زين

1 زَانَهُ, (S, MA, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. زَيْنٌ; (MA, Msb, KL, TA;) and ↓ زيّنهُ, (S, MA, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَزْيِينٌ; (Msb, KL, TA;) and ↓ أَزَانَهُ, (Msb, K,) and ↓ أَزْيَنَهُ, (K,) which is its original form, (TA,) inf. n. إِزَانَةٌ; (Msb;) signify the same; (S, MA, Msb, K;) He, or it, adorned, ornamented, decorated, decked, bedecked, garnished, embellished, beautified, or graced, him, or it. (MA, KL, PS: [and the like is indicated in the S and Msb and K.]) [زَانَهُ said of a quality, and of an action, and of a saying, is best rendered It adorned him, or graced him, or was an honour to him; contr. of شَانَهُ; as is indicated in the S and K: and sometimes means it was his pride: and ↓ زيّنهُ means as expl. above: and he embellished it, dressed it up, or trimmed it; said in this sense as relating to language: and he embellished it, or dressed it up, namely, an action &c. to another (لِغَيْرِهِ); often said in this sense of the Devil; (as in the Kur vi. 43, &c.;) i. e. he commended it to him:] زَانَهُ كَذَا and ↓ زيّنهُ [Such a thing adorned him, &c.,] are expl. as said when one's excellence [فَضْلُهُ, as I read for فعله, an evident mistranscription,] appears either by speech or by action: and اللّٰهِ لِلْأَشْيَآءِ ↓ تَزْيِينُ [God's adorning, &c., of things] is sometimes by means of his creating them مُزَيَّنَة [i. e. adorned, &c.]; and النَّاسِ ↓ تَزْيِينُ [The adorning, &c., of men], by their abundance of property, and by their speech, i. e. by their extolling Him. (Er-Rághib, TA.) One says, زَانَهُ الحُسْنُ [Beauty adorned, or graced, him, or it]. And Mejnoon says, فَيَا رَبِّ إِذْ صَيَّرْتَ لَيْلَى لِىَ الهَوَى

فَزِنِّى لِعَيْنَيْهَا كَمَا زِنْتَهَا لِيَا [And, O my Lord, since Thou hast made Leylà to be to me the object of love, then grace Thou me to her eyes like as Thou hast graced her to me]. (S, TA: but in the former, مِنَ الهَوى in the place of لِىَ الهَوَى. [The reading in the S means of the objects of love: for هَوًى, being originally an inf. n., may be used alike as sing. and pl.]) السِّلْعَةِ فِى البَيْعِ ↓ تَزْيِينُ [means The setting off, or commending, of a commodity in selling; and] is allowed, if without concealment of a fault, or defect, from the purchaser, and without lying in the attribution and description of the article. (TA.) 2 زَيَّنَ see above, in six places.4 أَزَانَهُ and أَزْيَنَهُ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: See also the paragraph here following.5 تزيّن and ↓ اِزْدَانَ, (S, K,) the latter of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ, [originally اِزْتَيَنَ, and then اِزْتَانَ,] (S,) quasi-pass. verbs, [the former of زَيَّنَهُ and the latter of زَانَهُ,] (K,) signify the same; (S;) [He, or it, was, or became, adorned, ornamented, decorated, decked, bedecked, garnished, embel-lished, beautified, or graced;] as also اِزَّيَّنَ, (S, * K,) [a variation of the first, being] originally تَزَيَّنَ, the ت being made quiescent, and incorporated into the ز, and the ا being prefixed in order that the inception may be perfect; (S, TA;) and ↓ ازيانّ; and ↓ ازينّ. (K.) One says, أَزْيَنَتِ ↓ الأَرْضُ بِعُشْبِهَا [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ اِزْيَنَّتِ The earth, or land, became adorned, &c., with, or by, its herbage]; as also اِزَّيَّنَت, originally تَزَيَّنَت [as expl. above]; (S;) and some, in the Kur x. 25, read تَزَيَّنَت; and some, ↓ ازيانّت. (Bd.) And they said, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الجَبْهَةُ تَزَيَّنَتِ النَّخْلَةُ [When الجبهة (the Tenth Mansion of the Moon) rises aurorally, the palm-tree becomes garnished with ripening dates: that Mansion thus rose in central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 12th of August, O. S; and in that region, at, or soon after, that period, the dates begin to ripen]. (TA.) [تزيّن is said of language, as meaning It was embellished, dressed up, or trimmed: and of an action &c., as meaning it was embellished, or dressed up, i. e. commended, to a person, by another man, and, more commonly, by the Devil.] b2: And تزيّن also signifies He adorned, ornamented, decorated, decked, &c., himself. (MA, KL.) [Hence,] تزيّن بِالبَاطِلِ [He invested himself with that which did not belong to him]. (S and TA in art. شبع.) 8 اِزْدَانَ, originally اِزْتَيَنَ: see the next preceding paragraph, first sentence.9 إِزْيَنَّ see 5, each in two places.11 إِزْيَاْنَّ see 5, each in two places.

زَانٌ: see art. زون.

زَيْنٌ [as an inf. n., and also as a simple subst.,] is the contr. of شَيْنٌ: (S, Msb, K:) [as a simple subst.,] i. q. زِينَةٌ, q. v.: (Har p. 139:) [and commonly signifying A grace; a beauty; a comely quality; a physical, and also an intel-lectual, adornment; an honour, or a credit; and anything that is the pride, or glory, of a person or thing: in these senses contr. of شَيْنٌ:] pl. أَزْيَانٌ. (K.) b2: Az says, I heard a boy of [the tribe called] Benoo- 'Okeyl say to another, وَجْهِى زَيْنٌ وَوَجْهُكَ شَيْنٌ, meaning My face is comely and thy face is ugly; for وَجْهِى ذُو زَيْنٍ وَوَجْهُكَ ذُو شَيْنٍ

[my face is possessed of comeliness and thy face is possessed of ugliness]; using the inf. ns. as epithets; like as one says رَجُلٌ صَوْمٌ and عَدْلٌ. (TA.) b3: Also The comb of the cock. (S.) زَانَةٌ [mentioned in this art. in the K]: see art. زون.

زِينَةٌ, the subst. from زَانَهُ, (Msb,) signifies مَا يُتَزَيَّنُ بِهِ [i. e. A thing with which, or by which, one is adorned, ornamented, decorated, decked, bedecked, garnished, embellished, beautified, or graced; or with which, or by which, one adorns, &c., himself]; (T, S, K;) any such thing; (T, TA;) [any ornament, ornature, decoration, garnish, embellishment, or grace;] and so ↓ زِيانٌ; (K;) and ↓ زَيْنٌ, also, [which see above,] signifies the same as زِينَةٌ: (Har p. 139:) accord. to El-Harállee, زِينَةٌ denotes the [means of] beautifying, or embellishing, a thing by another thing; consisting of apparel, or an ornament of gold or silver or of jewels or gems, or aspect: or, as some say, it is the beauty [seen] of the eye that does not reach to the interior of that which is adorned [thereby]: accord. to Er-Rághib, its proper mean-ing is a thing that does not disgrace, or render unseemly, a man, in any of his states or conditions, either in the present world or in that which is to come: but that which adorns him in one state or condition, exclusively of another, is in one point of view شَيْنٌ: summarily speaking, it is of three kinds; namely, mental, such as knowledge or science, and good tenets; and bodily, such as strength, and tallness of stature, and beauty of aspect; and extrinsic, such as wealth, and rank or station or dignity; and all these are mentioned in the Kur: (TA:) the pl. is زِيَنٌ. (Bd in x. 25.) زِينَةُ الحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا [or simply زِينَةُ الدُّنْيَا generally means The ornature, finery, show, pomp, or gaiety, of the present life or world; and] particularly includes wealth and children. (Kur xviii. 44.) زِينَةُ الأَرْضِ [The ornature of the earth] means the plants, or herbage, of the earth. (TA.) يَوْمُ الزِّينَةِ [The day of ornature] is the festival (العِيدُ); (S, K;) when men used [and still use] to adorn themselves with goodly articles of apparel. (TA.) And also The day of the breaking [of the dam a little within the entrance] of the canal of Misr [here meaning the present capital of Egypt, El-Káhireh, which we call “ Cairo ”], (K, TA,) i. e. the canal which runs through the midst of Misr, and [the dam of] which is broken when the Nile has attained the height of sixteen cubits or more: this day is said to be meant in the Kur xx. 61: it is one of the days observed in Egypt with the greatest gladness and rejoicing from ancient times; and its observance in the days of the Fátimees was such as is inconceivable, as it is described in the “ Khitat ” of El-Makreezee. (TA. [The modern observances of this day, and of other days in relation to the rise of the Nile, are described in my work on the Modern Egyptians.]) قَمَرٌ زَيَانٌ A beautiful moon. (K.) زِيَانٌ: see زِينَةٌ.

زِيَانَةٌ The art, or occupation, of the مُزَيِّن: so in the present day.]

زَائِنٌ: see the last paragraph in this art. مُزَيَّنٌ: see مُتَزَيِّنٌ. b2: [Also,] applied to a man, Having his hair trimmed, or clipped, [or shaven, by the مُزَيِّن.] (S, TA.) مُزَيِّنٌ i. q. حَجَّامٌ [i. e. A cupper; who is generally a barber; and to the latter this epithet (مُزَيِّنٌ) is now commonly applied; as it is also in the MA]. (S, TA.) A2: See also مُتَزَيِّنٌ.

مُزَيِّينٌ: see مُتَزَيِّنٌ.

مُزَّانٌ: see each in two places in what follows.

مُزْدَانٌ: see each in two places in what follows.

مُتَزَيِّنٌ and ↓ مُزْدَانٌ and ↓ مُزَّانٌ signify the same [i. e. Adorned, ornamented, decorated, decked, bedecked, garnished, embellished, or graced; as also ↓ مُزَيَّنٌ: and the first signifies also selfadorned &c.]: (TA:) the second and third are part. ns. of اِزْدَانَ; the third being formed from the second by incorporation [of the د into the ز]: and the dim. of مُزْدَانٌ is ↓ مُزَيِّنٌ, like مُخَيِّرٌ the dim. of مُخْتَارٌ; and if you substitute [for the د], ↓ مُزَيِّينٌ: and in like manner in forming the pl. you say مَزَايِنُ and مَزَايِينُ. (S.) You say, أَنَا بِإِعْلَامِكَ ↓ مُزَّانٌ and ↓ مُزْدَانٌ, meaning مُتَزَيِّنٌ بِإِعْلَامِ أَمْرِكَ [i. e. I am graced by the making known of thy command, or affair]. (TA.) and ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ زَائِنٌ means مُتَزَيِّنَةٌ [i. e. A woman adorned, &c.; or self-adorned &c.]: (K, TA:) in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, مُتَزَيِّنٌ. (TA.)

ظهر

1 ظَهَرَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. ظُهُورٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) [It was, or became, outward, exterior, external, extrinsic, or exoteric: and hence,] it appeared; became apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, plain, or evident; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) after having been concealed, or latent: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ تظاهر signifies the same. (Har p. 85.) Hence the phrase ظَهَرَ لِى رَأْىٌ (assumed tropical:) [An idea, or opinion, occurred to me], said when one knows what he did not know before. (Msb.) [And هٰذَا مَا يَظْهَرُ لِى (assumed tropical:) This is what appears to me to be the case, or to be the right way or course; or this is my opinion.] ظَهَرَ الحَمْلُ, inf. n. as above, means Pregnancy became apparent, or manifest: it is said that this is not the case in less than three months. (Msb.) and it is said in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, كَانَ يُصَلِّى العَصْرَ فِى حُجْرَتِى قَبْلَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ i. e. [He used to perform the prayer of the afternoon in my chamber] before it (meaning the sun) became high and apparent: (TA:) or وَالشَّمْسُ فِى حُجْرَتِى لَمْ تَظْهَرْ بَعْدُ i. e. [when the sun was in my chamber,] it not having risen high so as to be on the flat roof [thereof]: referring to the Prophet. (O. [But العَصْرَ must be a mistranscription for الفَجْرَ, i. e. the prayer of the dawn.]) The saying in the Kur [xxiv. 31], وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا [which is app. best rendered And that they discover not their ornature except what is external thereof] has been expl. in seven different ways, most correctly as meaning the clothes: (O, TA:) accord. to 'Áïsheh, it means the bracelet (القُلْب) and the ring (الفَتَخَة): and accord. to I'Ab, the hand and the signet-ring and the face. (TA.) b2: Also He went forth, or out, (Mgh, TA,) to the outside of a place. (O, TA.) b3: And He (a bird) migrated, or went down, from one country or region to another: used in this sense by AHn in relation to the vulture, migrating to Nejd. (L.) b4: ظَهَرَ عَنْهُ, said of a vice, or fault, (O, TA,) or a disgrace, (JK, A, O,) (tropical:) It did not cleave to him; (A, O, TA;) it was remote from him; (TA;) it quitted him, or departed from him. (JK.) b5: ظَهَرْتُ بِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. ظَهْرٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) I gloried, or boasted, by reason of it. (O, K * TA.) [Respecting a meaning assigned to ظَهَرَ بِفُلَانٍ in the K, see 4.] b6: أَكَلَ الرَّجُلُ أُكْلَةً

ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا ظَهْرَةً means (assumed tropical:) [The man ate some food] in consequence of which] he became fat. (TA.) A2: ظَهَرَهُ He mounted it; went, or got, upon it, or upon the top of it; (S, A, * Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ; (O;) namely, a house, (S,) or a house-top, (A, Mgh, O,) and a mountain, (A,) and a wall; (O, Msb;) properly, he became upon its back: (Mgh:) and [in like manner] one says, فُلَانٌ نَجْدًا ↓ ظَهَّرَ, inf. n. تَظْهِيرٌ, Such a one mounted, or went up, upon the high region (ظَهْر) of Nejd. (O.) b2: Hence, (Mgh, Msb,) ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and بِهِ, (K,) inf. n. ظُهُورٌ (Bd in xxiv. 31) and ظَهْرٌ also, (Ham p. 301,) He overcame, conquered, subdued, overpowered, or mastered, him; gained the mastery or victory, or prevailed, over him; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) namely, his enemy; (Msb;) and in like manner, [he conquered, won, achieved, or attained, it, i. e.] a thing. (O, TA.) [The saying فُلَانٌ لَا يَظْهَرُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ is expl. in the L and TA by the words اى لا يَسْلَم, and said to be tropical: but Ibr D thinks that the correct reading is لا يُسَلِّمُ, from التَّسْلِيمُ; and that it is said of one who will not give up, or resign, what is in his hand; so that the meaning is, (tropical:) Such a one is a person whom no one will overcome in respect of that which he holds in his possession.] b3: And [hence also] ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. ظُهُورٌ, (TA,) He knew, became acquainted with, or got knowledge of, him, or it. (Msb, TA.) So in the Kur xxiv. 31, وَالطِّفْلُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَى عَوْرَاتِ النِّسَآءِ [And the young children] who have not attained knowledge of the عورات, (Bd, Jel,) meaning [pudenda, or] parts between the navel and the knee, (Jel,) of women, by reason of their want of discrimination: (Bd:) or (tropical:) who have not attained to the generative faculty; (O, Bd, * TA;) from الظُّهُورُ in the sense of الغَلَبَةُ. (Bd.) So too in the Kur [xviii. 19], إِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ If they get knowledge of you. (O, TA.) b4: And [hence] ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, (Fr, A, O, TA,) and ↓ استظهرهُ, (S, A, O, K,) (tropical:) He knew it, or learned it, by heart; namely, the Kur-án; (A, O, TA;) and he recited it by heart: (A, * TA; and so in the S and O in explanation of the latter:) or [simply] he recited it by heart; namely, the Kur-án; as also ↓ اظهرهُ: (O, K, TA:) in the copies of the K we find أَظْهَرْتُ عَلَى القُرْآنِ and أَظْهَرْتُهُ; but the former is a mistake for ظَهَرْتُ, aor. ـَ (TA.) A3: For another signification of ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ, see 3.

A4: ظَهَرَ بِحَاجَتِى, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. ظَهْرٌ; (TK;) and ↓ ظهّرها, (K, TA,) in some copies of the K ظَهَرَهَا; (TA;) and ↓ اظهرها, (K,) inf. n. إِظْهَارٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اِظَّهَرَهَا, (K,) of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ; (TA;) (tropical:) He held the object of my want in little, or light, estimation, or in contempt; (S, A;) [lit.] he put it behind [his] back; (S, K;) as though he put it away, [out of his sight,] and paid no regard to it. (S, TA.) One says also, يَظْهَرُونَ بِهِمْ وَلَا يَلْتَفِتُونَ

إِلَى أَرْحَامِهِمْ [They hold them in contempt, and do not pay any regard to their ties of relationship]. (S.) b2: See also 10, in three places.

A5: ظَهَرَهُ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. ظَهْرٌ, (K,) He struck, or smote, (TA,) or hit, or hurt, (O, K,) his back. (O, K, TA.) A6: ظَهِرَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ظَهَرٌ, (O, K,) He (a man, S, O) had a complaint of his back. (S, O, K.) A7: ظَهُرَ, (JK, O, L,) or ظَهَرَ, (K, [but this is app. a mistranscription,]) inf. n. ظَهَارَةٌ, (S, O, L, K,) said of a camel, (JK, S, O,) He was, or became, strong (JK, S, O, L, K) in the back. (L, K.) 2 ظَهَّرَ see 1, near the middle: b2: and again, in the last quarter: b3: and see also 3. b4: ظهّر الثَّوْبَ [and ↓ اظهرهُ, contr. of بطّنهُ and ابطنهُ,] He faced the garment, or piece of cloth; put a facing, or an outer covering, (ظِهَارَة,) to it. (TA.) A2: See also 4, last sentence.3 ظاهرهُ, (A,) inf. n. مُظَاهَرَةٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He aided, or assisted, him; (S, A, O, Msb;) as also عَلَيْهِ ↓ ظَهَرَ. (Th, K.) And ظاهر عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, against him. (TA.) b2: ظاهر بِهِ: see 10. b3: ظاهر بَيْنَهُمَا, (K,) i. e. (TA) بَيْنَ ثَوْبَيْنِ, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) and دِرْعَيْنِ, (A, Mgh, TA,) and نَعْلَيْنِ, (TA,) i. q. طَارَقَ بَيْنَهُمَا, (S, TA,) or طَابَقَ, (A, K, TA,) i. e. (TA) He put them on, or attired himself with them, [namely, two garments, and two coats of mail, and two sandals or soles, or rather, when relating to two soles, he sewed them together,] one over, or outside, the other: (Mgh, TA:) app. from تَظَاهُرٌ in the sense of “ mutual aiding or assisting. ” (IAth.) The phrase ظاهر بِدِرْعَيْنِ requires consideration; and the ب in it should be regarded as meant to denote conjunction; not as a part of the necessary complement of the verb. (Mgh.) ظاهر الدِّرْعَ is said to signify لَأَمَ بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ [app. meaning He folded over and fastened one part of the coat of mail upon another]. (TA.) And ظاهر عَلَيْهِ جِلَالًا means He threw upon him (i. e. a horse) housings or coverings [one over another]. (TA in art. حنذ.) A2: ظاهر مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. ظِهَارٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and مُظَاهَرَةٌ; (JK, TA;) and مِنْهَا ↓ تظاهر, (A, Mgh, O, TA,) and ↓ اِظَّاهَرَ; (Mgh;) and منها ↓ تظهّر, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِظَّهَّرَ; (O, TA;) and منها ↓ ظهّر, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَظْهِيرٌ; (S;) signify the same; (O;) He said to his wife أَنْتِ عَلَىَّ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّى

[Thou art to me like the back of my mother]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) [as though he said رُكُوبُكِ حَرَامٌ عَلَىَّ;] meaning رُكُوبُكِ لِلنِّكَاحِ حَرَامٌ عَلَىَّ كَرُكُوبِ أُمِّى لِلنِّكَاحِ; the back being specified in preference to the بَطْن or فَخِذ or فَرْج because the woman is likened to a beast that is ridden, and the act of نِكَاح to that of رُكُوب: the phrase being a form of divorce used by the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance. (Msb, * TA.) In the Kur lviii. 2 [and 4], some read ↓ يَظَّهَّرُونَ; some

↓ يَظَّاهَرُونَ; and 'Ásim read يُظَاهِرُونَ. (Bd.) The verb is made trans. by means of مِن because the man who uttered this sentence estranged himself from his wife. (IAth.) 4 اظهرهُ He made it apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, plain, or evident; he showed, exhibited, manifested, displayed, discovered, revealed, or evinced, it; or put it forth: (S, O, K:) [it is also used in relation to a saying, and an action, and the like, as meaning it showed, &c., as above, or it bespoke, it:] and Mtr relates his having heard from one worthy of reliance of the people of Baghdád, that they say ↓ تظاهرتُ بِهِ in the place of أَظْهَرْتُهُ, and scarcely ever employ اظهر in its usual sense. (Har p. 85.) [Hence, اظهر التَّضْعِيفَ He made the doubling of a letter distinct; as in لَحِحَتْ; which, accord. to a general rule, should be لَحَّتْ: opposed to أَدْغَمَ. And اظهر لَهُ كَذَا He showed, &c., to him such a thing: and he made a show of, professed, pretended, or feigned, to him such a thing: as, for instance, love.] b2: أَظْهَرْتُ بِفُلَانٍ means أَعْلَيْتُ بِهِ [a phrase which I have not found except in this instance, app. I elevated, or exalted, such a one: like أَعْلَيْتُهُ, which has this meaning]: (S, IKtt, L, TA:) or أَعْلَنْتُ بِهِ [app. meaning I made such a one to be, or become, publicly known]: (So in the O:) [but the former explanation seems to be regarded by SM as the right; for he remarks that,] accord. to all the copies of the K, the explanation is أَعْلَنَ بِهِ, and refers to ظَهَرَ بِفُلَانٍ

[instead of أَظْهَرَ]; so that what its author says in this case differs in two points of view from what is found in the “ Kitáb el-Abniyeh ” of IKtt, in which the ى in أَعْلَيْتُ has been marked as correct, and in the L [as well as in the S]. (TA.) A2: اظهرهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ means God made him to overcome, conquer, subdue, overpower, master, gain the victory over, or prevail over, his enemy. (S, A, O, TA.) b2: And [hence] اظهرهُ عَلَيْهِ He (God) made him to know it, or become acquainted with it: you say, أَظْهَرَنِى اللّٰهُ عَلَى مَا سُرِقَ مِنِّى God made me to know [or discover] what had been stolen from me. (TA.) A3: See also 1, last quarter, in two places.

A4: And see 2.

A5: اظهر signifies also He entered upon the time called the ظَهِيرَة: (A, Msb, K:) or the time called the ظُهْر. (Msb.) And He went, or journeyed, in the time called the ظَهِيرَة; as also ↓ ظهّر, (K,) inf. n. تَظْهِيرٌ: (TA:) or the time called the ظُهْر. (S, O.) 5 تظهّر and اِظَّهَّرَ: see 3, latter half, in three places.6 تَظَاْهَرَ see 1, first sentence: b2: and see also 4, first sentence. b3: تظاهروا They aided, or assisted, one another. (S, O, * K.) And تظاهروا عَلَى فُلَانٍ

They leagued together, and aided one another, against such a one. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA in art. ضفر.) b4: Also They regarded, or treated, one another with enmity, or hostility; or severed themselves, one from another: (S, Msb, K:) as though they turned their backs, one upon another: (S:) or, because they who do so turn their backs, one upon another. (Msb.) Thus the verb has two contr. meanings. (K.) b5: تظاهر مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ and اِظَّاهَرَ: see 3, latter half, in three places.8 اِظَّهَرَ: see 1, last quarter.10 استظهر بِهِ He sought aid, or assistance, in, or by means of, him, or it, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) عَلَيْهِ [against him, or it]; as also استظهرهُ. (TA.) [In the CK, after the explanation of استظهر به, is an omission, to be supplied by the insertion of وَقَرَأَهُ.] One says, استظهر بِالْغِنَى عَلَى النَّوَائِبِ [He sought aid in wealth against calamities, or afflictions]. (Msb.) And بِهِ ↓ ظاهر signifies the same as استظهر [in this sense or in another of the senses expl. in what follows]. (TA.) b2: and استظهرتُ بِالشَّىْءِ, and بِهِ ↓ ظَهَرْتُ, and ↓ ظَهَرْتُهُ, I put the thing behind my back for protection, or security. (Har p. 265.) b3: And استظهر He prepared for himself a camel, or two camels, or more, for future need: (T:) and استظهرهُ, and بِهِ ↓ ظَهَرَ, He prepared him, namely, a camel, for future need: (K:) and استظهر بِبَعِيرَيْنِ ظِهْرِيَّيْنِ He prepared for himself two camels for future need. (T. [See ظِهْرِىٌّ.]) b4: Hence, (T,) استظهر signifies also He used precaution (T, Msb) with respect to anything: (T:) he secured himself, (اِسْتَوْثَقَ,) by using precaution; as, for instance, a woman does by remaining three days, before she performs the ablution termed غُسْل, and prays, after the usual period of the menses. (T, L.) One says, يُسْتَحَبُّ الاِسْتِظْهَارُ بِغَسْلَةٍ ثَانِيَةٍ

وَثَالِثَةٍ The using precaution by a second and a third washing, to make sure of being pure, is approved. (Er-Ráfi'ee, Msb.) And استظهرتُ فِى طَلَبِ الشَّىْءِ I adopted the most fit, or proper, way, and used precaution, in seeking to attain the thing. (Msb.) b5: See also 1, in the middle of the latter half.

ظَهْرٌ The back; contr. of بَطْنٌ: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) in a man, from the hinder part of the كَاهِل [or base of the neck] to the nearest part of the buttocks, where it terminates: (TA:) in a camel, the part containing six vertebræ on the right and left of which are [two portions of flesh and sinew called the] مَتْنَانِ: (AHeyth, T, O:) of the masc. gender: (Lh, A, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَظْهُرٌ, and [of mult.] ظُهُورٌ and ظُهْرَانٌ. (Msb, K.) b2: رَجُلٌ خَفِيفُ الظَّهْرِ (tropical:) A man having a small household to maintain: and ثَقِيلُ الظَّهْرِ (tropical:) having a large household to maintain. (K, * TA.) b3: أَنْت عَلَىَّ كَظَهْرِ

أُمِّى Thou art to me like the back of my mother: said by a man to his wife. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [This has been expl. above: see 3.] b4: عَدَا فِى

ظَهْرِهِ (tropical:) He stole what was behind him: (A:) [or he acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind him: for] لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ is expl. by the words عَدَا فِى ظَهْرٍ فَسَرَقَهُ [so that it app. means (tropical:) A thief who has acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind one, and stolen it]. (O, K.) b5: أَقْرَانُ الظَّهْرِ (S, O, K) and الظُّهُورِ (O, TA) Adversaries who come to one from behind his back, in war, or fight. (S, O, K, * TA.) In the copies of the K, يُحِبُّونَكَ is erroneously put for يَجِيؤُونَكَ. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ قِرْنُ الظَّهْرِ Such a one is an adversary who comes to one from behind, unknown. (IAar, As.) b6: قَتَلَهُ ظَهْرًا He slew him unexpectedly; he assassinated him; syn. غِيلَةٌ. (IAar, TA.) b7: جَعَلَنِى بِظَهْرٍ (tropical:) He cast me off. (TA.) And جَعَلتُ حَاجَتَهُ بِظَهْرٍ (tropical:) I cast his want behind my back: (AO, K:) and ↓ جَعَلَهَا ظِهْرِيَّةً signifies the same: (S:) and ↓ اِتَّخَذَهَا ظِهْرِيًّا, (K,) and ↓ ظِهْرِيَّةً: (TA:) or the former of the last two phrases signifies he held it in contempt; as though ظهريّا were an irreg. rel. n. from ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) or ↓ اِتَّخَذَهُ ظِهْرِيًّا signifies he neglected, or forgot, (S, O, * Msb,) him, as in the Kur xi. 94, (S, O,) or it, namely, what was said. (Msb.) And لَا تَجْعَلْ حَاجَتِى

بِظَهْرٍ (tropical:) Forget not thou, or neglect not, my want: (S:) and ↓ جَعَلَهُ ظِهْرِيًّا signifies he forgot it; as well as جعله بِظَهْرٍ. (A.) And جَعَلْتُ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ بِظَهْرٍ, and رَمَيْتُهُ بِظَهْرٍ, (tropical:) I cared not for this thing. (Th, O.) b8: فُلَانٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ الظَّهْرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is of those who do not belong to us: or of those to whom no regard is paid: (TA:) or of those who are held in contempt, and to whose ties of relationship no regard is paid. (S, TA.) b9: هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ ظَهْرًا (tropical:) [He is his cousin on the father's side,] distantly related: contr. of دِنْيًا [and لَحًّا]. (As, A, O, TA.) b10: رَجَعَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ [He receded, retired, or retreated]. (K in art. ثبجر.) b11: هُوَ نَازِلٌ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْهِمْ, and ↓ بين ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) in which latter the ا and ن are said by some to be added for corroboration, (Msb,) and for which one should not say ظَهْرَانِيهِمْ, (IF, S, O, Msb, K,) and بين أَظْهُرِهِمْ, (Msb, K,) (tropical:) He is making his abode in the midst of them; in the main body of them: (K, TA:) originally meaning he is making his abode among them for the purpose of seeking aid of them and staying himself upon them: as though it meant that the back of one of them was before him, and that of another behind him, so that he was defended in either direction: afterwards, by reason of frequency of usage, it came to be employed to signify abiding among a people absolutely. (IAth, Msb.) You say also هُوَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْهِ, and ↓ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِ, meaning It (anything) is in the midst, or main part, of it, namely, another thing. (TA.) b12: لَقِيتُهُ بَيْنَ الظَّهْرَيْنِ, and ↓ بَيْنَ الظَّهْرَانَيْنِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) (tropical:) I met him during the day, (Msb,) or during the two days, (S, O, K,) or during the three days, (K,) or the days: (S, O, Msb:) from the next preceding phrase. (TA.) And أَتَيْتُهُ مَرَّةً بَيْنَ الظَّهَرْينِ (tropical:) I came to him one day: or, accord. to Aboo-Fak'as, on a day between two years. (Fr.) And اللَّيْلِ ↓ رَأَيْتُهُ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَىِ (tropical:) I saw him between nightfall and daybreak. (TA.) and النَّهَارِ ↓ جِئْتُهُ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَىِ (tropical:) [I came to him between the beginning and end of the day]. (A.) b13: تَقَلَّبَ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (assumed tropical:) It turned over and over, or upside down, (lit. back for belly,) as a serpent does upon ground heated by the sun. (S and TA in art. قلب.) [Hence,] قَلَبْتُ الأَرْضَ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (tropical:) [I turned the earth over, upside-down]. (A.) And [hence,] قَلَّبَ أَمْرَهُ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ, (O, * TA,) and ظَهْرَهُ لِبَطْنٍ, and ظَهْرَهُ لِبَطْنِهِ, and ظَهْرَهُ لِلْبَطْنِ, which last form is preferred by El-Farezdak to the second, because [as in the third form] the second of the two words is determinate like the first word, (tropical:) He meditated, or managed, the affair with forecast, and well. (O, * TA.) b14: The Arabs used to say, هٰذَا ظَهْرُ السَّمَآءِ and هذا بَطْنُ السَّمَآءِ, both meaning (tropical:) This is the apparent, visible, part of the sky. (Fr, Az.) And the like is said of the side of a wall, which is its بَطْن to a person on the same side, and its ظَهْر to one on the other side. (Az.) b15: مَا نَزَلَ مِنَ القُرْآنِ آيَةٌ إِلَّا لَهَا ظَهْرٌ وَبَطْنٌ, [part of] a saying of Mohammad, [of which see the rest voce مُطَّلَعٌ,] means (assumed tropical:) Not a verse of the Kur-án has come down but it has a verbal expression and an interpretation: (K, * TA:) or a verbal expression and a meaning: or that which has an apparent and a known [or an exoteric] interpretation and that which has an intrinsic [or esoteric] interpretation: (TA:) or narration (K, TA) and admonition: (TA:) or [it is to be read and to be understood and taught; for] by the ظهر is meant the reading; and by the بطن, the understanding and teaching. (TA.) [See also بَطْنٌ.] b16: ظَهْرٌ signifies also (tropical:) Camels on which people ride, and which carry goods; (S, * A, * O, K, * TA;) camels that carry burdens upon their backs in journeying: (TA:) [or] a beast: or a camel for riding: (Mgh:) pl. ظُهْرَانٌ. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Arfajeh, فَتَنَاوَلَ السَّيْفَ مِنَ الظَّهْرِ And he reached, or took in his hand, the sword from the camels for carrying burdens and for riding: and in another, أَتَأْذَنُ لَنَا فِى نَحْرِ ظَهْرِنَا Dost thou permit us to slaughter our camels which we ride? (TA.) And one says also, هُوَ عَلَى ظَهْرٍ (tropical:) He is determined upon travel: (K:) as though he had already mounted a beast for that purpose. (TA.) b17: [Hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) Property consisting of camels and sheep or goats: (TA:) or much property. (K, TA.) b18: (assumed tropical:) The short side [or lateral half] of a feather: (S, O, K:) pl. ظُهْرَانٌ: (S, M, K, TA, &c.:) opposed to بَطْنٌ, sing. of بُطْنَانٌ, (TA,) which latter signifies the “ long sides: ” (S, TA:) and ↓ ظُهَارٌ signifies the same as ظَهْرٌ, (K,) or the same as ظُهْرَانٌ, being an irregular pl.; and this is meant by the saying الظُّهَارُ بِالضَّمِ الجَمَاعَةُ, mentioned in a later place in the K [in such a manner as to have led to the supposition that ظُهَارٌ is also syn. with جَمَاعَةٌ]: (TA:) AO says that among the feathers of arrows are the ظُهَار, which are those that are put [upon an arrow] of the ظَهْر [or outer side] of the عَسِيب [app. here meaning the shaft] of the feather; (S, TA;) i. e., the shorter side, which is the best kind of feather; as also ظُهْرَان: sing. ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) ISd says that the ظُهْرَان are those parts of the feathers of the wing that are exposed to the sun and rain: (TA:) Lth says that the ظُهَار are those parts of the feathers of the wing that are apparent. (O, TA.) One says, رِشْ سَهْمَكَ بِظُهْرَانٍ وَلَا تَرِشْهُ بِبُطْنَانٍ

[Feather thine arrow with short sides of feathers, and feather it not with long sides of feathers]. (S, TA.) [De Sacy supposes that ظُهُورٌ and بُطُونٌ are also pls. of ظَهْرٌ and بَطْنٌ thus used: (see his “ Chrest. Arabe,” sec. ed., tome ii., p.

374:) but his reasons do not appear to me to be conclusive.] ↓ ظُهَارٌ and ظُهْرَانٌ are also used as epithets: you say, رِيشٌ ظُهَارٌ and رِيشٌ ظُهْرَانٌ. (TA.) b19: [ظَهْرُ الكَفِّ and ↓ ظَاهِرُهَا mean (assumed tropical:) The back of the hand. And in like manner, ظَهْرُ القَدَمِ and ↓ ظَاهِرُهَا mean (assumed tropical:) The upper, or convex, side, or back, of the human foot, corresponding to the back of the hand, including the instep: opposed to بَطْن and بَاطِن. And ظَهْرُ اللِّسَانِ means (assumed tropical:) The upper surface of the tongue.] b20: And ظَهْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) A way by land. (S, M, O, Msb, K.) This expression is used when there is a way by land and a way by sea. (M.) You say, سَارُوا فِى طَرِيقِ الظَّهْرِ (tropical:) They journeyed by land. (A.) b21: And (assumed tropical:) An elevated tract of land or ground; as also ↓ ظَاهِرةٌ: (A:) or rugged and elevated land or ground; (JK, K;) as also ↓ ظَاهِرَةٌ: (JK:) opposed to بَطْنٌ, which signifies “ soft and plain and fine and low land or ground: ” (TA:) and ↓ ظَوَاهِرُ [pl. of. ظَاهِرَةٌ] signifies (assumed tropical:) elevated tracts of land or ground: (S, K:) you say, هَاجَتْ ظَوَاهِرُ الأَرْضِ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) the herbs, or leguminous plants, of the elevated tracts of land, or ground, dried up: (As, S, L:) and ↓ ظَاهِرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the higher, or highest, part of a mountain; (ISh, L, TA;) whether its exterior be plain or not: (TA:) and ↓ ظَاهِرَةٌ, the same, of anything: (L:) when you have ascended upon the ظَهْر of a mountain, you are upon its ظَاهِرَة. (TA.) b22: سَالَ وَادِيهِمْ ظَهْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Their valley flowed with the rain of their own land: opposed to دُرْءًا, meaning, “from other rain: ” (IAar, O, K: *) or the former signifies their valley flowed with its own rain: and the latter, “with other than its own rain: ” (TA:) and some say ↓ ظُهْرًا, which Az thinks the better form. (O, TA.) b23: [Hence, probably,] أَصَبْتُ مِنْهُ مَطَرَ ظَهْرٍ (assumed tropical:) I obtained from him, or it, much good. (Sgh, O, K.) b24: And another signification of ظَهْرٌ is What is absent, or hidden, or concealed, from one. (O, K.) b25: It is sometimes prefixed to another noun to give plainness and force to the expression; as in ظَهْرُ الغَيْبِ and ظَهْرُ القَلْبِ, meaning نَفْسُ الغَيْبِ and نَفْسُ القَلْبِ: (Msb:) or it is redundant in these instances. (Mgh.) Lebeed says, describing a [wild] cow going about after a beast of prey that had eaten her young one, وَتَسَمَّعَتْ رِزَّ الأَنِيسِ فَرَاعَهَا عَنْ ظَهْرِ غَيْبٍ وَالأَنِيسُ سَقَامُهَا [And she heard the sound of man, and it frightened her, from a place that concealed what was in it; for man is her malady; i. e., a cause of pain and trouble and death to her]: (TA:) meaning, she heard the sound of the hunters, &c. (TA in art. غيب.) And you say, تَنَاوَلَهُ بِظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ بِمَا يَسُوؤُهُ He carped at him behind the back, or in absence, by saying what would grieve him. (TA in art. غيب.) And تَكَلَّمْتُ بِهِ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ (A, O) or عن ظَهْرِ غَيْبٍ (TA) [app., (tropical:) I spoke it by memory; in the absence of a book or the like; as one says in modern Arabic, عَلَى الغَائِب. See also غَيْبٌ.] And قَرَأَهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ القَلْبِ (tropical:) He recited it by heart, or memory; without book: (L, K: [in the latter, مِنْ is put in the place of عَنْ; but the right reading is that in the L: and in the CK is an omission here, to be supplied by the insertion of وَقَرَأَهُ:]) and ↓ قرأه ظَاهِرًا and قرأه عَلَى

ظَهْرِ لِسَانِهِ [signify the same]. (K.) And حَمَلَ القُرْآنَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ لِسَانِهِ like حَفِظَهُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَلْبِهِ (tropical:) [He knew the Kur-án by heart]. (A, * O, TA.) b26: One says also, فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ يَدِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one eats at the expense of such a one. (A, O, K. *) And in like manner, الفُقَرَآءُ يَأْكُلُونَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ أَيْدِى النَّاسِ (tropical:) The poor eat at the expense of the people. (A, TA.) And أَعْطَاهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ يَدٍ (tropical:) He gave him originally; without compensation. (O, * K; but in some copies of the K we find مِنْ in the place of عَنْ.) It is said [in a trad.], أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى (tropical:) The most excellent of alms is that which is [derived] from competence; ظهر: (Msb:) or simply عَنْ غِنًى, the word ظهر being here redundant: (Mgh:) or from manifest competence upon which one relies, and in which he seeks aid against calamities, or afflictions: or from what remains after fight: (Msb:) or from superfluous property. (TA.) A2: See also ظَهِيرٌ

A3: قِدْرُ ظَهْرٍ means (assumed tropical:) An old cooking-pot: (O, K: *) pl. قُدُورُ ظُهُورٍ: (O:) as though, because of its oldness, it were thrown behind the back. (TA.) ظُهْرٌ Midday, or noon: (IAth, TA:) or the time when the sun declines from the meridian: (Msb, * K, * O, * TA:) or [the time immediately] after the declining of the sun: (S, Mgh:) masc. and fem.; unless when the word صَلَاة is prefixed to it, in which case it is fem. only: (Msb:) [pl. أَظْهَارٌ. See also ظَهِيرَةٌ.] صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ means The prayer [i. e. the divinely-ordained prayer] of midday, or noon: (IAth, TA:) or of the time after the declining of the sun. (S, O.) In the phrases أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ [Defer ye the prayer of midday until the cooler time of day] and صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ [He performed the prayer of midday], the prefixed noun (صَلَاة) is suppressed. (Mgh.) A2: سَالَ وَادِيهِمْ ظُهْرًا: see ظَهْرٌ, last quarter.

ظَهِرٌ, (S,) or ↓ ظَهِيرٌ, (K,) [the former agreeable with analogy, being derived from ظَهِرَ,] A man (S,) having a complaint of the back: (S, K:) or having a pain in the back: as also ↓ مَظْهُورٌ. (O, TA.) ظُهْرَةٌ: see ظَهِيرٌ, in three places.

A2: Also The tortoise. (O, K.) ظِهْرَةٌ: see ظَهِيرٌ, in six places.

ظَهَرَةٌ The goods, or furniture and utensils, of a house or tent; (IAar, S, O, K, TA;) as also أَهَرَةٌ: (IAar, TA:) or the former signifies the exterior of a house, or tent; and the latter, the “ interior thereof. ” (Th, TA.) b2: And Abundance of مَال [i. e. property, or cattle]. (TA.) A2: See also ظَهِيرٌ.

ظِهْرِىٌّ A camel prepared for future need; (T, S, O, K;) taken, by way of precaution, to bear the burden of any camel that may happen to fail in a journey: sometimes two or more unladen camels are taken for this purpose: some say that such a camel is thus called because its owner puts it behind his back, not riding it nor putting any burden upon it: (T, TA:) the word appears to be an irreg. rel. n. from ظَهْرٌ: (ISd, TA:) pl. ظَهَارِىٌّ, imperfectly decl., because the rel. ى

retains its place in the sing. [inseparably; there being no such word as ظِهْر: but if it be a rel. n., this pl. is irreg., like مَهَارِىٌّ]. (S, O, K.) b2: See ظَهْرٌ, first quarter, in five places, for examples of ظِهْرِىٌّ and ظِهْرِيَّةٌ used tropically.

ظُهْرَان [app. ظُهْرَانٌ (which is also a pl. of ظَهْرٌ used in several senses), or, perhaps ظُهْرَانِ, as having a dual meaning,] The upper, thick, pair of wings of the locust. (AHn, TA.) b2: [See also ظَهْرٌ.]

بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ, and ظَهْرَانَيْهِ, and الظَّهْرَانَيْنِ, &c.: see ظَهْرٌ, former half, in five places.

ظَهَارٌ The exterior (K, TA) and elevated (TA) part of a [stony tract such as is called] حَرَّة. (K, TA.) ظُهَارٌ Pain in the back. (Az, O, TA.) A2: See also ظَهْرٌ, third quarter, in two places.

ظَهِيرٌ: see ظَاهِرٌ.

A2: Also An aider, or assistant; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) and so ↓ ظِهْرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ ظُهْرَةٌ: (K:) [in one place, in the K, ظِهْرَةٌ is expl. by عَوْن; but by this is meant, as will be seen below, the same as is meant by مُعِين, by which all the three words are expl. in another place in the K, as well as in the S &c.:] and aiders, or assistants; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ ظِهْرَةٌ and ↓ ظُهْرَةٌ and ↓ ظَهْرٌ: (TA:) the pl. of ظَهِيرٌ is ظُهَرَآءُ. (O.) It is said in the Kur [xxv. 57], وَكَانَ الكَافِرُ عَلَى رَبِّهِ ظَهِيرًا And the unbeliever is an aider of the enemies of God [against his Lord]. (Ibn-'Arafeh.) You say also, فُلَانٌ عَلَى فُلَانٍ ↓ ظِهْرَتِى Such a one is my aider (عَوْن) against such a one: and عَلَى هٰذَا ↓ أَنَا ظِهْرَتُكَ الأَمْرِ I am thine aider against this thing, or affair. (S, O.) And it is also said in the Kur [lxvi. 4], وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ [And the angels after that will be his aiders]: and instance of ظهير in a pl. sense: (S, O, Msb:) for words of the measures فَعُولٌ and فَعِيلٌ are sometimes masc. and fem. [and sing.] and pl. (S.) You also say, ↓ جَآءَ فُلَانٌ فِى ظِهْرَتِهِ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ ظُهْرَتِهِ, (A, K,) and ↓ ظَهَرَتِهِ, and ↓ ظَاهِرَتِهِ, (K,) Such a one came among his people, (S,) or kinsfolk, (K,) and those who performed his affairs for him, (S, A,) i. e., his aiders, or assistants. (A.) And وَاحِدَةٍ ↓ هُمْ فِى ظِهْرَةٍ They aid one another against the enemies. (TA.) b2: Also Strong in the back; (K;) sound therein: (Lth:) and so ↓ مُظَهَّرٌ: (S, O, K:) applied to a man: (S:) or hard and strong; whether in the back or any other part is not said: (TA:) in this sense, (TA,) or as signifying strong, (S, O,) applied to a camel: fem. with ة. (S, O, TA.) b3: Also A camel whose back is not used, on account of galls, or sores, upon it: or unsound in the back by reason of galls, or sores, or from some other cause. (Th.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (TA.) A3: See also ظَهِرٌ.

ظِهَارَةٌ [The facing, or outer covering, or] what is uppermost, (TA,) what is apparent (Msb, TA) to the eye, (Msb,) not next the body, of a garment; (TA;) and in like manner, what is uppermost and apparent, not next the ground, of a carpet; (TA;) as also ↓ ظَاهِرَةٌ: (JK:) contr. of بِطَانَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. ظَهَائِرُ. (TA.) ظَهِيرَةٌ The point of midday: (M, A, K:) or only in summer: (M, K:) or i. q. هَاجِرَةٌ [i. e. midday in summer or when the heat is vehement: or the period from a little before, to a little after, midday in summer: or midday, when the sun declines from the meridian, at the ظُهْر: or from its declining until the عَصْر]: (S, O, TA:) or the هَاجِرَة, which is when the sun declines from the meridian: (Msb:) or the vehement heat of midday: (IAth, TA:) or i. q. ظُهْرٌ [q. v.]: (Az, TA:) pl. ظَهَائِرُ. (TA.) You say, أَتْيْتُهُ حَدَّ الظَّهِيرَةِ [I came to him at the point of midday in summer; &c.]: and حِينَ قَامَ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ [when the sun had become high, and the shade had almost disappeared: so expl. in art. قوم]. (S, O.) and أَبْرِدْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ Stay thou until the middayheat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool. (L in art. فيح.) And hence, in a trad. of 'Omar, when a man came to him complaining of gout in the feet, he said, كَذَبَتْكَ الظَّهَائِرُ, meaning Take thou to walking during the heat of the middays in summer. (TA.) ظُهَارِيَّةٌ One of the modes of seizing [and throwing down] in wrestling: or i. q. شَغْزَبِيَّةٌ: (K:) the twisting one's leg with the leg of another in the manner that is termed شَغْزَبِيَّة, and so throwing him down: one says, أَخَذَهُ الظُّهَارِيَّةَ and الشَّغْزَبِيَّةَ [He seized him and threw him down by the trick above described]: both signify the same: (ISh, O:) or ظُهَارِيَّةٌ signifies the throwing one down upon the back. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And (hence, as being likened thereto, TA) (tropical:) A certain mode, or manner, of compressing, or coïtus. (O, K, TA.) b3: And أَوْثَقَهُ الظُّهَارِيَّةَ He bound his hands behind his back. (Ibn-Buzurj, O, K, TA.) ظَاهِرٌ [Outward, exterior, external, extrinsic, or exoteric: and hence, appearing, apparent, overt, open, perceptible or perceived, manifest, conspicuous, ostensible, plain, or evident: in all these senses] contr. of بَاطِنٌ: (S, K, TA:) and so ↓ ظَهِيرٌ. (TA.) [Hence, ظَاهِرًا Outwardly, &c.: and apparently; &c.: and فِى الظَّاهِرِ in appearance. And الظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ كَذَا It appears, or it seems, or what seems to be the case is, that it is so, or thus. And ظَاهِرُ كَذَا for ظَاهِرٌ فِيهِ كَذَا, meaning A person, or thing, in whom, or in which, such a quality is apparent, or manifest, &c.: see an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. طعن.] See also مُظْهَرٌ. b2: [Hence also,] عَيْنٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ A prominent eye; (S, O, K, TA;) that fills its cavity. (TA.) b3: And هٰذَا

أَمْرٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَنْكَ عَارُهُ (tropical:) This is a thing, or an affair, of which the disgrace is remote from thee: (S, TA:) or does not cleave to thee. (TA.) and هٰذَا عَيْبٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَنْكَ (tropical:) This is a vice, or fault, that does not cleave to thee. (A.) A poet says, (namely, Kutheiyir, accord. to a copy of the S, or Aboo-Dhu-eyb, TA,) وَعَيَّرَهَا الوَاشُونَ أَنِّى أُحِبُّهَا وَتِلْكَ شَكَاةٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَنْكَ عَارُهَا (tropical:) [And the slanderers taunted her with the fact of my loving her; but that is a fault of which the disgrace is remote from thee]. (S, TA.) b4: [الظَّاهِرُ also signifies The outside, or exterior, of a thing. You say, نَزَلَ ظَاهِرَ المَدِينَةِ He alighted, or took up his abode, outside the city: comp. ظَاهِرَةٌ. Hence,] ظَاهِرُ الكَفِّ and ظَاهِرُ القَدَمِ; and another signification of ظَاهِرٌ: for all of which see ظَهْرٌ, third quarter. b5: [Also The external, outward, or extrinsic, state, condition, or circumstances, of a man: and the outward, or apparent, character, or disposition of the mind: opposed to البَاطِنُ.] b6: One says also, فُلَانٌ ظَاهِرٌ عَلَى فُلَانٍ Such a one has the ascendancy, or mastery, over such a one; is conqueror of him, or victorious over him. (TA.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ ظَاهِرٌ بِكَ This is a thing, or an affair, that overcomes, or overpowers, thee. (TA.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ

أَنْتَ بِهِ ظَاهِرٌ This is an affair which thou hast power to do. (TA.) [And هُوَ ظَاهِرٌ عَلَى كَذَا He is a conqueror, a winner, an achiever, or an attainer, of such a thing: see an ex. voce غَرَبٌ, near the end.] And الظَّاهِرُ is one of the names of God, meaning The Ascendant, or Predominant, over all things: or, as some say, He who is known -by inference of the mind from what appears to mankind of the effects of his actions and his attributes. (IAth, TA.) b7: حَاجَتُهُ عِنْدَكَ ظَاهِرَةٌ means (tropical:) His want is in thine estimation [an object of contempt, or neglect, as though] cast behind the back. (O, * TA.) b8: قَرَأَهُ ظَاهِرًا: see ظَهْرٌ, towards the end of the paragraph.

A2: شَآءٌ ظَوَاهِرُ Sheep, or goats, that come to the water every day at noon. (TA.) ظَاهِرَةٌ as a subst.; and its pl. ظَوَاهِرُ: see ظَهْرٌ, in four places, in the third quarter of the paragraph. [Hence,] قُرَيْشُ الظَّوَاهِرِ Those, of Kureysh, that dwell in the exterior of Mekkeh, (O,) upon the mountains thereof, (K, * TA,) or upon the higher parts of Mekkeh: (TA:) those who dwell in the lower parts are called قُرَيْشُ البِطَاحِ; (O, * TA;) and these are the more honourable, (O, TA, *) because they are neighbours of the House of God. (O.) b2: See also ظِهَارَةٌ.

A2: And see ظَهِيرٌ.

A3: Also The coming of camels, (S, O, K, TA,) and of sheep or goats, (TA,) to the water every day, at noon. (S, O, K, TA.) One says, of camels, [and of sheep or goats,] تَرِدُ الظَّاهِرَةَ [They come to the water every day, at noon]: and Sh says that they return from the water at the عَصْر. (TA.) And شَرِبَ الفَرَسُ ظَاهِرَةً The horse drank every day, at noon. (TA.) ظَاهِرَةُ الغِبِّ [The coming to the water at noon on alternate days] is for sheep or goats; scarcely ever, or never, for camels; and is a little shorter [in the interval] than what is called [simply] الغِبُّ. (O, TA.) مَظْهَرٌ i. q. مَصْعَدٌ [i. e. A place of ascent, or a place to which one ascends]; (O, K; in some copies of the latter of which, both words are erroneously written with damm to the م; TA;) and دَرَجَةٌ [as meaning a degree, grade, rank, condition, or station, or an exalted, or a high, grade, &c.]: (O:) used by En-Nábighah ElJaadee as meaning Paradise. (O, TA.) مُظْهَرٌ Made apparent, &c. b2: And hence, as also ↓ ظَاهِرٌ, but the former more commonly, applied to a noun, Explicit; and, elliptically, an explicit noun; opposed to مُضْمَرٌ and ضَمِيرٌ (a concealed noun, i. e. a pronoun); and to مُبْهَمٌ (a noun of vague signification).]

مُظْهِرٌ Possessing camels for riding or for carrying goods: pl. مُظْهِرُونَ. (S, * K, * TA.) A2: and A camel made to sweat by the ظَهِيرَة [or vehement heat of midday in summer]. (Sgh, K, TA.) and accord. to As, one says, ↓ أَتَانَا فُلَانٌ مُظَهِّرًا, meaning Such a one came to us in the time of the ظَهِيرَة [or midday in summer, &c.]: but accord. to A 'Obeyd, others say مُظْهِرًا, without teshdeed; and this is the proper form: (S) or both mean, in the time of the ظُهْر. (O.) مُظَهَّرٌ: see ظَهِيرٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

مُظَهِّرٌ: see مُظْهِرٌ.

مُظْهُورٌ pass. part. n. of ظَهَرَ [q. v.]. b2: See also ظَهِرٌ. Quasi ظور 3 ظَاوِرْ, occurring in a trad. for ظَائِرْ: see 3 in art. ظأر.

فوم

2 فَوَّمْتُ الخُبْزَ I made bread, or the bread. (IJ, M.) [And] فَوِّمُوا لَنَا Make ye bread for us: (T, S:) a phrase said by Fr to have been heard from the Arabs as meaning thus. (T.) فُومٌ, a word occurring in the Kur ii. 58, (T, S, M, &c.,) is expl. as signifying the same as ثُومٌ [which generally means Garlic; but is said to have also the meaning here next following]; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) said to be a dial. var. of the latter word, but app. [if meaning “ garlic ”] formed, as IJ says, by the substitution of ف for ث; (M;) and 'Abd-Allah [Ibn-Mes'ood] read [in the Kur ubi suprà] وَثُومِهَا [instead of وَفُومِهَا]: (Fr, T, S:) it is also expl. as signifying wheat; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) which is said by Lh to be a meaning of ثُوم and فُوم; and if Ibn-Mes'ood read the word as ثوم, the meaning is فوم, i. e. “ wheat; ” (T;) accord. to Fr, it is an old word, signifying thus, (T, S, *) and also bread; (T, S, K;) Zj says that there is no difference of state-ment among the lexicologists as to its having the former of these two meanings, that it is said to have the latter also, and that it also signifies the other grains, beside wheat, whereof bread is made [which last meaning is also mentioned in the K]; (T;) and IJ holds that it is rightly expl. as having the first of these three meanings (i. e. “ wheat ”) and the last of them: (M:) another meaning assigned to it is حِمَّصٌ [i. e. cicer arietinum; or chick-peas]; (S, K;) which is of the dial. of Syria: (S:) and it signifies also any عُقْدَة [app. meaning head of a plant, such as that] of an onion, or of a garlic: or a great gobbet of food: (K: [for أَوْ لُقْمَةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ in the CK, I read او لُقْمَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ as in other copies of the K:]) in the dial. of Azd-es-Saráh, it is applied to ears of corn; and ↓ فُومَةٌ is its n. un.; (M;) this latter signifying an ear of corn, (S, K, TA,) as expl. by IDrd: (TA:) فُومٌ has فُومَانٌ [of the measure فُعْلَنَانٌ] for a pl., this being [virtually] a pl. pl.; mentioned by IJ, who says that the dammeh in فُومٌ is different from the dammeh in فُومَانٌ. (M, TA.) فُومَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, near the end. b2: Also A thing that one carries between his two fingers. (K.) قَطَعُوا الشَّاةَ فُوَمًا فُوَمًا (M, K, *) means [They cut the sheep, or goat,] into a number of pieces; (M;) like فُؤَمًا. (K.) فَامِىٌّ, altered from فُومِىٌّ, A seller of فُوم [app. 3]. in any of its senses, but accord. to the TA as meaning wheat, or chick-peas]: (S, K:) [or] a seller of fruit: (MA:) accord. to Az, (TA,) الفَامِىُّ means السُّكَّرِىُّ, (Mgh, TA,) who is called by the vulgar البَيَّاعُ [generally signifying the seller, or vender; perhaps here meaning the seller of sugar, though I do not anywhere find السُّكَّرِىُّ thus explained]; (Mgh;) but he says, “I do not think it genuine Arabic. ” (TA.)

لوث

1 لَاثَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْثٌ, He folded a thing: (IAar, IKt:) and twisted it. (IAar.) These are the original meanings. (IAar, IKt.) b2: He turned a thing round twice; as a turban is turned round, and an إِزَار. (TA.) b3: He bound, or wound round, a turban. (K.) Yousay لَاثَ العَمِامَةَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He bound, or wound round, the turban on his head. (S.) b4: لَاثَ الوَبَرَ بِالفَلْكَةِ He wound the camel's hair round the whirl of the spindle. (TA.) b5: الأَسْقِيَةُ الِتَّى تُلَاثُ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهَا The skins that are bound and tied round their mouths. (TA, from a trad.) b6: لَاثَ, aor. ـُ He (a man) went round about; syn. دَارَ. (S.) b7: لَاثَ بِشَىْءٍ He went round about a thing; syn. طاف به. (TA.) b8: لَاثَ بِهِ النَّاسُ, and ↓ الاث, The people collected around him. (TA, from a trad.) b9: لَاثَتْ قَرُنًا مِنْ قُرُونِهَا بِالدُّهْنِ She surrounded, or, as some say, intermixed [one of her locks of hair with ointment]. (TA, from a trad.) b10: لَاثَ, and ↓ الاث, and ↓ التاث, It (a plant, or tree, or herbage,) became tangled and luxuriant. (TA.) b11: لَاثَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْثٌ, He rolled about a morsel of food in melted fat or the like. (K.) b12: لَاثَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْثٌ, He chewed, or mumbled, a thing; syn. لَاكَ; (K;) such as a morsel of food, &c. (TA) b13: لَاثَهُ المَطَرُ, and ↓ لوّثهُ, The rain laid it, or mixed it, (i. e., a plant,) part over part. (TA.) b14: لَاثَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْثٌ; (K;) or لَوِثَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. لَوَثٌ; (L;) and ↓ التاث, (S, K,) He was slow, or tardy, (S, K,) فِى عَمَلِهِ in his work, (S,) or فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair. (K.) b15: ↓ التاث He (a camel) was slow, or tardy and languid. (TA, from a trad.) b16: لَاثَ عَنْ حَاجَتِى He was slow, tardy, or tedious, in accomplishing my want. (TA.) b17: لَاثَ لَوْثًا مِنَ الكَلَامِ He twisted his speech, and did not make it plain by reason of shame. (IKt, TA, from a trad.) [Similarly, فى كَلَامِهِ ↓ التاث. (A.)] b18: لَاثَ He was slow in speech, and heavy in tongue. (TA.) b19: See 8. b20: لَاثَ الدَّارَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْثٌ, He kept to the house. (K.) b21: لَاثَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْثٌ; and ↓ لوّث, inf. n. تَلْوِيثٌ; He mixed, and steeped, or macerated, in water. (K.) b22: لَاثَ بِهِ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. لَوْثٌ, K,) He took refuge in him; had recourse to him for protection or concealment: (S, K:) i. q. لَاذَ: (S:) accord. to Yaakoob, the ث here is a substitute for the ذ of لاَذَ. (TA.) 2 لوّث التِّبْنَ بِالقَتِّ He mixed the straw with [the kind of trefoil called] قتّ. (A.) b2: لوّث He, or it, rendered water turbid. (S.) b3: لوّث, inf. n. تَلْوِيثٌ, He befouled, defiled, polluted, dirtied, soiled, besmeared, or bedaubed, (S, K,) his clothes with mud. (S.) b4: See 1 and 8.4 أَلْوَثَ see 1.

A2: أَلْوَثَتِ الأَرْضُ The land produced fresh, or green, herbage, (رَطْب, as in some copies of the K, or رُطْب, as in others and in the TA,) among that which was dry. So in the K: but in the L, as follows. الوث الصِّلِّيَانُ The صلّيان dried up, and then produced fresh, or green, shoots: and sometimes the same verb is thus used with reference to the ضَعَة and هَلْتَى and سَحَم: of the ثُمَام, one scarcely ever says الوث, but بَقَلَ; nor does one say of the الوث عَرْفَج, but ادبى, and إِمْتَعَسَ. (TA.) b2: أَلَثْتُ بِهِ مَالِى I asked him to keep my property as a deposit. (K.) From اللَّوْثُ “ the taking refuge. ” (TA.) b3: لَمْ يُلِثْ, in a verse of El-'Ajjáj, He, or it, did not make to delay. (TA.) 5 تلوّث It (a garment) was, or became, befouled, defiled, polluted, dirtied, soiled, besmeared, or bedaubed, with mud. (Msb.) b2: تلوّث بِالْأَمْرِ [app., He was confused, or perplexed, by the affair]. (Lth.) 8 التاث: see 1. b2: It was, or became, collected together. (TA) b3: التاث; (S, K;) and ↓ لوّث, inf. n. تَلْوِيثٌ; (L;) It (an affair, TA,) was, or became, confused, (S, K,) intricate, and difficult. (TA.) You say التاثت عَلَيْهِ الأُموُرُ The affairs became confused, and intricate, to him: (TA:) and التاثت الخُطُوبُ [The affairs became confused]. (S.) b4: Also, both verbs, (the former accord. to the S and K, and the latter accord. to the L,) It became wound about. (S, L, K.) Yousay إِلْتَاثَتْ بِرَأْسِ القَلَمِ شَعْرَةٌ (so in one copy of the S: in another, التاث) [A hair became wound about the head, or tip, of the reed-pen: read, erroneously, by Golius, and Freytag, التاث برأس القلم شَعَرَهُ]. (S.) b5: He became strong, powerful, or vigorous. (K, TA.) b6: He became fat. (K, TA.) b7: He withheld, or restrained; syn. حَبَسَ: (K:) [but it seems rather to signify he withheld, or restrained, himself; syn. إِحْتَبَسَ; like ↓ لَاثَ]. Accord. to the K, لوّث, inf. n. تَلْوِيثٌ, signifies the same; but it is not so: it is the same as التاث only as signifying “ it was, or became confused ”, and “ it became wound about. ” (TA.) حَلَّ مِنْ عِمَامَتِهِ لَوْثًا أَوْ لَوْثَيْنِ He loosed, or undid, a turn, or twist, or two turns, or twists, of his turban. (TA, from a trad.) A2: لَوْثٌ Strength; power; vigour: (S, K, TA:) as also ↓ لُوثَةٌ, [as in one place,] or ↓ لُوْثَةٌ, [as in another]. (TA.) A3: نَاقَةٌ ذَاتُ لَوْثٍ, and ↓ لُوثَةٍ A strong she-camel; a she-camel endowed with strength, or vigour: (TA:) or, the former, (L,) or the latter, (S,) a she-camel having much flesh and fat, (S, L,) with which she is bound round: (L:) or, as some say, stupid, unsteady, and hasty; syn. ذات هَوَجٍ: (S:) or, the former, a bulky she-camel; yet her bulkiness does not prevent her being swift. (Lth.) b2: رَجُلٌ ذُو لَوْثٍ A strong man. (TA.) b3: لَوْثٌ, (IAar,) or ↓ لَوْثَةٌ, (As,) Resolution of mind, (IAar, As,) and strength of mind. (IAar.) b4: لَوْتٌ, Evil, as a subst. (K.) b5: لَوْثٌ Mutual suits, or demands, with malevolences, or rancours: (K:) one says, بَيْنَهُمْ لَوْثٌ Between them are mutual suits, &c. (TK.) A4: لَوْثٌ Offsets of palm-trees. (AHn.) A5: لَوْثٌ Wounds; syn. حِرَاحَاتٌ. (K.) A6: لَوْثٌ Weak, incomplete, evidence; (Az, in Msb;) resembling what is termed دَلَالَةٌ, (Az, K,) not complete, or perfect, evidence; so accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee: (Az.:) it is one person's giving his testimony to the fact of a slain person's declaring, before his death, that a certain person slew him; or two persons giving their testimony to the fact of there having existed enmity between them two, [i. e., the slain person and the person accused of slaying him,] or, of one's having threatened the other; and the like: it is from تَلَوَّثَ as signifying “ it was befouled, or defiled. ” (TA.) b2: See لَوَتٌ, and لُوثَةٌ.

لِيثٌ A certain plant (S, K) that winds about: the و is changed into ى on account of the kesreh before it. (S.) لَوَثٌ, or ↓ لَوْثٌ, (as in different copies of the S) Languor; flaccidity; in a man. (S.) لَوِثٌ: see لَائِثٌ.

لِثَةٌ The gum, accord. to some, belongs to this art., because the flesh of the gums is bound (لِيثَ) round the roots of the teeth. (TA.) لَوْثَةٌ: see لَوْثٌ, and لُوثَةٌ.

لوثَةٌ Languor, and slowness, or tardiness. (S, K.) b2: رَجُلٌ ذُو لُوثَةٍ A man slow, or tardy, and weak. (TA.) b3: لُوثَةٌ Weakness: (IAar, K:) as also ↓ لَوْثٌ. (TA.) b4: Weakness of judgment, and a repetition, or stuttering, (تَلَجْلُجٌ,) in speech. (TA, from a trad.) An impediment in speech. (Msb.) b5: لُونَةٌ (IAar, M, K) and ↓ لَوْثَةٌ (IAar, M) and ↓ لَوْثٌ (Msb) Stupidity; foolishness; paucity of sense. (IAar, M, K, Msb.) b6: لُوثَةٌ A touch, or first affection, of insanity, or diabolical possession. (S, K.) b7: لُوثَةٌ A state of excitement; syn. هَيْجٌ. (S, K.) A2: لُوثَةٌ Abundance of flesh and fat, (S, K,) in a she-camel. (S.) [See لَوْثٌ.]

A3: لُوثَةٌ A piece of rag collected together, with which one plays. (K.) لِوَاثٌ: see لُوَاثَةٌ.

لُوَاثَةٌ and ↓ لَوِيثَةٌ A company, an assembly, or a troop, (K,) of men, and of other animals. (TA.) b2: مِنَ النَّاسِ ↓ لَوِيثَةٌ A company, or an assembly, of people of different tribes; (S, K;) like لَبِيثَةٌ. (K.) A2: لُوَاثَةٌ One who, or a thing which, (الَّذِى: in the TA, الذر:) is befouled, or defiled, (يَتَلَوَّثُ) in anything. (K.) A3: لُوَاثَةٌ and ↓ لِوَاثٌ (the latter [in the CK لُوَاثٌ] is with kesr, and is mentioned in the L, without the former, on the authority of Fr, TA,) Flour [of wheat, &c.] which is sprinkled upon the table, beneath dough; (K,) to prevent the dough's adhering to the table. (TA.) لَوِيثَةٌ: see لُوَاثَةٌ.

لَيِّثٌ: see لَائِثٌ. b2: لِحْيَةٌ لَيِّثَةٌ (tropical:) A tangled beard. (TA.) b3: A beard in which half-white hairs are mixed with white: so in the K; but correctly, in which half-white, or grizzly, hairs are mixed with black. (TA.) وَيْلٌ لِلَّوَّاثِينَ الَّذِينَ يَلُوثُونَ مَعَ البَقَر إِرْفَعْ يَا غُلَامُ ضَعْ يَا غُلَامُ: respecting these words, occurring in a trad., El-Harbee says, I think the meaning to be, those to whom various kinds of food are carried round about; from اللَّوْثُ, “winding round ” a turban on the head. (IAth.) نَبَاتٌ لَائِثٌ, and ↓ لَاثٌ, and ↓ لَيِّثٌ, A tangled plant; (K;) a tangled and luxuriant plant: and in like manner, herbage: لَاثٌ is originally لَوِثٌ, or لَائِثٌ: (TA:) so also a tree.

A2: اللَّائِثُ (and اللَّيْثٌ, TA,) The lion: (K:) from لَوْثٌ

“ strength. ” (TA.) أَلْوَثُ A man slow, or tardy. (M.) b2: دِيمَةٌ لَوْثَاءُ [A lasting, or continuous, and still, rain] that lays, or mixes, the plants, part upon part, (Lth, K, TA,) like as straw is mixed with the kind of trefoil called قَتّ: (Lth, TA:) but this explanation is disapproved by AM. (TA.) b3: سَحَابَةٌ لَوْثَاءُ A slow cloud: such a cloud is the longest in raining. (AM.) b4: أَلْوَثُ Slow and heavy in tongue; (K;) slow in speech, and heavy in tongue: fem. لَوْثَاءُ, [pl. لُوتٌ]. (TA.) b5: A man weak in mind, or understanding: from لَوْثٌ, as signifying “ weak, incomplete, evidence. ” (Msb.) b6: أَلْوَثُ, like أَثْوَلُ, Stupid; foolish; of little sense; as also ↓ مُلْتَاثٌ: (TA:) stupid, foolish, or of little sense, and cowardly: pl. لُوثٌ. (IAar.) b7: Languid; flaccid: (S, K:) applied to a man. (S.) A2: Strong; powerful; vigorous. Thus the word bears two contrary significations. (K.) مَلَاثٌ [A place of refuge; a refuge]. [You say,] إِنَّهُ لَنِعْمَ المَلَاثُ لِلضِّيفَانِ Verily he is an excellent refuge for guests. (TA.) b2: مَلَاثٌ (S, K) and ↓ مِلْوَثٌ (K) (tropical:) One who is a refuge to others; a noble chief; (TA;) a nobleman; (Ks, S, K;) whom others compass, and go round about: (Ks, S:) or so called because the command is [as it were] bound round him; i. e., because affairs are connected with him: (TA:) pl. مَلَاوِثُ and مَلَاوِثَةٌ and مَلَاوِيثُ: (S, K:) the last used by poetic licence. (ISd.) مِلْوَثٌ: see مَلَاثٌ.

مُلَيَّثٌ A man (S) slow, or tardy, by reason of his fatness. (S, K.) [See also art. ليث.]

مَكَانٌ مُلَوَّثٌ and رَأْسٌ مُلَوّثٌ: see مُلَيَّثٌ in art. ليث.]

مُلْتَاثٌ: see أَلْوَثُ.

لقط

1 لَقَطَهُ, (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. لَقْطٌ, (Msb, TA,) He picked it up, took it up, raised it, (Mgh,) or took it, (S, K,) from the ground, (S, Mgh, K,) without trouble or fatigue; as also ↓ التقطهُ: (S:) or both signify he took it from a place where it was not thought to be; this being the primary signification: and hence, he took it. (Msb.) It is said of a man: and you say also, لَقَطَ الطَّائِرُ الحَبَّ [The bird picked up from the ground the grains]. (Msb.) The Arabs say to a calumniator, ↓ إِنَّ عِنْدَكَ دِيكًا يَلْتَقِطُ الحَصَى [Verily thou hast a cock that picks up pebbles]. (TA.) And it is said in a proverb, أَصَيْدَ القُنْفُذِ أَمْ لَقْطَهُ [Is it by the hunting of the hedgehog or the picking up thereof from the ground?] applied to a poor man who becomes rich suddenly. (TA.) [In Freytag's Arab. Prov. (i. 726,) أَصَيْدُ القُنْفُذِ أَمْ لُقَطَةٌ: and there asserted to be said of him who finds a thing which he had not sought: or, accord. to Sharafed-Deen, of a thing of the nature of which we may be uncertain.] You say also, لَقَطْتُ العِلْمِ مِنَ الكُتُبِ (assumed tropical:) [I picked up science, or knowledge, from books;] I acquired science, or knowledge, from this and that book. (Msb.) And لَقَطْتُ

أَصَابِعَهُ (assumed tropical:) I took off his fingers, by cutting, without [the main part of] the hand. (Msb.) 3 مُلَاقَطَةٌ A horse's lifting the legs all together in the pace called تَقْرِيب: (AO, K: *) or, in the pace called خَبَب, of a horse, it is similar to مُنَاقَلَةٌ. (JK.) A2: Also, (K,) and ↓ لِقَاطٌ, (TA,) The being over against, or facing. (K, TA.) You say, دَارُهُ بِلِقَاطِ دَارِى His house is over against, or faces, my house. (Lh, K.) and لَقِيتُهُ لِقَاطاً I met him face to face. (IAar.) 5 تلقّط فُلَانٌ التَّمْرَ, or الثَّمَرَ, (S, accord. to different copies, and K, *) Such a one, [picked up, or] took up from the ground, from this and that place, the dates, or the fruits. (S, K. *) 8 التقطهُ: see 1, in two places. b2: Also, He collected it. (Msb.) b3: And (tropical:) He stumbled upon it, or lighted on it, (K, TA,) unexpectedly, (TA,) without seeking; (K, TA;) such a thing, for instance, as a well, and herbage. (TA.) Yousay also, وَرَدْتُ الشَّىْءَ الْتِقَاطًا (tropical:) I came upon the thing unexpectedly, or unawares; (S, TA:) and لَقِيتُهُ الْتِقَاطًا (tropical:) I met him unexpectedly: (TA:) التقاطا in this sense being one of those inf. ns. which are used as denotatives of state. (Sb, TA.) لَقَطٌ What is picked up, or taken from the ground, (S, Msb, K,) of a thing; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ لُقْطَةٌ and ↓ لُقَطَةٌ and ↓ لُقَاطَةٌ: (K:) or ↓ this last signifies what one picks up, of lost property; as also ↓ لُقَاطٌ, with the ة elided; and ↓ لُقَطَةٌ like رُطَبَةٌ: (Msb:) or ↓ لُقَاطَةٌ signifies also what falls, or drops, of a thing that is worthless, (K, TA,) or paltry, and is taken by any one who chooses to take it: (TA:) and the same, what is picked up from the stumps of the branches of palm-trees, [app. meaning dates picked up thence,] after the cutting off of the dates: (TA:) IAth says, that ↓ لُقَطَةٌ, with damm to the ل and fet-h to the ق, is often mentioned in trads., and signifies property which is found: (TA:) Az says, that لُقَطَةٌ, with fet-h to the ق, signifies a thing which one finds dropped, or thrown down, and takes; (Mgh, Msb;) and that all the lexicologists and skilful grammarians say so; (Msb;) and in like manner, A 'Obeyd, on the authority of As and of El-Ahmar; (TA;) only Lth, of all whom he has heard, saying that it is ↓ لُقْطَةٌ, with sukoon; (Mgh, Msb;) and Fr: (TA:) IF and ElFárábee and others mention only ↓ لُقَطَةٌ; and some reckon the pronunciation with sukoon as an error of the vulgar; and the reason is this; that the original word is ↓ لُقَاطَةٌ, which, in consequence of its being in frequent use, as applied to what is picked up in plundering, is contracted, sometimes, by the elision of the ة, into ↓ لُقَاطٌ, and sometimes, by the elision of the ا into ↓ لُقَطَةٌ; and if they made the ق quiescent, there would be two alterations in the word, and such double alteration does not exist in chaste language: (Msb:) IB, however, says that ↓ لُقْطَةٌ is correct; and he approves it; because فُعْلَةٌ has the sense of a pass. part. n., as in the instance of ضُحْكَةٌ; and فُعَلَةٌ has the sense of an act. part. n., as in the instance of ضُحَكَةٌ; and that it occurs in poetry: and IAth observes, that some say thus; but that ↓ لُقَطَةٌ is more common and more correct. (TA.) Anything that is scattered, of ears of corn, or of fruit; n. un. with ة: (TA:) what is picked up, or taken from the ground, (S, Msb, K,) by men, (S,) of ears of corn; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ لُقَاطٌ, with damm: (S:) and ↓ لَقَاطٌ, like سَحَابٌ, the ears of corn which the reaping-hooks miss, (AHn, K,) and which men pick up. (AHn.) What is picked up from a mine: (Msb:) pieces of gold found in a mine; (K;) or such are termed لَقَطُ مَعْدِنٍ: (S:) or لَقَطٌ signifies pieces of gold, or of silver, like what are termed شَذْر, and larger, in mines; which are the best thereof: and one says ذَهَبٌ لَقَطٌ: (Lth:) and ↓ مُلْتَقَطٌ, also, signifies gold found in a mine. (TA.) You say also, فِى هٰذَا المَكَانِ لَقَطٌ مِنَ المَرْتَعِ In this place is some small quantity of pasturage. (S.) And فِى الأَرْضِ لَقَطٌ لِلْمَالِ In the land is pasturage not much in quantity for the beasts. (TA.) The pl. is أَلْقَاطٌ. (TA.) لُقْطَةٌ: see لَقَطٌ, throughout the first sentence. b2: Accord. to Lth, it [also] signifies A man who repeatedly and perseveringly seeks after things to be picked up, and picks them up: (TA:) and some say, that ↓ لُقَطَةٌ signifies one who picks up: but the more common and correct signification of this latter is “ property which is found,” as before stated. (IAth.) لُقَطَةٌ: see لَقَطٌ, throughout the first sentence: — and see لُقْطَةٌ.

لَقَاطٌ: see لَقَطٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

لُقَاطٌ: see لَقَطٌ, in three places.

لِقَاطٌ: see 3. b2: [The act of picking up the ears of corn which the reaping-hooks miss;] the act denoted in the explanation of لَقَاطٌ. (JK, K, TA.) You say, هُوَ يَتَعَيَّشُ بِالِلّقَاطِ عَنِ اللَّقَاطِ [He constrains himself to obtain the means of life, or he obtains what is barely sufficient for his sustenance, by picking up, or gleaning, from the ears of corn which the reaping-hooks have missed]. (TK: but there given without any syll. signs.) [If the reading intended be بِاللَّقَاطِ عَنِ اللِّقَاطِ, the meaning of لِقَاطٌ is The act of missing ears of corn with the reapinghook; as is implied in the K, where لَقَاطٌ is imperfectly explained: but this I think improbable.] لَقَاطٌ and لِقَاطٌ are [respectively] like حَصَادٌ [as signifying what is “ reaped ”] and حِصَادٌ [as signifying the act of “ reaping ”]. (TA.) لَقِيطٌ i. q. ↓ مَلْقُوطٌ; (Msb, K;) i. e. A thing that is picked up, taken up, raised, (Mgh,) or taken, (Msb, K,) from the ground, (Mgh, K,) or from a place where it was not thought to be. (Msb.) b2: And, generally, (Mgh,) A foundling; or child that is cast out, (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and found by a man, (Az, TA,) or picked up; (S;) or because it is cast out with the object of its being picked up: (Mgh:) not what Lth asserts it to be; i. e. a child that is cast out in the roads, and there found, whose father and mother are unknown: of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Az, TA:) and ↓ مَلْقُوطٌ signifies the same: (K:) [pl. of the former, لُقَطَآءُ.] b3: Also, A well upon which one lights unexpectedly, or unawares, (Lth, K,) without seeking it. (Lth.) لُقَاطَةٌ: see لَقَطٌ, first sentence, in four places.

لَقِيطَةٌ applied to a man, and to a woman, (tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean; (K, TA;) as also ↓ لَاقِطَةٌ applied to a man; (TA;) and so ↓ سَاقِطٌ مَاقِطٌ لَاقِطٌ, used together. (L in art. سقط.) It occurs in this sense preceded by سَقِيطَةٌ; but you say سَقِيطٌ when alone. (TA.) لَقَّاطٌ: see لَاقِطٌ.

لَقَّاطَةٌ: see لَاقِطٌ.

لَاقِطٌ and in an intensive sense ↓ لَقَّاطٌ and [in a doubly intensive sense] ↓ لَقَّاطَةٌ A man [who picks up things from the ground; and the second, who does so much, or often; and the third, who does so very much, or very often: or] who takes things from places where they were not thought to be: (Msb:) and all signify a man who picks up the ears of corn [that fall] when the crop is reaped, and [the fruit that falls] when the ripe dates are cut from the raceme: (TA:) and the first and second, a bird that picks up grains. (Msb.) b2: ↓ لِكُلِّ سَاقِطَةٍ لَاقِطَةٌ For every saying that falls from one, there is a person who will take it up: (Msb in art. سقط:) or for every word that falls from the mouth of the speaker, there is a person who will hear it and pick it up and publish it: (S, * K:) a proverb, (TA,) relating to the guarding of the tongue: (K:) the ة in لاقطة is to give intensiveness to the meaning, (Msb, in art. سقط,) or for the purpose of assimilation: (Msb in that art., and in the present one:) if you say لِكُلِّ ضَائِعٍ, or the like, you say لَاقِطٌ. (Msb in the present art.) b3: الحَصَى ↓ لَاقِطَةٌ The قَانِصَة [meaning stomach, &c.,] of a bird, (S, K,) in which pebbles become collected: (S:) or the omasum (قِبّة) of a sheep or goat [and the corresponding ventricle of a camel, as is shown in the TA in art. حصل; also called لَقَّاطَةُ الحَصَى (see قُرَيْحَآءُ);] because it conveys thereinto whatever it eats of earth and pebbles; (A, TA;) as also اللَّاقِطَةٌ [alone]. (TA.) A2: لَاقِطٌ also signifies (tropical:) Any freedman, or emancipated slave: (K:) or the slave of a freedman. (S in art. مقط, and TA in art. سقط:) the slave of the لاقط is called مَاقِطٌ; and the slave of the ماقط is called سَاقِطٌ: and hence the saying, هُوَ سَاقِطُ بْنُ مَاقِطِ بْنِ لَاقِطٍ. (K, TA [but in the CK, for هُوَ we find بَنُو, with the necessary difference in what follows it.]) See art. سقط. b2: See also لَقِيطَةٌ: and see أَلْقَاطٌ, which may be a pl. of لَاقِطٌ; as in لُقَّاطٌ, which is explained with أَلْقَاطٌ.

لَاقِطَةٌ: see لَاقِطٌ, in two places: A2: and see also لَقِيطَةٌ.

أَلْقَاطٌ pl. of لَقَطٌ, q. v. b2: (assumed tropical:) A small number of men, separated, or scattered, or dispersed. (S.) b3: [Also, perhaps as pl. of لَاقِطٌ, like as أَصْحَابٌ is pl. of صَاحِبٌ,] (tropical:) The refuse, or lowest, or basest, or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ لُقَّاطٌ [which is doubtless a pl. of لَاقِطٌ, like as سُقَّاطٍ is of سَاقِطٌ, and مُقَّاطٌ of مَاقِطٌ]. (IAar, in TA, art. خشر.) مَلْقَطٌ [A place where a thing is picked up:] a place where a thing is sought, or to be sought: a mine: (TA:) [pl. مَلاقِطُ.] b2: أَصْبَحَتْ مَرَاعِينَا مَلَاقِطَ مِنَ الجَدْبِ Our places of pasturage became dried up, and destitute of herbage, by reason of the drought. (As.) مِلْقَطٌ A thing with which, (K,) or in which, (JM,) one picks up, or takes up, from the ground: (JM, K;) as also ↓ مِلْقَاطٌ. (TA.) مِلْقَاطٌ: see مِلْقَطٌ. b2: The [instrument called]

مِنْقَاش, (K, TA,) with which hair is plucked up. (TA.) مَلْقُوطٌ: see لَقِيطٌ, in two places. IAth explains مَالٌ مَلْقُوطٌ as signifying property found. (TA.) مُلْتَقَطٌ: see لَقَطٌ, last sentence but two. b2: Also, applied to a thing, i. q. سَاقِطٌ (assumed tropical:) [Vile, mean, or paltry]. (TA.)

صعب

1 صَعُبَ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (A, K,) inf. n. صُعُوبَةٌ; (S, MA, Msb, K;) and ↓ استصعب; (S, A, MA, Msb, K;) and ↓ اصعب, (IAar, K,) inf. n. إِصْعَابٌ; (IAar, TA;) It (a thing, Msb, or an affair, or event, S, MA, Msb, K) was, or became, صَعْب, (S, A, &c.,) i. e. difficult, hard, hard to be done or accomplished, hard to be borne or endured, or distressing. (A, MA, K.) One says, عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ ↓ استصعب, (S, MA, Msb,) like صَعُبَ, (S, Msb,) The affair, or event, was, or became, difficult, &c., to him. (MA.) 2 صعّبهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَصْعِيبٌ; (TA;) [and]

↓ اصعبهُ, (A,) inf. n. إِصْعَابٌ; (KL;) and ↓ تصعّبهُ; (K;) He made, or rendered, it صَعْب, (A, K,) i. e. difficult, hard, &c. (A, K, KL.) 4 اصعب: see 1. b2: Said of a camel, He was, or became, صَعْب [meaning refractory, or untractable]: (K, TA:) [and in like manner one says ↓ استصعب: (see its contr. استصحب:) and ↓ تصعّب, which is also said of a man:] and اصعب said of a camel, he was unridden, (A, TA,) and untouched by a rope. (A.) b3: Also, said of a man, His camel was, or became, refractory, or untractable. (L, TA.) A2: اصعبهُ: see 2. b2: Also He left him (i. e. a camel) unridden, (S, K, TA,) and untouched by a rope, so that he became refractory, or untractable. (S, K.) [See مُصْعَبٌ]. b3: And He found it (i. e. an affair, or event, S, Msb, or a thing, K) to be صَعْب [i. e. difficult, hard, &c.]; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ استصعبهُ: (Msb, K:) or both signify he saw it, or held it, to be so. (TA.) [See an ex. of the former in a verse cited voce رَيْثٌ.]5 تصعّب, intrans.: see 4.

A2: تصعّبهُ: see 2.10 استصعب, intrans.: see 1, in two places: b2: and see also 4.

A2: استصعبهُ: see 4.

صَعْبٌ Difficult, hard, hard to be done or accomplished, hard to be borne or endured, or distressing; (A, MA, K;) contr. of سَهْلٌ; (Mgh, TA;) as also ↓ صُعْبُوبٌ: (T, O, K, TA:) pl. of the former صِعَابٌ; (Msb;) and of ↓ the latter, صَعَابِيبُ. (T, TA.) One says أَمْرٌ صَعْبٌ A difficult, hard, or distressing, affair or event. (A.) And عَقَبَةٌ صَعْبَةٌ (thus in the A, but in the Msb and TA without any syll. signs,) [A mountainroad] difficult, hard, or distressing: (TA:) pl. عِقَابٌ صِعَابٌ (A, Msb *) and صَعْبَاتٌ with sukoon [to the ع because the word is an epithet; for if it were a subst., it would be صَعَبَاتٌ]. (Msb.) [Or عُقْبَةٌ صَعْبَةٌ may perhaps be meant in the TA, i. e. A difficult, hard, or distressing, stage of a journey.] b2: Also Refractory, untractable, incompliant, obstinate, or stubborn; (K, * TA;) contr. of ذَلُولٌ; (S, A, TA;) applied to a camel, (S, A,) or to a beast; (TA;) [and to a man;] fem. صَعْبَةٌ, (S, TA,) which is applied to a woman: (S:) and the pl. of this is صِعَابٌ, [as of the masc.,] (TA,) and صَعْبَاتٌ, applied to women, with sukoon [to the ع because the word is an epithet]. (S, TA.) رَكِبَ النَّاسُ الصَّعْبَةَ وَالذَّلُولَ, occurring in a trad. of I'Ab, [lit. The people rode the refractory and the tractable she-camel,] means (assumed tropical:) the people entered upon difficult and easy affairs; i. e. they cared not for things, nor were cautious respecting what they said and did. (L, TA.) b3: [Hence,] الصَّعْبُ The lion; (O, K;) because of his untractableness. (TA.) صُعْبُوبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first sentence, in two places.

صَاعِبٌ Land containing stones such as fill the hand, and other stones, which is tilled, or cultivated. (K, TA.) مُصْعَبٌ A stallion [of camels]: (S, K:) and a camel, (S, A,) or a stallion [of camels], (ISk, TA,) left unridden, and untouched by a rope, (ISk, S, A, TA,) so as to become refractory, or untractable: (S:) or an unbroken camel, upon whose back nothing is allowed to be put: (L, TA:) pl. مَصَاعِبُ and مَصَاعِيبُ. (ISk, TA.) b2: It is also applied as an epithet to a man, (A, Msb, TA,) meaning مَسَوَّدٌ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) Made a chief or lord &c.]: (TA:) pl. مَصَاعِبُ. (A, Msb.) One says, فُلَانٌ مُصْعَبٌ مِنَ المَصَاعِبِ (tropical:) [Such a man is one of those who have been made chiefs or lords &c.]; like as one says, قَرْمٌ مِنَ القُرُومِ. (A.) مُصْعِبٌ A man whose camel is refractory, or untractable: occurring in a trad. (L, TA.)

ذهب

1 ذَهَبَ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. ذَهَابٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ذِهَابٌ (TA) and ذُهُوبٌ (S, A, K) and مَذْهَبٌ, (A, K,) He (a man, S, [and a beast,]) went [in any manner, or any pace]; went, or passed, along; marched; journeyed; proceeded: went, or passed, away; departed: syn. مَشَى, (A,) or سَارَ, (K,) or مَرّ: (S, A, K:) and said of a mark or trace or the like [as meaning it went away]. (Msb.) [And hence, (assumed tropical:) It wasted away; became consumed, destroyed, exhausted, spent, or expended.] b2: ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ He went, repaired, betook himself, or had recourse, to him, or it. (TA.) And they say also, ذَهَبَ الشَّأْمَ [He went to Syria]; making the verb trans. without a particle; for although الشأم is here a special adv. n., they liken it to a vague locality. (TA.) b3: ذَهَبَ عَنْهُ He, or it, went from, quitted, relinquished, or left, him, or it. (TA.) b4: ذَهَبَ فِىالأَرْضِ, (A, Msb,) inf. n. ذَهَابٌ and ذُهُوبٌ and مَذْهَبٌ, He went away [into the country, or in the land]: (Msb:) [but it often means (assumed tropical:) he went into the open country, or out of doors, to satisfy a want of nature: or simply] (tropical:) he voided his excrement, or ordure. (A.) b5: ذَهَبَ بِهِ He went, or went away, with him, or it: (A:) and he made him, or it, to go, go away, pass away, or depart; (A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اذهبهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and بِهِ ↓ اذهب, (K,) but this is rare; (Zj, TA;) and ↓ ذهّبهُ, inf. n. تَذْهِيبٌ: (MF:) [all may likewise be rendered he removed, dispelled, put away, or banished, it; properly and tropically: and (assumed tropical:) he made it to cease; made away with it, did away with it, made an end of it; wasted, consumed, destroyed, exhausted, spent, or expended, it; and these meanings may perhaps be intended by أَزَالَهُ, whereby the first is explained in the A and K, as are also the second and third in the K:] or, accord. to some, when ذَهَبَ is trans. by means of بِ, accompaniment is necessarily signified; but not otherwise; so that if you say ذَهَبَ بِهِ, the meaning is, he went away with him, or it; i. e., accompanying him, or it; [he took away, or carried off or away, him, or it;] but if you say ↓ اذهبهُ or ↓ ذهّبهُ, the meaning is, he made him, or it, to go, go away, pass away, or depart, alone, without accompanying him, or it: this, however, is not agreeable with the phrase in the Kur [ii. 16], ذَهَبَ اللّٰهُ بِنُورِهِمْ [though this may be well rendered God taketh away their light]. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] one says, أَيْنَ يُذْهَبُ بِكَ, which may mean (assumed tropical:) Where, or whither, wilt thou be taken away, and what will be done with thee and made to come to pass with thee, if this be thine intellect? or, accord. to Mtr, it is a saying of the people of Baghdád, addressed to him whom they charge with foolish judgment or opinion, as meaning أَيْنَ يُذْهَبُ بِعَقْلِكَ (assumed tropical:) [Where, or whither, is thine intellect taken away?]. (Har p. 574.) [In like manner one says, ذَهَبَ عَقْلُهُ (assumed tropical:) His reason, or intellect, quitted him, or forsook him; he became bereft of his reason, or intellect. And ذَهَبَ فُؤَادُهُ (assumed tropical:) His heart forsook him, or failed him, by reason of fear or the like.] and ذَهَبَ لَحْمُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His flesh wasted away]. (K in art. بحر, &c.) And ذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ فِى القَوْمِ (tropical:) The man became lost [or he disappeared] among the people, or party. (A.) And ذَهَبَ المَآءَ فِى اللَّبَنِ (tropical:) The water became lost [or it disappeared] in the milk. (A.) b6: ذَهَبَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) It escaped his memory; he forgot it. (A, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, dubious, confused, or vague, to him. (MA.) b7: ذَهَبَ مَذْهَبًا حَسَنًا (S, A, TA) (tropical:) He pursued a good way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. (TA.) And ذَهَبَ فِى الدِّينِ مَذْهَبًا (assumed tropical:) He formed, or held, an opinion, or a persuasion, or a belief, respecting religion: or, accord. to Es-Sarakustee, he introduced an innovation in religion. (Msb.) And ذَهَبَ مَذْهَبَ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) He pursued the way, course, mode, or manner, of acting &c. of such a one. (Msb.) And ذَهَبَ لِذَهْبِهِ and لِمَذْهَبِهِ (tropical:) He pursued his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting &c. (JK, TA.) and ذَهَبَ إِلَى مَذْهَبٍ (tropical:) He betook himself to [or took to or held] a belief, a creed, a persuasion, a doctrine, an opinion, a tenet, or a body of tenets or articles of belief. (K, TA.) And فُلَانٌ يَذْهَبُ

إِلَى قَوْلِ أَبِى حَنِيفَةَ (tropical:) Such a one takes to, or holds, [the saying, or] the belief, creed, persuasion, doctrine, &c., of Aboo-Haneefeh. (A.) [and ذَهَبَ إِلَى أَنَّ الأَمْرَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He held, or was of opinion, that the thing, or affair, or case, was so. And ذَهَبَ بِلَفْظٍ إِلَىلَفْظٍ آخَرَ (assumed tropical:) He regarded a word, or an expression, in his manner of using it, as equivalent to another word, or expression; as, for instance, when one makes a fem. noun masc. because it is syn. with a noun that is masc., or makes a verb trans. by means of a certain perticle because it is syn. with a verb that is trans. by means of that same particle: and also (assumed tropical:) he regarded a word, or an expression, as etymologically relating, or traceable, to another word, or expression. And ذَهَبَ بِهِ إِلَى مَعْنَى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He regarded it, or used it, (i. e. a word, or an expression,) as relating to such a meaning, or as meaning such a thing.] b8: ذَهَبَ فِى طَلَبِ الشَّىْءِ كُلَّ مَذْهَبٍ (assumed tropical:) [He tried every way, or did his utmost, in seeking the thing]. (K in art. موت.) And ذَهَبَ فِىاللِّينِ كُلَّ مَذْهَبٍ (assumed tropical:) [It attained the utmost degree of softness]: said of the skin. (TA in that art.) b9: اِذْهَبْ إِلَيْكَ (assumed tropical:) Betake, or apply, thyself to thine own affairs; or occupy thyself therewith. (T and K * voce إِلَى.) b10: ذَهَبَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ فِى الشَّبَهِ i. q. نَزَعَ (assumed tropical:) [He inclined to his father in likeness; resembled him; or had a natural likeness to him]. (S in art. نزع.) A2: ذَهِبَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ذَهَبٌ; (TA;) and ذِهِبَ, with two kesrehs, (IAar, K,) of the dial. of Temeem, held by AM to be a variation generally allowable in the case of a verb of which the medial radical letter is a faucial and with kesr; (TA;) He (a man) saw gold in the mine, (S,) or came suddenly, in the mine, upon much gold, and his reason departed in consequence thereof, (K,) and his eyes became dazzled, so as not to close, or move, the lids, or became confused, so as not to see, (S, K,) by reason of the greatness thereof in his eye: (S:) it is derived from ذَهَبٌ: and the epithet applied to a man in this case is ↓ ذَهِبٌ. (TA.) 2 ذَهَّبَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places: A2: and see also 4.4 أَذْهَبَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in three places.

A2: Also اذهبهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. إِذْهَابٌ; (S;) and ↓ ذهّبهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَذْهِيبٌ; (S;) He gilded it; did it over with gold. (S, Msb, K.) Q. Q. 2 تَمَذْهَبَ, from مَذْهَبٌ, is used by late writers as meaning (assumed tropical:) He followed, or adopted, a certain religious persuasion or the like.]

ذَهْبٌ: see مَذْهَبٌ: A2: and see also the last sentence of the paragraph here following.

ذَهَبٌ [Gold;] a certain thing well known; (S, Msb, &c.;) accord. to several of the leading lexicologists, (TA,) i. q. تِبْرٌ; (A, L, K, &c.;) but it seems to have a more general meaning; for تِبْرٌ is specially applied to such [gold] as is in the mine, or such as is uncoined and unwrought: (TA:) [it is a coll. gen. n.; and therefore] it is masc. and fem.: (S, * Msb, K, * TA:) or it is fem. in the dial. of El-Hijáz: or, accord. to Az, it is masc., and not to be made fem. unless regarded as pl. of ↓ ذَهَبَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) [or rather as a coll. gen. n., for] ذَهَبَةٌ is the n. un., (K,) signifying a piece of ذَهَب [or gold]: (S, A, L, TA:) or, accord. to El-Kurtubee, it is fem., and sometimes masc., but more commonly fem.: ↓ ذُهَيْبَةٌ is the dim. of ذَهَبٌ, the ة being added because the latter word is fem., like as it is in قُوَيْسَةٌ and شُمَيْسَةٌ; or it is the dim. of ذَهَبَةٌ, and signifies a little piece of ذَهَب [or gold]: (TA:) the pl. of ذَهَبٌ is أَذْهَابٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, A, Msb, K) and ذُهُوبٌ (S, K) and ذُهْبَانٌ (Nh, Msb, K) and ذِهْبَانٌ. (Nh, TA.) [مَآءُ الذَّهَبِ means Water-gold; goldpowder mixed with size, for ornamental writing &c.] b2: The yolk, or the entire contents, i. e. yolk and white, (مُحّ, K, TA, with the unpointed ح, TA, [in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K مُخّ,]) of an egg. (K.) A2: Also, (S, K,) in a copy of the T written ↓ ذَهْبٌ, (TA,) A certain measure of capacity, for corn, used by the people of ElYemen, (S, K,) well known: (S:) pl. ذِهَابٌ (K) and أَذْهَابٌ, [the latter a pl. of pauc.,] (S, K,) and pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of the latter of the pls. above]

أَذَاهِبُ, (S, and so in the K accord. to the TA,) mentioned by A' Obeyd, (S,) or أَذَاهِيبُ. (So in the CK.) ذَهِبٌ: see 1, last sentence.

ذِهْبَةٌ A rain: (S:) or a weak rain: or a copious rain: (A'Obeyd, K:) pl. ذِهَابٌ. (A'Obeyd, S, K.) ذَهَبَةٌ: see ذَهَبٌ, first sentence.

ذَهُوبٌ: see ذَاهِبٌ.

ذَهِيبٌ: see مُذْهَبٌ, first sentence.

ذُهَيْبَةٌ: see ذَهَبٌ, first sentence.

ذَاهِبٌ [part. n. of ذَهَبَ;] Going [in any manner, or any pace]; going, or passing, along; marching; journeying; proceeding: going, or passing, away; departing: [&c.:] (A, K:) and ↓ ذَهُوبٌ signifies the same [in an intensive manner]. (K.) b2: [ذَاهِبٌ فِى الطُّولِ means (assumed tropical:) Excessive in length or tallness.]

مَذْهَبٌ is an inf. n.: (JK, A, K:) b2: and also signifies A place of ذَهَاب [or going, &c.]: and a time thereof. (JK.) b3: [Also A place to which one goes: see an ex. voce مَحْضَرٌ. b4: And hence,] (tropical:) A place to which one goes for the purpose of satisfying a want of nature; a privy; (TA;) i. q. مُتَوَضَّأٌ; (JK, A, K, TA;) in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz. (JK, A, TA.) b5: [Also A way by which one goes or goes away. b6: and hence, as in several exs. in the first paragraph of this art.,] (tropical:) A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: (Msb, K, TA:) (tropical:) [a way that one pursues in respect of doctrines and practices in religion &c.; and particularly a way of believing, opining, thinking, or judging;] a belief, a creed, a persuasion, a doctrine, an opinion, a tenet, or a body of tenets or articles of belief; (K, TA;) an opinion in, or respecting, religion; and, accord. to Es-Sarakustee, an innovation in religion: (Msb:) and ↓ ذَهْبٌ signifies the same. (JK, TA.) [The pl. is مَذَاهِبُ.

Hence, ذَوُو مَذَاهِبُ (assumed tropical:) Persuasions, as meaning persons holding particular tenets in religion or the like.] b7: Also (assumed tropical:) Origin: (Ks, Lh, K:) so in the sayings, مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ أَيْنَ مَذْهَبَهُ and لَا يُدْرَى لَهُ مَذْهَبٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) It is not known whence is his origin. (Ks, Lh, TA.) مُذْهَبٌ Gilt, or done over with gold; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ مُذَهَّبٌ (A, K) and ↓ ذَهِيبٌ. (T, K.) b2: Also sing. of مَذَاهِبُ, which signifies Skins gilt, (ISk, JK, TA,) i. e. having gilt tines, or stripes, regularly, or uniformly, succeeding one another: (ISk, TA:) or gilt straps or thongs: (S, TA:) and variegated, or figured, [garments of the kind called] بُرُود: (JK, TA:) [or it is applied as an epithet to such garments; for] you say بُرْدٌ مُذْهَبٌ. (TA.) The pl. above mentioned is also applied [as an epithet] to swords [app. meaning Adorned with gilding]. (TA.) b3: Applied to a horse, Of a red colour tinged over with yellow; (TA;) and so كُمَيْتٌ مُذْهَبٌ [i. e. of a gilded bay colour]: (S, TA:) fem. with ة: the mare thus termed is of a clearer colour and thinner skin. (TA.) A2: المُذْهَبُ is also a name of The Kaabeh. (K, TA.) A3: See also the next paragraph, in three places.

مُذْهِبٌ A gilder. (S.) b2: ↓ المُذْهَبُ, explained by Lth as the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain devil, said to be of the offspring of Iblees, who tempts reciters of the Kur-án in the performance of [the ablution termed] الوُضُوْء, (K, * TA,) and on other occasions, (TA,) is [said to be] correctly [المُذْهِبُ,] with kesr to the ه: (K:) applied to the devil, (TA in art. شيط,) as meaning (assumed tropical:) he who embellishes, or renders goodly in appearance, acts of disobedience [to God], as also المُهَذِّبُ, (Fr, TA in art. هذب,) IDrd thinks that it is not [genuine] Arabic. (TA.) And accord. to the S and El-Kurtubee and many others, ↓ بِهِ مُذْهَبٌ means (assumed tropical:) [In him is] a vain suggestion [of the devil] respecting the water, and [respecting] the using much thereof in the وُضُوْء: [i. e. a vain suggestion that may induce him to think that the water is unfit, or deficient in quantity, or the like:] but accord. to the K, it is correctly المُذْهِبُ. (TA.) Az says that the people of Baghdád apply the appellation مُذْهِبٌ to (assumed tropical:) A man who inspires vain suggestions; and that the vulgar among them pronounce it ↓ مُذْهَبٌ. (TA.) مَذْهَبَةٌ [A cause, or means, of doing away with, removing, dispelling, or banishing]. Fasting is said, in a trad., to be مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْأَشَرِ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) A cause, or means, of dispelling exultation, or excessive exultation, and resting the mind upon things agreeable with natural desire]. (T and S voce مَحْسَمَةٌ, q. v.) مُذَهَّبٌ: see مُذْهَبٌ.

خرز

1 خَرَزَ, aor. ـِ and خَرُزَ, inf. n. خَرْزٌ, He sewed (Msb, K, TA) a skin, or hide, (Msb, TA,) or a boot, &c. (S, A, K.) You say, كَلَامُ فُلَانٍ

كَخَرْزِ الإِمَآءِ [The language of such a one is like the female slaves' sewing of skins]; i. e., [its ornaments, lit.] its pearls, and its cowries, are far apart. (A, TA.) خَرَزٌ [a coll. gen. n.,] a word of well-known meaning, (Msb,) [i.e., Beads;] what are strung: (S:) a thing that is hung [or rather things that are hung] upon the neck, made of coloured stone, red and green: (Har p. 431:) or gems, or similar stones, both good and bad: (JK:) [also factitious gems, and the like: (see فُسَيْفِسَآءُ as explained in the K &c:)] n. un. خَرَزَةٌ: (S, Msb:) the latter signifying [a single bead;] what is strung: (K:) and also, (i.e. the latter,) a gem, or precious stone, (K, TA,) such [for instance] as is set in a ring, whether good or bad: (TA:) pl. of the latter, خَرَزَاتٌ. (TA.) Hence, خَرَزَاتُ المَلِكِ, (S, K,) and المُلْكِ, (S, A,) The gems of the king's crown: when the king had reigned a year, a خَرَزَة was added to his crown, in order that the number of the years of his reign might be known: (S, K:) such is said to have been the case. (S.) You say, أُوتِىَ خَرَزَاتِ المُلْكِ سِتِّينَ حِجَّةً (tropical:) [meaning He reigned sixty years: lit., he received the gems of the crown sixty years]. (A.) b2: خَرَزَةُ العَيْنِ signifies The حَدَقَة [or lens] of the eye. (TA in art. حدق) b3: And خَرَزٌ is also applied to The small shells called وَدَع. (S* and K* and TA in art. ودع.) b4: It also signifies (tropical:) The vertebræ of the back, (S, A, TA,) and of the neck: each one is called خَرَزَةٌ: which latter is also explained as meaning (tropical:) what is between two vertebræ. (TA.) خَرْزَةٌ, with fet-h, A single puncture [or stitchhole, made in sewing a skin or a boot; and so خُرْزَةٌ]; syn. غَرْزَةٌ. (TA.) خُرْزَةٌ i. q. كُتْبَةٌ; (S, K;) A seam, or suture, in a skin, or hide, (KL, PS, TK, *) or in a boot, &c.; (PS;) [app. made by sewing together two edges so that one laps over the other: and app. also a single stitch in such a seam;] what is between two punctures; i. e., every puncture with its thread: (TA:) also, a puncture, or stitch-hole, in a skin [&c.]: (TA voce وَذَابٌ: [its pl. being there said to be syn. with خُرَبٌ, pl. of خُرْبَةٌ: and this last meaning, (for evidences of the correctness of which see أَتْمٌ and أَتُومٌ and خُصْفَةٌ &c.,) common to it and to خَرْزَةٌ, it perhaps bears in exs. here following:]) and any round perforation: (JM:) pl. خُرَزٌ (S, K) [and app. خُرُوزٌ, which see below].

اِجْمَعْ سَيْرَيْنِ فِى خُرْزَةٍ [lit, Conjoin thou two thongs in a single seam, or stick, or puncture,] is a prov., meaning (tropical:) accomplish thou two wants at once. (TA.) And you say to him who seeks to attain two wants together, سَيْرَيْنِ فِى خُرْزَةٍ [lit., Wilt thou conjoin two thongs in a single seam, or stitch, or puncture? the first word being in the accus. case because أَتَجْمَعُ is understood]. (A, TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The foramen podicis: and (assumed tropical:) the foramen vaginæ. (TA voce خُرْبَةٌ.) خَرَزَةٌ; pl. خَرَزَاتٌ: n. un. of خَرَزٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, TA.) خُرُوزُ السَّفِينَةِ [The seams of the ship: خُرُوزٌ being app. a pl. of خُرْزَةٌ, like as خُرُوبٌ is a pl. of خُرْبَةٌ]. (K voce جَمَّةٌ q. v.) خِرَازَةٌ The art, or occupation, of sewing [skins, or hides, or] boots, &c. (A, K.) خَرَّازٌ A sewer of [skins, or hides, or] boots, &c. (S, A.) مِخْرَزٌ [and vulg. ↓ مِخْرَازٌ] The instrument [i. e. the needle, or awl,] with which one sews [skins, or hides, or] boots, &c. (S, K.) مُخَرَّزٌ Any bird, (A, K,) as a pigeon &c., (TA,) having upon its wings marks resembling خَرَز [or beads]. (A, K, TA.) مِخْرَازٌ: see مِخْرَزٌ.

خدش

1 خَدَشَهُ, (Az, S, A, &c.,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. خَدْشٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He scratched him, or it, (namely, the face, Az, S, Mgh,) with the nails, so as to cause bleeding or not; (Az, S, * Mgh, TA;) i. q. خَمَشَهُ: (Az, A, K, TA:) he wounded him in the outer skin, so as to make it bleed or not: (Msb:) he lacerated it, namely, the skin, (A, K,) little or much: or tore off its surface with a stick or the like. (K.) You say, خَدَشَتْ وَجْهَهَا عِنْدَ المُصِيبَةِ She scratched her face with her nails in the upper parts of what appeared thereof, so as to make it bleed or not, on the occasion of affliction. (Az. TA.) 2 خدّشهُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَخْدِيشٌ, (A, TA,) [meaning He scratched him, or it, (namely, the face,) with the nails, vehemently, or much,] is with teshdeed to denote intensiveness, or muchness. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] وَقَعَ فِى الأَرْضِ تَخْدِيشٌ (tropical:) A little rain [such as scratched the ground in many places] fell upon the land. (A, TA.) 3 خَادَشْتُ الرَّجُلَ, inf. n. مُخَادَشَةٌ and خِدَاشٌ, I scratched the man's face with my nails, he scratching my face in like manner. (TA.) خَدْشٌ, an inf. n. used as a subst., (Mgh, Msb,) The mark made by scratching with the nails, (Mgh, Msb, * K, *) whether it cause bleeding or not: (Mgh:) pl. خُدُوشٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is syn. with كُدُوحٌ. (S, TA.) بِقَلْبِهِ خَدْشَةٌ (tropical:) In his heart is somewhat of hurt. (A, TA.)