شق
1 شَقَّهُ, (
S,
M,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـُ (
M,
Msb,)
inf. n. شَقٌّ, (
S,
M,
Msb,) He cut it [or divided it] lengthwise; (
TA in art. قد;) [i. e.] he clave it, split it, rived or rifted it, or slit it; so as to separate it; [i. e. he clave, split, rived or rifted, slit, rent, ripped, tore, broke, or burst, it asunder;] or without separating it; [i. e. he cracked, chapped, incided or incised, gashed, slashed, furrowed, or trenched, it; or clave, split, &c., or cut, it open;]
syn. صَدَعَهُ; (
K;) or [more explicitly]
الشَّقُّ signifies الصَّدْعُ البَائِنُ [the cleaving &c. that separates]; or غَيْرُ البَائِنِ [that which does not separate]; or الصَّدْعُ [the cleaving, &c.,] in a general sense: (
M:) and in like manner, [but with an intensive signification, or implying frequency or repetition of the action, or its application to several objects, generally meaning he clave it, &c., much, or in pieces, or in several places,] ↓ شقّقهُ: (
M,
K:) you say, شقّق الحَطَبَ (
S,
K) وَغَيْرَهُ (
S) i. e. شَقَّهُ [but properly meaning He clave in pieces the firewood &c.]. (
K. [In the
CK, شَقَّ الحَطَبَ is erroneously put for شقّق الحطب.])
b2: [شَقَّ رَأْسَهُ generally means He clave his head, or his pericranium: and sometimes, as in an instance in the
K voce شَقَأَ, he divided the hair of his head.]
b3: شَقَّ العَصَا [
lit. He split the staff] means (
tropical:) he separated himself from the community; (
S,
K,
TA;) and particularly, that of the Muslims: because the staff is not thus called but when it is whole, not when it is split:
accord. to
Lth, يَشُقُّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ and ↓ يُشَاقُّهُمْ signify alike: but they differ in meaning, as will be shown hereafter. (
TA.) شَقَّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ,
K,
TA,) said of a خَارِجِىّ [i. e. heretic or schismatic], also means (assumed
tropical:) He effected disunion and dissension in the body of the Muslims. (
TA.) And one says also, شَقَّ عَصَا الطَّاعَةِ (assumed
tropical:) [He broke the compact of allegiance, or obedience; became a rebel]. (
M.)
b4: لَا وَالَّذِى شَقَّ الرِّجَالَ لِلْخَيْلِ وَالجِبَالَ لِلسَّيْلِ [
app. meaning (assumed
tropical:) No, by Him who clave men for the riding upon horses, and the mountains for the flowing of the torrent,] is a saying mentioned by
IAar, but not
expl. by him. (
M. [It is there added, وَعِنْدِى أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ الرِّجَالَ وَالجِبَالَ جُمْلَةً
وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ خَرَقَهُمَا فَجَعَلَ الرِّجَالَ لِهٰذِهِ وَالجِبَالَ لِهٰذَا: an expression of opinion which is, to me, by no means clear, though reconcilable with my rendering.])
b5: المَالُ بَيْنَنَا شَقَّ الأَبْلَمَةِ and الأُبْلُمَةِ [The property is divided between us as in the dividing of the ابلمة; or the cattle are divided &c.;] meanswe are equal in respect of the property, or cattle: for the ابلمة means the [kind of leaf called]
خُوصَة, which, when it is split lengthwise, splits in halves: (
M:) or,
accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, the ابلمة is a herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) to which there come forth pods, like [those of] the bean; and when you split them lengthwise, they split in halves, equally, from the first part to the last thereof: شَقَّ is in the
accus. case as an
inf. n., مَشْقُوقٌ being understood. (
Har p. 639.) [See also شِقٌّ.]
b6: شَقَّ, (
S,
M,
K,)
aor. ـُ
inf. n. شُقُوقٌ, (
M,) said of the canine tooth of a camel, (
tropical:) It [clave the gum and] came forth: (
S,
M,
K,
TA:) [said to be] a
dial. var. of شَقَأَ: (
S:) and said of the canine tooth of a child, (
M,
TA,) in like manner, (
TA,) meaning it made its first appearance: (
M:) and said also of a plant, [as meaning it came forth] on the ground's first cleaving open from it. (
M,
TA.)
b7: Also,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. شَقٌّ, said of the dawn, (
tropical:) It rose; as though it clave the place of its rising and came forth therefrom. (
TA.)
b8: Also,
aor. ـُ (
TA,)
inf. n. شَقٌّ, said of lightning, (
tropical:) It [clave the clouds, and] extended high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (
K,
TA:) so says
A'Obeyd: (
TA: [see شَقِيقٌ:]) and ↓ انشقّ and ↓ تشقّق, said of lightning, signify اِنْعَقَّ [probably meaning the same; (see عَقِيقَةٌ;) or, as
expl. in the
S and also in the
O, in art. عق, it was, or became, in a state of commotion, (تَضَرَّبَ,) in the clouds]: (
M,
TA:) or ↓ تشقّق said of lightning means it spread wide and long. (
JK.)
b9: شَقَّ السَّبِيلَ (
K in art. عبر) (assumed
tropical:) He passed along the way; as though he cut it, or furrowed it. (
TK in that art.) and شَقَّ النَّهْرَ (assumed
tropical:) He crossed the river by swimming. (
TA in art. قطع.)
b10: شَقَّ المَآءَ (assumed
tropical:) He opened a way, passage, vent, or channel, for the water to flow forth;
syn. بَجَسَهُ. (A and
K in art. بجس.)
b11: شَقَّ أَمْرَهُ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. شَقٌّ, (assumed
tropical:) He, or it, discomposed, deranged, or disordered, so that it became incongruous, or inconsistent, his affair, or state of affairs. (
M,
TA.) [A phrase similar to شَقَّ العَصَا, mentioned above. And so,
app., what next follows.]
b12: شَقَّ الكَلَامَ,
i. q. قَدَّهُ [also
expl. as
syn. with قَطَعَهُ, which generally means (assumed
tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking; but sometimes, and perhaps in this case, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare a signification of 2.]. (
M and
L in art. قد.)
b13: See also 8.
b14: شَقَّ بَصَرُ المَيِّتِ
i. q. شَخَصَ [i. e. (assumed
tropical:) The eye, or eyes, of the dying man became fixedly open; or his eyelids became raised upwards, and he looked intently, and became disquieted, or disturbed]: (
M,
TA:) and (
TA) the dying man looked at a thing, his sight not recoiling to him: (
S,
K,
TA:) said of him to whom death is present: (
S,
TA:) or [simply] the eyes of the dying man became open: (
TA:) one should not say شَقَّ المَيِّتُ بَصَرَهُ: (
S,
M,
K:) and شُقَّ, with damm to the ش, is not approved. (
IAth,
TA.)
b15: شَقَّ عَلَيْهِ, (
M,
K, in the
S عَلَىَّ, and in the
Msb عَلَيْنَا,)
aor. ـُ (
S,
M,
Msb,)
inf. n. شَقٌّ (
S,
M,
K) and مَشَقَّةٌ, (
S,
K,) [or the latter is a simple
subst., as seems to be indicated in the
M and
Msb,] (assumed
tropical:) It (a thing,
S, or an affair, or event,
M,
Msb,
K) affected him severely; had a severe effect upon him; distressed, afflicted, troubled, molested, inconvenienced, fatigued, or wearied, him: (
M:) it was difficult, hard, distressing, grievous, or severe, to him; (
K,
TA;) and onerous, burdensome, oppressive, or troublesome, to him. (
TA.) and شَقَّ عَلَيْهِ, [
inf. n.,
app., شَقٌّ only,] (assumed
tropical:) He caused him to fall into a difficult, hard, distressing, grievous, or severe, case: (
K,
TA:) imposed upon him that which was onerous, burdensome, oppressive, or troublesome. (
TA.) And شَقَّتِ السَّفْرَةُ (assumed
tropical:) The journey was [difficult, hard, or] far-extending. (
Msb.)
A2: شُقَّ, said of the solid hoof, and of the pastern of a horse or the like, It was, or became, affected with the disease termed شُقَاق, occasioning cracks. (
M,
TA.) 2 شَقَّّ see 1, first sentence.
b2: شقّق الكَلَامَ, (
S,
K,
TA,)
inf. n. تَشْقِيقٌ, (
TA,) (
tropical:) He uttered, or pronounced, speech, or the speech, in the best manner: (
S,
K,
TA:) and he sought with repeated efforts, in speaking, to utter, or pronounce, the speech in the best manner. (
TA.) 3 شاقّهُ, (
M,
Mgh,
Msb,)
inf. n. مُشَاقَّةٌ (
S,
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and شِقَاقٌ, (
S,
M,
Msb,
K,) the latter
inf. n. occurring in the
Kur ii. 131 and iv. 39 [&c.], (
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He acted with him contrariously, or adversely, (
S, *
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) and inimically; (
K;) properly, each of them doing to the other that which was distressing, grievous, or troublesome, so that each of them was in a شِقّ [or side] other than that of his fellow; (
Msb;) or as though he became in a شِقّ, i. e. side, in respect of him: (
Mgh:)
accord. to
Er-Rághib, the
inf. n. signifies the being in a شِقّ [or side] other than that of one's fellow: or it is from شَقُّ العَصَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ صَاحِبِكَ [meaning “ the effecting disunion and dissension between thee and thy fellow ”], so that it is
tropical: (
TA:) or the primary meaning of الشِّقَاقُ is the being [mutually] remote. (
Ham p. 326.) See also 1, in the first quarter of the paragraph.
4 اشقّ النَّخْلُ The palm-trees put forth their شَوَاقّ,
pl. of شَاقَّةٌ [
q. v.]: mentioned by
Th, on the authority of some one or more of the BenooSuwáäh. (
M.) 5 تشقّق quasi-
pass. of 2: (
S,
M,
K:) said of firewood (
S,
K) &c. (
S) [as meaning It became cloven in pieces]. See 7, in two places.
b2: Said of lightning: see 1, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph.
b3: Said of a horse, (
tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or light of flesh; slender and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (
A'Obeyd,
TA.) 6 تَشَاقَّا, said of two adversaries, or litigants, as also ↓ اِشْتَقَّا, They wrangled, quarrelled, or contended, each with the other, (
M,
TA,) and took to the right and left in contention; (
TA;) فِى
الشَّىْءِ [in respect of the thing]. (
M.) 7 انشقّ quasi-
pass. of شَقَّهُ as
expl. in the first sentence of this art.: [i. e. it signifies It became divided lengthwise, cloven, split, riven or rifted, slit, rent, ripped, torn, broken, or burst, asunder; or it became cracked, chapped, incided or incised, gashed, slashed, furrowed, or trenched; or cloven, or split, &c., or cut, open: or it clave, split, &c.:] (
S,
M:) and in like manner, ↓ تشقّق is quasi-
pass. of شَقَّقَهُ: [i. e. it signifies it became cloven or split &c., or it clave or split &c., much, or in pieces, or in several or many places:] (
M:) or the former signifies [sometimes] it opened so as to have in it an interstice. (
Msb.) وَانْشَقَّ القَمَرُ, in the
Kur liv. I, means And the moon hath been cloven (
Bd,
Jel) in twain, (
Jel,) as a sign to the Prophet: (
Bd,
Jel:) or shall be cloven on the day of resurrection: but the former is confirmed by another reading, وَقَدِ أْنْشَقَّ القَمَرُ: (
Bd:) or,
accord. to
Er-Rághib, the meaning is, (assumed
tropical:) the case hath become manifest. (
TA.) One says, انشقّ الشَّىْءُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [The thing became cloven, &c., in halves]. (
S.) [And انشقّ مِنْهُ It became cloven, &c., from it: and it branched off from it; as a river from another river, and the like. and انشقّ عَنْهُ It clave asunder from over it, so as to disclose it: see also 8.]
b2: [Hence,] انشقّ فلَانٌ مِنَ الغَضَبِ (assumed
tropical:) Such a one was as though his interior were filled with anger so that he split. (
TA.)
b3: And اِنْشَقَّتِ العَصَا (assumed
tropical:) The affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disordered: (
S,
K,
TA:) and انشقّت العَصَا بِالبَيْنِ, and ↓ تشقّقت, (
Lth,
M,
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) the affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, by separation: (
Lth,
TA:) and انشقّ الأَمْرُ (assumed
tropical:) the affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, being incongruous, or inconsistent. (
M,
TA.) and انشقّت عَصَا الطَّاعَةِ (assumed
tropical:) [The compact of allegiance, or obedience, became broken]. (
M.)
b4: انشقّ said of lightning: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.
8 اِشْتِقَاقٌ signifies The taking the شِقّ of a thing, (
S,
K,) i. e. the half thereof. (
S.) One says, اشتقّ الشَّىْءَ He took the شِقّ [or half] of the thing. (
TK.)
b2: And (assumed
tropical:) The taking [or deriving] a word from a word, (
S,
K,) with the condition of reciprocal relation in meaning and [radical] composition, and of reciprocal difference in form: [and it is of three kinds:] الاِشْتِقَاقُ الصَّغِيرُ is that derivation in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the letters and in the order [thereof]; as in ضَرَبَ from الضَّرْبُ: الاشتقاق الكَبِيرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words as to the letter and the meaning, exclusively of the order; as in جَبَذَ from الجَذْبُ: الاشتقاق الأَكْبَرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the place [or places] of utterance; as in نَعَقَ from النَّهْقُ. (
KT.) [You say, اشتقّ حَرْفًا or كَلِمَةً or لَفْظًا, and اسْمًا, He derived a word, and a name, مِنْ آخَرَ from another; and ↓ شَقَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by a citation
voce رَحِمٌ.]
b3: [And, as
syn. with اِخْتِرَاعٌ, (see 8 in art. خرع,)] The constructing, or founding, (بُنْيَان,) of a thing of, or from, what is originated without premeditation. (
M.)
b4: and (
tropical:) The taking to the right and left, (
S,
K,
TA,) not pursuing the right, or direct, course, (
S,
TA,) in speech, and in contention, or disputation, or litigation: (
S,
K,
TA:) or اِشْتِقَاقُ الكَلَامِ signifies the taking to the right and left in speech: (so in a copy of the
M: [but I think that the right reading is الاِشْتِقَاقُ فِى الكَلَامِ, agreeably with what here follows:]) you say, اشتقّ فِى الكَلَامِ, and فِى الـ
ـخُصُومَةِ. (
TK.) See also 6. And [in like manner] one says of a horse, اشتقّ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed
tropical:) He went to the right and left in his running. (
M. [See also أَشَقُّ.])
b5: اشتقّ الطَّرِيقُ فِى الفَلَاةِ (
tropical:) The road went [or branched off] into the desert. (
TA. [See also 7.]) 10 استشقّ بِالجُوَالِقِ He turned the sack upon one of his two sides (عَلَى أَحَدِ شِقَّيْهِ), in order to pass through a door. (
TA.)
b2: [استشقّ, as stated by Freytag, is
expl. by Jac. Schultens, but on what authority is not said, as signifying “ Prodiit, manifestus evasit. ”]
R.
Q. 1 شَقْشَقَ, (
JK,
S,
K,)
inf. n. شَقْشَقَةٌ, (
S,) said of a stallion [camel], He brayed [in his شِقْشِقَة, or faucial bag]. (
JK,
S,
K.) [It is said that] the primary meaning of شَقْشَقَةٌ is Loudness of voice; or the being loud in voice. (
JK.)
b2: And said of a sparrow, It uttered a cry: (
K,
TA:) or one says of a sparrow, يُشَقْشِقُ فِى صَوْتِهِ [
app. meaning It makes a loud twittering in its cry]. (
S.) شَقٌّ
sing. of شُقُوقٌ; (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;) originally an
inf. n.; (
S,
Msb;) An opening forming an interstice in a thing: (
Msb:) or a fissure, cleft, chink, split, slit, rent, crack, or the like,
syn. صَدْعٌ, in wood or a stick, or in a wall, or in a glass vessel [&c.]: (
T,
TA:) [or] a place that is مَشْقُوق [i. e. cloven or cleft, split, &c.: (see 1, first sentence: and see also مَشَقٌّ:) and often signifying an incision, a gash, or a furrow, or trench]: (
M,
K:) as though an
inf. n. used as a
subst. in this sense:
pl. as above, شُقُوقٌ: (
M:) it differs from شُقَاقٌ, (
S,
Mgh,) by having a general signification: (
Mgh:)
accord. to Yaakoob, one says, بِيَدِ فُلَانٍ شُقُوقٌ (
S,
Mgh) and بِرِجْلِهِ (
S) [i. e. In the hand, or arm, of such a one are cracks, or the like, and in his foot, or leg]: but [it is asserted that in this case] one should not say شُقَاقٌ: (
S,
Mgh: [see, however, this word:]) and hence, شَقُّ القَبْرِ The trench, or oblong excavation, in the middle of the grave: and
accord. to
As, شُقُوقٌ signifies صُدُوع [i. e. fissures, &c.,] in mountains, and in the earth, or ground. (
Mgh.)
b2: The rima vulvæ of a woman; i. e. the gap [or chink] between the two edges, or borders, of the labia majora of her vulva: as also ↓ مَشَقٌّ. (
M,
K.)
b3: And (
tropical:) The daybreak. (
S,
K,
TA.)
A2: See also the next paragraph, first and fifth sentences.
A3: And see the last two sentences of the same paragraph.
شِقٌّ The half (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) of a thing (
S,
Msb,
K) of any kind; as also ↓ شَقٌّ: (
K:) or the half of a thing when it is cloven, or split, or divided lengthwise; (
M;) as also ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (
AHn,
S, *
M,
K.) One says, أَخَذْتُ شِقَّ الشَّاةِ and ↓ شِقَّةَ الشَّاةِ I took the half of the sheep or goat: (
S,
TA:) the vulgar pronounce the ش with fet-h. (
TA.) And خُذْ هٰذَا الشِّقَّ Take thou this ↓ شِقَّة [i. e. half] of the sheep or goat. (
TA.) Hence the
trad., تَصَدَّقُوا وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ i. e. [Give ye alms though it be but] the half of a date; meaning deem not anything little that is given as alms. (
TA.) And المَالُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ شِقَّ الشَّعَرَةِ and الشَّعَرَةِ ↓ شَقَّ, (
O,
K, * [in the
CK and in my
MS. copy of the
K شقُّ, but the former reading appears to be the right, شَقَّ being an
inf. n. as in a similar saying in the former half of the first paragraph of this art., and شِقَّ being a
subst. used as an
inf. n. or for كَشِقِّ,]) meaning [The property is between us] two halves, equal [in division]. (
K.)
b2: [Hence,] A certain kind of the jinn, or genii; (Ibn-'Abbád,
O,
K;) a species of diabolical beings having the form of the half of a human being. (
Kzw in his Descr. of the Jinn.)
b3: The lateral half, or half and side; as when one says that a person paralyzed has a شِقّ inclining; and as when one speaks of the شِقّ of a مَحْمِل [meaning either of the two dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, which are borne, one on either side, by a camel, and which, with a small tent over them, compose a مَحْمِل: see this last word, and مَحَارَةٌ]. (
Mgh.)
b4: The side of the body; as when one says of a person that his left شِقّ was grazed, or abraded. (
Mgh.) [Hence,] one says of a horse, يَمِيلُ عَلَى أَحَدِ شِقَّيْهِ [He inclines, or leans, upon one of his two sides]. (
O.) [And مَشَى عَلَى شِقٍّ and فِى شِقٍّ He went, or walked, inclining upon one side.]
b5: The side, or lateral part, (
Lth,
Msb,
K,
TA,) of a thing; the two sides of a thing being called شِقَّاهُ: (
Lth,
TA:) or, as some say, (
TA,) the side of a mountain. (
S,
TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ مِنْ شِقِّ العَشِيرَةِ لَا مِنْ صَمِيمِهَا (assumed
tropical:) [Such a one is of the collateral class of the kinsfolk, or tribe, not of the main stock thereof]. (
Mgh in art. عرض.)
b6: I. q. ↓ شَقِيقٌ; (
S,
Msb,
K;) [which primarily signifies The cloven-off half of a thing; i. e.,] when a thing is cloven in halves, each of the halves is called the شَقِيق of the other. (
S,
K.)
b7: [And hence, (assumed
tropical:) The counterpart of a person or thing: and this appears to be meant by
J, and
accord. to
SM in the
K, where it is said that شِقٌّ is
syn. with ↓ شَقِيقٌ; for they add immediately after:] one says هُوَ أَخِى وَشِقُّ نَفْسِى (
tropical:) [He is my brother, and the counterpart of myself]; (
S,
TA;) as though he were cloven from me, because of the resemblance of each of us to the other. (
TA.) One says also, هذَا
↓ شَقِيقُهُ, meaning (assumed
tropical:) This is the like of him, or it. (
TA.) And [hence] it is said in a
trad., النِّسَآءُ شَقَائِقُ الرِّجَالِ, [in which شَقَائِقُ is the
pl. of ↓ شَقِيقٌ as
fem., or of شَقِيقَةٌ in the same sense,] meaning (assumed
tropical:) Women are the likes of men in natural dispositions; as though they were cloven from them; or because Eve was created from Adam. (
TA.)
b8: And (
tropical:) A man's brother; (
M;) and so ↓ شَقِيقٌ; (
S,
M,
O,
K,
TA;) meaning a brother by the father and mother; (
TA;) from شَقِيقٌ as meaning “ either half of a thing that is cloven in halves; ” (
S,
TA;) or as though the relationship of one were cloven from that of the other: (
IDrd,
O,
K:)
pl. of the latter أَشِقَّآءُ. (
M,
Msb.)
b9: And a name for A thing at which one looks: (
Lth,
O,
K:) [but this is
app. taken from the following saying of
Lth, in which I think الشِّقُّ is a mistranscription for الشَّقُّ, meaning “ the crack,” &c.:] الشَّقُّ is the
inf. n. of شَقَقْتُ, and الشِّقُّ is a name for that at which one looks [i. e. for the visible effect of the act signified by the verb], and the
pl. is الشُّقُوقُ [which is well known as the
pl. of الشَّقُّ]. (
JK.)
A2: Also
i. q. ↓ مَشَقَّةٌ (
S,
M,
O,
Msb,
K) i. e. Difficulty, hardship, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, fatigue, or weariness; (
M,
TA;) and languor, or lack of power, that overtakes the mind and the body; (
Er-Rághib,
TA;) and so ↓ شَقٌّ; (
IJ,
S,
M,
O,
K;) thus it is sometimes pronounced with fet-h; mentioned by
A'Obeyd; (
S;) and by
Az; (
M;) or this is an
inf. n., and شِقٌّ is the
subst.; (
O,
K;) and ↓ شُقَّةٌ and ↓ شِقَّةٌ also signify the same as مَشَقَّةٌ, (
K,) or such as overtakes a man in consequence of travel; (
TA;) and the pls. of these two are شُقَقٌ, (
K,
TA,) mentioned by
Fr, (
TA,) and شِقَقٌ, (
K,
TA,) mentioned on the authority of some one or more of [the tribe of] Keys: (
TA:) the
pl. of ↓ مَشَقَّةٌ is مَشَاقُّ and مَشَقَّاتٌ. (
TA.) Hence, in the
Kur [xvi. 7], لَمْ تَكُونُوا بَالِغِيهِ إِلَّا بِشِقِ الْأَنْفُسِ [Which ye would not reach save with difficulty, or distress, &c., of the souls]; where some read ↓ بِشَقِّ. (
S, *
TA.) شُقَّةٌ primarily signifies The half of a garment [consisting of two oblong pieces sewed together, side by side]: then it was applied to [such] a garment as it is [when complete: in both of these senses it is used in the present day]: (
Er-Rághib,
TA:) or a piece (قِطْعَةٌ) of a garment: (
Mgh:) or the شُقَّة of ثِيَاب [thus, and thus only, in the
S, meaning of garments and of cloths, for it is of both,] is an oblong piece;
syn. سَبِيبَةٌ مُسْتَطِيلَةٌ: (
M,
K:) [it is often applied to an oblong piece of cloth of those pieces of which a tent is composed:]
pl. شُقَقٌ and شِقَاقٌ. (
M,
Mgh,
TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ يَبِيعُ شِقَاقَ الكَتَّانِ [Such a one sells pieces, or oblong pieces, &c., of linen]. (
Mgh.)
b2: Also A piece of a مَزَادَة [
q. v.]. (
B,
TA in art. بصر.)
b3: And A piece, or portion, [or tract,] of Hell; likewise pronounced ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (
Ham p. 816.)
b4: And A far journey; as also ↓ شِقَّةٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) sometimes thus pronounced with kesr: (
S:) a far, long journey: a far-extending space: (
TA:) or a road difficult to him who travels it: (
Mgh:) or [simply] a journey: and
i. q. ثنيا [so in my copy of the
Msb,
app. a mistranscription for ثَنِيَّة, i. e. a mountain-road, &c.]:
pl. شُقَقٌ. (
Msb.)
b5: and A part, region, quarter, or tract, (Ibn-'Arafeh,
Er-Rághib,
K,
TA,) towards which one draws near, (Ibn-'Arafeh,
TA,) or towards which the traveller directs himself, (
K,
TA,) [like شُكَّةٌ,] or in the reaching of which one is overtaken by difficulty, or distress; (
Er-Rághib,
TA;) and ↓ شِقَّةٌ signifies the same. (
K.)
b6: And Distance; and so ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (
K.)
b7: See also شِقٌّ, last sentence but one.
شِقَّةٌ A splinter (
S,
K) that splits off, (
S,) or a piece (
M,
Mgh,
TA) split off, (
M,
TA,) of a plank, (
S,
M,
K,
TA,) or of wood, (
TA,) or of a piece of wood, (
S,
Mgh,) or other thing: (
M,
TA:) a piece split, or divided, lengthwise, of a staff, or stick, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, &c.: (
IDrd,
O,
K:) and a piece split (
K,
TA) from anything; such as the half: (
TA:)
pl. شِقَقٌ. (
O,
TA.) One says of him who is angry, اِحْتَدَّ فَطَارَتْ مِنْهُ شِقَّةٌ فِى الأَرْضِ وَشِقَّةٌ فِى السَّمَآءِ (assumed
tropical:) [He became excited by sharpness of temper, or angriness, and he was as though a bit flew from him upon the ground, and a bit into the sky]. (
S, *
M,
TA: in the
S, فى الارض &c. is omitted.) See also شِقٌّ, first three sentences.
b2: See also شُقَّةٌ, in four places.
b3: And see شِقٌّ, again, last sentence but one.
شَقَقٌ The quality, in a horse, (
M,
K,) and in a man, (
M,) denoted by the
epithet أَشَقُّ [
q. v.]. (
M,
K.) شَقَقَةٌ [a
pl. of which the
sing. is not mentioned] Enemies. (
TA.) شُقَاقٌ A cracking in several places, (تَشَقُّقٌ,
S,
K,) or cracks, (
Mgh,) or a certain disease occasioning cracks, (
M,) in the pasterns of horses or the like, (
S,
M,
Mgh,
K,) and in their hoofs, (
M,
Mgh,) and sometimes rising to their shanks: so says Yaakoob: (
S:) and,
accord. to
Lth, (
Mgh,) and
Az, (
TA,) a cracking in several places (تَشَقُّقٌ) of the skin, from cold or some other cause, in the hands or arms, and the face: (
Mgh,
TA:) or it signifies also any crack, or slit, in the skin, from disease: (
M,
TA:)
As says that it is in the hand or arm, and the foot or leg, of a human being, and in the fore leg and kind leg of an animal: (
Mgh,
TA:) but this is inconsistent with what is said by Yaakoob [as stated
voce شَقٌّ, first sentence]. (
Mgh.) See also أَسْعَدُ: and شَرَجٌ.
شَقِيقٌ: see شِقٌّ, in five places.
b2: شَقِيقُ البَرْقِ [so in a copy of the
M, but the right reading may be شَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ, which occurs in the next sentence of the
M,]
i. q. عَقِيقَتُهُ [
expl. in the
S, in art. خفو, as meaning Lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: but see شَقِيقَةٌ]. (
M.)
A2: Also A calf that has become firm, or strong: (
O,
K:) and applied likewise to (assumed
tropical:) a man [that has become so; by way of comparison]: (
O:) or a bull such as is termed جَذَعٌ [i. e. in his second, or third, year]. (
JK.) شَقُوقَةٌ A certain bird; also called ↓ شَقِيقَةٌ: (
M,
K:) and ↓ شُقَيِّقَةٌ is the
dim. thereof: (
K:)
AHát says, the ↓ شَقُوقَة is a very little thing, grayish (زُرَيْقَآءُ), of the colour of ashes; ten and fifteen of what are thus called congregate; and I think it to be the ↓ شُقَيِّقَة, which is a دُخَّلَة of the دُخَّل [
q. v.]; it is somewhat dusky; and its form is the form of these, but it is smaller than they: it is called ↓ شُقَيِّقَة becanse of its smallness:
IDrd, in the class of فُعَيْعِل, mentions ↓ الشُّقَيِّقُ as signifying a certain species of birds [
app. as a
coll. gen. n., of which the
n. un. is with ة]. (
O,
TA.) شَقِيقَةٌ [
accord. to Golius, A fissure; as from the
KL; but not so
expl. in my copy of that work.
b2: ] An intervening space or tract between two elongated, or extended, tracts of sand, (
S,
M, *
O,
K, * [in the last of which الجَبَلَيْنِ is erroneously put for الجَبْلَيْنِ,]) thus
expl. to
AHn by an Arab of the desert, (
TA,) producing herbage: (
S,
M,
O,
K:) or a rugged tract between two elongated, or extended, tracts of sand, producing good herbage; (
M,
TA;) so in the
T, as
expl. to its author by an Arab of the desert: (
TA:)
pl. شَقَائِقُ, (
T,
S,
O,
K,
TA,)
expl. by some as meaning sands themselves: (
TA:) or a great piece of sand: or a piece of sand between two pieces thereof. (
Ham p. 282.)
b3: [In the
A and
TA voce قِطُّ, it is used as meaning A slice cut off of a melon &c.]
A2: A rain, (
M,) or a violent rain, consisting of large drops, (
K,
TA,) wide in extent: so called because the clouds cleave asunder from it: (
M,
K,
TA:)
pl. as above. (
TA.)
b2: The
pl., شَقَائِقُ, is
expl. by
Az as signifying Clouds that have cloven asunder with copious rains. (
O,
TA.)
b3: شَقِيقَةُ بَرْقٍِ, (
O,
K,) and عَقِيقَتُهُ, both as
expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, (
O,) A flash of lightning that has spread (
O,
K) in the horizon, (
O,) or from the horizon: (
K: [but see شَقِيقُ البَرْقِ:]) or شَقِيقَةٌ signifies a flash of lightning that has spread in the breadth of the clouds, and filled the sky:
pl. as above. (
Ham p. 557.)
A3: A headache, (
JK,
T,
TA,) or a pain, (
S,
O,
K,) or a certain disease, (
M,) in the half of the head, (
JK,
T,
S,
M,
O,
K,) [i. e. hemicrania,] and of the face: (
JK,
T,
S,
O,
K:) or,
accord. to
IAth, a sort of headache in the fore part of the head and towards the sides thereof. (
TA.)
A4: شَقَائِقُ النُّعْمَانِ, used alike as
sing. and
pl., (
S,
O,
K,) having no proper
sing., (
Msb,) or its
sing. is شَقِيقَةٌ; (
M,
O,
Msb;) [The red, or blood-coloured, anemone;] a certain plant; (
M;) a certain red flower; (
Lth, O;) well known; (
S,
K;) the شَقِر; (
Msb;) or, as
AHn says, on the authority of
AA and Aboo-Nasr and others, it is the شَقِرَة [
n. un. of شَقِرٌ]; and the
sing. of شقائق is شَقِيقَةٌ: (
O,
TA:) it is called شقائق النعمان because of its redness, as being likened to the شَقِيقَة of lightning: (
M,
K:) or from النُّعْمَان as meaning “ blood,” as resembling blood in colour; (
Msb,
TA;) so that it signifies “ pieces of blood: ” (
TA:) or in relation to En-Noamán Ibn-El-Mundhir, because he prohibited to the public a piece of land in which it abounded: (
S,
K,
TA:) or because he alighted upon شَقَائِق of sand that had produced red شَقِر, and he deemed them beautiful, and commanded that they should be prohibited to the public; so the شَقِر were called the شقائق of En-Noamán, by the name of the place of their growth. (
TA.)
A5: See also شَقُوقَةٌ.
شُقَيِّقٌ, and with ة: see شَقُوقَةٌ, in four places.
شَقَّاقٌ, meaning One who glories, or boasts, vainly, and praises himself for that which is not in him, is not of the [classical] language of the Arabs. (
L,
TA.) شَقِّىٌّ A horse with which his rider ex-periences difficulty in striving to master him. (
JK.) شِقِّيَّةٌ A certain mode of جِمَاع, (
K,
TA,) in which the woman lies upon her شِقّ [or side]. (
TA.) شِقْشِقَةٌ [The bursa faucium, or faucial bag, which is placed behind the palate of the he-camel, and which, when excited, he inflates, and blows out from the side of his mouth;] a thing resembling the lungs, or lights, which the he-camel protrudes from his mouth when he is excited by lust; (
S,
O,
K;) a skin in the fauces of the Arabian camel, which he inflates with wind, and in which he brays; whereupon it appears from the side of his mouth; so says En-Nadr; and he adds that it does not pertain to any but the Arabian camel, [as is said in the
M, and] as
Hr says; but this requires consideration; (
TA;) [also
expl. as] the لَهَاة [
q. v.] of the he-camel, (
M, and
Har p. 16,) which he protrudes from his mouth when he brays: (
Har ubi suprá:)
pl. شَقَاشِقُ. (
TA.)
b2: To this is likened the tongue of the chaste, or eloquent, and able speaker; himself being likened to the braying stallion-camel: (
O:) and hence they say of an orator, or a preacher, that he is ذُو شِقْشِقَةٍ: (
S:) one says likewise of an orator, or a preacher, that is loud in voice and skilful in speech, هُوَ أَهْرَتُ الشِقْشِقَةِ [
lit. He is wide, or ample, in respect of the شقشقة]: (
TA:) and one says, هَدَرَتْ شِقْشِقَتُهُ (assumed
tropical:) [meaning His utterance was sonorous and fluent]. (A and
TA in art. هدر.) Orators, or preachers, are also termed شَقَاشِق [for ذَوُو شَقَاشِقَ]: and one says, فُلَانٌ شِقْشِقَةُ قَوْمِهِ, meaning (assumed
tropical:) Such a one is the noble, and the chaste in speech, or eloquent, of his people. (
M.) And in a
trad. of 'Omar, (
M,
O,
TA,)
accord. to
A'Obeyd and others, or of 'Alee
accord. to
Hr, (
TA,) شَقَاشِق are assigned to the Devil, in his saying, إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الخُطَبِ مِنْ شَقَاشِقِ الشَّيْطَانِ [
lit. Verily many of the orations, or harangues, are from the شقاشق of the Devil]; because of the lying introduced into them. (
M,
O, *
TA. *) الخُطْبَةُ الشِّقْشِقِيَّةُ an appellation applied to a certain خُطْبَة [i. e. oration, or harangue, or sermon,] of 'Alee, because of his saying to Ibn-'Abbás, (
O,
K,) on his having cut short his speech, (
O,) in reply to a remark of the latter person upon his not having continued his speech uninterruptedly, تِلْكَ شِقْشِقَةٌ هَدَرَتْ ثُمَّ قَرَّتْ [That was a شقشقة that uttered a braying, then became still]. (
O,
K.) شَاقٌّ Difficult, hard, distressing, grievous, afflicting, troubling, molesting, fatiguing, or wearying. (
KL.) One says أَمْرٌ شَاقٌّ [An affair, or event, that is difficult, &c.]; from شَقَّ عَلَيْنَا الأَمْرُ. (
Msb.) And شُقَّةٌ شَاقَّةٌ (
S,
Msb) A long journey [that is difficult, &c.]. (
Msb.) شافَّةٌ The spadix of a palm-tree, that has become a span in length; so called because it cleaves the envelope:
pl. شَوَاقُّ. (
M.) أَشَقُّ, (
S,
M,
O,
K,)
fem. شَقَّآءُ, and
pl. شُقٌّ, (
K,) applied to a horse, Wide between the hind legs: (
IAar,
Th,
T,
O, *
K, *
TA:) and the
fem. signifies wide in the أَرْفَاغ [or groins, or similar parts]; (
TA;) and is applied to a mare: (
IDrd,
O,
TA:) and wide in the vulva; (
IAar,
O,
K;) applied in this sense to a woman. (
IAar,
O,
TA.) and أَشَقُّ المَنْخِرَيْنِ, applied to a horse, Wide in the nostrils. (
Lth,
O,
TA.)
b2: Also, (
O,
K,) Tall, or long; (
T,
S,
M,
O,
K;) applied to a horse; (
T,
S,
M,
K;) thus
expl. by
As; (
T,
TA;) and so too applied to a man: (
M,
TA:) and the
fem., as above, applied to a mare. (
S.)
b3: And, applied to a horse, That goes to the right and left in his running, (
JK, *
O,
K,
TA, [in the
CK, يَسْبِقُ is erroneously put for يَشْتَقُّ, and in like manner in my
MS. copy of the
K, with the additional mistranscription of من عَدْوِهِ for فِى عَدْوِهِ,]) as though (
O,
TA) leaning upon one of his sides: (
JK,
O,
TA:) so says
Lth; and he cites as an
ex., وَتَبَازَيْتُ كَمَا يَمْشِى الأَشَقُّ [as though meaning And I moved my posteriors in walking, like as goes the horse that inclines to the right and left in his running: but this may be rendered and I stepped wide, like as does the tall, or long-bodied, horse]. (
O,
TA.) مَشَقٌّ [properly A place of cleaving, splitting, &c.: and hence a fissure, cleft, &c., like شَقٌّ:
pl. مَشَاقُّ]: see شَقٌّ.
b2: مَشَقُّ العَيْنِ [The slit of the eye]. (
TA in art. حوص.) مَشَقَّةٌ [said in the
S and
K to be an
inf. n. of شَقَّ
trans. by means of عَلَى]: see شِقٌّ, in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places.
