نقل

1 نَقَلَهُ He related it, told it, or mentioned it, from another; he transmitted it; he transcribed it. See 1 in art. حكى. نَقَلَ إِلَيْهِ حَدِيثًا [He related to him a tradition]. (Msb.) b2: نَقَلَهُ He transferred it; shifted it; translated it; conveyed it. He discerned it, or took and mentioned it, namely a word or phrase or signification, from (من) such a one; he quoted it; i. e. نَقَلَهُ إِلَى كِتَابِهِ مِنْ كِتَابٍ آخَرَ he transferred it to his book from another book.5 تَنَقَّلَ بِالنُّقْلِ [and تنقّل alone] He ate نُقْل. (MA.) b2: Hence, تَنَقَّلَ بِالحَدِيثِ He amused himself with talk; like as one amuses himself with the eating of fruit after a meal: see تَفَكَّهَ.8 اِنْتَقَلَ He shifted, removed, or passed, from one place, or time (as in an instance in the K voce أَسْوَعَ), or state, to another.

نَقْلُ الأَقْدَامِ The shifting of the feet from place to place. b2: بَآءُ النَّفْلِ i. q.

بَآءُ التَّعْدِيَةِ The ب that renders a verb trans.; as in ذَهَبَ بِهِ. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) b3: التَّآءُ لِلنَّقْلِ or الهَآءُ لِلنَّقْلِ meansلِلنَّقْلِ مِنَ الوَصْفِيَّةِ إِلَى الاِسْمِيَّةِ, i. e. The ة that is added for the transference of a word from the category of epithets to that of substantives; as in خَلِيفَةٌ, accord. to some, and دَائِرَةٌ.

نُقْلٌ Dried and other fruits (such as nuts, almonds, raisins, dried figs, dried dates, &c.), [and comfits:] the fruit [that is an accompaniment] of wine; (MA in explanation of نُقْلٌ [which is more common than نَقْلٌ];) fruit that is eaten with wine. (KL in explanation of نُِقْلٌ.) نَقَلٌ Stones with trees. (Az and IKtt in TA, voce غَدَرٌ.) مَنْقَلَةٌ i. q.

مَرْحَلَةٌ (JK, Msb) مِنْ مَراَحِلِ السَّفَرِ. (JK.) مِنْقَلَةٌ A thing upon which bricks are carried from place to place. (O, voce شَبَحَةٌ.) مُنَقِّلَةٌ

: A wound in the head, by which bone is removed: see شَجَّةٌ.

المَنْقُولُ [Discerned knowledge; opposed to مَعْقُولُ]: under this term are comprised the sciences of أُصُولُ الدِّينِ (also called عِلْمُ الكام).

الحَدِيثُ, and الفِقْهُ: all the other sciences are comprised under the term المَعْقُولُ; (IbrD;) i. e. intellectual, or perceived by the intellect; and excogitated.

نول

1 نَالَ , aor. ـَ has for inf. ns. نَالٌ and مَنَالٌ and مَنَالَةٌ. (TA.) b2: See 6.3 نَاوَلَهُ شَيْئًا He gave him a thing; presented, or offered, it to him; gave him it with his hand; handed it to him; syn. عَاطَاهُ; (T;) he gave him a thing with his extended hand. (T, K.) 5 تَنَوَّلَ عَليْنَا بِشَىْءٍ يَسِيرٍ : see تَطَوَّلَ.6 تَنَاوَلَ مَآءَ الحَوْضِ [He reached, and drank of, the water of the drinking-trough]: said of a camel. (S, art. نوش.) b2: تَنَاوَلَ مِنْ يَدِهِ شَيْئًا He took from his hand a thing; took it with his hand from his (another's) hand; syn. تَعَاطَاهُ. (T.) b3: [تَنَاوَلَ شَيْئًا He reached a thing; took it with his hand; handed it to himself;] he took a thing with the extended hand; (TK;) or simply he took a thing; took it with his hand, took hold of it; syn. أَخَذَهُ: (K:) best rendered, he took, or reached, or reached and took, a thing, absolutely, or with the hand, or with the extended hand; and in like manner, with the mouth, as in an instance voce رَمَّ, &c.; he helped himself to it (i. e. food). b4: تَنَاوَلَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ He reached, or hit him, with the sword: see نَفَحَهُ: and see تَشَاوَلُوا, and أَطَفَّ. b5: هُوَ قَرِيبُ المُتَنَاوَلِ and سَهْلُ المَتَنَاوَلِ [app. He is one from whom it is easy to take, or receive, gifts, &c.]. (TA.) b6: تَنَاوَلُوا الرِّمَاحَ: see 6 in art. ذوق. b7: تَنَاوَلَهُ بِمَا يَسُوؤُهُ [He carped at him by saying, or taxed or charged him with, that which would grieve him]. b8: تناوله بما لَيْسَ فِيهِ [He carped at him by saying, or taxed or charged him with, what was not in him]. (TA, voce اِغْتَابَهُ.) b9: تَنَاوَلَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ He carped at him with his tongue: (IbrD:) as also ↓ نَالَهُ. (TA, art. هلب.) b10: تناول شَيْئًا It (a noun, &c.) applied to a thing. b11: تَنَاوَلَ It comprehended, or comprised: post-classical in this sense, but commonly used. (MF, TA.) b12: تَنَاوَلَهُ بِمَا يُكُرَهُ He taxed or charged him with, or accused him of a thing disliked, or hated. See also art. نيل; see an explanation of اِغْتَابَهُ, and see ظَهْرٌ.

نَالٌ : see نَوَالٌ.

نَوَالٌ and ↓ نَائِلٌ (S, K) and ↓ نَالٌ (K) A gift: (S, K:) and a benefit, or favour, obtained from a man. (TA.) See two exs. of the first voce خِرْقٌ: and an ex. of the second voce عَرَبَةٌ. b2: نَوَالٌ is also used as an inf. n. See an ex., from El-Aashà, voce لَيْسَ.

نَائِلٌ : see نَوَالٌ.

مِنْوَالٌ The web-beam of a loom; the beam on which the web is rolled, (S, Msb, in art. نول, and S, K, voce حَفَّةٌ,) as it is woven. (Msb.)

قرب

1 قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. دَنَا; (S, O;) contr. of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [app. relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [app. as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aor. ـَ and قَرَبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. قدم. [See art. بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. دلو: see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ اقرب is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its inf. n.]

الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقترب, also, is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقترب مِنِّى

[meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is syn. with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) b2: قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.) b3: In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.) A2: قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] accord. to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but accord. to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَآءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.) b3: And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.) A3: قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (accord. to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.) A4: قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.) A5: And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. app. قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its inf. n.,]) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.) 2 قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (S, O, Msb. *) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ اللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.] b2: [And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ham p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.) b3: قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bd.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) And ↓ قرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (S, O: in the Msb, إِلَى اللّٰهِ.) b4: حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (K,) signifies (tropical:) He said, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, K:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.) b5: And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and K * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp.82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“ My house is a little before the mosque ”]. (Kull p. 124.) b6: And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.) b7: and A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (S, O, K) of a horse: (S, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (S, O, K *) in running: (S, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (Az, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (S, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى

[which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (S, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end, in two places.3 قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: One says of a vessel, (S, O, K,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (S, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (K) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Msb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (K, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ &c.] b3: قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (Az, K, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (K in art. وط; &c.) and قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, S, Msb, all in art. دنو.) b4: قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ham p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.) b5: And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, K, TA.) b6: And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O, * K, * TA.) b7: And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (S, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (S.) b8: مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (K.) 4 أَقْرَبَ see 1, second quarter. b2: [Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (S, A, O, K,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (S, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, S, * O, * TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the S and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and K in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, S, A, O, K.) b3: and اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (K, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.) b4: And He nearly filled a vessel. (S, O, K.) b5: لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.) b6: اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O, * K, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.) b7: And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] ↓ قارب, not مُقْربٌ: (As, S, O:) the former of these is said by A'Obeyd to be anomalous: (S, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]

A2: See also 1, last quarter, in six places.5 تَقَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning (tropical:) Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (As, O, L, K, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.) b3: And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب اللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, K,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (S, K, * TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness, &c., to Him]. (A.) A2: تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, K, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.) 6 تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (S, * A, * Msb:) you say تقاربوا and ↓ اقتربوا [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.) b2: See also 1, second quarter. b3: تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means (tropical:) His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, K, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O, * K, * TA.) b4: And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly ripe. (O, K, TA.) b5: And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَرَبَ see 1, second quarter, in two places: b2: and see also 6.10 استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Msb.) قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also ↓ هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Msb.) and رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (S in art. ام; &c.) b2: It is also syn. with ↓ قَرَابٌ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ

[i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, عَنْ

↓ قَرِيبٍ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov., أَكْيَسُ ↓ الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ, thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ بِقُرَابٍ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ قِرَاب (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.] b3: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b4: It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.) A2: قُرْبٌ also, and ↓ قُرُبٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, K:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.) قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ قِرَابَةٌ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.] b2: Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, K.) قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.

قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.) b2: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b3: Also, (A, O, Msb,) and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ, (Msb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ قُرْبَانٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (S, * O, * TA,) used for water: (S, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, K:) or such as is sewed on one side: (K:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., S, O) قِرَبٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ and ↓ قِرَابَةٌ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (K, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]

قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: b2: and see also قَرَابَةٌ.

قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (S, O, K:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (S, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaakoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.) A2: See also the paragraph here following.

قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Kur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Msb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, O, K,) and ↓ قَرْبَانٌ, (K,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, K,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (K;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (S, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (S, ISd, A, O, K,) or of a governor, or prince; (S, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (S, A, O, K:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (S, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. of ↓ قَرِيبٌ. (A in art. بعد.) قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.

قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places: b2: and قُرْبٌ, near the middle: b3: and قِرَابٌ, former half: b4: and قُرَابَةٌ.

قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the S,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,) هُوَ ابْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ (O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.) b2: See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ and ↓ قُرَابَتُهُ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (K.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Es-Sinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-'Amr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA, *) إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا [If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the S and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (S, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Msb.) And الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ ↓ المَآءُ قُرَابَةُ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]

A2: Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (K, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (K, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (S, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Msb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Msb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.

قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O, * TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (S, A, O, K) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ أَقْرَبُ, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى

[meaning He is my relation], as too you say, ↓ هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى (S, O, K) and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ and منّى ↓ ذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قُرْبَى; (TA;) but not ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ قَرَابَةٌ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mtr,] ↓ قَرَابَةٌ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.) b4: And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ and ↓ قُرَابٌ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.) b5: It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence. b6: And one says, مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ

عَالِمٍ ↓ وَلَا قُرَابِ and عَالِمٍ ↓ قُرَابَةِ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ

[i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) And مِنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (S, O;) or مِنْكَ ↓ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ

meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (K.) b7: فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, K, TA.) قَرَابَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is originally an inf. n., (S,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] and ↓ قُرْبَى and ↓ قُرْبَةٌ and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قُرْبٌ (S, O) and ↓ مَقْرُبَةٌ and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (S, O, K) ↓ مَقْرِبَةٌ, (K,) all of them, (S, O, K,) or the first and ↓ قُرْبَى, (Msb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (S, O, * Msb, K, * TA;) or the first has the former of these significations and ↓ قُرْبَى has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the S, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Msb, it and ↓ القُرْبَى are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, and ↓ القُرْبَى as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (S, O.) b2: See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.

قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter: b2: and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places. b3: قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception, &c.]; (Fr, O, K;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.]) قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ: A2: and see also قَرَبٌ.

جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, K,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, K.) قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى

[There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.]) قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.) قَرْنَبٌ: &c.: see art. قرنب.

قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to As and A'Obeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (S, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (S, O, K, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (S, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (As, S, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (S, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAar, TA.) مَا لِى

قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) and حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.) A2: Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, K;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (S, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.) قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, K.) أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, and in respect of time, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ (tropical:) The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.) مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (O, K) (tropical:) A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, K, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “ the journeying by night,” or “ the journeying [by night] to water: ” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAar: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “ the ” journeying [by night &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.) مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: fem. with ة:] or this is done only with mares, lest a stallion of low race should cover them: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or خَيْلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ signifies horses that are [kept] near at hand, and prepared [for riding]: (El-Ahmar, TA:) or horses that have been prepared by scant food (ضُمِّرَتْ) for riding: (Sh, TA:) or horses of generous race, that are not confined in the pasturage, but are confined near to the tents, or dwellings, prepared for running. (R, TA.) and إِبِلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ Camels girded for riding: (Sh, O, K:) or camels upon which are saddles (رِحَال) cased with leather, whereon kings ride: but this explanation has been disallowed. (Aboo-Sa'eed [i. e. As], TA.) [See also مُكْرَــبَاتٌ.]

مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (S, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (S, O, K, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (S, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (S, O, K, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.) مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ: A2: and see also مَقْرَبٌ.

مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.

المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.

A2: See also what here follows, in two places.

شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ and ↓ مُقَرَّبٌ, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ and خَبَرٍ ↓ مُقَرَّبَةِ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.) مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر (tropical:) A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (S, O, K: *) and also a cheap thing: (S, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Msb:) you should not say ↓ مُقَارَبٌ, (ISk, S, O, Msb,) with fet-h: (ISk, Msb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], and ↓ مَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ with fet-h, (K, TA,) meaning [a commodity, &c.,] not precious. (TA.) مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.) b2: And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, K; *) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (K:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, K. *)

قبح

1 قَبُحَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. ↓ قُبْحٌ, (Msb, K,) [or this, accord. to the S, seems to be a simple subst.,] and قَبْحٌ (K) and قَبَاحَةٌ (S, K) and قُبُوحَةٌ and قُبُوحٌ and قُبَاحٌ, (K,) He, or it, (a form, and an action, L, and anything, T,) was, or became, bad, evil, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous; contr. of حَسُنَ. (S, Msb, K, TA, &c.) One says of a man, قَبُحَ وَشَقُحَ [app. using the latter v. as an imitative sequent]: and جَآءَ بِالقَبَاحَةِ وَالشَّقَاحَةِ [He did, or said, what was bad or evil &c.]. (K in art. شقح.) And ↓ اُقْبُحْ إِنْ كُنْتَ قَابِحًا Be thou bad or evil &c., if thou be desirous of becoming so: and قَوْقَ مَا قَبُحَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِقَابِحٍ He is not becoming bad &c., or will not become bad &c., above the degree in which he has become so: and in like manner one says in similar cases. (Lh, L.) A2: لَا تَقْبَحُوا الوَجْهَ, occurring in a trad., means Say not ye that the face is قَبِيح [i. e. unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous]; because God formed it: or the meaning is, say not ye قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَ فُلَانٍ

[expl. in what follows]. (L.) b2: And قَبَحَهُ اللّٰهُ, (S, A, Msb, K, TA, &c., [in the CK قَبَّحَهُ,]) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. قَبْحٌ and قُبُوحٌ, (Az, L, TA,) God removed him, or may God remove him, (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) far, (A, TA,) from good, or prosperity, (S, Msb, K,) or from all that is good; (L, TA;) [or from success, or the attainment of that which he deserves or seeks; (see the pass. part. n.;)] like as one does the dog and the pig: (Az, L, TA:) [or God drove him away, or may God drive him away, like a dog: or God rendered him, or may God render him, foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous, in form: (see, again, the pass. part. n.:)] and اللّٰهُ ↓ قَبَّحَهُ has a similar, but intensive, signification. (Msb.) One says, قَبْحًا لَهُ [an elliptical expression, a verb and its agent being understood, i. e., with these supplied, (May God decree) removal far from good, &c., to him; or (cause) removal &c. (to cleave) to him; meaning may removal &c. betide him]; (S;) and ↓ قُبْحًا (S, A) also, (S,) with damm; (A;) [i. e. foulness, unseemliness, unsightliness, ugliness, or hideousness;] and لَهُ وَشُقْحًا ↓ قُبْحًا; (L, K, TA;) and قَبْحًا لَهُ وَشَقْحًا; in which شقحا is [said to be] an imitative sequent. (L, TA: but see art. شقح.) b3: قَبَحْتُ لَهُ وَجْهَهُ, [thus,] without teshdeed, means I said to him, قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَكَ [i. e. May God remove thee far from good, &c., for وَجْهَكَ is here put for نَفْسَكَ, the phrase being] from القَبْحُ signifying

“ the removing far [from good, &c.]. ” (AA, L. [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. سبح, conj. 2.]) A3: And قَبَحَ (IAar, L, K, TA, [accord. to the CK قبّح, and so in one of two copies of the A, but the former is the right, as is shown by the form of the aor. in an ex. in the TA,]) He broke a purulent pustule (in his face, L,) in order that the matter might come forth: (L, K, TA:) or he squeezed a purulent pustule to express its contents before it was ripe: (A, TA:) and [in like manner] he broke an egg, (K,) or anything. (L.) 2 قبّحهُ He (i. e. God) rendered him, or it, bad, evil, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous. (L.) b2: See also the preceding paragraph, near the middle. b3: And He rejected, or reprobated, what he said, as bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly. (L.) b4: And قبّح عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَقْبِيحٌ, (S, K,) He showed, or declared, his deed to be bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly: (K:) said when a deed is such as is blamed. (Msb.) 3 قابحهُ, (A,) inf. n. مُقَابَحَةٌ, (K, TA,) with which مُكَابَحَةٌ is syn., (TA,) He reviled, or vilified, him, being reviled, or vilified, by him; or he vied, or contended, with him in reviling, or vilifying (A, K. *) 4 اقبح He did [or said] what was bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly. (S, A, K.) A2: مَا أَقْبَحَ وَجْهَهُ is said in reviling a man [as meaning How foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous, is his face!]. (Ham p. 138.) 10 استقبحهُ He regarded him, or it, as bad, evil, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous; (TA;) contr. of استحسنهُ. (S, * K.) قُبْحٌ [either an inf. n. or a simple subst.; much used as a simple subst., and ↓ مَقَابِحُ, q. v., may be an anomalous pl. thereof, like as مَحَاسِنُ is said to be of its contr. حُسْنٌ]: see 1, first sentence; and again, in two places, in the latter half.

القَبَاحُ: see the next following paragraph.

قَبِيحٌ Bad, evil, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous; contr. of حَسَنٌ; (S, L, Msb, K, &c.;) applied to a form, and to an action, (L,) and to anything: (T:) pl. قِبَاحٌ and قَبَاحَى and قَبْحَى: fem. قَبِيحَةٌ; pl. قَبَائِحُ and قِبَاحٌ. (K.) b2: نَاقَةٌ قَبِيحَةٌ الشُّخْبِ A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats. (A, K.) b3: القَبِيحُ [is said to signify] The extremity of the bone of the elbow; (S, TA;) so in the T; and the إِبْرَة is another small bone, the head of which is large, and the rest of it small, [the former, i. e. the head.] compactly joined to the قَبِيح: (TA:) or [it is more correctly expl. as] the extremity of the bone of the upper half of the arm, next the elbow; (K, TA;) the extremity next the shoulderjoint being called الحَسَنُ, because of the abundance of the flesh that is upon it: (TA:) or the (??) part of the upper half of the arm; the upper part being called الحَسَنُ: (Fr. TA:) or the قَبِيحَانِ are the two slender ends that are at the heads of the ذِرَاعَانِ [here meaning the two bones of the fore arm; (TA:) or the قَبِيح is the place of junction [of the bones] of the shank and the thigh, (K, TA,) which are termed قَبِيحَانِ; (TA;) and it is also called ↓ القَبَاحُ: (K, TA:) accord. to A'Obeyd, كِسْرُ قَبِيحٍ, (L, TA,) which is composed of two syn. words, one prefixed to the other, governing it in the gen. case, (L,) signifies the bone of the سَاعِد [here meaning the upper half of the arm] from the part next the middle to the elbow. (L, TA; and thus it is expl. in the S and K in art. كسر.) قُبَّاحٌ A bear (K, TA) that is extremely aged, or old and weak. (TA.) قَابِحٌ [as part, n. of قَبُحَ]: see 1, first quarter, in two places.

مَقْبُوحٌ, of which the pl. occurs in the Kur [xxviii. 42]. (S, L, Msb,) Removed (S, Msb, K, TA) far (TA) from good, or prosperity, (S, K,) or from all that is good: (L, TA;) or from success, or the attainment of that which he desires or seeks; (Msb;) like as are the dog and the pig: (Az, L, TA:) or driven away like a dog: (ISd, TA:) or rendered foul, unseemly, unsightly, ugly, or hideous, in form. (I'Ab, TA.) [See also مَشْقُوحٌ, in the first paragraph of art. شقح.]

مَقَابِحُ Bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly, qualities or dispositions [&c.]; contr. of [مَحَاسِنُ and] مَمَادِحُ. (L. [See قُبْحٌ.])

قرد

1 قَرِدَ, aor. ـَ (S, L, K,) inf. n. قَرَدٌ, (S, L), It (wool) fell off by degrees from the sheep, and became compacted in lumps, or clotted: (S:) or it (wool, L, and hair, L, K) became contracted together, (L, K,) and knotted in its extremities; (L;) as also ↓ تقرّد. (L, K.) b2: It (a tanned skin) became worm-eaten. (S, K.) A2: (tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, silent by reason of impotence of speech; (S, K;) as also ↓ اقرد and ↓ قرّد: (K:) or he was, or became, abject, and humble, or submissive: or, acc. to IAar ↓ اقرد signifies he (a man) was, or became, silent by reason of abjectness: [see also خرِدَ:] or, acc. to another, he was, or became, still and abject. (TA.) See اقرد below. The verbs are used in these senses because, when a raven or crow lights upon a camel and picks off the ticks (قرْدَان), the beast remains still on account of the ease which it occasions him. (TA.) A3: قَرَدَ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. قَرْدٌ, (L,) He collected together, and gained, (L, K,) for his family. (L.) [You say] قَرَدَ فِى

السِّقَآءِ He collected clarified butter in the skin; (L, K;) as also قَرَدَ سَمْنًا فى السِّقَآءِ: (S, L:) or he collected milk in the skin. (L, K.) See also قَلَدَ.2 قرّدهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيدٌ, (K,) He plucked off his (a camel's, S, A) قِرْدَان [or ticks]: (S, A, K:) it (a raven, or crow) lighted upon him (a camel), and picked off his قِرْدَان [or ticks]. (A.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) He rendered him (a camel, L,) submissive, or tractable: (L, K:) because a camel, when he is freed from his ticks (قِرْدَان), becomes quiet. (L.) [And, of a camel (?) it is said,] قرّد, (tropical:) he became submissive, and tractable. (K.) [And] قرّدهُ, (A, L, K,) and ↓ نَزَعَ قُرَادَهُ, (A,) [signify] (tropical:) He beguiled him (S, A, L, K) and wheedled, or cajoled, him; (L;) because a man, when he desires to take a refractory camel, first plucks off his ticks (يُقَرِّدُهُ). (S, L.) See also قَرِدَ.4 اقرد He (a camel) became still, quiet, or tranquil, in consequence of his having his ticks pulled off. (A.) [And hence] (tropical:) He (a camel) went at a gentle pace, not shaking, or jolting, his rider. (A.) b2: (tropical:) He was, or became, silent, (K,) still, or quiet, (S, K,) and submissive, (K,) and feigned himself dead. (S, K. See قَرِدَ in two places.) b3: (tropical:) He (a man) clave to the ground by reason of abjectness, or submissiveness. (A.) See art. خَرِدَ.5 تقرّد, see قَرِدَ b2: It (flour) became heaped up, one part upon another. (L, from a trad.) قِرْدٌ [The ape; the monkey; and the baboon;] a certain animal, (TA,) well known: (L, K:) fem. with ة: (S, L, Msb:) pl. [of pauc., of the masc.,] أَقْرُدٌ, (L, Msb,) and أَقْرَادٌ, (L, K,) and [of mult., of the same,] قُرُودٌ and قِرَدَةٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) and [quasi-pl. n.] قَرِدَةٌ; (K;) and pl. of the fem., (S, L, Msb,) قِرَدٌ. (S, L, Msb, K.) Hence the proverb أَزْنَى مِنْ قِرْدٍ [More incontinent than an ape]; because the قِرْد is the most incontinent of animals: (K:) such is generally said to be the meaning of this proverb: (TA:) or (accord. to A'Obeyd, S, L) by قرد is here meant a man of the tribe of Hudheyl, named Kird, the son of Mo'áwiyeh. (S, L, K.) A2: اِبْنُ القِرْدِ The حَوْدَل. (TA in art. بنى.) قَرَدٌ [a coll. gen. n.] Refuse of wool; (L, K;) afterwards applied also to soft hair (وَبَر), and other hair, and flax: (L:) or soft hair and wool that fall off by degrees from the animals, and become compacted in lumps, or clotted: (L, K:) or refuse of wool, and what falls off by degrees from the sheep, and becomes compacted in lumps, or clotted: (S:) or bad wool: (R:) or the worst of wool and soft hair, and what is picked up thereof from the ground: (Nh:) a piece thereof is termed قَرَدَةٌ. (S.) It is said in a proverb, عَكَرَتْ عَلَى الغَزْلِ بِأَخَرَةٍ فَلَمْ تَدَعْ بِنَجْدٍ قَرَدَةٌ, عَكَرَتْ meaning عَطَفَتْ, [She returned to spinning at last, and left not in Nejd a piece of refuse of wool]: (S, L:) in the K, عَثَرَتْ is put for عَكَرَتْ; and both readings are mentioned by the relaters of proverbs: [عثرت على الغزل app. signifies she applied herself by chance to spinning:] the proverb is applied to him who neglects a needful business when it is possible, and seeks to accomplish it when it is beyond his reach: (K:) its origin is the fact, that a woman neglects spinning while she finds that which she may spin, (of cotton or flax &c., L,) until, when it is beyond her reach, she seeks for refuse of wool among sweepings and rubbish. (L, K.) b2: Also, Palmbranches stripped of their leaves: n. un. with ة. (K.) b3: Also, A thing like down, sticking to the [plant called] طُرْثُوث. (K.) b4: Also, Little things, [i. e., little flocks of clouds,] less than [what are termed] سَحَاب [or clouds in the common acceptation of the term] not conjoined; as also ↓ مُتَقَرِّدٌ; (K;) in some copies of the K ↓ مُتَقَرِّدَةٌ. (TA.) See also قَرِدٌ.

A2: Also, A hesitation in speech; (El-Hejeree, L, K;) because a man who hesitates in his speech is silent respecting somewhat of that which he would say. (L.) See also قَرِدَ.

قَرِدٌ Wool sticking together, and compacted in a lump or lumps: (A:) wool, and hair, contracted together, and knotted in its extremities. (L.) b2: [Hence,] a cloud, or collection of clouds, dissundered, in the tracts of the sky, in parts, or portions, one upon another; cirro-cumulus: (S, L:) or of which the several portions are compacted together, (M, K,) one upon another; likened to soft hair such as is thus termed: (M:) or compacted in lumps, not smooth; as also ↓ مُتَقَرِّدٌ. (AHn.) See also قَرِدٌ. b3: قَرِدُ الخَصِيلِ A horse [compact in frame;] not lax. (L, K.) A2: A camel [&c.] abounding with قِرْدَان [or ticks]. (K.) A3: And قَرِدٌ [an epithet used as a subst.] Accumulated foam which the camel casts forth from his mouth. (TA in art. توج. See an ex. in that art. voce مَتَاوِجُ.) قَرْدَدٌ (in which the second د is not incorporated into the first because the word is quasi-coordinate to the class of those of the measure فَعْلَلٌ, S, L,) Elevated ground; (L, K;) as also ↓ قُرْدُودَةٌ: (K:) or elevated and rugged ground; as also ↓ قُرْدُودٌ: (L:) or a rugged and elevated place; (S, L;) as also ↓ قُرْدُودٌ: (S:) or a tract similar to what is termed قُفّ: (As:) or a prominent portion of ground by the side of a depressed place, or hollow: (M:) also, even, or plain, ground: (L:) pl. قَرَادِدُ and قَرَادِيدُ; (S, L, K;) the latter form being adopted from a dislike to [the concurrence of] the two dáls: (S, L:) Sb says, that قَرَادِيدُ is a pl. of قَرْدَدٌ; but as one also says قُرْدُودٌ, there is no reason for this assertion: (L:) ISh says, that ↓ قُرْدُودَةٌ signifies elevated and rugged ground producing little herbage, and all of it gibbous: and Sh, that it signifies an extended strip [of ground], like the قردودة of the back. (TA.) قُرْدُودٌ: see قَرْدَدٌ, in two places.

قُرْدُودَةٌ: see قَرْدَدٌ. b2: قُرْدُودَةُ الظَّهْرِ The upper, or highest, part of the back (L, K) of any beast of carriage: (L:) or the withers; syn. سِيسَآءٌ: (As, L:) or the elevated portion of the part called the ثَبَج; (S, L;) also called قُرْدُودَةُ الثَّبَجِ. (L.) b3: قُرْدُودَةُ الشِّتَآءِ The severity and sharpness of winter: (K:) or its sterility and severity. (Aboo-Málik, L.) قُرَادٌ [a coll. gen. n., The tick; or ticks;] a certain insect, (L, K,) well known, (L,) that clings to camels and the like, (Msb,) [and to dogs &c.,] and bites them; (L;) it is, to them, like the louse to man: (Msb:) [see also حَلَمَةٌ and حَمْنَانٌ:] n. un. with ة: (Msb:) pl. (of pauc., TA,) أَقْرِدَةٌ, (L,) and (of mult., L,) قِرْدَانٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and قُرُدٌ: (L:) قُرْدٌ also signifies the same as قُرَادٌ, (K,) or is a contraction of the pl. قُرُدٌ. (L.) أَذَلُّ مِنْ قُرَادٍ and أَسْفَلُ من قراد [Viler than a tick] are proverbial sayings. (TA.) A2: القُرَادُ, (K,) or قُرَادُ الثَّدْىِ, (L,) or قُرَادُ الصَّدْرِ, (S, A,) (tropical:) The nipple (حَلَمَة) of the breast: (S, A, L, K:) called قُرَادٌ and حَلَمَةٌ as being likened. to a large tick: (Mgh in art. حلم:) the nipple of the dug of a mare. (K.) A3: أَمُّ القِرْدَانِ The place between the fetlock and hoof of a horse: (S, L:) also, the part between the phalanges (سُلَامَيَات) of the foot of a camel. (L.) b2: See also 2.

قَرُودٌ A camel that does not impatiently avoid having his ticks (قِرْدَان,) plucked off. (L, K.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) a still, or quiet, man. (A.) قَرَّادٌ A trainer of the قِرْد [or ape, monkey, or baboon]. (K.) مُتَقَرِّدٌ: see قَرَدٌ and قَردٌ.

مُتَقَرِّدَةٌ: see قَرَدٌ.