شعر

1 شَعَرَ بِهِ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) and شَعُرَ بِهِ, (K,) which latter is disallowed by some, but both are correct, though the former is the [more] chaste, (TA,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِعْرٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and شَعْرٌ (K, TA) and شَعَرٌ, (TA, and so in the CK in the place of شَعْرٌ,) but the first is the most common, (TA,) and شِعْرَةٌ (Msb, K) and شَعْرَةٌ and شُعْرَةٌ, (K,) of which last three the first is the most common, (TA,) and شِعْرَى and شُعْرَى (K) and شَعْرَى (TA) and شُعُورٌ (Msb, K) and شُعُورَةٌ, (K,) which is said to be the inf. n. of شَعُرَ, (TA,) and مَشْعُورٌ and مَشْعُورَةٌ (Lh, K) and مَشْعُورَآءُ, (K,) which is of extr. form, (TA,) He knew it; knew, or had knowledge, of it; was cognizant of it; or understood it; (S, * A, Msb, K, TA;) as also شَعَرَ لَهُ: (Lh, TA:) or he knew the minute particulars of it: or he perceived it by means of [any of] the senses. (TA.) Lh mentions the phrase أَشْعُرُ فُلَانًا مَا عَمِلَهُ and أَشْعُرُ لِفُلَانٍ مَا عَمِلَهُ [I know what such a one did or has done], and مَا شَعَرْتُ فُلَانًا مَا عَمِلَهُ [I knew not what such a one did], as on the authority of Ks, and says that they are forms of speech used by the Arabs. (TA.) [See also شِعْرٌ, below.] b2: شَعَرَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. شِعْرٌ and شَعْرٌ, (K, TA,) or شَعَرٌ, (so accord. to the CK instead of شَعْرٌ,) He said, or spoke, or gave utterance to, poetry; spoke in verse; poetized; or versified; syn. قَالَ شِعْرًا; [for poetry was always spoken by the Arabs in the classical times; and seldom written, if written at all, until after the life-time of the author;] (A, Msb, K;) as also شَعُرَ: (K:) or the latter signifies he made good, or excellent, poetry or verses; (K, MF;) and this is the signification more commonly approved, as being more agreeable with analogy: (MF:) or the latter signifies he was, or became, a poet; (S;) as also شَعِرَ, aor. ـَ (TA.) One says, شَعَرْتُ لِفُلَانٍ I said, or spoke, poetry, &c., to such a one. (TS, O, TA.) And لَوْ شَعُرَ بِنَقْصِهِ لَمَا شَعَرَ [Had he known his deficiency, he had not spoken poetry, or versified]. (A.) A2: شَاعَرَهُ فَشَعَرَهُ: see 3.

A3: شَعَرَ as a trans. verb syn. with اشعر: see 4. b2: As syn. with شاعر: see 3.

A4: شَعِرَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَرٌ, (TA,) His (a man's, TA) hair became abundant (K, TA) and long: (TA:) and said likewise of a goat, or other hairy animal, his hair became abundant. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He possessed slaves. (Lh, K.) 2 شعّر as an intrans. verb: see 4: b2: and as a trans. verb also: see 4.3 شَاْعَرَ ↓ شَاعَرَهُ فَشَعَرَهُ, (S, K,) aor. of the latter شَعَرَ, that is with fet-h, (S, MF,) accord. to Ks, who holds it to be thus even in this case, where superiority is signified, on account of the faucial letter; or, accord. to most, شَعُرَ, agreeably with the general rule; (MF;) He vied, or contended, with him in poetry, and he surpassed him therein. (S, K, MF.) A2: And شاعرهُ, (S,) and شاعرها, (A, Msb, K,) and ↓ شَعَرَهَا, (A, K,) He slept with him, and with her, (نَاوَمَهُ, S, and نَامَ مَعَهَا, Msb, K, or ضَاجَعَهَا, A,) in one شِعَار [or innermost garment]. (S, A, Msb, K.) A3: [Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, explains شاعر as signifying also Tractavit, prensavit, vellicavit: but without naming any authority.]4 اشعرهُ He made him to know. (S.) Yousay, اشعرهُ بِالأَمْرِ and الأَمْرَ, (K,) the latter of which is less usual than the former, because one says شَعَرَ بِهِ but not شَعَرَهُ, (MF,) He aquainted him with the affair; made him to know it. (K.) And أَشْعَرْتُ أَمْرَ فَلَانٍ I made known the affair of such a one. (A.) And أَشْعَرْتُ فُلَانًا I made such a one notorious for an evil deed or quality. (A.) b2: Also, (inf. n. إِشْعَارٌ, Msb,) He marked it, namely a beast destined for sacrifice at Mekkeh, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, TA,) by stabbing it in the right side of its hump so that blood flowed from it, (S,) or by making a slit in its skin, (K,) or by stabbing it (K, TA) in one side of its hump with a مِبْضَع or the like, (TA,) so that the blood appeared, (K, TA,) or by making an incision in its hump so that the blood flowed, (Msb,) in order that it might be known to be destined for sacrifice. (S, Msb.) b3: [Hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) He wounded him so as to cause blood to come. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting the assassination of 'Othmán, أَشْعَرَهُ مِشْقَصًا (assumed tropical:) He wounded him so as to cause blood to come with a مشقص [q. v.]: (TA:) and in another trad., أَشْعِرَ أَمِيرُ المُؤْمِنِينَ (assumed tropical:) [The Prince of the Faithful was wounded so that blood came from him]. (S.) b4: And (tropical:) He pierced him with a spear so as to make the spearhead enter his inside: and اشعرهُ سِنَانًا (tropical:) he made the spear-head to enter into the midst of him: [but this is said to be] from اشعرهُ بِهِ “ he made it to cleave to it. ” (TA.) أَشْعِرَ is said specially of a king, meaning He was slain. (A, TA.) b5: Also He made it to be a distinguishing sign: as when the performance of a religious service is made, or appointed, by God to be a sign [whereby his religion is distinguished]. (TA.) b6: and اشعروا They called, uttering their شِعَار [whereby they might know one another]: or they appointed for themselves a شِعَار in their journey. (Lh, K, TA. [See also 10.]) A2: مَا أَشْعَرَهُ [How good, or excellent, a poet is he !]. (TA in art. خزى: see مُخْزٍ in that art.) A3: اشعر [from شَعْرٌ or شَعَرٌ signifying “ hair ”] It (a fœtus, S, A, K, in the belly of its mother, TA) had hair growing upon it; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ تشعّر; (S, K;) and ↓ شعّر, inf. n. تَشْعِيرٌ; and ↓ استشعر. (K.) b2: And اشعرت She (a camel) cast forth her fœtus with hair upon it. (Ktr, K.) b3: And اشعر He lined a boot, (A, K,) and a جُبَّة, (A,) and the مِيثَرَة of a horse's saddle, and a قَلَنْسُوَة, and the like, (TA,) with hair; (A, K;) as also ↓ شَعَرَ; (Lh, A, K;) and ↓ شعّر, (K,) inf. n. تَشْعِيرٌ: (TA:) or, said of a ميثرة, he covered it with hair. (A.) b4: and اشعرهُ He clad him with a شِعَار [i. e. an innermost garment]. (S, A, K.) And He put on him a garment as a شِعَار, i. e., next his body. (TA.) [Hence,] اشعرهُ فُلَانٌ شَرًّا (tropical:) Such a one involved him in evil. (S, A.) And اشعرهُ الحُبُّ مَرَضًا (assumed tropical:) [Love involved him in disease]. (S.) and اشعرهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) He made it (i. e. anything) to cleave, or stick, to it, [like the شِعَار to the body,] i. e., to another thing. (K.) b5: [And (assumed tropical:) It clave to him, or it, as the شِعَار cleaves to the body. Hence,] اشعرهُ الهَمُّ (tropical:) [Anxiety clave to him as the شِعَار cleaves to the body]. (A.) And اشعر الهَمُّ قَلْبِى (tropical:) Anxiety clave to my heart (K, TA) as the شِعَار cleaves to the body. (TA.) And أَشْعَرَ الرَّجُلُ هَمًّا (tropical:) The man clave to anxiety as the شِعَار cleaves to the body. (S, TA. [In one of my copies of the S, أُشْعِرَ, accord. to which reading, the phrase should be rendered The man was made to have anxiety cleaving to him &c.]) A4: اشعر السِّكِّينَ (tropical:) He put a شَعِيرَة [q. v.] to the knife. (S, A, K. *) 5 تَشَعَّرَ see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph.6 تشاعر He affected, or pretended, to be a poet, not being such. (See its part. n., below.)]10 استشعرت البَقَرَةُ The cow uttered a cry to her young one, desiring to know its state. (A, TA.) b2: And استشعروا They called, one to another, uttering the شِعَار [by which they were mutually known], in war, or fight. (TA. [See also 4.]) A2: استشعر as syn. with اشعر and تشعّر: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also, (A,) or استشعر شِعَارًا, (K,) He put on, or clad himself with, a شعار [i. e. an innermost garment]. (A, K.) [Hence,] اِسْتَشْعِرْ خَشْيَةَ اللّٰهِ (tropical:) Make thou the fear of God to be شِعَارَ قَلْبِكَ [i. e. the thing next to thy heart]. (TA.) And استشعر خَوْفًا (tropical:) He conceived in his mind fear. (S, A. *) شَعْرٌ and ↓ شَعَرٌ, (A, Msb, K, but only the latter in my copies of the S and in the O,) two wellknown dial. vars., the like being common in cases of this kind, in which the medial radical letter is a faucial, (MF,) [but the latter I have found to be the more common,] Hair; i. e. what grows upon the body, that is not صُوف nor وَبَر; (K;) it is an appertenance of human beings and of other animals: (S, A, Msb:) [when spoken of as used in the fabrication of cloth for tents &c., the meaning intended is goats' hair: (see 4 in art. بنى:)] of the masc. gender: (Msb, TA:) pl. (of the former, Msb) شُعُورٌ and (of the latter, Msb) أَشْعَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and (of the latter also, TA) شِعَارٌ: (K, TA:) and ↓ أُشَيْعَارٌ, properly dim. of أَشْعَارٌ, is used, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, as dim. of شُعُورٌ: (TA:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, A, * Msb, K:) and this, i. e. شَعْرَةٌ [or شَعَرَهٌ], is also used metonymically as a pl. (K, TA.) One says, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ المَالُ شَقُّ الشَّعْرَةِ and شَقُّ الأُبْلُمَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The property is, or shall be, equally divided between me and thee]. (TA.) And رَأَى فُلَانٌ الشَّعْرَةَ Such a one saw, or has seen, hoariness, or white hairs, (Yaakoob, S, A, TA,) upon his head. (TA.) b2: [The n. un.] شَعْرَةٌ is also used, metonymically, as meaning (tropical:) A daughter. (TA.) b3: And ↓ شَعَرٌ (K, and so accord. to the TA, but in the CK ↓ شُعْرٌ,) signifies also (tropical:) Plants and trees; (K, TA;) as being likened to hair. (TA.) b4: And the same, (A, K, TA, but in the CK ↓ شُعْرٌ,) (tropical:) Saffron (A, K) before it is pulverized. (A.) شُعْرٌ: see the next two preceding sentences.

شِعْرٌ [an inf. n., (see 1, first sentence,) and used as a simple subst. signifying] Knowledge; cognizance: (K, TA:) or knowledge of the minute particulars of things: or perception by means of [any of] the senses. (TA.) One says, لَيْتَ شِعْرِى فُلَانًا مَا صَنَعَ, (Ks, Lh, S, * Msb, * K, *) and لَيْتَ شِعْرِى لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ, and لَيْتَ شِعْرِى عَنْهُ مَا صَنَعَ, (Ks, Lh, K, *) i. e. Would that I knew what such a one did, or has done; (S, * K, * Msb, * TA;) for would that my knowledge were present at, or comprehending, what such a one did, or has done; the phrase being elliptical: (TA:) accord. to Sb, لَيْتَ شِعْرِى is for ليت شِعْرَتِى, the ة being elided as in هُوَ أَبُو عُذْرِهَا [for هو ابو عُذْرَتِهَا], (S, TA,) the elision of the ة in this latter instance, as Sb says, being peculiar to the case of the words being preceded by ابو; [but see عُذْرَةٌ;] and as in إِقَامَة when used as a prefixed noun; though لَيْتَ شِعْرَتِى is not now known to have been heard. (TA.) One says also, لَيْتَ شِعْرِى مَا كَانَ Would that I knew what happened, or has happened. (A.) b2: The predominant signification of شِعْرٌ is Poetry, or verse; (Msb, K;) because of its preeminence by reason of the measure and the rhyme; though every kind of knowledge is شِعْرٌ: (K:) or because it relates the minute affairs of the Arabs, and the occult particulars of their secret affairs, and their facetiæ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) it is properly defined as language qualified by rhyme and measure intentionally; which last restriction excludes the like of the saying in the Kur [xciv. 3 and 4], اَلَّذِى أَنْقَضَ ظَهْرَكْ وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكْ, because this is not intentionally qualified by rhyme and measure: (KT; and the like is said in the Msb:) and sometimes a single verse is thus termed: (Akh, TA:) pl. أَشْعَارٌ. (S, K.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Falsehood; because of the many lies in poetry. (B, TA.) شَعَرٌ: see شَعْرٌ, in two places.

شَعِرٌ: see أَشْعَرُ. b2: [The fem.] شَعِرَةٌ signifies [particularly] A sheep or goat (شَاةٌ) having hair growing between the two halves of its hoof, which in consequence bleed: or having an itching in its knees, (K, TA,) and therefore always scratching with them. (TA.) شَعْرَةٌ and شَعَرَةٌ ns. un. of شَعْرٌ [q. v.] and شَعَرٌ.

شِعْرَةٌ The hair of the pubes; (T, Msb, K;) as also ↓ شِعْرَآء, [accord. to general analogy with tenween,] or ↓ شَعْرَآء, [and if so, without tenween,] accord to different copies of the K; (TA;) of a man and of a woman; and of the hinder part of a woman: (T, Msb:) or the hair of the pubes of a woman, specially: (S, O, Msb:) and the pubes (عَانَة) [itself]: (K:) and the place of growth of the hair beneath the navel. (K, * TA.) b2: Also A portion of hair. (K, * TA.) الشِّعْرَى [The star Sirius;] a certain bright star, also called المِرْزَمُ; (TA; [but see this latter appellation;]) the star that rises [aurorally] after الجَوْزَآء [by which is here meant Gemini], in the time of intense heat, (S, TA,) and after الهَقْعَة [app. a mistranscription for الهَنْعَة]: (TA:) [about the epoch of the Flight, it rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, on the 13th of July, O. S.: (see النَّثْرَةُ; and see also مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:) on the periods of its rising at sunset, and setting aurorally, see دَبَرٌ and دَبُورٌ:] the Arabs say, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى جَعَلَ صَاحِبُ النَّخْلِ يَرَى [When Sirius rises aurorally, the owner of the palm-trees begins to see what their fruit will be]: (TA:) there are two stars of this name; الشِّعْرَى العَبُورُ and الشِّعْرَى الغُمَيْصَآءُ, (S, K,) together called الشِّعْرَيَانِ: the former is that [above mentioned] which is in [a mistake for “ after ”] الجَوْزَآء, and the latter is [Procyon,] in the ذِرَاع [by which is meant الذِّرَاعُ المَقْبُوضَةُ, not الذِّرَاعُ المَبْسُوطَةُ]; (S;) and both together are called the two Sisters of Suheyl (سُهَيْل [i. e. Canopus]): (S, K:) the former was worshipped by a portion of the Arabs; and hence God is said in the Kur-án to be Lord of الشِّعْرَى: (TA:) it is called العَبُور because of its having crossed the Milky Way; and the other is called الغُمَيْصَآء because said by the Arabs to have wept after the former until it had foul thick matter in the corner of the eye: (K in art. غمص:) the former is also called الشِّعْرَى اليَمَانِيَّةُ [the Yemenian, or Southern, شعرى]; and the latter, الشِّعْرَى الشَّامِيَّةُ [the Syrian, or Northern, شعرى]. (Kzw.) شَعْرَآءُ fem. of أَشْعَرُ [q. v.: under which head it is also mentioned either as a subst. or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant]. b2: See also شِعْرَةٌ.

شِعْرَآء [app., if correct, with tenween]: see شِعْرَةٌ.

شِعْرِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, poetry; poetical. b2: And also (assumed tropical:) False, or lying]. One says أَدِلَّةٌ شِعْرِيَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) False, or lying, evidences or arguments: because of the many lies in poetry. (B, TA.) A2: [and Of, or relating to, الشِّعْرَى, i. e. Sirius.] You say, رَعَيْنَا شِعْرِىَّ المَرَاعِى We pastured our cattle upon the herbage of which the growth was consequent upon the نَوْء [i. e. the auroral rising or setting] of الشِّعْرَى [or Sirius]. (A.) شَعَرِيَّاتٌ The young ones of the رَخَم [i. e. vultur percnopterus]. (K.) شَعْرَانُ: see أَشْعَرُ. b2: شَعْرَان [app. without tenween, being probably originally an epithet, also] signifies (assumed tropical:) The [shrub called] رِمْث, (K,) or a species thereof, (Tekmileh, TA,) green, inclining to dust-colour: (Tekmileh, K, TA:) or a species of [the kind of plants called] حَمْض, dust-coloured: (TA:) or حَمْض upon which hares feed, and in which they [make their forms, i. e.] lie, cleaving to the ground; it is like the large أُشْنَانَة [here app. used as the n. un. of أُشْنَانٌ, i. e. kali, or glasswort], has slender twigs, and appears from afar black. (AHn, TA.) شُعْرُورٌ [A poetaster]: see شَاعِرٌ.

A2: Also, accord. to analogy, sing. of شَعَارِيرُ, which is (assumed tropical:) Syn. with شُعْرٌ [as pl. of شَعْرَآءُ, q. v. voce أَشْعَرُ], meaning the flies that collect upon the sore on the back of a camel, and, when roused, disperse themselves from it. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] ذَهَبَ القَوْمُ شَعَارِيرَ (assumed tropical:) The people dispersed themselves, or became dispersed: (S:) and ذَهَبُوا شَعَارِيرَ بِقُذَّانَ, (K,) or بِقَذَّانَ, and بِقِذَّانَ, (TA,) and بِقِنْدَحْرَةَ, (K,) and بِقِنْذَحْرَةَ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) They went away in a state of dispersion, like flies: (K:) شعارير thus used being pl. of شُعْرُورٌ; (TA;) or having no sing. (Fr, Akh, S, TA.) And أَصْبَحَتْ شَعَارِيرَ بِقِرْدَحْمَةَ, and بِقِرْذَحْمَةَ, and بِقِنْدَحْرَةَ and بِقِدَّحْرَةَ, and بِقِذَّحْرَةَ, (assumed tropical:) They became beyond reach, or power. (Lh, TA.) b2: And the same pl. شَعَارِيرُ, having no sing., also signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain game (S, K, TA) of children. (TA.) You say, لَعِبْنَا الشَّعَارِيرَ [We played at the game of الشعارير]: and هٰذَا لَعِبُ الشَّعَارِيرِ [This is the game of الشعارير]. (S.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A sort of women's ornaments, like barley [-corns], made of gold and of silver, and worn upon the neck. (TA.) b4: And شُعْرُورَةٌ [n. un. of شُعْرُورٌ] signifies A small قِثَّآء [or cucumber]: pl. شَعَارِيرُ [as above]. (S, K.) شَعْرَانِىٌّ: see أَشْعَرُ.

A2: أَرْنَبٌ شَعْرَانِيَّةٌ A hare that feeds upon the شَعْرَان [q. v.], and that [makes its form therein, i. e.] lies therein, cleaving to the ground. (AHn, TA.) شَعَارٌ (tropical:) Trees; (ISk, Er-Riyáshee, S, A, K;) as also ↓ شِعَارٌ: (As, ISh, K:) or tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, trees; (T, K;) as also ↓ شِعَارٌ: (Sh, T, K:) or (TA, but in the K “ and ”) trees in land that is soft (K, TA) and depressed, between eminences, (TA,) where people alight, (K, TA,) such as is termed دَهْنَآء, and the like, (TA,) warming themselves thereby in winter, and shading themselves thereby in summer, as also ↓ مَشْعَرٌ: (K, TA:) or this last signifies any place in which are a خَمَر [or covert of trees, &c.,] and [other] trees; and its pl. is مَشَاعِرُ. (TA.) One says, أَرْضٌ كَثِيرَةُ الشَّعَارِ (assumed tropical:) A land abounding in trees [&c.]. (S.) b2: See also the next paragraph, latter half.

شِعَارٌ A sign of people in war, (S, Msb, K,) and in a journey (K) &c., (TA,) i. e. (Msb) a call or cry, (A, Mgh, Msb,) by means of which to know one another: (S, A, Mgh, Msb:) and the شِعَار of soldiers is a sign that is set up in order that a man may thereby know his companions: (TA:) and شِعَار signifies also the banners, or standards, of tribes. (TA in art. برم.) It is said in a trad. that the شِعَار of the Prophet in war was يَا مَنْصُورُ أَمِتْ أَمِتْ [O Mansoor, (a proper name of a man, meaning “ aided ” &c.,) kill thou, kill thou]. (TA.) and it is said that he appointed the شِعَار of the refugees on the day of Bedr to be يابَنِى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمٰنِ: and the شعار of El-Khazraj, يا بَنِى عَبْدِ اللّٰهِ: and that of El-Ows, يَا بَنِى عُبَيْدِ اللّٰهِ: and their شعار on the day of El-Ahzáb, حٰم لَا يُنْصَرُونَ. (Mgh.) b2: And Thunder; (Tekmileh, K;) as being a sign of rain. (TK.) b3: شِعَارُ الحَجِّ means The religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage; and the signs thereof; (K;) and, (TA,) as also ↓ الشَعَائِرُ, (S,) the practices of the pilgrimage, and whatever is appointed as a sign of obedience to God; (S, Msb, * TA;) as the halting [at Mount 'Arafát], and the circuiting [around the Kaabeh], and the سَعْى [or tripping to and fro between Es-Safà and El-Marweh], and the throwing [of the pebbles at Minè], and the sacrifice, &c.; (TA;) and ↓ شَعِيرَةٌ and ↓ شِعَارَةٌ and ↓ مَشْعرٌ signify the same as شِعَارٌ: (L:) ↓ شَعِيرَةٌ is the sing. of شَعَائِرُ meaning as expl. above; (As, S, Msb;) or, as some say, the sing. is ↓ شِعَارَةٌ: (As, S:) or ↓ شَعِيرَةٌ and ↓ شِعَارَةٌ, by some written ↓ شَعَارَةٌ, and ↓ مَشْعَرٌ, signify a place [of the performance] of religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage; expl. in the K by مُعْظَمُهَا, which is a mistake for مَوْضِعُهَا; (TA;) and ↓ مَشَاعِرُ, places thereof: (S:) or الحَجِّ ↓ شَعَائِرُ signifies the مَعَالِم [or characteristic practices] of the pilgrimage, to which God has invited, and the performance of which He has commanded; (K;) as also ↓ المَشَاعِرُ: (TA:) and اللّٰهِ ↓ شَعَائِرُ, all those religious services which God has appointed to us as signs; as the halting [at Mount 'Arafát], and the سَعْى [or tripping to and fro between Es-Safà and El-Marweh], and the sacrificing of victims: (Zj, TA:) or the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage, and the places where those rites and ceremonies are performed; (Bd in v. 2 and xxii. 33;) among which places are Es-Safà and El-Marweh, they being thus expressly termed; (Kur ii. 153;) and so accord. to Fr in the Kur v. 2: (TA:) or the obligatory statutes or ordinances of God: (Bd in v. 2:) or the religion of God: (Bd in v. 2 and xxii. 33:) the camels or cows or bulls destined to be sacrificed at Mekkeh are also said in the Kur xxii. 37, to be مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللّٰهِ, i. e. of the signs of the religion of God: (Bd and Jel:) and [hence the sing.]

↓ شَعِيرَةٌ signifies [sometimes] a camel or cow or bull that is brought to Mekkeh for sacrifice; (S, K;) such as is marked in the manner expl. voce أَشْعَرَ; (Msb;) and شَعَائِرُ is its pl.; (K;) and is also pl. of شِعَارٌ: and the [festival called the]

عِيد is said to be a شِعَار of the شَعَائِر [i. e. a sign of the signs of the religion] of El-Islám. (Msb.) b4: شِعَارُ الدَّمِ is said to mean (tropical:) The piece of rag: or (tropical:) the vulva: because each is a thing that indicates the existence of blood. (Mgh.) A2: Also The [innermost garment; or] garment that is next the body; (S, Msb;) the garment that is next the hair of the body, under the دِثَار; as also ↓ شَعَارٌ; (K;) but this is strange: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَشْعِرَةٌ and [of mult.] شُعُرٌ. (K.) [Hence,] one says, لَبِسَ شِعَارَ الهَمِّ (tropical:) [He involved himself in anxiety]. (A.) And جَعَلَ الخَوْفَ شِعَارَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He made fear to be as though it were his innermost garment], by closely cleaving to it. (TA in art. درع.) [Hence, also,] it is said in a prov., هُمُ الشِّعَارُ دُونَ الدِّثَارِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) They are near in respect of love: and in a trad., relating to the Ansár, أَنْتُمُ الشِّعَارُ وَالنَّاسُ الدِّثَارُ (assumed tropical:) Ye are the special and close friends [and the people in general are the less near in friendship]. (TA.) b2: Also A horse-cloth; a covering for a horse to protect him from the cold. (K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A thing with which wine [app. while in the vat] is protected, or preserved from injury: (L, K: [for الخَمْرُ, the reading in the CK, the author of the TK has read الخُمُرُ (and thus I find the word written in my MS. copy of the K) or الخُمْرُ, pls. of الخِمَارُ; and Freytag has followed his example: but الخَمْرُ is the right reading, as is shown by what here follows:]) so in the saying of El-Akhtal, فَكَفَّ الرِّيحَ وَالأَنْدَآءَ عَنْهَا مِنَ الزَّرَجُونِ دُونَهُمَا الشِّعَارُ

[evidently describing wine, and app. meaning (assumed tropical:) And the شعار of the wine, (الشِّعَارُ مِنَ الزَّرَجُونَ, i. e. شِعَارُ الزَّرَجُونِ,) while yet in the vat, intervening as an obstacle to them, kept off the wind and the rains, or dews, or day-dews, from it, namely, the wine]. (L.) b4: See also شَعَارٌ, in two places.

A3: Also Death. (O, K.) شَعِيرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which may be also pronounced شِعِيرٌ, agreeably with the dial. of Temeem, as may any word of the measure فَعِيلٌ of which the medial radical letter is a faucial, and, accord. to Lth, certain of the Arabs pronounced in a similar manner any word of that measure of which the medial radical letter is not a faucial, like كَبِيرٌ and جَلِيلٌ and كَرِيمٌ, (MF,) [and thus do many in the present day, others pronouncing the fet-h in this case, more correctly, in the manner termed إِمَالَة, i. e. as “ e ” in our word “ bed: ”

Barley;] a certain grain, (S, Msb,) well known: (Msb, K:) of the masc. gender, except in the dial. of the people of Nejd, who make it fem.: (Zj, Msb:) n. un. with ة [signifying a barleycorn]. (S, K.) A2: Also An accompanying associate; syn. عَشِيرٌ مُصَاحِبٌ: on the authority of En-Nawawee: (K, TA:) said to be formed by transposition: but it may be from شَعَرَهَا meaning “ he slept with her in one شِعَار; ” [see 3; and so originally signifying a person who sleeps with another in one innermost garment;] then applied to any special companion. (TA.) شِعَارَةٌ, and, as written by some, شَعَارَةٌ: see شِعَارٌ, in four places.

شَعِيرَةٌ A sign, or mark. (Mgh.) b2: See this word, and the pl. شَعَائِرُ, voce شِعَارٌ, in seven places.

A2: Also n. un. of شَعِيرٌ [q. v.]. (S, K.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) The iron [pin] that enters into the tang of a knife which is inserted into the handle, being a fastening to the handle: (S:) or a thing that is moulded of silver or of iron, in the form of a barley-corn, (K, TA,) entering into the tang of the blade which is inserted into the handle, (TA,) being a fastening to the handle of the blade. (K, TA.) b3: [And (assumed tropical:) A measure of length, defined in the law-books &c. as equal to six mule's hairs placed side by side;] the sixth part of the إِصْبَع [or digit]. (Msb voce مِيلٌ.) b4: [And (assumed tropical:) The weight of a barley-corn.]

شُعَيْرَةٌ dim. of شَعْرَةٌ and شَعَرَةٌ: pl. شُعَيْرَاتٌ.]

شُعَيْرَآءُ [dim. of شَعْرَآءُ fem. of أَشْعَرُ.

A2: Also] A kind of trees; (Sgh, K;) in the dial. of Hudheyl. (Sgh, TA.) b2: See also أَشْعَرُ, last signification but one.

شَعِيرِىٌّ A seller of شَعِير [or barley]: one does not use in this sense either of the more analogical forms of شَاعِرٌ and شَعَّار. (Sb, TA.) شَاعِرٌ A poet: (T, S, Msb, K:) so called because of his intelligence; (S, Msb;) or because he knows what others know not: (T, TA:) accord. to Akh, it is a possessive epithet, like لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ: (S:) pl. شُعَرَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) deviating from analogy: (S, Msb:) Sb says that the measure فَاعِلٌ is likened in this case to فَعِيلٌ; and hence this pl.: (TA:) or, accord. to IKh, the pl. is of this form because the sing. is from شَعُرَ, and therefore should by rule be of the measure فَعِيلٌ, like شَرِيفٌ [from شَرُفَ]; but were it so, it might be confounded with شَعِير meaning the grain thus called, therefore they said شَاعِرٌ, and regarded in the pl. the original form of the sing. (Msb.) A wonderful poet is called خِنْذِيذٌ: one next below him, شَاعِرٌ: then, ↓ شَوَيْعِرٌ [the dim.]: (Yoo, K:) then, ↓ شُعْرُورٌ: and then, ↓ مَتَشَاعِرٌ. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A liar: because of the many lies in poetry: and so, accord. to some, in the Kur xxi. 5. (B, TA.) b3: شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ Excellent poetry: (Sb, T, K:) or known poetry: but the former explanation is the more correct. (TA.) One also says, sometimes, كَلِمَةٌ شَاعِرَةٌ, [by كلمة] meaning قَصِيدَةٌ: but generally in a phrase of this kind the two words are cognate, as in وَيْلٌ وَائِلٌ and لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ. (TA.) شُوَيْعِرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَشْعَرُ [More, and most, knowing or cognizant or understanding: see 1, first sentence. b2: And,] applied to a verse, (T,) or to a poem, (S,) More [and most] poetical. (T, S. *) A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ شَعِرٌ, (A, K,) and ↓ شَعْرَانِىٌّ, (K,) which last (SM says) I have seen written شَعَرَانِىٌّ, (TA,) A man having much hair upon his body: (S, A:) or having hair upon the whole of the body: (IAth, L voce أَجْرَدُ [q. v.], in explanation of the first:) or having much and long hair (K, TA) upon the head and body: (TA:) and the first and second, a goat having much hair: fem. of the first شَعْرَآءُ: (TA:) and pl. of the first شَعْرٌ. (S, K.) One says أشْعَثُ أَشْعَرُ, meaning Having his head unshaven and not combed nor anointed. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ أَشْعَرُ الرَّقَبَةِ [lit. Such a one is hairy in the neck] is said of a man though he have not hair upon his neck, as meaning (tropical:) such a one is strong, like a lion. (A, * TA.) b2: [The fem.] شَعْرَآءُ also signifies A testicle, or scrotum, (خُصْيَةٌ,) having much hair: (TA:) and the سَوْءَة [or pudendum]: thus used as a subst. (IAar, TA in art. معط.) See also شِعْرَةٌ. b3: And A furred garment. (Th, K.) b4: And as an epithet, (tropical:) Evil, foul, or abominable: [as being likened to that which is shaggy, and therefore unseemly:] (K, * TA:) in the K, الخَشِنَةُ is erroneously put for الخَبِيثَةُ. (TA.) One says, دَاهِيَةٌ شَعْرَآءُ, (S, A, K,) and وَبْرَآءُ, (S, A,) and زَبَّآءُ, (TA in art. زب,) (tropical:) An evil, a foul, or an abominable, (TA,) or a severe, or great, (K,) calamity or misfortune: pl. شُعْرٌ. (K, TA.) and one says to a man when he has said a thing that one blames or with which one finds fault, جِئْتَ بِهَا شَعْرَآءَ ذَاتَ وَبَرٍ (tropical:) [Thou hast said it as a foul, or an abominable, thing]. (S, A. *) b5: And أَشْعَرُ signifies also The hair that surrounds the solid hoof: (S:) or [the extremity, or border, of the pastern, next the solid hoof; i. e.] the extremity of the skin surrounding the solid hoof, (K, TA,) where the small hairs grow around it: (TA:) or the part between the hoof of a horse and the place where the hair of the pastern terminates: and the part of a camel's foot where the hair terminates: (TA:) pl. أَشَاعِرُ, (S, TA,) because it is [in this sense] a subst. (TA.) b6: Also The side of the vulva, or external portion of the female organs of generation: (K:) it is said that the أَشْعَرَانِ are the إِسْكَتَانِ, which are the two sides [or labia majora] of the vulva of a woman: or the two parts next to the شُفْرَانِ, which are the two borders of the إِسْكَتَانِ: or the two parts between the إِسْكَتَانِ and the شُفْرَانِ: (L, TA:) or the two parts next to the شُفْرَانِ, in the hair, particularly: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) the أَشَاعِر of the حَيَآء [or vulva of a camel &c.] are the parts where the hair terminates: (TA:) and the أَشَاعِر of a she-camel are the sides of the vulva. (S, L, TA.) b7: And A thing that comes forth from [between] the two halves of the hoof of a sheep or goat, resembling a ثُؤْلُول [or wart]; (Lh, K;) for which it is cauterized. (Lh, TA.) b8: And Flesh coming forth beneath the nail: pl. شُعُرٌ, (K, TA,) with two dammehs, (TA,) or شُعْرٌ. (So in the CK.) b9: And [the fem.] شَعْرَآءُ also signifies (tropical:) Land (أَرْض) containing, or having, trees: or abounding in trees: (A, K:) [and so, app., ↓ شَعْرَانُ; for] there is a mountain in [the province of] El-Mowsil called شَعْرَانُ, said by AA to be thus called because of the abundance of its trees: (S:) or شَعْرَآءُ signifies many trees: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or i. q. أَجَمَةٌ [i. e. a thicket, wood, or forest; &c.]: (TA:) and a meadow (رَوْضَةٌ, AHn, A, K, TA) having its upper part covered with trees, (AHn, K * TA,) or abounding in trees, (TA,) or abounding in herbage: (A:) and a tract of sand (رَمْلَةٌ) producing [the plant called] نَصِىّ (Sgh, L, K) and the like. (Sgh, K.) b10: And (assumed tropical:) A certain tree of the kind called حَمْض, (K, TA,) not having leaves, but having [what are termed] هَدَب [q. v.], very eagerly desired by the camels, and that puts forth strong twigs or branches; mentioned in the L on the authority of AHn, and by Sgh on the authority of Aboo-Ziyád; and the latter adds that it has firewood. (TA.) b11: And (assumed tropical:) A certain fruit: (AHn, TA:) a species of peach: (S, K:) sing. and pl. the same: (AHn, S, K:) or a single peach: (IKtt, MF:) or الأَشْعَرُ is a name of the peach, and the pl. is شُعْرٌ. (Mtr, TA.) b12: Also (assumed tropical:) A kind of fly, (S, K,) said to be that which has a sting, (S,) blue, or red, that alights upon camels and asses and dogs; (K;) as also ↓ شُعَيْرَآءُ: (TA:) a kind of fly that stings the ass, so that he goes round: AHn says that it is of two species, that of the dog and that of the camel: that of the dog is well known, inclines to slenderness and redness, and touches nothing but the dog: that of the camel inclines to yellowness, is larger than that of the dog, has wings, and is downy under the wings: sometimes it is in such numbers that the owners of the camels cannot milk in the day-time nor ride any of them; so that they leave doing this until night: it stings the camel in the soft parts of the udder and around them, and beneath the tail and the belly and the armpits; and they do not protect the animal from it save by tar: it flies over the camels so that one hears it to make a humming, or buzzing, sound. (TA. [See also شُعْرُورٌ, under which its pl. شُعْرٌ is mentioned.]) b13: And [hence, perhaps, as this kind of fly is seen in swarms,] (assumed tropical:) A multitude of men. (K.) أُشَيْعَارٌ: see شَعْرٌ.

مَشْعَرٌ i. q. مَعْلَمٌ [meaning A place where a thing is known to be]. (TA.) b2: And hence, A place of the performance of religious services. (TA.) See this word, and its pl. مَشَاعِرُ, voce شِعَارٌ, in four places. b3: [The pl.] المَشَاعِرُ also signifies The five senses; (S, * A, * TA;) the hearing, the sight, the smell, the taste, and the touch. (S and Msb in art. حس.) A2: See also شَعَارٌ.

دِيَةُ المُشْعَرَةِ The bloodwit that is exacted for killing kings: it is a thousand camels. (A, TA. [See 4.]) مُتَشَاعِرٌ One who affects, or pretends, to be a poet, but is not. (S, * L, * K, * TA.) See شَاعِرٌ.

شقص

2 شقّصهُ, (L, TA,) inf. n. تَشْقِيصٌ, (L, Mgh, K,) He divided it into parts, or portions: (Mgh:) or he cut it up, and separated its members (A, L, K *) into just portions among the sharers; (L, K; *) namely, a slaughtered animal, (K,) or particularly a slaughtered sheep or goat, and a pig: (L, A, TA:) or he divided it (namely, a pig,) into parts or portions, and members, for eating and selling. (Mgh.) Hence the trad. مَنْ بَاعَ الخَمْرَ فَلْيُشَقِصِ الخَنَازِيرَ (L, A) He who sells wine, let him cut up swine and divide their members, as is done to a sheep or goat when its flesh is sold: meaning, he who holds the selling of wine to be lawful, let him hold the selling of swine to be so; for they are equally forbidden. (L, TA.) شِقْصٌ A piece, or part, of a thing; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ شَقِيصٌ: (M, Mgh:) or a little, of much; (M, TA;) as also ↓ the latter: (IDrd, M, K:) and ↓ the latter, a little, or paltry, thing: (TA:) and the former, a piece of land: (S:) or a share; syn. سَهْمٌ, (A, K,) or حَظٌّ, (M,) and نَصِيبٌ, (A, Mgh, K,) and شِرْكٌ, (A, K,) which signifies the same as نَصِيبٌ; (Sh, on the authority of Khálid;) as also ↓ شَقِيصٌ; (Sh, M, Mgh, K;) like نِصْفٌ and نَصِيفٌ: (M:) as, for instance, in property; (IDrd;) and of a slave: (TA:) or a certain share not divided: (EshSháfi'ee, TA:) or if divided it may also be thus called: (Az, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَشْقَاصٌ (M, Msb) and [of mult.] شِقَاصٌ. (M, TA.) شَقِيصٌ: see شِقْصٌ, throughout.

A2: Also A sharer, or partner. (S, A, K.) You say, هُوَ شَقِيصى He is my sharer, or partner, (S, A,) in a piece of land. (S.) A3: And A fleet, or swift, and excellent horse: (K:) but an epithet not known to Lth. (TA.) مِشْقَصٌ A broad نَصْل [or iron head] (IDrd, Msb, K) of an arrow: (IDrd:) or an arrow having such a نصل, (Lth, IF, K,) with which wild animals are shot; (Lth;) but Az says that this explanation is at variance with what has been heard from the Arabs: (TA:) or it signifies, (M,) or signifies also, (K,) a long نصل; (M, K;) not a broad one: (M:) or an arrow having such a نصل; (M;) with which wild animals are shot: (K:) or a long and broad نصل: (S:) or it is of half the size of a نصل, and is worthless; children play with it, and it is the worst kind of arrow [-head], and is used for shooting at objects of the chase and any other thing: (TA:) pl. مَشَاقِصُ. (S.) مُشَقِصٌ A butcher. (A, K.)

شجع

1 شَجُعَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَجَاعَةٌ, (S, Msb,) He (a man, S) was, or became, courageous, brave, valiant, bold, daring, or stronghearted (S, Msb, K) on the occasion of war, or fight, (S, K,) making light of wars, by reason of his boldness. (Msb.) Az says that سَجَاعَةٌ sometimes denotes a comparative quality in relation to him who is weaker than the person to whom it is ascribed. (Msb.) A2: شَجَعَهُ, aor. ـَ [which in this case is contr. to the general rule, notwithstanding the guttural letter, for by rule it should be شَجُعَ,] He overcame him, or surpassed him, in شَجَاعَة [or courage, &c.]. (K.) [See 3.]

A3: شَجِعَ, aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. شَجَعٌ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) He was, or became, tall. (IDrd, Msb, K.) 2 شجّعهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَشْجِيعٌ, (K,) He encouraged him; or strengthened his heart; (S, K;) and emboldened him: (K:) or he said to him, Thou art شُجَاع [or courageous, &c.]. (Sb, S, K.) 3 شَاجَعْتُهُ فَشَجَعْتُهُ [I strove to overcome or surpass him, or contended with him for superiority, in شَجَاعَة (or courage, &c.), and] I overcame him, or surpassed him, therein. (TA.) 4 مَا أَشْجَعَهُ [How courageous, brave, valiant, bold, daring, or strong-hearted, is he, on the occasion of war, or fight!]. (TA in art بسل.) 5 تشجّع He affected (تَكَلَّفَ) courage, bravery, valour, boldness, daringness, or strength of heart on the occasion of war, or fight; (S, K;) [he encouraged himself; made himself, or constrained himself to be, courageous:] and he feigned, or pretended to have, courage, &c., on the occasion of war, or fight, not having it in him. (TA.) شَجَعٌ Penetrating energy; boldness. (As.) b2: Quickness of the shifting of the legs, in camels, (S, K,) or, accord. to IB, in horses. (TA.) شَجِعٌ; fem. with ة: see شُجَاعٌ, in three places. b2: شَجِعُ القَوَائِمِ Quick in the shifting of the legs, applied to a he-camel; and so شَجِعَةٌ and ↓ شَجْعَآءُ, applied to a she-camel. (S, K.) And قَوَائِمُ شَجِعَاتٌ Quick, and light, active, or nimble, legs. (TA.) b3: Mad, applied to a camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) شِجَعٌ: see شُجَاعٌ.

شَجْعَةٌ: see شُجَاعٌ: A2: see also شُجْعَةٌ: b2: also Tall, and uncompact in frame: b3: and crippled by disease; or having a protracted disease: [whence] it is said in a prov., أَعْمَى يَقُودُ شَجْعَةً

[A blind man leading one crippled by disease, or having a protracted disease: but in Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 119, the last word is written شَجَعَة, and said to be pl. of ↓ شَاجِعٌ, and to signify, app., suffering paralysis]. (TA.) شُجْعَةٌ: see شُجَاعٌ.

A2: Also Cowardly, weak, (Ibn-'Abbád,) lacking strength or power or ability, lean, or emaciated, and small in body, having no heart; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also ↓ شَجْعَةٌ: (Lh, K:) the former seems to have the meaning of a pass. part. n., [i. e. of مَشْجُوعٌ, q. v.,] like سُخْرَةٌ and other words. (Ibn-'Abbád.) شِجَعَةٌ: see شُجَاعٌ.

شَجَعَآءُ [or شِجَعَآءُ or شَجْعَآءُ]: see شُجَاعٌ.

شَجْعَمٌ A bulky serpent: or a malignant and audacious serpent: regarded by Sb as a quadriliteral-radical word. (TA.) [See also شُجَاعٌ.]

شَجَاعٌ: see what next follows.

شُجَاعٌ and ↓ شِجَاعٌ (Lh, ISk, S, Msb, K) and ↓ شَجَاعٌ, (Msb, K,) which is of the dial, of Benoo-'Okeyl, being made by them to accord with its contr., which is جَبَانٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ شَجِيعٌ (Lh, S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَشْجَعُ (S, K) and ↓ شَجِعٌ (K) and ↓ شِجَعٌ, (as in some copies of the K,) or ↓ شِجَعَةٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the TA,) [of all which forms the first is the most common,] Courageous, brave, valiant, bold, daring, or strong-hearted (S, Msb, K) on the occasion of war, or fight, (S, K,) making light of wars, by reason of boldness: (Msb:) fem. [of the 1st and 2nd and 3rd respectively] شُجَاعَةٌ and شِجَاعَةٌ (S, * Msb, * K) and شَجَاعَةٌ (Msb, * K) and شجاع also [without ة] (Msb) and [of the 4th]

↓ شَجِيعَةٌ (Msb, K) and [of the 5th] ↓ شَجْعَآءُ and [of the 6th] ↓ شَجِعَةٌ: (K:) pl. masc. (of the 1st, S, Msb) شِجْعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (AO, S, Msb, K) and [of the first three, and perhaps of the 4th also,] شَجَعَةٌ (S, K) and (of the 1st, S) شِجْعَانٌ (Lh, S, K) and (of the 4th, S) شُجْعَانٌ (Lh, ISk, S, K) [or, accord. to IDrd, شجعان is a mistake, as is said in the TA, but the word is there written without any syll. signs,] and (of the 4th, S, Msb) ↓ شُجَعَآءُ (S, Msb, K) and [of the 4th, and perhaps of others also,] شِجَاعٌ, (K,) and also, (but these are quasi-pl. ns., TA,) ↓ شَجْعَةٌ (AO, S, K) and ↓ شُجْعَةٌ (K) and ↓ شَجَعَآءُ [app. a mistake for شِجَعَآءُ or شَجْعَآءُ]: (TA:) pl. fem. [all of شَجِيعَةٌ, or the last of شَجْعَآءُ or of شَجِعَةٌ,] شَجَائِعُ and شِجَاعٌ and شُجُعٌ: (Lh, K:) or شُجَاعٌ is [an epithet] peculiar to men: (K, * TA:) Az says, “ I have heard the Kilábees say, رَجُلٌ شُجَاعٌ, but they do not apply this epithet to a woman: ” (S:) ↓ شَجِعَةٌ and ↓ شَجِيعَةٌ, however, are applied to a woman, and signify bold, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) longtongued, and vehemently clamorous, towards men; (Ibn-'Abbád, TA;) audacious in her speech, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, [but these two epithets as applied to a woman and signifying “ bold ” &c. are omitted in the CK,]) and in her length of tongue, and vehement clamorousness. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b2: شُجَاعٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ شِجَاعٌ (K) also signify (assumed tropical:) The serpent; (K;) and so does ↓ أَشْجَعُ: (TA:) or (tropical:) the male serpent: (Mgh, K:) or a certain species of serpent, (Sh, S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ أَشْجَعُ, (S,) small, (K,) or slender, and asserted to be the boldest of the serpent-kind: (Sh:) pl. شِجْعَانٌ (Lh, IDrd, K) and شُجْعَانٌ, (IDrd, K,) the former of which is the more common: (IDrd:) the pl. of أَشْجَعُ is أَشَاجِعُ; or, as some say, this is pl. of أَشْجِعَةٌ, which is pl. [of pauc.] of شجاع, signifying the serpent. (TA.) [See also شَجْعَمٌ, above.]

b3: Also (tropical:) The serpent called صَفَرٌ, that presents itself in the belly (S, K, * TA) of a man, as the Arabs assert, when he has been long hungry: (S, TA:) but As says that شُجَاعُ البَطْنِ signifies (assumed tropical:) vehemence of hunger. (Az, TA.) شِجَاعٌ: see شُجَاعٌ, in two places.

شَجِيعٌ; fem. with ة: see شُجَاعٌ, in three places.

شَاجِعٌ: see شَجْعَةٌ.

أَشْجَعُ; fem. شَجْعَآءُ: see شُجَاعٌ, in four places. You say also, لَبُؤَةٌ شَجْعَآءُ A bold lioness. (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, accord. to some, it signifies, (S,) or it signifies also, (K,) In whom is lightness, or unsteadiness, like what is termed هَوَجٌ, (S, K,) by reason of his strength. (S.) See also شَجِعٌ. b3: Mad; or possessed by a devil: (TA:) Lth says that, applied to a man, it signifies one who is as though there were in him madness, or diabolical possession; but Az says that this is a mistake; for, were this its meaning, the poets would not have used it in praise. (TA, in another part of the art.) b4: Tall: (IDrd, Msb, K:) and so the fem. applied to a woman. (IDrd, Msb.) b5: Bulky; big-bodied; or stout: or, as some say, youthful; or in a state of youthful vigour. (TA.) b6: The lion. (Lth, S, K.) b7: It is said in the K that الأَشْجَعُ also signifies الدَّهْرُ [i. e. Time; or fortune; &c.]; and J says that this is what the poet means by the expression, أَشْجَعُ أَخَّاذٌ: but this cannot be the correct meaning, for the poet, namely El-Aashà, says, بِأَشْجَعَ أَخَّاذٍ عَلَى الدَّهْرِ حُكْمُهُ by الاشجع meaning himself, or some other thing. (TA.) A2: Also, (S, K,) and إِشْجَعٌ, (K,) or the latter accord. to some, but this was not known to Abu-l-Ghowth, (S,) sing. of أَشَاجِعُ, [in some copies of the S written أَشَاجِيعُ, but the former, which, as is mentioned in the TA, is found in the handwriting of J, is that which is commonly known,] which signifies [The knuckles nearest to the wrist; this being what is meant by] the bases (أُصُول) of the fingers, which are connected with the tendons of the outer side of the hand: (S, K:) in the T, we find the heads (رُؤُوس) of the fingers, instead of اصول: (TA:) or اشجع in the hand and foot [but see what follows] signifies the tendons extended above the سُلَامَى [here meaning the metacarpal and metatarsal bones] from the wrist to the bases (أُصُول) of the fingers or toes, which are called أَطْنَابُ الأَصَابِعِ, above the outer side of the hand: or the bone which connects the finger with the wrist; [i. e. the metacarpal bone;] every finger having to it a bone thus called: he who says that the أَشَاجِع [so here instead of اشجع as above] are the tendons calls those bones the أُسْنَاع. (TA.) Aboo-Bekr is described as عَارِى الأَشَاجِعِ عَنْ مَفَاصِلِ الأَصَابِعِ, meaning Having little flesh upon what are thus termed: or having their tendons apparent. (TA.) [See also رَاجِبَةٌ and بُرْجُمَةٌ.]

A3: أَشْجَعُ مِنْ دِيكٍ [More courageous than a cock] is one of the proverbs of the Arabs. (Mgh.) مُشْجَعٌ, like مُجْمَلٌ, (K, TA,) i. e. having the form of a pass. part. n., (TA,) [in the CK مَشْجَع, like مَحْمَل,] In the utmost state of madness, or diabolical possession: (K:) so says Ibn-Abbád; and hence, accord. to him, شُجَاعٌ [but in what sense he does not say]. (TA.) مَشْجُوعٌ Overcome, or surpassed, in شَجَاعَة [or courage, &c.]. (K, TA.)

شفع

1 شَفَعَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. شَفْعٌ, (S, Msb,) He made it to be a شَفْع; (S, K, TA;) meaning (TA) he made it (a single thing) to be a زَوْج [i. e. he made it to be one of a pair or couple; and sometimes, he made it to be a pair or couple together]: (Mgh, TA:) or he adjoined it to, or coupled it with, that which was a single thing: (Msb:) accord. to Er-Rághib, الشَّفْعُ signifies the adjoining a thing to its like. (TA.) You say, كَانَ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ, (S,) or كَانَ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ بِآخَرَ i. e. [It was a single thing, and] I made it to be one of a pair, or couple, with another. (Mgh. [In Har p. 194, I find the phrase بآخر ↓ كان وترا فشفّعه, expl. in like manner; but شفّعه thus used I do not find in any lexicon: it may, however, be correctly thus used; for تشفّع, which has the form, app. has also the signification, of its quasi-pass.]) [And شُفِعَ المِلْكُ بِمِلْكٍ آخَرَ The possession (here meaning house, or piece of land,) was coupled by purchase with another possession: and شُفِعَ بِهِ مِلْكٌ It had a possession coupled with it by purchase: see شُفْعَةٌ.] You say also, شَفَعْتُ الرَّكْعَةَ I made the ركعة to be two. (Msb.) And a poet says, مَا كَانَ أَبْصَرَنِى بِغِرَّاتِ الصِّبَى فَالْيَوْمَ قَدْ شُفِعَتْ لِىَ الْأَشْبَاحُ [How clear was my sight with the inadvertencies of youth! but to-day, objects have become doubled to me]: i. e., I see the object [as] two objects, by reason of the weakness and dispersedness of my sight. (O, K. *) b2: [Hence,] one says of a she-camel, (S, O,) and of a ewe, or she-goat, (O,) شَفَعَتْ, (S, O,) inf. n. شَفْعٌ, (S,) meaning She became such as is termed شَافِعٌ [q. v.]: (S, O:) she is thus termed لِأَنَّ وَلَدَهَا شَفَعَهَا أَوْ شَفَعَتْهُ [because her young one has made her to be one of a pair, or couple, with itself, or because she has made it to be one of a pair or couple, with another that is in her belly], (S, O, K,) inf. n. شَفْعٌ, or the inf. n. in this case is شِفْعٌ, with kesr. (O, K.) b3: One says also, إِنَّهُ لَيَشْفَعُ عَلَىَّ بِالعَدَاوَةِ, (K,) or لِى, (O,) i. e. (tropical:) Verily he aids [another, becoming to him one of a pair, by enmity] against me, and acts injuriously to me [conjointly with another]. (O, K, TA.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, يَشْفَعُ means He joins himself to another, and aids him, becoming to him one of a pair, or a شَفِيع [i. e. an intercessor], in doing good or evil, so that he aids him, or partakes with him, in [procuring] the benefit or the harm thereof; and thus it means in the saying in the Kur [iv. 87], مَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً [and in what follows the same]: (TA:) or these words mean Whoso adds a [good] deed to a [good] deed: (O, K:) or, as some say, the شفاعة here is a man's instituting, or prescribing, to another, a way of good or evil, so that he [the latter] imitates him, and thus becomes as though he were to him one of a pair. (TA.) [But accord. to the expositors in general, and accord. to the general usage of the inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ as distinguished from شَفْعٌ, what is here meant is Intercession.] b4: [Hence also,] شَفَعَ لَهُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ, (S, * K, * TA,) or الى الأَمِيرِ, (MA,) aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ; (MA, K, TA;) and لَهُ ↓ تشفّع, (MA,) or فِيهِ ↓ تشفّع; (S, TA;) He made petition, or intercession, for him [to such a one, or to the prince or the like; thus adjoining himself to him as an aider]: (MA, TA:) and شَفَعَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ [He interceded between the people], inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ: (Jel in iv. 87:) and شَفَعْتُ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Msb,) inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ (IKtt, Msb, TA) and شَفْعٌ, (Msb, [but the latter is scarcely to be found elsewhere thus used,]) I pleaded, [or interceded,] in the affair, or case, [in favour of another,] for some means of access or ingratiation, or some right or due: (IKtt, * Msb, TA: *) شَفَاعَةٌ is mentioned, but not explained, in the K: (TA:) as distinguished from شَفْعٌ meaning as expl. above, it signifies the joining oneself to another as an aider to him or a petitioner respecting him [or for him]; and in most instances the former person is one of higher station than the latter: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the speaking of the شَفِيع [or intercessor] to the king [or some other person] respecting some object of want which the speaker asks for another person: it is also expl. as signifying the passing over without punishment, or the forgiving, [or rather the asking, or requesting, the passing over &c., (for the word طَلَبُ, probably accidentally omitted by the transcriber at the commencement of the explanation, should doubtless be supplied,)] of sins, crimes, or misdeeds. (TA.) Hence, in a trad., ↓ اِشْفَعْ تُشَفَّعْ [Intercede thou: thou shalt have thine intercession accepted]. (TA.) The saying in the Kur [ii. 117], وَلَا تَنْفَعُهَا شَفَاعَةٌ [Nor shall intercession profit it] means that it shall have no شَافِع [or intercessor] for his شَفَاعَة [or intercession] to profit it; being a denial of the شَافِع; (Ibn-'Arafeh, O, K;) and the same is the case in the Kur lxxiv. 49, (Ibn-'Arafeh, O, TA,) and xx.

108. (TA.) شَفَعَ, inf. n. شَفْعٌ and شَفَاعَةٌ, also signifies He prayed, or supplicated: and thus Mbr and Th explain the words of the Kur [ii. 256], مَنْ ذَا الَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ [Who is he that shall pray, or supplicate, in his presence, except by his permission?]. (TA.) b5: Accord. to El-Kutabee, (Mgh,) [i. e.] El-Kuteybee, (TA,) one says also, of a neighbour of one who desires to sell a dwelling [or land] شَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ فِى مَا بَاعَ, meaning He made a demand to him, i. e. to the latter, respecting that which he sold [for the right of pre-emption]: and of the latter person, ↓ فَشَفَّعَهُ [and he admitted his right of pre-emption, i. e.] and he pronounced him to have a better right, or title, or claim, [as a purchaser,] to that which was sold, that he whose connexion was more remote. (Mgh, TA. *) A2: شَفَعَ, inf. n. شَفْعٌ, signifies also He, or it, was, or became, tall, or high. (TA.) A3: And شُفِعَ, like عُنِىَ, He (a man) was smitten by the [evil] eye. (IKtt, TA. [But see شُفْعَةٌ, last sentence.]) 2 شَفَّعَ see 1, near the beginning. b2: شَفَّعْتُهُ فِيهِ, inf. n. تَشْفِيعٌ, I accepted his intercession (شَفَاعَتَهُ) [for him]. (S, * O, K.) See, again, 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph. b3: And see another signification of the verb in a later part of the same paragraph.5 تشفّع [signifies It was made a pair or couple, accord. to the K voce وِتْرٌ; this word being there expl. as meaning مَا لَمْ يَتَشَفَّعْ مِنَ العَدَدِ: but in the M and A, in the same place, instead of يَتَشَفَّعْ, we find يُشْفَعْ]. b2: تشفّع لَهُ, and فِيهِ: see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b3: [It is said in the TA that تَشَفَّعَهُ also is quasi-pass. of اِسْتَشْفَعَ بِهِ: but تَشَفَّعَهُ is evidently, here, a mistranscription, app. for تَشَفَّعَ, meaning He was granted intercession.]

A2: Also He became a شَافِعِىّ [i. e. a follower of the Imám Esh-Sháfi'ee] in persuasion: but this is post-classical. (TA.) 10 اِسْتَشْفَعْتُهُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ I asked him to make intercession for me (أَنْ يَشْفَعَ لِى) to such a one. (S, O, K. *) And اِسْتَشْفَعْتُ بِهِ I sought, or demanded, intercession (الشَّفَاعَةَ) [by means of him]. (Msb.) A poet, cited by Aboo-Leylà, says, زَعَمَتْ مَعَاشِرُ أَنَّنِى مُسْتَشْفِعٌ لَمَّا خَرَجْتُ أَزُورُهُ أَقْلَامَهَا i. e. Companies of men asserted me to be seeking intercession (زَعَمُوا أَنِى أَسْتَشْفِعُ) for the object of eulogy, [when I went forth repairing to visit him,] by means of their writing-reeds (بِأَقْلَامِهِمْ), meaning by their letters (بِكُتُبِهِمْ). (O, TA.) شَفْعٌ contr. of وِتْرٌ; (S, Mgh, O, K;) i. q. زَوْجٌ [i. e., like زَوْجٌ, it signifies One of a pair or couple; and sometimes, but rarely, a pair or couple together; and sometimes, (see for instance زَكَا) an even number, a number that may be divided into two equal numbers]: (O, K:) also one with which another is made to be a pair or couple: (TA:) [and, as will be seen in what follows, one with which an odd number is made to be an even number:] pl. شِفَاعٌ, (TA,) and app. أَشْفَاعٌ, whence الصَّلَاةُ بَيْنَ الأَشْفَاعِ, meaning التَّرَاوِيح [q. v. voce تَرْوِيحَةٌ]. (Mgh.) b2: الشَّفْعُ also signifies The day of the sacrifice; (O, K;) thus in the words of the Kur [lxxxix. 2] وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوِتْرِ; by الوتر being meant the day of 'Arafát: (O:) or in this instance it means the creatures of God, (O, K,) because of the saying in the Kur [li. 49], “and of everything we have created two of a pair; ” (K;) الوتر meaning God: (O, K:) or Adam's wife; الوتر meaning Adam, who was made a pair with her: (I'Ab, O, TA:) or Adam's children: (TA:) or the two days after the sacrifice; الوتر meaning the third day: (O, TA:) or God; [and الوتر, those who compose an odd number;] because of the saying in the Kur [lviii. 8], “there can be no secret discourse of three, but He is the maker of them, with Himself, to be four: ” (K:) or the meaning of الشَّفْعُ وَالوِتْرُ is the prayers; of which some are شَفْع [i. e. an even number of rek'ahs], and some are وِتْر [i. e. an odd number of rek'ahs]: (O, TA:) [for] it is said that all the numbers consist of شَفْع [i. e. even] and وِتْر [i. e. odd]. (TA.) شَفْعَةٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places, near the end.

شُفْعَةٌ is used in relation to a house and to land; (S, TA;) and ↓ شُفُعَةٌ, with two dammehs, is a dial. var. thereof thus used. (TA.) It signifies A مِلْك [here meaning house, or piece of land,] that is coupled (مَشْفُوع) [by purchase] with one's مِلْك [i. e. house, or piece of land, previously possessed, and adjoining thereto]; (Mgh, Msb; *) from the phrase كَانَ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ [expl. above, in the second sentence of this art.]; (Mgh; [and the like is said in the Msb;]) a noun of the same class as لُقْمَةٌ; being of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Mgh, Msb: *) this is the primary signification: then it was applied to denote a particular kind of obtaining possession; (Mgh;) [i. e.] it is also used as meaning the obtaining possession of that مِلْك [or house, or piece of land, by purchasing it, and coupling it with that previously possessed, and adjoining thereto]; (Msb;) or one's making a demand respecting that which he seeks [to possess, for the right of the pre-emption thereof], and adjoining it to that which he [already] has: (O, K:) and with the lawyers it signifies the right of obtaining possession of a piece of land, [i. e. the right of pre-emption thereof, or of a house,] against one's co-sharer whose possession is recent, by compulsion, for a compensation: (K:) or the right of obtaining possession of a piece of land, by compulsion, for [the payment of] what it cost the [former] purchaser, by reason of partnership or of [immediate] neighbourship: (KT:) or the right of [immediate] neighbourship with respect to [pre-emption of] a house or land. (PS.) [See 1 in art. سقب.] El-Kutabee says, in explaining this word, in the Time of Ignorance, when a man desired to sell a house, his neighbour used to come to him and to make a demand to him (شَفَعَ

إِلَيْهِ i. e. طَلَبَ) respecting that which he sold [ for the right of pre-emption], and he pronounced him to have a better right, or title, or claim, [as a purchaser,] to that which was sold, than he whose connexion was more remote: as though he took it from الشَّفَاعَةُ: but the [right] derivation is that first mentioned. (Mgh.) We have not heard, (Mgh,) or there is not known, (Msb,) any verb belonging to it [in the classical language]. (Mgh, Msb.) Esh-Shaabee uses it in the first and in the second of the senses expl. above, [or nearly so,] in his saying, مَنْ بِيعَتْ شُفْعَتُهُ وَهُوَ حَاضِرٌ فَلَمْ يَطْلُبْ ذٰلِكَ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ لَهُ [i. e. He whose claimed possession to be coupled by purchase with one already belonging to him is sold when he is present without his demanding that possession, there shall be no obtaining possession for him by his purchasing it for that purpose]. (Mgh. [And the like is said in the Msb.]) Esh-Shaabee says [also], الشُّفْعَةُ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ الرِجَالِ [The possession that is coupled by purchase with another possession is apportioned according to the heads of the men entitled thereto]: i. e., when the house is shared by a company of men whose shares are different, and one of them sells his portion, what is sold to his co-sharers is to be apportioned among them equally, according to their heads, not according to their [former] shares: (O, K, TA:) so in the Nh. (TA.) b2: شُفْعَةُ الضُّحَى The two rek'ahs (رَكْعَتَانِ) of the [prayer that is performed in the period of the morning called the]

ضُحَى; as also الضحى ↓ شَفْعَةُ: (O, K:) occurring in a trad., thus accord. to two different relations. (O.) A2: Also Diabolical, or demoniacal, possession; or madness, or insanity; (AA, O, K;) and so ↓ شَفْعَةٌ; the latter expl. in this sense by IAar; and as syn. with سَفْعَةٌ and شُنْعَةٌ and رَدَّةٌ and نَظْرَةٌ, [perceived] in the face: [see these words; the second and third of which generally mean an unseemliness or ugliness; and so, sometimes, does the last:] the pl. of شُفْعَةٌ in the sense here expl. on the authority of AA is شُفَعٌ. (TA.) b2: and IF states that it has been said to signify The [evil] eye, by which one is smitten: but he doubts its correctness; and thinks that it may be with the unpointed س. (O.) [See سَفْعَةٌ, not سُفْعَةٌ.]

شُفُعَةٌ: see شُفْعَةٌ, first sentence.

شَفُوعٌ A she-camel that fills two milking-vessels in one milking. (S, K.) b2: See also شَافِعٌ.

شَفِيعٌ i. q. صَاحِبُ شَفَاعَةٍ; (S, K, TA;) i. e. (TA) An intercessor; as also ↓ شَافِعٌ: pl. of the former شُفَعَآءُ. (Msb, TA.) [See السُّقَفَآء, in art. سقف.] b2: Also i. q. صَاحِبُ شُفْعَةٍ; (S, K;) [meaning A possessor of the right termed شُفْعَة; or] one who demands, and is granted, as a neighbour [or a partner], in preference to him whose connexion is more remote, the right of purchasing a house [or piece of land] that is to be sold. (TA.) شَفَائِعُ Sorts of pasture, or herbage, that grow two and two: (Ibn-Abbád, O, K:) or twins (تُؤَام [pl. of تَوْءَم]) of plants. (O, K.) شَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1, q. v. b2: Hence], applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Having a young one in her belly and another following her: (Fr, Sh, S, Mgh, K, TA:) or applied in this sense to a ewe or she-goat: (K:) or, thus applied, having her young one with her: (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh:) thus called because her young one has made her to be one of a pair [with it], or because she has made it to be one of a pair [with her]: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) and ↓ شَفُوعٌ, thus applied, signifies the same as شَافِعٌ: and one says also, هٰذِهِ شَاةُ الشَّافِعِ, like as one says صَلَاةُ الأُولَى and مَسْجِدُ الجَامِعِ. (TA.) b3: Also A he-goat, (O, K, TA,) himself: (O:) or a ram: or such as, when he impregnates, impregnates with twins. (O, K.) b4: عَيْنٌ شَافِعَةٌ An eye [that makes a thing to appear a pair, i. e.,] that sees doubly. (O, K.) b5: فُلَانٌ يُعَادِينِى وَلَهُ شَافِعٌ means (tropical:) Such a one treats me with enmity, and has one who aids him to do so. (A, TA.) b6: See also شَفِيعٌ and مُشَفَّعٌ.

أَشْفَعُ Tall, or high. (L, TA.) مُشْفِعٌ A ewe, or she-goat, that suckles any animal. (IAar, TA.) مُشَفَّعٌ One whose intercession is accepted: hence the Kur-án is termed by Ibn-Mes'ood مُشَفَّعٌ ↓ شَافِعٌ, i. e. An intercessor of which the intercession will be accepted, for him who follows it and does according to what is in it, that his unpremeditated transgressions may be forgiven. (O, TA.) مُشَفِعٌ One who accepts intercession. (L, TA.) مَشْفُوعٌ A possession (مِلْكٌ [here meaning house, or piece of land,]) coupled [by purchase] with a man's possession [previously belonging to him, upon certain conditions expl. voce شُفْعَةٌ]. (Mgh, Msb.) A2: Also Affected with diabolical, or demoniacal, possession; or with madness, or insanity; (O, K;) and مَسْفُوعٌ, with the unpointed س, is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) b2: And مَشْفُوعَةٌ is said to signify A woman smitten by the [evil] eye: (IF, O, L: [but see شُفْعَةٌ, last sentence:]) the masc. is not used in this sense. (L, TA.)

شعف

1 شَعَفَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَفٌ, though it is implied in the K, by its being said that the verb is like مَنَعَ, that it is شَعْفٌ, (TA,) He smeared, anointed, or overspread, a camel [suffering from the mange, or scab], with tar, (S, O, K, and Bd in xii. 30,) and burned him by so doing. (Bd ibid.) Imra-el-Keys says, لِيَقْتُلَنِى وَقَدْ شَعَفْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا شَعَفَ المَهْنُوْءَةَ الرَّجُلُ الطَّالِى

[That he should slay me, I having overspread her heart with love of me, like as the man anointing overspreads her (meaning the camel) that is smeared with tar]: but it is also related otherwise, i. e. قَطَرْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا قَطَرَ: (O, TA:) Aboo-'Alee El-Kálee says that she [the camel] that is smeared with tar experiences, by reason of the tar, a pleasurable sensation with a burning. (TA.) b2: Hence, [as indicated above,] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا [He has overspread and burned her heart with love]; as some read in the Kur xii. 30; others reading شَغَفَهَا: (Bd:) [or he has burned her heart with love; for] شَعَفَهُ الحُبُّ means love burned his heart: (S:) there are two readings of the words of the Kur above; (O, K;) [as well as two other readings mentioned in art. شغف;] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا, (S, O, K,) one, a reading of El-Hasan (S, O) and others; meaning [as above: or], accord. to Az, he has diseased her heart with love, (S, * O,) and melted it: (O:) or, accord. to El-Hasan, he has penetrated into her with love: (S:) the other reading is قَدْ شَعِفَهَا حُبًّا, (O, K,) meaning he has become attached to her with love, and loved her excessively: (O:) [but it is also said that] شَعَفَنِى

حُبُّهُ means The love of him overspread my heart from above; (O, K;) from شَعَفَةٌ signifying the “ head ” of the heart, “at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط; ” (O, * K;) and in like manner, شُعِفْتُ بِهِ and بِحُبِّهِ, (O, and so in the CK,) or شَعِفْتُ: (so in other copies of the K, in which, and in the CK, the verb in this case is said to be like فَرِحَ: [but this I regard as a mistake:]) and شَعَفَ القَلْبَ He, or it, struck, or smote, the شَعَفَة, or uppermost part, of the heart: (Ham p.

545:) Az, however, says, I know not any one that has assigned to the heart a شَعَفَة, except Lth; and vehement love takes possession of the core (سَوَاد) of the heart; not of its extremity: [but] accord. to Fr, شُعِفَ بِفُلَانٍ, like عُنِىَ, means The love of such a one rose to the highest places of his heart: others say that الشعف [app. الشَّعَفُ] signifies the being frightened, and disquieted, like the beast when it is frightened; and that the Arabs transferred its attribution from beasts to human beings: (TA:) Abu-l-'Alà says that الشَّعَفُ signifies a thing's falling into the heart: (IB, TA:) one says also, شَعَفَهُ المَرَضُ Disease melted him: (TA:) and accord. to Az, شُعِفَ بِكَذَا means He became diseased by such a thing. (S.) شَعَفٌ: see شَعَفَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also The upper, or uppermost, part of the hump of the camel: (O, K:) Lth says that it is like the heads of truffles, and the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, that are round in their upper, or uppermost, parts. (O.) A2: Also Vehemence of love: (L:) [or simply love: for] one says, أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ شَعَفَهُ, meaning [He cast] his love [upon him, or it]; as also شَغَفَهُ. (TA.) شَعَفَةٌ The head [or summit] of a mountain: (S, O, K:) and the upper, or uppermost, part of anything: (Ham pp. 130 and 545:) pl. ↓ شَعَفٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., and accord. to Freytag it is used as a sing., in the two senses above mentioned, in the Deewán of Jereer,] and [the pl. is] شُعُوفٌ and شِعَافٌ and شَعَفَاتٌ: (S, O, K:) and ↓ شَعَفٌ is also expl. as signifying an elevated part of the earth or ground. (TA.) b2: Also A lock of hair (خُصْلَةٌ) upon the head, (K,) or upon the upper, or uppermost, part of the head. (O, TA.) And شِعَافٌ (its pl., TA) signifies The hair of the head: so in the phrase رَجُلٌ صُهْبُ الشِّعَافِ [A man whose hair of the head is red, or red in the outer part and black beneath, or of a red colour tinged over with blackness, &c.]. (S, O, K.) b3: And The [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة of a boy, or young man. (S.) b4: And شَعَفَةُ القَلْبِ signifies The head of the heart, at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط [q. v.]. (O, TA. [But see, in the first paragraph, what Az says respecting this meaning.]) شَعَافٌ, like سَحَابٌ, Love's making away with the heart. (TA.) شُعَافٌ Insanity, or madness. (O, K.) شُعَيْفَةٌ dim. of شَعَفَةٌ: pl. شُعَيْفَاتٌ.] One says, مَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ إِلَّا شُعَيْفَاتٌ There is not upon his head aught save some small hairs of the [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة. (S, O, K.) مَشْعُوفٌ [Burned in the heart by love: (see 1:) or] diseased [therein]: (Az, S:) or struck, or smitten, in the شَعَفَة of his heart by love, or by fright, or by insanity, or madness. (O, K.) Insane, or mad. (O, K.) Bereft of his heart. (TA.) [See also مَشْغُوفٌ.]

شغل

1 شَغَلَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (O, K, MS,) inf. n. شَغْلٌ (Msb, K) and شُغْلٌ, (K,) the latter on the authority of Sb, (TA,) He, or it, (a man, S, or an affair, Msb,) busied him, occupied him, or employed him; (K;) i. q. أَلْهَاهُ [signifying as above; and particularly he, or it, busied him, &c., so as to divert him from (عَنْ) something; or diverted him from a thing by busying him, &c.]: (S and Msb and K in art. لهو, and Bd and Jel in xv. 3, &c.:) [↓ شغّلهُ signifies he, or it, busied him, &c., much; i. e.] with teshdeed it denotes muchness: (Bd in xlviii. 11:) ↓ اشغلهُ is a good dial. var. of شَغَلَهُ; or is rare; or bad: (K:) accord. to IDrd [and J], (O,) one should not say أَشْغَلْتُهُ; (S, O;) for it is bad: (S:) accord. to IF, they scarcely ever say أَشْغَلْتُ, [thus in the O, but in the Msb ↓ اِشْتَغَلَ,] but it is allowable: (O:) none of the leading lexicologists is known to have pronounced it good. (TA.) [Hence the saying, شَغَلَتْ سَعَاتِى جَدْوَاىَ (see art. سعو and سعى), or, as some relate it, شغلت شِعَابِى جدواى (see art. شعب).] See another ex. voce شَاغِلٌ. One says also شُغِلَ بِهِ, (Msb, K,) meaning تَلَهَّى [i. e. He was, or became, busied, &c., by it], (Msb,) and به ↓ اشتغل [meaning the same]; (Az, Msb, K;) and شُغِلْتُ عَنْكَ بِكَذَا [I was, or became, busied, &c., so as to be diverted from thee, by such a thing], (S, O,) and ↓ اِشْتَغَلْتُ [in the same sense]: (S:) and عَنْهُ ↓ تشاغل, (TA,) which likewise signifies تَلَهَّى [meaning as expl. above, or he busied himself, &c., so as to divert himself from him, or it]: (TA in art. لهو, and Bd and Jel in lxxx. 10:) some disallow ↓ اِشْتَغَلَ, in the form of an active verb, but say اُشْتُغِلَ, in the form of a pass. verb; but it is originally quasi-pass of أَشْغَلْتُهُ, like as are اِحْتَرَقَ and اِكْتَهَلَ of أَحْرَقْتُهُ and أَكْهَلْتُهُ; [though why of أَشْغَلْتُهُ rather than of شَغَلْتُهُ, I do not see:] Az mentions the usage of its act. and pass. part. ns.: (Msb:) accord. to AHát and IDrd, one should not say ↓ اِشْتَغَلَ; but IF mentions, as transmitted from the Arabs, اُشْتُغِلَ فُلَانٌ بِالشَّىْءِ, and the pass. part. n. (O.) b2: One says also, نَحْنُ نَشْغَلُ عَنْكَ المَرْتَعَ (assumed tropical:) [We occupy the place of pasturage so as to keep it from thee], and المَآءَ [the water]; meaning, it is sufficient for us without being more than sufficient. (S in art. شفه.) And شُغِلَ عَنْكَ مَا عِنْدَنَا (assumed tropical:) [What we had was employed so as to be kept from thee]. (JK in that art.) 2 شَغَّلَ see the preceding paragraph.4 اشغلهُ: see 1. b2: مَا أَشْغَلَهُ [meaning How much is he busied! &c.], (Th, S, K,) denoting wonder, (Th, TA,) is anomalous, because one does not [regularly] form a verb of wonder from one in the form of a pass. verb. (Th, S, K.) 6 تشاغل عَنْهُ: see 1. [Accord. to Golius, تشاغلوا signifies They occupied one another, on the authority of the KL; in which, however, I find only تَشَاغُلٌ expl. as meaning خودرا بچيزى مشغول كردن i. e. To make oneself busied, &c., with a thing.]8 إِشْتَغَلَ see 1, in five places. b2: One says also, اِشْتَغَلَ فِيهِ السَّمُّ The poison crept into him, or pervaded him; syn. سَرَى: and اشتغل فِيهِ الدَّوَآءُ The medicine entered into him, and produced an effect upon him, or showed its effect upon him; syn. نَجَعَ. (TA.) شَغْلٌ an inf. n. of 1. (K, Msb.) See the next paragraph.

A2: And see also شَغْلَةٌ.

شُغْلٌ and ↓ شَغْلٌ and ↓ شُغُلٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ شَغَلٌ (S, O, K;) Business, occupation, or employment; (PS;) contr. of فَرَاغٌ: (K:) [and particularly business, &c., that diverts one from a thing:] or an occurrence that causes a man to forget, or neglect, or be unmindful: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَشْغَالٌ (S, O, K) and [of mult.] شُغُولٌ: (K:) شُغْلٌ is mentioned by Sb as an instance of an inf. n. having a pl., namely, أَشْغَالٌ; like عَقْلٌ and مَرَضٌ. (TA in art. مرض.) [See also أُشْغُولَةٌ.]

شَغَلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَغِلٌ Busy, or busied, occupied, or employed: (K:) [and particularly busy, &c, so as to be diverted from a thing:] thought by ISd to be a possessive epithet [meaning ذُو شُغْلٍ], because it has no verb to which it is conformable: (TA:) it is an epithet applied to a man, from الشَّغْلُ [or الشُّغْلُ]: (IAar, in O:) and ↓ مَشْغُولٌ signifies the same; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ مُشْتَغِلٌ (Az, Msb, K) and ↓ مُشْتَغَلٌ, (Az, IF, O, Msb, K,) the latter [said to be] extr. [meaning anomalous, for اُشْتُغِلَ is not mentioned by F]. (K.) شُغُلٌ: see شُغْلٌ.

شَغْلَةٌ Reaped grain or wheat, collected together, in the place where it is trodden out; syn. بَيْدَرٌ and كُدْسٌ (IAar, O, K) and عَرَمَةٌ; (IAar, O;) as also ↓ شَغَلَةٌ: (IAth, TA:) pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of the former ↓ شَغْلٌ, (O, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, شُغَلٌ,]) like as تَمْرٌ is of تَمْرَةٌ. (O, TA.) شَغَلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَغَّالٌ signifies كَثِيرُ الشُّغْلِ [i. e. Having much business or occupation or employment; or who busies or occupies or employs himself much]. (TA.) شَاغِلٌ act. part. n. of شَغَلَهُ; [Busying, occupying, or employing; &c.;] (S, Msb;) applied to a man, (S,) or to an affair. (Msb.) [Hence,] one says, عَنْكَ الشَّوَاغِلُ ↓ شَغَلَتْنِى [Busying affairs busied me, or have busied me, so as to divert me from thee]: the last word being pl. of شَاغِلٌ. (TA.) شُغْلٌ شَاغِلٌ [lit. Busying business, or the like,] has an intensive meaning: (K:) the latter word in this case is a corroborative, as in لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ. (S.) أَشْغَلُ [More, and most, busy &c.]. أَشْغَلُ مِنْ ذَاتِ النِّحْيَيْنِ [More busy than she who was the owner of the two skins of butter] is a prov. [mentioned in the TA]: she was a woman of [the tribe of] Teym-Allah: she used to sell clarified butter, in the Time of Ignorance; and Khowwát Ibn-Jubeyr El-Ansáree came to her, demanding to buy clarified butter of her, and saw no one with her, and he bargained with her: so she untied a skin, and he looked at it: then he said to her, “Hold thou it until I look at another: ” and she said, “Untie thou another skin: ” and he did so, and looked at it, and said, “I desire other than this; therefore hold thou it: ” and she did so: and when her hands were [thus] occupied, he assaulted her, and she was unable to repel the him. (Meyd.) أُشْغُولَةٌ an instance of the measure أُفْعُولَةٌ from الشُّغْلُ [similar to أُلْهُوَّةٌ and أُلْهِيَّةٌ, and to أُلْعُوبَةٌ, &c.; app. meaning A thing with which one is busied, &c.: and also syn. with شُغْلٌ]. (O, K.) مَشْغَلَةٌ A thing that causes one to be busied, &c.: (K, * TA:) pl. مَشَاغِلُ. (TA.) مَشْغُولٌ: see شَغِلٌ. b2: [Hence,] فُلَانٌ فَارِغٌ مَشْغُولٌ Such a one is devoted to that which is unprofitable. (TA.) b3: And جَارِيَةٌ مَشْغُولَةٌ A young woman having a husband. (TA.) b4: and مَالٌ مَشْغُولٌ Property devoted to commerce. (TA.) b5: And دَارٌ مَشْغُولَةٌ A house in which are inhabitants. (TA.) مُشْتَغِلٌ and مُشْتَغَلٌ: see شَغِلٌ.

شكل

1 شَكَلَ, as an intrans. verb: see 4, in three places. b2: And see 5.

A2: شَكَلَ الفَرَسَ بِالشِّكَالِ, (S,) or شَكَلَ الدَّابَّةَ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَكْلٌ, (Msb,) He bound [the horse or] the beast, with the شِكَال; (Msb;) [i. e.] he bound the legs of [the horse or] the beast with the rope called شِكَال; as also ↓ شَكَّلَهَا, (K,) inf. n. تَشْكِيلٌ. (TA.) and شَكَلْتُ الطَّائِرَ [app. I bound the legs of the bird in like manner]. (S.) And شَكَلْتُ عَنِ البَعِيرِ I bound the camel's شِكَال between the fore girth and the hind girth; (S;) [i. e.] I put [or extended], between the hind girth and the fore girth of the camel, a cord, or string, called شِكَال, and then bound it, in order that the hind girth might not become [too] near to the sheath of the penis. (TA in art. حقب.) b2: And [hence, i. e.] from the شِكَال of the beast, (TA,) شَكَلَ الكِتَابَ, (AHát, S, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. as above, (Msb, TA,) (tropical:) He restricted [the meaning or pronunciation of] the writing, (قَيَّدَهُ, AHát, S, TA,) or he marked the writing, (أَعْلَمَهُ, Msb,) with the signs of the desinential syntax (AHát, * S, * Msb, TA *) [and the other syllabical signs and the diacritical points]: or i. q. أَعْجَمَهُ: (K:) but AHát says that شَكَلَ الكِتَابَ has the former meaning; and أَعْجَمَهُ signifies he dotted, or pointed, it [with the diacritical points]: (TA:) and الكِتَابَ ↓ اشكل signifies the same as شَكَلَهُ; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as though [meaning] he removed from it dubiousness and confusion; (S, K, * TA;) so that the أ in this case is to denote privation: (TA:) this [J says (TA)] I have transcribed from a book, without having heard it. (S.) b3: And شَكَلَتْ شَعْرَهَا, (O, TA,) aor. ـُ thus correctly, as pointed by IKtt; accord. to the K ↓ شكّلت; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman) plaited two locks of her hair, of the fore part of her head, on the right and left, (O, K, TA,) and then bound with them her other ذَوَائِب [or pendent locks or plaits]. (TA.) b4: And شكل [thus in the TA, so that it may be either شَكَلَ or ↓ شكّل,] (assumed tropical:) He (the lion) compressed the lioness: on the authority of IKtt. (TA.) A3: شَكِلَتْ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. شَكَلٌ, (TA,) She (a woman) used amorous gesture or behaviour; or such gesture, or behaviour, with coquettish boldness, and feigned coyness or opposition; displayed what is termed شِكْل, i. e. غُنْج and دَلّ and غَزَل; (K, TA;) and ↓ تشكّلت [signifies the same], i. e. تَدَلَّلَتْ [and in like manner تشكّل is said of a man]. (TA.) b2: See also شَكَلٌ below, in two places. b3: and شَكِلْتُ إِلَى كَذَا, with kesr [to the ك], i. q. رَكَنْتُ [i. e. I inclined to such a thing; or trusted to, or relied upon, it, so as to be, or become, easy, or quiet, in mind]. (O.) 2 شكّل, as an intrans. verb: see 4: b2: and see also 5.

A2: شكّلهُ, inf. n. تَشْكِيلٌ, He formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured, it; syn. صَوَّرَهُ; (K, TA;) namely, a thing. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places.3 مُشَاكَلَةٌ signifies The being conformable, suitable, agreeable, similar, homogeneous, or congenial; syn. مُوَافَقَةٌ; (S, K;) as also ↓ تَشَاكُلٌ: (IDrd, S, K:) Er-Rághib [strangely] says that المُشَاكَلَةُ is from الشَّكْلُ signifying “ the binding,” or “ shackling,” a beast [with the شِكَال]. (TA.) You say, هُوَ يُشَاكِلُهُ [He, or it, is conformable, &c., with him, or it; or resembles him, or it]. (Msb.) And هٰذَا الأَمْرُ لَا يُشَاكِلُكَ i. e. لَا يُوَافِقُكَ [This affair will not be suitable to thee]. (TA.) And ↓ تَشَاكَلَا They resembled each other. (MA.) 4 اشكل [primarily] signifies صَارَ ذَا شَكْلٍ

[meaning It, or he, was, or became, such as had a likeness or resemblance, or a like, or match, &c.]. (TA.) b2: [And hence, app.,] said of a thing, or case, or an affair; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ شَكَلَ, (O, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, شَكِلَ, evidently not meant by the author of the K, as it is his rule, after mentioning a verb of this form, to add كَفَرِحَ or the like,]) inf. n. شَكْلٌ; (TA;) and ↓ شكّل, (K,) inf. n. تَشْكِيلٌ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, dubious, or confused; syn. اِلْتَبَسَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and اِخْتَلَطَ, (O, TA,) or اِشْتَبَهَ: (Mgh:) [and ↓ اشتكل is mentioned in this sense by Golius as on the authority of J (whom I do not find to have mentioned it either in this art. or elsewhere), and by Freytag as on the authority of Abu-l-'Alà: accord. to Sh, اشكل in this sense is from شُكْلَةٌ signifying “ redness mixed with whiteness: ” (see مُشْكِلٌ:) but] accord. to Er-Rághib, إِشْكَالٌ in a thing, or case, or an affair, is metaphorical, [and] like اِشْتِبَاهٌ from الشِبْهُ. (TA.) One says, اشكل الأَمْرُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) [The thing, or case, or affair, was, or became, dubious, or confused, to the man]; and ↓ شَكَلَ means the same. (Zj, O.) And أَشْكَلَتْ عَلَىَّ الأَخْبَارُ (assumed tropical:) [The tidings were dubious, or confused, to me], and أَحْكَلَتْ; both meaning the same. (TA.) and one says also, عَلَيْهِ إِشْكَالٌ and عليه إِشْكَالَاتٌ [meaning There is doubt, or uncertainty, and there are doubts, or uncertainties, respecting it: thus using the inf. n. as a simple subst., and therefore pluralizing it]. (Mz, 3rd نوع; &c.) b3: It is also said of a disease; [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly cured; because still in a somewhat doubtful state;] like as you say تَمَاثَلَ; and so ↓ شَكَلَ. (TA.) b4: اشكل النَّخْلُ The palm-trees became in that state in which their dates were sweet (Ks, S, A, O, K) and ripe, (Ks, S, O, Msb,) or nearly ripe; (A, TA;) and ↓ تشكّل signifies the same. (O.) b5: And اشكلت العَيْنُ The eye had in it what is termed شُكْلَةٌ [q. v.: see also شَكَلٌ]. (K.) A2: اشكل الكِتَابَ: see 1.5 تشكّل It (a thing, TA) was, or became, formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured; syn. تَصَوَّرَ. (K, TA.) b2: And He became goodly in shape, form, or aspect. (TK in art. طرز.) b3: تشكّل العِنَبُ, (S, K,) and ↓ شَكَلَ, and ↓ شكّل, (K,) The grapes became in that state in which some of them were ripe: (S, K:) or became black, and beginning to be ripe: (K:) thus in the M. (TA.) b4: See also 4, near the end. b5: and see 1, also near the end.6 تَشَاْكَلَ see 3, in two places.8 إِشْتَكَلَ see 4.10 استشكلهُ is often used by the learned in the present day as meaning He deemed it (i. e. a word or phrase or sentence) dubious, or confused.]

شَكْلٌ i. q. شَبَةٌ [as meaning A likeness, resemblance, or semblance; a well-known signification of the latter word, but one which I do not find unequivocally assigned to it in its proper art. in any of the lexicons]. (AA, K, TA. [In the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K, in the place of الشَّبَهُ as the first explanation of الشَّكْلُ in the K accord. to the TA, we find الشِّبْهُ; but that the explanation which I have given is correct, is shown by what here follows.]) One says, فِى فُلَانٍ شَكْلٌ مِنْ أَبِيهِ, meaning شَبَهٌ [i. e. In such a one is a likeness, or resemblance, of his father]: (AA, TA:) and مِنْ أَبِيهِ ↓ فِيهِ أَشْكَلَةٌ and ↓ شُكْلَةٌ (AA, O, K, TA) and ↓ شَاكِلٌ, (O, K, TA,) [likewise] meaning شَبَهٌ, (AA, O, K, TA,) and مُشَابَهَةٌ: (TK:) and ↓ شَاكِلَةٌ also is syn. with شَكْلٌ [in the sense of شَبَهٌ]; (K, TA;) [for] one says, هٰذَا عَلَى شَاكِلَةِ

أَبِيهِ as meaning شَبَهِهِ [i. e. This is accordant to the likeness of his father]. (TA.) b2: And I. q.

مِثَالٌ: you say, هٰذَا عَلَى شَكْلِ هٰذَا, meaning على مِثَالِهِ [i. e. This is according to the model, or pattern, or the mode, or manner, of this]. (TA.) b3: And The shape, form, or figure, (صُورَة,) of a thing; such as is perceived by the senses; and such as is imagined: (K:) the form (هَيْئَة), of a body, caused by the entire contents' being included by one boundary, as in the case of a sphere; or by several boundaries, as in those bodies that have several angles or sides, such as have four and such as have six [&c.]: so says Ibn-El-Kemál: (TA:) pl. [of pauc., in this and in other senses,] أَشْكَالٌ and [of mult.] شُكُولٌ. (K.) b4: [It often means A kind, sort, or variety, of animals, plants, food, &c.] b5: [And The likeness, or the way or manner, of the actions of a person:] it is said in a trad. respecting the description of the Prophet, سَأَلْتُ

أَبِى عَنْ شَكْلِهِ, meaning [I asked my father respecting the likeness of his actions, or] respecting what was like his actions; accord. to IAmb: or, accord. to Az, respecting his particular way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct: (O:) and ↓ شَاكِلَةٌ [likewise, and more commonly,] signifies a particular way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct; (S, O, K, TA;) as in the saying, كُلٌّ يَعْمَلُ عَلَى شَاكِلَتِهِ, (S, O, TA,) in the Kur [xvii. 86], (O, TA,) i. e. Every one does according to his particular way, &c., (Ibn-'Arafeh, S, O, Bd, Jel, TA,) that is suitable to his state in respect of right direction and of error, or to the essential nature of his soul, and to his circumstances that are consequent to the constitution, or temperament, of his body: (Bd:) and according to his nature, or natural disposition, (Ibn-'Arafeh, Er-Rághib, O, TA,) by which he is restricted [as with a شِكَال]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and his direction towards which he would go: (Akh, S, O, K, * TA:) and his side [that he takes]: (Katádeh, O, K, * TA:) and his aim, intention, or purpose: (Katádeh, O, K, TA:) and شَكْلٌ [likewise] signifies aim, intention, or purpose; syn. قَصْدٌ. (TA.) b6: Also A thing that is suitable to one; or fit, or proper, for one: you say, هٰذَا مِنْ هَوَاىَ وَمِنْ شَكْلِى [This is of what is loved by me and of what is suitable to me]: (K, TA:) and لَيْسَ شَكْلُهُ مِنْ شَكْلِى [What is suitable to him is not of what is suitable to me]. (TA.) [And hence, app.,] one says, مَاشَكْلِى وَشَكْلُهُ, meaning What is my case and [what is] his, or its, case? because of his, or its, remoteness from me. (T and TA voce أُمٌّ.) b7: And sing. of أَشْكَالٌ (L, K, TA) signifying Discordant affairs and objects of want, concerning things on account of which one imposes upon himself difficulty and for which one is anxious: (Lth, TA:) and dubious, or confused, affairs: (TA:) or discordant, and dubious, or confused, affairs. (K. [In the CK, المُشَكَّلَة is erroneously put for المُشْكِلَة.]) A2: Also A like; syn. مِثْلٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and so ↓ شِكْلٌ: (O, K:) or, as some say, the like of another in nature or constitution: (Msb: [and accord. to Er-Rághib, it seems that the attribute properly denoted by it is congruity between two persons in respect of the way or manner of acting or conduct: but in the passage in which this is expressed in the TA, I find erasures and alterations which render it doubtful:]) pl. أَشْكَالٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K *) and شُكُولٌ [as above]. (S, O, Msb, K. *) One says, هٰذَا شَكْلُ هٰذَا This is the like of this. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ شَكْلُ فُلَانٍ Such a one is the like of such a one in his several states or conditions [&c.]. (TA.) In the saying in the Kur [xxxviii. 58], وَآخَرُ مِنْ شَكْلِهِ, (O, TA,) meaning And other punishment of the like thereof, (Zj, TA,) Mujáhid read ↓ من شِكْلِهِ. (O, TA.) A3: Also sing. of أَشْكَالٌ signifying, (O, K,) accord. to IAar, (O,) Certain ornaments (O, K) consisting of pearls or of silver, (K,) resembling one another, worn as ear-drops by women: (O, K:) or, as some say, the sing. signifies a certain thing which girls, or young women, used to append to their hair, of pearls or of silver. (O.) A4: And A species of plant, (IAar, O, K,) diversified in colour, (K,) yellow and red. (IAar, O, K.) A5: [And The various syllabical signs, or vowel-points

&c., by which the pronunciation of words is indicated and restricted: originally an inf. n., and therefore thus used in a pl. sense.]

A6: See also the next paragraph.

شِكْلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, latter part, in two places.

A2: Also, as an attribute of a woman, Amorous gesture or behaviour; or such gesture, or behaviour, combined with coquettish boldness, and feigned coyness or opposition; syn. دَلٌّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and غُنْجٌ, and غَزَلٌ; (K; [in the CK, غَزْل, which is a mistranscription;]) or her غُنْج, and comely or pleasing دَلّ, whereby a woman renders herself comely or pleasing; (TA;) and ↓ شَكْلٌ signifies the same. (K.) One says اِمْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ شِكْلٍ [A woman having amorous gesture or behaviour; &c.]. (S, O, Msb.) شَكَلٌ, in a sheep or goat, The quality of being white in the شَاكِلَة. (S, O. [See أَشْكَلُ.]) [In this sense, accord. to the TK, an inf. n., of which the verb is ↓ شَكِلَ, said of a ram &c.]. b2: and in an eye, The quality of having what is termed شُكْلَة [q. v.]. (S, O.) [Accord. to the TK, in this sense also an inf. n., of which the verb is ↓ شَكِلَ, said of a thing, as meaning It had a redness in its whiteness.]

شُكْلَةٌ: see شَكْلٌ, first signification. b2: One says also, فِيهِ شُكْلَةٌ مِنْ سُمْرَةٍ [In him, or it, is an admixture of a tawny, or brownish, colour], and شُكْلَةٌ مِنْ سَوَادٍ [an admixture of blackness]: (TA:) [or] شُكْلَةٌ signifies redness mixed with whiteness: (Sh, Msb, TA:) in camels, (K, TA,) and in sheep or goats, (TA,) blackness mixed with redness, (K, TA,) or with dust-colour: in the hyena, accord. to IAar, a colour in which are blackness and an ugly yellowness: (TA:) in the eye, a redness in the white: (Mgh:) or, in the eye, i. q. شُهْلَةٌ [q. v.]: (K:) or, accord. to AO, (TA,) the like of a redness in the white of the eye; (S, O, TA;) and such was in the eyes of the Prophet; (O;) but if in the black of the eye, it is termed شُهْلَةٌ: (S, O, TA:) and the like is in the eyes of the [hawks, or falcons, termed] صُقُور and بُزَاة: accord. to some, it is yellowness mixing with the white of the eye, around the black, as in the eye of the hawk (الصَّقْر); but he [i. e. AO] says, I have not heard it used except in relation to redness, not in relation to yellowness. (TA.) فِيهِ شُكْلَةٌ مِنْ دَمٍ means In him, or it, is a little [or a small admixture] of blood. (TA.) شَكِلَةٌ A woman using, or displaying, what is termed شِكْل, i. e. غُنْج and دَلّ and غَزَل [meaning amorous gesture or behaviour, &c.], (K, TA,) in a comely, or pleasing, manner. (TA.) شَكْلَآءُ fem. of أَشْكَلُ [q. v.]. (S, O.) A2: Also A want; syn. حَاجَةٌ; and so ↓ أَشْكَلَةٌ, (S, O, K, [both of these words twice mentioned in this sense in the K,]) and ↓ شَوْكَلَآءُ; this last and the second on the authority of IAar; (O;) accord. to Er-Rághib, such as binds, or shackles, (تُقَيِّد,) a man [as though with a شِكَال]. (TA.) One says, ↓ لَنَا قِبَلَكَ أَشْكَلَةٌ [&c.] i. e. حَاجَةٌ [We have a want to be supplied to us on thy part; meaning we want a thing of thee]. (S, O.) A3: Also i. q. مُدَاهَنَةٌ. (So in the O and TA. [But whether by this explanation be meant the inf. n., or the fem. pass. part. n., of دَاهَنَ, is not indicated. Words of the measure فَعْلَآءُ having the meaning of an inf. n., like بَغْضَآءُ, are rare.]) شِكَالٌ, of which the pl. is شُكُلٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) the latter also pronounced شُكْلٌ, (TA,) i. q. عِقَالٌ [A cord, or rope, with which a camel's fore shank and arm are bound together]: (S, O:) [or, accord. to the TA, by عقال is here meant what next follows:] a rope with which the legs of a beast (دَابَّة) are bound: (K:) a bond that is attached upon the fore and hind foot [or feet] of a horse [or the like] and of a camel: (KL:) [hobbles for a horse or the like, having a rope extending from the shackles of the fore feet to those of the hind feet: so accord. to present usage; and so accord. to the TK, in Turkish كوستك: Fei says only,] the شِكَال of the beast (دابّة) is well known; and the pl. is as above. (Msb.) In relation to the [camel's saddle called]

رَحْل, (K, TA,) accord. to As, (S, O, TA,) A string, or cord, that is put [or extended and tied] between the تَصْدِير [or fore girth] and the حَقَب [or hind girth], (S, O, K, TA,) in order that the latter may not become [too] near to the sheath of the penis; also called the زِوَار, on the authority of AA: (S, O, TA:) and [in relation to the saddle called قَتَب,] a bond [in like manner extended and tied, for the same purpose,] between the حَقَب [or hind girth] and the بِطَان [by which is meant the fore girth, answering to the تَصْدِير of the رَحْل]: and a bond [probably meaning the rope men-tioned in the explanation given from the K in the preceding sentence] between the fore leg and the hind leg. (K, TA.) b2: Also, in a horse, (tropical:) The quality of having three legs distinguished by [the whiteness of the lower parts which is termed]

تَحْجِيل, and one leg free therefrom; (S, O, K, TA;) [this whiteness] being likened to the عِقَال termed شِكَال: (S, O:) or having three legs free from تَحْجِيل, and one hind leg distinguished thereby: (S, O, K, * TA: *) accord. to A'Obeyd, it is only in the hind leg; not in the fore leg: (S, O:) or, accord. to AO, (TA,) having the whiteness of the تَحْجِيل in one hind leg and fore leg, on the opposite sides, (Mgh, * TA,) whether the whiteness be little or much: (TA:) [when this is the case, the horse is said to be ذُو شِكَالٍ مِنْ خِلَافٍ: see 3 (last sentence) in art. خلف:] the Prophet disliked what is thus termed in horses. (O.) شَكِيلٌ (tropical:) Foam mixed with blood, appearing upon the bit-mouth, or mouth-piece of the bit. (Z, O, K, TA.) شَاكِلٌ: see شَكْلٌ, first signification. b2: Also A whiteness between the عِذَار [which see, for it has various meanings,] and the ear. (Ktr, S, O. [See also شَاكِلَةٌ.]) شَوْكَلٌ: see شَوْكَلَةٌ. b2: One says, اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ شَوْكَلًا وَاحِدًا, meaning Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) شَاكِلَةٌ: see شَكْلٌ, former half, in two places.

A2: الشَّاكِلَةُ, also, signifies The flank; syn. الخَاصِرَةُ, i. e. الطَّفْطَفَةُ: (S, O:) [or,] in a horse, the skin that is between the side (عُرْض) of the خَاصِرَة and the ثَفِنَة, (K, TA,) which latter means [the stifle-joint, i. e.] the joint of the فَخِذ and سَاق: or as some say, the شَاكِلَتَانِ are the two exterior parts of the طَفْطَفَتَانِ [or two flanks] from the place to which the last of the ribs reaches to the edge of [the hip-bone called] the حَرْقَفَة on each side of the belly. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَ شَاكِلَةَ الرَّمِيَّةِ, meaning [He hit] the خَاصِرَة [or flank] of the رميّة [or animal shot at]. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, أَصَابَ شَاكِلَةَ الصَّوَابِ (tropical:) [He hit the point that he aimed at, of the thing that was right]: and هُوَ يَرْمِى بِرَأْيِهِ الشَّوَاكِلَ (tropical:) [He hits, by his opinion, or judgment, the right points]. (TA.) Ibn-'Abbád says that [the pl.]

شَوَاكِلُ signifies [also] The hind legs; because they are shackled [with the شِكَال]. (O.) b2: Also The part between the ear and the temple. (IAar, K, TA.) b3: And شَوَاكِلُ (which is the pl. of شَاكِلَةٌ, TA) (assumed tropical:) Roads branching off from a main road. (K.) You say طَرِيقٌ ذُو شَوَاكِلَ (assumed tropical:) A road having many roads branching off from it. (O.) b4: And شَاكِلَتَا الطَّرِيقِ means (tropical:) The two sides of the road: you say طَرِيقٌ ظَاهِرُ الشَّوَاكِلِ (tropical:) [A road of which the sides are apparent, or conspicuous]. (TA.) شَوْكَلَةٌ, (so in the O, as on the authority of IAar,) or ↓ شَوْكَلٌ, (so in the K,) thus says EzZejjájee, but Fr says the former, [like IAar,] (TA,) i. q. رَجَّالَةٌ [as meaning The footmen of an army or the like]: (Fr, IAar, Ez-Zejjájee, O, K, TA:) or مَيْمَنَةٌ [meaning the right wing of an army]: or مَيْسَرَةٌ [meaning the left wing thereof]. (Ez-Zejjájee, K, TA.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيْةٌ [probably as meaning The side, region, quarter, or direction, towards which one goes; like شَاكِلَةٌ, as expl. by Akh and others, in a saying mentioned voce شَكْلٌ]. (IAar, O, K.) A2: Also i. q. عَوْسَجَةٌ [i. e. A tree of the species called عَوْسَج, q. v.]. (IAar, O, K.) شَوْكَلَآءُ: see شَكْلَآءُ, above.

أَشْكَلُ More, and most, like; syn. أَشْبَةُ: so in the saying, هٰذَا أَشْكَلُ بِكَذَا [This is more, or most, like to such a thing]. (S, K. *) b2: Also Of a colour in which whiteness and redness are intermixed; (S, Msb, K;) applied to blood; and, accord. to IDrd, a name for blood, because of the redness and whiteness intermixed therein; (S;) [and] applied to a man; (Msb;) or to anything: (TA:) or in which is whiteness inclining to redness and duskiness: (K:) or it signifies, with the Arabs, [of] two colours intermixed. (TA.) [Hence,] it is applied to water, (K, TA,) as meaning (tropical:) Mixed with blood: (TA: [see an ex. in a verse cited voce حَتَّى:]) pl. شُكْلٌ. (K.) And the fem., شَكْلَآءُ, is applied as an epithet to an eye, (S, K,) meaning Having in it what is termed شُكْلَةٌ, which is the like of a redness in the white thereof; like شُهْلَةٌ in the black: (S:) pl. as above. (K.) A man is said to be أَشْكَلُ العَيْنِ, meaning Having a redness, (Mgh,) or the like of a redness, (O,) in the white of the eye: (Mgh, O:) the Prophet is said to have been أَشْكَلُ العَيْنِ: and it has been expl. as meaning long in the slit of the eye: (K:) but ISd says that this is extraordinary; and MF, that the leading authorities on the trads. consentaneously assert it to be a pure mistake, and inapplicable to the Prophet, even if lexicologically correct. (TA.) b3: Applied to a camel, (K, TA,) and to a sheep or goat, (TA,) of which the blackness is mixed with redness, (K, TA,) or with dust-colour; as though its colour were dubious to thee: (TA:) pl. as above, applied to rams &c., (K, TA,) in this sense. (TA.) b4: Applied to a sheep or goat, White in the شَاكِلَة [or flank]: (S, O:) fem.

شَكْلَآءُ; (S;) applied to a ewe, as meaning white in the شَاكِلَة, (K, TA,) the rest of her being black. (TA.) A2: Also The mountain-species of سِدْر [or lote-tree]; (S, O, K;) described to AHn, by some one or more of the Arabs of the desert, as a sort of trees like the عُنَّاب [or jujube] in its thorns and the crookedness of its branches, but smaller in leaf, and having more branches; very hard, and having a small drupe, (نُبَيْقَة, [dim. of نَبِقَةٌ, n. un. of نَبِقٌ, which means the “ drupes of the سِدْر,”]) which is very acid: the places of its growth are lofty mountains; and bows are made of it [as is shown by an ex. in the S and O]: (TA:) [app. with tenween, having a] n. un. with ة: (S, K:) AHn says that the growth of the اشكل is like [that of] the trees called شِرْيَان [of which likewise bows are made]. (TA.) أَشْكَلَةٌ: see شَكْلٌ, first signification. b2: Also i. q. لُبْسٌ [meaning (assumed tropical:) Dubiousness, or confusedness]. (K.) A2: See also شَكْلَآءُ, in two places.

A3: Also A single tree of the species called أَشْكَل [q. v.]. (S, K.) مُشْكِلٌ, from أَشْكَلَ in the first of the senses assigned to it above, signifies Entering among [meaning confused with] its likes. (TA.) b2: And [hence, app., or] accord. to Sh, from شُكْلَةٌ meaning “ redness mixed with whiteness,” it signifies (assumed tropical:) Dubious, or confused. (TA.) [Used as a subst.,] it has for its pl. مُشْكِلَاتٌ [and مَشَاكِلُ also: for] one says, هُوَ يَفُكُّ المَشَاكِلَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [He solves] the things, or affairs, that are dubious, or confused. (TA.) b3: مشكل [app. مُشْكِلٌ], applied to a horse, means Having a whiteness in his flanks. (AA, TA in art. دعم.) مُشَكَّلٌ Endowed with a goodly aspect, or appearance, and form. (TA.) مَشْكُولٌ A horse bound, or shackled, with the شِكَال [q. v.]. (O, TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A horse distinguished by the whiteness in the lower parts of certain of the legs which is denoted by the term شِكَالٌ [q. v.]: (S, Mgh, * O, TA:) such was disliked by the Prophet. (S.) [See also مُحَجَّلٌ.]

b3: And (tropical:) A writing restricted [in its meaning or pronunciation] with the signs of the desinential syntax [and the other syllabical signs and the diacritical points]. (AHát, TA.)

شول

1 شَالَ, [aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. شُوْلٌ, (TK,) It rose; or became raised, or elevated; (S, O, Msb, K;) said, in this sense, of a she-camel's tail; (S, O, K;) [and in like manner of a star; (see Ham p. 239;)] and ↓ انشال signifies the same, (O, K,) said of a stone, (K,) and so انشالت said of a jar (جَرَّة); (S, O;) and likewise ↓ اشتال. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] شال المِيْزَانُ The balance had one of its two scales higher than the other, (S, O, Msb, TA,) by reason of its lightness. (Msb.) Whence the saying, شال مِيزَانُ فُلَانٍ, aor. ـُ inf. n. شَوَلَانٌ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one was overcome in contending with another for superiority in glory or the like. (TA.) b3: And شالت القِرْبَةُ, and شال الزِّقُّ, The legs of the water-skin, and of the skin for wine &c., became raised, or elevated, on the occasion of its being filled, or inflated. (TA.) b4: And شَالَ لَبَنُهَا [meaning Her milk became drawn up, or withdrawn,] is said of a camel. (TA.) b5: One says also, شالت نَعَامَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, flurried, agitated, or excited, (خَفَّ,) and angry, and then became calm. (K.) And شالت نَعَامَتُهُمْ (assumed tropical:) Their might (عِزُّهُمْ) departed: (O, K:) or their abodes became clear of them, as though lightened of them, (خَفَّتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ مِنْهُمْ, K, TA,) and they went away: (TA:) or their expression of opinion was, or became, discordant: (تَفَرَّقَتْ كَلِمَتُهُمْ: K:) or they died: and they became scattered, or dispersed; as though there remained not of them save a remnant; [see شَوْلٌ;] النَّعَامَةُ signifying الجَمَاعَةُ: (TA:) or they became irresolute, by reason of fear, and fled: (Msb:) or they were frightened, and fled. (M in art. رأل.) [See also نَعَامَةٌ: and see a verse cited voce إِمَّا.]

A2: شُلْتُ بِهِ, and شُلْتُهُ; (Msb;) and ↓ أَشَلْتُهُ; (O, Msb;) or شُلْتُ بِالجَرَّةِ, for which one should not say شِلْتُ [which the vulgar say in the present day, making it trans. by itself]; (S, O;) and ↓ أَشَلْتُهَا; (S;) or شال بِالحَجَرِ; and ↓ اشالهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِشَالَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ شاولهُ; (K;) aor. of the first as above, inf. n. شَوْلٌ; (S, O, Msb;) I raised, (S, O, Msb,) or he raised, (K,) it, (O, Msb,) namely, a thing, (O,) or the jar, (S, O,) or the stone. (K.) And شالت بِذَنَبِهَا, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, O, K,) inf. n. شَوْلٌ (O, Msb, K) and شَوَلَانٌ; (O, K;) and ↓ اشالتهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِشَالَةٌ; and ↓ استشالتهُ; (TA;) She (a camel) raised her tail, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) having become pregnant. (Msb. [See شَائِلٌ: and see also 2.]) And شالت بِذَنَبِهَا It (a scorpion) raised its tail. (TA.) And شال يَدَهُ He raised his arm or hand; like شال بِهَا. (Msb.) And بِضَبْعِهِ ↓ اشال He raised his ضَبْع [generally expl. as meaning the upper half of the arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade]. (TA.) 2 شَوَّلَ شوّلت, said of a she-camel, (S, O, K,) She became such as is termed شَائِلَة: (S, O, TA: [in one of my copies of the S, صَارَ شَوْلًا is erroneously put for صَارَتْ شَائِلَةً:]) or her supplies of milk dried up; (جَفَّتْ أَلْبَانُهَا; K, TA; [but perhaps the right reading is خَفَّتْ, meaning became scanty; for SM adds,]) and became little in quantity. (TA.) And شوّلت الإِبِلُ The camels became in such a state that their bellies [were drawn up as though they] reached their backs: (K, TA:) or became such as to have [only] a شَوْل [or small quantity remaining] of milk: like as one says, (O, TA,) شوّلت المَزَادَةُ The مزادة [or leathern water-bag] had little water remaining in it: (O, K, TA:) one should not say شَالَت. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَشْوِيلٌ of the ذَكَر signifies Its being in a relaxed state on the occasion of مُجَامَعَة. (O, K.) And شوّل said of a horse means, like رَفَّضَ, He put forth his veretrum without being vigorously lustful. (TA in art. رفض.) b3: شوّل said of a غَرْب [or large bucket], Its water became little in quantity. (O, K.) Said of a she-camel's milk, It became deficient: (K, TA:) and it became withdrawn. (TA.) And said of water, It became little in quantity. (K.) b4: In the following saying, (S, TA,) of Abu-n-Nejm, (TA,) حَتَّى إِذَا مَا العِشْرُ عَنْهَا شَوَّلَا the poet means, ذَهَبَ and تَصَرَّمَ [i. e. Until, when the coming to water on the tenth day after the next preceding period of abstinence ceased from her or them... referring to a camel or to camels]. (S, TA.) b5: شوّل فِى المَزَادَةِ He left somewhat remaining (أَبْقَى شَوْلًا) of water in the مزادة [or leathern water-bag]. (K, * TA.) 3 شاولهُ: see 1, latter half. b2: Also, and شاول بِهِ, and شاول بِهِ فِى الطِّعَانِ, [inf. n. مُشَاوَلَةٌ,] He contended with him in thrusting [with the spear]. (TA.) See also 6. b3: And شاول الفَحْلُ الفَحْلَ The stallion [camel] fought with, or combated, the stallion [camel]. (Ham p. 660.) 4 أَشْوَلَ see 1, latter half, in five places.6 تشاولوا They reached, or smote, one another, (تَنَاوَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا,) in fight, with the spears: and ↓ مُشَاوَلَةٌ has a similar signification [to تَشَاوُلٌ, as shown above by an explanation of its verb, 3]. (Az, S, O.) 7 إِنْشَوَلَ see 1, first sentence.8 إِشْتَوَلَ see 1, first sentence. b2: اشتال لَهُ (tropical:) He opposed himself to him, and reviled him. (O, K, TA.) 10 إِسْتَشْوَلَ see 1, near the end of the paragraph.

شَالٌ A certain fish of the sea, or of great rivers (سَمَكَةٌ بَحْرِيَّةٌ): (TA:) [in Egypt this name is applied to a fish of the genus silurus, found in the Nile: it is well described by Sonnini, in p. 407 of the 4to Engl. ed. of his Travels in Upper and Lower Egypt.]

A2: Also A certain kind of رِدَآء

[here meaning shawl], made in Cashmere and Lahore, and brought for sale to other countries; [erroneously] said to be made of camels' fur; and so called because raised to the shoulders, if it be an Arabic word [which is not the case, for it is from the Pers\. شَالٌ, whence our word “ shawl ”]: pl. شِيلَانٌ and شَالَاتٌ. (TA.) شَوْلٌ: see شَائِلَةٌ, voce شَائِلٌ: A2: and شَوْلَةٌ.

A3: Also Somewhat remaining of water in the skin and in the bucket, (K,) and of milk in the udder: (TA:) and a small quantity of water (S, O, K, TA) in the bottom of the water-skin (S, O, TA) and of the leathern water-bag: (TA:) [in the CK, المالُ القَلِيلُ is erroneously put for المَآءُ القَلِيلُ:] pl. أَشْوَالٌ. (S, O, K.) It is said in a prov., مَا ضَرَّ نَابًا شَوْلُهَا المُعَلَّقُ (Meyd, TA,) i. e. Her small quantity of water [that is hung upon her does not harm an aged she-camel]: or نَابِى [my aged she-camel]: applied to the case of carrying that which will not harm thee if it be with thee, and will be useful to thee if thou be in want of it: (Meyd:) or applied to him who is enjoined to take the prudent course and to supply himself with travelling-provision though he be going to such provision. (TA.) A4: And Light, active, or agile; syn. خَفِيفٌ: (K:) so in the M. (TA.) [See also the next paragraph.]

شَوِلٌ One that raises a thing. (TA. [See also شَائِلٌ.]) b2: And A man light, active, or agile, (خَفِيفٌ,) in work, and in service, (S, O, K,) and in respect of what is wanted; and quick: (K:) thus in a verse of El-Aashà: (O, TA:) [but accord. to the reading of AO of that verse, it is ↓ شُوُلٌ, which has a similar, but intensive, meaning. (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., ii. 484-5.) See also what next follows.]

شُوَلٌ, like صُرَدٌ [in measure], One who aids, or assists, much or well; syn. نَصُورٌ. (O, TA.) [See also what next precedes.]

شُوُلٌ: see شَوِلٌ.

شَوْلَةٌ The part that it raises of the tail of the scorpion; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ شَوْلٌ: (Ham p.

649:) or, accord. to Sh, its sting, with which it strikes. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] الشَّوْلَةُ (assumed tropical:) Two bright stars, near together, λ and ν,] (S, O,) in the end of the tail of Scorpio, (Kzw,) which are one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, O, Kzw,) namely, the Nineteenth Mansion; (Kzw;) also called حُمَةُ العَقْرَبِ. (S, O.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] b3: And شَوْلَةُ is a proper name for The scorpion; (O, TA;) [and] so ↓ شَوَّالَةُ. (K, TA.) A2: Also A foolish, or stupid, woman. (IAar, O, K.) شَوْلَةُ was the name of A certain foolish female slave, belonging to [the tribe of] 'Adwán, and she used to give advice to her masters, and it resulted in evil to them; whence the saying, أَنْتَ شَوْلَةُ النَّاصِحَةُ [Thou art Showleh the giver of advice]. (S, O, K.) b2: Also the name of The mare of Zeyd-el-Fawáris Ed-Dabbee. (O, K.) شُوَيْلَآءُ A certain plant, (AHn, O, K,) mentioned, but not described, by As; of the kind termed عُشْب, growing in plain, or soft, land, (AHn, O,) used as a medicament, (AHn, O, K,) and well known: (AHn, O:) [Sgh says,] I have seen it: it is dust-coloured, spreads upon the ground, has no thorns, and the cattle eagerly desire it: (O:) it is called (O, K) sometimes, (K,) by some of the people of El-'Irák, (O,) ↓ شُوَّيْلٌ, like فُبَّيْطٌ [in measure]. (O, K.) شَوَّالٌ The tail of the scorpion. (TA. [So called because often raised.]) b2: Also, (S, O, Msb, K,) and sometimes it is called الشَّوَّالُ, (Msb,) The month of the festival of the breaking of the fast; (Msb, K; *) the month next after رَمَضَان; (TA;) the first of the months of the pilgrimage; (S, O;) [the tenth month of the lunar year:] as some assert, (IDrd, O,) so called because [when first thus named] it coincided with the season when the she-camels [being seven or eight months gone with young] raised their tails: (IDrd, O, Msb, TA:) [for the camels generally couple in winter:] or because of their milk becoming then withdrawn; such being the case with the camels in the time of vehement heat and of the coming to an end of the juicy fresh herbage: [see a table of the months voce زَمَنٌ:] the Arabs used to regard the making of marriage-contracts in this month as of evil omen; and to say that the woman [then] married would resist him who married her, like as the she-camel resists the stallion and raises her tail; but the Prophet abolished their thus auguring, and he married 'Áïsheh in this month: (TA:) the pl. is شَوَّالَاتٌ and شَوَاوِيلُ (S, Msb, K) and شَوَاوِلُ, this last formed by rejecting the augmentative letter [in the second]. (TA.) شُوَّيْلٌ: see شُوَيْلَآءُ.

شَوَّالَةٌ [not (as is implied in the K) شَوَّالَةُ] A certain bird, (AHát, O, K,) a دُخَّلَة [n. un. of دُخَّلٌ q. v.], of a dusky colour, which, when it alights upon a stone or a tree, moves up and down its tail like as does the camel; so called because it raises its tail; and in its belly and its hinder part is somewhat of redness. (AHát, O, TA.) b2: See also شَوْلَةٌ. b3: [Hence, as being likened to the scorpion, whence also the phrase إِنَّهُ لَتَدِبُّ عَقَارِبُهُ,] اِمْرَأَةٌ شَوَّالَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman wont to calumniate. (K.) شَائِلٌ A she-camel raising her tail, (S, O, Msb, K,) having conceived, (Msb,) or by reason of having conceived, and having no milk whatever: (S, O, K:) or a she-camel that has conceived, and raises her tail to the stallion as a sign of her having conceived, raising her head therewith, and elevating her nose: (Az, TA:) the word is without ة because it is an epithet of peculiar application [to a female]: (Msb:) or it is without ة anomalously; for the male also raises his tail: (ISd, TA:) the pl. is شُوَّلٌ (Az, S, O, Msb, K) and شُيَّلٌ and شِيَّلٌ and شُوَّالٌ. (K.) Also, with ة, applied to a mare, as meaning Raising the tail. (TA.) b2: And شَائِلَةٌ, which is anomalously with ة because it is an epithet denoting an attribute not shared with the female by the male, (ISd, TA,) A she-camel that has passed seven months, (S, O, K,) or eight, (S, O,) since the period of her bringing forth, (S, O, K,) or of her becoming pregnant, (K,) and whose milk has dried up, (جَفَّ لَبَنُهَا, K, and so in a copy of the S,) or whose milk has become scanty, (خَفَّ لَبَنُهَا, O, and so in another copy of the S,) and her udder drawn up, (S, O,) there remaining in her udder no more than a شَوْل, a third of the quantity of the contents thereof when her bringing forth was recent: (TA:) she-camels in this case are termed ↓ شَوْلٌ, (S, O, K,) an anomalous pl., (K,) [or rather a quasi-pl. n.,] expl. by some as applied to she-camels whose milk has become deficient, which is the case when their young are weaned at the period of the [auroral] rising of سُهَيْل [or Canopus, a period which commenced, in Central Arabia, about the beginning of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.], and they cease not to be thus termed until the stallion is sent among them; (TA;) the pl. pl. [or pl. of شَوْلٌ] is أَشْوَالٌ; (K;) and شَوَائِلُ is a pl. of شَائِلَةٌ meaning [as expl. above, or] a she-camel whose milk has become withdrawn. (TA.) b3: شَائِلٌ is also applied to Anything that is raised, or drawn up, or withdrawn. (TA.) شَوْشَلَآءُ Initus; syn. نَيْكٌ: said to be an Abyssinian word. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) مِشْوَلٌ A small مِنْجَل [or reaping-hook: in the CK, erroneously, مُنْخُل]. (S, O, K, TA.) مُشِيلٌ act. part. n. of 4. See an ex. in a verse cited voce خَافِض; cited also in the present art. in the S and O.

مِشْوَلَةٌ is said by Yz to signify A certain thing with which one plays. (O, TA.) مِشْوَالٌ A stone that is raised. (Lh, K.)

شفه

1 شَفَهَهُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَفْهٌ, (TK,) He struck his شَفَة [i. e. lip]. (K.) b2: شُفِهَ, [said of a water, (assumed tropical:) It had many lips of drinkers applied to it; i. e. it had many drinkers: (see its part. n.:) and] said of food, (tropical:) It had many eaters: (K, TA:) or [as a consequence thereof] it became little in quantity. (TA.) b3: And [hence], said of property, (assumed tropical:) It had many seekers. (K.) b4: And, said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He had many askers, or beggars, (K, TA,) so that they consumed what he had, or possessed. (TA.) [Or (assumed tropical:) He was importuned by begging, so that what he had, or possessed, was consumed: as pass. of what next follows.] b5: شَفَهَهُ (assumed tropical:) He importuned him by begging, so that he consumed what he had, or possessed. (S, K.) And one says, كَادَ العِيَالُ يَشْفَهُونَ مَالِى (tropical:) The family, or household, almost consumed my property. (K, * TA.) b6: Also, (S, K,) inf. n. شَفْهٌ, (S,) i. q. شَغَلَ. (S, K.) You say, شَفَهَنِى عَنْ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He, or it, occupied me so as to divert me from such a thing; syn. شَغَلَنِى. (S.) And نَحْنُ نَشْفَهُ عَلَيْكَ المَرْتَعَ, and المَآءَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) We occupy the place of pasturage so as to keep it from thee, and the water, (نَشْغَلُهُ عَنْكَ,) i. e. it is sufficient for us without being more than sufficient. (S, TA.) And شُفِهَ عَنْكَ مَا عِنْدَنَا (assumed tropical:) What we had was employed so as to be kept from thee; syn. شُغِلَ عَنْكَ. (JK.) A2: IAar mentions the phrase شَفَهْتُ نَصِيبِى, with fet-h, without explaining it; but Th says that it is سفهت, [i. e.

سَفِهْتُ, with س, and with kesr to the ف,] meaning “ I forgot [my share, or portion]. ” (TA.) 3 شافههُ, (K,) inf. n. مُشَافَهَةٌ, (TA,) He put his lip (شَفَتَهُ) near to his [another's] lip. (K, TA.) And كَلَّمَهُ مُشَافَهَةً (Msb, TA) and مُشَافَاةً (Msb) He spoke to him putting his lip near to his lip: (TA:) [or mouth to mouth; for,] accord. to J, (TA,) مُشَافَهَةٌ signifies the talking with another mouth to mouth: (S, TA:) but the usage of the inf. n. of a verb different from that which it is thus made to qualify is, as Sb says, restricted to instances that have been heard: the phrase كَلَّمَهُ مُفَاوَهَةً [has not been heard, and therefore] is not allowable. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] شافه البَلَدَ, and الأَمْرَ, (tropical:) He was, or became, or drew, near to the town, or country, and the affair. (A, K, TA.) شَفَةٌ, (T, S, Msb, K, &c.,) also pronounced ↓ شِفَةٌ, (K,) is a word of which the third, i. e. the final, radical letter is elided; (T, Msb;) and accord. to some, (Msb,) this letter is ه, (T, Msb, K, TA,) so accord. to all of the Basrees, (TA,) the word being originally ↓ شفهة, (T, S, Msb, TA,) i. e. شَفَهَةٌ, (so in copies of the S,) or شَفْهَةٌ, like كَلْبَهٌ and سَجْدَةٌ, (Msb,) because it has the former of the dims. mentioned below, and the first of the pls. mentioned below, with ه, (S, Msb, *) and it is sometimes pronounced شفهة; (T, TA;) or, as some assert, the deficient letter is و, (S, Msb,) the word being originally شَفْوَةٌ, like شَهْوَةٌ, (Msb,) because it has the last of the pls. mentioned below, (S, [but omitted in one of my copies,] and Msb, *) and the latter of the two dims. mentioned below; (Msb;) both of which assertions are stated on the authority of Kh; (IF, Msb;) [The lip of a human being;] شَفَتَا الإِنْسَانِ meaning the two covers of the mouth of the human being: (K:) it is [properly] only of a human being: (Msb:) but it is sometimes, metaphorically, of the horse: and in like manner, of the دَلْو [or leathern bucket] as used by A'Obeyd; but ISd has expressed a doubt whether he had heard this from the Arabs: (TA:) the pl. is شِفَاهٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and شَفَهَاتٌ (Lth, Msb, TA) and شَفَوَاتٌ, (Lth, S, Msb, K,) the second of which is said by Lth to be more agreeable with analogy than the third, though the third is more common, as being likened to سَنَوَاتٌ [pl. of سَنَةٌ]: (Az, (Msb, TA:) and Ks mentions the phrase, إِنَّهُ لَغَلِيظُ الشِفَاهِ [as meaning Verily he is thick in the lip], as though the term شَفَةٌ applied to every portion of the شَفَة: (TA:) the dim. is ↓ شُفَيْهَةُ (S, Msb) and شُفَيَّةٌ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] هُمْ أَهْلُ الشَّفَةِ (assumed tropical:) They are those who have the right of drinking with their lips (بِشِفَاهِهِمْ) and of watering their beasts. (Mgh.) b3: And بِنْتُ شَفَةٍ (tropical:) A word; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ذَاتُ شَفَةٍ. (TA.) One says, مَا كَلَّمْتُهُ بِبِنْتِ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) I spoke not to him a word: (S:) or مَا كَلَّمَنِىبِنْتَ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) He spoke not to me a word: (TA:) and مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ بِنْتَ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) I heard not from him a word: (Msb:) and مَا كَلَّمْتُ فُلَانًا ذَاتَ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) I spoke not to such a one a word. (Az, T voce ذُو.) b4: And فُلَانٌ خَفِيفُ الشَّفَةِ (tropical:) Such a one is a person who asks, or begs, little of people: (ISk, S, K, * TA:) and also, (tropical:) importunate, (K, TA,) one who asks, or begs, much of people: (TA:) thus having two contr. meanings. (K.) b5: And لَهُ فِى النَّاسِ شَفَةٌ (assumed tropical:) He has praise, or commendation, among the people: (S:) and لَهُ فِينَا شَفَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ (tropical:) He has a good report, or reputation, among us. (A, K, TA.) and إِنَّ شَفَةَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْكَ لَحَسَنَةٌ (tropical:) Verily the people's speaking of thee is good. (Lh, TA.) And مَا

أَحْسَنَ شَفَةَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْكَ (tropical:) How good is the people's speaking of thee! (K, TA.) b6: See also شَفًا, in art. شفو and شفى.

شِفَةٌ, and see the next preceding paragraph.

شَفَهَةٌ or شَفْهَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَفَهِىٌّ and شَفِىٌّ are both allowable as rel. ns. of شَفَةٌ [i. e. as meaning Labial: and so, accord. to some, is شَفَوِىٌّ]. (S.) الحُرُوفُ الشَّفَهِيَّةُ (Kh, T, S, Msb, K) and الشَّفَوِيَّةُ, (Kh, T, Msb,) or the latter is not allowable, (S,) [i. e. The labial letters,] are ب and ف and م: (T, S, K:) [or, accord. to Lumsden (Ar. Gr. p. 28), ب and م and و: and, it seems, accord. to some, (see De Sacy's Gr. Ar. sec. ed. i. 27,) ج and ش and ض, which is strange:] so called because their place of utterance is from the شَفَة, without any action of the tongue. (T, TA.) شُفَيْهَةٌ: dim. of شَفَةٌ, q. v.

شُفَاهِىٌّ A man (S, Mgh) large [in some copies of the S thick] in the شَفَتَانِ [or lips]; (S, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ أَشْفَهُ. (Mgh. [But see this latter below.]) شَافِهٌ Thirsty, (K, TA,) not finding water enough to moisten his lip: like سَافِهٌ, mentioned in art. سفه. (TA.) أَشْفَهُ: see شُفَاهِىٌّ. b2: [Accord. to some,] أَشْفَى signifies A man whose lips do not close together: (S, K:) but there is no proof of its correctness: (S:) the fem. in this sense is شَفْيَآءُ. (TA in art. شفى.) مَشْفُوهٌ (tropical:) A water at which there are many lips (شِفَاه TA, and Har p. 669,) of those coming to drink, (Har,) so that it has become little in quantity; (TA;) or water at which are many people: (S, K: *) or water that is sought: or, as some say, forbidden to those who come to drink of it because of its being little in quantity. (TA.) b2: and hence, (Har ubi suprà,) (tropical:) Food upon which are [put] many hands; (K, TA, Har;) having many eaters: or that has become little in quantity. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Property sought by many: (TA:) [or little in quantity; for] one says, أَتَانَا وَ أَمْوَالُنَا مَشْفُوهَةٌ (tropical:) He came to us when our possessions were little in quantity. (K, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) A man of whom people have asked, or begged, much, (S,) or importuned by begging, (K,) so that all that he had, or possessed, is consumed: (S, K:) like مَثْمُودٌ, and مَضْفُوفٌ, and مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ: (so in one of my copies of the S:) and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) one whose household and guests have consumed his property. (IB, TA.)

تبل

1 تَبَلَهُ, (Lth, T, M,) aor. ـِ (M,) inf. n. تَبْلٌ, (Lth, T, M,) He pursued him with enmity, or hostility: (Lth, T:) or he bore enmity, or was hostile, to him. (M.) b2: تَبَلَهُمُ الدَّهْرُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَبْلٌ, (M,) (tropical:) Time, or fortune, smote them with its vicissitudes, (M, K,) and (K) destroyed them; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَتْبَلَهُمْ. (S, TA.) b3: تَبَلَهُ الحُبُّ, (S, M,) or الهَوَى, (T,) aor. ـِ (M,) inf. n. تَبْلٌ; (T, K;) and ↓ اتبلهُ, (S, M,) inf. n. إِتْبَالٌ; (K, TA;) Love made him sick, or ill; (T, S, M, K; [in the CK, والاَسْقَامُ كالاَتْبَالِ is erroneously put for والإِسْقَامُ كالإِتْبَالِ;]) and caused him to be in a bad, or unsound, state: (S:) or, as some say, تَبَلَهُ signifies, (M,) or signifies also, (K,) it took away his reason, (M, K,) and bewildered him. (TA.) b4: You say also, of a woman, تَبَلَتْ فُؤَادَ الرَّجُلِ, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, as though meaning, (M,) She smote the man's heart with ↓ تَبْل [app. meaning love-sickness]. (M, K.) A2: See also Q. Q. 1.2 تَبَّلَand 3: see Q. Q. 1.4 اتبلهُ, inf. n. إِتْبَالٌ, He made him a victim of blood-revenge, or retaliation of murder or homicide. (S: the meaning is indicated there, but not expressed.) b2: See also 1, in two places. Q. Q. 1 تَوْبَلَ القِدْرَ, (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, Msb, K,) and تَأْبَلَهَا, with hemz, (IJ, M,) or ↓ تَابَلَهَا, [without ء,] (K,) mentioned by Ibn-Abbád in the Moheet, (TA,) and ↓ تَبَّلَهَا, (T, M, K,) said by Lth to be allowable, (T,) and ↓ تَبَلَهَا, (K,) He seasoned [the contents of] the cooking-pot with تَابَل; (Msb;) he put تَابَل into the cooking-pot; (K;) i. q. قَزَّحَهَا and فَحَّاهَا: (A 'Obeyd, T:) from تَابَلٌ. (S, M. *) b2: [Hence,] تَوْبَلَ كَلَامَهُ (tropical:) He seasoned [meaning he embellished] his speech, or language; syn. قَزَّحَهُ (TA) and بَزَّرَهُ. (A in art. بزر.) تَبْلٌ [originally inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: ] Enmity, or hostility, (Lth, T, M, K, TA,) in the heart, (TA,) with which one is pursued: (Lth, T:) pl. تُبُولٌ (Lth, T, M, K) and ↓ تَبَابِيلُ, which latter is extr. (K.) You say, لِى عِنْدَهُ تَبْلٌ [He has enmity, or hostility, towards me, with which he pursues me]. (T.) b3: I. q. تِرَةٌ (S) and ذَحْلٌ (S, M, K) [by the former of which may be intended the meaning explained above, or, as appears to be meant by the latter, blood-revenge; or retaliation of murder or homicide; or prosecution for blood; or a desire of, or seeking for, retaliation of a crime or of enmity]: pl. تُبُولٌ. (S.) التَّبْلُ as meaning الذَّحْلُ is likened by Yezeed Ibn-El- Hakam Eth-Thakafee to a debt which one should be paid. (Ham p. 530.) And one says, أُصِيبَ بِتَبْلٍ

[He was made a victim of blood-revenge, or retaliation of murder or homicide: or, perhaps, of enmity, or hostility]. (S.) And بَيْنَهُمْ تُبُولٌ [Between them are blood-revenges, &c.]. (TA.) b4: Love-sickness. (Kull p. 167. [See حُبُّ.]) See 1.

دَهْرٌ تَبِلَ, (M,) or ↓ تَابِلٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) Time, or fortune, that smites people with its vicissitudes, (M, TA,) and destroys them. (TA.) And ↓ دَهْرٌ مُتْبِلٌ خَبِلٌ, occurring in a poem of El-Aashà, (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune, that destroys, or carries off, family and children. (S.) تَبِيلٌ: see مَتْبُولٌ.

تَبَابِيلُ: see تَبْلٌ.

تَبَّالٌ A possessor [or seller] of تَوَابِل pl. of تَابَلٌ. (K.) تَابَلٌ, (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, Msb, K,) also pronounced تَأْبَلٌ, with ء, (IJ, M,) and ↓ تَابِلٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ تَوْبَلُ, (IAar, T, K,) Seeds (أَبْزَارٌ Msb and K) that are used in cooking, for seasoning food; (T, S, * M, Msb, K;) i. q. فَحًا; (T, M;) such as cumin-seeds and coriander-seeds: (TA voce قِزْحٌ:) said to be arabicized: Ibn-El-Jawá- leekee says that the vulgar distinguish between تابل and ابزار, [in the manner explained voce بِزْرٌ,] but the [classical] Arabs do not: (Msb:) pl. تَوَابِلُ. (T, S, Msb, K.) تَابِلٌ: see تَبِلٌ: A2: and see تَابَلٌ.

تَوْبَلُ : see تَابَلٌ.

تُوبَالٌ [from the Persian تُوبَالْ or تُوپَالْ?] What falls in consecutive portions, or particles, on the occasion of the hammering of copper and of iron: a مِثْقَال thereof, with hydromel, drunk, powerfully alleviates the [ejection of] phlegm. (K.) مُتْبِلٌ: see تَبِلٌ.

مَتْبُولٌ A man rendered love-sick; (T;) as also ↓ تَبِيلٌ: (M:) and the former, a lover who is not granted that which he wants. (TA.)