صنع

1 صَنَعَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. صُنْعٌ and صَنْعٌ, He made, wrought, manufactured, fabricated, or constructed, the thing; syn. عَمِلَهُ: (K:) [or he made it, &c., skilfully, or well; for] الصُّنْعُ signifies إِجَادَةُ الفِعْلِ; and every صُنْع is a فِعْل, but every فِعْل is not a صُنْع; and it is not predicated of [irrational] animals [unless tropically, (see أَصْنَعُ,)] nor of inanimate things, like as الفِعْلُ is. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: [Hence,] صَنَعَ signifies also (assumed tropical:) [He fabricated speech or a saying or sentence or the like:] he forged a word; and poetry, عَلَى

فُلَانٍ in the name of such a one. (Mz, 8th نوع.) b3: And صَنَعَ, inf. n. صَنْعٌ [and صُنْعٌ] and صَنِيعٌ, [with the objective complement understood,] He worked, or wrought; he practised, or exercised, an art, a craft, or a manufacture. (MA.) b4: And صَنَعَ إِلَيْهِ مَعْرُوفًا, (S, O, K,) aor. as above, (K,) inf. n. صُنْعٌ, with damm, He did to him a benefit, favour, or kind act: and صَنَعَ بِهِ صَنِيعًا قَبِيحًا he did to him an evil, or a foul, deed: syn. فَعَلَهُ: (S, O, K:) and one says also [in the former of these two senses], عِنْدَهُ صَنِيعَةً ↓ اِصْطَنَعَ; (S, Mgh, K;) syn. اِتَّخَذَهَا; (K;) or أَحْسَــنَ إِلَيْهِ. (Mgh.) The saying مَا صَنَعْتَ وَأَبَاكَ means مَعَ

أَبِيكَ [i. e. What didst thou together with thy father?]. (S.) The saying of the Prophet, إِذَا لَمْ تَسْتَحْىِ فَاصْنَعْ مَا شِئْتَ [If thou be not ashamed, do what thou wilt,] is said to be an instance of an imperative phrase of which the meaning is predicative; i. e. it is as though he said, he who is not ashamed does what he will: (O, L, TA: *) and other explanations of it are mentioned in the O and L: (TA:) [but] this is held by A 'Obeyd to be the right meaning. (L.) In the phrase صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ, in the Kur [xxvii. 90, which may be rendered By the doing of God], صنع is in the accus. case as an inf. n.: but one may read it in the nom. case, meaning ذٰلِكَ to be understood before it. (Zj, O, TA.) One says also, مَا أَحْسَــنَ صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ عِنْدَكَ and صَنِيعَ اللّٰهِ [How good is the doing of God with thee, or at thine abode!]. (K.) b5: And صَنَعْتُ فَرَسِى, inf. n. صَنْعٌ and صَنْعَةٌ, (tropical:) I tended well my horse; or took good care of him; (S, O, K, TA;) supplied him with fodder, and fattened him: and صَنَعَ جَارِيَتَهُ (tropical:) he reared, or nourished, his girl, or young woman: (TA:) and صُنِعَتِ الجَارِيَةُ (tropical:) the girl, or young woman, was treated [or nourished] well, so that she became fat; as also ↓ صُنِّعَت, inf. n. تَصْنِيعٌ: (K, TA:) or you say اِصْنَعِ الفَرَسَ, (so accord. to my MS. copy of the K,) or الفَرَسَ ↓ أَصْنَعَ, (so accord. to other copies of the K, and in the O, [in the CK اُصْنِعَ الفَرَسُ,]) without teshdeed; [which seems to indicate that the right reading is صَنَعَ, agreeably with the reading in my MS. copy of the K which gives the imperative form; though it is stated in the TA that أَصْنَعَ الفَرَسَ is said by IKtt to be a dial. var. of صَنَعَهُ;] (O, K;) and الجَارِيَةَ ↓ صَنَّعَ, with teshdeed, meaning he treated [or nourished] well the girl, or young woman, and fattened her; (O, K; [in my MS. copy of the K صَنِّعِ الجَارِيَةَ;]) because the تصنيع of the girl, or young woman, is by means of many things, and by careful tending: (O, K:) so says Lth: (O:) but Az says that by other, or others, than Lth, it is allowed to say صَنَعَ جَارِيَتَهُ, without teshdeed: and hence the phrase in the Kur [xx. 40.], وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَى عَيْنِى, (TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [And this I did] that thou mightest be reared and nourished in my sight; (O, TA;) for which some read وَلِْتُصْنَعْ, as an imperative; and some, وَلِتَصْنَعَ, meaning and that thou mightest work in my sight, (Ksh, Bd,) lest thou shouldst do so contrary to my command. (Bd.) You say likewise, of a woman, صَنَعَتْ نَفْسَهَا: see 5. And you say also ↓ اِصْطَنَعْتُهُ, meaning (tropical:) I reared him; and educated, disciplined, or trained, him well. (S, * O, K, TA.) A2: Accord. to IDrst, صَنِعَ, inf. n. صَنَعٌ, signifies He was, or became, skilled, or skilful: but IB says that صَنِعَ has not been heard. (TA.) 2 صَنَّعَ see 1, latter half, in two places.3 مُصَانَعَةٌ primarily signifies The doing to one a thing in order that he may do another thing to the doer of the former thing. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The treating with gentleness, or blandishment; soothing, coaxing, wheedling, or cajoling; and endeavouring to conciliate. (O, K, TA.) Or this is from the last of the following significations. (TA.) You say صانعهُ (assumed tropical:) He treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; &c. (O, TA.) and (assumed tropical:) He acted hypocritically with him. (TA.) and صانعهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He strove, or endeavoured, to turn him from the thing by deceit, or guile. (TA.) b3: And hence, (A, TA,) or from the last signification in this paragraph, (TA,) (tropical:) The act of bribing. (S, O, Msb, * K, * TA.) One says, صانع الوَالِىَ (tropical:) He bribed [the prefect, ruler, judge, or the like]. (TA.) And صانعهُ بِالمَالِ (tropical:) He bribed him with property, wealth, or money. (Mgh, TA. *) And it is said in a prov., مَنْ صَانَعَ بِالمَالِ لَمْ يَحْتَشِمْ مِنْ طَلَبِ الحَاجَةِ (tropical:) [He who bribes with property is not ashamed of demanding the thing wanted]. (S, O, TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) A horse's not putting forth, or giving, the whole of his strength in going; reserving somewhat thereof: one says, يُصَانِعُكَ بِبَذْلِهِ سَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [He keeps back from thee somewhat by the manner in which he exerts his power of going]. (O, K, TA.) 4 اصنع He (a man, O) aided, or assisted, another. (O, K.) And accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, followed in the O and TS and K, one says also, اصنع الأَخْرَقُ, meaning The unskilful learned, and did soundly, thoroughly, skilfully, or well: but this is a mistake, occasioned by his deeming dubious, or obscure, a passage in the Nawádir of IAar, where the latter says that اصنع الرَّجُلُ means أَعَانَ الأَخْرَقَ [i. e. The man aided, or assisted, the unskilful]. (TA.) A2: اصنع الفَرَسَ: see 1, latter half. [Freytag states, as on the authority of the K, that أَصْنَعَ, said of a horse, signifies “ Non omnibus viribus usus cucurrit, sed ita tamen ut eques eo contentus esset ” (which is nearly the same as a signification of صَانَعَ likewise mentioned by him): but this is a mistake.]5 تَصَنُّعٌ signifies The affecting a goodly way, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like; (S, O, K, TA; [الصَّمْت in the CK is a mistranscription for السَّمْت;]) and the making a show thereof; (TA;) and the adorning oneself (K, TA) thereby, while internally unsound in the grounds of pretension to respect. (TA.) And تصنّعت, said of a woman, means نَفْسَهَا ↓ صَنَعَتْ [She cultivated and improved her person, so as to render herself comely, by art, and good nurture]: (S, O:) or she adorned, or embellished, herself. (PS.) 8 إِصْتَنَعَ see 1, former half. b2: Accord. to Er-Rághib, اِصْطِنَاعٌ signifies The exceeding the usual, or ordinary, bounds, or degree, in putting a thing into a good, sound, right, or proper, state. (TA.) b3: And hence, he says, the phrase in the Kur [xx. 43], وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِى, which means (assumed tropical:) And I have chosen thee [for myself] to establish my evidence and to serve as my spokesman between me and my creatures so that thy doing thus shall be as though I did it: (TA:) or it means I have reared thee, (Az, TA,) or I have chosen thee, (O, K, TA,) [for myself,] for a special affair which I require thee to accomplish in a sufficient manner, (Az, O, K, TA,) concerning Pharaoh and his forces. (Az, TA.) See also 1, last sentence but one. b4: One says also, اصطنع خَاتَمًا He ordered that a signet-ring should be made for him. (O, K.) [See also 10.]

b5: And اصطنعهُ [in which the pronoun seems to refer to رِزْق i. e. sustenance, &c.,] also signifies قَدَّمَهُ [app. meaning He offered it]. (TA.) b6: And اصطنع [alone, for اصطنع مَصْنَعَةً,] (tropical:) He made, or prepared, a repast, feast, or banquet, to which to invite friends. (O, K, TA.) and (tropical:) He prepared food to be dispensed in the way, or cause, of God. (O and TA, from a trad.; mentioned also in the CK, but not in other copies of the K.) 10 استصنعهُ, accord. to the O, signifies He asked for it to be made for him: accord. to the L, استصنع الشَّىْءَ signifies he invited, or he induced, or caused (دَعَا,) [another] to make the thing. (TA.) In the saying of Es-Sarakhsee, اِسْتَصْنَعَ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ قَلَنْسُوَةً [app. meaning He asked, or desired, the man to make for him a قلنسوة (q. v.)], عند is redundant. (Mgh.) [See also 8.]

صَنْعٌ: see صَنَعٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, and ↓ صَوْنَعٌ, A certain small creeping thing, or insect, (دُوَيْبَّةٌ,) or a flying thing (طَائِرٌ): (K, TA:) mentioned by Sgh: (TA:) also written in the K (in art. ضتع) ضَتْعٌ and ضَوْتَعٌ: in one case or the other mistranscribed. (TA in art. ضتع.) صُنْعٌ an inf. n. of صَنَعَ [q. v.] (S, K, &c.) b2: And i. q. رِزْقٌ [Sustenance, &c.]. (TA.) A2: See also صَنَعٌ, in two places.

صِنْعٌ A tailor: (O, K:) or one who is gentle, delicate, or skilful, (رَفِيق, O,) or thin, fine, or delicate, (رَقِيق, so in the copies of the K,) or slender, or small, (دَقِيق, so in the TA,) [of which readings that in the O is app. the right,] in respect of the hands. (O, K.) See also صَنَعٌ, in five places.

A2: Also A ↓ مَصْنَعَة of water; (O, K, TA;) i. e. a piece of wood [app. a plank or board] by means of which water is confined, and retained for a while: (TA:) pl. أَصْنَاعٌ: (O, K:) [but this explanation in the TA seems to have been founded upon a statement there made, that Az heard the Arabs call أَحْبَاس of water أَصْنَاع; (see حِبْسٌ, of which احباس is the pl.;) for I do not find ↓ مَصْنَعَةٌ thus expl. in any lexicon except the TA:] and ↓ صَنَّاعَةٌ, with teshdeed, and ↓ صَنَاعٌ, (O, K,) like سَحَابٌ, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) signify pieces of wood [or planks or boards] put together in water, to confine the water, and retain it for a while; (O, K;) like the حِبَاسَة [q. v.]. (O.) b2: See also مَصْنَعَةٌ, in two senses. b3: Also A manufactured thing (K, TA) of any kind, (TA,) such as a سُفْرَة [q. v.], (K, TA,) &c. (TA.) b4: And (tropical:) A garment. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ صِنْعًا جَيِّدًا (tropical:) [I saw upon him a goodly garment]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) A turban. (IAar, O, K, TA.) b6: And The [iron instrument with which flesh-meat is roasted, called] سَفُّود. (O, TS, K.) El-Marrár El-Fak'asee says, describing camels, وَجَآءَتْ وَرُكْبَانُهَا كَالشُّرُوبِ وَسَائِقُهَا مِثْلُ صِنْعِ الشِّوَآء

[And they came, their riders being like drinkers, or drunkards, and their driver like the سَفُّود of roasted flesh-meat]. (O.) In the L, السود is put in the place of السفّود; and after citing the verse above, [and app. reading مِثْلَ, regarding it as relating to the camels,] the author says that the poet means, سُودَ الأَلْوَانِ. (TA.) b7: And Roasted flesh-meat [itself]; syn. شِوَآءٌ. (So in copies of the K. [SM says that the right reading, as the explanation of الصِّنْعُ in this instance, is الشَّوَا; and cites IAar as saying الصِّنْعُ الشَّوَا نَفْسُهُ: but I think that the right reading is indicated by the addition نَفْسُهُ to be الشِّوَآءُ; and that IAar gives this signification after mentioning that which here next precedes it.]) رَجُلٌ صَنَعٌ, (Mgh, L, Msb,) and رَجُلٌ صَنَعُ اليَدَيْنِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and صَنَعُ اليَدِ, (Th, TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صِنْعُ, (S, O, K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صِنْعُ, (TA,) and اليَدِ ↓ صُنْعُ, (IB, TA,) and Sh is related to have said, ↓ رَجُلٌ صَنْعٌ, (TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صَنِيعُ, (S, O, K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صَنِيعُ, (TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, (K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, but not صَنَاعٌ alone when applied to a male, (TA,) A man skilful in the work of the hands or hand: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) and a company of men you term الأَيْدِى ↓ قَوْمٌ صُنْعَى and ↓ صُنُعَى

الأَيْدِى, and الأَيْدِى ↓ صَنَعَى, and الأَيْدِى ↓ صِنْعَى, (K,) [all of which are instances of quasi-pl. ns., except, perhaps, the last, which is said in the TA to be a pl. of ↓ صِنْع,] and أَصْنَاعُ الأَيْدِى, (K, [in the CK, erroneously, اَصْنَاعِى,]) which is pl. of اليَدِ ↓ صِنْعُ or of اليَدِ ↓ صَنِيعُ, or, accord. to Sh, as IB says, the only pl. of ↓ صِنْعٌ is صِنْعُونَ, and in like manner in the case of ↓ صُنْع you say صُنْعُو اليَدِ, (TA,) and رِجَالٌ صُنُعٌ is mentioned as on the authority of Sb, (K,) and Sh is related to have said قَوْمٌ صَنْعُونَ, [using the latter word as pl. of ↓ صَنْعٌ,] with the ن quiescent. (TA.) And you say ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ صَنَاعٌ, (ISk, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, (S, O, K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, (IJ, TA,) an instance of an epithet applied to a woman like كَعَابٌ and رَدَاحٌ and حَصَانٌ, (TA,) the ا of prolongation before the final letter resembling, and rendering needless, the ة in صَنَعَةٌ, (IJ, TA,) which is not allowable, (IJ, * Mgh, Msb, TA, *) though an instance of it occurs used on the ground of analogy: (Mgh:) A woman skilful in the work of the hands or hand; (ISk, S, O, K, TA;) who makes things in a suitable manner; who sews, and cuts out or makes, leathern buckets; (ISk, TA;) contr. of خَرْقَآءُ; (Mgh, Msb;) and ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ صَنِيعَةٌ signifies the same: (TA:) and اِمْرَأَتَانِ صَنَاعَانِ: and نِسْوَةٌ صُنُعٌ. (S, O, K.) Th preferred صَنَعُ اليَدِ as applied to a man; and اليَدِ ↓ صَنَاعُ as applied to a woman. (IB, TA.) Accord. to IDrst, صَنَعٌ is an inf. n. used as an epithet. (TA. [But see 1, last sentence.]) It is said in a prov., ثَلَّةً ↓ لَا تَعْدَمُ صَنَاعٌ [expl. in art. ثل]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says of a poet, and of any one who is eloquent, رَجُلٌ صَنَعُ الِلّسَانِ (tropical:) [A man skilful in the use of the tongue]: and in like manner, لِسَانٌ صَنَعٌ (tropical:) [a skilful tongue]. (K, TA.) And اللِّسَانِ ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ صَنَاعُ (assumed tropical:) A woman sharp-tongued: or long-tongued: syn. سَلِيطَة. (TA.) صَنِعٌ: see صَنِيعٌ, last sentence.

صَنْعَةٌ Work or handiwork, an art, a craft or handicraft, or a trade; (KL;) as also ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ: (KL, PS:) any habitual work or occupation of a man; as also حِرْفَةٌ; (K in art. حرف;) [and so ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ, as is indicated in the K voce حِرْفَةٌ; whence] one says, صِنَاعَتُهُ رِعَايَةُ الإِبِلِ [His habitual work or occupation, or his business, is the tending, or pasturing, of camels]: (M, and K in art. رعى:) or صَنْعَةٌ [more particularly] signifies the work of the صَانِع; (S, O, K;) [a manufacture, or work of art; and workmanship, or the skill of a worker, which last meaning is plainly indicated in the O, and by common usage:] and ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ, the حِرْفَة [i. e. craft, or habitual work or occupation,] of the صَانِع, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, * K,) meaning of him who works with his hand: (Mgh:) the pl. of ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ is [صَنَائِعُ and] صِنَاعَاتٌ. (KL.) b2: It is also an inf. n. of 1 as used in the phrase صَنَعْتُ فَرَسِى [q. v.]. (S, O, K, TA.) أَسْهُمٌ صُنْعَةٌ, with damm, Arrows that are equal, equable, uniform, or even, the work of one man. (TA.) [Perhaps صُنْعَةٌ is a quasi-pl. n. of صَنِيعٌ applied to an arrow.]

صُنْعَى and صِنْعَى and صَنَعَى and صُنْعَى: see صَنَعٌ.

صَنَاعٌ: see صِنْعٌ: A2: and see also صَنَعٌ, in eight places.

صُنُوعٌ in a sense in which it is used in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb is a pl. of which ISd says, “I know not any sing. thereof: ” accord. to Skr, it means The خُرَز [app. either the seams or the stitch-holes] of a مَزَادَة or of an إِدَاوَة: or, as some say, the thongs used in the sewing thereof: and some say the making thereof, so that in this case it is an inf. n. (TA.) صَنِيعٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (MA.) b2: and i. q. ↓ مَصْنُوعٌ [meaning Made, wrought, manufactured, fabricated, or constructed: or made, &c., skilfully, or well: see 1, first sentence]. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) Food (O, K, TA) that is made, or prepared, and to which people are invited; (TA;) and ↓ مَصْنَعَةٌ signifies [the same, i. e.] (tropical:) a repast, feast, or banquet, to which friends are invited: (O, K, TA:) one says, كُنْتُ فِى صَنِيعِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) I was at the repast of such a one, made, or prepared, by him, to which people were invited: and ↓ المَصْنَعَةِ (tropical:) the repast to which friends were invited. (TA.) And (i. e. the former word) (tropical:) Food prepared to be dispensed in the way, or cause, of God. (TA.) b4: Also, applied to a sword, Polished, (S, O, K, TA,) and proved by experience; and so applied to an arrow: (K, TA:) or, applied to a sword, frequently renovated by polishing: (A, TA:) pl. صُنُعٌ. (TA.) b5: And, applied to a horse, (tropical:) Well tended; (S, O, K, TA;) supplied with fodder, and fattened. (TA.) And [in like manner it is applied to a human being:] one says, هُوَ صَنِيعِى (tropical:) He is the person whom I have reared; and whom I have educated, disciplined, or trained, well; (O, K, TA;) and so ↓ صَنِيعَتِى; (S, * O, K, TA;) and فُلَانٍ ↓ هُوَ مُصْطَنَعَةُ (tropical:) he is the person whom such a one has reared; &c. (Z, TA.) b6: And (tropical:) A goodly and clean garment. (A, L, TA.) b7: And A deed, or an action; (S, O, K, KL;) and so ↓ صَنِيعَةٌ: (Ham p. 198:) one says, صَنَعَ بِهِ صَنِيعًا قَبِيحًا He did to him an evil, or a foul, deed: (S, O, K:) and ↓ سُوْءُ صَنِيعَةٍ means The evil [consequence] of a deed. (Ham ubi suprà.) and [particularly] A good deed, a benefit, favour, or kind act; (O, K, TA;) and so ↓ صَنِيعَةٌ: (S, * O, Msb, K:) [see a verse cited voce مَصْنَعٌ:] pl. [of either, of the latter agreeably with rule,] صَنَائِعُ. (O, K.) A2: Also Skilful in work of the hands or hand: (S, O, K, TA:) fem. [in this sense] with ة. (TA.) See صَنَعٌ, in four places. Accord. to IDrst, ↓ صَنِعٌ [likewise] signifies Skilled, or skilful, as part. n. of صَنِعَ; but IB says that صَنِعَ has not been heard. (TA.) صِنَاعَةٌ: see صَنْعَةٌ, in four places. The saying of 'Alee, يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ كُلِّ صِنَاعَةٍ صِنَاعَتُهُ, if correctly related, means يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ كُلِّ ذِى صِنَاعَةٍ مَصْنُوعُهُ [From every one possessing skill in manufacture should be taken, or procured, that which he has manufactured: or perhaps مِنْ is a mistake for عَنْ, and the meaning is, from every craftsman is to be acquired his craft]. (Mgh.) صَنِيعَةٌ: see صَنِيعٌ, latter half, in four places.

صَنَاعِيَةٌ Persons who tend their camels well, and fatten the young ones thereof, and give not their camels' milk to guests: occurring in a verse of 'Ámir Ibn-Et-Tufeyl. (TA, in this art. and in art. صلمع.) صَنَائِعِىٌّ: see صَانِعٌ.

صَنَّاعٌ [An expert صَانِع i. e. manufacturer &c.] (TA. [There mentioned only as a proper name, or surname.]) صَنَّاعَةٌ: see صِنْعٌ, former half.

صَانِعٌ A handicraftsman; manufacturer; or worker, or maker, with his hand; (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb, * K;) or one having a صَنْعَة [i. e. craft &c.] which he exercises; (TA;) [an artificer, or artisan;] and ↓ صَنَائِعِىٌّ is [used in the same sense, and particularly as meaning one who works for hire under a master; being] a rel. n. from صَنَائِعُ [pl. of صِنَاعَةٌ], like أَنْمَاطِىٌّ and أَنْصَارِىٌّ: (TA:) the pl. of صَانِعٌ is صُنَّاعٌ. (Msb, TA.) صَوْنَعٌ: see صَنْعٌ.

أَصْنَعُ [More, or most, skilled in working with the hands, manufacturing, fabricating, or constructing]. See an ex. voce سُرْفَةٌ, and another voce تَنَوُّطٌ.

مَصْنَعٌ [may be sued, agreeably with analogy, as an inf. n.: and as a n. of place, and of time]. A poet says, إِنَّ الصَّنِيعَةَ لا تَكُونُ صَنِيعَةً

حَتَّى يُصَابَ بِهَا طَرِيقُ المَصْنَعِ [which may be rendered Verily that which is a good deed considered abstractedly, or without relation to the manner or object &c., will not be a good deed in effect except, or unless, the way of the doing, or the way that leads to the place (here meaning the object) of the doing, be rightly hit upon therewith]. (O, TA.) b2: In the following verse of Náfi' Ibn-Lakeet, (TA in this art. and in art. ريش,) wrongly ascribed by J [in arts.

ريش and مرط] to Lebeed, (TA in art. ريش,) and ascribed by others to other poets, (TA in art. مرط,) it is expl. by IAar as signifying A place that is deemed goodly [in workmanship]; syn. مُسْتَمْلَحٌ [a n. of place, accord. to a general rule, as well as pass. part. n.: or مَصْنَعٌ may be here more literally rendered a place of skilful workmanship]: the poet says, مُرُطُ القِذَاذِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ مَصْنَعٌ لَا الرِّيشُ يَنْفَعُهُ وَلَا التَّعْقِيبُ (TA in the present art.) meaning Having no feathers upon it, [and having in it no place exhibiting skilful workmanship, neither the feathers being of use to it] nor the binding around with sinews. (TA in art. ريش.) b3: See also what here follows.

مَصْنَعَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and مَصْنُعَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مَصْنَعٌ (O, Msb, K) [A kind of tank, or reservoir, for rain-water; i. e.] a thing like a حَوْض, (S, Mgh, O, K, TA,) or like a صِهْرِيج (Msb, TA) and a بِرْكَة, (Msb,) that is made, or constructed, (Mgh, Msb,) for collecting the water of the rain: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) pl. مَصَانِعُ, (O, Msb, K, TA,) a pl. of all the three words above, expl. by As as meaning excavations which people make for the rain-water, which they fill therewith, and from which they drink; and مَصَانِيعُ is another pl. of مَصْنَعَةٌ, the ى being inserted by poetic license; or it may be pl. of ↓ مَصْنُوعٌ or مَصْنُوعَةٌ: and ↓ صِنْعٌ [in like manner] signifies a حَوْض or a thing like a صِهْرِيج: and صُنُوعٌ is said to be a pl. thereof: (TA:) or صِنْعٌ signifies a watering-trough, or tank, made for the rain-water, and not cased with baked bricks; and its pl. is أَصْنَاعٌ. (TA voce بِرْكَةٌ.) See also صِنْعٌ, in two places. b2: [The pl.] مَصَانِعُ signifies also Constructions such as قُصُور [or pavilions, &c.], (O, K,) and fortresses; (S, O, K;) and ↓ صِنْعٌ also signifies a fortress: and the former, wells also. (TA.) And Towns, or villages, are thus called, (O, K,) by the Arabs, accord. to As: sing. مَصْنَعَةٌ: (O, TA:) one says, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَصَانِعِ, meaning He is of the people of the towns, or villages, and of the cultivated land. (A, TA.) Also Places set apart for horses, away from the tents or houses: sing. مَصْنَعَةٌ. (AHn, TA.) [In Abul. Ann. ii. 42, where it seems to mean “ reservoir for rain-water,” Reiske renders it “ Hospitia publica. ”]

A2: See also صَنِيعٌ, in two places.

مَصْنُوعٌ: see صَنِيعٌ, and مَصْنَعَةٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) [Fabricated, as applied to speech or a saying or sentence: a phrase, or word,] innovated, [or coined,] and given by its author as chaste (فَصِيح) Arabic; differing from مُوَلَّدٌ, which is applied to what is not so given: (Mz, 21st نوع:) forged, as applied to a word, and poetry. (Id. 8th نوع.) هُوَ مُصْطَنَعَةُ فُلَانٍ: see صَنِيعٌ.

سكر

1 سَكِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَكَرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سُكْرٌ, (A, Mgh, K,) or this is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) and سُكُرٌ and سَكْرٌ (K) and سِكَرٌ (Msb) and سَكَرَانٌ, (K,) He was, or became, intoxicated, inebriated, or drunken; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of صَحَا. (S, A, K.) [See also سُكْرٌ, below.] b2: [Hence,] سَكِرَ عَلَىَّفُلَانٌ, (A,) inf. n. سَكَرٌ, (K,) (tropical:) Such a one was, or became, violently angry with me: (A:) or angry; or enraged. (K.) and لَهُ عَلَىَّ سَكَرٌ (tropical:) He has violent anger against me. (A.) b3: And سَكِرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا; and سَكِرَت أَبْصَارُ القَوْمِ; and سَكِرَتْ عَيْنُهُ: see 2. b4: Also سَكِرَ, aor. ـَ (TK,) inf. n. سَكَرٌ, (IAar, K,) It (a wateringtrough, or tank, TK) was, or became, full. (IAar, K, TK.) b5: And سَكِرَتِ الرِّيحُ, (A, and so in my MS. copy of the K,) or سَكَرَت, (S, O, and so in the CK,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) or, as some relate a verse of Jendel Ibn-El-Muthennà Et-Tuhawee, in which it occurs, سَكَرَ, (O,) [indicating that the pret. is سَكِرَت or that the aor. is irreg.,] inf. n. سُكُورٌ (S, O, K) and سَكَرَانٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The wind became still, (S, A, O, K,) after blowing. (S.) And سَكَرَ, [or سَكِرَ,] inf. n. سُكُورٌ, (tropical:) It (water) became still, ceasing to run: so says Az: and (tropical:) it (the sea) became calm, or motionless: so says IAar. (TA.) And سَكِرَ, (A,) or سَكَرَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) (tropical:) It (food [in a cooking-pot], or hot water, A, or a hot thing, TA) ceased to boil, or estuate, (A, TA,) or to burn, or be hot: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) it (heat) became allayed, or it subsided. (TA.) A2: سَكَرَهُ: see 4. b2: Also, (IAar, TA,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. سَكْرٌ, (K,) He filled it. (IAar, K, * TA.) b3: Also, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) and so the inf. n.; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and ↓ سكّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْكِيرٌ; (MF;) He stopped it up, or dammed it; namely, a river, or rivulet. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, MF.) And hence, سَكَرَ البَابَ, and ↓ سكّرهُ, (assumed tropical:) He closed, or stopped up, the door. (TA.) b4: سُكِرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا: see 2.2 سكّرهُ: see 4. b2: And see also 1, last two explanations. b3: سُكِرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا, in the Kur [xv. 15], means (tropical:) Our eyes have been prevented from seeing, and dazzled: (S, K:) or have been covered over: (Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-' Alà, S, K:) and ↓ سُكِرَتْ, without teshdeed, have been prevented from seeing: (Fr, K: *) or this latter, which is the reading of El-Hasan, means, accord. to him, have been enchanted: (S:) or both mean, have been covered and closed by enchantment, so that we imagined ourselves to behold things which we did not really see: (T, TA:) Mujáhid explains the latter reading as meaning, have been stopped up; i. e., have been covered by that which prevented their seeing, like as water is prevented from flowing by a سِكْر [or dam]: (A 'Obeyd:) and another reading is ↓ سَكِرَتْ, meaning, have become dazzled, like those of the intoxicated: (Ksh, Bd: *) AO says that أَبْصَارُ القَوْمِ ↓ سَكِرَتْ means (tropical:) The people became affected by a giddiness; and an affection like cloudiness of the eye, or weakness of the sight, came over them, so that they did not see; and Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà says that this signification is derived from سُكْرٌ; as though their eyes were intoxicated: Zj says that عَيْنُهُ ↓ سَكِرَتْ means (assumed tropical:) his eye became dazzled, and ceased to see. (TA.) b4: سُكِّرَ لِلْحَاجَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) His judgment, or opinion, was confused respecting the object of want, is said of a man only before he has determined upon the thing alluded to. (TA.) b5: سكّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْكِيرٌ, also signifies He squeezed his throat, or throttled him. (S, K.) One says, البَعِيرُ يُسَكِّرُ آخَرَ بِذِرَاعِهِ حَتَّى يَكَادُ يَقْتُلُهُ [The camel throttles another with his arm so that he almost kills him]. (S.) 4 اسكرهُ It (wine, or beverage,) intoxicated, or inebriated, him; (S, A;) or deprived him of his reason; (Msb;) as also, accord. to some, ↓ سَكَرَهُ; (MF, TA;) but the former is that which commonly obtains; (TA;) [and ↓ سكّرهُ has the same signification; or its inf. n.] تَسْكِيرٌ signifies the causing, or making, to be affected with the remains of intoxication. (KL. [See the pass. part. n. of this last, below.]) The first is also said of قريض [app. a mistranscription for قريص, which may be syn. with قَارِصٌ, meaning “ sour milk,” for this has an effect like intoxication when too much of it has been drunk]; and thus applied it is tropical. (TA.) 6 تساكر He feigned intoxication, or a state of drunkenness. (S, A. *) 8 استكر الضَّرْعُ The udder became full of milk. (MA.) b2: And استكرت السَّمَآءُ The sky rained vehemently. (MA.) سَكْرٌ: see سَكْرَانُ: A2: and سِكْرٌ.

A3: Also A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) of such as are termed أَحْرَار [pl. of حُرٌّ], (Aboo-Nasr, K,) which is of the best of بُقُول: (TA as from the K: [but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK:]) AHn says that no description of its general attributes or qualities had come to his knowledge. (TA.) سُكْرٌ an inf. n., (A, Mgh, K,) or a simple subst., signifying Intoxication, inebriation, or drunkenness; i. e. the state thereof; (S, Msb;) a state that intervenes as an obstruction between a man and his intellect; mostly used in relation to intoxicating drinks: but sometimes as meaning (assumed tropical:) such a state arising from anger, or from the passion of love: a poet says, سُكْرَانِ سُكْرُ هَوًى وَسُكْرُ مُدَامَةٍ

أَنَّى يُفِيقُ فَتًى بِهِ سُكْرَانِ [Two intoxications, the intoxication of love and the intoxication of wine: how shall a youth recover his senses in whom are two intoxications?]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) سِكْرٌ a subst. from السَّكْرُ (Mgh, K) as meaning “ the stopping up, or damming,” of the river, or rivulet; (K;) i. e. A dam; a thing with which a river, or rivulet, is stopped up; (S, * Msb, K, TA;) and ↓ سَكْرٌ, originally an inf. n., occurs in the same sense: (Mgh:) the pl. of the former is سُكُورٌ. (K.) سَكَرٌ Wine: (K:) so, accord. to Fr and others in the Kur [xvi. 69], تَتَّخِذُونَ مِنْهُ سَكَرًا وَرِزْقًا حَسَنًا, meaning, ye obtain therefrom wine, and raisins and dried dates and the like; this being said before wine was prohibited: (TA:) and the [beverage called] نَبِيذ (S, A) prepared from dried dates: (S:) so in the Kur, ubi suprà: (S:) or the expressed juice of fresh ripe dates when it has become strong; (Mgh, Msb;) originally an inf. n.: (Mgh:) or an infusion of dried dates, untouched by fire: (A 'Obeyd:) a beverage, (A,) or نَبِيذ, (K,) made from dried dates and from كَشُوث [a species of cuscuta, or dodder] (A, K) and myrtle, آس, (A,) which is the most bitter beverage in the world, (A,) and forbidden like wine; (TA;) or made from dried dates and كشوث, disposed layer upon layer, upon which water is poured; and some assert that sometimes myrtle (آس) is mixed with it, and this increases its strength: (AHn:) also anything that intoxicates: (K:) and what is forbidden [that is obtained] from fruit (I'Ab, T, K) [of the palm-tree and grape vine], meaning wine, before its being forbidden; and الرِّزْقُ الحَسَنُ is what is lawful [that is obtained] from grapes and dates: (I 'Ab, T, TA:) and vinegar; (K;) accord. to some of the expositors of the Kur, ubi suprà; but this is a meaning unknown to the leading lexicologists: (B, TA:) and food: (K:) so accord. to AO alone; as in the following saying of a poet; جَعَلْتَ أَعْرَاضَ الكِرَامِ سَكَرَا [Thou hast made the reputations of the generous to be food: or] thou hast made the vituperation of the generous to be food to thee: but the leading lexicologists disallow this; and Zj says that the more probable meaning here is wine. (TA.) سَكِرٌ: see سَكْرَانُ: b2: and سِكِيرٌ.

سَكْرَةٌ A fit of intoxication: (A, Mgh:) pl. سَكَرَاتٌ. (Mgh.) You say, ذَهَبَ بَيْنَ الصَّحْوَةِ وَالسَّكْرَةِ He went away in state between that of sensibility and insensibility, or mental perception and inability thereof. (TA.) b2: and (tropical:) A fit of anger. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) An overpowering sensation of delight, affecting youth. (TA.) b4: سَكْرَةُ المَوْتِ (tropical:) [The intoxication of death; meaning] the confusion of the intellect by reason of the severity of the agony of death: (B, TA:) the oppressive sensation attendant upon death, which deprives the sufferer of reason: (Bd in 1. 18:) the oppressive sensation, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) and disturbance of the mind, and insensibility, (K,) attendant upon death. (S, * A, Mgh, K.) And in like manner, سَكْرَةُ الهَمِ, (K,) and النَّوْمِ, (TA,) (tropical:) The oppressive sensation, &c., attendant upon anxiety, (K,) and upon sleep. (TA.) سَكَرَةٌ I. q. شَيْلَمٌ; (K;) [or resembling the شَيْلَم; (see زُؤَانٌ;) a certain plant, app. called by the former name because a decoction thereof is used as an anæsthetic; said to be] the same that is called مُرَيْرَآءُ, that is [often found] in wheat. (TA.) سَكْرَانُ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَكْرَانٌ, (TA,) which latter is seldom used, and is of the dial. of the Benoo-Asad, as is said in the S and Msb of its fem., (TA,) and ↓ سَكْرٌ; (K; [in the TA ↓ سَكِرٌ, but this is afterwards mentioned in the K as an intensive epithet;]) fem. [of the first,] سَكْرَى; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and [of the second,] سَكْرَانَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and [of the third,] سَكْرَةٌ; (K; [in the TA سَكِرَهٌ;]) Intoxicated; inebriated; drunken: (S, Msb, K:) [see سُكْرٌ:] pl. سُكَارَى [which is said in the TA to be also pl. of سَكِرٌ] and سَكَارَى, (S, Msb, K:) of which the former is the more common, or, as some say, the latter, and the former of which is said to be the only instance of the kind, except كُسَالَى and عُجَالَى and غُيَارَى, (TA,) [to which should be added حُيَارَى, and probably some other instances,] and سَكْرَى; (S, K;) or this is a fem. sing. applied as an epithet to a pl. n.; (Fr;) and in the Kur iv. 46, ElAamash read سُكْرَى, with damm, which is very strange, since no pl. of the measure فُعْلَى is known. (TA.) Th says that the words of the Kur [iv. 46] لَا تَقْرَبُواالصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْتُمْ سُكَارَى [Engage ye not in prayer when ye are intoxicated] was said before the prohibition of wine was revealed: others say that the meaning is, when ye are intoxicated with sleep. (TA.) سُكُرْكَةٌ, written by Sh سُكْرُكَةٌ: see art. سكرك. (TA.) سَكُورٌ: see سِكِيرٌ.

سُكَّرٌ [Sugar;] a certain sweet substance, (TA,) well known: (Msb, TA:) a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) from شَكَرْ: (K:) n. un. with ة [signifying a piece of sugar]: (S, K:) it is hot and moist, accord. to the most correct opinion; but some say, cold: and the best sort of it is the transparent, called طَبَرْزَذٌ; and the old is more delicate than the new: it is injurious to the stomach, engendering yellow bile; but the juice of the لَيْمُون and نَارَنْج counteract its noxiousness: it is said to be a word recently introduced; but some say that it occurs in one trad. (TA.) b2: Also Like سُكَّر [or sugar] in sweetness: so used by Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee. (TA.) b3: Also A certain kind of sweet fresh ripe dates; (K;) a sort of fresh ripe dates, likened to sugar in sweetness: (Mgh:) or a kind of very sweet dates; (AHát, T, Msb;) known to the people of ElBahreyn, (T,) and in Sijilmáseh and Dar'ah, and, as some say, in El-Medeeneh, where, how-ever, they require to be dried artificially. (MF.) b4: A kind of grapes, which, being affected by what is termed مَرَق, fall off, (K,) for the most part: their bunches are of middling size; and they are white, juicy, and very sweet, (TA,) of the best kinds of grapes; (K;) and are made into raisins. (TA.) سُكَّرِىٌّ [Sugary; saccharine. b2: And] Cake containing sugar, or barley-sugar, with almonds, or pistachio-nuts. (MA.) سَكَّارٌ One who makes, or sells, the beverage called نَبِيذ; syn. نَبَّاذٌ. (S, K.) سِكِّيرٌ One who intoxicates himself much, or often; a drunkard; a tippler; (K;) as also ↓ مِسْكِيرٌ (S, K) and ↓ سَكُورٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ سَكِرٌ: (K:) or constantly intoxicated: (S:) the pl. of سَكِرٌ is سُكَارَى, which is also pl. of سَكْرَانُ. (TA.) رِيحٌ سَاكِرَةٌ (tropical:) Wind becoming still. (A.) and لَيْلَةٌ سَاكِرَةٌ (tropical:) A still night; a night in which the wind is still; (S, * A;) a night in which there is no wind. (TA.) And مَآءٌ سَاكِرٌ (tropical:) Still, not running, water. (Az, TA.) سَيْكُرَانٌ A certain plant, always green, the grain whereof is eaten: (K: [but this description seems to be an incorrect abstract of what here follows:]) Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn] says, it is of the plants that continue green throughout the whole of the summer: I asked a sheykh of the Arabs of Syria, and he said, it is the سُخَر, [correctly سُخَّر,] and we eat it in its fresh state, with what an eating! and, he said, it has green grains, like the grain of the رَازِيَانَج [or fennel], except that they are round: (O:) [in the present day, it is applied to henbane, or a species thereof: accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. lxiii.,) hyoscyamus datora. See also شَيْكُرَانٌ.]

مُسَكَّرٌ Affected with the remains of intoxication. (S, K.) مِسْكِيرٌ: see سِكِيرٌ.

سرط

1 سَرِطَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَرَطٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and سَرَطَانٌ; (M, K;) and سَرَطَهُ; (Sgh, K;) but the former is the more chaste, and is the form commonly known, and the latter is by some disallowed; (TA;) He swallowed it: (S, M, Msb, K:) or, as in some of the copies of the S, without chewing: or, accord. to the A, by little and little: (TA:) and ↓ استرطهُ signifies the same; (S, M, Msb, K;) and so ↓ تسرّطهُ: (As, K:) and in like manner, زَرِدَهُ and ازدردهُ (TA) [and تزرّدهُ]. It is said in a prov., لَا تَكُنْ حُلْوًا فَتُسْرَطَ وَلَا مُرًّا فَتُعْقَى

Be not thou sweet, so that thou shouldest be swallowed; nor bitter, so that thou shouldest be put out of the mouth because of thy bitterness: (S, TA:) or, accord. to one relation, فَتُعْقِىَ, i. e., so that thou shouldest be disliked for being very bitter: used in enjoining the taking of a middle course of conduct: so in the O. (TA.) 4 أَسْرَطْتُهُ ذِرَاعِى I put my fore arm upon his throat [from behind him], to strangle him, or throttle him. (TA in art. ذرع.) 5 تَسَرَّطَ see 1.7 انسرط فِى حَلْقِهِ It (a thing, M) passed easily in his throat. (M, K.) 8 إِسْتَرَطَ see 1.

Q. Q. 1 سَرْطَمَ: see art. سرطم.

سُرَطٌ A man that swallows quickly; (Ibn-'Abbád, O;) as also ↓ سُرَطَةٌ (Ibn-'Abbád, O) and ↓ سُرَطْرِطٌ: (O:) or ↓ سَرَطْرَطٌ (so accord. to the TA) and ↓ مِسْرَطٌ and ↓ سَرَّاطٌ a man that eats quickly: (TA:) or the first, and ↓ سَرَطَانٌ and ↓ سِرْطِيطٌ, (M, K,) a man (M) that swallows well, (M,) or largely. (K.) [See also سُرَاطِىٌّ.] b2: Also, and ↓ سَرَطَانٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) A horse (M, TA) that runs vehemently. (M, * K, TA.) [See again سُرَاطِىٌّ.]

سُرَطَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سِرْطِمٌ and سَرْطَمٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ, in three places. b2: Hence, (M,) the former also signifies (assumed tropical:) An eloquent speaker; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَرَطَانٌ. (TA.) [See also art. سرطم.]

سَرَطَانٌ: see سُرَطٌ, in two places: and سُرَّيْطَى: and سِرْطِمٌ.

A2: Also [The crab;] a certain aquatic creature; (S) a certain animal of the sea; (Msb;) a certain creeping thing (دَابَّة), of aquatic creatures; (M;) a certain fluvial creeping thing (دابّة); and also a marine kind, which is an animal that becomes hard like stone: the former kind is of much utility; the quantity of three مَثَاقِيل of its ashes, when burnt in a cooking-pot of copper (نُحَاسٍ أَحْمَرَ [for the latter of which words we find in the CK خُمِّرَ]), with water or wine, or with half its weight of gentian (جِنْطِيَانَا), is very good against the bite of the mad dog; if its eye be hung upon a person affected with a tertian fever, he is cured; and if its leg be hung upon a tree, its fruit falls spontaneously: (K:) this is [said of] the سرطان that is bred in rivers: (TA:) of the marine kind, what is burnt is an ingredient in collyriums, (K,) for removing whiteness, (TA,) and in dentifrices (سَنُونَات, so in copies of the K and in the TA [but in the CK, erroneously, سُفُوفَات]), and strengthens the gum: (TA:) pl. سَرَطَانَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: السَّرَطَانُ is also the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain sign of the Zodiac; (S, M, K;) [Cancer;] the fourth sign; so called because resembling the creature above mentioned in form. (TA.) b3: [The disease called cancer;] a black-biliary tumour, which begins like an almond, and smaller, and when it becomes large, there appear upon it veins, red and green, resembling the legs of the سَرَطَان: there is no hope for its cure; and it is treated medicinally only in order that it may not increase: (K:) a certain disease that attacks men and beasts: (M:) it is also (K) a certain disease in the pastern of a beast, rendering it hard, or rigid, so that the animal inverts his hoof: (S, K:) a certain disease that appears in the legs of beasts: (T, TA:) some say that it is a disease which affects a man in his fauces, having relation to the blood, and resembling the دُبَيْلَة [which is explained by ISh, in describing the disease termed ذَاتُ الجَنْبِ, as an ulcer that perforates the belly]: and some say, that it is [the disease called] دَآءُ الفِيلِ. (TA.) سِرْطِيطٌ: see سُرَطْ.

سُرَطْرِطٌ or سَرَطْرَطٌ: see سُرَطٌ.

سِرِطْرَاطٌ (Lth, Lh, S, M, K) and سَرَطْرَاطٌ, (Lth, M, K,) the former said by Az to be a good form, like جِلِبَّابٌ and سِجِلَّاطٌ, but the latter to be the only instance of its form known to him, (TA,) and ↓ سُرَيْطٌ, like زُبَيْرٌ, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ سُرَّيْطٌ, (as in the M,) like قُبَّيْطٌ, (TA, [in which this is said to be the right form,]) [The kind of sweet food called] فَالُوذٌ, [Lh, S, M, K,) or فَالُوذَجٌ; (as in some copies of the K and in the TA;) so called because very delicious to eat and swallow, from سَرَطٌ signifying the “ act of swallowing; ” (Az, TA;) of the dial. of Syria: (Lh, M:) or [the kind of sweet food called] خَبِيصٌ. (M, K.) سُرَاطٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ.

سِرَاطٌ A road, or way: (Msb:) or a conspicuous road or way; (M, K;) so called because he who goes away on it disappears like food that is swallowed; (K) i. q. صِرَاطٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of the early Kureysh, (Fr,) and is the more approved, on account of the mutual resemblance [of the ص and ط], (M, K,) though the former is the original; (M, Msb, K;) and زِرَاطٌ; for the saying that the pronunciation with the pure ز is a mistake, is [itself] a mistake: (K:) [ISd says,] As mentions the reading الزِّرَاط, with the pure ز; but this is a mistake; for he only heard the resemblance, and imagined it to be ز; and As was not a grammarian, that he should be trusted in this matter: (M:) this is [itself, however,] a mistake; for AA is related to have read الزّراط, and the same is related of Hamzeh, by Ks. (TA.) One says also, هُوَ فِى

دِينِهِ عَلَى سِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ (tropical:) [He is, in respect of his religion, on, or in, a right way]. (TA.) [It is fem. as well as masc.: see زُقَاقٌ.]

سِرْوَطٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ.

سُرَيْطٌ: see سِرِطْرَاطٌ: b2: and سُرَّيْطَى.

سُرَيْطَى: see سُرَيْطَآءُ: b2: and سُرَّيْطَى.

سُرَاطِىٌّ A great eater; (K;) as also ↓ سِرْوَاطٌ (Seer, M, K,) and ↓ سِرْطِمٌ: (K:) or one who swallows everything; as also ↓ سِرْوَاطٌ (M) and ↓ سِرْطِمٌ and ↓ سَرْطَمٌ; (Lh, M;) from الاِسْتِرَاطُ; the م, accord. to IJ, being augmentative; (M;) and so ↓ سِرْوَطٌ. (TA.) [See also سُرَطٌ.] b2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سُرَاطٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) A sword that cuts (S, K, TA) much, or well; (K, TA;) that passes into the object that is struck with it; (M, TA;) that goes quickly into the flesh. (Ibn-Habeeb, O, in explanation of the former word.) b3: سُرَاطِىُّ الجَرْىِ (tropical:) A horse that runs vehemently. (K, TA.) [See again سُرَطٌ.]

سُرَيْطَآءُ, (JM, M, K, TA,) or ↓ سُرَيْطَى, (L,) A kind of soup, or food that is supped, (JM, M, K, TA,) like خَزِيرَة [q. v.]; (JM, M, TA;) in the K, erroneously, like حَرِيرَة: (TA:) or resembling خَزِيرَة. (L in explanation of the latter word.) b2: See also سُرَّيْطَى.

سِرْوَاطٌ: see سُرَاطِىٌّ, in two places.

سَرَّاطٌ: see سُرَطٌ.

سُرَّيْطٌ: see سِرِطْرَاطٌ: b2: and see also the paragraph here following.

سُرَّيْطَى a word occurring in the following prov.: الأَخْذُ سُرَّيْطَى وَالقَضَآءُ ضُرَّيْطَى, (S, K,) or ↓ سُرَيْطَى and ضُرَيْطَى, (so in a copy of the M, without teshdeed,) and one says also ↓ سِرِّيطَى and ضِرِّيطَى, (O, K,) and ↓ سُرَيْطَآءُ and ضُرَيْطَآءُ, (O, K, TA, in the CK سُرَيْطا and ضُرَّيْطٌ,) and ↓ سُرَيْطٌ and ضُرَيْطٌ, (K, and so in a copy of the S,) each like زُبَيُرٌ, (TA,) or ↓ سُرَّيْطٌ and ضُرَّيْطٌ, (so in another copy of the S,) or both, (M,) [Taking, or receiving, is a swallowing, and paying is a making with the mouth a sound like that of the emission of wind from the anus; i. e.] one takes, or receives, a loan, or the like, (S, M, O, K,) and swallows it, (M, O, K,) and when payment is demanded of him he makes with his mouth a sound like that of the emission of wind from the anus: (S, M, O, K, TA:) meaning that taking, or receiving, is liked, and paying is disliked: (TA:) and ↓ الأَخْذُ سَرَطَانٌ, (O, K,) or, as some relate it, سَلَجَانٌ, (O,) وَالقَضَآءُ لَيَّانٌ. (O, K. [See 1 in art. سلج.]) سِرِّيطَى: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَسْرَطٌ and ↓ مِسْرَطٌ The gullet: (M, K:) also written with ص. (M.) مِسْرَطٌ: see what next precedes: b2: and see also سُرَطٌ.

سقط

1 سَقَطَ, (S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, MS,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَسْقَطٌ, (S, K,) It fell; fell down; dropped; dropped down; tumbled down; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) upon the ground; (Mgh;) or from a higher to a lower place; (Msb;) namely, a thing from the hand; (S;) or from a high place, as a roof of a house; and from a low place, as when said of a person in an erect posture; (B;) also said of a building; (TA in art. هور;) and of a جُرْف [q. v.]: (Msb and TA in that art.:) [and often used by anatomists and physicians, as meaning it delapsed; it slipped, or fell, down:] and ↓ اِسَّاقَطَ [originally تَسَاقَطَ] signifies the same; (K;) as in the phrase in the Kur [xix. 25], تَسَّاقَطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَبًا جَنِيًّا, or يَسَّاقَطْ, accord. to different readings, It, namely the palm-tree (نَخْلَة) accord. to the former reading, and the trunk (جِذْع) accord. to the latter reading, shall drop upon thee with fresh ripe dates, plucked; رطبا جنيّا being transferred from its proper place, and used as a specificative; the meaning being, يَسَّاقَطْ رُطَبُ الجِذْعِ: so says Fr. (Az, TA.) [This phrase of the Kur, with the above-mentioned explanation, but less fully given, occurs in a copy of the S which, throughout this art., differs much from other copies.] You say also, سَقَطَ فُلَانٌ مَغْضْلَرRِيًّا عَلَيْهِ [Such a one fell down in a swoon]. (TA.) And مَنْ نَازَعَ أَطْوَلَ مِنْهُ سَقَطَ الضْلَرRَّغْزَبِيَّةَ [He who contends with one taller than himself falls by the trick which consists in one's twisting his leg with the leg of the other]. (TA.) b2: سَقَطَ الوَلَدُ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِهِ, (Kh, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ, (Msb,) The child, or fœtus, came forth [or fell] from the belly of its mother (Msb, K) abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (Msb,) or dead, (A,) but having the form developed, or manifest: (Msb:) you do not say وَقَعَ (Kh, S, Msb, K) unless the child is born alive. (A, TA.) b3: سُقِطَ فِىيَدِهِ, and فى ↓ أُسْقِطَ يده, (Fr, Zj, S, M, K,) but the former is more common, and better, (Fr,) the latter allowed by Akh, but disallowed by AA and by Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà [i. e. Th], (S,) [lit. There was a falling, and there was a making to fall, upon his hand; i. e., of his hand upon his hand, or of his teeth upon his hand, by reason of repentance, and grief, or regret; meaning] (tropical:) he repented, (Fr, Zj, S, M, K,) of what he had done; and grieved for, or regretted, an act of inadvertence; (Zj, M;) or, and became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (O, K:) or both signify, (TA,) or signify also, (K,) or the former signifies also, (M,) he slipped; fell into an error, or a fault; committed a mistake. (M, K.) Hence the saying in the Kur [vii. 148], وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِى أَيْدِيهِمْ (tropical:) And when they repented: (S:) or struck their hands upon their hands, by reason of repentance; accord. to AAF: (M:) or repented greatly; because he who repents, and grieves, or regrets, bites his hand in sorrow, so that his hand is fallen upon [by his teeth]: (Bd:) the phrase was not known to the Arabs before the time of the Kur-án: (O:) it has also been read سَقَطَ فى ايديهم, (Akh, S, M,) as though النَّدَمُ were understood; (Akh, S;) i. e. سَقَطَ النَّدَمُ; like as you say, قَدْ حَصَلَ فِى يَدِهِ مِنْ هٰذَا مَكْرُوهٌ, likening what comes into the heart, and into the mind, to what comes into the hand, and is seen with the eye: (M, TA:) and this, as well as the former, is tropical. (TA.) b4: سَقَطَ القَمَرُ (tropical:) The moon set: and in like manner النَّجْمُ [the star, or asterism; generally meaning the Pleiades; and when this is the case, the phrase in most instances means the Pleiades set at dawn: see مَسْقطٌ]. (Mgh, TA.) b5: سَقَطَ الرَّجُلُ (tropical:) The man died. (TA.) b6: [And (assumed tropical:) The man tottered by reason of age.] You say of an old man, سَقَطَ مِنَ الكِبَرِ (assumed tropical:) [He tottered by reason of age]. (S in art. درهم.) b7: سَقَطَ إِلَىَّ القَوْمُ, (M, K,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The people, or company of men, alighted at my abode: (M, K, TA:) they came to me. (TA.) سَقَطَ إِلَى جِيرَانٍ لَهُ, occurring in a trad., means (tropical:) He came to some neighbours of his, and they gave him refuge, and protected him. (M, TA.) And it is said in a postclassical prov., حَيْثُمَا سَقَطَ لَقَطَ [Wherever he alights he picks up something]: applied to him who practises evasions, shifts, artifices, or the like. (Meyd, and Har p. 660.) b8: سَقَطَ عَلَى ضَالَّتِهِ (tropical:) He stumbled upon, lighted on, or became acquainted with, the place of his stray, or lost, beast; he lighted on his stray, or lost, beast. (TA.) Mohammad said to El-Hárith Ibn-Hassán, on the latter's asking him respecting a thing, عَلَى الخَبِيرِ سَقَطْتَ (tropical:) On the possessor of knowledge thou hast lighted: and this is a prov. current among the Arabs. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., سَقَطَ العَضْلَرRَآءُ بِهِ عَلَى سِرْحَانِ (assumed tropical:) [The evening-meal, or supper, (i. e. the seeking for it,) made him to fall, or light, upon a wolf: or سرحان, as is said in a copy of the S, is here the name of a certain man: see also art. سرح]: applied to him who seeks an object of desire, and falls into a thing that destroys him. (TA.) b9: سَقَطَ also signifies He descended [from the place which he occupied], and his place became vacant. (TA.) And you say, سَقَطَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ مَنْزِلَتِهِ (tropical:) [Such a one fell from his honourable station]. (TA.) And سَقَطَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ عَيْنِى (tropical:) [Such a one fell from the place which he held in my regard]. (TA.) سَقَاطَةٌ, as an inf. n., meaning (assumed tropical:) The being ignoble in respect of the deeds or qualities of one's ancestors, and of oneself, [as though its verb were سَقُطَ,] is a mistake, although it has been used, for the purpose of assimilation, coupled with وَقَاحَةٌ. (Mgh.) b10: [Also, (assumed tropical:) He dropped off; fell behind: he, or it, remained behind, or in the rear. See سَاقِطٌ.] b11: سَقَطَ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) [He deviated from the road]. (IAar, TA in art. فجر.) b12: سَقَطَ فِى كَلَامِهِ, (M, K,) and بِكَلَامِهِ, (TA,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ; (M, TA;) and فى كلامه ↓ أَسْقَطَ; (S, TA;) (tropical:) He committed a mistake in his speech. (M, K, TA.) And تَكَلَّمَ فَمَا سَقَطَ بِكَلِمَةٍ, (M, TA,) and كَلِمَةً ↓ مَا أَسْقَطَ, and فِى كَلِمَةٍ ↓ مَاأَسْقَطَ, (M, K,) (tropical:) He spoke, and did not commit a mistake in a word. (M, K, TA.) And تَكَلَّمَ بِكَلَامٍ

فَمَا سَقَطَ بِحَرْفٍ, and حَرْفًا ↓ مَا أَسْقَطَ, [held by him on whose authority it is mentioned to mean (assumed tropical:) He spoke speech, and did not drop a letter, or a word; for this is] said by Yaakoob to be like دَخَلْتُ بِهِ and أَدْخَلْتُهَ, &c. (S.) b13: سَقَطَ ذِكْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) [The mention of him, or it, was, or became, dropped, left out, or omitted]. (TA, passim.) And سَقَطَ الرَّجُلُ (tropical:) The man's name fell out, or became dropped, from the register of soldiers or pensioners. (TA.) b14: سَقَطَتْ قُوَّتُهُ دُونَ بُلُوغِ الأمْرِ [His power fell short of the attainment or accomplishment, of the affair.] (TA in art. ذرع.) b15: [سَقَطَ, inf. n. سُقُوطٌ, likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) It (a claim or demand, a due, an argument or a plea, a condition, a law, a command or prohibition, a gift, a reward, a punishment, a good action, a sin, &c.,) became null, annulled, void, of no force, or of no account; as though it fell to the ground, or became dropped; whence سَقَطَ حُكْمُهُ, by which phrase بَطَلَ, q. v., is expl. in the Msb.] Yousay, سَقَطَ الفَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) [The assigned, or appointed, gift, or soldier's stipend or pay, became annulled], meaning سَقَطَ طَلَبُهُ وَالأَمْرُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [the demand for it and the order for it became dropped]. (Msb.) And إِذَاصَحَّتِ المَوَدَّةُ سَقَطَتٌ ضْلَرRُرُوطُ الأَدَبِ وَ التَّكْلِيفِ (assumed tropical:) [When love, or affection, is free from imperfection, the conditions of politeness and constraint become annulled]. (TA.) And سَقَطَتْ خَطَايَاهُ (assumed tropical:) His sins fell [from him]; went away; or departed. (TA in art. خر.) b16: سَقَطَ الحَرُّ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. سُقُوطٌ, (M,) (tropical:) The heat fell [like as one says of rain]; (M, K;) it befell; (TA;) it came. (K.) But سَقَطَ عَنَّا الحَرَّ (assumed tropical:) The heat left us or quitted us: (IAar, M, K:) as though the verb had two contr. significations. (M, K. *) b17: سَقَطَ الحَدِيثُ مِنْكَ إِلَيْهِ وَمِنْهُ إِلَيْكَ (tropical:) [Discourse fell from thee to him, and from him to thee]: (M:) or سَقَطَ مِنْ كُلٍ عَلَى الاّخَرِ (tropical:) [it fell from each to the other]. (K.) 3 ساقطهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُسَاقَطَةٌ and سِقَاطٌ, (M, K,) i. q. ↓ أَسْقَطَهُ [q. v.]: (K:) or he made it to fall, fall down, drop, drop down, or tumble down, in consecutive portions or quantities; syn. تَابَعَ إِسْقَاطَهُ [in the CK اَسْقاطَهُ]: (M, K:) or it has both of these significations. (So in the L, and in some copies of the S; but in one copy of the S, the former only is mentioned.) A poet says, (S, M,) namely Dábi Ibn-El-Hárith ElBurjumee, (TA,) describing a [wild] bull and the dogs, (S,) يُسَاقِطُ عَنْهُ رَوْقُهُ ضَارِ يَاتِهَا سِقَاطَ حَدِيدِ القَيْنِ أَخْوَلَ أَخْوَلَا [His horn makes to fall consecutively from him those of them that were trained for hunting, as the iron of the blacksmith makes sparks to fall consecutively, scattered about]. (S, M.) b2: ساقط الخَيْلَ (tropical:) He (a horse) outstripped the [other] horses: (TA:) [as though he made them to drop behind him, one after another.] b3: ساقطهُ الحَدِيثَ, (M, K,) inf. n. سِقَاطٌ (S, M, A) and مُسَاقَطَةٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [He discoursed with him alternately;] discourse fell (سَقَطَ) from each of them to the other, (M, K,) so as that one discoursed, and the other listened to him, and when he became silent, he who had been silent discoursed: (S, K:) or he discoursed to him telling him thing after thing. (A, TA.) b4: كَانَ يُسَاقِطُ ذٰلِكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ (assumed tropical:) He used to relate that from the Apostle of God amid his discourse; as though he mixed his discourse therewith. (TA, from a trad.) A2: ساقط الفَرَسُ العَدْوَ, (M, K,) inf. n. سِقَاطٌ, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) The horse came [running] in a slack, or languid, manner: (S, * M, K, TA:) or سِقَاطٌ in a horse is the incessantly having the foot wounded and made to bleed by stones, or hurt thereby. (A, TA.) You say also فَرَسٌ رَيّثُ السِقَاطِ (assumed tropical:) A horse slow in running. (TA.) b2: ساقط الرَّجُلُ, inf. n. سِقَاطٌ, (tropical:) The man failed of attaining to the condition of the generous, or noble. (TA.) 4 اسقطهُ He made it to fall, fall down, drop, drop down, or tumble down; threw it down; dropped it; let it fall; (S, * M, Mgh, Msb;) upon the ground; (Mgh;) or from a higher to a lower place. (Msb.) See also 3, first sentence. b2: أَسْقَطَتٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or اسقطت وَلَدَهَا, (M, K,) or the latter is wrong, (MF,) for the Arabs disused, as some say, the objective complement after this verb, scarcely, or never, saying أَسْقَطَتْ سِقْطًا, nor do they say, أُسْقِطَ الوَلَدُ, (Msb, MF,) or the lawyers use these last two phrases, but they are not Arabic, (Mgh,) or a phrase like the last, i. e. أُسْقِطَتِ الأَجِنَّةُ, occurs in an Arabic verse, (TA,) She (a pregnant female, Mgh, Msb, or a woman, M, B, and so in a copy of the S, or a camel or other animal, as in some copies of the S and in the O, or, accord. to El-Kálee, only said of a woman, like as اجهضت is only said of a she-camel, TA,) cast her young one, or fœtus or her young; brought forth her young one, or fœtus, or her young, abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (S, * M, Msb, K, B,) or dead, (Mgh,) but having the form developed, or manifest. (Mgh, Msb.) b3: أُسْقِطِ فِى

يَدِهِ: see 1. b4: اسقطهُ السُّلْطَانُ (tropical:) [The Sultán made him to fall, or degraded him, مِنْ مَنْزِلَتِهِ from his honourable station]. (TA.) b5: [اسقط also signifies (assumed tropical:) He dropped, left out, or omitted, a letter of a word, a word of a phrase, &c.] Yousay, اسقط حَرْفًا, and كَلِمَةٍ, and فِى كَلِمَةٍ, and فِىكَلَامِهِ: see 1. And اسقط الفَارِضُ اسْمَهُ (tropical:) The appointer, or registrar, of the stipends of soldiers or pensioners dropped, left out, or omitted, his name. (TA.) b6: [Also (assumed tropical:) He, or it, annulled; made, or rendered, null, void, of no force, or of no account; he rejected; said in relation to a claim or demand, a due, an argument or a plea, a condition, a law, a command or prohibition, a gift, a reward, a punishment, a good action, a sin, &c.; of any of these you say, اسقطهُ, and اسقط حُكْمَهُ: see an ex. voce هَدَرَ: and see 1, near the end of the paragraph. Hence,] اسقط مِنَ الثَّمَنِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He abated of the price so much; syn. حَطَّ. (Mgh and Msb in art. حط.) b7: اسقطهُ is erroneously put in the K, in one instance, for استسقطهُ. (TA.) See 5.

A2: أَسْقَطُوا لَهُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) They reviled him with evil speech. (TA.) 5 تسقّطهُ (tropical:) He sought his mistake, or error: (S, K, TA:) (tropical:) he strove, or laboured, to make him commit a mistake, or an error; or to make him lie; or to make him reveal what he had to tell; (M, K, TA;) as also ↓ استسقطهُ; (M, TA;) in the copies of the K, ↓ أَسْقَطَهُ, which is a mistake. (TA.) b2: تسقّط الخَبَرَ (tropical:) He took, or received, the news, or information, by little and little; (K, TA;) thing after thing: mentioned by Aboo-Turáb, on the authority of Abu-l-Mikdám EsSulamee. (TA.) 6 تساقط: see its variation اِسَّاقَطَ in 1; first sentence. b2: It fell in consecutive portions or quantities [like the leaves of a tree, &c.; by degrees; gradually]. (M, K.) A poet says, كَنَجْمِ الثُّرَيَّا وَأَمْطَارِهَا وَيَوْمٍ تَسَاقَطُ لَذَّاتُهُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Many a day] of which the pleasures come one thing after another; [such a day being like the asterism of the Pleiades, and the pleasures thereof like its rains;] meaning the abounding of its pleasures. (TA.) And you say, تَسَاقَطَ إِلَىَّ خَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The wealth of such a one fell, or came, to me, one thing after another]. (TA.) b3: تساقط عَلَى الشَّىٌءِ He threw himself upon the thing. (S.) You say, تساقط عَلَى الرَّجُلِ يَقِيه بِنَفْسِهِ [He threw himself upon the man, protecting him with his own person]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْقَطَ see 5.

سَقْطٌ: see سِقْطٌ, in three places: A2: and سَقِيطٌ, in two places: b2: and سَاقِطٌ: b3: and سَقْطَةٌ.

سُقْطٌ: see سِقْطٌ, in three places.

سِقْطٌ and ↓ سُقْطٌ and ↓ سَقْطٌ A child, or young one, or fœtus, that falls from the belly of the mother abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (S, M, Msb, K,) or dead, (Mgh,) but having the form developed, or manifest; (Mgh, Msb;) for otherwise it is not so called; (Mgh;) whether male or female: (Msb, TA:) the first of these three forms is the most common: and the pl. is أَسْقَاطٌ. (TA.) The reward which a father will receive for such offspring is [held to be] more than that for adult offspring. (TA.) b2: Hence, (M, B, TA,) the same three words, (K,) or سِقْطُ النَّارِ and ↓ سُقْطُهَا and ↓ سَقْطُهَا, (S, M, Msb,) (tropical:) What falls, (S, M, Msb, K,) of fire, (S,) from the زَنْد, (Msb,) or between the زَنْدَانِ, (M, K,) when one produces fire, (S,) or before the emission of the fire is thoroughly effected: (M, K:) masc. and fem. (Fr, S, K.) b3: Also سِقْطُ رَمْلٍ and ↓ سُقْطُهُ and ↓ سَقْطُهُ (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ مَسْقَطُهُ (M, K) and ↓ مَسْقِطُهُ (M, TA) [The fall, or slope, of a tract, or quantity, of sand;] the place where sand [falls, or slopes, and] ends: (S:) or the place to which the extremity of sand extends: (Msb:) or the place where the main portion of sand ends, and where it [falls, or slopes, and] becomes thin; (M, K;) for it is [derived] from سُقُوطٌ [inf. n. of 1]. (M.) b4: Also سِقْطٌ (tropical:) The edge, or extremity, of a cloud: (M, K:) or the part of a cloud where the edge, or extremity, is seen as though it were falling upon the earth, in the horizon. (S.) b5: And hence, or from the same word as used in relation to sand, (TA,) (tropical:) The similar part of a [tent of the kind called]

خِبَآء: (S:) or the lowest strip of cloth, that is next the ground, on either side of a خبآء: (A, TA:) or the side of a خبآء: (K:) or [each of] the two sides thereof. (M.) b6: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سِقَاطٌ and ↓ مَسْقَطٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) The wing; (K;) each of the two wings; (S, M;) of a bird; (M, K;) or of a male ostrich. (S.) And سِقْطُ جَنَاحِ الطَّائِرِ (tropical:) The part of the wing of the bird which it drags upon the ground. (S, TA.) b7: [And hence,] سِقْطَا اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) The two sides of the darkness of night; (TA;) the beginning and end thereof; (S, TA;) as also ↓ سِقَاطَاهُ: (TA:) whence the saying of the poet, (S, TA,) namely Er-Rá'ee, (TA,) حَتَّى إِذَامَا أَضَآءَالصُّبْحُ وَ أَنْبَعَثَتْ عَنْهُ نَعَامَةُ ذِى سِقْطَيْنِ مُعْتَكِرِ (tropical:) [Until, when the dawn shone, and the blackness of confused night became dispelled from it]: he means by نعامة the “ blackness ” of night: he says that the night, having its beginning and end, passed, and the dawn shone clearly. (S, TA.) سَقَطٌ What is made to fall, thrown down, or dropped, of, or from, a thing, (M, K,) and held in mean estimation: (TA:) and [in like manner]

↓ سُقَاطَةٌ the refuse of anything; (IDrd;) or what falls, of, or from, a thing, (M, K,) and is held in mean estimation; (TA;) as also ↓ سُقَاطٌ; (K;) or, accord. to some, this last is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], and ↓ سُقَاطَهٌ is its sing. [or n. un.]; and سُقَاطَاتٌ is also a pl. of this last. (TA.) [Hence,] سَقَطُ الطَّعَامِ (tropical:) What is worthless, of food: (M, K: *) or what falls from, or of, food: (M:) and [in like manner] ↓ سُقَاطَةٌ and ↓ سُقَاطٌ refuse that falls, and is held in mean estimation, of, or from, food and beverage and the like: (TA:) the pl. of سَقَطٌ is أَسْقَاطٌ. (K.) And سَقَطُ المَتَاعِ (tropical:) What is worthless, paltry, mean, vile, or held in little account, of the furniture or utensils of a house or tent, or of household goods: (S, Msb, K:) or the refuse thereof; (Mgh;) and so المَتَاعِ ↓ سُقَاطَةُ: (TA:) and سَقَطُ البَيْتِ signifies the same; (M;) or such articles of the tent or house as the needle and the axe and the cookingpot and the like: (Lth:) pl. as above. (M.) And hence, آَسْقَاطُ النَّاسِ (q. v. infrà, as also سَقَطُ النَّاسِ, voce سَاقِطٌ). (Lh, M.) سَقَطٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Things of which the sale is held in mean estimation; such as the seeds that are used in cooking, for seasoning food; and the like; (M, TA;) or such as sugar and raisins. (A, TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) The parts of a slaughtered beast that are held in mean estimation; such as the legs and the stomach and the liver, and the like of these: pl. as above. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A mistake, or an error, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in speech, (M, Msb, K,) in reckoning, (S, M, K,) in writing, (S, M, Mgh, K,) and in action; (Msb;) as also ↓ سِقَاطٌ. (M, K.) [See also ↓ سَقْطَةٌ.] b3: (tropical:) A disgraceful; or shameful, thing; a vice, or fault, or the like. (M, K, TA.) b4: سَقَطُ الكَلَامِ (tropical:) Evil speech. (TA.) سَقْطَةٌ [A fall: or] a violent fall. (M, TA.) b2: (tropical:) A slip, lapse, fault, or wrong action; as also ↓ سِقَاطٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ سَقْطٌ; which last is also used in a pl. sense: (TA:) or the second (سقاط) is pl. of سَقْطَةٌ: (Msb, K:) as sing., it is an inf. n. of سَاقَطَ: (TA:) and سَقْطَةٌ also signifies a bad word or saying, that swerves from rectitude: (TA in art. عور:) its pl., or one of its pls., is سَقَطَاتٌ. (TA.) You say, لَايَخْلُو أَحَدٌ مِنْ سَقْطَةٍ (tropical:) [No one will be free from a slip]. (TA.) And الكَامِلُ مَنْ عُدَّتْ سَقَطَاتُهُ (tropical:) [The perfect is he whose slips are so few that they may be counted]. (TA.) سَقَطِىُّ (Mgh, K) and ↓ سَقَّاطٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) the latter disallowed by some, (Mgh, TA,) but occurring in a trad., (S, Mgh, TA,) A seller of what is worthless, or mean, or vile, of the furniture or utensils of a house or tent, or of household goods; (S, K;) or of the refuse thereof; (Mgh;) of what are termed سَقَطُ المَتَاعِ: (S, Mgh, K:) those who disallow the latter epithet term such a person صَاحِبُ سَقَطِ: (TA:) or ↓ the latter epithet signifies a seller of things of which the sale is held in mean estimation; such as the seeds that are used in cooking, for seasoning food; and the like; which are termed سَقَطٌ. (M.) [See also أَسْقَاطِىٌّ.]

سَقَاطٌ: see سَقَّاطٌ.

سُقَاطٌ: see سَقَطٌ, in two places.

سِقَاطٌ What falls from palm-trees, of unripe dates: (K:) or such are termed سِقَاطُ النَّخْلِ: (M:) سقاط, thus used, may be a sing., or pl. of سَاقِطٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Dates that are brought from El-Yemámeh by those who journey thither to procure them. (M, K.) b3: See also سَقْطَةٌ: and سَقَطٌ, near the end of the paragraph: b4: and see سِقْطٌ, in two places, near the end of the paragraph.

سَقُوطٌ: see سَاقِطٌ.

سَقِيطٌ Hoar-frost, or rime; i. e. dew that falls and congeals upon the ground; (S, M, K;) also called جَلِيدٌ and ضَرِيبٌ; (S in art. جلد;) of the dial. of Teiyi. (M.) b2: Snow; (S, TA;) as also ↓ سَقْطٌ. (K, TA.) b3: Hail: (K:) or this is called سَقِيطُ السَّحَابِ. (M, TA.) b4: What falls, or has fallen, of dew, (M, K, TA,) upon the ground; (M, TA;) as also ↓ سَقْطٌ. (K, TA.) b5: دُرٌّسَقِيطٌ Scattered pearls. (TA.) And وَرَقٌ سِقَاطٌ [Scattered leaves]: the latter word is pl. of سَقِيطٌ, like as طِوَالٌ is pl. of طَوِيلٌ. (TA.) b6: See also سَاقِطٌ.

A2: A whelp; syn. جِرْوٌ. (TA.) A3: It is also said by some to signify Baked pottery; but the correct word in this sense is with ش. (TA.) سُقَاطَةٌ: see سَقَطٌ, in four places.

سَقِيطَةٌ: see سَاقِطٌ, in two places.

سَقَّاطٌ (S, Sgh, L, K) and ↓ سَقَاطٌ, (K,) or سَقَّاطٌ وَرَآءَ الضَّرِيبَةِ, (M,) A sword that falls behind the object struck therewith, cutting it so as to pass to the ground: (S, K:) or that cuts the object struck therewith, and then reaches to what is after it: (M, K:) or that cleaves so as to reach to the ground after cutting: (IAar, M:) or that passes through the object struck therewith, and then falls. (Expos. of the Deewán of the Hudhalees.) A2: See سَقَطِىٌّ, in two places.

سُقَّيْطٌ i. q. حَبُّ العَزِيزِ [The small tubercles that compose the root of the cyperus esculentus: or that plant itself]. (TA.) سُقَّاطَةٌ [A door-latch;] a thing that is put over the upper part of a door, and that falls upon it, so that it becomes fastened. (TA.) سَاقِطٌ Falling; falling down; dropping; dropping down; tumbling down; as also ↓ سَقُوطٌ; (M, K;) which latter is both masc. and fem. (M, TA.) b2: ↓ سَاقِطَةٌ [its fem., as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] A fruit that falls before maturity: pl. سَوَاقِطُ: which also signifies what falls from palm-trees: or branches that fall; not fruits. (Mgh.) b3: هُوَ سَاقِطٌ فِى يَدِهِ: see مَسْقُوطٌ. b4: لَاقِطَةٌ ↓ لِكُلِّ سَاقِطَةٍ (tropical:) For every saying that falls from one, there is a person who will take it up: (Msb:) or for every word that falls from the mouth of the speaker, there is a person who will hear it and pick it up and publish it: a prov., relating to the guarding of the tongue: (TA:) the ة in لاقطة is either to give intensiveness to the meaning or for the purpose of assimilation. (Msb.) b5: مِنْ حَرٍ ↓ سَوَاقِطُ (tropical:) Fallings of heat. (M, TA.) [See 1, near the end of the paragraph.] b6: سَاقِطٌ also signifies Hanging down; pendent; pendulous: and the pl. is سُقَّاطٌ. (TA.) b7: [And Tottering by reason of age.] Yousay شَيْخٌ سَاقِطٌ كِبَرًا [An old man tottering by reason of age]. (K in art. درهم.) b8: Also (assumed tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean, in respect of the deeds or qualities of his ancestors, and of himself; (S, Mgh;) and so ↓ سَاقِطَةٌ: (S:) or, (assumed tropical:) in respect of the deeds or qualities of his ancestors, and of his race; and so ↓ سَاقِطَةٌ: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) one who is not reckoned among the better, or best, class of young men; as also ↓ سَقْطٌ: (K:) (tropical:) one who is, or remains, behind, or in the rear of, other men: (M, K:) [obscure, unnoted, reputeless, or of no reputation:] pl. سُقَّاطٌ (S, Mgh, TA) and سَقْطَى (S, TA) and سِقَاطٌ, which last is like نِيَامٌ as pl. of نَائِمٌ, and سُقَطَآءُ, [by rule a pl. of سَقِيطٌ, which see in what follows,] and ↓ سَوَاقِطُ [is pl. of سَاقِطَةٌ]. (TA.) The epithets سَاقِطٌ مَاقِطٌ لَاقِطٌ are used together, as signifying (assumed tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean; applied to a man; as is said in the L: or, accord. to the O, [and the S in art. مقط,] the Arabs say, in reviling, فُلَانٌ سَاقِطُ بْنُ مَاقِطِ بْنِ لَاقِطٍ, meaning Such a one is a slave of a slave of a slave of a freedman, son of a slave of a slave of a freedman, son of a slave of a freedman; the ساقط being the slave of the ماقط, and the ماقط being the slave of the لاقط, and the لاقط being the slave of the freedman. (TA.) سُقَّاطُ النَّاسِ signifies, accord. to IAar, (assumed tropical:) The refuse, rabble, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people; (TA in art. خشر;) as also النَّاسِ ↓ سَقَطُ, (TA,) and النَّاسِ ↓ أَسْقَاطُ, as being likened to those articles of a tent or house which are termed سَقَطٌ, q. v.: (Lh, M:) and سُقَّاطُ الجُنْدِ (assumed tropical:) Soldiers of whom no account is made. (TA.) ↓ سَاقِطَةٌ, (M, L, TA,) in the K ↓ سَقِيطَةٌ, but this is a mistake, (TA,) or, applied to a man, only used when immediately followed by لَقِيطَةٌ, (TA in art. لقط,) also signifies (assumed tropical:) Deficient in intellect, or intelligence, or understanding; (M, L, K;) as also ↓ سَقِيطٌ; (Ez-Zejjájee, M, L, K;) and ↓ سَقِيطَة is the fem. of the latter; (M, L, TA;) and signifies also, applied to a woman, (assumed tropical:) Low, ignoble, base, vile, or mean, (S, TA,) and stupid. (So in some copies of the S, and in the TA.) You say also, الفِعْلِ ↓ هُوَ سَاقِطَةُ (assumed tropical:) [He is mean in conduct: or one of whose actions no account is made]. (TA.) b9: Also, [as signifying (assumed tropical:) Vile, mean, or paltry,] applied to a thing: (TA in art. لقط:) [a thing] (assumed tropical:) falling short of the due, or just, mean. (M in art. وسط.) b10: سَاقِطُ الشَّدِ (assumed tropical:) A horse that runs interruptedly. (A, TA.) b11: ↓ سَوَاقِطُ (tropical:) Persons who come to El-Yemámeh to bring thence for themselves provisions of dates. (M, K, TA.) b12: And ↓ this last word, (assumed tropical:) Small, low mountains, [as though] cleaving to the ground. (TA.) سَاقِطَةٌ, and its pl. سَوَاقِطُ: see سَاقِطٌ, throughout.

أَسْقَاطِىُّ (assumed tropical:) One who sells the parts of a slaughtered beast that are called سَقَطٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) [See also سَقَطِىٌّّ.]

مِسْقِطٌ (S, M, K) and مَسْقَطٌ, (M, K,) the former extr. [with respect to rule, though the contr. with respect to usage], (M,) and the latter an inf. n. as well as a noun of place [and of time], (S, K,) A place [and a time] of falling, falling down, dropping, dropping down, or tumbling down, (S, M, K,) of a thing; (M, TA;) as, for instance, of a whip, and of rain: pl. مَسَاقِطُ. (TA.) b2: مَسْقِطُ الرَّأْسِ, (K,) and مَسْقَطُهُ, (As,) and المسقط alone, (A, TA,) (tropical:) The place of birth. (K, TA.) You say, هٰذَامَسْقِطُ رَأْسِى (tropical:) This is my birthplace. (S.) And البَصْرَةُ مَسْقَطُ رَأْسِى (tropical:) [El-Basrah is my birth-place]. (M.) And هُوَ يَحِنُّ إِلَىمَسْقِطِهِ (tropical:) He yearns towards his birth-place. (A, TA.) b3: اتَانَا فِى مَسْقِطِ النَّجْمِ (tropical:) He came to us at the time of the setting of the star, or asterism; (S, TA;) [meaning, at the time of the auroral setting of the Pleiades: see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] b4: مَسْقِطٌ also signifies The place of the ending of anything. (TA.) See سِقْطٌ, in three places.

مُسْقِطٌ Casting her young one or fœtus; bringing it forth abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (M, K,) [or dead, but having the form developed, or manifest: see 4.]

هٰذَا الفِعْلُ مَسْقَطَةٌ لَلْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ (tropical:) [This deed is a cause of a man's falling from the place which he holds in the regard of people]: (S, K: *) said when one does a thing that is not proper for him to do. (TA.) مِسْقَاطٌ Accustomed to cast her young; to bring them forth abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (K,) [or dead, but having the form developed, or manifest: see 4.]

تَمْرَةٌ مَسْقُوطَةٌ [A fallen date]: some say that this means سَاقِطَةٌ: others, ذَاتُ سُقُوطٍ [having a falling]: it may be from أَسْقَطِهُ; like مَحْمُومٌ from أَحَمَّهُ اللّٰهُ. (TA.) b2: هُوَ مَسْقُوطٌ فِى يَدِهِ (tropical:) He is repenting, and abject; as also فِى ↓ سَاقِطٌ يَدِهِ (TA.) مَشَى مُتَسَاقِطًا (tropical:) [He walked, or went, in a slack, or languid, manner; as though repeatedly stumbling; or as though throwing himself down: see 3, near the end; and see also 6]. (A in art. طرح.)

فتح

1 فَتَحَ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (Msb,) He opened, (MA,) i. q. فَرَجَ, (Msb,) and [app. he unlocked,] contr. of أَغْلَقَ, (Msb, K,) a door; (S, A, MA, Msb;) and so ↓ فتّح, and ↓ افتتح; (K;) or you say ↓ فَتَّحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ [I opened the doors], this verb being with teshdeed to denote multiplicity [of the objects]; (S;) and ↓ استفتح signifies the same as ↓ افتتح; (S, * K;) i. e. each of these signifies he opened a door; (TK;) you say الشَّىْءَ ↓ اِسْتَفْتَحْتُ and ↓ اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ [I opened the thing; and the former signifies also I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing]; (S, TA;) and البَابَ ↓ جَآءَ يَسْتَفْتِحُ [He came opening the door; or seeking, or demanding, the opening of the door; the latter being the more obvious meaning]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ [Such a one, the eye will not be opened upon the like of him]. (A.) b3: And فَتَحْتُ القَنَاةَ, inf. n. as above, I opened the conduit, in order that the water might run, and irrigate the seed-produce. (Msb.) b4: And فَتَحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [He made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs; like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا]. (S in art. رهو.) b5: And فَتَحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. He parted his toes; if not a mistake for فَتَخَ, as it seems probably to be from the fact of its being expl. as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i. e. the upper part, of his foot. (Mgh.) b6: فَتَحَتْ, said of a she-camel, [and of a sheep or goat (see فَتُوحٌ),] She had wide orifices to her teats; as also ↓ افتحت; (S, K;) and ↓ افتتحت. (TK: but this I do not find in the K.) b7: [The following meanings are tropical.] b8: فَتَحَ, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ; (K;) and ↓ افتتح; (K, TA;) (tropical:) [He laid open by invasion, to (عَلَى) such a person, or such a people, (see an ex. voce طَرَفٌ,) i. e.] he conquered, won, or took by force, (Msb,) a country (A, Msb, K, TA) of the unbelievers, (A, TA,) or of a people with whom there was war. (K, TA.) b9: [فَتَحَهُ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) He granted it, permitted it, allowed it, or made it to be unrestricted, to him. See Ksh and Bd in xxxv. 2.] b10: فَتَحَ المُشْكِلَ (assumed tropical:) He explained, or made clear, that which was dubious, or confused. (Bd in vii. 87.) And اِفْتَحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [Open, or reveal, thy secret to me; not to such a one]. (A, TA.) b11: [Hence,] فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He taught him, informed him, or acquainted him. (TA.) [You say, فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He taught him such a thing, informed him of it, or acquainted him with it.] b12: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) [He prompted him; i. e.] he recited to him (namely, an Imám, A, Msb, or a reciter, A, TA) what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], in order that he might know it. (Msb, TA. *) And فَتَحَ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَقْرَأَهُ (tropical:) [He recited something to him who desired him to do so, the latter being unable to do it]. (TA.) b13: And, said of God, (tropical:) He aided him against his enemy; or made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome; syn. نَصَرَهُ. (A, Msb.) b14: فُتِحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one became fortunate; possessed of good fortune; favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances. (A, TA.) b15: فَتَحَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُوحًا كَثِيرَةً (tropical:) is said of persons who have been rained upon [as meaning God bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains]. (A.) b16: فَتَحَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A,) or بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (Msb,) or بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ, (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (T, Msb, K,) and فُتَاحَةٌ (S, * K) and فِتَاحَةٌ are syn. therewith [app. as inf. ns.], (K,) and فُتُوحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (L,) in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) He judged (T, Msb, K, TA) between them, (A,) or between the men, (Msb,) or between the two litigants. (K.) You say, اِفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا Judge thou between us: (S:) thus in the Kur vii. 87. (TA.) And مَا أَحْسَــنَ فِتَاحَتَهُ How good is his judging, or judgment ! (A.) b17: [فَتَحَ الحَرْفَ, a conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology, He pronounced the letter with the vowel-sound termed فَتْح: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel-sound.]2 فتّح: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Also, said of a medicine &c., It opened the bowels; acted as an aperient: and it removed obstructions: see the act. part. n.]3 فاتحهُ [He addressed him first]. One says, المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Kings shall not be addressed first with speech]. (A.) b2: And, (A, K, * TA,) inf. n. مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He commenced a dispute, debate, discussion, or controversy, with him: (TA:) or (tropical:) he summoned him to the judge, and litigated with him. (A, K, * TA.) b3: And فاتحهُ signifies also (tropical:) He bargained with him and gave him nothing: in the case of his giving him, one says فاتكهُ. (IAar, TA; and O and K in art. فتك.) b4: And فاتح (assumed tropical:) He compressed (K, TA) his wife. (TA.) b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) He rendered a thing easy: b6: and (assumed tropical:) He was liberal. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]4 أَفْتَحَ see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.5 تَفَتَّحَ see 7, in three places. [Hence,] تفتّح النَّوْرُ The blossom [or blossoms] opened. (MA.) and تفتّح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ The calyxes burst open [from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them]. (TA.) b2: [تفتّح فِى الكَلَامِ is like our phrase (assumed tropical:) He showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech, or talk.] And you say, تفتّح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ (L, in the K مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ,) (assumed tropical:) He boasted of, or boasted himself in, or made a vain display of, what he had, or possessed, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments: (L, K: *) and تفتّح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) He boasted of it, or boasted himself in it, against us. (L.) 6 تَفَاتَحَا كَلَامًا بَيْنَهُمَا (assumed tropical:) They two talked together with a suppressed voice, exclusively of others [i. e. so as not to be heard by others]. (K.) 7 انفتح quasi-pass. of فَتَحَ, said of a door, (S, A, Msb, TA,) It opened, or became opened or open; (Msb;) as also ↓ تفتّح: (TA:) or the latter is quasi-pass. of فَتَّحَ, so that you say, الأَبْوَابُ ↓ تَفَتَّحَتِ [The doors opened, or became opened or open]. (S.) b2: And انفتح عَنْهُ It (anything) became removed from over it, or from before it, (i. e. another thing,) so as to disclose it, or expose it to view. (TA.) [And ↓ تفتّح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]8 إِفْتَتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places. b2: One says also, افتتح الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) (A, MA) He opened, or commenced, prayer: (MA:) اِفْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ meaning (tropical:) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, i. e., before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I commenced it with such a thing. (Msb.) And مَا أَحْسَــنَ مَا افْتُتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ (tropical:) [How good is that with which our year has commenced !]; said when the sign, or token, [or prognostic,] of plenty, or abundance of herbage, has appeared. (A, TA.) 10 إِسْتَفْتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. b2: آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَفْتِحُ is a saying of Mohammad, meaning I shall come to the gate of Paradise and seek, or demand, or ask for, the opening thereof. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, the first of the trads. mentioned therein, and thus expl. in the margin of a copy of that work.) b3: استفتحهُ القُرْآنَ (tropical:) He desired, or asked, him to explain the Kur-án. (MA.) b4: استفتحهُ الإِمَامُ (tropical:) [The Imám desired, or asked, him to prompt him; i. e., to recite to him what he was unable to utter by reason of forgetfulness: see فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ]. (A, TA.) b5: And استفتح signifies also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, aid against an enemy, or victory. (S, Msb, K.) One says, استفتح بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He sought, &c., aid, or victory, by means of them. (L, from a trad.) And استفتح اللّٰهَ (tropical:) (A, TA) He desired, or asked, God to grant aid, or victory, (TA,) لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against, or over, the unbelievers]. (A.) b6: Also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, judgment. (L.) فَتْحٌ inf. n. of فَتَحَ [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) Conquest of a country: (K, TA:) pl. فُتُوحٌ (TA) [and pl. pl. فُتُوحَاتٌ]. يَوْمٌ الفَتْحِ means particularly (assumed tropical:) The day of the conquest of Mekkeh: (L:) and also (assumed tropical:) The day of resurrection. (Mujáhid, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Aid against an enemy; or victory; syn. نَصْرٌ; as also ↓ فَتَاحَةٌ. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid: pl. as above. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ; (L, K;) as also ↓ فَتُوحٌ [which see again in what follows]: (K:) or the first of any rain; as also ↓ فُتْحَةٌ: (L:) pl. of the first فُتُوحٌ, (A,) or ↓ فَتُوحٌ, with fet-h to the ف, (L,) [see the mention of this voce فَيْحٌ,] but MF strongly reprobates this latter form, and observes that فَعُولٌ as a pl. measure is absolutely unknown. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُوحٌ (tropical:) [First rains fell upon the land]. (A.) b6: (tropical:) Water running (S, K, TA) from a spring or other source: (S, TA:) or water running upon the surface of the earth: (AHn, TA:) or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land for its irrigation thereby: (L:) or a river, or rivulet, or canal of running water. (T, TA.) مَا سُقِىَ بِالفَتْحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ, and مَا سُقِىَ فَتْحًا, (L,) فَتْحًا being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., i. e. مَا فُتِحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْحًا, (Mgh, L, *) occurring in a trad., means In the case of that (relating to the several sorts of seed-produce, and palm-trees,) which is irrigated by means of the channel opened to conduct to it the water of the river [or rivers], the tithe [of the produce shall be taken]. (L.) b7: The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head that enters into the shaft of an arrow: (K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b8: The fruit of the tree called نَبْع, resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], (K, TA,) except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by men. (TA.) b9: [As a conventional term in grammar and lexicology, A certain vowel-sound, well-known: and ↓ فَتْحَةٌ signifies The sign of that vowel-sound.]

فُتُحٌ a word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (S.) You say بَابٌ فُتُحٌ A wide, open, door: (S, K:) or a large, wide, door. (Msb.) And قَارُورَةٌ فُتُحٌ A wide-headed bottle or flash: (S, K:) or a bottle, or flash, having neither a stopper nor a case: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) because, if so, it is open. (TA.) فَتْحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, last sentence.

فُتْحَةٌ An opening, or intervening space; syn. فُرْجَةٌ: pl. فُتَحٌ. (Msb.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A boasting of, or boasting oneself in, or making a vain display of, what one has, or possesses, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments. (L, K, * TA.) One says, مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْحَةُ الَّتِى أَظْهَرْتَهَا (assumed tropical:) What is this boasting, &c., which thou hast exhibited? (L.) IDrd thinks it to be not [genuine] Arabic. (L.) فَتْحَى Gain, profit, or increase obtained in traffic; syn. رِبْحٌ; [so accord. to the L; accord. to the copies of the K, erroneously, رِيحٌ i. e. “ wind; ”] mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-Buzurj: a poet says, أَكُلُّهُمُ لَا بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِمُ

إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ فَتْحَى مِنَ البَيْعِ عَاجِبُ [Are all of them, (may God not bless them,) when gain arising from selling is mentioned, in a state of wonder?]. (L.) فَتُوحٌ A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats; (S, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: pl. فُتْحٌ. (TA.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ, in two places.

فَتَاحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, fourth sentence.

فُتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end].

A2: الفُتَاحَةُ, thus in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح, but in the K ↓ الفُتَاحِيَةُ, there said to be with damm and without teshdeed, (TA,) A certain bird, different from that called الفَتَّاحُ, (K, TA,) tinged with redness. (TA.) فِتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end]. b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) The office of judge: one says, فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الفِتَاحَةَ (tropical:) Such a one was appointed to the office of judge. (A, TA.) b3: And [(tropical:) Litigation, or altercation:] one says, بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَاحَاتٌ (tropical:) Between them two are litigations, or altercations. (A, TA.) الفُتَاحِيَةُ: see الفُتَاحَةُ.

فَتَّاحٌ [An opener: and an unlocker. b2: and hence, (assumed tropical:) A conquerer. b3: And], in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) (tropical:) A judge; one who decides between litigants: (S, Msb, K, TA:) it is like ↓ فَاتِحٌ, but [this signifies simply judging, and the former] has an intensive signification. (Msb.) الفَتَّاحُ, as an epithet applied to God, in the Kur xxxiv. 25, means (assumed tropical:) The Judge: or, accord. to IAth, (assumed tropical:) the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to his servants. (TA.) b4: بَيْتٌ فَتَّاحٌ means A wide, or an ample, house or tent. (El-Fáïk, TA.) b5: And الفَتَّاحُ signifies A certain bird, (K,) which is black, and which moves about its tail much, or often; white in the base of the tail, beneath it; and there is a sort thereof red; (TA;) also called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ: (O in art. عجل:) pl. فَتَاتِيحُ, (K,) to which is added in the K, “without ا and ل; ”

but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it; and perhaps it should be correctly “ without ا and ت,” i. e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [as an affix to the sing.], as in the L &c. (MF, TA.) فَاتِحٌ [Opening: &c.]: see فَتَّاحٌ.

فَاتِحَةٌ (tropical:) The commencement, or first part, of a thing: (S, A, * K:) pl. فَوَاتِحُ. (A.) فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ, (Msb,) or فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ, (TA,) [and simply الفَاتِحَةُ, (assumed tropical:) The opening chapter, or exordium, of the Kur-án,] is [said to be] so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced therewith. (Msb.) One says also, قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا (tropical:) He recited the first part, or portion, of the chapter of the Kur-án and its last part, or portion. (A.) And فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ signifies (tropical:) The first parts, or portions, of the chapters of the Kur-án. (K, TA.) [See also مُفْتَتَحٌ.]

مَفْتَحٌ A place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; syn. خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ: [and a hoard; syn. خَزِينَةٌ:] and treasure; or buried property; syn. كَنْزٌ: (K, TA:) pl., in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ. (TA.) The pl. as occurring in the Kur xxviii. 76 is said to signify treasures or buried property (كُنُوز) and hoards (خَزَائِن [as pl. of خَزِينَةٌ, not of خِزَانَةٌ]): or hoards (خَزَاوئن) of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning: (L, TA:) or it there means keys, as pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ; (Ksh, Bd;) and it is said that they were of skins, of the measure of the finger, and were borne upon sixty mules, (Ksh, L, TA,) or seventy; but this is not a valid explanation. (L, TA.) مِفْتَحٌ see the next preceding paragraph, and the next but one following; the latter in two places. b2: Also A conduit (قَنَاة) of water. (TA.) مُفَتِّحٌ, applied to a medicine &c., Aperient; having the property of opening the bowels: and مُفَتِّحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ deobstruent; having the property of removing obstructions.]

مِفْتَاحٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ مِفْتَحٌ (Msb, K) A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; (Msb;) [a key] of a door; and of anything that is closed, or locked; (S;) an instrument for opening, (K, TA,) i. e. anything with which a thing is opened: (TA:) pl. of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ, said by Akh to be similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ; (S;) or مفاتيح is pl. مِفْتَاحٌ, and مفاتح is pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ [as well as of مَفْتَحٌ]. (Msb.) b2: مِفْتَاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ, said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer, means (tropical:) That which is as though it were the key thereof is the thing [or water] with which one purifies himself; being the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one's addressing himself boldly to the act of prayer. (Msb.) b3: And أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ, or مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ, accord. to different relaters, occurring in a trad., i. e. I have been given the keys of words, means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for the acquirement of eloquence and chasteness of speech, and the attaining to the understanding of obscure meanings, and novel and admirable kinds of knowledge, and the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed against others, and difficult to be learnt by them. (L.) b4: And المِفْتَاحُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) A certain brand upon the thigh and neck (K, TA) of a camel, in the form of what is [properly] thus called. (TA.) مَفْتُوحٌ An opened, or unclosed, [and an unlocked,] door. (Msb.) b2: [And (assumed tropical:) A light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical. b3: For other significations, see its verb.]

مَفَاتِيحُ, (unparalleled [in form] among sing. words, MF,) applied to a she-camel, Fat: pl. مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ: (K:) mentioned by Seer.(TA.) مُفْتَتَحٌ is an inf. n. [signifying The act of opening and commencing &c.]: and a n. of place and of time [signifying a place of opening and commencing &c. and a time thereof: and also the opening portion of the Kur-án; as shown voce خَاتَمٌ, q. v.]: and is a commonly-known and chaste word: though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the contr. significations] is not a chaste word: (TA in the present art.:) this, however, is not correct; for it is a chaste word, and of frequent occurrence. (TA in art. ختم.) يَوْمٌ مُنْفَتِحٌ بَالمَآءِ (tropical:) A day [of clouds] bursting, or opening vehemently, with rain. (A.) b2: الحُرُوفُ المُنْفَتِحَةُ (assumed tropical:) The letters of which the utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth which is called] the حَنَك; (TA;) all the letters of the alphabet except ص, ض, ط, and ظ. (K, TA.)

عدو

1 عَدَاهُ, (Mgh, K,) first Pers\. عَدَوْتُهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـْ (Mgh, Msb,) [inf. n. عَدْوٌ,] He passed from it, (Mgh, Msb, K,) namely, a thing, or an affair, (K,) to another, (Mgh, Msb,) and left it; (K;) and عَدَا عَنْهُ signifies the same; (K;) as also ↓ تعدّاه; (S, * K;) and in like manner one says, ↓ عَدَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَعْدِيَةٌ; (Msb;) [but I do not find this elsewhere, and think that correctly one should say, عَنْهُ ↓ عَدَّيْتُ; agreeably with what here follows:] the saying عَنْ هٰذَا ↓ عَدِّ means Leave thou this, and turn from it to another; and is app. from the phrase هَمَّكَ ↓ عَدِّ

إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Turn thy anxiety to other than him, or it]; the objective complement being altogether left out, so that the verb becomes as though it were intrans.; and there are many instances similar to this in the language: (Har p. 478:) one says, عَنِّى الهَمَّ ↓ عَدَّيْتُ I turned away from me anxiety: and [hence] you say to him who has pursued you, عَنِّى إِلَى غَيْرِى ↓ عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou the beast upon which thou art riding towards other than me: (TA:) and عَمَّا تَرَى ↓ عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou thine eye from what thou seest. (S.) [See an ex. of the first of these verbs in the Ham p. 125.] One says also, عَدَاهُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ تعدّاهُ The thing, or affair, passed from him. (TA. [See an ex. in the first paragraph of art. عدم.]) And the Arabs say, إِنَّ الجَرَبَ لَيَعْدُو, meaning Verily the mange, or scab, passes from him that has it to him that is near to him so that the latter becomes mangy, or scabby. (Msb.) And مَا عَدَا فُلَانٌ أَنْ صَنَعَ [app. meaning Such a one did not leave, or, accord. to an explanation of the verb in a similar phrase in Har p. 333, did not delay, his doing such a thing]. (S.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, العَدْوُ primarily signifies Transition; [whence what here precedes;] or the going, or passing, beyond, or the exceeding, a limit, or the usual limit: and incompatibility to coalesce. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] عَدَاهُ, aor. as above, [inf. n. عَدْوٌ,] He went, or passed, beyond it; exceeded it; or transgressed it. (S, TA. *) So in the saying عَدَا طَوْرَهُ [He went, or passed, beyond his proper limit; exceeded it; or transgressed it]: and in like manner, الحَقَّ ↓ تعدّى and ↓ اعتداهُ signify He went, or passed, beyond, &c., what was true, or right; and so عَنِ الحَقِّ, and فَوْقَ الحَقِّ. (TA.) أَمَا عَدَا مَنْ بَدَا, a saying in which the vulgar erroneously omit the interrogative أ, means Does not he transgress that which is right who begins by acting injuriously? (TA.) And it is said عَدَا القَارِصُ فَحَرَزَ (tropical:) What was biting to the tongue attained to an excessive degree, so that it became acid: meaning that the affair, or case, became distressing. (S in art. قرص.) b3: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. عَدْوٌ and عَدَآءٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عُدُوٌّ (S, Msb, K) and عُدْوَانٌ (ISd, Msb, K) and عِدْوَانٌ (ISd, K) and عُدْوَى; (K;) and ↓ تعدّى, and ↓ اعتدى; (S, Msb, K;) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, against him; (S, Msb, K;) and transgressed against him, or exceeded the proper limit against him: (S, Msb:) [and he acted aggressively against him; agreeably with an explanation of the inf. n. of the last of these verbs in what follows: (see an ex. in a verse cited voce رِيحٌ:)] or he acted with excessive wrongfulness, &c., against him: (Mgh:) and ↓ اعدى signifies the same as the other verbs here mentioned; (K, TA;) whence (TA) one says, فِى مَنْطِقِكَ ↓ أَعْدَيْتَ Thou hast deviated from that which is right in thy speech: (S, TA:) ↓ الاِعْتِدَآءُ is the exceeding what is right; and it is sometimes in the way of aggression; and sometimes in the way of requital; and instances of the usage of its verb in both of these manners occur in the Kur ii. 190: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the first and third of the inf. ns. of عَدَا, mentioned above, occur in the Kur vi.108 accord. to different readings: (S, TA:) and [it is said that] العُدْوَانُ signifies sheer, or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct: (S:) or, as some say, the worst of [such conduct, i. e., of] الاِعْتِدَآء, in strength, or deed, or state or condition. (TA.) b4: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ He acted corruptly towards him. (TA.) b5: And عُدِىَ عَلَيْهِ He had his property stolen, and was wronged. (TA.) And عَدَا عَلَى القُمَاشِ, inf. n. عَدَآءٌ [said in the TA to be like سَحَابٌ, but in the CK عَدًا,] and عُدْوَانٌ and عَدَوَانٌ, (K, TA,) but in the M written with damm and fet-h [i. e. عُدْوَان and عَدْوَان], (TA,) said of a thief, He stole the قماش [meaning goods, or utensils and furniture]. (K, TA.) And عَدَا فِى ظَهْرِهِ He stole what was behind him: (A in art. ظهر:) [or he acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind him: for] لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ is expl. by the words عَدَا فِى ظَهْرٍ فَسَرَقَهُ [so that it app. meansA thief who has acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind one, and stolen it]. (O and K in that art.) b6: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ, (TA,) signifies also He leaped upon him, or it. (K, TA.) b7: And عَدَا, (K,) or عَدَا فِى

مَشْيِهِ, (Msb,) aor. ـْ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عَدًا and عُدُوٌّ and عَدَوَانٌ and تَعْدَآءٌ, (K,) signifies أَحْضَرَ [i. e. He ran; or rose in his running]; (S, * K, TA;) said of a man and of a horse: (TA:) or he went a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) not so quick, (TA,) or which is not so quick, (Msb,) as that termed جَرْىٌ: (Msb, TA:) or he went a pace less quick than شَدٌّ and more so than مَشْىٌ: (TA in art. سعى:) or [he went quickly, or swiftly; for] العَدْوُ signifies السُّرْعَةُ: (Mgh:) [or rather he ran, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: that it often signifies he ran vehemently is shown by the prov. مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ ↓ أَعْدَى

More vehement in running than Suleyk, who is said to have outstripped fleet horses; and by numerous exs.:] and ↓ عّى signifies the same as عَدَا, denoting a quick pace. (TA in art. هبص.) b8: And [hence, perhaps,] عَدَا المَآءُ, aor. ـْ (assumed tropical:) The water ran. (TA.) A2: عَدَاهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ and عُدْوَانٌ; as also ↓ عدّاهُ; (K;) signifies He, or it, diverted him; or turned him away, or back; (S, K;) and occupied him so as to divert him; (K;) from the thing, or affair. (S, K.) You say, عَدَتْ عَوَادٍ. (S, TA. See عَادِيَةٌ, voce عُدَوَآءُ: and see also the last sentence of the first paragraph of art. عود.) b2: عَدَانِى مِنْهُ شَرٌّ means بَلَغَنِى [i. e., app., Evil, or mischief, reached me from him, or it]. (TA. [See a signi-fication of 4.]) A3: عَدِيتُ لَهُ signifies I hated him, or it. (ISd, K.) A4: عَدَا is also a verb by which one makes an exception, with مَا [preceding it] and without مَا: (S, K:) you say, جَآءَنِى القَوْمُ مَا عَدَا زَيْدًا [The people, or party, came to me, except Zeyd]; and جَاؤُونِى عَدَا زَيْدًا [which means the like]; putting what follows it in the accus. case; the agent being implied in it: (S: [see this expl. in what has been said of خَلَا as used in the same manner:]) accord. to MF, it is a verb when what follows it is put in the accus. case; and when what follows it is put in the gen. case, it is a particle, by common consent: (TA: [and the like is said in the Mughnee; i. e., that it is similar to خَلَا in respect of the explanations there given of the different usages of this latter; but that Sb did not know it to have been used otherwise than as having the quality of a verb:]) one says, رَأَيْتُهُمْ عَدَا أَخَاكَ and مَا عَدَاهُ, meaning مَا خَلَا [i. e. I saw them, except thy brother]: and sometimes it governs the gen. case without ما: thus in the M: Az says, [as though regarding it as only a particle,] when you suppress [ما], you make it to govern the accus. case as meaning إِلَّا and you make it to govern the gen. case as meaning سِوَى. (TA.2 عداهٌ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَعْدِيَةٌ, (K,) He made him, or it, to pass [from a thing, or an affair, to another: see 1, first sentence]: (S, K:) and he made it to pass through, and go beyond; syn. أَنْفَذَهُ. (K.) b2: Hence تَعْدِيَةُ الفِعْلِ, a phrase of the grammarians, [generally meaning (assumed tropical:) The making the verb transitive,] as in خَرَجَ زَيْدٌ فَأَخْرَجْتُهُ [Zeyd went forth and I made him to go forth]. (TA.) b3: See also 1, first quarter, in seven places: b4: and again, in the latter half, in two places.3 عاداهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُعَادَاةٌ, (S, K, TA,) [He treated him, or regarded him, with enmity, or hostility:] the verb in this phrase is that of which the epithet is عَدُوٌّ, and the subst. is عَدَاوَةٌ. (K, TA.) [It is perhaps from one of the three phrases next following]. b2: عادى الشَّىْءَ signifies He was, or became, distant, or aloof, from the thing; or he made the thing to be, or become, distant, or aloof; syn. بَاعَدَهُ. (TA.) And you say, فُلَانٌ لَا يُعَادِينِى وَلَا يُوَادِينِى, meaning لَا يُجَافِينِى وَلَا يُوَاتِينِى [app. Such a one will not make me to be, or become, remote, or aloof, from him, nor will he comply with me: but لَا يُوَادِينِى properly signifies he will not take from me the دِيَة, or bloodwit]. (TA.) And عَادِ رِجْلَكَ عَنِ الأَرْضِ Draw away thy leg, or foot, from the ground. (TA.) And عَادَى الأَدَاةَ عَنِ البَعِيرِ He raised [partially] the furniture (consisting of the saddle and saddle-cloth) from contact with the camel [so as to render it bearable by him]. (ISh, TA in art. غلق.) b3: عادى شَعَرَهُ He took [somewhat] from his hair: or he raised it, (K, TA,) in washing it: or he neglected it, and did not oil it, or anoint it: or he subjected it time after time to the purification termed وُضُوع, and to washing. (TA.) b4: عادى الوِسَادَةَ He folded the pillow. (TA.) b5: عادى القِدْرَ He lowered one of the three stones upon which the cooking-pot rested, in order that it (the pot) might incline upon the fire. (TA.) b6: عادى بَيْنَ الصَّيْدَينِ, (S, * K,) inf. n. عِدَآءٌ (S, K) and مُعَادَاةٌ, (K,) He made a succession, of one to the other, between the two animals of the chase, (S, K,) by throwing down one of them immediately after the other, (S,) in one طَلَق [or heat]. (S, K.) Imra-el-Keys says, [describing a horse,] فَعَادَى عِدَآءً بَيْنَ ثَوْرٍ وَنَعْجَةٍ

دِرَاكًا وَلَمْ يَنْضَحْ بِمَآءٍ فَيُغْسَلِ [And he made a succession, of one to the other, between a wild bull and a wild cow, by running down one after the other in a single heat, overtaking uninterruptedly, and not breaking out with water (i. e. sweat) so as to become suffused therewith]. (S. [See EM p. 49.]) In like manner also المُعَادَاةُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ means The piercing, or thrusting, two men, one after the other, uninterruptedly. (TA.) b7: And عَادَيْتُهُ [sometimes] signifies I vied, or contended, with him in running; i. q. حَاضَرْتُهُ, from الحُضْرُ. (A in art. حضر.) 4 اعدى الأَمْرَ He passed from, or beyond, another, to the thing, or affair: so in the K. (TA.) But in the M it is said, اعداهُ الدَّآءُ signifies The disease passed from another to him. (TA.) And one says أَعْدَى فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا مِنْ خُلُقِهِ, or مِنْ عِلَّةٍ بِهِ, or جَرَبٍ, (S, TA,) i. e. Such a one made somewhat of his natural disposition, or of a disease, or malady, that was in him, or of mange, or scab, to pass [from him] to such a one; [or infected him therewith; (see two exs., in a verse and a hemistich, cited in the first paragraph of art. جنى;)] and اعداهُ بِهِ signifies the same: and اعدى صَاحِبَهُ He made his companion to acquire the like of what was in him. (TA.) And يُعْدِى is said of the mange, or scab, &c., meaning It passes from him that has it to another; (S, K;) and in like manner one says of a disease, ↓ يتعدّى: (Nh, TA:) but it is said in an explanation of a trad., لَا يُعْدِى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [i. e. A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]. (S, TA.) [Therefore] one says, of the mange, or scab, [or the like,] اعداهُ اللّٰهُ God made it to pass from him that had it to one that was near to him, so that he became affected therewith. (Msb.) b2: One says also, of a man, قَدْ أَعْدَى النَّاسَ بِشَرٍّ He has made evil, or mischief, to cleave to men. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the middle, in two places.

A3: اعداهُ عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, him, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and strengthened him, (K,) against him; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and avenged him of him; (S, Msb;) namely, one who had wronged him. (S, Mgh, Msb.) and اعداهُ He (a judge) heard his accusation against another, and commanded to bring his adversary. (Mgh.) A4: اعداهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) namely, a horse, (S, TA,) and also a man, (TA,) [He made him to run, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: or, as sometimes used,] he made him, (K, TA,) or desired him, (S,) to go the pace termed حُضْر: (S, K, TA:) or he made him to go a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَة, (Msb, TA,) not so quick, (TA,) or which is not so quick, (Msb,) as that termed جَرْى: (Msb, TA: [see 1, latter half:]) and ↓ استعداهُ signifies the same. (S.) 5 تَعَدَّوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places: and see 4. b2: [Hence تعدّى said of a verb, It was, or became, transitive.] b3: تعدّى الحَقَّ: and تعدّى

عَلَيْهِ: see 1, second quarter, in two places.

A2: تَعَدَّوْا They found milk, (K, TA,) which they drank, (TA,) and it rendered them in no need of wine: (K, TA:) so in the copies of the K; but correctly, of flesh-meat, as in the M. (TA.) b2: And They found pasturage for their cattle, and it rendered them in no need of purchasing fodder. (K, * TA.) A3: And تعدّى مَهْرَ فُلَانَةَ He took, or received, the dowry, or bridal gift, of such a woman. (K.) 6 تعادى القَوْمُ The people, or party, became affected, [or infected,] or smitten, (S, TA,) one with the disease of another, or one with the like of the disease of another: (S:) or died, one after another, (S, TA,) in one month, and in one year. (TA.) And تعادت الإِبِلُ The camels died in great numbers. (TA.) b2: And تعادى القَوْمُ عَلَىَّ بِنَصْرِهِمْ The people, or party, came upon me consecutively with their aid, or assistance. (TA.) b3: One says also, تعادى القَوْمُ (S, K) from العَدَاوَةُ (S) meaning The people, or party, treated, or regarded, one another with enmity, or hostility. (K.) b4: And تعادى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ (S, K) The case, or affair, that was between them became in a bad, or corrupt, state, (S,) or complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them. (K.) b5: And تعادى المَكَانُ The place was, or became, dissimilar in its several parts; and uneven. (TA.) and [hence] one says, بِعُنُقِى وَجَعٌ مِنْ تَعَادِى الوِسَادِ مِنَ المَكَانِ المُتَعَادِى i. e. [In my neck is a pain from the unevenness of the pillow from] the uneven place. (TA.) b6: And تعادى He, or it, was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof, (S, * K, * TA,) عَنْهُ from him, or it. (S, TA.) A2: تعادوا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in going the pace termed العَدْو [meaning in running]. (K, TA.) 8 إِعْتَدَوَ see 1, second quarter, in three places. b2: الاِعْتِدَآءُ in supplication [to God] is The exceeding the limits of the [Prophet's] rule, or usage, that has been transmitted from generation to generation. (TA.) 10 الاِسْتِعْدَآءُ signifies The asking, or demanding, of aid, or assistance, (Mgh, Msb,) and of vengeance, or avengement, (Mgh,) and of strengthening: (Msb:) and also the act of aiding, or assisting. (Mgh.) You say, استعداهُ He asked, or demanded, of him (i. e. the prince, or governor, or commander, S, Mgh, Msb) aid, or assistance, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, Mgh, Msb,) namely, one who wronged him: (Mgh, Msb:) [or,] accord. to El-Khuwárezmee (who derives it from العَدِىُّ signifying الرَّجَّالَةُ الَّذِينَ يَعْدُونَ), استعدى [or استعدى القَاضِىَ] means he asked, or demanded, of the judge, that he should make his foot-messengers to run in quest of his antagonist and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him his right, or due. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100. [and an explanation similar to this, but not a similar derivation, is indicated in the Mgh by an explanation of أَعْدَاهُ, q. v.]) b2: See also 4, last sentence.

عَدَا, as a verb, or a preposition, or both, denoting an exception: see 1, last sentence.

عَدْوٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.] b2: فَعَلَ كَذَا عَدْوًا بَدْوًا means He did thus openly, or publicly. (TA.) عِدْوٌ: see عِدًى: b2: and see also عَدَآءٌ.

عَدًى [or عَدًا]: see عُدْوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence.

عُدًى: see the next paragraph.

A2: [It is also a pl. of عَدُوٌّ, q. v.]

عِدًى The stones of a grave; as also ↓ عُدًى: (KL:) [i. e.] the broad stones with which the [oblong excavation called] لَحْد is covered over: (AA, TA:) or a thin stone with which a thing is concealed, or covered over; as also ↓ عِدَآءٌ; (K, TA;) the latter written in [a copy of] the M ↓ عَدَاءٌ, like سَحَابٌ; but [the former explanation seems to be the more correct, for] it is added in the K that one thereof is termed ↓ عِدْوٌ; and accord. to this, the word expl. above [or each of the two words expl. above] is a pl. (TA. [See also عِدْوَةٌ.]) b2: And Any piece of wood that is put between two [other] pieces of wood. (K, * TA.) A2: See also عُدْوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence: b2: and عُدَوَآءُ: b3: and عَدَآءٌ.

A3: [It is also a pl. of عَدُوٌّ, which see in two places.

A4: ] And عِدَى is used as a prefixed n. for عِدَة as syn. with وَعْد. (Fr; S and L in art. وعد, q. v.) عَدْوَةٌ [inf. n. un. of عَدَا: pl. عَدَوَاتٌ. b2: Hence the saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو عَدَوَاتٍ وَذُو بَدَوَاتٍ, expl. voce بَدَآءٌ, in art. بدو. See another reading of this saying voce عَدَوَانٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] one says, لَهُ عَدْوَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ He has a vehement run of the kind termed عَدْو, inf. n. of عَدَا. (Msb) b4: عَدْوَةُ الأَمَدِ means The extent of the eyesight. (TA.) And one says, هُوَ مِنِّى عَدْوَةَ القَوْسِ [app. meaning He, or it, is at the distance of a bowshot from me]. (TA.) A2: See also عُدْوَةٌ. b2: عَدَايَا is used in poetry as a pl. of عدوة [app. عَدْوَةٌ, but in what sense is not shown]. (TA.) عُدْوَةٌ and ↓ عِدْوَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of the dial. of Kureysh and the latter of the dial. of Keys, (Msb,) and ↓ عَدْوَةٌ, (K,) all mentioned by ISd, (TA,) The side of a valley; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عِدًى; (K;) which last likewise signifies [absolutely] a side, or lateral part or portion; and so ↓ عَدًى; (K, TA; [see both voce عَادٍ, last sentence;]) thus in the M; (TA;) and the pl. is أَعْدَآءٌ; (K, TA;) or this last signifies [particularly] the sides of a valley, and so do ↓ عِدًى and ↓ عَدًى: (TA:) the pl. of عُدْوَةٌ and ↓ عِدْوَةٌ is عِدَآءٌ and [of عُدْوَةٌ] عُدَيَاتٌ also. (S.) b2: And عُدْوَةٌ signifies also An elevated place; and so ↓ عِدْوَةٌ: (AA, S, K:) pl. [as above, i. e. of both] عِدَآءٌ and [of the former] عُدَيَاتٌ [also]. (K. [In some copies of the K, the latter pl. is written عَدَيَاتٌ; in the CK عُدْياتٌ; but it is correctly عُدَيَاتٌ, as above, thus in my copies of the S; and perhaps عِدَيَاتٌ may also be a pl., i. e. of عِدْوَةٌ, being thus written accord. to the TA in copies of the S.]) b3: And A place far extending: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) b4: See also عَدَآءٌ. b5: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, has expl. عُدْوَةٌ as signifying “ Atrium, impluvium domus: ” but this the former has app. done from his having found عدوة erroneously written for عَذِرَة.]

A2: عُدْوَةٌ signifies also The kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة; i. e., in which is sweetness. (TA.) عِدْوَةٌ: see عُدْوَةٌ, in three places: b2: and see also عَدَآءٌ. b3: [Freytag states, as from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, that, accord. to some, it signifies A stone with which a grave, or a well, is covered: and that the pl. is ↓ عَدَآءٌ: this latter, if correct, is a quasi-pl. n.: but perhaps it is correctly عِدَآءٌ: see عِدًى, first sentence.]

A2: أُمُور عِدْوَة [app. أُمُورٌ عِدْوَةٌ, or perhaps أُمُورُ عِدْوَةٍ,] signifies Remote affairs. (TA.) عَدْوَى Mange, or scab, or other disease, that passes, or is transitive, from one to another; (S, K, TA;) a transitive disease; and such is said to be the جَرَب, and the بَرَص, and the رَمَد, and the حَصْبَة, and the جُذَام, and the وَبَآء, and the جُدَرِىّ. (Kull p. 259.) You say, لَا تُقَرِّبْهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّ بِهِ عَدْوَى Do not thou bring him near to him, for in him is a disease such as the mange, or scab, that is transitive from one to another. (TK.) b2: And The transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another: (S, K, TA, TK:) the subst. from يَعْدُو said of the mange, or scab, expl. above, as meaning “ it passes ” &c. (Msb. [See 1, first quarter.]) It is said in a trad., لَا عَدْوَى, i. e. لَا يُعْدِى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]; (S;) or [lit.] there is no transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another. (TK.) b3: And i. q. فَسَادٌ [i. e. Badness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.]. (K, TA. [In the CK erroneously written in this sense عُدْوٰى; which, however, being an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, q. v., may be correctly used as having the same, or nearly the same, meaning.]) So in the saying, ?? [In him, or it, is badness, &c.]. (TK.) A2: A(??) A demand that one makes upon a prefect, or governor, [or judge,] to aid, or assist, him against him who has wronged him, i. e. to inflict penal retribution on him, (IF, S, Msb,) for his wrongdoing to him. (IF, Msb.) b2: and Aid, or assistance, against a wrongdoer, (S, Mgh, TA,) required of a judge, for the bringing into his presence the antagonist: and also applied to a signet, or a [sealed] piece of clay, given by the judge as a token to denote the summoning of him whose presence is required. (Mgh.) عُدَوَآءُ (S, K) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and ↓ عَدَآءٌ (K) Distance, or remoteness, (S, K, TA,) as also ↓ عِدًى, (Ham p. 377,) [or particularly] of a house, or an abode, or a dwelling. (S, TA.) [Hence,] one says, طَالَتْ عُدَوَاؤُهُمْ Their distance, or remoteness, one from another, and their separation, was, or became, long. (TA.) b2: Also (i. e. the first and ↓ second and ↓ third words) Occupation, or business, that turns one away, or back, from a thing: (K, TA:) or عُدَوَآءُ signifies a custom, or habit, of occupation or business: (TA:) and عُدَوَآءُ الشُّغْلِ, the hindrances, or impediments, of occupation or business: (S, TA:) and one says, جِئْتَنِى وَأَنَا فِى عُدَوَآءَ عَنْكَ i. e. [Thou camest to me when I was engaged] in an occupation that diverted [me from thee]: (so in one of my copies of the S:) the pl. of ↓ عَادِيَةٌ is عَوَادٍ: (TA:) عَوَادِى الدَّهْرِ means the accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune, that divert [or intervene as obstacles] by occupying or busying: (S:) and you say, عَوَادِ ↓ عَدَتْ, [lit.] meaning Things, or events, turning away, or back, turned, or have turned, away, or back; [but this phrase, when followed by دُونَ or بَيْنَ, I would rather render, simply, obstacles occurred, or have occurred;] (S, TA;) thus in the latter of two verses cited voce حَبَّ. (S.) b3: عُدَوَآءُ الدَّهْرِ means The shifting, and varying, of time or fortune. (TA.) b4: and عُدَوَآءُ الشَّوْقِ What has severely affected, distressed, or afflicted, its sufferer, of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (TA.) b5: And عُدَوَآءُ signifies also A مَرْكَب [i. e. beast, or saddle, or thing on which one rides,] that is not easy: (K:) or, accord. to As, a place where he who sits thereon is not in a state of ease: and one says, جِئْتُ عَلَى مَرْكَبٍ ذِى عُدَوَآءَ i. e. [I came upon a beast, or saddle, &c.,] that was not easy: (S:) and جِئْتُكَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ ذِى عُدَوَآءَ, the last word imperfectly decl., i. e. [I came to thee upon a horse] that was not easy: (TA:) and جَلَسَ عَلَى عُدَوَآءَ He sat upon an uneven thing or place; (M, TA;) the last word imperfectly decl., as is said by ISd. (TA.) b6: Also Dry, hard, land; (K, TA;) sometimes occurring in a well when it is dug; and sometimes it is stone, from which the digger turns aside: and one says, أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ عُدَوَآءَ, meaning land that is not even, or plain; not easy to walk or ride or lie upon: or, as some say, it means a rough, rugged, place: or an elevated place upon which the camel lies down and then reclines thereon upon his side, having by his side a depressed place, which causes him to tend downwards, in consequence whereof he becomes in the state termed تَوَهُّنٌ, [weak, or languid, and unable to rise,] i. e. in the condition of extending his body towards the low place while his legs are upon the عُدَوَآء, which is the elevated, so that he is unable to rise, and dies. (TA.) A2: And [it is said that] العُدَوَآءُ also signifies اناخة قليلة [app. إِنَاخَةٌ قَلِيلَةٌ, meaning A little, or brief, making of a camel to lie down upon the breast, as is done on the occasions of mounting and dismounting &c.]. (TA.) عُدْوِىٌّ and عُدَوِىٌّ [are rel. ns. of which only the fem. forms are mentioned, in what here follows]. عُدْوِيَّةٌ and عُدَوِيَّةٌ are rel. ns. of عُدْوَةٌ as meaning “ the kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة,” the former reg. and the latter irreg.; and عَوَادٍ [pl. of ↓ عَادٍ or of عَادِيَةٌ] is a possessive epithet [from the same], without the relative ى: [all are app. applied to camels, as meaning Having for their pasture the plants, or herbage, called عُدْوَة, above mentioned: but it is immediately added,] and عُدْوِيَّةٌ and عُدَوِيَّةٌ applied to camels signify that pasture upon the [plants called] حَمْض: (TA:) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and [the pl.] عَوَادٍ, so applied, have this latter meaning accord. to the M and K: but accord. to the S, they are applied to camels as meaning abiding among the [trees called] عِضَاه, not quitting them, and not pasturing upon the حَمْض; and so is [the pl.] عَادِيَاتٌ. (TA in another portion of this art.) [See also عَاذِيَةٌ, in art. عذو.]

عِدَوِىٌّ, being a rel. n. of عِدَةٌ, see in art. وعد.

عَدَوِيَّةٌ The herbage of the صَيْف [q. v., here app. meaning spring], after the departure of the رَبِيع [q. v., here app. meaning winter]: (S, K:) it is applied to the young trees which then become green and are depastured by the camels: (S:) or, as some say, the [plants, or herbage, called] رَبْل [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And The young ones of sheep or goats. (K.) b3: And Female infants [of the age] of forty days; (K, TA; [in the CK, نَبات is erroneously put for بَنَات;]) but when their [hair termed] عَقِيقَة has been cut off, this appel-lation is no longer applied to them: so says Lth; but Az pronounces him to have erred: (TA:) or it is with غ (K, TA) and ذ, both dotted, or only the former of them dotted, and one of them is called غَدِىٌّ [or غَدَوِىٌّ, or غَذِىٌّ or غَذَوِىٌّ]: thus in the M, and thus accord. to Az. (TA.) عُدْوَانٌ [expl. in the S as signifying Sheer or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct,] is an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ [q. v.]; (ISd, Msb, K;) as also عِدْوَانٌ. (ISd, K.) عَدَوَانٌ, applied to a wolf, (S, K,) means يَعْدُو عَلَى النَّاسِ [i. e. That acts aggressively against men]; (S, TA;) i. q. ↓ عَادٍ [app. in this sense], (K, TA,) which occurs in a trad. applied to a beast of prey, (TA,) an epithet applied to a beast of prey by the Prophet: (Mgh:) one says سَبُعٌ عَادٍ and سِبَاعٌ عَادِيَةٌ. (Msb.) [In the S, immediately after the words يَعْدُو عَلَى النَّاسِ, it is added, and hence their saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو عَدَوَانٍ وَذُو بَدَوَانٍ; and thus I find the saying cited as from the S in arts. عدو and بدو of the PS: but I think that عَدَوَانٍ and بَدَوَانٍ, here, are mistranscriptions for عَدَوَاتٍ and بَدَوَاتٍ, as I find them written in my copies of the S and TA in the arts. above mentioned: see عَدْوَةٌ, above; and see بَدَآءٌ in art. بدو, where it seems to be clearly shown that بَدَوَاتٍ is correct, as pl. of بَدَاةٌ.] b2: Also, (S, K, and Ham p. 81,) and ↓ عَدَّآءٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and Ham ubi suprà,) That runs vehemently, or much; (S, Mgh, Msb, K; *) i. q. شَدِيدُ العَدْوِ, (S, TA,) or كَثِيرُ العَدْوِ; (Ham;) applied to a horse: (Mgh, and Ham:) [and to a man:] الشَّدِيدَةُ, in the K, is a mistake for الشَّدِيدُهُ, meaning الشَّدِيدُ العَدْوِ. (TA.) عَدَآءٌ an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: And, as also ↓ عِدَآءٌ, A single طَلَق [or heat; i. e., a single run, at once, to a goal, or limit]; (K, TA;) of a horse. (TA.) A2: And عَدَآءُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ, (S, K,) as also ↓ عِدَاهُ, (K, TA,) [the latter written in the CK عِداؤُهُ, but] the former is with the lengthened ا and the latter with the shortened ا, (TA,) and ↓ عِدْوُهُ and ↓ عِدْوَتُهُ and ↓ عُدْوَتُهُ, (K,) signify طَوَارُهُ, (S, K,) i. e. [The equal, of anything, in breadth and length; or] what is coextensive with anything in its breadth and its length. (S, TA.) One says, لَزِمْتُ عَدَآءَ الطَّرِيقِ, or النَّهْرِ, or الجَبَلِ, meaning طَوَارَهُ [i. e. I kept to the tract coextensive in its breadth and its length with the road, or the river, or the mountain]. (TA.) A3: See also عُدَوَآءُ, first and third sentences.

A4: And see عِدًى, and عِدْوَةٌ.

عِدَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: A2: and see also عِدًى.

عَدُوٌّ And enemy, contr. of وَلِىٌّ, (S,) or of صَدِيقٌ, (K,) or of صَدِيقٌ مُوَالٍ; (Msb;) an epithet, but resembling a subst.: (S:) [and (like our word “ enemy ” in military parlance) a hostile party: for] it is used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.; (Msb, K;) as is said in the “ Muk-tasar el-' Eyn: ” (Msb:) but sometimes it is dualized and pluralized and feminized: (K:) the pl. is أَعْدَآءٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and the pl. of أَعْدَآءٌ is أَعَادٍ; (Msb, K; *) and عِدًى and عُدًى are also pls. of عَدُوٌّ; (S, Msb, K; [each improperly termed in the K اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ; for فِعَلٌ and فُعَلٌ are measures of pls., not of quasi-pl. ns.;]) the former said by ISk to be the only pl. of this measure among epithets; (S, Msb; *) and عُدَاةٌ, with damm and with ة, is another pl.; (Th, S, Msb;) and is pl. of ↓ عَادٍ, (K, TA,) which is syn. with عَدُوٌّ; (S, K, TA;) as in the saying of a woman of the Arabs, أَشْمَتَ رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ عَادِيَكَ [May the Lord of the beings of the universe make thy enemy to rejoice at thy affliction]: (S, TA:) the fem. form of عَدُوٌّ is عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb,) which is said by Az to be used when the meaning of an epithet is intended: (Msb:) it is said by ISk, (S, TA,) and in the “ Bari',” (Msb,) that there is no instance of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of فَاعِلٌ but its fem. is without ة, except عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) in the phrase هٰذِهِ عَدُوَّةٌ اللّٰهِ [This woman is the enemy of God]: accord. to Fr, عَدُوَّةٌ has the affix ة to assimilate it to صَدِيقَةٌ; for a word is sometimes formed to accord with its contr.: (S, TA:) Az says that he heard certain of the tribe of 'Okeyl say, [of some women,] هُنَّ وَلِيَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and عَدُوَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and أًوْلِيَاؤُهُ and أَعْدَاؤُهُ [i. e. They are the friends of God and the enemies of God]. (Msb.) [The pl.] عِدًى signifies also Persons distant, or remote, one from another: (ISd, K, TA:) and (K) strangers, or foreigners: (ISk, S, K, TA:) and such as are distant, or remote, in respect of relationship; or not relations: (TA:) as well as enemies: (M, TA:) كَالأَعْدَآءِ, which is added in the K after وَالغُرَبَآءُ, should be وَالأَعْدَآءُ. (TA.) عَدِىٌّ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of عَادٍ, q. v. (S, TA.) عَدَاوَةٌ Enmity, or hostility; (S, K, TA;) like مُعَادَاةٌ [inf. n. of 3, q. v.]. (TA.) عَدَّآءٌ: see عَدَوَانٌ, last sentence.

عَادٍ [act. part. n. of عَدَا, q. v. b2: As such particularly signifying] Acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; transgressing, or exceeding the proper limit: (Msb, TA:) pl. عَادُونَ. (Msb.) Hence the saying, لَا أَشْمَتَ اللّٰهُ بِكَ عَادِيَكَ i. e. [May God not make to rejoice at thy affliction] him who acts wrongfully to thee. (TA.) [And hence the phrase لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ, expl. in art. ظهر.] See also عَدَوَانٌ. And see عَدُوٌّ, with which it is syn. b3: Also Seizing, or carrying off, by force; or snatching at unawares. (TA.) and العَادِى signifies [particularly] The lion; (K, TA;) because of his injuriousness, and his seizing men and making them his prey. (TA.) b4: ↓ عَدِىٌّ is a pl. of عَادٍ, [or rather a quasi-pl. n.,] like as غَزِىٌّ is of غَازٍ; as such signifying Runners upon their feet: (S, TA:) or a company of men, (K, TA,) in the dial. of Hudheyl, (TA,) that run to the fight (K, TA) and the like: (TA:) or the first, of the footmen, [or foot-soldiers,] that charge, or assault; (K, TA;) because they run quickly: (TA:) like عَادِيَةٌ, (K, TA,) of which the pl. is عَوَادٍ, (TA,) in both senses: or this signifies the horsemen; (K, TA;) i. e. the first, of the horsemen, that charge, or assault, in a hostile, or predatory, incursion, especially; (TA;) or horses making a hostile, or predatory, incursion; and hence [the pl.] العَادِيَات in the Kur c. 1. (TA in the supplement to this art.) And accord. to ElKhuwárezmee, عَدِىٌّ particularly signifies The foot-messengers of the sovereign, and of the judge, who are made to run in quest of one against whom an accusation has been made, and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him the right, or due, of his accuser. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100.) A2: عَادِى العَوَادِى, a phrase used by a poet, is expl. by IAar as meaning The hardest, or most pressing, or most severe, of occupations that turn one away, or back, from a thing. (TA.) A3: See also عَادٍ and its fem. عَادِيَةٌ voce عُدْوِىٌّ.

A4: عَادِيَا اللَّوْحِ signifies طَرَفَاهُ [The two extremities, or two sides, of the tablet or the like]; (K, TA;) each of them being called عادى [i. e.

عَادِى اللَّوْحِ, or a mistranscription for عَادٍ], like عِدى [i. e. ↓ عِدًى or ↓ عَدًى, both mentioned above, voce عُدْوَةٌ, as meaning, absolutely, a side, or lateral part or portion]. (TA.) عَادِيَةٌ [fem. of.عَادٍ, q. v.

A2: As a subst., it signifies] Wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny; and evil, or mischief; (S, TA;) as in the saying دَفَعْتُ عَنْكَ عَادِيَةَ فُلَانٍ [I repelled, or have repelled, from thee the wrongdoing &c., and the evil, or mischief, of such a one]: (S:) it is an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] like عَاقِبَةٌ: and signifies also sharpness, or hastiness, of temper; and anger. (TA.) Also The harm, or hurt, of poison. (Har p. 304.) A3: See also عُدَوَآءُ, in three places.

A4: عَوَادِى الكَرْمِ, (K, TA,) of which عَادِيَةٌ is the sing., (TA,) signifies The grape-vines that are planted at the feet, or roots, of great trees. (K, TA.) أَعْدَى [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees, and having several different significations]. أَعْدَى مِنَ الجَرَبِ More transitive, or wont to pass from one to another, than the mange, or scab, is a prov. (Meyd.) and أَعْدَى مِنَ الثُّؤَبَآءِ is another prov., having a similar meaning [i. e. More wont to pass from one to another, or, as we commonly say, more catching, than yawning]; (Meyd;) for when a man yawns in the presence of others, they become affected as he is. (TA in art. ثأب.) b2: أَعْدَى مِنَ الذِّئْبِ is also a prov., and may mean More wrongful, or more inimical, or more vehement in running, than the wolf. (Meyd.) أَعْدَى مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ, another prov., (expl. in the latter half of the first paragraph,) is from العَدْوُ. (Meyd.) b3: هُوَ أَعْدَى شَىْءٍ [app. meaning It is the most effectual thing to aid, or assist, or to avenge; أَعْدَى in this case being irregularly formed from the augmented verb in the phrase أَعْدَاهُ عَلَيْهِ]. (TA in art. ادو: see آدَى in that art.) تَعَادٍ Uneven places, (K, TA,) dissimilar in their several parts: occurring in this sense in a trad. (TA.) As mentions the saying نِمْتُ عَلَى

↓ مَكَانٍ مُتَعَادٍ, meaning [I slept upon] a place dissimilar in its several parts; uneven: and هٰذِهِ

↓ أَرْضٌ مُتَعَادِيَةٌ This is land having in it burrows, and [trenches, or channels, such as are termed]

لَخَاقِيق. (S, TA.) مَا لِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ مَعْدًى means There is not for me any going beyond such a one to another, nor any stopping short of him. (S.) مَعْدُوٌّ: see what next follows.

فُلَانٌ مَعْدِىٌّ عَلَيْهِ and ↓ مَعْدُوٌّ (S, K *) mean [Such a one is] treated wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (K:) the ى in مَعْدِىٌّ is substituted for و because the latter [in this case] is deemed difficult of utterance. (S.) مُتَعَادٍ; and its fem., with ة: see تَعَادٍ.

عذو

1 عَذَا البَلَدُ, aor. ـْ The country, or town, was good, or pleasant, in respect of its air. (IAar, K, TA.) b2: And you say, عَذُوَتِ الأَرْضُ (Az, K, TA) and عَذِيَت (K) أَحْسَــنَ العَذَاةِ or العَذَآءَةِ. (So accord. to different copies of the K [in which what immediately precedes app. indicates that the meaning is, The land was such as is termed عَذَاة, in the best degree; so that العَذَاة or العَذَآءَة, the former of which is the reading in the T, is the inf. n.: but accord. to the TK, عَذُوَتِ الأَرْضُ, having for its inf. n. عَذَاوَةٌ, and عَذِيَت, having for its inf. n. عَذًى, mean, without any addition, كَانَتْ أَحْسَــنَ العَذَاةِ i. e. the land was the best of what is termed عَذَاة].) 10 اِسْتَعْذَيْتُ المَكَانَ [I found that] the place was suitable to me (K, TA) in its air, (TA,) and I deemed it good, or pleasant. (K, TA. [Mentioned in art. عذى; but more properly belonging to the present art.; though both of these arts. are intimately connected, each with the other.]) عَذًى [or عَذًا]: see the next paragraph.

عَذَاةٌ and ↓ عَذِيَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) the latter written in [some copies of] the K, erroneously, عَذِيَّة, (TA,) Land good (S, K) in its soil, (S,) remote from water and from tainted air: (K:) or land good in its soil, and fertile: or remote from men: or remote from water and from tainted air and from pestilence: or remote from the [sunken waters, or the watery beds of sand or earth, called] أَحْسَــآء, and from the waters that ooze from the ground: or not having in it [plants of the kind called] حَمْض, nor near to a region thereof: (TA: [see also عِذْىٌ, in art. عذى:]) pl. of the former عَذَوَاتٌ (S, K) and [coll. gen. n. of the same, app. when used as a subst., which may generally be the case,] ↓ عَذًى [or عَذًا]. (TA.) [See also عِذْىٌ, again, in art. عذى.]

b2: And عَذَاةٌ signifies also A خَامَة [or portion that grows forth upon a single stalk, or fresh or juicy bunch or plant, &c., (see art. خيم,)] of seedproduce. (TA in art. عذى.) عَذِيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَذَوَانٌ Brisk, lively, or sprightly; light, or active; not having great forbearance nor أَصَالَة [app. as meaning firmness, or soundness, of judgment]: fem. with ة: or, as some say, it is with غ. (TA.) عَذَوِيَّةٌ: see عَاذِيَةٌ, below.

عَذَآءٌ the subst. from عَذَاةٌ [app. signifying The quality, or condition, of land that is termed عَذَاة]. (TA in art. عذى.) عَاذِيَةٌ and ↓ عَذَوِيَّةٌ, and عَوَاذٍ [the pl. of the first], applied to camels, Being in a place of pasture that has not in it [plants of the kind called]

حَمْض. (K and TA in art. عذى.) [See also عَادِيَةٌ, voce عُدْوِىٌّ, in art. عدو.]

امر

1 أَمَرَهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, &c.,) inf. n. أَمْرٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and إِمَارٌ, (M, L, K,) which latter, however, is disapproved by MF, (TA,) and إِيمَارٌ is syn. therewith, (K,) but this also is disapproved by MF, and deemed by him strange, [being by rule the inf. n. of ↓ آمَرَهُ, respecting which see what follows,] (TA,) and آمِرَةٌ, (M, K,) which is one of the inf. ns. [or quasiinf. ns.] of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, like عَافِيَةٌ and عَاقِبَةٌ, (M,) He commanded him; ordered him; bade him; enjoined him; the inf. n. signifying the contr. of نَهْىٌ; (T, M, K;) as also ↓ آمرهُ, (Kr, M, K,) mentioned by A'Obeyd also as a dial. var. of أمَرَهُ: (Msb:) but A'Obeyd says that آمَرْتُهُ and أَمرْتُهُ are syn. [in a sense different from that explained above, i. e.] as meaning كَثَّرْتُهُ. (TA.) You say, أَمَرَهُ بِهِ, (S, M, K,) and أَمَرَهُ إِيَّاهُ, suppressing the prep., (M,) He commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do it. (M, K.) And أمَرْتُكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ, and لِتَفْعَلَ, and بِأنْ تَفْعَلَ, I commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, thee to do [such a thing]. (M.) [And أَمَرَهُ بِكَذَا as meaning He commanded him, or ordered him, to make use of such a thing; or the like: whence, in a trad.,] أُمِرْتُ بِالسِّوَاكِ [I have been commanded to make use of the tooth-stick]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) [And He enjoined him such a thing; as, for instance, patience.] The imperative of أَمَرَ is مُرْ; originally اؤْمُرْ; which also occurs [with وَ in the place of ؤ when the ا is pronounced with damm]: (M:) but [generally] when it is not preceded by a conjunction, (Msb,) i. e., by وَ or فَ, (T,) you suppress the ء, [i. e. the radical ء, and with it the conjunctive ا preceding it,] contr. to rule, and say, مُرْهُ بِكَذَا [Command, or order, or bid, or enjoin, thou him to do such a thing]; like as you say, كُلْ and خُذْ: when, however, it is preceded by a conjunction, the practice commonly obtaining is, to restore the وَأْمُرْ بِكَذَا, agreeably with analogy, and thus to say, أَمُرْ بِكَذَا. (Msb.) b2: [You say also, أَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُتِلَ He gave an order respecting him, and accordingly he was slain. And أَمَرَ لَهُ بِكَذَا He ordered that such a thing should be done, or given, to him.] b3: In the Kur [xvii. 17], أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا, so accord. to most of the readers, (T, &c.,) means We commanded [its luxurious inhabitants] to obey, but they transgressed therein, or departed from the right way, or disobeyed: (Fr, T, S, &c.:) so says Aboo-Is-hák; adding that, although one says, أَمَرتُ زَيْدًا فَضَرَبَ عَمْرًا, meaning I commanded Zeyd to beat 'Amr, and he beat him, yet one also says, أَمَرْتُكَ فَعَصَيْتَنِى [I commanded thee, but thou disobeyedst me]: or, accord. to some, the meaning is, We multiplied its luxurious inhabitants; (T;) and this is agreeable with another reading, namely, ↓ آمَرْنَا; (TA;) and a reading of El-Hasan, namely, أَمِرْنَا, like عَلِمْنَا, may be a dial. var., of the same signification: (M:) see 4, in two places: or it may be from الإِمَارَةُ; (S, TA;) [in which case it seems that we should read ↓ أَمَّرْنَا; or, perhaps, أَمَرْنَا: see 2:] Abu-l-'Áliyeh reads ↓ أَمَّرْنَا, and this is agreeable with the explanation of I'Ab, who says that the meaning is, We made its chiefs to have authority, power, or dominion. (TA.) b4: أَمَرَهُ, aor. ـُ also signifies He commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do that which it behooved him to do. (A.) [He counselled, or advised, him.] One says, مُرْنِى, meaning Counsel thou me; advise thou me. (A.) b5: أَمَرَ بِاقْتِنَاصٍ, said of a wild animal, means He rendered the beholder desirous of capturing him. (M.) A2: أَمَرَ, (As, Fr, Th, T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA;) and أَمُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, IKtt, K;) and أَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (M, K, and several other authorities; but by some this is disallowed; TA;) inf. n. أَمْرٌ (K) and إِمْرَةٌ (S) and إِمَارَةٌ; (As, T, S;) or the second is a simple subst.; (K;) or perhaps it is meant in the S that this and the third are quasi-inf. ns.; (MF;) He had, or held, command; he presided as a commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (M, Msb, K;) he became an أَمِير; (As, T, S;) عَلَى

القَوْمِ over the people. (M, * Msb, K.) [See also 5.]

أَمَرَ فُلَانٌ وَأُمِرَ عَلَيْهِ, or عليه ↓ وأُمِّرَ, (as in different copies of the S,) [Such a one has held command and been commanded,] is said of one who has been a commander, or governor, after having been a subject of a commander, or governor; meaning such a one is a person of experience; or one who has been tried, or proved and strengthened, by experience. (S.) A3: أَمَرَهُ as syn. with آمَرَهُ: see 4.

A4: أَمِرَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمَرٌ and أَمْرَة; (M, K, TA; the latter written in the CK اَمْرَة;) and أمُرَ, aor. ـَ (IKtt;) (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, M, Msb, or a man's property, or camels or the like, Abu-l-Hasan and S, and a people, T, S) multiplied; or became many, or much, or abundant; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) and became complete. (M, K.) b2: And the former, (assumed tropical:) His beasts multiplied; or became many; (M, K;) [ as also ↓ آمر; for you say,] بَنُو فُلَانٍ ↓ آمر, inf. n. إِيمَارٌ, (assumed tropical:) The property, or camels or the like, of the sons of such a one multiplied; or became many, or abundant. (M.) A5: أَمِرَ الأَمْرُ, (Akh, S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. أَمَرٌ, (Akh, S,) (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, (i. e., a man's affair, or case, Akh, S,) became severe, distressful, grievous, or afflictive. (Akh, S, K.) 2 أمّرهُ, inf. n. تَأْمِيرٌ, He made him, or appointed him, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) [And it seems to be indicated in the S that ↓ أَمَرَهُ, without teshdeed, signifies the same.] See 1, in three places. Yousay also, أُمِّرَعَلَيْنَا (A, TA) He was made, or appointed, commander, &c., over us. (TA.) b2: Also He appointed him judge, or umpire. (Mgh.) b3: أمّر القَنَاةَ (assumed tropical:) He affixed a spear-head to the cane or spear. (T, M.) [See also the pass. part. n., below.] b4: أمّرأَمَارَةٍ He made [a thing] a sign, or mark, to show the way. (T.) 3 آمرهُ فِي أَمْرِهِ, (T, * S, M, Msb,) inf. n. مُؤَامَرَةٌ, (S, K,) He consulted him respecting his affair, or case; (T, * S, M, Msb, K, * TA;) as also وَامَرَهُ; (TA;) or this is not a chaste form; (IAth, TA;) or it is vulgar; (S, TA;) and ↓ استأمرهُ, (M,) inf. n. اسْتِئْمَارٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ ائتمرهُ, (T,) inf. n. ائتِمَارٌ. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., آمِرُوا النِّسَآءَ فِى أَنْفُسِهِنَّ Consult ye women respecting themselves, as to marrying them. (TA.) And in another trad., آمَرَتْ نَفْسَهَا, meaning She consulted herself, or her mind; as also ↓ استأمرت نفسها. (TA.) [See another ex. voce نَفْسٌ. and see also 8.]4 آمر, inf. n. إِيمَارٌ: see 1, last sentence but one, in two places.

A2: آمْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَمَرَهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (M,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمْرٌ; (Msb;) both signifying the same accord. to AO, (S,) or A 'Obeyd, (TA,) but the latter is of weak authority, (K,) or is not allowable; (M;) and, accord. to El-Hasan's reading of xvii. 17 of the Kur, (see 1,) ↓ أَمِرَهُ also; (M;) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) multiplied it; or made it many, or much, or abundant: (S, Msb:) He (God) multiplied, or made many or much or abundant, his progeny, and his beasts: (M, K:) and آمر مَالَهُ (assumed tropical:) He (God) multiplied, &c., his property, or camels or the like. (S.) A3: See also 1, first sentence, in two places.5 تأمّر He became made, or appointed, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (Msb;) he received authority, power, or dominion; عَلَيْهِمْ over them. (S, K.) [See also أَمَرَ.] b2: See also 8.6 تَاَاْمَرَ see 8, in three places.8 ائتمر [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَمَرَ] He obeyed, or conformed to, a command; (S, * M, Mgh, K; *) he heard and obeyed. (Msb.) You say, ائتمر بِخَيْرٍ, meaning He was as though his mind commanded him to do good and he obeyed the command. (M.) And [you use it transitively, saying,] ائتمر الأَمْرَ He obeyed, or conformed to, the command. (S.) And لَا يَأْتَمِرُ رُشْدًا He will not do right of his own accord. (A.) Imra el-Keys says, (S,) or En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab, (T,) وَيَعْدُو عَلَى المَرْءِ مَا يَأْتَمِرْ [And that which man obeys wrongs him, or injures him]; meaning, that which his own soul commands him to do, and which he judges to be right, but in which often is found his destruction: (S:) or, accord. to KT, that evil which man purposes to do: (T:) or that which man does without consideration, and without looking to its result. (A 'Obeyd, T.) [See what follows.] b2: He undertook a thing without consulting; (KT, T;) as though his soul, or mind, ordered him to do it and he obeyed it: (TA:) he followed his own opinion only. (Mgh.) One says, أَمَرْتُهُ فأْتَمَرَ وَأَبَى

أَنْ يَأْتَمِرَ, (A, Mgh,) meaning I commanded him, but he followed his own opinion only, and refused to obey. (Mgh.) b3: He formed an opinion, and consulted his own mind, and determined upon it. (Sh, T.) And ائتمر رَأْيَهُ He consulted his own mind, or judgment, respecting what was right for him to do. (Sh, T.) b4: ائتمروا, (A, Msb,) inf. n. ائْتِمَارٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ تآمروا, (A,) inf. n. تَآمُرٌ, of the measure تَفَاعُلٌ; (S;) and ↓ تأمّروا, (TA,) inf. n. تَأَمُّرٌ; (K;) They consulted together: (S, * A, Msb, K: *) or ائتمروا and ↓ تآمروا signify they commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, one another; like as one says, اقتتلوا and تقاتلوا, and اختصموا and تخاصموا: (T:) or ائتمروا عَلَى الأَمْرِ and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تآمروا, they determined, or settled, their opinions respecting the affair, or case: (M:) and ائتمروا بِهِ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (K,) signifies they purposed it, (S, Msb, K, *) namely, a thing, (Msb, K,) and consulted one another respecting it. (S.) It is said in the Kur [lxv. 6], وَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَعْرُوفٍ And command ye, or enjoin ye, one another to do good: [such is app. the meaning,] but God best knoweth: (T:) or, accord. to KT, purpose ye among yourselves to do good. (TA.) And in the same [xxviii. 19], إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلوُكَ, meaning Verily the chiefs command one another respecting thee, to slay thee: (Zj, T:) or consult together against thee, to slay thee: (AO, T:) or purpose against thee, to slay thee: (KT, T:) but the last but one of these explanations is better than the last. (T.) b5: See also 3. b6: Accord. to El-Bushtee, ائتمرهُ also signifies He gave him permission: but this has not been heard from an Arab. (Az, TA.) 10 إِسْتَاْمَرَ see 3, in two places.

أَمْرٌ A command; an order; a bidding; an injunction; a decree; an ordinance; a prescript: (S, * Msb, * TA, &c.:) pl. أَوَامِرُ: (S, Msb, &c.:) so accord. to common usage; and some writers of authority justify and explain it by saying that أَمْرٌ is [originally] مَأْمُوُرٌ بِهِ; that it is then changed to the measure فَاعِلٌ; [i. e., to آمِرٌ;] like أَمْرٌ عَارِفٌ, which is originally مَعْرُوفٌ; and عِيشَةٌ راضِيَةٌ, originally مَرْضِيَّةٌ; &c.; [and then, to أَمْرٌ;] and that فَاعِلٌ becomes in the pl. فَوَاعِلُ; so that أَوَامَرُ is the pl. of مَإْمُورٌ: others say that it has this form of pl. to distinguish it from أَمْرٌ in the sense of حَالٌ [&c.], in which sense it has for its pl. أُمُورٌ. (Msb, TA.) [But I think that أَوَامِرُ may be properly and originally pl. of آمِرَةٌ, for آيَةٌ آمِرَةٌ, or the like. MF says that, accord. to the T and M, the pl. of أَمْرٌ in the sense explained in the beginning of this paragraph is أُمُورٌ: but he seems to have founded his assertion upon corrupted copies of those works; for in the M, I find nothing on this point; and in the T, not, as he says, الأَمْرُضِدُّ النَّهْىَ وَاحِدُ الأُمُور, but قَالَ اللَّيْثُ الأَمْرُ مَعْرُوفٌ نَقِيضُ النَّهْىِ وَاحِدُ الأُمُورِ, evidently meaning that أَمْرٌ signifies the contr. of نَهْىٌ, and is also, in another sense, the sing. of أُمُورٌ.] [Hence,] أُولُو الأَمْرِ Those who hold command or rule, and the learned men. (M, K. [See Kur iv. 62.]) and أَمْرُاللّٰهِ The threatened punishment of God: so in the Kur x. 25, and xi. 42, and xvi.1; in which last place occur the words, أَتَي أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ, meaning The threatened punishment ordained of God hath, as it were, come: so near is it, that it is as though it had already come: therefore desire not ye to hasten it. (Zj, M, TA.) And The purpose of God. (Bd and Jel in lxv. 3; &c.) and الأَمْرُ قَرِيبٌ The resurrection, or the time thereof, is near. (Mgh, from a trad.) And مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَنْ

أَمْرِى, in the Kur xviii. 81, I did it not of my own judgment: (Bd:) or, of my own choice. (Jel.) [Hence also الأَمْرُ, in grammar, signifies The imperative form of a verb.] b2: Also A thing; an affair; a business; a matter; a concern: a state, of a person or thing, or of persons or things or affairs or circumstances; a condition; a case: an accident; an event: an action: syn. شَأْنٌ: (M, F, TA:) and حَالٌ, (Msb, TA,) and حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) and حَادِثَةٌ: (K:) and فِعْلٌ: (MF, TA:) and a thing that is said; a saying: ( TA voce أُولُو, at the end of art. ال:) pl. أُمُورٌ; (S, M, K, &c.;) its only pl. in the senses here explained. (TA.) You say, أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ مُسْتَقِيمٌ [The affair, or the like, of such a one is in a right state]: and امُورُهُ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ [His affairs are in a right state]. (S, A.) And شَتَّتَ أَمْرَهُ He dissipated, disorganized, disordered, unsettled, or broke up, his state of things, or affairs. (As, TA in art. شعب.) [امر seems to be here used, as in many other instances, rather in the sense of the pl. than in that of the sing.] b3: أَمْرٌ كُلِّىٌّ [A universal, or general, prescript, rule, or canon]. (Msb voce قَاعِدَةٌ, KT voce قَانُونٌ, &c.) إِمْرٌ a subst. from أَمِرَالِأَمْرُ in the sense of اِشْتَدَّ; (S;) or a subst. from أَمِرَ as signifying كَثُرَ and تَمَّ; (M;) (assumed tropical:) [A severe, a distressful, a grievous, or an afflictive, thing: or] a terrible, and foul, or very foul, thing: or a wonderful thing. (TA,) Hence, [used as an epithet, like أَمِرٌ, q. v.,] in the Kur [xviii. 70], لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا (assumed tropical:) Verily thou hast done a severe, a distressful, a grievous, or an afflictive, thing: (S:) or a terrible, and foul, or very foul, thing: (TA:) or a wonderful thing: (S:) or an abominable, a foul, or an evil, and a wonderful, thing: (Ks, M, K: *) or a terrible and an abominable thing; signifying more than نَكْرًا, [which occurs after, in verse 73,] inasmuch as the [presumed] drowning of the persons in the ship was more abominable than the slaying of one person: (Zj, T:) or a crafty, and an abominable, or a foul, or an evil, and a wonderful, thing; and derived from أَمِرَ القَوْمُ as meaning كَثُرُوا. (Ks.) أَمَرٌ a coll. gen. n. of which أَمَرَةٌ (q. v.) is the n. un.

A2: See also تَأْمُورٌ.

أَمِرٌ: see إِمَّرٌ.

A2: (assumed tropical:) Multiplied; or become many, or much, or abundant. (M, K.) [See أَمِرَ.] Yousay زَرْعٌ أَمِرٌ (assumed tropical:) Abundant seed-produce. (Lh, M.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man whose beasts have multiplied, or become many or abundant. (M.) (assumed tropical:) A man blessed, or prospered, (Ibn-Buzurj, M, K, *) in his property: (M:) fem. with ة. (Ibn-Buzurj.) and with ة, (assumed tropical:) A woman blessed to her husband [ by her being prolific]: from the signification of كَثْرَةٌ. (M.) A3: (assumed tropical:) Severe; distressful; afflictive. (TA.) [See also إِمْرٌ.]

أَمْرَةٌ A single command, order, bidding, or injunction: as in the saying, لَكَ عَلَىَّ أَمْرَةٌ مُطَاعَةٌ Thou hast authority to give me one command, order, bidding, or injunction, which shall be obeyed by me. (S, M, * A, Msb, K.) You should not say, [in this sense,] إِمْرَةٌ, with kesr. (T, S.) A2: See also إِمْرَةٌ.

إِمْرَةٌ a subst. from أَمَرَ [q. v.]; Possession of command; the office, and authority, of a commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (M, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ إِمَارَةٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ; (L, K;) but this last is by some disallowed, and is said in the Fs and its Expositions to be unknown. (MF.) It is said in a trad., لَعَلَّكَ سآءَ تْكَ إِمْرَةُ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ Perhaps thy paternal uncle's son's possession of command hath displeased thee. (TA.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) Increase, or abundance, or the like; as also other forms mentioned in what follows.] You say, فِى وَجْهِ مَالِكَ تَعْرِفُ إِمْرَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) In the face of thy property, [meaning such as consists in camels or the like, and also money,] thou knowest its increase and abundance, and its expense: (S:) or ↓ إِمَّرَتَهُ, and ↓ إِمّرَتَهُ, which latter is a dial. var. of weak authority, and ↓ أَمَّرَتَهُ, i. e., its increase and abundance: (M:) or ↓ إِمَّرَتَهُ as meaning its prosperous state; as also ↓ أَمَارَتَهُ, and ↓ أَمْرَتَهُ: (Ibn-Buzurj:) accord. to AHeyth, who reads ↓ تُعْرَفُ إِمَّرَتُهُ, the meaning is, its decrease; but the correct meaning is, its increase, as Fr explains it. (T, TA.) It is said respecting anything of which one knows what is good in it at first sight: (Lh, M:) and means, on a thing's presenting itself, thou knowest its goodness. (T.) One says also, ↓ مــأَحْسَــنَ أَمَارَتَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) How good is their multiplying, and the multiplying of their offspring and of their number! (M.) And ↓ لَا جَعَلَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِ إِمَّرَةً (assumed tropical:) May God not make an increase to be therein. (T.) أَمَرَةٌ Stones: (K:) [or a heap of stones:] or it is the n. un. of أَمَرٌ, which signifies stones: (M:) or the latter signifies stones set up in order that one may be directed thereby to the right way: (Ham p. 409:) and the former also signifies a hill; (M, K;) and أَمَرٌ is [used as] its pl.: (M:) and a sign, or mark, by which anything is known; (M, K;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ; (As, S;) and أَمَرٌ is [used as] its pl. in this sense also: (M:) or a sign, or mark, set up to show the way; (AA, Fr;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَهٌ: (K:) or a small sign, or mark, of stones, to show the way, in a waterless desert; (S;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ [and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ]; and any sign, or mark, that is prepared: (TA:) or a structure like a مَنَارَة [here app. meaning a tower of a mosque], upon a mountain, wide like a house or tent, and larger, of the height of forty times the stature of a man, made in the time of 'Ád and Irem; in some instances its foundation being like a house, though it consists only of stones piled up, one upon another, cemented together with mud, appearing as though it were of natural formation: (ISh, T:) the pl. (in all the senses above, K) [or rather the coll. gen. n.,] is أَمَرٌ. (S, K.) A2: See also إِمْرَةٌ.

أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ A sign, mark, or token. (As, S Mgh.) See also each voce أَمَرَةٌ, in three places. You say, هِى أَمَارَةُ مَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ It is a sign, or token, of what is between me and thee. (T, * TA.) And a poet says, إِذَا طَلَعَتْ شَمْسُ النَّهَارِ فَإِنَّهَا

أَمَارَةُ تَسْلِيمِى عَلَيْكِ فَسَلِّمِى

[When the sun of day rises, it is a sign of my saluting thee, therefore do thou salute]. (TA.) b2: Also A time: (As, S, K:) so IAar explains the latter word, not particularizing the time as definite or otherwise: (M:) or a definite time: (TA:) or a time, or place, of promise or appointment; an appointed time or place; syn. مَوْعِدٌ: (M, Mgh, K:) or, accord. to some, the former word is pl. [or rather col. gen. n.] of the latter. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, إِذْ رَدَّهَا بِكَيْدِهِ فَارْتَدَّتِ

إِلَي أَمَارٍ وَأَمَارِ مُدَّتِى

When He (meaning God) brings it, ( namely my soul,) by his skilful ordering, and his power, [and it is thus brought, or it thus comes, to a set time, and] to the time of the end of my appointed period: امارمدّتى being as above; the former word being prefixed to the latter, governing it in the gen. case. (IB. [In the S we find وَأَمَارٌ مُدَّتِى.]) أَمُورٌ [an intensive epithet from أَمَرَهُ]. You say, إِنَّهُ لَأَمُورٌ بِالْمَعْروفِ وَنَهُوٌّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ Verily he is one who strongly commands, or enjoins, good conduct, and who strongly forbids evil conduct. (S in art. نهى, and A. *) أَمِيرٌ One having, holding, or possessing, command; (S;) a commander; a governor; a lord; (M, * Msb;) a prince, or king: (M, K:) fem. with ة: (S, K:) pl. إُمَرَآءُ. (M, Msb, K.) b2: A leader of the blind. (M, K.) So in the saying of El-Aashà: إِذَاكَانَ هَادِى الفَتَى فِى البِلَا دِصَدْرَ القَنَاةِ أَطَاعَ الأَمِيرَا [When the young man's guide in the countries, or lands, or the like, is the top of the cane, he obeys the leader of the blind]. (M.) b3: A woman's husband. (A.) b4: A neighbour. (K.) b5: A person with whom one consults: (A, K:) any one of whom one begs counsel, or advice, in a case of fear. (TA.) You say, هُوَ أَمِيرِى He is the person with whom I consult. (A.) أَمَارَةٌ: see إِمْرَةٌ, in three places: b2: and see also أَمَرَةٌ, in three places; and أَمَارٌ.

إِمَارَةِ: see إِمْرَةٌ. b2: الإِمَارَةُ is also used for صَاحِبُ الإمَارَةِ, i. e. الأَمِيرُ. (Mgh.) أَمَّرٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

إِمَّرٌ A man who consults every one respecting his case; as also ↓ أَمِرٌ and ↓ أَمَّارَةٌ: (M:) or a man resembling [in stupidity] a kid: [see the latter part of this paragraph:] (Th, M:) or, as also ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ (S, M, K, &c.) and ↓ أَمَّرٌ and ↓ أَمَّرَةٌ, (K,) a man having weak judgment, (S, K,) stupid, (T, M,) or weak, without judgment, (M, L,) or without intellect, or intelligence, (T,) who obeys the command of every one, (T, S,) who complies with what every one desires to do in all his affairs; (K;) a stupid man, of weak judgment, who says to another, Command me to execute thine affair. (IAth.) It is said in a trad., مَنْ يُطِعْ إِمَّرَةً لَا يَأْكُلْ ثَمَرَةً [He who obeys a stupid man, &c., shall not eat fruit: or the meaning is] he who obeys a stupid woman shall be debarred from good. (IAth.) ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ is applied to a woman and to a man: when it is applied to a man, the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (ISh.) The following saying, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى

وَلَا إِمَّرًا, ↓ سَفَرًا فَلَا تُرْسِلْ فِيهَا إِمَّرَةً, in rhyming prose, means [When Sirius rises in the clear twilight,] send not thou among them (meaning the camels) a man without intelligence [in a great degree, nor one who is so in a less degree; or a woman without intelligence, nor a man without intelligence;] to manage them. (Sh.) b2: Also, (M, K,) and ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ and ↓ أَمَّرَ and ↓ أُمَّرٌ, (K,) A young lamb: (M, K:) or the first (إِمَرٌ) and the second, a young kid: (M, TA:) or the former of these two, a male lamb: (M, TA:) or a young male lamb: (S:) and the latter of them, a female lamb: (M, TA:) or a young female lamb. (S, M.) One says, ↓ مَا لَهُ إِمَّرٌ وَلَا إِمَّرَةٌ, meaning He has not a male lamb nor a female lamb: (M, TA:) or he has not anything. (T, S, M.) أَمَّرَةٌ: see إِمَّرٌ, in two places.

إِمَّرَةٌ: see إِمَّرٌ, in six places: A2: and see إِمْرَةٌ, in four places.

إِمّرَةٌ: see إِمْرَةٌ.

أَمَّارٌ [Wont to command]. [Hence,] النَّفْسُ الأَمَّارَةُ [The soul that is wont to command]; (A;) the soul that inclines to the nature of the body, that commands to the indulgence of pleasures and sensual appetites, drawing the heart downwards, so that it is the abode of evils, and the source of culpable dispositions. (KT.) [See نَفْسٌ.]

أَمَّارَةٌ fem. of أَمَّارٌ [q. v.]. b2: See also إِمَّرٌ.

آمِرٌ [act. part. n. of أَمَرَهُ.] b2: آمِرٌ and ↓ مُؤْتَمِرٌ Two days, (S,) the last, (K,) the former being the sixth, and the latter the seventh, (M,) of the days called أَيَّامُ الَجُوزِ: (S, M, K: [but see عَجُوزٌ:]) as though the former commanded men to be cautious, and the latter consulted them as to whether they should set forth on a journey or stay at home: (S:) accord. to Az, the latter is applied as an epithet to the day as meaning يُؤْتَمَرُفِيهِ. (TA.) تَأْمُرِىُّ: see تَأْمُورٌ, in two places.

تُؤْمُرِىٌّ, and without ء: see تَأْمُورٌ, in six places.

تَأْمُورٌ and ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ are properly mentioned in this art.; the measure of the former being تَفْعُولٌ; (K;) and that of the latter, تَفْعْلولَةٌ: (TA:) not as J has imagined; [who writes them without ء, and mentions them in art. تمر;] (K;) their measures accord. to him being فَاعُولٌ and فَاعُولَةٌ. (TA.) [But in all the senses here explained, they appear to be with and without ء.] b2: The former signifies The soul: (S in art. تمر, where it is written without ء; and M, A, K:) because it is that which is wont to command. (A.) One says, قَدْ عَلِمَ تَأْمُورُكَ ذلِكَ Thy soul, or self, hath known that. (Az, and T in art. تمر.) b3: The intellect: (M:) as in the saying, عَرَفْتُهُ بِتَأْمُورِي I knew it by my intellect. (M in art. تمر, without ء; and TA.) You say also, هُوَ ابْنُ تَأْمُورِهَا, meaning He is the knowing with respect to it. (TA in art. بني.) b4: The heart, (T in art. تمر without ء, and M, A, K,) itself. (M, TA.) Hence the saying, حَرْفٌ فِى تَأْمُورِى خَيْرٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ فى وِ عَائِكَ [One word in my heart is better than ten in thy receptacle]. (T in art. تمر, and TA.) b5: The pericardium. (M in art. تمر, without ء.) b6: The core, or black or inner part, or clot of blood, (حَبَّة, M, K, or عَلَقَة, TA,) and life, and blood, of the heart: (M, K:) or blood, (As, S, M, in art. تمر, and K,) absolutely: (TA:) and تَأْمُورُ النَّفْسِ signifies the life-blood: (As, S:) or the blood of the body: (S in art. نفس:) and the life of the soul. (M, K.) b7: Also, as being likened to blood, (TA,) (tropical:) Wine; and so ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ: (M, K:) and b8: (tropical:) A dye: (M, TA:) and b9: (tropical:) Saffron. (As, K.) b10: [Hence also,] (tropical:) Water. (M, K.) You say, مَا فىِ الرَّكِيَّةِ تَامُورٌ, (T, S in art. تمر, and M,) or تَأْمُورٌ, (A,) (tropical:) There is not in the well any water. (T, S, M, A.) A2: The wezeer (وَزِير) of a king: (M, K:) because his command is effectual. (TA.) A3: Any one: as in the saying, مَابِهَا تَأْمُورٌ, (T in art. تمر, A, K,) as also ↓ تُؤْمُورٌ, (T in art. تمر, and K,) each with an augmentative ت, and without ء as well as with it, accord. to Er-Radee and others, (TA,) and ↓ تَأْمُرِىُّ, and ↓ تَأْمُورِىُّ, (M,) and ↓ تُؤْمُرِىُّ, (T in art. تمر, M, TA,) or without ء, (S, M, K, in art. تمر,) and ↓ أَمَرٌ, (M, K,) There is not in it (i. e. in the house, الدار, M, A, TA) any one. (M, A, K, and T and S in art. تمر.) You say also, خَلَآءٌ بِلَادٌ

↓ لَيْسَ فِيهَاتُومُرِىٌّ Vacant regions wherein is not any one. (S in art. تمر.) ↓ تُؤْمُرِىٌّ (M, K) and ↓ تُومُرِىٌّ (S in art. تمر) and ↓ تَأْمُورِىٌّ and ↓ تَأْمُرِيٌّ (M, K) also signify A man, or human being. (S, * M, K.) You say, speaking of a beautiful woman, أَحْسَــنَ مِنْهَا ↓ مَا رَأَيْتُ تُومُرِيَّا I have not seen a human being, or creature, more beautiful than she: (S and M in art. تمر:) and مَا رَأَيْتُ

أَحْسَــنَ مِنْهُ ↓ تُومُرِيَّا [I have not seen a man more beautiful than he]. (T and S in art. تمر.) Accord. to some, they are used only in negative phrases; but accord. to others, they are also used in such as are affirmative. (MF.) b2: Also Anything: as in the saying أَكَلَ الذِّئْبُ الشَّاةَ فَمَا تَرَكَ مِنْهَا تَامُورًا [The wolf ate the sheep, or goat, and left not of it anything]. (T and S in art. تمر.) A4: A child, young one, or fœtus syn. وَلَدٌ. (M, K.) A5: The receptacle (وِعَآء) of the child, young one, or fœtus. (M in art. تمر, without ء; and K.) b2: A وِعَآء [in the ordinary sense; i. e. a bag, or receptacle, for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c.]. (M, K.) Hence the saying, أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِتَأْمُورِكَ Thou art best acquainted with what thou hast with thee; and with thine own mind. (M.) b3: Also, (K,) and ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ, (M, [in which the former is not given in the following senses,] and K,) or ↓ تَامُورَةٌ, (S in art. تمر,) A ewer, syn. إِبْرِيقٌ, (S, M, K,) for wine: (S:) and, (M, K,) or, as some say, (TA,) a حُقَّة (M, K, TA) in which wine is put. (TA.) b4: Also the first, (M, K,) or ↓ third, (T and S in art. تمر,) The chamber, or cell, (صَوْمَعَة, T and M in art. تمر, without ء, and S and K, and نامُوى, M, K,) of a monk. (M, K.) b5: And hence, (TA,) the first, (K,) and ↓ second, (M, K,) or ↓ third, of these three words, (T and S, in art. تمر,) (tropical:) The covert, or retreat, of a lion. (T, S, M, K.) Whence, ↓ فُلَانٌ أَسَدٌ فِى تَامُورَتِهِ (tropical:) Such a one is a lion in his covert: (T and S in art. تمر:) a saying borrowed from 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib: (T and S ibid:) or, accord. to some, it means, a lion in the greatness of his courage, and in his heart. (TA.) A6: Also (i. e. the first only) Play, or sport, of girls or of boys. (Th, M in art. تمر without ء, and K.) A7: See also يَأْمُورٌ.

تُؤْمُورٌ A sign, or mark, set up to show the way in a waterless desert; (K, TA;) consisting of stones piled up, one upon another: (TA:) pl. تَآمِيرُ. (K.) [See أَمَرَةٌ.]

A2: See also تَأْمُورٌ.

تَأْمُورَةٌ, and without ء: see تَأْمُورٌ, in eight places. b2: Also The pericardium; the integument (غِلَاف) of the heart. (S in art. تمر: there written without ء.) تَأْمُورِىٌّ: see تَأْمُورٌ, in two places.

مِئْمَرٌ Counsel; advice: as in the saying, فُلَانٌ بَعِيدٌ مِنَ المِئْمَرِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المِئْبَرِ Such a one is far from counsel, or advice: near to calumny, or slander. (A.) مُؤَمَّرٌ Made, or appointed, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king: (S, M, K: *) made to have authority, power, or dominion: (T, M, K:) in which latter sense it is explained by Khálid, as applied by Ibn-Mukbil to a spear. (T.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A cane, or spear-shaft, having a spearhead affixed to it. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A spear-head (T, TA) sharpened; syn. مُحَدَّدٌ. (T, M, K, TA.) b4: Distinguished, or defined, (مُحَدَّدٌ,) by signs, or marks: (TA:) or, as some say, (TA,) marked with a hot iron; syn. مُوْسُومٌ. (K, TA.) مَأْمُورٌ [pass. part. n. of أَمَرَهُ, q. v.]. b2: It is said in a trad., (S, &c.,) خَيْرُ المَالِ مُهْرَةٌ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَسِكَّةٌ مَأْبُورَةٌ (tropical:) The best of property are a prolific filly [and a row of palm-trees, or perhaps a tall palmtree, fecundated]; (Az, A 'Obeyd, T, S, A, K;) as though the filly were commanded [by God] to be so: (A, in which the epithet مأمورة thus used is said to be tropical:) [or] مأمورة is thus for the sake of conformity to مأبورة, and is originally مُؤْمَرَةٌ, (S, M, * K,) from آمَرَهَا اللّٰهُ: (TA:) or it is a dial. var. of weak authority; (K;) though, accord. to Az, it signifies made to have abundant offspring, from أَمَرَ اللّٰهُ المُهْرَةَ, meaning “God made the filly to have abundant offspring,” a dial. var. of آمَرَهَا, as A 'Obeyd also asserts it to be. (TA.) مَآمِرُ and مَآمِيرُ: see what next follows.

مُؤْتَمِرٌ [Obeying, or conforming to, a command; &c.: see 8. b2: ] One who acts according to his own opinion; (T;) who follows his own opinion only: or who hastes to speak. (M.) A2: See also آمِرٌ. b2: Also, and المُؤْتَمِرُ, [The month which is now commonly called] المُحَرَّمُ: (M, K:) the former appellation (مؤتمر) is that by which the tribe of 'Ád called it: (Ibn-El-Kelbee:) pl. ↓ مَآمِرُ and مَآمِيرُ [both anomalous]. (M, K.) [See شَهْرٌ.]

يَأْمُورٌ; (M, K;) so in all the copies of the K but in the L and other lexicons, ↓ تَأْمُورٌ; (TA;) A certain beast of the sea: or, as some say, a small beast: (M:) and a kind of mountain-goat: (M, K:) or a certain wild beast, (K, TA,) or a beast resembling the mountain-goat, (M,) having a single branching horn in the middle of his head. (M, TA.) [See يَحْمُورٌ, the oryx.]