قط

1 قَطَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M,) inf. n. قَطٌّ, (M, K,) He cut it, in a general sense: (M, K:) or he cut it, meaning a hard thing, such as a حُقّة [or box], (Lth, M, K,) and the like, (M,) in a good form, or fashion, like as a man cuts a reed upon a bone; (Lth;) and ↓ تَقْطِيطٌ, also, [inf. n. of قطّطهُ,] signifies the cutting a حُقَّة, (K, TA,) and making it even: (TA:) or قَطَّهُ signifies he cut it breadthwise, across, or crosswise; (S, M, O, K;) he so separated it; (Kh, S;) opposed to قَدَّهُ, (S, TA,) which signifies he cut it in halves lengthwise, like as one cuts a strap or thong: (TA:) and ↓ اقتطّهُ signifies the same. (M, K. *) You say, قَطَّ القَلَمَ, (S, Msb,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (Msb,) He nibbed the reed for writing; cut off its head breadthwise, across, or crosswise. (S, * Msb.) And قَطَّ البَيْطَارُ حَافِرَ الدَّابَّةِ The farrier pared, and made even, the hoof of the beast of carriage. (TA.) A2: قَططَ الشَّعَرُ, (S, M, K,) with the reduplication made manifest, (S, M,) and قَطَّ, aor. ـَ (M, Msb, K,) and, of the latter, يَقُطُّ also, [contr. to the general rule,] (Msb,) inf. n., of the former, قَطٌّ, (M, TA,) which is extr., (M,) and of the latter, (M, TA,) قَطَطٌ and قَطَاطَةٌ, (M, K,) The hair was, or became, [frizzled, or] very crisp, very curly, or much twisted, and contracted: (S, * Msb:) or like that of the زَنْجِىّ: (Msb:) or crisp, curly, or twisted, and contracted, and short. (M, K.) A3: قَطَّ السِّعْرُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, K,) with kesr, (S, TA,) or يَقُطُّ, (M, Msb,) the verb being co-ordinate to قَتَلَ, [contr. to the general rule,] (Msb) inf. n. قَطٌّ (S, M, Msb, K) and قُطُوطٌ; (M, K;) as also قُطَّ, with damm; (Fr, K;) The price was, or became, dear, (S, M, Msb, K,) and high: (Msb:) Sh thought this explanation to be wrong, and the meaning to be the price flagged; but Az says, that in this he was mistaken. (TA.) b2: قَطَّ اللّٰهُ السِّعْرَ God made the price to be, or become, dear. (Fr. TA.) 2 قَطَّّ see 1, first sentence.7 انقطّ quasi-pass. of قَطَّهُ as explained in the first sentence of this art.; It was, or became, cut; &c.; and so ↓ اقتطّ. (M, TA.) 8 إِقْتَطَ3َ see 1, first sentence: and see also 7.

R. Q. 1 قَطْقَطَتِ السَّمَآءُ The sky let fall rain, (Az, S, M,) or hail, (M,) such as is termed قِطْقِطٌ: (Az, S, M:) or the sky rained. (K.) قَطْ, signifying حَسْبُ, [explained in exs. here following,] (Lth, S, M, Msb, Mughnee, K,) i. e., (S,) denoting the being satisfied, or content, (Sb, S, M, Msb,) with a thing, (Msb,) is thus written, with fet-h to the ق, and with the ط quiescent, (Sb, S, M, Msb, * Mughnee,) like عَنْ; (K;) and also, (Sb, M, K,) sometimes, (Sb, M,) ↓ قَطٍ, (Sb, M, K,) with tenween, mejroor; (K;) and ↓ قَطِى [distinguished from قَطِى in the next sentence]; (Sb, M, K;) but the term “ mejroor ” is here used contr. to the rules of grammar, as it denotes that قط is decl., whereas it is not. (MF.) It is used as a prefixed noun: you say, قَطْكَ هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ Thy sufficiency [meaning sufficient for thee] is this thing; syn. حَسْبُكَ; (Lth, S, Mughnee; *) and like it is قَدْ: (Lth:) and you also say, using it as a prefixed n., قَطْنِى My sufficiency; syn. حَسْبِى; (Lth, S, * Mughnee;) like قَدْنِى; introducing ن, (Lth, S, TA,) as in عَنِّى and مِنِّى and لَدُنِّى, contr. to rule, for the reason which has been explained in treating of قَدْ, (S, TA,) to preserve the original quiescence of the ط; (Mughnee;) and قَطِى; (S, Msb, Mughnee;) and ↓ قَطِ; (S;) and ↓ قَطَاطِ, (S, M, K,) like قَطَامِ, (S, K,) indecl.; (M;) as signifying حَسْبِى: (S, M, Msb, Mughnee, K:) and, as is said in the Moo'ab, قَطْ عَبْدِ اللّٰهِ دِرْهَمٌ The sufficiency of 'Abd-Allah is a dirhem; [and the like is said by Lth and in the Mughnee;] pausing upon the ط, and making قط to govern a gen. case [as it does virtually in the preceding instances]; and the Basrees say, that this is the right mode, as meaning the like of حَسْبُ زَيْدٍ

دِرْهَمٌ and كَفْىَ زَيْدٍ دِرْهَمٌ: (K:) or some say قَطْ, with jezm; and some say ↓ قَطُ, making it inded. with damm for its termination; each governing what follows it in the gen. case. (M.) b2: It is also a verbal noun, signifying يَكْفِى [It suffices, or will suffice; or it is, or will be, sufficient]; and when this is the case, you say, قَطْنِى, (Mughnee, K,) like as you say, يَكْفِينِى [It suffices me, or will suffice me]; (Mughnee;) or كَفَانِى [which means, emphatically, it suffices me], accord. to the Koofees; (Lth;) which is also allowable when قَطْ is equivalent to حَسْبُ [as we have observed above]: (Mughnee:) and you say also, قَطْكَ, meaning كَفَاكَ [emphatically It suffices thee]: and قَطِى, meaning كَفَانِى [emphatically It suffices me]: (K:) so in the copies of the K; [in the CK, erroneously, قَطَّنِى;] but [it seems that it should be قَطْنِى; for] it is said in the Mughnee and its Expositions, that in this last case the addition of the ن is indispensable: (MF:) and some say, قَطْ عَبْدَ اللّٰهِ دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, 'Abd-Allah (in the CK, erroneously, قَطُّ)]; making it to govern the accus. case [as it does virtually in preceding instances]: and some add ن, saying, عَبْدَ اللّٰهِ دِرْهَمٌ ↓ قَطْنُ [meaning the same]: (Lth, K:) [hence,] some say, that [قَطْن in] قَطْنِى is a word originally thus formed without any augmentation, like [حَسْب in] حَسْبِى; (M;) [but J says,] if the ن in قَطْنِى belonged to the root of the word, they had said قَطْنُكَ, which is not known. (S.) b3: It is also syn. with حَسْبُ in the phrase مَا رَأَيْتُهُ إِلَّا مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَقَطٌ [I have not seen him, or it, save once, and that was a thing sufficient or that was enough]: (S, Msb: *) or, as is said in the Mutowwel, قَطْ in فَقَطْ is a verbal noun, meaning abstain thou [from further questioning, or the like], as though it were the complement of a condition suppressed [such as “ the case being so ”]: or, as is said in the Mesáïl of Ibn-Es-Seed, the ف is properly prefixed because the meaning is and I was satisfied, or content, therewith; so that the ف is a conjunction: (from a marginal note in a copy of the Mughnee:) [it therefore virtually signifies and no more; or only; and thus it may often be rendered: and this explains what here follows:] when قَط is used to denote paucity, (M, K,) which is said by El-Hareeree, in the Durrah, to be only in negative phrases, (MF,) it is [written قَطْ,] with jezm, (M, K,) and without teshdeed: (M:) you say, مَا عِنْدَكَ إِلَّا هٰذَا قَطْ [which may be rendered Thou hast not save this only]: but when it is followed by a conjunctive ا, it is with kesr; [as in the saying,] مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلَّا هٰذَا قَطِ اليَوْمَ [virtually mean-ing I knew not, or, emphatically, know not, save this only, to-day]: (K:) and also, (K,) when thus using it, (M,) you say, مَا لَهُ إِلَّا عَشَرَةٌ قَطْ يَافَتَى [likewise virtually meaning He has not save ten only, O young man], without teshdeed, and with jezm; and ↓ قَطِّ, with teshdeed and khafd; (Lh, M, K;) the kesreh of the latter, in a case of this kind, being to distinguish the قَطّ which denotes [paucity of] number from قَطُّ, which denotes time. (Lth.) A2: See also قَطُّ, first sentence.

قُطْ: see قَطُّ.

قَطُ: see قَطْ: A2: and see also قَطُّ.

قَطِ: see قَطْ.

قُطُ: see قَطُّ.

قَطٍ: see قَطْ.

قَطَّ: see قَطُّ.

قَطُّ is an adv. noun, (Mughnee,) [generally] denoting time, (S, M, Mughnee,) or past time, (Msb, K,) used to include all past time; (Lth, Mughnee;) as also ↓ قُطُّ, (S, M, Mughnee, K,) the former vowel being assimilated to the latter; (S, Mughnee;) and ↓ قَطُ, (S, M, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ قُطُ; (S, Mughnee, * K;) and some say ↓ قَطْ, (S, Mughnee,) whence قَطُ is formed, by making its termination similar to that of the primary form قَطُّ, to show its origin; (S, M;) or this would be better than قَطُ; (M;) and ↓ قُطْ, (S, M, Mughnee, *) like مُذْ, which is rare: (S, M:) of all these, the first is the most chaste: (Mughnee:) when time is meant by it, it is always with refa, without tenween: (K:) or one says also ↓ قَطِّ, (M, Mughnee, K,) with kesr and teshdeed to the ط, (M, K,) accord. to IAar; (M;) and ↓ قَطَّ, with fet-h and teshdeed to the ط; (M, * K;) as well as with damm to the ط without teshdeed. (K [in some copies of which is here added, “and with refa to the ط; ” to which is further added in the CK, “without teshdeed: ” but I find two copies without any addition of this redundant kind: for by “ refa ” is here meant, as in a former instance, “damm; ”

though improperly, as the word is indecl.]) Yousay, مَا رَأَيْتُهُ قَطُّ &c. [I have not seen him, or it, ever, or hitherto]; (S, M, K;) and مَا فَعَلْتُهُ قَطَّ [I have not done it ever, or hitherto]; (Msb, Mughnee;) i. e., in the time that is past; (Msb, K;) or in what has been cut off of my life; (Mughnee, K;) its derivation being from قَطَطْتُ meaning “ I cut; ” for the past is cut off from the present and the future; and it is indecl. because it implies the meaning of مُذْ and إِلَى; its meaning being مُذْ أَنْ خُلِقْتُ إِلَى الآنَ [since my being created until now]; and with a vowel for its termination to prevent the occurrence of two quiescent letters together; (Mughnee;) and it is with refa [meaning damm for its termination] because it is like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ: (Lth:) accord. to Ks, (S,) قَطُّ is a contraction of قَطَطُ: (S, M:) Sb says, that it denotes الإِنْتِهَآء; [app. meaning that it signifies abstain thou from further questioning, or the like; for El-Hareeree says, in the Durrah, that قَطُّ and قَطْ both signify the same as حَسْبُ;] and that it is indecl., with damm for its termination, like حَسْبُ. (M.) You say also, مَا فَعَلْتُ هٰذَا قَطْ وَلَا قَطُّ [app. meaning I have not done this alone, nor ever]: (K, TA: [in the CK قَطُّ ولا قُطُ, but]) the former قط is with jezm to the ط, and the latter is with teshdeed and damm to the ط. (TA.) And يَا فَتَى ↓ مَا زَالَ عَلَى هٰذَا مُذْ قُطَّ [He, or it, has not ceased to be after this manner during all past time, O young man]; with damm to the ق, and with teshdeed. (Lh, M.) It is used only in negative phrases relating to past time; the saying of the vulgar لَا أَفْعَلُهُ قَطُّ [meaning I will not do it ever] being incorrect; (Mughnee, K; [in the CK قَطُ]) for with respect to the future you say عَوْضُ (TA) [or أَبَدًا]: or it is mostly so used, accord. to Ibn-Málik: (MF:) but it occurs after an affirmative phrase in places in El-Bukháree, (K,) in his Saheeh; (TA;) for ex., أَطْوَلُ صَلَاةٍ صَلَّيْتُهَا قَطُّ [The longest prayer which I have prayed ever]: and in the Sunan of Aboo-Dawood; تَوَضَّأَ ثَلَاثًا قَطُّ [He performed the وُضُوْء three times ever]: and Ibn-Málik asserts it to be right, and says that it is one of the things which have been unperceived by many of the grammarians: (K:) El-Karmánee, however, interprets these instances as though they were negative. (TA.) قَطِّ: see قَطْ, near the end of the paragraph: A2: and see also قَطُّ, in the first sentence.

قُطُّ: see قَطُّ, in two places.

شَعَرٌ قَطٌّ, and ↓ قَطَطٌ, (M, Msb, K,) and ↓ قَطِطٌ, (TA,) Crisp, curly, or twisted and contracted, and short, hair: (M, K:) or hair that is very crisp, very curly, or much twisted and contracted: or, accord. to the T, ↓ قَطَطٌ meanshair of the زَنْجِىّ: (Msb:) or you say, ↓ جَعْدٌ قَطَطٌ, meaning very crisp, very curly, or much twisted and contracted. (S.) b2: رَجُلٌ قَطٌّ, and ↓ قَطَطٌ, (Msb,) or رَجُلٌ قَطُّ الشَّعَرِ, and ↓ قَطَطُ الشَّعَرِ, (S, M, K,) A man whose hair is crisp, curly, or twisted and contracted, and short: (M, K:) or whose hair is very crisp, very curly, or much twisted and contracted; (S, * Msb;) as also ↓ قِطَاطٌ: (K: accord. to some copies; but accord. to other copies, as a pl. in this sense: [the reading of the latter is more probably correct, and is that of the TA:]) or beautifully crisp or curly or twisted and contracted: (TA:) the pl. [of قَطٌّ] is أَقْطَاطٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and قَطُّونَ and قِطَاطٌ; and [of ↓ قَطَطٌ] قَطَطُونَ: (M, K:) the epithet applied to a woman is قَطَّةٌ, and ↓ قَطَطٌ without ة. (M, Msb.) A2: See also ↓ قَاطٌّ.

قِطٌّ A slice cut off (شَقِيقَةٌ), of a melon or other thing. (A, TA.) b2: (tropical:) A portion, share, or lot, (M, A, Msb, K,) of gifts, (A, TA,) &c. (TA.) Hence the saying in the Kur, [xxxviii. 15,] رَبَّنَا عَجِّلْ لَنَا قِطَّنَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الحِسَابِ (tropical:) [O our Lord, hasten to us our portion before the day of reckoning]: accord. to some, our portion of punishment: but accord. to Sa'eed Ibn-Jubeyr, it means, of Paradise. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A writing; (Fr, S, Msb;) [such as that of a man's works;] and hence, accord. to Fr, the words of the Kur cited above; those words being said in derision: (TA:) or a writing of reckoning: (M, K:) or a written obligation: (M:) or it signifies also a written obligation binding one to give a gift or present; (S, K, TA;) and hence the saying in the Kur cited above: (S:) pl. قُطُوطٌ: (S, M, Msb, K:) which Az explains as meaning gifts, and stipends; so called because they were issued written in the form of notes and statements of obligation upon cut pieces of paper or the like. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) An hour, or a portion, (سَاعَة,) of the night. (M, K.) You say مَضَى قِطٌّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) [An hour, or a portion, of the night passed]. (Th, M.) A2: A male cat: (S, M, Msb, K:) the female is called قِطَّةٌ: (Lth, S, M, Msb:) Kr disallowed this latter; and IDrd says, I do not think it to be genuine Arabic; (M;) but to this it is objected that it occurs in traditions: (MF:) the pl. is قِطَاطٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and قِطَطَةٌ, (M, K,) or قِطَطٌ. (Msb.) قَطَطٌ: see قَطٌّ, throughout.

قَطِطٌ: see قَطٌّ.

قِطَّةٌ [A mode, or manner, of cutting a thing, such as the extremity of the nib of a writingreed]: see an ex. voce سِنٌّ (near the end of the paragraph).

قَطْنُ: see قَطْ.

قَطِى: see قَطْ.

قَطَاطِ: see قَطْ.

قِطَاطٌ: see قَطٌّ.

قَطَّاطٌ A خَرَّاط [q. v.] who makes [the small boxes of wood or the like called] حُقَق [pl. of حُقَّة]. (S, O, K.) [See 1, first sentence.]

قِطْقِطٌ Small rain; (M, K;) resembling شَذْر [q. v.]: (M:) or the smallest of rain; the next above which is termed رَذَادٌ; the next above this, طَشٌّ; [but see this last term;] the next above this, بَغْشٌ; and the next above this, غَبْيَةٌ: (Az, S:) or rain falling continuously, in large drops: (Lth, K:) or hail: (K:) or small hail, (M, O, K,) which is imagined to be hail or rain. (O.) سعْرٌ قَاطٌّ A dear price; as also ↓ مَقْطُوطٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ قَطٌّ, (K,) and ↓ قَاطِطٌ. (IAar, K.) You say, وَرَدْنَا أَرْضًا قَاطًّا سِعْرُهَا We arrived at a land of dear prices. (S, TA.) قَاطِطٌ: see قَاطٌّ.

مَقَطٌّ [in the CK erroneously مِقَطّ] The place of ending of the extremities of the ribs of a horse: (M, K:) or the extremity of the rib, projecting over the belly: (K in art. شرسف:) or the place of ending of the ribs of a horse: (TA:) مَقَاطُّ [is the pl., signifying, as explained in the S, in art. شرسف, the extremities of the ribs, projecting over the belly: or it] signifies the two extremities of the belly of a horse, whereof one is at the sternum (القَصّ), and the other at the pubes. (En-Nadr.) مِقَطَّةٌ The thing upon which the reed for writing is nibbed; (S;) [generally made of bone or ivory;] a small bone upon which the writer nibs his reeds for writing; (K;) a small bone which is found with the sellers of paper, upon which they cut the extremities of the reeds for writing. (Lth.) مَقْطُوطٌ: see قَاطّ.

سَمَآءٌ مُقَطْقِطَةٌ A sky letting fall rain such as is called قِطْقِطٌ. (Az, S.)

جب

1 جَبَّهُ, aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. جَبٌّ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and جِبَابٌ, (A, K, MF,) He cut it; or cut it off; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اجتبَهُ. (K, * TA.) b2: جَبَّ خُصَاهُ, inf. n. جَبٌّ and جِبَابٌ, He cut off entirely, or extirpated, his testicles; (TA;) [as also ↓ اِجْتَبَّهَا; for] جَبٌّ (A, K) and جِبَابٌ and اِجْتِبَابٌ (TA) signify the cutting off entirely, or extirpating, (A, K, TA,) of the testicle, (K, TA,) or of the genitals: (A:) [or] جِبَابٌ signifies [or signifies also, as inf. n. of جُبَّ,] the having the testicles, (S, TA,) or genitals, (Msb,) entirely cut off. (S, * Msb, TA.) You say also, جَبَبْتُهُ, meaning I cut off entirely, or extirpated, his genitals; (Msb;) [or his testicles; or his penis; as is implied in the TA:] and جُبَّ, inf. n. جَبٌّ, (Mgh, TA,) [or جِبَابٌ,] he had his penis and his testicles [or either of these] cut off entirely, or extirpated. (Mgh, TA. *) b3: جَبَّ السَّنَامَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَبٌّ; and ↓ اجتبّهُ; He cut off the hump of the camel: accord. to Lth, جَبٌّ signifies the cutting off entirely, or extirpating, of the hump. (TA.) A2: جَبَّ النَّخْلَ, (As, S, Msb, TA,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. جَبٌّ, (A, K,) or جِبَابٌ, (S, TA,) or جَبَابٌ, (A,) or both the second and last, (Msb, [the first is disallowed by MF,]) He fecundated the palmtrees [with the pollen of the male tree]. (As, S, A, Msb, TA.) You say, جَآءَ زَمَنُ الجِبَابِ, (S,) or الجَبَابِ, with fet-h, (A,) or both, (Msb,) [The time of the fecundating of the palm-trees came].

A3: جَبَّ القَوْمَ, (S,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. جَبٌّ, (K,) He surpassed, or overcome, the people, or company of men; (S, K, * TA;) accord. to some, in grounds of pretension to respect or honour, or in beauty, and in any or every manner. (TA.) And جَبَّتِ النِّسَآءَ She surpassed the [other] women in her beauty. (TA.) The saying جَبَّتْ نِسَآءَ العَالَمِينَ بِالسَّبَبْ [She overcame the women of the whole world by means of the string] relates to a woman who measured round her hinder parts with a string, and then threw it to the women of the tribe, that they might do with it the like; but they found it to be much exceeding their measures. (TA.) See 3, in three places.

A4: See also 2.2 تَجْبِيبٌ The reaching of the [whiteness termed] تَحْجِيل, in a horse, to the knee and the hock: (S:) or the rising of the whiteness to [the extent of] what is termed الجَبَبُ. (K.) Yousay of a horse, فِيهِ تَجْبِيبٌ [In him is a rising of the تحجيل to the knee and the hock]: and in this case, the horse is said to be مُجَبَّبٌ: and the subst. is ↓ جَبَبٌ [meaning a whiteness of the legs rising to the knee and the hock]. (S.) [See مُجَبَّبٌ.]

A2: The act of shrinking [from a thing]; or the being averse [from it]; or the act of withdrawing; (S, K, TA;) outwardly or inwardly. (TA.) You say of a man, جَبَّبَ فَذَهَبَ [He shrank, or was averse, or withdrew, and went away]. (S.) And جَيَّبَ النَّاسُ عَنْ طَاعَةِ اللّٰهِ The people forsook, or relinquished, the obeying of God. (TA from a trad.) b2: The act of fleeing. (K.) You say of a man, جبَب He fled. (TA.) El-Hotei-ah says, وَنَحْنُ إِذَا جَبَّبْتُمُ عَنْ نِسَائِكُمْ كَمَا جَبَّبَتْ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَوْلَادِهَا الحُمُرْ [And we, when ye flee from your women, like as the wild asses have fled from the presence of their young ones]. (TA.) And ↓ جَبَّ, said of a man, [if not a mistranscription for جَبَّبَ,] signifies He went quickly, fleeing from a thing. (TA.) A3: The act of satisfying with water (K, TA) the earth, (الجَبُوب, TA,) or cattle. (K, TA.) 3 جِبَاب The act of vying, or contending for superiority, in goodliness, or beauty, &c., (K,) as, for instance, in grounds of pretension to respect or honour, and in lineage: (TA:) and مُجَابَّةٌ the vying, or contending for superiority, in goodliness, or beauty, (K,) &c., (TA,) and in food: (K:) but [SM says,] I know not whence this addition, respecting food, is derived. (TA. [See, however, what follows, from the A.]) You say, ↓ جَابَّنِى فَجَبَبْتُهُ He vied with me, or contended with me for superiority, and I overcame him. (TA.) And جَابَّتِ المَرْأَةُ صَاحِبَتَهَا حُسْنًا ↓ فَجَبَّتْهَا The woman vied, or contended for superiority, with her fellow, and surpassed her in beauty. (TA.) And ↓ جَابَّهُ فِى القِرَى فَجَبَّهُ He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in the entertainment of guests, and he overcame him therein. (A.) 4 اجبّ It (camels' milk) had, or produced, what is termed جُبَاب [q. v.]. (K.) 5 تجبّب He clad himself with a جُبَّة [q. v.]. (MA.) [And so, app., ↓ اجتبّ, explained by Golius, on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, as signifying He put on a vest, or tunic.]8 إِجْتَبَ3َ see 1, in three places: A2: and see also 5.

R. Q. 1 جَبْجَبَ He dealt, or trafficked, in جَبَاجِب [pl. of جُبْجُبَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) R. Q. 2 تَجَبْجَبَ i. q. اِتَّشَقَ; (S, TA;) i. e. He prepared what is called جُبْجُبَة: (TA:) or he put what is called خَلْع into a جُبْجُبَة [q. v.]. (Az, TA.) جُبٌّ A well: (A, K:) or a well not cased with stone or the like: (S, A, Msb, K:) or a well containing much water: or a deep well: (A, K:) or of some other description: (A:) or a well in a good situation with respect to pasture: or one that people have found; not one that they have dug: (K:) or a well that is not deep: (Lth, TA:) or a well that is wide, or ample: (ElKilábeeyeh, TA:) or a well that is cut through rock, or smooth rock, or stones, or smooth stones, or hard and smooth and large stones: (Aboo-Habeeb, TA:) of the masc. gender; (Msb, TA;) [not fem. like بِئْرٌ;] or masc. and fem.: (Fr, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْبَابٌ (Msb, K.) and [of mult.] جِبَابٌ and جِبَبَةٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: A well that is dug wherein a grape — vine is planted; like as one is dug for the shoot of a palm — tree: pl. جِبَابٌ. (ISh, TA.) b3: The inside of a well, from its bottom to its top, whether cased with stone or the like or not. (Sh, TA.) b4: The جُرْن of a well [app. meaning A hollowed stone, or stone basin, for water, placed at the mouth of a well: or, perhaps, a hollowed stone placed over the mouth; for many a well has such a stone, forming a kind of parapet]. (Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh, TA.) A2: [A kind of leathern bag;] a مَزَادَة of which one part is sewed to another, (K, TA,) wherein they used to prepare the beverage termed نَبِيذ, until, by use, it acquired strength for that purpose; mentioned in a trad., forbidding the use of it; and also called ↓ مَجْبُوبَةٌ. (TA.) A3: The spathe, or envelope, of the spadix, or flowers, of the palmtree; also called جُفٌّ: the former word was unknown to A'Obeyd: both occur, accord. to different readings, in a trad., where it is said that a charm contrived to bewitch Mohammad was put into the جُبّ, or جُفّ, of a طَلْعَة: accord. to Sh, (TA,) it means the inside of a طَلْعَة [which latter here app. signifies, as it does in some other instances, the spathe, not the spadix, of a palmtree]; (K, TA;) in like manner as the inside of a well, from its bottom to its top, is called جُبّ: the pl. is جِبَابٌ. (TA.) Hence the well-known prov., جِبَابٌ فَلَا تَعَنَّ أَبْرًا [They are merely envelopes of the flowers of palm-trees; therefore weary not thyself to effect fecundation]; applied to a man in whom is little or no good; meaning he is like the spathes of the palm-tree in which are no flowers; therefore weary not thyself by attempting to make him good; لَا تَعَنَّ being for لَا تَتَعَنَّ. (MF.) جُبَّةٌ A well-known garment [or coat], (Msb, K, TA,) of the kind of those called مُقَطَّعَات: (TA:) accord. to ' Iyád, a garment cut out and sewed: accord. to Ibn-Hajar and others, a double garment quilted with cotton; or, sometimes, if of wool, a single garment, not quilted with anything: (MF:) [most probably not so much resembling the modern garment more generally known by the same name (for a description and representation of which see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. i.,) as a kind of جُبَّة still worn in Northern Africa, described in this Lexicon voce مِدْرَعَةٌ: accord. to Golius, “tunica ex panno gossipino, cui pallium seu toga imponitur, cum subductitio panno et intercedente gossipio punctim consuta: Italis consona voce giuppa: si ita cum gossipio consuta non sit, دُرَّاعَةٌ tunica illa gossipina dicitur: ”] pl. جُبَبٌ (Msb, K) and جِبَابٌ. (S, K.) b2: I. q. دِرْعٌ [A coat of mail; or any coat of defence]: (K:) pl. جُبَبٌ. (TA.) Er-Rá'ee says, لَنَا جُبَبٌ وَأَرْمَاحٌ طِوَالٌ بِهِنَّ نُمَارِسُ الحَرْبَ الشَّطُونَا

[We have coats of mail, or of defence, and long spears: with them we ply distant war]. (TA.) A2: The part of a spear-head into which the shaft enters: (S, K:) and the ثَعْلَب is the part of the spear-shaft that enters into the head. (TA.) b2: [In the TA, جُبَّةُ الرُّمْحِ is also explained as meaning ما دخل من السنان فيه The part of the spearhead that enters into the shaft: but it seems that من has been inserted here by a mistake of the copyist; and that the true meaning intended is the part of the spear-shaft into which the head enters; though in general the shaft enters into the head.] b3: The part in which is the مُشَاشَة [q. v.] of a horn. (Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh, TA.) b4: The حِجَاج [or bone that surrounds the cavity (see art. حج)] of the eye. (K.) b5: The contents (حَشْو) of the solid hoof: or the horny box (قَرْن) of the solid hoof: or the joint between the ساق [which seems to mean here, as it does in many other instances, the hind shank,] and the thigh: (K:) or the shank-joint of a horse or the like (مَوْصِلُ الوَظِيفِ [commonly applied, as in the S and K voce رُسْغ, to the upper extremity of the pastern, i. e. the fetlock-joint, which seems to be the meaning intended in this instance,]) in the ذِرَاع [which here app. means the fore leg, not the arm]: or, accord. to As, the part where the وظيف [or shank] is set into the hoof: (S:) or the part of the رسغ [or pastern], of a horse, where the وظيف [or shank] joins upon the حَوْشَب [which seems here to mean the upper pasternbone]: or, as AO says, the part where a horse's وظيف joins to the upper part of the حوشب: or, as he says in another place, the place where each tibia and hind shank, of a horse, meet; [the hockjoint;] expl. by ملتقى ساقيه ووظيفى رجليه: and the place of junction of any two bones, except in the back-bone. (TA.) b6: Accord. to Lth, Whiteness of the بطانية [a word which I have not found anywhere but in this instance] of a horse or similar beast, extending to the hairs that surround the hoof. (TA.) جَبَبٌ A cutting off of the hump of a camel: (K:) or a cutting in the hump of a camel: (TA:) [or the state of having the hump cut off; as seems to be indicated in the S:] or an erosion of the hump of a camel, by the saddle, so that it does not grow large. (K, TA.) A2: See also 2.

جُبَبٌ Butter, or what is produced by churning, of camels' milk; like as زُبْد is what is produced by churning of cows' or sheep's or goats' milk: (Msb in art. زبد:) what rises upon the surface, (T, S,) or what has collected together [or coagulated], (K,) of the milk of camels, resembling زُبْد, (T, S, K,) which camels' milk has not: (S, K:) when a camel shakes about a skin of camels' milk, suspended to him, what is termed جباب collects at the mouth of the skin. (T.) جَبُوبٌ The earth, (Lh, K,) in general; (Lh;) sometimes written جَبُوبُ, as a proper name, without the article, and imperfectly decl., like شَعُوبُ: (TA:) so called because it is cut, i. e. dug; or because it cuts, i. e. dissunders, the bodies of those buried in it: (Suh, TA:) and hence ↓ جَبَّانٌ and ↓ جَبَّانَةٌ, signifying a burial-ground; from الجَبُّ and الجَبُوبُ; accord. to Kh; but others derive these two words from جبن: (TA:) or rugged land: (As, S, K:) or hard or rugged land, composed of rock, not of soil: (IAar, TA:) or earth, or dust: (Lh, K:) or the surface of the earth; (ISh, S, K;) whether plain or rugged or mountainous: (ISh:) a word without a pl.: (S:) also coarse, or big, lumps or clods of clay or mud; or of dry, or tough, or cohesive, clay or mud; plucked from the surface of the ground: (TA:) or crumbled clods of clay or mud; or of dry, or tough, or cohesive, clay or mud: (IAar, TA:) and with ة, a lump, or clod, of clay or mud; or of dry, or tough, or cohesive, clay or mud. (K.) جِبَابِىٌّ: see what next follows.

جُبِّىٌّ [app. a contraction of جُبَبِىٌّ], or ↓ جِبَابِىٌّ A seller of جِبَاب [pl. of جُبَّةٌ, q. v.]. (K.) جَبَّانٌ: see جَبُوبٌ; and see art. جبن.

جَبَّانَةٌ: see جَبُوبٌ; and see art. جبن.

جَبْجَبَةٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

جُبْجُبَةٌ, (S,) or ↓ جَبْجَبَةٌ, (A,) or both, (K,) and جَبَاجِبُ [which is the pl.], (L, TA,) The stomach of a ruminant animal * (S, A, K, TA) in which خَلْع [q. v.] is put, (S, TA,) i. e., (TA,) in which is put flesh-meat cut in pieces; (K, TA;) or in which is put flesh-meat to be used as provision in travelling; (TA;) or in which melted grease (S, K) is collected (S) or put: (K:) or the skin of the side of a camel, cut out in a round form, in which is prepared flesh-meat, (K, TA,) such as is called وَشِيقَة, (TA,) which is flesh-meat that is boiled once, and then cut into strips, and dried, or salted and sun-dried; the most lasting of all provision [of the kind]: (S, TA:) or the first and second both signify tripe; in Persian, شكنبه or إِشْكَنْبَه. (MA.) A coward is likened to a جبجبة in which خلع is put; because of his turgidness and his little profitableness. (TA.) b2: Also, the first, A vessel, or receptacle, made of skin, in which water is given to camels, and in which one macerates هَبِيد [i. e. colocynths, or the pulp thereof, or the seeds thereof]. (TA.) b3: And A basket, (S, K, TA,) of small size, (TA,) made of skins, (S, K, TA,) in which dust, or earth, is removed: (S, TA:) or, accord. to KT, it is [↓ جَبْجَبَةٌ,] with fet-h: (TA:) pl. جَبَاجِبُ. (S.) b4: And A drum: pl. جَبَاجِبُ [which is explained in the K as meaning “ a drum ” instead of “ drums ”]: as in the saying, ضُرِبَتْ عَلَى بَابِهِ الجَبَاجِبُ [The drums were beaten at his door]. (A.) جُبْجُبِىٌّ A tripe-seller. (Golius from Meyd. [See جُبْجُبَةٌ.]) جُبْجُبِيَّةٌ Food made with tripe; in Persian, شِكَنْبَهْ وَا; (Golius from Meyd;) in Turkish, سُخْتُو شورباسى. (MA.) أَجَبُّ A camel having his hump cut off: (S, K:) or having his hump cut off: (S, K:) or having his hump eroded by the saddle, so that it does not grow large: (K:) or having no hump: (A, TA:) fem. جَبَّآءُ. (A, K.) b2: and [hence,] the fem., (tropical:) A woman not having [prominent] buttocks: (K:) or i. q. رَسْحَآءُ [i. e. having small buttocks sticking together; or having little flesh in her posteriors and things]: (ISh, TA:) or whose bosom and breasts have not become large: (K:) or whose breast has not become large: (Sh, TA:) or small in the breast; from the same epithet applied to a she-camel; (A;) for a woman having small breasts is like the camel that has no hump: (TA:) or having no thighs; (K;) i. e. having lean thighs; as though having no thighs. (TA.) Also, the masc., (assumed tropical:) A pubes having little flesh. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] الأَجَبُّ i. q. الفَرْجُ [as meaning The pudendum muliebre]; (K;) from the same word as applied to a camel [having no hump]. (TA.) مَجَبَّةُ The middle, or main part, (جَادّة,) of a road. (S.) مُجَبَّبٌ A horse in which the [whiteness termed]

تَحْجِيل reaches to the knee and the hock; (S;) [i. e.] in which the whiteness [of the lower part of the leg] reaches to the knee and the hock or the knees and the hocks: (TA:) or in which the تحجيل reaches to his knees: (Lth, TA:) or in which the whiteness rises to [the extent of] what is termed الجَبَبُ; (K, TA;) or more than this, [perhaps a mistake of a copyist for less than this,] so as not to reach to the knees: or in which the whiteness reaches to the hairs that surround his hoof. (TA.) b2: بِئْرٌ مُجَبَّبَةٌ الجَوْفِ A well having in the middle a part wider than the rest, hollowed out like a cupola. (Fr, TA.) مَجْبُوبٌ Having the genitals, (Msb,) or the testicles (S, * Mgh, TA) and the penis, (Mgh,) cut off entirely, or extirpated: (S, * Mgh, Msb, TA:) or having the penis cut off. (TA.) مَجْبُوبَةٌ: see جُبُّ.

شد

1 شَدَّ, as an intrans. verb, aor. ـِ inf. n. شِدَّةٌ: see 8; and see also شِدَّةٌ. b2: [Hence,] لَشَدَّ مَا is an expression used in the same sense as لَعَزَّ مَا (A and K in art. عز) and لَحَقَّ مَا: (A and TA in that art.:) [and in like manner without the ل: thus] one says, شَدَّ مَا أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ, meaning حَقَّ أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ [i. e. It is distressing, or it distresses me, that thou art going away]: and if you please, you may consider شَدَّ as similar to نِعْمَ; as when you say, نِعْمَ العَمَلُ أَنَّكَ تَقُولُ الحَقَّ [Excellent, or most excellent, is the deed, thy saying the truth]. (Sb, TA.) [And it is also used to render intensive a verb following it; as in the saying, لَشَدَّ مَا أَبْغَضَنِى Much indeed, or greatly indeed, did he hate me.] b3: شَدَّ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـَ (S, L) and شَدِّ, (L,) inf. n. شَدٌّ (S, L) and شُدُودٌ, (L,) He charged, or made an assault or attack, upon him, in war, or battle. (S, L.) You say, شَدَّ عَلَى العَدُوِّ شَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً, and شَدَّاتٍ كَثِيرَةً, He made one charge, or assault, or attack, upon the enemy, and many charges, &c. (L.) And شَدَّ عَلَى قِرْنِهِ بِسِكِّينٍ, or بِعَصًا, He made an assault, or attack, upon his adversary, with a knife, or with a staff; as also عَلَيْهِ ↓ اشتدّ. (Mgh.) And شَدَّ الذِّئْبُ عَلَى الغَنَمِ The wolf asaulted, or attacked, the sheep or goats. (L.) In the phrase, شَدُّوا الإِغَارَةَ, the meaning is شَدُّوا لِلْإِغَارَةِ [They made a charge for the purpose of a sudden attack upon an enemy, or a predatory incursion]; and therefore الاغارة is put in the accus. case, not as an objective complement. (Ham p. 8.) b4: شَدَّ, (S,) aor. ـُ and شَدِّ, (TK,) inf. n. شَدٌّ, (S, L, K,) also signifies He ran; (S, L, * K; *) and so ↓ اشتدّ. (S, L, K.) رُبَّ شَدٍّ فِى

الكُرْزِ [Many a run is in the sack] is a prov., originating from the fact that a man riding a pregnant mare was pursued by an enemy, and she cast her foal, which ran with its mother, whereupon the horseman alighted, and carried it off in a sack; and the enemy overtook him, and said to him, “Throw to me the foal;” and he replied in these words, meaning that the foal was of generous race: it is applied to him whose internal, or intrinsic, qualities are commended. (Meyd.) And one says, شَدَّ فِى العَدْوِ, (A, Mgh, L,) inf. n. شَدٌّ; (L;) and ↓ اشتدّ; (A, Mgh, L;) He hastened, or was quick, in running: (Mgh, L:) and شَدَّ الإِحْضَارَ [meaning the same]. (S in art. افر.) b5: شَدَّ النَّهَارُ, (S, L,) and الضُّحَى, (L,) inf. n. شَدٌّ; (L, K; but in the latter, النَّار is erroneously put for النَّهَار; TA;) and ↓ اشتدّ; (L;) The day, and the morning, became advanced, the sun being high. (S, * L, K. *) [See also شَدٌّ below.]

A2: شَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, A, L, Msb) and شَدِّ, the latter anomalous, for the aor. of a trans. verb of this class, of the measure فَعَلَ, should be شَدُّ only, and that of an intrans. verb of the same class and measure should be شَدِّ, and this is the only instance, or almost the only one, of its kind, with both of these forms of aor. , except عَلَّ [and بَتَّ] and نَمَّ الحَدِيثَ, but there is one trans. verb of the same class having the latter form of aor. only, namely, حَبَّ, (Fr, S, L,) inf. n. شَدٌّ, (L, Msb, K,) He made it, or rendered it, hard; used in relation to substances and attributes: (L:) he made, or rendered, it, or him, firm, compact, or sound; and strong, powerful, or forcible; vigorous, robust, or sturdy; syn. أَحْكَمَهُ, (L,) and قَوَّاهُ; (S, A, L, K; *) as also ↓ شدّدهُ, [inf. n. تَشْدِيدٌ,] i. e. as syn. with احكمهُ (L) and قوّاهُ: (S, A, L:) he bound, or tied, him, or it, firmly, fast, or strongly; syn. أَوْثَقَهُ: [which may also be meant to convey the signification immediately preceding this last:] (S, L, Msb, K:) and [simply] he tied, bound, or made fast, him, or it; syn. رَبَطَهُ. (S and Msb and K &c. in art. ربط.) One says, شَدَّ عَضُدَهُ i. e. He strengthened [his fore arm, or perhaps his upper arm, but the former is app. here meant]. (S, L.) And شَدَّ عَلَى يَدِهِ He strengthened him, [lit. his arm, or hand,] and aided him. (L.) And شَدَّ اللّٰهُ مُلْكَهُ, and ↓ شَدَّدَهُ, God strengthened, or may God strengthen, his dominion. (S, L. [See also a similar ex. voce أَزْرٌ.]) And شَدَّ العُقْدَةَ [He tied firmly or fast or strongly, or he pulled tight, or tightened, the knot], (A, Mgh, Msb,) and الوَثَاقَ [the bond]. (Kur xlvii. 4.) [And شَدَّ الدَّابَّةَ He bound the saddle on the beast: see an ex. voce دَلِيلٌ.] شَدُّ الرِّحَالِ [lit. The binding of the camels' saddles upon their backs] is a metonymical phrase for (tropical:) the going a journey. (Mgh, Msb.) and شَدُّ المِئْزَرِ, occurring in a trad., [lit. The binding of the waist-wrapper upon the waist] is a metonymical phrase for (tropical:) the avoiding of women: or the exerting oneself, or employing oneself vigorously or laboriously, in work: or for both of these together. (L.) مَا أَمْلِكُ شَدًّا وَلَا إِرْخَآءً [lit. I possess not power to tighten nor to slacken] meansI am not able to do anything. (TA.) [And شَدَّهُ also signifies He pressed, compressed, or squeezed, it: and he pulled, or strained, it.] وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى

قُلُوبِهِمْ, in the Kur [x. 88], means And put Thou a seal upon their hearts, so that they may not heed admonition, nor be disposed, or directed, to that which is good. (L.) A3: أَشَدُّ لَقَدْ كَانَ كَذَا, as also أَشَدُ without teshdeed, means أَشْهَدُ [q. v.]: (K:) a strange saying. (TA.) 2 شَدَّّ see the preceding paragraph, latter half, in two places. b2: شدّدهُ, inf. n. تَشْدِيدٌ, also signifies He made it, or rendered it, namely, a beating, and anything, hard to be borne, heavy, vehement, violent, intense, severe, strict, rigorous, or excessive; he intensified it, or aggravated it: (L:) تَشْدِيدٌ is the contr. of تَخْفِيفٌ [in this sense and in other senses here following]. (S.) [Hence, the objective complement being understood,] one says, شدّد عَلَيْهِ, (A, Msb,) which is the contr. of خَفَّفَ [i. e. of خَفَّفَ عَنْهُ; thus meaning He rendered his burden, suffering, distress, uneasiness, or the like, hard to be borne, heavy, vehement, violent, intense, severe, strict, rigorous, or excessive; intensified it, or aggravated it; or he pressed hard upon him; treated him with hardness, strictness, severity, or rigour]: (Msb:) and مَنْ شَدَّدَ شَدَّدَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ [Whoso treateth others hardly, God will treat him hardly]. (A. [See also 8.]) b3: [تَشْدِيدٌ, as opposed to تَخْفِيفٌ, also signifies The characterizing of a letter by a lengthened pronunciation equivalent in grammatical analysis and in prosody to doubling, denoted in writing by the sign called ↓ شَدَّة, i. e. by the sign ّ over that letter; as also تَثْقِيلٌ.] b4: See also سَدَّدَهُ.3 شادّهُ, (A, L,) inf. n. مُشَادَّةٌ and شِدَادٌ, (L,) He vied with him, contended with him for superiority, or strove to surpass him, in strength, power, or force. (A, L.) [Hence,] مَنْ يُشَادِدِ الدِّينَ يَغْلِبْهُ, (A,) or مَنْ يُشَادَّ هٰذَا الدِّينَ بِغْلِبْهُ, i. e. Whoso contendeth for superiority in strength with this religion, and withstandeth it, or opposeth it, and tasketh himself with religious service beyond his power, it (the religion) will overcome him: a trad. (L.) And لَنْ يُشَادَّ الدِّينَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا غُلِبَ No one shall contend for superiority in strength with religion, &c. but he will be overcome by the religion. (K, * TA.) b2: See also 5.4 اشدّ, (S, A, L, K,) inf. n. إِشْدَادٌ, (K,) He, (a man, S, L, K, *) or they, (a company of men, A, L,) had, (A, L,) or had with him, (S, L, K,) [or had with them,] a strong beast, (S, L, K,) or strong beasts. (A, L.) A2: [مَا أَشَدَّ كَذَا How hard, hard to be borne, vehement, violent, intense, or the like, or how great, is such a thing!]5 تشدّد He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strength, vigour, hardiness, courage, vehemence, severity, strictness, or rigour; he exerted his strength, force, or energy; strained, or strained himself, or tasked himself severely; syn. تَصَلَّبَ; (A and TA in art. صلب;) and جَهَدَ نَفْسَهُ; (L;) [فِى الشَّىْءِ in the thing; as also فِيهِ ↓ شَادَّ; for] المُشَادَّةُ فِى الشَّىْءِ and التَّشَدُّدُ فِيهِ signify the same: (S, L, K: * [see an ex. of تشدّد in the first paragraph of art. جلد:]) [and] both of these phrases signify the showing hardness, &c., in the thing. (PS.) You say also تشدّد لِلْأَمْرِ He applied himself with hardness, firmness, vigour, hardiness, severity, or rigour, to the affair. (MA.) And تَشَدَّدَتِ القَيْنَةُ The slavesongstress strained herself, or tasked herself severely, in raising her voice in singing. (L.) b2: Also He (a man) was, or became, hard, or difficult: you say, سَأَلْنَا فُلَانًا حَاجَةً فَتَشَدَّدَ عَلَيْنَا [We asked of such a one a thing wanted, and he was hard, or difficult, to us]. (TA in art. وعر.) b3: And He was, or became, niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious. (MA, KL.) 6 تشادّوا [They vied, contended for superiority, or strove to surpass one another, in strength, power, or force: see 3]. (TA in art. حمس: there coupled with اِقْتَتَلُوا.) b2: See also the next paragraph.8 اشتدّ; (S, A, L, Msb;) and ↓ شَدَّ, aor. ـِ (L, Msb,) the only form of its aor. , (L,) inf. n. شِدَّةٌ, (S, Msb,) whence the former verb; (S;) and ↓ تشادّ; (L;) It was, or became, hard, (L, and MA and KL and PS in explanation of the first,) said of a substance and of an attribute: (L:) it, or he, was, or became, firm, compact, or sound; (L &c. as above;) strong, powerful, or forcible; vigorous, robust, or sturdy; (L, and A and MA and KL in explanation of the first, and Msb in explanation of the second:) [also it was, or became, bound, or tied, firmly, fast, or strongly:] and the first of these verbs, [and the second also,] it was, or became, hard to be borne, heavy, vehement, violent, intense, pressing, severe, strict, rigorous, tight, strait or difficult, distressing or distressful, afflictive, calamitous, or adverse. (MA, L, KL.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَبِيعُوا الحَبَّ حَتَّى يَشْتَدَّ i. e. [Ye shall not sell grain] until it becomes hard, or firm, or strong. (L.) And you say, اشتدّت العُقْدَةُ [The knot became tied firmly, fast, or strongly; or became tight]. (A, Mgh, Msb.) And اشتدّ الزَّمَنُ عَلَيْهِمْ The time, or fortune, became hard upon them; or severe, rigorous, distressful, afflictive, calamitous, or adverse, to them. (L. [See also 2.]) And اشتدّ بِهِ الأَمْرُ [The affair, or event, distressed, or afflicted, him; like اشتدّ عَلَيْهِ]. (L in art. جد, &c.) b2: See also 1, former half, in four places.

شَدٌّ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, L, &c.) b2: [Hence,] شَدُّ النَّهَارِ, and شَدُّ الضُّحَى, The time when the day, and the morning, is advanced, the sun being high. (L.) One says, جِئْتُكَ شَدَّ النَّهَارِ, and شَدَّ الضُّحَى, (L, and the like is said in the A,) and فِى شَدِّ النَّهَارِ, and فِى شَدِّ الضُّحَى, (L,) I came to thee in the time when the day, and the morning, was advanced, the sun being high. (A, * L.) شَدَّةٌ [inf. n. of un. of شَدَّهُ: as such signifying] A single act [of making, or rendering, hard, firm, compact, or sound; strong, powerful, or forcible: and] of binding, or tying, firmly, fast, or strongly. (Msb.) b2: See also 2, last sentence but one.

A2: Also [inf. n. of un. of the intrans. verb شَدَّ: as such signifying] A single charge or assault or attack in war or battle. (S, A, * Mgh, L, K. *) شِدَّةٌ inf. n. of ↓ شَدَّ (L, Msb) as syn. with اِشْتَدَّ: (L:) [and] a subst. from [i. e. syn. with] اِشْتِدَادٌ: (K:) The attribute denoted by the epithet شَدِيدٌ: (S:) hardness, (A, MA, L,) in substances and in attributes; (L;) firmness, compactness, or soundness; strength, power, or force; vigour, robustness, sturdiness, or hardiness; (MA, L; see أَشُدٌّ, which, accord. to some, is a pl. of شِدَّةٌ;) courage, bravery, firmness of heart: (L:) niggardliness, tenaciousness, or avarice: (A: [see also 5, last sentence:]) vehemence, violence, intenseness, stress, pressure, severity, strictness, rigour, tightness, straitness or difficulty: (MA:) hardship, rigour of fortune: (MA, L:) famine, dearth, want of victuals; hardness, straitness, or difficulty, of subsistence [&c.]: (L:) trouble, distress, affliction, calamity, or adversity; (MA, L;) as also [↓ شُدَّى, in these as well as in some of the preceding senses, and] ↓ شَدِيدَةٌ, [rather meaning a hard, or distressing, event, an affliction, or a calamity, and rarely used,] of which, (L,) or of شِدَّةٌ, (MA, L,) the pl. is شَدَائِدُ, (MA, L,) agreeably with analogy if of شَدِيدَةٌ, but extr. if of شِدَّةٌ: and this pl. also signifies seditions, discords, or dissensions, whereby men are put into a state of commotion: (L:) and the rigours, or pangs, (غَمَرَات,) of death: (S and Msb in art. غمر:) accord. to Sb, the pl of شِدَّةٌ is شِدَدٌ, which, he says, preserves its original form [without idghám] because it does not resemble a verb. (L.) One says, قَاسَيْتُ مِنْهُ شِدَّةً [I endured, from him, hardness, &c.; or from it, hardship, &c.]. (A.) And فُلَانٍ ↓ خفْتُ شُدَّى meaning شِدَّتَهُ [i. e. I feared the hardness, &c., of such a one]: so says Az: and he cites this verse: ↓ فَإِنِّى لَا أَلِينُ لِقَوْلِ شُدَّى

مِنَ الحَدِيدِ ↓ وَلَوْ كَانَتْ أَشَدَّ [And, or for, I will not become gentle for a hard saying, (lit. a saying of hardness,) though it should be harder than iron]. (L.) And أَصَابَتْنِى

↓ شُدَّى meaning شِدَّةٌ [i. e. Hardship, &c., befell me]. (Az, S.) [And شِدَّةٌ also signifies A strong, an intense, or a great, degree of any quality &c.]

شُدَّى: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

شَدِيدٌ Possessing the quality of شِدَّة: (S, L:) i. e. hard; applied to a substance and to an attribute: firm, compact, or sound: (L:) strong, powerful, forceful; vigorous, robust, sturdy, or hardy; (A, Mgh, L, Msb;) applied to a thing, (Msb,) and to a man; (A, Mgh, L;) as also شَدِيدُ القُوَى: (Mgh:) pl., applied to men, أَشِدَّآءُ and [applied to things and men] شِدَادٌ (A, L) and شُدُدٌ, (Sb, L,) which last preserves its original form [without idghám] because not resembling a verb: (L:) also courageous, brave, firm of heart: (L, K: *) and niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious; (A, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُتَشَدِّدٌ: (S, A, L, K:) and [as is implied by the first explanation above, and shown by frequent usage,] vehement, violent, intense, pressing, severe, strict, rigorous, tight, strait or difficult, hard as meaning hard to be borne, troublesome, distressing or distressful, afflictive, calamitous, or adverse. (L, KL, PS, &c.) You say, هُوَ شَدِيدٌ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ [He is hard, or severe, or rigorous, to his people]. (A.) [And شَدِيدٌ عَلَى كَذَا Niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious, of such a thing.] Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, using شَدِيد in the sense of شَحِيح, حَدَرْنَاهُ بِالأَثْوَابِ فِى قَعْرِ هُوَّةٍ

شَدِيدٍ عَلَى مَا ضُمَّ فِى اللَّحْدِ جُولُهَا [We lowered him, with the grave-clothes, into the bottom of a cavity in the ground, the sides whereof were tenacious of what was comprised in the lateral hollow which was the place of the corpse]. (L.) And the words of the Kur [c. 8], وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ, accord. to Zj, mean and verily, on account of the love of wealth, he is niggardly, or tenacious, or avaricious. (L.) شَدِيدُ العَيْنِ applied to a man, and شَدِيْدَةُ جَفْنِ العَيْنِ metaphorically applied by a poet to a she-camel, mean Whom sleep does not overcome. (L.) And الشَّدِيدُ means The lion; (K;) because of his strength and hardiness. (TA.) [شَدِيد with a subst. or an inf. n. following it in the gen. case, the latter having the article ال prefixed to it, or being prefixed to another noun in the gen. case, supplies the place of an intensive epithet; as in شَدِيدُ السَّوَادِ Intensely, or very, black; and شَدِيدُ الغَضَبِ Vehemently, or exceedingly, or very, angry; and] مِسْكٌ شَدِيدُ الرَّائِحَةِ Strong-smelling musk; (L;) [and رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ العَيْنِ A man intensely white in the eye.] b2: الحُرُوفُ الشَّدِيدَةُ [The strong letters] are those letters which, in a state of quiescence, prevent the current of the voice in their utterance; namely أ, ب, ت, ج, د, ط, ق, and ك; (TA;) the letters comprised in the words أَجَدْتَ طَبَقَكَ. (K.) شَدِيدَةٌ [as a subst. from شَدِيدٌ, rendered such by the affix ة]: see شِدَّةٌ.

أَشَدُّ [Possessing the quality of شِدَّة, in a greater, and in the greatest, degree; i. e. more, and most, hard, &c.]. See an ex. in a verse cited voce شِدَّةٌ.

حَلَبْتَ بِالسَّاعِدِ الأَشَدِّ, or حَلَبْتُهَا الخ, is a prov., expl. in art. حلب. And بَقِىَ أَشَدُّهُ. [The hardest part of it has remained] is another prov., applied to him who attains a part of that which he wants, and is unable to attain the completion thereof. (TA. [See also Freytag's “ Arab. Prov.,” i. 169.]) [With an indeterminate subst. or inf. n. following it in the accus. case, it supplies the place of a simple epithet denoting the comparative and superlative degrees; as in أَشَدُّ سَوَادًا More, and most, black; and أَشَدُّ غَضَبًا More, and most, angry.] b2: أَشَدُّ النَّهَارِ The time when the day is most advanced, the sun being at the highest. (L. [See شَدُّ النَّهَارِ.]) أَشُدٌّ, (S, A, Mgh, L, K, &c.,) also pronounced أُشُدٌّ, (Seer, K,) but the latter form is rare, (TA,) is both masc. and fem., (Zj, TA,) and as used in the Kur it has somewhat different meanings: (Az, TA:) in the phrase حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ, (S, K,) and other phrases in the Kur, (TA,) أَشُدّ is expl. as meaning The state of strength; (S, Mgh, L, K;) which is from eighteen to thirty years: (S, L, K:) or from about seventeen to forty: (Zj:) or from thirty to forty: (Zj in another place:) or puberty: (Az, Mgh, L:) or firmness, or soundness, of judgment, produced by experience: (L:) or puberty together with such maturity as gives evidence of rectitude of conduct or course of life; (Zj, Az, Mgh, L;) which may be at, or before, the age of eighteen years; accord. to most of the men of science, and among them Esh-Sháfi'ee; (Zj, Az, L;) and the extreme term of which is three and thirty years: (Mgh:) or the age of forty years; as in the Kur xlvi. 14: (L:) أَشُدٌّ [originally أَشْدُدٌ] is a sing. having a pl. form, like آنُكٌ; and these two words are [said to be] the only instances of the kind: (S, K: [but see آنُكٌ:]) or a pl. having no proper sing., (S, Mgh, K,) like

آسَالٌ and أَبَابِيلُ and عَبَادِيدُ and مَذَاكِيرُ: (S:) or its sing. is ↓ شِدَّةٌ, (AHeyth, S, Mgh, K,) accord. to Sb; and this is good with respect to the meaning, because one says, بَلَغَ الغُلَامُ شِدَّتَهُ; (S;) but فِعْلَةٌ does not form a pl. of the measure أَفْعُلٌ; (S, K;) for as to أَنْعُمٌ, (S,) which is said by AHeyth to be pl. of نِعْمَةٌ, (TA,) [and respecting which Mtr says that] أَشُدٌّ is said to be pl. of شِدَّةٌ like as أَنْعُمٌ is of نِعْمَةٌ, formed by regarding the ة as elided, (Mgh, [and AHeyth says the like,]) it is only pl. of نُعْمٌ in the phrase يَوْمُ نُعْمٍ: (S:) or its sing. is شَدٌّ, like as كَلْبٌ is of أَكْلُبٌ; or شِدٌّ, like as ذِئْبٌ is of أَذْؤُبٌ; (S, K;) accord. to some; (S;) but neither شَدٌّ nor شِدٌّ has been heard from the Arabs [as sing. of أَشُدٌّ]; and they are only deduced from analogy: (S, K:) or it is pl. of أَشَدُّ; and the أ is not regarded in the formation of this pl. (IJ, from A 'Obeyd.) مَشَدُّ العِصَابَةِ [The place, or part, where the fillet, or the like, is bound, or tied]. (A.) مُشِدٌّ A man having, (A, Mgh, L,) or having with him, (L,) a strong beast, (A, Mgh, L,) or strong beasts; (L;) contr. of مُضْعِفٌ. (Mgh, L.) It is said in a trad., يَرُدُّ مُشِدُّهُمْ عَلَى مُضْعِفِهِمْ [He among them who has a strong beast, or strong beasts, shall give back a portion of the spoil to him of them who has a weak beast, or weak beasts]; meaning that the strong warrior and plunderer shall share with (يُسَاهِمُ) the weak in the plunder that he gains. (L.) مُتَشَدِّدٌ: see شَدِيدٌ.

شف

1 شَفَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. شُفُوفٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and شَفِيفٌ (S, O, K) and شَفَفٌ, (CK, [but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA,]) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was thin, fine, or delicate, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) so that what was behind it was visible, (S, * IB, Mgh, [ for خَلَقَهُ in some copies of the S, and خَلْفَهُ in others, I read مَا خَلْفَهُ, which is the right reading accord. to IB and the TA, agreeably with the reading in the Mgh, which is مَا وَرَآءَهُ,]) or so as to tell what was beneath it: (O, K:) [and it, (a gem, or the like,) was translucent: or was transparent. (See شَفَّافٌ.)] One says, شَفَّ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبُهُ His garment was thin, &c., upon him. (S.) b2: b3: And شَفَّ جِسْمُهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. شُفُوفٌ, His body became lean, or emaciated. (S, O, K.) A2: شَفَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. شِفٌّ, It (a thing, O, Msb) exceeded; or was, or became, redundant. (S, O, Msb, K.) Hence, in a trad., شَفَّ نَحْوًا مِنْ دَانِقٍ It exceeded by about a دانق. (Sh, O.) And one says, شَفَّ عَلَيْه, aor. ـُ [so in the L and TA, contr. to rule, probably a mistranscription for يَشِفُّ,] inf. n. شُفُوفٌ; and ↓ شفّف, and ↓ استشفّ; [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context, It exceeded it:] and شَفِفْتُ فِى السِّلْعَةِ [app. a mistranscription for شَفَفْتُ] I gained in, or upon, the the article of merchandise: (TA: [and so, app., ↓ شَفَّفْتُ: see شَفَّى:]) and فى تِجَارَتِهِ ↓ استشفّ [He obtained what is termed شِفٌّ in his traffic; i. e.] he made gain, or profit, in his traffic; syn. رَبِحَ. (S and K in art. ربح.) b2: And sometimes (Msb) it signifies also the contr.; i. e. It fell short; or was, or became, deficient. (Msb, K.) One says, (O, Msb,) of a dirhem, (O,) هٰذَا يَشِفُّ قَلِيلًا This falls short, or is deficient, a little. (O, Msb.) And شَفَّ عَنْهُ الثَّوْبُ, aor. ـِ The garment was too short for him. (TA.) A3: Also شَفَّ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (O,) It (a thing, O) was, or became, in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation. (O, K.) A4: And شَفَّ لَكَ الشَّىْءُ i. q. دَامَ and ثَبَتَ [app. meaning The thing belonged, or pertained, to thee permanently, or constantly; or may the thing belong, &c.]. (TA.) A5: شَفَّهُ, (S, M, O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَفٌّ (S, M, TA) and شُفُوفٌ, (M, TA,) It (anxiety) rendered him lean, or emaciated; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ شَفْشَفَهُ; (S;) both are also expl. as meaning it rendered him lean, or lank in the belly, so that he became slender: (TA:) or, accord. to the M, it (grief, and love,) pained his heart: or rendered him lean, or emaciated: or deprived him of his reason: and it is said of grief as meaning it manifested what he felt of impatience. (TA.) And شَفَّ النُّفُوسَ, as used in a verse of Towbeh Ibn-El- Homeiyir, It hurt and melted the souls. (Ham p. 594.) A6: See also 8, in two places.2 شَفَّّ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.4 أَشْفَفْتُهُمْ I preferred them, or judged them to excel. (K.) You say, أَشْفَفْتُ بَعْضَ وَلَدِى عَلَى

بَعْضٍ I preferred some of my children above some. (S. [And the like is said in the Mgh.]) And أَشْفَفْتُ هٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا I preferred this above this. (Msb.) b2: And اشفّ فُلَانٌ الدِّرْهَمَ Such a one made the dirhem to exceed: or, made it to fall short. (TA.) A2: أَشَفَّ عَلَيْهِ [if not a mistranscription for أُشِفَّ, which I rather think it to be,] He excelled him, or surpassed him. (TA.) A3: أَشَفَّ الفَمُ The mouth had in it a fetid odour. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) 6 تَشَافَفْتُهُ I took away his or its, شِفّ, i. e. excess, or redundance. (O, K.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.8 اشتفّ مَا فِى الإِنَآءِ (S, O, K) كُلَّهُ (K) He drank what was in the vessel, all of it, (S, O, K,) even the شُفَافَة [or last drop or remains], (O,) not leaving any of it remaining; (S;) [and so اِجْتَفَّ;] as also ↓ تشافّ: (S, O, K:) and ↓ استشفّ المَآءَ He drank the water to the uttermost, not leaving any of it remaining; as also ↓ شَفَّهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. شَفٌّ: and المَآءَ ↓ شَفَفْتُ I drank much of the water without having my thirst satisfied. (TA.) [Hence,] in the trad. of Umm-Zara, وَإِنْ شَرِبَ اشْتَفَّ [And if he drank, he drank up all that was in the vessel]. (S, O.) And it is said in a prov., ↓ لَيْسَ الرِّىُّ عَنِ التَّشَافِّ (S, O, TA) i. e. The satisfying of thirst is not from the drinking up all that is in the vessel; for it is sometimes effected by less than this: (O, TA:) it is applied in forbidding one's going to the utmost in an affair, and persevering therein. (S, * O, TA.) Accord. to IAar, one says also تَشَافَيْتُ المَآءَ I exhausted the water; which, ISd says, is originally ↓ تَشَافَفتُ. (TA.) b2: 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Sebreh El-Harashee uses the first of these verbs metaphorically in relation to death; saying, سَاقَيْتُهُ المَوْتَ حَتَّى اشْتَفَّ آخِرَهُ meaning (tropical:) [I vied with him in giving the draught of death] until he drank the last of it, i. e., the last of death. (TA.) b3: And اشتفّ البَعِيرُ الحِزَامَ كُلَّهُ means The camel filled, and took up wholly, the girth, (O, K, TA,) so that nothing remained of it redundant, by reason of the largeness of the middle of his body. (TA.) 10 استشفّهُ, (O, K,) or استشفّ مَا وَرَآءَهُ, (S, Msb,) He saw what was behind it. (O, Msb, K.) [Thus the former signifies He saw through it: and it is used in this sense both properly and tropically.] b2: Hence the saying to the seller of cloths, اِسْتَشِفَّ هٰذَا الثَّوْبَ, [which may be rendered Look thou through this garment, or piece of cloth; but is expl. as] meaning make thou this garment, or piece of cloth, single, [by unfolding it,] and raise it, or hold it up, in shade, in order that I may see whether it be close in texture or flimsy. (TA.) b3: استشفّ also signifies [agreeably with the explanation of استشفّ مَا وَرَآءَهُ mentioned above] (assumed tropical:) He distinguished a thing plainly, like as one distinguishes plainly a thing behind glass. (Har p. 244.) b4: And one says, كَتَبْتُ كِتَابًا فَاسْتَشَفَّهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [I wrote a letter, or writing, &c., and] he examined attentively what was in it. (TA.) A2: See also 8.

A3: And see 1, in two places.

A4: [Freytag mentions as a signification of استشفّ “ Desiderio alicujus rei implevit; ”

with الى before the object: but he names no authority for this; and I doubt its correctness.] R. Q. 1 شَفْشَفَهُ: see 1, latter part. b2: Also, accord. to IAar, (O, TA,) inf. n. شَفْشَفَةٌ, (K, TA,) It (heat, and cold,) dried it up; namely, a thing, (O, K, TA,) such as herbage, (O, TA,) &c. (TA.) And accord. to AA, الشَّفْشَفَةُ signifies The hoar-frost's burning [meaning blasting] the herbage of the earth: or the burning of a medicament that is sprinkled upon a wound: (O:) or it has the former of these two meanings, and signifies also the sprinkling of a medicament upon a wound. (K. [But I think that, for وَذَرُّ الدَّوَآءِ in the K, we should read وَذَرِّ الدَّوَآءِ, and thus reconcile the K in this case with the O: see, however, what next follows; which may be regarded either as confirming the reading in the K, or as having misled its author, in this instance.]) A2: الشَّفْشَفَةُ signifies also The sprinkling of urine and the like. (K.) You say, شَفْشَفَ بِبَوْلِهِ He sprinkled his urine. (O.) A3: Also The trembling, and the being confused (الاِخْتِلَاطُ), (O, K, TA,) resulting from intense jealousy. (TA. [See مُشَفْشَفٌ.]) b2: And شَفْشَفَ عَلَيْهِ He was solicitously affectionate, or pitiful or compassionate, towards him, (TA.) [See, again, مُشَفْشَفٌ.]) R. Q. 2 تَشَفْشَفَ, said of herbage, It began to dry up. (TA.) شَفٌّ A thin, fine, or delicate, garment or piece of cloth; (Az, S, Mgh, O, * Msb, K; *) as also ↓ شِفٌّ (Az, S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ شَفِيفٌ: (Msb:) you say ثَوْبٌ شَفٌّ (S, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ شِفٌّ (S, Msb) and ↓ شَفِيفٌ. (Msb:) [see also شَفَّافٌ:] and the garment, or piece of cloth, itself, is termed شَفٌّ and ↓ شِفٌّ: (Har p. 70:) [i. e. each of these words is also used as a subst.; and this is perhaps meant in the O and K: or] شَفٌّ signifies also a certain thin, fine, or delicate, veil or covering: or, accord. to Aboo-Nasr, a certain thin, fine, or delicate, veil or covering, of wool, through which one sees what is behind it: (S:) pl. شُفُوفٌ. (O, Msb, K.) Among the verses of “ the Book ” [of Sb, cited as exs. therein], is the following: لَلْبْسُ عَبَآءَةٍ وَتَقَرُّ عَيْنِى

أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ لُبْسِ الشُّفُوفِ [Verily the wearing of a woollen cloak, my eye being therewithal unheated by tears, is more pleasing to me than the wearing of thin, fine, or delicate, garments]. (O.) A2: See also شِفٌّ.

A3: شفّ [app. شَفٌّ] also signifies Pimples, or small pustules, that come forth and then go away. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) شِفٌّ: see شَفٌّ, in three places.

A2: Also, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and ↓ شَفٌّ, (L, K,) but the former is that which is well known, (L, TA,) and ↓ شَفِيفٌ, (TA,) Gain, or profit; increase obtained in traffic: and excess, surplus, or redundance: syn. رِبْحٌ [q. v.] : and فَضْلٌ; (S, Mgh, O, K;) and زِيَادَةٌ. (Mgh, TA.) Hence (Mgh) نَهَى عَنْ شِفِّ مَا لَم يُضْمَنْ, meaning [He (the Prophet, TA) forbade] the رِبْح [i. e. gain, or profit, of that for which one has not made himself responsible to the purchaser]. (O, Mgh.) And one says, لِهٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا شِفّق [There is, or pertains, to this, an excess above this]. (Ksh in ii. 15.) And قَالَ قَوْلًا شِفًّا He said a saying that was a redundance. (TA.) b2: And A deficiency: thus having two contr. meanings. (ISk and S and O in explanation of the first word, K in explanation of the first and second words, and TA in explanation of all.) b3: Also, the first word, i. q. مَهْنَأٌ: one says to a person when regarding him with a wish for the like of a thing that he has attained, or that he possesses, without desiring that it should pass away from him, شِفٌّ لَكَ يَا فُلَانُ [May it be an unalloyed gratification to thee, O such a one]. (TA.) b4: And A thing that is little, or small, in quantity; mean, or paltry. (TA.) [See also شَفِيفٌ, last signification.]

شَفَفٌ: see شَفِيفٌ, last signification.

A2: Also i. q. خِفَّةٌ [Lightness, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And sometimes it signifies Evilness, or narrowness of the circumstances, (رِقَّة,) of one's state, or condition. (TA.) شُفَافٌ: see شُفَافَةٌ.

شَفِيفٌ: see شَفٌّ, in two places: A2: and see شِفٌّ.

A3: Also Cold, as a subst.; (ISk, S, O, Msb;) thus in the saying, وَجَدَ فِى أَسْنَانِهِ شَفِيفًا [He felt, or experienced, in his teeth, cold]; (S, O;) and so ↓ شَفَّانٌ: (ISk, Msb:) or, as some say, (O,) the hurting, or paining, (لَذْع, [in the CK لَدْغ,] of cold: (S, O, K:) and intense cold, with rain and wind; and شِفَافٌ is its pl.: (TA:) or intense cold [alone]: (Msb:) or a cold wind in which is moisture: (O:) and ↓ شَفَّانٌ signifies the cold of a wind in which is moisture: (S:) or شَفِيفٌ has this last signification; and ↓ شَفَّانٌ, the signification next preceding it: one says, لَهَا ↓ أَلْجَأَهُ شَفَّانٌ شَفِيفٌ A cold and moist wind, having [much] cold and moisture, made him to betake himself to a covert: (IDrd, IF, Msb:) or شَفِيفٌ signifies rain and hail: (O:) or so ↓ شَفَّانٌ; [or rain and cold: for برد is written in my original without any syll. sign;] wherefore some of the lawyers say that it is rain and more: (Msb:) or شَفِيفٌ signifies also rain in which is hail: (K, TA:) or rain in which is cold: (CK:) or a cold wind; (K;) as also ↓ شَفْشَافٌ: (O, K:) or this last signifies a wind of mild cold: (S, TA:) and ↓ شَفَّانٌ, cold and wind: (O, K:) one says, غَدَاةٌ ذَاتُ شَفَّانٍ a morning having cold and wind (S, * O, K) with moisture. (S.) b2: And Intense heat (IDrd, EsSarakustee, O, Msb, K) of the sun: (IDrd, O, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (K.) b3: And Pain in the stomach. (Aboo-Sa'eed, O.) A4: [Also Affected with pain: or with hurt, or grief. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]

A5: Also Small, or little, in number, quantity, or amount; and so ↓ شَفَفٌ. (O, K.) [See also شِفٌّ, last signification.]

شُفَافَةٌ A portion of water remaining in a vessel; (S, O, K;) and likewise, of milk: (TA:) or the last drop remaining in a vessel: (Ham p.

239:) IAth says that some of the later writers mention it as being with س. (TA.) Dhu-rRummeh uses the phrase الشَّفَا ↓ شُفَافَ, in a verse, as meaning In the remaining portion of the day. (O.) شَفَّافٌ Extremely [or very] thin or fine or delicate, so that a thing behind it is visible: (KL:) [translucent:] transparent: applied to a gem, or the like; and to a garment, or piece of cloth. (TA.) [See also شَفٌّ.]

شَفَّانٌ: see شَفِيفٌ, in six places.

شَفْشَافٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, not well or strongly or compactly [woven or] made. (O, K.) A2: See also شَفِيفٌ.

شَفَاشِفُ Vehement thirst. (O, K.) أَشَفُّ [a noun denoting excess]. It is said in a trad. of Ráfi', فَكَانَ الخَلْخَالُ أَشَفَّ مِنْهَا قَلِيلًا, meaning [And the anklet, or pair of anklets, was] more than they [in value or weight]; (syn. أَفْضَل and أَزْيَد;) i. e. more [in value or weight] than the dirhems. (Mgh.) And one says, فُلَانٌ أَشَفُّ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one is a little greater, or older, (أَكْبَرُ قَلِيلًا,) than such a one. (TA.) مَشْفُوفٌ is said by Ibn-Buzurj to be like مَجْفُوفٌ [part. n. of جَفَّهُ; i. e. Collected; or collected together and taken away]. (TA.) مُشَفْشَفٌ (O, K) and ↓ مُشَفْشِفٌ, (K,) the latter on the authority of IAar, (TA,) Slender, shallow, or weak, in intellect, and evil in disposition. (O, K.) And [both words agreeably with different explanations of the verb] One in whom is, (K,) or, accord. to Saad, one who is as though there were in him, (O,) a trembling, and confusion, (O, K,) resulting from jealousy, (K,) or from vehement jealousy, (O,) and solicitous affection, or pity or compassion, for his حُرَم [or wives, or women under covert, and household, (in the CK his حَرَم,)] as though jealousy wasted his heart, and made him lank and lean: or evil in disposition, and very jealous: and ↓ the latter word, solicitously affectionate; or pitying, or compassionating. (TA.) مُشَفْشِفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

طل

1 طَلَّتِ السَّمَآءُ الأَرْضَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. طَلٌّ, The sky rained small rain upon the earth, or land. (MA.) And طُلَّتِ الأَرْضُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) [meaning, as is implied in the S and O, The earth, or land, was rained upon by the weakest of rain; or was rained upon, or bedewed, by the طَلّ, q. v.; or] the طَلّ descended upon the earth, or land: (K:) and طَلَّهَا النَّدَى [The rain, or dew, moistened it]: (S, O, TA:) and طَلَّت, with fet-h, signifies [accord. to some] It became moist, or moistened: one says, طُلَّتْ بِلَادُكَ, and طَلَّتْ; the former meaning May thy countries, or tracts of country, be rained upon; and the latter, become moist, or moistened: or, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák, [i. e. Zj,] طُلَّتْ only, with damm; [and he adds,] one says, رَحُبَتْ بِلَادُكَ وَطُلَّتْ, with damm, [i. e. May thy tracts of country be spacious to thee, and be moistened by the طَلّ, (or, as in art. رحب in the TA, أَرْحَبَتْ عَلَيْكَ وَطُلَّتْ)], not طَلَّتْ; because the طَلّ is not from them, [i. e. it is not from the tracts of country,] but they are the objects thereof. (TA.) [Golius mentions, among the significations of طَلَّ, as on the authority of Z, i. q. رحب, said of land, or the earth, and followed by على relating to a person: but I think it most probable that he inferred this signification from his finding, in a copy of the A, the phrase رَحُبَتْ عَلَيْكَ الأَرْصُ وَطَلَّتْ (for وَطُلَّتْ), without any explanation. And Freytag mentions ↓ أُطِلَّ as meaning It was watered by fine rain; from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.] And [it is said that] طَلَّتِ السَّمَآءُ signifies اِشْتَدَّ وَقْعُهَا [i. e. The rain fell vehemently]. (TA.) A2: طَلَّ دَمَهُ, (Az, S, O, Msb,) said of God, (S,) or of the ruling power, (Msb,) first Pers\. طَلَلْتُهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. طَلٌّ (Msb, K) and طُلُولٌ, (K,) He made his blood to go for nought, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct; made it to be of no account: (Az, S, O, Msb, K, TA:) or held it to be of little account, as though it were but [the rain, or dew, termed] طَلّ, in its result; this, accord. to Er-Rághib, being the proper meaning: (TA:) and ↓ اطلّهُ signifies the same. (Az, S, O, Msb, K.) And طُلَّ دَمُهُ His blood was made to go for nought, &c.; (Az, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also دَمُهُ ↓ أُطِلَّ: (Az, S, O, Msb, K:) and طَلَّ دَمُهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) with fet-h, accord. to Ks and AO, (S, O, Msb,) aor. ـُ [contr. to analogy], (Msb,) or طَلِّ [agreeably with analogy]; (K;) and طَلَّ, originally طَلِلَ, (Msb, K, *) aor. ـَ (Msb, K;) [his blood went for nought, &c.;] but this is disallowed by Az; (S, O, Msb;) and it is more commonly with damm. (K.) b2: And طَلَّهُ حَقَّهُ, aor. ـُ He diminished, or impaired, to him his right, or due; or deprived, or defrauded him of it, partly, or wholly: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, (TA,) he denied him, or refused him, his right, or due; (K, TA;) and withheld it [from him]: (TA:) and he annulled it; or made it to go for nought, as a thing of no account, or as a thing that had perished or become lost. (K, TA.) You say, طَلُّوا فُلَانًا حَقَّهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَلٌّ, They denied, or refused, such a one his right, or due: so says Khálid Ibn-Jembeh. (O.) b3: And طَلَّ غَرِيمَهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. طَلٌّ, (O, K,) He delayed, or deferred, with his creditor, or put him off, by promising time after time to pay him. (O, * K.) b4: and طَلٌّ signifies also The driving of camels roughly, or rigorously. (K.) You say, طَلَّ الإِبِلَ, inf. n. طَلٌّ, He drove the camels roughly, or rigorously! (TK.) A3: طَلَّ, [sec. Pers\. طَلِلْتَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَلَالَةٌ; like مَلَّ, [sec. Pers\. مَلِلْتَ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. مَلَالَةٌ; (TA;) [accord. to Freytag, followed by لَهُ, and in the Deewán of the Hudhalees by إِلَيْهِ; and so, accord. to him, ↓ استطلّ, followed by لَهُ;] He, or it, was, or became, pleasing, (K, TA,) and goodly. (TA.) A4: And طَلَّهُ, (K,) inf. n. طَلٌّ, (TA,) is also syn. with طَلَاهُ: (K:) so in the phrase طَلَّهُ بِالوَرْسِ [He smeared it, or rubbed it over, with ورس, q. v.]; namely, a thing. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) 4 أَطْلَ3َ see 1, former half: A2: and the same, latter half, in two places.

A3: اطلّ عَلَيْهِ He (a man, Msb) looked upon it, looked upon it from above, looked down upon it, got a view of it, or saw it; syn. أَشْرَفَ, (S, O, K,) [i. e.] أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) or أَوْفَى عليه; (Ham p. 208;) properly أَوْفَى

عَلَيْهِ بِطَلَلِهِ, i. e. بِشَخْصِهِ [meaning he looked upon it, &c., with his body; not in imagination]; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ استطلّ signifies the same: (K:) and so أَطَفَّ عليه. (O in art. طف.) [See also 6.] Hence, in a trad., the saying of Safeeyeh the daughter of 'Abd-El-Muttalib, فَأَطَلَّ عَلَيْنَا يَهُودِىٌّ فَقُمْتُ فَضَرَبْتُ رَأْسَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ ثُمَّ رَمَيْتُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ [And a Jew looked upon us, and I arose, and smote off his head with the sword, then cast it upon them]. (O.) b2: [Hence, perhaps,] اطلّ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) The time drew near. (Msb.) b3: and اطلّ عَلَى حَقِّى فَذَهَبَ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) He got possession of my right, or due, and took it away, or went away with it. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) [See also أَطَفَّ.] b4: And اطلّ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He importuned him, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA,) حَتَّى غَلَبَهُ [so that, or until, he overcame him]. (TA.) And اطلّ فُلَانٌ عَلَى

فُلَانٍ بِالأَذَى (assumed tropical:) Such a one kept continually, or constantly, to the annoying, or molesting, or hurting, of such a one. (TA.) A4: An Arab woman of the desert is related to have said, مَا أَطَلَّ شِعْرَ جَمِيلٍ

وَأَحْلَاهُ [How pleasing is the poetry of Jemeel, and how sweet is it!]. (TA.) 5 هٰذِهِ الأَرْضُ قَدْ تَطَلَّلَتْ This land has produced herbage, and become replete, [for تَخَيَّرَتْ (to which I cannot assign any apposite meaning), in my original, I read تَحَيَّرَتْ,] and has not been trodden by any one: so says AA. (O.) 6 تَطَالَّ (S, O, in the K in art. طول written تَطَالَلَ,) إِلَى الشَّىْءِ (O) He stretched out his neck, looking at the thing, it being far from him: (S, O:) or he stretched out his neck to look: (TA in art. دمخ:) or تَطَالَلْتُ signifies I stood upon my toes, and stretched my stature, to look at a thing, (تَطَاوَلْتُ, K, TA, both of these verbs meaning thus, TA in art. طول,) and looked: (K, TA:) or, accord. to AA, التَّطَالُّ signifies the looking from above a place, or from a curtain or the like. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. شرف, conj. 10: and see also 4 in the present art.]10 إِسْتَطْلَ3َ see 4. b2: استطلّ الفَرَسُ بِذَنَبِهِ is expl. by Ibn-'Abbád as signifying مَرَّمُطِلًّا بِهِ إِذَا نَاصَبَهُ فِى

السَّمَآءِ [app. meaning The horse went along raising his tail toward the sky: for I think that إِذَا نَاصَبَهُ should be إِذَا كَانَ نَاصِبَهُ or أَىْ نَاصِبَهُ]. (O.) A2: See also 1, last sentence but one. R. Q. 1 طَلْطَلَهُ He moved him, agitated him, shook him, or put him into a state of motion or commotion; (K, TA;) like تَلْتَلَهُ: (TA:) [or,] accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, الطَّلْطَلَةُ signifies the moving about the arms in walking. (O.) طَلٌّ Light, (Msb,) or weak, (K,) [i. e. drizzling,] rain: (Msb, K:) or the lightest, (K,) or weakest, of rain: (S, O, Msb, K:) or dew (نَدًى, K, TA) that descends from the sky in cloudless weather: (TA:) or above نَدًى and less than مَطَرٌ: (K:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, rain that has little effect; and so in the Kur ii. 267: (TA:) pl. طِلَالٌ (S, O, K) and طِلَلٌ, (O, K,) the latter mentioned by Fr, and said by him to be the only instance of the kind that has been heard except حِرَفٌ pl. of حَرْفٌ as meaning the حَرْف of a mountain; (O;) [or] طَلَلٌ is a contraction of طِلَالٌ: in a saying of a poet, cited by IAar, (TA,) ↓ الطَّلَل occurs for الطَّلّ [in the CK الطُّلّ]: or in this instance, as some relate it, the word is الطِّلَل. (K, TA.) b2: And Milk: (K:) or so ↓ طُلٌّ, with damm, in the saying مَا بِالنَّاقَةِ طُلٌّ [There is not in the she-camel any milk], as Yaakoob says, and as is related on the authority of AA, (S,) and thus in the saying مَا بِالدَّارِ طُلٌّ [There is not in the house any milk]: (O:) or طُلٌّ signifies thus: or blood. (K. [But see this word below.]) b3: And Paucity of milk of a camel; as also ↓ طُلٌّ. (K.) b4: And Fat, or fatness; syn. طِرْقٌ [in the CK طَرَقٌ, and in my MS. copy of the K طُرْقٌ]: thus in the saying مَا بِالنَّاقَةِ طَلٌّ [There is not in the she-camel any fat, or fatness]. (M, K, TA: in the CK طُلٌّ.) A2: [It is also used as an epithet.] You say يَوْمٌ طَلٌّ, meaning ذُو طَلٍّ, i. e. [A day having drizzling rain, or dew; or] moist, or humid. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ طَلَّةٌ Land moistened by dew [or by drizzling rain]; (TA;) as also ↓ مَطْلُولَةٌ: (S, TA:) and [in like manner]

طَلَّةٌ signifies a meadow (رَوْضَةٌ) moistened by طَلّ. (K.) And طَلٌّ signifies Anything moist. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] Goodly, or good, or beautiful, and pleasing: thus applied to a night, and to poetry (شِعْر [in the CK شَعَر]), and to water, &c.: (K, TA:) applied to these as meaning good, or beautiful; and so to discourse; (TA;) and thus ↓ طَلِيلَةٌ applied to a خُطْبَة. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ طَلَّةٌ means A beautiful, elegant, or graceful, woman. (TA,) And خَمْرٌ طَلَّةٌ Pleasant, or delicious, wine: (S, O, K: *) or, as some say, such as descends easily [or pleasantly down the throat]. (TA.) And طَلَّةٌ applied to an odour (رَائِحَةٌ, K, TA, or رَيَّا, TA) likewise signifies Pleasant, or delicious. (K, TA.) A3: Also An aged man: (Kr, K:) and طَلَّةٌ signifies an old woman: (K, TA:) and a woman foul, unseemly, or obscene, in tongue; (K, * TA;) annoying, or molesting. (TA.) b2: And A serpent; (K;) thus accord. to IAar: (O:) and so ↓ طِلٌّ; (K;) thus accord. to AA; (O;) like طِلْعٌ. (TA in art. طلع.) طُلٌّ: see طَلٌّ, in two places. [But the signification of “ blood ” there mentioned requires consideration; for Sgh adds immediately after explaining the saying مَا بِالدَّارِ طُلٌّ what here follows.] b2: ذَهَبَ دَمُهُ طُلًّا and ↓ طِلًّا means هَدَرًا [i. e. His blood went for nought, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O. [Then follows immediately in the O الطُّلَّآءُ, expl. as below.]) طِلٌّ: see طَلٌّ, last sentence: A2: and see also طُلٌّ.

طَلَّةٌ [fem. of طَلٌّ, q. v. b2: And also used as a subst.: signifying] A wife. (S, O, K.) A2: and Daintiness, or delicacy, in food and clothing. (K, TA. [In the CK, النِّعْمَةُ is erroneously put for النَّعْمَةُ.]) طُلَّةٌ The neck. (K.) A2: And A draught of milk; (Az, K, TA;) as also ↓ طُلَّى: (Az, TA:) pl. of the former طُلَلٌ. (K.) طَلَلٌ A portion still standing of the remains of a dwelling or house; (S, O, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ طَلَالَةٌ: (K:) pl. أَطْلَالٌ and طُلُولٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) the latter pl. sometimes used: (Msb:) what cleaves to the ground is termed رَسْمٌ: (TA:) the people of the towns or villages apply the term أَطْلَالٌ to the remains of walls and of places of worship; and the people of the tents to [the remains of] places of eating and of drinking and of sleeping: (Ham p. 541:) [and] as pl. of طَلَلٌ it signifies elevated places: one says, رَأَيْتُ طَلَلَ القَرْيَةِ, meaning I saw what was elevated of the land of the town, or village. (Har p. 139.) b2: And The شَخْص [or body, or bodily or corporeal form or figure or substance, such as one sees from a distance,] of a thing, (Msb, K,) whatever it be; as also ↓ طَلَالَةٌ: pl. of the former as above: (K:) the شَخْص [as meaning body, or person,] of a man; as also ↓ طَلَالَةٌ: (S, O:) or, of a man, the erect شَخْص. (Msb voce جُثَّةٌ.) And ظَلَالَةٌ, with ظ, signifies the same. (O and K in art. ظل.) One says, حَيَّا اللّٰهُ طَلَلَكَ and ↓ طَلَالَتَكَ, meaning [May God preserve, or save,] thy شَخْص [i. e. body, or person]. (S, O.) And حَيَّا اللّٰهُ طَلَلَكَ and أَطْلَالَكَ, meaning مَا شَخَصَ مِنْ جَسَدِكَ [i. e. May God preserve, or save, what has risen into view of thy body, or person]. (TA.) b3: Also A place in the صَحْن [or court] of a house, prepared for the household to sit upon: ADk says that there was a place on which to eat and drink in the فِنَآء [or yard] of every house, called the طَلَل: (Az, TA:) accord. to ISd, (TA,) the طَلَل of a house is, or was, like the [kind of wide bench, of stone or brick &c., generally built against a wall, called] دُكَّانَة [or دُكَّان], upon which to sit. (K, TA.) b4: And The جِلَال [or deck] of a ship or boat; (M, Mgh, O, K;) i. e. (Mgh) the covering thereof, which is like the roof (Mgh, Msb) of a house or chamber: (Mgh:) pl. أَطْلَالٌ. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) [In the TA it is said to mean the شِرَاع of a ship or boat; which is a mistake, as is sufficiently shown by its being there immediately added, “hence the trad. of Aboo-Bekr, that he used to pray upon the اطلال of the ship or boat. ”] b5: [Hence, app.,] one says, (of a man, Ibn-'Abbád, O,) مَشَى عَلَى طَلَلِ المَآءِ i. e. على

ظَهْرِهِ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) which, Z says, means على وَجْهِهِ [i. e. (tropical:) He walked, or went along, upon the surface of the water: but whether this relates to a pretended miracle or to sliding upon ice, I know not]: and he adds that it is a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: Also Anything fresh, or juicy, or [like طَلٌّ] moist; syn. طَرِىٌّ. (K.) b2: See also طَلٌّ, first sentence.

طَلِيلٌ: see مَطْلُولٌ.

A2: Also Sweet; syn. حُلْوٌ: (so accord. to the O and some copies of the K: accord. to other copies of the K, i. q. خِلق; i. e., accord. to some of these copies, خَلْقٌ; accord. to some, خَلَقٌ; and accord. to some, خَلِقٌ:) thus expl. by Ibn-'Abbád; and said by him to be of the dial. of Hudheyl. (O.) [The explanation in the O is, I doubt not, the right: and hence] b2: طَلِيلَةٌ applied to a خُطْبَة: see طَلٌّ, latter part.

A3: Also A mat; syn. حَصِيرٌ: (IAar, O, K:) or such as is woven of [the leaves of the]

دَوْم [or Theban palm-tree]; or of the leaves of the date-palm; or of the قُشُور [app. meaning the peels of the branches] thereof: (K, TA:) so in the M: in the T it is said that ↓ طَلِيلَةٌ means, accord. to AA, a [mat of the kind called] بُورِيَآء; and accord. to As, a بَارِىّ [which signifies the same as بوريآ]: (TA:) pl. أَطِلَّةٌ and طِلَّةٌ and طُلُلٌ. (K.) طَلَالَةٌ [an inf. n.: see 1, last sentence but one. And, as a simple subst.,] A good, or goodly, state or condition; and a beautiful aspect, appearance, mien, or guise. (IAar, O, K.) and Beauty, or beauty of colour, or brightness: (O, K:) so in the saying, عَلَى مَنْطِقِهِ طَلَالَةُ الحُسْنِ [Upon his diction is the glow of beauty]. (O.) Accord. to As, i. q. حُسْنٌ and مَآءٌ [i. e. Goodliness, or beauty, and, app., lustre]. (TA.) b2: Also, (AA, O, K,) and some say ↓ طُلَالَةٌ, (AA, O,) Joy, gladness, or happiness. (AA, O, K.) A2: See also طَلَلٌ, in four places. b2: [Hence,] one says فَرَسٌ حَسَنُ الطَّلَالَةِ, meaning [A horse goodly, or beautiful,] in what is high, or elevated, of his frame, or make. (TA.) طُلَالَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طَلِيلَةٌ: see طَلِيلٌ.

طُلَّى: see طُلَّةٌ.

طُلَّآءٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) like سُلَّآءٌ, (K, TA,) [in the CK, طَلّاء, like سَلّاء, and] in some copies of the K, erroneously, طِلَّآء, (TA,) Blood, itself: and some say, a pellicle upon the surface thereof: (O:) [and in like manner طُلَّآء is expl. in the K in art. طلأ:] or blood that has been made to go for nought, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct: (K: [and from the context in the O, it seems that this is probably meant by Ibn-'Abbád: see طُلٌّ:]) accord. to AAF, (TA,) the ء in this word is originally ل. (K, TA.) طُلْطُلٌ A chronic, or permanent, disease. (IAar, Az, K.) طُلَطِلٌ: see طُلَاطِلَةٌ.

طُلَطِلَةٌ: see طُلَاطِلَةٌ: each in two places.

طَلَاطِلُ: see طُلَاطِلَةٌ: each in two places.

طُلَاطِلٌ: see the next paragraph, in three places.

طُلَاطِلَةٌ A calamity, or misfortune; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ طُلَطِلَةٌ [in the CK طَلْطَلَة] and ↓ طُلَطِلٌ [in the CK طَلْطَل]. (K, TA.) b2: Also, (S, O,) or ↓ طُلَاطِلٌ, (M, K,) A disease that wearies the physicians, (S, M, O, K,) for which there is no remedy: (S, O:) and said in the M to be a pain in the back. (TA.) And the former, A disease that attacks a man in his belly; as also ↓ طُلَطِلَةٌ. (O.) And A disease in the backs of asses, that breaks their backs; (K, * TA;) so in the M; (TA;) as also طِلاطل with damm and fet-h [i. e.

↓ طُلَاطِلٌ and ↓ طَلَاطِلُ]. (K.) b3: And Death; as also ↓ طُلَاطِلٌ; (K, TA;) so in the M, with damm; and with fet-h [i. e. ↓ طَلَاطِلُ]. (TA.) b4: And A certain piece of flesh in the fauces: (ISd, K, TA:) or the piece of flesh extending downwards upon [the upper extremity of] the مُسْتَرَط [or مَسْرَط, i. e. the gullet]; (As, Az, O, K, * TA;) [meaning] the لَهَاة [or uvula]: (TA:) or, (O, K,) accord. to AHeyth, (O,) the falling of the لَهَاة [or uvula], so that neither food nor beverage passes the fauces easily by reason of it. (O, K.) أَطْلَالُ is the name of a certain mare, (O, K,) or of a she-camel, (K,) which, in reply to her rider's commanding her to leap a river, on the day of El-Kádiseeyeh, is asserted to have spoken, saying, وَثْبٌ وَسُورَةِ البَقَرَةِ [A leap, by the Chapter of the Cow!]. (O, K.) [Freytag has erroneously said, as on the authority of the K, that it is a name of the chapter of the Kur-án otherwise called بقرة.]

مُطَلٌّ: see مَطْلُولٌ.

أَمْرٌ مُطِلٌّ An affair not settled, or not established. (So accord. to some copies of the S and K, expl. by the words لَيْسَ بِمُسْتَقِرٍّ: in other copies of both, and in the O, ليس بِمُسْفِرٍ [to which I am unable to assign any probable meaning].) مُطَلِّلٌ i. q. ضَبَابٌ [Mist; or moisture like clouds, or like dust, covering the earth in the early mornings; or thin clouds, like smoke; &c.: see art. ضب]. (TA.) مَطْلُولٌ: see its fem., with ة, voce طَلٌّ. b2: Also Blood made to go for nought, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ طَلِيلٌ and ↓ مُطَلٌّ. (K.) b3: Also [or لَبَنٌ مَطْلُولٌ] Pure milk with froth upon it, upon which water has been poured, and which one imagines to be good, or pleasant, whereas there is no goodness in it; and so ↓ مَطْلُولَةٌ: or this latter, some say, signifies a piece of skin soaked and softened [ for مَوْزُونَةٌ in my original, which I think a mistranscription, I read مَوْدُونَةٌ,] with pure milk, which they eat [app. in a time of scarcity].

مَطْلُولَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طف

1 طَفَّ, (As, O, K,) [aor., app., طَفِّ,] inf. n. طَفٌّ, (TK, [or, accord. to Freytag طُفُوفٌ, which see in what follows,]) It (a thing) was, or became, near. (As, O, K.) You say, أَخَذْتُ مِنْ مَتَاعِى مَا خَفَّ وَطَفَّ i. e. [I took, of my goods,] what [was light, and] was near to me. (As, O.) And طَفَّ الشَّىْءُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ The thing was, or became, near to the thing. (O, K. *) And خُذْ مَا طَفَّ لَكَ, and لَكَ ↓ اسْتَطَفَّ, (S, Meyd, O, K,) and لَكَ ↓ أَطَفَّ, (Meyd, O, TA,) Take thou what has risen to thee, and become within thy power or reach, (S, O, K, TA,) and become attainable [to thee], or prepared [for thee], (Az, Meyd, TA,) and become near to thee: (K, TA:) or what has risen to view, and has appeared, [to thee,] to be taken: (TA:) [for] طَفَّ, inf. n. طُفُوفٌ, signifies it rose [app. so as to become visible]: and it was, or became, little in quantity: the saying is a prov., relating to a man's being content with a part of that which he wants: (Meyd:) and in like manner one says, خُذْ مَا دَفَّ لَكَ, and اسْتَدَفَّ: (Az, Meyd, TA:) and Ks mentions, in relation to a man's being content with a part of that which he wants, the saying, خُذْ مَا طَفَّ لَكَ وَدَعْ لَكَ ↓ مَا اسْتَطَفَّ [app. meaning, if the saying be correctly thus related, Take what is within thy power, or reach, and leave what has risen to thy view so as to invite approach]; i. e. be content with what is within thy power. (TA.) b2: طَفَّتِ الشَّمْسُ: b3: and طَفَّ said of a bird: see 2. b4: مَرَّيَطفُّ [app. يَطِفٌّ] He passed by hastening, or going quickly. (O.) A2: طَفَّ النَّاقَةَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (O, TA,) inf. n. طَفٌّ, (TA,) He (a man, O) bound the legs of the she-camel, (O, K,) all of them. (O.) b2: طَفَّهُ He (a man, O) raised it (i. e. a thing, O) with his leg or foot, or with his arm or hand. (O, K.) And طَفَّ بِفُلَانٍ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا He raised such a one to such a place; and made him to be on a level with it. (TA.) b3: and طَفَّ الحَائِطَ, inf. n. طَفٌّ, He mounted upon the wall. (TA.) 2 طفّف He made defective, or deficient. (TA.) You say, طفّف, (K,) or طفّف المِكْيَالَ, and المِيزَانَ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَطْفِيفٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He gave short measure, and short weight; (Msb;) he made the contents of the measure to be defective, (S, O, Msb, K,) and in like manner, of the balance; (Msb;) not filling the former to its uppermost parts: (S, TA:) i. e. he did thus, cheating his companion in measure or in weight. (TA.) [Hence,] طفّف عَلَى عِيَالِهِ (tropical:) He scanted his household, stinted them, or was niggardly or parsimonious towards them, in expenditure. (TA.) And طفّف عَلَى الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) He gave to the man less than he had taken from him. (TA.) and طفّف الإِنَآءَ He took what was upon [or above] the vessel [i. e. its طُفَاف, or طُفَافَة]. (TA. [See also 4, last sentence.]) b2: Also He made full, or complete. (TA.) [Thus it has two contr. significations.]

A2: طفّفت الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun drew near to setting: (TA:) [but this may be a mistranscription for ↓ طَفَّت, mentioned by Golius in this sense on the authority of Z: or each may be correct: that the latter is correct, and that ↓ طَفَافٌ or ↓ طِفَافٌ is its inf. n., seems to be indicated by the fact that SM adds immediately after the explanation of the former phrase,] أَتَانَا عِنْدَ طفافِ الشَّمْسِ means (tropical:) [He came to us] at the sun's drawing near to setting. (TA.) b2: طفّف, said of a bird, [or ↓ طَفَّ, mentioned by Freytag from Hamaker's Specim. catal. p. 49, 1. 4, of the Arabic text, or both may be correct,] The bird expanded his wings: (O, K:) so says Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) b3: And طفّف بِهِ الفَرَسُ (tropical:) The horse leaped with him. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. [Golius has omitted this; and has assigned to طفّف, followed by ب with the person who is the object, as on the authority of the S and K, the signification of ادنا (properly أَدْنَى), meaning “ prope admovit,” a signification belonging to أَطَفَّ, but not assigned to either of these verbs in the S nor in the K.]) طَفَّفَ بِىَ الفَرَسُ مَسْجِدَ بَنِى

زُرَيْقٍ, in a saying of Ibn-'Omar respecting a horse-race, means (tropical:) The horse leaped with me (S, O, TA) so that he passed beyond the mosque of the Sons of Zureyk. (O, TA.) 4 خُذْ مَاأَطَفَّ لَكَ: see 1. b2: And اطفّ لَهُ He had knowledge of it, i. e. an affair; (Lth, O, K;) and of him, i. e. a person. (O.) b3: and He desired to deceive him: (O, K:) or he had knowledge of him, and desired to deceive him. (O.) b4: And اطفّ عَلَيْهِ i. q. أَشْرَفَ (O, K) i. e. أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He looked upon it, looked upon it from above, looked down upon it, got a view of it, saw it, or got knowledge of it]; namely, a thing; as also أَطَلَّ عَلَيْهِ. (O.) b5: And, (Az, O, K, TA,) as also أَطَلَّ عَلَيْهِ, (Az, TA,) He got possession of it, (Az, O, K, TA,) and took it away, or went away with it; (Az, O, TA;) namely, the property of another person. (Az, TA.) b6: اطفّ عَلَيْهِ بِحَجَرٍ He reached, or hit, him, or it, (تَنَاوَلَهُ,) with a stone. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b7: اطفّت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel cast, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or brought forth, (K,) her young one in an imperfect state. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) A2: اطفّه He put it, or brought it, near: 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd says, [using the verb in this sense,] أَطَفَّ لِأَنْفِهِ المُوسَى قَصِيرٌ [Kaseer put the razor near to his nose]: (Ham p. 436:) or this means Kaseer put the razor near to his nose and cut it off. (TA.) b2: And i. q. مَكَّنَهُ. (TA.) [You say, مَكَّنَهُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, and app., in like manner, اطفّهُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, i. e. He made him to have power over the thing; or to have the thing within his power or reach; and so, perhaps, اطفّهُ لِلشَّىْءَ.] b3: And اطفّ لَهُ السَّيْفَ He held forth the sword towards him, and struck him with it. (TA.) b4: And اطفّ الكَيْلَ He made the contents of the measure to reach to its uppermost parts: (S, K:) or, as some say, he took what was upon [or above] the measure. (TA. [See also طَفَّفَ الإِنَآءَ.]) 10 استطفّ, said of a camel's hump, It rose, or became high. (TA.) b2: And استطفّت حَاجَتُهُ The thing that he wanted became prepared, and easy of attainment. (TA.) See also 1, in two places. R. Q. 1 طَفْطَفَ He (a man, TA) became lax [or weak] (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) in the hands of his adversary (Ibn-'Abbád, O) or in the hand of his adversary. (K.) طَفٌّ The side (O, K) of a thing: (O:) [like دَفٌّ:] and the bank, or shore, (O, K,) of a great river or a sea; (O;) as also ↓ طَفْطَافٌ: (O, K:) accord. to Lth, of the Euphrates: (O:) or, as some say, the elevated part of the side of the Euphrates. (TA.) And الطَّفُّ is applied to The part of the land of the Arabs that overlooks the cultivated region of El-'Irák: (IDrd, O, K:) said by As to be so called because it is near to the cultivated region: (O:) or it is a place in the district of El-Koofeh. (S, O, K. *) b2: and The exterior court or yard of a house. (TA.) b3: See also طَفَاف, in two places.

A2: And see طَفَّافٌ.

طَفَفٌ: see طَفَاف.

طَفَفَةٌ: see طُفَافَةٌ.

طَفَافُ المَكُّوكِ (S, O, Msb, * K) and الإِنَآءِ, (K,) and ↓ طِفَافُهُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طَفُّهُ, and ↓ طَفَفَهُ, (S, Mgh, * O, K,) The quantity sufficing for the filling (S, O, Msb, K) of the [measure called] مكّوك (S, O, K) and of the vessel (K) to its uppermost parts: (S, O, Msb, K:) or what remains in it after the wiping off of the head thereof: (M, K: [the measure being generally in the form of a truncated cone, much smaller at the top than at the base, the quantity rising above the top is not much:]) or the جِمَام or جَمَام or جُمَام (accord. to different copies of the K [generally meaning the quantity that rises above the top after the filling]) thereof: or the quantity sufficing for the filling thereof: (K:) or the quantity nearly sufficing for the filling thereof: (TA: [and the like explanation is given of the third word in the S &c., as will be shown by what follows:]) or the quantity that falls short of the filling thereof. (Mgh. [See also طُفَافَةٌ.]) It is said in a trad. (S, Mgh, O) of the Prophet, (Mgh, O,) كُلُّكُمْ بَنُو آدَمَ الصَّاعِ ↓ طَفَّ, (S, O,) or طَفُّ الصَّاعِ, (so in my copy of the Mgh,) All of you, sons of Adam, are like the quantity nearly sufficing for the filling of the صاع; (S, * Mgh, O;) i. e. ye are all nearly alike; so says Az: (Mgh:) meaning, all of you, in being related to one father, are in one predicament in respect of defectiveness, like the thing measured that falls short of filling the measure: (IAth, Mgh, O:) the Prophet then proceeded to inform them that there is no excellence of one above another except by piety. (O.) A2: طَفَافٌ signifies also The blackness of night; (O, K;) and so ↓ طِفَافٌ. (K.) b2: See also 2.

طُفَافٌ: see طُفَافَةٌ, in two places.

طِفَافٌ: see طَفَاف, in two places: b2: and see 2.

طَفِيفٌ Little in quantity: (S, O, Msb, K:) and incomplete: (IDrd, O, K:) applied to a thing in this sense, (IDrd, O,) and in the former sense. (TA.) [See تِفْلٌ.] b2: Also Low, base, vile, mean, paltry, or contemptible. (TA.) طُفَافَةٌ The quantity that is above the measure; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ طُفَافٌ (S) or ↓ طَفَفَةٌ: (O, K:) or the quantity that falls short of filling the vessel, (IDrd, O, K,) of beverage or wine, &c. (IDrd, O. [See also طَفَاف.]) And Somewhat, little in quantity, remaining in a vessel. (TA.) b2: And طُفَافَةُ الإِنَآءِ and ↓ طُفَافُهُ The uppermost part of the vessel. (K.) طَفَّافٌ (O, K) and ↓ طَفٌّ (K) and خَفٌّ and دَفٌّ, as epithets applied to a horse, are alike (O, K) in meaning (K) [app. signifying Light, brisk, or quick: (see طَفَّفَ بِهِ الفَرَسُ:) in the TK, and hence by Freytag, expl. as meaning thus, but as an epithet applied to a man].

إِنَآءٌ طَفَّانُ [in the CK طَفّانٌ] A vessel in which the measuring [or thing measured] has reached its uppermost parts: (S, O, K:) [or] a full vessel. (IAar, TA.) الطَّافَّةُ What is between mountains and plains. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And طَافَّةُ البُسْتَانِ What surrounds the garden: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pl. طَوَافُّ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) طَفْطَفَةٌ (S, O, K) and طِفْطِفَةٌ, (O, K,) the latter mentioned on the authority of Az, (O,) The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (S, O, K:) or any quivering flesh: (Az, O, K: [see شِدْقٌ:]) or the flaccid flesh of the soft parts of the belly; (O, K;) thus the former word is expl. by IDrd: (O:) or the extremities of the side, adjoining the ribs: (K:) and said to mean the soft part of the liver; the pl. being used by Dhu-r-Rummeh in relation to the liver: (L, TA:) the pl. is طَفَاطِفُ. (O, K.) طَفْطَافٌ The extremities of trees: (S, O, K:) or the soft, or tender, and succulent, of plants, or herbage: or, accord. to El-Mufaddal, the leaves of the branches. (TA.) b2: See also طَفٌّ.

مُطَفِّفٌ One who gives short measure, and short weight, (Zj, Msb, TA,) thus cheating his companion; but this epithet is not applied unrestrictedly except in the case of exorbitant deficiency: [or] accord. to Aboo-Is-hák [i. e. Zj], the مطفّف is thus called because he seldom or never steals from the measure or balance save what is paltry, i. e. طَفِيف; for it is from طَفُّ الشَّىْءِ, meaning “ the side of the thing: ” the pl. occurs in the Kur lxxxiii. 1. (TA.)

تر

1 تَرَّ, (T, M, A, K,) aor. ـر and َتُرَ, (M, K,) the latter irregular, (TA,) inf. n. تَرٌّ and تُرُورٌ, (M, K,) It (a bone, M, K, or anything, M,) became severed, separated, or cut off, (T, M, K,) by a blow, or stroke [of a sword &c.]. (M, A.) And تَرَّتْ يَدُهُ, inf. n. تُرُورٌ, His arm, or hand, became cut off; (M;) and in like manner, any member: (TA:) or fell off; as also طَرَّتْ. (S in art. طر.) b2: تَرَّتِ النَّوَاةُ, (S, M, A,) aor. ـر (S, M,) and َتُرَ, (S,) inf. n. تُرُورٌ, (T, M,) The date-stone leaped, (T, M,) or went forth, (S, A,) from the [mess called] حَيْس [in the process of kneading], (T,) or from the stone with which it was to be broken. (S, A.) b3: تَرَّ عَنْ قَوْمِهِ He was, or became, apart, or separated, from his people. (As, T.) b4: تَرَّ عَنْ بَلَدِهِ He was, or became, or went, far from his country, or town. (S, M, K.) A2: تَرَّ, (M,) aor. ـر (TA,) inf. n. تَرٌّ, (K,) He (an ostrich) ejected what was in his belly. (M, K.) b2: تَرَّ بِسَلْحِهِ, aor. ـر and َتِرَ, He ejected his excrement. (AA, T.) b3: See also 4, in two places.

A3: تَرَّ, (T, M, K,) sec. Pers\. تَرِرْتَ, (S,) aor. ـر (T, M,) and [sec. Pers\. تَرَرْتَ, aor. ]

َتِرَ, (M,) [and app. sec. Pers\. تَرُرْتَ, aor. ـر inf. n. [of تَرِرْتَ or تَرَرْتَ] تَرٌّ and [of تَرَرْتَ] تُرُورٌ (M, K) and [of تَرُرْتَ] تَرَارَةٌ, [which last is the most common,] (Lth, T, S, M, K,) He was, or became, plump: (T in explanation of the first verb:) or his body became plump, and his bones full of moisture: (Lth, T, M, K:) or he became fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump. (S.) b2: And تَرَّ, aor. ـر He was, or became, relaxed, or flaccid, from impatience or some other cause. (T. [See تَارُّ.]) 4 اترّ; (T, S, M, A, K;) and ↓ تَرَّ, (IDrd, M, K,) inf. n. تَرٌّ; (IDrd, M;) or the former only; (M;) He cut off (T, S, M, K) a man's arm, or hand, by a blow, or stroke, (T, S, M, A,) of a sword; (T, S, A;) made it to fall off: (S:) and in like manner, any member: (M:) as also اطرّ and اطنّ. (T.) b2: And the former, (S, A, TA,) or ↓ the latter, (M, as in the TT,) He (a boy) made the piece of wood called قُلَة to fly away [by striking it] with the مِقْلَآء. (T, S, * M, * A, * TA.) b3: اترّهُ قَوْمُهُ His people separated him from themselves. (As, T.) b4: اترّهُ القَضَآءُ Fate drove him far away from his country, or town. (S, M, K.) R. Q. 1 تَرْتَرَهُ, inf. n. تَرْتَرَةٌ, He moved, put in motion, put into a state of commotion, agitated, or shook, him, or it: (S, M, K:) he shook him vehemently: (M:) he seized his (a man's) arms, or hands, and shook him: (Lth, T:) he shook him (a drunken man) violently, and ordered him to breath in his face, that he might know what he had drunk; (AA, T, K;) as also تَلْتَلَهُ, and مَزْمَزَهُ: (TA:) or تَرْتَرَةٌ and تَلْتَلَةٌ and مَزْمَزَةٌ all signify the act of shaking, agitating, or putting in motion, vehemently. (Mgh.) R. Q. 2 تَتَرْتَرَ He became moved, put in motion, put into a state of commotion, agitated, or shaken. (S, K.) تَرٌّ: see تَارٌّ: A2: and تُرٌّ.

تُرٌّ The string, or line, which is extended upon, or against, a building, (As, S, M,) and according to which one builds, called in Arabic the إِمَام; (As, M;) the string, or line, by which a building is proportioned: (As, T, M, K:) a Persian word, (T, M,) arabicized; (M;) not Arabic: (IAar:) it is called in Arabic the مِطْمَر. (As, T.) A man, when angry, says to another, لَأُقِيمَنَّكَ عَلَى التُرِّ (tropical:) [I will assuredly make thee to conform to the rule of right behaviour]. (Lth, T, S, A.) A2: I. q.

أَصْلٌ: (IAar, T, K:) so in the saying, لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ

إِلَى تُرِّكَ وَ قُحَاحِكَ [I will assuredly impel thee, or drive thee, against thy will, to the utmost point to which thou canst go, or be brought or reduced: or constrain thee to do thine utmost]: (IAar, T, and L in art. قح: see قُحَاحٌ:) [accord. to ISd,] لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ إِلَى تُرِّكَ means إِلَى مَجْهُودِكَ [i. e. I will assuredly make thee to have recourse to thine utmost effort, or endeavour]. (M. [In the K, the signification of المَجْهُودُ is erroneously assigned to ↓ التَّرُّ. See also the saying لَأُلْجِئَنَّكَ إِلَى قُرِّ قَرَارِكَ explained voce قَرَارٌ.]) تُرَّي An arm, or a hand, cut off. (K.) تَرَاتِرُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Great, or formidable, or terrible, things or events or affairs: (S:) distresses, afflictions, or calamities; (M, A, K;) such as are in war. (A.) تَارٌّ A man apart, or separate, from his people. (As, T.) A2: Plump (Lth, T, S, A) in body, (Lth, T,) and having the bones full of moisture; (Lth, T, A;) fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump: (S, TA:) applied to a youth: fem. with ة, applied to a girl; (A, TA;) meaning [plump &c.: or] beautiful and foolish and soft or weak. (T.) Yousay, غُلَامٌ تَارٌّ طَارٌّ [A boy that is plump, and with bones full of moisture, whose mustache is growing forth]. (A.) And قَصَبَةٌ تَارَّةٌ [A bone of the kind called قصبة full of moisture]. (A.) b2: Relaxed, or flaccid, by reason of impatience (جَزَع T) or hunger (جَوْع K) [or the contrary (see أَتَرَّ شَىْءٍ, below,)] or some other cause: (T, K:) so says Abu-l-'Abbás. (T.) b3: A tall man; as also ↓ تَرٌّ, which is app. [a contraction of تَرِرٌ,] of the measure فَعِلٌ. (M.) أَتَرَّ شَىْءٍ A man in the most relaxed state by reason of fullness of the belly: (TA:) or, accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás, by reason of fatigue. (T, TA.)