صدر
1 صَدَرَ, (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـُ (
S,
M,
Msb,
K) and صَدِرَ, (
K,)
inf. n. صَدْرٌ (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K) and صُدُورٌ (
A,
TA) and مَصْدَرٌ (
M,
K) and مَزْدَرٌ because of the similarity [of the letters ص and ز], (
M,) He returned, went back; (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K;) and went, or turned, away; (
Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, (
S,
M,
A,) and a country, (
S,
M,) or a place, (
Msb,) and (assumed
tropical:) any affair. (
Lth.)
b2: Hence, صَدَرَ القَوْلُ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. صُدُورٌ, (assumed
tropical:) [The saying issued, proceeded, or emanated, عَنْهُ from him.] (
Msb.) [And صَدَرَ عَنْهُ الفِعْلُ, with the same
aor. and
inf. n., (assumed
tropical:) The action proceeded from him.]
b3: And صَدَرَ إِلَيْهِ He went to it; namely, a place: (
TA:) he came to it. (
Kull. p. 228.)
A2: صَدَرَهُ: see 4.
A3: Also, (
M,
K,)
aor. ـُ
inf. n. صَدْرٌ, (
M,) He hit, struck, or hurt, his صَدْر [i. e. breast]. (
M,
K.) You say, ضَرَبْتُهُ فَصَدَرْتُهُ I struck him and hit his breast. (
A.)
b2: And صَدِرَ He had a complaint of the صَدْر [or chest]. (
M,
K.) [See its part.
n., below.]
2 صدّرهُ: see 4.
A2: صدّر بَعِيرَهُ, (
K,)
inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ, (
TA,) He tied a cord from the girth of his camel to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on his breast: (
K,
TA:) or,
accord. to
Lth, (
L,) one says, صدّر عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ, (
M,
L,) and the meaning is, he tied a cord from the تَصْدِير [or breast-girth] to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on the breast of his camel, to keep the تصدير in its place, when it had become loose in consequence of the animal's having become lank in the belly: the cord above mentioned is called سِنَافٌ [
q. v.]. (
Lth,
L.)
b2: And صدّر عَلَى البَعِيرِ [
app. He put the breast-girth upon the camel]: from التَّصْدِيرُ, i. e. “ the girth ” [thus called]. (
MA.)
b3: صُدِّرَ His (a horse's) breast became wetted with sweat. (
S.) See 5.
b4: صدّرهُ, (
TA,) or صدّرهُ فِى المَجْلِسِ, (
S,) (assumed
tropical:) He placed him, or seated him, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (
TA.) And صُدِّرَ He was advanced, or promoted. (
A.)
b5: صدّر كِتَابَهُ, (
S,
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
K,) (
tropical:) He put to his book, or writing, a صَدْر, (
S,
K,
TA,) i. e. a title, or a commencement. (
TA.) And صدّر كِتَابَهُ بِكَذَا (
tropical:) [He commenced his book, or writing, with such a thing]. (
A.)
A3: See also 5, where it is
expl. as
intrans., in two places.
3 مُـ
ـصَادَرَــةٌ signifies The returning, or going back, [
app. with another, from water, &c.] (
KL.) [The verb is probably
trans., agreeably with general
analogy, in all its senses;
صادرهُ
app. signifying primarily He returned, or went back, with him from water &c.
b2: Ibr D thinks that it signifies also (assumed
tropical:) He vied, or contended, with him for precedence, or priority.]
A2: Also (assumed
tropical:) The exacting a fine or the like [
app. from another: or the suing, or prosecuting, another, for a debt &c.]. (
KL.) You say,
صادرهُ عَلَى كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (
S, *
K, *
TA) (assumed
tropical:) He desired, or sought, to obtain from him; or he demanded of him; or he sued, or prosecuted, him for; such a sum, or such an amount, of property. (
K, *
TA.)
b2: And
صَادَرْــتُهُ عَلَى كَذَ ا وَكَذَا (assumed
tropical:) I released him from my reckoning with him on such and such terms agreed upon by both. (
TA in art. فرق.) And صُودِرَ عَلَى مَالٍ يُؤَدِّيهِ (assumed
tropical:) He (an
agent) was released from being reckoned with (فُورِقَ) on the condition of his paying certain property for which he became responsible: a phrase of the registrars of accounts. (
TA in the present art.) 4 اصدرهُ, (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K,) and ↓ صَدَرَهُ, (
M,
K,) and ↓ صدّرهُ, (
K,) He caused him to return; sent him, or brought him, back, (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K,) or away; (
Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, and a country [or place], (
S,) and (assumed
tropical:) any affair. (
Lth.) You say, أَصْدَرْنَا رِكَابَنَا We sent, or brought, back our riding-camels satisfied with drink so that it was not necessary for us to remain with them for the sake of the water. (
TA.) And أَوْرَدَهُ وَأَصْدَرَهُ He brought it and he took it away. (
Har p.
361.)
b2: [Hence,] أَوْرَدَ وَأَصْدَرَ (
tropical:) He began and completed. (
TA.) You say, إِذَا أَوْرَدَ أَمْرًا أَصْدَرَهُ (
tropical:) When he begins a thing, or an affair, he completes it. (
A.) And فُلَانٌ يُورِدُ وَلَا يُصْدِرُ (
tropical:) Such a one begins and does not complete. (
A.)
b3: and اصدر القَوْلَ (assumed
tropical:) [He issued forth the saying; made it to issue, proceed, or emanate, عَنْهُ from him]. (
Msb. [See 1.]) [And اصدر عَنْهُ الفِعْلَ (assumed
tropical:) He, or it, made the action to proceed from him.]
5 تصدّر He [a man,
TA) erected his chest in sitting. (
M,
K.)
b2: (
tropical:) He [a horse) outreached the other horses with his chest; (
M,
K, *
TA;) as also ↓ صدّر, (
S, *
M,
MA,
K,)
inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ: the latter verb is afterwards
expl. in the
K as meaning بَرَزَ بِرَأْسِهِ; but this is a mistake. (
TA.) Tufeyl says, describing a horse, مِنْ عَرَقٍ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا صَدَّرْنَ سِيدٌ تَمَطَّرَ جِنْحَ اللَّيْلِ مَبْلُولُ
As though he were, after they had outreached with their chests, from a row of [other] horses, [a wolf that had exposed himself to rain during a portion of the night, and had become wetted:] but
accord. to one relation, it is ↓ صُدِّرْنَ, meaning their breasts were wetted [مِنْ عَرَقٍ] by reason of sweat: the former reading, however is the better. (
S.)
b3: Also (assumed
tropical:) He sat, or became placed or seated, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (
S, *
K, *
TA.) and He became advanced, or promoted. (
A.) تصدّر لِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ (assumed
tropical:) [He became advanced to the foremost place for the conducting of the affairs of the people]. (
Har p. 194.) 6 تـ
ـصادروا [
app. They returned together from water, &c.]. (A. [This meaning seems to be there indicated by the context.])
b2: And one says, تـ
ـصادروا عَلَى مَا شَاؤُوا (
tropical:) [
app. meaning They released one another from being reckoned with, by mutual agreement, on such terms as they would: see 3]. (
A.) صَدْرٌ Anything that fronts, or faces, one. (
M,
K.)
b2: And hence, (
M,) The صَدْر [i. e. breast, or chest, or bosom,] of a man, [often meaning his mind,] (
M,
Msb,
K,) and of other than man: (
Msb:) of the
masc. gender: (
Lh,
S,
M,
K:)
pl. صُدُورٌ, (
S,
M,
Msb,) the only
pl. form. (
M.) [See also صُدْرَةٌ.]
As to the saying of the poet, (
S,
M,) El-Aashà, (
S,) وَتَشْرَقُ بِالقَوْلِ الَّذِى قَدْ أَذَعْتُهُ كَمَا شَرِقَتْ صَدْرُ القَنَاةِ مِنَ الدَّمِ
[And thou becomest, or wilt become, red by reason of the saying that I have published, like as the fore part of the spear becomes red from blood], (
S, *
M,) he has made صدر
fem. because the صدر of the قناة is a part of the قناة; for they [sometimes] make a noun
fem. when it is prefixed to a
fem. noun: (
S:) or if you will, you may say that he has made صدر
fem. because he meant [thereby] the قناة; and if you will, you may say that the صدر of a قناة is a قناة. (
M.) [Hence,] بَنَاتُ الصَّدْرِ (
tropical:) The spaces between the bones of the breast. (
M,
TA.) [And also] (assumed
tropical:) Anxieties. (
T in art. بنى.) And ذَاتُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed
tropical:) What is in the minds. (
Ksh and
Bd and
Jel in iii. 115, &c.) and ضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed
tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted. (
Msb in art. ضيق. [See the
Kur xv. 97 and xxvi. 12.]) And شَرَحَ بِالكُفْرِ صَدْرًا (assumed
tropical:) He opened and dilated his bosom, meaning, was pleased, with infidelity. (
Jel in xvi. 108.
[See also the similar phrases شَرَحَ اللّٰهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ and لِقَبُولِ الخَيْرِ
expl. in art. شرح.]) And اِنْشَرَحَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed
tropical:) His bosom became dilated or enlarged [with joy]. (
S in art. شرح.) And وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ and رَحِيبُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed
tropical:) Ample, or dilated, in the breast, or bosom; [meaning free-minded; free from distress of mind; without care: and free from narrowness of mind; liberal, munificent, or generous.] (
S and
TA in art. رحب.) [and ضَيِّقُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed
tropical:) Having the bosom, or mind, strait, or contracted.] And رَجُلٌ بَعِيدُ الصَّدْرِ (
tropical:) A man who is not to be turned, or bent, or inclined. (
M.) In the saying هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ مَنْ بِهِ صَدْرٌ إِلَّا
أَنْ يَنْفِثَ [meaning Is he who has the disease of the chest (دَآءُ الصَّدْرِ) able to do without spitting?], if it be correct, the
prefixed noun [دآء] is suppressed. (
Mgh.) [صَدْرُ الدَّجَاجَةِ, as said by Freytag, is the name of (assumed
tropical:) The star γ of Cygnus.]
b3: Also (assumed
tropical:) The upper, or uppermost, part of the front of anything. (
M,
K.) [Hence,] صُدُورُ الوَادِى (assumed
tropical:) The higher, or upper, parts, and fronts, or fore parts, of the valley; (
M,
K;) as also صَدَائِرُهُ, which is
pl. of ↓ صَدَارَةٌ, (
K,) or ↓ صِدَارَةٌ, (as in a copy of the
M,) or ↓
صَادِرَــةٌ, (as in the
L,) or of ↓ صَدِيرَةٌ. (
M,
L,
K.) And صَدْرُ المَجْلِسِ (assumed
tropical:) The upper, or highest, part [or end] of the sitting-room, or sitting-place: (
TA:) the elevated part thereof. (
Msb.)
b4: [(assumed
tropical:) The fore part of anything. (assumed
tropical:) The prow, or fore part, of a ship.] (assumed
tropical:) The fore part of the foot, between the toes and the [protuberant part called the] حِمَارَة. (
M.) (assumed
tropical:) The fore part of the sandal, before the [hole through which is put the thong called the شِرَاك, i. e. the hole called the] خُرْت. (
M.) (
tropical:) The part of the arrow that is above the middle, as far as the مراش: (so in a copy of the A: [an evident mistranscription for رَأْس, i. e. head:]) or the part of the arrow that is beyond the middle, as far as the slender part, (
S,
M,
Msb,
K,) which is next the head; (
M;) so called because it is the fore part when it is shot: (
S,
Msb,
K:) and likewise of the spear [as in the verse cited above in this paragraph]. (
M.) يَوْمٌ كَصَدْرِ الرُّمْحِ [
lit. (assumed
tropical:) A day like the fore part of the spear] means (assumed
tropical:) a day of straitness and distress:
accord. to
Th, it is a day by which war, or battle, is peculiarly distinguished. (
M,
L.)
b5: (assumed
tropical:) The first, first part, or commencement, of anything; (
S,
M,
K;) even (assumed
tropical:) of the day, (
M,
Msb,) and (assumed
tropical:) of the night, and (assumed
tropical:) of the winter, and (assumed
tropical:) of the summer, and (assumed
tropical:) the like, (
M,) and (
tropical:) of an affair. (A. [See an
ex. voce عَجُزٌ.]) (
tropical:) The title of a book or writing: and the first part, or commencement, thereof. (
TA.) [(assumed
tropical:) The first foot of the first hemistich of a verse.] And The first hemistich (altogether) of a verse. (O
voce عَجُزٌ.) [And (assumed
tropical:) The first verse of a قَصِيدَة.]
b6: صَدْرُ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed
tropical:) The wide, or widening, part of the road. (
Msb.)
b7: صَدْرُ القَوْمِ (assumed
tropical:) The head, or chief, of the people, or party; as also ↓ المَصْدَرُ. (
TA.) And hence, صَدْرُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed
tropical:) [The chief of the chiefs; a title applied to the prime minister of the king; and also to the chief judge;
app., in the earlier times, to the former;] he who performs the onerous duties of the king, or of the state. (
TA.)
b8: And (assumed
tropical:) A part, or portion, of a thing. (
S,
K.) صَدَرٌ a
subst. signifying Return, (
S,
M,
Msb,
K,) from (عَنْ) water, (
S,
M,) and a country, (
S,) or a place, (
Msb,) and (assumed
tropical:) any affair: (
Lth:) as some say, from anything. (
M.) Hence, طَوَافُ الصَّدَرِ, (
K,
TA, in the
CK الصَّدْرِ,) i. e. The compassing of the Kaabeh on the occasion of the return of the pilgrims from ' Arafát. (
TA.) [Hence also,] الصَّدَرُ The fourth day of the days of the sacrifice [performed by the pilgrims]: (
M,
K:) so called because the people then return from Mekkeh to their abodes. (
M.) [And hence the saying,] تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ لَيْلَةِ الصَّدَرِ I left him as in the night preceding the fourth day of the days of the sacrifice: (
A:) or [as in the night preceding the day] when the people return from their pilgrimage; (
S;) meaning, (assumed
tropical:) possessing nothing. (
M.)
A2: Also
quasi-pl. n. of
صَادِرٌ,
q. v. (
M,
K.) صُدْرَةٌ The صَدْر [or breast] (
M,
K) of a man [or beast]: (
TA:) or the prominent part of the upper portion thereof. (
T,
S,
M,
K.)
b2: Hence, (
S,) A certain garment [which covers the breast], (
S,
M,) well known: (
K:) a short shirt: a short دِرْع: and the
dim., ↓ صُدَيْرَةٌ, is applied to a short shirt which is worn next the body. (
TA.) [In the present day, صُدَيْرِى, which is a corruption of the
dim., is applied to A kind of waistcoat; a short vest without sleeves: and its
pl. is صُدَيْرِيَات.] See also the next paragraph.
صِدَارٌ A certain garment, of which the head, or upper part, is like the مِقْنَعَة, [covering the head,] and the lower part of which covers the breast (
M,
K) and the shoulders: (
M:) a woman in mourning for the death of her husband or relation used to wear a صدار of wool: (
Az:) or
i. q. ↓ صُدْرَةٌ [
q. v.] and مِجْوَلٌ and أُصْدَةٌ: (
IAar:) or a certain garment with which the head and breast are covered, worn by a woman in mourning for her husband: (
A:) or a small shirt worn next the body: (
S:) or a دِرْع worn next the breast: (
As:) or
i. q. إِتْبٌ [
q. v.]. (
T in art. اتب.) It is said in a
prov., كُلُّ ذَاتِ صِدَارٍ خَالَةٌ [Every female having a صدار is as a maternal aunt]: i. e., it is incumbent on a man to be jealous for every woman like as he is jealous for his women under covert, or the females of his family whom he is under an obligation to respect and protect. (
S. [See also Freytag's Arab.
Prov. ii. 310.])
b2: Also A certain mark made with a hot iron upon the breast of a camel. (
S.) صَدَارَةٌ (assumed
tropical:) Precedence, or priority. (
TA.)
b2: See also صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.
صِدَارَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.
صَدِيرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.
صُدَيْرَةٌ
dim. of صُدْرَةٌ,
q. v. (
TA.)
صَادِرٌ Returning [from water, &c.]; going, or turning, back, or away: (
TA:) quasi-
pl. n.
↓ صَدَرٌ. (
M,
K.)
b2: [Hence the saying,] مَا لَهُ
صَادِرٌ وَلَا وَارِدٌ (
tropical:) He has not anything: (
M,
K:) or he has not a thing nor a people. (
Lh,
M.)
b3: And طَرِيقٌ
صَادِرٌ (
tropical:) A road, or way, by which people return from water: (
S,
M,
A,
K:) opposed to طَرِيقٌ وَارِدٌ. (
M, A.)
صَادِرَــةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.
أَصْدَرُ A man (
M) having a large breast, or chest; (
M,
K,
TA;) i. e. having the breast, or chest, or the upper part thereof, prominent; as also ↓ مُصَدَّرٌ. (
TA.)
A2: الأَصْدَرَانِ Two veins (
M,
K) that beat, or pulse, (
M,) beneath the temples: (
M,
K:) or the two sides of a man: or the two shoulder-joints: (
TA:) the word has no singular. (
M.) [Hence the saying,] جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ أَصْدَرَيْهِ; (
M,
Meyd,
K,
TA;) and some say أَسْدَرَيْهِ [
q. v.], (
Meyd,
TA,) and this is the original; (
Meyd;) and some, أَزْدَرَيْهِ; (
Meyd,
TA;) a
prov.; (
M,
Meyd,
TA;) meaning He came beating [with his hand] his two sides, (
TA,) or his two shoulderjoints: (
Meyd,
TA:) i. e. he came empty [-handed]; (
M,
Meyd,
K, *
TA;) not having accomplished the object of his desire: (
Meyd:) or he came exulting, or behaving insolently, (
Meyd, and
Har p. 603,) not knowing where were his أَصْدَرَانِ: so
accord. to
Yoo: and some say, جَآءَ بَضْرِبُ بِأَصْدَرَيْهِ. (
Har.) تَصْدِيرٌ [a
subst. like تَذْرِيعٌ and تَنْبِيتٌ] The [fore-girth, i. e. breast-girth, or] girth that is upon the breast of the camel: (
S, A: *) [the hind girth, or belly-girth,] that which is next the ثِيل, is called the حَقَب: (
S:) or the girth of the camel's saddle (الرَّحْل), and of the [camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (
M.) مَصْدَرٌ A place of returning or going back, (
S,
TA,) or of going, or turning, away [from water, and from a country or place, and (assumed
tropical:) from an affair or thing]. (
TA. [See 1, first sentence.])
b2: [Hence, مَصْدَرُ أَمْرٍ (
tropical:) The way of return from, or of completing, a thing or an affair: opposed to مَوْرِدُهُ.] One says, هُوَ يَعْرِفُ مَوَارِدَ الأُمُورِ وَمَـ
ـصَادِرَــهَا (
tropical:) [He knows the ways of betaking himself to things or affairs, and the ways of withdrawing himself from them; or of commencing them and of completing them]. (
A.) [See also another
ex. in art. رحب,
conj. 6.]
b3: And hence [also], the مَـ
ـصَادِر [
pl. of مَصْدَر] of verbs: (
S,
TA:) مَصْدَرٌ signifies (assumed
tropical:) The root of a word, from which proceed the derivatives of verbs: (
Lth,
TA:) [in this sense it is a conventional term of grammar and lexicology, not belonging to the classical language; but on account of the importance of understanding its true application in lexicology, it is necessary to give here a full explanation of it: it is, agreeably with its etymology, the source (
lit. place) of derivation,
accord. to the grammarians of ElBasrah; and is what I term an infinitive noun: it is defined as] a noun signifying, by its original application, an accident as subsisting in, or proceeding from, an
agent (as الفَرَحُ [“ the being joyful ”], الضَّرْبُ [“ the act of beating ”], and القُعُودُ [“ the act of sitting ”]), or affecting an object of action, (as الجُنُونُ [“ the being possessed by a jinnee ”]), conformable to its verb, so as to comprise all the letters in that verb, either literally (as in the instances above) or virtually (as in القِتَالُ [“ the act of fighting ”], which wants the ا that is before the ت in the verb, yet wants it as to the letter only, and not virtually, wherefore it is sometimes pronounced as if with the said letter, as in قَاتَلَ قِيتَالًا, but the ا is changed into ى on account of the kesr of the letter before it), or substituting another letter for any of those letters that it wants (as in العِدَةُ [“ the act of promising ”], which wants the و that is in its verb as to the letter and virtually, but has ة substituted for it [by way of compensation]): (from a comparison of definitions &c. in the
Expos. of the “ Kitab Hodood en-Nahw ” by the author of the work thus entitled, arts. مصدر and اسم مصدر; the
Expos. of the “ Shudhoor edh-Dhahab ” by the author of the work thus entitled, section on the nouns that govern as verbs; I' Ak; &c.:) but the grammarians of El-Koofeh hold that the verb is the root, and that the مصدر is derived from it: (I' Ak p. 148:) some مـ
ـصادر, moreover, are derived from real (as opposed to ideal) substantives, as التَّحَجُّرُ [“ the becoming stone ”] from الحَجَرُ [“ stone ”]. (
Kull p. 327.) The مصدر has the same government as its own verb: it is often, and may be at pleasure, used as an
ideal subst. or abstract noun: and it is often employed in the place of an
act. or a
pass. part. n.: (
Kull, &c.:) [when thus used as an
epithet, it is employed alike as
sing. and
pl. and
masc. and
fem.:]
accord. to
Zj, every مصدر used as an
epithet is for ذُو [or ذَات &c.] followed by the مصدر, and therefore it has no dual nor
pl. [nor
fem.] form. (
TA voce حَرَضٌ.) [It has also other uses, which are
expl. in the grammars. Used as a مَصْدَر, it is sometimes made
fem.; as it is also when used in the sense of a noun that is properly
fem.: see صَرْفٌ, third sentence.]
b4: اِسْمُ مَصْدَرٍ, called by some اِسْمٌ لِلْمَصْدَرِ, is a term applied to [(assumed
tropical:) A quasi-infinitive noun; i. e.] a noun which is not a مصدر, but which is occasionally used in the place of a مصدر; like as a مصدر is used in the place of an
act. part. n., and in that of a
pass. part. n.: such as الوُضُوْءُ for التَّوَضُّؤُ [“ the performing of the ablution preparatory to prayer ”], and الغُسْلُ for الاِغْتِسَالُ [“ the washing of oneself ”]; each of which wants somewhat that is in its verb without substituting anything for that which is wanting. (
Expos. of the “ Kitáb el-Hodood,” cited above.) This kind of noun the grammarians of El-Koofeh and Baghdád allow to govern as a مصدر; but the grammarians of ElBasrah hold that the noun governed in the
accus. case in each of the exs. adduced by the former as confirmatory of their opinion is so governed by a verb understood. (
Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”
ubi suprà.) It is also applied to A proper name signifying an accident [or
attribute]; as فَجَارِ and حَمَادِ, proper names, by original application, for الفَجْرَةُ and المَحْمَدَةُ [“ vice ” and “ praise ”] and the like: and this kind does not govern as a مصدر. (
Expos. of the “ Kitáb Hodood enNahw,”
ubi suprà; and
Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”
ubi suprà.) It is also applied to [what is more properly termed اِسْمٌ لِلْمَعْنَى الحَاصِلِ بِالمَصْدَرِ, by some termed simply حَاصِلٌ بِالمَصْدَرِ, i. e. An
ideal substantive, or abstract noun;] a noun applied to signify an accident [or
attribute] considered abstractedly [such as صَدَرٌ signifying
“ return; ” and this kind is commonly termed in the lexicons simply an اِسْم as distinguished from a مصدر]. (
Kull p. 327.) Some apply it also to what is [properly] termed مَصْدَرٌ مِيمِىٌّ [i. e. A مصدر commencing with an augmentative م], if not of the measure مُفَاعَلَةٌ: but such is really a مَصْدَر. (
Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”
ubi suprà.) And some of the grammarians [and of the lexicographers likewise] apply it to A noun that signifies the instrument [or means] with [or by] which the action signified by a مصدر is performed: as الأُكْلُ [“ food,” as being “ that by means of which the act of eating (الأَكْلُ) is performed ”]. (
Kull,
ubi suprà.)
b5: See also صَدْرٌ, last sentence but two.
مُصْدِرٌ [
act. part. n. of 4,
q. v. b2: ] (
tropical:) A man who completes things or affairs. (
A.)
A2: and One of the names of the month جُمَادَى الأُولَى: (
M,
K:) [
ISd says,] I think it to be of the
dial. of [the tribe of] 'Ad. (
M.) مَصْدَرَةُ القَوْمِ (
tropical:) Those who are made to have the precedence, or priority, of the people, or party. (
A,
TA.) مَصْدَرِىٌّ, as a grammatical term, Of, or relating to, the مَصْدَر. See the particles أَنْ and كَىْ &c.]
مُصَدَّرٌ A man (
M) strong in the chest; (
S,
M,
K;) and in like manner a lion, (
M,
A,) and a wolf: (
M:) and the lion; (
S,
K;) and the wolf; (
K;) because they are strong in the chest. (
TA.)
b2: See also أَصْدَرُ.
b3: A horse to whose breast the sweat has reached. (
M,
K.)
b4: A horse, and a sheep or goat, white in the upper part (لَبَّة) of the breast: (
M,
K:) or (with ة, A) a ewe having a black breast, (
M,
A,
K,) the rest of her being white. (
M.)
b5: (
tropical:) A horse that outreaches others (
IAar,
M,
A,
K) with his breast: (
TA:)
IAar does not mention the breast. (
M,
TA.) [
Accord. to rule, this should be مُصَدِّرٌ, as is shown by a verse cited above: see 5.]
b6: (
tropical:) An arrow thick in the part called the صَدْر. (
M,
A,
K.)
b7: And المُصَدَّرُ is a name applied to (assumed
tropical:) The first of the arrows termed غُفْل, (
M,
K,) which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion [and no fine, in the game called المَيْسِر]; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from a dislike of suspicion [of foul play]. (
Lh,
M. [See السَّفِيحُ and المَنِيحُ.]) مَصْدُورٌ A man (A &c.) having a complaint of the chest. (
S,
A,
Mgh,
Msb.) 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Otbeh, on its being said to him, How long wilt thou utter this poetry? replied, لَا بُدَّ لِلْمَصْدُورِ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْعُلَا To him who has a complaint of the chest, there is no avoiding coughing. (
TA. [See also نَفَثَ.])
b2: It is also often used as meaning (assumed
tropical:) Grieved, afflicted, or vexed. (
TA in art. نفث.)
