ظهر

1 ظَهَرَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. ظُهُورٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) [It was, or became, outward, exterior, external, extrinsic, or exoteric: and hence,] it appeared; became apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, plain, or evident; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) after having been concealed, or latent: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ تظاهر signifies the same. (Har p. 85.) Hence the phrase ظَهَرَ لِى رَأْىٌ (assumed tropical:) [An idea, or opinion, occurred to me], said when one knows what he did not know before. (Msb.) [And هٰذَا مَا يَظْهَرُ لِى (assumed tropical:) This is what appears to me to be the case, or to be the right way or course; or this is my opinion.] ظَهَرَ الحَمْلُ, inf. n. as above, means Pregnancy became apparent, or manifest: it is said that this is not the case in less than three months. (Msb.) and it is said in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, كَانَ يُصَلِّى العَصْرَ فِى حُجْرَتِى قَبْلَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ i. e. [He used to perform the prayer of the afternoon in my chamber] before it (meaning the sun) became high and apparent: (TA:) or وَالشَّمْسُ فِى حُجْرَتِى لَمْ تَظْهَرْ بَعْدُ i. e. [when the sun was in my chamber,] it not having risen high so as to be on the flat roof [thereof]: referring to the Prophet. (O. [But العَصْرَ must be a mistranscription for الفَجْرَ, i. e. the prayer of the dawn.]) The saying in the Kur [xxiv. 31], وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا [which is app. best rendered And that they discover not their ornature except what is external thereof] has been expl. in seven different ways, most correctly as meaning the clothes: (O, TA:) accord. to 'Áïsheh, it means the bracelet (القُلْب) and the ring (الفَتَخَة): and accord. to I'Ab, the hand and the signet-ring and the face. (TA.) b2: Also He went forth, or out, (Mgh, TA,) to the outside of a place. (O, TA.) b3: And He (a bird) migrated, or went down, from one country or region to another: used in this sense by AHn in relation to the vulture, migrating to Nejd. (L.) b4: ظَهَرَ عَنْهُ, said of a vice, or fault, (O, TA,) or a disgrace, (JK, A, O,) (tropical:) It did not cleave to him; (A, O, TA;) it was remote from him; (TA;) it quitted him, or departed from him. (JK.) b5: ظَهَرْتُ بِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. ظَهْرٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) I gloried, or boasted, by reason of it. (O, K * TA.) [Respecting a meaning assigned to ظَهَرَ بِفُلَانٍ in the K, see 4.] b6: أَكَلَ الرَّجُلُ أُكْلَةً

ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا ظَهْرَةً means (assumed tropical:) [The man ate some food] in consequence of which] he became fat. (TA.) A2: ظَهَرَهُ He mounted it; went, or got, upon it, or upon the top of it; (S, A, * Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ; (O;) namely, a house, (S,) or a house-top, (A, Mgh, O,) and a mountain, (A,) and a wall; (O, Msb;) properly, he became upon its back: (Mgh:) and [in like manner] one says, فُلَانٌ نَجْدًا ↓ ظَهَّرَ, inf. n. تَظْهِيرٌ, Such a one mounted, or went up, upon the high region (ظَهْر) of Nejd. (O.) b2: Hence, (Mgh, Msb,) ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and بِهِ, (K,) inf. n. ظُهُورٌ (Bd in xxiv. 31) and ظَهْرٌ also, (Ham p. 301,) He overcame, conquered, subdued, overpowered, or mastered, him; gained the mastery or victory, or prevailed, over him; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) namely, his enemy; (Msb;) and in like manner, [he conquered, won, achieved, or attained, it, i. e.] a thing. (O, TA.) [The saying فُلَانٌ لَا يَظْهَرُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ is expl. in the L and TA by the words اى لا يَسْلَم, and said to be tropical: but Ibr D thinks that the correct reading is لا يُسَلِّمُ, from التَّسْلِيمُ; and that it is said of one who will not give up, or resign, what is in his hand; so that the meaning is, (tropical:) Such a one is a person whom no one will overcome in respect of that which he holds in his possession.] b3: And [hence also] ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. ظُهُورٌ, (TA,) He knew, became acquainted with, or got knowledge of, him, or it. (Msb, TA.) So in the Kur xxiv. 31, وَالطِّفْلُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَى عَوْرَاتِ النِّسَآءِ [And the young children] who have not attained knowledge of the عورات, (Bd, Jel,) meaning [pudenda, or] parts between the navel and the knee, (Jel,) of women, by reason of their want of discrimination: (Bd:) or (tropical:) who have not attained to the generative faculty; (O, Bd, * TA;) from الظُّهُورُ in the sense of الغَلَبَةُ. (Bd.) So too in the Kur [xviii. 19], إِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ If they get knowledge of you. (O, TA.) b4: And [hence] ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, (Fr, A, O, TA,) and ↓ استظهرهُ, (S, A, O, K,) (tropical:) He knew it, or learned it, by heart; namely, the Kur-án; (A, O, TA;) and he recited it by heart: (A, * TA; and so in the S and O in explanation of the latter:) or [simply] he recited it by heart; namely, the Kur-án; as also ↓ اظهرهُ: (O, K, TA:) in the copies of the K we find أَظْهَرْتُ عَلَى القُرْآنِ and أَظْهَرْتُهُ; but the former is a mistake for ظَهَرْتُ, aor. ـَ (TA.) A3: For another signification of ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, see 3.

A4: ظَهَرَ بِحَاجَتِى, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. ظَهْرٌ; (TK;) and ↓ ظهّرها, (K, TA,) in some copies of the K ظَهَرَهَا; (TA;) and ↓ اظهرها, (K,) inf. n. إِظْهَارٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اِظَّهَرَهَا, (K,) of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ; (TA;) (tropical:) He held the object of my want in little, or light, estimation, or in contempt; (S, A;) [lit.] he put it behind [his] back; (S, K;) as though he put it away, [out of his sight,] and paid no regard to it. (S, TA.) One says also, يَظْهَرُونَ بِهِمْ وَلَا يَلْتَفِتُونَ

إِلَى أَرْحَامِهِمْ [They hold them in contempt, and do not pay any regard to their ties of relationship]. (S.) b2: See also 10, in three places.

A5: ظَهَرَهُ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. ظَهْرٌ, (K,) He struck, or smote, (TA,) or hit, or hurt, (O, K,) his back. (O, K, TA.) A6: ظَهِرَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ظَهَرٌ, (O, K,) He (a man, S, O) had a complaint of his back. (S, O, K.) A7: ظَهُرَ, (JK, O, L,) or ظَهَرَ, (K, [but this is app. a mistranscription,]) inf. n. ظَهَارَةٌ, (S, O, L, K,) said of a camel, (JK, S, O,) He was, or became, strong (JK, S, O, L, K) in the back. (L, K.) 2 ظَهَّرَ see 1, near the middle: b2: and again, in the last quarter: b3: and see also 3. b4: ظهّر الثَّوْبَ [and ↓ اظهرهُ, contr. of بطّنهُ and ابطنهُ,] He faced the garment, or piece of cloth; put a facing, or an outer covering, (ظِهَارَة,) to it. (TA.) A2: See also 4, last sentence.3 ظاهرهُ, (A,) inf. n. مُظَاهَرَةٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He aided, or assisted, him; (S, A, O, Msb;) as also عَلَيْهِ ↓ ظَهَرَ. (Th, K.) And ظاهر عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, against him. (TA.) b2: ظاهر بِهِ: see 10. b3: ظاهر بَيْنَهُمَا, (K,) i. e. (TA) بَيْنَ ثَوْبَيْنِ, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) and دِرْعَيْنِ, (A, Mgh, TA,) and نَعْلَيْنِ, (TA,) i. q. طَارَقَ بَيْنَهُمَا, (S, TA,) or طَابَقَ, (A, K, TA,) i. e. (TA) He put them on, or attired himself with them, [namely, two garments, and two coats of mail, and two sandals or soles, or rather, when relating to two soles, he sewed them together,] one over, or outside, the other: (Mgh, TA:) app. from تَظَاهُرٌ in the sense of “ mutual aiding or assisting. ” (IAth.) The phrase ظاهر بِدِرْعَيْنِ requires consideration; and the ب in it should be regarded as meant to denote conjunction; not as a part of the necessary complement of the verb. (Mgh.) ظاهر الدِّرْعَ is said to signify لَأَمَ بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ [app. meaning He folded over and fastened one part of the coat of mail upon another]. (TA.) And ظاهر عَلَيْهِ جِلَالًا means He threw upon him (i. e. a horse) housings or coverings [one over another]. (TA in art. حنذ.) A2: ظاهر مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. ظِهَارٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and مُظَاهَرَةٌ; (JK, TA;) and مِنْهَا ↓ تظاهر, (A, Mgh, O, TA,) and ↓ اِظَّاهَرَ; (Mgh;) and منها ↓ تظهّر, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِظَّهَّرَ; (O, TA;) and منها ↓ ظهّر, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَظْهِيرٌ; (S;) signify the same; (O;) He said to his wife أَنْتِ عَلَىَّ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّى

[Thou art to me like the back of my mother]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) [as though he said رُكُوبُكِ حَرَامٌ عَلَىَّ;] meaning رُكُوبُكِ لِلنِّكَاحِ حَرَامٌ عَلَىَّ كَرُكُوبِ أُمِّى لِلنِّكَاحِ; the back being specified in preference to the بَطْن or فَخِذ or فَرْج because the woman is likened to a beast that is ridden, and the act of نِكَاح to that of رُكُوب: the phrase being a form of divorce used by the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance. (Msb, * TA.) In the Kur lviii. 2 [and 4], some read ↓ يَظَّهَّرُونَ; some

↓ يَظَّاهَرُونَ; and 'Ásim read يُظَاهِرُونَ. (Bd.) The verb is made trans. by means of مِن because the man who uttered this sentence estranged himself from his wife. (IAth.) 4 اظهرهُ He made it apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, plain, or evident; he showed, exhibited, manifested, displayed, discovered, revealed, or evinced, it; or put it forth: (S, O, K:) [it is also used in relation to a saying, and an action, and the like, as meaning it showed, &c., as above, or it bespoke, it:] and Mtr relates his having heard from one worthy of reliance of the people of Baghdád, that they say ↓ تظاهرتُ بِهِ in the place of أَظْهَرْتُهُ, and scarcely ever employ اظهر in its usual sense. (Har p. 85.) [Hence, اظهر التَّضْعِيفَ He made the doubling of a letter distinct; as in لَحِحَتْ; which, accord. to a general rule, should be لَحَّتْ: opposed to أَدْغَمَ. And اظهر لَهُ كَذَا He showed, &c., to him such a thing: and he made a show of, professed, pretended, or feigned, to him such a thing: as, for instance, love.] b2: أَظْهَرْتُ بِفُلَانٍ means أَعْلَيْتُ بِهِ [a phrase which I have not found except in this instance, app. I elevated, or exalted, such a one: like أَعْلَيْتُهُ, which has this meaning]: (S, IKtt, L, TA:) or أَعْلَنْتُ بِهِ [app. meaning I made such a one to be, or become, publicly known]: (So in the O:) [but the former explanation seems to be regarded by SM as the right; for he remarks that,] accord. to all the copies of the K, the explanation is أَعْلَنَ بِهِ, and refers to ظَهَرَ بِفُلَانٍ

[instead of أَظْهَرَ]; so that what its author says in this case differs in two points of view from what is found in the “ Kitáb el-Abniyeh ” of IKtt, in which the ى in أَعْلَيْتُ has been marked as correct, and in the L [as well as in the S]. (TA.) A2: اظهرهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ means God made him to overcome, conquer, subdue, overpower, master, gain the victory over, or prevail over, his enemy. (S, A, O, TA.) b2: And [hence] اظهرهُ عَلَيْهِ He (God) made him to know it, or become acquainted with it: you say, أَظْهَرَنِى اللّٰهُ عَلَى مَا سُرِقَ مِنِّى God made me to know [or discover] what had been stolen from me. (TA.) A3: See also 1, last quarter, in two places.

A4: And see 2.

A5: اظهر signifies also He entered upon the time called the ظَهِيرَة: (A, Msb, K:) or the time called the ظُهْر. (Msb.) And He went, or journeyed, in the time called the ظَهِيرَة; as also ↓ ظهّر, (K,) inf. n. تَظْهِيرٌ: (TA:) or the time called the ظُهْر. (S, O.) 5 تظهّر and اِظَّهَّرَ: see 3, latter half, in three places.6 تَظَاْهَرَ see 1, first sentence: b2: and see also 4, first sentence. b3: تظاهروا They aided, or assisted, one another. (S, O, * K.) And تظاهروا عَلَى فُلَانٍ

They leagued together, and aided one another, against such a one. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA in art. ضفر.) b4: Also They regarded, or treated, one another with enmity, or hostility; or severed themselves, one from another: (S, Msb, K:) as though they turned their backs, one upon another: (S:) or, because they who do so turn their backs, one upon another. (Msb.) Thus the verb has two contr. meanings. (K.) b5: تظاهر مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ and اِظَّاهَرَ: see 3, latter half, in three places.8 اِظَّهَرَ: see 1, last quarter.10 استظهر بِهِ He sought aid, or assistance, in, or by means of, him, or it, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) عَلَيْهِ [against him, or it]; as also استظهرهُ. (TA.) [In the CK, after the explanation of استظهر به, is an omission, to be supplied by the insertion of وَقَرَأَهُ.] One says, استظهر بِالْغِنَى عَلَى النَّوَائِبِ [He sought aid in wealth against calamities, or afflictions]. (Msb.) And بِهِ ↓ ظاهر signifies the same as استظهر [in this sense or in another of the senses expl. in what follows]. (TA.) b2: and استظهرتُ بِالشَّىْءِ, and بِهِ ↓ ظَهَرْتُ, and ↓ ظَهَرْتُهُ, I put the thing behind my back for protection, or security. (Har p. 265.) b3: And استظهر He prepared for himself a camel, or two camels, or more, for future need: (T:) and استظهرهُ, and بِهِ ↓ ظَهَرَ, He prepared him, namely, a camel, for future need: (K:) and استظهر بِبَعِيرَيْنِ ظِهْرِيَّيْنِ He prepared for himself two camels for future need. (T. [See ظِهْرِىٌّ.]) b4: Hence, (T,) استظهر signifies also He used precaution (T, Msb) with respect to anything: (T:) he secured himself, (اِسْتَوْثَقَ,) by using precaution; as, for instance, a woman does by remaining three days, before she performs the ablution termed غُسْل, and prays, after the usual period of the menses. (T, L.) One says, يُسْتَحَبُّ الاِسْتِظْهَارُ بِغَسْلَةٍ ثَانِيَةٍ

وَثَالِثَةٍ The using precaution by a second and a third washing, to make sure of being pure, is approved. (Er-Ráfi'ee, Msb.) And استظهرتُ فِى طَلَبِ الشَّىْءِ I adopted the most fit, or proper, way, and used precaution, in seeking to attain the thing. (Msb.) b5: See also 1, in the middle of the latter half.

ظَهْرٌ The back; contr. of بَطْنٌ: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) in a man, from the hinder part of the كَاهِل [or base of the neck] to the nearest part of the buttocks, where it terminates: (TA:) in a camel, the part containing six vertebræ on the right and left of which are [two portions of flesh and sinew called the] مَتْنَانِ: (AHeyth, T, O:) of the masc. gender: (Lh, A, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَظْهُرٌ, and [of mult.] ظُهُورٌ and ظُهْرَانٌ. (Msb, K.) b2: رَجُلٌ خَفِيفُ الظَّهْرِ (tropical:) A man having a small household to maintain: and ثَقِيلُ الظَّهْرِ (tropical:) having a large household to maintain. (K, * TA.) b3: أَنْت عَلَىَّ كَظَهْرِ

أُمِّى Thou art to me like the back of my mother: said by a man to his wife. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [This has been expl. above: see 3.] b4: عَدَا فِى

ظَهْرِهِ (tropical:) He stole what was behind him: (A:) [or he acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind him: for] لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ is expl. by the words عَدَا فِى ظَهْرٍ فَسَرَقَهُ [so that it app. means (tropical:) A thief who has acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind one, and stolen it]. (O, K.) b5: أَقْرَانُ الظَّهْرِ (S, O, K) and الظُّهُورِ (O, TA) Adversaries who come to one from behind his back, in war, or fight. (S, O, K, * TA.) In the copies of the K, يُحِبُّونَكَ is erroneously put for يَجِيؤُونَكَ. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ قِرْنُ الظَّهْرِ Such a one is an adversary who comes to one from behind, unknown. (IAar, As.) b6: قَتَلَهُ ظَهْرًا He slew him unexpectedly; he assassinated him; syn. غِيلَةٌ. (IAar, TA.) b7: جَعَلَنِى بِظَهْرٍ (tropical:) He cast me off. (TA.) And جَعَلتُ حَاجَتَهُ بِظَهْرٍ (tropical:) I cast his want behind my back: (AO, K:) and ↓ جَعَلَهَا ظِهْرِيَّةً signifies the same: (S:) and ↓ اِتَّخَذَهَا ظِهْرِيًّا, (K,) and ↓ ظِهْرِيَّةً: (TA:) or the former of the last two phrases signifies he held it in contempt; as though ظهريّا were an irreg. rel. n. from ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) or ↓ اِتَّخَذَهُ ظِهْرِيًّا signifies he neglected, or forgot, (S, O, * Msb,) him, as in the Kur xi. 94, (S, O,) or it, namely, what was said. (Msb.) And لَا تَجْعَلْ حَاجَتِى

بِظَهْرٍ (tropical:) Forget not thou, or neglect not, my want: (S:) and ↓ جَعَلَهُ ظِهْرِيًّا signifies he forgot it; as well as جعله بِظَهْرٍ. (A.) And جَعَلْتُ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ بِظَهْرٍ, and رَمَيْتُهُ بِظَهْرٍ, (tropical:) I cared not for this thing. (Th, O.) b8: فُلَانٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ الظَّهْرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is of those who do not belong to us: or of those to whom no regard is paid: (TA:) or of those who are held in contempt, and to whose ties of relationship no regard is paid. (S, TA.) b9: هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ ظَهْرًا (tropical:) [He is his cousin on the father's side,] distantly related: contr. of دِنْيًا [and لَحًّا]. (As, A, O, TA.) b10: رَجَعَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ [He receded, retired, or retreated]. (K in art. ثبجر.) b11: هُوَ نَازِلٌ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْهِمْ, and ↓ بين ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) in which latter the ا and ن are said by some to be added for corroboration, (Msb,) and for which one should not say ظَهْرَانِيهِمْ, (IF, S, O, Msb, K,) and بين أَظْهُرِهِمْ, (Msb, K,) (tropical:) He is making his abode in the midst of them; in the main body of them: (K, TA:) originally meaning he is making his abode among them for the purpose of seeking aid of them and staying himself upon them: as though it meant that the back of one of them was before him, and that of another behind him, so that he was defended in either direction: afterwards, by reason of frequency of usage, it came to be employed to signify abiding among a people absolutely. (IAth, Msb.) You say also هُوَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْهِ, and ↓ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِ, meaning It (anything) is in the midst, or main part, of it, namely, another thing. (TA.) b12: لَقِيتُهُ بَيْنَ الظَّهْرَيْنِ, and ↓ بَيْنَ الظَّهْرَانَيْنِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) (tropical:) I met him during the day, (Msb,) or during the two days, (S, O, K,) or during the three days, (K,) or the days: (S, O, Msb:) from the next preceding phrase. (TA.) And أَتَيْتُهُ مَرَّةً بَيْنَ الظَّهَرْينِ (tropical:) I came to him one day: or, accord. to Aboo-Fak'as, on a day between two years. (Fr.) And اللَّيْلِ ↓ رَأَيْتُهُ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَىِ (tropical:) I saw him between nightfall and daybreak. (TA.) and النَّهَارِ ↓ جِئْتُهُ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَىِ (tropical:) [I came to him between the beginning and end of the day]. (A.) b13: تَقَلَّبَ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (assumed tropical:) It turned over and over, or upside down, (lit. back for belly,) as a serpent does upon ground heated by the sun. (S and TA in art. قلب.) [Hence,] قَلَبْتُ الأَرْضَ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (tropical:) [I turned the earth over, upside-down]. (A.) And [hence,] قَلَّبَ أَمْرَهُ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ, (O, * TA,) and ظَهْرَهُ لِبَطْنٍ, and ظَهْرَهُ لِبَطْنِهِ, and ظَهْرَهُ لِلْبَطْنِ, which last form is preferred by El-Farezdak to the second, because [as in the third form] the second of the two words is determinate like the first word, (tropical:) He meditated, or managed, the affair with forecast, and well. (O, * TA.) b14: The Arabs used to say, هٰذَا ظَهْرُ السَّمَآءِ and هذا بَطْنُ السَّمَآءِ, both meaning (tropical:) This is the apparent, visible, part of the sky. (Fr, Az.) And the like is said of the side of a wall, which is its بَطْن to a person on the same side, and its ظَهْر to one on the other side. (Az.) b15: مَا نَزَلَ مِنَ القُرْآنِ آيَةٌ إِلَّا لَهَا ظَهْرٌ وَبَطْنٌ, [part of] a saying of Mohammad, [of which see the rest voce مُطَّلَعٌ,] means (assumed tropical:) Not a verse of the Kur-án has come down but it has a verbal expression and an interpretation: (K, * TA:) or a verbal expression and a meaning: or that which has an apparent and a known [or an exoteric] interpretation and that which has an intrinsic [or esoteric] interpretation: (TA:) or narration (K, TA) and admonition: (TA:) or [it is to be read and to be understood and taught; for] by the ظهر is meant the reading; and by the بطن, the understanding and teaching. (TA.) [See also بَطْنٌ.] b16: ظَهْرٌ signifies also (tropical:) Camels on which people ride, and which carry goods; (S, * A, * O, K, * TA;) camels that carry burdens upon their backs in journeying: (TA:) [or] a beast: or a camel for riding: (Mgh:) pl. ظُهْرَانٌ. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Arfajeh, فَتَنَاوَلَ السَّيْفَ مِنَ الظَّهْرِ And he reached, or took in his hand, the sword from the camels for carrying burdens and for riding: and in another, أَتَأْذَنُ لَنَا فِى نَحْرِ ظَهْرِنَا Dost thou permit us to slaughter our camels which we ride? (TA.) And one says also, هُوَ عَلَى ظَهْرٍ (tropical:) He is determined upon travel: (K:) as though he had already mounted a beast for that purpose. (TA.) b17: [Hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) Property consisting of camels and sheep or goats: (TA:) or much property. (K, TA.) b18: (assumed tropical:) The short side [or lateral half] of a feather: (S, O, K:) pl. ظُهْرَانٌ: (S, M, K, TA, &c.:) opposed to بَطْنٌ, sing. of بُطْنَانٌ, (TA,) which latter signifies the “ long sides: ” (S, TA:) and ↓ ظُهَارٌ signifies the same as ظَهْرٌ, (K,) or the same as ظُهْرَانٌ, being an irregular pl.; and this is meant by the saying الظُّهَارُ بِالضَّمِ الجَمَاعَةُ, mentioned in a later place in the K [in such a manner as to have led to the supposition that ظُهَارٌ is also syn. with جَمَاعَةٌ]: (TA:) AO says that among the feathers of arrows are the ظُهَار, which are those that are put [upon an arrow] of the ظَهْر [or outer side] of the عَسِيب [app. here meaning the shaft] of the feather; (S, TA;) i. e., the shorter side, which is the best kind of feather; as also ظُهْرَان: sing. ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) ISd says that the ظُهْرَان are those parts of the feathers of the wing that are exposed to the sun and rain: (TA:) Lth says that the ظُهَار are those parts of the feathers of the wing that are apparent. (O, TA.) One says, رِشْ سَهْمَكَ بِظُهْرَانٍ وَلَا تَرِشْهُ بِبُطْنَانٍ

[Feather thine arrow with short sides of feathers, and feather it not with long sides of feathers]. (S, TA.) [De Sacy supposes that ظُهُورٌ and بُطُونٌ are also pls. of ظَهْرٌ and بَطْنٌ thus used: (see his “ Chrest. Arabe,” sec. ed., tome ii., p.

374:) but his reasons do not appear to me to be conclusive.] ↓ ظُهَارٌ and ظُهْرَانٌ are also used as epithets: you say, رِيشٌ ظُهَارٌ and رِيشٌ ظُهْرَانٌ. (TA.) b19: [ظَهْرُ الكَفِّ and ↓ ظَاهِرُهَا mean (assumed tropical:) The back of the hand. And in like manner, ظَهْرُ القَدَمِ and ↓ ظَاهِرُهَا mean (assumed tropical:) The upper, or convex, side, or back, of the human foot, corresponding to the back of the hand, including the instep: opposed to بَطْن and بَاطِن. And ظَهْرُ اللِّسَانِ means (assumed tropical:) The upper surface of the tongue.] b20: And ظَهْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) A way by land. (S, M, O, Msb, K.) This expression is used when there is a way by land and a way by sea. (M.) You say, سَارُوا فِى طَرِيقِ الظَّهْرِ (tropical:) They journeyed by land. (A.) b21: And (assumed tropical:) An elevated tract of land or ground; as also ↓ ظَاهِرةٌ: (A:) or rugged and elevated land or ground; (JK, K;) as also ↓ ظَاهِرَةٌ: (JK:) opposed to بَطْنٌ, which signifies “ soft and plain and fine and low land or ground: ” (TA:) and ↓ ظَوَاهِرُ [pl. of. ظَاهِرَةٌ] signifies (assumed tropical:) elevated tracts of land or ground: (S, K:) you say, هَاجَتْ ظَوَاهِرُ الأَرْضِ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) the herbs, or leguminous plants, of the elevated tracts of land, or ground, dried up: (As, S, L:) and ↓ ظَاهِرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the higher, or highest, part of a mountain; (ISh, L, TA;) whether its exterior be plain or not: (TA:) and ↓ ظَاهِرَةٌ, the same, of anything: (L:) when you have ascended upon the ظَهْر of a mountain, you are upon its ظَاهِرَة. (TA.) b22: سَالَ وَادِيهِمْ ظَهْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Their valley flowed with the rain of their own land: opposed to دُرْءًا, meaning, “from other rain: ” (IAar, O, K: *) or the former signifies their valley flowed with its own rain: and the latter, “with other than its own rain: ” (TA:) and some say ↓ ظُهْرًا, which Az thinks the better form. (O, TA.) b23: [Hence, probably,] أَصَبْتُ مِنْهُ مَطَرَ ظَهْرٍ (assumed tropical:) I obtained from him, or it, much good. (Sgh, O, K.) b24: And another signification of ظَهْرٌ is What is absent, or hidden, or concealed, from one. (O, K.) b25: It is sometimes prefixed to another noun to give plainness and force to the expression; as in ظَهْرُ الغَيْبِ and ظَهْرُ القَلْبِ, meaning نَفْسُ الغَيْبِ and نَفْسُ القَلْبِ: (Msb:) or it is redundant in these instances. (Mgh.) Lebeed says, describing a [wild] cow going about after a beast of prey that had eaten her young one, وَتَسَمَّعَتْ رِزَّ الأَنِيسِ فَرَاعَهَا عَنْ ظَهْرِ غَيْبٍ وَالأَنِيسُ سَقَامُهَا [And she heard the sound of man, and it frightened her, from a place that concealed what was in it; for man is her malady; i. e., a cause of pain and trouble and death to her]: (TA:) meaning, she heard the sound of the hunters, &c. (TA in art. غيب.) And you say, تَنَاوَلَهُ بِظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ بِمَا يَسُوؤُهُ He carped at him behind the back, or in absence, by saying what would grieve him. (TA in art. غيب.) And تَكَلَّمْتُ بِهِ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ (A, O) or عن ظَهْرِ غَيْبٍ (TA) [app., (tropical:) I spoke it by memory; in the absence of a book or the like; as one says in modern Arabic, عَلَى الغَائِب. See also غَيْبٌ.] And قَرَأَهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ القَلْبِ (tropical:) He recited it by heart, or memory; without book: (L, K: [in the latter, مِنْ is put in the place of عَنْ; but the right reading is that in the L: and in the CK is an omission here, to be supplied by the insertion of وَقَرَأَهُ:]) and ↓ قرأه ظَاهِرًا and قرأه عَلَى

ظَهْرِ لِسَانِهِ [signify the same]. (K.) And حَمَلَ القُرْآنَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ لِسَانِهِ like حَفِظَهُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَلْبِهِ (tropical:) [He knew the Kur-án by heart]. (A, * O, TA.) b26: One says also, فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ يَدِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one eats at the expense of such a one. (A, O, K. *) And in like manner, الفُقَرَآءُ يَأْكُلُونَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ أَيْدِى النَّاسِ (tropical:) The poor eat at the expense of the people. (A, TA.) And أَعْطَاهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ يَدٍ (tropical:) He gave him originally; without compensation. (O, * K; but in some copies of the K we find مِنْ in the place of عَنْ.) It is said [in a trad.], أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى (tropical:) The most excellent of alms is that which is [derived] from competence; ظهر: (Msb:) or simply عَنْ غِنًى, the word ظهر being here redundant: (Mgh:) or from manifest competence upon which one relies, and in which he seeks aid against calamities, or afflictions: or from what remains after fight: (Msb:) or from superfluous property. (TA.) A2: See also ظَهِيرٌ

A3: قِدْرُ ظَهْرٍ means (assumed tropical:) An old cooking-pot: (O, K: *) pl. قُدُورُ ظُهُورٍ: (O:) as though, because of its oldness, it were thrown behind the back. (TA.) ظُهْرٌ Midday, or noon: (IAth, TA:) or the time when the sun declines from the meridian: (Msb, * K, * O, * TA:) or [the time immediately] after the declining of the sun: (S, Mgh:) masc. and fem.; unless when the word صَلَاة is prefixed to it, in which case it is fem. only: (Msb:) [pl. أَظْهَارٌ. See also ظَهِيرَةٌ.] صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ means The prayer [i. e. the divinely-ordained prayer] of midday, or noon: (IAth, TA:) or of the time after the declining of the sun. (S, O.) In the phrases أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ [Defer ye the prayer of midday until the cooler time of day] and صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ [He performed the prayer of midday], the prefixed noun (صَلَاة) is suppressed. (Mgh.) A2: سَالَ وَادِيهِمْ ظُهْرًا: see ظَهْرٌ, last quarter.

ظَهِرٌ, (S,) or ↓ ظَهِيرٌ, (K,) [the former agreeable with analogy, being derived from ظَهِرَ,] A man (S,) having a complaint of the back: (S, K:) or having a pain in the back: as also ↓ مَظْهُورٌ. (O, TA.) ظُهْرَةٌ: see ظَهِيرٌ, in three places.

A2: Also The tortoise. (O, K.) ظِهْرَةٌ: see ظَهِيرٌ, in six places.

ظَهَرَةٌ The goods, or furniture and utensils, of a house or tent; (IAar, S, O, K, TA;) as also أَهَرَةٌ: (IAar, TA:) or the former signifies the exterior of a house, or tent; and the latter, the “ interior thereof. ” (Th, TA.) b2: And Abundance of مَال [i. e. property, or cattle]. (TA.) A2: See also ظَهِيرٌ.

ظِهْرِىٌّ A camel prepared for future need; (T, S, O, K;) taken, by way of precaution, to bear the burden of any camel that may happen to fail in a journey: sometimes two or more unladen camels are taken for this purpose: some say that such a camel is thus called because its owner puts it behind his back, not riding it nor putting any burden upon it: (T, TA:) the word appears to be an irreg. rel. n. from ظَهْرٌ: (ISd, TA:) pl. ظَهَارِىٌّ, imperfectly decl., because the rel. ى

retains its place in the sing. [inseparably; there being no such word as ظِهْر: but if it be a rel. n., this pl. is irreg., like مَهَارِىٌّ]. (S, O, K.) b2: See ظَهْرٌ, first quarter, in five places, for examples of ظِهْرِىٌّ and ظِهْرِيَّةٌ used tropically.

ظُهْرَان [app. ظُهْرَانٌ (which is also a pl. of ظَهْرٌ used in several senses), or, perhaps ظُهْرَانِ, as having a dual meaning,] The upper, thick, pair of wings of the locust. (AHn, TA.) b2: [See also ظَهْرٌ.]

بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ, and ظَهْرَانَيْهِ, and الظَّهْرَانَيْنِ, &c.: see ظَهْرٌ, former half, in five places.

ظَهَارٌ The exterior (K, TA) and elevated (TA) part of a [stony tract such as is called] حَرَّة. (K, TA.) ظُهَارٌ Pain in the back. (Az, O, TA.) A2: See also ظَهْرٌ, third quarter, in two places.

ظَهِيرٌ: see ظَاهِرٌ.

A2: Also An aider, or assistant; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) and so ↓ ظِهْرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ ظُهْرَةٌ: (K:) [in one place, in the K, ظِهْرَةٌ is expl. by عَوْن; but by this is meant, as will be seen below, the same as is meant by مُعِين, by which all the three words are expl. in another place in the K, as well as in the S &c.:] and aiders, or assistants; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ ظِهْرَةٌ and ↓ ظُهْرَةٌ and ↓ ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) the pl. of ظَهِيرٌ is ظُهَرَآءُ. (O.) It is said in the Kur [xxv. 57], وَكَانَ الكَافِرُ عَلَى رَبِّهِ ظَهِيرًا And the unbeliever is an aider of the enemies of God [against his Lord]. (Ibn-'Arafeh.) You say also, فُلَانٌ عَلَى فُلَانٍ ↓ ظِهْرَتِى Such a one is my aider (عَوْن) against such a one: and عَلَى هٰذَا ↓ أَنَا ظِهْرَتُكَ الأَمْرِ I am thine aider against this thing, or affair. (S, O.) And it is also said in the Kur [lxvi. 4], وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ [And the angels after that will be his aiders]: and instance of ظهير in a pl. sense: (S, O, Msb:) for words of the measures فَعُولٌ and فَعِيلٌ are sometimes masc. and fem. [and sing.] and pl. (S.) You also say, ↓ جَآءَ فُلَانٌ فِى ظِهْرَتِهِ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ ظُهْرَتِهِ, (A, K,) and ↓ ظَهَرَتِهِ, and ↓ ظَاهِرَتِهِ, (K,) Such a one came among his people, (S,) or kinsfolk, (K,) and those who performed his affairs for him, (S, A,) i. e., his aiders, or assistants. (A.) And وَاحِدَةٍ ↓ هُمْ فِى ظِهْرَةٍ They aid one another against the enemies. (TA.) b2: Also Strong in the back; (K;) sound therein: (Lth:) and so ↓ مُظَهَّرٌ: (S, O, K:) applied to a man: (S:) or hard and strong; whether in the back or any other part is not said: (TA:) in this sense, (TA,) or as signifying strong, (S, O,) applied to a camel: fem. with ة. (S, O, TA.) b3: Also A camel whose back is not used, on account of galls, or sores, upon it: or unsound in the back by reason of galls, or sores, or from some other cause. (Th.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (TA.) A3: See also ظَهِرٌ.

ظِهَارَةٌ [The facing, or outer covering, or] what is uppermost, (TA,) what is apparent (Msb, TA) to the eye, (Msb,) not next the body, of a garment; (TA;) and in like manner, what is uppermost and apparent, not next the ground, of a carpet; (TA;) as also ↓ ظَاهِرَةٌ: (JK:) contr. of بِطَانَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. ظَهَائِرُ. (TA.) ظَهِيرَةٌ The point of midday: (M, A, K:) or only in summer: (M, K:) or i. q. هَاجِرَةٌ [i. e. midday in summer or when the heat is vehement: or the period from a little before, to a little after, midday in summer: or midday, when the sun declines from the meridian, at the ظُهْر: or from its declining until the عَصْر]: (S, O, TA:) or the هَاجِرَة, which is when the sun declines from the meridian: (Msb:) or the vehement heat of midday: (IAth, TA:) or i. q. ظُهْرٌ [q. v.]: (Az, TA:) pl. ظَهَائِرُ. (TA.) You say, أَتْيْتُهُ حَدَّ الظَّهِيرَةِ [I came to him at the point of midday in summer; &c.]: and حِينَ قَامَ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ [when the sun had become high, and the shade had almost disappeared: so expl. in art. قوم]. (S, O.) and أَبْرِدْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ Stay thou until the middayheat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool. (L in art. فيح.) And hence, in a trad. of 'Omar, when a man came to him complaining of gout in the feet, he said, كَذَبَتْكَ الظَّهَائِرُ, meaning Take thou to walking during the heat of the middays in summer. (TA.) ظُهَارِيَّةٌ One of the modes of seizing [and throwing down] in wrestling: or i. q. شَغْزَبِيَّةٌ: (K:) the twisting one's leg with the leg of another in the manner that is termed شَغْزَبِيَّة, and so throwing him down: one says, أَخَذَهُ الظُّهَارِيَّةَ and الشَّغْزَبِيَّةَ [He seized him and threw him down by the trick above described]: both signify the same: (ISh, O:) or ظُهَارِيَّةٌ signifies the throwing one down upon the back. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And (hence, as being likened thereto, TA) (tropical:) A certain mode, or manner, of compressing, or coïtus. (O, K, TA.) b3: And أَوْثَقَهُ الظُّهَارِيَّةَ He bound his hands behind his back. (Ibn-Buzurj, O, K, TA.) ظَاهِرٌ [Outward, exterior, external, extrinsic, or exoteric: and hence, appearing, apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, conspicuous, ostensible, plain, or evident: in all these senses] contr. of بَاطِنٌ: (S, K, TA:) and so ↓ ظَهِيرٌ. (TA.) [Hence, ظَاهِرًا Outwardly, &c.: and apparently; &c.: and فِى الظَّاهِرِ in appearance. And الظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ كَذَا It appears, or it seems, or what seems to be the case is, that it is so, or thus. And ظَاهِرُ كَذَا for ظَاهِرٌ فِيهِ كَذَا, meaning A person, or thing, in whom, or in which, such a quality is apparent, or manifest, &c.: see an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. طعن.] See also مُظْهَرٌ. b2: [Hence also,] عَيْنٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ A prominent eye; (S, O, K, TA;) that fills its cavity. (TA.) b3: And هٰذَا

أَمْرٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَنْكَ عَارُهُ (tropical:) This is a thing, or an affair, of which the disgrace is remote from thee: (S, TA:) or does not cleave to thee. (TA.) and هٰذَا عَيْبٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَنْكَ (tropical:) This is a vice, or fault, that does not cleave to thee. (A.) A poet says, (namely, Kutheiyir, accord. to a copy of the S, or Aboo-Dhu-eyb, TA,) وَعَيَّرَهَا الوَاشُونَ أَنِّى أُحِبُّهَا وَتِلْكَ شَكَاةٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَنْكَ عَارُهَا (tropical:) [And the slanderers taunted her with the fact of my loving her; but that is a fault of which the disgrace is remote from thee]. (S, TA.) b4: [الظَّاهِرُ also signifies The outside, or exterior, of a thing. You say, نَزَلَ ظَاهِرَ المَدِينَةِ He alighted, or took up his abode, outside the city: comp. ظَاهِرَةٌ. Hence,] ظَاهِرُ الكَفِّ and ظَاهِرُ القَدَمِ; and another signification of ظَاهِرٌ: for all of which see ظَهْرٌ, third quarter. b5: [Also The external, outward, or extrinsic, state, condition, or circumstances, of a man: and the outward, or apparent, character, or disposition of the mind: opposed to البَاطِنُ.] b6: One says also, فُلَانٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَلَى فُلَانٍ Such a one has the ascendancy, or mastery, over such a one; is conqueror of him, or victorious over him. (TA.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ ظَاهِرٌ بِكَ This is a thing, or an affair, that overcomes, or overpowers, thee. (TA.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ

أَنْتَ بِهِ ظَاهِرٌ This is an affair which thou hast power to do. (TA.) [And هُوَ ظَاهِرٌ عَلَى كَذَا He is a conqueror, a winner, an achiever, or an attainer, of such a thing: see an ex. voce غَرَبٌ, near the end.] And الظَّاهِرُ is one of the names of God, meaning The Ascendant, or Predominant, over all things: or, as some say, He who is known -by inference of the mind from what appears to mankind of the effects of his actions and his attributes. (IAth, TA.) b7: حَاجَتُهُ عِنْدَكَ ظَاهِرَةٌ means (tropical:) His want is in thine estimation [an object of contempt, or neglect, as though] cast behind the back. (O, * TA.) b8: قَرَأَهُ ظَاهِرًا: see ظَهْرٌ, towards the end of the paragraph.

A2: شَآءٌ ظَوَاهِرُ Sheep, or goats, that come to the water every day at noon. (TA.) ظَاهِرَةٌ as a subst.; and its pl. ظَوَاهِرُ: see ظَهْرٌ, in four places, in the third quarter of the paragraph. [Hence,] قُرَيْشُ الظَّوَاهِرِ Those, of Kureysh, that dwell in the exterior of Mekkeh, (O,) upon the mountains thereof, (K, * TA,) or upon the higher parts of Mekkeh: (TA:) those who dwell in the lower parts are called قُرَيْشُ البِطَاحِ; (O, * TA;) and these are the more honourable, (O, TA, *) because they are neighbours of the House of God. (O.) b2: See also ظِهَارَةٌ.

A2: And see ظَهِيرٌ.

A3: Also The coming of camels, (S, O, K, TA,) and of sheep or goats, (TA,) to the water every day, at noon. (S, O, K, TA.) One says, of camels, [and of sheep or goats,] تَرِدُ الظَّاهِرَةَ [They come to the water every day, at noon]: and Sh says that they return from the water at the عَصْر. (TA.) And شَرِبَ الفَرَسُ ظَاهِرَةً The horse drank every day, at noon. (TA.) ظَاهِرَةُ الغِبِّ [The coming to the water at noon on alternate days] is for sheep or goats; scarcely ever, or never, for camels; and is a little shorter [in the interval] than what is called [simply] الغِبُّ. (O, TA.) مَظْهَرٌ i. q. مَصْعَدٌ [i. e. A place of ascent, or a place to which one ascends]; (O, K; in some copies of the latter of which, both words are erroneously written with damm to the م; TA;) and دَرَجَةٌ [as meaning a degree, grade, rank, condition, or station, or an exalted, or a high, grade, &c.]: (O:) used by En-Nábighah ElJaadee as meaning Paradise. (O, TA.) مُظْهَرٌ Made apparent, &c. b2: And hence, as also ↓ ظَاهِرٌ, but the former more commonly, applied to a noun, Explicit; and, elliptically, an explicit noun; opposed to مُضْمَرٌ and ضَمِيرٌ (a concealed noun, i. e. a pronoun); and to مُبْهَمٌ (a noun of vague signification).]

مُظْهِرٌ Possessing camels for riding or for carrying goods: pl. مُظْهِرُونَ. (S, * K, * TA.) A2: and A camel made to sweat by the ظَهِيرَة [or vehement heat of midday in summer]. (Sgh, K, TA.) and accord. to As, one says, ↓ أَتَانَا فُلَانٌ مُظَهِّرًا, meaning Such a one came to us in the time of the ظَهِيرَة [or midday in summer, &c.]: but accord. to A 'Obeyd, others say مُظْهِرًا, without teshdeed; and this is the proper form: (S) or both mean, in the time of the ظُهْر. (O.) مُظَهَّرٌ: see ظَهِيرٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

مُظَهِّرٌ: see مُظْهِرٌ.

مُظْهُورٌ pass. part. n. of ظَهَرَ [q. v.]. b2: See also ظَهِرٌ. Quasi ظور 3 ظَاوِرْ, occurring in a trad. for ظَائِرْ: see 3 in art. ظأر.

صفن

1 صَفَنَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. صُفُونٌ, said of a horse, He stood upon three legs and the extremity of the hoof of the fourth leg; (Az, * S, K, TA;) [thus expl.] without restriction to a fore leg or a hind leg: (TA:) or he stood upon three legs, and turned back the extremity of the fore part of the fourth hoof, that of his fore leg: (M, TA:) [or he stood upon three legs, and otherwise: (see صَافِنٌ:)] accord. to Fr, the poems of the Arabs indicate that صُفُونٌ signifies peculiarly, or specially, [or simply,] the act of standing, or standing still. (TA.) b2: Also, (M, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, Msb,) said of a man, (K,) or صَفَنَ قَدَمَيْهِ, (TA, from a trad.,) meaning صَفَّ قَدَمَيْهِ [He set his feet evenly, side by side], (M, Msb, K, TA,) standing, (Msb,) and praying. (TA.) [Or, said of a man standing in prayer, it signifies, or in this case it signifies also, He put his feet close together: or he turned one of his feet backward, like as the horse turns one hoof when standing upon three legs: see, again, صَافِنٌ.]

A2: صَفَنَ الحَشِيشَ (M, TA) وَالوَرَقَ, aor. ـِ (M,) inf. n. صَفْنٌ, said of a bird, or flying thing, It compacted the dry herbage (M, TA) and the leaves, [to make a habitation,] for its young ones, (M,) or around its place of entrance [into its habitation]; (TA;) and ↓ صفّنهُ signifies the same: (M:) ↓ تَصْفِينٌ as the act of the hornet and the like is the compacting for itself, or for its young ones, a habitation (K, TA) of dry herbage and of leaves: so says Lth. (TA.) b2: And صَفَنَ ثِيَابَهُ He collected together his clothes (JM, TA) فِى سَرْجِهِ [upon his saddle], (TA,) or فِى السَّرْجِ وَنَحْوِهِ [upon the saddle and the like thereof]. (JM.) b3: صَفَنَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَفْنٌ, (TA,) He flung him, or it, upon the ground. (K, TA.) A3: And صَفَنَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. صَفْنٌ, He rent, or slit, his صَفَن, i. e. scrotum. (M.) 2 صفّن, and its inf. n.: see 1, in two places.3 مُصَافَنَةٌ The standing confronting a people, or party. (TA.) A2: [Also The dividing of water among a people, or party, in the manner described in the next paragraph:] one says, صَافَنَ المَآءَ بَيْنَ

↓ القَوْمِ فَأَعْطَانِى صَفْنَةً i. e. مَقْلَةً [for جُرْعَةَ مَقْلَةٍ, the meaning being He divided the water in that manner among the people, or party, and gave me a gulp as much as would cover a pebble in the bottom of a vessel]. (TA.) 6 تصافنوا المَآءَ, (AA, S, M, K,) said of people in a journey and having little water, (M,) They divided the water among themselves (AA, S, M, K) by shares, (S, K,) by means of the pebble, (AA, S, M,) which they threw into the vessel to pour the water into it, (AA,) giving to each of them as much as would cover the pebble. (AA, S.) See also 6 in art. حذى.

صَفْنٌ [if not a mistake for صُفْنٌ, q. v.,] signifies The [round piece of skin, or leather, in which food is put, and upon which people eat; commonly called] سُفْرَة; as also ↓ صَفْنَةٌ: (K:) the latter is expl. by AA and IAar as a سُفْرَة that is gathered together by a [running] string [near the edge, by means of which it is converted into a bag, agreeably with a modern custom]. (TA.) b2: And The [bursa faucium, or faucial bag, of the camel; commonly called] شِقْشِقَة; as also ↓ صَفْنَةٌ: (K:) so expl. by AA. (TA.) b3: See also صَفَنٌ.

صُفْنٌ A thing like the سُفْرَة [described in the next preceding paragraph], and between the عَيْبَة and the قِرْبَة, in which are [put] goods or utensils or the like: or it is of skin, or leather, (M,) [i. e.] a receptacle of skin, or leather, (S, in which it is expressly said to be with damm,) like the سُفْرَة, (S, M,) pertaining to the people of the desert, in which they put their travelling-provisions, and (M) with which (S, M) sometimes (M) water is drawn, (S, M,) like [as is done with] the دَلْو: (M:) occurring in a verse of Sakhr El-Hudhalee [cited in art. خض]: (S:) or a thing like the [small bucket, or small drinking-vessel, of skin or leather, called] رَكْوَة, (Fr, Mgh, K,) in which the ablution termed وُضُوْء is performed: (Fr, K:) or it signifies, (Mgh,) or signifies also, (K,) accord. to AA, (S,) a [pouch such as is called] خَرِيطَة, pertaining to the pastor, in which are [put] his food, and his زِنَاد [for producing fire], (S, Mgh, K,) and his other utensils or apparatus, (K,) or what other things he requires; (S, Mgh;) and sometimes water is drawn with it, like [as is done with] the دَلْو; (TA;) as also ↓ صَفْنَةٌ: (K:) or, accord. to A'Obeyd, ↓ صَفْنَةٌ signifies a thing like the عَيْبَة, in which are [put] a man's goods or utensils, and his [other] apparatus; and when the ة is elided, it is pronounced with damm [i. e.

صُفْنٌ]: (TA:) or ↓ صَفْنَةٌ, (TA,) or ↓ صُقْنَةٌ, (so in a copy of the M,) signifies a small دَلْو [or leathern bucket], having a single حَلْقَة [or ring]; and when it is large, it is called صُفْنٌ: and the pl. is أَصْفُنٌ. (M, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Water [app. considered as contained in the vessel thus called]: so expl. as used in the saying of Aboo-Du-ád, هَرَقْتُ فِى حَوْضِهِ صُفْنًا لِيَشْرَبَهُ [I poured into his drinking-trough water that he might drink it]. (TA.) b3: See also what next follows.

صَفَنٌ The scrotum (S, M, Msb, K) of a man; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ صُفْنٌ, (M,) or ↓ صَفْنٌ, (K,) and ↓ صَفْنَةٌ and ↓ صُفْنَةٌ: (M:) pl. أَصْفَانٌ (S, M, Msb) and صُفْنَانٌ. (Msb.) b2: And (tropical:) The envelope of the ear of corn: (K, TA:) so called by way of comparison [to the scrotum]. (TA.) b3: and The habitation that is compacted (M, * K, TA) by a bird, or flying thing, (M,) or by the hornet and the like, (K, TA,) of dry herbage and of leaves, (M, TA,) for its young ones, (M, K, TA,) or for itself. (K, TA.) صَفْنَةٌ: see صَفْنٌ, in two places: b2: and صُفْنٌ, in three places: b3: and صَفَنٌ: b4: and see also 3.

صُفْنَةٌ: see صُفْنٌ, latter part: b2: and صَفَنٌ.

صَافِنٌ A horse standing upon three legs and the extremity of the hoof of the fourth leg: (A'Obeyd, * S, TA:) or standing upon three legs, and turning back the extremity of the fore part of the fourth hoof, that of his fore leg: (M, TA:) or standing upon three legs, and otherwise: thus, says Fr, I have found the Arabs use the word: (TA: [see 1, first sentence:]) pl. صُفُونٌ (M, TA) and صَوَافِنُ and [the pl. of صَافِنَةٌ is] صَافِنَاتٌ. (TA.) صَافِنَاتٌ occurs in the Kur xxxviii. 30. (M, TA.) and in the same, xxii. 37, I'Ab and Ibn-Mes-'ood used to read صَوَافِنَ [instead of صَوَافَّ]; the former explaining it as meaning Having the shank of one fore leg tied up to the arm; for thus is done with the camel when he is slaughtered: the latter, as meaning standing, or standing still. (TA.) b2: And applied to a man, it means صَافٌّ قَدَمَيْهِ [setting his feet evenly, side by side], (A'Obeyd, M, TA, and the like is said in the S and Msb,) standing. (A'Obeyd, Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad., (S, M, Msb, TA,) referring to the Prophet mentioned as praying, (S, M,) قُمْنَا خَلْفَهُ صُفُونًا [app. meaning We stood behind him setting our feet evenly, side by side; for so the context seems to indicate]. (S, M, Msb, K.) [But] in another trad., صَلٰوةُ الصَّافِنِ is said to be forbidden; meaning [The praying] of him who puts his feet close together: or, as some say, of him who turns back his foot [i. e. one of his feet] like as the horse turns his hoof [i. e. one of his hoofs, when standing upon three legs]. (TA.) A2: الصَّافِنُ signifies [The saphena, or crural vein; so in the present day; i. e.] the vein of the سَاق: (S: [see أَبْهَرُ, and see also النَّسَا:]) or a vein lying deep in the arm (الذِّرَاع) [and] amid the sinews of the [fore] shank of a beast: or the صَافِنَانِ are two veins penetrating into the interior of the two shanks: or two veins in the legs: or two branches [of veins] in the two thighs: and the صافن is [strangely said to be] a vein in the interior of the back bone, extending lengthwise, uniting with the نِيَاط [q. v.] of the heart, also called the أَكْحَل. (M.)

سفد

1 سَفِدَ and سَفَدَ, (S,) or سَفِدَ عَلَى الأُنْثَى and [عَلَيْهَا] سَفَدَ, (K,) or سَفِدَهَا (M, Msb) and سَفَدَهَا, (M, A,) aor. of the former سَفَدَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and of the latter سَفِدَ, (M, K,) inf. n. سِفَادٌ (S, M, Msb) and سَفْدٌ, which are of both the verbs; (M;) and ↓ سَافَدَهَا, inf. n. سِفَادٌ; (A;) He leaped the female: (S, K:) said of a bird, (A, Msb,) &c.; (Msb;) or of any beast or bird of prey; (As, TA;) or of a quadruped and of a bird; (M, TA;) or of a goat (S, TA) and of a camel (As, S, TA) and of a bull and of a beast of prey and of a bird; (S, TA;) and, in poetry, of a swimmer [app. meaning a fish]: (M, TA:) sometimes, also, it is used to convey an allusion to الجِمَاع [relating to human beings]. (A.) 2 تَسْفِيدُ اللَّحْمِ (assumed tropical:) The arranging of the flesh-meat upon the سَفُّود, to roast: (K:) Z [app.] makes it tropical, by his derivation of سَفُّودٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) 3 سَاْفَدَ see 1: b2: and see also 6.4 اسفدهُ He made him to leap [the female]. (S, * K, * PS, TK.) b2: أَسْفِدْنِى تَيْسَكَ, mentioned by Lh, means Lend me thy he-goat in order that he may leap my she-goat: and Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt uses its pass. part. n. metaphorically in relation to the زَنْد [or piece of stick used for producing fire]; saying, وَالأَرْضُ صَيَّرَهَا الإِلٰهُ طَرُوقَةً

↓ لِلْمَآءِ حَتَّى كُلُّ زَنْدٍ مُسْفَدُ [And the land, God made it to be soaked by the water, so that every زند was lent; no man being able to go far enough to cut one for himself]. (M, TA.) 5 تسفّد فَرَسَهُ He mounted his mare from behind; (M;) as also ↓ استسفدها: (AAF, M:) or بَعِيرَهُ ↓ استسفد he came to his camel from behind, and mounted him: (IAar, K:) and [in like manner] تسفّدَهُ i. q. تَعَرْقَبَهُ, (K,) i. e. he mounted him from behind. (TA.) 6 تسافدت السِبَاعُ (S) and الطُّيُورُ, (A,) or تسافد السِبَاعُ (K) and الطُّيُورُ, (TA,) and الشِيَاهُ ↓ سافدت, (Msb, [perhaps a mistranscription for تسافدت,]) The beasts of prey [and the birds and the sheep or goats] leaped one another. (TK.) 10 إِسْتَسْفَدَ see 5, in two places.

سَفْدُ اللِقَاحِ A certain game, in which boys arrange themselves one behind another, every one laying hold upon the حُجْزَة [or uppermost part of the waist-wrapper] of his fellow, from behind him. (T in art. جعر, and TA.) سَفُودٌ A mare that is not allowed to be leaped [by the stallion] until she has completed her مُنْيَة, which is a period of twenty days. (Kr, M.) سَفُّودٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and سُفُّودٌ (M, TA) (assumed tropical:) An iron instrument, (S, M, K,) with curved prongs, (M, TA,) with which flesh-meat is roasted: (S, K:) Z makes is to be tropical, saying [in the A] that it is so called because of its adhering to that which is roasted upon it: (TA:) pl. سَفَافِيدُ. (Msb, TA.) [For instances of substs. similar to سَفُّودٌ and سُفُّودٌ, see سُبُّوحٌ.]

إِسْفَنْدٌ and إِسْفِنْدٌ Wine: (K:) the etymologists assert that its د is a substitute for the ط in إِسْفَنْطٌ, which is one of the names of wine. (TA.) مُسْفَدٌ pass. part. n. of 4, q. v.

سور

1 سَارَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, K,) inf. سُؤُورٌ, (S,) or سَوْرٌ, (M,) or both, (K,) or سَوْرَةٌ, (Mgh,) [but this last is an inf. n. of un.,] He leaped or sprang, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) إِلَيْهِ to, or towards, him, (S, M, K,) and عَلَيْهِ upon him. (A.) b2: He leaped, or sprang, [or committed an assault, upon another,] like as he does who behaves in an annoying manner towards his cup-companion in his intoxication. (TA. [See also 3.]) b3: [Hence,] سَارَ الشَّرَابُ فِى رَأْسِهِ, (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. سَوْرٌ and سُؤُورٌ (M, K) and سُوُورٌ, agreeably with the root, (M,) and سُوَارٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [The wine assaulted, or rushed into, his head]: (A:) [or] the wine circulated in his head, and rose into it: (M, K:) or سَارَ الشَّرَابُ, inf. n. سَوْرٌ and سَوْرَةٌ, the wine had an overpowering influence upon the head: (Msb:) and سَارَتْ فِيهِ حُمَيَّا الكَأْسِ the force or overpowering influence, (سَوْرَة,) [or fumes,] of the cup of wine mounted, or rose, to his head, or into his head. (TA in art. حمى.) b4: And سار, aor. as above, (assumed tropical:) He was angry. (Msb.) b5: سار, aor. as above, inf. n. سَوْرٌ, also signifies He (a man) rose, or became elevated. (M.) سُرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِى أَعَالِى السُّورِ means I rose to him [upon the upper, or uppermost, parts of the wall of the city or town &c.]. (TA.) b6: And one says to a man, سُرْسُرْ [Rise thou, rise thou, to eminence,] in enjoining aspiration to the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility: (IAar, K, * TA:) from سُرْتُ الحَائِطَ, meaning I ascended, or mounted, upon the wall. (TA.) b7: See also 5, in two places.

A2: سُورَبِهِ: see 2 in art. سير.2 سَوَّرَ [سوّر, inf. n. تَسْوِيرٌ, He walled a city or town &c. (See 2 in art. خفر.)] b2: See also 5.

A2: and سَوَّرْتُهُ, [inf. n. as above, (see an ex. voce دَهْقَنَ,)] I put upon him [or decked him with] the سِوَار [or bracelets; or I decked him with bracelets]. (S.) 3 مُسَاوَرَةٌ signifies The leaping, or springing, of two antagonists, each upon the other, or their assaulting, or assailing, each other, in mutual fight. (Har p. 329.) b2: And ساورهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُسَاوَرَةٌ and سِوَارٌ, (M, K,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him; he assaulted, or assailed, him; syn. وَاثَبَهُ. (S, M, K.) You say, الحَيَّةُ تُسَاوِرُ الرَّاكِبَ [The serpent springs upon, or assaults, the rider]. (A.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, فَكِدْتُ أُسَاوِرُهُ فِى الصَّلَاةِ, meaning And I was near to leaping upon him, or assaulting him, and fighting him, during prayer. (TA.) [See also 1.] You say also, سَاوَرَتْنِى الهُمُومُ (tropical:) [Anxieties assaulted, or assailed, me]. (A.) b3: Also i. q. أَخَذَ بِرَأْسِهِ [which, as it is mentioned immediately after سَوَّارٌ in the last of the senses assigned to that word below, is app. said of speech, or language, meaning (assumed tropical:) It had an overpowering influence upon his head]. (M, K.) 5 تسوّرهُ He ascended, or mounted, upon it; (namely, a wall;) as also ↓ سَارَهُ, inf. n. سَوْرٌ: (TA:) he climbed, ascended, or scaled, it, (namely, a wall,) like a thief; (IAar, S, * M, A, * K, * TA;) as also تسوّر عَلَيْهِ; (M;) and ↓ سَارَهُ, inf. n. as above: (K:) and he climbed, or ascended, and took, it; as also تسوّر عليه, and ↓ سوّرهُ: (TA: [this last from a trad., in which, however, the verb is, in my opinion, probably mistranscribed:]) he climbed, or ascended, its سُور [or wall]. (Bd in xxxviii. 20.) A2: And تسوّر He put on himself [or decked himself with] the سِوَار [or bracelet; or he decked himself with bracelets]. (S.) 6 تَساوُرٌ signifies The leaping, or springing, one with [or upon] another. (KL. [See also 3.]) b2: And تَسَاوَرْتُ لَهَا means رَفَعْتُ لَهَا شَخْصِى [I raised, or elevated, my person to her, or it, or them; or stretched myself up &c.; like تَطَاوَلْتُ]. (TA.) 8 اِسْتَارَ: see اِسْتَرَى in art. سرو, from which it is formed by transposition.

سُورٌ The wall of a city [or town &c.]: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [properly] masc.; but Ibn-Jurmooz, in a verse, makes it fem., because it is a part of the مَدِينَة: (M:) pl. أَسْوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and سِيرَانٌ. (S, K.) b2: And The upper, or uppermost, part of the head; occurring in a trad., as some relate it; or, accord. to others, it is ↓ سُورَة; or شُؤُون, which is said by some of the later authors to be the reading commonly known. (TA.) A2: See also سُورَةٌ, in three places.

A3: And see سِوَارٌ.

A4: Also An entertainment of a guest or guests; (K;) a repast to which people are invited: (Abu-l-'Abbás, TA:) a Pers\. word, honoured by the Prophet; (K;) i. e. by his saying to his companions, as is related in a trad., قُومُوا فَقَدْ صَنَعَ جَابِرٌ سُورًا [Arise ye, for Jábir has made an entertainment, or a repast]. Abu-l-'Abbás, TA.) A5: [It is also the name of A species of fig, called by Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab., pp. cxxiv. and 180,) ficus sur, (not “ mimosa sur,” as in Freytag's Lex.,) observed by him at Jubleh, in El-Yemen.]

سَوْرَةٌ A leap, or spring. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The assault of wine upon the head; or its rush into the head: and in like manner, the assault, or rush, of venom, such as that of the scorpion: (S:) or the force, or strength, of wine &c.; (M, K, Msb, and MF voce حَدٌّ;) as also ↓ سُوَارٌ; (M, K;) and in like manner, of hunger: (Msb:) the overpowering influence of wine upon the head: (Msb:) or ↓ سُوَارٌ signifies the creeping of wine in the head: and سَوْرَةٌ is said to signify the assault, or force, or intoxicating operation, or overpowering influence upon the head, (حُمَيَّا,) produced by the creeping of wine, in, or through, the drinker: and in like manner, فَرَحٍ ↓ سُوَارُ means (assumed tropical:) a motion of joy like the creeping of wine in the head. (TA.) b3: [(assumed tropical:) A paroxysm of fever. b4: (assumed tropical:) An ebullition, a fierceness, or an impetuousness, of anger; as when] one says إِنَّ لِغَضَبِهِ لَسَوْرَةً (assumed tropical:) [Verily his anger has an ebullition, a fierceness, or an impetuousness]: (S:) [(tropical:) an outburst, or outbreak, of anger: and] (assumed tropical:) anger itself: [or (assumed tropical:) a fit of anger, or irritation:] pl. سَوْرَاتٌ. (Msb.) b5: [(assumed tropical:) The flush, or impetuosity, of youth: see حُمَيَّا.] b6: Impetuousness in war. (A.) [It is said in the TA that فُلَانٌ ذُوسَوْرَةٍ فِى الحَرْبِ meansذُو نَظَرٍ شَدِيدٍ, i. e. Such a one has strong inspection in war: but I think that نَظَرٍ is here a mistranscription for سَطْوٍ, i. e. impetuousness.] b7: Violence, force, or oppression, and tyranny, of a Sultán: (S, K:) and might, or valour, (Msb, TA,) of a Sultán. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) Vehemence, or intenseness, of cold: (K:) or vehement, or intense, cold. (M.) You say, أَخَذَتْهُ السَّوْرَةُ (assumed tropical:) Intense cold seized him. (TA.) b9: See also سُورَةٌ.

سُورَةٌ (tropical:) Eminence, or nobility: (S, A, K:) rank or station: (S, M, A, K:) or high, or exalted, rank or station: (Ibn-Es-Seed:) excellence: (A:) pl. سُوَرٌ and ↓ سُورٌ: [the latter of which is an anomalous pl.; or a coll. gen. n. of which سُورَةٌ is the n. of un., as in another sense mentioned below:] (M:) and سُورَةٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَوْرَةٌ, (K,) a mark, or sign, of glory, honour, dignity, or nobility; and height thereof. (M, K.) You say, لَهُ سُورَةٌ فِى المَجْدِ (tropical:) He has eminence in glory. (A.) And لَهُ سُورَةٌ عَلَيْكَ (tropical:) He has superiority, and rank or station, over, or above, thee; he is of higher rank or dignity than thou. (A.) and سُوَرُ الإِبِلِ, (M,) [in the A سُوَرٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ,] or ↓ سُوْرُ الإِبِلِ, (K,) means (assumed tropical:) The excellent ones of camels: (M, K:) sing. سُورَةٌ, which, accord. to some, signifies hardy and strong. (M.) b2: سُورَةٌ also signifies What is goodly and tall, of structures. (M, K.) b3: And The extremity (حَدّ) of anything. (IAar, TA.) b4: See also سُورٌ. b5: Also A row of stones or bricks of a wall: (L, K: in the L, عَرَقٌ مِنْ أَعْرَاقِ الحَائِطِ: in the K, عَرَقٌ من عُرُوقِ الحائط, or, as in the CK, عِرْقٌ الخ:) any degree (مَنْزِلَة) of a structure: (S:) pl. ↓ سُورٌ, (S, K,) [or this is a coll. gen. n.,] like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ, (S,) and سُوَرٌ. (K.) b6: Hence its application in relation to the Kur-án, [to signify A chapter thereof,] because each of what are thus called forms one degree, or step, (S, M, * K,) distinct from another, (S, K,) or [leading] to another: (M:) or from the same word signifying “ eminence: ” (IAar:) or as being likened to the wall of a city: (B:) some pronounce it with hemz; (see art. سأر;) but it is more common without: (TA:) pl. سُوَرٌ, (S, Msb,) and سُورَاتٌ and سُوَرَاتٌ are also allowable. (S.) b7: A sign, or token. (IAar, M, K.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا سُورَةٌ Between them two is a sign, or token. (IAar, M.) سُوَارٌ: see سَوْرَةٌ, in three places: A2: and see what here follows.

سِوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ سُوَارٌ (M, Msb, K) and ↓ إِسْوَارٌ (S, MF, and others) and ↓ أُسْوَارٌ (M, K) A woman's bracelet, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) syn. قُلْبٌ, (M, K, [in the CK, erroneously, قَلْب,]) of silver or of gold; (Zj;) [and a man's bracelet also: see 2 and 5, and see also مُسَوَّرٌ:] all arabicized, from the Pers\. دستوار [دَسْتْوَارْ or دَسْتَوَارْ or دَسْتُوَارْ]: (B, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] of سِوَارٌ, (S, M, Msb,) and of سُوَارٌ, (M,) أَسْوِرَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and (pl. pl., M) أَسَاوِرُ, (S, M, K,) accord. to Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà pl. of إِسْوَارٌ, (S,) and أَسَاوِرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) also pl. of إِسْوَارٌ or أُسْوَارٌ, (M, TA,) or of أَسْوَرَةٌ, or perhaps of أَسَاوِرُ; (S;) and (pl. of mult., M) ↓ سُورٌ, (M, Msb, K,) originally سُوُرٌ, like كُتُبٌ pl. of كِتَابٌ, (Msb,) and سُؤُورٌ, (K, [in a copy of the M سُوُرٌ,]) said by Sb to be used by poetic license. (M, TA.) سَوَّارٌ is an epithet applied to a dog [as meaning Wont to spring or leap or assault]. (A.) b2: and it signifies The lion; (TS, K;) because of his leaping, or springing; (TA;) as also ↓ مُسَاوِرٌ. (TS, TA.) b3: Also One who is wont to leap or spring upon another, or to assault him; (S;) who behaves in an annoying manner towards his cupcompanion in his intoxication; (S, A, Mgh;) who assaults [or insults] his cup-companion when he drinks. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) One into whose head wine quickly rises: (M, K:) as though it were he himself that rose. (M.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) Speech, or language, that has an overpowering influence upon the head (الَّذِى يَأْخُذُ بِالرَّأْسِ). (M, K.) سُوَّارَى Height: so expl. by Th as used in the saying, كَمَا تُحِبُّ فرَخَهَا الحُبَارَى أُحِبُّهُ جُبًّا لَهُ سُوَّارَى

[I love him with a love that has height (i. e. rising to a high degree), like as the bustard loves her young one]: meaning that the bustard is stupid, and, when she loves her young one, is excessive in stupidity. (M.) أُسْوَارٌ: see the next paragraph: A2: and see also سِوَارٌ.

إِسْوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ أُسْوَارٌ (S, M, K) The leader of the Persians; (M, A, Msb, K;) like the أَمِير among the Arabs: (Msb:) or their greatest king: arabicized [from the Pers\. سُوَارْ]: (TA: [but said in the A to be tropical:]) or a horseman of the Persians, (A 'Obeyd, S, TA,) who fights: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or one who is firm on the back of his horse: (K:) or one who excels in sitting firmly on the back of his horse: (M:) or (so in the M, but in the A and K “ and ”) one who is skilful in shooting arrows: (M, A, K:) pl. أًَسَاوِرَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and أَسَاوِرُ; (M, K;) in the former of which the ة is to compensate for the ى of the original form, which is أَسَاوِيرُ. (S.) b2: See also الخَضَارِمَةُ.

A2: And see سِوَارٌ.

مِسْوَرٌ A leathern pillow, upon which one leans, or reclines; as also ↓ مِسْوَرَةٌ: (M, K:) pl. مَسَاوِرُ. (TA.) مِسْوَرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

مُسَوَّرٌ [Decked with a bracelet or bracelets. and hence,] (tropical:) Made a king [or chief]. (A, TA. [See دَهْقَنَ.]) b2: And The place of the bracelet; (M, K;) like as مُخَدَّمٌ signifies the “ place of the خَدَمَة. ” (M.) مُسَاوِرٌ: see سَوَّارٌ.

خرط

1 خَرَطَ الوَرَقَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ and خَرِطَ, inf. n. خَرْطٌ, (Msb,) He rubbed off the leaves (S, Msb) from the branches, (Msb,) by grasping the upper part, and passing the hand along it to the lower part. (S.) b2: خَرَطَ الشَّجَرَ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He pulled off the leaves, (K, TA,) and the bark, or peel, (TA,) from the trees (K, TA) with his hand [in the manner above described]. (TA.) It is said in a prov., دُونَهُ خَرْطُ القَتَادِ [Before one can attain it he has to strip the tragacanth of its leaves by grasping each branch and drawing his hand down it: i. e. he has to perform what will be extremely difficult, if not impossible]. (S, TA. [In the S and L in art. قتد, we find مِنْ دُونِهِ.]) You say also, خَرَطَ العُنْقُودَ He pulled off the grapes, or the like, from the bunch with all his fingers: (AHeyth:) or he put the bunch in his mouth and drew forth its stalk bare; as also ↓ اخترطهُ. (K.) It is said of Mo-hammad, كَانَ يَأْكُلُ العِنَبَ خَرْطًا [He used to eat grapes by putting the bunch in his mouth and drawing forth its stalk bare: or by stripping them off with all his fingers]. (TA.) b3: خَرَطَ العُودَ, aor. as above, (S, K, *) and so the inf. n., (S,) He removed the bark, or peel, from the wood, or stick, (S, K,) and planed it, or made it even, (K,) with the مِخْرَط, which is also called بَلْط and بُلْط, (TA in art. بلَط,) or with his hand. (TA in the present art.) b4: [Hence, in modern Arabic, He turned the wood, or stick; i. e., shaped it, or made it round, with a lathe.] b5: خَرَطَ الحَدِيدَ, inf. n. as above, He made the iron long, like a column, or pole, or rod. (S.) A2: خَرَطَ الجَوَاهِرَ He collected the jewels in a خَرِيطَة [q. v.]. (MF.) 4 اخرط الخَرِيطَةَ He bound, or made fast, the خريطة [q. v.]; or closed it by inserting its loops one into another; syn. أَشْرَجَهَا. (S, K *) 7 انخرط [It (a piece of wood, or a stick,) had its bark, or peel, removed, and was planed, or made even, with the مِخْرَط, (as appears from what here follows,) or with the hand: see 1]. b2: [and hence,] انخرط جِسْمُهُ (tropical:) His body became slender; (S, K, TA;) as though it were barked and planed (خُرِطَ) with the مِخْرَط. (TA.) 8 إِخْتَرَطَ see 1. b2: [Hence,] اخترط سَيْفَهُ, (S,) or السَّيْفَ, (Mgh, K,) (tropical:) He drew his sword, or the sword, (S, Mgh, K,) from its scabbard. (Mgh, TA.) خُرَاطَةٌ The parings, or shavings, that fall from the work of the خَرَّاط; like نُجَارَةٌ and نُحَاتَةٌ. (TA.) b2: What falls from a bunch of grapes, or the like, when the fruit is pulled off with all the fingers. (AHeyth.) خِرَاطَةٌ The art, or craft, of the خَرَّاط. (K.) خَرِيطَةٌ A receptacle, (S, K,) [a pouch,] or thing like a كِيس [or purse], (Lth, Msb,) of leather, (Lth, S, Msb, K,) or of rag, (Lth,) or other material, (S, K,) which is bound, or made fast, or closed by the insertion of its loops one into another, (يُشْرَجُ, Lth, S, Msb, K,) upon its contents: (Lth, S, K:) pl. خَرَائِطُ. (Msb.) b2: Also A thing likened thereto, which is made for the letters of the sultán, and of prefects, or agents, to be sent therein. (Lth, L.) b3: Also A similar thing [which was formerly, in the time of paganism,] put upon the head of the she-camel [that was] confined [to perish] at the tomb of a dead person. (Lth.) b4: [Also The pod, or oblong capsule or pericarp, of sesamum and the like: pl. as above. Used in this sense by writers on botany, and in the spoken language of the present day.]

b5: See also بِدَادٌ.

خَرَائِطِىٌّ [A maker, or seller, of خَرَائِط, pl. of خَرِيطَةٌ]; a rel. n. formed from a pl., like أَنْمَا طِىٌّ. (TA.) خَرَّاطٌ One whose occupation is to remove the bark, or peel, of wood, or sticks, and to plane it, or make it even, (K,) with the مِخْرَط, which is also called بَلْط and بُلْط, (TA in art. بلط,) or with the hand. (TA in the present art.) b2: [Hence, in modern Arabic, A turner of wood &c.]

مِخْرَطٌ The iron instrument with which the خَرَّاط performs his work; also called بَلْطٌ and بُلْطٌ. (TA in art. بلط, q. v.) مَخْرُوطٌ [pass. part. n. of 1]. b2: (assumed tropical:) A man (TA) having a scanty beard: (K, TA:) [or you say,] رَجُلٌ مَخْرُوطُ اللِّحْيَةِ A man having a beard in which is length without breadth. (S.) and لِحْيَةٌ مَخْرُوطَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A beard that is scanty in its side, (K,) or, correctly, in its two sides, (TA,) and lank and long in the part on and beneath the chin. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A face in which is length (K, TA) without breadth. (TA.) You say, رَجُلٌ مَخْرُوطُ الوَجْهِ (assumed tropical:) A man whose face has length without breadth. (S.) b4: بِئْرٌ مَخْرُوطَةٌ (tropical:) A narrow well. (A, TA.) b5: [مَخْرُوطٌ and ↓ مَخْرُوطَةٌ, in mathematics, signify A cone.]

مَخْرُوطَةٌ: see what next precedes.

مَخْرُوطِىٌّ, in mathematics, Conical.]

رقو

1 رَقَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. رَقْوٌ, said of a bird, It rose, or rose high, in its flight. (Msb, TA.) تَرْقُوَةٌ, mentioned in this art. in the K, as well as in art. ترق: see the latter art. رقى.1 رَقِىَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. رُقِىٌّ (JK, K, TA, [but this inf. n. is omitted in the CK,]) and رَقْىٌ, (K, TA, [but this is omitted in my MS. copy of the K,]) He ascended, إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it]; as also ↓ ارتقى, and ↓ ترقّى: (K:) or he ascended a ladder, or a stair: (JK:) or رَقِيتُ فِيهِ, (S, Msb, in the Mgh رَقِىَ فيه,) inf. n. رُقِىٌّ (S, Mgh, Msb) and رَقْىٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ ارتقيت, (S, Mgh, * Msb,) and ↓ ترقّيت; (Mgh, * Msb;) I ascended it; (S;) namely, a ladder, or a stair, (S, Mgh, Msb,) &c.: (Msb:) and رَقِيتُ الجَبَلَ (Msb,) and السَّطْحَ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) the verb being thus trans. by itself, (Msb, TA,) without فِى (Mgh,) and likewise with فى, (TA,) I ascended, or mounted, upon the mountain, and upon the house-top: (Msb:) and ↓ ارتقى is in like manner trans. without فى; whence the saying, لَقَدِ صَعْبًا ↓ ارْتَقَيْتَ مُرْتَقًى [Thou hast indeed ascended a difficult place of ascent]. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] اِرْقَ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ Ascend thou, and go, [according to thy limping, or halting, i. e.] as far as thou art able to do so, and impose not upon thyself that which thou art not able to perform. (S, TA. [Some, instead of اِرْقَ, say اِرْقَأْ; and some, اِرْقِ, from the verb mentioned in the next sentence; and some, ق: see 1 in art. رقأ; and see also art. ظلع.]) A2: رَقَاهُ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (JK, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. رُقْيَةٌ (JK, S, Mgh, K) and رَقْى (JK, Mgh, Msb, * K) and رُقِىٌّ (K,) He charmed him, syn. عَوَّذَهُ, (JK, Mgh, Msb,) by [invoking] God: (Msb:) and (Mgh) he puffed, or sputtered, upon his charm; syn. نَفَثَ فِى عُوذَتِهِ: (Mgh, K:) [it signifies he charmed him from, or against, such a thing; (مِنْ كَذَا;) and also he enchanted him, or fascinated him; by uttering a spell; or by tying knots in a thread, or string, and puffing, or sputtering, upon them; or by both these actions combined: see the last chap. but one of the Kur-án:] the epithet applied to the performer is ↓ رَاقٍ [meaning Charming; &c.]; (S, Mgh, TA;) and ↓ رَقَّآءٌ [A charmer; &c.; or one who habitually practises charming; &c.]: (JK, K, TA:) and the epithet applied to the person who is the object of the performance is ↓ مَرْقِىٌّ [meaning Charmed; &c.]. (JK, TA.) In the saying اِرْقِ عَلَى رَأْسِى مِنَ الصُّدَاعِ, meaning Charm thou me (عَوِّذْنِى [or rather charm thou my head against the headache]), the verb is made trans. by means of على because it is as though it implied the meaning of اِقْرّأْ [i. e. “ recite thou ” a spell] and اُنْفُثْ [i. e. “ puff,” or “ sputter,”

upon knots]. (Mgh.) 2 رِقّاهُ, inf. n. تَرْقِيَةٌ, He made him to ascend; syn. صَعَّدَهُ. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse of ElAashà cited in art. ثمن, voce ثَمَانُونَ.] b2: [and hence, He elevated, or exalted, him.] b3: [Hence also,] رَقَّى عَلَيْهِ كَلَامًا, inf. n. as above, i. q. رَفَعَ [meaning He told, or related, a saying against him; he informed against him; as is indicated by what next follows, and by a meaning of ترقّى as quasi-pass. of رقّى thus used]. (S, K.) You say also, رقّى عَلَى البَاطِلَ, inf. n. as above, He brought a false accusation against me; said, against me, what was not the case; and exaggerated [in what he said against me]. (JM, TA.) 5 تَرَقَّىَ see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ترقّى فِىِ العِلْمِ He rose by degrees, or step by step, in knowledge, or science. (S, TA.) And hence, مَا زَالَ يَتَرَقَّى بِهِ الحَالُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ غَايَتَهُ The state, or condition, ceased not to rise with him until he reached the utmost point thereof. (TA.) b3: [Hence also, the verb being quasi-pass. of 2,] ترقّى إِلَيْهِ الخَبَرٌ The news, or information, came to him, or reached him. (MA.) 6 تراقى [meaning He exalted himself] is from الرُّقِىُّ signifying الصُّعُودُ and الاِرْتِفَاعُ. (Har p. 128.) 8 إِرْتَقَىَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. b2: [Hence,] ارتقى بَطْنُهُ His belly became [drawn up, i. e.] lean, or lank; syn. اِنْطَوَى: said of a camel, and of a sheep or goat. (JK.) 10 استرقاهُ He asked him, or desired him, to charm him. (S, * TA.) رُقْيَةٌ i. q. عُوذَةٌ [as meaning A charm, or spell, either uttered or written], (K, TA,) by which a person having an evil affection, such as fever and epilepsy &c., is charmed: (TA:) when it is in any other language than that of the Arabs, and one knows not what is in it, it is disapproved, lest it should involve enchantment (سِحْر) and infidelity; but in such as is from the Kur-án or any of the forms of prayer, there is no harm: (Mgh in art. تم: [see تَمِيمَةٌ:]) [but عُوذَةٌ generally signifies “ an amulet to charm the wearer against the evil eye &c. ”:] 'Orweh says, فَمَا تَرَكَا مِنْ عُوذَةٍ يَعْرِفَانِهَا وَلَا رُقْيَةٍ إِلَّا بِهَا رَقَيَانِى

[And they two left not any amulet that they knew, nor any charm, or spell, but with it they charmed me]: (TA:) [sometimes, also, it signifies anything by which one enchants, or fascinates: and hence it is said,] المَرْأَةُ رُقْيَةٌ [Woman is a thing by which one is enchanted, or fascinated]: (Msb:) pl. رُقًى. (S, Msb, K.) رُقْيَا [The act, or practice, or art, of charming: and also, of enchanting, or fascinating; i. e. enchantment, or fascination:] the subst., (Msb,) of the measure فُعْلَى, from رَقَاهُ, aor. ـْ (Msb, TA.) رُقِيَّةٌ [Ascent; or the act of ascending;] the subst. from رَقِىَ aor. ـْ (TA.) رَقَّآءٌ One who ascends mountains much or often. (TA.) A2: See also 1, last sentence but one.

رَاقٍ: see 1, last sentence but one. The saying in the Kur [lxxv. 27], مَنْ رَاقٍ [Who is one that charms?] means that there is no charmer that shall charm him and protect him: or, accord. to I'Ab, the meaning is, who is he that ascendeth with his soul? shall the angels of mercy [ascend with it] or the angels of punishment? (TA.) In the saying of a rájiz, لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ وَالأَجَلِّ البَاقِى

أَنْ لَنْ يَرُدَّ القَدَرَ الرَّوَاقِى

[the meaning may be, Assuredly thou knowest, by the Most Majestic, the Everlasting, that the female charmers will not repel, or avert, that which is decreed; or, that the potent charmers will not &c.: for] the pl. may be that of ↓ رَاقِيَةٌ as an epithet applied to a woman, or of this same word as an intensive epithet applied to a man. (S.) رَاقِيَةٌ; pl. رَوَاقٍ (with the article الرَّوَاقِى): see what next precedes.

مَرْقًى A place of ascent; as also ↓ مُرْتَقًى; (Msb, TA;) and so ↓ مَرْقَاةٌ and ↓ مِرْقَاةٌ: (Msb:) or ↓ these last two signify a series of steps or stairs; or a ladder; syn. دَرَجَةٌ; (S, K;) and سُلَّمٌ; (M and K in art. سلم;) the former of them as being a place of ascent, and the latter of them as being likened to an instrument; (S, Msb;) and both of them are authorized by the M; (TA;) but the latter of them is disallowed by A'Obeyd, and said by him to be not of the language of the Arabs: (Msb, TA:) the pl. of ↓ مِرَقَاةٌ [and of مَرْقًى] is مَرَاقٍ. (TA.) You say جَبَلٌ لَا مَرْقَى فِيهِ and ↓ لا مُرْتَقَى (JK, TA) A mountain in which is no place of ascent. (TA.) مَرْقِيَا الأَنْفِ [in my MS. copy of the K مُرْقِيَا] The two edges [or alœ] of the nose: (K, TA:) so says Th; but the expression commonly known is مَرَقَّا الأَنْفِ, mentioned before [in art. رق]. (TA.) مَرْقَاةٌ and مِرْقَاةٌ: see مَرْقًى, in four places.

مَرْقِىٌّ: see 1, last sentence but one.

مُرْتَقًى: see مَرْقًى, in two places; and see an ex. in the first sentence of this article.

رجو

1 رَجَوْتُهُ, aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. رَجْوٌ, (S, M, K,) or رُجُوٌّ, (Msb,) and رَجَآءٌ, (S, K, TA, &c., [in the CK erroneously written with the short ا i. e., without the meddeh and ء,]) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) and رَجَاوَةٌ (S, K) and رَجَاةٌ, or رَجَآءَةٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or both, (CK,) and مَرْجَاةٌ; (K;) and ↓ رَجَّيْتُهُ, (S,) inf. n. تَرْجِيَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ تَرَجَّيْتُهُ, (S, K, *) and ↓ اِرْتَجَيْتُهُ; (S, Msb, K; *) I hoped for him [or it; relating only to what is possible; syn. with أَمَلْتُهُ; see رَجَآءٌ, below]; all signify the same: (S:) and رَجَيْتُهُ, aor. ـْ is a dial. var. of رَجَوْتُهُ: (Msb:) and رَجِيَهُ, aor. ـْ like رَضِيَهُ, is a dial. var. of رَجَاهُ, aor. ـْ accord. to Lth: it is disapproved by Az, because heard by him on no other authority than that of Lth; but it is mentioned also by ISd. (TA.) One says, مَا أَتَيْتُكَ إِلَّا رَجَاوَةَ الخَيْرِ [I did not, or have not, come to thee except hoping for that which is good]. (S.) No regard is to be paid to the assertion of Lth, that the saying فَعَلْتُ رَجَاةَ كَذَا [I did a thing hoping for such a thing] is a mistake, and that the correct word is only رَجَآءَ; for رَجَاةٌ occurs in a trad., and in the poetry of the Arabs. (TA.) b2: Sometimes رَجْوٌ, (S,) or رُجُوٌّ, (Msb,) has the meaning of خَوْفٌ; (S, Msb;) because the hoper fears that he may not attain the thing for which he hopes; (Msb;) and so رَجَآءٌ; (T, S;) but only when there is with it a negative particle: (Fr, T, TA:) you say, مَا رَجَوْتُكَ (assumed tropical:) I feared not thee: but you do not say, رَجَوْتُكَ, meaning I feared thee: (TA:) the saying in the Kur [lxxi. 12], مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَرْجُونَ لِلّٰهِ وَقَارًا means (assumed tropical:) [What aileth you] that ye will not fear the greatness, or majesty, of God? (S:) or the meaning is, that ye will not hope for God's magnifying of him who serves Him and obeys Him? or that ye will not believe in greatness, or majesty, belonging to God, so that ye may fear disobeying Him? (Bd:) another instance occurs in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, cited in art. خلف, conj. 3: (S:) and ↓ ارتجاهُ, also, signifies (tropical:) he feared him, or it; [but app. only when preceded by a negative particle, as in exs. cited in the TA;] (K, TA;) in which sense it is tropical. (TA.) Accord. to Lth, رَجْوٌ is also syn. with مُبَالَاةٌ; and مَا أَرْجُو means مَا أُبَالِى [I do not care, mind, or heed]: but this is disapproved by Az. (TA.) A2: رَجِىَ He broke off, or ceased, [app. by reason of inability,] from speaking: (K:) or, accord. to Az, he became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: or, as Fr says, he desired to speak, and was unable to do so: (TA:) and رُجِىَ عَلَيْهِ, like عُنِىَ, he became unable to speak. (K.) 2 رَجَّوَ see 1, first sentence.4 أَرْجَتْ She (a camel, S, or a pregnant female [of any kind], TA) was, or became, near to bringing forth; (S, K, TA;) so that her bringing forth was hoped for: accord. to Er-Rághib, the proper signification is she made her owner to have hope in himself that her bringing forth was near: (TA:) and أَرْجَأَتْ means the same. (S.) b2: ارجى الصَّيْدَ He failed of getting any game; (K;) [as though he made the game to have hope;] and ارجأهُ signifies the same: (TA:) or so ارجى [alone], and ارجأ [alone]. (K and TA in art. رجأ.) A2: And أَرْجَيْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِرْجَآءٌ, (K,) I postponed it, put it off, deferred it, or delayed it; (S, Msb, K; *) namely, an affair [&c.]; (S;) as also ارجأتهُ. (S, Msb.) [See the latter verb: and see also an ex. in the Kur vii.108 and xxvi. 35; and the various readings mentioned by Bd in the former instance.]

A3: ارجى البِئْرَ He made a side (رَجًا) to the well. (S, K.) 5 تَرَجَّوَ see 1, first sentence. b2: [In the present day, ترجّى is often used as meaning He besought, entreated, petitioned, or prayed.]8 إِرْتَجَوَ see 1, first sentence: b2: and again in the latter part of the paragraph.

رَجًا The side, (K,) in a general sense: (TA:) or the side of a well, (S, Msb, K,) and of the sky, (Er-Rághib, TA,) and of anything; (S, Msb; *) and ↓ رَجَآءٌ signifies the same: (K:) the side of a well from its top to its bottom; (TA;) and the two sides thereof: which last is also [or properly] the meaning of the dual; which is رَجَوَانِ: (S:) pl. أَرْجَآءٌ. (S, Msb, K.) Hence, in the Kur [lxix. 17], وَالْمَلَكُ عَلَى أَرْجَائِهَا [The angels being at the sides thereof]. (S, TA.) They said, رُمِىَ بِهِ الرَّجَوَانِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He was cast into places of destruction: (S:) or it is said of one who is held in mean estimation: (M, TA:) اِسْتِهْزَآءٌ in the K is a mistake for اُسْتُهِينَ بِهِ, the reading in the M: (TA:) as though the two [opposite] sides of the well were cast at with him. (K.) And one says of him who will not be deceived so as to be turned away from one course to another, لَا تُرْمَى بِهِ الرَّجَوَانِ (assumed tropical:) [lit. The two sides of the well will not be cast at with him]; in allusion to the well's two [opposite] sides' being cast at with the bucket. (Z, TA.) رَجَآءٌ [accord. to most an inf. n., (see 1, in two senses,) but accord. to the Msb a simple subst.,] Hope; syn. أَمَلٌ; (S and M and K in art امل;) contr. of يَأْسٌ; (K;) an opinion requiring the happening of an event in which will be a cause of happiness; (Er-Rághib, TA;) expectation of deriving advantage from an event of which a cause has already occurred: (El-Harállee, TA:) or, as Ibn-El-Kemál says, properly, i. q. أَمَلٌ: and conventionally, the clinging of the heart to the happening of a future loved event: (TA:) or hope, or eager desire, for a thing that may possibly happen; differing from تَمَنٍّ, which relates to what is possible and to what is impossible. (MF, TA.) A2: See also رَجًا.

رَجِيَّةٌ [A thing hoped for]: you say, مَالَى فِى

فُلَانٍ رَجِيَّةٌ There is nothing for me to hope for in such a one. (S.) رَاجٍ [Hoping: b2: and Fearing]. (Msb.) أُرْجِيَّةٌ A thing postponed, put off, deferred, or delayed. (ISd, K.) أُرْجُوَانٌ Redness: (Msb, K:) a certain red dye: (K:) or a certain dye, intensely red: (S:) accord. to A'Obeyd, (S,) what is called نَشَاسْتَج; (S, K;) and he says that the بَهْرَمَان is inferior to it (دُونَهُ [but this often has the contr. meaning]): it is said also that ارجوان is an arabicized word, from the Pers\. أَرْغَوَان, which means a sort of trees having a red blossom, of the most beautiful kind; and that every colour resembling it is termed ارجوان. (S.) Also Red: (K:) and red garments or clothes. (IAar, K.) And one says أَحْمَرُ

أُرْجُوَانٌ, mentioned by Seer has having an intensive meaning; (M, TA;) in the K, ↓ أَحْمَرُ أُرْجُوَانِىٌّ; but this is wrong; (TA;) i. e. Intensely red. (K, TA.) And قَطِيفَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ أُرْجُوَانٌ [A villous, or nappy, outer, or wrapping, garment, intensely red]: (S, M, A:) but IAth says that the most common practice is to prefix the word ثَوْب or قَطِيفَة to أُرْجُوَان so as to govern the latter in the gen. case; [saying ثَوْبُ أُرْجُوَانٍ or قَطِيفَةُ أُرْجُوَانٍ;] and that the word [ارجوان] is said by some to be Arabic, the ا and ن being augmentative. (TA.) أُرْجُوَانِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُرْجًى Postponed, put off, deferred, or delayed; as also مُرْجَأٌ.] Some read [in the Kur ix. 107]

وَآخَرُونَ مُرْجَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ. (S: see مرجأ, in art. رجأ.) مُرْجٍ and مُرْجِيَةٌ and] مُرْجِىءٌ and مُرْجِءَةٌ A female near to bringing forth. (K, * TA.) A2: مُرْجٍ also signifies A man who is one of the people [or sect] called the مُرْجِيَة; (S;) or one of the مُرْجِئَة, mentioned in art. رجأ; as also مُرْجِىءٌ; and so ↓ مُرْجِىٌّ; (K;) or this is [properly speaking] a rel. n. from مُرْجٍ; (S;) and مُرْجِئِىٌّ also; (K;) or rather this is another rel. n., like مُرْجِىٌّ. (IB and TA in art. رجأ, q. v.) مُرْجِى: see what next precedes. You say رَجُلٌ مُرْجِىٌّ [A man of, or belonging to, the sect called the مُرْجِيَة]. (S.)