جور

1 جَارَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. جَوْرٌ, (S, A, K,) He declined, or deviated, from the right course; (S, A;) and so جارعَنِ القَصْدِ: (A:) he wandered from the right way: (TA:) he pursued a wrong course: (K:) or he left the right way in journeying: and it (anything) declined. (TA.) Yousay also, جار عَنِ الطِّرِيقِ He declined, or deviated, from the road, or way. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: and جار, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Mgh, Msb, K,) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, TA,) فِى

حُكْمِهِ in his judgment, (Msb,) or فِى الحُكْمِ in judgment. (S, TA.) b3: جارتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The plants, or herbage, of the land grew tall: (A, TA:) and so جَأَرَت. (TA.) A2: See also 10.2 جوّرهُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيرٌ, (S,) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or charged him with, or accused him of, wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, conduct; (S, K;) contr. of عَدَّلَهُ. (A.) A2: He prostrated him (S, K) by a blow, (S,) or by a thrust of a spear or the like; from جار “he, or it, declined;”; (A;) like كَوَّرَهُ. (S.) b2: He threw it down, (TA,) and overturned it; (K, TA;) namely, a building, and a tent, &c.: (TA:) he took it to pieces; namely, a tent. (A.) 3 جاوِرهُ, inf. n. مُجَاوَرَةٌ and جِوَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جُوَارٌ, (S, M, and some copies of the K,) or the last is a simple subst., (Msb,) and ↓ جَوَارٌ, (M, and so in some copies of the K instead of جُوَارٌ,) of which forms the second (جِوَارٌ) is more chaste than the third (S, TA) and than the fourth, as relating to the verb in the sense here following, though some disapprove of it, and assert the third and the fourth to be more chaste; (TA;) He became his جار [or neighbour]; (K;) he lived in his neighbourhood, or near to him: (Msb, TA:) or he lived in a dwelling contiguous to his. (Msb.) b2: Also جاورهُ, (TA,) inf. n. جِوَارٌ, (K,) and ↓ جُوَارٌ is said to be a quasi-inf. n., and more chaste than جِوَارٌ as relating to the verb in the sense here following; (TA;) He bound himself to him by a covenant to protect him. (K, TA.) b3: and جاور بَنّى فُلَانٍ, and فِى بنى فلان, inf. n. مَجَاوَرَةٌ and جِوَارٌ, He protected himself by a covenant with the sons of such a one; from مُجَاوَرَةٌ signifying the “ living near. ” (TA.) b4: And جاور, inf. n. مُجَاوَرَةٌ, i. q. اِعْتَكَفَ فِى مَسْجِدٍ [He confined himself in a mosque, or place of worship, during a period of days and nights, or at least during one whole day, fasting from daybreak to sunset, and occupying himself in prayer and religious meditation, without any interruption by affairs distracting the mind from devotion and not pressing]. (S, K.) But جاور بِمَكَّةَ, and بِالمَدِينَةِ, signifies absolutely He abode in Mekkeh, and El-Medeeneh; not necessarily implying conformity with the conditions of اِعْتِكَاف required by the law [though generally meaning for the purpose of study: and so in the neighbourhood of the great collegiate mosque called the Azhar, in Cairo: so that the term ↓ مُجَاوِرٌ means a student of Mekkeh &c.]. (TA.) 4 اجارهُ, (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. إِجَارَةٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ جَارَةٌ, (Kr, K,) [or the latter is rather a quasi-inf. n., like طَاعَةٌ from أَطَاعَهُ,] He protected him; granted him refuge; (K;) preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated, him; (S, A, Msb, K;) from (مِنْ) wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, treatment; (S, K;) from punishment; (S, A;) or from what he feared: (Msb:) he aided him; succoured him; delivered him from evil: the أَ having a privative effect. (Mgh.) It is said of God, يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ He protects, but none is protected against him. (TA.) And in the Kur [lxxii. 22], قُلْ إِنِّى لَنْ يُجِيرَنِى مِنَ اللّٰهِ أَحَدٌ Verily none will protect me against God. (TA.) b2: اجار المَتَاعَ He put the household-goods, or commodities, into the repository, (K, TA,) and so preserved them from being lost. (TA.) b3: It is said [of God] in a trad., يُجِيرُ بَيْنَ البُحُورِ He makes a division between the seas, and prevents one from mixing with another and encroaching upon it. (TA.) 5 تجوّر He became prostrated; (S;) he fell down; (K;) by reason of a blow. (S, TA.) b2: It (a building, TA) became thrown down, or demolished. (K.) b3: He (a man, TA) laid himself down on his side (K) upon his bed. (TA.) 6 تَجَاوَرُوا and ↓ اِجْتَوَرُوا (S, K) are syn., (S,) signifying They became mutual neighbours; they lived near together: (K, * TA:) the [radical] و in the latter verb remaining unaltered because this verb is syn. with one in which the و must preserve its original form on account of the quiescence of the preceding letter, namely, تجاوروا, (S, TA,) and to show that it is syn. therewith: but اِجْتَارُوا also occurs. (TA.) b2: [Also They bound themselves by a covenant to protect one another.]8 إِجْتَوَرَ see 6.10 استجار and ↓ جَارَ, (K,) the latter like جَارٌ as syn. with مُسْتَجِيرٌ, (TA,) He sought, desired, or asked, to be protected; to be granted refuge; to be preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated. (K.) And استجارهُ He desired him, or asked him, to preserve, save, rescue, or deliver, him, (S, A, Msb,) مِنْ فُلَانٍ from such a one. (S.) and استجار بِهِ He had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation; he sought his protection. (TA.) جَارٌ A neighbour; one who lives near to another; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who lives in the next tent or house: (IAar, Th, T, Msb:) pl. [of mult.]

جِيرَانٌ (Msb, K) [and جِوَارٌ (a pl. not of unfrequent occurrence, and mentioned by Freytag as used by El-Mutanebbee,)] and [of pauc.] جِيرَةٌ and أَجْوَارٌ; (K;) like قَاعٌ, pl. قِيعَانٌ and قِيعَةٌ and أَقْوَاعٌ, the only similar instance: (TA:) fem. with ة. (Mgh.) الجَارُ ذُو القُرْبَى [in the Kur iv. 40] is The relation, or kinsman, who is abiding in one's neighbourhood: or who is abiding in one town or district or the like while thou art in another, and who has that title to respect which belongs to nearness of relationship: (TA:) or the near neighbour: (Bd, Jel:) or the near relation: (Jel:) or he who is near, and connected, by relationship or religion. (Bd.) جَارُ الجَنْبِ: and الجَارُ الجُنُبُ and جَارُ الجُنُبِ: see art. جنب.

جَارٌ نِفِّيجٌ A stranger [who has become one's neighbour]. (TA.) b2: A person whom one protects from wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, treatment. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b3: One who seeks, or asks, protection (Msb, K) of another: جَارُكَ signifying he who seeks thy protection. (TA.) b4: A protector; (A, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who protects another from that which he fears; (Msb;) one who grants refuge, or protects, or preserves. (AHeyth.) مِنْ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ ↓ هُمْ جَارَةٌ They are protectors from that thing, is a phrase mentioned by Th, respecting which ISd says, I know not how this is, unless the sing. be supposed to be originally جَائِرٌ, so as to have a pl. of the measure فَعَلَةٌ [as جَارَةٌ is originally جَوَرَةٌ]. (TA.) b5: An aider, or assister. (IAar, Msb, K.) b6: A confederate. (IAar, Msb, K.) b7: A woman's husband. (Msb, K.) b8: A man's wife; (Msb;) as also ↓ جَارَةٌ: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or the latter, the object of his love: (M:) and the latter also, a woman's fellow-wife; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) so called because the term ضَرَّةٌ is disliked, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen. (Mgh.) b9: A partner who has not divided with his partner: so in the trad. الجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ [explained in art. صقب]; as is shown by another trad. (Az, Msb.) b10: A partner, or sharer, (Msb, K,) in immoveable property, such as land and houses, (Msb, TA,) and in merchandise, (K, TA,) whether he divide the property with the other or not, (Msb,) or whether he be partner in the whole or only in part. (TA.) b11: One who divides with another. (IAar, K.) b12: (tropical:) The فرْج [or pudendum] of a woman: and (tropical:) The anus; as also ↓ جَارَةٌ. (IAar, K, TA.) b13: The part (IAar, K) of the sea-shore (IAar) that is near to the places where people have alighted and taken up their abode. (IAar, K.) جَوْرٌ, an inf. n. used as an epithet, (TA,) i. q. ↓ جَائِرٌ; (K, TA;) i. e. Declining, or deviating, from the right course: and acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (TA:) pl. [of the latter], applied to men, ↓ جَوَرَةٌ, (K,) in which the و remains unaltered contr. to rule, (TA,) and ↓ جَارَةٌ, (A, K,) as in all the copies of the K, but some substitute for it, as a correction, ↓ جُوَرَةٌ, [found in a copy of the A,] which, however, requires consideration, (TA,) and جَائِرُونَ. (K.) You say طَرِيقٌ جَوْرٌ A road, or way, deviating from the right course. (TA.) And هُوَ جَوْرٌ عَنْ طَرِيقِنَا He is declining, or deviating, from our way. (TA.) b2: Also, for ذُو جَوْر, meaning Wronged, or unjustly treated, by the judge. (Mgh from a trad.) b3: عِنْدَهُ مِنَ المَالِ الجَوْرُ (tropical:) He possesses, of property, an extraordinary abundance. (A, TA.) See also جِوَرٌّ.

جَارَةٌ: see جَارٌ, in three places: A2: and جَوْرٌ: A3: and see also 4.

جَوَرَةٌ and جُوَرَةٌ: see جَوْرٌ.

إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الجِيرَةِ Verily he is good in respect of the mode, or manner, of جِوَار [i. e. living as a neighbour, or binding himself by covenant to protect others]. (TA.) جِوَرٌّ A rain accompanied by vehement thunder: (K:) or by a vehement sound of thunder: (S:) or a copious rain; as also جَأْرٌ and جُؤَرٌ; (K in art. جأر;) and, accord. to As, جُؤَارٌ: (TA:) and an exceedingly great torrent. (TA. [In this last sense written in a copy of the A ↓ جَوْرٌ, and there said to be tropical.]) See جَوَارٌ: and see also art. جر. b2: You say also بَازِلٌ جِوَرٌّ (S) [app. meaning A camel nine years old that brays loudly: or] hard and strong: and بَعِيرٌ جِوَرٌّ a bulky camel. (TA.) جَوَارٌ: see 3.

A2: Also The part of the exterior court or yard of a house that is coextensive with the house. (K, * TA.) A3: Abundant and deep water. (K.) Whence ↓ جِوَرٌّ applied to rain. (TA.) A4: Ships: a dial. var. of جَوَارٍ; on the authority of Sá'id, (K,) surnamed Abu-l-'Alà: (TA:) said in the K to be strange; but similar instances are well known. (MF.) جُوَارٌ: see 3, in two places. b2: Also, and ↓ جِوَارٌ, or the latter is only an inf. n., The covenant between two parties by which either is bound to protect the other. (TA.) جِوَارٌ: see what next precedes.

A2: [Also a pl. of جَارٌ.]

جَائِرٌ: see جَوْرٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) Wide and big; applied to a [bucket of the kind called] غَرْب: and so, with ة, applied to a [skin of the kind called]

قِرْبَة. (A, TA.) مُجَوَّرٌ [as meaning Thrown down, or overturned,] occurs in the following prov.: يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ الحَفَضِ المُجَوَّرِ [A day for a day of the household-goods (or, accord. to the TA, the hair-cloth tent) thrown down, or overturned]: applied in the case of rejoicing at a calamity befalling another: a man had an aged paternal uncle, and used continually to go into the latter's tent, or house, and throw down his household-goods, one upon another; and when he himself grew old, sons of a brother of his did to him as he had done to his paternal uncle; wherefore he said thus, meaning, this is for what I did to my paternal uncle. (K.) مُجَاوِرٌ: see 3, last sentence.

جنق

1 جَنَقُوا, aor. ـِ (IAar, K,) inf. n. جَنْقٌ; (IAar, TA;) and ↓ جنّقوا, inf. n. تَجْنِيقٌ; (Az, K;) They cast stones of [or with] the مَنْجَنِيق: (K, * TA:) and ↓ مَجْنَقُوا, (K,) or مَجْنَقُوا مَنْجَنِيقًا [app. meaning they constructed a منجنيق], (Lth, TA,) is said by such as hold the م to be radical; (K;) or it may be that the م is augmentative, and that the verb is [denominative,] similar to تَمَسْكَنَ from مِسْكِينٌ. (TA.) b2: جَنَقُونَا بِالمَنْجَنِيقِ They cast at us with the منجنيق: mentioned by El-Fárisee on the authority of Az. (M.) An Arab of the desert, in describing the wars of his people, said, تَارَةً نُجْنَقْ وَأُخْرَى نُرْشَقْ [One time we are cast at with the منجنيق, and another we are shot at with arrows]: (S, * M:) also mentioned by El-Fárisee. (M.) 2 جنّقوا المَجَانِيقَ and ↓ مَجْنَقُوهَا [app. They constructed the engines of the kind called منجنيق]. (JK.) See also 1.

Q. Q. 1 مَجْنَقُوا: see 1 and 2.

جُنُقٌ The stones of the منجنيق. (M, TA.) [But] IAar says that جنق [app. جُنُقٌ] means The people who manage the منجنيق. (TA.) مُجَينِيقٌ dim. of مَنْجَنِيقٌ, q. v. (Sb, S.) مَنْجَنُوقٌ: see what next follows.

مَنْجَنِيقٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and مِنْجَنِيقٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مَنْجَنُوقٌ (Lth, IAar, Msb, K) [A kind of balista;] an instrument [or engine of war] with which stones are cast (S, M, K, TA) at the enemy; made by binding [in some manner] very tall wooden poles, whereon is placed what is to be cast, which is then struck with a long pole, and so cast to a very distant place: [this imperfect description (the only one that I have found of this engine) seems to show that it was of a very simple and rude construction:] it is an ancient instrument, anterior to the invention [or use] of gunpowder and cannons by the Christians; and was used by Mohammad in the siege of Et-Táïf; but the first [of the Arabs] who used it in the time of paganism is said to have been Jedheemeh El-Abrash, of the Mulook et-Tawáïf: (TA:) pl. مَنْجَنِيقَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَنْجَنُوقَاتٌ (Lth, TA) and مَجَانِيقُ (Sb, S, Msb, K) and مَجَانِقُ: (K:) dim. ↓ مُجَيْنِيقٌ: (Sb, S:) it is fem., (Lth, S, Msb, K, *) preferably, (Lth, TA,) and in most instances; (Msb;) and hence it is also called الأُنْثَى; (M in art. انث;) but sometimes it is masc.: (Msb, K:) and is arabicized, (S, Msb, K,) from the Persian (S, K) مَنْ چِى نِيكْ, i. e. “ How excellent am I! ” (S,) or مَنْ چِهْ نِيكْ, i. e. “ I, how excellent am I! ” (K;) [Golius asserts it to be from the Greek μάγγανον but this is the original of مَنْجَنُونٌ, which has a different meaning: its derivation, however, seems to have been unknown to the Arabs in general; for] some say that مَنْجَنِيقٌ is of the measure مَفْعَلِيلٌ, [so in copies of the S, but correctly مَنْفَعِيلٌ, as in the Msb and TA,] because of the phrase نُجْنَقُ مَرَّةً [see 1]: (S, Msb: *) or, (Msb,) accord. to Sb, (S,) it is of the measure فَنْعَلِيلٌ; (S, Msb;) because مَجَانِيقُ is its pl. and the dim. is مُجَينِيقٌ; and because, if the م were augmentative as well as the ن, there would be two augmentative letters at the beginning of the noun, and this may not be in substs. nor in epithets that are not conformable to augmented verbs; and if the ن were made an essential part of the word, the noun would be a quadriliteral-radical, and augmentative letters are not prefixed to words of this class except nouns conformable to their verbs, like مُدَحْرَجٌ: (S, TA:) but MF says that these disquisitions are unprofitable; for in his opinion, all the letters of the word are radical, since it is a foreign word. (TA.) مَنْجَنِيِقىٌّ [app. A maker of the kind of engine called منجنيق; being mentioned as a surname:] a rel. n. from منجنيق. (K.)

جدل

1 جَدَلَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, K) and جَدِلَ, (K,) inf. n. جَدْلٌ, (S,) He twisted it firmly; (S, K;) namely, a rope. (S.) b2: He made it firm, strong, or compact. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] جَارِيَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ الجَدْلِ (assumed tropical:) [A girl of beautiful compacture; of beautiful, compact make]. (S.) b4: [Hence also,] عَمِلَ عَلَى

شَاكِلَتِهِ الَّتِى جُدِلَ عَلَيْهَا (assumed tropical:) [He did according to his own particular way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, to which he was strongly disposed by nature]. (TA.) A2: See also 2.

A3: جَدَلَ, inf. n. جُدُولٌ, It (a thing) was, or became, hard, and strong. (K, * TA.) b2: جَدَلَ الحَبُّ فِى

السُّنْبُلِ The grain became strong in the ears: (S. O, TA:) or accord. to the K, it means وَقَعَ [i. e., came into the ears]. (TA.) b3: جَدَلَ said of a young gazelle, &c., He became strong, and followed his mother. (K.) [See also جَادِلٌ.]

A4: جَدِلَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. جَدَلٌ, [said in the S to be a subst. from 3, q. v.,] He contended in an altercation, disputed, or litigated, vehemently, or violently. (Msb.) 2 جدّلهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْدِيلٌ, (Msb,) He threw him down (S, Msb, K) upon the جَدَالَة, (Msb, K,) i. e., (TA,) upon the ground; (S, TA;) as also ↓ جَدَلَهُ, (K,) inf. n. جَدْلٌ: (TA:) or the former signifies he did so much, or often. (TA.) You say, طَعَنَهُ فَجَدَّلَهُ [He thrust him, or pierced him, with a spear or the like, and threw him down &c.]. (S, Msb.) [See also 3.]3 جادلهُ, inf. n. مُجَادَلَةٌ and جِدَالٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) He contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, with him: (S, TA:) or did so vehemently, or violently, (Mgh, K,) and ably, or powerfully: (K:) [or he did so obstinately, or merely for the purpose of convincing him; for]

مجادلة signifies the disputing respecting a question of science for the purpose of convincing the opponent, whether what he says be wrong in itself or not: (Kull p. 342:) [he wrangled with him:] or جادل, inf. n. مجادلة and جدال, as above, signifies originally he contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, by advancing what might divert the mind from the appearance of the truth and of what was right: and accord. to a later usage, of the lawyers, he compared evidences [in a discussion with another person, or other persons,] in order that it might appear which of those evidences was preponderant: and the doing this is commendable if for the purpose of ascertaining the truth; but otherwise it is blameable: (Msb:) accord. to Er-Rághib, جدال signifies the competing in disputation or contention, and in striving to overcome [thereby]; from جَدَلْتُ الحَبْلَ, meaning, “I twisted the rope firmly; ” as though each of the two parties twisted the other from his opinion: or, as some say, it originally means the act of wrestling, and throwing down another upon the جَدَالَة [or ground]: accord. to Ibn-El-Kemál, a disputing that has for its object the manifesting and establishing of tenets or opinions. (TA.) [See also جَدِلَ.]4 اجدلت She (a gazelle) had her young one [sufficiently grown to be] walking with her. (Zj, K.) 5 تَجَدَّلَ see 7.6 تجادلوا The contended in an altercation, disputed, or litigated, [or did so vehemently, or violently, &c., (see 3,)] one with another. (KL, MA, &c.,) 7 انجدل He fell down upon the ground: (S:) he became thrown down upon the جَدَالَة, i. e., the ground; and in like manner ↓ تجدّل, he became thrown down, &c., much, or often. (TA.) 8 اِجْتِدَالٌ The act of building, or constructing. (TA.) El-Kumeyt says, مَجَادِلَ شَدَّ الرَّاصِفُونَ اجْتِدَالَهَا (S, TA) i. e. [Pavilions of which the masons have made strong] the building, or construction. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 جَدْوَلَ He ruled a book with lines; such as are ruled round a page, &c. See جَدْوَلٌ.]

جَدْلٌ Hard, and strong; as also ↓ جَدِلٌ. (K, * TA.) b2: Also, and ↓ جِدْلٌ, A strong, firm, or compact, penis. (K, * TA.) b3: Also, (K,) or the former, (S, TA,) Any member, or limb: (S, K:) pl. جُدُولٌ. (S, TA.) b4: Also, (K,) or the former, (TA,) Any complete bone, [app. with its flesh,] not broken, nor mixed with aught beside: pl. [of pauc.] أَجْدَالٌ and [of mult.] جُدُولٌ. (K, TA.) b5: Also, (K,) or [the pl.] جُدُولٌ , (Lth, TA,) The bones of the arms and legs (Lth, K, TA) of a man: (Lth, TA:) and of the fore and hind legs of the victim termed عَقِيقَة. (TA from a trad.) جِدْلٌ: see جَدْلٌ.

جَدَلٌ Vehemence, or violence, in altercation or disputation or litigation; (S, K;) and ability, or power, to practise it: (K:) [or simply contention in an altercation; disputation; or litigation:] a subst. from جَادَلَهُ: (S:) or inf. n. of جَدِلَ [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: Hence, as a term of logic, A syllogism composed of things well known, or conceded; the object of which is to convince the opponent, and to make him to understand who fails to apprehend the premises of the demonstration. (TA.) جَدِلٌ: see جَدْلٌ.

A2: Also One who contends in an altercation, disputes, or litigates, vehemently, or violently, (Msb, K,) and ably, or powerfully; and so ↓ مِجْدَلٌ and ↓ مِجْدَالٌ. (K.) جَدْلَآءُ fem. of أَجْدَلُ.

A2: Also syn., in two senses, with جَدِيلَةٌ, which see, in two places.

جَدْوَلٌ A rivulet; a streamlet; (S, Msb, K;) [whether natural, or formed artificially for irrigation; being often applied to a streamlet for irrigation, in the form of a trench, or gutter;] it is less than a سَاقِيَة; and this is less than a نَهْر: (Mgh in art. سَقى:) as also جِدْوَلٌ: (K:) pl. جَدَاوِلُ. (Msb.) b2: Hence, اِسْتَقَامَ جَدْوَلُهُمْ (tropical:) Their affair, or case, was, or became, in a right, a regular, or an orderly, state; like the جدول when its flow is uniform and uninterrupted. (TA.) And اِسْتَقَامَ جَدْوَلُ الحَاجِّ (assumed tropical:) The caravan of the pilgrims formed an uninterrupted line. (TA.) b3: [Hence also جَدْوَلٌ as meaning (assumed tropical:) A kind of small vein. (Golius from Ibn-Seenà.)]

b4: Hence also جَدْوَلُ كِتَابٍ (assumed tropical:) [A ruled line, (such as is ruled round a page, &c.,) and a column, and a table, of a book]. (TA.) جَدِيلٌ applied to a rope, Firmly twisted; as also ↓ مَجْدُولٌ. (TA.) b2: A camel's nose-rein (S, K) of hide, or leather, (S,) firmly twisted: (S, K:) and a cord of hide, or leather, or of [goats'] hair, [that is put] upon the neck of the camel: (K:) and the [kind of women's ornament termed] وِشَاح (S, K) is sometimes thus called: (S:) pl. جُدُلٌ. (K.) جَدَالَةٌ The ground: (S, Msb, K:) or hard ground: (TA:) or ground having fine sand. (K.) جَدِيلَةٌ A رَهْط, [q. v.,] i. e., (TA,) a thing like an إِتْب, of hide, or leather, which boys, and menstruous women, wear round the waist in the manner of an إِزَار. (K, TA.) A2: A [tribe, such as is termed] قَبِيلَة: and a region, quarter, or tract; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ: (S, K:) and so ↓ جَدْلَآءُ, in both these senses, as used in the phrase, هٰذَا عَلَى

جَدْلَائِهِ [This is according to the way of his region, and of his tribe]. (TA.) You say also, ↓ ذَهَبَ عَلَى جَدْلَائِهِ, in the K, erroneously, جَدْلَانِهِ, (TA,) i. e., على وَجْهِهِ [He went his own way], (K, TA,) and نَاحِيَتِهِ [towards his region, or quarter, or tract]. (K.) b2: A state, or condition. (K.) b3: (tropical:) A particular way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct; syn. شَاكِلَةٌ, (S, K,) and طَرِيقَةٌ. (K.) You say, عَمِلَ عَلَى جَدِيلَتِهِ, i. e. [He did according to his own particular way, &c.; or] عَمِلَ عَلَى شَاكِلَتِهِ الَّتِى جُدِلَ عَلَيْهَا [explained above: see 1]. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) A determination of the mind. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The management, or ordering, of a people's affairs; the exercise of the office of عَرِيف. (AA, TA.) جَادِلٌ A boy becoming, or become, strong; vigorous, or robust. (S.) b2: A she-camel's young one above such as is termed رَاشِح, which is such as has become strong, and walks with his mother-(As, S.) [See also جَدَلَ.]

جَنْدَلٌ: and جُنْدَلٌ: &c.: see art. جندل.

أَجْدَلُ; fem. جَدْلَآءُ: see مَجْدُولٌ, in three places

A2: Also, [accord. to most of the grammarians أَجْدَلٌ, but accord. to some أَجْدَلُ,] The hawk; syn. صَقْرٌ; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَجْدَلِىٌّ: (K:) or an epithet applied to the hawk [and therefore without tenween]: (TA:) pl. أَجَادِلُ. (K.) أَجْدَلِىٌّ: see what next precedes.

مِجْدَلٌ A قَصْر [or palace, or pavilion, &c.,] (S, K, TA [in the CK القَصِيرُ is erroneously put for القَصْرُ]) strongly constructed: (TA:) pl. مَجَادِلُ. (S, K.) A2: See also جَدِلٌ.

مِجْدَالٌ A piece of rock or stone: [an oblong roofing-stone, of those which, placed side by side, form the roof of a subterranean passage, &c.:] pl. مَجَادِيلُ. (TA.) A2: See also جَدِلٌ.

مَجْدُولٌ: see جَدِيلٌ. [Hence,] دِرْعٌ مَجْدُولَةٌ (tropical:) A compact coat of mail; (S, TA;) as also ↓ جَدْلَآءُ: (S, K:) pl. [of the latter] جُدْلٌ. (K.) b2: (tropical:) A man (K, TA) of slender make, (TA,) slender in the (bones called] قَصَب, of firm, or compact, make (مُحْكَمُ الفَتْلِ [as though firmly twisted]): (K, TA:) or slender, slim, thin, spare, lean, or light of flesh; not from emaciation: (S:) and مَجْدُولُ الخَلْقِ, as some say, of firm, or compact, make. (TA.) And مَجْدُولَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman small in the belly, and compact in flesh: (A in art. فيض:) or مَجْدُولَةُ الخَلْقِ a girl of beautiful compacture; of beautiful, compact make; syn. حَسَنَةُ الجَدْلِ. (S.) Also سَاعِدٌ

↓ أَجْدَلُ (assumed tropical:) [A fore arm, or an upper arm,] of firm, or compact, make. (K, * TA.) And سَاقٌ مَجْدُولَةٌ and ↓ جَدْلَآءُ (tropical:) [A shank of beautiful compacture;] well rounded; well turned; syn. حَسَنَةُ الطَّىِّ. (K, TA.)

جثم

1 جَثَمَ, aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جَثُمَ, (S, K,) inf. جُثُومٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جَثْمٌ, (K,) said of a bird, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and of a hare, and sometimes of a gazelle, (Msb,) or of a [young gazelle such as is termed] خَشْف, (K,) and of a camel, (Msb, K,) and a jerboa, (K,) and a man, (S, K,) He clave to the ground: (S, K:) or kept to his place, not quitting it: (K:) or fell upon his breast: (Msb, * K:) جُثُومٌ in the case of a bird and a hare is like بُرُوكٌ in the case of a camel: (Msb:) or in the case of a bird it is like جُلُوسٌ in the case of a man [so that the verb means he sat]. (Mgh.) b2: Also, (K,) aor. ـِ (TA,) said of seed-produce, It rose a little from the ground. (K, * TA.) b3: Also, (AHn, K,) aor. ـُ (AHn, TA,) inf. n. جُثُومٌ, said of a raceme of a palm-tree, Its unripe, or ripening, dates became somewhat large: (AHn, K: *) or it became large, and kept its place. (T, TA.) b4: Also, inf. n. جُثُومٌ, said of the night, (assumed tropical:) It became half spent. (Th, K, TA.) A2: جَثَمَ also signifies He collected clay, or mould, and earth, or dust, and ashes. (K.) 2 جثّم, (S, Mgh,) inf. n. تَجْثِيمٌ, (KL,) [He made a bird, and a hare, and the like, to cleave to the ground, then to be shot at, or cast at, and so killed: see مُجَثَّةٌ:] he kept, or held, a bird confined, that it might [be shot at, or cast at, and] die: (KL:) he turned an animal on his side to be slaughtered. (Golius, as from the KL, but not in my copy of that work.) 5 تجثّم He (a bird) mounted his female for the purpose of copulation. (TA.) جَثْمٌ Seed-produce rising a little from the ground; as also ↓ جَثَمٌ. (K, * TA.) b2: A raceme of a palm-tree having its unripe, or ripening, dates becoming somewhat large. (K, * TA.) جَثَمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

جُثَمٌ: see جَثَّامَةٌ: b2: and جُثَامٌ.

جَثْمَةٌ: see جُثُومٌ.

جُثْمَةٌ Clay, or mould, and earth, or dust, and ashes, collected. (K.) جَثَمَةٌ: see جُثُومٌ.

جُثَمَةٌ: see جَثَّامَةٌ: b2: and جُثَامٌ.

جُثْمَانٌ The body, with the limbs or members; syn. جِسْمٌ: and i. q. شَخْصٌ [app. as meaning a person; not, as J seems to have held, a corporeal, or material, form or thing or substance, such as is seen from a distance; see جِسْمٌ]: (K:) or, accord. to As, it has the latter meaning, i. q. شَخْصٌ; and جُسْمَانٌ has the former meaning, that of جِسْمٌ (S, Msb) and جَسَدٌ: (Msb:) or, accord. to Az, جُثْمَانٌ is syn. with جُسْمَانٌ, (S, Msb,) i. e. جَسَدٌ. (S.) One says, مَا أَحْسَــنَ جُثْمَانَ الرَّجُلِ and جُسْمَانَهُ, meaning [How goodly, or beautiful, is] the body, or person, of the man ! (Az, S.) J cites, as an ex. of this word in the sense of شخص, from a verse of Bishr, سَنَامٌ كَجُثْمَانِ البَنِيِّةِ أَتْلَعَا observing that by البنيّة is meant the Kaabeh: but IB says that the right reading, as found in his poetry, is البَلِيَّةِ, and أَتْلَعُ; and that the meaning is, A [long] hump like the جثمان [or body] of the she-camel that is placed [and confined without food or water until she dies] at the grave of a dead man. (TA.) One says also, جَآءَنَا بِثَرِيدٍ

كَجُثْمَانِ المَآءِ [He brought us crumbled bread moistened with broth and piled up, like the body of the bird of the kind called قَطًا]. (S.) جُثْمَانِيَّةُ المَآءِ, as used in the saying of ElFarajeeyeh, (K,) so in the copies of the K, [or El-Faraheeyeh, accord. to the CK,] but correctly of El-Farezdak, (TA,) وَبَاتَتْ بِجُثْمَانِيَّةِ المَآءِ نِيبُهَا

إِلَى ذَاتِ رَحْلٍ كَالْمَآتِمِ حُسَّرَا means The water itself: or the middle thereof: or the place where it collected. (K TA.) [The poet says, And her aged she-camels passed the night in the water, &c., . . . . like the companies of mourning women having the head, or the face, &c., uncovered: but what is meant by الي ذات رحل, unless it be with one having a saddle upon her, إِلَى being sometimes used in the sense of مَعَ I am unable to conjecture. In the CK, نَيْبَها and كالمٰاثِمِ are erroneously put for نِيبُهَا and كَالمَآتِمِ.]

جُثَامٌ Incubus, or nightmare; (T, K;) what comes upon a man when he is sleeping; (T, TA;) what comes upon a man in the night, preventing him from speaking; i. q. نَيْدُلَانٌ; (IAar, TA;) as also ↓ جَاثُومٌ (T, K) and ↓ جَثَّامَةٌ and ↓ جُثَمٌ and ↓ جُثَمَةٌ. (T, TA.) جَثُومٌ: see جَاثِمٌ. b2: Hence, (assumed tropical:) A hare. (TA.) جُثُومٌ pl. of جاثِمٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: Also A hill such as is called أَكَمَةٌ; and so ↓ جَثَمَةٌ (K) and ↓ جَثْمَةٌ (TA.) جَثَّامٌ: see جَاثِمٌ.

جَثَّامَةٌ: see جَاثِمٌ. b2: Hence, (tropical:) A man who keeps to the region of cities, towns, villages, or cultivated land, and does not travel: (Msb:) a man who sleeps much, and does not travel; as also ↓ جُثَمَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جُثَمٌ and ↓ جَاثُومٌ: (K:) [see also جَاثِمَةٌ:] stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; or not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs: and a forbearing, or clement, personage, chief, or man of rank or quality. (K.) b3: See also جُثَامٌ.

جَاثِمٌ A bird, (Msb, K,) and a hare, and sometimes a gazelle, (Msb,) or a [young gazelle such as is termed] خِشْف, (K,) and a camel, (Msb, K,) and a jerboa, and a man, (K,) cleaving to the ground: or keeping to his place, not quitting it: (K:) or falling upon his breast: (Msb, * K:) as also ↓ جَثُومٌ: (K:) [or the latter] and ↓ جَثَّامٌ doing so much, or often: and ↓ جَثَّامَةٌ doing so very much, or very often: (Msb:) and the first, also, sitting upon his legs like a bird: pl. جُثُومٌ (TA) [and جُثَّمٌ, accord. to Freytag].

فَأَصْبَحُوا فِى دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ, in the Kur [vii. 76, &c.], means [And they became, in their abode,] bodies cast upon the ground: (TA:) or extinct, or motionless; and dead. (Bd.) b2: الجُثثومُ (tropical:) The stars composing the constellation of the Scorpion; also called البُرُكُ: see بَرْكْ. (L and TA in art. برك.) جَاثِمَةٌ One who does not quit his house, or tent. (Lth, TA.) [See also جَثَّامَةٌ.]

جَاثُوُمٌ: see جَثَّامَةٌ: b2: and جُثَامٌ.

مَجْثَمٌ [and مَجْثِمٌ A place where a bird, &c., cleaves to the ground: or to which it keeps: or where it falls upon its breast. And particularly,] The seat, or form, of a hare: (TA:) [pl. مَجَاثِمُ.]

مُجَثَّمَةٌ A bird, and a hare, and the like, that is confined or set up, to be killed; (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh;) that is made to cleave to the ground (تُجَثَّمُ), and then shot at, or cast at, until it is killed; (S, Mgh;) which manner of killing is forbidden: (S:) or any animal that is set up and shot at, or cast at, and [so] killed: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or a sheep, or goat, that is shot at with arrows: ('Ikrimeh, Mgh:) or a sheep, or goat, that is stoned (Sh, Mgh, TA) until it dies, and is then eaten. (TA.) جثو and جثى 1 جَثَا and جَثَى (S, Msb, K) عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ and 1َ2ِ3َ, inf. n. جُثُوُّ and جُثِىُّ, (S, Msb, K,) He sat upon his knees; (K, TA;) for the purpose of contention or disputation, or the like: (TA:) or جثا [and جثى] he kneeled; put himself in a kneeling posture; which is the mode of sitting of him who is contending or disputing: (Az, Har p. 512:) [or he put down his knees upon the ground and raised his buttocks; i. e. he kneeled with his body and thighs erect, or nearly so : see جَاثٍ:] and جَثَا لِرُكْبَتِهِ he fell [upon his knee]; and جَثَوْا لِلرُّكَبِ [they fell upon the knees, and sank backwards so as to rest the body upon the keels or upon the left foot bent sideways beneath; for] جُثُوٌّ is the manner of sitting of the مُتَشَهِّد [in prayer]: (Ham p. 287:) or جَثَا, (K, TA,) inf. n. جَثْوٌ and جُثُوٌ, (TA,) he stood upon the extremities of his toes; (K;) like جَذَا; from which AO reckons it to be formed by substitution [of ث for ذ]; but IJ says that they are two dial. vars. (TA.) Aboo-Thumámeh says, أُخَاصِمُهُمْ مَرَّپً قَائِمًا وَأَجْثُو إِذَا مَا جَثَوْا لِلرُّكَبْ [I contending, or disputing, with them one time standing, and falling upon my knees when they fell upon their knees]. (Ham p. 287.) A2: جَثَوْتُ, (Sgh, K,) inf. n. جَثْوٌ; (TA;) and جَثَيْتُ, (Sgh, K,) inf. n. جَثْىٌ; (TA;) I collected camels, and sheep or goats. (Sgh, K.) 3 جَاَُيْتُ رُكْبَتِى إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ, (K, and so in some copies of the S,) or جَاثَيْتُهُ رُكْبَتِى إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ, (so in other copies of the S,) [I sat, or sat with him, with my knee to his knee, each of us sitting upon his knees, in contending or disputing: see 1]: and جَاثَيْتُهُ alone, (S voce حَاضَرْتُهُ,) [signifies the same,] inf. n. مُجَاثَاةٌ (K and TA voce مُحَاَضرَةٌ) [and جِثَآءٌ: see also 6].4 اجثاهُ (S, K) He made him to sit upon his knees: [see 1:] or he made him to stand upon the extremities of his toes. (K.) 6 تَجَاثَوْا عَلَى الرُّكَب [They sat together upon their knees], (S, K,) in contending or disputing; inf. n. مُجَاثَاةٌ and جِثَآءٌ, which are [properly inf. ns. of 3, but are] thus used as inf. ns. of a verb to which they do not conform. (TA.) b2: التَّجَاثِى فِى إِشَالَةِ الحَجَرِ is like التَّجَاذِ ى [The vying, one with another, in lifting the stone, for trial of strength]. (TA.) جُثًا, or جُثًى, [pl. of جُثْوَةٌ, q. v.

A2: Also] A company, or congregated body, of men; (TA;) or so ↓ جَثْوَةٌ (Bd in xlv. 27) [or ↓ جُثْوَةٌ]: and companies, or congregated bodies, thereof. (TA.) It has the former meaning in a trad., where it is said, يَصِيرُونَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ جُثًا كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تَتْبَعُ نَبِيَّهَا [They shall become, on the day of resurrection, a company, or congregated body, each people following its prophet: or here the pl. meaning is more reasonable]: and the latter in the trad., فُلَانٌ مِنْ جُثَى جَهَنَّمَ [Such a one is of the companies, or congregated bodies, of Hell, or Hellfire], accord. to one recital: otherwise, ↓ مِنْ جُثِىِّ جَهَنَّمَ of those that sit upon the knees therein. (TA.) A3: الجُثَا is also said to have been A certain idol, to which sacrifices were performed. (TA.) جَثْوَةٌ: see what next follows, in two places: b2: and see جُثًا.

جُثْوَةٌ and ↓ جِثْوَةٌ and ↓ جَثْوَةٌ Stones collected together: (S, K:) or the stones of earth collected together like the [mound over a] grave: and the first, a hillock: or a heap of earth: (TA:) or collected earth: (Ham p. 399:) or a quantity collected of earth &c.: (Ham p. 381:) and (hence, Ham p. 381) a grave: (TA, Ham pp. 381 and 399:) pl. جُثًا, (TA, Ham p. 399,) or جُثْى. (Ham ib.) It is said in a trad., رَأَيْتُ قُبُورَ الشُّهَدَآءِ جُثًا I saw the tombs of the martyrs [to be] collections of earth. (TA.) And جُثَى الحَرَمِ (pl. of جُثْوَةٌ, TA) and جِثَى الحَرَمِ (pl. of ↓ جِثْوَةٌ, TA) signify What are collected, in the sacred territory, of the stones of the جِمَار [or pebbles cast at Minè]: (S:) or this is a mistake; (K;) pointed out by Sgh in the TS: (TA:) the meaning is, what are collected together of the stones that are set [in heaps] at the limits of the sacred territory: or the أَنْصَاب [or stones set up around the Kaabeh] upon which victims were slain in sacrifice. (K, TA.) A2: Also i. q. جَذْوَةٌ [A live coal; or piece of fire; &c.]: (K:) or so ↓ جَثْوَةٌ and ↓ جَثْوَةٌ: (TA:) or جثوةٌ مِنْ نَارٍ: (Fr, TA:) asserted by Yaakoob to be formed by substitution [of ث for ذ]. (TA.) A3: And The middle [of a thing]. (IAar, K, TA: but omitted in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K.) A4: And The body, with the limbs or members; syn. جَسَدٌ: (K:) or so جُثْوَةٌ: pl. جُثًى. (Sh, TA.) b2: And جُثْوَةٌ, A great, or large, man. (ISh, TA.) A5: See also جُثًا.

جِثْوَةٌ: see جُثْوَةٌ, in three places.

جَثَآءٌ i. q. شَخْصٌ [app. as meaning A person; or the body of a man, like جُثْوَةٌ and جُثَّةٌ]; as also ↓ جُثَآءٌ. (Sgh, K.) b2: [And hence, perhaps,] Incubus, or nightmare. (TA. [But in this sense it is written in the TA جثا, without ء, and without any syll. sign.]) A2: Also i. q. جَزَآءٌ [Requital, or compensation]. (K.) b2: And Quantity, measure, size, bulk, or extent; and amount, sum, or number, (K, TA,) as, for instance, of a people, or company of men. (TA.) جُثَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

جَاثٍ Sitting upon his knees: or standing upon the extremities of his toes: (K:) and [simply] sitting: or [kneeling with his body and thighs erect, or nearly so; i. e.] putting down his knees [upon the ground] and raising his buttocks: (TA:) [see also 1, of which it is the part. n.:] pl. جُثِىٌ and جِثِىٌّ; (K;) or these may be pls., like بُكىٌّ and بكىٌ, pls. of بَاك; or inf. ns. used as epithets [as is indicated in the S]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say قَوْمٌ جُثِىٌّ [A company of men sitting upon their knees]; (S, Msb;) like as you say جَلَسَ جُلُوسًا and قَوْمٌ جُلُوسٌ. (S.) and hence, in the Kur [xix. 73], وَنَذَرُ الظَّالِمِينَ فِيهَا جُثِيًّا, and جِثِيًّا also, with kesr to the ج because of the kesr of the letter following it, [And we will leave the wrongdoers therein, sitting upon their knees.] (S.) And فُلَانٌ مِنْ جُثِىِّ جَهَنَّمَ: see جُثًا. (TA.) And, in the Kur [xlv. 27], وَتَرَي كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً (TA) And thou shalt see every people sitting upon the knees, (Bd, Jel,) in an upright posture, not at ease: (Bd:) or congregated; (Bd, Jel;) from جَثْوَةٌ signifying “ a company,” or “ congregated body. ” (Bd.) Whence, (TA,) سُورَةُ الجَاثِيَةِ The [forty-fifth] chapter, of the Kur-án, next after that called الدُّخَان. (S, TA.) b2: [الجَاثِى, or الجَاثِى عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ, (assumed tropical:) The constellation Hercules.]

مَجْثًى A place of sitting upon the knees.]

جذم

1 جَذَمَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K, TA) and جَذُمَ also, (accord. to some copies of the K,) inf. n. جَذْمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He cut it off; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ جذّمهُ: (K:) or جذّم signifies he cut off many things; or cut off much, or frequently: and جَذْمٌ signifies also the cutting off quickly. (TA.) [It is like خَذَمَهُ.] Yousay, جَذَمَ يَدَهِ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. as above, (Msb,) He cut off, or amputated, his arm, or hand; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ اجِذمِها, (K,) inf. n. إِجْذَامٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] جَذَمَ فُلَانٌ حَبْلَ وِصَالِهِ (tropical:) Such a one severed the bond of his union; as also جَذَبَهُ. (TA.) A2: جَذِمَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. جَذَمٌ , He (a man) had his arm, or hand, cut off, or amputated; was maimed of it. (S, Msb.) You say, حَتَّى ↓ مَا الَّذِى أجْذَمَهُ جّذِمَ [What is it that has maimed him of his arm, or hand, so that he has become maimed of it?] (TA.) b2: And جَذِمِتِ اليَدُ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَذَمٌ, (Msb,) The arm, or hand, was cut off, or amputated. (Msb, K.) A3: جُذِمَ He (a man, S, Msb) was, or became, affected, or smitten, with the disease termed جُذَام. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) 2 جَذَّمَ see 1.4 أَجْذَمَ see 1, in two places.

A2: إِجْذَامٌ also signifies The being quick in pace, or going. (Lth, TA.) You say, اجذم فِى سَيْرِهِ, (S,) or اجذم السَّيْرَ, (K,) He (a camel, S) hastened, or was quick, in his pace, or going. (S, K.) And اجذم said of a horse, (Lh, K,) and the like, of such as run, (Lh, TA,) He ran vehemently. (Lh, K.) b2: اجذم عَنِ الشَّىْءِ He abstained, or desisted, from the thing. (S, * K.) b3: اجذم He decided, determined, or resolved, upon it. (K.) 5 تَجَذَّمَ see 7.7 انجذم It was, or became, cut off; (S, K;) as also ↓ تجذّم: (K:) [or the latter is said of a number of things; or implies muchness, or frequency:] the two verbs are syn. [respectively] with اِنْقَطَعَ and تَقَطَّعَ. (TA.) b2: [Hence] you say, انجذم عَنِ الرَّكْبِ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, cut off from the company of riders upon camels. (TA.) And En-Nábighah says, صَدَّتْ سُلَيْمَى وَأَمْسَى حَبْلُهَا انْجَذَمَا [Suleymà has turned away, and the bond of her union with me has become severed]. (S.) جَذْمٌ: see the next paragraph.

A2: Also A cessation of the supply of corn or other provision. (TA.) A3: A rope cut off, or severed. (TA.) b2: A man whose extremities have fallen off in pieces, piece after piece, in consequence of the disease termed جُذَام. (TA; but in this last sense, the word is there written without any syll. signs.) جِذْمٌ The root, source, origin, or original, or the fundamental or essential or principal part, syn. أَصْل, (S, Msb, K,) of a thing, (S, Msb, TA,) whatever that thing be; (TA;) as also ↓ جَذْمٌ: (S, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْذَامٌ and [of mult.]

جُذُومٌ. (K.) b2: The family of a people; their kinsfolk: whence the saying, in a trad., لَمْ يَكْنْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَّا لَهُ جِذْمٌ بِمَكَّةَ [There was not a man of Kureysh but he had kinsfolk in Mekkeh]. (TA.) [And app. The main stock from which tribes are derived: for,] accord. to some, it ranks before شَعْبٌ. (TA voce بَطْنٌ.) b3: The places [or place] of growth of the teeth. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, El-Hárith Ibn-Waaleh, (TA,) اَلْآنَ لَمَّا ابْيَضَّ مَسْرُبَتِى

وَعَضِضْتُ مِنْ نَابِى عَلَى جِذْمِ (S, TA,) [Now, when the hair in the middle of my bosom, extending downwards to my navel, has become white, and I have bitten upon the place of growth of my canine tooth]: i. e., I have become old, and eaten upon the جذم of my ناب. (TA.) b4: The lower, or lowest, part, or the foundation, of a wall: (Mgh from a trad.:) or the remains thereof: or a portion thereof. (TA.) b5: See also جِذْمَةٌ.

جَذِمٌ Quick; swift. (K.) جَذْمَةٌ The place of the arm, or hand, where it is cut off, or amputated; as also ↓ جَذَمَةٌ. (K.) جُذْمَةٌ The defect, or deficiency, of him who has had his arm, or hand, amputated, or who has lost the end-joints of his fingers: so accord. to the copies of the K: but in the L, the defect, or deficiency [resulting] from the amputation of the arm or hand (مِنَ الإِجْذَامِ.) (TA.) A2: مَا سَمِعْتُ لَهُ جُذْمَةً, with damm, meaning [I heard him not utter] a word, is not of established authority. (ISd, TA.) جِذْمَةٌ A piece cut off (S, K) of a rope &c., (S,) or of a thing of which the extremity has been cut off, the lower, or principal, part remaining; (K;) as also ↓ جِذْمٌ. (TA.) b2: A whip: (S, K:) because it becomes cut by that which is beaten with it. (TA.) b3: The part of a whip of which the slender extremity has become much cut [by use], the lower, or principal, part remaining; pl. جِذَمٌ: (L, TA:) or the remaining part of a whip; its lower, or principal, portion. (As, TA.) b4: A thick piece of wood, having fire at the end of it or not; [i. e. a brand, or fire-brand;] like جِذْوَةٌ. (AO, S and TA in art. جذو.) b5: (assumed tropical:) A company of men [as though cut off from others]. (TA.) جَذَمَةٌ: see جَذْمَهٌ. b2: Also The uppermost pith of the palm-tree; which is the best; (K;) like جَذَبَةٌ. (TA.) b3: And Dates that come forth upon one base. (TA.) جُذَامٌ [Elephantiasis; a species of leprosy; the leprosy that pervaded Europe in the latter part of the Middle Ages;] a certain disease, (S, K,) arising from the spreading of the black bile throughout the whole person, so that it corrupts the temperament of the members, and the external condition thereof; and sometimes ending in the dissundering, or corrosion, (so accord. to different copies of the K, TA,) of the members, and their falling off, in consequence of ulceration; (K, TA;) so called because it dissunders the flesh, and causes it to fall off; (Msb;) or because the fingers, or toes, become cut off: (TA:) it is a cracking of the skin, and a dissundering, and gradual falling off, of the flesh. (Mgh.) نَوًىجَذُومٌ A tract towards which one journeys separating lovers or objects of love. (TA.) جَذِومٌ Cut off; amputated. (S, Msb, TA.) [See also أَجْذَمُ.]

جُذَامَةٌ What remains, of seed-produce, after the reaping. (S.) b2: [See also جُرَامَةٌ, in two places.]

جَامٌ [an epithet] of the measure فَعَّالٌ from الجَذْمُ meaning القَطْعُ: so in the phrase جَذَّامُ حَبْلِ الهَوَى [Wont to sever the bond of love], in a verse of Ows Ibn-Thaalabeh. (Ham p. 334.) أَجْذَمُ Having his arm, or hand, cut off, or amputated: (S, Msb, K:) or having lost the endjoints of his fingers: (K:) fem. جَذْمَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. جَذْمَى. (S.) It is said in a trad., مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ القُرْآنَ ثُمَّ نَسِيَهُ لَقِىBَ اللّٰهَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ وَهُوَ أَجْذَمُ, (A 'Obeyd, S, *) i. e., [He who learns the Kur-án and then forgets it shall meet God on the day of resurrection] having his arm, or hand, cut off: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or having lost all his limbs, or members: (KT, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) having his plea cut off; having no tongue with which to speak, nor any plea in his hand: (IAth, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) having his means of access cut off: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) with his hand devoid of good and of recompense. (IAar, El-Khattábee, TA.) And in another trad., كُلُّ خُطْبَةٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَهَادَةٌ كَالْيَدِ الجَذْمَآءِ [Every oration from the pulpit in which there is not an acknowledgment of the unity of God and of the mission of Mohammad is like the arm of which the hand is amputated]. (TA.) b2: الكّفُّ الجَذْمَآءُ [The amputated hand;] (assumed tropical:) a name of the star a of Cetus; (so in the Egyptian Almanacs;) [i. e.] the star that is in the head of Cetus: so called because it is less extended [from the Pleiades] than that called الكَفَّ الخَضِيبُ. (Kzw. [See الكَفُّ الخَضِيبُ in art.خضب.]) b3: نَعْلٌ جَذْمَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A sandal of which the [thong called] قِبَال [which is between two of the toes] is cut, or cut off, or severed. (TA.) A2: See also مَجْذُومٌ.

مُجَذَّمٌ: see مَجْذُومٌ.

A2: Also A man tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs. (TA.) رَجُلٌ مِجْذَامٌ and ↓ مِجْذَامَةٌ, [the latter of a very rare measure, (see مِعْزَابَةٌ,)] (assumed tropical:) A man who decides affairs. (K.) (tropical:) A man who, loving and being loved, when he is sensible of evil treatment quickly cuts the tie of affection: (A, TA:) or the latter, (tropical:) a man who quickly cuts the tie of love, or affection. (S, K, TA.) رَجُلٌ مِجْذَامُ الرَّكْضِ فِى الحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) A man quick in running, or fleeing, in war. (TA.) And ↓ رَجُلٌ مِجْذَامَةٌ لِلْحَرْبِ, and لِلسَّيْرِ, and لِلْهَوَى, (assumed tropical:) A man who desists from, and relinquishes, war, and journeying, and love, or natural desire. (Lh, TA.) مَجْذُومٌ A man (S, Msb) affected, or smitten, with the disease termed جُذَام; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُجَذَّمٌ (K) and ↓ أَجْذَمُ, (Kr, K,) which J erroneously disallows: (K:) J says, one does not say أجْذَمُ: (TA:) [and Fei,] they say that أَجْذَمُ, of the measure of أَحْمَرُ, is not said in this sense. (Msb.) مِجْذَامَةٌ: see مِجْذَامٌ, in two places.

جرم

1 جَرَمَهُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. جَرْمٌ, (S,) [like جَزَمَهُ,] He cut it, or cut it off. (S, K.) b2: جَرَمَ الشَّاةَ, (K,) or جَرَمَ صُوفَ الشَّاةِ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He shore, or sheared, or cut off the wool of, the sheep. (S, K, * TA.) And جَرَمْتُ مِنْهُ I took [or clipped somewhat] from it; [namely, the wool;] like جَلَمْتُ. (S.) b3: جَرَمَ النَّخْلَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. جَرْمٌ (K) and جَرَامٌ and جِرَامٌ, (S, * K,) He cut the palmtrees; (Msb;) [meaning] he cut off the fruit of the palm-trees; (S, K;) as also ↓ اجترمهُ: (S:) and in like manner, جَرَمَ التَّمْرَ he cut off the dates. (TA.) You say, هٰذَا زَمَنُ الجَرَامِ and الجِرَامِ, (S,) i. e. [This is] the time of the cutting off of the fruit of the palm-trees. (TA.) b4: and جَرَمَ النَّخْلَ, inf. n. جَرْمٌ, He computed by conjecture the quantity of fruit upon the palm-trees; (K;) and so ↓ اجترمهُ: (Lh, K:) [like جَزَمَهُ and اجتزمهُ.]

A2: جَرَمَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (S,) inf. n. جَرْمٌ, (TK,) also signifies He gained, acquired, or earned, [wealth, &c.,] (S, K,) لِأَهْلِهِ for his family; and so ↓ اجترم. (K.) And you say, خَرَجَ يَجْرِمُ لِأَهْلِهِ and يَجْرِمُ أَهْلَهُ, meaning He went forth seeking [sustenance], and practising skill, or artifice, for his family. (TA.) b2: وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَآنُ قَوْمٍ, in the Kur [v. 3 and 11], is explained by some as meaning And let not a people's hatred by any means occasion you. or cause you: or it means let not a people's hatred by any means induce you, or incite you. (S, TA.) Some read ↓ لا يُجْرِمَنَّكُمْ, with damm to the ى; and Zj says that جَرَمْتُ and أَجْرَمْتُ signify the same: but some say that the meaning is, let it not by any means lead you into crime, or sin; أَجْرَمْتُهُ being like آثَمْتُهُ, I led him into sin, &c. (TA.) b3: Fr says that the asserting جَرَمْتُ to mean حَقَقْتُ [or rather حُقِقْتُ, for this is evidently, I think, the right reading, though I find حَقَقْتُ in the TA as well as in a copy of the S, in another copy of which I find جَرَمَتْ and حَقَّقَتْ, suggesting that the right reading may perhaps be جَرَمَتْ and حُقَّتْ,] is nought: they who so explain it having been confused in their judgment by the saying of the poet Aboo-Asmà, (S, TA,) or, as some say, El-Howfazán, (TA,) or, accord. to some, 'Ateeyeh Ibn-'Ofeyf, (IB, TA,) وَلَقَدْ طَعَنْتُ أَبَا عُيَيْنَةَ طَعْنَةً

جَرَمَتْ فَزَارَةَ بَعْدَهَا أَنْ يَغْضَبُوا in which they made فزارة to be in the nom. case, as though the meaning were حُقَّ لَهَا الغَضَبُ [it was right, or fit, or proper, for it, (the tribe of Fezárah,) to be angry; nearly agreeing with an explanation of جَرَمَ given by Golius as on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, namely, “meritus, dignus fuit ”]: but, he says, فزارة is in the accus. case; the meaning being, جَرَمَتْهُمُ الطَّعْنَةُ أَنْ يَغْضَبُوا [which will be found explained, on the authority of IB, in what follows]: AO says that the meaning is, أَحَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الغَضَبَ, i. e., أَحَقَّتِ الطَّعْنَةُ فَزَارَةَ أَنْ يَغْضَبُوا, and حَقَّت also, [both having the same signification, i. e., the thrust required Fezá-rah to be angry,] from لَا جَرَمَ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ كَذَا meaning حَقًّا [Verily I will do thus]: (S, TA:) accord. to Fr, the meaning is, كَسَبَتْ فَزَارَةَ الغَضَبَ عَلَيْكَ, the right reading being, وَلَقَدْ طَعَنْتَ, with fet-h to the ت; [so that the verse means And verily thou didst thrust Aboo-'Oyeyneh with a thrust of thy spear that occasioned, or caused, Fezárah, after it, to be angry against thee:] for he is addressing Kurz El-'Okeylee, bewailing his death; and Kurz had thrust Aboo-'Oyeyneh, who was Hisn Ibn-Hudheyfeh Ibn-Bedr El-Fezáree. (IB, TA.) b4: And جَرَمَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. جَرْمٌ, (Msb,) He committed a sin, a crime, a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience; (S, Msb, K;) syn. أَذْنَبَ, (Msb, K,) and اِكْتَسَبَ الإِثْمَ; (Msb;) [perhaps because he who does so brings upon himself the consequence thereof; as though originally جَرَمَ نَفْسَهُ اولِنَفْسِهِ أَثَرَ جُرْمٍ he drew upon himself the effect of a sin, &c.; (compare كَسَبَ and اِكْتَسَبَ;)] as also ↓ اجرم, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِجْرَامٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ اجترم; (S, K;) and ↓ تجرّم. (El-'Okberee, Har p. 207.) Yousay, جَرَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ جَرِيمَةً, and إِلَيْهِمْ, (K,) and بِهِمْ, used by a poet for عليهم or اليهم, (IAar, TA,) He committed against them a crime, or an offence for which he should be punished; as also ↓ اجزم. (K.) They said also, الذَّنْبَ ↓ اجرم [He committed the sin, or crime, amp;c.]; making the verb trans. (TA.) And a poet says, وَتَرَى اللَّبِيبَ مُحَسَّدًا لَمْ يَجْتَرِمْ عِرْضَ الرِّجَالِ وَعِرْضُهُ مَشْتُومٌ

[And thou seest the intelligent envied, or much envied: he has not injured the honour of men, while his honour is reviled]. (Th, TA.) A3: جَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. جَرَمٌ, (TK,) He (a man, TA) betook himself to eating the جُرَامَة [in the CK, erroneously, جَرامَة,] of the palm-trees, (AA, K,) [i. e., the dates which had fallen in the cutting, and] which were among the branches. (AA, TA.) A4: جَرِمَ, said of a man, also signifies عَظُمَ جُرْمُهُ [His sin, or crime, &c., was, or became, great]; and so جَرُمَ, like كَرُم: [both are thus explained, in different places in this art, by the author of the TA; and the explanation in the latter case is followed by اى اذنب, i. e., he committed a six, &c.; probably added by him to show that the reading found by him was جُرْمُهُ, not جِرْمُهُ: but [think that the right reading is عَظُمَ جِرْمُهُ his body became great; and this is confirmed by what here follows:] ↓ اجرم explained in the copies of the K by عَظُمَ [in the TK عظم يعنى جرمه وجسده] should be جَرِمَ, a triliteral; and the meaning is عَظُمَ جُرْمُهُ: and in like manner, the three significations here following, assigned in the K to ↓ اجرم, belong to جَرِمَ. (TA.) A5: It (his colour) was, or became, clear. (K, * TA.) b2: He (a man, TA) was, or became, clear in his voice. (K, * TA.) A6: جَرِمَ بِهِ It (blood) stuck to him, or it: (K, * TA, and so in a marginal note in a copy of the S:) and in like manner, tar to a camel. (The same marginal note.) 2 جَرَّمَ [جرّم He cut off vehemently, or much. (Golius, on the authority of a gloss in the KL.)]

b2: جَرَّمْنَا هُمْ, inf. n. تَجْرِيمٌ, We went forth from them. (Lth, K.) b3: جَرَّمْنَا الشِّتَآءَ We completed the winter. (TA.) [See also 5.]4 اجرم التَّمْرُ The dates attained to the time for their being cut off. (TA.) A2: See also 1, in six places.5 تجرّم [It became cut off. b2: And hence,] (tropical:) It (a year, حَوْلٌ) became completed; (Az, K, TA;) as though it became cut off from the preceding year: (Az, TA:) it ended; (S;) and so the winter: (TA:) and it (a night) passed away, (S, K,) and became completed; (K;) it ended. (TA.) A2: تجرّم ثَمَانِيًا, a phrase used by Sá'ideh Ibn-Ju-eiyeh, means He passed eight nights. (TA.) [See also 2]

A3: تجرّم عَلَيْهِ He accused him of a sin, a crime, a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience, (Abu-l-'Abbás, S, K,) which he had not committed, (Abu-l-'Abbás, S,) or though he had not committed any (K.) b2: and تجرّم He guarded against the commission of sin, or crime, &c; like تأثّم. (Har p. 207.) b3: See also 1.

A4: Also He called, cried out, shouted, or vociferated; from جِرْمٌ meaning صَوْتٌ. (Har p. 207. [But see جِرْمٌ.]) 8 إِجْتَرَمَ see 1, in five places.

جَرْمٌ Hot; syn. حَرٌّ, (S,) or [rather] حَارٌّ; (K;) contr. of صَرْدٌ; (Lth, TA;) a Persian word, (S,) arabicized; (S, K;) originally گَرْم. (TA.) Yousay أَرْضٌ جَرْمٌ A warm land: (AHn, TA:) or a hot land: (IDrd, TA:) or a vehemently hot land: (K:) pl. جُرُومٌ, (AHn, TA,) which, applied to countries, or regions, means the contr. of صُرُودٌ. (S.) A2: A boat (زَوْرَقٌ) of El-Yemen; (K;) also called نَقِيرَةٌ: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) [In the dial. of Egypt, The largest kind of Egyptian boat used on the Nile for the conveyance of grain and merchandise in general, but used only when the river is high, and also in the coastingtrade, and generally carrying from 5,000 to 15,000 bushels of grain.]

جُرْمٌ A sin, a crime, a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience, syn. ذَنْبٌ, (S, Msb, * K,) whether intentional or committed through inadvertence; (Kull voce إِثْمٌ;) as also ↓ جَرِيمَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ جَرِمَةٌ: (K:) transgression: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْرَامٌ and [of mult.] جُرُومٌ, (K,) both of جُرْمٌ: the pl. of جَرِيَمةٌ is جَرَائِمُ. (TA.) A2: See also جَرَامٌ.

A3: لَا جُرْمَ: see لَا جَرَمَ.

جِرْمٌ The body; syn. جَسَدٌ; (S, Msb, K;) or بَدَنٌ; (Th, TA;) as also ↓ جِرْمَانٌ: (K:) or the أَلْوَاحِ [pl. of لَوْح q. v.] and جُثْمَان [q. v.] of the جَسَد: (T, TA:) pl. (of pauc., TA) أجْرَامٌ, (Msb, K,) which is also used as a sing., (TA,) and (of mult., TA) جُرُومٌ and جُرُمٌ. (K.) أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ أَجْرَامَهُ is a phrase mentioned, but not explained, by Lh: ISd thinks that it means He threw upon him the weight of his body; as though the term جِرْمٌ applied to each separate part of his body. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] الأَجْرَامُ الفَلَكِيَّةُ The [heavenly] bodies that are above the عَنَاصِر, of the orbs and stars. (KT.) A2: The throat, or fauces; syn. حَلْقٌ. (K.) The phrase يَضِيقُ بِهِ الجِرْمُ, used by the poet Maan Ibn-'Ows, means (assumed tropical:) It is a great, or formidable, thing, or matter: [properly,] the throat (الحَلْقُ) will not easily swallow it. (TA.) b2: The voice; (S, K;) mentioned by ISk and others; (S;) and so explained as used in the phrase إِنَّ فُلَانًا لَحَسَنُ الجِرْمِ [Verily such a one is good in respect of voice]: (TA:) or highness, or loudness, of the voice: (K, TA:) you say, مَا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا بِجِرْمِهِ [I knew him not save by his voice, or his highness, or loudness, of voice]: but some disapprove this: (TA:) AHát says that the vulgar are addicted to saying, فُلَانٌ صَافِى الجِرْمِ Such a one is clear in voice, or in throat: but it is a mistake. (S, TA.) A3: Colour. (IAar, S, Msb, K.) One may say, of نَجَاسَة [or filth], لَا جِرْمَ لَهَا, meaning It has no colour. (Msb.) A4: الأَجْرَامُ (app. as pl. of جِرْمٌ, TA) The utensils, or apparatus, of the pastor. (K.) لَا جَرَمَ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and لَا ذَا جَرَمَ, (IAar, K,) ذا being here a redundant connective as in several other instances, (IAar, TA,) and لَا أَنْ ذَا جَرَمَ and لَا عَنْ ذَا جَرَمَ (K) and لَا جَرَ, (Ks, K, [in the CK لا جَرْمَ,]) in which the م is elided in consequence of frequency of usage, as the ى is in حَاشَ لِلّهِ for حَاشَى لِلّٰهِ, and the ى and ء in أَيْشَ for أَىُّ شَىْءٍ, (Ks, TA,) and لَا ذَا جَرَ (IAar, TA) and ↓ لَا جَرُمَ and ↓ لَا جُرْمَ, (K,) originally i. q. لَا بُدَّ and لَامَحَالَةٌ [There is no avoiding it; it is absolutely necessary; &c.]: then, by reason of frequency of usage, employed in the manner of an oath, as meaning حَقًّا [verily, or truly]; wherefore, as in the case of an oath, ل is prefixed to its complement, (Fr, S, Msb, K, *) so that they say, لَا جَرَمَ لَآتِيَنّكَ [Verily I will come to thee], (Fr, S, K,) and لَا جَرَمَ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ كَذَا [Verily I will do thus], (S, Msb, *) and لَا جَرَمَ لَقَدْ كَانَ كَذَا and لَا ذَا جَرَمَ and لَا ذَا جَرَ [Verily it was thus, or verily such a thing happened]: (IAar, TA:) ISd says, Kh asserts that جَرَمَ [or لَا جَرَمَ] is only a reply to something said before it; as when a man says, “They did such a thing,” and you say, لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّهُمْ سَيَنْدَمُونَ, or أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ كَذَا وَكَذَا; and Az says that لا in لَا جَرَمَ is said to be a [mere] connective; and the meaning [of the former of the last two phrases] is كَسَبَ لَهُمْ عَمَلُهُمُ النَّدَمَ [It (their deed) will earn for them, or occasion them, repentance; and that of the latter, it will occasion that such and such things shall happen]: and some say that جَرَمَ means وَجَبَ, and حَقَّ, and that لا is a contradiction to the words preceding it, and that a new proposition then begins; as in the Kur [xvi. 64] where it is said, لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّ لَهُمُ النَّارَ, i. e., [Nay, or] the case is not as they have said: the fire [of Hell] is their due. (TA.) لَا جَرُمَ: see the paragraph next preceding.

جِرْمَةٌ People cutting off the fruit of palmtrees. (S, K, TA.) [In this sense it is app. a pl. of pauc., or a quasi-pl. n., of جَارِمٌ, q. v.] b2: Also Ripening dates cut off from the trees: and this sense, not the former as is implied in the S, is meant by Imra-el-Keys, where he says, عَلَوْنَ بِأَنْطَاكِيَّةٍ فَوْقَ عِقْمَةٍ

كَجِرْمَةٍ نَخْلٍ أَوْ كَجَنَّةِ يَثْرِبَ [They mounted, at Antioch, upon a variegated cloth, like the ripening dates cut off from palmtrees, or like the garden of Yethrib]: he likens the variegated cloth and wool upon the هَوْدَج to red and yellow ripening dates, or to the garden of Yethrib because it abounded with palm-trees. (TA.) جَرِمَةٌ: see جُرْمٌ.

جِرْمَانٌ: see جِرْمٌ.

جَرَامٌ (erroneously said in the K to be [جُرَامٌ] like غُرَابٌ, TA) and ↓ جَرِيمٌ Dry dates: (AA, S, M, K:) mentioned by ISk among [syn.] words of the measures فَعَالٌ and فَعِيلٌ, like شَحَاحٌ and شَحِيحٌ, and بَجَالٌ and بَجِيلٌ, &c. (S.) b2: Also, both these words, (AA, S, K, *) but the former not heard in this sense by ISd, (TA,) Datestones; (AA, S, K;) and so ↓ جُرْمٌ: (mentioned in one copy of the S, but not in the TA, [probably an interpolation in the copy of the S above mentioned:]) and ↓ جَرِيمَةٌ a date-stone; as in the saying of 'Ows Ibn-Háritheh, لَا وَالَّذِى أَخْرَجَ العَذْقَ مِنَ الجَرِيمَةِ وَالنَّارَ مِنَ الوَثِيمَةِ [No, by Him who has produced the palm-tree with its fruit from the date-stone, and fire from broken stones]. (TA.) جَرِيمٌ Dates (تَمْرٌ) cut off from the tree; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مَجْرُومٌ. (TA.) And شَجَرَةٌ جَرِيمَةٌ A cut tree. (TA.) b2: See also جَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. in two senses: in the latter sense having جَرِيمَةٌ for its n un. b3: Also A thing with which date-stones are brayed, or crushed. (TA.) A2: See also مُجْرِمٌ.

A3: Also Large-bodied; (S, * K;) and so ↓ مَجْرُومٌ: (K:) pl. (of the former, S) جِرَامٌ. (S, K.) The fem. of the former is with ة: (K:) [but] one says also جِلَّةٌ جَرِيمٌ, meaning Largebodied camels advanced in age. (S.) A4: In El-Hijáz, The [measure commonly termed] مُدّ is thus called; accord. to Z, the مُدّ of the Prophet. (TA.) جُرَامَةٌ i. q. جُذَامَةٌ; (K;) i. e., (TA,) The dates that have fallen when they are cut off from the tree: (S, TA:) so says As: (TA:) [but see the latter word as explained on the authority of the S in art. جذم:] and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) dates cut off from the tree: or what are gotten (يُجْرَمُ) thereof, after their being cut off, being picked up from the lower ends of the branches. (K, TA. [See جَرِمَ.]) And The قَصَل of wheat and barley; i. e., the extremities thereof, which are bruised, and then cleared, or picked: (K, TA:) but the term more known is جُذَامَةٌ, with ذال. (TA.) جَرِيمَةٌ The last of one's offspring: (K:) as though there were a cutting off after it. (TA.) A2: See also جَارِمٌ: A3: and see جُرْمٌ: A4: and جَرَامٌ.

جَارِمٌ Cutting off, or one who cuts off, the fruit of the palm-tree: pl. جُرَّمٌ and جُرَّامٌ. (S.) [See also جِرْمَةٌ.]

A2: جَارِمُ أَهْلِهِ (TA) and أَهْلِهِ ↓ جَرِيمَةُ (S, K *) The gainer, acquirer, or earner, [of the sustenance] of his family. (S, K, TA.) A3: See also مُجْرِمٌ, in two places.

مُجْرِمٌ A sinner; a criminal; committing, or a committer of, a sin, a crime, a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience; as also ↓ جَرِيمٌ (K) and ↓ جَارِمٌ: (TA:) and المُجْرِمُونَ particularly signifies the unbelievers: (Zj, K:) so in the Kur vii. 38. (Zj, TA.) You say, عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ↓ هُوَ جَارِمٌ وَقَوْمِهِ, [as also مُجْرِمٌ,] He is committing a crime, or an offence for which he should be punished, against himself and his people or party. (TA.) مُجَرَّمٌ, (fem. with ة, S,) A complete year (S, K) and month; (Ibn-Háni, TA;) a year past, completed. (Az, TA.) مَجْرُومٌ: see جَرِيمٌ, in two places.

جفن

1 جَفَنَ نَاقَةً, (K,) inf. n. جَفْنٌ, (TA,) He slaughtered a she-camel, and gave her flesh for food (K, TA) to the people, (TA,) in bowls (جِفَان). (K, TA.) 2 جفّنوا They made bowls (جِفَان [probably meaning they prepared bowls of food: accord. to Freytag's Lex., جفّن means “ apposuit scutellam; but he does not name his authority]). (TA.) A2: جفّن and ↓ تجفّن It (a grape-vine) attained to the state of having an أَصْل [i. e., app., a stock]. (TA.) 5 تَجَفَّنَ see 2.

جَفْنٌ The eyelid; both the upper and the lower: (S, Msb, K:) of the mase. gender: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْفَانٌ and أَجْفُنٌ and [of mult.] جُفُونٌ. (K.) b2: The upper surface, and the lower, of a cake of bread: both together being called جَفْنَا الرَّغِيفِ. (Lh, TA.) b3: The scabbard, or sheath, (غِمْد, S, K, or غِلَاف, Msb,) of a sword: (S, Msb, K:) [or] the case, or receptacle, in which is [put] the sword together with its غمد and suspensory belt or cord: (S voce قِرَابٌ:) [but the former signification only is commonly known:] and [it is said that] ↓ جِفْنٌ signifies the same; (K;) but this is doubted by IDrd: (M, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْفَانٌ and [of mult.] جُفُونٌ. (Msb.) b4: The أَصْل [app. here meaning stock] of a grape-vine: (K:) or a grape-vine itself, in the dial. of El-Yemen; (T, TA;) so called as being imagined to be the receptacle of the grapes: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or a species of grape: (ISd, K:) or the skin of the grape, in which is the juice: (IAar, TA:) or a climbing shoot of a grape-vine: (AHn, TA:) or the shoots of the grape-vine: (T, S, M, K:) n. un. with ة: (T S, M:) or, accord. to IAar, جَفْنَةٌ is syn. with كرعة [app. a mistranscription for كَرْمَةٌ a single grape-vine]: or, accord. to some, as ISd says, the leaves of the grape-vine. (TA.) [Hence,] مَآءُ الجَفْنِ The juice of the vine; (A, TA;) wine: (TA:) [or it may originally mean tears; then, rain; and then, wine: for] wine is also called مَآءُ السَّحَابِ: and جَفْنُ المَآءِ means the clouds. (TA.) b5: A kind of tree, of sweet odour. (AHn, K.) b6: A certain plant, of the kind called أَحْرَار, that grows in a spreading manner, and, when it dries up, contracts; having grains like the حُلْبَة [or fenugreek]. (AHn, TA.) جِفْنٌ: see جَفْنٌ.

جَفْنَةٌ A [bowl of the kind called] قَصْعَة: (K:) or like a قصعة: (S:) the largest kind of قصعة; (Ks, S in art. صحف, M;) next to which is the قصعة [properly so called], which satisfies the hunger of ten [men]; then, the صَحْفَة, which satisfies five; then, the مِئْكَلَة, which satisfies two men, and three; then, the صُحَيْفَة, which satisfies one man: (Ks, S in art. صحف:) it is peculiarly applied to a receptacle for kinds of food: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. [of mult.] جَفَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and جِفَنٌ (Sb, TA) and (of pauc., TA) جَفَنَاتٌ (S, Msb, K.) [Hence,] كُفِئَتْ جَفْنَتُهُ [His bowl was turned upside-down; meaning] (tropical:) he was slain; a phrase similar to هُرِيقَ رِفْدُهُ. (A in art. رفد.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A small well; (K;) as being likened to the جفنة for food. (Er- Rághib, TA.) b3: (tropical:) A generous man: (K:) جَفْنَةٌ غَرَّآءُ is an appellation applied to a generous man who entertains many guests and feeds many: (IAar, TA:) he is called جفنة because people are fed in the جفنة, and the epithet غرّآء is added because of the whiteness of the camel's hump in the جفنة. (TA.) b4: Also i. q. خَمْرَةٌ [meaning Some wine, or a kind of wine: see also مَآءُ الجَفْنِ, voce جَفْنٌ]. (IAar, TA.)

جون

1 جَانَ, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, جانَّ,]) inf. n. جَوْنٌ, (TA,) It (the face) became black. (K.) جَوْنٌ White: and black: (S, Msb, K:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (S:) and ↓ جُونِىٌّ, also, has the latter signification: (IAth, TA in art. حوت:) or جَوْنٌ signifies black tinged over with red: (T, M, TA:) and black intermixed with red; the colour of the قَطَا: (T, TA:) and also red: (K:) or of a pure red colour: (TA:) and, applied to a horse and a camel, of the colour termed أَدْهَم, (S, K,) intensely black: (S:) every camel, and every wild ass, seen from a distance, is of this colour: fem. with ة: (T, TA:) and, applied to a plant, or herbage, green, (K,) or intensely green, (TA,) inclining to blackness: (K, TA:) pl. جُونٌ; (S, TA;) like as صُتْمٌ is of صَتْمٌ, (S,) and وُرْدٌ of وَرْدٌ. (M, TA.) You say also, الشَّمْسُ جَوْنَةٌ The sun is characterized by what is termed جُونَةٌ: (S:) or is intensely glistening and clear. (Az, TA.) [See also جَوْنَةٌ below.] See also جُونِىٌّ. Accord. to ISk, أَبُو الجَوْنِ meansThe white man: opposed to أَبُوالبَيْضَآءِ meaning the negro. (TA in art. بيض.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Day: (AO, S, K:) pl. as above. (K.) So in the saying, غَيَّرَ يَا بِنْتَ الحُلَيْسِ لَوْنِى

مَرُّ اللَّيَالِى وَاخْتِلَافُ الجُوْنِ [The passing of the nights, and the alternating of the day, have changed, O daughter of El-Holeys, my colour]. (AO, S.) b3: And, accord. to certain of the lawyers, metaphorically, (tropical:) The light: and the darkness. (Msb.) b4: And accord. to IAar, (assumed tropical:) The فرق [app. فَرَق, meaning day-break]. (TA.) A2: الجَوْنَانِ The two extremities of the bow. (Fr, Az, K.) جَوْنَةٌ The sun; (K;) [i. e.] the sun's disc; because it becomes black [or of a blackish colour tinged with red] at setting; (S;) or it may be because of its whiteness and clearness; but it is said to be only applied to the sun when it is setting; opposed to غَزَالَةٌ; as observed by MF: (TA:) [see also جَوْنٌ:] the sun is also called ↓ جَوْنَآءُ, (K,) because of its becoming black [or of a blackish colour tinged with red] at setting. (TA.) b2: A [jar such as is called] خَابِيَة: (IAar, TA:) or a خابية smeared with tar, or pitch. (S.) [See an ex. in a verse of Lebeed cited in art. دكن.] See also جُونَةٌ. b3: And A bucket (دَلْو) that has become black. (IAar, TA.) b4: And i. q. فَحْمَةٌ [which may here mean either A piece of charcoal, or the blackness of night or the like]. (IAar, K.) b5: And i. q. أَحْمَرُ [perhaps as a subst., meaning A red thing]. (K.) b6: See also جَونِىٌّ.

جُونَةٌ The quality [i. e. colour], in horses, denoted by [the epithet] جَوْنٌ; like غُبْسةٌ and دُهْمَةٌ; (S;) in horses, i. q. جَوْنَةٌ: (K:) and in the sun, also, the quality denoted by جَوْنَةٌ [as fem. of جَوْنٌ, q. v.]: and blackness; as in the saying, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ حَتَّى تَبْيَضَّ جُونَةُ القَارِ [I will not do it until the blackness of pitch, or tar, become white]: but if you say القَارِ ↓ جَوْنَةُ, the meaning is the خَابِية [smeared with tar, or pitch]. (S.) A2: A small basket (سُلَيْلَة), (K,) or سَفَط, (K in art. جأن,) of a round form, (TA,) that is with the sellers of perfumes, (S, K,) used for containing their perfumes: (K in art. جأن:) called in Persian شِيشَهْ دَانٌ [a receptacle for bottles or the like]: (KL:) originally with ء: (K:) or sometimes pronounced with ء: (S:) El-Fárisee approved the suppression of the ء: (M, TA:) pl. جُوَنٌ. (S, M, K.) [See also رَبْعَةٌ.]

A3: A small mountain. (K.) جَوْنَآءُ: see جَوْنَةٌ. b2: Also A cooking-pot; (K;) because it is black. (TA.) b3: And A she-camel such as is termed دَهْمَآءُ [of an intense, or a dark, gray colour, without any admixture of white]; from جَانَ said of the face. (K.) جُونِىٌّ: see جَوْنٌ. b2: Also A species of the kind of bird called قَطًا, (S, K,) black in the belly and wings, larger than the [species called] كُدْرِىّ, one of the former species being equal to two of the latter: (S, TA:) or, accord. to ISk, the قطا compose two species; one called جُونِىٌّ and كُدْرِىٌّ; and the other, غَطَاطٌ; and the former is dusky, or dingy, or of a hue inclining to black and dust-colour, (أَكْدَر,) in the back, black in the inner side of the wing, yellow in the throat, short in the legs, having in the tail two feathers longer than the rest of the tail: (T, TA:) or, as some say, the كُدْرِيَّة and جُونِيَّة are one of the two species of the قطا, and the other is the غطاط; and the former are short in the legs, yellow in the necks, black in the primary feathers of the wings, of a white hue tinged with red (صُهْب) in the tertials: (TA voce غطاط, q. v.:) [but see كُدْرِىٌّ: the جونىّ is described by De Sacy, on the authority of the book entitled درّة المنتقاة من عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات, thus: “ le djouni a les barbes internes des ailes et les pennes primaires noires; il a la gorge blanche, ornée de deux colliers, l'un jaune et l'autre noir; son dos est d'un gris cendré, moucheté, mêlé d'un peu de jaune: on appelle cette espèce djouni, parce que sa voix ne rend pas un son clair et sonore, mais qu'elle fait entendre seulement une sorte de gargouillement dans le gosier: ” (Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., ii. 369:)] it is stated in the handwriting of As, on the authority of the Arabs, that جونىّ, applied to the قطا, is with ء; app. meaning that it was pronounced جُؤُنِىٌّ: (M, TA:) a single bird of this species is termed جُونِيَّةٌ: (S:) and you say also ↓ قَطَاةٌ جَوْنَةٌ, with fet-h: (TA:) [but جُونِىٌّ seems to be also used as a n. un., like رُومِىٌّ: for it is said that] جُونٌ is pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of جُونىٌّ, like as تَمْرٌ is of تَمْرَةٌ. (Ham p. 605.)

كثب

1 كَثَبَهُ, aor. ـُ and كَثِبَ, inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He collected it together, (S, K,) from a near place. (TA.) كُثِبَ بَيْنَنَا [It (referring to a quantity of dates, sent by Mohammad,) was collected together among us;] meaning, it was left collected together before us. (TA, from a trad.) كَثَبَ القَوْمَ He collected together the people. (Msb.) b2: كَثَبَهُ, aor. ـُ and كَثِبَ, inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He poured it out, or forth. (K.) He collected it together from a near place, and poured it out, or forth. (TA.) b3: He scattered dust, or earth, part over part. (Lth.) b4: كَثَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He scattered corn or other food. (Az.) b5: كَثَبَ كِنَانَتَهُ He turned his quiver upside down, and scattered its contents. (K.) In one copy of the K, explained by نكثها; but this is a mistake: the right reading is نَكَبَهَا. (TA.) b6: كَثَبَ, aor. ـُ and كَثِبَ, inf. n. كَثْبٌ, It (a people, TA,) collected itself together, or congregated. (K.) A2: كَثَبٌ, aor. ـُ and كَثَبَ, inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He entered. (K.) Ex. كَثَبُوا لَكُمْ They entered among you. From [كَثَبٌ as signifying] “ nearness. ” (TA.) b2: كَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ He charged upon him, and returned against him after retiring from him: (K:) or he drew near to him, and charged upon him, &c. (TA.) See also 4.

A3: كَثَبَ لَبَنُهَا Her milk became little; (K;) either in a case of [usual] copiousness or paucity. (TA.) 2 كثّب, inf. n. تَكْثِيبٌ, It [a number of things, or a quantity,] was, or became, few, or little. The inf. n. is explained in the K by the word قِلَّة; but this, says SM, I do not find in the [other] lexicons. (TA.) 3 كَاْثَبَ see 4.4 اكثبهُ, and اكثب لَهُ, and مِنْهُ, (K,) and إِلَيْهِ, and ↓ كَثَبَهُ, (TA,) and ↓ كاثبهُ, (K,) He drew near to, or approached, him or it. (K.) إِذَا كَثَبُوكُمْ فَارْمُوهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ When they draw near to you, shoot at them with arrows. (TA, from a trad.) [You say] أَكْثَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ قَارْمِهِ, (S, * K,) and أَكْثَبَ لَكَ, (TA,) The game hath enabled thee [to shoot it]; (S;) or made thee to have its كَاثِبَة within thy power, or reach; (K;) or drawn near to thee and enabled thee [to take advantage of it]; (TA;) [so shoot at it]. In some copies of the K, for اكثبك, we read كَثَبَكَ; but the former is the right reading, though the two verbs are syn. The phrase is a proverb. (TA.) A2: اكثبهُ He gave him to drink a كُثْبَة (K) of milk. (TA.) 7 انكثب It (sand) collected. (S.) b2: انكثب فِيهِ It (anything) poured out, or forth, or was, or became, poured out, or forth, into it, (S,) and collected. (TA.) b3: انكثب It (dust, or earth,) was, or became, scattered, part over part. (Lth.) كَثَبٌ Nearness [with respect to place]. (S, K.) The ب in this word is sometimes changed into م. (Msb.) هُوَ كَشَبَكَ He is near thee. Sb says that it is not used otherwise than as an adverbial noun of place. But you say, هُوَ يَرْمِى مِنْ كَثَبٍ He shoots, or throws, from a near spot, and from a distance from which he can reach, or hit. (TA.) كُثْبَةٌ A portion, or quantity, of corn or other food, (or of dates, TA,) or dust, or earth, &c., (K), after it has been little. (TA.) b2: Anything collected together, (K,) of corn or other food, &c., after it has been little. (S.) b3: A little of milk, &c.: (A'Obeyd) or a little of water and of milk: or a gulp, or draught, remaining in a vessel: (K:) or the quantity of one milking: (S:) or the quantity that is contained in a bowl or cup of the kind called قَدَح, of milk, (Az, S, K,) and of water: (K:) pl. كُثَبٌ. (S.) إِحْتَلَبُوا كُثَبًا They milked a little from each ewe. (AHát.) One says of a man who comes to seek food as a guest under the pretence of demanding a woman in marriage, إِنَّهُ لَيَخْطُبُ كُثْبَةً [Verily he sues for a little milk, &c.] (IAar.) A2: A depressed tract of land between mountains. (K.) كَثْبَاءُ Dust, or earth, (تُرَابٌ): (K, as in the Calc. ed. and in a MS. copy:) or one of the names of شَرَاب [by which, app., is here meant wine]. (So accord. to the TA, which does not mention the former reading in the K.) كُثَابٌ Many, or much: (K:) a syn. of كُبَابٌ, q. v.: you say نَعَمٌ كُثَابٌ, meaning Many camels, or camels and sheep or goats. (TA.) كِثَابٌ: see كُثَّابٌ.

كَثِيبٌ A thing collected together. (Msb.) b2: A hill, or heap, of sand: (S, K:) or an oblong and gibbous hill of sand: or an extended gibbous hill [or an elevated expanse] of sand: or what has collected, of sand, and assumed a gibbous shape: (TA:) or what has poured down, of sand, into a place, and collected there: (S:) [less than what is called عَقَنْقَلٌ, q. v.:] pl. كُثْبَانٌ (S, K) and كُثُبٌ and أَكْثِبَةٌ: (K:) [the last a pl. of pauc.]. b3: وكَانَتِ الجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مُهِيلًا [Kur, lxxiii. 14,] signifies And the mountains shall be sand, whereof the lower part being shaken, it shall pour down upon thee from above. (Fr.) b4: ثَلَاثَةٌ عَلَى كُثُبِ المِسْكِ, or كُثْبَانِ المسك, [Three (descriptions of men shall be, on the day of resurrection,) on hills, or heaps, of musk]. (TA, from a trad.) كَثَّابٌ: see كُثَّابٌ.

كُثَّابٌ (S, art. كتب, and K) and ↓ كَتَّابٌ, (K,) as also كُتَّابٌ, q. v., An arrow having neither head nor feathers, (As, K,) with which boys play: (As, TA:) or a common arrow. (TA.) [You say,] مَا رَمَاهُ بِكُثَّابٍ He did not shoot at him with an arrow: or, as some say, a small arrow is here meant. (L.) A proverb, which is related as above: but accord. to the K., ↓ مَا رَمَى بِكِثَابٍ He did not shoot, or throw anything; an arrow or other thing. (TA.) كَثْنَبٌ and كَنْثَبٌ: see arts. كثنت and كنثب.

كَاثِبَةٌ The مِنْسَج (or part below the حَارِك, which latter is the withers, or the upper part thereof, &c.,) of a horse: (K:) or the fore part of the منسج of a horse, where the hand of the horseman falls [when he mounts]: (S:) or the elevated part of the منسج: or the part from the root of the neck to the part between the shoulders: or the place where the shoulders unite, before the saddle; [i. e. the withers]: pl. كَوَاثِبُ (TA) and أَكْثَابٌ: (K:) but of the latter pl. ISd remarks, I know not how this is. (TA.) يَضَعُونَ رِمَاحَهُمْ عَلَى كَوَاثِبِ خَيْلِهِمْ [They put their spears upon the withers of their horses]. The last of the above explanations is here assigned to كواثب. (TA, from a trad.)