خلط

1 خَلَطَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. خَلْطٌ, (S, Msb,) He mixed it; mingled it; incorporated, or blended, it; (Msb, K;) or put it together; (Msb;) بِغَيْرِهِ with another thing; (S, Msb;) inseparably, as in the case of fluids; and separably, as in the case of animals, (Msb, TA,) and grains; (TA;) as also ↓ خلّطهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَخْلِيطٌ: (TA:) [or the latter relates to many, or several, objects; or signifies he mixed it much:] El-Marzookee says that the primary signification of خَلْطٌ is the intermingling of the particles of a thing, one with another. (Msb, TA.) [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He confused, confounded, or disordered, it.]

b2: خَلَطَ القَوْمَ; and خَلِطَ: see 3, near the end of the paragraph.2 خَلَّطَ see 1. b2: [Its inf. n. is pluralized: you say,] جَمَعَ مَالَهُ مِنْ تَخَالِيطَ [He collected together his property, or camels, &c., from states of confusion]. (TA.) b3: التَّخْلِيطُ فِى الأَمْرِ signifies The creating confusion, or disorder, (الإِفْسَادُ,) in the affair, or case. (S.) And you say, هُوَ فِى تَخْلِيطٍ فِى أَمْرِهِ [and مِنْ امره, He is in a state of confusion, or disorder, in, or with respect to, his affair, or case]. (TA.) [And خلّط عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرِ He rendered the affair, or state, or case, confused, or disordered, or perplexed, to him. And خلّط بَيْنَ القَوْمِ He created confusion, or disorder, or disturbance, among the people, or company of men.]3 خالطهُ, inf. n. مُخَالَطَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and خِلَاطٌ, (S, K,) It mixed, mingled, commingled, intermixed, or intermingled, with it; it became incorporated, or blended, with it; syn. مَازَجَهُ; (Mgh, K;) and خَامَرَهُ; (S, A, K, all in art. خمر;) [as, for instance,] water with milk. (A in art. خمر, and Mgh in the present art.) خِلَاطٌ in relation to camels, and men, and beasts, also signifies Their being mixed together. (K.) A poet says, يَخْرُجْنَ مِنْ بُعْكُوكَةِ الخِلَاطِ [They come forth from the crowding and dust (of the beasts) occasioned by the being mixed together]. (Th, TA.) And it is said in a trad., لَا خِلَاطَ وَلَا وِرَاطَ (S, Mgh,) There shall be no putting together what is separate, nor separating what is put together, from fear of the poor-rate: (S:) for the Prophet made it incumbent on a person having possessed forty sheep or goats a whole year to give one sheep or goat; and so on one having possessed more thereof to the number of a hundred and twenty, to give one sheep or goat; but if they exceeded a hundred and twenty by one, two sheep or goats were to be given of them: (Az, TA:) i. e. there shall be no putting together what is separate; as, for instance, when three persons possess a hundred and twenty sheep or goats, every one of them having forty, they not having been partners for a whole year, and it being incumbent on every one of them to give a sheep or goat; and when the collector of the poorrate comes to them, they put them together, assigning them to one pastor, in order that they may not be obliged to give for them more than one sheep or goat: (K, * TA:) accord. to IAth, this is termed إِخْلَاطٌ [app. a mistake for خِلَاطٌ]: nor shall there be any separating of what is put together; i. e., when there are two partners, each of them having a hundred and one sheep or goats, for which together they are bound to give three sheep or goats; and when the collector of the poorrate comes to them, they separate their sheep or goats, so that each of them shall not have to give more than one sheep or goat: [see also art. ورط:] (TA:) or خلاط signifies a man's mixing his sheep or goats when they are eighty in number with those of another which are forty in number, both together being bound to give two sheep or goats while they are separate, in order that one [only] may be taken: and وراط, a man's giving to another the half of his sheep or goats when they are forty in number, in order that the collector of the poor-rate may not take anything: (Mgh:) or خلاط is, when there are, between two partners, a hundred and twenty sheep or goats, one of them having eighty and the other forty, and the collector of the poor-rate has taken two of these sheep or goats, the former partner's restoring to the latter the third of a sheep or goat; so that the former has had to give a sheep or goat and a third; and the latter, two thirds of one: and if the collector have taken, from the hundred and twenty, one sheep or goat, the former partner's restoring to the latter one third [in some copies of the K, erroneously, two thirds] of a sheep or goat; so that the former has had to give two thirds of a sheep or goat; and the latter, one third of one: (ISd, K, * TA:) and وراط is deceiving, and acting dishonestly: (ISd, L, TA:) in the place of وراط, we find, accord. to one relation, شِنَاق, followed by فِى الصَّدَقَةِ. (TA.) b2: El-'Ajjáj contended with Homeyd El-Arkat in two poems of the metre termed رَجَز ending with ط, and Homeyd said, الخِلَاطَ يَا أَبَا الشَّعْثَآءِ, i. e. [Beware thou of mixing; or] do not thou mix my أُرْجُوزَة with thine [O father of her with the shaggy hair]; to which El-'Ajjáj replied, الفِجَاجُ

أَوْسَعُ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِى [The roads are wider than to require my doing that, O son of my brother]. (AO, S.) b3: خالط الذِّئْبُ الغَنَمَ [lit. signifying The wolf mixed with the sheep, or goats,] means (tropical:) the wolf fell upon the sheep, or goats: (K, TA:) the inf. n. is خِلَاطٌ. (TA.) b4: خالطها, (Az, Msb, K,) inf. n. خِلَاطٌ and مُخَالَطَةٌ, (Az, Msb,) (tropical:) He had carnal intercourse with her; (Az, Mgh, * Msb, K;) i. e., a man with his wife, (Az, Msb,) or with a woman: (K:) the lawyers say, خالطها مُخَالَطَةَ الاِزْدِوَاجِ: (Msb:) Th explains the inf. n. خِلَاطٌ by رَفَثٌ, q. v. (TA.) Also, in like manner, with the same inf. ns., (tropical:) a stallion-camel with the female. (Lth, K, TA.) [See also 4.] IAar explains خِلَاطٌ in relation to camels as signifying (assumed tropical:) A man's coming to the nightly resting-place of another's camels, and taking thence a male camel, and making him to cover his she-camel without his owner's knowledge. (TA.) b5: خالطهُ السَّهْمُ (assumed tropical:) [The arrow penetrated into him]. (TA.) b6: خالطهُ الشَّيْبُ [Hoariness, or whiteness, became intermixed in his hair]. (S and K in art. وخط; &c.) b7: خالطهُ الدَّآءُ (tropical:) The disease infected, or pervaded, him; [as though commingling with him;] syn. خَامَرَهُ: (Sh, K:) or infected, or pervaded, his inside. (Lth, S.) b8: خَالَطَ قَلْبَهُ هَمٌّ عَظِيمٌ (tropical:) [Great anxiety, or disquietude of mind, infected, or pervaded, his heart]. (TA.) It is said in a trad., وَرَجَعَ الشَّيْطَانُ يَلْتَمِسُ الخِلَاطَ (tropical:) And the devil returned seeking to infect (يُخَالِط) the heart of the man praying by suggesting what was vain. (TA.) b9: الخَمْرُ تُخَالِطُ العَقْلَ (tropical:) [Wine infects the intellect]. (S and K in art. خمر.) And خُولِطَ فِى عَقْلِهِ, inf. n. خِلَاطٌ, (tropical:) [He became infected, corrupted, disordered, or confused, in his intellect.] (S, K.) And خُولِطَ عَقْلُهُ, and عَقْلُهُ ↓ اِخْتَلَطَ, (tropical:) His intellect became corrupted, or disordered; (TA; [in which only the latter phrase is thus explained, though both are mentioned;]) and so ↓ اِخْتَلَطَ alone: (S, K:) and نَفْسُهُ ↓ اِخْتَلَطَتْ (assumed tropical:) [His soul, or stomach, became disordered]: (S and K in art. خثر:) and ↓ أَخْلَطَ, said of a man, signifies the same as اختلط. (TA.) b10: خالط القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) He mixed with the people, or company of men, in familiar, or social, inter-course; conversed with them; or became intimate with them; or mixed with them in, or entered with them into, their affairs; syn. دَاخَلَهُمْ; as also ↓ خَلَطَهُمْ, inf. n. خَلْطٌ; (TA;) and ↓ خَلِطَ, like فَرِحَ, is used in a similar manner, in the sense of خَالَطَ: (IAar, TA:) and you say also ↓ اختلط بِالنَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) [he mixed, or associated, or conversed, with men]. (TA.) And خَالَطْتُ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) I mixed with such a one in familiar, or social, intercourse; conversed with him; or became intimate with him; syn. خَامَرْتُهُ, (A in art. خمر,) and عَاشَرْتُهُ. (S, Msb, K, all in art. عشر.) And خالطهُ فِى أَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [He mixed, or joined, with him in an affair]. (Mgh.) And hence خالطهُ signifies (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, copartner with him; he shared with him. (Mgh.) خَالَطَهُمْ also signifies خَالَفَهُمْ [evidently a mistranscription, for حَالَفَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) He entered into a confederacy, league, compact, or covenant, with them]. (TA.) And you say also خالط الأُمُورَ (assumed tropical:) [He mixed in, engaged in, or entered into, affairs]. (S, K.) 4 اخلطهُ, (Az, S, K,) and اخلط لَهُ, (IAar, K,) He put, (S,) or inserted, (Az,) or directed (K, TA) and inserted, (TA,) his (a camel's) قَضِيب into the حَيَآء, (Az, S, K,) he having missed it; (Az, K;) as also أَلْطَفَهُ: (Az:) IF makes إِخْلَاطٌ and ↓ اِسْتِخْلَاطٌ to be the same. (TA.) A2: اخلط [intrans.] (tropical:) He (a stallion) covered the female. (K.) [This seems to be taken from IF, who, as shown above, makes it syn. with استخلط.

See also 3.] b2: As syn. with اختلط, see 3, near the end of the paragraph.

A3: Said of a horse, He fell short, or flagged, in his running; as also ↓ اختلط. (IDrd, K.) 6 تخالطوا فِى الحَرْبِ (tropical:) They commingled; or became mixed, or confounded, together, in war, or battle; as also فى الحرب ↓ اختلطوا. (TA.) b2: تخالطوا also signifies (assumed tropical:) They commingled, or mixed together, in familiar, or social, intercourse; [conversed together; or became intimate, one with another; or they mixed, one in another's affairs; see 3, near the end;] syn. تعاشروا. (S, Msb, K, all in art. عشر.) 8 اختلط It was, or became, mixed, mingled, commingled, incorporated or blended together, (S, * Msb, K,) or put together. (Msb.) [and hence, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, confused, confounded, indiscriminate, promiscuous, without order, disordered, or perplexed.] b2: اختلط اللَّيْلُ بِالتُّرَابِ (assumed tropical:) [The night became confused, or confounded, with the dust, or earth]: (Az, K:) and الحَابِلُ بِالنَّابِلِ (K) (assumed tropical:) the setter of the snare with the shooter of arrows; or the warp with the woof: (TA:) and المَرْعَى بِالهَمَلِ (assumed tropical:) [the place of pasturage with the camels left to pasture by themselves]: (Az, K:) and الخَاثِرُ بِالزُّبَادِ (as in some copies of the K and in the TA) (assumed tropical:) the thick milk with the butter that had become bad, or spoiled, in the churning; or, as some say, with the thin milk; (TA;) or بِالزَّبَّادِ (as in other copies of the K and in the TA) with the herb [so called], which, when it falls into the رَائِب [or milk that is thick, and fit for churning, &c.], is with difficulty separated from it: (TA:) [but see art. زبد:] proverbs, alluding to the dubiousness and confusedness of an affair or a case: (K:) or the first, to the dubiousness of an affair or case; and the second, to its confusedness; and the third is applied when a people's affair or case is confused or perplexed to them; and the last relates to the confusedness of truth with falsity; and to a people whose affair or case is dubious to them, so that they do not decide upon anything. (TA.) b3: [اختلط الظَّلَامُ (assumed tropical:) The darkness, or the beginning of night, became confused, is a phrase of frequent occurrence. And so اِخْتِلَاطُ الظَّلَامِ (assumed tropical:) The confusedness of the darkness, &c.] b4: اختلط عَلَيْهِمْ

أَمْرُهُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Their affair, or case, became confused, or perplexed, to them]. (S.) b5: See also 3, in four places, near the end of the paragraph: and see 6. b6: Said of a camel, (tropical:) He became fat; (ISh, K;) his fat and flesh becoming mixed together. (ISh.) b7: Said of a horse: see 4, last sentence.10 استخلط He (a camel) inserted, (Az,) or directed (K, TA) and inserted, (TA,) his قَضِيب into the حَيَآء, by himself: (Az, K, TA:) or he leaped the female; syn. قَعَا. (S.) See also 4.

خَلْطٌ: see the next paragraph.

خِلْطٌ Anything that mixes, mingles, commingles, or becomes incorporated or blended, with a thing; an admixture; (K, TA;) any kind of mixture; as a medicinal mixture; and the like: pl. أَخْلَاطٌ. (TA.) b2: A kind of [mixed] perfume, (S, * Msb,) well known: (Msb:) pl. as above. (S, Msb.) b3: [Sing. of اخلاط in the term] أَخْلَاطُ الإِنْسَانِ The four humours of man, (K, TA,) which are the constituents of his composition; (TA;) namely, المِرَّتَانِ [the black bile and the yellow bile] and البَلْغَمُ [the phlegm] and الدَّمُ [the blood]. (TA in art. مزج.) b4: Mixed dates of various sorts: pl. as above. (K.) b5: (tropical:) A man who mixes with others, and manifests love to them; (TA;) and خِلْطَةٌ a woman who does so: (K, * TA:) and the former, (IAar, TA,) or ↓ خَلْطٌ, (K,) or this signifies [simply] مُخَالِطٌ, [see 3,] and is an inf. n. used in that sense, (TA,) and ↓ خَلِطٌ, (Lth, K,) and ↓ خُلُطٌ, (K,) which is mentioned by Sb and explained by Seer, (TA,) (tropical:) a man who mixes with others, (K, TA,) and manifests love to them, (TA,) and behaves in a blandishing manner to them, and one who casts his women and goods among men; (K, TA;) and ↓ خَلِطَةٌ in like manner, applied to a female. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) A man of mixed race: or a bastard. (As.) You say رَجُلٌ خِلْطٌ مِلْطٌ (assumed tropical:) A man of mixed race: (K, * TA:) or of faulty race: (O, TA:) or مِلْط ٌ signifies one whose race and father are unknown. (As, TA.) And أَخْلَاطٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) A medley, or mixed or promiscuous multitude or collection, of men, or people; or of the lowest or basest or meanest sort, or refuse, or riffraff, thereof; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ خَلِيطٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) and ↓ خُلَّيْطَى, (K,) and ↓ خُلَيْطَى: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) to these (لَهُنَّ [in the CK لَهُم]) there is no sing.: (K, TA:) but خَلِيطٌ is also a sing., and has pls., as will be seen below. (TA.) b7: (tropical:) Stupid; foolish; having little sense; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ خَلِطٌ: (IAar, Sgh, K:) pl. of the former أَخْلَاطٌ; (IAar, TA;) with which ↓ خُلُطٌ is syn. (TA.) b8: A crooked bow, and arrow; (K;) an arrow of which the wood has grown crookedly, and which ceases not to be crooked even if it have been straightened; (S;) as also ↓ خِلِطٌ, applied to either of these. (K.) And in like manner, (assumed tropical:) a man; he being likened to such an arrow: and (assumed tropical:) a people, or company of men. (TA.) خَلِطٌ; fem. with ة: see خِلْطٌ, in three places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Good in disposition; good-natured. (TA.) خُلُطٌ: see خِلْطٌ, in two places: b2: [and see خَلِيطٌ, of which it is a pl.]

خِلِطٌ: see خِلْطٌ, last sentence but one.

خُلْطَةٌ [A state of mixing, or mingling, together;] a subst. from اختلط. (Msb.) b2: [and hence,] (assumed tropical:) Copartnership. (S, Mgh, TA.) Yousay بَيْنَهُمَا خُلْطَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Between them two is a copartnership. (Mgh.) [See also what next follows.]

خِلْطَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Social, or familiar, intercourse. (S, Msb, TA.) [See also what next precedes.]

خَلِيطٌ [Mixed; mingled; incorporated, or blended: of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; like قَتِيلٌ &c. And hence,] (K,) or عَلَفٌ خَلِيطٌ, (S, TA,) [The kind of trefoil called] قَتّ and cut straw (S, TA) mixed together: (TA:) or clay mixed with cut straw: (K, TA:) or with قَتّ. (K.) Also, (K,) or لَبَنٌ خَلِيطٌ, (TA,) Sweet milk mixed with sour or such as bites the tongue. (K, TA.) Also, (K,) or سَمْنٌ خَلِيطٌ, (TA,) Clarified butter in which are fat and flesh-meat. (K, TA.) [Hence also,] it is said in a trad. respecting [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, (TA,) نُهِىَ عَنِ الخَلِيطَيْنِ (S, K) فِى الأَنْبِذَةِ (S) or أَنْ يُنْبَذَا (K) [Two sorts of things mixed together are forbidden in the beverages of the kind called نبيذ, or that نبيذ should be made of them]; i. e. it is forbidden to mix together [for making نبيذ] two sorts of things; (S, TA;) meaning dried dates and raisins; (S, Mgh, K;) or fresh grapes and fresh ripe dates; (S;) or dried dates and full-grown unripe dates, (T, Mgh, K,) thoroughly cooked by fire; (Mgh;) or fresh grapes and raisins; (T, K;) and the like; because such نبيذ quickly alters, and becomes intoxicating: (K:) and some hold that نبيذ so made is forbidden even if it do not intoxicate. (TA.) b2: See also أَخْلَاطٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, voce خِلْطٌ. b3: (assumed tropical:) One who mixes much with men: (Msb, TA:) [see also مِخْلَاطٌ:] (assumed tropical:) one who mixes with others in familiar, or social, intercourse; or becomes intimate with them; or mixes with them in, or enters with them into, their affairs; syn. with ↓ مُخَالِطٌ; (S, K;) like as نَدِيمٌ is syn. with مُنَادِمٌ, and جَلِيسٌ with مُجَالِسٌ: (S:) pl. خُلَطَآءُ (S, Msb, K) and خُلُطٌ: (S, K:) it sometimes has these pls., but is itself both sing. and pl.: (S, TA:) and as a pl. signifies (assumed tropical:) a people, or company of men, whose affair, or case, or state, is one: (K, TA:) it occurs frequently in the poems of the Arabs because they used to assemble in the days of the fresh herbage, sundry tribes of them congregating in one place, and familiar intercourse took place between them, and when they separated and returned to their homes, it grieved them: (S, TA:) or, accord. to some, it relates only to partnership: (TA:) it signifies (assumed tropical:) a partner, copartner, or sharer; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) as, for instance, in merchandise, and sheep or goats: (Mgh:) or (assumed tropical:) one who has mixed his property with that of his copartner: (Bd in xxxviii. 23:) or (assumed tropical:) one who shares in merchandise, or in a debt, or in commerce, or in neighbourship: (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a sharer in the rights of possession, or property; such as water, and a road: (K:) the pl. is خُلَطَآءُ; (Mgh, TA;) occurring in the Kur xxxviii. 23: (TA:) and the sing. also signifies (assumed tropical:) a neighbour; syn. جَارٌ [which has also other significations here assigned to خَلِيطٌ]; (TA;) and مُجَاوِرٌ: (Msb:) and (assumed tropical:) a husband: and (assumed tropical:) the son of a paternal uncle: (K:) and [the pl.] خُلُطٌ is also explained by IAar as (assumed tropical:) i. q. مَوَالٍ [pl. of مَوْلًى, which has several of the significations here assigned to خَلِيطٌ]: and as signifying also (assumed tropical:) neighbours of sincere friendly conduct. (TA.) It is said in a trad. (K, TA) respecting [the right termed] الشُّفْعَة, (TA,) الشَّرِيكُ أَوْلَى مِنَ الخَلِيطُ أَوْلَى مِنَ الجَارِ (assumed tropical:) The sharer in what is not divided is more deserving than the sharer in the rights of possession, or property; [and the sharer in the rights of possession, or property, is more deserving than the neighbour:] (K, TA:) [or the trad. is as follows:] الخَلِيطُ مِنَ الشَّرِيكِ وَالشَّرِيكُ أَحَقُّ مِنَ الجَارِ أَحَقُّ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ (assumed tropical:) the sharer in the thing itself that is sold has more right than the sharer in the rights thereof; and the sharer in the rights thereof has more right than the adjoining neighbour; and the adjoining neighbour has more right than another: or the meaning here is, he between whom and thyself are acts of receiving and giving, and affairs of debt and credit; not the sharer, or partner. (Mgh.) and in another trad., مَا كَانَ مِنْ خَلِيطَيْنِ فَإإِنَّهُمَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) Whatever two copartners there be that have not divided the beasts [belonging to them], they shall make claim for restitution, one of the other, with equality; i. e., if they be copartners in camels for which it is incumbent to give sheep or goats, and the camels be found in the possession of one of them, and the poor-rate for them be taken from him, he shall make a claim for restitution [of what he has given above his own share] upon his copartner, with equality: (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K, TA:) the two persons are not خَلِيطَانِ unless they be such as drive back their beasts to the nightly resting-place, and drive them forth in the morning to the pasturage, and water them, together, and have their stallions mixed together, and have been copartners for a year; and if so, they give the poor-rate as one: otherwise, they are not خليطان; and they give the poor-rate as two: (Esh-Sháfi'ee, TA:) the trad. applies, for instance, to the case of two copartners who have mixed their property together; one of them having forty bulls or cows or of both kinds; and the other, thirty; and the collector of the poor-rates takes from the forty a مُسِنَّة [q. v.], and from the thirty a تَبِيع [q. v.]; then the giver of the مسنّة makes a claim for restitution of three sevenths thereof upon his copartner; and the giver of the تبيع, of four sevenths thereof upon his copartner; for it is incumbent to give the beasts of these two ages [the مسنّة and the تبيع] when the property is not divided, as though it were the property of one: and the saying بالسّوية shows that if the collector of the poor-rate wrong one of them, and take from him more than the law imposes upon him, he cannot make a claim for restitution thereof upon his copartner, who is only responsible to him for the value of what falls upon him in particular, of what is incumbent by the law: and the making claim for [just] restitution, by one upon the other, shows that the partnership holds good notwithstanding the distinction of the things which compose the possessions, with such as hold this to be the case. (IAth, TA.) خَلَاطَةٌ (tropical:) Stupidity; foolishness; paucity of sense. (IAar, K.) خَلِيطَةٌ Camel's milk milked upon that of sheep or goats: or sheep's milk upon that of goats: and the reverse. (K.) خُلَيْطَى: see خِلْطٌ: b2: and see what next follows, in two places.

خُلَّيْطَى: see خِلْطٌ. b2: وَقَعُوا فِى خُلَّيْطَى, (S, K,) and ↓ خُلَيْطَى, (K,) (assumed tropical:) They fell into a state of confusion: (K:) their affair, or case, became confused, or perplexed, (اِخْتَلَطَ,) to them. (S.) And ↓ كُنَّا خُلَيْطَى (assumed tropical:) [We were in a state of confusion]: cited by Az, from an Arab of the desert. (TA.) [↓ خُلَّيْطَآءُ, which probably signifies the same, is mentioned in the TA, voce لُغَزٌ, on the authority of Sb.]

خِلِّيطَى The creating confusion, or disorder, (إِفْسَادٌ,) in an affair, or a case. (TA.) [See also 2.]

b2: مَالُهُمْ خِلِّيطَىٌّ [in the CK مالَهُمْ] Their possessions, or camels &c., are mixed together. (K, * TA.) خُلَّيْطَآءُ: see خُلَّيْطَى.

أَخْلَطُ مِنَ الحُمَّى (tropical:) [More insinuating than fever]; a saying of the Arabs; meaning that it manifests an affection for a person by its access to him, like the lover and blandisher. (TA.) مِخْلَطٌ (assumed tropical:) One who renders things confused, or dubious, to the hearers and beholders. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) One who mixes in, or enters into, (يُخَالِطُ,) affairs, (S, K, TA,) and relinquishes them; (TA; [but this addition seems rather to apply to مِزْيَلٌ in what follows;]) as also ↓ مِخْلَاطٌ: (K:) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) one who mixes much with men. (Sgh, TA.) [See also خَلِيطٌ.] You say, هُوَ مِخْلَطٌ مِزْيَلٌ (assumed tropical:) [He is one who mixes in, or enters into, affairs; (and, accord. to an explanation of مِزْيَلٌ in the TA, in art. زيل, on the authority of IAth,) one who is vehement in altercation, or litigation, relinquishing one plea, or argument, and taking to another]; like as you say, هُوَ رَاتِقٌ فَاتِقٌ. (S, K.) مِخْلَاطٌ: see مِخْلَطٌ.

مُخَالَطٌ (tropical:) Infected, corrupted, disordered, or confused, in his intellect; as also ↓ مُخْتَلِطٌ: (TA:) or mad; insane; or affected by diabolical possession. (TA in art. لبس.) مُخَالِطٌ: see خَلِيطٌ.

مُخْتَلِطٌ: see مُخَالَطٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) A camel that has become fat, so that the fat is mixed with the flesh: fem. with ة, applied to a she-camel. (ISh, K.)

خجل

1 خَجِلَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. خَجَلٌ, (S, Msb, &c.,) but not خَجَالَةٌ, [though authorized by the KL, in my copy of which I find it thus written (not خِجَالَةٌ as written by Golius),] for this is a vulgar mistake for خَجَلَةٌ or خَجْلٌ, (Mgh, [so in my copy, but correctly ↓ خَجَلَةٌ (which may be either a simple subst. or an inf. n. of un.) or خَجَلٌ,]) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame: (S, O:) or he was, or became, ashamed, and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, (T, M, K,) [or, simply, ashamed, (see خَجِلٌ,)] in consequence of a deed that he had done: (T, M, TA:) thus الخَجَلُ has a more particular signification than الحَيَآءُ: (TA:) or it is like الاِسْتِحْيَآءُ. (Msb.) b2: And He remained silent, (T, K,) or still, (M,) not speaking nor moving. (K.) b3: and He was, or became, in a confused and dubious case, (JK, M, * K, *) so that he knew not how to extricate himself from it. (M, K.) b4: Also, said of a camel, (tropical:) He went in mud, and became like him who is confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (JK, * M, K, TA:) or he stuck fast in mire. (T, TA.) b5: And in like manner, (assumed tropical:) He became agitated, or convulsed, or he struggled, or floundered, with his load: (JK:) or خَجِلَ بِالْحِمْلِ he was oppressed by the load, (K, TA,) so that he was agitated, or convulsed, or he struggled, or floundered, beneath it. (TA.) b6: And, said of a plant, or of herbage, (tropical:) It was, or became, tall, and tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense; (ISd, K, TA;) and so ↓ اخجل said of the kind of trees termed حَيْض. (JK, K.) b7: [And, as inf. n. of خَجِلَ,] خَجَلٌ also signifies The bearing richness ill; as when, being rich, one exults, or exults greatly or excessively, and behaves insolently and unthankfully: (S, * K:) or the taking a wide, or an ample, range, or being profuse, when rich. (TA.) It is related in a trad. that he [Mohammad] said to the women, إِذَا جُعْتُنَّ وَ إِذَا شَبِعْتُنَّ خَجِلْتُنَّ, (S, * TA,) i. e. When ye are hungry, ye become lowly, humble, or submissive, and cleave to the dust, or earth; (S and TA in art. دقع;) or ye bear poverty ill: (TA in the present art.;) and when ye are satiated, [ye bear richness ill; or] ye exult, or exult greatly or excessively, and behave insolently and unthankfully. (S in the present art.) [See also a verse of El-Kumeyt cited in the first paragraph of art. دقع.] b8: And i. q. بَرَمٌ [The being affected with disgust, loathing, or aversion; the being vexed, grieved, disquieted by grief, &c.] (K, TA. [In the CK, البَرْمُ is erroneously put for البَرَمُ.]) b9: And The being remiss in seeking subsistence. (K.) b10: And The being lazy, or indolent: (Az, ISd, K:) from the verb in the sense explained in the second sentence of this paragraph. (TA.) b11: And i. q. [The being bad, corrupt, &c.]. (M, K.) b12: Also, in a shirt, (assumed tropical:) The being much slit, or rent, in the lower parts, or skirts. (Fr, K.) 2 خَجَّلَ see what next follows.4 اخجلهُ (S, Msb, K) i. q. ↓ خجّلهُ, (Msb, * K, TA,) inf. n. تَخْجِيلٌ; (TA;) He, (S,) or it, namely, an affair, or event, (TA,) caused him to become confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame: (S in explanation of the former:) [or caused him to become ashamed, and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, in consequence of a deed that he had done: (see 1:)] or he said to him خَجِلْتَ. (Msb. [But it is not clear whether this meaning be there assigned to both of these verbs, or only to the latter of them.]) A2: See also 1.

خَجِلٌ part. n. of خَجِلَ; (Msb;) [Confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame: or ashamed, and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, in consequence of a deed that he has done: or, simply,] ashamed. (S, Msb. *) b2: [Other meanings are shown by explanations of the verb.]

b3: Applied to herbage, (tropical:) Tall, (K, TA,) and tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, and goodly, and ISd adds, full-grown: and ↓ مُخْجِلٌ [in like manner], applied to the kind of trees termed حَمْض, dense, or tangled, and tall: or, applied to herbage, or pasturage, wide, abundant, full-grown, that detains one so that he stays among it, not passing beyond. (TA.) b4: And, applied to a place, and a valley, (assumed tropical:) Abounding with tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, herbage: (S:) or, applied to a valley, (JK, K,) as also ↓ مُخْجِلٌ, (K,) (tropical:) exceedingly abundant in herbage: (K, TA:) or tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, therewith; (JK, K, TA;) resounding with the humming of flies. (JK.) b5: Also, applied to a garment, (assumed tropical:) Wide and long: (ISh, K:) or ample: or such that the wearer is impeded and clogged therein: (TA:) and, so applied, (assumed tropical:) old, and worn out: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) much slit, or rent, in the lower parts, or skirts. (Fr, TA.) b6: And, applied to a جُلّ [or horse-cloth, or covering for a beast], (ISh, K,) [or] such as is put upon a camel, (ISh,) That moves to and fro, or from side to side, (ISh, K,) upon the camel, (ISh,) or upon the horse, (K,) by reason of its width. (ISh.) خَجْلَةٌ: see 1: [it seems to be most probably a subst. signifying Confusion, or perplexity, and inability to see one's right course, by reason of shame: or shame, and confusion, or perplexity, and inability to see one's right course, in consequence of a deed that one has done: or simply,] i. q. حَيَآءٌ [shame, or a sense of shame, &c.]. (S.) مُخْجِلٌ: see خَجِلٌ, in two places.

شر

ى1 شَرَاهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِرًى (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and شِرَآءٌ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * TA,) the former inf. n. the more in repute, (Msb, TA,) and this is of the dial. of Nejd, the latter being of the dial. of El-Hijáz, or the latter may be said to be with medd for the purpose of assimilating it to a preceding word, accord. to El-Munádee, or it may be regarded as an inf. n. of شَارَاهُ, (TA,) i. q. بَاعَهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. He sold it]; (S, Mgh, K;) he gave it for a price: (Msb:) and i. q. ↓ اِشْتَرَاهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. he bought it]; (S, Mgh;) i. e. شَرَاهُ signifies also he took it, or acquired it, for a price: (Msb:) or this and ↓ اشتراه both signify بَاعَهُ [as meaning he sold it]; (T, * K, TA;) but the former is more used than the latter in this sense: (T, TA:) and both signify also [he bought it; i. e.] he possessed it by sale; (K;) which is the more usual meaning of the latter: (T, TA:) thus the former has two contr. meanings, (S, Msb, K,) and the latter also: (K:) for the two persons selling and buying sell and buy the price and the thing upon which the price is put; so that each of the things given in exchange is sold in one point of view and bought in another. (Msb, TA.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 203], وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِى

نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَآءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللّٰهِ i. e. [And of men is he] who sells [himself in the endeavour to obtain the approval of God]. (S, * TA.) And in the same, [xii. 20], وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ i. e. And they sold him [for a deficient, or an insufficient, price]. (S, TA.) And in the same [ii. 15], أُولَائِكَ الَّذِينَ الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى ↓ اشْتَرَوُا, originally اشْتَرَيُوا, (S,) [lit. Those are they who have purchased error with right direction,] meaning, (tropical:) who have taken الضلالة in exchange for الهدى: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or (tropical:) who have preferred الضلالة to الهدى: (Ksh, Bd:) [for] of any one who relinquishes a thing and lays hold upon another thing, one says اشتراه; (K, TA;) which is thus tropically used [as meaning (tropical:) he took it in exchange بِغَيْرِهِ by giving up another thing]; (TA;) and hence this saying in the Kur-án. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ عَنِ القَوْمِ (tropical:) He advanced before the people, or party, (K, TA,) to their enemy, (TA,) and fought in defence of them: or (tropical:) he advanced to the Sultán, and spoke for the people: (K, TA:) [as though he sold himself for them; the ب in بنفسه being app. redundant:] or, as in the Tekmileh, شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ إِلَى القَوْمِ (tropical:) he advanced to the people, or party, and fought them. (TA.) b3: And شَرَى

فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, such a one: (K:) [and] so ↓ شَرَّاهُ. (TA voce جَدَّعَهُ [q. v.: thus there written, perhaps for the purpose of assimilating it to جَدَّعَهُ].) b4: And i. q. أَرْغَمَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He angered such a one; or did evil to him, and angered him]: (Lh, K, TA:) and so أَوْرَمَهُ, and غَطَاهُ [or perhaps عَظَاهُ, for both are expl. alike]: all said of God. (Lh, TA.) And فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا شَرَاهُ (assumed tropical:) He did to him that which occasioned evil to him; or that which displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; syn. سَآءَهُ. (TA.) And لَحَاهُ اللّٰهُ وَشَرَاهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God remove him far from good or prosperity, or curse him, and do evil to him, or displease or grieve or vex him]. (TA.) A2: شَرَى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) also signifies God smote him, or may God smite him, with the eruption termed شَرًى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) A3: and شَرَاهُ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) i. q. شَرَّرَهُ, (K, TA,) i. e. He spread it [to dry]; (TA;) [in copies of the K, in art. شر, written, in this sense, ↓ شَرَّاهُ;] namely, flesh-meat, and a garment, or piece of cloth, and [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط. (K.) A4: شَرِىَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًى, (S, K,) said of lightning, (S, K, &c.,) It shone, or gleamed, much: (S:) or it shone, or gleamed, (K, TA,) and spread in the face of the clouds, or, as in the T, became dispersed in the face of the clouds: (TA:) and ↓ اشرى signifies the same; (K;) or it shone, or gleamed, consecutively: the latter verb mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b2: and hence, (S,) said of the nose-rein of a camel, (S, TA,) It was, or became, in a state of commotion, (TA,) or, of much commotion. (S, TA.) [See also 12.]) b3: Also, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, angry: (K, TA:) or he was, or became, flurried by reason of anger. (S, TA.) b4: And, said of evil, or mischief, It spread, بَيْنَهُمْ among them: (K, TA:) or became great, or formidable; and in like manner said of an affair, or event. (Nh, TA. [See also 10.]) b5: Also, and ↓ استشرى, He (a man, S) persisted, or persevered, (S, K,) in an affair, (S,) or in his error, and his corrupt conduct: and the former, said of a man, is like غَرِىَ in measure and meaning [i. e. he persisted, or persevered, in his anger]. (TA.) One says of a horse, شَرِىَ فِى

سَيْرِهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He per-sisted, or persevered, in his pace, or going; as also ↓ استشرى: (S:) or he exceeded the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and went on without languor: (TA:) and فِى عَدْوِهِ ↓ استشرى he (i. e. a horse) persisted, or persevered, in his running: (Mgh:) and شَرِىَ فِى لِجَامِهِ he (a horse) strained his bridle. (A, TA.) And شَرِيَتْ عَيْنُهُ بِالدَّمْعِ His eye persisted, or persevered, in the shedding of tears, the tears pouring forth consecutively. (TA.) A5: And شَرِىَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًى, (K, * TA,) He, (TA,) or his skin, broke out with the eruption termed شَرًى [q. v.]. (S, K, TA.) 2 شَرَّىَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.3 شَارَاهُ, inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ and شِرَآءٌ, i. q. بَايَعَهُ [as signifying He sold and bought with him: and he bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him: that شاراه has both of these meanings (like بايعه) is shown by the fact that مُشَارَاةٌ is also expl. in the TA, on the authority of Er-Rághib, as signifying the same as قِبَاضٌ]. (K.) b2: Also, (Mgh,) inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ, (TA,) He persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling: (Mgh:) one says, هُوَ يُشَارِيهِ (T, M, K) He persists in contention, litigation, or wrangling, with him: (M, TA:) or he contends in altercation, disputes, or litigates, with him; or does so vehemently, or obstinately; syn. يُجَادِلُهُ: (K, TA:) and it is said of the Prophet, in a trad., كَانَ لَا يُشَارِى وَلَا يُمَارِى [He used not to persist in contention, &c.]: (Mgh, TA:) meaning accord. to Th, بِالشَّرِّ ↓ كَانَ لَا يَسْتَشْرِى [he used not to persist, or persevere, with evil conduct]: (TA:) from اِسْتَشْرَى فِى عَدْوِهِ [expl. above (see 1 near the end)] as said of a horse: (Mgh:) or, accord. to Az, (TA,) originally يُشَارِرُ; one of the رs being changed into ى. (K, * TA. [See 3 in art. شر: and see also 3 in art. جرى.]) 4 اشرى, said of lightning: see 1, latter half. b2: Said of a camel, He sped, or went quickly. (IKtt, TA.) b3: اشرى بَيْنَهُمْ He excited discord, strife, or animosity, between them, or among them. (Az, K.) b4: اشرى الحَمَلُ (K accord. to the CK, [which, I think, evidently gives the right reading,] in the TA and in my MS. copy of the K الجمل,) i. q. تَفَلَّقَتْ عَقِيقَتُهُ [i. e. The lamb had its wool cleaving open, or becoming cleft]: (K: [Freytag, following the TK, and reading الحِمْلُ, explains the verb as said of fruit, and meaning “ diffissos habuit nucleos; ” but I cannot find any authority for the signification that he thus assigns to عَقيقة:]) mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b5: اشرت الشَّجَرَةُ The plant [crept upon the ground, or] was like the cucumber and the melon; as also ↓ استشرت. (TA.) b6: See also 5.

A2: اشراهُ He filled it; (S, K;) namely, a watering-trough: and in like manner اشرى جَفْنَةً he filled a bowl, (S,) or جِفَانَهُ his bowls for the guests. (TA.) b2: And He made it to incline, (K, TA,) فِى نَاحِيَةِ كَذَا [in the direction of such a thing]. (TA.) Hence the saying of a poet, وَأَنَّنِى حَيْثُمَا يُشْرِى الهَوَى بَصَرِى

مِنْ حَوْثَمَا سَلَكُوا أَدْنُو فَأَنْظُورُ [And that I, wherever love makes my eye, or eyes, to incline, wherever they travel, approach and look: فانظور being for فَأَنْظُرُ]: or, as some relate it, أَثْنِى فَأَنْظُورُ [i. e. turn myself, or my eyes, and look]. (TA.) b3: [Also He put it in motion; namely, a bridle. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]5 تشرّى It became scattered, or dispersed: (K:) accord. to the M, said in this sense of a company of men. (TA.) b2: Also, said of a man, (S,) or of a party, or company of men, (TA,) He, or they, became like the شُرَاة [pl. of شَارٍ q. v.] in his, or their, actions; (S, * TA;) and so ↓ اشرى. (IAth, TA.) 6 تَشَارَيَا They sued each other; or cited each other before a judge; syn. تَقَاضَيَا. (A, TA.) 8 إِشْتَرَىَ see the first paragraph, in three places.10 استشرى: see 1, latter part, in three places: and see 3. b2: Also He persisted, or persevered, in consideration, or examination. (TA.) b3: and استشرى فِى دِينِهِ He strove, or exerted himself, or was diligent, or studious, and was careful, or mindful, or regardful, in his religion. (TA.) b4: And استشرت الأُمُورُ بَيْنَهُمْ The affairs, or events, were, or became, great, or formidable, between them, or among them. (K, * TA. [See also شَرِىَ.]) b5: And see 4.12 اِشْرَوْرَى It was, or became, in a state of commotion. (K. [See also شَرِىَ.]) شَرْىٌ The colocynth: (S, K:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) the plant thereof: (S, K:) n. un. with ة: (S:) and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ also signifies the colocynth; as a dial. var. of شَرْىٌ: or the leaves thereof. (TA.) One says, هُوَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الأَرْىِ وَأَمَرُّ مِنَ الشَّرْىِ [He, or it, is sweeter than honey and more bitter than colocynth]. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَهُ طَعْمَانِ أَرْىٌ وَشَرْىٌ [Such a one has two flavours, that of honey and that of colocynth]. (S, TA.) b2: And Any kind of plant that spreads upon the ground, running [or creeping] and extending; such as the melon and the cucumber. (AHn, O voce سُطَّاحٌ, q. v., and TA * in the present art.) b3: And Palm-trees that grow from the datestones: (K:) and with ة [as the n. un.] one of such palm-trees. (S.) b4: And, accord. to IJ, A kind of tree of which bows are made. (L voce حَتٌّ, q. v. [See also شِرْيَانٌ.]) A2: See also شَرًى.

A3: And see شَرْوَى.

شَرًى A road, (K, TA,) in a general sense. (TA.) And, (K,) with the article ال, [particularly] A road of Selmà, (S, K, TA,) the mountain so called, (TA,) abounding with lions: (S, K, TA:) whence they say of courageous men, مَا هُمْ

إِلَّا أُسُودُ الشَّرَى [They are no other than the lions of Esh-Sharà]. (TA.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [as meaning An adjacent tract or region]; (S, K;) as also ↓ شَرَآءٌ: (K:) accord. to some, of the right hand: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَآءٌ. (S, K.) Hence, شَرَى

الفُرَاتِ The adjacent tract (نَاحِيَة) of the Euphrates: (TA:) and أَشْرَآءُ الحَرَمِ the adjacent tracts of the Sacred Territory; syn. نَوَاحِيهِ. (S.) b3: And A mountain. (K.) A2: Also The bad, or worse, or worst, of cattle: accord. to J, [in the S,] ↓ شَرْىٌ, [said in the S to be like شَوَى المَالِ,] which is [said to be] a mistake: (K:) but ElBedr El-Karáfee questions it being so: (TA:) and the good, or better, or best, thereof; as also ↓ شَرَاةٌ: thus having two contr. significations: (K:) and so says ISk: but ISd says that إِبِلٌ

↓ شَرَاةٌ, like سَرَاةٌ, means choice camels. (TA.) A3: And A certain eruption upon the body, resembling dirhems: (TA:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, having a burning property: (S:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, red, itching, and distressing, generally originating at once, (K, TA,) but sometimes gradually, (TA,) and becoming [more] severe by night in consequence of a hot vapour breaking forth at once upon the body: (K, TA:) thus in the “ Kánoon ” of Ibn-Seenà [or Avicenna]. (TA.) A4: ذُو الشَّرَى A certain idol of [the tribe of] Dows (دَوْس), (K, TA,) in the Saráh (السَّرَاة): so says Nasr. (TA.) شَرٍ Having the eruption termed شَرًى, described in the next preceding paragraph. (S, K.) شِرًى, (S, TA,) an inf. n. of شَرَى, aor. ـْ (TA,) [when used as a simple subst., signifying A sale and also a purchase,] has أَشْرِيَةٌ for its pl., which, as pl. of a sing. of the measure فِعَلٌ, is anomalous. (S, TA.) شَرَاةٌ: see شَرًى, in two places.

شَرَآءٌ: see شَرًى.

شَرِىٌّ Sold: and also bought: applied in this sense to a male slave; and شَرِيَّةٌ to a female slave. (Msb.) b2: Also A horse that persists, or perseveres, in his pace, or going: (S:) or that exceeds the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and goes on without languor: (TA:) or a choice horse: (A, TA:) or an excellent, choice horse. (TA.) شَرِيَّةٌ A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: and a nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like. (K.) A2: Also, of women, Such as bring forth females. (K.) One says, تَزَوَّجَ فِى شَرِيَّةِ نِسَآءٍ He married among women such as bring forth females. (TA.) شَرْوَى, in which the و is a substitute for ى, as it is in تَقْوَى and the like, (TA,) The like (S, K) of a thing: (S:) because a thing is sometimes bought with the like thereof: (TA:) [used alike as sing. and pl.: and, accord. to the TA, it seems that ↓ شَرْىٌ signifies the same.] It is said of Shureyh, كَانَ يُضَمِّنُ القَصَّارَ شَرْوَى الثَّوْبِ الَّذِى

أَهْلَكَهُ [He used to make the washer responsible for the like of the garment, or piece of cloth, that he destroyed]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, relating to the [collecting of the] poorrate, فَلَا يَأْخُذُ إِلَّا تِلْكَ السِّنَّ مِنْ شَرْوَى إِبِلِهِ [i. e. And he shall not take any save of that age, of the likes of his camels]. (TA.) شِرَوِىٌّ, in which the و is a substitute for ى, and ↓ شِرَائِىٌّ, [both signifying Of, or relating to, selling, and also of, or relating to, buying,] are rel. ns.; the former, of the inf. n. شِرًى; and the latter, of the inf. n. شِرَآءٌ. (Msb, TA.) شَرْيَانٌ see شَرْىٌ: b2: and see what next follows.

شِرْيَانٌ and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is the more in repute, (TA,) the former said to be quasi-quadriliteral, like جِرْيَالٌ, [and therefore mentioned also in the TA in art. شرن,] but held by IB to be of the measure فِعْلَانٌ, (TA in art. شرن,) A kind of tree, (S, K, TA,) of the عِضَاه [q. v.] of the mountains, (TA,) of which bows are made: (S, K, TA:) n. un. with ة: the tree thus called grows in the manner, and of the height and width, of the [species of lote-tree called] سِدْر, and has a yellow, sweet نَبِقَة [or drupe]: so says AHn: and he adds, Aboo-Ziyád says, bows are made of the شريان, and the bow made thereof is good, but black tinged with redness; its wood being of those woods of which good bows are [commonly] made; and they assert that it seldom, or never, becomes crooked: Mbr says that the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and شريان are one kind of tree, but differing in name and estimation according to the places of growth; such thereof as is upon the summit of the mountain being the نبع; and such as is at the base, or foot, or lowest or lower part, thereof, the شريان. (TA. [But see شَوْحَطٌ.]) b2: Also sing. of شَرَايِينُ signifying The arteries; i. e. the pulsing veins; (S, K;) which spring from the heart: (S:) but the anatomists assert that they spring from the liver, and pass by the heart. (TA.) b3: شِرْيَانٌ, with kesr, signifies also A crack, or fissure, [in a rock,] such as is termed ثَتٌّ. (Az, TA.) شِرَائِىٌّ: see شِرَوِىٌّ.

شَارٍ Selling, or a seller: (Mgh, TA:) and buying, or a buyer: as also ↓ مُشْتَرٍ [in both senses, but generally in the latter sense; whereas شَارٍ is generally used in the former sense]: (TA:) pl. of the former شُرَاةٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also, (S, TA,) and ↓ شَارِىٌّ, in which latter the ى is not the ى of a rel. n. but is an affix corroborative of the epithet, as in the cases of أَحْوَرُ and أَحْوَرِىٌّ [or أَحْمَرُ and أَحْمَرِىٌّ] and صُلَّبٌ and صُلَّبِىٌّ, (TA,) One of the people to whom is applied the appellation الشُّرَاةُ, (S, TA,) which means the [heretics, or schismatics, commonly known by the name of] خَوَارِج [pl. of خَارِجِىٌّ, q. v.]: (S, M, Mgh, K, &c.:) so called because they said, We have sold ourselves in obedience to God, i. e., for Paradise, when we separated ourselves from the erring Imáms: (S:) or because they sold themselves for the sake of what they believed: or because they said, Verily God has purchased us and our possessions: (Mgh:) but ISk says, because of their vehement hatred of the Muslims: and the author of the K says that it is from شَرِىَ signifying “ he was angry,” and “ he persisted, or persevered; ” and he charges J with error in his explaining it as above, from their saying “ we have sold ourselves ” &c.; but this charge is senseless, for J has followed herein more than one of the leading authorities: the author of the K has followed ISd, who, however, adds, as to themselves, they say “ We are the شُرَاة ” because of the saying in the Kur ii. 203 [cited in the first paragraph of this art.], and the saying [in ix. 112] “ Verily God hath purchased, of the believers, themselves ”

[&c.]; and the like is said in the Nh, with this addition, that شُرَاةٌ is the pl. of شَارٍ; i. e., it is from شَرَى, aor. ـْ or it may be from المُشَارَاةُ meaning المُلَاجَّةُ: moreover, the part. n. of شَرِىَ is شَرٍ; and this has not شُرَاةٌ for its pl. (TA.) شَارِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُشْتَرٍ: see شَارٍ.

A2: المُشْتَرِى A certain star, (S, K,) well-known; (K;) [Jupiter;] one of the Seven Stars. (TA.) A3: And A certain bird. (K.)

زب

ى1 زَبَاهُ, aor. ـْ (S, K,) inf. n. زَبْىٌ, (S,) i. q. حَمَلَهُ [He bore it, carried it, took it up and carried it, conveyed it, &c.]; (S, K;) namely, a thing; (S;) as also ↓ اِزْدَبَاهُ; thus accord. to the T and S and M; (TA; [accord. to one of my copies of the S, i. q. احتملهُ, which is often syn. with حَمَلَهُ];) or ↓ أَزْبَاهُ; thus in the copies of the K: (TA:) or the first and ↓ last signify he bore upon his back a heavy burden: (JM:) and hence the saying of Kaab, بِذٰلِكَ ↓ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَلِمَةً أُزْبِيهِ (JM, TA) i. e. [(assumed tropical:) And I said to him a saying,] disquieting, or disturbing, him, (JM, TA, *) [by reason of that:] because, when a thing is borne, or carried, it is removed from its place. (JM.) b2: Also, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He drove, urged, or incited, him; (K, TA;) and so ↓ زبّاهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَزْبِيَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ازدباه. (K.) [And i. q. دَعَاهُ.] You say, مَا زَبَاهُمْ إِلَى هٰذَا, i. e. مَا دَعَاهُمْ إِلَيْهِ [What drew, led, induced, caused, constrained, or drove, them to this? or What hath led, &c.?]. (JM, TA.) And ↓ زَبَّى

لَهُ شَرًّا, inf. n. تَزْبِيَةٌ, i. e. دَعَاهُ [He drew, or caused, evil to him]. (TA.) And لَهُ ↓ زَبَّيْتُ, inf. n. تَزْبِيَةٌ, I prepared [app. evil] for him. (TA.) And زَبَاهُ بِشَرٍّ, (K, TA,) or بِمَكْرُوهٍ, (TA,) He smote him with evil. (K, TA.) 2 زبّى, inf. n. تَزْبِيَةٌ, accord. to the K, He spread flesh-meat upon a زُبْيَة as meaning a hill, or an elevated piece of ground, which the water did not overflow: but accord. to ISd, he threw flesh-meat into a زُبْيَة as meaning a hollow dug in the ground, in which one roasts, or broils, for himself, and bakes bread. (TA.) b2: See also 5. b3: And see 1, in three places.4 أَزْبَىَ see 1, in three places.5 تزبّى زُبْيَةً He made a pitfall for a lion (S, Mgh, K) or a wolf; (Mgh;) as also ↓ زبّاه, inf. n. تَزْبِيَةٌ. (K.) A rájiz says, وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ اللَّذْ كِيدَا كَاللَّذْ تَزَبَّى زُبْيَةً فَاصْطِيدَا [And by no means be thou of those who have been beguiled; like him who has made a pitfall for a lion or a wolf, and then has himself been trapped]. (S, * Mgh.) b2: And تزبّى فِى الزُّبْيَةِ, accord. to ISd, signifies the same as تَزبَّاهَا [app. in a sense different from that expl. above; meaning He concealed himself from the objects of the chase in the hollow made for that purpose: or he fell into the زُبْيَة, like تَرَدَّى فِى الزُّبْيَةِ]. (TA.) 6 تزابى He walked with a stretching of himself, or with an elegant and a proud and selfconceited gait, and with slowness. (T, K, TA.) b2: And He magnified himself; or behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently; (K, TA;) and disdainfully. (TA.) 8 اِزْدَبَاهُ: see 1, in two places.

زُبْيَةٌ A hill, or an elevated piece of ground, which the water does not overflow: (S, K:) pl. رُبًى. (S, TA.) Hence, (TA,) it is said in a prov., بَلَغَ السَّيْلُ الزُّبَى [The torrent reached the tops of the hills which they do not usually overflow]: (S, TA:) or الزُّبَى is here pl. of الزُّبْيَةُ in the sense next following: [but the meaning is virtually the same:] (Meyd:) the prov. is applied to a thing, or an affair, or a case, exceeding the ordinary bounds or limit. (Meyd, TA.) b2: A pitfall for a lion (S, Mgh, Msb, K) or a wolf (Mgh) &c., (Msb,) dug in a high place, (S, Mgh, Msb,) for which reason it is thus called: (S:) pl. as above. (Msb.) b3: A hollow dug in the ground, in which a sportsman conceals himself [from the objects of the chase]. (TA.) b4: A hollow dug in the ground, in which one roasts, or broils, for himself, and bakes bread. (ISd, TA.) b5: A well: so where it is said in a trad. of an Arab of the desert, تَرَدَّى فِى زُبْيَةٍ [He fell into a well]. (Mgh.) b6: The excavation made by ants; which they make not save in a high place. (TA.) b7: Some include this word among those that have contr. significations. (TA.) أُزْبِىٌّ Quickness, and briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: (S, K:) [originally أُزْبُوىٌ,] of the measure أُفْعُولٌ. (S) b2: A certain mode of going, or pace, (S, M, K,) of camels: (M, TA:) accord. to As, أَزَابِىُّ, which is its pl., signifies various modes of going or pace. (S.) b3: Evil: (Az, S:) or a great evil: (K:) and a great, momentous, or terrible, thing or affair: (Az, S, K:) pl. as above. (Az, S.) One says, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ الأَزَابِىَّ I experienced from him, or it, evils; and great, momentous, or terrible, things. (Az, S.) b4: and i. q. عَجَبٌ [app. as meaning A wonderful thing]. (TA.) b5: And The sound of a bow; (JM, TA; *) its musical ringing, or plaintive, sound. (JM.)

عرب

1 عَرُبَ لِسَانُهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. عُرُوبَةٌ, His tongue [or speech] was, or became, Arabic, (S, O,) or chaste Arabic. (Msb.) b2: See also 4, first sentence, in three places.

A2: عَرِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَرَبٌ, He (a man) became disordered in the stomach by indigestion. (TA.) And عَرِبَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ, inf. n. as above, His stomach became in a corrupt, or disordered, state, (S, O, Msb, K,) from being burdened. (TA.) b2: Also, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) said of a camel's hump, (O, TA,) It became swollen and purulent. (O, K, TA.) b3: And, said of a wound, (S, O, K, TA,) It became corrupt: (TA:) or it broke open again; or became recrudescent: (S, O:) or it had a scar remaining after it had healed. (K.) b4: Said of a river, It abounded with water. (K.) and عَرِبَتِ البِئْرُ The well contained much water; or its water became abundant. (K.) b5: And, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَرَبٌ (O, * K, * TA) and عَرَابَةٌ, said of a man, (TA,) He was, or became, brisk, lively, or sprightly. (K, TA.) A3: عَرَبَ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَرْبٌ, (TK,) He ate (O, K) food. (TK.) 2 عرّب, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ, (S,) He (an Arab) arabicized a foreign word; spoke it, or pronounced it, agreeably with the ways of Arabic speech; (S;) as also ↓ اعرب, (S, O, *) inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ. (TA.) b2: And He taught another the Arabic language. (TA, from a trad.) b3: See also 4, in fourteen places. b4: The inf. n. signifies also The showing, or declaring, one's saying, (K, TA,) and one's deed, (TA,) to be bad, evil, abominable, or foul. (K, TA.) One says, عرّب عَلَيْهِ He showed him, or declared to him, that his saying, and his deed, was bad, &c.; and upbraided him for it. (TA.) And فَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَمَا عَرَّبَ عَلَىَّ أَحَدٌ I did so and so, and no one upbraided me; or charged me with having acted disgracefully. (Az, TA.) And عرّب عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ, (S, O,) and قَوْلَهُ, (TA,) He showed him, or declared to him, that his deed was bad, evil, abominable, or foul, (S, O,) and so his saying. (TA.) تَعْرِيبٌ is The saying to a man who has uttered what is foul, or erroneous, “It is not so, but so; ” telling him what is more correct. (Sh, TA.) And The replaying against a speaker; (K, TA;) and so ↓ إِعْرَابٌ. (TA.) One says, عرّب عَلَيْهِ He replied against him, denying or disallowing or disapproving what he said: (S:) or he prevented, hindered, or forbade, him: or he did so, and denied or disallowed or disapproved [what he said or did]. (TA.) [See what next follows.] b5: Also The treating medically, to remove his disease, one whose stomach is in a corrupt, or disordered, state. (O, K. [In both, التَّعْرِيبُ is expl. as meaning تَمْرِيضُ العَرِبِ i. e. الذَّرِبِ المَعِدَةِ. Freytag has strangely rendered the verb as signifying “ ægrotum reddidit aliquem stomachi corruptio. ”]) Az says that التَّعْرِيبُ followed by عَلَى and having for its object him who says what is disapproved may be from this. (TA.) b6: Also The lopping a palm-tree; or pruning it by cutting off some of its branches. (S, O, K. *) b7: And The scarifying a horse or similar beast in the parts of the skin next the hoofs and then cauterizing those parts: (K, TA:) or the cauterizing a horse in several places in those parts, and then gently scarifying them without producing any effect upon the sinews, or tendons, (Az, O, TA,) in order to strengthen the parts, (Az, TA,) or in order that the hair may become strong: (O:) or عرّب الفَرَسَ signifies he made an incision in the bottom of the horse's hoof; and the verb implies that, by this operation, what was concealed becomes apparent to the eye, so that one knows the state of the hoof, whether it be hard or soft, sound or diseased. (L, TA. See also 1 in art. بزغ.) A2: Also, the inf. n., The getting, or procuring for oneself, an Arabian horse. (TA. [See also 4, near the end.]) b2: And The taking, or making, for oneself, an Arabian bow. (O, K.) A3: Also the drinking much clear, or limpid, water, (O, K,) which is termed عَرِب. (O.) A4: عرّب البَقَرَةَ, (K,) or ↓ أَعْرَبَهَا, (O,) He rendered the cow desirous [of copulation]; said of a bull. (O, K.) A5: And عرّب, (Fr, Mgh, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ; (Fr, O, K;) and ↓ اعرب, (Fr, Mgh, O, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ; (Fr, Mgh, K;) and ↓ عَرْبَنَ; (O, and S and K in art. عربن;) He gave what is termed an عُرْبُون (O, Msb, K) or عُرْبَان (Fr, Mgh) [i. e. an earnest], فِى كَذَا [in the case of such a thing], (O,) or فِى بَيْعِهِ [in the case of his purchase]. (Msb.) One says, ↓ أَعْرَبُوا فِى الدَّارِ أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ They paid in advance, as an earnest, in the case of the house, four hundred [dirhems]. (L, TA.) It is related in a trad. that ↓ الإِعْرَاب in buying and selling is forbidden: (Mgh, O, TA:) this is said by Sh to mean A man's saying to another, If I do not purchase this for so much, thou shalt have such and such of my property. (O, TA.) 3 عَاْرَبَ [The following ex. is given of the inf. n. of this verb.] One says, مَا أُوتِىَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ مُعَارَبَةِ النِّسَآءِ مَا أُوتِىَ فُلَانٌ, (O,) or مَا أُوتِيتُهُ أَنَا, (TA,) meaning, (O, TA,) app., (TA,) [No one has been given what such a one has been given, or what I have been given, of] the means of coïtus [with women]. (O, TA.) 4 اعرب, (Az, Msb, TA,) [for اعرب الكَلَامَ, like افصح for افصح الكَلَامَ,] inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ, (A, K,) He spoke clearly, plainly, distinctly, or intel-ligibly, (Az, A, Msb, K, * TA,) in Arabic; (Msb;) as also ↓ تعرّب, and ↓ استعرب; said of a foreigner, or one [previously] not clear, plain, distinct, or intelligible, in speech: (Az, Msb, TA:) and ↓ عَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عُرْبٌ and عُرُوبٌ, accord. to Th, and عُرْبَةٌ and عِرَابَةٌ [which accord. to general analogy would be عَرَابَةٌ] and عُرُوبِيَّةٌ; (TA;) or ↓ عَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (Msb;) [likewise] signifies he spoke clearly, plainly, or distinctly, after being barbarous, or vitious, in speech: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ عَرُبَ he spoke without incorrectness; (Msb;) and [so اعرب, for] إِعْرَابٌ signifies the committing no error in speech: (K, TA:) and the expressing of meanings clearly, plainly, distinctly, or perspicuously, by words. (TA.) [↓ عرّب, also, has a similar meaning:] it is said in a trad., أَنْ ↓ كَانُوا يَسْتَحِبُّونَ أَنْ يُلَقِّنُوا الصَّبِىَّ حِينَ يُعَرِّبُ يَقُولَ لَا إِلَاهَ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ (O, TA) i. e. [They used to like teaching the boy,] when he spoke distinctly, or articulately, [to say “ There is no deity but God ” seven times.] (TA.) And one says, اعرب الكَلَامَ, and اعرب بِهِ, meaning He made the speech [that he spoke] clear, plain, distinct, or perspicuous. (TA.) And اعرب بِحُجَّتِهِ He declared, or spoke out clearly or plainly, his argument, plea, allegation, or the like, without fearing any one. (S, O.) And أَعْرَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ and اعربت عَنْهُ, and ↓ عَرَّبْتُهُ and عرّبت عَنْهُ, which last, accord. to Fr, is better than عرّبتهُ and اعربتهُ, I made the thing clear, plain, distinct, or manifest. (Msb.) And اعرب عَمَّا فِى ضَمِيرِهِ He declared, or spoke out clearly or plainly, what was in his mind. (TA.) And اعرب عَنْهُ لِسَانُهُ, and ↓ عرّب عنه, His tongue made clear, or plain, or spoke clearly, or plainly, for him: and عَمَّا فِى ↓ يُعَرِّبُ قَلْبِهِ لِسَانُهُ His tongue tells plainly, or declares, what is in his heart. (Az, TA.) It is said in a trad., الثَّيِّبُ تُعْرِبُ عَنْ نَفْسِهَا, (S,) or الأَيِّمُ, and ↓ تُعَرِّبُ, accord. to different relaters, but some say the former only, (Msb,) i. e. [She who has become a widow, or been divorced, &c., or she who has no husband, whether she be a virgin or not, or not being a virgin,] shall speak out plainly for herself [when demanded in marriage]: (S, Msb:) or الثَّيِّبُ يُعْرِبُ عَنْهَا لِسَانُهَا, so accord. to IKt, (O,) or عنها ↓ يُعَرِّبُ, (Mgh, O,) so accord. to A 'Obeyd, but, as IAmb says, both are dial. vars. of which neither is preferable to the other; and the meaning is [she who has become a widow, &c., her tongue] shall declare for her. (O.) One says also, اعرب عَنِ الرَّجُلِ He spoke out, or explained, for the man. (TA.) And عَنِ القَوْمِ ↓ عَرَّبْتُ I spoke for the people, or party; (Fr, S, Mgh, * O, K;) and pleaded for them; (Fr, Mgh, * TA;) as also أَعْرَبْتُ; but the former in this sense is better known. (Mgh.) And اعرب عَنْهُ, and عنه ↓ عرّب, He pleaded his cause. (TA.) and عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ ↓ عرّب He spoke and pleaded for the object of his want. (A.) b2: اعرب also signifies He was, or became, chaste, uncorrupt, or free from barbarousness, in speech; although not an Arab. (Msb.) And لَهُ الكَلَامَ ↓ عَرَّبْتُ, inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ; as also أَعْرَبْتُ له, inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ; I made the speech [that I spoke] clear, or plain, to him, so that there was in it no barbarousness. (TA.) And مَنْطِقَهُ ↓ عرّب, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ, (K,) He made his speech free from error, or incorrectness. (S, O, K.) And أَعْرَبْتُ الحَرْفَ I made the حرف [i. e. word] clear, or plain: or the ا in this case denotes privation, and the meaning is (assumed tropical:) I removed its عرب, [app. ↓ عَرَب, from this word as inf. n. of عَرِبَ used in relation to the stomach &c.,] i. e. vagueness. (Msb.) And اعرب كَلَامَهُ He made his speech free from error, or incorrectness, in [what is termed] الإِعْرَاب [here meaning what grammarians generally intend thereby, namely, desinential syntax, or the science of the various inflections of words, literal or virtual, by reason of the various governing words]. (S, O.) [اعرب is also used by grammarians as meaning He declined a word; and أُعْرِبَ as meaning It was declined, or declinable; in these senses opposed to بَنَى and بُنِىَ, inf. n. بِنَآءٌ: and the former also as meaning He analyzed grammatically, or parsed, a sentence: and the inf. n. of the verb (act. and pass.) in these senses is إِعْرَابٌ.] b3: See also 2, first sentence: b4: and again in the first third part of the paragraph. b5: إِعْرَابٌ also signifies The making [a person] to revert from, or relinquish, foul speech; (K, TA;) and so ↓ تَعْرِيبٌ. (TA.) b6: And The speaking foul, or obscene, language; as also ↓ تَعْرِيبٌ, and ↓ اِسْتِعْرَابٌ: (O, K:) thus it bears two contr. significations. (K, TA.) One says of a man, اعرب [&c.], (S, O,) or اعرب فِى كَلَامِهِ, (Msb,) He spoke foul, or obscene, language. (S, O, Msb.) [Golius and Freytag have assigned this meaning to ↓ تعرّب also: the latter of them as from the S and K; in neither of which do I find it.] b7: And The act of copulating: or the speaking of that act in an oblique, or indirect, manner. (K.) A2: and اعرب, (S, O,) inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ, (K,) He had a child born to him of Arabian complexion, or colour. (S, O, K.) b2: And He possessed, or acquired, or sought to acquire, horses, or camels, of pure Arabian race. (TA. [See also 2, in the middle of the latter half; and see مُعْرِبٌ.]) b3: And إِعْرَابٌ signifies One's knowing a horse of pure Arabian race from one of mean race by his neighing. (K.) And A horse's being known by his neighing to be of pure Arabian race, free from any admixture of other than Arabian blood: (K, TA:) [or his making himself to be known as such by his neighing; for] اعرب means he (a horse) neighed, and was consequently known to be of Arabian race. (A.) b4: And The making a horse to run. (K.) Accord. to Fr, one says, اعرب عَلَى فَرَسِهِ, meaning He made his horse to run: but he adds that some say اغرب. (O.) A3: And إِعْرَابٌ signifies The taking as one's wife a woman such as is termed عَرُوبٌ [q. v.]. (K.) A4: اعرب سَقْىُ القَوْمِ meansThe people's watering [of their camels], having been at one time on alternate days, and another time on the fourth day after that of the next preceding watering, then became, and continued to be, of one uniform way. (S, O.) A5: See also 2, last four sentences.5 تعرّب He assimilated himself to the Arabs. (S.) He (a man not of genuine Arabian descent) introduced himself among the Arabs, and spoke their language, and imitated their manner or appearance; [he became a naturalized, or an insitious, Arab; (see العَرَبُ;)] as also ↓ استعرب. (Az, TA.) b2: He became an Arab of the desert; (S, Mgh;) he returned to the desert, (Az, Mgh, TA,) after he had been dwelling in a region of cities or towns or villages and of cultivated land, and joined himself to the Arabs of the desert. (Az, TA.) Hence, تعرّب بَعْدَ هِجْرَتِهِ He became an Arab of the desert [after his flight, or emigration, for the sake of El-Islám], (S, Mgh,) returning to the desert. (Mgh.) b3: He dwelt, or abode, in the desert. (O, K.) b4: See also 4, first sentence. b5: تَعَرَّبَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا She acted in an amorous manner, or with amorous dalliance, and mani-fested love, to her husband. (A, TA.) b6: Respecting a meaning assigned to تعرّب by Golius and Freytag, see 4, latter half.10 استعرب: see 5: b2: see also 4, first sentence: b3: and the same again in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: استعرب جَرَبًا, said of a camel, He was affected with mange, or scab, which began in his armpits and groins or similar parts, and his lips, and appeared upon the general extent of his skin. (O.) b2: And استعربت, said of a cow, She desired the bull. (O, K.) Q. Q. 1 عَرْبَنَ: see 2, near the end.

عَرْبٌ is syn. with إِعْرَابٌ in the sense of إِفْصَاحٌ [but app. as a subst. (not an inf. n.) meaning Clear, plain, or distinct, speech]. (TA.) b2: and syn. with عِرَابَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) b3: And syn. with عَرَبٌ as [inf. n. of عَرِبَ, and] meaning نَشَاطٌ [i. e. Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness]. (O, K.) العُرْبُ: see العَرَبُ, first sentence.

عِرْبٌ Such as is dried up, of the [species of barley-grass called] بُهْمَى: (S, O, K:) or of any herb, or leguminous plant: n. un. with ة: or عِرْبُ البُهْمَى signifies the prickles of the بُهْمَى. (TA.) العَرَبُ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, &c.,) as also ↓ العُرْبُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) A certain people, or nation; [the Arabs, or Arabians;] (S, O;) the contr. of العَجَمُ (A, Msb, K, TA) and العُجْمُ; (TA;) the inhabitants of the cities, or large towns, (S, A, O, K,) or of the Arabian cities and towns or villages: (Mgh:) [but now, on the contrary, generally applied to those who dwell in the desert:] or those who have alighted and made their abode in the cultivated regions, and have taken as their homes the Arabian cities and towns or villages, and others also that are related to them: (Az, Msb:) or [accord. to general usage] an appellation of common application [to the whole nation]: (T, K:) [and in the lexicons and lexicological works applied to the desert Arabs of pure speech:] it is of the fem. gender: (Msb, K:) and العَرَبُ has two pls., namely, العُرُبُ, with two dammehs, and الأَعْرُبُ [which is a pl. of pauc.]: (Msb:) the rel. n. [which serves as a sing.] is ↓ عَرَبِىٌّ: (S, O, K: [عَرَبٌ عَرَبِىٌّ in the CK is a mistake:]) accord. to Az, (TA,) this appellation is applied to a man of established Arab lineage, even if he be not chaste, or correct, in speech. (Msb, TA.) The dim. of العَرَبُ is ↓ العُرَيْبُ, (S, O,) without ة, (O, TA,) an extr. word [with respect to analogy, as the undiminished noun is fem.]: (TA:) a poet (Abu-l-Hindee, whose name was 'Abd-El-Mu-min, son of 'AbdEl-Kuddoos, O, TA) says, وَمَكْنُ الضِّبَابِ طَعَامُ العُرَيْبِ وَلَا تَشْتَهِيهِ نُفُوسُ العَجَمْ

[And the eggs of dabbs are food of the little Arabs; but the souls of the Foreigners do not desire them]: in which he uses the dim. form to imply respect, or honour, like as it is used in the saying أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا المُحَكَّكُ وَعُذَيْقُهَا المُرَجَّبُ [expl. in art. جذل]. (S, O.) b2: ↓ العَرَبُ العَارِبَةُ (in which the latter word is used as a corroborative of the former as in لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ, S, O) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرَبِيَّةُ (O) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرِبَةُ (K) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرِبَاتُ (CK [but this I do not find in any other copy of the K]) are appellations of The pure, or genuine Arabs: (S, A, O, K:) or those who spoke the language of Yaarub Ibn-Kahtán; which is the ancient language: (Msb:) and ↓ العَرَبُ المُسْتَعْرِبَةُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ العَرَبُ المُتَعَرِّبَةُ, (S, O, K,) is an appellation of The insititious [or naturalized Arabs]; (K;) those who are not pure, or genuine, Arabs: (S, O:) or those who spoke the language of Ismá'eel [or Ishmael] the son of Ibráheem [or Abraham], i. e., the dialects of El-Hijáz and the parts adjacent thereto: (Msb:) and the appellation of ↓ مُسْتَعْرِبَةٌ is thought by Az to apply [also] to people not of pure Arabian descent, who have introduced themselves among the Arabs, and speak their language, and imitate their manner or appearance. (TA.) [The former division is most reasonably considered as consisting of the extinct tribes ('Ád, Thamood, and others mentioned in what follows); or of these together with the unmixed descendants of Kahtán, whose claims to the appellation of genuine Arabs are held by many to be equally valid: and the latter division, as consisting of those whose origin is referred, through Ma'add and 'Adnán, to Ismá'eel (or Ishmael), whose wife was descended from Kahtán. What I find in the TA, on this subject, is as follows.] The former of these two divisions consisted of nine tribes, descendants of Irem [or Aram] the son of Sám [or Shem] the son of Nooh [or Noah]; namely, 'Ád, Thamood, Umeiyim, 'Abeel, Tasm, Jedees, 'Imleek [or Amalek], Jurhum, and Webári; and from them Ismá'eel [or Ishmael is said to have] learned the Arabic language: and the ↓ مُتَعَرِّبَة are [said to be] the descendants of Ismá'eel, the descendants of Ma'add the son of 'Adnán the son of Udd: so says Abu-l-Khattáb Ibn-Dihyeh, surnamed Dhun-Nesebeyn: or the former division consisted of seven tribes, namely, 'Ád, Thamood, 'Imleek, Tasm, Jedees, Umeiyim, and Jásim; the main portion of whom has become extinct, some remains of them, only, being scattered among the [existing] tribes: so says IDrd: and the appellation of ↓ العَرَبُ العَارِبَةُ is also given to the descendants of Yaarub the son of Kahtán [only]. (TA.) [It should be observed, however, that the appellation of ↓ المُتَعَرِّبَةُ is, by those who hold the extinct tribes above mentioned as the only genuine Arabs, applied to the unmixed descendants of Kahtán; and ↓ المُسْتَعْرِبَةُ, to those who are held to be the descendants of Ismá'eel: thus in the Mz, 1st نوع.

Also, it should be observed that the appellation of ↓ العَرَبُ العَارِبِةُ, in the conventional language of Arabic lexicology, is often applied to the Arabs of the classical ages, and the later Arabs of the desert who retained the pure language of their ancestors, indiscriminately: it is thus applied by writers quoted in the Mz (1st نوع) to all the descendants of Kahtán, and those of Ma'add the son of 'Adnán (through whom all the descendants of Ismá'eel trace their ancestry) who lived before the corruption, among them, of the Arabic language.] b3: ↓ الأَعْرَابُ is the appellation given to Those [Arabs] who dwell in the desert; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) such as go about in search of herbage and water; and Az adds, whether of the Arabs or of their freedmen: he says that it is applied to those who alight and abide in the desert, and are neighbours of the dwellers in the desert, and journey, or migrate, with them, to seek after herbage and water: (Msb:) it is not a pl. of العَرَبُ, not being like الأَنْبَاطُ, which is pl. of النَّبَطُ; (S, O;) but is a [coll.] gen. n.: (S:) الأَعَارِيبُ occurs as its pl. (S, O, K) in chaste poetry: (S:) it has no sing. [properly so termed]: (K:) the rel. n. is ↓ أَعْرَابِىٌّ, (S, O,) which is applied to single person; (Msb;) as also بَدَوِىٌّ: (TA:) Az says, if one say to an أَعْرَابِىّ, يَا عَرَبِىُّ, he is pleased; and if one say to an عَرَبِىّ, يَا أَعْرَابِىُّ, he is angry. (TA.) b4: Authors differ as to the cause why the عَرَب were thus called: some say, because of the perspicuity of their speech, from إِعْرَابٌ: others, that they were so called from Yaarub the son of Kahtán, who is said to have been the first that spoke the Arabic language; his original language having been, as asserted by IDrd, [what the Arabs term] Syriac; though some say that Ismá'eel was the first that spoke the Arabic language; and some, that Yaarub was the first that spoke Arabic, and that Ismá'eel was the first that spoke the pure Arabic of El-Hijáz, in which the Kur-án was revealed: others say that the عَرَب were so called from العَرَبَةُ, the name of a tract near El-Medeeneh, or a name of Mekkeh and the adjacent region, where Ismá'eel settled, or the same as Tihámeh [as is said in the Mgh, in which this is pronounced to be the most correct derivation], or the general name of the peninsula of Arabia, which is also called العَرَبَاتُ [as is said in the Msb]: but some say that they were so called in like manner as were the فُرْس and the رُوم and the تُرْك and others, not after the name of a land or other than a land, but by the coining of the name, not a term expressive of a quality or a state or condition &c. (TA.) [If the country were called العَرَبَةُ, an inhabitant thereof might be called, agreeably with analogy, عَرَبِىٌّ; and then, the people collectively, العَرَبُ: but I think that the most probable derivation is from the old Hebrew word

עְרֶב, meaning “ a mixed people,”

which the Arabs assert themselves to have been, almost from the first; and in favour of this derivation it may be reasonably urged that the old Himyeritic language agrees more in its vocabulary with the Hebrew and Phœnician than it does with the classical and modern Arabic.]

A2: See also عَرَبَةٌ.

A3: And see عَرِبٌ.

A4: [It also app. signifies (assumed tropical:) Vagueness (considered as an unsoundness) in a word; from the same as inf. n. of عَرِبَ used in relation to the stomach &c.:] see 4, latter half.

عَرِبٌ [part. n. of عَرِبَ, q. v.: as such signifying] Having the stomach in a bad, or corrupt, state. (O, K.) And مَعِدَةٌ عَرِبَةٌ A stomach in a bad, or corrupt, state, (S, O, TA,) from being burdened. (TA.) b2: Also, and ↓ عَرَبٌ, (O, K,) the former of which is the more common, (TA,) and ↓ عُرْبُبٌ, (O, K,) Abundant water, (O, K,) such as is clear, or limpid. (K.) And نَهْرٌ عَرِبٌ (TA) and ↓ عَارِبٌ and ↓ عَارِبَةٌ (K) A river containing abundance of water. (K, TA.) And بِئْرٌ عَرِبَةٌ A well containing much water. (K.) b3: عَرِبَةٌ applied to a woman: see عَرُوبٌ, in four places. b4: العَرَبُ العَرِبَةُ and العَرِبَاتُ: see العَرَبُ, first quarter.

عَرْبَةٌ: see عِرَابَةٌ.

عَرَبَةٌ A river that flows with a vehement, or strong, current. (S, O, K.) A2: And i. q. نَفْسٌ [The soul, mind, or self]. (S, O, K.) [It is thought to occur in a pl. sense, without ة, as a coll. gen. n., in the following sense, quoted in the S immediately after the explanation above.] A poet says, (S,) namely, Ibn-Meiyádeh, (O,) لَمَّا أَتَيْتُكَ أَرْجُو فَضْلَ نَائِلِكُمْ

↓ نَفَحْتَنِى نَفَحَةً طَابَتْ لَهَا العَرَبُ [When I came to thee, hoping for the redundance of your bounty, thou gavest me a gift with which the souls were pleased]: (S, O:) thus related by some, and expl. as meaning طَابَتْ لَهَا النُّفُوسُ: but the [approved] relation is, طَارَتْ بِهَا العَرَبُ [(assumed tropical:) which the Arabs made to fly upon the wings of fame], i. e. حَدَّثَتِ العَرَبُ النَّاسَ بِهَا [meaning (assumed tropical:) of which the Arabs talked to the people]. (O.) A3: Also sing. of عَرَبَاتٌ (TA) which is the name of Certain stationary vessels that used to be in the Tigris. (K, TA.) b2: [As meaning A wheel-carriage of any kind (which is commonly called in Egypt عَرَبِيَّة) it is post-classical.]

العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ: see العَرَبُ, first quarter: and see عَرْبَانُ.

عُرْبُبٌ: see عَرِبٌ.

عَرَبِىٌّ; and العَرَبُ العَرَبِيَّةُ: see العَرَبُ, first quarter. b2: لَا تَنْقُشُوا فِى خَوَاتِيمِكُمْ عَرَبِيًّا, (Mgh, O, K, TA,) in a trad., or, as some relate it, ↓ العَرَبِيَّةَ, (TA,) means Engrave not on your signets مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ; (Mgh, O, K, TA;) because this was engraved on the Prophet's own signet: (O, TA:) as though he had said, نَبِيًّا عَرَبِيًّا [an Arabian prophet]; meaning himself. (O, K, TA.) Omar said, ↓ لَا تَنْقُشُوا فِى خَوَاتِيمِكُمُ العَرَبِيَّةَ [Engrave not on your signets Arabic]: and Ibn-'Omar disapproved of engraving on a signet words from the Kur-án. (Mgh, * O, TA.) [عَرَبِىُّ الوَجْهِ often occurs in post-classical works as meaning Having an Arab face; i. e. long-faced; opposed to تُرْكِىُّ الوَجْهِ.] b3: See also عِرَابٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A white barley, the ears of which are bifurcate [so I render, agreeably with the TK, سُنْبُلُهُ حَرْفَانِ]: (K, TA:) it is wide, and its grain is large, larger than the grain of the barley of El-'Irak, and it is the best of barley. (TA.) العَرَبِيَّةُ The Arabic language; (S, TA;) the language of the Kur-án. (Msb.) Katádeh says that the tribe of Kureysh used to cull, or select, what was most excellent in the dialects of the Arabs, [in the doing of which they were aided by the confluence of pilgrims from all parts of the country,] so that their dialect became the most excellent of all, and the Kur-án was therefore revealed in that dialect. (TA.) See also عَرَبِىٌّ, in two places. b2: And see عُرُوبَةٌ.

عَرْبَانُ [written in the TA without any syll. signs, but it is app. thus, fem. عَرْبَآءُ (like حَيْرَآءُ fem. of حَيْرَانُ), whence, probably, the appellation ↓ العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ,] A man chaste, uncorrupt, or free from barbarousness, in speech: so in the Towsheeh. (TA.) [See also عَرِيبٌ.]

عُرْبَانٌ and عُرُبَّانٌ: see what next follows.

عَرَبُونٌ and عُرْبُونٌ and ↓ عُرْبَانٌ (Mgh, * O, Msb, K) and ↓ عُرُبَّانٌ, mentioned on the authority of Ibn-Es-Seed, as of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and عَرْبُونٌ, mentioned by AHei, but this last is a vulgar word, and is disallowed by Lb; (TA;) as also أَرَبُونٌ and أُرْبُونٌ and أُرْبَانٌ; (Mgh, * Msb, K;) [An earnest, or earnest-money;] a portion of the price, whereby a bargain is ratified; (K, TA;) a thing that is paid by the purchaser of a commodity, (Mgh, O, Msb,) or by the hirer of a thing, (Msb,) on the condition that if the sale (Mgh, O, Msb) or hire (Msb) have effect, it shall be reckoned as part of the price, and otherwise shall not be reclaimed; (Mgh, O, Msb;) called by the vulgar رَبُون: (O:) it is forbidden in a trad., (Mgh, O, TA,) and by most of the lawyers, but allowed by some: (TA:) عربون is said by As to be a foreign word arabicized, (Msb,) and so say many authors; though it is said by some of the expositors of the Fs to be from التَّعْرِيبُ signifying “ the making clear, plain,” &c.; اربون being also derived from أُرْبَةٌ signifying “ a knot: ” (TA:) and [it is said that] the ن in عربون and عربان may be augmentative or radical, because one says أَعْرَبَ فِى كَذَا and عَرْبَنَ. (O.) b2: [Hence,] أَلْقَى عَرَبُونَهُ (assumed tropical:) He ejected his excrement, or ordure. (O, K, TA.) عِرْبِيَآءُ: see عَرُوبَآءُ.

عَرَابٌ The fruit of the species of tree called خَزَم [q. v.], of the bark of which [tree] ropes are made: (O, K, TA:) [beads which are used in prayer are made thereof, (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees,) i. e., of the berries thus called, and] it [the fruit] is eaten by the apes, or monkeys, and sometimes, in a case of hunger, by men: n. un. with ة. (O, TA.) خَيْلٌ عِرَابٌ Horses of pure Arabian race; (Mgh, K;) opposed to بَرَاذِينُ; (S, O, Msb;) also termed ↓ أَعْرُبٌ and ↓ مُعْرِبَةٌ, (K,) which last [erroneously written in the CK مَعْرِبَةٌ] is fem. of مُعْرِبٌ, signifying a horse having no strain of admixture of other than Arabian blood: (Ks, S, O:) one of such horses is [also] termed ↓ عَرَبِىٌّ: (Mgh, Msb:) by the pl. عِرَابٌ, they distinguish beasts from human beings. (Mgh.) b2: And إِبِلٌ عِرَابٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ أَعْرُبٌ (TA) Camels of pure Arabian race: (K;) opposed to بَخَاتِىٌّ. (S, O, Msb.) b3: And بَقَرٌ عِرَابٌ A goodly sort of oxen, of generous race, with short and fine hair, smooth, or sleek, (Msb,) having even backs, and thick hoofs and hides: one of which is termed ↓ عَرَبِىٌّ. (TA voce دَرَبَانِيَّةٌ.) عَرُوبٌ A woman who manifests love to her husband; (IAar, S, O, K, TA;) and is obedient to him; (IAar, TA;) as also ↓ عَرُوبَةٌ: (TA:) and (so in the O and TA, but in the CK “ or ”) a woman disobedient to her husband; (IAar, O, K, TA;) unfaithful to him by unchastity; corrupt in her mind: (IAar, O, TA:) as though having two contr. meanings; [the latter meaning] from عَرْب [a mistranscription for عَرَب] signifying

“ corruptness ” of the stomach: (O:) or who loves him passionately, or excessively: or who manifests love to him, evincing passionate, or excessive, desire: [lit., evincing that; meaning what is expressed by the words immediately preceding it; for otherwise this last explanation would be the same as the first; and as I have rendered it, it is nearly the same as an explanation in the Expos. of the Jel (lvi. 36), manifesting love to her husband, by reason of passionate, or excessive, desire:] (K:) and (so in the TA, but in the CK “ or ”) a woman who is a great laugher: and ↓ عَرُوبَةٌ and ↓ عَرِبَةٌ signify the same: (K:) the pl. of the first is عُرُبٌ (S, O, K) and عُرْبٌ; (TA;) and the pl. of ↓ عَرِبَةٌ is عَرِبَاتٌ: (K:) IAth says that ↓ عَرِبَةٌ signifies a woman who is eager for play, or sport: and عُرُبٌ, he adds, is pl. of ↓ عَرِيبٌ, which signifies a woman of goodly person, who manifests love to her husband: and it is also said that عُرُبٌ signifies women who use amorous gesture or behaviour, and coquettish boldness, with feigned coyness or opposition: or who make a show of, or act with, lasciviousness: or passionately loving: and ↓ عَرِبَةٌ and عَرُوبٌ, accord. to Lh, signify a woman passionately loving, and lascivious. (TA.) عَرِيبٌ i. q. ↓ مُعْرِبٌ, which means, accord. to Az, A man chaste, uncorrupt, or free from barbarousness, in speech. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَا بِالدَّارِ عَرِيبٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مُعْرِبٌ (K) (assumed tropical:) There is not in the house any one: (S, O, K:) used [in this sense] as applying to either sex, but only in a negative phrase. (TA.) b3: See also عَرُوبٌ, latter half.

العُرَيْبُ: see العَرَبُ (of which it is the dim.), second sentence.

عَرَابَةٌ: see عِرَابَةٌ. b2: Also Coïtus. (TA.) A2: And A bag with which the udder of a sheep, or goat, is covered: pl. عَرَابَاتٌ. (IAar, O, K.) عِرَابَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ عَرَابَةٌ (O, TA) and ↓ عَرْبَةٌ (O) or ↓ عَرْبٌ (TA) Foul, or obscene, speech or talk; (S, O, K, TA;) like إِعْرَابٌ and تَعْرِيبٌ. (K.) عَرُوبَةٌ: see عَرُوبٌ, in two places.

A2: عَرُوبَةُ (O, K) and العَرُوبَةُ (K) and (O) يَوْمُ العَرُوبَةِ (S, O) Friday; (S, O, K;) and ancient name of that day (S, O, TA) in the Time of Ignorance: (TA:) accord. to some, it is most chastely without the article; (TA;) thus it occurs in old poetry of the Time of Ignorance; (O;) and it is thought to be not Arabic; (TA;) and said to be arabicized from the Nabathæan أَرُبَا: (Har p. 340, q. v.:) accord. to others, the article is inseparable from it; and its meaning, accord. to Ibn-En-Nahhás is the manifest and magnified, from أَعْرَبَ “ he made clear, plain,” &c.; or accord. to an authority cited in the R, its meaning is mercy. (TA.) [See art. ابجد.]

عُرُوبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ عُرُوبِيَّةٌ (K) The quality of being Arabian: (S, K, TA:) each [said to be] an inf. n. having no verb. (TA. [But see عَرُبَ at the commencement of this art. and under أَعْرَبَ.]) And ↓ عَرَبِيَّةٌ is used [in the same sense] as denoting the quality of a horse such as is termed عَرَبِىٌّ. (TA.) عَرُوبَآءُ a name of The seventh heaven: (IAth, K, TA:) or, accord. to Sub, it is ↓ عِرْبِيَآءُ, corresponding to جِرْبِيَآءُ, which is a name of “ the seventh earth; ” (TA in this art.;) or these two words are with the article ال. (TA in art. جرب.) عُرُوبِيَّةٌ: see عُرُوبَةٌ.

عَرَّابٌ One who makes عَرَابَات (pl. of عَرَابَةٌ) i. e. bags to cover the udders of sheep or goats. (IAar, O, K.) عَرَبْرَبٌ i. q. سُمَّاقٌ [i. e. Sumach]. (O, TA.) قِدْرٌ عَرَبْرَبِيَّةٌ i. q. سُمَّاقِيَّةٌ [app. meaning A cooking-pot in which food prepared with sumach is cooked]. (O.) عَارِبٌ and عَارِبَةٌ: see عَرِبٌ. b2: العَرَبُ العَارِبَةُ: see العَرَبُ, in two places.

أَعْرَبُ More, or most, distinct or plain [&c.]. (TA.) الأَعْرُبُ is a pl. of العَرَبُ [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: See also عِرَابٌ, in two places.

الأَعْرَابُ: see العَرَبُ, latter half.

أَعْرَابِىٌّ: see العَرَبُ, latter half.

مُعْرِبٌ: see عَرِيبٌ, in two places: b2: and see عِرَابٌ. b3: Also One who has horses of pure Arabian race: (S, O:) one who has with him a horse of such race: and one who possesses, or acquires, or seeks to acquire, horses, or camels, of such race. (TA.) اسْمٌ مُعَرَّبٌ [An arabicized noun;] a noun received by the Arabs from foreigners, indeterminate, [i. e. significant of a meaning, (as is said in the Mz, 19th نوع,)], such as إِبْرِيسَم [meaning “ silk ”], and, if possible, accorded to some one of the forms of Arabic words; otherwise, spoken by them as they received it; and sometimes they derived from it: but if they received it as a proper name, it is not termed مُعَرَّبٌ, but أَعْجَمِىٌّ, like إِبْرَاهِيمُ and إِسْحَاقُ. (Msb.) [مُعَرَّبٌ alone is also used in this sense, as a subst: and as such its pl. is مُعَرَّبَاتٌ: thus in the Mz, ubi suprà; and often in lexicons &c.]

العَرَبُ المُتَعَرِّبَةُ and see العَرَبُ, each in three places.

العَرَبُ المُسْتَعْرِبَةُ: see العَرَبُ, each in three places.

عصب

1 عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) He twisted [a thing], or wound [it] round: (A, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and he folded [it]; (A, K;) or he folded [it] tightly: (S, O, TA:) and he bound [it], or tied [it]: (A, Mgh, K, TA:) عَصْبٌ denotes the binding, or tying, a thing with another thing, lengthwise, or [more commonly] around. (O.) See also 2, first sentence. [And see مَعْصُوبٌ.] b2: He twisted, or spun, thread. (K, * TA.) And He put together thread, and bound it, previously to dyeing it. (TA.) b3: عَصَبَ الكَبْشَ, (S, O, Msb, K, *] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) He bound, or tied, (tightly, TA) the testicles of the ram, in order that they might fall, without his extracting them: (S, O, Msb, K:) and in like manner one says of a goat, (K,) and of other beasts. (TA.) b4: عَصَبَ النَّاقَةَ, (O, Msb, K, *) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, K, TA,) and عِصَابٌ also; (TA;) and ↓ اعتصبها; (O, K;) He bound the thighs of the she-camel, (Msb, K, TA,) or the lower parts of her nostrils, (TA,) with a cord, (Msb, TA,) in order that she might yield her milk copiously: (Msb, K, TA:) and (O) عَصَبَ فَخِذَ النَّاقَةِ [He bound the thigh of the she-camel] for that purpose. (S, O.) [See عَصُوبٌ.] Hence one says, أَعْطَى عَلَى العَصْبِ (tropical:) He gave by means of force. (TA.) And مِثْلِى لَا يَدِرُّ بِالعِصَابِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one as I am will not give by means of force. (A, TA.) b5: عَصَبَتْ فَرْجَهَا She (a woman) bound her vulva with a bandage. (Msb.) b6: عَصَبَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (K,) He drew together the branches of the tree (S, O, K, TA) that were straggling, (K, TA,) by means of a rope, (TA,) and then beat it, (S, O, K, TA,) in order that its leaves might fall. (S, O, TA.) [Golius assigns this signification also to عَصَّبَ, as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it.] El-Hajjáj said, (S, TA,) when preaching to the people at El-Koofeh, (TA,) لَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصْبَ السَّلَمِ (S) or السَّلَمَةِ (TA) [I will assuredly draw you together and beat you as one does the selem or the selemeh]. The سَلَمَة is a tree of the kind called عِضَاه, having thorns, and its leaves are the قَرَظ with which hides are tanned: [but see قَرَظٌ:] the removal of the leaves with the hand being difficult on account of the many thorns, its branches are drawn together and bound tightly with a rope; then the beater pulls them towards him, and beats them with his staff; whereupon the leaves become scattered for the cattle and for him who desires to gather them. (TA.) Or this is done, (S, O, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) only (TA) when they desire to cut down the selemeh, that they may get at the stock. (S, O, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا تُعْصَبُ سَلَمَاتُهُ [Such a one will not have his selemehs bound round with a rope, and beaten]: a prov., applied to a strong, mighty man, not to be subdued nor abased. (A, * TA.) And one says also of winds, تَعْصِبُ الشَّجَرَ عِنْدَ دُرُوجِهَا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [They compress the branches of the trees, as though they bound them round, in their passage among them]: and such winds are termed ↓ عَصَائِبُ. (O.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, or event,) drew the people together, and became severe to them. (Az, TA.) b7: عَصَبَ صَدْعَ الزُجَاجَةِ بِضَبَّةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ He (a smith) repaired the crack of the glass vessel by putting round it a band of silver. (O, TA.) b8: عَصَبَ بِرَأْسِ قَوْمِهِ العَارَ (assumed tropical:) He made disgrace to befall his people [as though he bound it upon the head of their chief or upon the head of each of them]. (O.) It is related in a trad. respecting the battle of Bedr, that 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah said, اِرْجِعُوا وَلَا تُقَاتِلُوا وَاعْصِبُوهَا بِرَأْسِى (assumed tropical:) [Return ye, and fight not; and bind it upon my head]; meaning attach and attribute to me the disgrace that will befall you for relinquishing the battle and inclining to peace. (IAth, TA.) And it is said in another trad., قُومُوا بِمَا عَصَبَكُمْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) Fulfil ye the obligations with which He (meaning God) has bound you; or which He has imposed upon you and attached to you; by his commands and prohibitions. (TA.) b9: عَصَبَ الشَّىْءَ and عَلَى

الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عِصَابٌ, He grasped the thing with his hand. (K, * TA.) A poet, cited by IAar, says, وَكُنَّا يَا قُرَيْشُ إِذَا عَصَبْنَا يَجِىْءُ عِصَابُنَا بِدَمٍ عَبِيطِ [And we were, O Kureysh, when we grasped our opponents, such that our grasping brought fresh blood]; عِصَابُنَا meaning our grasping those whom we opposed with the swords. (TA.) b10: and عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, He clung, or kept, to a thing. (K.) One says, عَصَبَ المَآءَ He kept to, or by, the water. (IAar, TA.) And عَصَبَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ The man remained, or stayed, in his house, or tent, not quitting it. (O, TA.) b11: And He went round, encompassed, or surrounded, a thing. (K.) It is said in a trad., of the angel Gabriel, on the day of Bedr, قَدْ عَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ الغُبَارُ The dust had overspread, [or surrounded,] and clung to, his head: or, as some relate it, قَدْ عَصَمَ ثَنِيَّتَيْهِ الغُبَارُ; and if this be not a mistake, the latter verb is syn. with the former: ب and م being often interchangeable: (L, TA:) the latter phrase means, as also with عَصَبَ, the dust had stuck to his two central incisors. (TA in art. عصم.) And Ibn Ahmar says, إِذْ عَصَبَ النَّاسَ شَمَالٌ وَقُرٌ [وَقُرْ being for وَقُرٌّ] i. e. When north wind and cold environ me. (L, TA.) And one says also, عَصَبَ الغُبَارُ بِالجَبَلِ The dust encompassed, or surrounded, the mountain. (L, TA.) And عَصَبُوا بِهِ They encompassed, or surrounded, him: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA:) and they encompassed, or surrounded, him, looking at him: (S, O:) and, (Msb, K,) as also عَصِبُوا, (K,) aor. of the former عَصِبَ, (Msb, K,) and inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and aor. of the latter عَصَبَ, (K,) they assembled around him (Msb, K) for fight or defence. (Msb. For another explanation of عَصَبَ and عَصِبَ, see 12.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمُ بِالنَّسَبِ i. q. أَحَاطُوا بِهِ [app. meaning The people, or party, included, or comprehended, the relations, or kinsmen; for النَّسَبُ is often used for ذَوُو النَّسَبِ]. (Msb.) and عَصَبَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالمَآءِ The camels surrounded, or encircled, the water. (S, O.) b12: عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ بِفِيهِ, (S, O, K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ; (K, TA;) and عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ (TA;) The saliva became dry in his mouth. (S, O, K, * TA.) And عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ فَاهُ (S, O, TA) The saliva by its drying made his mouth dry: and the saliva adhered to his mouth. (TA.) Aboo-Mohammad El-Fak'asee says, يَعْصِبُ فَاهُ الرِّيقُ أَىَّ عَصْبِ عَصْبَ الجُبَابِ بِشَفَاهِ الوَطْبِ

[The saliva makes his mouth dry, with what a drying ! as the drying of the spume of camels' milk on the lips of the skin]. (S, O.) and عَصَبَ فُوهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, His mouth, with his saliva, became dry. (O.) And عَصَبَ الفَمُ, (K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عُصُوبٌ, meaning [The mouth, or teeth, (the latter accord. to the explanation in the K,)] became foul, or dirty, from dust and the like, (K, TA,) as from vehement thirst, or fear. (TA.) b13: عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عُصُوبٌ, He was, or became, [hungry; or] very hungry; or his bowels were almost dried up with hunger: because it is said of the practice of a hungry man's binding round his belly, as expl. voce مَعْصُوبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b14: عَصَبَ الأُفُقُ The horizon became red. (S, O. [In Freytag's Lex. عَصِبَ, as from the K, in which I do not find it. See عَصْبٌ.]) A2: عَصِبَ, (S, O, K,) with kesr, (S, O,) like فَرِحَ, (K,) said of flesh, or flesh-meat, It had many عَصَبَ [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (S, O, K.) b2: And عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, [so in the TA, and so in a verse there cited, not عَصَبٌ,] He was, or became, firm and compact in flesh. (TA.) b3: [Other meanings of this verb have been mentioned above.]2 عصّب, (S, A, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَعْصِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) [He bound, or wound round, a thing with several circumvolutions:] he bound [or wound round] a man's head with a turban, fillet, bandage, or the like; (S, * O, * Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ عَصَبَ, inf. n. عَصْبٌ: (MA:) and he bound a broken limb, or a wound, with a piece of rag or a bandage. (L, TA.) He turbaned a man; attired him with a turban. (A, TA.) b2: Hence, (A, O,) تَعْصِيبٌ signifies (tropical:) [The crowning a man: (see the pass. part. n.:)] the making a man a chief: (A, O, K, TA:) for turbans are the crowns of the Arabs: (O:) when a man's people made him a chief, they bound his head with a turban: (A, TA:) as kings wore crowns, so the chiefs of the Arabs wore red turbans: (L, TA:) there were brought to the desert, from Haráh (هَرَاة), red turbans, which the nobles among the Arabs wore. (Az, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] عصّبهُ بِالسَّيْفِ i. q. عَمَّمَهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or wounded, him in the place of the turban, with the sword]. (A, TA.) b4: And عصّبهُ, inf. n. as above, He, or it, [caused him to bind his waist by reason of hunger: (see the pass. part. n.:) and hence,] made him to hunger: (K:) and عَصَّبَتْهُمُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, made them to hunger: (TA:) or عصّبتهُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, ate up his property, or cattle. (A 'Obeyd, S, O.) And It [i. e. drought or the like] destroyed him: (K:) and عصّب الدَّهْرُ مَالَهُ Adverse fortune destroyed his cattle, or camels &c. (TA.) b5: And He called him مُعَصَّب [meaning poor]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., يُدْعَى المُعَصَّبَ مَنْ قَلَّتْ حَلُوبَتُهُ وَهَلْ يُعَصَّبُ مَاضِى الهَمِّ مِقْدَامُ [He is called the poor, whose milch-cattle have become few: but should one whose purpose is effectual, one of great boldness, be called poor?]. (TA.) b6: الذَّكَرُ يُعَصِّبُ الأُنْثَى means The male makes the female to be such as is termed عَصَبَةٌ [by his being consociated with her as such]. (Mgh.) 4 أَعْصَبَ see 12. b2: [Golius explains this v. as meaning “ Firmiter religavit: ” or, as a trans. v. governing an accus., “constringi jussit: ” as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it in any sense.]5 تعصّب i. q. شَدَّ العِصَابَةَ [i. e. He bound the turban, or fillet, round his (own) head; a meaning well known, whence that explained in the next sentence: (see also 8:) and he bound a bandage of some kind round his (own) body, by reason of hunger: see مُعَصَّبٌ]. (S, O, Msb, * K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He was made a chief; quasi-pass. of 2 [q. v.]. (L, TA.) b3: And it has also another signification, from العَصَبِيَّة; (S, O;) [i. e.] it signifies also أَتَى بِالعَصَبِيَّةِ; (K, TA;) which means [He aided his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or he was angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defended them: (see عَصَبِىٌّ and عَصَبِيَّةٌ:) or] he invited, or summoned, others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who acted towards them with hostility, whether they were wrongdoers or wronged. (TA.) And you say, تَعَصَّبُوا عَلَيْهِمْ They leagued, or collected themselves, together against them: and تَعَصَّبْنَا لَهُ, and مَعَهُ, We [leagued together for him, and with him, and] defended him. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 445-6; where it is shown that التَّعَصُّبُ in religion means The being zealous, or a zealot: and see Har pp.423 and 573.] b4: And تعصّب بِالشَّىْءِ He was, or became, content with the thing; as also ↓ اعتصب.

بِهِ. (K.) 7 انعصب i. q. اِشْتَدَّ [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context (both before and after) in the S, It was, or became, hard, firm, or strong]. (S, O, K.) 8 اعتصب بِالعِمَامَةِ [He attired himself, or surrounded his head, with the turban], and بِالتَّاجِ [with the crown]. (S, O.) And اعتصب التَّاجَ عَلَى

رَأْسِهِ He encircled his [own] head with the crown. (Az, TA.) b2: اعتصب النَّاقَةَ: see 1, in the middle of the first quarter. b3: اعتصبوا They became formed, or collected, into companies such as those whereof one is called عُصْبَة: (K:) or, into one of such companies. (M, L, TA.) [See also 12.] b4: اعتصب بِهِ: see 5, last sentence.12 اِعْصَوْصَبَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, collected themselves together: (TA:) or did so, and became companies such as are called عَصَائِب, (S, O, TA,) and became one of such companies: [see also 8; and see عُصْبَةٌ:] and in like manner, [did so, and] strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) And اعصوصبت الإِبِلُ The camels strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace; as also ↓ اعصبت: and collected themselves together; (K;) [and] so ↓ عَصَبَت and ↓ عَصِبَت: (Fr, S, O:) or collected themselves together so as to become one عِصَابَة, and strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) b2: اعصوصب is also said of a day, [app. in relation to heat,] meaning It was, or became, vehement, or severe: (S, O:) and of evil, meaning it was, or became, vehement, or severe, (K, TA,) and concentrated. (TA.) عَصْبٌ: see عِصَابَةٌ, in two places. b2: And see also عُصْبٌ. b3: Also A particular sort of the garments called بُرُود, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen; (S, Mgh, O;) a بُرْد of which the yarn is dyed, and then woven; (Msb;) or of which the yarn is put together and bound, then dyed, and then woven; (A, Mgh, TA; *) not of the sort called بُرُودُ الرَّقْمِ: (TA:) it has no pl., (Nh, Msb, TA,) nor dual: (Msb:) you say بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, TA) and بُرُودُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, Msb, TA) and يُرْدَا عَصْبٍ, (Msb,) and also يُرْدٌ عَصْبٌ and بُرُودٌ عَصْبٌ, (Nh, TA,) and ثَوْبٌ, عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and أَرْدِيَةُ العَصْبِ; (A, TA;) and sometimes they say عَصْبٌ alone, the بُرْد being known by this name: (TA:) or garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen, the yarn of which is put together and bound, and then dyed, and woven, so that they become partycoloured, because what has been bound thereof remains white, the dye not having taken it; and such garments a woman in the period termed عِدَّة [q. v.] is allowed to wear, but not garments that are [wholly] dyed: or striped garments of the kind called بُرُود: and what is forbidden in that case is a garment that has been dyed after it has been woven; or what are forbidden are the عَصْب of El-Yemen, which are said to have been dyed with urine; so in the L &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to Sub, garments of the kind called بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen; so called because they are dyed with عَصْب, which grows only in El-Yemen; [he says that العَصْبُ is a certain dyed that does not grow but in El-Yemen; (Msb;)] but in this he opposes the generality of authorities; for they agree in stating that the garments in question are thus called from العَصْبُ, “the act of binding,” because the yarn is bound in order that the dye may not pervade the whole of the بُرْد. (MF, TA.) b4: Hence, (assumed tropical:) Clouds like such as are termed لَطْخ [q. v.]: (S, O:) or red clouds or mist (K, TA) seen in the western horizon (TA) in a time of drought, or sterility; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ, (K, TA,) pl. عَصَائِبُ. (TA.) A2: In a trad., mention occurs of a necklace made of عَصْب: ElKhattábee says, if it do not mean the garments of El-Yemen, I know not what it is; yet I see not how a necklace can be made of these: Aboo-Moosà thinks it may be عَصَب, meaning the tendons of joints, as they may have taken the tendons of certain clean animals, and cut them in pieces, and made them like beads, and, when dry, made neck laces of them; but he adds his having been told by some of the people of El-Yemen that عَصْبٌ is the name of A certain beast of the sea, or of the great river, called also فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ [i. e. Pharaoh's horse, perhaps meaning the hippopotamus], of which [meaning of the teeth or bones of which] beads and other things, as the handles of knives &c., are made, and which is white. (L, TA.) A3: And Saliva that sticks and dries in the mouth: whence the saying, لَفَظَ فُلَانٌ عَصْبَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one died. (T and TA in art. لفظ.) A4: And A light, or an active, and sharp-headed, boy, or young man; (IAar, TA;) [and] so عَضْبٌ. (IAar, TA in art. عضب.) عُصْبٌ and ↓ عَصْبٌ and ↓ عَصَبٌ (K, TA) Certain trees that twine round other trees, having weak leaves; (TA;) the kind of tree called لَبْلَاب [dolichos lablab of Linn.]; (K;) said by Sh to be a kind of plant that twines round trees, i. q. لَبْلَابٌ: [coll. gen. ns.:] the ns. un. are عُصْبَةٌ and عَصْبَةٌ and عَصَبَةٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-lJarráh, (O, TA,) عَصْبَةٌ signifies a certain thing [app. meaning plant] that twines about a قَنَادَة [or tragacanth], (O, K, TA,) thus, correctly, in many copies of the K, but in some فَتَاة, and in some قَنَاة, both of which are wrong, though some assert the latter to be correct, (TA,) not to be pulled off from it but with an effort: (O, K, TA:) [see عِطْفَةٌ:] one says of a man strong in struggling for the mastery, قَتَادَةٌ لُوِيَتْ بِعُصْبَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [A tragacanth twined about by a lebláb; the strong man being app. likened to a tragacanth, and his antagonist to a lebláb]: (TA:) and in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-El-'Owwám, he is related to have said, عَلِقْتُهُمْ إِنِّى خُلِقْتُ عُصْبَهْ قَتَادَةً تَعَلَّقَتْ بِنُشْبَهْ (O, TA:) he puts عصبه for علقه, [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for عَلِقًا, (see نُشْبَةٌ, in its proper art., for a confirmation,)] the meaning being خلقت علقة لخصومى [in which for علقة I read عَلِقًا]; then he likens himself to a tragacanth in respect of his excessive tenaciousness; for بنشبه means “ by the help of a thing of great tenaciousness: ” [or نشبه may be here an inf. n., i. e. of نَشِبَ: the meaning of the verse may therefore be, I clung to them: verily I have been created a grasper, and a tragacanth that has clung by means of a strong holdfast, or that has clung with great tenaciousness:] (TA:) Sh explains عُصْبَة (O, TA) with damm on the authority of Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn], and عَصْبَة with fet-h on the authority of AA, (O,) as meaning a certain plant that twines about a tree, and is called لَبْلَاب; and نُشْبَة as meaning a man who, when he sports with a thing (عَبِثَ بِشَىْءٍ [but probably the right reading is شَبِثَ بشىء or تَشَبَّثَ i. e. clings to a thing]), hardly, or never, quits it. (O, TA.) عَصَبٌ [The sinews, or tendons; though the following explanation seems rather to denote the ligaments;] the أَطْنَاب of the joints, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which connect and bind together the structure thereof, in man and in others, such as the ox-kind, and sheep or goats, and gazelles, and ostriches; so says AHn; (TA;) i. q. عَقَبٌ: (S and K &c. in art. عقب:) or such as are yellow of the اطناب (Mgh, Msb) of the joints; the عَقَب being the white: (Mgh:) [it is also used as meaning ligaments: (see an ex. of its n. un. in an explanation of الصَّدَفَتَانِ, voce صَدَفٌ:) and sometimes it means nerves: (see a usage of its pl. voce صَرْعٌ:) it is a coll. gen. n.:] the n. un. is with ة: (S, O, TA:) and the pl. is أَعْصَابٌ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The best (in a pl. sense) of a people or party. (K.) b3: See also عُصْبٌ.

عَصِبٌ Flesh, or flesh-meat, having many عَصَب [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (TA.) عَصْبَةٌ n. un. of عَصْبٌ as syn. with عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عُصْبَةٌ n. un. of عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: and A party, or company, of men (Az, S, O, Msb) who league together to defend one another; (O; [See also عَصَبَةٌ;]) in number from ten to forty; (Az, S, O, Msb;) or, about ten: (IF, Msb:) or accord. to Akh, a company [of men]; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ; having no sing.: (O:) or ↓ the latter, (S, O, Msb,) or each, (K,) signifies a company, or an assemblage, of men, and of horses, (S, O, Msb, K,) or of horses with their riders, (TA,) and of birds, (S, O, Msb, K,) and of other things, (TA,) in number from ten to forty, (K, TA,) or the former from three to ten, or consisting of forty, or of seventy, but said to be originally applied to an unlimited number: its pl. is عُصَبٌ: (IAth, Msb, TA:) and the pl. of ↓ عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (S, O, Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee that the أَبْدَال are in Syria; and the نُجَبَآء, in Egypt; and the ↓ عَصَائِب, in El-'Irák; meaning, by the last, Companies assembled for wars: or a company of devotees, because coupled with the ابدال and the نجباء. (TA.) عِصْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of binding, or winding round, one's head with a turban or the like. (L, TA.) عَصَبَةٌ n. un. of عَصَبٌ. (S, &c. [See the latter word in the paragraph headed by it and also voce عُصْبٌ.]) b2: Also A man's people, or party, who league together for his defence: (K, TA: [see also عُصْبَةٌ:]) thus accord. to the leading lexicologists. (TA.) b3: And The heirs of a man who has left neither parent nor offspring: and [particularly], with respect to the [portions of inheritances termed] فَرَائِض [pl. of فَرِيضَةٌ q. v.], all such as have not a فَرِيضَة named, and who receive if there remain anything after [the distribution of] the فَرَائِض: (K, TA:) thus accord. to those who treat of the فرائض, and accord. to the [other] lawyers: (TA:) or the relations by the side of the males: this is the meaning of what is said by the leading lexicologists: (Msb:) or, as is said by Az, a man's heirs consisting of male relations: (Msb, TA:) or his sons, and relations on the father's side: (S:) so called because they encompass him; the father being a طَرَف [i. e. an extremity in the right line], and so the son, and the paternal uncle being a جَانِب [i. e. a collateral relation], and so the brother: (Az, S, TA:) or a man's relations on the father's side; (Mgh, TA;) because they encompass him and he is strengthened by them: (TA:) afterwards it became applied to a single person as well as to a pl. number, and both a male and a female: (Mgh:) or the lawyers apply it to a single person when there is no other than he, because he stands in the place of the collective number in receiving the whole of the property; and in the language of the law it is applied to a female in certain cases relating to emancipation and inheritances, but not otherwise either in the proper language or in the language of the law: (Msb:) and ↓ عُصُوبَةٌ is used as its inf. n. [meaning the state of being persons, or a person, to whom the term عَصَبَةٌ is applied]: (Mgh:) it is said [by Az] in the T, “I have not heard any sing. of عَصَبَةٌ: accord. to analogy it should be عَاصِبٌ, like as طَالِبٌ is sing. of طَلَبَةٌ: ” (TA: [and the like is also said in the Mgh: in the Msb it is said that عَصَبَةٌ is pl. of عَاصِبٌ, like as كَفَرَةٌ is pl. of كَافِرٌ:]) the pl. is عَصَبَاتٌ. (Az, S, TA.) عَصَبِىٌّ One who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or who is angry [or zealous] for the sake of his party, and defends them: [or one who invites others to the aid of his party, or to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or one who leagues with others: or one who defends others: or a partisan; a person of party-spirit; or one zealous in the cause of a party: (see 5, and see the paragraph next following this:)] occurring in a trad. (TA.) عَصَبِيَّةٌ [The quality of him who is termed عَصَبِىٌّ: i. e., of him who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or of him who is angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defends them: or of him who invites others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or of him who leagues with others: or of him who defends others: or partisanship; party-spirit; or zeal in the cause of a party: or (as expl. by De Sacy, Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 411,) a strong attachment, which holds several persons closely united by the same interest or the same opinion: see 5, and see the paragraph next preceding this]. (S, K, TA.) عِصَابٌ A cord with which the thigh of a she-camel is bound in order that she may yield her milk copiously. (S.) b2: See also عِصَابَةٌ, in two places.

عَصُوبٌ A she-camel that will not yield her milk copiously unless her thigh, (S, O,) or thighs, (A, K,) be bound with a cord: (S, A, O, K:) or unless the lower parts of her nostrils be bound with a cord, and she be then urged to rise, and not loosed until she is milked. (Az, TA.) b2: And A woman having little flesh in her posteriors and thighs: or light in the hips, or haunches. (Kr, K.) عَصِيبٌ Lights [of an animal] bound round with guts, and then roasted, or broiled: (S, O, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْصِبَةٌ (K) and [of mult.] عُصُبٌ. (S, O, K.) And Such as are twisted, of the guts of a sheep or goat. (TA.) And its pl. عُصُبٌ, Guts of a sheep or goat, folded, and put together, and then put into one of the winding guts of the belly. (L, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ عَصَبْصَبٌ A vehement, or severe, day: (Fr, S, O, K:) or a vehemently-hot day: (Fr, K:) and the former is in like manner applied to a night (لَيْلَة), without ة: (TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also a cold, and very cloudy, day, in which nothing is seen of the sky. (Abu-l- 'Alà, L, TA.) عِصَابَةٌ A thing with which another thing is bound, or wound round; as also ↓ عِصَابٌ (K, TA) and ↓ عَصْبٌ: (L, TA:) or a thing with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA;) and ↓ عِصَابٌ signifies a thing with which a thing other than the head is bound, or wound round; (A, TA;) anything, such as a piece of rag, or a fillet, or bandage, with which a broken limb, or a wound, is bound, is termed thus, i. e. عِصَابٌ: (L, TA:) and عِصَابَةٌ signifies also a turban; syn. عِمَامَةٌ: (A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) or this [in the TA by mistake written عمامة] signifies a small thing that serves as a covering for the head, [such as a kerchief or a fillet,] being wound round it; and what is larger is termed عِمَامَةٌ: ('Ináyeh of Esh-Shiháb, MF, TA:) or whatever is bound, or wound, round the head, whether it be a turban or a kerchief or a piece of rag: (TA, from an explanation of a trad.:) and ↓ عَصْبٌ [likewise] signifies a turban, and anything with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, O:) the pl. of عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (Mgh, TA.) El-Farezdak says, وَرَكْبٌ كَأَنَّ الرِّيحَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُمُ لَهَا سَلَبًا مِنْ جَذْبِهَا بِالعَصَائِبِ [And a company of riders in such a state that it seemed as though the wind desired to take for itself spoil from them, by its dragging away the turbans]: he means that the wind untwisted their turbans by its violence, as though it despoiled them thereof. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A crown. (A, TA.) b3: See also عَصْبٌ, latter half. b4: and see عُصْبَةٌ, in four places. b5: And for the pl. applied to winds, see 1, former half.

عُصُوبَةٌ: see عَصَبَةٌ, near the end.

عَصَبْصَبٌ: see عَصِيبٌ, in two places.

عَصَّابٌ A vender, or spinner, of thread, or yarn; syn. غَزَّالٌ. (AA, S, O.) فُوهُ عَاصِبٌ His mouth is dry from the drying up of the saliva: and رَجُلٌ عَاصِبٌ A man in whose mouth the saliva has dried up. (TA.) مُعَصَّبُ, (S, O, TA,) accord. to the author of the K ↓ مُعَصِّبٌ, like مَحَدِّثٌ, in all its senses there explained, but accord. to others like مُعَظَّمٌ, (TA,) One having his waist bound round in consequence of hunger; (S, O;) one who binds round his body (يَتَعَصَّبُ) with pieces of a garment or of cloth, by reason of hunger; (K, TA;) one who, in consequence of leanness occasioned by hunger, binds round his belly with a stone [placed under the bandage: see مَعْصُوبٌ]: (TA:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, one whose property, or cattle, years of drought, or sterility, have eaten up: (S, O:) [or] it signifies also a poor man. (K, TA.) b2: And Turbaned; attired with a turban; (O, L, TA;) [as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ.] b3: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A chief; (K;) one made a chief. (Az, L, TA. [See 2.]) b4: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) Crowned: (O:) or a crowned king; as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ: (A, TA:) because the crown encircles the head like a turban. (Az, TA.) مُعَصِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَعْصُوبٌ [Twisted, or wound round: and folded, or folded tightly: and bound, or tied: see 1, first sentence. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Firm, or strong, in the compacture of the flesh. (S, O,) You say رَجُلٌ مَعْصُوبُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A man firm, or compact, in respect of make]; (S, A, O;) strongly, or firmly, knit, or compacted; not flabby in flesh. (TA.) And جَارِيَةٌ مَعْصُوبَةٌ, meaning حَسَنَةُ العَصْبِ i. e. مَجْدُولَةُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A girl, or young woman, goodly in respect of compacture; well compacted in respect of make]. (S, O.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A slender, or an elegant, sword. (K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Hungry, having his belly bound round: (A:) or [simply] hungry; in the dial. of Hudheyl: (S, O:) or very hungry: (K:) or one whose bowels are almost dried up by hunger: an epithet said to be applied to a hungry man because he binds round his belly with a stone [within the bandage] on account of his hunger: it is said to have been the custom of any hungry man, among the Arabs, to bind his belly with a bandage, under which he sometimes put a stone. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) A letter (كِتَابٌ); thus called because bound round with a thread, or string: so in the saying, وَرَدَ عَلَىَّ مَعْصُوبٌ [A letter came to me]. (A, TA.) مُعْتَصِبٌ: see مُعَصَّبٌ, in two places.

رَجُلٌ يَعْصُوبٌ, A strong, or sturdy, man. (TA.)

عضب

1 عَضَبَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَضْبٌ, (S, A, O, &c.,) He cut, or cut off, him, or it. (S, A, * Mgh, * O, Msb, K.) مَا لَهُ عَضَبَهُ اللّٰهُ, meaning [What aileth him?] may God cut off (O, TA) his arm and his leg, or his hand and his foot, (O,) or his arms and his legs, or his hands and his feet, is a form of imprecation used by the Arabs. (TA.) And hence, (O,) one says, إِنَّ الحَاجَةَ لَيَعْضِبُهَا طَلَبُهَا قَبْلَ وَقْتِهَا (assumed tropical:) Verily the seeking of the object of want before its time assuredly cuts it off, or precludes it, and mars it: a prov. (O, TA.) And إِنَّكَ لَتَعْضِبُنِى عَنْ حَاجَتِى (assumed tropical:) Verily thou cuttest me off from [the attainment of] the object of my want. (TA.) b2: and [hence] (assumed tropical:) He reviled him; (A, * K;) and (A) so عَضَبَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ. (S, A, O.) b3: And He beat him, or struck him, (O, K,) with a staff, or stick. (O.) b4: And He thrust him, or pierced him, (K,) with a spear. (TK.) [But in the O and TA, عَضَبْتُهُ بِالرُّمْحِ is expl. by the words هُوَ أَنْ تَشْغَلَهُ عَنْهُ; and the meaning app. is, I occupied him so as to divert him with the spear; though this meaning would be expressed more agreeably with usage by saying هو ان يشغله عنه; or rather هو ان تَشْغَلَهُ عَنْكَ, which, I think, is the right reading.] b5: And It (disease, O) rendered him weak, or infirm: (S, O:) and (O) deprived him of the power of motion. (A, * O, K.) You say, عَضَبَتْهُ الزَّمَانَةُ, aor. as above, (O, TA,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) meaning [Disease of long continuance, or want of some one or more of the limbs,] deprived him of the power of motion: and AHeyth says, it [in the O هُوَ (so that it does not refer to الزمانة), and in the TA العضب,] is الشَّلَلُ and الخَبْلُ and العَرَجُ [a state of privation of the power of motion, and unsoundness, and lameness; app. meaning that these are the effects denoted by the phrase عضبته الزمانة]. (O, TA.) b6: See also 4.

A2: عَضَبَ, (O, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (K,) signifies also He returned (O, K) عَلَيْهِ [against him]. (O.) A3: عَضِبَ, said of a ram, (K,) or عَضِبَت, said of a شَاة [i. e. sheep or goat, male or female], (S, O, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَضَبٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He, or she, had the inner [part of the] horn broken: (S, O, Msb, K:) or had one of the horns broken. (S, O, Msb.) b2: العَضَبُ is mostly used in relation to the horn: but sometimes, in relation to the ear: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) one says of a شاة [expl. above], and of a she-camel, عَضِبَت, inf. n. عَضَبٌ, meaning He, or she, had her ear slit, or had a slit ear: (Msb:) [or had half, or a third, of the ear cut off; for] accord. to IAar, العَضَبُ in relation to the ear is when half, or a third, thereof has gone. (O.) A4: عَضُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عُضُوبَةٌ (S, O, K) and عُضُوبٌ, (O, K,) said of a man's tongue, (tropical:) It was, or became, sharp in speech; (S, O, * K, TA;) being likened to a sharp sword. (O.) 3 عاضبهُ i. q. رَادَّهُ [He endeavoured to turn him from, or to, a thing]. (O, K.) 4 اعضب, (Fr, S, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. إِعْضَابٌ; (K;) and ↓ عَضَبَ, (Fr, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَضْبٌ; (K;) He rendered a شَاة [i. e. sheep or goat, male or female], (Fr, S, O, Msb, K,) and a she-camel, (Msb, K,) such as is termed عَضْبَآء. (Fr, S, O, Msb, K.) 7 انعضب It (a horn) became cut, or broken, off. (TA.) عَضْبٌ A sharp sword; (S, O, Msb;) an inf. n. (Msb, TA) used as a subst. [properly so termed], (Msb,) or as an epithet (TA) applied to a sword as meaning sharp: (TA:) or it signifies a sword. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A tongue sharp in speech; (S, TA;) likened to a sharp sword: (TA:) and so applied to a man; (K;) or so عَضْبُ اللِّسَانِ. (O.) b3: And, applied to a boy, or young man, (O, K, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Light-headed: (K:) or light, or active, sharp-headed, light in body; (IAar, O, TA; *) as also عَصْبٌ. (IAar, TA.) b4: and (assumed tropical:) The offspring of the cow when his horn comes forth, (As, O, K, TA,) which is after he is a year old: (As, O, TA:) or, accord. to Et-Táïfee, when his horn is [or can be] laid hold upon: fem. with ة: after that, he is termed جَذَعٌ; then, ثَنِىٌّ; then, رَبَاعٍ; then, سَدَسٌ; then, تَمَمٌ; and when all his teeth are grown, عَمَمٌ. (O, L, TA.) عَضَبٌ inf. n. of عَضِبَ [q. v.]. (S, &c.) b2: Also A fracture in a spear. (TA.) عَضَّابٌ (assumed tropical:) A man who reviles much. (S, A, O.) أَعْضَبُ applied to a ram, and the fem. عَضْبَآءُ applied to a شَاة [i. e. sheep or goat, male or female], Having the inner [part of the] horn (which is called the مُشَاش, Az, S, O) broken: (Az, S, O, Msb, K; and so in the Mgh as applied to a شاة:) or having one of the horns broken. (S, O, Msb.) b2: And the masc. applied to a camel, (Msb, TA,) and the fem. applied to a she-camel (S, O, Msb, K) and to a شاة [expl. above], (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) Having a slit ear. (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) The she-camel of the Prophet, called العَضْبَآء, was not slit-eared; this being only her surname: (S, IAth, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, the fewer number, she was sliteared: (IAth, TA:) or her name was taken from the epithet عضباء applied to a she-camel as meaning “ short in the fore leg. ” (Z, TA.) b3: and the fem. is applied to a horse's ear as meaning Of which more than a fourth part has been cut off. (K.) b4: And, applied to she-camel, Short in the fore-leg; as mentioned above: (Z, TA:) and the masc., (O, K,) applied to a man, (O,) short in the arm. (O, K.) b5: Also the masc., applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Who has no aider against an enemy, (S, O, K,) nor brethren: (O:) and one whose brother has died: or who has no brother, nor any one [beside]. (K.) مَعْضُوبٌ Weak, or infirm. (S, O, K.) and Crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, by disease, or by a protracted disease. (A, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) b2: And مَعْضُوبُ اللِّسَانِ Impotent in tongue; having an impediment in his speech. (TA.)

عبث

1 عَبَثَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, A, * O, K, *) inf. n. عَبْثٌ, (S, O,) He mixed, or mingled, (S, A, O, K,) it. (S, O.) b2: [Hence,] عَبَثَ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (S, O,) He made, or prepared, عَبِيثَة [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or so عَبَثَ عَبِيثَةً; as also ↓ أَعْبَثَهَا. (O.) One says, عَبَثَتِ المَرْأَةُ, meaning The woman poured out what was moist of the [preparation of curd called] أَقِط, when it was cooked, on what was dry thereof, upon the [mat, or cloth, called] مَشَرّ, or مِشَرّ, [the former accord. to the O and a copy of the S, and the latter accord. to another copy of the S,] in order that what was dry thereof might bear [and not suffer to pass through the مشرّ] what was moist. (Aboo-Sá'id El-Kilábee, S, O.) And عَبَثَ الأَقِطَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He dried the اقط in the sun: or he mixed it with clarified butter: and غَبَثَهُ, with غ, is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) A2: عَبِثَ, aor. ـَ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَبَثٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He played, or sported; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and mingled together unprofitable actions; (Mgh;) or and did that in which was no profit; (Msb;) or he played with that which did not concern him and for which he did not care. (TA.) You say, عَبِثَ بِهِ He played, or sported, [or amused himself,] with him, or it; (TA;) and به ↓ تعبّث [which signifies the same]. (Ham p. 710.) b2: And عَبِثَ بِهِ الدَّهْرُ (assumed tropical:) [Fortune made sport with him]; a phrase alluding to the mutability of fortune. (Msb.) b3: and عَبِثَ فِى مَنَامِهِ, occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) He moved his hands, or arms, in his sleep, like him who is pushing away or taking, or giving or receiving. (TA.) 4 أَعْبَثَ see 1, second sentence.5 تَعَبَّثَ see 1, last sentence but two.

عَبَثٌ Play, or sport, (S, O, TA,) in which is no profit to be reckoned, or of which no account is to be made. (TA.) [See also عَبِْثَ, of which it is the inf. n.]

عَبْثَةٌ, with the ب quiescent, A single act of عَبَث [or play, sport, &c.]. (S, O.) عَبِيثٌ: see عَبِثَةٌ. b2: Also, in a certain dial., i. q. مَصْلٌ [q. v.: accord. to ISk, this latter means The fluid that flows from أَقِط when it is cooked]. (L, TA) A2: Also A certain sweet-smelling plant. (O, K.) عَبِيثَةٌ [The preparation of curd called] أَقِط whereof what is moist is poured out, when it is cooked, upon what is dry thereof, and mixed with it: (Aboo-Sá'id El-Kilábee, S, O:) or أَقِطٌ مُعَالَجٌ [i. e. اقط prepared by mixing, or otherwise, app. in the manner described above]: (K: [see also 1, third sentence:]) and أَقِط and سَوِيق [or meal of parched barley or wheat] mixed with clarified butter, and then eaten: (S, O:) or أَقِط mixed with clarified butter: and أَقِط pounded with dates, or with dried dates, and then eaten, and drunk; as also ↓ عَبِيثٌ: (TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S, O,) طَعَام [app. meaning wheat] which is cooked, and in which locusts (جَرَاد) are put: (S, O, K:) and wheat and barley mixed together: so in the saying, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِعَبِيثَةٍ فِى وِعَائِهِ [Such a one came with wheat and barley mixed together in his provision-bag]: pl. عَبَائِثُ. (S, O.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Sheep, or goats, mixed together. (TA.) One says, ظَلَّتِ الغَنَمُ عَبِيثَةً وَاحِدَةً (assumed tropical:) [The sheep, or goats, became one mixed flock or herd]; and so بَكِيلَةً وَاحِدَةً: this is when sheep, or goats, meet others and enter among them and become mixed with them: it is a proverb. (S, O.) b3: And عَبِيثَةُ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) The mixed sorts of men or of the people, (S, O, K, TA,) who are not from one ancestor, and who are congregated from various, or sundry, places. (TA.) b4: And عَبِيثَةٌ signifies also (tropical:) One whose line of ancestors is mixed (AO, S, O, K, TA) and vitiated. (S, O.) عِبِّيثٌ One who plays, or sports, much, or often. (K. [In the O written عَبِيثٌ, but said in the K to be like سِكِّينٌ, perhaps a mistranscription for سِكِّيتٌ.]) عَابِثٌ [as part. n. of عَبِثَ] Playing, or sporting, (Msb, TA,) with that which does not concern him and for which he does not care, (TA,) and doing that in which is no profit. (Msb.) خَصِيفٌ عَوْبَثَانِىٌّ Flour and clarified butter and dates mixed with fresh milk: so it is said to mean in the following verse: إِذَا مَا الخَصِيفُ العَوْبَثَانِىُّ سَآءَنَا تَرَكْنَاهُ وَاخْتَرْنَا السَّدِيفَ المُسَرْهَدَا

[When the mess of flour and clarified butter and dates mixed with fresh milk displeases us, we leave it, and choose the fat camel's hump, or the camel's hump cut in pieces]: (S, O: [see also خَصِيفٌ:]) this verse is by Náshireh Ibn-Málik, replying to El-Mukhabbal, who reproached him for feeding upon milk. (IB, TA.)

عسج

1 عَسَجَ, (K,) aor. ـِ (L, TA,) inf. n. عَسْجٌ (L, TA, and so in some copies of the S, in other copies of the S and in the O عَسَج [which is wrong],) and عَسِيجٌ and عَسَجَانٌ, (O, L, TA,) He [a camel] stretched out his neck in going along [quickly: or went a pace quicker than that termed الذَّمِيل, but not so quick as that termed الوَسْجِ: see وَسَجَ]. (S, O, L, K, TA.) b2: And عَسَجَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَسَجَانٌ, He (a beast) limped, halted, or was slightly lame: so in the M. (TA.) A2: And Arab of the desert said, when the lion was desiring to devour him, and he [the lion] therefore betook himself to a tree [or shrub] of the species termed عَوْسَج, يُبْصِرُنِى لَا أَحْسَبُهْ يَعْسِجُنِى بِالخَوْتَلَهْ meaning يَخْتِلُنِى بِالعَوْسَجَةِ يَحْسَبُنِى لَا أُبْصِرُهُ [He conceals himself, to seize me, by means of the 'owsajeh: thinking that I shall not see him: the transpositions in the verse being app. meant to be understood as occasioned by the terror of the man; for the words of the explanation may be read so as to have the same metre as those of the verse]. (TA.) A3: عَسِجَ المَالُ, [aor. ـَ The camels became diseased from pasturing upon the [shrubs called] عَوْسَج. (O, K, TA.) 9 اعسجّ, inf. n. اِعْسِجَاجٌ, He (an old man) went away bent by reason of age. (O, K.) عَسْجٌ A certain pace, or manner of going, of camels. (TA.) [See 1, first sentence.]

عِسْجَةٌ A portion of the night. (O.) عَاسِجٌ [part. n. of عَسَجَ]. Dhu-r-Rummeh says, describing his she-camel, وَالعِيسُ مِنْ عَاسِجٍ أَوْ وَاسِجٍ خَبَبًا يُنْحَزْنَ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهَا وَهْىَ تَنْسَلِبُ [And the reddish, or yellowish, or dingy, white camels, of a sort that goes the pace termed عَسْج, or of a sort that goes the pace termed وَسْج, with a quick running, are struck with the feet on their sides, but she outstrips]: he means, the camels go swiftly, struck with the feet in their course, but do not overtake my she-camel. (S, O.) عَوْسَجٌ [The lycium, or box-thorn; of several species; but now particularly applied to the lycium Europæum of Linn.: accord. to Sprengel (Hist. rei herb. p. 252, as stated by Freytag), applied to the zizyphus spina Christi, which is the rhamnus spina Christi of Linn.; but this is the سِدْر:] a species of thorn: (S, O, K: *) certain trees of the thorn-kind, (L,) having a round red fruit [or berry] like the carnelian-bead, (O, L,) which is sweet, and is eaten: (O:) or a species of thorntrees having a bitter red fruit in which is acidity, called مُصْعٌ: (Msb:) or certain trees having many thorns, and of several species, whereof is one that produces a red fruit, called مُصْعٌ, in which is acidity: (T:) when it grows large, it is called غَرْقَدٌ: (O, Msb:) and because of the softness of its wood, the women of the Arabs of the desert make of it spindles for spinning wool: (O:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, O, Msb: [in the K, عَوْسَجٌ is termed the pl. of عَوْسَجَةٌ:]) and it is said that the pl. of the n. un. is عَوَاسِجُ: (TA:) ISd says, the genuine عَوْسَج is short between the knots, hard in the wood, small in the leaves, and does not grow large, and this is the best sort: thus says AHn: (L:) some say that it is the عليق [i. e. عُلَّيْق, q. v.]: Dioscorides says, it is a tree that grows in tracts that exude water and produce salt, having erect thorny branches, and leaves somewhat long, overspread with a moist viscous substance: and there is another species, whiter than this: and another species, of which the leaves are blacker than those of the former, and wider, inclining a little to redness, and its branches are long, their length being about five cubits, and having more numerous thorns, and weaker, and less sharp, and its fruit is wide and thin, as though it were in sheaths: and the عوسج has a fruit like the توث [or mulberry], which is eaten: it grows mostly in cold, or cool, countries. (Avicenna [Ibn-Seenà], book ii. p. 232. [In this extract from Dioscorides, in the original, are some unimportant words which I have passed over, including two imperfectly printed, and unintelligible: and what is said in it respecting the fruit I think doubtful, as being inapplicable to the fruit of the box-thorn.]) مِعْسَاجٌ an epithet applied to a camel [app. meaning That stretches out his neck much in going along: or that goes the pace termed عَسْج much or well]. (S, O, K.)