جهل

جَهِلَ1 جَهِلَ; (S;) and جَهِلَهُ, (Sh, Msb, K,) and جَهِلَ بِهِ (JK) [and مِنْهُ (see جَاهِلٌ)]; aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. جَهْلٌ and جَهَالَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُهُولِيَّهٌ; (TA;) He was ignorant; (S;) he was characterized by جَهْل in any of the senses assigned to this word below: (TA:) and he was ignorant of it; he did not know it; (Sh, JK, Msb, K;) contr. of عَلِمَهُ. (Msb, K.) You say, مِثْلِى لَا يَجْهَلُ مِثْلَكَ The like of me will not be ignorant of the like of thee. (Sh, TA.) and جَهِلَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ He acted in an ignorant or a silly or foolish manner towards another: and wrongly. (Msb.) And جَهِلَ فُلَانٌ رَأْيَهُ [i. q. سَفِهَ رَأُيَهُ, He was ignorant, or silly, or foolish, in his opinion, or judgment]. (Sh, TA.) And جَهِلَ الحَقَّ He neglected the truth, or the right, or due; [or he ignored it;] syn. أَضَاعَهُ. (Msb.) See also 6. b2: جَهِلَتِ القِدْرُ (tropical:) The cooking-pot boiled vehemently; contr. of تَحَلَّمَت. (TA.) 2 جهّلهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْهِيلٌ, (S, K,) He attributed to him جَهْل [or ignorance, &c.]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: And He caused him to fall into جَهْل. (TA.) 3 مُجَاهَلَةٌ The acting with levity, and in an ignorant or a silly or foolish manner, with any one. (KL.) [You say, جاهلهُ, meaning He so acted with him.]6 تجاهل He feigned, or made a false show of, جَهْل [or ignorance, &c.]. (S, K.) And ↓ جَهِلَ عَلَيْهِ He feigned ignorance [to him]. (K.) 10 استجهلهُ He reckoned him, or esteemed him, جَاهِل [or ignorant, &c.]. (S, TA.) b2: He, or it, excited him to lightness, or levity, and unsteadiness. (S, K.) b3: اِسْتجْهَلَتِ الرِّيحُ الغُصْنَ (tropical:) The wind put the branch into a state of commotion. (K, TA.) جَهْلٌ an inf. n. of 1: Ignorance; contr. of عِلْمٌ: (S, Msb, * K: *) [and silliness, or foolishness: and wrong conduct: (see 1:)] it is of two kinds; namely, simple, which is the non-existence of knowledge of that which should be known; and compound, which is a decisive belief not agreeable with the fact, or reality: so accord. to Ibn-El-Kemál: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, it is of three kinds; namely, the mind's voidness of knowledge, which is the primary meaning; and the believing a thing to be different from what it is; and the doing a thing in a manner different from that in which it ought to be done: or, accord. to El-Harállee, the proceeding in dubious affairs without knowledge. (TA.) It is said in a prov., كَفِى بِالشَّكِّ جُهْلًا [Doubt is sufficient ignorance]. (Msb.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ مِنَ العِلْمِ جَهْلًا [Verily there is, among the kinds of knowledge, what is ignorance]: this is one's learning what is not requisite, and neglecting what is requisite; or a learned man's affecting, or pretending, a knowledge of that which he does not know. (TA.) جَهِلَأءُ: see الجَاهِلِيَّةُ.

:جَهُولٌ see what next follows.

جَاهِلٌ and ↓ جَهُولٌ, [but the latter has an intensive signification,] Ignorant: (Msb, K:) and silly, or foolish, in conduct: and wrong in conduct: (Msb:) [characterized by جَهْل in any of the senses assigned to this word above:] pl. جُهَّالٌ (K, KL) and جُهْلٌ and جُهُلٌ and جُهَّلٌ and جُهَلَآءُ: (K:) see جَاهِلِىٌّ. The former epithet is mostly used in dispraise: but sometimes not in dispraise; as in the saying [in the Kur ii. 274], يَجْسِبُهُمُ الجَاهِلُ أَغْنِيَآءَ i. e., The ignorant of their [real] state [would reckon them possessed of competence]. (TA.) هُوَ جَاهِلٌ مِنْهُ means هو جاهل بِهِ, (K, TA,) i. e., He is ignorant [of him, or it, or] of his, or its, state, or condition. (TA.) b2: الجَاهِلُ The lion (K, TA) that is ignorant of the prey. (TA.) [In the CK, وَالجَاهِلُ الاَسَدُ is a mistake for وَالجَاهِلُ الأَسَدُ.]

جَيْهَلُ: see جَيْهَلَةٌ.

A2: Also Great as an epithet applied to a smooth rock (صَفَاةٌ). (K.) جَيْهَلَةٌ (IDrd, JK, K) and ↓ جَيْهَلٌ and ↓ مِجْهَلٌ (IDrd, K) and ↓ مِجْهَلَةٌ (K) A piece of wood with which one stirs live, or burning, coals (جَمْر), (JK, K, TA,) or wine (خَمْر); (so in some copies of the K;) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) جَاهِلِىٌّ [A pagan; a pagan Arab; one of those who are called collectively ↓ الجَاهِليَّةٌ; and sometimes ↓ مُخَضُرَمُون, pl. of شَاهِدٌ: and particularly, a pagan poet;] a poet of the first, or earliest, of the four classes which are ranked in chronological order; of the class which was succeeded next by the مُخَضْرَمُون. (Mz, 49th نوع.) [See also شَاهِدٌ.]

الجَاهِلِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes. b2: [Also, or]

↓ الجَاهِلِيَّةُ الجَهْلَآءُ, (JK, S, K,) in which the latter word is a corroborative, (S, K,) as in لَيْلَةٌ لَيْلَآءُ

&c., (S,) [The time, or state, of ignorance, or paganism; or of intense ignorance;] the time of the فَتْرَة [or cessation of the mission of apostles, and of the effacement of the signs of their religion]. (JK.) One says, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى الجَاهِلِيَّةِ الجَهْلَآءِ [That was in the time, or state, of paganism, or of intense ignorance]. (S.) مَجْهَلٌ An affair, or an event, or a case, and a land, and a habit, a property, a quality, a practice, or an action, that induces a man to believe a thing to be different from what it is. (Er-Rághib, TA.) A desert (مَفَازَةٌ) in which are no signs of the way. (S.) And أَرْضٌ مَجْهَلٌ A land in which are no signs of the way: (TA:) or in which one will not go aright (K, TA) unless by means of the [signs of the way called] آرَام: (TA:) pl. مَجَاهِلُ, which is the contr. of مَعَالِمُ: (TA:) accord. to the K, it has neither dual nor pl.; but it has both, as 'Iyád and others have affirmed. (MF, TA.) مِجْهَلٌ: see جَيْهَلَةٌ.

مَجْهَلَةٌ [A cause of, or an incitement to, ignorant, silly, foolish, or wrong, conduct;] a thing that incites one to الجَهْل. (S, K.) Hence the saying, الوَلَدُ مَجْهَلَةٌ [Children are a cause of silly, or foolish, conduct]. (S.) مِجْهَلَةٌ: see جَيْهَلَةٌ.

مِجْهَالٌ (tropical:) A she-camel light, brisk, or agile, in her pace, or going. (TA.) مَجْهُولٌ [Unknown]. You say, رَكِبْتُ المَفَازَةٌ عَلَى مَجْهُولِهَا [I ventured upon traversing the desert notwithstanding its unknown character]. (S, TA.) b2: [A man of unknown origin. A book of unknown authorship. b3: In grammar, The passive voice.] b4: نَاقَةٌ مَجْهُولَةٌ (tropical:) A she-camel that has never been milked: or that has no brand upon her: (K, TA:) and (tropical:) a she-camel that has never conceived. (Z, TA.) مُسْتَجْهِلٌ Making himself like the جَاهِل [or ignorant; feigning himself ignorant]: or reckoning, or esteeming, جَاهِل. (Har p. 572.)

ول

ى1 وَلِيَهُ , (S, Msb, K,) and وَلِى عَلَيْهِ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. وِلَايَةٌ (S, Msb, K,) and وَلَايَةٌ, (K,) or the former is a simple subst., (TA,) and signifies the office, and authority, (K,) He held command or authority over it; had charge of it; presided over it, or superintended it, (namely a thing, S, Msb, K, and a country, province, town, or the like, S, Msb,) as a prefect, commander, governor, lord, prince, king, administrator, or manager; (K, TA;) i. q. ↓ تَوَلَّاهُ. (Msb.) b2: وَلِىَ كَذَا He performed the act or office of doing such a thing; he did such a thing himself.2 وَلَّى He caused to turn away, or back. (Kur-án, ch. ii. v. 136.) b2: He caused to turn towards, with acc. (Idem, ch. ii. v. 139.) b3: He turned away, or departed. (TA.) b4: وَلَّى عَنْهُ He turned away from, avoided, shunned, and left, him or it. (Msb.) b5: وَلَّتِ الحَرْبُ [The war declined]. (A, K, in art. سفر.) b6: وَلَّى هَارِبًا He went back, or retreated, fleeing. (S.) b7: وَلَّيْتُهُ ظَهْرِى

I placed him behind me, and betook myself to defending him. (TA in art. شزن.) b8: More commonly I turned my back upon him, or it: see Har, p. 564. b9: وَلَّى اللَّيْلُ لِيَذْهَبَ The night [declined, i. e.] retreated to depart; syn. أَدْبَرَ. (T in art. دبر.) b10: وَلَّى أَمْرُ القَوْمِ لِفَسَادِ The case of the people, or party, declined, or became reduced to a bad state; syn. أَدْبَرَ. (M in art. دبر.) b11: [وَلَّى كِبَرًا, and وَلَّى alone, both of frequent occurrence in the lexicons, &c., He became in a declining state by reason of age.]

وَلَّى said of a man is syn. with دَبَرَ; as also شَيَّخَ. (S in art. دبر.) See also two exs., p. 75, col. 3. b12: التَّوْلِيَةُ, like الإِدْبَارُ, properly signifies Retrogression; and hence, like this English word, tropically, declension. b13: وَلَّاهُ أَمْرًا He set him over the thing; appointed him superintendent of it; or set him to do it; as also إِيَّاهُ ↓ أَوْلَاهُ. b14: وَلَّى دُبُرَهُ and وَلَّاهُ دُبُرَهُ; see دُبُرٌ, and see three phrases voce ذَنَبٌ.3 وَالَاهُ It was next, or adjacent, to it. Said of one place or tract with respect to another. b2: وَالَى He made a consecution, or succession, of one to the other; (S, K;) بَيْنَهُمَا between them two; (S;) or بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ between the two things or affairs; he made a successive connexion, or no interruption. (K.) And والاه He made it consecutive, successive, or uninterrupted, in its progressions, or gradations, or the like; syn. تَابَعَهُ [which see]. (Msb.) b3: وَالَاهُ, (MA,) inf. n. مُوَالَاةٌ, (S, KL, TA,) He befriended him, or was friendly to him. (S, MA, KL, TA.) See شَايَعَهُ.4 أَوْلَى He gave: and he made near. (KL.) b2: أَوْلَاهُ مَعْرُوفًا He did to him, or conferred upon him, a benefit, or favour; syn. أَسْدَاه إِلَيْهِ; as though he made it cleave to him, being next to him: or he put him in possession of it. (TA.) You say also, أَوْلَاهُ ذُلَّا [He brought upon him abasement, or ignominy], (S, K, in art. خسف,) and الذُّلَّ وَالهَوَانَ. (Msb in that art., voce خَسْفٌ, q. v.) 5 تَوَلَّى He turned himself, الى towards. (Jel, ii. 139.) He turned away (Idem, xix. 50; and S, Msb) عَنْهُ from him, or it. (S.) b2: تَوَلَّى He turned the back to another: see a verse in art. فيل, conj. 1. b3: تولّى أَمْرًا He took upon himself an affair. b4: تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ He took upon himself, or undertook, the main part thereof; syn. تَحَمَّلَ مُعْظَمَهُ. (Jel, xxiv. ii.) b5: تَولَّاهُ: see وَلِيَهُ.10 اِسْتَوْلَى عَلَيْهِ He mastered, or gained the mastery over, him or it; (Msb;) he got it in his hand, possession, or power. (TA.) b2: إِسْتَوْلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُجَّةُ [The argument, allegation, or pled, overcame him]. (L in art. بهت.) وَلِىٌّ The manager of a thing, or of the affairs of another: (Msb:) the guardian, or manager of the affairs, and maintainer, of an orphan: the guardian of a women, who affiances her, and independently of whom marriage cannot be contracted by her. (TA.) The executor of a deceased person: (Bd, xvii. 35:) the heir of a deceased person. (Bd, Jel, ibid.) The hair [or next-of-kin] of a slain person, (Bd, Jel, xvii. 35,) who has the management of the affairs after the death of that person. (Bd, ibid.) and the slayer's next-of-kin, who is answerable for him. b2: وَلِىُّ عَهْدٍ and وِلَايَةُ عَهْدٍ: see art. عهد. b3: وَلِىّ اللّٰهِ may be rendered The friend of God: or وَلِىٌّ has the meaning of an act. part. n., i. e. the constant obeyer [of God]: or that of a pass. part. n., i. e. [the favourite of God;] the object of the constant beneficence and favours of God. (TA.) See عَدُوٌّ. b4: أَللّٰهُ وَلِىُّ الحَمْدِ signifies both مُسْتَحِقُّهُ and صَاحِبُهُ. (IbrD.) b5: وَلِىٌّ pl. أَوْلِيَاءُ A saint, &c. b6: وَلِىٌّ The rain after the وَسْمِىّ. (TA in art. عنو.) وَلَآءٌ Relationship: so in the phrase بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَآءٌ [Between them two is relationship]. (JM.) b2: Also used for أَصْحَابُ وَلَآءٍ: see a verse cited voce عَيْرٌ. b3: وَلَآءٌ The right to the inheritance of the property left by an emancipated slave.

وِلَايَةٌ

: see وَلِىٌّ.

وَالٍ

A prefect, governor, ruler, king, regent, judge, magistrate, &c. See مَعُونَةُ.

فُلَانٌ أَوْلَى بِكَذَا Such a one is more, or most, entitled to such a thing; has a better, or the best, right, or title, or claim, to it; is more, or most, deserving, or worthy, of it; is more, or most, competent to it; is more, or most, fit for it; syn. أَحَقُّ بِهِ. (Msb.) But see أَحَقٌّ. See also an ex. voce أُولُو, from the Kur, viii., last verse, and xxxiii. 6. b2: أَوْلَى بِشَىْءٍ

More worthy, or deserving, of a thing. More fit, apt, or proper, for a thing. b3: بِالطَّرِيقِ لِأَوْلَى

A fortiori: see طَرِيقٌ.

مَوْلًى

A lord, or chief; syn. سَيِّدٌ. (TA in the addenda.) b2: The son of a paternal uncle: (S, Msb:) or a relation, (K,) such as a son of a paternal uncle (IAar, K) and the like, (K,) [i. e.] and such as a son of a sister. (IAar, TA.) b3: And A freedman; (S, Msb, K;) so called because he is in the condition of the son of a paternal uncle; being one [under the patronage of his emancipator, i. e.,] whom the emancipator is bound to aid, and whose property he inherits if he dies having no [natural or other legal] heir. (TA.) And (K) a slave: (M, K:) fem. with ة. (M.) مَوَالِيَا

, vulg. مَوَّال (not مَوَالِيَّا) A kind of short poem, generally of five lines, of which all but the penultimate end with the same rhyme: see note 5 to ch. xxvi. of my “ 1001 Nights. ”

ولى:
ولى: جاور، لاصق êtrea contigue ( قرطاس 7:40)؛ ولى مع: تاخم، جاور être limitohe de ( دي ساسي كرست دبلوماسية 494:9)؛ أمس والذي يليه، أول الباخرة (فوك).
ولى: ما كان على (فريتاج) أن يعيد ذكر ولى عنه بوجهه التي وردت عند (جوليوس) لأنها لا أكثر من ولَّى التي طبعها، مصيباً، في (كرست 4:56).
ولَّى ابتعد عن (ألف ليلة 7:82:1): مدينة ولى عنها الشتاء ببرده وأقبل عليها الربيع بورده.
ولَّى بوجهه عنه (أنظر ولى).
ولَّى: أدار (ويجرز 3:43 و126، 236، حيّان 100): وولوا المسلمين أكتافهم (أي أولوا المسلمين ظهورهم).
ولَّى: عاد للموضع الذي كان قد سافر منه (بقطر - بربرية).
ولَّى: من الجائز أن يقال ولاَّه معروفاً مثلما يقال أولاه معروفاً فيما لو لم يكن هناك خطاً في منطوق شطر البيت أنا عبد ولُيتهُ كل برِ الذي ورد عند (المقري3:276:2) إذ أن (فليشر - بيرشت 295) قد اقترح، بحذر، أن تقرأ أوليته.
ولَّى: فرض شيئاً على فلان (محمد بن الحارث 317): فأعقبه الله في ذلك بشَر عقباً وولاّه من ذلك ما تولاَّ.
ولَّى فلاناً: أعلن ولاية العهد لفلان أي خليفة له من بعده (دي ساسي كرست 4:229:2): يقال أيضاً ولَّى العهد لأخيه (معجم البيان).
ولَّى: أهّل، جعله أهلاً، خوله الحق في habiliter ( الكالا).
ولّى: تخلى عن صفقة أو عن عقار بسعر الشراء: فولاه من زوجه من (تنازل عن الشيء لزوجته بسعر الكلفة) (بوسويه)؛ ولّى ل ... (صيغ العقود 1): وثيقة التولية اشهد على نفسه فلان ابن فلان طائعاً غير مكروه انه قد ولاّ لفلان ابن فلان الفدان الذي اشتراه بموضع كذا ولا له بالثمن الذي اشتراه به. هكذا وردت في الأصل بأخطائها - المترجم.
والى: أرسل دون انقطاع (عباد 5:248:1 وكان ابن جهور كثيراً ما يوالي رسله إلى الاصطلاح بينهما).
والى: لاصق، لامس، جاور limitrophe de contigua ( بوسويه، معجم الجغرافيا، معجم البلاذري).
والى به الضرب: ضربه بدون توقف (معجم التنبيه).
والى: كمل (؟) accomplir ( الكالا).
أولى: انظر في (كليلة ودمنة 4:474) اصطلاح: أولاه معروفاً (وفيه): وهذه البهائم قد أولتني بهذا الجزاء.
أولى: ومثلما يقال أولاه معروفاً يقال أولاه حمداً بمعنى الثناء (عبد الواحد 10:155 وفيه ما أولى (في موضع ما أولاه الحمد) أي يا للثناء الذي لا يستحقه! (عبّاد 133:3) فأن أجاد فما أولى وإن قصر فعذره أوضح وأجلى.
أولى فلاناً وأولى به: أعطى، منح (بقطر).
تولى: (فعلٌ متعد بنفسه إلى مفعولين) (بقطر): التزم بمهمة .. تعهد العناية ب (الملابس عند العرب 10:29، معجم التنبيه)، تولى الحرس faire la garde: حرس، تولى الحرس بعده شغل منصب الحارس أو نهض بتلك المهمة (بقطر).
تولى: اعتاد على عمل شيء (رياض النفوس 97): il apprit اعتاد ما يتولى منه المؤدب الهواري من الشتم واللعن فبعث في طلبه؛ انظر (البربرية 35:1): المتولين موطنهم بالمجال أي الذين يتجولون، بانتظام، في مناطقهم (دي سلان).
تولى: استولى، ساد (بوسويه). وفي (البربرية 46:1): تسيدّه: فغلبهم أولاد مسعود وقتلوا شيخهم - وتولوا الوطن بما فيه. توّلى على (ألف ليلة برسل 391:3): فعملت نفسك السندباد لأجل اخذ الأحمال وتتولى على ماله والله هذا حرام عليك؛ يبدو لي إن هناك احتمالاً أن يكون (فوك) قد فكّر حين شرح أوجه معاني هذا الفعل، أي تولى على، بالتعبير اللاتيني quando vult Presse.
تولى: تزوج امرأة أخيه (باين سميث 1543). تولى: اضطر إلى حمل ما فرض عليه آخر (انظر عبارة محمد بن الحارث التي ذكرتها في ولَّى).
تولّى المجلس: تصدّر الجلسة (بقطر).
توّلى ل: صار مولى لفلان ( Moul ل - مولى) (فهرست المخطوطات في ليدن 9:227:1).
توالى: من تتوالى له السببية في مرتبتين (والمقدمة 2): هو الذي يستطيع أن يشخص حلقتين في سلسلة واحدة من الأسباب والمسببات (دي سلان).
توالى: زعم أنه مولى ل ... être client de ( الكامل 15:335).

اله

1 أَلَهَ, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) with fet-h, (S,) or أَلِهَ, (Mgh, Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) like تَعِبَ, aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. إِلَاهَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and أُلُوهَةٌ and أُلُوهِيَّپٌ, (K,) He served, worshipped, or adored; syn. عَبَدَ. (S, Msb, K.) Hence the reading of I'Ab, [in the Kur vii. 124,] وَيَذَرَكَ وَإِلَاهَتَكَ [And leave thee, and the service, or worship, or adoration, of thee; instead of وَآلِهَتَكَ and thy gods, which is the common reading]; for he used to say that Pharaoh was worshipped, and did not worship: (S:) so, too, says, Th: and IB says that the opinion of I'Ab is strengthened by the sayings of Pharaoh [mentioned in the Kur lxxix. 24 and xxviii. 38], “I am your lord the most high,” and “I did not know any god of yours beside me.” (TA.) A2: أَلِهَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. أَلَهٌ, (S,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; (S, K;) originally وَلِهَ. (S.) b2: أَلِهَ عَلَي فُلَانٍ He was, or became, vehemently impatient, or affected with vehement grief, or he manifested vehement grief and agitation, on account of such a one; (S, K;) like وَلِهَ. (S.) b3: أَلِهَ إِلَيْهِ He betook himself to him by reason of fright or fear, seeking protection; or sought, or asked, aid, or succour, of him: he had recourse, or betook himself, to him for refuge, protection, or preservation. (K.) b4: أَلِهَ بِالمَكَانِ He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, in the place. (MF.) A3: أَلَهَهُ, (K,) like مَنَعَهُ, (TA,) [in the CK اَلِهَهُ,] He protected him; granted him refuge; preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated, him; aided, or succoured, him; or delivered him from evil: he rendered him secure, or safe. (K.) 2 تَأْلِيهٌ [inf. n. of أَلَّهَهُ He made him, or took him as, a slave; he enslaved him;] i. q. تَعْبِيدٌ. (S, K.) b2: [The primary signification of أَلَّهَهُ seems to be, He made him to serve, worship, or adore. b3: Accord. to Freytag, besides having the former of the two meanings explained above, it signifies He reckoned him among gods; held him to be a god; made him a god: but he does not mention his authority.]5 تألّه He devoted himself to religious services or exercises; applied himself to acts of devotion. (JK, S, Msb, K.) أُلْهَانِيَّةٌ: see إِلَاهَةٌ.

إِلهٌ, or إِلَاهٌ, [the former of which is the more common mode of writing the word,] is of the measure فعَالٌ (S, Msb, K) in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) like كِتَابٌ in the sense of مَكْتُوبٌ, and بِسَاطٌ in the sense of مَبْسُوطً, (Msb,) meaning ↓ مَأْلْوةٌ [An object of worship or adoration; i. e. a god, a deity]; (S, Msb, K) anything that is taken as an object of worship or adoration, accord. to him who takes it as such: (K:) with the article ال, properly, i. q. اللّٰهُ; [sec this word below;] but applied by the believers in a plurality of gods to what is worshipped by them to the exclusion of اللّٰه: (Msb:) pl. آلِهَةٌ: (Msb, TA:) which signifies idols: (JK, S, TA:) in the K, this meaning is erroneously assigned to إِلَاهَةٌ: (TA:) [not so in the CK; but there, الالِهَةُ is put in a place where we should read الإِلَاهَةُ, or إِلَاهَةُ without the article:] ↓ الإِلَاهَةُ [is the fem. of الإِلَاهُ, and] signifies [the goddess: and particularly] the serpent: [(a meaning erroneously assigned in the CK to الآلِهَةُ; as also other meanings here following:) because it was a special object of the worship of some of the ancient Arabs:] (K:) or the great serpent: (Th:) and the [new moon; or the moon when it is termed]

هِلَال: (Th, K:) and, (S, K,) as also ↓ إِلَاهَةُ, without ال, the former perfectly decl., and the latter imperfectly decl., (S,) and ↓ الأُلَاهَةُ, (IAar, K,) and ↓ أُلَاهَةُ, (IAar, TA,) and ↓ الأَلَاهَةُ, (K,) [and app. ↓ أَلَاهَةُ,] and ↓ الأَلِيهَةُ, (K,) the sun; (S, K;) app. so called because of the honour and worship which they paid to it: (S:) or the hot sun. (Th, TA.) [إِلهٌ is the same as the Hebrew אֱלוֹהַּ and The Chaldee XXX; and is of uncertain derivaTion: accord. To some,] it is originally وِلَاهٌ, like as إِشَاحٌ is originally وِشَاحٌ; meaning that mankind yearn towards him who is thus called, [seeking protection or aid,] in their wants, and humble themselves to him in their afflictions, like as every infant yearns towards its mother. (TA.) [See also the opinions, cited below, on the derivation of اللّٰهُ.]

أَلَهَةُ and الأَلَاهَةُ: see إِلهٌ.

أُلَاهَةُ and الأُلَاهَةُ: see إِلهٌ.

A2: أُلَاهَةٌ: see إِلَاهَةٌ.

إِلَاهَةٌ inf. n. of 1, q. v. (S, Msb, K.) A2: Godship; divinity; (K;) as also ↓ أُلَاهَةٌ (CK [not found by me in any MS. copy of the K) and ↓ أُلْهَانِيَّةٌ. (K.) A3: إِلَاهَةُ and الإِلَاهَةُ: see إِلهٌ.

الأَلِيهَةُ: see إِلهٌ.

إِلهِىٌّ, or إِلَاهِىٌّ, Of, or relating to, God or a god; divine; theological: Hence, العِلْمُ الإِلهِىُّ or الإِلَاهِىٌّ: see what next follows.]

الإِلهِيَّةُ, or الإِلَاهِيَّةُ, Theology; the science of the being and attributes of God, and of the articles of religious belief; also termed عِلْمُ الإِلهِيَّاتِ or الإِلَاهِيَّاتِ, and ↓ العِلْمُ الإِلهِىُّ or الإِلَاهِىُّ.]

اللّٰهُ, [written with the disjunctive alif اَللّٰهُ, meaning God, i. e. the only true god,] accord. to the most correct of the opinions respecting it, which are twenty in number, (K,) or more than thirty, (MF,) is a proper name, (Msb, K,) applied to the Being who exists necessarily, by Himself, comprising all the attributes of perfection; (TA;) a proper name denoting the true god, comprising all the excellent divine names; a unity comprising all the essences of existing things; (Ibn-El- 'Arabee, TA;) the ال being inseparable from it: (Msb:) not derived: (Lth, Msb, K:) or it is originally إِلهٌ, or إِلَاهٌ, (Sb, A Heyth, S, Msb, K,) of the measure فِعَالٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, meaning مَأْلُوهٌ, (S, K, *) with [the article]

ال prefixed to it, (Sb, A Heyth, S, Msb,) so that it becomes الإِلَاهُ, (Sb, A Heyth, Msb,) then the vowel of the hemzeh is transferred to the ل [before it], (Msb,) and the hemzeh is suppressed, (Sb, A Heyth, S, Msb,) so that there remains اللّٰهُ, or الِلَاهُ, after which the former ل is made quiescent, and incorporated into the other: (Sb, A Heyth, Msb:) the suppression of the hemzeh is for the purpose of rendering the word easy of utterance, on account of the frequency of its occurrence: and the ال is not a substitute for the hemzeh; for were it so, it would not occur therewith in الإِلَاهُ: (S:) so says J; but IB says that this is not a necessary inference, because الإِلَاهُ applies to God (اللّٰهُ) and also to the idol that is worshipped; whereas اللّٰهُ applies only to God; and therefore, in using the vocative form of address, one may say, يَا اَللّٰهُ [O God], with the article ال and with the disjunctive hemzeh; but one may not say, يَا الإِلَاهُ either with the disjunctive or with the conjunctive hemzeh: (TA:) Sb allows that it may be originally لَاهٌ: see art. ليه: (S:) some say that it is from أَلِهَ, either because minds are confounded, or perplexed, by the greatness, or majesty, of God, or because He is the object of recourse for protection, or aid, in every case: or from أَلَهَهُ, meaning “he protected him,” &c., as explained above: see 1, last sentence. (TA.) The ال is pronounced with the disjunctive hemzeh in using the vocative form of address [يَا اَللّٰهُ] because it is inseparably prefixed as an honourable distinction of this name; (S;) or because a pause upon the vocative particle is intended in honour of the name; (S in art. ليه;) and AAF says that it is also thus pronounced in a form of swearing; as in أَفَاَللّٰهِ لَتَفْعَلَنَّ [an elliptical phrase, as will be shown below, meaning Then, by God, wilt thou indeed do such a thing?]; though he denies its being thus pronounced because it is inseparable; regarding it as a substitute for the suppressed hemzeh of الإِلَاهُ: (S in the present art.:) Sb mentions this pronunciation in يَا اَللّٰهُ; and Th mentions the pronunciation of يَا اللّٰهُ also, with the conjunctive hemzeh: Ks, moreover, mentions, as used by the Arabs, the phrase يَلَهْ اَغْفِرْلِى [O God, forgive me], for يَا اللّٰهُ; but this is disapproved. (ISd, TA.) The word is pronounced in the manner termed تَفْخِيم, [i. e., with the broad sound of the lengthened fet-h, and with a full sound of the letter ل,] for the purpose of showing honour to it; but when it is preceded by a kesreh, [as in بِاللّٰهِ By God, and بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ In the name of God,] it is pronounced in the [contr.] manner termed تَرْقِيق: AHát says that some of the vulgar say, لَاوَاللّٰهْ [No, by God], suppressing the alif, which should necessarily be uttered, as in الرَّحْمنُ, which is in like manner written without alif; and he adds that some person has composed a verse in which the alif [in this word] is suppressed, erroneously. (Msb.) You say, اَللّٰهَ اللّٰهَ فِى كَذَا, [a verb being understood,] meaning Fear ye God, fear ye God, with respect to such a thing. (Marginal note in a copy of the Jámi' es-Sagheer. [See another ex. voce كَرَّةٌ.]) And اَللّٰهَ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ and اَللّٰهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ [By God, I will assuredly do such a thing]: in the former is understood a verb significant of swearing; and in the latter, [or in both, for a noun is often put in the accus. case because of a particle understood,] a particle [such as بِ or وَ] denoting an oath. (Bd in ii. 1.) and لِلهِ مَا فَعَلْتُ, meaning وَاللّٰهِ مَا فَعَلْتُ [By God, I did not, or have not done, such a thing]. (JK.) And لِلّهِ دَرُّكَ (tropical:) To God be attributed thy deed! (A in art. در:) or the good that hath proceeded from thee! or thy good deed! or thy gift! and what is received from thee! [and thy flow of eloquence! and the like]: a phrase expressive of admiration of anything: (TA in art. در:) [when said to an eloquent speaker or poet, it may be rendered divinely art thou gifted!]. And لِلّهِ دَرُّهُ (tropical:) To God be attributed his deed! [&c.]. (S and K in art. در.) And لِلّهِ القَائِلُ [meaning To God be attributed (the eloquence of) the sayer! or] how good, or beautiful, is the saying of the sayer, or of him who says [such and such words]! or it is like the phrase لِلّهِ دَرُّهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) To God be attributed his goodness! and his pure action! (Har p. 11.) And لِلّهِ فُلَانٌ [To God be attributed (the excel-lence, or goodness, or deed, &c., of) such a one!] explained by Az as meaning wonder ye at such a one: how perfect is he! (Har ibid.) [And لِلّهِ أَبُوكَ: see art. ابو.] And لَاهِ أَنْتَ, meaning لِلّهِ أَنْتَ [lit. To God be thou attributed! i. e. to God be attributed thine excellence! or thy goodness! or thy deed! &c.]. (JK.) [Similar to لِلّهِ, thus used, is the Hebrew expression לֵאלֹהּים after an epithet signifying “great” or the like.] إِنَّالِلّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ, in the Kur [ii. 151], said on the occasion of an affliction, means Verily to God we belong, as property and servants, He doing with us what He willeth, and verily unto Him we return in the ultimate state of existence, and He will recompense us. (Jel.) Az mentions the phrase الحَمْدُلَاهِ [meaning الحَمْدُلِلّهِ Praise be to God]: but this is not allowable in the Kur-án: it is only related as heard from the Arabs of the desert, and those not knowing the usage of the Kur-án. (Az, TA.) b2: ↓ اَللّهُمَّ is an expression used in prayer; as also لَاهُمَّ; (JK, Msb;) meaning يَا اَللّٰهُ [O God]; the م being a substitute for [the suppressed vocative particle] يا; (S in art. ليه, and Bd in iii. 25;) but one says also, يَا اَللّهُمَّ, (JK, and S ibid,) by poetic licence: (S ibid:) or the meaning, accord. to some, is يَا اَللّٰهُ أُمَّنَا بِخَيْرٍ [O God, bring us good]; (JK, and Bd ubi suprà;) and hence the origin of the expression. (Bd.) You say also اَللّهُمَّ إِلَّا [which may be rendered, inversely, Unless, indeed; or unless, possibly]: the former word being thus used to denote that the exception is something very rare. (Mtr in the commencement of his Expos. of the Makámát of El-Hareeree, and Har pp. 52 and 53.) And اَللّهُمَّ نَعَمْ [which may be rendered, inversely, Yes, indeed; or yea, verily]: the former word being used in this case as corroborative of the answer to an interrogation, negative and affirmative. (Har p. 563.) اَللّهُمَّ: see what next precedes.

مَأْلُوهٌ: see إِلهٌ.