كتب

1 كَتَبَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ and كِتَابٌ and كِتَابَةٌ (S, K) and كِتْبَةٌ; (Msb;) the first of these inf. ns. agreeable with analogy; the second, anomalous; (TA;) or the latter of these two is a subst., like لِبَاسٌ; (Lh;) or originally an inf. n., and afterwards used in the senses given below; (MF;) as also كِتَابَةٌ, and كِتْبَةٌ: (TA:) and ↓ كتّبهُ (K) and ↓ اكتتبهُ; (S, K;) He wrote it: (S, K:) or كَتَبَهُ has this signification; and ↓ اكتتبهُ, as also ↓ استكتبهُ, signifies he asked [one] to dictate it (إِسْتَمْلَاهُ): (K:) ↓ إِكْتَتَبَهَا in the Kur, xxv. 6, signifies he hath written them (S) for himself: (Bd:) or he hath asked [one] to write them for him, or to dictate them to him. (TA, Bd.) b2: كَتَبَ عَنْهُ [He wrote what he had heard, or learned from him.] A phrase of common occurrence in biographies. b3: كَتَبَ [He was a writer, or scribe, and a learned man. (Implied in the S, where we are referred to the Kur, lii. 41, and lxviii., 47, in illustration of كَاتِبٌ as signifying “ a learned man. ”)]

A2: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كِتَابٌ, q. v., (assumed tropical:) He (God) prescribed, appointed, or ordained, (TA,) and made obligatory. (Msb.) كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ القِصَاصُ The law of retaliation is prescribed, appointed, or ordained, as a law of which the observance is incumbent on you. (Kur, ii. 173.] كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ Fasting is prescribed as incumbent on you. [Kur. ii. 179.] (TA.) b2: كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا (tropical:) He judged, passed sentence, or decreed, against him that he should do such a thing. (A.) كتب القَاضِى بِالنَّفَقَةِ The judge gave sentence that the expenses should be paid. (Msb.) A3: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ, He drew together; brought together; conjoined. (S.) b2: Hence, كَتَبَ البَغْلَةَ, aor. ـُ and كَتِبَ, inf. n. كَتْبٌ, He conjoined the oræ of the mule's vulva by means of a ring or a thong; (S;) as also كَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا. (A.) كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ and كَتِبَ, (K,) inf. n. كَتْبٌ; and كَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا; (TA;) He closed the camel's vulva, (K,) and put a ring upon it: (TA:) or he put a ring of iron or the like upon it, (K,) conjoining the oræ, in order that she might not be covered. (TA.) b3: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اكتتب; (K;) He sewed a قِرْبَة, (S,) or a سِقَآء, (K,) or a مَزَادَة, (TA,) with two thongs: (K:) or, accord. to some, he closed it at the mouth, by binding it round with a وِكَاء, so that nothing [of its contents] should drop from it; (TA;) [as also ↓ اكتب:] or كتب signifies he sewed a قربة; and ↓ اكتب, he bound it with a وكآء, i. e. bound it round the upper part. (Lh.) b4: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اكتب (S, K) and ↓ اكتتب (TA) (tropical:) He bound a قِرْبَة with a وِكَاء; (S;) he bound it round the head, or upper part: (K:) or the first of these verbs signifies he sewed a قربة. (Lh.) See above. IAar says, I heard an Arab of the desert say, أَكْتَبْتُ فَمَ

↓ السِّقَاء فَلَمْ يَسْتَكْتِبْ I bound the mouth of the سقاء, but it did not become fast bound, or closed, because of its hardness and thickness. (TA.) A4: كَتَبَ النَّاقَةَ He used art to make the she-camel take a liking to that which was not her own young one, and put something as a ring through her nostrils, lest she should smell the بَوّ, (in some copies of the K, بَوْل; but this is a mistake; TA,) and not have a fondness for it. (TA.) A5: كَتَبَ (tropical:) He collected a كَتِيبَة. (TA.) See also 2.2 كَتَّبَ See 1 and 4 A2: كتّب النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. تَكْتِيبٌ, He tied the udder of the camel. (Az, S.) A3: كتّب الكَتَائِبَ, inf. n. تَكْتِيبٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ كَتَبَهَا; (TA;) (tropical:) He prepared the troops; (K;) he disposed the troops in order, troop by troop. (S.) 3 مُكَاتَبَةٌ and ↓ تَكَاتُبٌ are syn.: (S, K:) you say, كاتب صَدِيقَهُ He wrote to his friend: and ↓ تكاتبا They wrote, one to the other. (TA.) b2: كاتبهُ, inf. n. مُكَاتَبَةٌ (Az, K, Msb) and كِتَابٌ, (Az, Msb,) (tropical:) He (a slave) made a written [or other] contract with him (his master), that he (the former) should pay a certain sum as the price of himself, and on the payment thereof be free: (K, &c.:) also he (a master) made such a contract with him (his slave): (Az, Msb, &c.:) and ↓ تكاتبا They two made such a contract, one with the other. (Msb.) The slave in this case is called مُكَاتَبٌ (S, Msb) and also مُكَاتِبٌ; and so is the master; the act being mutual. (Msb.) [But the lawyers in the present day call the slave مُكَاتَبٌ only; and the master, مُكَاتِبٌ.] الكِتَابَةُ, signifying “ what is written, ” is tropically used by the professors of practical law as syn. with المُكَاتَبَةُ, because the contract above mentioned was generally written; and is so used by them when nothing is written. It was thus called in the age of el-Islám, accord. to Az. These two words are said by Z to be syn.; but it is thought that he may have written the former by mistake for الكِتَابُ, adding the ة by a slip of the pen. (Msb.) 4 اكتب He dictated. (S, K.) Ex. أَكْتِبْنِى

هٰذِهِ القَصِيدَةَ Dictate to me this ode. (S.) b2: اكتب and ↓ كتّب He taught the art of writing. (K.) A2: See also 1, in three places.5 تكتّب (tropical:) He girded himself, and drew together his garments upon him. (TA.) A2: تكتّب (tropical:) It (an army, S) collected itself together. (S, K.) 6 تَكَاْتَبَ see 3.8 إِكْتَتَبَ See 1. b2: كِتْبَةٌ [is a quasi-inf. n. of 8; syn. with إِكْتِتَابٌ; and is explained as signifying] The writing a book, transcribing it [from another book]: (إِكْتِتَابُكَ كِتَابًا تَنْسَخُهُ). (K.) b3: It also signifies, [as a quasi-inf. n. of 8,] The writing one's name in [the list of those who receive] stipend and maintenance (الكتتاب فى الفرض والرزق [اصحاب]). (TA.) b4: اكتتب He registered himself in the book of the Sultán's army-list, or stipendiaries. (S, K.) إِكْتَتَبْتُ فِى

غَزْوَةِ كَذَا I wrote down my name in the list of the soldiers of such an expedition. (TA, from a trad.) b5: اكتتب كِتَابًا He asked for a book (or the like) to be written for him. (TA.) See also 10.

A2: اكتتب (tropical:) His urine was suppressed. (TA.) b2: اكتتب بَطْنُهُ (tropical:) He was constipated, or costive; (TA;) his belly was constipated. (K.) 10 استكتبهُ شَيْئًا He asked him to write a thing for him. (S.) See also 1 and 8.

A2: With reference to a سِقَاء (or skin), see 1.

كُتْبَةٌ (tropical:) A thong with which one sews (K) a مَزَادَة or a قِرْبَة: pl. كُتَبٌ. (TA.) b2: That with which the vulva of a camel (or of a mule, TA,) is closed in order that she may not be covered: (K:) pl. كُتَبٌ. (TA.) b3: A seam or suture, (KL, PS,) in a skin or hide; (KL;) [app. made by sewing together two edges so that one laps over the other;] a خُرْزَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) whereof the thong conjoins the two faces [or sides]: (K:) or a خرزة that is joined together with a thong: (Lth:) or that whereof the thong conjoins each of the two faces [or sides]: (ISd, TA:) pl. كُتَبٌ. (S, Mgh.) كِتْبَةٌ: see 1 and 8. b2: [Also, agreeably with analogy, A mode, or manner, of writing.]

كُتُبِىٌّ, meaning A bookseller, is a vulgar term, like صُحُفِىٌّ: by rule it should be كِتَابِىٌّ.]

كِتَابٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: as a subst.,] A thing in which, or on which, one writes: [a book:] a written piece of paper or [a record, or register; and a written mandate;] of skin: (K:) a writing, or writ, or thing written; as also ↓ كَتِيبَةٌ: and both are applied also to the revelation from above: and to a letter, or epistle, which a person writes and sends: sometimes made fem., as meaning صَحِيفَةٌ: AA says, I heard an Arab of the desert, of El-Yemen, say, فُلَانٌ لَغُوبٌ جَآءَتْهُ كِتَابِى فَاحْتَقَرَهَا Such a one is stupid: my letter came to him, and he despised it: so I said, Dost thou say, جاءته كتابى? and he replied, Is it not a صحيفة? (Msb.) Pl. كُتُبٌ and كُتْبٌ. (S.) b3: A revealed scripture. (Msb.) [Whence أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ People having a revealed scripture: and أَهْلُ الكِتَابِ The people of the Bible. See also أَهْلٌ.] الكتاب signifies The تَوْراة, or Pentateuch, or Mosaic Law: (K:) and the Gospel, or Book of the Gospels: the Scriptures of the Jews and Christians: (Expositions of the Kur, passim:) and the Kur-án. (TA.) b4: See also 3.

A2: كِتَابٌ [inf. n., or subst.: see 1] Divine prescript, appointment, or ordinance: judgment, or sentence: fatal decree, or predestination. (S, K.) لَأَقْضِيَنَّ بَيْنَكُمَا بِكِتَابِ اللّٰهِ I will assuredly determine, or judge, between you two according to the judgment, or sentence, of God, which hath been revealed in his book. A trad., not relating to the Kur-án. (TA.) El-Jaadee says, يَا ابْنَةَ عَمِّى كِتَابُ اللّٰهِ أَخْرَجَنِى

عَنْكُمْ وَهَلْ أَمْنَفَنَّ اللّٰهَ مَا فَعَلَا [O daughter of my paternal uncle! the decree of God hath expelled me from you: and could I indeed forbid God to do what He hath done?] (S.) [Hence,] الكِتَابُ الأَوَّلُ [The first writing; meaning the register of God's decrees]. (M and K voce مَحْبَلٌ, q. v.) b2: A receptacle for ink. (K).

قِرْبَةٌ كَتِيبٌ A skin that is sewed (S) with two thongs: (TA:) and the same, and ↓ مُكْتَبٌ, (S,) and ↓ مُكْتَتَبٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) A skin bound with a وِكَاء; (S;) closed at the mouth, by its being bound with a وِكَاء, so that nothing [of its contents] may drop from it. (TA.) كِتَابَةٌ subst. from 1; signifying The art of writing. (IAar, Msb.) b2: See also 3.

كَتِيبَةٌ see كِتَابٌ.

A2: An army; a military force: (S, K:) or a collected portion thereof; (Msb;) [a body of troops; a corps:] or a troop: or a troop of horse making a hostile attack or incursion, in number from a hundred to a thousand: (K:) pl. كَتَائِبُ. (S.) كُتَّابٌ, see مَكْتَبٌ

A2: The same, (S, K,) as also كُثَّابٌ, q. v., but the former is the more approved: (S: the reverse, however, is said in the TA; and MF says that some authors altogether reject كتّاب, with ت, in the sense here following:) A kind of small, round-headed, arrow, with which boys learn to shoot. (S, K.) كَاتِبٌ [A writer; a scribe; a secretary]: pl. كَاتِبُونَ and كُتَّابٌ and كَتَبَةٌ. (S, K.) b2: A learned man (S, K) was so called by the Arabs, (IAar,) because, in general, he who knew the art of writing was possessed of science and knowledge; and writers among them were few. (TA.) مَكْتَبٌ (S, K) and ↓ كُتَّابٌ (Lth, S, &c.) A school; a place where the art of writing is taught: (S, K, &c.:) accord. to Mbr and F, the assigning this signification to the latter word is an error; it being a pl. of كَاتِبٌ, and signifying, accord. to Mbr, the boys of a school: in the A it is said, this word is said to signify the boys; not the place: but Esh-Shiháb says, in the Sharh esh-Shifa, that it occurs in this sense in the classical language, and is not to be regarded as a postclassical word: it is said to be originally a pl. of كَاتِبٌ, and to be fig. employed to signify a school. (TA.) Pl. of the former مَكَاتِبُ; (TA;) and of the latter كَتَاتِيبُ. (S.) مُكْتَبٌ: see كَتِيبٌ.

مُكْتِبٌ A teacher of the art of writing. (S.) بغلة مَكْتُوبَةٌ, and مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَيْهَا, A mule that has the oræ of her vulva conjoined by means of a ring or a thong. (A.) See also 1.

مُكَتَّبٌ A bunch of grapes and the like of which a part has been eaten. (K, TA.) مُكْتَتَبٌ: see كَتِيبٌ.

مُكْتَوْتِبٌ Swollen, and full. (K.)

كمت

1 كَمُتَ, (contr. to analogy, as verbs significant of colours [if unaugmented] are generally of the measure فَعِلٌ, MF,) aor. ـُ inf. n. كَمْتٌ and كُمْتَةٌ (in the CK كَمْتَةٌ) and كَمَاتَةٌ; and ↓ اكمت, inf. n. إِكْمَاتٌ; (K;) and ↓ اكمتّ, inf. n. إِكْمِتَاتٌ; and ↓ اكماتّ, (in the CK إِكْمَأَتَّ,) inf. n. إِكْمِيتَاتٌ; (S, K;) He (a horse, S, K, [and a camel, &c.]) was, or became, of the colour called كُمَيْتٌ. (S, K.) A2: كَمَتَ الغَيْظَ, [aor, كَمُتَ,] He concealed, or hid in his bosom, rage, or wrath. (Sgh, K.) 2 كمّت ثَوْبَهُ (tropical:) He dyed his garment of the colour of [fresh ripe] dates; i. e., of a red colour inclining to black. (A.) b2: كُمِّتَتْ She was rendered artificially of the colour called كُمَيْتٌ, (K,) or was dyed of that colour. (So in a copy of the K.) 4 أَكْمَتَ see 1.9 إِكْمَتَّ see 1.11 إِكْمَاْتَّ see 1.

كُمْتٌ: see أَكْمَتُ.

كُمْتَةٌ [A dark bay colour:] a red colour mixed with blackness: (Kh, Sb:) or a red colour mixed with قُنُوْء, (As, S, K,) which latter is blackness that is not pure, or clear: (see كُمَيْتٌ:) or a colour between black and red: (ISd:) there are two kinds of كمتة; namely كُمْتَةُ صُفْرَةٍ [yellow bay, or gilded bay,] and كُمْتَةُ حُمْرَةٍ

[red bay, or chestnut-bay]. (IAar.) كُمَيْتٌ, masc. and fem., (S, K,) [A bay, or dark bay, or brown, horse &c.:] of a red colour mixed with blackness: (Kh, Sb:) or of a red colour mixed with قُنُوْء, (As, S, K,) which latter is blackness that is not pure, or clear: (TA [app. from As]:) [see كُمْتَةٌ, above:] a camel is called أَحْمَرُ if of an unmixed red; but if of a red colour mixed with قنوء, it is called كميت: (As, S:) the difference between كميت and أَشْقَرُ, as applied to horses, is in the mane and the tail: if these are red, the animal is called اشقر [i. e. sorrel]; and if they are black, it is called كميت; (AO, S, TA;) and the وَرْد is between these two: (AO, TA:) [all bay horses have black manes, which distinguish them from the sorrel, that have red or white manes: (Farrier's Dict., quoted in Johnson's Dict., voce “ bay ”:)] an epithet applied to the horse and the camel and other animals: (ISd:) you say فَرَسٌ كميتٌ, and مُهْرَةٌ كميتٌ, and بَعِيرٌ كميتٌ, and نَاقَةٌ كميتٌ: (TA:) accord. to the Kh, as cited by Sb, it is of the dim. form because it denotes a colour between black and red, as though to imply that it signifies what is near to each of these two colours. (S.) In a marginal note in the S, it is said to be a foreign word arabicized. (TA.) [Perhaps from the Persian كُمِيژَهْ: Freytag says, accord. to some from the Persian كُميته.] See also أَكْمَتُ, and كُمْتَةٌ. The Arabs say, that the كميت is the most powerful of horses, and the strongest in the hoofs. (TA.) b2: تَمْرَةٌ كُمَيْتٌ (tropical:) A date of the colour called كُمَيْتٌ; [or, red tinged, or mixed, with black, or of a blackish red colour]: it is one of the kinds hardest, or toughest, in لِحَآء [i. e. pulp, or flesh], and sweetest to chew. (AM.) b3: تِينٌ كُمَيْتٌ (tropical:) A fig of that colour. (AHn.) b4: كُمَيْتٌ (tropical:) a name of Wine; because there is in it blackness and redness: (S:) or wine in which is blackness and redness: (M, K:) used like a proper name, [or rather as a subst.,] though originally an epithet. (TA.) b5: كُمَيْتٌ is also applied as an epithet to waste, or unowned, land. (ISd.) b6: كُمَيْتٌ A long, complete, month, or year. (IAar.) أَخَذَهُ بِكَمِيتَتِهِ He took it by its root. (Sgh, K.) كَمَاتِىٌّ: see next paragraph.

أَكْمَتُ] b2: خَيْلٌ كُمْتٌ, and ↓ كَمَاتِىٌّ, (K,) and كَمَاتَى, of the same measure as عَذَارَى, (TA,) Horses of the colour of that which is called كُمَيْتٌ, (K,) كمت is a pl. formed from أَكْمَتُ; though this sing. has not been used: (L:) and كماتى is a pl. formed from كَمْتَاءُ [fem. of أَكْمَتُ] regarded as a subst.; though this sing. also has not been used. (TA.)

كثر

1 كَثُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. كَثْرَةٌ (Msb, TA) and كِثْرَةٌ, or this is erroneous, (Msb,) [and perhaps كُثْرَةٌ, and كُثْرٌ, or these are simple substs., (see كَثْرَةٌ, below,)] and كَثَارَةٌ, (TA,) It was, or became, much, copious, abundant, many, numerous, great in number or quantity; it multiplied; it accumulated. (S, K, TA.) كَثُرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَغَلَبُوهُ [They multiplied against him and overcame him.] (TA in art. غرق). [كَثُرَ مِنْهُ كَذَا Such a thing proceeded from him, or was done by him, much, or often.] See also 4.

A2: كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ: see 3.2 كَثَّرَ see 4.3 كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ, (S, K,) inf. n. of the former, مُكَاثَرَةٌ, (S,) [and aor. of the latter, accord. to analogy, كَثُرَ,] They contended with them for superiority in number, and overcame them therein, (S, K, TA,) or surpassed, or exceeded, them in number. (TA.) A2: See also 10.4 اكثرهُ He made it much, abundant, many, or numerous, he multiplied it; as also ↓ كثّرهُ, (Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَكْثِيرٌ. (K.) b2: أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ and مِنْهُ ↓ استكثرتُ signify the same; (S, Msb;) i. e., أَكْثَرْتُ فِعْلَهُ [I did the thing much; lit., I made the doing of it much]: or أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الأَكْلِ وَنَحْوِهِ [I ate, and the like, much] presents an instance of pleonasm, [being for أَكْثَرْتُ الأَكْلَ وَنَحْوَهُ,] accord. to the opinion of the Koofees: or it is an instance of explication [of the vague signification of the verb], accord. to the opinion of the Basrees; the objective complement being suppressed, and the complete phrase being أَكْثَرْتُ الفِعْلَ مِنَ الأَكْلِ: and so in the like cases. (Msb.) [You say also أَكْثَرَ فِى الكَلَامِ He spoke, or talked, much; was profuse, or immoderate, in speech, or talk. and in like manner, فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ كَثُرَ He did, acted, or occupied himself, much in the affair.] b3: اكثر [as an intrans. v.] signifies أَتَى بِكَثِيرٍ [He brought, or he did, or he said, much]. (K.) b4: Also, [He became rich; he abounded in property;] his property became much, or abundant. (S, Msb, K.) A2: اكثر It (a palm-tree) produced, or put forth, its طَلْع [or spadix], (S, K,) i. e., its كَثَر, whence the verb. (TA.) A3: [مَا أَكْثَرَ مَالَهُ How abundant is his wealth! or how numerous are his cattle!]5 تكثّر [He endeavoured to acquire much, or abundance, of a thing]. You say تكثّر مِنَ العِلْمِ لِيَحْفَظَ [He endeavoured to acquire much knowledge, in order that he might preserve it in his memory]. And تَكثّر مِنْهُ لِيَفْهَمَ [He endeavoured to acquire much thereof in order that he might understand]. (A.) See also 10. b2: He made a vain, or false, boast of abundance, or riches; or a boast of more than he possessed; and invested himself with that which did not belong to him. (TA, voce تَشَبَّعَ, which signifies the same.) You say تكثّر بِمَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ He made a boast of abundance, or riches, which he did not possess; syn. تَشَبَّعَ. (Msb, art. شبع.) And فُلَانٌ يَتَكَثَّرُ بِمَالِ غَيْرِهِ [Such a one makes a vain or false show of abundance or riches with the wealth or property of another]. (S.) 6 تَكَاْثَرَ i. q. 3 [but relating to more than two]. (S.) [You say تَكَاتَرُوا They contended, one with another, for superiority in number.] التَّكَاثُرُ in the Kur, ci. 1, signifies The contending together for superiority in [the amount or number of] property and children and men. (Jel.) A2: تَكَاثَرَتْ أَمْوَالُهُ [His riches multiplied by degrees]. (A.) b2: تكاثر عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَهَرُوهُ [The people multiplied by degrees against him, and overcame him, or subdued him]. (TA.) 10 استكثر مِنَ الشَّىْءِ He desired, or wished for, much of the thing. (K.) You say استكثر مِنَ المَالِ [He desired, or wished for, much of the property]. (A.) b2: استكثرهُ المَآءِ, and المَآءَ ↓ كاثرهُ, He desired of him for himself much of the water that he might drink of it: (K:) and so if the water were little. (TA.) b3: استكثر مِنَ الشّىُءِ also signifies i. q. أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ, q. v. (S, Msb.) b4: Also استكثرهُ He reckoned it much, abundant, or many. (Msb.) You say هُوَ يَسْتَكْثِرُ الفَلِيلَ [He reckons little, or few, much, abundant, or many]. (A.) Q. Q. 2 تَكَوْثَرَ It (dust) was, or became, much, or abundant. (S.) See كُوْثَرٌ.

كَثْرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ.

A2: See also كَثَرٌ.

كُثْرٌ: see كَثْرَةٌ.

A2: The greater, or greatest, or main, part, of a thing; the most thereof. (K.) كِثْرٌ: see كَثْرَةٌ.

كَثَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ كَثْرٌ (Msb, K) The heart, or pith, (syn. جُمَّارٌ, S, Msb, K, and شَحْمٌ, and جَذَبٌ, TA,) of a palm-tree: (S, Msb, K:) of the dial. of the Ansár: (TA:) or its spadix; syn. طَلْعٌ. (S, Msb, K.) كَثْرَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ كِثْرَةٌ, (K,) or the latter should not be used, for it is a bad dial. form, (S,) or it is correct when coupled with قِلَّةٌ, for the sake of assimilation, (TA,) and ↓ كُثْرَةٌ, though the first is the best known, (Ibn-'Allán, in his Sharh el-Iktiráh,) or the last is not allowable, (TA,) and ↓ كُثْرٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ كِثْرٌ, (S,) Muchness; much, as a subst.; copiousness; abundance; a large quantity; numerousness; multiplicity; multitudinousness; a multitude; a plurality; a large number; numbers; and frequency: contr. of قِلَّةٌ. (S, A, K.) [See also كَثُرَ.] You say ↓ مَا لَهُ قُلٌّ وَلَا كُثْرٌ He has not little nor much of property. (S.) and ↓ الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى القُلٌّ وَالكُثْرِ, (S, A,) and ↓ عَلَى القِلِّ وَالكِثْرِ, (S,) Praise be to God for little and much. (S, * A.) [↓ كُثْرٌ is explained in the S by كَثِيرٌ, and so in one place in the TA; but it is a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates.] b2: كَثْرَةٌ is also used to signify Richness, or wealthiness; syn. سَعَةٌ. (Mgh.) كُثْرَةٌ: see كَثْرَةُ.

كِثْرَةٌ: see كَثْرَةُ.

كُثَارٌ: see كَثِيرٌ.

A2: Also, and ↓ كِثَارٌ, Companies, or troops, or the like, (K, TA,) of men or animals only. (TA.) You say فِى الدَّارِ كُثَارٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, and كِثَارٌ, In the house are companies of men. (TA.) كِثَارٌ: see كُثَارٌ.

كَثِيرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ كُثَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَاثِرٌ and ↓ كَثْرٌ and ↓ كَيْثَرٌ and ↓ كُوْثَرٌ (K) Much; copious; abundant; many; numerous; multitudinous. (S, A, Msb, K.) You say خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ, and ↓ كَيْثَرٌ, Much, or abundant, good. (A.) And قَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ A numerous party, or people: and هُمْ كَثِيرُونَ They are many. (S.) And رِجَالٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many men: and نِسَآءٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many women. (Yoo, ISh, Msb.) And ↓ عَدَدٌ كَاثِرٌ, (S, Msb,) and, as some say, ↓ كَوْثَرٌ, (Msb,) and كَثِيرٌ, (K in art. بول, &c.) A large number. (S, Msb.) And ↓ غُبَارٌ كُوْثَرٌ Much dust: (S:) or much confused dust (K, TA) rising and diffusing itself: of the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.) b2: [A large quantity, or number, مِنْ مَالٍ وَغَيْرِهِ of property, or cattle, &c.] b3: كَثِيرًا, as an adv., Much; often. (The lexicons passim.) b4: رَجُلٌ كثيرٌ [in the TA كثر: probably the right reading is ↓ كَيْثَرٌ, q. v.:] A man whose ancestors are many, and whose high deeds are various. (L.) b5: See also مُطَّرِدٌ.

كَثِيرَةٌ, with ة, [as a subst., signifying Much,] is used only in negative phrases; like [its contr.]

قَلِيلَةٌ, q. v. (Az, in TA, art. قل.) كَاثِرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in two places.

كُوْثَرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in three places.

A2: A lord, or master, (S, K,) abounding in good: (S:) a man possessing good, or much good, and who gives much or often; as also ↓ كَيْثَرٌ. (K, TA.) A3: A river. (Kr, K.) b2: And الكَوْثَرُ A certain river in paradise, (S, Msb, K,) from which flow all the [other] rivers thereof, (K,) pertaining specially to the Prophet, described as being whiter than milk and sweeter than honey and as having its margin composed of pavilions of hollowed pearls. (TA.) كَيْثَرٌ: see كَثِيرٌ, in two places: and كُوْثَرٌ.

أَكْثَرُ More, and most, in quantity, and in number. (The lexicons passim.) أَكْثَزِىٌّ Having relation to the greater number of things or cases.]

مُكْثِرٌ A man possessing wealth: (K:) or possessing much wealth. (A, TA.) مَكْثَرَةٌ A cause of rendering abundant, or multiplying; syn. مَثْرَاةٌ, q. v. (S, K in art. ثرو.) مِكْثَارٌ (A, K, TA) and ↓ مِكْثِيرٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a man, and to a woman, (A, TA,) Loquacious; talkative; a great talker; (K, TA;) a great babbler. (A.) مَكْثُورٌ Overcome in number: (S, * A:) one against whom people have multiplied by degrees (ثَكَاثَرُوا عَلَيْهِ) so that they have overcome or subdued him. (TA.) b2: مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ [A place thronged]. b3: فُلَانٌ مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ Such a one has spent what he had, and claims upon him have become numerous: (S:) or such a one has many seekers of his beneficence. (A.) See also مَشْفُوفٌ.

مِكْثِيرٌ: see مِكْثَارٌ.

كسر

1 كَسَرَهُ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. كَسْرٌ; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اكتسرهُ: (K;) [He broke it: or the latter signifies he broke it off: or it is similar to إِقْتَطَعَهُ and the like and signifies he broke it off for himself: for] you say مِنْهُ طَرَفًا ↓ اكتسرتُ [I broke off, or broke off for myself, from it, an extremity]. (A.) You say ↓ كَسَرْتُهُ انْكِسَارًا and إِنْكَسَرَ كَسْرًا, putting each of the inf. ns. in the place of the other, because of their agreement in meaning, not in respect of being trans. and intrans. (Sb, TA.) b2: كُسِرَ He had his leg broken; his leg broke. (Mgh.) b3: فُلَانٌ يَكْسِرُ عَلَيْكَ الفُوقَ, (A, K,) or الأَرْعَاظَ, (K,) or ↓ يُكَسِّرُ, (as in the CK, * and in a MS copy of the K, but we find the former reading in art. رعظ in the K,) [lit., Such a one breaks against thee the notch of the arrow, or the sockets of the arrow-heads: meaning,] (tropical:) such a one is angry with thee: (A, K:) or is vehemently angry with thee. (K, art. رعظ, in which see further explanations.) b4: [كُسِرَ بَيْنَهُمْ رُمْحٌ lit., A spear was broken among them: meaning, (assumed tropical:) a quarrel occurred among them. (Reiske, cited by Freytag, but whether from a classical author is not said; and explained by him as signifying Simultas inter eos intercessit.)] b5: كَسَرَ الكِتَابَ عَلَى عِدَّةِ أَبْوَابٍ وَفُصُولٍ (tropical:) [He divided the book, or writing, into a number of chapters and sections]. (A.) b6: كَسَرَ الشَّعْرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) [He broke the measure of the poetry;] he did not make the measure of the poetry correct. (TA.) b7: كَسَرْتُ القَوْمَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I [broke, crushed, routed, or] defeated, the people or party. (Msb.) b8: كَسَرْتُ خَصْمِى (tropical:) [I defeated my adversary]. (A.) b9: [كَسَرَ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He broke, or subdued, his spirit. b10: (assumed tropical:) He abased, or humbled, himself.] b11: كَسَرْتُ مِنْ سَوْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [I broke, or subdued, or abated, somewhat of his impetuosity, or violence, or tyranny, or anger]. (A.) b12: كَسَرَ حُمَيَّا الخَمْر بِالْمِزَاجِ (tropical:) [He broke, or subdued, or abated, the intoxicating influence of the wine by the mixture of water]. (A.) b13: كَسَرَ مِنْ بَرْدِ المَآءِ, and حَرِّهِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He abated, or allayed, somewhat of the coldness of the water, and its heat. (TA.) b14: اِكْسِرْ عَنَّا: see an ex. voce رُوبَةٌ. b15: [كَسَرَ العَطَشَ (assumed tropical:) It abated, or allayed, thirst.] b16: كَسَرَ مَتَاعَهُ (tropical:) He sold his goods by retail, one piece of cloth after another: (IAar, K:) because, [on the contrary,] wholesale makes them to find purchasers readily. (TA) b17: كَسَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَنْ مُرَادِهِ (assumed tropical:) I turned the man, averted him, or turned him back, from his desire. (Msb.) b18: يَكْسِرُ ذَنَبَهُ بَعْدَ مَا أَشَالَهُ [app. (assumed tropical:) He contorts his tail after raising it], said of a camel. (K.) b19: كَسَرَ الثَّوْبَ, and الجِلْدَ, (assumed tropical:) He folded, and he creased, the garment, or piece of cloth, and the skin. Ex. of the former signification, [in which the pronoun refers to a tent:] مِنْ حَيْثُ يُكْسَرُ جَانِبَاهُ [(assumed tropical:) Where its two sides are folded]. (S.) You say also كَسَرَ الوِسَادَ, meaning (tropical:) He folded, or doubled, the pillow, or cushion, and leaned, or reclined, upon it. (K.) See also كَاسِرٌ. b20: كَسَرَ جَفْنَهُ نَحْوَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He blinked, (lit. he wrinkled his eyelid) towards him]. (Mgh. art. غمز.) You say also, رِيحٌ حَارَّةٌ تَكْسِرُ العَيْنَ حَرًّا (assumed tropical:) [A hot wind, that makes the eye to blink, or contract and wrinkle the eyelids, by reason of heat]. (K, art. خوص.) And كَسَرَ عَيْنَهُ, (A,) and كَسَرَ مِنْ طَرْفِهِ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He contracted (غَضَّ, q. v.,) his eye, or eyes; [so as to wrinkle the lids; in which sense the former phrase is used in the present day:] (K:) and كَسَرَ عَلَى

طَرْفِهِ, accord. to Th, he contracted (غَضَّ) his eye, or eyes, somewhat: (TA:) [or perhaps عَلَى is here a mistake for عَلَىَّ, in which case we must read طَرْفَهُ, so that the meaning would be as above with the addition at me:] and ↓ مُكَاسَرَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ signifies المُغَاضَنَةُ [i. e. the contracting of the eyes so as to wrinkle the lids]. (S, K, in art. غضن.) b21: كَسَرَ الطَّائِرُ جَنَاحَيْهِ, (A, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ; (TA;) and كَسَرَ alone, (S, A, K,) inf. n. كَسْرٌ and كُسُورٌ, (K,) or in this case, when the wings are not mentioned, كُسُورٌ [only]; which shows that a verb, when its objective complement is forgotten [or suppressed], and the inf. n. [for الحَدِيثُ in my original I read الحَدَثُ] itself is desired [to be expressed], follows the way of an intrans. verb; (A;) [ for فُعُولٌ is by rule the measure of the inf. n. of an intrans. verb, of the measure فَعَلَ, such as قَعَدَ, inf n. قُعُودٌ, and جَلَسَ, inf. n. جُلُوسٌ, and فَعْلٌ of that of a trans. verb;] (tropical:) The bird contracted his wings, (S, A, K,) or contracted them somewhat, (TA,) so that he might descend in his flight, (S,) or in order to alight. (A, K.) b22: [كَسَرَ الحَرْفَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ, He pronounced the letter with the vowel termed kesr: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel. A conv. phrase of lexicology and grammar.]

A2: See also 7.2 كسّرهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَكْسِيرٌ, (Msb,) is with teshdeed to denote muchness [of the action] or multiplicity [of the objects] (S) [He broke it much, in pieces, or into many pieces: or many times, or repeatedly; or he broke it, meaning a number or collection of things.] b2: فُلَانٌ يُكَسِّرُ عَلَيْكَ الفُوقَ, or الأَرْعَاظَ: see 1. b3: [كسّرهُ also signifies He divided it (i. e. a number, and a measure,) into fractions.] b4: كسّرهُ الكَرَى (tropical:) [Drowsiness made him languid]. (A, TA in art. هيض.] b5: [كسّر شَعَرَهُ, inf. n. تَكْسِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He crimped his hair, see رَطَّلَ.]

A2: كسّر المَآءُ الوَادِى (tropical:) The water made [the كُسُور, i. e.,] the turnings, bendings, or windings, (مَعَاطِف,) of the valley, and the parts thereof eaten away by torrents, to flow with water. (Th.) 3 كَاْسَرَ see 1.5 تكّسر, (S, A, Msb, K,) quasi-pass. of 2, (Msb, K,) [It broke, or became broken, much, in pieces, or into many pieces; or many times, or repeatedly; or it (a number or collection of things) broke, or became broken.] b2: [Said of water, and of sand, (assumed tropical:) It became rippled by the wind. And of crisp hair, (assumed tropical:) It became crimped; or became rimpled, as though crimped. (In these senses it is used in the S in art. حبك, &c. See حِبَاكٌ.) Also said of the skin, (assumed tropical:) It became wrinkled: see تَغَضَّنَ. Said of a garment, or piece of cloth, and of a coat of mail, and skin, (assumed tropical:) It became folded, and it became creased, much, or in several, or many places. See an ex. below, voce كِسْرٌ.] b3: [And hence, as meaning, (assumed tropical:) It became contracted,] said also of the eye. (TA in art. خشع.) [See 1.] b4: [(tropical:) He was, or became, languid, or loose in the joints. And (assumed tropical:) He affected languor, or languidness: a very common signification.] You say, فِيهِ تَخَنُّثٌ وَتَكَسُّرٌ (assumed tropical:) [In him is effeminacy, and affectation of languor or languidness]. (A.) And one says of an effeminate man, تكسّر فِى كَلَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He affected languor, or languidness, in his speech], (IDrd, O, voce تَفَرَّكَ,) and also مَشْيِهِ [his walk]. (K, ibid.) See also 7.7 انكسر, quasi-pass. of 1, (S, A, Msb, K,) [It broke, or became broken.] You say, ↓ كَسَرْتُهُ انْكِسَارًا and اِنْكَسَرَ كَسْرًا. (Sb, TA. See 1.) b2: انكسرت السِّهَامُ عَلَى الرُّؤُوسِ (assumed tropical:) The portions became fractional to the several heads; were not divisible into whole numbers. (Msb.) b3: انكسر الشِّعْرُ (assumed tropical:) The poetry became [broken, or] incorrect in measure. (TA.) b4: [انكسر القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people became broken, or defeated.] b5: انكسر خَصْمِى (tropical:) [My adversary became defeated.] (A.) b6: [انكسرت نَفْسُهُ (assumed tropical:) His spirit became broken, or subdued: and انكسر, alone, he became broken in spirit; his sharpness of temper, vehemence of mind, or fierceness, became broken, or subdued; he became meek, gentle, or humble.] b7: [انكسر, said of a man, also signifies, very frequently, (tropical:) He became languid, or languishing. See the act. part. n., below. And see 5.] فَتْرَةٌ and اِنْكِسَارٌ and ضَعْفٌ are syn. (S, art. فتر.) b8: انكسر عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He lacked power, or ability, to do, or accomplish the thing. And انكسر [alone] (assumed tropical:) He, or it, (said of anything, [man or beast,]) remitted, flagged, or became remiss, in an affair, lacking power, or ability, to perform, or accomplish, it. (TA.) b9: انكسر نَظَرُ الطَّرْفِ (assumed tropical:) The look of the eye, or eyes, became languid, or languishing; syn. فَتَرَ. (IKtt, in TA, art. فتر.) And انكسر طَرْفُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His eye, or eyes, or sight, became languid, or languishing, or not sharp]. (T, K, art. فتر.) b10: Also انكسر, said of the coldness of water, [and of cold, absolutely, and of the heat of water,] and of heat, [absolutely,] and of anything, (TA,) for instance, of a price, and so ↓ كَسَرَ, (Fr. in TA, art. قط,) (assumed tropical:) It abated, or became allayed; or, [said of heat,] it became languid, or faint. (TA.) b11: Said of dough, (assumed tropical:) It became soft, and leavened, or good, and fit to be baked. (TA.) b12: [Said of a garment, or piece of cloth, and skin, (assumed tropical:) It became folded; it became creased. Ex.:] يَطْوِى الثِّيَابَ أَوَّلَ طَيِّهَا حَتَّى تَنْكَسِرَ عَلَى طَبِّهِ [He folds the garments, or pieces of cloth, the first time of folding them, so that they may crease agreeably with his folding]. (S, K, voce قَسَامِىٌّ.

[In one copy of the S, I find تَتَكَسَّرَ in the place of تَنْكَسِرَ, which latter reading I find in a better copy of the same work.]) 8 إِكْتَسَرَ see 1, first sentence.

كَسْرٌ: see كِسْرٌ, throughout. b2: (tropical:) A fraction, or broken part of an integral, as the half, and the tenth, and the fifth; (Msb;) what does not amount to an integral portion: (K:) pl. كُسُورٌ. (A, Msb.) You say, ضَرَبَ الحُسَّابُ الكُسُورَ بَعْضَهَا فِى بَعْضٍ (tropical:) [The calculator multiplied the fractions together]. (A.) b3: Little in quantity or number: (ISd, K:) as though it were a fraction of much. (ISd.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A crease, wrinkle, ply plait, or fold, in skin, and in a garment or piece of cloth; (JK, S, * K, * voce غَرٌّ, in the CK غُرّ; and so accord. to the explanation of the pl. in the present art. in the TA;) as also ↓ مَكْسِرٌ: (accord. to the explanations of its pl. in the S, Mgh, Msb voce غَضْنٌ:) pl. of the former كُسُورٌ: (JK, S, voce غَرٌّ; and TA in the present art.;) and of the latter, مَكَاسِرُ. (S, Mgh, Msb, voce غَضْنٌ; &c.) b5: See also كُسُورٌ, below.

A2: [As a conventional term in grammar, A vowel-sound, well known; the sign for which is termed ↓ كَسْرَةٌ.]

كِسْرٌ and ↓ كَسْرٌ, (S, K, &c.,) the latter of which is [said to be] of higher authority (أَعْلَى) than the former, [but this is doubtful, for the former is certainly the more common,] (TA,) A portion of a limb: or a complete limb: (K:) or a limb by itself, which is not mixed with another: (TA:) or half of a bone, with the flesh that is upon it: (K:) or a bone upon which there is not much flesh, (S, K,) and which is broken; otherwise it is not thus called: (S) or any bone: (AHeyth:) or a limb of a camel: (TA:) or of a human being or other: (ISd. TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَكْسَارٌ (TA) and [of mult.]

كُسُورٌ. (S, TA.) b2: كِسرُ قَبِيحٍ, (S, K,) and قَبِيحٍ ↓ كَسْرُ, (S,) The bone of the سَاعِد [here meaning the upper half of the arm, from the part next the middle to the elbow. (El-Umawee, S, K.) [See also قَبِيحٌ. And كسر حَسَنٍ signifies The upper part of that bone.] b3: Also كِسْرٌ and ↓ كَسْرٌ The side of a بَيْت [or tent]: (K:) or the part of [each of] the two sides thereof that descends from the طَرِيقَتَانِ [app. meaning the two outer poles of the middle row]; every tent having two such, on the right and left: (TA:) or the lowest شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] of a [tent of the kind called] خِبَآء: (A, K:) or the part of that شقّه which is folded or creased (تَكَسَّرَ وَتَثَنَّى) upon the ground: (K:) or the lowest شقّة of a بَيْت [or tent], that is next the ground, from where its (the tent's) two sides are folded (مِنْ حَيْثُ يُكْسَرُ جَانِبَاهُ), on thy right hand, and thy left. (ISk, S.) b4: Also, (K,) or ↓ كَسْرٌ [only], (TA,) [but for this limitation there appears no reason,] A side (K, TA) of anything; as, [for instance,] of a desert: (TA:) pl. أَكْسَارٌ and كُسُورٌ [app. in all the senses: see above]. (K.) b5: قِدْرٌ كِسْرٌ, and أَكْسَارٌ, (TA,) and إِنَآءٌ أَكْسَارٌ, (IAar,) and جَفْنَةٌ أَكْسَارٌ, (K,) A cooking-pot, (TA,) and a vessel, (IAar,) and a bowl, (K,) large, and [composed of several pieces] joined together: (IAar, K:) because of its greatness or its oldness: as though, in the second and following phrases, the term كسر applied to every distinct part of it. (TA.) b6: See also كُسُورٌ, below.

كَسْرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A defeat. You say, وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الكَسْرَةُ Defeat befell them. (Msb.) A2: See also كَسْرٌ.

كِسْرَةٌ (in some copies of the K كِسْرٌ, but this is a mistake, TA,) A piece of a broken thing: (S, K:) or rather a piece broken from a thing: (TA:) or a fragment, or broken piece, of a thing: (Msb:) pl. كِسَرٌ. (S, Msb, K.) Yousay, كِسْرَةٌ مِنْ الخُبْزِ A broken piece of bread. (Msb.) See also كُسَارٌ.

كِسْرَى and كَسْرَى, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is the more chaste, accord. to Th and others, and it alone is allowed by Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (Msb,) A name (TA) applied to the king of the Persians, (Msb, K, TA,) or a surname of the kings of the Persians, (S,) like النَّجَاشِىُّ, a name of the king of Abyssinia, (TA), arabicized from خُسْرَوْ, (S, K,) which means “ possessing ample dominion, ” (K,) in the Persian language: so they say: but خُسْرَوْ is itself arabicized from خُوشْ رُوْ, which means, in that language, “ goodly in countenance ”: (TA:) [but that خسرو is an arabicized word may reasonably be doubted:] accord. to IDrst, it is changed into كسرى because there is no word in Arabic having the first letter with damm and ending with و; and the خ is changed into ك to shew that it is Arabicized: (MF:) the pl. is أَكَاسِرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) contr. to analogy, (S,) and كَسَاسِرَةٌ and أَكَاسِرُ and كُسُورٌ, (K,) [all of which are also] contr. to analogy: (TA:) by rule it should be كِسْرَوْنَ, like عِيسَوْنَ (S, K) and مُوسَوْنَ. (S.) كِسْرِىٌّ: see كِسْرَوِىٌّ.

كِسْرَوِىٌّ and ↓ كِسْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, كِسْرَى; rel. ns. from كِسْرَى: (S, Msb, K:) and كَسْرَوِىٌّ alone is the rel. n. from كَسْرَى. (Msb.) [In the TA, it is said that one should not say كَسْرَوِىٌّ; but it seems that what is not allowable is كَسْرِىٌّ.]

كُسَارٌ and كُسَارَةٌ [Fragments, or broken pieces or particles, that fall from a thing:] what breaks from a thing: (Sgh:) or what breaks in pieces from a thing, (K, TA,) and falls: (TA:) fragments, or broken pieces or particles, (دُقَاق, ISk, S, and حُطَام, S,) of fire-wood. (ISk, S.) You speak of the كُسَار of glass, and of a mug, and of aloes-wood. (A.) كُسُورٌ (assumed tropical:) The turnings, bendings, or windings, (مَعَاطِف, K, TA,) and parts eaten away by torrents, (جِرَفَة, TA,) and ravines, (شِعَاب, K, TA,) of valleys, (K, TA,) and of mountains: (TA:) a pl. without a sing.: (K:) you do not say كَسْرُ الوَادِى nor كِسْرُ الوادى. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ كُسُورٍ (tropical:) A land having [places of] ascent and descent. (S, A.) b3: See also كَسْرٌ and كِسْرٌ.

كَسِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مَكْسُورٌ, [Broken,] (S, K,) applied to a thing: (S:) and so the fem., without ة: (TA:) pl. كَسْرَى, (S, K,) like as مَرْضَى is pl. of مَرِيضٌ, (S,) and كَسَارَى: (K:) [and مَكَاسِيرُ is pl. of مَكْسُورٌ:] Abu-l-Hasan says, that Sb mentions the pl. مَكَاسِيرُ because it is of a kind proper to substs. (TA.) b2: ناقة كَسِيرٌ (S, K) i. q. مَكْسُورَةٌ [lit., A broken she-camel,] (K,) is like the phrase كَفٌّ خَضِيبٌ, (S, TA,) meaning مَخْضُوبَةٌ: (TA;) or a she-camel having one of its legs broken: (Mgh:) and شَاةٌ كَسِيرٌ a sheep, or goat, having one of its legs broken: كسير being of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Mgh, Msb:) and كَسِيرَةٌ also, [app. as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] like نَطِيحَةٌ: (Msb:) كَسِيرٌ, occurring in a trad. is explained as signifying a sheep, or goat, having a broken leg, that cannot walk; (IAth, * Mgh;) but this requires consideration. (Mgh.) كَاسِرٌ [Breaking]; fem. with ة: pl. masc. and fem. كُسَّرٌ; and pl. fem. كَوَاسِرُ also (K.) b2: (tropical:) Folding or doubling, and leaning or reclining upon, a pillow or cushion. Hence the following. in a trad. of 'Omar, لا يَزَالُ أَحَدُهُمْ كَاسِرًا وِسَادَهُ عِنْدَ امْرَأَةٍ مُغْزِيَةٍ, meaning, (tropical:) Not one of them ceases to fold or double his pillow or cushion at the abode of a woman whose husband is absent in war, and to lean or recline upon it, and enter upon discourse with her. (IAth, TA.) b3: (tropical:) An eagle, (A, K,) and a hawk or falcon, (A,) contracting his wings, (A, K,) or contracting them somewhat, so that he may descend in his flight, (TA,) or in order to alight. (A, K.) b4: الكَاسِرُ ↓ The eagle. (S, M, K.) الإِكْسِيرُ i. q. الكِيمِيَآءُ q. v. (Sgh, K.) جَمْعُ التَّكْسِيرِ (assumed tropical:) [The broken plural;] the plural in which the composition of the singular is changed; (K;) the change being either apparent, as in رِجَالٌ, pl. of رَجُلٌ, or understood, as in فُلْكٌ, which is both sing. and pl., for the dammeh in the sing. in this case is like the dammeh of قُفْلٌ, and that in the pl. is like that of أسْدٌ. (Ibn-'Akeel: see Dieterici's “ Alfijjah ” &c.; pp.329 and 330.) b2: Also تَكْسِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) [The area of a circle]: in the circle are three things: دَوْرٌ [or circumference] and قُطْرٌ [or diameter] and تَكْسِيرٌ [or area], which [last] is the product of the multiplication of the half of the قطر by the half of the دور: and it is sometimes called مِسَاحَةٌ. You say, مَا تَكْسِيرُ دَائِرَةٍ

قُطْرُهَا سَبْعَةٌ وَدَوْرُهَا اثْنَانِ وَعِشْرُونَ [What is the area of a circle of which the diameter is seven and its circumference two-and-twenty?]: and the answer is ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ وَنِصْفٌ [Eight-and-thirty and a half]. (TA.) [It is scarcely necessary to add that this is not perfectly exact.]

مَكْسِرٌ A place of breaking, (K, TA,) of anything. (TA.) You say, عُودٌ صُلْبُ المَكْسِرِ [Wood, or a piece of wood, or a branch, or twig, hard in the place of breaking,] when you know its goodness by its breaking: (S, A:) and عُودٌ طَيِّبُ المَكْسِرِ [Wood, &c., good in the place of breaking,] i. e. approved. (K.) b2: Hence, رَجُلٌ صُلْبُ المَكْسِرِ (A, L) (tropical:) A man who bears up against difficulty, distress, or adversity: because one breaks a piece of wood, to try if it be hard or soft. (TA.) And of a pl. number, هُمْ صِلَابُ المَكَاسِرِ. (A.) And فُلَانٌ هَشُّ المَكْسِرِ, (TA,) and ↓ المُكَسَّرِ, (TA in art. هش, q. v.,) (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is easy, or compliant, when asked], which is an expression of praise when it means [lit.] that he is not one whose wood gives only a sound when one endeavours to produce fire from it; and of dispraise when it means [lit.] that be is one whose wood is weak. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ المَكْسِرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is praised when tried, proved, or tested: (S, TA:) and رَدِىْءُ المَكْسِرِ [dispraised when tried, &c.]. (TA.) [Wherefore it is said that] مَكْسِرٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The internal state; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or to the aspect; syn. مَخْبَرٌ. (K.) b3: Also مَكْسِرٌ The lowest part (أَصْلٌ K, TA) of anything; and especially of a tree, where the branches are broken off. (TA.) b4: [Hence] it is said to be metonymically used as meaning (tropical:) Old property. (TA voce فَرْعٌ.) b5: See also كَسْرٌ.

مَكْسُورٌ: see كَسِيرٌ. b2: سَوْطٌ مَكْسُورٌ (assumed tropical:) A soft, weak, whip. (TA.) مُكَسَّرٌ pass. part. n. of 2, q. v. b2: See also مَكْسِرٌ, with which it is made synonymous. b3: (tropical:) A valley whose كُسُور (q. v.) flow with water: (K:) or are made to flow: (Th:) accord. to one relation of a saying in which it occurs, it is مُكْسَرٌ. (TA.) فُلَانٌ مُكَاسِرِى, (S,) or جَارِى مُكَاسِرِى, (ISd, K,) Such a one is my neighbour; (S;) the كِسْر (q. v.) of his tent is next the كِسْر of my tent. (S, ISd, K.) مُنْكَسِرٌ has for its pl. مَكَاسِيرُ, which is extr.; like مَسَاحِيقُ, pl. of مُنْسَحِقٌ. (TA in art. سحق.) رَأَيْتُهُ مُنْكَسِرًا (tropical:) I saw him in a languid, or languishing state. (A.)

كفر

1 كَفَرَ الشَّىْءَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c,) aor. , in the sense first explained below كَفِرَ, (S, K, &c.;) [respecting which Fei observes,] ElFárábee, whom J follows, says that it is like يَضْرِبُ, but in a trustworthy copy of the T it is written كَفُرَ, and this is the proper form, because they say that كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ [of which the aor. is كَفُرَ] is borrowed from كَفَرَ الشَّىْءَ in the sense which is first explained below; (Msb;) and MF says, that the saying of J, following his maternal uncle Aboo-Nasr El-Fárábee, that the aor. of this verb is كَفِرَ, is doubtless a mistake; but to this, [says SM,] I reply, that it is correctly كَفِرَ, as J and F and other leading lexicologists have said; though the aor. of the verb of كُفْرٌ as meaning the contr. of إِيْمَانٌ is كَفُرَ; (TA;) [or, if this latter verb be taken from the former, the aor. of the former may have been originally كَفِرَ and كَفُرَ, and general usage may have afterwards applied the aor. ـِ to one signification, while the aor. ـُ has been applied by very few persons to that signification, but by all to the significations thence derived;] inf. n. كَفْرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ كفّرهُ, (A, Mgh, K,) inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ; (TA;) He veiled, concealed, hid, or covered, the thing: (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb, K: *) or he covered the thing so as to destroy it: (Az, TA:) and كَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. [and inf. n.] as above, he covered it; covered it over. (K,) You say كَفَرَ البَذْرَ الْمَبْذُورَ CCC He covered the sown seed with earth. (TA.) And كَفَرَ السَّحَابُ السَّمَآءَ The clouds covered the sky. (A.) Lebeed says, فِى لَيْلَةٍ كَفَرَ النُّجُومَ غَمَامُهَا In a night whereof the clouds that covered the sky concealed the stars. (Msb.) You say also كَفَرَهُ اللَّيْلُ, and كَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ, The night covered it with its blackness. (TA.) And كَفَرَتِ الرِّيحُ الرَّسْمَ The wind covered the trace or mark [with dust.] (A.) And كَفَرَ فَوْقَ دِرْعِهِ He clad himself with a garment over his coat of mail. and دِرْعَهُ بِثَوْبٍ ↓ كَفَّرَ He covered his coat of mail with a garment. (TA.) And كَفَرَ مَتَاعَهُ He put his goods in a receptacle. (TA.) and كَفَرَ الْمَتَاعَ فِى الوِعَآءِ CCC He covered, or concealed, the goods in the receptacle. (A.) And ↓ كَفَّرَ نَفْسَهُ بِالسِّلَاحِ He covered himself with the arms. (A.) And كَفَرَ الجَهْلُ عَلَى عِلْمِ فُلَانٍ Ignorance covered over the knowledge of such a one. (TA.) وَكَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ, [thus, with damm as the vowel of the aor. ,] in the Kur, iii. 96, has been explained as signifying And wherefore do ye cover the familiarity and love in which ye were living? (TA.) b2: Hence, (Msb, TA,) كَفَرَ, (S,) and كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ, and بِالنِّعْمَةِ; (Msb;) and كَفَرَ نِعْمَةَ اللّٰهِ, and بِنِعْمَةِ اللّٰهِ; (K;) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. كُفْرَانٌ. (S, K,) which is the most common form in this case, (El-Basáïr,) and كُفُورٌ, (S, K,) and كُفْرٌ; (El-Basáïr;) He covered, or concealed, (Msb,) and denied, or disacknowledged, the favour or benefit [conferred upon him]; (S, Msb;) he was ungrateful, or unthankful, or behaved ungratefully or unthankfully; contr. of شَكَرَ; (S;) and he denied, or disacknowledged, and concealed, or covered, the favour or benefit of God: (K:) God's favours or benefits are the signs which show to those who have discrimination that their Creator is one, without partner, and that He has sent apostles with miraculous signs and revealed scriptures and manifest proofs. (Az, TA.) وَلَا نَكْفُرُكَ, in the prayer [termed القُنُوتُ], means وَلَا نَكْفُرُ نِعْمَتَكَ [And we will not deny, or disacknowledge, thy favour; or we will not be ungrateful, or unthankful, for it]. (Msb.) [The verb when used in this sense, seems, from what has been said above, to be a حَقِيقَة عُرْفِيَّة, or word so much used in a particular tropical sense as to be, in that sense, conventionally regarded as proper.] b3: and hence, كَفَرَ, inf. n. كُفْرَانٌ, is used to signify [absolutely] He denied, or disacknowledged. (TA.) [See the act. part. n., below: and see 3. See also art. ف, p. 2322 a.] You say كَفَرَ بِالصَّانِعِ He denied the Creator. (Msb.) b4: Hence also, (TA.) كَفَرَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. كُفُرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is the most common form in this case, (El-Basáïr,) and كَفْرٌ (K) and كُفْرَانٌ (Msb, K) and كُفُورٌ, (K,) He disbelieved; he became an unbeliever, or infidel; contr. of آمَنَ, inf. n. إِيْمَانٌ. (S, K.) You say كَفَرَ بِاللّٰهِ (S, Msb) He disbelieved in God: (S:) because he who does so conceals, or covers, the truth, and the favours of the liberal Dispenser of favours [who is God]. (MF.) [Also, as shown above, He denied God.] It is related in a trad. of 'Abd-El-Melik, that he wrote to El-Hajjáj, مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالكُفْرِ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهُ, meaning, Whosoever confesses the unbelief of him who opposes the Benoo-Marwán, and goes forth against them, let him go his way. (TA.) See also كُفْرٌ, below. b5: [He blasphemed: a signification very common in the present day.] b6: Also, كَفَرَ بِكَذَا He declared himself to be clear, or quit, of such a thing. (Msb.) In this sense it is used in the Kur xiv. 27. (Msb, TA.) b7: And كَفَرَ also signifies He was remiss, or fell short of his duty, with respect to the law, and neglected the gratitude or thankfulness to God which was incumbent on him. So in the Kur xxx. 43; as is shown by its being opposed to عَمِلَ صَالِحًا. (TA.) A2: كَفَرَ لَهُ, inf. n. كَفْرٌ: see 2.2 كفّرهُ, inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ: see 1, first signification, in three places.

A2: Hence, كَفَّرَ الذَّنْبَ It (war in the cause of God [or the like]) covered, or concealed, the crime or sin: (Mgh:) (or expiated it: or annulled it; for] تكفير with respect to acts of disobedience is like إِحْبَاطٌ with respect to reward. (S, K.) The saying in the Kur [v. 70.] لَكَفَّرْنَا عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ means, We would cover, or conceal, their sins, so that they should become as though they had not been: or it may mean, We would do away with their sins; as is indicated by another saying in the Kur [xi. 116,] “ good actions do away with sins. ” (El-Basáïr.) كَفَّرَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ الذَّنْبَ signifies God effaced his sin. (Msb.) b2: And كَفَّرَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ [He expiated his oath;] he performed, (Msb,) or gave, (K,) what is termed كَفَّارَة [i. e. a fast, or alms, for the expiation of his oath]: (Msb, K:) تَكْفِيرٌ of an oath is the doing what is incumbent, or obligatory, for the violation, or breaking, thereof: (S:) كَفَّرَ يَمِينَهُ is a vulgar phrase. (Mgh.) A3: كَفَّرَهُ as syn. with أَكْفَرَهُ: see 4.

A4: كَفَّرَ لَهُ, inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ, (A, Mgh, TA,) He did obeisance to him, lowering his head, or bowing, and bending himself, and putting his hand upon his breast: (Mgh:) or put his hand upon his breast and bent himself down to him: (TA:) or he made a sign of humbling himself to him; did obeisance to him: (A:) namely, an عِلْج [or unbeliever of the Persians or other foreigners] (A, Mgh) or a ذِمِّىّ [or free non- Muslim subject of a Muslim government, i. e., a Christian, a Jew, or a Sabian] (Mgh) to the king; (A, Mgh;) or a slave to his master, or to his دِهْقَان [or chief]: (TA:) and ↓ كَفَرَ, [aor. ـُ accord. to the rule of of the K,] (TK,) inf. n. كَفْرٌ, (K,) he (a Persian, فَارِسِىٌّ, K, and so in the L and other lexicons, but in the TS فَارِس, without ى, which is probably a mistake of copyists, TA) paid honour to his king, (K, TA,) by making a sing with his head, near to prostration: (TA:) تَكْفِيرٌ is a man's humbling himself to another, (S, K, TA,) bending himself, and lowering his head, nearly in the manner termed رُكُوعٌ; as one does when he desires to pay honour to his friend; (TA;) or as the عِلْج does to the دِهْقَان: (S:) and the تكفير of the people of the scriptures [or Christians and Jews, and Sabians] one's lowering his head to his friend, like the تَسْلِيم with the Muslims: or one's putting his hand, or his two hands, upon his breast: (TA:) and تكفير in prayer is the bending one's self much in the state of standing, before the action termed رُكُوعٌ; the doing of which was disapproved by Mohammad, accord. to a trad. (TA.) It is said in a trad., إِذَا أَصْبَحَ ابْنُ آدَمَ فَإِنَّ الأَعْضَآءَ تُكَفِّرُ كُلُّهَا لِلِّسَانِ When the son of Adam rises in the morning, verily all the members abase themselves to the tongue, (Mgh, TA,) and confess obedience to it, and humbly submit to its command. (TA.) b2: تَكْفِيرٌ also signifies The crowning a king with a crown, [because] when he, or it, is seen, obeisance is done to him (إِذَا رُئِىَ كُفِّرَ لَهُ). (K.) b3: See also تَكْفِيرٌ below.3 كَافَرَنِى حَقِّى He denied, or disacknowledged, to me my right, or just claim. (A, Mgh, K.) Hence the saying of 'Ámir, إِذَا أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ القَاضِى

بِشَىْءٍ ثُمَّ كَافَرَ [When he confesses a thing in the presence of the Kádee, then denies, or disacknowledges: كَافَرَ being thus used in the sense of كَفَرَ]. But as to the saying of Mohammad [the lawyer], رجُلٌ لَهُ عَلَى آخَرَ دَيْنٌ فَكَافَرَهُ بِهِ سِنِينَ [A man who owed to another a debt, and denied to him, in the case of it, for years], he seems to have made it imply the meaning of المُمَاطَلَة, and therefore to have made it trans. in the same manner as المماطلة is trans. (Mgh.) 4 اكفرهُ, (S, A, Mgh, K,) and ↓ كفّرهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) [the latter of which is the more common in the present day,] He called him a كَافِر [i. e. a disbeliever, an unbeliever, or an infidel]: (S, Mgh, K:) he attributed, or imputed to him, charged him with, or accused him of, disbelief, or infidelity: (S, A, Msb:) or he said to him كَفَرْتَ [Thou hast become an unbeliever, or infidel, or Thou hast blasphemed: in this last sense, “ he said to him Thou hast blasphemed, ”

كفّرهُ, to which alone it is assigned in the Msb, is very commonly used in the present day]. (Msb.) Hence the saying, لَا تُكْفِرْ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ قِبْلَتِكَ Do not thou attribute or impute disbelief or infidelity to any one of the people of thy kibleh; (S, TA;) i. e., do not thou call any such a disbeliever, &c.; or do not thou make him such by thine assertion and thy saying. (TA.) لَا تُكَفِّرُوا أَهْلَ قِبْلَتِكُمْ is not authorized by the relation, though it be allowable as a dial. form. (Mgh.) b2: [Also] أَكْفَرْتُهُ, inf. n. إِكْفَارٌ, I made him a disbeliever, an unbeliever, or an infidel; I compelled him to become a disbeliever, &c. (Msb.) And أَكْفَرَ فُلَانٌ صَاحِبَهُ Such a one compelled his companion by evil treatment to become disobedient after he had been obedient. (Mgh.) And أَكْفَرَ الرَّجُلُ مُطِيعَهُ The man compelled him who had obeyed him to disobey him: (T, TA:) or he made him to be under a necessity to disobey him. (TA.) A2: اكفر He (a man, TA) kept, or confined himself, to the كَفْر, (K,) i. e. قَرْيَة [town or village]; (TA;) as also ↓ اكتفر. (IAar, K.) 5 تكفّر بِالسِّلَاحِ He covered himself with the arms. And تكفّر بِالثَّوْبِ He enveloped himself entirely with the garment. (A.) 8 إِكْتَفَرَ see 4, last signification.

كَفْرٌ The darkness and blackness of night; [because it conceals things;] as also, sometimes, ↓ كِفْرٌ. (S, K.) [See also كَافِرٌ.] See a verse cited voce ذُكَآءُ.

A2: Earth, or dust; because it conceals what is beneath it. (Lh.) A3: [Hence also] A grave, or sepulchre: (S, K:) pl. كُفُورٌ. (S.) Whence the saying, أَللّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأَهْلِ الكُفُورِ [O God, pardon the people of the graves]. (S.) A4: [And hence, perhaps,] A town, or village; [generally the latter;] syn. قَرْيَةٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a Syriac word, and mostly used by the people of Syria [and of Egypt]: or, accord. to El-Harbee, land that is far from men, by which no one passes: (TA:) pl. كُفُورٌ: (S, Msb:) in the present day, it is applied in Egypt to any small قَرْيَة [or village] by the side of a great قَرْيَة [or town]: they say القَرْيَةُ الفُلَانِيَّةُ وَكَفْرُهَا [Such a town and its village]: and sometimes one قَرْيَة has a number of كُفُور. (TA.) Hence the saying of Mo'áwiyeh, أَهْلُ الكُفُورِ هُمْ أَهْلُ القُبُورِ [The people of the villages are the people of the graves]; meaning, that they are as the dead; they do not see the great towns and the performance of the congregational prayers of Friday: (S, Mgh:) by الكفور he meant the villages (القُرَى) remote from the great towns and from the places where the people of science assemble, so that ignorance prevails among their inhabitants, and they are most quickly affected by innovations in religion and by natural desires which cause to err. (Az, TA.) Hence also the trad. (of Aboo-Hureyreh, TA), لَيُخْرِجَنَّكُمُ الرُّومُ مِنْهَا كَفْرًا كَفْرًا [The Greeks will assuredly expel you from them, town by town, or village by village]; (S, * TA;) i. e. from the فُرًى of Syria. (S, TA.) b2: كَفْرٌ عَلَى كَفْرٍ also signifies One upon another; or one part upon another. (TA.) كُفْرٌ: see 1. [As a simple subst., Ingratitude, &c. b2: And particularly Denial, or disacknowledgment, of favours or benefits, and especially of those conferred by God: and disbelief, unbelief; infidelity.] It is of four kinds: كُفْرُ إِنْكَارٍ the denial, or disacknowledgment, of God, with the heart and the tongue, having no knowledge of what is told one of the unity of God [&c.]: and كُفْرُ جُحُودٍ the acknowledgment with the heart without confessing with the tongue: [or the disacknowledgment of God with the tongue while the heart acknowledges Him:] and كُفْرُ المُعَانَدَةِ the knowledge of God with the heart, and confession with the tongue, with refusal to accept [the truth]: and كُفْرُ النِّفَاقِ the confession with the tongue with disbelief in the heart: all of these are unpardonable: (L, TA:) the greatest كُفْر is the denial, or disacknowledgment, of the unity [of God], or of the prophetic office [of Mohammad and others], or of the law of God. (El-Basáïr.) [Also, Blasphemy. Its pl., as a simple subst. in all these senses, is said to be كُفُورٌ.]. Akh says, that كُفُورًا [in the accus. case] in the Kur xvii. 101, [to which may be added v. 91 of the same ch., and xxv. 52,] is pl. of كُفْرٌ, like as بُرُودٌ is pl. of بُرْدٌ. (S.) A2: Tar, or pitch, syn. قِيرٌ; with which ships are smeared; (K;) of which there are three sorts, كُفْرٌ and قِيرٌ and زِفتٌ: كفر is melted, and then ships are smeared with it: [whence, app., its name, from its being a covering:] زفت is used for smearing skins for wine, &c. (ISh.) كِفْرٌ: see كَفْرٌ.

كَفَرٌ: see كَافُورٌ.

كَفْرَةٌ: see كَافِرٌ.

كُفَرَّى, and its variations: see كَافُورٌ.

كَفُورٌ: see كافر.

كَفَّارٌ: see كافر.

كَفَّارَةٌ a subst. from تَكْفِيرُ اليَمِينِ, (S,) or an intensive epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates; signifying [An expiation for a sin or crime or a violated oath;] an action, or a quality, which has the effect of effacing a wrong action or sin or crime; (TA;) that which covers, or conceals, sins or crimes; such as the كفّارة of oaths [violated], and that of [the kind of divorce termed] ظِهَار, and of unintentional homicide; (T, TA;) an expiation (مَا كُفِّرَ بِهِ), such as an alms-giving, and a fasting, and the like: (K:) pl. كَفَّارَاتٌ. (T, TA.) كَافِرٌ A sower: (S, K:) or a tiller of the ground: (Msb:) because he covers over the seed with earth: (S, Msb: *) pl. كُفَّارٌ. (S, TA.) The pl. is said by some to be thus used in the Kur lvii. 19. (TA.) b2: Dark clouds, or a dark cloud; (K;) because it conceals what is beneath it. (TA.) b3: Night: (K:) or intensely black night; because it conceals everything by its darkness. (S.) b4: The darkness; (K;) because it covers what is beneath it; (TA;) as also ↓ كَفْرَةٌ, accord. to the copies of the K; but in the L, كَفْرٌ, q. v. (TA.) b5: The sea; (S, A, K;) for the same reason. (TA.) Thaalabeh Ibn-So'eyr El-Mazinee says, (S, TA,) describing a male and a female ostrich and their returning to their eggs at sunset, (TA,) فَتَذَكَّرَا ثَقَلًا رَثِيدًا بَعْدَمَا

أَلْقَتْ ذُكَآءُ يَمِينَهَا فِى كَافِرِ [And they remembered goods placed side by side, after the sun had cast its right side into a sea]; i. e., the sun had begun to set: or the poet may mean [by كافر] night: (S, TA:) but Sgh says, that the right reading is تَذَكَّرَتْ; the pronoun referring to the female ostrich. (TA.) b6: Also, A great river: (S, K:) used in this sense by El-Mutalemmis: (S:) and a great valley. (K.) b7: [A man] staying, or abiding, [in a place,] and hiding himself. (TA.) [See an ex. voce عَرْشٌ.] b8: [A man] wearing arms; covered with arms: (Az, K:) as also ↓ مُكَفِّرٌ (A, K) and ↓ مُتَكَفِّرٌ (S, A) and ↓ مُكَفَّرٌ: (A:) or this last signifies bound fast in iron; (K, TA;) as though covered and concealed by it: (TA:) pl. of the first, كُفَّارٌ. (K.) Hence the following, (K,) said by Mohammad during the pilgrimage of valediction, (TA,) لَا تَرْجِعُوا بِعْدِى كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ (K) [Do not ye become again, after me, i. e., after my death,] wearers of arms, preparing yourselves for fight, [one party of you smiting the necks of others;] as though he meant thereby to forbid war: (AM, TA:) or [do not ye become unbelievers, after me, &c.; i. e.,] do not ye call people unbelievers, and so become unbelievers [yourselves]. (AM, K, TA.) b9: A coat of mail; (Sgh, K;) because it conceals what is beneath it. (TA.) b10: One who has covered his coat of mail with a garment worn over it. (S.) b11: كَافِرُ الدُّرُوعِ A garment that is worn over the coat of mail. (A.) A2: One who denies, or disacknowledges, the favours or benefits of God: (K:) [ungrateful; unthankful; especially to God:] one who denies, or disacknowledges, the unity [of God], and the prophetic office [of Mohammad and others], and the law of God, altogether, accord. to the common conventional acceptation: a disbeliever; an unbeliever; an infidel; a miscreant; contr. of مُؤْمِنٌ: (El- Basáïr:) because he conceals the favours of God: (S:) or because his heart is covered; as though it were of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (IDrd, TA:) or because كُفْر covers his heart altogether: (Lth, TA:) i. e. having a covering to his heart: or because, when God invites him to acknowledge his unity, He invites him to accept his favours; and when he refuses to do so, he covers the favour of God, excluding it from him: (Az, TA:) fem. with ة: (S, Msb, K:) pl. masc.

كَفَرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the most common pl. of كافر in the first of the senses explained above, (El-Basáïr,) and كُفَّارٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the most common pl. of the same in the last of those senses, as contr. of مؤمن, (El-Basáïr,) and كِفَارٌ (S, K) and كَافِرُونَ: (Msb:) and pl. fem.

كَوَافِرُ (S, Msb, K) and كَافِرَاتٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ رَجُلٌ كَفَّارٌ, and ↓ كَفُورٌ signify the same as كَافِرٌ: (K:) or كَفُورٌ is an intensive epithet, meaning very ungrateful, or unthankful, [&c., especially to God]: so in the Kur xxii. 65, and xliii. 14: and كَفَّارٌ has a more intensive signification than كَفُورٌ, [meaning habitually ungrateful, &c.:] os in the Kur ا 23: but sometimes it is used in the sense of كَفُورٌ; as in the Kur xiv. 37: (ElBasáïr:) ↓ كَفُورٌ is fem. as well as masc.; (TA;) and its pl. is كُفُرٌ, (K, * TA,) also both masc. and fem.; and it has no unbroken pl. (TA.) b2: Also, simply, Denying, or disacknowledging; a denier, or disacknowledger: followed byبِ before the thing denied: pl. كَافِرُونَ: (S, TA;) so in the Kur ii. 38, (TA,) and xxviii. 48. (S, TA.) b3: [Also, Blaspheming; a blasphemer.]

A3: See also كَافُورٌ.

كَافُورٌ The spathe, or envelope of the طَلْع [or spadix], (As, S, K, TA,) or upper covering thereof, (TA,) of a palm-tree; (As, S, K, TA;) the كِمّ of a palm-tree: (Mgh, Msb:) as also ↓ كُفَرَّى, (S, Mgh, Msb,) with damm to the ك and fet-h to the ف and teshdeed to the ر, (Mgh, Msb,) or كُفُرَّى, [so in the copies of the K, and so I have found it written in other works, so that both forms appear to be correct,] and كَفَرَّى and كِفِرَّى, (K, * TA,) and ↓ كَافِرٌ (AHn, K) and ↓ كَفَرٌ: (K:) so called because it conceals what is within it: (Mgh, Msb:) or, accord. to AA and Fr, the طَلْع [by which they probably mean the spathe, for, as is said in the Mgh, it is applied by some to the كِمّ (or spathe) before it bursts open]: (S:) [↓ كفرّى is sometimes masc., though more properly and commonly fem.:] IAar says, I heard Umm-Rabáh say.

هٰذِهِ كفرّى and هٰذَا كفّرى: (TA:) the pl. of كَافُورٌ is كَوَافِيرُ; and the pl. of كَافِرٌ is كَوَافِرُ. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The زَمَع of the grape-vine; (K, TA;) i. e., the leaves which cover what is within them of the raceme; likened to the كافور of the طلع; (TA;) the كِمّ [or calyx] of the grapes, before the blossom comes forth; because they cover the unopened raceme; accord. to IF, as also ↓ كُفَرَّى: (Msb:) pl. كَوَافِيرُ and كَوَافِرُ, accord. to the K; but it is well known that the former is pl. of كافور, and the latter of كافر. (TA.) b3: And, accord. to some, (assumed tropical:) The envelope [or calyx] of any plant. (TA.) A2: [Camphor;] a kind of perfume, (S, K,) well known, from certain trees [the laurus camphora of Linn.] in the mountains of the sea of India and China, which afford shadow to many people or creatures, (K,) by reason of its greatness and its many spreading branches, (TA,) which leopards or panthers frequent, and the wood of which is white and easily broken; the كافور is found within it, and is of various kinds, in colour red, and becoming white only by تَصْعِيد [or sublimation]. (K.) A3: Accord. to the M, A mixture of perfume, composed of the spathe (كافور) of the spadix of the palm-tree. (TA.) A4: A certain spring, or fountain, in paradise. (Fr. K.) So in the Kur [lxxvi. 5,] إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا [Verily the pious shall drink a cup of wine whereof the mixture is Káfoor]. (Fr.) IDrd says, that it should be imperfectly decl., because it is a fem. [proper] name, determinate, of more than three letters; but it is made perfectly decl. for the conformity of the ends of the verses: Th says, that it is made perfectly decl. because it is used by way of comparison; and that if it were a [proper] name of the spring, or fountain, it would be imperfectly decl.: Th means, says ISd, whereof the mixture is like كافور [or camphor]: and Zj says, that it may mean that the taste of perfume and كافور is in it, or that it is mixed with كافور. (TA.) A5: A certain plant, (Lth, K,) [which I believe to he the same as the camphorata Monspeliensis, see my “ Thousand and One Nights, ”

ch. xxviii. note 6,] of sweet odour, (ISd, K,) the flower of which is (Lth, K) white, (Lth,) like the flower of the أُقْحُوَان [or camomile]. (Lth, K.) A6: IDrd says, I do not think the كافور is Arabic, because they sometimes say قَفُورٌ and قَافُورٌ. (TA.) أَكْفَرُ [More, or most, ungrateful or unthank-ful, especially to God; or disbelieving or unbelieving]. (TA.) تَكْفِيرٌ, as a subst., The crown of a king. (ISd, K.) مُكْفَّرٌ A bird covered with feathers. (A.) See also كَافِرٌ: and see مَكْفُورٌ.

A2: One who, though beneficent, is regarded, or treated, with ingratitude; (K;) a benefactor whose beneficence is not gratefully acknowledged. (A.) مُكَفِّرٌ: see كَافِرٌ.

رَمَادٌ مَكْفُورٌ Ashes upon which the wind has swept the dust so that it has covered them. (S.) See also مُكَفَّرٌ.

مُتَكَفِّرٌ: see كَافِرٌ.

كفل كفن كفى See Supplement

خرب

1 خَرِبَ, (JK, S, A, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. خَرَابٌ, (JK, S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, KL, TA,) said of a place, (S,) or a country, (A, Mgh, *) or a dwelling, or place of abode, (Msb,) or a house, (TK,) It was, or became, in a state of ruin, waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing: (JK, S, A, Mgh, KL, TA:) خَرَابٌ is the contr. of عِمَارَةٌ. (S.) b2: خَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. خَرَبٌ, (S, Msb, K,) It had in it a slit, or a round perforation: (S:) or he had his ear slit, (Msb, K,) or bored with a round perforation. (Msb.) A2: خَرَبَ: see 4. b2: Also, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. خِرَابَةٌ, (Msb,) He stole: (Msb:) or he became a thief, or robber. (K.) And خَرَبَ إِبِلَ فُلَانٍ, (S, A, *) or خَرَبَ بِإِبِلِ فُلَانٍ, (K,) both mentioned as on the authority of Lh, (TA,) aor. ـُ (S, A,) inf. n. خِرَابَةٌ (S, A, K) and خَرَابَةٌ and خَرْبٌ and خُرُوبٌ, (K,) He stole the camels of such a one. (S, K.) b3: خَرَبَهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf n. خَرْبٌ, (TA,) He bored it, perforated it, or made a hole through it: or he slit it: (K, TA:) namely, a thing. (TA.) b4: And He struck his خُرْبَةٌ, (K,) meaning the part where the head of his thigh-bone was inserted; or خربة here has some other of the significations assigned to it in this article. (TA.) 2 خَرَّبَ see 4, in four places.4 اخرب, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِخْرَابٌ, (TA,) He reduced to ruin; or rendered waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing; (S, A, K;) a house, (S, K,) or a dwelling, or place of abode, (Msb,) or a country; (A;) as also ↓ خرّب, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَخْرِيبٌ; (TA;) and ↓ خَرَبَ, (K,) [inf. n. خَرَابٌ, as in the Kur ii. 108:] or ↓ خرّب signifies the same, but in a more extensive, or a superlative or an intensive sense: you say, خَرَّبُوا بُيُوتَهُمْ [They ruined their houses; the ر being doubled because the verb has many objects: or they demolished their houses]. (S, TA.) بُيُوتَهُمْ ↓ يُخَرِّبُونَ, in the Kur [lix. 2], means They demolishing their houses: this is the reading of AA: all others read يُخْرِبُونَ بيوتهم, meaning they going forth from their houses, and leaving them; (TA;) or evacuating their houses; or leaving them in a state of ruin. (Bd.) b2: [Hence the saying,] الأَمَانَاتُ ↓ عِنْدَهُ تُخَرَّبُ (tropical:) [Deposits entrusted to him become lost, or perish]. (A.) 5 تخرّب It (a building) became demolished. (TA.) 10 استخرب It (a skin for water or milk) became perforated with many holes; became full of holes. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He became broken by misfortune. (JK, K.) b3: اِسْتَخْرَبْتُ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) I lamented for this event, or case. (JK.) b4: استخرب إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He was angry with him; or was angry with him with the anger that proceeds from a friend; (وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ;) namely, one who had separated himself from him: (JK:) or he yearned towards, longed for, or desired, him. (K.) Q. Q. 1 نَخْرَبَ [in the CK, erroneously, تَخَرَّبَ,] It (the canker-worm) corroded a tree: (K, TA:) but accord. to some, this verb is [radically] quadriliteral, and as such it occurs again in the K [in art. نخرب]. (TA.) خَرْبٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ, in five places: A2: and see also خَرَبٌ.

خُرْبٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ, in seven places.

A2: Also The place where an elevated accumulation of sand terminates, (JK, S, * TA,) producing trees of the kind called غَضًا. (TA.) خَرَبٌ The male of the [species of bustard called]

حُبَارَى: (S, K:) or i. q. حُبَارَى, absolutely: (TA:) pl. خِرْبَانٌ. (S.) b2: And hence, (A,) or ↓ خَرِبٌ, (JK,) or ↓ خَرْبٌ, (TA,) and ↓ خِرِبَّانٌ, (K,) (tropical:) Cowardly; or a coward. (A, K, TA.) A2: See also خُرْبَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

خَرِبٌ (S, TA) and ↓ خَرَابٌ (A, Msb) In a state of ruin, waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing; (S, A, TA;) applied to a place, (S,) or a country, (A,) or a dwelling, or place of abode. (Msb.) You say دَارٌ خَرِبَةٌ A house which its owner has reduced to ruin, or rendered uninhabited, &c. (S, TA.) [In the phrase, هٰذَا جُحْرُ ضَبٍّ خَرِبٍ, meaning This is a deserted hole of a lizard of the kind called dabb, the word خرب is put in the gen. case عَلَى الجِوَارِ, i. e. because of its proximity to a preceding word in that case, not being so properly.] b2: [Hence,] هُوَ خَرِبُ العَظْمِ (tropical:) [He is without marrow in the bone]. (A, TA.) And خَرِبُ الأَمَانَةِ (tropical:) [One in whom trust is not safely reposed]. (A, TA.) b3: See also خَرَابٌ.

A2: And see خَرَبٌ.

خَرْبَةٌ see the next paragraph, in two places.

A2: See also خِرْبَةٌ.

خُرْبَةٌ A hole, perforation, or bore; (Msb, TA;) whether round or not: (TA:) or any round hole or perforation or bore; (S, K, TA;) such as that of the ear; (TA;) [and] so ↓ خُرْبٌ: (A:) pl. [of mult.] of the former (in this and in other senses here following, K, * TA) خُرَبٌ (Msb, K) and خُرُوبٌ, which latter is extr. [with respect to rule], and [of pauc.] أَخْرَابٌ [which is irregular as pl. of the former, but regular as pl. of the latter]. (K. [See also خُرْتٌ and خُرْتَةٌ.]) [Hence,] خُرْبَةٌ السِّنْدِىِّ The bore of the lobe of the ear, when not slit: [the Sindee being particularly noted by the Arabs for his pierced ears:] when slit, it is termed السِّنْدِىِّ ↓ خَرْبَةٌ. (TA.) b2: Width of the hole, or perforation, of the ear; (JK;) as also ↓ خَرْبٌ, (JK,) or ↓ خُرْبٌ, (A,) and ↓ أَخْرَبٌ, (K,) this last being a subst. like أَفْكَلٌ. (TA.) b3: The eye of a needle: [like خُرْتٌ and خُرْتَةٌ:] and the foramen of the anus: as also ↓ خُرْبٌ and ↓ خَرْبٌ and ↓ خَرَّابَةٌ and ↓ خُرَّابَةٌ and ↓ خُرَابَةٌ; (K, MF;) in both of these senses, though this is not clearly shown in the K: (MF:) and likewise, of the vagina; the dual of خُرْبَةٌ occurring in a trad., as some relate it, applied to the foramen of the anus and that of the vagina together: (TA:) and the last, ↓ خُرَابَةٌ, also signifies any perforation like the eye of a needle. (K.) b4: الخُرْبَةُ and ↓ الخُرْبُ and ↓ الخُرَابَةُ and ↓ الخُرَّابَةُ The hole [or socket] of the hip, (S, TA,) where the head of the thigh-bone is inserted; as also خُرْبَةُ الوَرِكِ and الورك ↓ خُرْبُ and ↓ خَرْبُ الورك and الورك ↓ خَرَابَةُ [or, probably, ↓ خُرَابَة] and الورك ↓ خُرَّابَةُ and الورك ↓ خَرَّابَةُ: and the pl., أَخْرَابٌ, also signifies the lower extremities of the shoulder-blades. (TA.) b5: And الخُرْبَةُ, (A 'Obeyd, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or خُرْبَةُ المَزَادَة, (A,) and ↓ الخُرَّابَة, and sometimes ↓ الخُرَابَة without tesh-deed, (TA,) [and perhaps ↓ الخُرْبُ also, (see خُبْنٌ,)] The loop of the [leathern water-bag called] مَزَادَة; (A 'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) because of its round form: every مزادة having two loops [whereby it is suspended upon either side of the camel], each of which is thus called; and two kidney-shaped pieces of leather (كُلْيَتَانِ) [at the two upper corners]; and the two loops are sewed to these. (TA. [See also خُرْتَةٌ.]) A2: A vice, or fault; (IAth, TA;) as also ↓ خَرَبَةٌ: (K:) and corruption, or unsoundness, in religion; (JK, K;) as also ↓ خَرَبَةٌ (JK, TA) and ↓ خَرْبَةٌ [like حَرْبَةٌ] (Mgh, * K) and ↓ خُرْبٌ and ↓ خَرْبٌ (K) and ↓ خَرَبٌ: and a quality inducing suspicion, or evil opinion: [a meaning app. belonging to all of the foregoing words:] (TA:) pl., of the first, خُرُبَاتٌ; and of the second, خَرَبَاتٌ: (JK:) also, the first (i. e. خُرْبَةٌ), a crime: a bad, an evil, or a foul, word or saying: and a trial, or an affliction. (TA.) You say, مَا فِيهِ خُرْبَةٌ There is not in him a vice, or fault. (TA.) And مَا رَأَيْنَا مِنْ فُلَانٍ

خُرْبَةً (JK, TA) and ↓ خَرْبًا, (TA,) or ↓ خَرَبَةً, (JK,) We have not seen in such a one unsoundness of religion nor anything disgraceful. (JK, TA.) b2: فَارٌّ بِخُرْبَةٍ, occurring in a trad., means One who flees with a thing desiring to appropriate it to himself and to take possession of it unlawfully. (TA.) خِرْبَةٌ: see خَرَابٌ, in three places.

A2: Also The state, or condition, or guise, of him who is termed خَارِبٌ: (K:) also explained as signifying a thing whereof one is ashamed: or as derived from [خَرَبَةٌ, meaning] “ contemptibleness, and disgrace, or ignominy: ” or it may be ↓ خَرْبَةٌ, meaning a single act [of a shamefal nature, or the like]. (Et-Tirmidhee, TA.) خَرَبَةٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ, in three places, near the end of the paragraph. b2: Also i. q. ذِلَّةٌ [Baseness, vileness, &c.]: (K, TA:) in one copy of the K, زَلَّةٌ [a slip, lapse, fault, &c.]: (TA:) and disgrace, or ignominy, and contemptibleness. (TA.) b3: And الخَرَبَةٌ signifies العَوْرَةُ [The part, or parts, of the person, which it is indecent to expose]. (K.) خَرِبَةٌ and its pls.: see خَرَابٌ, in five places.

خِرِبَّانٌ: see خَرَبٌ.

خَرَابٌ inf. n. of خَرِبَ in the first of the senses explained above. (JK, S, * A, &c. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: [Then used as an epithet:] see خَرِبٌ. b3: [And then used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, as appears from what follows;] contr. of عُمْرَانٌ: (JK, A, K:) and ↓ خَرِبَةٌ signifies [the same; or] مَوْضِعُ خَرَابٍ; (A, K;) as also ↓ خِرْبَةٌ: (Lth, K:) [all may be rendered A ruin, or waste; a place, country, place of abode, or house, in a state of ruin, waste, uninhabited, depopulated, deserted, desolate, uncultivated, or in a state the contrary of flourishing:] the pl. of خَرَابٌ is أخْرِبَةٌ, (JK, K,) a pl. of pauc., (JK,) and خِرَبٌ, which latter is mentioned by El-Khattábee, (K,) as occurring in a trad. respecting the building of the mosque of El-Medeeneh: كَانَ فِيهِ نَخْلٌ وَقُبُورُ المُشْرِكِينَ وَخَرِبٌ فَأَمَرَ بِالخِرَبِ فَسُوِّيَتْ [There were in it palm-trees, and the graves of the believers in a plurality of gods, and ruins; and he gave orders respecting the ruins, and they were levelled]: but IAth says that خِرَبٌ may be pl. of ↓ خَرِبَةٌ, or of ↓ خِرْبَةٌ: or it may be ↓ خَرِبٌ [coll. gen. n.] of ↓ خَرِبَةٌ: and accord. to one reading of the trad., the word is حَرْثٌ, meaning “ a place ploughed for sowing: ” (TA:) [accord. to F,] the pl. of ↓ خِرْبَةٌ, also, is خِرَبٌ: and the pl. of ↓ خَرِبَةٌ is خَرِبٌ [mentioned above] and خَرَائِبُ [which is anomalous] and خَرِبَاتٌ. (K.) [Hence,] وَقَعُوا

↓ فِى وَادِى خَرِبَاتٍ [They fell into a valley of ruins, or waste places, &c.]: (A, TA:) i. e., into destruction: (TA:) [a prov., of which there are various readings: see جَذَبَات, in art. جذب.]

A2: [Also inf. n. of خَرَبَ as syn. with اخرب, q. v.]

خَرَابَةٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ.

خُرَابَةٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ, in five places.

خَرُّوبٌ (Az, S, Mgh, K) and ↓ خُرْنُوبٌ, (Az, S, K,) mentioned by Az as radically quadriliteral, (TA in art. خرنب,) and ↓ خَرْنُوبٌ, (Mgh, K,) but this last is of weak authority, (TA,) or not allowable, (S,) a coll. gen. n.; n. un. with ة; (TA;) A kind of tree, growing upon the mountains of Syria, having grains (حَبّ) like those of the يَنْبُوت [q. v.], called by the children of El-'Irák القِثَّآءُ الشَّامِىُّ, dry, or tough, and black: (Az, TA in art. خرنب:) a certain plant, (S, Mgh,) well known: (S:) said by some to be kind of tree [or plant] called خَشْخَاش [i. e. poppy]: (Mgh:) certain trees, of which there are two kinds, wild (بَرِّىٌّ), and Syrian (شَامِىٌّ): (AHn, K:) the former kind is also called يَنْبُوتَةٌ; (AHn;) and this is thorny, (AHn, K,) used as fuel, rising to the height of a cubit, having branches, (AHn,) with a fruit (AHn, K) black (أَحَمُّ) and light, like bubbles, (AHn, TA,) in the copies of the K كَالتُّفَّاحِ, but correctly كَالنُّفَاخِ, (TA,) disagreeable in taste, (AHn, K,) not eaten except in cases of difficulty, or distress; having grains (حَبّ) which are hard and lubricous: (AHn:) the Syrian kind [is that to which the name of خرّوب is now commonly applied, the carob, or locust-tree; ceratonia siliqua; the fruit of which] is sweet, and is eaten; having grains (حَبّ) like those of the يَنْبُوت, but larger; (AHn;) the fruit of this kind is like the خِيَار شَنْبَر [or cassia fistula], but wide; and from it are prepared an inspissated juice and [a kind of]

سَوِيق [or parched meal]. (AHn, K.) [Its grain is used as a weight: see قِيرَاطٌ and دِرْهَمٌ and دِينَارٌ.]

خَرَّابَةٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ, in two places.

خُرَّابَةٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ, in four places.

خُرْنُوبٌ and خَرْنُوبٌ: see خَرُّوبٌ.

خَارِبٌ A stealer of camels: (As, S, A:) and (by extension of its original meaning, TA) any thief, or robber: (JK, S:) dim. ↓ خُوَيْرِبٌ: (TA:) and pl. خُرَّابٌ, (S, A, TA,) or أَخْرَابٌ. (JK.) [See also خِرْبَةٌ.]

خُوَيْرِبٌ: see what next precedes.

أَخْرَبُ Slit: or having a round hole or perforation: (S:) [fem. خَرْبَآءُ; as in] أُذُنٌ خَرْبَآءُ An ear having the lobe slit. (K.) b2: A man, (S,) or a ram, (Msb,) having his ear slit; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُخَرَّبٌ and مُخَرَّمٌ; (TA;) from ↓ مَخْرُوبٌ signifying slit: (S:) and (so in the S and TA, but in the Msb “ or ” ) having his ear pierced, or bored: when it is slit (after the piercing, S, TA), he is said to be أَخْرَمُ: (S, Msb, TA: [but see this last in art. خرم:]) and أَخْرَبُ الأُذُنَيْنِ having the ears pierced, or bored: (AM, TA in art. خرت:) and خَرْبَآءُ a female slave having the lobe of her ear slit [or pierced, or bored]: and ↓ مُخَرَّبَةٌ a female slave having her ear [slit or] pierced, or bored: (TA:) and خَرْبَآءُ a she-goat having her ear slit, but so that the slit is not long nor wide. (K.) A2: أَخْرَبٌ: see خُرْبَةٌ.

خَلِيَّةٌ مُخْرِبَةٌ An empty bee-hive, (K,) in which honey has not been collected. (TA.) مُخَرَّبٌ, and its fem. (with ة): see أَخْرَبُ.

مَخْرُوبٌ: see أَخْرَبُ.

نُخْرُوبٌ sing. of نَخَارِيبُ, (TA,) which latter signifies Holes like those of hornets' nests: and the holes, or cells, (prepared with wax, K in art. نخرب,) in which the bees deposit their honey. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, تخاريب.]) Accord. to some, the ن is a radical letter. (TA.)

خطب

1 خَطَبَ, (S, K,) or خَطَبَ خُطْبَةً, (A,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. خُطْبَةٌ, (S, K,) or this, accord. to some, is a subst. used as an inf. n., (TA,) and خَطَابَةٌ, (K,) said of a خَطِيب (A) or خَاطِب, (K,) [He recited a خُطْبَة (q. v. infrà),] عَلَى المِنْبَرِ [upon the pulpit]; (S, K;) as also ↓اختطب. (S.) And خَطَبَ القَوْمَ, (Msb,) and عَلَى القَوْمِ, (Th, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. خُطْبَةٌ, (Th, Msb,) [He recited a خُطْبَة to the people, and over the people, i. e. on the pulpit, beneath which they sat: or] he delivered an exhortation, or admonition, to the people. (Msb.) b2: خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ, (S, A, * Msb, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. خِطْبَةٌ, (S, A, K) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and خَطْبٌ (Lh, K) and خِطِّيبَى; (T, S, * K;) and ↓اختطبها; (S, K;) He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage. (Msb.) In the following verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, respecting Jedheemeh El-Abrash, and his asking in marriage Ez-Zebbà, لِخِطِّيبَى الَّتِى غَدَرَتْ وَخَانَتْ وَهُنَّ ذَوَاتُ غَائِلَةٍ لُحِينَا [For the asking in marriage of her who acted perfidiously and treacherously: for they (i. e. women) are possessed of secret malevolence: may they be disgraced and accursed:] خطّيبى is syn. with خِطْبَة: (S:) accord. to Lth, it is a simple subst.; but AM says that he is in error, and that it is an inf. n. (TA.) You say also, خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ

إِلَى القَوْمِ He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage, of the people. (Msb.) And خَطَبَ

إِلَى فُلَانٍ [He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, of such a one]. (TA.) And خَطَبَ عَلَى

خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, when another had done so, and she had inclined to the latter, and he and she had agreed to a certain dowry, and had approved each other, and nothing remained but to conclude the contract; the doing of which is forbidden: but it is not forbidden to ask in marriage a woman when another has done so if she and the latter have not agreed, nor approved each other, nor has either of them inclined to the other. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يَخْطُبُ عَمَلَ كَذَا (tropical:) Such a one seeks, or desires, to do such a thing. (A, TA.) A2: خَطُبَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. خَطَابَةٌ, He became a خَطِيب (S.) A3: خَطِبَ, aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. خَطَبٌ, (S, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ: (S, * K:) or his, or its, colour was, or became, what is thus termed. (JK.) 2 خطّبهُ He granted his request of a woman in marriage; as also ↓اخطبهُ. (TA.) 3 خاطبهُ, (A, Msb, TA,) or خاطبهُ بِالكَلَامِ, (S, TA,) inf. n. مُخَاطَبَةٌ and خِطَابٌ, (S, Msb,) He talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, with him; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, with him: (Msb, TA:) he talked to him, spoke to him, or addressed him, face to face; accosted him with speech or words. (A.) [Hence,] حَرْفُ خِطَابٍ [A particle of allocution] : such is the ت in أَنْتَ and أَنْتِ, (Mughnee and K on the letter ت,) and such is the ك in ذَاكَ &c. (I'Ak p. 36; &c.) b2: He consulted with him. (TA.) b3: فَصْلُ الخِطَابِ [as used in the Kur xxxviii. 19] means The deciding a case, or passing sentence, or judging, with evident demonstration, or proof; or by testimony confirmed by oath: (K, TA:) or the deciding between truth and falsehood, and distinguishing between just judgment and the contrary thereof: (TA:) or understanding, intelligence, sagacity, or knowledge, in judging or passing sentence: or the pronouncing the phrase أَمَّا بَعْدُ, (K, TA,) which David [it is said] was the first to utter, and which means, accord. to Abu-l- 'Abbás, Now, after these preliminary words, [I proceed to say] thus and thus; (TA;) or this last phrase means after my prayer for thee; (K in art. بعد;) or after praising God. (TA in art. بعد [See also art. فصل.]) 4 أَخْطَبَ see 2. b2: [Accord. to the KL, إِخْطَابٌ signifies The inviting one for the purpose of marriage: but I think it is only اِخْتِطَابٌ that has this signification.] b3: أَخْطَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ (tropical:) The game, or object of the chase, has become within thy power, or reach; (S, A;) and has become near thee; (S;) فَارْمِهِ [therefore shoot it, or cast at it]. (A.) And اخطبك الأَمْرُ (tropical:) The thing, or affair, has become within thy power, or reach. (JK, A. *) A2: اخطب, said of the colocynth, (JK, S, K,) It became striped with green: (JK, K:) or it became yellow, with green stripes. (S.) and اخطبتِ الحِنْطَةُ The wheat became coloured. (TA.) 6 تخاطبا They two talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, each with the other; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, each with the other. (TA.) [Hence, عُرْفُ التَّخَاطُبِ The generally-known, generally-received, or conventional, language of conversation.]8 إِخْتَطَبَ see 1, in two places. b2: اِخْتَطَبُوهُ They invited him to marry a woman of their family: (S, Msb, K:) or they invited him to ask, or demand, in marriage, a woman of their family. (Az, * A. [See also 4.]) خَطْبٌ (tropical:) A thing, an affair, or a business, (A, K, MF,) small or great, (K,) that one seeks, or desires, to do, (A,) syn. أَمْرٌ مَخْطُوبٌ, (Ham p. 33,) or that is, or may be, a subject of discourse: this is the primary signification: (MF:) or a great thing or affair: or a thing, or an affair, that is disliked; not one that is liked: or that is liked also: (Ham p.127:) or the cause, or occasion, of a thing or an event: (JK, S:) or an affliction; a calamity: (Msb:) [often used in this last sense in the present day:] and a state, or condition: (TA:) pl. خُطُوبٌ; (A, Msb, K;) for which خُطُب is used in a verse below. (TA.) You say, مَاخَطْبُكَ (tropical:) What is the thing, or affair, or business, that thou seekest, or desirest, to do? (A:) or what is thy cause[of coming &c.]? (S.) خَطْبٌ يَسِيرٌ and جَلِيلٌ (tropical:) [A little, or an unimportant, and a great, or an important, thing or affair]. (A.) And هُوَ يُقَاسِى خُطُوبَ الدَّهْرِ (tropical:) [He endures, or he contends, or struggles, with, or against, the afflictions, or calamities, of fortune]. (A.) El-Akhtal says, كَلَمْعِ أَيْدِى مَثَاكِيلَ مُسَلِّبَةٍ

يَنْدُبْنَ ضَرْسَ بَنَاتِ الدَّهْرِ وَالخُطُبِ (assumed tropical:) [Like the wavings of the hands of mothers bereft of many children, in mourning on account of them, bewailing the biting cruelty of the daughters of misfortune and afflictions] : using الخُطُبِ for الخُطُوبِ. (L.) خُطْبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

خِطْبٌ A man who asks, or demands, a woman in marriage; (S, A, * K; *) as also ↓ خُطْبٌ (MF) and ↓ خَاطِبٌ (A, Msb, K) and ↓ خِطِّيبٌ: pl. of the first أَخْطَابٌ, (K,) and of the second خُطَّابٌ, (A,) and of the last خِطِّيبُونَ. (K.) You say, هُوَخِطْبُهَا [and ↓ خَاطِبُهَا] and ↓ خِطِّيبُهَا He is her asker, or demander, in marriage. (K, * TA.) It was a custom, in the Time of Ignorance, for a man to stand up and to say خِطْبٌ, (A, K, *) and ↓ خُطْبٌ, (K,) meaning I am an asker, or demander, in marriage; (MF;) and he who desired to give to him in marriage would reply نِكْحٌ, (A, K, *) and نُكْحٌ, (K,) [meaning I am “ a giver in marriage,”] and thus marriage was effected: there was a woman among them, called Umm-Khárijeh, and the man who asked her in marriage used to stand at the door of her tent, and say, خِطْبٌ; and she used to reply, نِكْحٌ; (S, * TA;) and hence the prov, أَسْرَعُ مِنْ نِكَاحِ أُمِّ خَارِجَةَ [Quicker than the marriage of Umm-Khárijeh]. (TA.) b2: Also A woman asked, or demanded, in marriage; (S, A, * K; *) and so ↓ خِطْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ خُطْبَةٌ (Kr, K) and ↓ خِطِّيبَةٌ (A, K) and ↓ خِطِّيبَى [which is also an inf. n.: see 1] : (K:) or this last signifies a woman often asked, or demanded, in marriage. (JK.) You say, هِىَ خِطْبُهُ and ↓ خِطْبَتُهُ (S, K) &c. (K) She is the person asked, or demanded, in marriage by him. (S, K. *) خُطْبَةٌ, a word of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, like نُسْخَةٌ in the sense of مَنْسُوخَةٌ, and غُرْفَةٌ مِنَ المَآءِ in the sense of مَغْرُوفَةٌ; meaning An exhortation or admonition [recited by a خَطِيب] : (Msb:) a form of words, a discourse, a sermon, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, which the خَطِيب recites on the pulpit: (K, * TA:) [in the noon-service of the congregational mosque on Friday, the خطيب recites two forms of words, each of which is thus termed: the former chiefly consists of expressions of praise to God, blessings on Mohammad and his family and companions, and exhortation to the congregation; and is termed خُطْبَةُ الوَعْظِ: the latter, of praise to God, exhortation, blessings on Mo-hammad and his family and companions, and prayer for the Muslims in general, and especially for the Sovereign; and is termed خُطْبَةُ النَّعْتِ: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii.:)] or, [accord. to its original signification,] with the [Pagan] Arabs, a discourse, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, [generally applied to one delivered in public,] in rhyming prose; and the like: (Aboo-Is-hák, K:) or the old Arabian خُطْبَة, in the Pagan and the early Muslim ages, was, in most instances, not in rhyming prose; and the term “ prose,” as here used, does not exclude what contains poetry introduced by way of testimony and the like: (MF:) or [a tract, or small treatise or discourse,] like a رِسَالَة, which [is complete in itself, or, in other words,] has a beginning and an end: (T, TA:) the pl. is خُطَبٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ مَخَاطِبُ, occurring in the following words of a trad., مِنْ أَهْلِ المَحَاشِدِ وَالمَخَاطِبِ, meaning of those who congregate, and harangue people, exciting them to go forth and assemble for seditious purposes, is said to be used in the same sense as خُطَب, and to be a pl. [of خُطْبَةٌ], contr. to rule, like مَشَابِهُ [pl. of شَبَهٌ] and مَلَامِحُ [pl. of لَمْحَةٌ]: or it is pl. of ↓ مَخْطَبَةٌ, which is syn. with خُطْبَةٌ: (TA:) or it [is pl. of ↓ مَخْطَبٌ, and] signifies places of haranguing. (L in art. حشد.) You say, خُطْبَةً حَسَنَةً ↓ خَطَبَ الخَطِيبُ [The خطيب recited a beautiful خطبة]. (A.) A2: See also خِطْبٌ

A3: Also A turbid, or dusky, colour, (K,) or a colour inclining to turbidness or duskiness, (TA,) mixed with yellowish red; (K, TA;) like the colour of wheat before it dries, and that of some wild asses: (TA:) and a green [app. here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-] colour: (TA:) or a dust-colour suffused with خُضْرَة: [or a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour: see أَخْطَبُ:] (A, K:) or خُضْرَة mixed with black. (TA.) b2: The saying, البَيِّنُ الخُطْبَةِ ↓ أَنْتَ الأَخْطَبُ, which might be imagined to ascribe to the person addressed perspicuity, or eloquence, in his خُطْبَة, really means Thou art [the asinine;] he who bears evidence of الحِمَارِيَّة [i. e. asinineness]. (A.) خِطْبَةٌ an inf. n. of خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ: (S, A, K:) or a simple subst. (Msb.) A2: See also خِطْبٌ, in two places.

خُطْبَانٌ, and خُطْبَانَةٌ: see أَخْطَبُ, in four places. b2: The former is also the name of A certain plant, (K,) of the most bitter of herbs, (TA,) resembling the هِلْيَوْن [or asparagus], (K,) or like the tails of serpents, with thin extremities resembling [in colour] the violet, or blacker; the part next below being green; and the part next below that, to the roots, white: whence the saying, أَمَرُّ مِنَ الخُطْبَانِ [More bitter than the خطبان]; in which خطبان has been erroneously said to be pl. of أَخْطَبُ, like as سُودَانٌ is pl. of أَسْوَدُ (TA.) خِطْبَانٌ: see أَخْطَبُ

أَوْرَقُ خُطْبَانِى ٌّ [Of a dusky colour, inclining to black, in a great degree; or very dusky]: the latter word is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (K.) خَطِيبٌّ [A speaker; generally a public speaker; an orator; a preacher;] a reciter of a خُطْبَة, (A, Msb, TA,) [and particularly] on the pulpit; (TA;) i. q. ↓ خَاطِبٌ [in these senses; but the latter is generally used in another sense, explained above, voce خِطْبٌ]: (S, TA:) or one who recites a خُطْبَة well; (K, TA;) [a good speaker or orator:] pl. خُطَبَآءُ. (Msb, TA.) See خُطْبَةٌ.

You say also, هُوَ خَطِيبُ القَوْمِ, meaning He is the speaker for the people or party. (Msb.) خِطَابَةٌ The office of a خَطِيب of a mosque. (TA.) خَطَّابٌ A man practised in, or accustomed to, the asking, or demanding, women in marriage. (K, * Msb, TA.) خِطِّيبٌ: see خِطْبٌ, in two places.

خِطِّيبَةٌ: see خِطْبٌ.

خِطِّيبَى: see خِطْبٌ.

خَاطِبٌ: see خِطْبٌ, in two places: b2: and see also خَطِيبٌ.

أَخْطَبُ Of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ. (K.) b2: An ass, (S, A, K,) i. e. a wild ass, (TA,) of a colour tinged with خُضْرَة [here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]: (S, K:) or of a dustcolour suffused with خُضْرَة: (A:) or having a black line, or stripe, along the middle of the back: (Fr, S, K:) fem. خَطْبَآءُ, applied to a she-ass; (Fr, S;) and likewise to a she-camel. (S, A.) b3: See also خُطْبَةٌ. b4: حَمَامَةٌ خَطْبَآءُ القَمِيصِ [A pigeon of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ]. (A.) b5: يَدٌ خَطْبَآءُ, (K,) and أَنَامِلُ خُطْبٌ, (TA, [خُطْبٌ being the pl.,]) [A hand, and fingers' ends,] of which the darkness of the dye imparted by حِنَّآء has faded: (K, TA:) and in like manner the epithet [أَخْطَبُ] is sometimes applied to the hair. (TA.) One says also اِمْرَأَةٌ خَطْبَآءُ الشَّفَتَيْنِ [A woman pale in the lips; whose lips have lost their deep red hue]. (A.) b6: حَنْظَلٌ أَخْطَبُ, (K,) or ↓ خُطْبَانٌ, (S,) Colocynths that are yellow, (S,) with green stripes: (S, K:) fem. (applied to a single colocynth, which is termed حَنْظَلَةٌ, TA) خَطْبَآءُ, with which ↓ خُطْبَانَةٌ is syn.: the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of this last [or pl. of أَخْطَبُ] is ↓ خُطْبَانٌ, and ↓ خِطْبَانٌ, which is extr. [with respect to rule]. (K.) And ↓ خُطْبَانٌ (a pl. of أَخْطَبُ, JK) also signifies Green leaves of the سَمُر. (JK, K.) b7: الأَخْطَبُ The [bird called] شَقِرَّاق; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) called in Persian, accord. to a marginal note in a copy of the S, كَاسْكِينَةْ: (TA:) or the [bird called] صُرَد; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because it has a mixture of black and white. (TA.) b8: And The صَقْر [or hawk]. (K.) b9: And A certain creeping thing (دُوَيْبَّة) of a green colour, longer than the locust, having six legs; called in Persian شش پايه, and سبوشكنك. (Mgh.) أَخْطَبَانُ a [proper] name of A certain bird; (K, TA;) so called because of a خُطْبَة, i. e. خُضْرَة, in its wings. (TA.) مَخْطَبٌ: see خُطْبَةٌ.

مَخْطَبَةٌ: see خُطْبَةٌ.

مَخَاطِبُ: see خُطْبَةٌ.

خبر

1 خَبُرَ, aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. خُبُورٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اختبر, and ↓ تخبّر; (K;) He knew; or had, or possessed, knowledge; بِشَىْءٍ [of a thing; generally meaning, with respect to its internal, or real, state]. (K, TA.) A2: خَبَرَهُ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, MS,) inf. n. خَبْرٌ; (Msb, MS; *) and خَبِرَهُ, [aor. ـَ (A,) inf. n. خَبَرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اختبِرهُ, and ↓ تخبّرهُ; (TA;) He knew it; syn. عَلِمَهُ; (S, A, Msb;) [generally meaning, with respect to its internal, or real, state; like خَبُرَ بِهِ: see خُبْرٌ, its simple subst., as distinguished from its inf. n.] You say, مِنْ أَيْنَ خَبَرْتَ هَذَا الأَمْرَ, (so in a copy of the S,) or خَبِرْتَ, (so in another copy of the S, and so in the A, where it is expressly said to be with kesr,) Whence knewest thou this thing? (S, A. *) b2: And خَبَرَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. خُبْرٌ and خِبْرَةٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ اختبرهُ [which is the more common in this sense]; (S, Msb, K;) He tried, made trial of, made experiment of, tested, proved, assayed, proved by trial or experiment or experience him, or it. (S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase, (S,) لَأَخْبُرَنَّ خَبَرَكَ, (S, K,) in some good lexicons خُبْرَكَ, (TA, [and so in the CK, but this I think to be a mistake, suggested by the explanation, which is not literal,]) i. q. لَأَعْلَمَنَّ عِلْمَكَ [which properly signifies I will assuredly know thy knowledge, or what thou knowest, but here means, as is shown by the manner in which the phrase that it explains is mentioned in the S, I will assuredly try, prove, or test, thy state, and so know what thou knowest]. (S, K.) [Hence, also,] the saying of Abu-dDardà, وَجَدْتُ النَّاسَ اُخْبُرْ تَقْلِهِمْ, (S,) or تَقْلِهِ, (A, K,) I found the people to be persons of whom it is said thus: [Try, prove, or test, them, or him, and thou wilt hate them, or him:] i. e. there is not one [of them] but his conduct is hated when it is tried, or proved, or tested: (K:) or when thou triest, provest, or testest, them, thou wilt hate them: the imperative form being used, but the meaning being that of an enunciative: (S, A, L, B:) [وَجَدْتُ is a verb of the kind called أَفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ, which govern two objective complements; therefore اُخْبُرْ تَقْلِهِمْ and اُخْبُرْ تَقْلِهِ are for مَقْلِيِّينَ عِنْدَ الخِبْرَةِ and مَقْلِيًّا عند الخبرة.]

A3: خَبَرَ الأَرْضَ, [and, as appears from a passage in the L, ↓ خبّرها, (see خَبْرٌ,)] He furrowed, or ploughed, the land for sowing. (Msb.) A4: خَبَرَ الطَّعَامَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. خَبْرٌ, (TA,) He made the food greasy; or put grease to it. (K, TA.) A5: خَبِرَ It (a place) was, or became, what is termed خَبْرَآء: (S:) or abounded with سِدْر [or lote-trees]. (TA.) b2: And خَبِرَتِ الأَرْضُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. خَبَرٌ, (TA,) The land, or ground, abounded with خَبَار [app. meaning soft soil: see 3]. (K.) A6: خبرت, [probably خَبُرَتْ, like غَزُرَتْ &c.,] inf. n. خُبُورٌ, (tropical:) She (a camel) abounded with milk. (Lh, TA. [See خَبْرٌ.]) 2 خَبَّرَ see 4, in two places: A2: and see 1.3 خَاْبَرَ خابرهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مَخَابَرَةٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) [He made a contract, or bargain, with him to till and sow and cultivate land for a share of its produce:] the inf. n. signifies i. q. مُزَارَعَةٌ [i. e. the making a contract, or bargain, with another to cultivate land for a share of its produce], (AO, Lh, S, A, IAth, Mgh, Msb,) for somewhat of its produce, (S, Msb,) or for a third or a quarter, (AO, Mgh,) or for a determined share, such as a third or a quarter or some other portion, (IAth,) or for half or the like: (so in some copies of the K and in the TA:) or the tilling the ground for half or the like: (so in other copies of the K:) and i. q. مُؤَاكَرَةٌ: (K:) and ↓ خِبْرٌ is syn. with مُخَابَرَةٌ: (S, K:) it is a forbidden practice: (A, Mgh, TA:) it is from خَبِيرٌ signifying “ a tiller, or cultivator, of land: ” (S, Mgh:) or from خَبَرَ “ he furrowed, or ploughed (land) for sowing; ” whence خَبِيرٌ also: (Msb:) or from خَبِرَتِ الأَرْضُ “ the land abounded with خَبَار: ” or from [the fortress of] خَيْبَر, because the Prophet made it to remain in the possession of its inhabitants for half of its revenue; and therefore it was said, خَابَرَهُمْ. (TA.) 4 اخبرهُ, [inf. n. إِخْبَارٌ;] (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ خبّرهُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. تَخْبِيرٌ; (K;) are syn. [as signifying He informed him, told him, or acquainted him]. (S, A, K.) You say, أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِكَذَا, (S, Msb,) [and عَنْ كذا,] and ↓ خَبَّرْتُهُ, (S,) [I informed him, or told him, of such a thing; or acquainted him with such a thing; or made him to know the internal, or real, state of such a thing.] And ↓ اخبرهُ خُبُورَةً, i. e. أَنْبَأَهُ مَا عِنْدَهُ [He informed him, or told him, of what he had, or knew]. (K. [Whether it be meant that اخبر is doubly trans. without a particle, in this instance, like أَعْلَمَ, or whether خبورة be a quasi-inf. n, is not explained.]) One says also, تُخْبِرُ عَنْ مَجْهُولِهِ مَرْآتُهُ (tropical:) [His aspect acquaints one with his unknown state or qualities]. (A.) [And اخبر عَنْهُ He predicated of him, or it.]

A2: أَخْبَرْتُ اللِّقْحَة (tropical:) I found the milch camel to be abounding with milk. (K. [See 1, last sentence.]) 5 تَخَبَّرَ see 1, in two places: b2: and see 10, in four places.

A2: تخبّروا, (K,) or تخبّروا خُبْرَةً, (S,) They bought a sheep or goat, (S, K,) for different sums, (TA,) and slaughtered it, (S, K,) and divided its flesh among themselves, (S, TA,) each of them receiving a share proportioned to the sum that he had paid. (TA.) 8 إِخْتَبَرَ see 1, in three places.

A2: مَا اخْتَبَرْتَ لِأَهْلِكَ What خُبْرَة, or flesh-meat, hast thou bought for thy family? (TA.) 10 استخبرهُ (A, K) and ↓ تخبّرهُ (K) He asked, or sought, or desired, of him information, or news, or tidings: (A, * K:) or he asked him respecting news, or tidings, and desired that he should inform him thereof. (TA.) And استخبر and ↓ تخبّر, (S,) or استخبر الخَبَرَ and ↓ تخبّرهُ, (TA,) He asked, or inquired, after the news, or tidings, (S, TA,) that he might know the same: (TA:) and ↓ تخبّر الأَخْبَارَ He searched after the news, or tidings, diligently, or time after time. (A, TA.) خَبْرٌ: see خُبْرٌ.

A2: Also Trees of the kind called سِدْر [or lote-trees], (Lth, K,) and أَرَاك, with abundant herbage around them; (Lth;) as also ↓ خَبِرٌ: (Lth, K:) [both coll. gen. ns.:] ns. un.

خَبْرَةٌ and خَبِرَةٌ. (TA.) b2: Seed-produce. (K.) b3: A place where water rests, or stagnates, in a mountain: (K:) a place where water has fallen, such as the water-course has furrowed (خَبَّرَ [perhaps a mistranscription for خَبَرَ]) in the summits (رُؤُوس) [of mountains], and through which one wades. (L.) A3: A large [leathern water-bag of the kind called] مَزَادَة [q. v.]; (S, K;) as also ↓ خَبْرَآءُ (Kr, K) and ↓ خِبْرٌ: (K:) but this last is disallowed, in the sense above-explained, by AHeyth; and others say that the first word is better: (TA:) pl. of the first خُبُورٌ. (S, K.) b2: Hence, by way of comparison thereto, (S,) (tropical:) A she-camel abounding with milk; (S, K;) as also ↓ خِبْرٌ, (K,) and ↓ مَخْبُورَةٌ [نَاقَةٌ]. (TA.) خُبْرٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ خِبْرٌ (K) and ↓ خَبْرٌ, an inf. n., (Msb,) and ↓ خَبَرٌ, also an inf. n., (TA,) and ↓ خُبْرَةٌ and ↓ خِبْرَةٌ and ↓ مَخْبَرَةٌ, (K,) Knowledge, syn. عِلْمٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) بِشَىْءٍ [of a thing]: (A, K:) or, accord. to some, خُبْزٌ signifies knowledge of the secret internal state: and ↓ خِبْزَةٌ and ↓ خُبْزَةٌ signify knowledge of the external and internal state; or, as some say, of secret internal circumstances or properties; but this necessarily involves acquaintance with external things. (TA.) You say, لِى بِهِ خُبْرٌ and ↓ خِبْرَةٌ [&c.] I have knowledge of it. (TA.) And مَا لِى بِهِ خُبْرٌ [&c.] I have not knowledge of it. (A.) b2: See also خِبْرَةٌ.

A2: And see خَبِيرٌ: A3: and خُبْرَةٌ.

خِبْرٌ: see خُبْرٌ: A2: and see also 3: A3: and see خَبْرٌ, in two places.

خَبَرٌ [originally] an inf. n. of خَبِرَهُ: see خُبْرٌ. (TA.) b2: Also Information; a piece of information; a notification; intelligence; an announcement; news; tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narration, or narrative; a story; syn. نَبَأٌ; (T, K;) that comes to one from a person of whom he asks it: (TA:) or خَبَرٌ and نَبَأٌ are not synonymous; for, accord. to Er-Rághib and others, the latter relates to a thing of great importance: and accord. to the leading authorities in lexicology and the science of conventional language, the former signifies properly, and in its common acceptation, what is related from another or others: to which authors on the Arabic language add, that it may be true or false: (MF:) or what is related from another or others, and talked of: (Msb:) pl. أَخْبَارٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and pl. pl. أَخَابِيرُ. (K.) b3: By the relaters of traditions, it is used as syn. with حَدِيثٌ [signifying A tradition; or narrative relating, or describing, a saying or an action &c. of Mohammad]: (TA:) or this latter term is applied to what comes from the Prophet; and خَبَرٌ, to what comes from another than the Prophet; or from him or another; and أَثَرٌ, to what comes from a Companion of the Prophet; but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet. (Kull p. 152.) b4: [In grammar, as correlative of مُبْتَدَأٌ, An enunciative: and as correlative of اِسْمٌ, the predicate of the non-attributive verb كَانَ and the like, and of كَادَ &c.] b5: Also A man's state, or case; الأَمْرُ الَّذِى هُوَ عَليْهِ. (Har p. 20.) خَبِرٌ: see خَبِيرٌ, in two places.

A2: See also خَبْرٌ. b2: خَبِرَةٌ, or أَرْضٌ خَبِرَةٌ; and مَوْضِعٌ خَبِرٌ, and خَبِرٌ alone: see خُبْرٌ.

خُبْرَةٌ: see خُبْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A portion, or share, (A'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, K,) which one takes, of flesh-meat or fish. (A'Obeyd, S, K.) b2: A sheep, or goat, which is bought by a number of persons, (S, K,) for different sums, (TA,) and slaughtered, (S, K,) and of which the flesh is then divided by them among themselves, (S,) each of them receiving a share proportioned to the sum that he has paid; (TA; [see 5;]) as also ↓ خَبِيرَةٌ: (K:) and ↓ شَاةٌ خَبِيرَةٌ a sheep, or goat, divided among several persons; thought by ISd to be formed by rejection of the augmentative letter [in its verb تخبّر]. (TA.) b3: What one buys for his family; as also ↓ خُبْرٌ: (K:) accord. to some, (TA,) flesh-meat (K, TA) which one buys for his family. (TA.) b4: Food, (K, TA,) consisting of flesh-meat and other kinds. (TA.) b5: A thing brought forward or offered [for entertainment]. (Lh, K.) So in the saying, اِجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى خُبْرَتِهِ [They congregated over what he had brought forward, or offered, for their entertainment]. (Lh.) b6: A mess of crumbled, or broken, bread, moistened with broth, large, (K, TA,) and greasy. (TA.) b7: A bowl in which are bread and flesh-meat for four or five [persons]. (K.) b8: Food which the traveller carries in his journey, (K,) and provides for himself. (TA.) b9: Seasoning, condiment, or savoury food; as also ↓ خَبِيرٌ: whence the saying, أَتَانَا بِخُبْزَةٍ وَلَمْ يَأْتِنَا بِخُبْرَةٍ [He brought us a cake of bread, but he brought us not any seasoning]. (TA.) b10: Hence, by the Karaj, whose land is adjacent to 'Irák el-'Ajam, applied to A date; and by some of them pronounced خُبْلَةٌ. (TA.) خِبْرَةٌ Trial, proof, or test; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ خُبْرٌ, (S, K,) as in the saying, صَدَّقَ الخَبَرَ الخُبْرُ [The trial, proof, or test, verified the information]. (S.) b2: See also خُبْرٌ, in three places.

خَبْرَآءُ, (Lth, S, K,) and أَرْضٌ خَبْرَآءُ, (S,) and ↓ خَبِرَةٌ, (Lth, K, [in the CK خَبْرَة,]) or أَرْضٌ خَبِرَةٌ, (S,) A plain, or level, tract of land, that produces سِدْر [or lote-trees]: (S, K:) or a tract abounding with trees, in the lower part of a meadow, in which water remains until the hot season, and in which grow trees of the kinds called سِدْر and أَرَاك, with abundant herbage around them: (Lth:) the pl. of خَبْرَآءُ is خَبَارَى and خَبَارٍ and خَبْرَاوَاتٌ (S, K) and خِبَارٌ; (K;) and the pl. of خَبِرَةٌ is ↓ خَبِرٌ; (TA;) [or this is neither a pl. nor a quasi-pl. n.: it may be a coll. gen. n.: but it is probably only an epithet, of which خَبِرَةٌ is the fem.; for] one says also ↓ مَوْضِعٌ خَبِرٌ, (S, TA,) meaning a place abounding with سِدْر. (TA.) b2: خَبْرَآءُ also signifies A place where water collects and stagnates: (TA:) or where water collects and stagnates at the roots of trees of the kind called سِدْر: (K, TA:) or a round low tract of level ground in which water collects. (T.) b3: See also خَبَارٌ.

A2: And see خَبْرٌ.

خَبَارٌ Soft land or soil, (IAar, S, A, Mgh, K,) in which are burrows (IAar, S, A) and hollows; (IAar;) as also ↓ خَبْرَآءُ: (A:) or soft land or soil, in which beasts sink and are embarrassed: or crumbling ground, in which the feet of beasts sink. (TA.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ تَجَنَّبَ الخَبَارَ أَمِنَ العِثَارَ [He who avoids soft ground in which the feet sink will be secure from stumbling]. (A, K.) b2: Also Heaps of earth, or dust, collected at the roots of trees. (K, * TA.) b3: and Burrows of جِرْذَان [or large field-rats]: (K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) الخَبُورُ The lion. (K.) خَبِيرٌ Knowing; having knowledge; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ خَبِرٌ: (AHn:) or possessing much knowledge with respect to internal things; like شَهِيدٌ with respect to external things: (L in art. شهد:) or possessing knowledge of matters of information, news, tidings, accounts, narratives, or stories; of what is termed خَبَرٌ; (K;) or of what are termed أَخْبَار; (TA;) as also ↓ خَابِرٌ and ↓ خَبِرٌ, (K,) which last is thought by ISd to be a possessive [as distinguished from a verbal] epithet, (TA,) [or it is from خَبِرَ, a form which ISd may not have known,] and ↓ خُبْرٌ, (K,) which is an intensive epithet: (TA:) also informed; possessing information. (TA.) You say, أَنَا بِهِ خَبِيرٌ I have knowledge of it. (A.) And [hence]

الخَبِيرُ is a name of God, meaning He who knoweth what hath been and what is or will be: (TA:) or He who well knoweth the internal qualities of things. (Sharh Et-Tirmidhee.) b2: Also Possessing knowledge of God, (K, TA,) by being acquainted with his names and his attributes. (TA.) b3: A lawyer; one skilled in the law, or practical religion. (TA.) b4: A head, or chief. (TA.) A2: A tiller, or cultivator, of land. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A3: Fur, or soft hair, syn. وَبَرٌ, (S, K,) of camels, and (tropical:) of the wild ass. (TA.) b2: Hair that has fallen: and with ة, a portion thereof. (K.) [See also خَبِيرَةٌ below.] b3: (tropical:) Plants, or herbage; (S, K, TA;) fresh herbage: (K, TA:) likened to the وَبَر of camels, because growing like the latter: and seed-produce. (TA.) It is said in a trad., نَسْتَخْلِبُ الخَبِيرَ (tropical:) We cut (S, TA) with the reaping-hook, (TA,) and eat, the plants, or herbage. (S, TA.) b4: Froth, or foam: (TA:) or the froth, or foam, of the mouths of camels. (S, K, TA.) A4: Seasoned, or made savoury. (TA.) b2: See also خُبْرَةٌ.

خُبُِورَةٌ: see 4.

خَبِيرَةٌ: see خُبَرةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also Good wool, of the first shearing. (K.) [See also خَبِيرٌ.]

A3: An invitation to the عَقِيقَة [q. v.] of a boy. (TA.) خَابِرٌ: see خَبِيرٌ. b2: Also One who tries, proves, or tests, things; having experience. (TA.) خَابُورٌ A certain plant: (K:) or a kind of tree, having a blossom beautiful and bright, yellow, and of good odour, with which gardens are adorned: MF says, I do not think it to be found in the East. (TA.) الخَيبَرَى, (K, TA,) in some copies of the K written الخَيْبَرِىُّ, (TA,) The black serpent. (K.) So in the saying, بَلَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِالخَيْبَرَى [May God afflict him, or it, with the black serpent]: app. because a ruined place becomes the resort of deadly serpents. (TA.) A2: One says also, عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَرَى وَحُمَّى خَيْبَرَى [May perdition befall him, and the fever of Kheyber: الدبرى being app. an inf. n., syn. with الدَّبَار, which is used in a similar phrase (عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَارُ) mentioned in the TA in art. دبر, and خَيْبَر being altered to خَيْبَرَى, as is indicated in the S, in order to assimilate it in form to الدبرى]: (S, TA:) the fever of Kheyber is مُتَنَاذَرَة [i. e. a fever “ against which people warn one another,” because it is generally fatal]. (TA.) [See also خَاسِرٌ.]

أَخْبَارِىٌّ A historian: a rel. n. formed from the pl., like أَنْصَارِىٌّ and أَنْمَاطِىٌّ. (TA.) مَخْبَرٌ (S) and ↓ مَخْبَرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مُخْبَرَةٌ (S, M) The internal state; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or to the aspect, of a thing; [whether pleasing or displeasing; but when used absolutely, meaning the former;] opposite of مَرْآةٌ (S, K) and of مَنْظَرٌ [q. v.]. (S.) See also مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ.

مَخْبَرَةٌ: see خُبْرٌ: A2: and see مَخْبَرٌ.

A3: Also [A privy;] a place where excrement, or ordure, is voided. (K.) مَخْبُرَةٌ: see مَخْبَرٌ.

رَجُلٌ مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ A man of goodly internal, or intrinsic, qualities; syn. ↓ ذُو مَخْبَرٍ; like مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ as meaning ذُو مَنْظَرٍ. (TA.) مَخْبُورٌ Well seasoned; (K;) having much grease. (TA.) A2: نَاقَةٌ مَخْبُورَةٌ: see خَبْرٌ, last sentence.

مُخْتَبَرٌ (assumed tropical:) A camel having much flesh. (TA.)

خصر

1 خَصرَ, (S, A,) aor. ـَ inf. n. خَصَرٌ, (TK,) It (a day) was, or became, intensely cold. (S, A.) He (a man) suffered pain from the cold in his extremities. (S.) And خَصِرَتْ يَدِى, (S, TA,) and أَنَامِلِى, (TA,) My arm, or hand, and my fingers' ends, were pained by the cold. (S, * TA.) 2 تَخْصِيرٌ [an inf. n. of which the verb, if it have one, is خُصِّرَ]: see مُخَصَّرٌ.3 خاصر المَرْأَةَ, (A,) inf. n. مُخَاصَرَةٌ, (TA,) He laid hold upon the woman's خَاصِرَة [or flank], (A,) or put his hand to her خَصْر [or waist], (TA,) in compressing her. (A, TA.) b2: and خاصرهُ He took his hand in walking, or walked with him hand in hand, (S, A, IAth, K,) so that the hand of each was by the waist (خَصْر) of the other: (IAth:) and, (so in the S, but in the K “ or,”) inf. n. as above, (S,) he took a different way from his (another's) until he met him in a place: (S, K:) مخاصرة as the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is syn. with مُخَازَمَةٌ: (S:) or خاصرهُ signifies he walked with him, and then parted from him, and so continued until he met him at a time, or place, at which they had not appointed to meet: (IAar:) or he walked by his side. (K.) 4 اخصر It (cold) pained a man's arms, or hands, and his fingers' ends. (A, * TA.) 5 تَخَصَّرَ see 8, in the first sentence: A2: and again, in the last two sentences.6 تخاصر: see 8. b2: تخاصروا They took one another by the hand in walking, or walked together hand in hand [so that the hand of each was by the waist (خَصْر) of another: see 3]. (S, K. *) 8 اختصر (A, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ تخصّر, (Mgh, Msb, K,) or ↓ تخاصر, (A, L,) He put his hand upon his خَصْر [or waist], (A, Mgh, L, Msb,) or upon his خَاصِرَة [or flank], (Mgh, K,) in prayer. (Mgh, L, Msb.) The doing this in prayer [except in the night, when tired, (see المُتَخَصِّرُونَ,)] is forbidden, or disapproved. (Mgh, TA.) A2: اختصر الطَّرِيقَ He went the nearest way. (S, A, Msb, K.) b2: And hence, (Msb, TA,) اختصر الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He abridged the language, or the discourse; syn. أَوْجَزَهُ: (S, A, K:) [and in like manner, الكِتَابَ the book, or writing:] or, accord. to some, the latter (اوجزهُ) signifies “ he expressed its correct meaning concisely, without regard to the original words; ” and the former, he curtailed its words, preserving the meaning: (MF:) or properly, he abridged the expressions, making the words fewer, but preserving the entire meaning: (Msb:) or he abridged the language by omitting superfluities, and choosing from it concise expressions which conveyed the meaning. (L.) [You say, اختصرهُ عَلَى الرُّبْعِ (assumed tropical:) He reduced it by abridgment to the fourth of its original bulk.] And اختصر السَّجْدَةَ (assumed tropical:) He recited the chapter in which a prostration should be performed, omitting the verse requiring prostration, in order that he might not prostrate himself: or he recited only the verse requiring a prostration, to prostrate himself in so doing: both which practices are forbidden. (T, * Mgh, * Msb, * K.) And the verb alone (assumed tropical:) He recited a verse, or two verses, of the last part of the chapter, in prayer; (K;) not the whole chapter. (TA.) b3: Also, the verb alone, He curtailed a thing of its superfluities, (K,) in a general sense. (TA.) b4: And اختصر فِى الجَزِّ, (JK, K, TA,) in some copies of the K فِى الحَزِّ, with ح, (TA,) or اختصر الجَزَّ, (A,) He did not extirpate in cutting; did not cut off entirely, or utterly: (A, K:) or he extirpated in cutting; cut off utterly. (JK.) A3: اختصر also signifies He took a مِخْصَرَة [in his hand]: (S, * K:) and بِهَا ↓ تخصّر he took it in his hand; namely, a مخصرة: (Har p. 122:) or the former, he leaned upon it in walking: (TA:) or he took a مخصرة or a staff in his hand, to lean upon it. (Mgh.) You say also, اختصر العَنَزَةَ [He took in his hand the عنزة: or he leaned upon the عنزة in walking]: it is a thing [i. e. a kind of staff, or short spear,] like the عُكَّازَة: and in like manner, ↓ تخصّر; as in the L &c.: (TA:) and اختصر بِالعَصَا He leaned upon the staff in walking. (A.) خَصْرٌ The middle, or waist, of a man or woman: (S, A, Msb, K;) i. e. the slender part above the hips or haunches: (Msb:) pl. خُصُورٌ. (A, K.) See also الخَاصِرَةُ, in two places. b2: (tropical:) The hollow part of the sole of the foot, which does not touch the ground: (A, K:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: (tropical:) The narrow part of a sandal, before the أُذُنَانِ [which are the two loops whereto is attached the strap that passes behind the wearer's heel]: (TA:) or خَصْرَانِ [the dual] signifies the narrow part of a sandal. (IAar, TA.) b4: (tropical:) The part which is between the base of the notch and the feathers of an arrow: (AHn, A, * K:) pl. as above. (K.) b5: (tropical:) A way between the upper and lower parts of a heap of sand; (K, TA:) or (tropical:) the lower part of a heap of sand; the thin part thereof; as also ↓ مُخَصَّرٌ: (A, TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b6: (assumed tropical:) The place of the بُيُوت [or tents] of the Arabs of the desert: (K:) or, as some say, of such بيوت, a clean place: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) خَصَرٌ Cold (S, K) which a man feels in his extremities. (TA.) خَصِرٌ, applied to a day, Painfully cold. (A, TA.) b2: Cold, as an epithet, (S, K,) applied to water, (S,) and to anything. (TA.) b3: A man feeling cold [especially in his extremities: see 1]: to signify cold and hungry, the epithet خَرِصٌ is used. (A 'Obeyd.) b4: ثَغْرٌ خَصِرٌ [A mouth, or front teeth,] cold, or cool, in the place that is hissed. (A, TA. [See also مُخَصَّرٌ.]) خُصَيْرَى, (K, TA,) in some copies of the K خُصَيْرِىٌّ, (TA,) [but the former is shown to be the right reading by a verse cited in the TA,] The curtailment of the superfluities of a thing; like اِخْتِصَارٌ. (K, * TA.) الخَاصِرَةُ [The flank; i. e. each of the ilia;] i. q. الشَّاكِلَةُ; (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ” S, K;) i. e. the طَفْطَفَة [or quivering flesh] of the side, that reaches to the extremities of the ribs: (Zj, ibid.:) and [so in the K, but more properly “ or,”] الخَاصِرَةُ, (K,) or الخَاصِرَاتَانِ (JK, TA) and ↓ الخَصْرَانِ, (TA,) what is between the حَرْقَفَة [or crest of the hip] and the lowest rib; (JK, K, TA;) i. e. the part from which retires each of the lowest ribs, and in advance of which projects each of the حَجَبَتَانِ: [explained by the words ما قلص عنه القُصَيْرَيَانِ وتقدّم من الحجبتين: but for من الحجبتين, I read مِنْهُ الحَجَبَتَانِ; referring, for corroboration, to explanations of this last word; and therefore I have rendered the passage as above: the meaning seems evidently to be the part between the lowest rib and the crest of the hip, on each side:] the thin skin which is above the خَصْر is called the طَفْطَفَة: so in the M, agreeably with the saying of Ibn-El-Ajdábee, that ↓ الخَصْرُ and الخَاصِرَةُ are syn.; i. e., in this sense: [this assertion, however, requires consideration; for all the explanations of الخاصرة are easily reconcileable:] pl. خَوَاصِرُ [which is also used in the sense of the sing. or dual]. (TA.) You say رَجُلٌ ضَخْمُ الخَواصِرِ [A man large in the flank or flanks]: and Lh mentions the phrase إِنَّهَا لَمُنْتَفِخَةُ الخَوَصِرِ [Verily she is inflated, or swollen, in the flank or flanks]; as though the term خاصرة were applicable to every portion [of the flank]. (TA.) b2: Also A pain in the خَاصِرَة [or flank]: or in the kidneys. (TA.) b3: And it is also said to signify A certain vein (عِرْق) in the kidney, which occasions pain to the person when it is in motion. (TA.) خِنْصِرٌ: see art خنصر.

أَخْصَرُ [Shorter: and shortest]. You say, هٰذَا

أَخْصَرُ مِنْ ذَاكَ This [road] is shorter than that. (A.) But this is irregular; أَخْصَرُ being formed from اُخْتُصِرَ, a verb of more than three letters. (I' Ak p. 237.) مِخْصَرَةٌ A thing like a whip: and anything that a man takes (يَخْتَصِرُ) with his hand, and holds, such as a staff and the like: (S:) a thing which a man takes in his hand, and upon which he leans, such as a staff and the like: (K, * TA:) a rod [or sceptre] which a king used to take in his hand, with which he made signs, or pointed, in holding a discourse, or addressing, (A, K, *) and accompanied what he said, (A,) and in like manner the خَطِيب in reciting a خُطْبَة: (K, * TA:) it was one of the insignia of kings: (TA:) a rod, or what is termed عَنَزَة, or the like, with which the خَطِيب makes signs, or points, in addressing the people: (Msb:) a thing which a man holds in his hand, such as any of the things termed عَصًا and مِقْرَعَةٌ and عَنَزَةٌ and عُكَّازَةٌ and قَضِيبٌ, or the like; and upon which he sometimes leans: (A 'Obeyd:) pl. مَخَاصِرُ. (S, TA.) مُخَصَّرٌ, applied to a man, (TA,) Slender (K, TA) in the waist: (TA:) lean, or lank in the belly: (K:) or, in the خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (TA:) and البَطْنِ ↓ مَخْصُورٌ is also applied to a man [as meaning lank in the belly]. (A, TA.) b2: كَشْحٌ مُخَصَّرٌ A thin [flank or rather waist: see a verse of Imra-el-Keys cited voce مُذَلَّلٌ]. (S, A, K.) b3: قَدَمٌ مُخَصَّرَةٌ (JK, A, TA) and ↓ مَخْصُورَةٌ (JK, TA) (tropical:) [A foot that touches the ground with its fore part and heel; the middle of the sole being hollow and narrow: this meaning, or a meaning similar to that of يَدٌ مُخَصَّرَةٌ explained below, seems to be indicated in the TA: the latter is the meaning accord. to the JK; but this [ think doubtful, on account of what here follows]. مُخَصَّرُ القَدَمَيْنِ means (tropical:) A man whose feet touch the ground with the fore part and the heel; the middle of the sole being hollow and narrow: (S, K:) and you say also ↓ مَخْصُورُ القَدَمَيْنِ. (A, TA.) b4: يَدٌ مُخَصَّرَةٌ, or ↓ مَخْصُورَةٌ, (as in different copies of the K,) or both, (TA,) (tropical:) An arm, or a hand, in the wrist of which is what is termed ↓ تَخْصِيرٌ, as though it were bound: or which has an encircling groove-like depression. (K, TA.) b5: نَعْلٌ مُخَصَّرَةٌ (tropical:) A sandal narrow in the middle. (S, * A, * K, TA.) b6: See also خَصْرٌ.

A2: ثَغْرٌ بَارِدُ المُخَصَّرِ [A mouth, or front teeth,] cold, or cool, in the place that is kissed. (TA. [See also خَصِرٌ.]) مَخْصُورٌ A man having a complaint of, or a pain in, his خَصْر [or waist], or his خَاصِرَة [or flank]. (TA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

مَخَاصِرُ pl. of مِخْصَرَةٌ. (S, TA.) A2: مَخَاصِرُ الطَّرِيقِ The nearest roads or ways; (K;) as also ↓ المُخْتَصَرَاتُ: (TA:) or مُخْتَصِرَاتُ الطُّرُقِ signifies The roads, or ways, that are near, notwithstanding their ruggedness, but not so easy as those that are longer. (L.) المُخْتَصَرَاتُ, or مُخْتَصِرَاتُ الطُّرُقِ: see the paragraph next preceding.

المُتَخَصِّرُونَ, (K,) or المُتَخَصِّرُونَ فِى الصَّلَاةِ, (Mgh,) Those who, in praying in the night, becoming tired thereby, put their hands upon their خَوَاصِر [or flanks]: of such it is said (in a trad., IAth, K) that light shall be [seen] on their faces (IAth, Mgh, K) on the day of resurrection: (IAth, K:) [in other cases, this action is forbidden, or disapproved: see 8:] or, in the instance mentioned above, it may mean those who shall rest upon their righteous works on the day of resurrection: (IAth, Mgh, TA:) this latter is apparently the right meaning: otherwise, two trads. contradict each other. (MF.)