رهدن

Q. 1 رَهْدَنَ, (TA,) inf. n. رَهْدَنَةٌ, (K, TA,) He circled in walking [like the bird called رَهْدَنٌ]: (K, TA:) or he was as though he circled in his gait. (Az, TA.) See رَهْدَنٌ. b2: He was, or became, slow, tardy, dilatory, late, or backward. (K, TA.) And He was, or became, restricted, or limited. (K, TA.) A poet, cited by IAar to Th, says, فَجِئْتُ بِالنَّقْدِ وَلَمْ أُرَهْدِنْ i. e. [And I brought the cash, or ready money, and] was not slow, or tardy, &c., and was not restricted, or limited, with it. (TA.) رَهْدَنٌ (S, K) and ↓ رُهْدَنٌ and ↓ رِهْدَنٌ (K) A certain bird, in Mekkeh, like the عُصْفُور [or sparrow]; (S, K;) as also ↓ رَهْدَنَةٌ, and ↓ رُهْدُنَّةٌ and ↓ رُهْدُونٌ: (K:) and a certain bird resembling the جُمَّر, [which is said by Es-Sakháwee, cited in the Msb in art. حمر, to be the قُبَّر, i. e. lark,] except that it is أَدْبَس [i. e. brown, or of a colour between black and red, or of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour, in which are redness and blackness], and is larger than the حُمَّر; as also ↓ رَهْدَنَةٌ: (S, TA:) pl. رَهَادِنُ: (S, K:) and رَهْدَلٌ, pl. رَهَادِلُ, signifies the same: (TA:) or the ↓ رُهْدُنَّة is a bird resembling the قُنْبُرَة [or lark], that moves as though circling (كَأَنَّهَا تَسْتَدِيرُ ↓ تُرَهْدِنُ) in her gait: (JK:) and accord. to the L, in art. حضب, the رَهْدَن is the قُنْبُر [or lark]. (TA in that art.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A coward: (K, TA:) as being likened to the bird so called. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or under-standing: (K:) or so the first word (رَهْدَنٌ): or a weak man: (JK:) pl. رَهَادِنَةٌ. (TA.) رُهْدَنٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رُهْدُنٌ, without teshdeed, (assumed tropical:) A heavy [or slow] man. (JK.) رِهْدَنٌ: see رَهْدَنٌ.

رَهْدَنَةٌ and رُهْدُنَّةٌ: see رَهْدَنٌ; for each in two places.

رُهْدُونٌ: see رَهْدَنٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A liar. (K.)

سبرت

Q. 1 سَبْرَتَ He begged; and became lowly, humble, or submissive; or affected to be like the مَسَاكِين [or destitute, or needy, &c.]; syn. قَنَعَ; (K, TA; [omitted in the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K erroneously written قَنِعَ;]) and تَمَسْكَنَ. (TA.) سُبْرُتٌ: see سُبْرُوتٌ.

سِبْرَاتٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

سُبْرُوتٌ A desert, syn. قَفْرٌ, (S, K,) or a plain, syn. قَاعٌ, (M,) in which is no herbage: (M, K:) or weak land: (TA:) and أَرْضٌ سُبْرُوتٌ and ↓ سِبْرِيتٌ (As, Lh, M) and ↓ سِبْرَاتٌ (M) Land in which is no herbage; (M;) or land in which is nothing: (As, Lh, M:) pl. سَبَارِيتُ and سَبَارٍ, the latter anomalous, mentioned by Lh: (M:) accord. to A'Obeyd, the pl. سَبَارِيتُ signifies deserts, or waterless deserts, (فَلَوَاتٌ,) in which is nothing: and accord. to As, land [or lands] in which nothing grows: (TA:) and one says also أَرْضٌ سَبَارِيتُ, (M, K,) a phrase of the same class as ثَوْبٌ أَخْلَاقٌ, (K,) as though the sing. سُبْرُوتٌ or سِبْرِيتٌ were applied to every portion thereof. (M.) b2: Hence, (TA,) applied to a man, (Az, S, TA,) Needy, in want, indigent, (Az, As, S, M, K, TA,) poor, (Az, As, K, TA,) possessing little, (M, TA,) or, as some say, possessing nothing; (S, * M, TA;) and ↓ سِبْرِيتٌ signifies the same, (Az, S, M, K,) as also ↓ سِبْرَاتٌ, and ↓ سُبْرُتٌ: (M, K:) also bankrupt, or insolvent; syn. مُفْلِسٌ: (TA in explanation of the first [but equally applying to all]:) the epithet applied to a woman is سُبْرُوتَةٌ and ↓ سِبْرِيتَةٌ; (Az, S;) the latter of which is applied to a man [app. in intensive sense, agreeably with analogy,] as well as to a woman: (M:) and the pl. is سَبَارِيتُ, applied to men and to women. (Az, S.) b3: [Hence, also,] applied to a youth, or young man, Beardless; or having no hair upon the sides of his face. (M, K, TA. [In the K, this signification is immediately followed by the mention of the pls. سَبَارِيتُ and سَبَارٍ.]) b4: And Little, or small, in quantity or number; (S, M, K;) paltry, or inconsiderable: (K:) applied to a thing, (S, K,) and (S) to property, or cattle. (S, M.) b5: Also Tall, or long. (M, TA.) b6: And A skilful, or an expert, guide, well acquainted with the lands. (TA.) It is mentioned by Sb, who says that it is of measure فُعْلُولٌ, like زُنْبُورٌ and عُصْفُورٌ; and most hold him to be right: but some of the authors on inflection assert that it is of the measure فُعْلُوتٌ, from سَبَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ meaning “ I tried, proved, or tested, the thing, or proved it by experiment or experience; ” and that the ت is added to give intensiveness to the signification; which several deny: (MF, TA:) سُبْرُورٌ, however, is mentioned in the K, in art. سبر, as meaning “ poor,” and land “ in which is no herbage. ” (TA.) سِبْرِيتٌ and سِبْرِيتَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

سَنْبَرِيتٌ A man (TA) of evil disposition or nature. (K, TA: but omitted in the CK.) مُسَبْرَتٌ Bald, or bare of hair. (K, TA: but omitted in the CK.)

تا

تَا fem. of ذَا; (M;) i. q. ذِهْ [This and that]; (T;) a noun of indication, denoting that which is female or feminine; like ذَا (S, K) applied to that which is male or masculine; (S;) and you say also تِهْ, like ذِهْ: (S, K:) the dual is تَانِ: and the pl., أُولَآءِ. (S, K.) En-Nábighah [Edh-Dhubyánee] says, (T, S,) excusing himself to En-Noamán [Aboo-Káboos], whom he had satirized, (TA,) هَا إِنَّ تَا عِذْرَةٌ إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ نَفَعَتْ فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَهَا قَدْ تَاهَ فِى البَلَدِ [Now verily this is an excuse: if it profit not, then verily its author has lost his way in the desert, or in the waterless desert]: (T, S: but in the latter, لا is put in the place of لم:) تا here points to the قَصِيدَة [or ode]; and عذرة is a subst from اِعْتِذَارٌ; and تاه means تَحَيَّرَ; and البلد means المَفَازَة. (TA.) The dim. of تَا is تَيَّا, (T, S, M, K,) which is anomalous, like ذَيَّا the dim. of ذَا, &c. (I'Ak p. 343. [Much has been written respecting the formation of this dim. to reduce it to something like rule, but I pass it over as, in my opinion, unprofitable and unsatisfactory; and only refer to what is said respecting the duals أُلَيَّا and أُلَيَّآءِ in art. الى. See an ex. voce مِرَّةٌ.] b2: هَا is prefixed to it (T, S, K) [as an inceptive particle] to give notice of what is about to be said, (S,) so that one says هَاتَا [meaning This], (T, S, K,) as in هَاتَا فُلَانَةُ [This is such a woman]; (T;) and [in the dual] هَاتَانِ; and [in the pl.]

هٰؤُلَآءِ: and the dim. is هَاتَيَّا. (S.) b3: When you use it in addressing another person, you add to it ك [as a particle of allocution], and say تَاكَ (S, K) and تِيكَ and تِلْكَ (T, S, K) and تَلْكَ, which is a bad dial. var., (S, K,) and تَالِكَ, (T, S,) which is the worst of these: (T:) [all meaning That:] the dual is تَانِكَ and تَانِّكَ, the latter with tesh-deed, (S, K, [but in some copies of the S, only the latter is mentioned,]) and تَالِكَ [which, like تَانِّكَ, is dual of تِلْكَ or تَلْكَ, which are contractions of تَالِكَ; these two duals being for تَانِلِكَ, the original, but unused, form]: (K:) the pl. is أُولٰئِكَ [or أُولَآئِكَ] and أُولَاكَ and أُولَالِكَ [respecting all of which see أُلَى, in art. الى]: (S, K:) and the dim. is تَيَّاكَ and تَيَّالِكَ: (K: [in the TA, the latter is erroneously written تَيّانِكَ:]) the ك relates to the person or persons whom you address, masc. and fem. and dual and pl.: [but in addressing a female, you may say تَاكِ &c.; in addressing two persons, تَاكُمَا &c.; in addressing more than two males, تَاكُمْ &c.; and in addressing more than two females, تَاكُنَّ &c.:] what precedes the ك relates to the person [or thing] indicated, masc. and fem. and dual and pl. (S.) b4: هَا is also prefixed to تِيكَ and تَاكَ, so that one says, هَاتِيكَ هِنْدُ and هَاتَاكَ هِنْدُ [This, or that, is Hind]. (S, K. *) Abu-n-Nejm says, جِئْنَا نُحَيِّيكَ وَنَسْتَجْدِيكَا فَافْعَلْ بِنَا هَاتَاكَ أَوْ هَاتِيكَا meaning [We have come saluting thee and seeking of thee a gift: then do thou to us] this or that: [give us] a salutation or a gift. (S.) The هَا that is used to give notice of what is about to be said is not prefixed to تلك because the ل is made a substitute for that ها: (S, TA:) or, as IB says, they do not prefix that ها to ذٰلِكَ and تِلْكَ because the ل denotes the remoteness of that which is indicated and the ها denotes its nearness, so that the two are incompatible. (TA.) A2: تَا and تآءٌ Names of the letter ت: see that letter, and see arts. توأ and تى.

A3: تَا and تَأَا or تَآ for تَشَآء: see (near its end) art. ا.

فرنق

Q. 2 تَفَرْنَقَ He was, or became, bad; (K, TA;) said of a camel: (TA:) and so تَفَرْنَقَت said of a sheep or goat (شَاة). (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) A2: And أُذُنُهُ تَفَرْنَقَتْ His ear became raised. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) فُرْنُقٌ Bad; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) applied to the عَرِيف [or chief, superintendent, or manager of the affairs,] of a people or party: and so ↓ مُتَفَرْنِقُ applied to a camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) فُرَانِقٌ The بَرِيد, i. e., (IDrd, S, O,) the warner before the lion; (S, O, K;) a certain beast of prey, [sometimes called by us the lion's provider,] that cries out before the lion, as though warning men of his presence; said to resemble the jackal (اِبْنُ آوَى); (IDrd, TA;) and said to be the jackal [itself]; but some say otherwise: (TA voce بَرِيدٌ:) a Pers\. word, (IDrd, S, O,) arabicized, (IDrd, S, O, K,) originally فَرْوَانَهُ [or پَرْوَانَه], (IDrd, TA,) or originally پَرْوَانَك: (S, O, K:) said by AHát to be [also] called the وَعْوَع. (TA.) b2: And (hence, TA) The guide of the messenger on a beast of the post. (O, K, TA.) And sometimes The guide of an army was thus called. (S, TA.) b3: And, (O, K,) accord. to some, (O,) it signifies The lion [himself]. (O, K.) مُتَفَرْنِقٌ: see فُرْنُقٌ.

دهقن

Q. 1 دَهْقَنَ: see the next paragraph.

A2: دَهْقَنُوهُ, (inf. n. دَهْقَنَةٌ, TK,) They made him a دِهْقَان. (K.) El-'Ajjáj says, دُهْقِنَ بِالتَّاجِ وَبِالتَّسْوِيرِ [He was made a دهقان by receiving the تاج (meaning either crown or turban) and by being decked with bracelets]. (TA.) b2: دَهْقَنَ الطَّعَامَ, (A'Obeyd, TA,) inf. n. دَهْقَنَةٌ, with which دَهْمَقَةٌ is syn., (As, TA,) He made the food soft, or delicate: (As, A'Obeyd, TA:) because softness, or delicacy, of food is from الدَّهْقَنَةُ [as meaning التَّدَهْقُن]. (As, TA.) Q. 2 تَدَهْقَنَ He was, or became, a دِهْقَان: (S, K, Mgh, TA:) or he had, or possessed, much wealth; as also ↓ دَهْقَنَ [app. in both of these senses]: (Msb:) derived from دِهْقَانٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also He affected, or feigned, or made a show of, sharpness or quickness of intellect, cleverness, ingeniousness, skilfulness, knowledge, or intelligence; syn. تَكَيَّسَ. (TA.) دَهْقَنَةٌ [inf. n. of Q. 1: and signifying The state, or condition, of a دِهْقَان;] a subst from دِهْقَانٌ; (JK, K;) derived from the latter word. (Mgh.) You say, لَهُ دَهْقَنَةٌ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا [He has a state, or condition, which is that of a دِهْقَان in such a place. (S.) دِهْقَانٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) also written دُهْقَانٌ, (JK, Msb, K,) in [some of] the copies of the S written [دِهْقَانٌ and دَهْقَانٌ,] with kesr and fet-h, [thus written in one of my copies of the S,] and said by AO [as there cited] to be like قرطاس, which is written with each of the three vowels, (TA,) an arabicized word, (S, Msb, K,) from the Pers\. [دِهْ “a town or village” and خَانْ “a prince or lord”]; (TA;) if derived from تَدَهْقَنَ, (Kh, Sb, S,) i. e. if the ن be regarded as radical, perfectly decl. [and written as above]; (Kh, Sb, S;) but if derived from الدَّهْقُ, imperfectly decl. [and written دِهْقَانُ &c.], because of the measure فعلانُ; (S;) [but this statement relates especially to the measure فَعْلَان, with fet-h to the ف; except in the case of a proper name; and an epithet of this measure, moreover, that forms its fem. by the addition of ة, as دهقان does, is perfectly decl.; and it should be observed also, that,] accord. to IJ, دهقان is of the measure فعلال, from تَدَهْقَنَ, and there is no instance, in the language, of the measure تَفَعْلَنَ; (Har p. 102;) it signifies The headman, or chief, of a village or town: (Es-Sem'ánee, Msb, TA: [agreeably with the Pers\. original:]) or the proprietor thereof, in Khurásán and El-' Irák: (Es-Sem'ánee, TA:) or, as used by the Arabs, a great man of the unbelievers of the ' Ajam [or Persians]: but they disdained this appellation: (Mgh:) Lth says that it is a nickname, or name of reproach: (TA:) it became predominantly applied to such of them as was of the people of the districts of cultivated land and of villages or towns: and then to anyone possessing much land or other immoveable property: (Mgh:) [it signifies generally a dweller, or one having a fixed abode, in a district of cultivated land, or in a village or town of such a district; a rustic; a husbandman:] or it signifies a chief, headman, or person in authority, over the husbandmen, or peasants, of the 'Ajam [or Persians]: and the headman of a province: (K:) and a possessor of land or other immoveable property: (Msb:) and a merchant: (Msb, K:) and one who manages affairs firmly, or strongly, with sharpness: (K:) the fem. is with ة: (JK, Mgh, K:) and the pl. is دَهَاقِينُ (Msb, K) and دَهَاقِنَةٌ. (K.) [See a verse cited voce جَذَا in art. جذو. The same verse, but with قَرْيَتِى (my village or town) in the place of قَرْيَةٍ, is also cited in the TA in the present art.]