هن

أ1 هَنُؤَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. هَنَآءَةٌ; and هَنِئَ, aor. ـَ It came, or happened, without inconvenience, or trouble: (K:) [it was pleasant, or productive of enjoyment: see what immediately follows]. b2: هَنُؤَ الطَّعَامُ (S, K *) aor. ـُ inf. n. هَنَآءَةٌ (S, K) and هَنَأَةٌ and هَنْءٌ, (K,) or هِنْءٌ (as in some copies of the K, and in the L); epithet هَنِىْءٌ; (S;) and هَنِئَ, (Akh, S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. هَنْءٌ; (TA;) and هَنَأَ, aor. ـِ (Lth,) The food was, or became, pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to the eater: or easy to swallow; not attended by trouble: [agreeable:] or not succeeded by harm, even after digestion. (Z, cited voce مَرُؤَ.) b3: هَنَأَنِى الطَّعَامُ, (Akh, S, K), and هَنَأَ لِىَ, aor. ـِ and هَنَاَ (S, K) and هَنُاَ, (K,) unexampled, says Akh, in the class termed mahmooz, (S,) [though بَرَأَ and قَرَأَ are similar with respect to their having damm to the aor. ,] inf. n. هَنْءٌ and هِنْءٌ, (S, K,) [The food was pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to me: or easy to swallow; &c.: see هَنُؤَ]. b4: هَنَأَنِى الطّعامُ وَمَرأَنِى: see art. مرأ. b5: هَنَأَهُ ذٰلِكَ, and هنأ لَهُ ذلك That (thing) was pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to him; &c. (TA.) [See هَنُؤَ.] b6: هَنَأَنِى خَبَرُ فُلَانٍ The news of such a one was pleasant to me to hear. (TA.) b7: هَنِئَ الطّعَامَ, aor. ـَ and بَالطّعامِ ↓ تهنّأ, (S, K,) and تهنّأ الطّعام, and استهنأهُ, (TA,) [He enjoyed the food; found it pleasant, or productive of enjoyment; &c.: see هَنُؤَ:] he found the food to be productive of no evil result, and not attended by inconvenience. (TA.) b8: هَنِئَ, (Az, S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. هَنَأٌ and هَنْءٌ, (K,) He (a beast) lighted upon a good piece of herbage, but did not satiate himself therewith. (Az, S, K.) b9: أَكَلْنَا هٰذَا الطَّعَامَ حَتَّى هَنِئْنَا مِنْهُ We ate this food until we were satiated with it. (TA.) b10: هَنِئَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were satiated with herbage. (TA.) b11: هَنِئَ بِهِ He rejoiced in him, or it. (K.) b12: هَنَأَنَا اللّٰهُ الطَّعَامَ [God made the food pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to us: &c.: made us to enjoy it: see هَنُؤَ]. (TA.) b13: هَنَأَتْنِيهِ العَافِيَةُ [Health made it pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to me: &c.]. (K.) b14: لِيَهْنِئْكَ الفَارِسُ [May the horseman give thee joy: a form of congratulation on the exploits of a horseman; i. e., I congratulate thee on the exploits of the horseman]: also written and pronounced لِيَهْنِيكَ: ليهنك, though it occurs in a trad., pronounced لِيَهْنِكَ or لِيَهْنَكَ, (but which pronunciation is to be preferred is disputed,) is said to be a vulgarism, and not allowable. (TA.) b15: هَنَأَهُ, aor. ـَ (K) [and app., هَنِاَ (see هَانِئٌ)], inf. n. هَنْءٌ, (TA,) He fed him; or gave him to eat. (K.) b16: هَنَأَهُ, aor. ـَ and هَنِاَ, (S, K,) inf. n. هَنْءٌ; (S;) and ↓ اهنأهُ; (IAar, K;) He gave him, or bestowed upon him: (S, K:) gave him plentifully. (TA.) b17: هَنَأَ الطَّعَامَ, inf. n. هَنْءٌ and هِنْءٌ (K) and هَنَآءَةٌ (as in some copies of the K) or هَنَأَةٌ (as in others) or هِنَأَةٌ (as in others) or هَنْأَةٌ (as in the CK), He made the food good; qualified it properly; seasoned it: syn. أَصْلَحَهُ. (K.) b18: هَنَأَ مَالَهُ, (TA,) and ماله ↓ اهتنأ, (K,) He put his property in a right, or good, state. (K.) b19: هَنَأَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـَ He nourished, or maintained, the people; (S;) satisfied their wants; bestowed upon them. (TA.) Ex. هَنَأَهُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ [He maintained them two months]. Hence the proverb quoted in illustration of the word هَانِئٌ, accord. to the second reading. (TA) b20: هَنَأَهُ He aided, succoured, or defended, him. (K.) A2: هَنَأَ الإِبِلَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) and هَنِاَ and هَنُاَ (K: dev. from constant rule as shown above: TA), inf. n. هَنَأٌ and هَنْءٌ, (TA,) He smeared the camels with هِنَآء, which is tar, or liquid pitch, syn. قَطِرَان, (Az, S, K,) or a kind thereof, (TA,) [as a remedy for, or preservative against, the mange, or scab]. b2: لَيْسَ الهَنْءُ بِالدَّسِّ The smearing of a camel [all over] with هِنَآء is not [merely] smearing the cavities under the shoulders, and the like, which the mange, or scab, more quickly attacks. A proverb, applied to him who does not a thing thoroughly. (TA.) b3: See 2.2 هَنَّاهُ وَمَنَّاهُ (in a trad. respecting the prostration for inattention) He (the devil) made him to think of pleasant things, or things productive of enjoyment, and of things wished for, or objects of desire, in his prayer. The former verb is pronounced thus to assimilate it to the latter. (TA.) b2: هنّأهُ بِالأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَهْنِئَةٌ and تَهْنِىْءٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ هَنَأَهُ, (K,) inf. n. هَنْءٌ; (TA;) He congratulated him on the thing, (S, K,) such as the possession of a government, &c.: (S:) he said to him لِيَهْنِئْكَ [May it give thee joy]. (K.) b3: [When the agent of the verb is God, the meaning necessarily is, He granted him enjoyment in the thing; made him to have enjoyment in it.] b4: هُنِّئْتَ وَلَا تُنْكَهْ: see art. نكأ.4 أَهْنَاَ see 1.5 تهنّأ He gave many gifts. (IAar.) b2: تهنّأ

بِكَذَا [unless it be a mistake for تهيّأ, as IbrD suggests, which I think not improbable, though mentioned in this art. in the TA] He prided himself in such a thing: syn. تمرّأ and تغيّظ and تسمّن and تخيّل and تزيّن. (TA.) b3: See 1.8 إِهْتَنَاَ see 1.10 استهنأهُ He asked him for aid, succour, or defence. (K.) b2: He asked him for a gift. (K, TA.) b3: He conceded to him, or gave him, a part of his dues, or rights. (TA.) b4: See 1.

هِنْءٌ A gift. (S, K.) A2: A part of the night. (K.) A3: هِنْءٌ subst. from هَنَأَ الإِبِلَ; (K;) i. e., The smearing with هِنَآء. (MF.) إِبِلٌ هَنْأَى Camels which have lighted upon a good piece of herbage, but are not satiated therewith. (K.) هِنَآءٌ Tar, or liquid pitch; syn. قَطِرَانٌ: (S, K:) or a kind thereof. (TA.) See also نُورَةٌ; and قالِبٌ.

A2: هِنَآءٌ dial. var. of إِهَانٌ, (K,) or formed from the latter by transposition, (TA,) A raceme of a palm-tree. (AHn, K.) [See إِهَانٌ.]

هَنِىْءٌ What comes or happens to one without inconvenience, or trouble: (S, K:) [what is pleasant, or productive of enjoyment; an unalloyed gratification, i. e., a thing that gives unalloyed enjoyment; see what follows:] as also ↓ مَهْنَأٌ, (K,) a subst., sometimes written and pronounced مَهْنَا; pl. مَهَانِئُ, sometimes written and pronounced مَهَانٍ. (TA.) [See مهنأ also below.] b2: Pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to the eater: or easy to swallow; not attended by trouble: or not succeeded by harm, even after its digestion. (Z, cited voce مَرُؤَ.) b3: هَنِيْئًا مَرِيْئًا [May it be, or Eat it, or Drink it, with enjoyment, and with wholesome result: or with ease in the swallowing, and with quickness in digesting: &c.: see مَرُؤَ]. (S.) b4: هَنِيْئًا لَهُ ذٰلِكَ [May that be productive of enjoyment to him!]. (TA.) b5: هَنِيْئًا and مَرِيْئًا are of the number of epithets which are employed after the manner of inf. ns. significant of a prayer or good wish, governed in the acc. case by a verb understood. (Sb.) هُنَيْئَةٌ (K) and هُنَيَّةٌ and هُنَيْهَةٌ (the second is the most usual; and the third is said to be formed by substituting ه for ء; but accord. to some, the word is incorrectly written with ء, [so says F,] and is a dim. formed from هَنْوَةٌ, which becomes first هُنَيْوَةٌ, and then هُنَيَّةٌ: see art. هنو:) (TA:) A little; a little while. (K.) هَانِئٌ A servant. (K.) b2: هَانِئًا occurs in this sense in a trad.; but the reading commonly known is مَاهِنًا. If right, it is an act. part. n. from هنأ “ he gave. ” (TA.) b3: إِنَّمَا سُمِّيتَ هَانِئًا لِتَهْنِئَ, or لِتَهْنَأَ; the former is the reading of El-Umawee; the latter, of Ks; Thou art only named Háni (Giver, or Nourisher,) that thou mayest give, accord. to both readings; or that thou mayest nourish, or maintain, and supply people's wants; لتعول وتكفى: (TA:) [such is said to be the meaning of لتهنأ here:] and accord. to El-Umawee, لتهنئ signifies لِتُمْرِئَ, (S,) [which is app. the same as لتعول]. A proverb: said to him who is known for his beneficence, in order that he may continue to do as he has been wont. (TA.) مَهْنَأٌ: see هَنِىءٌ. b2: لَكَ المَهْنَأُ, (S,) and المَهْنَا, (TA,) [Unalloyed gratification to thee!] b3: لَكَ المَهْنَأُ وَعَلَيْهِ الوِزْرُ [To thee be unalloyed gratification, and on him be the burden, or sin]: said, accord. to a trad., to one who asked whether he should accept an invitation to eat the food of one who received unlawful interest or profit; and also said with respect to eating the food of a tyrannical intendant. (TA.) مَهْنُوْءٌ A camel smeared with هِنَاء. (S.)

هرب

1 هَرَبَ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ not هَرَبَ, as some have imagined on account of the measure of the first of the following inf. ns., imagining thence also that the pret. is هَرِبَ; nor هَرَبَ with the pret. هَرَبَ, as some have supposed because of the guttural letter; for a guttural letter, when it is the first, is not reckoned as having any influence on the form of the aor. ; nor هَرِبَ, as some have thought; (TA;) inf. n. هَرَبٌ (S, K) and مَهْرَبٌ and هَرَبَانٌ; (K;) He (a man, or any animal, TA) fled; ran away. (S, K.) b2: إِلَيْكَ مِنْكَ المَهْرَبُ [To Thee I flee for refuge from Thee; i. e., from thy punishment: addressed to God]. (TA.) b3: هَرَبَ مِنَ الوَتَدِ نِصْفُهُ Half of the wooden pin, peg, or stake, disappeared [in the ground]. (K.) A2: هَرِبَ, aor. ـَ He became extremely aged, old and weak, or decrepit; i. q. هَرِمَ; (K;) of which it is a dial. form. (TA.) 2 هرّبه, inf. n. تَهْرِيبُ, He made, or caused, him to flee, or run away. (S, K.) See also 4.4 اهربه He forced, or compelled, him to flee, or run away. (K.) See also 2. b2: اهربتِ الرِّيحُ The wind raised and carried away the dust, (K,) causing dust and dry herbage &c. to accumulate on the ground. (TA.) b3: اهرب He (a horse, or other animal that runs, Lh) strove, or exerted himself, in going away, or in flight, being frightened, (ISk, S, K,) or not being frightened. (TA.) See جَاءَ مُهْرِبًا. b4: اهرب He went, or travelled, far into, or through, the land. (TA.) [فى ↓ هَرَبَ الأَرْضِ, mentioned also in the TA, seems to signify the same.] b5: اهرب فِى الأَمْرِ He immersed himself in the affair; took extraordinary pains in it. (K.) See جَاءَ مُهْرِبًا.6 تهاربوا (S, O, K, art. فر,) They fled, one from another. (TK.) هُرْبٌ The thin integument of fat that covers the stomach and intestines: or the fat [or caul] that is spread over the intestines: i. q. ثَرْبُ البَطْنِ: (K:) a word of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) مَا لَهُ هَارِبٌ وَلَا قَارِبٌ He has not [of camels &c.] any that returns from water, nor any that comes to it; i. e., he has not anything; (Kh, S, K;) or, he has not anything, nor has he any people; an expression similar to مَا لَهُ سَعْنَةٌ وَلَا مَعْنَةٌ: (Lh:) accord. to IAar, هَارِبٌ signifies one who returns from water; and قَارِبٌ, one who seeks, or journeys to, water: (TA:) or the meaning is no one flees from him, nor does any one approach him; i. e., he is a person of no account. (As, K.) [In the TA a trad. is quoted which confirms the former signification.] See also art. قرب.

مَهْرَبٌ A place to which one flees; a place of refuge. (Msb.) b2: فُلَانٌ لَنَا مَهْرَبٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is a refuge to us. (TA.) جَاءَ مُهْرِبًا He came striving, or exerting himself, in the affair: (Lh:) or, as some say, he came fleeing and in fright. (TA.) مِهْرَبٌ A piece of wood, or wooden implement, which the sower, or ploughman, draws forward and backward [over the ground]. (K.) [A piece of the trunk of a tree, or of a thick branch, is thus drawn over the soil after sowing.]

هلب

1 هَلِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. هَلَبٌ, He had much hair [of the kind termed هُلْب]; was very hairy. (K.) b2: هَلَبَ ذَنَبَ الفَرَسِ, and هَلَبَ الفَرَسَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. هَلْبٌ, He shore the tail of the horse: (Msb:) shore it, or cut it off, utterly. (TA.) هَلَبَهُ; (S, K;) and ↓ هلّبه, (K,) inf. n. تَهْلِيبٌ; (TA;) He plucked from him (i. e. a horse, S,) his هُلْب [or coarse hair, of the tail &c.]. (S, K.) b3: هُلِبَ It (a tail) was entirely cut off. (TA.) A2: هَلَبَهُمْ بِلِسَانِهِ, aor. ـِ and ↓ هلّبهم, (inf. n. تَهْلِيبٌ, TA;) (tropical:) He satirized and reviled them: (K:) he carped at them severely with his tongue. (TA.) A3: هَلَبَ, aor. ـُ and ↓ اهلب, (inf. n. إِهْلَابٌ, TA) ; He (a horse) prosecuted, or continued, his course, or run, uninterruptedly; syn. تَابَعَ الجَرْىَ: (K:) and, the latter verb, he (a horse,) was ardent, or impetuous, in his course, or running; as also أَلْهَبَ. (As, in TA, art. لهب.) [See also ضَهبَ القَوْمُ]

A4: هَلَبَتِ السَّمَاءُ القَوْمَ The sky wetted the people with dew (نَدًى): or, with continual rain. (K.) هَلَبَتْنَا السَّمَاءُ The sky wetted us with dew (ندى) or the like; (TA;) as also ↓ أَهْلَبَتْنَا: (T:) the sky rained upon us a copious, or an excellent, rain. (TA.) 2 هَلَّبَ see 1.4 أَهْلَبَ see 1.5 تهلّب and ↓ انهلب [He, a horse, had his tail shorn: see 1:] he had his هُلْب [or coarse hair, of the tail &c.,] plucked out. (K.) 7 إِنْهَلَبَ see 5.8 اهتلب He drew a sword from its scabbard. (TA.) هُلْبٌ, [a coll. gen. n.,] Hair, absolutely: or coarse hair; (K;) as the hair of the tail of a she-camel: (Az:) or hair of the tail: or pigs' bristles, with which skins and the like are sewed: (K:) J gives this last signification to ↓ هُلْبَةٌ: and also, coarse hair of the tail &c.: (so in the S:) but هُلْبَةٌ is the n. un. (TA.) b2: هُلْبٌ, The eyelashes. (TA.) b3: هُلْبٌ, call. gen. n., Hair that one plucks from the tail: n. un. with ة. (TA.) b4: هُلَبٌ [pl. of هُلْبَةٌ] Tails and manes plucked out. (TA.) A2: هُلْبٌ Continuance, or constant succession, of rain. (TA.) رَجُلٌ هَلِب [A man having much hair; of the kind called هُلْب; very hairy: see هَلِبَ:] a man whose هُلْب is growing forth. (TA.) هُلْبَةٌ The hair that is above the pubes, extending near to the navel. (TA.) See هُلْبٌ.

A2: هُلْبَةٌ Severity, or pressure, of fortune: like كُلْبَةٌ and جُلْبَةٌ. (S.) b2: Also, and ↓ هُلُبَّةٌ, Severity, or intenseness, of winter. (K.) أَتَيْتُهُ فِى هلبةِ الشِّتَاءِ I came to him during the severe, or intense, cold of winter. (El-Umawee.) هُلُبَّةٌ: see هُلْبَةٌ.

هَلُوبٌ A woman who draws near to her husband, or ingratiates herself with him; syn. مُتَقَرِّبَةٌ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا; (K, TA;) and is loving, or affectionate, to him; and distant with respect to others. (TA.) b2: Also, contr., A woman who is distant, or shy, with respect to her husband, or who alienates herself from him, or avoids or shuns him, (K,) and draws near to, or ingratiates herself with, her special friend. (TA.) b3: From هَلَبَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ “ he carped at him severely with his tongue; ” because a wife carps either at her husband or at her friend: or, accord. to IAar, in the former sense, from ↓ يَوْمٌ هَلَّابٌ “ a day of gentle, constant, innocuous rain; ” and in the latter sense from the same phrase as signifying “ a day of rain attended by thunder and lightning and terrors, and destructive to dwellings. ” (TA.) هَلِيبٌ and هُلَيْبٌ: see هَلَّابٌ.

هُلَابَةٌ The filth that is washed away from the membrane which encloses the fœtus: (K:) i. q. حُوَلَاءُ: [a word which has two applications, which see:] also called هُلَابَةُ السقاء: (TA:) [but السقاء is written by mistake for السِّقْىِ]. [See also هُلَاتَةٌ.]

هَلَّابٌ (K) and هَلَّابَةٌ (S, K) A cold wind, with rain. (S, ISd, K.) b2: يَوْمٌ هَلَّابٌ A day in which is wind and rain: (S:) a day of rain attended by thunder and lightning and terrors, and destructive to dwellings. (IAar.) b3: Also, A day of gentle, constant, innocuous rain. (IAar.) b4: Also, A day of dry cold; or dry by reason of cold. (Az, in the T, art. حلب.) b5: عَامٌ هَلَّابٌ, and ↓ أَهْلَبُ, A year of much rain. (K.) b6: ↓ عام أَهْلَبُ (tropical:) A plentiful, or fruitful, year; a year of abundant herbage, or vegetation: like

أَزَبُّ. (S.) b7: هَلَّابٌ and ↓ مُهَلِّبٌ and ↓ هَلِيبٌ, (K,) or as in one copy of the K, that of Et-Tabláwee, the last is ↓ هُلَيْبٌ, (TA,) and this is the more correct reading, (MF,) [Three] very cold days, in Kánoon el-'Owwal [or January O. S.]: or in the severe, or intense, cold of winter: (K:) or in the severe, or intense, cold of the month [above mentioned], in the latter part of it. (L.) A2: هَلَّابٌ (tropical:) One who satirizes [and reviles] much: (ISh:) [who carps much and severely at others with his tongue: see 1].

هَالِبُ الشَّعْرِ and مُدَحْرِجُ البَعْرِ [Two] days of winter. (K.) b2: See art. دحرج b3: لَيْلَةٌ هَالِبَةٌ A rainy night. (K.) أَهْلَبُ Having much hair [of the kind called هُلْب]; very hairy: (K:) fem. هَلْبَاءُ. (CK.) A horse having much hair of the kind called هلب: (S:) a coarse-haired man: (TA:) a man having coarse hair upon the part where are the two veins called الأَخْدَعَانِ, and upon his body: (TA:) having much hair upon the head and body. (TA.) b2: أَهْلَبُ A tail cut off. (K.) b3: Also, [accord. to the CK, or,] Having no hair upon it: and, contr., Having much hair: (K:) [in each sense, as seems to be implied in the K, an epithet applied to a tail: but, app., accord. to the TA, applied to a horse]. b4: هَلْبَاءُ, fem., A beast of carriage (TA) having much hair. (K, TA.) b5: هَلْبَاءُ The podex; syn. إِسْتٌ: (K:) used as a subst.; originally an epithet. (TA.) b6: إِيَّاكَ وَأَهْلَبَ العَضْرَطِ Beware of him who has a hairy podex. Originally said by a woman to her son, who was boasting that he found no one whom he did not overcome, and who was afterwards thrown down by a man answering to this description. A proverb used in cautioning the self-conceited. (Meyd, TA.) b7: أَرْضٌ هَلْبَاءُ (tropical:) Land abounding with plants, or herbage. (TA.) b8: Also, [contr.,] (tropical:) Land of which the herbage has been eaten. (TA.) b9: هُلْبَةٌ هَلْبَاءُ (in the CK, هَلْبَةٌ هُلْبَاءُ) A severe calamity. (K.) b10: See هَلَّابٌ.

لَهُ أُهْلُوبٌ He [a horse] has ardour, or impetuosity, in his running &c.: formed by transposition from, or a dial. form of, أُلْهُوبٌ. (M.) عَدْوُهُ ذُو أَهَالِيبَ [His (a horse's) running is of ardent, or impetuous, modes, or manners]. (TA.) b2: أَهْلُوبٌ A kind, or way [or speech]: syn. فَنٌّ (K) and أَسْلُوبٌ: (AO:) pl. أَهَالِيبُ. (AO, K.) b3: اهلوبٌ من الثَّنَاءِ A kind, or way, of praising, or eulogizing. (TA.) مَهْلُوبٌ (S, A, L, Msb) and ↓ مُهَلَّبٌ (TA) A horse having his tail shorn: (Msb:) having the hair of his tail utterly removed: (L:) having his هُلْب [or coarse hair, of the tail &c.,] shorn: (A:) having his هلب plucked out. (S, TA.) مُهَلَّبٌ: see مَهْلُوبٌ.

مُهَلِّبٌ: see هَلَّابٌ.

جر

أ1 جَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَرَآءَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَرَائِيَةٌ and جَرَايَةٌ, with ى [in the place of ء], which is extr., (K,) and جُرْأَةٌ and جُرَةٌ, (S, K,) thus sometimes, without ء, like as one says مَرْأَةٌ and جُرْأَةٌ, (S,) [all mentioned as inf. ns. in the TK, and app. as such in the K, but only the first is explicitly mentioned as an inf. n. in the S and Msb, and ↓ استجرأ is said in the Msb to be a simple subst.,] He was, or became, bold, daring, brave, or courageous; (S, Msb, * K, TA;) so as to attempt, or venture upon, a thing without consideration or hesitation: (TA:) [said of a brute and the like, as well as of a man:] and ↓ استجرأ is syn. therewith. (IJ, W p. 146.) 2 جَرَّأْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ, (inf. n. تَجْرِىْءٌ, K,) I emboldened him, or encouraged him, against him. (S, Msb, * K, TA.) 5 تَجَرَّاَ see 8.8 اجترأ عَلَيْهِ, (S, K,) or ↓ تجرّأ, (Msb,) He became emboldened or encouraged, or he emboldened or encouraged himself, against him. (S, Msb, * K, TA.) b2: اجترأ عَلَى القَوْلِ He ventured upon the saying hastily and unhesitatingly. (Msb.) 10 إِسْتَجْرَاَ see 1.

جُرْأَةٌ Boldness, daringness, bravery, or courage; as also جُرَةٌ: (S: see 1:) the quality of venturing upon a saying [&c.] hastily and unhesitatingly. (Msb.) جَرِىْءٌ Bold, daring, brave, or courageous: (S, Msb, * K, TA:) pl. أَجْرَآءٌ, accord. to a MS. copy of the K; [and so in the CK;] but in the M, أَجْرِئَآءُ, with two hemzehs, on the authority of Lh; and so in some copies of the K; and sometimes جُرَأءُ, like حُلَمَآءُ, occurring in a trad., as some relate it; but the reading commonly known is حُرَأء, with the unpointed ح. (TA.) b2: جَرِىْءُ المُقْدَمِ Bold, daring, brave, or courageous, in venturing [against an adversary, or upon an undertaking]. (S.) b3: الجَرِىْءُ The lion; as also ↓ المُجْتَرِىءُ. (O, K.) جَرِيْئَةٌ A chamber (K, TA) constructed of stones, with a stone placed over its entrance, (TA,) for the purpose of entrapping wild beasts: (K, TA:) the piece of flesh-meat for the wild beast is put in the hinder part of the chamber; and when he enters to take the piece of meat, the stone falls upon the entrance, and closes it: (TA:) pl. جَرَائِىُ (accord. to some copies of the K,) or جَرَائِىءُ, (accord. to others,) mentioned by Az as one of the forms of pl. repudiated by the Arabic grammarians except in some anomalous instances. (TA.) الجِرِّيْئَةُ The قَانِصَة [here app. meaning the stomach, or triple stomach, or the crop, or craw, of a bird], and the حُلْقُوم [here app. meaning the gullet of a bird]; like الجِرِّيَّةُ; (K;) i. e. the حَوْصَلَة [meaning the stomach, or the crop, of a bird]: it is said in the T, on the authority of Az, that القِرِّيَّةُ and الجِرِّيَّةُ and النَّوْطَةُ signify the حَوْصَلَة of a bird. (TA.) المُجْتَرِىءُ: see جَرِىْءٌ.

جز

أ1 جَزَأَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَزْءٌ, (S,) He divided it (a thing, S) into parts, or portions; (S, K;) made it to consist of parts, or portions; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ جزّأهُ, (S, * Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْزِئَةٌ, (S,) or تَجْزِىْءٌ: (Msb:) when that which is divided is property, as, for instance, slaves, only this latter form of the verb, with teshdeed, is used. (TA.) b2: Also, aor. and inf.n. as above, He took a part, or portion, of it; namely, a thing. (Ham p. 117.) And جَزَأَ الشِّعْرَ, inf. n. as above; and ↓ جزّأهُ; He curtailed the poetry of two feet in each verse: or he made the poetry to consist of two feet in each verse. (TA. [See مَجْزُوْءٌ.]) A2: Also He made it firm, fast, or strong; or he bound it firmly, fast, or strongly; (شَدَّهُ;) namely, a thing. (K.) A3: جَزَأَ بِهِ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. جَزْءٌ, (S,) [and app. جُزْءٌ also,] He was, or became, satisfied, or content, with it; namely, a thing; (S, K;) as also جَزِىءَ, a dial. var. mentioned by IAar; (TA;) and به ↓ اجتزأ, (S, Msb, K,) and به ↓ تجزّأ. (S, K.) A poet says, وَإِنَّ المَرْءَ يَجْزَأُ بِالكُرَاعِ [And verily the man is satisfied, or content, with the shank of the sheep or goat &c.]. (TA.) and you say طَعَامٌ لَا جَزْءَ لَهُ Food whereof one is not satisfied with a little. (TA.) And لَهُ فِى هٰذَا غَنَآءٌ وَجُزْءٌ [He has, in this, competence and] sufficiency. (Mgh.) And جَزَأَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالرُّطْبِ عَنِ المَآءِ, (S, Mgh, K,) or [simply] جَزَأَتِ الإِبِلُ, (Har p. 475,) inf. n. جُزْءٌ, with damm, (S, TA,) and جُزُوْءٌ; (TA;) and جَزِئَت, (IAar, K,) and ↓ اجتزأت; (Mgh, and Har ubi suprà;) The camels were satisfied, or content, with green, or fresh, pasture or herbage [so as to be in no need of water]. (S, Mgh, K, TA.) And عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ ↓ اجتزأ [He was content to abstain from, or be without, conjugal intercourse with his wife]. (M in art. ابل.) 2 جَزَّاَ see 1, in two places: A2: and see also 4.4 اجزأهُ It (a thing) satisfied, sufficed, or contented, him. (S, Mgh, K.) [Hence,] اجزأ مُجْزَى

غَيْرِهِ [or مُجْزَأَ غَيْرِهِ] It (a thing) satisfied, sufficed, or contented, in lieu of another thing or other things; stood, or served, in stead thereof. (Msb.) And أَجْزَأْتُ عَنْكَ مُجْزَأَ فُلَانٍ (S, Mgh, K) and مَجْزَأَ فلان and مُجْزَأَةَ فلان and مَجْزَأَةَ فلان, (S, K,) as also مُجْزَى فلان and مُجْزَاةَ فلان without ء and with damm, and مَجْزَى فلان and مَجْزَاةَ فلان, (K in art. جزى,) I satisfied, sufficed, or con tented, thee as such a one; I stood thee, or served thee, in stead of such a one. (S, Mgh, K.) and اجزأ الإِبِلَ بِالرُّطْبِ عَنِ المَآءِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِجْزَآءٌ; (TA;) and ↓ جزّأها, (S, K,) inf. n. تَجْزِئَةٌ, (S,) or تَجْزِىْءٌ; (TA;) He satisfied, or contented, the camels with green, or fresh, pasture or hesrbage [so that they were in no need of water]. (S, K.) b2: اجزأ is also syn. with جَزَى; the former being of the dial. of Temeem, and the latter of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (Akh, Msb;) and one may suppress the ء, and say أَجْزَى: (Mgh, Msb:) this last is used by some of the lawyers in the sense of [جَزَى, i. e.] قَضَى. (Az, Mgh, Msb.) One says, أَجْزَأَتٌ عَنْكَ شَاةٌ A sheep, or goat, made satisfaction for thee (S, Msb, * K, TA) as a sacrifice; (TA;) syn. قَضَتْ; (S, Msb, K;) the verb being here a dial. var. of جَزَتْ. (S, K.) And البَدَنَةُ تَجْزِئُ عَنْ سَبْعَةٍ The camel, or cow, makes satisfaction for seven: or serves in stead of seven. (Mgh.) and هٰذَا يُجْزِئ ُعَنْ هٰذَا [This will make satisfaction, for this: or this will serve in stead of this]: and, accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, يُجْزِى also, suppressing the ء (Mgh.) b3: Also, said of pasture, or herbage, (K, TA,) and of a meadow, (TA,) (tropical:) It was, or became, luxuriant: (K, TA:) because satisfying the beasts that feed upon it. (TA.) b4: And, said of a company of men, They had their camels satisfied with green, or fresh, pasture or herbage [so that they were in no need of water]. (TA.) A2: أَجْزَأَتْ She (a woman) brought forth females. (K. [But see جُزْءٌ, from which it is derived.]) A3: اجزأ He furnished an awl (مِخْصَف, S, K, or إِشْفَى, S), (S, K,) or a knife, (Msb,) with a جُزْأَة, i. e. handle; (S, Msb, K;) as also اجزى. (Msb.) b2: اجزأ الخَاتَمَ فِىإِصْبَعِهِ He put the ring upon his finger. (K.) 5 تجزّأ It became divided into parts, or portions. (Msb, KL.) A2: See also 1.8 إِجْتَزَاَ see 1, in three places.

جَزْءٌ: see جُزْءٌ.

A2: It is said by El-Khattábee to be a name for رُطب [app. meaning رُطْبٌ, i. e. Green, or fresh, pasture or herbage, (see 1 and 4,)], with the people of El-Medeeneh; and occurs in a trad.; but the reading commonly known is جرو. (TA.) جُزْءٌ A part, or portion, (Msb, K, TA,) or division, (TA,) of a thing; (Msb, TA;) properly and conventionally; (TA;) as also ↓ جَزْءٌ; (K;) a constituent part of a thing, as of a ship, and of a house or tent, and of a sum in reckoning; (B, TA;) [an ingredient of any compound or mixture;] a share, or lot: (TA:) pl. أَجْزَآءٌ: (S, Msb, K, &c. :) it has no other pl. (Sb, TA.) b2: [A volume of a book.] b3: A foot of a verse. (TA.) b4: In the Kur [xliii. 14], where it is said, وَجَعَلُوا لَهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ جُزْءًا, (K, TA,) or, as some read, جُزُءًا, (Bd,) it means Females; (K, TA;;) i. e., they asserted the angels to be the daughters of God: so says Th: and Aboo-Is-hák says that it means, they asserted God's share of offspring to be the females; but that he had not found this in old poetry, nor had persons worthy of confidence related it on the authority of the Arabs [of the classical times]: Z disallows it, asserting it to be a lie against the Arabs; and Bd follows him: El-Khafájee says that the word may be used figuratively; for, as Eve was created of a part (جُزْء) of Adam, the word جزء may be applied to denote the female. (MF, TA.) جُزْأَةٌ The handle of the [kind of awl called]

مِخْصَف, (S, K,) and of the إِشْفِى: (S:) Az says that it is not [the handle, or hilt,] of the sword, nor of the dagger; but is the handle of the مِئْثَرَة with which camels' feet are branded. (TA.) [See also ضَبَّةٌ.] b2: A vine-prop; (K, TA;) a piece of wood with which a vine is raised from the ground. (TA.) b3: In the dial. of the tribe of Sheybán, The hinder, or hindermost, شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] of a tent. (TA.) جُزْئِىٌّ Relating to a part or portion or division; partial; particular; contr. of كُلِّىٌّ. b2: And, as a subst., A particular: pl. جُزْئِيَّاتٌ.]

جُزْئِيَّةٌ The quality of relating to a part or portion or division; relation to a part &c.; particularity.]

جَزِىْءٌ Satisfying food; as also ↓ مُجْزِئٌ; (Fr, K;) like شَبِيعٌ and مُشْبِعٌ. (Fr, TA.) جَازِئٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. b2: هٰذَا رَجُلٌ جَازِئُكَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ This is a man sufficing thee as a man. (K, * TA.) b3: ظَبْيَةٌ جَازِئَةٌ A doe-gazelle that is satisfied with green, or fresh, pasture or herbage [so as to be in no need of water]: pl. جَوَازِئُ. (S.) The pl. is explained by IKt as meaning Gazelles: (TA:) [or] it signifies [or signifies also] Wild bulls or cows; (K, TA;) because they are satisfied with green, or fresh, pasture or herbage so as to be in no need of water. (TA.) Also, the pl., Palm-trees; as not needing irrigation. (TA.) أَجْزَأُ More [and most] satisfying or sufficing or satisfactory: hence, الفَارِسُ أَجْزَأُ مِنَ الرَّاجِلِ [The horseman is more satisfactory than the footman]. (Mgh.) مَجْزَأٌ and مُجْزَأٌ are used as inf. ns. of 4 [q. v.]. (TA.) مُجْزِئٌ: see جَزِىْءٌ. b2: Also A strong, fat, camel; because sufficing for the wants of the rider and carrier. (TA.) A2: Also, and مُجْزِئَةٌ, A woman who brings forth females. (TA. [But see جُزْءٌ, from which the verb is derived.]) مَجْزَأَةٌ and مُجْزَأَةٌ are used as inf. ns. of 4 [q. v.]. (TA.) مَجْزُوْءٌ Divided into parts, or portions. (TA.) b2: [Having a part, or portion, taken from it: see 1.] b3: A verse curtailed of two [of the original] feet: [like the هَزَج and مُضَارِع &c., which were originally of six feet each, but of which every known example is of four only:] or a verse consisting of two feet only: [as a kind of the رَجَز, and two kinds of the مُنْسَرِح: to each of which, or, accord. to some, to the former of which only, when thus consisting of only two feet, the term مَنْهُوكٌ is also applied:] the former is said to be عَلَى السَّلْبِ; and the latter, عَلَى

الوُجُوبِ. (TA.)

جهد

1 جَهَدَ, (S, A, L, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. جَهْدٌ, (TA,) He strove, laboured, or toiled; exerted himself or his power or efforts or endeavours or ability; employed himself vigorously, strenuously, laboriously, diligently, studiously, sedulously, earnestly, or with energy; was diligent, or studious; took pains, or extraordinary pains; (S, A, L, K;) فِى كَذَا in such a thing; (S;) or فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair; (A;) as also ↓ اجتهد; (A, K;) and so ↓ جاهد, with respect to speech and actions: (L:) or جَهَدَ فِى الأَمْرِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, he did his utmost, or used his utmost power or efforts or endeavours or ability, in prosecuting the affair: (Msb:) and ↓ اجتهد and ↓ تجاهد he exerted unsparingly his power, or ability: (S, A, K:) or فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ اجتهد he exerted unsparingly his power, or ability, in the prosecution of the affair, so as to effect his utmost. (Msb.) You say also, اِجْهَدْ جَهَدَكَ فِى هذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) Do thine utmost in this affair: (Fr, S, K: *) but not جُهْدَكَ. (Fr, S.) And رَأْيَهُ ↓ اجتهد (tropical:) He took pains, or put himself to trouble or fatigue, to form a right judgment or opinion. (MA.) And رَأْيِى وَنَفْسِى حَتَّى ↓ اِجْتَهَدْتُ بَلَغْتُ مَجْهُودِى (assumed tropical:) I exerted my judgment and my mind so that I attained the utmost of my power, or ability. (T, L.) b2: جَهَدَبِهِ He tried, proved, or examined, him, (L, K,) عَنِ الخَيْرِ وَ غَيْرِهِ [respecting good qualities, &c.]. (L.) A2: جَهَدَهُ, (Mgh, L, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, L,) inf. n. جَهْدٌ, (L, Msb,) It, (an affair, and a disease,) and he, (a man,) affected him severely; harassed, embarrassed, distressed, afflicted, troubled, inconvenienced, fatigued, or wearied, him: (Msb:) it (disease, L and K, and fatigue, and love, L) rendered him lean; emaciated him: (L, K:) he burdened him beyond his power; imposed upon him that which was beyond his power; as also ↓ اجهدهُ: (Mgh:) and, [as also ↓ اجهدهُ,] he importuned him, harassed him, or plied him hard, in asking, begging, or petitioning. (A.) [Hence,] جُهِدَ, said of a man, He was severely affected, harassed, embarrassed, distressed, afflicted, troubled, inconvenienced, fatigued, or wearied: (S, L:) or was grieved, or made sorry or unhappy. (L.) and أَصَابَهُمْ قُحُوطٌ مِنَ المَطَرِ فَجُهِدُوا جَهْدًا شَدِيدًا Drought befell them, and they consequently became severely distressed. (S.) And جُهِدُوا They were, or became, afflicted with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth. (L.) And رَجُلٌ يَجْهَدُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ سِلَاحَهُ مِنَ الضَّعْفِ, for يَجْهَدُ نَفْسَهُ, A man who imposes upon himself a difficulty, or trouble, or fatigue, or a difficult or severe task, or who strains, or strains himself, in the carrying of his weapons, or arms, by reason of weakness. (Mgh.) And جَهَدَ دَابَّتَهُ and ↓ اجهدها He jaded, harassed, distressed, fatigued, or wearied, his beast; i. q. ↓ بَلَغَ جَهْدَهَا: (K:) or he tasked, or plied, his beast beyond his power in journeying, or marching, or in respect of pace. (S, Msb.) And أَجْهَدْتُهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا [I importuned him, or harassed him, to do such and such things]. (L.) b2: Also, (S, Msb,) aor. as above, (A,) and so the inf. n., (Msb,) (tropical:) He deprived it (namely, milk,) of its butter, (S, A, K,) entirely: (S, K:) or churned it so as to extract its butter and render it sweet and pleasant: or mixed it with water: (Msb:) or diluted it so that it consisted for the most part of water: and in like CCC manner is used in relation to broth. (A.) b3: Hence, (Msb,) جَهَدَهَا (assumed tropical:) He lay with her; or compressed her: (L, Msb, from a trad.:) or i. q. دَفَعَهَا, and حَفَزَهَا [which has a similar meaning]. (L.) b4: جَهَدَ الطَّعَامِ (assumed tropical:) He desired the food eagerly; longed for it; (S, K;) as also ↓ اجهدهُ. (K.) And جُهِدَ الطَّعَامُ and ↓ أُجْهِدَ (assumed tropical:) The food was eagerly desired, or longed for. (S.) b5: Also (tropical:) He ate much of the food: (S, K:) he left nothing of it. (A.) You say also, هٰذَا كَلَأٌ يَجْهَدُهُ المَالُ (assumed tropical:) This is herbage, or pasture, of which the cattle eat perseveringly. (AA, TA.) A3: جَهِدَ It (a state of life) was, or became, hard, difficult, strait, or distressful. (S, K.) 3 جِهَادٌ, inf. n. of جاهد, properly signifies The using, or exerting, one's utmost power, efforts, endeavours, or ability, in contending with an object of disapprobation; and this is of three kinds, namely, a visible enemy, the devil, and one's self; all of which are included in the term as used in the Kur xxii. 77. (Er-Rághib, TA.) See also 1, first sentence. You say, جاهد العَدُوَّ, (JK, A, Mgh,) inf. n. as above (JK, Mgh, K) and مُجَاهَدَةٌ, (JK, K,) He fought with the enemy: (K:) or he encountered the enemy, imposing upon himself difficulty or distress or fatigue, or exerting his power or efforts or endeavours or ability, [or the utmost thereof,] to repel him, his enemy doing the like: and hence جاهد came to be used by the Muslims to signify generally he fought, warred, or waged war, against unbelievers and the like. (Mgh.) You say also, جاهد فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ, inf. n. جِهَادٌ (S, Msb) and مُجَاهَدَةٌ, (S,) [He fought, &c., in the way of God; i. e., in the cause of religion.]4 اجهد, as trans.: see 1, in six places. b2: Also He made, or incited, another, to strive or labour or toil, to exert himself or his power or efforts or endeavours or ability, &c.; trans. of 1 in the first of the senses assigned to it above. (JK.) b3: أُجْهِدَ He was thrown into a state of difficulty, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, or fatigue. (L.) b4: اجهد مَالَهُ He consumed, or wasted, and dispersed, his property: (K:) or gave it away, and dispersed it, altogether, here and there. (En-Nadr, TA.) A2: As intrans., He (an enemy) strove, laboured, or exerted himself, in enmity, (K, TA,) عَلَيْنَا against us. (TA.) b2: He acted with energy, or with the utmost energy: so in the phrases سَارَ فَأَجْهَدَ He marched, or journeyed, and did so with energy, or with the utmost energy; and حَلَفَ بِاللّٰهِ فَأَجْهَدَ He swore by God, and did so with energy, &c.: in which cases one should not say فَجَهَدَ. (Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, L.) b3: He took the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, and sound judgment, فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair; syn. اِحْتَاطَ. (L, K.) b4: He became in a state of difficulty, embarrassment, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, or fatigue. (L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) became mixed, or confused. (K.) A3: He entered upon land such as is termed جَهَاد: he went forth into the desert; and into the plain, or open country. (JK.) b2: It rose up; rose into view; appeared. (JK.) You say, اجهد لِىَ القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, came within my sight, or view; syn. أَشْرَفُوا. (AA, K.) And اجهد فِيهِ الشَّيْبُ Hoariness appeared upon him, and became much: (TA:) or (tropical:) became much, and spread: (A:) or became much, and was quick in its progress, (K, TA,) and spread. (TA.) And أَجْهَدَتْ لَهُ الأَرْضُ The land became open to him. (L, K. *) And in like manner, اجهد له الطَّرِيقُ, (L,) and الحَقُّ, (L, K, *) The road, and (assumed tropical:) the truth, became open, apparent, and manifest, to him. (L, K. *) And اجهد لَكَ الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The thing became, or has become, within thy power, or reach; (Aboo-Sa'eed, K;) and offered, or presented, itself to thee. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) 6 تَجَاْهَدَ see 1.8 إِجْتَهَدَ see 1, in five places. b2: اِجْتِهَادٌ as a conventional term means A lawyer's exerting the faculties [of the mind] to the utmost, for the purpose of forming an opinion in a case of law [respecting a doubtful and difficult point]: (KT:) the seeking to form a right opinion: (KL:) [investigation of the law, or the working out a solution of any difficulty in the law, by means of reason and comparison: and] the referring a case proposed to the judge, [respecting a doubtful and difficult point,] from the method of analogy, to the Kur-Án and the Sunneh. (L, TA. *) جَهْدٌ Power; ability; as also ↓ جُهْدٌ; (S, A, IAth, L, Msb, K;) the latter of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and the former of other dials.; (Msb;) and ↓ مَجْهُودٌ: (A:) جهد in the Kur ix. 80 is read both جَهْد and ↓ جُهد: (S:) and جَهْدٌ signifies also labour, toil, exertion, effort, endeavour, energy, diligence, painstaking, or extraordinary painstaking: (L: [see جَهَدَ:]) or ↓ جُهْدٌ has the signification first mentioned above, (Fr, S, IAth, Msb,) and جَهْدٌ, with fet-h, is from اِجْهَدْ جَهْدَكَ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ, (Fr, S,) or from جَهَدَ فِى الأَمْرِ, being an inf. n. from this verb, (Msb,) and signifies, [as also ↓ مَجْهُودٌ,] one's utmost; the utmost of one's power or ability or efforts or endeavours or energy. (Fr, S, IAth, Msb, K.) You say, بَذَلَ الجَهْدَ, (Msb in art. بلغ, &c.,) and ↓ المَجْهُودَ, (S, A,) or جَهْدَهُ, (Mgh,) [and ↓ مَجْهُودَهُ,] He exerted unsparingly his power or ability: (Mgh:) [or his utmost power or ability or efforts or endeavours or energy; as shown above.] And بَلَغَ جَهْدَهُ, (A, L,) and ↓ مَجْهُودَهُ, (A,) He accomplished the utmost of his power or ability; did his utmost. (A, L. [Like جَهَدَ جَهْدَهُ. See also بَلَغَ جَهْدَ دَابَّتِهِ, below.]) And ↓ جُهَيْدَى is syn. with جَهْدٌ; (K;) as in the saying, لَأَبْلُغَنَّ جُهَيْدَاىَ فِى الأَمْرِ (JK, TK,) i. e. I will assuredly accomplish the utmost of my power, or ability, in the affair. (TK. [In a copy of the A, جُهَيْدَاكَ; and so in the TA, I believe from that same copy.]) [So, too, is ↓ جُهَادَى; as in the saying,] جُهَادَاكَ

أَنْ تَفْعَلَ The utmost of thy power, or ability, and the utmost of thy case, is, or will be, thy doing [such a thing]; syn. قُصَارَاكَ [q. v.], (JK, K,) and غَايَةُ أَمْرِكَ. (TA.) الَّذِينَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ

أَيْمَانِهِمْ, in the Kur [v. 58, &c.], means Who swore by God with the most energetic of their oaths: (K, * Jel:) or the strongest, or most forcible, of their oaths; جهد being originally an inf. n., and in the accus. as a denotative of state with يَجْهَدُونَ understood before it, or as an inf. n. (Bd.) b2: Also Difficulty, or grievousness; embarrassment, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, fatigue, or weariness; (S, A, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K;) so accord. to some who say that ↓ جُهْدٌ, with damm, has the first of the significations assigned to it above; (Msb;) as also ↓ مَجْهُودٌ: (Mgh:) a disease, or difficulty, that distresses or afflicts, a man; as also ↓ جُهْدٌ. (JK.) Hence, جَهْدُ البَلَآءِ, (Msb,) i. e. A state of difficulty, or trouble, to which death is preferred: or largeness of one's family, or household, combined with poverty. (L, K. *) [Hence also,] بَلَغَ جَهْدَ دَابَّتِهِ, [i. e. بَلَغَ مَشَقَّتَهَا,] i. q. جَهَدَهَا: see 1. (K.) b3: Also Small provision, upon which a man possessing little property can live (JK, L) with difficulty. (L.) And جَهْدٌ المُقِلِّ What a man who possesses little property can afford to give in payment of the poor-rate required by the law. (L, from a trad.) جُهْدٌ: see جَهْدٌ, in five places.

A2: Also Milk mixed [with water: see مَجْهُودٌ]. (JK.) جَهَادٌ Hard land: (JK, S:) or land in which is no herbage: (TA:) or hard land in which is no herbage: (K:) or level, or even, land: or rugged land: also used as an epithet; so that you say أَرْضٌ جَهَادٌ: (TA:) or level, smooth land, in which is no hill: (JK:) or the most plain and even of land, whether it have produced herbage or not, not having any mountain or hill near it: and such is what is termed a صَحْرَآء: (ISh, TA:) or an open tract of land: (Fr, TA:) or sterile, barren, or unfruitful, land, in which is nothing; as also جَمَادٌ: pl. جُهُدٌ. (AA, L.) A2: Also The fruit of the أَرَاك; (IAar, K;) and so جَهَاضٌ. (IAar, TA.) مَرْعًى جَهِيدٌ (tropical:) Pasture much eaten by cattle. (S, A, K.) And أَرْضٌ جَهِيدَةُ الكَلَأِ (tropical:) Land of which the herbage is much eaten by cattle. (A.) جُهَادَى: see جَهْدٌ.

جُهَيْدَى: see جَهْدٌ.

جَاهِدٌ [Striving, labouring, or toiling; &c.: see 1. Hence,] سَيْرُنَا جَاهِدٌ [Our journeying is laborious]. (TA in art. اخو.) And جَهْدٌ جَاهِدٌ [Intense labour or exertion, or the like: or severe difficulty or distress &c.]: an intensive expression, (K, TA,) like شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ and لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Eagerly desiring [food]; longing for [it]: (JK, S:) pl. أَجْهَادٌ. (JK.) b3: غَرْثَانُ جَاهِدٌ (tropical:) Hungry and greedy, leaving no food. (A.) مُجْهَدٌ A man thrown into a state of difficulty, embarrassment, distress, affliction, inconvenience, trouble, or fatigue. (L.) هُوَ مُجْهَدُ لَكَ He is one who takes the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or sound judgment, for thee; syn. مُحْتِيطٌ. (L.) and نَصِيحٌ مُجْهِدٌ A sincere, or faithful, and careful, adviser, or counsellor. (L.) b2: رَجُلٌ مُجْهِدٌ A man in a state of difficulty, embarrassment, distress, affliction, inconvenience, trouble or fatigue: possessing little property; poor. (L.) b3: And A man whose beast is weak by reason of fatigue. (L.) مَجْهُودٌ Severely affected, harassed, embarrassed, distressed, afflicted, troubled, inconvenienced, fatigued, or wearied: (S, Mgh, L:) distressed, or afflicted, by disease or difficulty: (JK:) afflicted with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth: (L:) and angry. (JK.) b2: A hard, difficult, strait, or distressful, state of life. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) Milk deprived of its butter (S, A) entirely: (S:) or mixed with water: (Msb:) or diluted so as to consist for the most part of water; and in like manner, broth: (A:) or churned so that its butter is extracted and it is rendered sweet and pleasant: and used as meaning eagerly desired, or longed for, and drunk without its occasioning disgust, by reason of its sweetness and pleasantness: (Msb:) or eagerly desired, or longed for; and so food in general: (JK, L:) or eagerly desired, or longed for, and drunk with perseverance, on account of its pleasantness and sweetness. (L.) A2: See also جَهْدٌ, in six places.

جير

2 جيّر He plastered a watering-trough or tank with جَيَّار. (TA.) جَيْرِ, with kesr to the ر, (S, Mughnee, K, &c.,) like أَمْسِ; (Mughnee;) and جَيْرَ, like أَيْنَ; and sometimes جَيْرٍ; (Mughnee, K;) or this, where it occurs, is for جَيْرِ إِنَّ, and is properly written جَيْرِنْ, إِنَّ in the sense of نَعَمْ being a corroborative of جَيْرِ, and its hemzeh and sheddeh and final vowel being here suppressed: (Mughnee:) a form of oath, (S, K,) or put in the place of an oath, (IAmb, TA,) meaning Verily, or truly; syn. حَقًّا: (S, K:) or a responsive particle, (Mughnee,) meaning yes; syn. نَعَمْ [which is most approved as responsive to an interrogation], (Mughnee, K,) or أَجَلْ [which is most approved as responsive to an affirmation]; (Sharh et-Tesheel, K;) not a noun in the sense of حَقًّا, for were it so it would be an inf. n.; nor in the sense of أَبَدًا, for were it so it would be an adv. n. of time; and if it were a noun it would be decl., and would admit the article ال, and would not have إِنَّ for a corroborative, nor have لَا opposed to it, as it has in the saying, إِذَا تَقُولُ لَا ابْنَةُ العُجَيْرِ تَصْدُقُ لَا إِذَا تَقُولُ جَيْرِ [When the daughter of El-'Ojeyr says لا, she speaks truly: not when she says جير]: (Mughnee:) or it is a verbal noun, meaning I know; syn. أَعْرِفُ; as is mentioned by Ibn-Abi-r-Rabeea, and by Er-Radee on the authority of 'Abd-El- Káhir. (MF.) You say, جَيْرِ لَا آتِيكَ Verily, or truly, [&c.,] I will not come to thee. (S.) and جَيْرِ لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ Verily, or truly, [&c.,] I will not do that. (K, * TA.) And لَا جَيْرِ لَا أَفْعَلُ No, verily, or truly, [&c.,] I will not do [that]. (K.) جِيرٌ Gypsum; syn. جِصٌّ. (IAar, TA.) [In modern Arabic, Lime: see also what next follows.]

جَيَّارٌ Quick lime, and the mixtures thereof, with which are plastered watering-troughs or tanks, and baths; syn. صَارُوجٌ: (S, K:) quick lime and gypsum mixed with ashes: (IAar TA:) or quick lime alone. (TA. [See also جِيرٌ.]) A2: [A limeburner: so in the present day: see أَتُونٌ.]

A3: Heat in the chest, by reason of rage or hunger; as also ↓ جَائِرٌ: (S, K:) or cough, or the like. (Ham p. 56.) It is app. of the measure فَعَّالٌ; or it may be of the measure فَيْعَالٌ; or فَوْعَالٌ [originally جَوْيَارٌ]. (IJ, TA.) b2: Strength, or vehemence. (TA.) جَائِرٌ: see جَيَّارٌ.

مُجَيَّرٌ A watering-trough or tank made small: or made deep: or plastered with gypsum. (K.)

جحش

1 جَحَشَهُ, (Ks, S, Mgh, K, *) aor. ـَ (Mgh, K,) inf. n. جَحْشٌ, (S, K,) It scratched it, or the like, (namely the skin, S, Mgh, K, or a man's side, Ks,) so as to abrade the surface, (Mgh, K,) or so as to abrade the skin; (Ks;) syn. سَحَجَهُ, (Ks, K,) and قَشَرَهُ: (Mgh, K:) or i. q. خَدَشَهُ: or it signifies more than this last: (Ks, K:) or less than this last: (Lth, K:) and it (an arrow) made a mark upon it; [or grazed it;] namely, a wall. (Mgh.) You say, أَصَابَهُ شَىْءٌ فَجَحَشَ وَجْهَهُ [A thing struck him, and abraded the surface of the skin of his face]: and بِهِ جَحْشٌ [in him, or it, is an abrasion of the skin]: (S, TA:) or جَحْشٌ is not in the face, nor [anywhere] in the body [except in the side]. (L, TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting Mohammad, سَقَطَ مِنْ فَرَسٍ فَجُحِشَ شِقَّهُ He fell from a horse, and the skin of his side was scratched, or lacerated, or abraded. (Mgh, * TA.) [See also مَجْحُوشٌ.]

جَحْشٌ A young ass; (S, Msb, K;) domestic and wild: or before it becomes big: (TA:) or from the time when it is brought forth until it becomes big from sucking: when it has completed the year, it is called تَوْلَبٌ: (As:) [or the latter is applied to a wild ass of that age:] pl. [of pauc.] أَجْحَاشٌ (so in a copy of the S) and [of mult.] جِحَاشٌ and جِحْشَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُحُوشٌ (Msb) and جِحَشَةٌ: (As, TA:) [dim. جُحَيْشٌ:] and fem. جَحْشَةٌ. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., الجَحْشَ لَمَّا بَذَّكَ الأَعْيَارُ, (A, TA,) i. e., Seek thou, or pursue thou, the young ass when the full-grown asses outstrip thee: applied to him who seeks much, and it escapes him; so one says to him, Seek thou less than that. (TA.) [Meyd gives فَاتَكَ in the place of بَذَّكَ.] b2: Also (tropical:) A mare's colt; (A, K;) as being likened to a young ass. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) A gazelle; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) in the dial. of Hudheyl: (TA:) or a young gazelle; (A, TA;) in that dial.; occurring in a poem of Aboo-Dhu-eyb; but accord. to one relation, the word there is خشْف. (TA.) جَحِيشٌ The side, (K, TA,) of a man: (TA:) and a lateral, or an adjacent, part, or place, or tract. (Sh, K.) You say, أُصِيبَ جَحِيشُهُ His side was hit, or hurt. (TA.) And نَزَلَ فُلَانٌ الجَحِيشَ Such a one alighted in the adjacent part or tract. (TA.) A2: A man who retires to a distance, apart from others: (S:) who alights apart from others, and does not mix with them: (IDrd, K:) who lives alone, with none to incommode him in his house. (AHn.) You say, نَزَلَ فُلَانٌ جَحِيشًا Such a one alighted alone; apart from others. (TA.) جُحَيْشٌ [dim. of جَحْشٌ]. You say, هُوَ جُحَيْشُ وَحْدِهِ (tropical:) He is one who follows his own opinion only, (S, A, K,) who has his gain to himself exclusively, (TA,) and does not consult others, nor mix with them; (K, TA;) as also عُيَيْرُ وَحْدِهِ; [q. v.;] meaning dispraise; (S, A, TA;) the man being thereby likened to a [little] young ass. (TA.) بَيْتٌ جَاحِشٌ [A tent] apart from the tribe. (TA.) مَجْحُوشٌ One whose side (جَحِيشُهُ, TA) is hit, or hurt. (K, TA.)

جذع

4 اجذع, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِجْذَاعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He (a beast) became such as is denoted by the term جَذَعٌ; (TA;) said of the offspring of the sheep or goat, he became in his second year; of that of the cow, and of a solidhoofed beast, he became in his third year; and of that of the camel, he became in his fifth year: (S, Msb, K:) but sometimes, when said of the offspring of the ewe, it means he became six months old, or nine months old; and such is allowable as a victim for sacrifice: (S:) IAar says, it denotes a time, not a tooth (Mgh, Msb) growing or falling out: (Msb:) and said of a she-goat, اجذعت means she became a year old, and sometimes, less than a year, by reason of plenty of food; and of a sheep, اجذع means, when from young parents, he became from six months old to seven; and when from very old parents, from eight months old to ten. (Mgh, Msb.) [See جَذَعٌ, below.]6 تجاذع (tropical:) He (a man) pretended to be a جَذَع [or youth]. (TA.) جِذْعٌ The trunk of a palm-tree: (S, * Msb, K:) or, accord to some, only after it has become dry: or, accord. to some, only after it has been cut: (TA:) or the trunk of a tree when the head has gone: (Ham p. 656:) in the Kur, xix. 23, it is applied to the trunk of a palm-tree which had become dry and was without a head; (Bd;) therefore this does not indicate any restriction nor the contrary: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أجْذَاعٌ (Msb) and [of mult.] جُذُوعٌ. (S, Msb.) b2: The beam of a roof. (Msb, TA.) جَذَعٌ A beast (Lth, Mgh) before the ثَنِىّ [q. v.], (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) by one year; when it may for the first time be ridden and used: (Lth:) fem. with ة: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. masc. [of pauc.] أجْذَاعٌ (Yoo, O) and [of mult.] جُذْعَانٌ (Yoo, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جِذْعَانٌ (L, Msb) and جِذَاعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُذَاعٌ; (Yoo, O;) and pl. fem. جَذَعَاتٌ: (S, Msb:) it is a name applied to the beast in a particular time, not denoting a tooth growing or falling out: (S, K:) but it differs in its application to different kinds of beasts: (Az:) applied to a sheep or goat, it means a year old; (IAar;) in his second year: (Mgh:) or, applied to a sheep, a year old; and sometimes less than a year, by reason of plenty of food; (IAar;) or eight months old, (Az, Mgh, TA,) or nine; (TA;) or, when from young parents, from six months old to seven; and when from very old parents from eight months old to ten; (IAar, Mgh;) and the sheep thus called is a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (Mgh, TA:) and applied to a goat, a year old; (Az, Mgh;) or in its second year; (Az;) but the goat thus called is not a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (Mgh:) applied to a bull, it means in like manner in his second year; (Mgh;) or in his third year; and the bull thus called is not a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (TA:) applied to a horse, it means in his third year; (IAar;) or in his fourth year: (Mgh:) [but see قَارِحٌ:] and applied to a camel, in his fifth year; (Az, Mgh;) fem. with ة; and this (a جذعة) is what must be given for the poor-rate when the camels are more than sixty. (Az, TA.) [See also شَصَرٌ.] b2: A youth, or young man. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) One who is light-witted, or weak and stupid, like a youth: opposed in this sense to بَازِلٌ as meaning “ old: ” (IAar, TA:) or one whose teeth have fallen out, here and there, [as though likened to a beast thus termed that has shed some of his first teeth,] because he has drawn near to his appointed term of life. (TA: [but it is not quite clear whether this explanation relate to جذع or to بازل.]) b4: (tropical:) [A novice, or recent beginner.] You say, فُلَانٌ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ جَذَعٌ (tropical:) [Such a one, in this affair, is a novice, or recent beginner,] when he has begun it recently. (S, Z.) b5: الدَّهْرُ جَذَعٌ أَبَدًا (tropical:) Time, or fortune, is ever new, like a youth. (K, * TA.) b6: Hence, (TA,) الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune; (S, K;) as in the saying, أَهْلَكَهُمُ الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune, destroyed them; and لَا آتِيكَ الأَزْلَمَ الجَذَعَ (tropical:) I will not come to thee ever. (TA.) [See also art. زلم.] And accord. to some, (S,) The lion: (S, K:) but this is a mistake. (IB, L.) b7: And hence, (TA,) أُمُّ الجَذَعِ (tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune. (K, TA.) b8: أَعَدْتُ الأَمْرَ جَذَعًا (tropical:) I renewed the thing, or affair, as it was at the first: as, for instance, a war which had been extinguished. (TA.) And فَرَّ الأَمْرَ جَذَعًا [signifies, in like manner, (tropical:) He recommenced the thing: or] he commenced the thing. (TA.) And فُرَّ الأَمْرُ جَذَعًا (tropical:) The thing was commenced: (TA:) or the thing returned to its first state; it recommenced. (K in art. فر.) b9: جُذْعَانُ الجِبَالِ (assumed tropical:) Small mountains. (K.) جُذُوعَةٌ [The state of being what is denoted by the term جَذَعٌ;] a subst. from إِجْذَاعٌ [inf. n. of اجذع]. (TA.) جَذْعَمَةٌ Young; (S, K, * TA;) not arrived at puberty: (TA:) originally جَذْعَةٌ; (S, K;) the م being augmentative: (S:) the ة is either to give intensiveness to the meaning, or to denote the fem. gender; the word being considered as implying the meaning of نَفْسٌ or جُثَّةٌ. (TA.) خَرُوفٌ مُتَجَاذِعٌ [A lamb approaching the age in which the term جَذَعٌ is applied to him: expl. in some copies of the K by دَانٍ: in others, by وَانٍ:] in the copies of the O, expl. by وَانٍ مِنَ الإِجْذَاعِ: in the TS and in the A, by دَانٍ, which is probably the right reading. (TA.) Quasi جذعم جَذْعَمَةٌ: see art. جذع.