غرب

1 غَرَبَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. غَرْبٌ, (K, TA,) He, or it, went, went away, passed away, or departed. (K, * TA.) b2: And He retired, or removed, (K, * TA,) عَنِ النَّاسِ [from men, or from the people]. (TA.) b3: And غَرَبَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ غرّب; (A, TA;) and ↓ تــغرّب; (K, TA;) He, or it, became distant, or remote; or went to a distance. (S, A, K, TA.) One says, اُــغْرُبْ عَنِّى Go thou, or withdraw, to a distance from me. (S.) b4: And غَرَبَ and ↓ غرّب He, or it, became absent, or hidden. (K.) The former is said of a wild animal, meaning He retired from view, or hid himself, in his lurking-place. (A.) b5: And غَرَبَــتِ الشَّمْسُ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. غُرُوبٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مَــغْرِبٌ [which is anomalous] and مُغَيْرِبَانٌ [which is more extr.], (TA,) The sun set: (S, Msb, TA:) and غَرَبَ النَّجْمُ The star set. (TA.) A2: غَرْبٌ [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is غَرَبَ] signifies also (assumed tropical:) The being brisk, lively, or sprightly. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The persevering (K, TA) in an affair. (TA.) b3: غَرَبَــتِ العَيْنٌ, inf. n. غَرْبٌ, The eye was affected with a tumour such as is termed غَرْبٌ [q. v.] in the inner angle. (TA.) A3: غَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ or غُرْبَــةٌ and غُرْبٌ, said of a man: see 5. b2: غَرُبَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ, said of language, (A, TA,) It was strange, or far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; obscure. (A, * K, TA.) And in like manner, you say, غَرُبَــتِ الكَلِمَةُ [which also signifies The word was strange as meaning unusual]. (A, TA.) A4: غَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَبٌ, (TA,) He, or it, was, or became, black. (K, TA.) A5: غَرِبَــتْ said of a ewe or she-goat, She was, or became, affected with the disease termed غَرَبٌ meaning as expl. below. (S.) A6: See also غَرَبٌ in another sense.2 غرّب, inf. n. تَغْرِيبٌ: see 1, in two places: and 4, likewise in two places: b2: and see also 5. b3: Also He went into the west: (TA in this art.:) he directed himself towards the west. (TA in art. شرق.) One says, غَرِّبْ شَرِّقْ [Go thou to the west go thou to the east: meaning go far and wide]. (A, TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: He made, or caused. him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof: (Mgh:) he removed, put away, or put aside, him, or it; as also ↓ اغرب. (TA.) b2: And غرّب, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He banished a person from the country, or town, (S, * Mgh, * Msb, TA,) in which a dishonest action had been committed [by him]. (TA.) b3: and He divorced a wife. (TA, from a trad.) b4: and غرّبــهُ الدَّهْرُ, and غرّب عَلَيْهِ, Fortune left him distant, or remote. (TA.) A3: تَغْرِيبٌ signifies also, accord. to the K, The bringing forth white children: and also, black children: thus having two contr. meanings: but this is a mistake; the meaning being, the bringing forth both white and black children: the bringing forth either of the two kinds only is not thus termed, as Saadee Chelebee has pointed out. (MF, TA.) A4: Also The collecting and eating [hail and] snow and hear-frost; (K;) i. e., غُرَاب. (TA.) A5: See also غَرَبٌ.4 إِغْرَابٌ signifies The going far into a land, or country; as also ↓ تَغْرِيبٌ. (K.) And you say, الكِلَابُ ↓ غرّبــت The dogs went far in search, or pursuit, of the object, or objects, of the chase. (A, TA.) b2: See also 5. b3: And اغرب signifies He made the place to which he cast, or shot, to be distant, or remote. (A.) b4: Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He (a horse) ran much: (K:) or اغرب فِى جَرْيِهِ, said of a horse, (A, TA,) he exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in his running: (A:) or he ran at the utmost rate. (TA.) b5: And اغرب فِى الضَّحِكِ, (A, K,) and ↓ اِسْتَــغْرَبَ فِيهِ, (S, A, * K, *) and ↓ اُسْتُــغْرِبَ (K, TA) i. e. فى

الضّحك, and ضَحِكًا ↓ اِسْتَــغْرَبَ occurring in a trad. and عَلَيْهِ الضَّحِكُ ↓ اِسْتَــغْرَبَ, and اغرب الضَّحِكَ, (TA,) He exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing; (A, K, TA;) or he laughed [immoderately, or] violently, or vehemently, and much: (S, TA:) or i. q. قَهْقَهَ [q. v.]: (TA:) or اغرب signifies he laughed so that the غُرُوب [or sharpness and lustre &c.] of his teeth appeared: (L, TA:) or اغرب فى الضحك means he exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing, so that his eye shed tears [which are sometimes termed غَرْب]. (Har p. 572.) In the saying, in a certain form of prayer, ↓ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ مُسْتَــغْرِبٍ [I seek protection by Thee from every devil &c.], the meaning of مستــغرب is thought by El-Harbee to be exorbitant in evilness, wickedness, or the like; as though from الاِسْتِغْرَابُ فِى الضَّحِكِ: or it may mean sharp, or vehement, in the utmost degree. (TA.) b6: And اغرب, (S, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He did, or said, what was strange, or extraordinary. (S, Msb, K.) You say, تَكَلَّمَ فَأَــغْرَبَ He spoke, and said what was strange, and used extraordinary words: and يُــغْرِبُ فِى كَلَامِهِ [He uses strange, or extraordinary, words in his speech]. (A, TA.) b7: Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He came to the west. (K, TA.) [See also 2.]

A2: اغرب also signifies He had a white child born to him. (TA.) b2: And إِغْرَابٌ signifies Whiteness of the groins, (K, TA,) next the flank. (TA.) You say, of a man, اغرب meaning He was white in his groins. (TK.) A3: See also غَرَبٌ.

A4: اغرب as trans.: see 2. b2: إِغْرَابٌ said of a rider signifies His making his horse to run until he dies: (K:) or, accord. to Fr, one says, اعرب عَلَى

فَرَسِهِ meaning “ he made his horse to run: ” [or اعرب فَرَسَهُ has this meaning: (see 4 in art. عرب:)] but he adds that some say اغرب. (O in art. عرب.) b3: And اغرب, (S, TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He filled (S, K, TA) a skin, (S, TA,) and a watering-trough or tank, and a vessel. (TA.) Bishr (Ibn-Abee-Kházim, TA) says, وَكَأَنَّ ظُعْنَهُمُ غَدَاةَ تَحَمَّلُوا

↓ سُفُنٌ تَكَفَّأُ فِى خَلِيجٍ مُــغْرَبِ [And as though their women's camel-vehicles, on the morning when they bound the burdens on their beasts and departed, were ships inclining forwards (or moving from side to side like the tall palm-tree) in a filled river (or canal)]. (S.) b4: Hence, (TA,) إِغْرَابٌ signifies also Abundance of wealth, and goodliness of condition: (K, TA:) because abundance of wealth fills the hands of the possessor thereof, and goodliness of condition fills [with satisfaction] the soul of the goodly person. (TA.) [Therefore the verb, meaning He was endowed (as though filled) with abundance of wealth and with goodliness of condition, is app. أُــغْرِبَ; not (as is implied in the TK) أَــغْرَبَ: the explanation of the verb in the TK is, his wealth was, or became, abundant, and his condition was, or became, goodly.] b5: One says also (of a man, S) أُــغْرِبَ (with damm, K) meaning His pain became intense, or violent, (As, S, K, TA,) from disease or some other cause. (TA.) b6: And أُــغْرِبَ عَلَيْهِ, accord. to the K, signifies A foul, or an evil, deed was done to him; and [it is said that] أُــغْرِبَ بِهِ signifies the same: but in other works, [the verb must app. be in the act. form, for] the explanation is, he did [to him] a foul, or an evil, deed. (TA.) b7: And أُــغْرِبَ said of a horse, His blaze spread (S, K) so that it took in his eyes, and the edges of his eyelids were white: and it is used in like manner to signify that they were white by reason of what is termed زَرَقٌ [inf. n. of زَرِقَ, q. v.]. (S, TA.) See its part. n., مُــغْرَبٌ.5 تــغرّب: see 1, third sentence. b2: تــغرّب and ↓ اغترب are syn., (S, Msb, K,) signifying He became [a stranger, a foreigner; or] far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (S, * Msb, K;) [he went abroad, to a foreign place or country;] and so ↓ غَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ, (Msb,) or غُرْبَــةٌ (MA) [and app. غُرْبٌ, this last and غُرْبَــةٌ being syn. with تَــغَرُّبٌ and اِغْتِرَابٌ, and being like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ inf. ns. of قَرُبَ]; and بِنَفْسِهِ ↓ غَرَّبَ, (Mgh, * Msb,) inf. n. تَغْرِيبٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ أَــغْرَبَ, (Aboo-Nasr, S,) or this last signifies he entered upon الــغُرْبَــة [the state, or condition, of a stranger, &c.]. (Msb.) b3: And تــغرّب signifies also He came from the direction of the west. (K.) 8 اغترب: see 5. b2: Also He married to one not of his kindred. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., اِغْتَرِبُوا وَلَا تُضْوُوا (TA) [expl. in art. ضوى].10 إِسْتَــغْرَبَ see 4, in four places.

A2: استــغربــهُ He held it to be, or reckoned it, غَرِيب [i. e. strange, far from being intelligible, difficult to be understood, obscure; or extraordinary, unfamiliar, or unusual; and improbable]. (MA.) غَرْبٌ [an inf. n. of غَرَبَ, q. v., in several senses. b2: As a simple subst.,] Distance, or remoteness; and so ↓ غَرْبَــةٌ. (A, K.) النَّوَى ↓ غَرْبَــةُ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَــة] means The distance, or remoteness, of the place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, TA.) b3: [And hence, used as an epithet, Distant, or remote.] You say نَوًى غَرْبَــةٌ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَــةٌ] A distant, or remote, place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, A. *) And دَارُ فُلَانٍ

غَرْبَــةٌ The house, or abode, of such a one is distant, or remote. (TA.) And دَرَاهِمُ غَرْبَــةٌ Distant money [so that it is not easily attainable]. (TA.) and عَيْنٌ غَرْبَــةٌ A far-seeing eye: and إِنَّهُ لَــغَرْبُ العَيْنِ Verily he is far-seeing; and of a woman you say غَرْبَــةُ العَيْنِ. (TA.) A2: And الــغَرْبُ is syn. with

↓ المَــغْرِبُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which latter is also pronounced ↓ المَــغْرَبُ, with fet-h to the ر, but more commonly with kesr, (Msb,) or accord. to analogy it should be with fet-h, but usage has given it kesr, as in the case of المَشْرِقُ; (TA;) [both signify The west;] الــغَرْبُ is the contr. of الشَّرْقُ; (M, TA;) and ↓ المَــغْرِبُ [is the contr. of المَشْرِقُ, and] originally signifies the place [or point] of sunset, (TA,) as also الشَّمْسِ ↓ مَــغْرِبَــانُ; (K;) and is likewise used to signify the time of sunset; and also as an inf. n.: (TA:) and ↓ المَــغْرِبَــانِ signifies the two places [or points] where the sun sets; i. e. the furthest [or northernmost] place of sunset in summer [W. 26 degrees N. in Central Arabia] and the furthest [or southernmost] place of sunset in winter [W. 26 degrees S. in Central Arabia]: (T, TA:) between these two points are a hundred and eighty points, every one of which is called مَــغْرِبٌ; and so between the two points called المَشْرِقَانِ. (TA.) A3: غَرْبٌ signifies also The first part (S, K) of a thing (K) [and particularly] (assumed tropical:) of the run of a horse. (S.) b2: And The حَدّ [or edge] (S, K) of a thing, as also ↓ غُرَابٌ, (K,) or of a sword and of anything; (S;) and thus [particularly] the ↓ غُرَاب of the فَأْس [or adz, &c.]. (S, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Sharpness (S, A, Msb, TA) of a sword, (TA,) or of anything, such as the فَأْس [or adz, &c.], and of the knife, (Msb,) and (Msb, TA) (assumed tropical:) of the tongue: (S, A, Msb, TA:) and [as meaning (assumed tropical:) sharpness of temper or the like, passionateness, irritability, or vehemence,] of a man, (TA,) and of a horse, (S, TA,) and of youth: (A, TA:) [from the same word signifying the “ edge ” of a sword &c.: whence the saying, أَرْهِفْ غَرْبَ ذِهْنِكَ لَمَا أَقُولُ (mentioned in the A and TA in art. ارهف) meaning (tropical:) Sharpen the edge of thine intellect for what I say:] and ↓ غَرْبَــةٌ signifies the same. (TA.) And Vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, of men; syn. شَوْكَةٌ. (TA.) [And hence, app., (assumed tropical:) Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: and (assumed tropical:) perseverance in an affair: see the first paragraph.] b4: Also, [used as an epithet,] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, applied to a sword [and the like], and to a tongue. (TA.) And, applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) That runs much: (S, K:) or that casts himself forward, with uninterrupted running, not desisting until he has gone far with his ride. (TA.) A4: And A large دَلْو [or leathern bucket], (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) made of a bull's hide, (Mgh, TA,) with which one draws water on the [camel, or she-camel, called] سَانِيَة [q. v.]: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: pl. غُرُوبٌ. (TA.) So expl. in the following words of a trad.: أَخَذَ الدَّلْوَ عُمَرُ فَاسْتَحَالَتْ غَرْبًــا ['Omar took the دلو, and it became changed into a غرب]; i. e. when he took the دلو to draw water, it became large in his hand: for the conquests in his time were more than those in the time of Aboo-Bekr. (IAth, TA.) b2: And A [camel, or any beast, such as is called] رَاوِيَة, (K, TA,) upon which water is carried. (TA.) b3: And accord. to the K, A day of irrigation: but [this is app. a mistake: for] Az says that Lth has mentioned the phrase فِى يَوْمِ غَرْبٍ, meaning thereby in a day in which water is drawn with the [large bucket called] غَرْب, [ for irrigation,] on the [camel, or she-camel, called]

سَانِيَة. (TA.) A5: And Tears (K, TA) when they come forth from the eye: (TA:) or غُرُوبٌ signifies tears; (S;) and is pl. of غَرْبٌ. (TA.) A poet says, مَا لَكَ لَا تَذْكُرُ أُمَّ عَمْرِو

إِلَّا لِعَيْنَيْكَ غُرُوبٌ تَجْرِى

[What aileth thee, that thou dost not mention Umm-'Amr but thine eyes have tears flowing?]. (S, TA.) And it is said of Ibn-'Abbás, in a trad., كَانَ مِثَجًّا يَسِيلُ غَرْبًــا i. e. (tropical:) [He was an eloquent orator, flowing with] a copious and uninterrupted stream of knowledge, likened to غَرْب as meaning “ tears coming forth from the eye. ” (TA.) b2: and A flowing, (مَسِيلٌ, K,) or vehement flowing, (اِنْهِلَالٌ, A, K,) in one copy of the K اِنْهِمَالٌ [which means a flowing], (TA,) of tears from the eye: (A, K:) and a single flow (فَيْضَةٌ) of tears, and of wine. (K.) b3: And A certain vein, or duct, (عِرْقٌ,) in the channel of the tears, (S, Mgh,) or in the eye, (A, K,) that flows [with tears] uninterruptedly; (S, A, Msb, K;) like what is termed نَاسُورٌ. (S, Mgh.) One says of a person whose tears flow without intermission, بَعَيْنِهِ غَرْبٌ. (As, S, Mgh.) And [the pl.] الغُرُوبُ signifies The channels of the tears. (S.) b4: Also The inner angle of the eye, and the outer angle thereof. (S, A, K.) b5: And A tumour in the inner angles of the eyes; (Mgh, K;) as also ↓ غَرَبٌ. (Mgh.) b6: And A pustule (بَثْرَةٌ) in the eye, (K, TA,) which discharges blood, and the bleeding of which will not be stopped. (TA.) b7: And Abundance of saliva (K, TA) in the mouth; (TA;) and the moisture thereof, i. e., of saliva: (K:) pl. غُرُوبٌ. (TA.) And The place where the saliva collects and remains: (K, TA:) or the غَرْب in a tooth is the place where the saliva thereof collects and remains: (TA:) or غَرْبٌ, (TA,) or its pl. غُرُوبٌ, (S, TA,) signifies the sharpness, and مَآء

[meaning lustre], (S, TA,) of the tooth, (TA,) or of the teeth: (S, TA:) accord. to the T and M and Nh and L, غُرُوبُ الأَسْنَانِ signifies the places where the saliva of the teeth collects and remains: or, as some say, their extremities and sharpness and مَآء [which may here mean either water or lustre]: or the مَآء that runs upon the teeth: (TA:) or their مَآء, and shining whiteness: (A, TA:) or their fineness, or thinness, and sharpness: or غُرُوبٌ signifies the sharp, or serrated, edges of the fore teeth: it is also, as pl. of غَرْبٌ, expl. as signifying the مَآء of the فَم [by which may be meant either the water of the mouth or the lustre of the teeth, for الفَمُ properly signifies “ the mouth ” and metonymically “ the teeth ”], and the sharpness of the teeth: and accord. to MF, as on the authority of the Nh, [but SM expresses a doubt as to its correctness,] it is also applied to the teeth [themselves]. (TA.) [See also شَنَبٌ, in two places.]

A6: أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ غَرْبٍ and ↓ سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, and سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ and ↓ سَهْمٌ غَرَبٌ, (S, Msb, * K,) the second of which, i. e. ↓ سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, accord. to IKt, is the most approved, (MF,) mean An arrow of which the shooter was not known [struck him]: (S, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, سهم غَرْب signifies an arrow from an unknown quarter; سهم

↓ غَرَب, an arrow that is shot and that strikes another. (TA.) A7: And غَرْبٌ signifies also A certain tree of El-Hijáz, (K, TA,) green, (TA,) large, or thick, and thorny, (K, TA,) whence is made [or prepared] the كُحَيْل [i. e. tar] with which [mangy] camels are smeared: [or it is a coll. gen. n., for] its n. un. is with ة: so says ISd: كحيل is قَطِرَان, of the dial. of El-Hijáz: and he [app. ISd] says also, the أَبْهَل [q. v.] is the same as the غَرْب, because قطران is extracted from it. (TA.) Hence, as some say, (K, TA,) the trad., (TA,) لَا يَزَالُ أَهْلُ الــغَرْبِ ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى

الحَقِّ [The people of the غرب will not cease to be attainers of the truth, or of the true religion]: (K, TA:) or the meaning is, the people of Syria, because Syria is [a little to the] west of El-Hijáz: or the people of sharpness, and of vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess; i. e. the warriors against unbelievers: or the people of the bucket called غَرْب; i. e. the Arabs: or the people of the west; which meaning is considered by Iyád and others the most probable, because, in the relation of the trad. by Ed-Dárakutnee, the word in question is المَــغْرِب. (L, TA.) غُرْبٌ: see غُرْبَــةٌ.

غَرَبٌ Silver: or a [vessel such as is termed] جَام of silver; (S, K;) [i. e.] a [drinking-cup or bowl such as is termed] قَدَح of silver. (L, TA.) A poet says, فَدَعْدَعَا سُرَّةَ الرَّكَآءِ كَمَا دَعْدَعَ سَاقِى الأَعَاجِمِ الــغَرَبَــا cited in the S as being by El-Aashà but it is said in the L, IB says, this verse is by Lebeed, not by El-Aashà, describing two torrents meeting together; meaning, And they filled the middle of the valley of Er-Rehà, also, but less correctly, called Er-Rikà, like as the cup-bearer of the اعاجم [or foreigners] fills the silver قَدَح with wine: the verse of El-Aashà in which [it is said that] غَرَب occurs as meaning “ silver ” is, إِذَا انْكَبَّ أَزْهَرُ بَيْنَ السُّقَاةِ تَرَامَوْا بِهِ غَرَبًــا وَنُضَارَا i. e. When a white wine-jug is turned down so as to pour out its contents [among the cup-bearers], they hand it, i. e. the wine in the cups, one to another [while it resembles silver or gold]: (L, TA:) غَرَبًــا is here in the accus. case as a denotative of state, though signifying a substance: [and so نُضَارَا:] but it is said that غَرَبٌ and نُضَارٌ signify species of trees from which are made [drinkingcups or bowls such as are termed] أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]: and it is said in the T that نُضَارٌ signifies a species of trees from which are made yellow أَقْدَاح. (TA.) b2: [In explanation of the last of the applications of غَرَبٌ mentioned above, it is said that] it signifies also A species of trees (T, S, ISd, TA) from which are made white [drinking-cups or bowls of the kind termed] أَقْدَاح; (T, TA;) called in Pers\. إِسبِيدْ دَار [or إِسْپِيدَار]: (S:) [generally held to mean the willow; like the Hebr.

עֲרָבִים; or particularly the species called salix Babylonica: a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (ISd, TA.) [Avicenna (Ibn-Seenà), in book ii. p. 279, mentions a tree called غرب, but describes only the uses and supposed properties of its bark &c., particularizing its صَمْغ; whence it appears that he means the غَرْب, not the غَرَب.] b3: It also signifies A [vessel of the kind termed] قَدَح [perhaps such as is made from the species of trees above mentioned]: (K, TA:) and its pl. is أَغْرَابٌ. (TA.) b4: And Gold. (K.) b5: And Wine. (S, K.) b6: And The water that drops from the buckets between the well and the watering-trough or tank, (S, K,) and which soon alters in odour: (S:) or any water that pours from the buckets from about the mouth of the well to the wateringtrough or tank, and that soon alters in odour: or the water and mud that are around the well and the watering-trough or tank: (TA:) and (as some say, TA) the odour of water and mud: (K:) so called because it soon alters. (TA.) [Hence] one says, لا تــغرب, [thus in the TA, so that it may be ↓ لا تَــغْرُبْ or ↓ لا تُــغَرِّبْ or ↓ لا تُــغْرِبْ,] meaning Spill not thou the water between the well and the watering-trough or tank, so as to make mud. (TA.) A2: Also A certain disease in sheep or goats, (S, K,) like the سَعَف in the she-camel, in consequence of which the hair of the خُرْطُوم [i. e. nose, or fore part of the nose,] and that of the eyes fall off. (S.) b2: And [A colour such as is termed] زَرَق [q. v.] in the eye of a horse, (K, TA,) together with whiteness thereof. (TA.) b3: See also غَرْبٌ, latter half, in five places.

غُرُبٌ: see غَرِيبٌ.

غَرْبَــةٌ: see غَرْبٌ, former half, in three places.

غُرْبَــةٌ (S, K) and ↓ غُرْبٌ (K) [as simple substs. The state, or condition, of a stranger or foreigner: but originally both are, app., inf. ns. of غَرُبَ, like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ of قَرُبَ, signifying] the being far, or distant, from one's home, or native country; (K;) i. q. اِغْتِرَابٌ (S, K) and تَــغَرُّبٌ. (K.) A2: Also, the former, Pure, or unmixed, whiteness. (IAar, TA.) [See مُــغْرَبٌ.]

غَرْبِــىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the west, or place of sunset; western]: see غَارِبٌ. b2: [Also,] applied to trees (شَجَرٌ), Smitten, or affected, by the sun at the time of its setting. (K.) [Respecting the meaning of its fem. in the Kur xxiv. 35, see شَرْقِىٌّ.]

A2: And A sort of dates: (K:) but accord. to AHn, the word is غُرَابِىٌّ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And The [sort of] نَبِيذ that is termed فَضِيخ [i. e. a beverage made from crushed unripe dates without being put upon the fire]: (K, TA:) or [a beverage] prepared only from fresh ripe dates; the drinker of which ceases not to possess selfrestraint as long as the wind does not blow upon him; but if he goes forth into the air, and the wind blows upon him, his reason departs: wherefore one of its drinkers says, إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَرْبِــيُّكُمْ جَيِّدًا فَنَحْنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَبِالرِّيحِ

[If your gharbee be not excellent, we (put our trust) in God and in the wind]. (AHn, TA.) b3: And A certain red صِبْغ [i. e. dye, or perhaps sauce, or fluid seasoning]. (K.) غَرْبِــيبٌ One of the most excellent kinds of grapes; (K;) a sort of grapes growing at Et-Táïf, in-tensely black, of the most exceuent, and most delicate, and blackest, of grapes. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce عَجِيبَةٌ.] b2: Applied to an old man, Intensely black [app. in the hair]: or whose hair does not become white, or hoary: (TA:) or, so applied, who blackens his white, or hoary, hair with dye: (K, TA:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that God hates such an old man: pl. غَرَابِيبُ. (TA.) b3: أَسْوَدُ غِرْبِــيبٌ means Intensely black: but if you say غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ, you make the latter word a substitute for the former; because a word corroborative of one signifying a colour cannot precede; (S, K;) nor can the corroborative of any word: (Suh, MF:) or, accord. to Hr, غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ [in the Kur xxxv.

25], relating to mountains, means Streaks having black rocks. (TA.) غُرَابٌ A certain black bird, (TA,) well known; (K, TA;) [the corvus, or crow;] of which there are several species; [namely, the raven, carrioncrow, rook, jackdaw, jay, magpie, &c.:] and it was used as a proper name, which, as is said in a trad., he [i. e. Mohammad] changed, because the word implies the meaning of distance, and because it is the name of a foul bird: (TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is غِرْبَــانٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُرْبٌ (K) and (of pauc., S) أَــغْرِبَــةٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَــغْرُبٌ; (Msb, K;) and pl. pl. غَرَابِينُ. (K.) When the Arabs characterize a land as fertile, they say, وَقَعَ فِى أَرْضٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهَا (tropical:) [He lighted upon a land of which the crow will not be made to fly away; because of its abundant herbage: see also طَيَّرَ]: and وَجَدَ ثَمَرَةَ الغُرَابِ (assumed tropical:) [He found the fruit of the crow]; because that bird seeks after and chooses the most excellent of fruits. (TA.) They also say, طَارَ غُرَابُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The crow of such a one flew away], meaning the head of such a one became white, or hoary. (A, TA. [See also a similar phrase below.]) Also, فُلَانٌ أَبْصَرُ مِنْ غُرَابٍ [Such a one is more sharp-sighted than a crow]: and أَحْذَرُ [more cautious]: and أَزْهَى

[more proud]: and أَشْأَمُ [more inauspicious]: &c.: they say that this bird is more inauspicious than any other inauspicious thing upon the earth. (TA.) In the phrase ↓ غُرَابٌ غَارِبٌ, the epithet is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (TA.) غُرَابُ البَيْنِ has been expl. in art. بين. b2: الغُرَابُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) One of the southern constellations, [i. e. Corvus,] consisting of seven stars [in the enumeration of Ptolemy], behind البَاطِيَة [which is Crater], to the south of السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ [i. e. Spica Virginis]. (Kzw.) b3: أَــغْرِبَــةُ العَرَبِ is an appellation of (assumed tropical:) The blacks [lit. crows] of the Arabs; the black Arabs: (K, TA:) likened to the birds called اغربــة, in respect of their complexion: (TA:) in all of them the blackness was derived from their mothers. (MF, TA.) The أَــغْرِبَــة in the Time of Ignorance were 'Antarah and Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh (asserted to have been a Mukhadram, TA) and Aboo-'Omeyr Ibn-El- Hobáb and Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh (a famous runner, TA) and Hishám Ibn-'Okbeh-Ibn-AbeeMo'eyt; but this last was a Mukhadram: and those among the Islámees, 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Khá- zim and 'Omeyr Ibn-Abee-'Omeyr and Hemmám [in the CK Humám] Ibn-Mutarrif and Munteshir Ibn-Wahb and Matar Ibn-Abee-Owfà and Taäbbata-Sharrà and Esh-Shenfarà and Hájiz; to the last of whom is given no appellation of the kind called “ nisbeh,” (K, TA,) in relation to father, mother, tribe, or place. (TA.) b4: رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain herb, called in the language of the Barbar إِطْرِيلَال, (K, TA,) and in the present day زِرُّ الأَخِلَّةِ, (MF,) resembling the شِبِثّ [q. v., variously written in different copies of the K,] in its stem and in its جُمَّة [or node whence the flower grows] and in its lower part, or root, except that its flower is white, and it forms grains like those of the مَقْدُونِس [app. scandix cerefolium or apium petroselinum], (K, TA,) nearly: (TA:) a drachm of its seeds, bruised, and mixed with honey (K, TA) deprived of its froth, (TA,) is a tried medicine for eradicating [the species of leprosy which are called] the بَرَص and the بَهَق, being drunk; and sometimes is added to it a quarter of a drachm of عَاقِرْ قَرْحَا, (K, TA,) which is [commonly] known by the name of عود القرح [i. e. عُودُ القَرْحِ, both of these being names now applied to pyrethrum, i. e. pellitory of Spain, but the latter, accord. to Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. cxix.), applied in El-Yemen to the cacalia sonchifolia, or to a species of senecio]; (TA;) the patient sitting in a hot sun, with the diseased parts uncovered: (K, TA:) [see also رِجْلٌ: now applied to the chelidonium hybridum of Linn., chelidonium dodecandrum of Forsk.: (Delile's Floræ Ægypt. Illustr. no. 502:) in Bocthor's Dict. Français-Arabe, both the names of رجل الغراب and اطريلال are given to the plants called cerfeuil (or chervil) and corne de cerf (or buck'shorn plantain, also called coronopus).] b5: Also (i. e. رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ) A certain mode of binding the udder of a camel, (S, K,) tightly, (S,) so that the young one cannot suck; (K;) nor will it undo. (TA.) [Hence] one says, صُرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ, meaning (tropical:) The affair was, or became, difficult, or strait, to him: (A, * K:) or his life, or subsistence, was, or became, so. (TA.) [And in like manner one says also أَصَرَّ, accord. to the TA: but this I think doubtful; believing that أَصَرَّ is a mistranscription for صَرَّ, meaning that one says also صَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ i. e. He bound him with a bond not to be undone, or that would not undo; or he straitened him. See, again, رِجْلٌ; and a verse there cited as an ex.]

A2: الغُرَابَانِ signifies The two lower extremities of the two hips, or haunches, that are next to the upper parts of the thighs: (K, TA:) or the heads, and highest parts, of the hips, or haunches: (TA:) or two thin bones, lower than what is called the فَرَاشَة [or, app., فَرَاش, q. v.]: (K, TA:) or, in a horse and in a camel, the two extremities of the haunches, namely, their two edges, on the left and right, that are above the tail, at the junction of the head of the haunch, (As, S, TA,) where the upper parts of the haunch, on the right and left, meet: (TA:) or the two extremities of the haunch that are behind the قَطَاة [or fore part of the croup]: (IAar, TA:) pl. غِرْبَــانٌ: Dhu-r-Rummeh says, referring to camels, تَقَوَّبَ عَنْ غِرْبَــانِ أَوْرَاكِهَا الخَطْرُ meaning تَقَوَّبَتْ غِرْبَــانُهَا عَنِ الخَطْرِ [The prominences of their haunches were excoriated from the lashing with the tails], the phrase being inverted, for the meaning is known; (S in this art.;) or تَقَوَّبَ may be for قَوَّبَ [i. e. the saying means the lashing with the tails excoriated the prominences of the haunches]: (S in art. خطر:) or غِرْبَــانٌ signifies the haunches themselves, of camels: and is employed [by a synecdoche] to signify camels [themselves]: (IAar, TA:) and [the sing.] غُرَابٌ is also expl. as meaning the extremity of the haunch that is next the back. (L, TA.) b2: غُرَابٌ signifies also The whole of the back of the head. (K, TA.) You say, شَابَ غُرَابُهُ The hair of the whole of the back of his head became white, or hoary. (TA. [See a similar phrase above in this paragraph.]) b3: See also غُرْبٌ, former half, in two places.

A3: And A bunch of بَرِير [or fruit of the أَرَاك, q. v.]: (K:) or a black bunch thereof: pl. غِرْبَــانٌ: (TA:) or غِرْبَــانُ البَرِيرِ signifies the ripe fruit of the أَرَاك. (S.) A4: And Hail, and snow, (K, TA,) and hoar-frost: from مُــغْرَبٌ signifying the “ dawn; ” because of their whiteness. (TA.) غُرُوبٌ pl. of غَرْبٌ [q. v.]. b2: [Golius assigns to it the meaning of وِهَادٌ, which he renders “ Depressiores terræ; ” as on the authority of J: but I do not find this in the S.]

غَرِيبٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ غُرُبٌ (S, K) and ↓ غَرِيبِىٌّ (AA, TA) signify the same, (S, K, TA,) [A stranger, or foreigner;] one far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (Msb;) a man not of one's own people: (TA:) a man not of one's own kindred; an alien with respect to kindred; (S in explanation of the first;) pl. of the first غُرَبَــآءُ; (S, TA;) and غُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of غَرِيبٌ, like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ: (TA in art. زلف:) fem. of the first غَرِيبَةٌ; pl. غَرَائِبُ. (L, TA.) أَذَاعَتْ غَزْلَهَا فِى الغَرَائِبِ, a phrase used by a poet, means She distributed her thread among the strange women: for most of the women who spin for hire are strangers. (L, TA.) And one says وَجْهٌ كَمِرْآةِ الغَرِيبَةِ [A face like the mirror of her who is a stranger]: because, the غَرِيبَة being among such as are not her own people, her mirror is always polished; for she has none to give her a sincere opinion respecting her face. (A.) and لَأَضْرِبَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبَ غَرِيبَةِ الإِبِلِ (tropical:) [I will assuredly beat you with the beating of the strange one of the camels] is a saying of El-Hajjáj threatening the subjects of his government; meaning, as a strange camel, intruding among others when they come to water, is beaten and driven away. (IAth, TA.) And [hence] قِدْحٌ غَرِيبٌ means (assumed tropical:) [An arrow, without feathers or head,] such as is not of the same trees whereof are the rest of the arrows. (TA.) b2: غَرِيبٌ signifies also Language that is strange; [unusual, extraordinary, or unfamiliar;] far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; or obscure. (Msb, TA.) Hence, مُصَنَّفُ الغَرِيبِ [The composition on the subject of the strange kind of words &c.]. (A, TA.) [Hence also الغَرِيبَانِ The two classes of strange words &c., namely, those occurring in the Kur-án, and those of the Traditions.] And كَلِمَةٌ غَرِيبَةٌ A word, or an expression, that is [strange, &c., or] obscure: (A, TA:) غَرِيبَةٌ applied to a word [and often used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant] is opposed to فَصِيحَةٌ: and its pl. is غَرَائِبُ. (Mz 13th نوع.) b3: [And hence it often signifies Improbable.] b4: Applied to a trad., it means Traced up uninterruptedly to the Apostle of God, but related by only one person. of the تَابِعُونَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ التَّابِعِينَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ أَتْبَاعِ التَّابِعِينَ. (KT.) A2: [The fem.] غَرِيبَةٌ, in a verse of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, as some relate it, is expl. by Skr as meaning Black; syn. سَوْدَآءُ. (TA voce عَزِيزَةُ [q. v. It is perhaps used by poetic license for غِرْبِــيبَةٌ, fem. of غِرْبِــيبٌ.]) غَرِيبَةٌ fem. of غَرِيبٌ [q. v.] b2: [Hence, as a subst.,] الغَرِيبَةُ signifies (tropical:) The hand-mill: so called because the neighbours borrow it, (A, K, TA.) and thus it does not remain with its owners. (A, TA.) غُرَابِىٌّ A sort of dates. (AHn, K, TA. [See also غَرْبِــىٌّ.]) In some copies of the K, for تمر is put ثمر: the former is the right. (TA.) غَرِيبِىٌّ: see غَرِيبٌ.

غَارِبٌ [The western side of a mountain &c.]. You say, هٰذَا غَارِبُ الجَبَلِ and ↓ غَرْبِــيُّهُ [This is the western side of the mountain], and [in the opposite sense] هذا شَارِقُ الجَبَلِ and شَرْقِيُّهُ. (TA in art. شرق.) A2: Also The كَاهِل [or withers], (A, K, TA,) of the camel; (TA;) or the part between the hump and the neck; (S, A, Msb, K, TA;) upon which the leading-rope is thrown when the camel is sent to pasture where he will: (Msb:) pl. غَوَارِبُ. (Msb, K.) b2: Hence the saying, (S, &c.,) حَبْلُكِ عَلَى غَارِبِكِ [Thy rope is upon thy withers]; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) used (Msb, TA) by the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance (TA) in divorcing; (Msb, TA;) meaning (tropical:) I have left thy way free, or open, to thee; (TA;) go whithersoever thou wilt: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) originating from the fact of throwing a she-camel's leading-rope upon her withers, if it is upon her, when she pastures; for when she sees the leading-rope, nothing is productive of enjoyment to her. (As, S, TA.) b3: الغَارِبَانِ signifies The fore and kind parts of the back [and of the hump]: and بَعِيرٌ ذُو غَارِبَيْنِ, A camel whereof the part between the غاربان [or fore and kind parts] of the hump is cleft; which is mostly the case in the بَخَاتِىّ, whose sire is the فَالِج [or large twohumped camel of Es-Sind] and his dam Arabian. (TA.) b4: And غَارِبٌ signifies also The fore part of the hump: thus in the following saying, in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr: فَمَا زَالَ يَفْتِلُ فِى الذِّرْوَةِ وَالغَارِبِ حَتَّى أَجَابَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ إِلَى الخُرُوجِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [And he ceased not to twist the fur of] the upper part and the fore part of the hump [until 'Áïsheh gave him her consent to go forth]; meaning, he ceased not to practise guile with her, and to wheedle her, until she gave hun her consent: originating from the fact that, when a man desires to render a refractory camel tractable, and to attach to him the nose-rein, he passes his hand over him, and strokes his غارب, and twists its fur, until he has become familiar: (L, TA:) or غَارِبٌ signifies the upper portion of the fore part of the hump. (Lth, TA.) b5: Also (tropical:) The upper part of a wave: (Lth, TA:) غَوَارِبُ المَآءِ means (tropical:) the higher parts of the waves of water; (S, K, TA;) likened to the غوارب of camels: (S, TA:) or the higher parts of water. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The highest part of anything. (Msb, TA.) A3: See also غُرَابٌ, first quarter.

مَــغْرِبٌ and مَــغْرَبٌ: see غَرْبٌ, first quarter, in four. places. You say, لَقِيتُهُ مَــغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ (K, TA) and ↓ مَــغْرِبَــانَهَا (K, * TA) and مَــغْرِبَــانَاتِهَا (TA) and ↓ مُغَيْرِبَانَهَا (S, K) and مُغَيْرِبَانَاتِهَا (S, * K) I met, or found, him, or it, at sunset. (K, TA.) [It is said that] ↓ مُغَيْرِبَانٌ is a dim. formed from a word other than that which is its proper source of derivation; being as though formed from ↓ مَــغْرِبَــانٌ. (S, L. [Hence it seems that this last word as given above was unknown to, or not admitted by, the authors of these two works.]) b2: مَــغْرِبٌ signifies also Anything [meaning any place] that conceals, veils, or covers, one: pl. مَغَارِبُ, which is applied to the lucking-places of wild animals. (Az, TA.) مُــغْرَبٌ: see 4, latter half. b2: Also White; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to anything: or that of which every partis white; and this is the ugliest kind of whiteness. (K.) And White in the edges of the eyelids; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to anything: (S:) a camel of which the edges of the eyelids, and the iris of each eye, and the hair of the tail, and every part, are white: (IAar, TA:) and a horse of which the blaze upon his face extends beyond his eyes. (TA.) And عَيْنٌ مُــغْرَبَــةٌ An eye which is blue [or gray], and of which the edges of the lids, and the surrounding parts, are white: when the iris also is white, the ↓ إِغْرَاب is of the utmost degree. (TA.) b3: Also The dawn of day: (K, TA:) so called because of its whiteness. (TA.) عَنْقَآءُ مُــغْرِبٌ (A, K) and مُــغْرِبَــةٌ and مُــغْرِبٍ, and العَنقَآءُ المُــغْرِبُ, (K,) A certain bird, of which the name is known, but the body is unknown: (A, K:) or a certain great bird, that goes far in its flight or they are words having no meaning [except the meanings here following]. (A, L, K.) [See also art. عنق.] b2: Calamity, or misfortune. (K.) طَارَتْ بِهِ عَنْقَآءُ مُــغْرِبٌ means Calamity, or misfortune, carried him off, or away. (TA.) [See, again, art. عنق.] b3: And The summit of an [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة: (K:) or العَنْقَآءُ المُــغْرِبُ signifies the summit of an أَكَمَة on the highest part of a tall, or long, mountain so says Aboo-Málik, who denies that it means a bird. (TA.) b4: And [The people, or the woman,] that has gone far into a land, or country, so as not to be perceived nor seen: (K:) thus is expl. in the T العَنْقَآءُ المُــغْرِبُ, as transmitted from the Arabs, with the ة suppressed in like manner as it is in لِحْيَةٌ نَاصِلٌ meaning “ an intensely white beard. ” (TA.) مَــغْرِبَــانٌ; pl. مَــغْرِبَــانَاتٌ: see غَرْبٌ, first quarter: and see also مَــغْرِبٌ, in two places.

مَــغْرِبِــىٌّ and مَــغْرَبِــىٌّ, or, accord. to some, the former only, but the latter is now common, Of the west; western: now generally meaning of the part of Northern Africa west of Egypt or of North-Western Africa: as applied to a man, its pl. is مَغَارِبَةٌ.]

شَأْوٌ مُــغَرِّبٌ and مُــغَرَّبٌ [A term, or limit, &c.,] distant, or remote. (S.) b2: And خَيَرٌ مُــغَرِّبٌ Fresh, or recent, information, or news, from a foreign, or strange, land or country. (TA.) One says, هَلْ جَآءَكُمْ مُــغَرِّبَــةُ خَبَرٍ Has any information, or news, come to you from a foreign, or strange, land or country? (Yaakoob, S, TA:) and هَلْ مِنْ مُــغَرِّبَــةِ خَبَرٍ (A'Obeyd, A, Msb, TA) and مُــغَرَّبَــةِ خَبَرٍ (A'Obeyd, Msb, TA) Is there any information from a distant place? (A;) or any occasion of such information? (Msb;) or any new information from a distant land or country? or, accord. to Th, مــغرّبــة خبر means new, or recent, information. (TA.) [See an ex. voce جُنُبٌ: and see also مُقَرِّبٌ.] b3: المُــغَرِّبُــونَ, mentioned in a trad., (Hr, Nh, K, TA,) in which it is said, إِنَّ فِيكُمْ مُــغَرِّبِــينَ, (Hr, Nh, TA,) is expl. [app. by Mohammad] as meaning Those in whom the jinn [or demons] have a partnership, or share: so called because a foreign strain has entered into them, or because of their coming from a remote stock: (Hr, Nh, K, TA:) and by the jinn's having a partnership, or share, in them, is said to be meant their bidding them to commit adultery, or fornication, and making this to seem good to them; so that their children are unlawfully begotten: this expression being similar to one in the Kur xvii. 66. (Nh, TA.) b4: And مُــغَرِّبٌ signifies also One going, or who goes, to, or towards, the west. (S.) [See an ex. voce مُشَرِّقٌ.]

مُغَيْرِبَانٌ; pl. مُغَيْرِبَانَاتٌ: see مَــغْرِبٌ, in two places.

مُسْتَــغْرِبٌ: see 4, former half.

عنق

1 عَنِقَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَنَقٌ, He (a man, TK) was, or became, long in the neck. (TA, TK. [The verb in this sense is said in the TA to be like فَرِحَ: but in two instances in the same it is written عَنُقَ, with the same inf. n., and expl. as meaning He was, or became, long and thick in the neck.]) b2: [Golius has assigned to عَنَقَ (an unknown verb) two significations belonging to تعنّق.]2 عنّق عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَعْنِيقٌ, He went along and looked down upon it or came in sight of it; expl. by مَشَى وَأَشْرَفَ. (O, K.) b2: عنّقت السَّحَابَةُ The cloud emerged from the main aggregate of the clouds, and was seen white by reason of the sun's shining upon it. (TA.) b3: عنّقِت اسْتُهُ His posteriors, or his anus, protruded; syn. خَرَجَت. (O, K.) b4: عنّقت كَوَافِيرُ النَّخْلِ The spathes of the palm-trees became long, (O, K,) but had not split open. (O.) b5: عنّقت البُسْرَةُ The date that had begun to colour ripened nearly as far as the قِمَع [or base] thereof, (K, TA,) so that there remained of it around that part what was like the finger-ring. (TA.) A2: عنّقهُ He took him by his neck, and squeezed his throat, or fauces. (O, * L, K. *) It is related in a trad., that the Prophet said to Umm-Selemeh, when a sheep, or goat, of a neighbour of her's had come in and taken a cake of bread from beneath a jar belonging to her, and she had taken it from between its jaws, مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِى لَكِ أَنْ تُعَنِّقِيهَا i. e. [It did not behoove thee] that thou shouldst take hold of its neck and squeeze it: or the meaning is, that thou shouldst disappoint it; (O, K;) from عنّقهُ signifying he disappointed him; (K;) which is from العَنَاقُ: (O:) or, as some relate it, he said ان تُعَنِّكِيهَا, (O, K,) i. e., that thou shouldst distress it, and treat it roughly: (O:) and تُعَنِّفِيَهَا, with ف, would be approvable if agreeing with a relation. (O, K. *) And it is also related in a trad., that he said to the women of 'Othmán Ibn-Madh'oon, when he died, الشَّيْطَانِ ↓ اِبْكِينَ وَإِيَّاكُنَّ وَتَعَنُّقَ, if correct, [meaning Weep ye, but beware ye of the Devil's seizing by the neck, and squeezing the throat,] from عنّقهُ as first expl. above: but it is by some related otherwise, i. e. وَنَعِيقَ الشيطان. (L.) 3 عانقهُ, (S, TA,) and عَانَقْتُ المَرْأَةَ, (Msb,) inf. n. عِنَاقٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مُعَانَقَةٌ, He embraced him, putting his arms upon his neck, and drawing, or pressing, him to himself, (S, TA,) and I so embraced the woman, as also ↓ اعتنقتها; (Msb;) [and ↓ تعانقهُ, and ↓ تعنّقهُ: see the last of the verses cited voce بَيْنٌ, and the remarks thereon: but see also what here follows:] and ↓ تعانقنا We so embraced each other or one another: (Msb:) and ↓ تعانقا, and ↓ اعتنقا, [They so embraced each other,] both signifying the same; (S, O;) but (O) عانقا and ↓ تعانقا are said in a case of love, or affection, and ↓ اعتنقا is said in a case of war and the like; (O, * K;) or, accord. to Az, ↓ التَّعَانُقُ and ↓ الاِعْتِنَاقُ are both allowable in all cases: and [it is said that] when the act is predicated of one exclusively of the other, one says only عانقهُ, in both the cases above mentioned. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.4 اعنق الكَلْبَ He put the collar upon the neck of the dog. (S, O, K.) A2: اعنق, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْنَاقٌ, (Msb,) said of a horse [and the like], (S,) He went the pace termed عَنَق, (S, Msb,) i. e. a stretching pace, or a hastening and stretching pace, (S,) or a quick pace with wide steps. (Msb.) and He hastened; as also ↓ عانق. (TA.) اعنقوا إِلَيْهِ, meaning They hastened to him, or it, is from العَنَقُ signifying the pace thus termed. (Mgh.) In the phrase أَعْنَقَ لِيَمُوتَ, (Mgh,) occurring in a trad., (O,) the ل is used causatively: [i. e., the phrase signifies He hastened that he might die:] (Mgh:) [or] the meaning is, that the decree of death made him to hasten, and drove him on, to his place of slaughter. (O.) b2: اعنقت البِلَادُ The countries were, or became, distant, or remote; and so اعلقت. (TA, from the Nawádir el-Aaráb.) b3: اعنقت الثُّرَيَّا (tropical:) The ثريّا [or Pleiades] set. (O, K, TA.) and اعنقت النُّجُومُ (assumed tropical:) The stars advanced to the place of setting. (O.) b4: اعنق الزَّرْعُ (assumed tropical:) The corn became tall, and put forth its ears: (O, K, TA:) as though it became such as had a neck. (TA.) b5: اعنقت الرِّيحُ (tropical:) The wind raised the dust, or carried it away, and dispersed it. (O, K, TA. [See also 8.]) 5 تَعَنَّقَ see 2, last sentence: b2: and see also 3. b3: تعنّق said of the jerboa, It entered its hole called the عَانِقَآء; (O, K;) or so تعنّق العَانِقَآءَ, and تعنّق بِهَا: (TA:) and, said of the hare, it hid, or inserted, its head and its neck in its burrow [app. meaning in the burrow of a jerboa: but see عَانِقَآءُ]. (O, K.) 6 تَعَاْنَقَ see 3, in five places.8 إِعْتَنَقَ see 3, in four places. b2: [Hence, اِعتِنَاقُ السَّلَاسِلِ, a phrase well known as meaning The putting of chains upon one's (own) neck; occurring in the K voce رَهْبَانِيَّة. b3: And] اعتنقت الأَمْرَ I took to the affair with earnestness. (Msb.) b4: اعنتقت الدَّابَّةُ The beast fell in the mire, and put forth its neck. (TA.) A2: اعتنقت الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ [app. meaning, like اعنقت, (see 4, last signification,) (assumed tropical:) The wind raised the dust, or carried it away, and dispersed it,] is from العَنَقُ, i. e. “ the pace with wide steps ” thus termed. (TA.) عُنْقٌ: see عُنُقٌ, first sentence, in two places.

عَنَقٌ Length of the neck. (S, O, K. [See also 1.]) b2: Also A stretching pace, or a hastening and stretching pace, of the horse or the like, and of camels: (S, O, K, TA:) or a pace with wide steps: (Mgh:) or a certain quick pace, with wide steps: a subst. from أَعْنَقَ: (Msb:) and ↓ عَنِيقٌ signifies the same. (O, TA.) [See also نَصَبَ السَّيْرَ, and وَسَجَ.] A rájiz (Abu-n-Nejm, TA) says, يَا نَاقَ سِيرِى عَنَقًا فَسِيحَا

إِلىَ سُلَيْمَانَ فَتَسْتَرِيحَا [O she-camel (يَا نَاقَ being for يا نَاقَةُ) go a stretching-pace, &c., with wide steps, to Suleyman, that thou mayest find rest]. (S, O.) عُنَقٌ: see what next follows.

عُنُقٌ and ↓ عُنْقٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) the former of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and the latter of the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) the latter said by Sb to be a contraction of the former, (TA,) [which is the more common,] and ↓ عَنِيقٌ and ↓ عُنَقٌ, (K, [in which it is implied that these two have all the significations assigned by its author to عُنُقٌ and عُنْقٌ,]) but [SM says] none of the leading lexicologists has mentioned these two, in what I have seen, (TA,) [adding that he had found in the O العَنِيقُ as meaning العَنَقُ, which he supposes the author of the K to have thought to be العُنُقُ,] The neck; i. e. the part that forms a connection between the head and the body; (TA;) i. q. رَقَبَةٌ; (Msb;) or i. q. جِيدٌ: (K:) [but see these two words:] masc. and fem.; (S, O, K;) generally masc., (IB, Msb, * TA,) but in the dial. of El-Hijáz fem.; (Msb;) or, as some say, ↓ عُنْقٌ is masc., and عُنُقٌ is fem.: (TA:) the pl. (i. e. of the first and second, TA) is أَعْنَاقٌ, (Sb, S, O, Msb, K,) the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Hence,] عُنُقُ الحَيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) A star [a] in the neck of the constellation Serpens. (Kzw.) [And عُنُقُ الشُّجَاعِ (assumed tropical:) The star a in the hinder part of the neck of the constellation Hydra: also called الفرْدُ.] b3: عُنُقُ الرَّحِمِ [The neck of the womb;] the slender part of the رحم, towards the فرْج. (TA.) b4: عُنُقُ الكَرِشِ The lowest portion of the stomach of a ruminant; (AHát, O, K;) also called الِقبَةُ [q. v.]. (AHát, O.) b5: أَعْنَاقُ النَّخْلِ (assumed tropical:) [The trunks of palm-trees]. (S in art. قصر.) b6: مَدَّ لِلْحَبِّ أَعْنَاقَهُ, said of seedproduce [or corn], means (assumed tropical:) The internodal portions of its culms appeared. (TA voce أَحْنَقَ, q. v.) b7: أَعْنَاقُ الرِّيحِ (tropical:) What have risen of the dust that is raised by the wind. (O, K, TA.) [The phrase قد رأس اعناقُ الريح, mentioned by Freytag as from the K, is a strange mistake.] b8: يَخْرُجُ عُنُقٌ مِنَ النَّارِ, occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) A portion will issue from the fire [of Hell]. (TA.) b9: and خَرَجَ مِنَ النَّهْرِ عُنُقٌ (assumed tropical:) A current of water issued from the river, or rivulet. (ISh, TA.) b10: عُنُقُ الصَّيْفِ and الشِّتَآءِ The first part [of summer and of winter]: and in like manner عُنُقُ السِّنِّ [The first part of the age of a man as counted by years]: IAar says, I said to an Arab of the desert, كَمْ أَتَى عَلَيْكَ [How many years have passed over thee?] and he answered, أَخَذْتُ بِعُنُقِ السِّتِّينَ i. e. [I have entered upon] the first part of the ستّين [or sixtieth year]: and the pl. is أَعْنَاقٌ. (L, TA.) And كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى عُنُقِ الدَّهْرِ (O, K, TA) and الإِسْلَامِ (TA) means That was in the old [or early] period [of time] (O, K, TA) [and of El-Islám]. (TA.) b11: [And عُنُقٌ app. signifies (assumed tropical:) The upper portion of an elevated and elongated tract of sand, or the like: see the pl. أَعْنَاق in the last sentence of this art.] b12: الكَلَامُ يَأْخُذُ بَعْضُهُ بِأَعْنَاقِ بَعْضٍ and بِعُنُقِ بَعْضٍ are tropical phrases [app. meaning (tropical:) The speech, or language, is coherent, or compact]. (TA.) b13: هُمْ عُنُقٌ إِلَيْكَ means (assumed tropical:) They are inclining to thee; and expecting thee: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to Az, they have advanced towards thee with their company [agreeably with what next follows]. (TA.) b14: عُنُقٌ signifies also (tropical:) A company of men: (O, K, TA:) or a numerous company of men: or a preceding company of men: and is masc.: (TA:) and the heads, or chiefs, (O, K, TA,) of men; (O, TA;) and the great ones, and nobles. (TA.) فَظَلَّتْ أَعْنَاقُهُمْ لَهَا خَاضِعِينَ, in the Kur [xxvi. 3], is expl. as meaning (tropical:) And their great ones and their chiefs [shall continue submissive to it]: or their companies: the pret. is here used in the sense of the future: (O, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, their necks. (TA. [See also art. خضع.]) One says also, جَآءَ فِى عُنُقٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) He came in a company of men. (O.) And جَآء القَوْمُ عُنُقًا عُنُقًا (assumed tropical:) The people came in [successive] parties; as Az says, each, or every, company of them being termed عُنُق: or, as some say, gradually, party by party. (TA.) And هُمْ عُنُقٌ عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) They are a company, or party, combined against him. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., لَا يَزَالُ النَّاسُ مُخْتَلِفَةً أَعْنَاقُهُمْ فِى

طَلَبِ الدُّنْيَا i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Mankind will not cease to have] their companies [or parties diverse in the seeking of worldly good]: or, as some say, their heads, or chiefs, and great ones. (TA.) b15: Also (assumed tropical:) A portion of good; (IAar, O, TA;) من الخُبْزِ in the K being a mistake for من الخَيْرِ: (TA:) and of property: and of work, whether good or evil. (O.) One says, لِفُلَانٍ عُنُقٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ (assumed tropical:) To such a one pertains a portion of good. (IAar, O, TA.) And it is said in a trad., المُؤَذِّنُونَ أَطْوَلَ النَّاسِ أَعْنَاقًا يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ, (IAar, O, K, * TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [The proclaimers of the times of prayer will be] the most abundant of men in [good] works [on the day of resurrection]: (IAar, O, K, TA:) or the meaning is, chiefs; because the Arabs describe such as being long-necked: but it is also related otherwise, i. e., إِعْنَاقًا, with kesr to the hemzeh, meaning, [the most] hasting [of men] to Paradise: (O, K, TA:) and there are other explanations: (K, TA:) one is, that they shall be preceders to Paradise; from the saying لَهُ عُنُقٌ فِى الخَيْرِ he has precedence in that which is good: so says Th: another, that they shall be forgiven to the extent of the prolonging of their voice: another, that they shall be given an addition above other men: another, that they shall be in a state of happiness and sprightliness, raising the eyes and looking in expectation; for permission will have been given to them to enter Paradise: and other explanations may be found in the Fáïk and the Nh and the Expositions of Bkh. (TA.) A2: عُنُقٌ is also a pl. of the next word. (TA.) عَنَاقٌ A she-kid, (T, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) when a year old, (T, TA,) or not yet a year old: (IAth, Msb, TA:) and a lamb or kid, or such as is just born; syn. سَخْلَةٌ: (TA: [see مِعْنَاقٌ, last sentence:]) pl. (of pauc., TA) أَعْنُقٌ and (of mult., TA) عُنُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and also عُنُقٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) العُنُوقُ بَعْدَ النُّوقِ [The she-kids after the she-camels], (T, O, K, &c.,) meaning he has become a pastor of she-kids after having been a pastor of she-camels, (T,) is a prov., (T, O, K, &c.,) applied to him who has become lowered from a high station, (T,) or to a case of straitness after ampleness. (O, K.) b2: And العَنَاقُ, (S,) or عَنَاقُ الأَرْضِ, (T, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA, &c.,) [which latter is now applied to The badger; ursus meles; if correctly, app. because it burrows in the earth; but this application does not well agree with the following descriptions;] a certain beast, (O, Msb, K, TA,) of the beasts of the earth, like the فَهْد [or lynx], (S,) about the size of the dog, an animal of prey, (Msb,) that hunts, (O, Msb, TA,) smaller than the فَهْد, long in the back, (TA,) also called التُّفَهُ, (Msb, TA,) or, by some, النُّفَّةُ, (O, * Msb,) with teshdeed to the ف and with the fem. ة, (Msb,) and الفُنْجُلُ, (O, TA,) in Pers\. سِيَاه كُوش [or سِيَاه گُوش, i. e. “ black ear,” if meaning the badger, app. because of the black mark on each ear]; (Mgh, O, K, TA;) said by IAmb to be a foul beast, that is not eaten, and that does not eat anything but flesh; (Msb;) Az says, it is above the size of the Chinese dog, hunts like as does the فَهْد, eats flesh, and is of the beasts of prey; and is said to be the only beast that conceals its footmarks when it runs, except the hare; and he says also, “I have seen it in the desert (البَادِيَة), and it was black in the head, the rest of it being white: ” the pl. is عُنُوقٌ. (TA.) b3: العَنَاقُ is also the name of (assumed tropical:) The middle star ζ] of [the three stars called] بَنَات نَعْش الكُبْرَى [in the tail of Ursa Major]: (O, * K, * TA:) by it is a small star called السُّهَا, by looking at which persons try their powers of sight. (Kzw. [See also القَائِدُ, in art. قود.]) b4: [And the same, or عَنَاقُ الأَرْضِ, is the name of (assumed tropical:) The star g in what is figured by some as the right, and by others as the left, leg, or foot, of Andromeda.] b5: And عَنَاقٌ signifies also A calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K: [see also العَنْقَآءُ, voce أَعْنَقُ:]) and a hard affair or event or case: (K:) and one says, لَقِىَ مِنْهُ أُذُنَىْ عَنَاقٍ, (S, O, TA, *) and عَنَاقَ الأَرْضِ, (TA,) He experienced, from him, or it, calamity, or misfortune, and a hard affair &c. (S, O, TA. *) And جَآءَ بِأُذُنَىْ عَنَاقٍ means He uttered an exorbitant lie. (TA.) b6: Also Disappointment; (IAar, S, O, K;) and so ↓ عَنَاقَةٌ. (O, K.) Such is the meaning in the saying of a poet, أُبْتُمْ بِالعَنَاقِ [Ye returned with disappointment;]: (S, O, TA:) or the meaning is بالمُنْكَرِ [with that which was disapproved, or abominable, &c.]; agreeably with an explanation of العَنَاقُ by 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh. (TA.) b7: And A [stony tract such as is termed] حَرَّة. (TA.) b8: And The poor-rate of two years: so in the saying of Aboo-Bekr (K, TA) to 'Omar, when he contended in war with the apostates, (TA,) لَوْ مَنَعُونِى عَنَاقًا [If they refused me a poor-rate of two years]: but it is also otherwise related, i. e. عِقَالًا, meaning a poor-rate of a year. (K, TA.) عَنِيقٌ i. q. ↓ مُعَانِقٌ [Embracing by putting the arms around the neck of another]. (S, * O, K.) A poet says, وَبَاتَ خَيَالُ طَيْفِكِ لِى عَنِيقًا

إِلَى أَنْ حَيْعَلَ الدَّاعِى الفَلَاحَا [And the fancied image of thy form coming in sleep passed the night embracing my neck until the caller to the prayer of daybreak cried, Come to security (حَىَّ عَلَى الفَلَاحِ)]. (S, O.) b2: See also مِعْنَاقٌ: b3: and see عَنَقٌ: b4: and عُنُقٌ, first sentence.

ذوات العنيق [app. ذَوَاتُ العُنَيْقِ] A sort [app. a bad sort] of dates. (TA voce حُبَيْقٌ.) عَنَاقَةٌ: see عَنَاقٌ, last quarter.

يَوْمُ عَانِقٍ One of the days [or conflicts] of the Arabs, (O, TA,) well known. (K, TA.) عَانِقَآءُ One of the holes of the jerboa, (IAar, O, K,) which it fills with earth or dust, and in which, when it fears, it conceals itself to its neck: (IAar, O:) and likewise, of the hare [?]. (TA. [See 5.]) The holes of the jerboa are this and the نَاعِقَآء and the نَافِقَآء and the قَاصِعَآء and the رَاهِطَآء and the دَامَّآء. (El-Mufaddal, L.) أَعْنَقُ Long-necked; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعْنِقٌ applied to a man, and ↓ مُعْنِقَةٌ applied to a woman: (TA:) or أَعْنَقُ signifies long and thick in the neck: (TA:) fem. عَنْقَآءُ. (S.) b2: Applied to to a dog, Having a whiteness in his neck. (O, K.) b3: Also A certain stallion, of the horses of the Arabs, (O, K,) well known: (O:) whence بَنَاتُ أَعْنَقَ [The progeny of Aanak], (O, K,) certain fleet, or excellent, horses, (TA in art. بنى,) so called in relation to that stallion. (O, K.) And also said to be the name of A certain wealthy دِهْقَان [or headman, or chief, of a village or town; or proprietor thereof, in Khurásán and El-'Irák; &c.]: (O, K: *) whence بَنَاتُ أَعْنَقَ meaning The daughters of this Aanak: and it is said to have this or the former meaning in a verse of Ibn-Ahmar: (O, K:) accord. to As, certain women that were in the first age, described as being beautiful: accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás, certain women that were in El-Ahwáz; and mentioned by Jereer in satirizing El-Farezdak. (O.) b4: العَنْقَآءُ signifies also Calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K: [like العَنَاقُ:]) one says, حَلَّقَتْ بِهِ عَنْقَآءُ مُــغْرِبٌ [for مُــغْرِبَــةٌ, meaning A calamity carried him off or away; lit., soared with him]; and [in like manner] طَارَتْ بِهِ العَنْقَآءُ: (S, O:) [see also art. غرب:] and (K) originally, (S,) العَنْقَآءُ signifies a certain bird, of which the name is known, but the body is unknown: (S, O, K:) [or it is a fabulous bird:] AHát says, in the Book of Birds, العَنْقَآءُ المُــغْرِبَــةُ means calamity; and not any of the birds that we know: IDrd says, عَنْقَآءُ مُــغْرِبٌ is a phrase for which there is no foundation: it is said to mean a great bird that is not seen save [once] in ages; and by frequency of usage it became a name for calamity: (O:) it is also said to be called عنقآء because it has in its neck a whiteness like the neck-ring: Kr says that they assert it to be a bird that is found at the place of the setting of the sun: Zj, that it is a bird that no one has seen: some say that it is meant in the Kur cv. 3: and some, that it is the eagle: (TA:) it is called in Pers\. سِيمُرْغ: (MA:) and it is mentioned also in art. غرب [q. v.]. (K.) [See also my translation of the Thousand and One Nights, chap. xx. note 22.] b5: Also, i. e. العَنْقَآءُ, (K,) or عَنْقَآءُ, (O,) An [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة, above an overlooking mountain: (O, K:) or العَنْقَآءُ المُــغْرِبُ signifies the summit of an أَكَمَة on the highest part of a tall, or long, mountain: so says Aboo-Málik, who denies that it means a bird. (TA in art. غرب.) And عَنْقَآءُ applied to a [hill, or mountain, such as is termed]

هَضْبَة signifies High and long. (TA. [And a meaning similar to this seems to be indicated in the S and O. See, again, art. غرب.]) تُعْنُوقٌ, with damm, (K,) or تَعْنُوقٌ, (so in the O,) A plain, or soft, tract of land: pl. تَعَانِيقُ. (O, K.) مُعْنِقٌ; and its fem., with ة: see أَعْنَقُ, first sentence. b2: Also, the former, Hard and elevated land or ground, having around it such as is plain, or soft, (O, K, TA,) extending about a mile, and less: pl. مَعَانِيقُ: and they have imagined it to be termed ↓ مِعْنَاقٌ, [partly on account of this pl., and partly] because of the many instances like مُتْئِمٌ and مِتْآمٌ, and مُذْكِرٌ and مِذْكَارٌ. (TA.) b3: And مَرْبَأَةٌ مُعْنِقَةٌ A lofty place of observation. (O, K.) b4: See also مِعْنَاقٌ, in three places. b5: مُعْنِقٌ also occurs in a trad., applied as an epithet to a believer, meaning (assumed tropical:) One who hastens in his obedience, and takes a wide range in his work. (TA.) b6: And مُعْنِقَاتٌ, as applied by Dhu-r-Rummeh to [portions of sand such as are termed] أَدْعَاص [pl. of دِعْصٌ] means Lying in advance of others. (TA.) b7: See also the next paragraph.

مَعْنَقَةٌ A curved piece of rock. (O, K.) b2: and بَلَدٌ مَعْنَقَةٌ A country in which there is no abiding, by reason of the dryness and barrenness of the ground thereof: (O, K:) thus says Sgh: but in the Nawádir el-Aaráb it is said that ↓ بِلَادٌ مُعْنِقَةٌ means countries that are distant, or remote. (TA. [See also 4.]) مِعْنَقَةٌ A قِلَادَة [meaning collar], (T, S, O, K, TA,) accord. to ISd, that is put upon the neck of a dog. (TA.) b2: Also A small [elongated and elevated tract such as is termed] حَبْل (ISh, O, K, TA, [الجَبَلُ in the CK being a mistake for الحَبْلُ,]) of sand, (ISh, O,) in front of, or before, the [main portion of] sands: by rule it should be مِعْنَاقَةٌ, because they said in the pl. مَعَانِيقُ الرِّمَالِ: (ISh, O, K:) or one should say مَعَانِقُ الرَّمْلِ. (ISh, O.) b3: See also المُعَنَّقَةُ.

مِعْنقىّ, with kesr to the م, [app. مِعْنَقِىٌّ,] sing. of مَعَانِقُ applied to Certain horses (خُيُول) of the Arabs. (TA.) المُعَنَّقَةُ, (thus in the O,) or ↓ المُعَنِّقَةُ, like مُحَدِّثَة, thus in the copies of the K, but correctly with kesr to the م, [app. ↓ المِعْنَقَةُ,] pl. مَعَانِقُ, (TA,) A certain small creeping thing; (O, K, TA;) AHát says that المَعَانِقُ signifies [the small creeping things called] مُقَرِّضَاتُ الأَسَاقِى [that gnaw holes in the skins used for water or milk], having neck-rings (أَطْوَاق), [app. white marks round the neck, for it is added,] with a whiteness in their necks. (TA.) مُعَنِّقَاتٌ, applied to mountains (جِبَال) accord. to the copies of the K, [and thus in the O,] but correctly حِبَال, with the unpointed ح, (TA,) [i. e. elongated and elevated tracts of sand,] signifies Long. (O, K, TA.) b2: See also المُعَنَّقَةُ.

A2: المُعَنِّقَةُ as signifying Hectic fever (حُمَّى الدِّقِّ) is post-classical. (TA.) مِعْنَاقٌ, applied to a horse, signifies جَيِّدُ العَنَقِ [i. e. Excellent, or good, in the pace called عَنَق]; (S, O, K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, العُنُقِ;]) as also ↓ مُعْنِقٌ (TA) and ↓ عَنِيقٌ: (O, * TA:) and the first is also applied to a she-camel, as meaning that goes the pace called عَنَق: (IB, TA:) the pl. is مَعَانِيقُ. (K.) And one says also رَجُلٌ

↓ مُعْنِقٌ [and مِعنَاقٌ, meaning A man hastening]: and ↓ قَوْمٌ مُعْنِقُونَ and مَعَانِيقُ. (TA.) فَانْطَلَقْنَا مَعَانِيقَ إِلَى النَّاسِ occurs in a trad., meaning [and we went away] hastening [to the people]: (Sh, TA:) and in another, accord. to different relaters, ↓ فَانْطَلَقُوا مُعَانِقِينَ or مَعَانِيقَ i. e. [And they went away] hastening. (TA.) And مِعْنَاقُ الوَسِيقَةِ occurs in a verse of Abu-l-Muthellem El-Hudhalee, as some relate it, meaning Hastening after, or near after, his طَرِيدَة [app. as signifying the camels driven away by him]: but as others relate it, it is مِعْتَاق, with ت, meaning as expl. in art. عتق. (O. [The former is said in the S, in art. عتق, to be not allowable.]) A2: It is also applied to a ewe or goat (شَاةٌ مِنْ غَنَمٍ) as meaning That brings forth [app., accord. to analogy, that brings forth often] عُنُوق [meaning lambs or kids, pl. of عَنَاقٌ]. (TA.) A3: See also مُعْنِقٌ.

مُعَانِقٌ: see عَنِيقٌ: b2: and see also مِعْنَاقٌ.

مُعْتَنَقٌ A place where the أَعْنَاق [app. meaning upper portions] of the جِبَال [or mountains], accord. to the copies of the K, [and thus in the O,] but correctly حِبَال, with the unpointed خ, [i. e. elongated and elevated tracts of sand], (TA,) emerge from the سَرَاب [or mirage]: (O, K, TA:) used in this sense by Ru-beh. (O, TA.) Quasi عنقد عِنْقَادٌ and عُنْقُودٌ see in art. عقد; the ن being held to be augmentative.

عدن

1 عَدَنَ بِهِ, (Mgh, Msb, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and عَدُنَ, inf. n. عَدْنٌ and عُدُونٌ, (Msb, K,) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in it, (Mgh, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (Mgh, Msb,) or a country, or town. (K.) Whence, (Msb, K,) or from عَدَنَت said of camels as expl. in what follows, (S,) جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ, (S, Msb, K,) [applied to Paradise,] meaning Gardens of abode, (S, Msb,) or gardens of perpetual abode. (TA.) And عَدَنْتُ البَلَدَ means I took for myself the country, or town, as a home, or settled place of abode. (S.) b2: and عَدَنَتِ الإِبِلُ (S, Msb TA) بِمَكَانِ كَذَا, (S, TA,) aors. as above, (Msb, TA,) and so the inf. ns., (TA,) The camels kept to such a place, not quitting it: (S:) or remained, or stayed, (Msb, TA,) in such a place, in the pasturage, (TA,) or pasturing upon the [plants, or trees, called]

حَمْض: (Msb, TA:) or عَدَنْتِ الإِبِلُ فِى الحَمْضِ the camels found the حمض to be wholesome (اِسْتَمْرَتْهُ [for اِسْتَمْرَأَتْهُ]), and increased, or fattened, thereon, and kept thereto: (K, TA:) accord. to Az, the verb is used of camels only in relation to the حمض: or, as some say, it is in relation to anything: (TA:) and the epithet ↓ عَادِنٌ, (S, K,) without ة, (TA,) is applied to a she-camel of which this verb is used; (S, K;) and its pl. is عَوَادِنُ. (TA.) A2: عَدَنَ الأَرْضَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He dunged, or manured, the land; as also ↓ عَدَّنَهَا. (K.) b2: And عَدَنَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He marred the tree with an axe or the like. (K.) b3: عَدَنَ الحَجَرَ, (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He pulled out the stone (K, TA) with the فَأْس [meaning hoe]. (TA.) A3: See also Q. Q. 1.2 عدّن الأَرْضَ: see 1, near the end.

A2: Also, inf. n. تَعْدِينٌ, He smote the ground بِالْمِعْدَنِ, i. e. with the صَاقُور [or pickaxe], (K, TA,) to put it in a good state [app. for cultivation, by breaking it up]. (TA.) A3: عدّن الــغَرْبَ He added a piece, called عَدِينَة, in one side of the hide of which the غرب [or large leathern bucket] was made, to render it of full dimensions, it being [too] small. (ISh, TA.) [And probably, He added to the غَرْب an عَدِينَة (q. v.) of any kind.]

A4: And عدّن said of a drinker, He became full. (K.) Q. Q. 1 عَيْدَنَتِ النَّخْلَةُ, (K accord. to the TA, and so in the TA in art. عود, as on the authority of Az,) or ↓ عَدَنَت, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) The palm-tree became such as is termed عَيْدَانَة (K, TA) i. e. tall [&c., n. un. of عَيْدَانٌ, mentioned in art. عود]. (TA.) عَدَنِىٌّ of, or belonging to, [the place called]

عَدَن [in El-Yemen]: b2: hence, عَدَنِيَّاتٌ meaning Highly-prized garments: and an epithet applied to رِيَاط [pl. of رَيْطَةٌ] worn by young women, or girls: b3: and hence likewise عَدَنِىٌّ is an epithet applied to a man as meaning Generous in natural dispositions: (TA:) [or this may be from what next follows:] b4: عَدَنِىٌّ signifies also One who weaves [the garments called] الثِّيَاب العَدَنِيَّة in Neysáboor [app. from سِكَّةُ عَدْنَى, which, as is said in the TA, is in Neysáboor]. (TA.) عَدَانٌ A place of عُدُون [i. e. of remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding, of men in a place, or of camels in the pasturage &c.: see 1]. (TA.) b2: Also The shore of the sea: (S, K:) but in the phrase بِعَدَانِ السِّيفِ in a verse of Lebeed, it is said that he meant عَدَن [of El-Yemen], adding the ا by poetic license; or some other place: (S:) Sh says that is there means a place on the shore of the sea: and AHeyth related it with kesr to the ع. (TA.) And (K, TA) accord. to IAar (TA) it signifies The side of a river. (K, TA.) A2: And A period of seven years: one says, مَكَثُوا عَدَانًا [They tarried during a period of seven years], (K, TA,) and عَدَانَيْنِ i. e. fourteen years. (TA.) عَدَانَةٌ A company (AA, K, TA) of men: (AA, TA:) pl. عَدَانَاتٌ: (AA, K, TA:) or this latter signifies parties, or distinct bodies, of men: (S, TA:) and accord. to IAar رِجَالٌ عَدَانَاتٌ meansmen remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding. (TA.) A2: See also what next follows.

عَدِينَةٌ A piece, or patch, in the bottom, or lower part, of a leathern bucket; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَدَانَةٌ: (K:) or at the extremities of the loops of the [leathern water-bag called] مَزَادَة: (AA, TA:) or any piece that is added in the [large leathern bucket called] غَرْب, like the بَنِيقَة in the shirt: (ISh, TA:) pl. عَدَائِنُ. (S, K.) عِدَّانٌ, signifying A time, [as also عَدَّانٌ,] is said by some to be of the measure فِعْلَالٌ [a mistranscription for فِعَّالٌ] from عَدَنَ; but Fr held it to be more probably of the measure فِعْلَانٌ from العَدّ and العِدَاد, in the place of which [i. e. in art. عد] it has been mentioned. (TA.) عَدَوْدَنِىٌّ Swift; (K, TA;) applied to a camel: (TA:) or strong, robust, or hardy; (K, TA;) so applied: (TA:) or whose origin is referred to a certain stallion, (K, TA,) named عَدَوْدَن; (TA;) or to a certain land, (K, TA,) so named. (TA.) عَادِنٌ [act. part. n. of 1:] as an epithet applied to a she-camel; pl. عَوَادِنُ: see 1, latter half.

عَيْدَانٌ (S, K) meaning Tall palm-trees (S) [or the tallest of palm-trees &c. (see art. عود)] has been mentioned in the portion appropriated to words of which the last radical letter is د, (S, K,) as being of the measure فَعْلَانٌ: (TA:) or they are so called because of their long remaining; the word being of the measure فَيْعَالٌ from عَدَنَ بِالمَكَانِ: (Ham p. 712:) [it is a coll. gen. n. :] n. un. with ة, (S, O, K, all in art. عود.) مَعْدِنٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and accord. to some مَعْدَنٌ also, but this is not of established authority, (TA,) A mine; i. e. a place of the origination of the جَوَاهِر [meaning native ores] of gold and the like: (K:) the place of the origination of anything, (Lth, Msb, K, TA,) as of gold, and of silver, and of other things: (Lth, TA:) or the gold, and silver, [and any other metal or mineral, such as is of value,] created by God in the earth: (Mgh:) so called because the people thereof remain there (S, Mgh, Msb, K) always, (K,) summer and winter; (S, Mgh, Msb;) or because the native ore created therein by God has remained fixed in it; (Msb; [and the like is said in the Mgh and K;]) or, as some say, from عَدَنْتُ الحَجَرَ meaning “ I pulled out the stone: ” (Ham p. 81:) the pl. is مَعَادِنُ. (TA.) It signifies also A place of fixedness of anything. (S, TA.) And مَعَادِنُ signifies also Origins, or sources. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] هَجَرٌ مَعْدِنُ التَّمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Hejer is famous as the place of production of dates]. (S in art. بضع.) And [hence] one says, هُوَ مَعْدِنٌ لِلْخَيْرِ وَالكَرَمِ (tropical:) [He is a natural source of goodness and generosity], meaning that he was created with a disposition thereto. (TA.) [And هُمْ كِرَامُ المَعَادِنِ (assumed tropical:) They are generous in respect of their origins: see a verse cited voce إِنْ, p. 107.]

مِعْدَنٌ A صَاقُور [or pickaxe], (K, TA,) resembling a فَأْس. (TA.) غَرْبٌ مُعَدَّنٌ [A large leathern bucket] having a piece, or patch, called عَدِينَة, sewed upon its bottom, or lower part, (S, K,) in consequence of its having been rent in that part. (S. [See also 2.]) And خُفٌّ مُعَدَّنٌ A boot having a piece added at the end of the shank, so as to widen it. (TA.) مُعَدِّنٌ One who extracts the masses of stone from a mine, seeking to find in them gold and the like, (K, TA,) after having then broken them in pieces. (TA.) مَعْدِنِىٌّ, also pronounced مَعْدَنِىٌّ, Of, or belonging to, a mine; mineral; and metallic. b2: And A mineral; and a metal: pl. مَعْدَنِيَّاتٌ.]

ملح

1 مَلَحَتْ فُلَانَةٌ لِفُلَانٍ, (aor.

مَلَحَ and مَلُحَ, L,) (tropical:) Such a woman suckled, or gave suck, for such a one. (A, L.) b2: مَلَحْنَا لِفُلَانٍ, inf. n. مَلْحٌ, (S,) We [meaning the wife of one of us] suckled, or gave suck, for such a one: (As, L:) or we suckled such a one. (S.) b3: مَلَحَ الوَلَدَ [app. He caused the child to be suckled;] syn. with أَرْضَعَهُ. (K.) [See أَرْضَعَ.] b4: مَلُحَ; (L;) and ↓ ملّح, inf. n. تَمْلِيحٌ; and ↓ تملّح; (L, K;) the last said to be formed by transposition from تحلّم; but ISd, sees no reason for this assertion; (L;) (tropical:) He (a camel. L,) became fat. (L, K.) ↓ ملّحت she (a camel destined for slaughter) became fat: (El-Umawee, S:) or, became a little fat: (K:) She (a camel) became fat in a small degree. (L.) Also ↓ تملّحت (tropical:) They (lizards such as are called ضِبَاب) became fat; as also تحلّمت. (L.) A2: مَلُحَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. مُلُوحَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَلَاحَةٌ; (K;) this form of the verb is of the dial. of the people of El-'Áliyeh; (Msb;) and مَلَحَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُلُوحٌ; (S, Msb;) and مَلَحَ, aor. ـَ (IAar, K;) and ↓ املح, inf. n. إِمْلَاحٌ, of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (Msb;) It (water) was salt: (S, Msb, K:) or ↓ املح signifies it became salt, having been sweet. (K.) b2: مَلُحَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مَلَاحَةٌ (S, Msb) and مُلُوحَةٌ (S) and مِلْحٌ, the first of which is the most common, and the last the least common, (TA,) (tropical:) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, goodly, beautiful, or pretty; (S, Msb, K;) and beautiful of colour; or beautiful and bright; (Msb;) pleasing to the eye or ear; facetious. (The lexicons passim.) b3: مَلَحَ القِدْرَ, aor. ـَ and مَلِحَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مَلْحٌ, (S, Msb,) He put salt into the cooking-pot: (K:) or put a proper quantity of salt into it: (S, A, Msb:) and accord. to Sb, ↓ ملّح and ↓ املح signify the same as مَلَحَ: (ISd:) or مَلَّحَهَا, inf. n. تَمْلِيحٌ, and أَمْلَحَهَا, signify he put much salt into it, (S, Msb, K,) so that it [meaning its contents] became spoiled. (S, A.) b4: مَلَحَ, (S, K,) inf. n. مَلْحٌ; (S;) and ↓ ملّح, inf. n. تَمْليحٌ; (TA;) He fed camels or sheep or goats with salt earth, (S, K,) or with earth and salt, the salt being more in quantity. (TA.) This is done when the animals cannot procure plants of the kind called حَمْض. (S.) b5: مَلَحَ, aor. ـَ and مَلِحَ, (K,) inf. n. مَلْحٌ; and ↓ ملّح; He salted fish. (K.) b6: مَلَحَ; aor. ـَ inf. n. مَلْحٌ, He salted flesh-meat, and a skin, or hide. (L.) b7: Also ↓ ملّحهُ, inf. n. تَمْلِيحٌ, He rubbed his (a camel's, or sheep's, or goat's,) palate with salt. (TA.) b8: مَلِحَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَلَحٌ, (tropical:) He, or it, (a man, &c.,) was blue, or gray, [see مُلْحَةٌ,] in such a degree as to incline to whiteness; (Msb;) as also ↓ إِمْلَحَّ, inf. n. إِمْلِحَاحٌ; and ↓ أَمْلَحَ. (TA.) b9: Also, (tropical:) He was black, with whiteness overspreading his hair: or, of a dusty white colour: or, of a clear white colour: (Msb:) [and in like manner,] ↓ إِمْلَحَّ, inf. n. إِمْلِحَاحٌ, he (a ram) was of a white colour intermixed with black. (S, K.) A3: مَلِحَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَلَحٌ, He (a horse) had the kind of swelling called مَلَحٌ. (TA.) 2 مَلَّحَ See 1, in six places. b2: ملّح (tropical:) He (a poet) produced, or said, something goodly, beautiful, pretty, [or facetious]: (S, K:) and ↓ املح he produced, or said, a goodly, beautiful, or pretty, [or a facetious,] word, or saying, or speech. (Lth.) 3 مَالَحْتُ فُلَانًا, (A,) inf. n. مُمَالَحَةٌ, (S, A, K,) (tropical:) I ate with such a one. (S, A, K.) Abu-l-Kásim Er-Zejjájee disapproves of this, saying that a verb of this form is only derived from an inf. n., as in the cases of ضَارَبَ and قَاتَلَ; whereas this is derived from مِلْحٌ, a subst. [But his objection seems to me invalid: this may be an anomalous instance, and yet of classical authority, like many others.] b2: مَالَحَهُ, inf. n. مُمَالَحَةٌ and مِلَاحٌ, (tropical:) He was, or became, his foster-brother. (L, TA.) [المِلَاحُ is explained in the K by المُرَاضَعَةُ: Lth explaines it by الرَّضَاعُ, as is mentioned in the TA: المُمَالَحَةُ is explained in the A, Mgh, L, and other lexicons by المُرَاضَعَةُ: in the copies of the K in my hands, by الرَّضَاعُ; and so in one copy of the S: in another copy of the S written الرِّضَاعُ; and in another الرّضَاع, without any vowel to the ر: الرضَاعُ, syn. with المُرَاضَعَةُ, is evidently the right reading.] Abu-l-Kásim Er-Zejjájee disapproves of the verb used as signifying the act of two men's sucking each other; [but this is not what is meant by المراضعة;] and pronounces it a post-classical word. (TA.) Yousay بَيْنَهُمَا حُرْمَةُ المُمَالَحَةِ Between them two is the sacred or inviolable bond, or obligation, which is the consequence of their being fosterbrothers. (A.) 4 أَمْلَحَ See 1, in four places, and 2. b2: املح القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people possessed milk; (tropical:) the people had fat camels or other beasts. (L.) b3: املح (tropical:) He (a camel) carried fat; (L;) [meaning was fat]. املح القِدْرَ (tropical:) He put some fat [which is termed مِلْح] into the cookingpot. (AA.) A2: املح الإِبِلَ He gave the camels salt water to drink. (K.) b2: املحت الإِبِلُ The camels came to salt water to drink. (S.) b3: مَا أَمَيْلِحَ زَيْدًا (tropical:) [How very goodly, or beautiful, or pretty, is Zeyd! a diminutive form, meant to denote the contrary of the sense of a dim., being what is termed تَصْغِيرُ تَعْظِيمٍ, from مَا أَمْلَحَهُ:] (T, S, K:) the verb is here put into the dim. form, being meant to be used as an epithet, as though they said مُلَيْحٌ: (T:) it is the only instance of a verb put into this form, except مَا أُحَيْسِنَهُ, (S, K,) and, as some say, مَا أُحَيْلَاهُ. (TA.) This is said accord. to the doctrine of the Basrees, who assert the افعل of wonder to be a verb: but as to the Koofees, who say that it is a noun, [meaning an epithet,] they allow the formation of the dim. from it without restriction; and from its admitting the dim. form, they argue that it is a noun. (MF.) b4: مَا أَمْلَحَ وَجْهَهُ, and فِعْلَهُ, (tropical:) How goodly, beautiful, or pretty, is his face! and how good is his action! (A.) b5: أَمْلِحْنِى بِنَفَسِكَ (tropical:) Grace me, or recommend me, (زَيِّنِّى,) [by thy speech]. (T, L.) 5 تَمَلَّحَ See 1, in two places. b2: فُلَانٌ يَتَظَرَّفُ وَيَتَمَلَّحُ (tropical:) [Such a one affects to be clever, or graceful, and to be goodly, beautiful, pretty, or facetious]. (A.) 9 إِمْلَحَّ See 1, in two places.10 استملحهُ (assumed tropical:) He esteemed him, or it, goodly, beautiful, or pretty; (S, K;) [pleasing to the eye or ear: (the lexicons passim:)] or found him, or it, to be so (TA.) مَلْحٌ: see مِلْحٌ.

مِلْحٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مَلْحٌ (M) (tropical:) The act of sucking the mother or any nurse; syn. رَضَاعٌ; (S, M, K;) a child's sucking its mother. (Abu-l- Kásim Ez-Zejjájee.) b2: مِلْحٌ (tropical:) Milk. (IAar.) The following verse of Abu-t-Tamahán, who had some camels, of the milk whereof he gave to drink to a people that afterwards made an attack upon them, and took them, is cited by As, [app., accord. to the S, as an ex. of ملح in the sense of رَضَاع; but as MF observes, it may be taken as an ex. of that word in the sense of milk;] وِإِنِّى لَأَرْجُو مِلْحَهَا فِى بُطُونِكُمْ وَمَا بَسَطَتْ مِنْ جِلدِ أَشْعَثَ أَغْبَرَا (S, L.) The poet says, Verily I hope that ye may regard (أَنْ تَرْعَوْا [which is understood]) the milk which ye have drank, of these camels, [lit., their milk in your bellies,] and the skins which they have expanded, of a people with matted and dusty hair, and of a dusty hue; as though their skins had dried up, and they had fattened upon them. [Another explanation will be noticed below.] IB says, that the last word should be read أَغْبَرِ, for the sake of the rhyme; for each verse of the poem to which it belongs ends with kesreh. (L.) A2: مِلْحٌ a thing well known, (S, K,) [Salt;] that with which food is made pleasant: (L:) of the fem. gender (Z) generally; (O;) sometimes masc.: (K:) pl. مِلَاحٌ. (Msb.) Dim.

مُلَيْحَةٌ. (Msb.) b2: مَآءٌ مِلْحٌ, (S, K, &c.,) originally ↓ مَلِحْ, from the verb مَلُحَ, like خَشِنٌ from خَشُنَ, contracted because of the frequency of its usage; (Msb;) and ↓ ماء مَلِيحٌ, (K,) and ↓ مَالِحٌ; (IAar, ADk, Az;) [respecting which last, see what will be found after the explanation;] Salt water. (S, K, &c.) J says, that مَاء مالح is not allowable, except in a bad dial.: but Az says, that, though rarely found in the language of the Arabs, it is not to be rejected; and IB says, that it occurs in verses of chaste poets; and may be considered as used after the manner of a rel. n., [meaning ذُو مِلْحٍ,] like رَجُلٌ تَارِسٌ, i. e. ذُو تُرْسٍ, and دَارِعٌ, i. e. ذُو دِرْعٍ: (TA:) it is a chaste word, of the dial. of El-Hijáz, but extr., being from أَمْلَحَ المَآءُ, like as you say بَاقِلٌ from أَبْقَلَ المَوْضِعُ; and when it is said that it is rare, it is meant that it is not agreeable with its verb, not that it is rare with respect to usage, seeing that it is of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, who selected the most chaste words of the various dialects: or it is regularly formed from مَلَحَ المَأءُ, a form of the verb sometimes used. (Msb.) The pl. of مِلْحٌ is مِلْحَةٌ and مِلَاحٌ and مِلَحٌ: (L, K:) and sometimes is said أَمْوَاهٌ مِلْحٌ salt waters; and رَكِيَّةٌ مِلْحَةٌ a salt well. (L.) b3: مِلَاحٌ Salt waters. (T, K.) ↓ قَلِيبٌ مَليِحٌ A well of salt water: (S, K:) pl. أَقْلِبَةٌ مِلَاحٌ, occurring in a verse of 'Antarah. (S.) b4: مِلْحٌ (assumed tropical:) Knowledge; science; learning; syn. عِلْمٌ. (IKh, Kz, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Men of science; learned men; syn. عُلَمَآءُ. (IKh, Kz, K.) b6: (tropical:) Goodliness, or beauty. (K.) [Accord. to the TA, it is an inf. n.: see مَلُحَ.] b7: (tropical:) Fat, as a subst. (Sh, K.) b8: (tropical:) Fatness: (K:) or a small degree of fatness. (TA.) b9: مِلْحٌ and ↓ مِلْحَةٌ (tropical:) A sacred or inviolable bond, or the like, or any compact, bond, or obligation, which one is under an obligation to respect, or honour, or the cancelling or breaking of which renders one obnoxious to blame; syn. حُرْمَةٌ and ذِمَامٌ; and a compact, or confederacy; syn. حِلْفٌ. (K.) In some copies of the K, for حِلْفٌ is put حَلفٌ. (TA.) b10: Accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, this is the signification of the former word in the verse of Abu-t-Tamahán cited above, and the poet means, I hope that God may punish you for your perfidious violation of the sacred obligation to their owner, which they imposed upon you. Yousay بَيْنَ فُلَانٍ وَفُلَانٍ مِلْحٌ, and ↓ مِلْحَةٌ, There is a sacred or inviolable bond, &c., between such a one and such a one. [This meaning is derived from مِلْحٌ as signifying “ salt; ” the eating of which with another imposes upon the two parties a sacred mutual obligation.] The Arabs, says Abu-l-'Abbás, pay a high respect to salt and fire and ashes. (L.) [You say,] مِلْحُهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتِهِ, so in the copies of the K, but correctly على رُكْبَتَيْهِ, as in all the other lexicons, (TA,) (tropical:) [lit., His salt is upon his knees;] meaning he has no good faith, so as to fulfil his promises, or engagements: (K:) or he has little good faith, so as to fulfil his promises, &c., for the Arabs swear by salt, and by water, because of their respect for them: (IAar:) or he violates the obligation imposed by such, the smallest thing making him forget it, like as the least thing scatters salt if a person puts it upon his knees: (T:) or he is fat: (K:) As says, that in the following verse, لَا تَلُمْهَا إِنَّهَا مِنْ نِسْوَةٍ

مِلْحُهَا مَوْضُوعَةٌ فَوْقَ الرُّكَبْ [Blame her not; for she is of women whose fat is placed above the knees;] the woman meant was of the people called Ez-Zenj, whose fat is in their thighs, and ملحها signifies their fat: (TA:) or he is sharp in his anger: (K:) or he is of evil disposition, rendered angry by the least thing; like as salt upon the knee is scattered by the least thing: (T:) or he is frequently engaged in altercation; as though his knees were much wounded by his long kneeling in altercation, and by his long striking his knees against those of another, and he therefore put salt upon them to cure them. (A.) [See also رُكْبَةٌ.]

A3: نَبْتٌ مِلْحٌ, and ↓ مَالِحٌ, A plant of the kind called حَمْضٌ. (ISk, S.) مَلَحٌ: see مُلْحَةٌ. b2: A certain disease and fault in the kind leg of a beast of carriage; (TA;) a swelling in the hock, or hock-tendon, (عُرْقُوب,) of a horse; (S, K;) less than what is called جَرَذٌ; which is a name given to it when it has become violent. (S.) مَلِحٌ: see مِلْحٌ.

مَلْحَةٌ (tropical:) A single feed taken by a child from the breast. مَلْجَةٌ, with ج, signifies a single suck. (TA.) A2: مَلْحَةٌ The main body of the sea; or the fathomless deep of the sea; or a great expanse of sea of which the extremities cannot be seen. (K.) مُلْحَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَلَحٌ (K) (tropical:) A white colour intermixed with black: (S, K:) whiteness overspreading blackness in the human hair, and in anything: or a dusty white colour: or a clear white colour: or whiteness inclining to any kind of redness; like the colour of the antelope. (L.) [See also أَمْلَحُ.] b2: Also, مُلْحَةٌ (tropical:) The utmost degree of blueness or grayness, [app. meaning the latter, from مِلْحٌ as signifying “ salt,” as salt in the state in which it is commonly used in Arabia is of a pale gray colour,] أَشَدُّ الزَّرقِ: (K:) or blueness, or grayness, (زُرْقَة,) of such a degree as to incline to whiteness. (S.) [See أَمْلَحُ.] b3: مُلْحَةٌ (tropical:) A goodly, beautiful, pretty, or facetious, story, or narrative, and word, or saying, or speech; a bon-mot; (L;) وَاحِدَةُ المُلَحِ مِنَ الأَحَادِيثِ; (S, K;) [what is deemed beautiful, elegant, facetious, or the like, of stories, &c.: (Ibr D:) and so ↓ أُمْلُوحَةٌ, coupled with أُفْكُوهَةٌ in art. فكه in the TA:] also said to signify a bad, an abominable, or a foul, word, saying, or speech; a meaning taken from a trad. of 'Áïsheh, who applied this term [perhaps ironically] to a bad answer which she had given in consequence of her having misunderstood a question put to her: (L:) pl. مُلَحٌ. (S, K.) As said نِلْتُ بِالمُلَحِ [I have attained to the station, or rank, to which I have attained by means of goodly, or facetious, sayings, &c.] (S.) حَدَّثْتُهُ بِالمُلَحِ (tropical:) [I related to him goodly, beautiful, pretty, or facetious, stories.] (A.) b4: [A curiosity, an extraordinary thing.]

مِلْحَةٌ: see مِلْحٌ.

مَلْحَانُ: see مِلْحَانُ. b2: [A sucker: see مَصَّانٌ in art. مص.]

مِلْحَانُ, (S, K,) sometimes written ↓ مَلْحَانُ, (TA, art. شيب, voce شِيبَانُ,) [written in both these ways in a copy of the S in my hands,] (tropical:) A name given to one of the winter-months, because of the whiteness of its snow: (S:) the month called Jumáda-l-Ákhireh, جُمَادَى الآخِرَةٌ, (K,) [in the old Arabian calendar;] because of its whiteness; Jumáda-l-Oolà, جُمَادَى الأُولَى, being called شِيبَانُ: or this was a name of Kánoon el-Owwal, كَانُونُ الأَوَّلُ; (TA;) and مِلْحَانُ was Kánoon eth-Thánee, كَانُونُ الثَّانِى: (K, TA:) [but see شِيبَانُ:] or شِيبَانُ and مِلْحَانُ were names applied to the days when the earth was white with hoar-frost, or rime. ('Amr Ibn-Abee-'Amr, Az.) مُلَاحٌ: see مَلِيحٌ.

مَلِيحٌ and ↓ مُلَاحٌ and ↓ مُلَّاحٌ, (S, K,) but the last signifies more than the first, (T, S,) (tropical:) Goodly; beautiful; pretty; (S, Msb, K;) and beautiful of colour; or beautiful and bright; (Msb;) pleasing to the eye or ear; facetious: (the lexicons passim:) fem. of the first with ة: (Msb:) pl. of the same, مِلَاحٌ and أَمْلَاحٌ; (AA, S, K;) and of مُلَاحٌ, مُلَاحُونَ; and of مُلَّاحٌ, مُلَّاحُونَ. (K.) b2: See مِلْحٌ. b3: [Facetious speech.] b4: One in whose counsel, or advice, one seeks a remedy; acc. to AA: hence the phrase قريش ملح الناس: acc. to some, one with whom one finds, or esteems, it pleasant to sit and converse. (IB, in TA, voce نِقَابٌ.) b5: أَبُو المَلِيحِ [the bird Sifrid]: see صِفْرِدٌ.

مِلَاحَةٌ and ↓ مَلَّاحِيَّةٌ: see مَلَّاحٌ.

مُلَاحِىٌّ, sometimes written مُلَّاحِىٌّ, (S, K,) occurring in poetry written in the latter manner, (S,) A kind of white, long-shaped, grape: (S, K:) so called from [the colour termed] المُلْحَة; (S;) or from the [plant called] مُلَّاح, because of its taste. (AHn.) b2: Also, A kind of fig, (K,) small, of the colour termed أَمْلَح, very sweet, and which is dried. (TA.) b3: Also, A species of the tree called أَرَاك in which is whiteness and redness and the colour termed شُهْبَة. (AHn, K.) مَلَّاحٌ A seller of salt: or a possessor of salt: (IAar, K:) as also ↓ مُتَمَلِّحٌ: (K:) which also signifies one who provides himself with salt for travelling-provision: or a trader in salt. (TA.) b2: مَلَّاحٌ A sailor; a shipman; a seaman, or mariner: (T, S, K:) so called because constantly upon the salt water. (T.) b3: Also, One who constantly attends to a river (نَهْر; in some copies of the K, بَحْر; TA) to put its mouth into a right or proper state. (K.) b4: His occupation is called ↓ مِلَاحَةٌ and ↓ مَلَّاحِيَّةٌ. (K.) مُلَّاحٌ: see مَلِيحٌ. b2: [A coll. gen. n.] A certain plant, (S, K,) of the kind called حَمْضٌ; (Lth, T, S;) a leguminous garden-plant; n. un. with ة; it is a tender plant, with a salt flavour, growing in smooth, or soft, and depressed, tracts of land: (T:) a herb of the kind called حَمْض, having twigs and leaves, growing in tracts such as are called قِفَاف, of a salt flavour, wholesome to camels and sheep: (M:) a plant like the قُلَّام, in which is a red hue, eaten with milk, bearing grain which is collected like as is that of the فَثّ, and made into bread, and eaten: so says AHn, and he adds, I think that it is thus called because of its colour; not because of its taste: and in another place he says, that the مُلَّاح is the raceme of the كَبَاث of the أَرَاك; thus called because of its taste, which is hot, as though containing salt. (M.) [Suœda baccata. Forsk., Flor., 69. (Freytag.)]

مَلَّاحَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَمْلَحَةٌ (K) A place where salt is generated. (S, K.) مَلَّاحِيَّةٌ: see مَلَّاحٌ.

مَالِحٌ: see مِلْحٌ and مَمْلُوحٌ.

أَمْلَحُ (tropical:) A ram, (S, K,) and a he-goat, (S,) of a white colour intermixed with black: (S, K:) any hair, and wool, and the like, in which are whiteness and blackness: (TA:) that in which are whiteness and blackness, the former colour predominating: (Az, Ks and others:) or of a dusty white colour: or of a clear white colour: (Msb:) fem. مَلْحَآءُ; applied to a ewe of a white colour intermixed with black: (K:) or black, with its hair pervaded by whiteness. (TA.) Aboo-Dhubyán Ibn-Er-Raabal employs املح as one of four epithets which he applies to those old men most hateful to him. (S.) b2: Also, (tropical:) Blue, or gray, [see مُلْحَةٌ,] in such a degree as to incline to whiteness; an epithet applied to a man, &c. (Msb) أَمْلَحٌ العَيْنِ Having the eye of that colour. (S.) b3: Hence, كَتِيبَةٌ مَلْحَآءُ [meaning (tropical:) An army, or a troop of horse, appearing of a white and black, or gray, hue, by reason of their glittering weapons; see also كتيبة شَهْبَآءُ]: (S:) or one that is white and great: (TA:) or, great. (K.) b4: أَمْلَحُ (assumed tropical:) Dew that falls in the night upon leguminous plants: so called because of its whiteness. (L.) Er-Rá'ee says, describing some camels, أَقَامَتْ بِهِ حَدَّ الرَّبِيعِ وَجَارُهَا

أَخُو سَلْوَةٍ مَسَّى بِهِ اللَّيْلُ أَمْلَحُ meaning [by املح] dew: [They remained in it during the period of the season called الربيع, and their preserver from thirst was attended by comfort, being dew brought by the night]: he says, they remained in that place during the days of the season called الربيع, and while the dew lasted, so that he was (فَهُوَ [but this appears to be a mistake for فَهِىَ, “so that they were,”]) in a comfortable state of life: and he says مسّى به because the dew falls in the night: (S, L:) by جارها he means the night-dew which preserved them from thirst. (L.) b5: المَلْحَآءُ was also the name of a particular troop belonging to the family of ElMundhir, (S, K,) of the Kings of Syria, who had another called الشَّهْبَآءُ. (TA.) b6: نَمِرَةٌ مَلْحَآءُ A بُرْدَة with black and white stripes. (L.) شَجَرَةٌ مَلْحَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A tree of which the leaves have fallen, (L, K,) the branches, or twigs, remaining green. (L.) b7: المَلْحَآءُ (in a camel, L) (assumed tropical:) Certain flesh in the back, (situate within, L,) extending from the withers (الكَاهِل) to the rump: (L, K:) or the middle of the back, between the withers (الكاهل) and the rump: (T, S [in neither of which is reference made here to a camel]:) or the part between the hump of a camel and its rump: or the vertebræ of a camel over which is the hump: (L:) or, in a camel, the part beneath the hump; containing six vertebræ (مَحَالَات): pl. مَلْحَاوَاتٌ. (T.) فَارسُ المَلْحَآءِ The fat of the hump. (L.) b8: أَمْلَحُ A horse having the kind of swelling called مَلَحٌ. (TA.) أُمْلُوحَةٌ: see مُلْحَةٌ.

مَمْلَحَةٌ: see مَلَّاحَةٌ.

مِمْلَحَةٌ A thing [or vessel or the like] in which salt is put. (S, A.) مَمْلُوحٌ and ↓ مُمَلِّحٌ (tropical:) A fat camel. (L.) b2: ↓ مُمَلِّحٌ (tropical:) A camel destined for slaughter that is fat: (S:) or having some remains of fatness. (L.) A2: سَمَكٌ مَمْلُوحٌ, and ↓ مَلِيحٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مِلْحٌ, (Msb,) Salted fish; (S, K;) i. q. ↓ مُمَلَّحٌ. (K.) You should not say مَالِحٌ. As to the saying of 'Odháfir, بَصْرِيَّةٌ تَزَوَّجَتْ بَصْرِيَّا والطَّرِيَّا ↓ يُطْعِمُهَا المَالِحَ [A woman of El-Basrah who married a man of El-Basrah: he fed her with salted and fresh], it is not an evidence. (S.) ISd says, that some have disapproved of this word, as also of مليح, not regarding the above verse as an evidence. You says, that مليح and مملوح are better than مالح. (TA.) مُمَلَّحٌ and مُمَلِّحٌ: see مَمْلُوحٌ.

مُتَمَلِّحٌ: see مَلَّاحٌ.

جزر

1 جَزَرَ, aor. ـِ and sometimes جَزُرَ, (K,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (Mgh, K,) He cut, or cut off, (Mgh, K,) a thing. (TA.) b2: جَزَرَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) [inf. n. as above,] He slaughtered a camel (S, Mgh, Msb) or other animal, (Msb,) and skinned it; (S;) as also ↓ اجتزر. (S, TA.) You say also, جَزَرَ لَهُمْ, meaning He slaughtered for them a camel. (A.) And القَوْمَ جَزُورًا ↓ اجتزر He slaughtered and skinned for the people a camel. (TA.) b3: جَزَرَ النَّخْلَ, aor. ـِ (S, K) and جَزُرَ, (K,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ (S, K) and جَزَارٌ and جِزَارٌ, (Lh, K,) He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees: (Lh, S, K:) or, as some say, he spoiled the palm-trees in fecundating them. (TA.) b4: And جَزَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (K,) He gathered honey from the hive. (K, TA.) A2: جَزَرَ, aor. ـِ and جَزُرَ, inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) (tropical:) It (water) sank, and disappeared; became low; or became remote; (S, K;) decreased; went away; (TA;) flowed away, or retired, (A, Mgh, * Msb,) from the earth, or land: (A, Mgh:) it (the sea, and a river, Lth, ISd) ebbed; contr. of مَدَّ; (S, ISd, K; [but in this last sense, only جَزِرَ is authorized by the K, and app. by ISd also, as the aor. ـ) i. e., retreated, or went back; (S. Msb; *) as also ↓ انجزر; (ISd, TA;) or ceased to increase. (Lth, Mgh.) 4 اجزرهُ, (K,) or اجزر القَوْمَ, (ISk, S,) He gave to him, or to the people, a sheep or a goat, for him, or for them, to slaughter; (ISk, S, K;) meaning a ewe or a ram or a she-goat; (ISk, S;) or a sheep, or goat, fit for slaughter: (TA:) and أَجْزَرْتُهُ شَاةً I gave to him a ewe or a ram or a she-goat, and he slaughtered it: (ISk, TA:) and أَجْزَرْتُكَ بَعِيرًا, or شَاةً, I gave to thee a camel, or a sheep or goat, that thou mightest slaughter it: (A:) [but] accord. to ISk, one does not say أَجْزَرْتُهُمْ نَاقَةً, because a she-camel is fit for other purposes than that of slaughter: (S:) and accord. to some, one should not say اجزرهُ جَزُورًا, but اجزرهُ جَزَرَةً. (TA.) A2: اجزر He (a camel) attained to the fit time for his being slaughtered. (S, K.) b2: اجزر النَّخْلُ The palm-trees attained to the fit time for the cutting off of the fruit. (S, K.) b3: [And hence,] اجزر الشَيْخُ (tropical:) The old man attained to the fit time for his dying; (K, TA;) being aged, and near to his perishing; like as the palm-tree attains to the fit time for having its fruit cut off. (TA.) Youths used to say to an old man أَجْزَرْتَ يَا شَيْخُ, meaning, Thou hast attained to the fit time for thy dying, O old man: and he would say, أَىْ بَنِىَّ وَتُحْتَضَرُونَ, i. e., “[O my sons, and] ye shall die youths: ” but accord. to one way of relation, it is أَجْزَزْتَ; from أَجَزَّ البُرُّ “ the wheat attained to the proper time for being out. ” (S.) b4: اجزر القَوْمُ The people attained to the fit time for the cutting off of the fruit of the palm-trees. (Yz, TA.) 5 تَجَزَّرَ see 8.6 تَجَازَرَا (assumed tropical:) They reviled each other (K, TA) vehemently, or excessively. (TA.) 7 إِنْجَزَرَ see 1.8 اجتزر: see 1, in two places. b2: اجتزروا فِى

القِتَالِ and ↓ تجزّروا (K, TA) They fought one another [app. so that they cut one another in pieces]. (TA.) [In the K, this is immediately followed, as though for the purpose of explanation, by the words تَرَكُوهُمْ جَزَرًا لِلسِّبَاعِ أَىْ قِطَعًا: but there is evidently an omission in this place, at least of the conjunction وَ.] b3: And اجتزروا They had a camel slaughtered for them. (A.) جَزْرٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, K, &c.) A2: And also (assumed tropical:) The sea (K, TA) itself. (TA.) جَزَرٌ, (not ↓ جِزَرٌ, Fr, S, [but see what follows,]) [a coll. gen. n.,] Fat sheep or goats: (S, K, TA:) n. un. جَزَرَةٌ: (S, K:) or sheep, or goats, that are slaughtered; (M;) as also ↓ جَزُورٌ: (K:) n. un. as above: (M: in the K جَزْرَةٌ:) or جَزَرَةٌ signifies a sheep, or goat, fit for slaughter: or a sheep, or goat, to which the owners betake themselves and which they slaughter: and anything that is lawful to be slaughtered; n. un. of جَزَرٌ, which is sometimes [written ↓ جِزَرٌ,] with fet-h to the ز. (TA.) b2: جَزَرُ السِّبَاعِ The flesh which beasts or birds of prey eat. (S, Mgh.) One says, تَرَكُوهُمْ جَزَرًا (S, K) They slew them: (S:) or they left them cut in pieces لِلسِّبَاعِ [for the beasts or birds of prey]. (K.) And صَارُوا جَزَرًا لِلْعَدُوِّ [They became a prey to the enemy, cut in pieces]. (Mgh.) A2: See also جَزِيرَةٌ.

A3: Also, and ↓ جِزّرٌ, (Fr, S, Msb, K,) the latter with kesr to the ج, (Msb, K,) arabicized, (K,) from the Persian [گَزَرْ], (AHn,) [coll. gen. ns., meaning Carrots, or the carrot;] a certain root, (أَرُومَة,) which is eaten, (S, K,) well known: (TA:) n. un. with ة; (K;) or جَزَرَةٌ: (As, S, Msb:) the best kind is the red and sweet, which grows in winter: it is hot in the extreme of the second degree; moist in the first degree; (TA;) diuretic; (K, TA;) lenitive; emollient; (TA;) strengthening to the venereal faculty; emmenagogue: the putting of its pounded leaves upon festering ulcers is advantageous: (K, TA:) it is difficult of digestion; and engenders bad blood; but is made wholesome with vinegar and mustard. (TA.) b2: [See also حِنْزَابٌ, in art. حزب.]

جِزَرٌ: see جَزَرٌ, in three places.

جِزَارٌ The time of the cutting off of the fruit of palm-trees. (Yz, TA.) [See also 1.]

جَزُورٌ A camel [that is slaughtered, or to be slaughtered]; (K;) applied to the male and the female: (S, Msb:) or (as some say, Sgh, Msb) properly a she-camel that is slaughtered: (Sgh, Msb, K:) but the former is the correct assertion; (TA;) though the word is fem., (IAmb, S, Msb, TA,) on the authority of hearsay; (TA;) therefore you say, رَعَتِ الجَزُورء [the camel for slaughter pastured]: (IAmb, Msb:) or when used alone, it is fem., because what are slaughtered are mostly she-camels: (TA:) and when used as a common term, it implies the like of predominance [of the fem. gender]: (Háshiyeh of Esh-Shiháb, TA:) [the shares into which the جزور is divided in the game called المَيْسِر are described voce بَدْءٌ:] pl. جُزُرٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَزَائِرُ and جُزُرَاتٌ, (Msb, K,) the last of which is pl. of جُزُرٌ, like as طُرُقَاتٌ is of طُرُقٌ. (TA.) b2: See also جَزَرٌ.

جُزَارَةٌ, of a camel, The extremities; (S, A;) namely, (S,) the fore and kind legs, (اليَدَانِ وَالرِّجْلَانِ, S, K,) and the head, (S,) or neck: (A, K:) because the slaughterer receives them; (S;) they being his hire, (S, K,) or right, (A,) not being included among the shares in the game called المَيْسِر. (TA.) But when a horse is said to be عَبْلُ الجُزَارَةِ, (S,) or ضَخْمُ الجُزَارَةِ, (M,) what is meant is thickness of the fore and hind legs, and abundance of sinews; and the head is not included, because largeness of the head, in a horse, is a fault. (S, M.) جِزَارَةٌ The trade of him who slaughters camels (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA) and other animals. (Msb.) جَزِيرَةٌ (tropical:) An island; land in the sea [or in a river], from which the water has flowed away, so that it appears; (Az, Mgh;) and in like manner, land which a torrent does not overflow, but which it surrounds; (Az, TA;) land from which the tide retires; as also ↓ جَزَرٌ: (K:) so called because cut off from the main land: (S:) or because of the retiring of the water from it: (Msb:) pl. جَزَائِرُ: (S, Mgh:) [also, a peninsula:] and a piece of ground or land. (Kr, TA.) جَزَّارٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ جِزِّيرٌ (K) and ↓ جَازِرٌ (A) One who slaughters camels (A, Mgh, Msb, K) and other animals. (Msb.) جِزِّيرٌ: see what next precedes.

جَازِرٌ: see what next precedes.

مَجْزَرٌ, (Msb, K,) or مَجْزِرٌ, with kesr to the ز, (S, Ibn-Málik,) contr to rule, as the aor. of the verb is with damm, (Ibn-Málik, TA,) and sometimes ↓ مَجْزَرَةٌ [or مَجْزِرَةٌ], (Msb,) A place where camels are slaughtered, (S, Msb, K,) and other animals, (Msb,) namely, bulls and cows and sheep and goats, and where their flesh is sold: pl. مَجَازِرُ. (TA.) In a trad. of 'Omar, persons are enjoined to avoid مَجَازِر, (S, TA,) meaning as above; because of their uncleanness; (TA;) or because the witnessing of the slaughter of animals hardens the heart and dispels mercy: (IAth, TA:) or the meaning is, places of assembly; because a camel is slaughtered only where people are collected together: (S, TA:) the ↓ مَجْزَرَة is one of the places in which it is forbidden to perform the usual prayers. (Mgh.) مَجْزَرَةٌ or مَجْزِرَةٌ: see مَجْزَرٌ, in two places.

برح

1 بَرِحَ is syn. with زَالَ [in two senses; i. e. as an attributive verb, and also as a non-attributive verb; as will be shown by what follows]. (S, A, Mgh.) [Using it as an attributive verb,] you say, لَا أَبْرَحُ حَتَّى تَقْضِىَ حَاجَتِى I will not go away, or depart, or withdraw, (لَا أَزُولٌ, and لَا أَتَنَحَّىِ,) until thou accomplish my want: from بَرِحَ المَكَانُ, inf. n. بَرَاحٌ, he went away, or departed, from the place; syn. زَالَ مِنْهُ: and to be distinguished from the phrase in the Kur [xviii. 59, similar as to words,] mentioned below. (Mgh.) You say, بَرِحَ مَكَانَهُ, (S, A, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَرَاحٌ (S, L, K) and بُرُوحٌ (L, TA, and Ham p. 250) and بَرَحٌ, (L,) or بَرْحٌ, (as in a copy of the TA,) He went away, or departed, from his place; (S, L, K, and Ham ubi suprà;) and he became in the بَرَاح [or wide, uncultivated, or uninhabited, tract]. (S, L, K.) And مَا بَرِحَ مَكَانَهُ He did not quit his place. (Msb.) And بَرِحَ [alone], aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرَاحٌ, It (a thing) went away, or departed, (زَالَ,) from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ تبرّح. (L.) In the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ [There is, or shall be, no quitting of place, or going away, or departing], the noun is in the accus. case, as in لَا رَيْبَ: but it is allowable to put it in the nom. case, so that لا is used in the manner of لَيْسَ; (S, K;) as in the following saying of Saad Ibn-Málik, [in the TA, in one place, Ibn-Náshib,] in a poem of which the rhyme is with refa, (S, IAth,) alluding to El-Hárith Ibn-'Abbád, who had withdrawn himself from the war of Teghlib and Bekr the sons of Wáïl: (IAth, TA:) فَأَنَا ابْنُ قَيْسٍ لَا بَرَاحُ مَنْ فَرَّعَنْ نِيرَانِهَا [Whoso fleeth from its fires, (i. e. نِيرَانِ الحَرْبِ the fires of the war,) let him do so: but as for me, I am the son of Keys: to me there is not, or shall not be, any quitting of place]. (S, IAth. [See also Ham p. 250, where, for مَن فَرَّ, we find مَنْ صَدَّ whoso turneth away.]) [Hence,] بَرِحَتِ الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ The wind carried up, raised, or swept up and scattered, [lit. went away with,] the dust. (Msb.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] بَرِحَ الخَفَآءُ, (T, S, K, &c.,) and بَرَحَ, (Ibn-ElLihyánee, Z, and TA, [thus written in a copy of the A,]) (tropical:) The state of concealment departed, or ceased: or (tropical:) what was in a state of concealment became apparent; from بَرَاحٌ meaning “what is open and apparent” of land: or (tropical:) what I was concealing became apparent: (T, TA:) or (tropical:) the affair, or case, became manifest, (S, A, K,) and its concealment ceased, (A,) [or] as though the secret departed, and ceased: (S:) or, as some say, (assumed tropical:) the secret became apparent: (TA in art. خفى:) or, lit., the low ground became high and apparent; meaning (assumed tropical:) what was concealed became revealed: (Har pp. 133—4:) the first who said it was Shikk the Diviner. (IDrd, TA.) b2: [Using it as a non-attributive verb,] you say, لَا أَبْرَحُ

أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ I will not cease, or I will continue, (لَا أَزَالُ,) to do that: (S, A: *) and مَا بَرِحَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [he ceased not to do thus; or] he persevered in, or kept to, doing thus: (Msb:) and مَا بَرِحَ زَيْدٌ قَائِمًا [Zeyd ceased not to be, or he kept, or continued, standing]: in this case, the verb is of the category of كَانَ; (Mgh;) relates to time; and requires a predicate: and its inf. n. is بَرَاحٌ. (Ham p. 250.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xviii. 59], لَا أَبْرَاحُ حَتَّى أَبْلُغَ مَجْمَعَ البَحْرَيْنِ, but the predicate is suppressed: it may be مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ كَذٰلِكَ [i. e. I will not cease in that wherein we are thus engaged until I reach the place of meeting of the two seas]: (Mgh:) or it means لَا أَزَالُ

أَسِيرُ [I will not cease journeying]: (Bd, Jel:) or لا ابرح here may mean I will not depart (لَا أَزُولُ) from that upon which I am intent, namely journeying and seeking; and I will not relinquish it; so that it does not require the predicate. (Bd. [He gives a third explanation, paraphrastic and strained, which I omit.]) A2: بَرَحَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (L, TA, [but it is implied in the K that it is بَرُحَ, which is contr. to rule,]) inf. n. بُرُوحٌ, It (a gazelle, S, K, and a bird, and any wild animal, that is hunted or shot, TA) turned its left side towards the spectator, passing by (S, K *) from the direction of his right hand towards that of his left hand: (S:) or passed by from the direction of the spectator's left hand towards that of his right hand: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, L, Msb, in art. سنح:) [the former appears to be accord. to the usage of the Hijázees; and the latter, accord. to that of the Nejdees, in general: see بَارِحٌ:] contr. of سَنَحَ. (S.) A3: بَرَحَ, aor. ـُ [contr. to rule,] (K,) inf. n. بَرْحٌ, (TA,) He was angry. (K.) When a man has been angry with his companion, one says, مَا أَشَدَّ مَا بَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ [How violently angry was he with him!]. (L.) 2 بَرَّحَتْ بِيَ الحُمَّى The fever affected me with its severity, violence, or sharpness, termed بُرَحَآءُ. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) from بُرَحَآءُ, (S, K,) برّح بِهِ, inf. n. تَبْرِيحٌ, It (an affair, an event, or a case,) affected him severely; afflicted, distressed, or harassed, him: (S, K:) said also of anxiety; or disquietude, or trouble, of mind: (A:) and of a beating, meaning it hurt him severely, or greatly. (Msb.) Also said of a man, meaning He importuned him, or pressed him, with annoyance, or molestation: (A, TA:) he annoyed him, or molested him, by importuning or pressing; as also ↓ ابرح: (TA:) he annoyed him, or molested him, by distressing importunity or pressing: (T, TA:) and he punished, tormented, or tortured, him. (TA.) تَبْرِيحٌ signifies The act of annoying, molesting, or hurting: (Mgh:) and in a trad., (in which it is forbidden, TA,) the killing, or putting to death, in an evil [or a cruel] manner; such as throwing live fish, and lice, into the fire. (Mgh, TA.) A2: بَرَّحَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ May God remove from thee البَرْح [i. e. difficulty, distress, affliction, &c., or the difficulty, &c.]. (A, TA.) 4 ابرحهُ He made him, or caused him, to go away from, depart from, or quit, his place. (A, * L.) A2: He, or it, pleased, or rejoiced, him; excited his admiration and approval; induced in him wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy. (S, K.) One says also, مَا أَبْرَحَ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ How greatly does this affair, or event, please, or rejoice! how greatly does it excite admiration and approval! or how greatly does it induce wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy! (S.) b2: He treated him with honour, or honoured him, and magnified him: (S, K:) or, as some say, he found him to be generous, or noble. (TA.) b3: He judged him, or it, i. e. a man, (A, TA,) and a horse, (A,) or anything, (TA,) to be excellent, or to excel, (A, TA,) and wondered at, or admired, him, or it. (A.) A3: ابرح also signifies He exceeded the usual bounds, degree, or mode. (As, S, * TA.) You say, أَبْرَحْتَ كَرَمًا, and لُؤْمًا, (A, TA,) Thou hast done a thing exceeding the usual bounds [in generosity, or nobleness, and in meanness, or ignobleness]; or extravagant; or excessive. (TA.) b2: See also 2.5 تَبَرَّحَ see 1.

بَرْحٌ Difficulty, distress, affliction, or adversity; evil, or mischief; (K, TA;) annoyance, molestation, or hurt; severe punishment; trouble, inconvenience, or fatigue; (TA;) a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing or event: (Ham p. 135:) and annoyance, or molestation, by distressing importunity or pressing; a subst. from 2: (T, TA:) and بِنْتُ بَرْحٍ, [and app. اِبْنُ بَرْحٍ also,] a calamity, misfortune, or disaster; or a great, or terrible, thing, affair, or case; (TA;) as also ↓ بِنْتُ بَارِحٍ, and ↓ اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ; (K;) pl. بَنَاتُ بَرْحٍ and بَنُو بَرْحٍ. (TA.) [See also تَبْرِيحٌ.] You say, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا

↓ بَارِحًا I experienced from him, or it, [great] difficulty, distress, affliction, or adversity; [great] annoyance, molestation, or hurt; (S, A, * K; *) a phrase having an intensive signification, (K, TA,) like لَيْلٌ أَلْيَلُ [and لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ]; and so بَرْحًا

↓ مُبَرِّحًا. (TA.) When used as an imprecation, the more approved way is to put the two words in the accus. case: but sometimes they are put in the nom. case; as in the saying of a poet, ↓ بَرْحٌ لَعيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ [May great difficulty, &c., befall thy two eyes!]. (TA.) You say also, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَنَاتِ بَرْحٍ, (S, A,) and بَنِي بَرْحٍ, (S,) I experienced from him, or it, difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adverse events; and calamities, misfortunes, or disasters: (S:) and, in the same sense, ↓ لقيت منه البِرَحِينَ, and ↓ البُرَحِينَ, (S, K,) and ↓ البَرَحِينَ; (K;) or, accord. to some copies of the K, ↓ البِرْحَينِ, and ↓ البُرْحَيْنِ, and ↓ البَرْحَيْنِ, as duals; but the former reading is the more correct: (TA:) [MF disapproves of the form بَرَحِينَ, and it is not mentioned in the L; but the dual form بَرْحَيْنِ is there mentioned:] it seems as though the sing. of بَرِحِينَ [or بُرَحِينَ] were بِرَحَةٌ [or بُرَحَةٌ], and that the pl. is formed by the termination ون to compensate for the rejection of the ة, as is virtually the case in أَرَضُونَ; [or because the signification is regarded as that of a personification;] and that the pl. only is used. (L.) It is said in a prov., بِنْتُ بَرْحٍ شَرَكٌ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ [Calamity is, or be, a snare upon thy head]. (TA.) بَرِحٌ: see مُبَرِّحٌ.

صَرْحَةَ بَرْحَةَ, or صَرْحَةً بَرْحَةً, &c.: see art. صرح.

بُرْحَةٌ The best of anything: (TA:) and [particularly] one of the best of she-camels: (S, K:) or, of he-camels: (T:) pl. بُرَحٌ. (T, S, K.) You say, هٰذِهِ بُرْحَةٌ مِنَ البُرَحِ, (S, K, *) or هُوَ بُرْحَةٌ مِنَ البُرَحِ, (T,) This is a she-camel, (S, K, *) or he is a camel, (T,) of the best of camels. (T, S, K.) بَرْحَي a word that is said when one misses the mark in shooting or casting; like as مَرْحَي is said when one hits the mark. (S, ISd, A, K.) بُرَحَآءُ Severity, violence, or sharpness, (As, A, TA,) or vehement molestation, (S, K,) of a fever (As, A, S, K) &c.: (S, K:) [a paroxysm; used in this sense by modern physicians:] and vehement distress of mind arising from the oppression caused by inspiration or revelation; such as is said to have affected the Prophet; [but most probably a paroxysm of that species of catalepsy which physicians term ecstasy;] occurring in a trad. (TA.) You say of one suffering from fever, when it is intense, أَصَابَتْهُ البُرَحَآءُ [The paroxysm, or severe fit, has befallen him]. (TA.) البِرَحِينَ and البُرَحِينَ &c.: see بَرْحٌ بَرَاحٌ inf. n. of بَرِحَ, q. v.; whence the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ, explained above. (S, L, K.) A2: A wide, or spacious, tract of land, (S, A, K,) kaving in it no seed-produce nor trees: (S, K:) or land having in it no building nor habitation: (Ham p. 237:) and applied as an epithet to land, signifying wide, or spacious, open, or conspicuous, and having in it no herbage nor habitation: and what is open, uncovered, and wholly apparent, of land: (TA:) or a place having no trees nor other things to cover or conceal it; as though such things had departed; (Mgh;) a place free from trees &c.: (Msb:) or an elevated and open tract of land. (Har p. 134.) b2: حَبِيلُ بَرَاحٍ is an appellation given to (tropical:) A lion: and (assumed tropical:) a courageous man: as though each of them were bound with ropes, (K, TA,) and did not quit his place. (TA.) A3: An affair, a thing, or a case, that is plain, evident, or manifest; (K, TA;) or open, or public. (TA.) You say, جَآءَنَا بِالأَمْرِ بَرَاحًا [He told us, or did to us, the thing] plainly [or openly]. (S.) and جَآءَ بِالكُفْرِ بَرَاحًا وَ بِالشَّرِّ صُرَاحًا [He uttered, or committed an act of, infidelity plainly, or openly, and evil, or mischief, unmixedly]. (A, TA.) b2: Counsel, or an opinion, that is disapproved, or deemed evil. (K.) A4: بَرَاحِ, (El-Mufaddal, S, A, &c.,) and بَرَاحُ, with damm and without tenween, (Az, El-Mufaddal,) a name of The sun: (S, A, &c.:) determinate [and the former indecl.]: the sun is so called because of the spreading of its light, and its conspicuousness; or, being applied to the sun when it sets, براح means بَارِحَةٌ; like as كَسَابِ, a name applied to a hunting-bitch, means كَاسِبَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَلَكَتْ بَرَاحِ The sun set [or declined from the meridian]. (A, TA.) For this phrase, occurring at the end of a verse cited by Ktr, Fr reads دَلَكَتْ بِرَاحِ; راح being pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of رَاحَةٌ, meaning the “hand”

[or “palm of the hand”]: (S, TA:) accord. to which reading, the poet means The sun had set, or had declined from the meridian, while they put their hands, or the palms of their hands, over their eyes, looking to see if it had set, or had declined from the meridian: or he who says, دَلَكَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِرَاحِ means the sun had almost set: the two readings بَراح and بِراح are mentioned by A'Obeyd and Az and Hr and Z and others: Az says, دلكت بِرَاحٍ, with tenween, and بَرَاحٌ, without tenween. (TA.) [See also رَاحَةٌ, in art. روح.]

بَرُوحٌ: see بَارِحٌ.

بَرِيحٌ: see بَارِحٌ.

A2: Also The croaking of the غُرَاب [or crow, of whatever species, as raven, carrion-crow, &c.]. (L.) b2: [Hence,] اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ: so in the K: in the S, أُمُّ بَرِيحٍ; but IB and Aboo-Zekereeyà say that only the former is right: (TA:) [in one copy of the S, however, I find both of these:] The غُرَاب [or crow, as a generic term, applying to the raven, carrion-crow, &c.]: (S, K, &c.:) so called because of its cry: a determinate appellation: for the pl., the expression used is بَنَاتُ بَرِيحٍ. (TA.) b3: See also بَرْحٌ.

A3: قَوْلٌ بَرِيحٌ A saying by which one pronounces a person to have said, or done, right. (L.) بَارِحٌ, (S, K, &c.,) as also ↓ بَرُوحٌ and ↓ بَرِيحٌ, (K,) applied to a gazelle, (S,) or what is hunted or shot, (K, TA,) of gazelles and birds and wild animals [in general], (TA,) Turning his left side towards the spectator, (S,) passing from the direction of the right hand of the latter towards the direction of his left hand: (S, K:) or turning his right side towards the spectator, passing from the direction of the latter's left hand towards that of his right: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, A, * L, Msb, * in art. سنح:) contr. of سَانِحٌ: (S, * TA:) pl. بَوَارِحُ. (L in art. سنح.) The Arabs [who apply the epithet in the latter sense] regard the بارح as an evil omen, and the سانح as a good omen; because one cannot shoot at the former without turning himself: (S:) but some of them hold the reverse: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee and L in art. سنح:) the people of Nejd hold the سانح to be a good omen; but sometimes a Nejdee adopts the opinion of the Hijázee [which is the contrary]. (IB in that art.) The first of these epithets is also applied to a bird as meaning Inauspicious; ill-omened. (A.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ لِى بِا لسَّانِحِ بَعْدَ البَارِحِ (TA) i. e. [Who will be responsible to me] for a fortunate, or lucky, event, after an unfortunate, or unlucky? (K in art. سنح:) applied in the case of a man's doing evil, and its being said, “He will at a future time do good to thee:” originally said by a man on the occasion of gazelles' passing before him in the manner of such as are termed بَارِحَة, and its being said to him, “They will present themselves to thee in the manner of such as are termed سَانحَة.” (TA.) And in another prov. it is said, إِنَّمَا هُوَ كَبَارِحِ الأَرْوَى [It, or he, is only like the mountain-goat passing in the manner of such as is termed بارح]: for it dwells on the tops of the mountains, and men scarcely ever see it passing with the right or left side towards them save once in the course of ages: (S, K:) applied in the case of an extraordinary occurrence: (K:) [or in the case of a benefit conferred by a man who very rarely confers benefits on others: (Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 35:)] or when a man has delayed, or been tardy in, visiting [but has come at last]. (TA.) b2: Hence, فِتْلَةٌ بَارِحَةٌ i. q. شَزْرَةٌ [i. e. (tropical:) A manner of twisting contrary to that which is usual: see شَزَرَ]. (A.) b3: And هٰذِهِ فَعْلةٌ بَارِحَةٌ (tropical:) This is an action that has not happened rightly. (A.) b4: [Hence,] بِنْتُ بَارِحٌ: and [perhaps] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا بَارِحًا: and بَرْحٌ لِعَيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ: see بَرْحٌ. b5: [And hence, perhaps, because of its evil effect; or because it comes, accord. to some, from the left, i. e. northerly direction, or, accord. to others, from the right, i. e. southerly direction; or] from بَرْحٌ as signifying “a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing, or event;” (Ham p. 135;) بَارِحٌ signifies also A hot wind: (S:) or a hot wind in the صَيْفٌ [i. e. summer or spring]: (K:) or a hot wind coming from the direction of El-Yemen: (Ham p. 135:) or a wind that carries up, raises, or sweeps up and scatters, the dust: (Msb:) pl. بَوارِحُ: (S, K, &c.:) or the بوارح are hot north, or northerly, winds in the صَيْف: (Az, Az, S:) this Az found to be the sense in which the term was used by the Arabs in his time: (TA:) or violent winds that carry with them the dust by reason of their violence: (TA:) or this name (the pl.) was given by the Arabs to all winds in the time of the stars of the قَيْظ [or summer]: they mostly blow in the time of the stars of Libra; [app. meaning when Libra is on, or near, the meridian at nightfall, agreeably with a statement in modern Arabic almanacs, that the periods of the beginning and end of the winds thus called are the 30th of May and the 9th of July;] and these winds are what are termed the سَمَائِم [pl. of سَمُومٌ]. (Ibn-Kunáseh, TA.) b6: البَوَارِحُ is also said by some to signify الأَنْوَآءُ [pl. of نَوْءٌ, q. v.]; as mentioned by AHn; but he repels their assertion. (TA.) البَارِحَةُ The next, or nearest, past, or preceding, night; yesternight: (S, A, Mgh, * Msb, * K:) from بَرِحَ signifying زَالَ [“he, or it, went away” &c.]. (S, A.) [In modern Arabic, Yesterday; as also البَارِح.] It has no dim. formed from it. (Sb, in S, in art. أمس; and TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَة [I met, or met with, him, or it, last night, or yesternight]: and لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَةَ الأُولَي [I met, or met with, him, or it, the night before last; this being the sense in which the phrase is now used by the learned: but the vulgar expression is أَوَّل البَارِحَة, generally pronounced أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحَهْ or أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحْ, agreeably with a peculiarity of the dial. of the people of El-Yemen, or of Teiyi and Himyer, by the substitution of اَمْ for اَلْ: see art. ام]. (S) From daybreak to the time when the sun declines from the meridian, one says, رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَةَ فِى مَنَامِى [I saw to-night in my sleep (such a thing)]; but when the sun has declined, one says, رَأَيْتُ البَارِحَةَ [I saw last night, or yesternight]: (Az, Th: [and the like is said in the Mgh and Msb:]) or one says, كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا اللَّيْلَةَ [Such and such things happened to-night] until the sun is somewhat high and the day has become bright; but after this, one says, كَانَ البَارِحَةَ [It happened last night, or yesternight]. (Yoo, Seer.) The Arabs say, مَا أَشْبَهَ اللَّيْلَةَ بِا لبَارِحَةِ How like is this night wherein we are to the former night that has departed! (TA:) [or, this night to yesternight!]: originally occurring in a poem of Tarafeh: used as meaning “how like is the child to the father!” and applied to [any] two things resembling each other. (Har p. 667.) أَبْرَحُ is formed [from بَرَحَ for بَرَّحَ] by the rejection of the added letter: [for a word of this kind is regularly formed only from an unaugmented triliteral-radical verb:] or it is like أَحْنَكُ, having no proper verb. (L.) You say, هٰذَا

أَبْرَحُ عَلَىَّ مِنْ ذَاكَ (A, * L, Msb *) This is more difficult, distressing, or afflicting, to me than that. (L, Msb. *) And هٰذَآ الأَمْرُ أَبْرَحُ مِنْ هٰذَا This affair, event, or case, is more difficult, or distressing, than this. (S.) And قَتَلُوهُمْ أَبْرَحَ قَتْلٍ [They slew them with a most severe slaughter]. (S.) تَبْرِيحٌ [inf. n. of 2, used as a simple subst.,] is said by some to be sing. of تَبَارِيحُ, and has been used as such by post-classical authors, but is not of established authority: accord. to others, the latter has no sing.: (MF:) the pl. signifies Difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adversities: [see also بَرْحٌ:] or the difficulties, or obligations, incurred by troublesome, or inconvenient, means of obtaining subsistence: (TA:) and تَبَارِيحُ الشَّوْقِ the burning, or fierce burning, [or the burnings, &c.,] of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (S, K.) أنَا مُبَرَّحٌ بِى I am importuned, or pressed, with annoyance, or molestation. (A, TA.) [See the verb (2).]

مُبَرِّحٌ and ↓ بَرِحٌ, applied to an affair, an event, or a case, signify the same; (K, TA;) i. e. Severe, afflicting, distressing, or harassing: (TA:) and the former, to a beating, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) meaning the same; (TA;) or hurting (S, Mgh) severely: (S:) and to a man, meaning annoying, or molesting, by importuning, or pressing. (TA.) [See 2.] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا مُبَرِّحًا: see بَرْحٌ.

يَبْرُوحٌ, (K,) thus correctly written, with the ى before the ب; [not بيروح, as in the CK; in Chald.

יַבְרוּחַ, the word corresponding to the sing. of the Hebr.

דּוּרָאִים in Gen. xxx. 14 and 16, accord. to the paraphrase of Onkelos;] or يَبْرُوحٌ صَنَمِىٌّ [the idol-like يبروح]; (TA;) The root, or lower part, of the wild لُفَّاح [or mandrake, not to be confounded with another plant to which the name of لُفَّاح, q. v., is also applied], (K,) which is known by the names of فَاوَانِيَا and عُودُ الصَّلِيبِ [names now given to the peony], and called by MF تُفَّاحُ البَرِّ, [or the wild apple, but perhaps this is a mistranscription for لُفَّاحُ البَرِّ,] said by him to be an appellation used by the vulgar; (TA;) resembling the form of a man; (K;) and of two sorts, male and female; called by the people of Greece عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ: (TA:) it torpifies, (K,) and strengthens the two appetites [namely that of the stomach and that of the generative organ): (TA:) if ivory is cooked with it for six hours, it renders it soft; and if a part affected by [the disease termed] بَرَش is rubbed with its leaves for a week, (K,) without interruption, (TA,) it removes it without causing ulcers, or sores: (K:) the root of the wild لُفَّاح is the يَبْروح: it has the form of a human being; the male like the male, and the female like the female; and they pretend that he who pulls it up dies; wherefore, when they desire to do so, they tie a dog or some other animal to it. (Kzw, voce لُفَّاح.)

نفز

1 نَفَزَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. نَفَزَانٌ (S, K) and نَفْزٌ (Msb, TA) and نُفُوزٌ, (TA,) He (an antelope) leaped, jumped, sprang, or bounded; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ نفّز: (A:) or did so in his running: (As, TA:) or did so and alighted with his legs spread: when he alights with his legs together, the action is termed قَفْزٌ: (TA:) or did so after putting his legs together: (Az, TA:) or leaped upwards with all his legs at once and put them down without separating them: (Msb:) or raised his legs together and put them down together: or ran at the utmost vehement rate of the running termed إِحْضَار. (TA.) 2 نَفَّزَ see 1.

A2: نفّزهُ, (K,) or نفّزتهُ, (S, A,) He, or she, danced, or dandled, him, (S, A, K,) namely, a child; (S, A;) as also نقّزته. (TA, art. نقز.) 6 تنافزوا They (children) contended together in leaping, jumping, springing, or bounding, in play. (A, K.) نَفْزَةٌ An antelope's running by reason of fright. (AA, TA.) نَفُوزٌ (S) and ↓ يَنْفُوزٌ (K) An antelope that leaps, jumps, springs, or bounds, (S, K,) [in one or other of the manners described above,] much, or vehemently. (TA.) نَافِزَةٌ, sing. of نَوَافِزُ, (TA,) which signifies The legs of a beast of carriage: (K, TA:) but the word commonly known is نَوَاقِزُ, with ق. (TA.) يَنْفُوزٌ: see نفوز.

عشو

1 عَشَا, (TA, and so accord. to some copies of the K,) first Pers\. عَشَوْتُ, (S,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. عَشْوٌ and عُشُوٌّ; (KL;) as also عَشِىَ, like رَضِىَ [i. e. having for its aor. ـْ but the inf. n. is app. عَشًا, as in the similar sense expl. in the next sentence]; (TA, and so in my MS. copy of the K;) i. q. ↓ تعشّى, (S, K, TA,) [which is more commonly used than either of preceding verbs, and] which signifies He ate the [eveningmeal, or evening-repast, or supper, i. e. what is called the] عَشَآء. (Msb, K, TA.) And عَشِيَتِ الإِبِلُ, (ISk, S, K, TA,) aor. ـْ inf. n. عَشًا, (ISk, S, TA,) i. q. ↓ تَعَشَّت [i. e. The camels ate the evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called the عَشَآء]. (ISk, S, K, TA.) b2: And عَشَاهُ, (K,) first Pers\.

عَشَوْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـْ (S, TA,) inf. n. عَشْوٌ; (K, TA;) and inf. n. عَشْىٌ also, (TA, and thus in some copies of the K,) thus correctly, as in the M, عشيانًا in [some of] the copies of the K being a mistake for عَشْيًا, the aor. being also يَعْشِيهِ; (TA;) i. q. ↓ عشّاهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) [which is more commonly used than either of the preceding verbs,] inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, (S,) i. e. He fed him (namely, a man, Msb, or a horse, or a camel, (S) with the [evening-meal, or supper, or the evening-pasture or evening-feed, i. e. what is called the] عَشَآء; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اعشاهُ: (K:) and عَشَا الإِبِلَ, (K, TA,) like دَعَا [i. e. having for its aor. ـْ (TA;) and ↓ عشّاها; He pastured the camels by night. (K, TA.) A2: عَشَوْتُهُ also signifies I repaired, or betook myself, to, or towards, him, or it, by night: and hence ↓ عَاشٍ is applied to any one repairing, or betaking himself, to or towards [an object]. (S.) b2: And عَشَوْتُ إِلَى النَّارِ, aor. ـْ inf. n. عَشْوٌ, I sought to be directed, or guided, or I directed, or guided, myself, by weak eyesight, to the fire: (S:) or I looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, and repaired, or betook myself, to it, or towards it; and I saw it, or looked towards it trying whether I could see it, and sought to be directed, or guided, to it by its light: (Har p. 535:) El-Hotei-ah says, مَتَى تأْتِهِ تَعْشُو إِلَى ضَوْءِ نَارِهِ تَجِدْ خَيْرَ نَارٍ عِنْدَهَا خَيْرُ مُوقِدِ [When thou comest to him, looking with blinking eyes towards the light of his fire and seeking to be guided by it thereto, thou findest the best fire, and at it is the best kindler]; meaning مَتَى تَأْتِهِ عَاشِيًا; using the marfooa verb between two verbs whereof each is mejzoom because the verb in the future tense when it occurs in the place of a denotative of state is marfooa: (S:) or عَشَا النَّارَ and إِلَى

النَّارِ, inf. n. عَشْوٌ and عُشُوٌّ; as also النَّارَ ↓ اعتشى and بِالنَّارِ; signifies he saw the fire by night from afar, and repaired, or betook himself, to it, or towards it, seeking to light himself thereby, (K, TA,) and hoping to obtain thereby guidance and good. (TA.) b3: And عَشَا عَنِ النَّارِ He turned away and went from the light of the fire. (TA.) b4: and عَشَوْتُ عَنْهُ I went, or turned, from him, or it, to another: whence, it is said, the saying in the Kur [xlii. 35], وَمَنْ يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمٰنِ [and such as turns from the admonition of the Compassionate]. (S. See another explanation of this saying in what follows.) [This and other meanings expl. below are app. from what here next follows.] b5: عَشِىَ, aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) dual يَعْشَيَانِ, not يَعْشَوَانِ, (S,) inf. n. عَشًا, (S, Msb, K,) He was, or became, weak-sighted: (Msb:) or he did not see by night, but saw by day: (S:) or he had bad sight by night and by day: or he was, or became, blind: [said of a man, and of a beast of the equine kind, and of a camel, and of a bird: (see عَشًا, below:)] and عَشَا, aor. ـْ signifies the same: (K:) or the two verbs differ in meaning; so as that وَمَنْ يَعْشَ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمٰنِ, in the Kur xliii. 35, thus read by some, means (assumed tropical:) and such as is blind to the admonition of the Compassionate, i. e., to the Kur-án; but مَنْ يَعْشُ, as others read, (assumed tropical:) such as feigns himself blind: (Ksh and Bd: *) [see also 6: and see another explanation of the latter reading, above: or] عَشَا signifies also he (a man, TA) did as does the أَعْشَى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) One says also, عشى مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـو [thus in my original, but the pret. is app. عَشِىَ, and the aor. ـْ meaning He lacked strength of sight to perceive the thing. (TA.) And عَشِىَ عَنْ حَقِّهِ like عَمِىَ in measure and in meaning [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, blind to his right, or due]. (TA.) And لَا يَعْشَى إِلَّا بَعْدَ مَا يَعْشُو is one of their sayings, meaning [app. He will not become weak-sighted except] after his eating the [eveningmeal called the] عَشَآء: (TA:) [for it is said that] the eating of food in the night occasions weakness of sight more than [do] other things. (Har p. 52.

[العشآء is there written in one instance for العَشَا.]) b6: عَشِىَ عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. عَشًا, means He wronged him; treated him wrongfully, injuriously, unjustly, or tyrannically: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) 2 عَشَّوَ see 1, former half, in two places. One says, عَشِّ وَلَا تَغْتَرَّ, (Meyd, TA,) or عَشِّ إِبِلَكَ وَلَا تَغْتَرَّ [a prov., meaning Pasture thy camels by night, and be not negligent, or be not made to desire what is vain, or false]. (S. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 92.]) And عَشَّيْتُ الإِبِلَ عَنِ الوِرْدِ I pastured the camels with the [evening-pasture called]

عَشَآء, so that they might come to the water having satisfied themselves with food: and in like manner one says, ضَحَّيْتُهَا عَنْهُ. (A and TA in art. ضحو and ضحى.) And عَشِّ رُوَيْدًا Pasture thou the camels in the evening (عَشِيًّا) gently: and in like manner one says, ضَحِّ رُوَيْدًا. (A, TA.) and hence, عشّى عَنِ الأَمْرِ (inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, K) (tropical:) He acted gently, or deliberately, in the affair: (A and TA in art. ضحو and ضحى, and S * and K * in the present art.:) and in like manner, ضَحَّى

عَنْهُ. (A and TA in the former art., and S * in the present art.) A2: See also the next paragraph. [Hence,] عشّى الطَّيْرَ, inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, He kindled a fire for the birds in order that they might become dim-sighted (لِتَعْشَى) and consequently be captured. (M, K.) 4 أَعْشَوَ see 1, former half. b2: [Hence, app.,] اعشى also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave. (K.) A2: And اعشاهُ He (God) rendered him أَعْشَى [i. e. weak-sighted, &c.: and in like manner one says ↓ عشّاهُ: see 2, last sentence; and see also Har p. 52].5 تَعَشَّوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places. One says also, تعشّى بِهِ He fed himself with it [in the evening, or] in the time called the عِشَآء: and [in like manner] تَتَعَشَّاهُ is said of camels [as meaning they feed themselves with it, or pasture upon it, in the evening]. (TA.) And when one says to thee, تَعَشَّ [Eat thou the evening-meal], thou sayest, مَا بِى تَعَشٍّ, (S,) or مَا بِى مِنْ تَعَشٍّ, (TA,) [I have no desire for eating the evening-meal; see 5 in art. غدو;] and not مَا بِى عَشَآءٌ, (S,) or not ما بي مِنْ عَشَآءٍ (TA.) A2: See also 6.

A3: And تعشّاهُ signifies also He gave him an عِشْوَة [or عُشْوَة, i. e. a firebrand]. (TA.) 6 تعاشى He feigned himself أَعْشَى [i. e. weaksighted, &c.; and so ↓ تعشّى as used by Bd in xliii.

35]. (S, TA.) b2: And [hence] (tropical:) He feigned himself ignorant, (K, TA,) عَنْ كَذَا [of such a thing], as though he did not see it; like تَعَامَى. (TA.) 8 اعتشى He journeyed in the time of the عِشَآء

[or nightfall]: (K, TA:) like اهتجر meaning “ he journeyed in the time of the هَاجِرَة. ” (TA.) A2: See also 1, latter half.10 استعشاهُ He found him to be deviating from the right course, or acting wrongfully, injuriously, unjustly, or tyrannically, (وَجَدَهُ جَائِرًا, K, TA, in some copies of the K حَائِرًا,) فِى حَقِّ أَصْحَابِهِ [in respect of the right, or due, of his companions]. (TA.) A2: And استعشى نَارًا He guided himself by means of a fire. (K.) عِشْوٌ A bowl (قَدَح) of milk which is drunk at the time when the sheep, or goats, return from the pasture in the evening or afternoon, or after that time. (K.) عِشْىٌ: see عَشَآءٌ.

عَشًا inf. n. of عَشِىَ: (S, Msb, K:) [used as a simple subst., Weakness of sight: or sightlessness by night with ability to see by day: or] badness of sight by night and by day; as also ↓ عَشَاوَةٌ: (K:) it is in human beings, and beasts of the equine kind (دَوَابّ), and camels, and birds; as is said in the M: (TA:) or it is darkness that happens to the eye: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or blindness; (K, TA;) i. e. absolute destitution of sight. (TA.) عَشٍ applied to a he-camel, and عَشِيَةٌ applied to a she-camel, That exceeds the other camels in the [evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called] عَشَآء; each after the manner of the possessive epithet, having no verb. (TA. [And عَشِىٌّ is said to have a similar meaning.]) A2: See also أَعْشَى.

عَشْوَةٌ Darkness, (K, TA,) in [any part of] the night and in the سَحَر [or period a little before daybreak]; (TA;) as also ↓ عَشْوَآءُ: (K:) or the first of the darkness of the night: (Az, TA:) or the period between the beginning and [the end of] the [first] quarter of the night: (Az, S, K:) thus in the saying, مَضَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ عَشْوَةٌ [A period between the beginning &c. of the night passed]: and one says also, أَخَذْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالعَشْوَةِ, meaning [I laid hold upon them] in the blackness of night: (Az, S:) the dim. is ↓ عُشَيَّةٌ. (Az, TA.) In the saying جَآءَ عَشْوَةَ, meaning عِشَآءً [i. e. He came at nightfall], it [is an adv. n. which] may not be used otherwise than thus: you may not say, مَضَتْ عَشْوَةُ. (TA.) b2: العشوة [app. العَشْوَةُ] as meaning العَشَآءُ, like الغدوة [app. الغَدْوَةُ] as meaning الغَدَآءُ, is vulgar. (TA.) A2: Also The venturing upon, or embarking in, an affair that is not clear; as also ↓ عِشْوَةٌ and ↓ عُشْوَةٌ: (S, K:) one says, أَوْطَأْتَنِى عَشْوَةً and عِشْوَةً and عُشْوَةً, meaning [Thou hast made me to venture upon, or embark in,] a confused and dubious affair: this is when you tell him of a thing by means of which you have made him to fall into perplexity or trial. (S.) b2: خَبَّاطُ عَشَوَاتٍ, occurring in a trad., see expl. in art. خبط.

عُشْوَةٌ: see عَشْوَةٌ.

A2: Also, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ عِشْوَةٌ, (K, TA,) A fire which one sees by night from afar, and to which, or towards which, he repairs, or betakes himself, seeking to light himself thereby: (K, TA:) or (TA) a firebrand (شُعْلَةٌ مِنْ نَارٍ). (S, TA.) عِشْوَةٌ: see عَشْوَةٌ: A2: and see also عُشْوَةٌ.

عَشْوَى A state of perplexity, and of having little guidance: so in the saying, إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى عَشْوَى أَمْرِهِمْ [or, perhaps, مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ, i. e. Verily they are in a state of perplexity, &c., in respect of their case, or affair]. (TA.) عَشَوِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the [time called]

عَشِيَّة [or عَشِىّ, q. v.]. (S.) عُشْوَانٌ A species of dates: (IDrd, K, TA:) or of palm-tress, (K, TA,) of such as are late in bearing. (TA.) عَشْيَانُ, (S, K, TA,) originally عَشْوَانُ, like غَدْيَانُ [q. v.] which is originally غَدْوَانُ, (TA,) A man (S) eating the [evening-meal, or eveningrepast, i. e. what is called the] عَشَآء; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَاشٍ. (TA.) عَشَآءٌ The meal, or repast, (S, Msb, K,) of the عِشَآء [or nightfall], (S, * Msb,) or of the عَشِىّ [or late part of the evening, &c.]; (S, * K, TA;) [i. e. supper, in a general sense;] opposed to غَدَآءٌ; (S;) as also ↓ عِشْىٌ: (K: [in the CK, العِشٰى is erroneously put for العِشْىُ:]) and in like manner both are used in relation to camels [as meaning their evening-pasture, or evening-feed: see an ex. voce عَتَمَةٌ, and another voce أَقْعَسُ]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former أَعْشِيَةٌ; (K, TA;) to which is added, in [some of] the copies of the K, and عُشِىٌّ; but this is correctly عَشِىَ, [or عَشَا, as in some copies,] and commences another sentence. (TA.) عِشَآءٌ [The time of nightfall; i. e.] the first, or beginning, of the darkness (Msb, K) of night: (Msb:) [this is the sense in which it is generally used, and always when it is used as applied to one of the five times of the divinely-appointed acts of prayer; صَلَاةُ العِشَآءِ, and elliptically العِشَآءُ alone, meaning the prayer of nightfall:] or it is [the time] when the sun has disappeared: (Az, TA:) or [the time] from sunset (K) [i. e.] from the prayer of sunset (Msb, TA) to the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall]; (Msb, K, TA;) [and this is what is meant by its being said that it is] syn. with عَشِىٌّ: (S:) or [the time] from the زَوَال [meaning the declining of the sun from the meridian] to the rising of the dawn: (S, K:) so some assert, and they cite, as an ex., غَدَوْنَا غُدْوَةً سَحَرًا بِلَيْلٍ

عِشَآءً بَعْدَ مَا انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ [We went early in the morning, a little before daybreak, in a period between the declining of the sun from the meridian and the rising of the dawn, after the daytime had become halved]: (S, TA:) [sometimes] the Arabs said, أَقْبَلَتِ العِشَآءُ, meaning العَشِيَّةُ; and هٰذَا العَشِيَّةُ, meaning العِشَآءُ. (Msb voce صَوْتٌ.) العِشَاآنِ means The time of sunset and the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall]: (IF, S, Msb, K: [compare הָעַרְבַּיִם in Exodus xii. 6 and xvi. 12:]) this is accord. to the saying that the عِشَآء is from the prayer of sunset to the عَتَمَة. (TA.) عَشَاوَةٌ: see عَشًا.

عَشِىٌّ [The late part of the evening: or the evening: or the afternoon: i. e.] the last, or the latter, part of the day; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ: (K, TA:) this is the meaning commonly known: (Mgh:) or [the time] from the prayer of sunset to the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall]; (S, Msb, TA;) like عِشَآءٌ; (Msb;) and so ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ: you say, أَتَيْتُهُ عَشِىَّ أَمْسِ and أَمْسِ ↓ عَشِيَّةَ [I came to him late in the evening, or in the time between sunset and nightfall, &c., of yesterday]: (S, TA:) or عَشِىٌّ has the meaning expl. in the K [and mentioned above]; but ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ relates to one day: and one says, جِئْتُهُ عَشِيَّةً [I came to him late in an evening, &c.] and عَشِيَّةَ [late this evening, &c.], and أَتَيْتُهُ العَشِيَّةَ I came to him in the عشيّة [or late part of the evening, &c.,] of this day; and آتِيهِ عَشِىَّ غَدٍ [I will come to him in the late part of the evening, &c., of to-morrow (in my original اتيته, an obvious mistranscription,)] without ة when relating to the future; and أَتَيْتُكَ عَشِيًّا [I came to thee in the late part of an evening, &c.]; and أَتَيْتُهُ بِالغَدَاةِ وَالعَشِىِّ i. e. [I came to him early in the morning and late in the evening, &c., meaning,] every عَشِيَّة [or عَشِىّ] and غَدَاة: (TA:) or, as some say, ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ is a sing. [or n. un.] and عَشِىٌّ is its pl. [or a coll. gen. n.]: and, as IAmb says, sometimes the Arabs make ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ masc., as meaning عَشِىٌّ: (Msb:) or عَشِىٌّ signifies the time between the declining of the sun [from the meridian] and sunset: (Az, Mgh, Msb, TA:) or [the time] from the declining of the sun [from the meridian] to the صَبَاح [app. here, as generally, meaning morning]: (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA:) and sometimes it means the night: (TA:) the pl. is عَشَايَا and عَشِيَّاتٌ, (K, TA,) the former of which [is pl. of ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ, like the latter, or perhaps of عَشِىٌّ also, and] is originally عَشَايِوُ, then عَشَايِىُ, then عَشَائِىُ, then عَشَاءَى, and then عَشَايَا: (TA:) the dim, of عَشِىٌّ is ↓ عُشَيَّانٌ, irreg., as though formed from عَشْيَانٌ, and its pl. is عُشَيَّانَاتٌ; and another form of its dim. is ↓ عُشَيْشِيَانٌ, pl. عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٌ: and the dim. of ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ is ↓ عُشَيْشِيَةٌ, pl. عُشَيْشِيَاتٌ: (S, TA:) one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ عُشَيْشَةً

[another form of dim., properly meaning I met him in a short period of a late part of an evening, &c.], and [in like manner] ↓ عُشَيْشَانًا, and ↓ عُشَيَّانًا [in some copies of the K عشّانا], and ↓ عُشَيْشِيَةً

[accord. to the Mgh meaning عِشَآءً], and عُشَيْشَاتٍ, and عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٍ. (K.) صَلَاتَا العَشِىِّ [The two prayers of the afternoon] means the two prayers of the ظُهْر and the عَصْر; (Az, Mgh, Msb, K;) because they are in the latter part of the day (فِى آخِرِ النَّهَارِ), after the زَوَال [or declining of the sun from the meridian]. (TA.) In the phrase أَوْضُحَاهَا ↓ عَشِيَّةً [i. e. A late part of an evening, &c., or its early portion of the forenoon, meaning or an early portion of the forenoon of the same civil day], in the Kur lxxix. last verse, the ضحى is prefixed to [the pronoun referring to] the عشيّة because the ضحى and the عشيّة belong to the same [civil] day, [for this day is reckoned as the period from sunset to sunset,] (Ksh Bd, Jel, *) and also [by a kind of poetic license, for the sake of the rhyme, i. e.] because ضحاها occurs as a فَاصِلَة [q. v.]. (Jel.) b2: عَشِىٌّ also signifies, (K, TA,) and so does ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ, (K,) Clouds (K, TA) coming late in the evening or at eventide (عَشِيًّا). (TA.) b3: And the former, as an epithet applied to a camel, That continues long eating the عَشَآء

[i. e. evening-pasture, or evening-feed]: fem. with ة. (K. [See also عَشٍ.]) عَشِيَّةٌ: see عَشِىٌّ, in ten places.

عُشَيَّةٌ dim. of عَشْوَةٌ, q. v.

عُشَيَّانٌ, pl. عُشَيَّانَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ, in two places.

عُشَيْشَةٌ and عُشَيْشِيَةٌ, pls. عُشَيْشَاتٌ and عُشَيْشِيَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ; the latter in two places.

عُشَيْشَانٌ and عُشَيْشِيَانٌ, pl., of the latter عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ.

عَاشٍ: see عَشْيَانُ. The fem., عَاشِيَةٌ, applied to camels, means Eating the [evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called the] عَشَآء. (ISk, S, K.) It is said in a prov., العَاشِيَةُ تَهِيجُ الآبِيَةَ [Such as are eating the عشآء excite such as desire not, or refuse; or she that is eating &c.]: i. e., when the camels that desire not, or refuse, the عشآء see those that are eating it, they follow them, and eat it with them. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 83.]) And [the pl.] العَوَاشِى, (S, K, TA,) [when indeterminate, عَوَاشٍ,] as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (TA.) signifies Those (S, K, TA) camels, and sheep or goats, (K, TA,) that are pasturing by night. (S, K, TA.) b2: See also 1, former half. b3: [Hence,] عَاشِيَةٌ signifies also Anything [meaning any man or animal] looking and repairing, by night, towards the fire of a person who entertains guests. (TA.) أَعْشَى Weak-sighted: (Msb:) or sightless by night, but seeing by day: (S:) or having bad sight by night and by day: and so ↓ عَش: (K:) fem. عَشْوَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to a woman; (S, Msb;) [the masc. being applied to a man, and either masc. or fem. to a beast of the equine kind, and a camel, and a bird, (see عَشًا,)] and dual masc. أَعْشَيَانِ (TA) and fem. عَشْوَاوَانِ: (S, TA:) [and pl. عُشْىٌ.] b2: The fem. عَشْوَآءُ also particularly signifies. A she-camel that sees not before her, (S, K, TA,) [or that has weak sight,] and therefore strikes everything with her fore feet, (S, TA,) not paying attention to the places of her feet [on the ground]. (TA.) [Hence] one says, رَكِبَ فُلَانٌ العَشْوَآءَ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one prosecuted his affair without mental perception, or without certainty. (S, TA.) And خَبَطَهُ خَبْطَ عَشْوَآءَ (K, TA) (tropical:) He did it [at random, or] without aim; thus accord. to the M: (TA:) or be ventured upon it without mental perception, and without certainty: (K, * TA:) or, as some say, he took it upon himself without his endeavouring to ascertain the right course; the doing of which is sometimes, or often, attended with error: it is a prov., applied to him who goes at random and does not care for the result of his conduct. (TA. [See also 1 in art. خبط.]) b3: And عُقَابٌ عَشْوَآءُ An eagle that cares not how it beats the ground, and where it strikes with its talons. (TA.) b4: See also the fem. voce عَشْوَةٌ.

مُتَعَشًّى A place in which one eats the eveningmeal, or supper.] Quasi عشى عِشْىٌ: and عَشِىٌّ, &c.: see in art. عشو.

عيش

1 عَاشَ, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَيْشٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ (S, O, K.) and مَعِيشَةٌ and عِيشَةٌ and عَيْشُوشَةٌ (O, K) and in the dial. of El-Azd مَعُوشَةٌ, (K in art. عوش, and TA.) He lived; (S, A, * O, K;) [he passed life in a particular manner of state:] he became possessed of life. (Msb.) You say,. عَاشَ فُلَانٌ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةً Such a one lived a pleasant [life (if we regard عِيشَة as a simple inf. n., as it is said to be above,) or] state [or sort] of life. (A.) [See also عِيشَةٌ, below.]2 عَيَّشَ see 4 3 عايشهُ, inf. n. مُعَايَشَةٌ, He lived with him; like as you say عَاشَرَهُ. (TA.) 4 اعاشهُ He (God, S, A) made him to live; (S, A, O, * K;) as also ↓ عيّشهُ, (O, * K,) inf. n. تَعْيِيشٌ. (TA.) You say, اعاشهُ اللّٰهُ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةٌ [God made him to live a pleasant life, or state or sort of life]. (S.) 5 تعيّش He constrained himself to obtain the means of life: (S;) or he had what was barely sufficient, of sustenance, nothing remaining over and above it. (TA.) 6 تعايشوا [They lived together: one with another]. You say, تعايشوا بِأُلْفَةٍ وَمَوَدَّةٍ [They lived together with sociableness and affection, (A, TA.) عَيْشٌ [an inf. n. of 1. b2: As a subst.,] Life: (S, O, K;) or particularly animal life. (Kull p. 262.) It is said in a prove., أَنْتَ مَرَّةٌ عَيْشٌ وَمَرَّةٌ جَيْشٌ.

meaning, Thou act at one time in an easy state of life, and at one time in the state of life of warriors: (A 'Obeyd, as cited in the TA: [but for عَيْشِ غَزِىّ in my original, we should perhaps read عَيْشٍ عَزِيزٍ, i. e. a difficult state of life:) or thou benefitest at one time, and injurest at another (TA. And a man to whom IAar said “ How is such a one '”

answered عَيْشٌ وَجَيْشٌ, meaning At one time with me, and at one time against me. (TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 70 and ii. 699 b3: Also I. q. مَعِيشَةٌ, in senses pointed out below (K.) see the latter, in four places. b4: And [hence,] Wheat, or other food; syn. طَعَامٌ; (IDrd, A, O, K;) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (A.) or of El-Yemen: (IDrd, O, TA:) and seed-produce; in the dial. of El-Hijáz: (A, TA:) and bread; (K:) in the dial. of Egypt. (TA.) عِيشَةٌ [see 1, in two places. b2: ] A state, (A,) or sort. (TA,) of life. (A, TA.) You say, عَاشَ عِيشَةُ صِدْقٍ, and عِيشَةَ سَوْءٍ, He lived a good sort of life, and an evil sort of life. (TA.) عَيَّاشٌ: see the paragraph here following.

عَائِشٌ [Living:] having life: and in like manner, but in an intensive sense, (app. meaning having much of the means of life or living well.) ↓ عَيَّاشٌ: fem. of the former with ة. (Msb.) b2: A man in a good state or condition [of life] (Lth, A, O, K.) مَعَاشٌ and ↓ مَعِيشٌ may be used as substantives as well as inf. ns., like مَعَابٌ and مَعِيبٌ; (S, O, TA;) and signify, like مَعِيشَةٌ, That whereby one lives: or that [place and time] in which one lives: (TA:) [or rather, they have both these significations; but معاش has generally the latter. whereas معيشة, q. v., and معيش, are generally used in the former sense, or one similar to it:] مَعَاشٌ also signifies the place of subsistence; or the known, or usual, place thereof: and the time wherein one seeks sustenance. (TA.) Thus, (TA,) الأَرْضُ مَعَاشُ الخَلْقِ [The earth is the place of subsistence of mankind, or of the created beings]. (A, O, TA.) And النَّهَارُ مَعَاشٌ The day is the time for seeking sustenance: as in the Kur, lxxviii. 11. (O, TA.) See also مَعِيشَةٌ, in two places.

مَعِيشٌ: see مَعِيشَةٌ, in four places: and مَعَاشٌ.

مَعِيشَةٌ inf. n. of عَاشَ [q. v.]. (K.) b2: Also Victuals, living, sustenance, or food and drink by which one lives; (Lth, A, O, K;) as also ↓ عَيْشٌ; (A;) whence you say that dates are the عَيْش of such a family: (TA:) that whereby life subsists; the means of life or subsistence; (A, K;) as also ↓ عَيْشٌ: (A, TA:) that whereby one lives; as also ↓ عَيْشٌ (A, K, TA) and ↓ مَعَاشٌ and ↓ مَعِيشٌ; (TA;) or [the state] wherein one lives; (A, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَيْشٌ (A) and ↓ مَعَاشٌ and ↓ مَعِيشٌ: (TA:) the means of obtaining that whereby one lives: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA:) the gain, or earnings, by means of which a man lives; (Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ مَعِيشٌ: (Msb:) the pl. is مَعَايِشُ, (S, O, Msb,) accord. to general opinion, (Msb,) without ء, (S, O, Msb,) when formed from the original of the sing., which is مَعْيِشَةٌ, of the measure مَفْعِلَةٌ; (S, O;) or because it is from عَاشَ, so that the measure of the pl. is مَفَاعِلُ: (Msb:) but when it is formed from the secondary form of the sing., it is with ء, [مَعَائِشُ,] مَفْعِلَةٌ being in this case likened to فَعِيلَةٌ, like as مَصَائِبُ is with ء because the ى [in its sing.] is quiescent; but some of the grammarians hold this latter pl. to be incorrect: (S, O:) all the Basree grammarians hold it to be so: (TA:) or, accord. to some, ↓ مَعِيشٌ and مَعِيشَةٌ are from معش; and the pl. in question is therefore of the measure فَعَائِلُ, with ء. (Msb.) b3: مَعِيشَةٌ ضَنْكٌ The punishment of the grave: (O, K:) so, accord. to most of the expositors, in the Kur xx. 123: or, as some say, [strait sustenance] in the fire of hell. (O, TA.) مُتَعَيِّشٌ One who constrains himself to obtain the means of life: (TA:) or who has what is barely sufficient, of sustenance, nothing remaining over and above it. (Lth, A, O, K.)

حول

1 حَالَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ Msb, Er-Rághib,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K, Er-Rághib) [and حَوَلَانٌ], It (a thing) became altered, transmuted, or changed, (S, * Mgh, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) from its state, or condition, (S, Mgh,) or from its natural state or condition, and its constitution; as also ↓ استحال; (Msb;) i. q. ↓ تحوّل; (K:) which [here] signifies [as above; or] it became altered, transmuted, or changed, whether essentially or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ احال signifies the same: (K:) or this last is said of a man meaning مِنْ شَىْءٍ إِلَى شَىْءٍ ↓ تحوّل [he shifted, or turned, from one thing to another]: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) he became a Muslim: (IAar, K, TA:) for in this case one says of a man, عَمَّا كَانَ ↓ تحوّل يَعْبُدُ إِلَى الإِسْلَامِ [he turned from that which he was worshipping to El-Islám]. (IAar, TA.) b2: [Hence, also,] حال, inf. n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, i. q. احتال, q. v. (Ham p. 652.) b3: And حال and ↓ استحال It (anything) shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred; syn. تحوّل: or it moved; syn. تحرّك: so accord. to different copies of the K: or, accord. to the O, the former verb has both of these significations: (TA:) or it has the latter of these significations, said of a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen from a distance]: (S:) or both verbs signify it (anything) became altered, or changed, (M, K,) from straightness, or evenness, (K,) to crookedness, or unevenness. (M, K.) You say, حَالَتِ القَوْسُ The bow became crooked (K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; or in the curved extremity: (TA:) or reverted from the state into which it was brought by pressure [with the ثِقَاف], and became crooked in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; as also ↓ استحالت: (S, O:) and in like manner, الأَرْضُ عَنِ الاِسْتِوَآءِ إِلَى ↓ استحالتِ العِوَجِ [The ground became altered, or changed, from evenness to unevenness]: (S:) or [simply]

↓ استحالت it became uneven: (Msb:) [and الارض ↓ أَحَالَتِ (K in art. صمت) app. signifies the same:] or ↓ استحال signifies it (a thing) was disposed, or was about, to become altered, or changed. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And حال لَوْنُهُ Its colour altered, or changed, and became black. (S.) And حال It (a thing) shifted from its way, or manner, or direction. (TA.) And حال وَتَرُ القَوْسِ The string of the bow shifted from its place on the occasion of shooting: and حَالَتِ القَوْسُ وَتَرَهَا, [the bow shifted from its string.] (TA.) And حال مِنْ مَكَانِهِ, inf. n. حِوَلٌ, (O, TA,) or this is a simple subst., (S, M, K,) He, or it, shifted, or removed, from his, or its, place. (O, TA. [See حِوَلٌ, below.]) And حال إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخِرِ i. q. ↓ تحوّل [i. e. He, or it, shifted, or removed, or became shifted or transferred, to another place]. (S.) And حال عَنِ العَهْدِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, i. q. انقلب [i. e. He withdrew, or receded, from the covenant, compact, agreement, or engagement]. (S.) b4: حال فِى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, He leaped, and rode, upon the back of his horse; as also ↓ احال: (S:) or حال فِى ظَهْرِ دَابَّتِهِ he leaped, and seated himself firmly, upon the back of his beast; as also ↓ احال: (K, TA:) and حال عَلَى

الفَرَسِ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْلَةٌ, (K, * TA,) he seated himself firmly upon the horse. (K, * TA.) b5: حال صَبُوحُهُمْ عَلَى غَبُوقِهِمْ, Their morning-draught and their evening-draught became one, is said of people suffering from drought, and scarcity of milk. (TA.) b6: حال, (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. حَوْلٌ, (Msb,) said of a year (حَوْلٌ), (Mgh, K,) It passed: (Msb:) or it revolved and passed: (Mgh:) or it became complete. (K.) You say, حال عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ, (K,) The year passed over him, or it; [or he, or it, became a year old;] (S, K;) as also ↓ احال. (S.) And حال, alone, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ احال and ↓ أَحْوَلَ, (Msb,) The year passed over it. (Msb, TA.) And ↓ احال (S, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (S, TA) and ↓ احتال (K) A year passed over it; [or it became a year old;] (S, K, TA;) said of wheat, or food, and of other things: (S, TA:) and so حالت and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَتْ said of a دار [or house]: (S:) or حَالَتِ الدَّارُ and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَت and حِيلَ بِالدَّارِ years passed over the house: (K:) or the house became altered, or changed, and years passed over it: and in like manner one says, أَعَامَت and أَشْهَرَت. (TA.) and حال said of a boy, A year passed over him; [or he became a year old;] (S;) as also ↓ احول. (K.) And بِالمَكَانِ ↓ احال (Ks, S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (Ks, S, K) He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, a year in the place: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) or, as some say, a long time. (TA.) b7: حَالَتْ, inf. n. حِيَالٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِيَالَةٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K) and حُولٌ; (S;) and ↓ احالت, and ↓ حوّلت; (K;) said of a she-camel, (S, K,) &c., (K,) She did not conceive, or become pregnant, during a year, or two years, or some years: (K:) or she, having been covered by the stallion, did not become pregnant: (S, K:) or, said of a woman, and of a she-camel, she did not become pregnant. (Msb.) And حالت, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ احالت, (Mgh,) said of a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), It bore one year, and not another year: (Mgh, TA:) or did not bear, (S, Msb,) having been fecundated. (S.) b8: حال الشَّىْءُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ, (S, Er-Rághib,) or بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (Mgh, * K,) inf. n. حَيْلُولَةٌ, [originally حَيْوَلُولَةٌ,] (Mgh, Msb,) like كَيْنُونَةٌ [&c.], (Mgh,) and حُؤُولٌ (Mgh) and حَوْلٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) The thing intervened as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, (S, K, Er-Rághib, TA,) between me and thee, (S, Er-Rághib, TA,) or between the two things. (K.) You say, حال النَّهْرُ بَيْنَنَا The river intervened as a separation, or an obstacle, between us, preventing conjunction, or communication. (Msb.) and حال الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ [The thing intervened as an obstacle in the way to the thing]. (S voce اِعْتَرَضَ.) It is said in the Kur [viii. 24], وَاعْلَمُوا

أَنَّ اللّٰهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ المَرْءِ وَقَلْبِهِ [And know ye that God interveneth, or interposeth, between the man and his heart, or secret thoughts, or desire]: indicating that He turns him from his desire: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or that He possesses his heart, and turns it as He wills: (O, TA:) or that a man cannot believe nor disbelieve unless it be God's will: (Jel:) or, as some say, that God destroys a man; or reduces him to the vilest condition of life, in order that he may not know, after knowing, anything. (Er-Rághib, TA. [See other remote interpretations in the Ksh, and the Expos. of Bd.]) And in the same [xxxiv. 53], وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ مَا يَشْتَهُونَ [And an obstacle shall be made to intervene between them and that which they shall eagerly desire]. (TA.) b9: And حال الشَّىْءُ The thing poured out, or forth. (TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (S, K,) and حَالَتْ, inf. n. تَحَالُ, (K,) the latter, of the dial. of Temeem, accord. to Lth, (TA,) [but see what follows,] inf. n. حَوَلٌ; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and ↓ احولّت, (S, K,) inf. n. ↓ اِحْوِلَالٌ; (K;) His eye [squinted; i. e.] had the white apparent at the outer angle, and the black next the inner angle: (M, K:) or had the black turning towards the nose: (Lth, M, K:) or had one of the two blacks turned towards the nose, and the other towards the temple: (Mgh:) or had its black next the outer angle: or his eye was as though it looked towards the حِجَاج [or supraorbital bone]: or had the black inclining towards the outer angle: (M, K:) the first of which meanings is that commonly known: but some say that حَالَتْ signifies it was turned from its proper state: or it is anomalous: (TA:) the epithet applied to the man is ↓ أَحْوَلُ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ حَوِلٌ: and that applied to the eye is [the fem. of the former of these, i. e.] ↓ حَوْلَآءُ: (K:) the pl. of which, and of the masc., is حُولٌ. (Har p. 412.) 2 حوّلهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيلٌ, He altered it, transmuted it, or changed it, whether essentially, or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA:) [as also ↓ احالهُ.] b2: [Hence, He turned it over, or about, in his mind, considering what might be its results, and so managed it; namely, an affair; like قَلَّبَهُ.] You say, رَجُلٌ بَصِيرٌ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [A man who is knowing, skilful, or intel-ligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, &c.]. (S, TA.) And رَأْيَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ احال He altered, or changed, his opinion respecting the thing, or affair. (MA.) b3: He shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, from one place to another: (S, * Mgh, O, Msb, TA:) or حوّلهُ إِلَيْهِ he shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, to it, or him: (K:) and ↓ احالهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) [Hence,] حوّل الرِّدَآءَ, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He put the right side of the [garment called] رداء on the left: (Mgh:) or he shifted each extremity of the رداء to the place of the other. (Msb.) b4: He transferred, or transcribed, what was in it, namely, a book, or writing, to another, without doing away with the original form. (TA.) b5: He made it, or pronounced it to be, مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (K. [See also 4.]) b6: حوّل عَيْنُهُ: see 4.

A2: See also 5, in two places. b2: حَوَّلَتْ said of a she-camel &c., i. q. حَالَتْ: (K:) see 1.3 حاولهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُحَاوَلَةٌ (M, K, KL) and حِوَالٌ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوال,]) He desired it: (S, KL:) he sought it: (M, K, KL:) or he sought it by an artful contrivance or device; or by artful, or skilful, management; by turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object; syn. طَلَبَهُ بِحِيلَةٍ, (A,) or بِالْحِيلَةِ. (Har p. 326.) Aboo-Heiyeh En-Numeyree says, وَمَنْ يُحَاوِلُ شَيْئًا فِى فَمِ الأَسَدِ [And who will seek to get a thing in the mouth of the lion?] (Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 714.) and one says, حاول مِنْهَا الجِمَاعَ [He desired, or sought, of her, copulation, using blandishment, or artifice, for that purpose]. (T in art. رود, بِكَ أُحَاوِلُ occurring in a trad., means بك أُطَالِبُ [app. By means of Thee I seek, or demand, that which I want]. (Az, M, A, TA.) One says also, حَاوَلْتُهُ

أَنْ يَفْعَلَ الأَمْرَ [I sought, or endeavoured, to induce him to do the thing], and أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ [to leave it]. (A in art. دور.) And, of water, حاول أَنْ يَجْمُدَ (L and K in art. جمد) (assumed tropical:) It was about to congeal, or freeze; was at the point of congealing, or freezing. (TK in that art.) b2: حَاوَلْتُ لَهُ بَصَرِى

I looked sharply, or intently, at him; I cast my eyes at him. (ISd, K.) 4 احال, as an intrans. v.: see 1, in eighteen places. b2: تَجَنَّبَ رَوْضَةً وَأَحَالَ يَعْدُو [He withdrew from a meadow, and set to running,] is a prov., meaning he forsook abundance of herbage, or of the goods and conveniences and comforts of life, and preferred to it straitness, or difficulty. (S.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّوْطِ He set upon him with the whip, (S, MA, K,) يَضْرِبُهُ [striking him]: (S:) or he desired to strike him with the whip: or he struck him with the whip: (MA:) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِالسَّوْطِ, and بِالرُّمْحِ, [if احلته be not a mistranscription for أَحَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ, in the MS. from which I take this, as it may be inferred to be from what here precedes and follows,] I aimed at him with the whip, and with the spear, and set upon him with it: whence the saying, of him who has struck one at the point of death, and killed him, يُحِيلُ المَوْتَ عَلَى الضَّرْبِ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He makes death [as it were] to hang upon, and cleave to, striking; like as the spear is made to cleave to the مُحَال عَلَيْه, who is the person thrust, or pierced. (Msb.) El-Farezdak says, (S, TA,) addressing Hubeyreh Ibn-Damdam, (TA,) وَكُنْتَ كَذِئْبِ السَّوْءِ لَمَّا رَأَى دَمًا بِصَاحِبِهِ يَوْمًا أَحَالَ عَلَى الدَّمِ i. e. [And thou mast like the wicked wolf: when he saw blood upon his companion, one day,] he set upon the blood. (S, TA.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] حال عَلَيْهِ He reckoned him, or esteemed him, weak. (K.) b5: احال اللَّيْلِ Night poured upon the earth; (K;) and came on. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence but one.] b6: احال بِفُلَانٍ الخُبْزُ The bread fattened such a one; and in like manner one says of anything by which one becomes fat. (AA, TA.) b7: And احال He did, or said, what was مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Sgh, K. *) b8: And His camels did not conceive, or become pregnant, (AA, S, K,) during a year, or two years, or some years, (K,) having been covered. (S.) A2: As a trans. v.: see 2, in three places. b2: احال الغَرِيمَ He referred the creditor, from himself, [for the payment of what was due to him,] to another. (M, K.) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ I transferred his debt [i. e. the debt due to him from me] by making another person than myself responsible for it. (Msb.) and أَحَلْتُ زَيْدًا بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ I referred, or turned over, Zeyd, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, transferring the responsibility for the debt to the latter: in which case, I am termed ↓ مُحِيلٌ; and Zeyd is termed ↓ مُحَالٌ; and the other man, عَلَيْهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ, and عليه ↓ مُحْتَالٌ, and ↓ حَوِيلٌ; and the property, بِهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ: (Mgh:) and ↓ حَيِّلٌ, [originally حَوِيلٌ or حَيْوِلٌ,] also, is applied to him to whom the reference is made; and to him who accepts the reference; both together being termed حَيِّلَانِ. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) And you say, احال عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ [He referred a person to him for the payment of his debt]. (S.) And احال [alone] He transferred the debt for which he was responsible to the responsibility of another. (Har p. 59.) And أَحَلْتُ الأَمْرَ عَلَى زَيْدٍ [I turned over the affair to Zeyd;] I made the performance of the affair to be required restrictively of Zeyd. (Msb.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ المَآءَ He poured out the water upon it: (K:) or احال المَآءَ مِنَ الدَّلْوِ he poured forth the water from the bucket, and turned over the latter. (S.) b4: احال اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلَ [God made the year to pass over him, or it]: (Lh, TA:) or احال اللّٰه الحَوْلَ God made the year complete. (K, TA.) b5: احال الرَّجُلُ إِبِلَهُ العَامَ [The man made his she-camels to pass the year without becoming pregnant; or] the stallion did not cover the man's she-camels during the year. (Lh, TA.) b6: أَحْوَلَ عَيْنَهُ, (Ks, Lh, S,) or أَحَالَهَا, and ↓ حوّلها, (K,) He made his eye to be حَوْلَآءَ [i. e. squinting, &c.]. (Ks, Lh, S, K.) [See 1, last sentence.] b7: احال كَلَامَهُ He made his speech مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, or self-contradictory]. (S. [See also 2.]) A3: مَا أَحْوَلَ حِيلَكَ How fluctuating, and shifting, and varying, are thy evasions, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices! (Har p. 309.) b2: and مَا أَحْوَلَهُ How surpassing is he in the practice of evasions, shifts, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices; or in turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object! (Fr, S, K;) as also ما أَحْيَلَهُ. (Fr, S in art. حيل, and K.) 5 تحوّل: see 1, first sentence, in three places. [Hence,] تحوّل مُبْتَدِعًا [He turned innovator]. (O and K in art. بدع.) b2: It shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred, (S, Msb, K,) from one place to another, (S,) or from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ حوّل (S, * Msb, K *) [and حال and استحال, as shown above: see 1, near the beginning.] You say, تحوّل مِنْ مَكَانِهِ It shifted, &c., from its place. (Msb.) And تحوّل عَنْهُ It shifted from it to another. (K.) and تحوّل إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخَرَ i. q. حَالَ, q. v. (S.) and المَجَرَّةُ ↓ حَوَّلَتِ The Milky Way became in the midst of the sky; which it does in the summer, (Sh, K, TA,) when the season of heat comes on. (Sh, TA.) b3: See also 8, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, K,) or تحوّل حَالًا, (TA,) He carried a bundle upon his back. (S, K, TA.) And تحوّل الكِسَآءِ He put a thing in the [garment called] كساء, and then carried it on his back. (M, K.) b2: تحوّلهُ بِالمَوْعِظَةِ He sought to avail himself of the state in which he might be rendered prompt, or willing, to accept admonition. (AA, K.) 8 احتال عَلَيْهِ بِالدَّيْنِ [meaning He was referred, or turned over, to him for the payment of the debt] is from الحَوَالَةُ. (S, TA.) You say, احتال زَيْدٌ بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ Zeyd was referred, or turned over, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, to whom the responsibility for the debt was transferred. (Mgh.) b2: احتال said of a year; see 1. b3: احتال (S, MA, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ تحوّل (S, K) and تحيّل (K) signify the same, (S, K,) from الحِيلَةُ [q. v.]; (S;) and ↓ حَالَ, (Ham p. 652,) inf n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, (Ham ib. and K, *) also signifies the same as احتال; (Ham ib.;) which means He practised حِيلَة [i. e. an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient, &c.]: (MA, KL:) or he exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or shill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free mill, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) or he sought الحِيلَة i. e. [means of evading, or eluding, a thing, or of effecting an object, by] the exercise of art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs; by the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object. (Msb.) You say, احتال فِى الأَمْرِ and ↓ تحوّل [&c., He practised an evasion or elusion, &c., in the affair]. (K.) [And احتال عَلَيْهِ He practised an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, &c., against him. And احتال لِعِيَالِهِ He exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, for his family, or household.]

A2: اِحْتَوَلُوهُ They encompassed, or surrounded, him; or made him to be in the midst of them. (M, O, K.) 9 احوّلت عَيْنُهُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: [احوّلت الأَرْضُ: see 11.]10 استحال: see 1, in six places. b2: Also It (speech, or language, S, Msb, or a thing, TA) became مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, selfcontradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: استحالهُ He looked at it, (S, M, K,) namely, a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen at a distance], (S,) to see if it moved: (S, M, K:) as though he sought, or desired, its motion and change. (TA.) and استحال الجَهَامَ He looked at [the waterless clouds, or the clouds that had poured forth their water, to see if they changed or moved]. (TA.) b2: He reckoned it مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, &c.: see above]. (KL.) 11 احوالّت الأَرْضُ, (K, TA, [in the CK احوّلت,]) inf. n. اِحْوِيلَالٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The land became green, and its herbage stood erect, or became strong and erect. (K, TA.) [See حُوَلَآءُ.]

حَالٌ The state, condition, or case, (صِفَة,) of a thing; [considered as subject to change;] (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) or the quality, or manner of being, and state, or condition, of a man, (K, TA,) in respect of good or evil; (TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (K:) or the particular case, or predicament, of a man &c., in respect of changing events, in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and in the coventional language of the logicians, a fleeting, or quickly-transient, quality, such as accidental heat and cold and moisture and dryness; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (TA:) anything changing: (Ham p. 288:) the time in which one is; (Lth, K;) [the present time;] the end of the past, and the beginning of the future: and as a conventional term, [in grammar, the present tense: and (tropical:) the future: and also] a denotative of state of the agent or of the objective complement; [the former termed حَالٌ مِنَ الفَاعِلِ; and the latter, حَالٌ مِنَ المَفْعُولِ; and each said to be مَنْصُوبٌ عَلَى الحَالِ, i. e. put in the accus. case as a denotative of state, unless expressed by a complete proposition;] as [قَائِمًا] in the phrase زَيْدٌ فِى

الدَّارَ قَائِمًا [Zeyd is in the house, standing], and in ضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا قَائِمًا [I beat Zeyd standing]: (Ibn-El-Kemál, TA:) it is fem., like حَالَةٌ; (Msb;) and mase. ; (Msb, K;) but mostly fem.: (TA:) the pl. is أَحْوَالٌ and أَحْوِلَةٌ, (K,) [both properly pls. of pauc., but the former often used as a pl. of mult., and often signifying circumstances,] the latter anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ حَالَةٌ is حَالَاتٌ: (TA:) or ↓ حالة is the n. un. or sing. of حَالٌ and أَحْوَالٌ [and حَالَاتٌ], used in relation to a man. (S, O.) You say حَالٌ حَسَنٌ and حَسَنَةٌ [A good state or condition &c.; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ]. (Msb.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَالَاتُ and أَحْوَالُهُ The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune. (K.) [And اِفْعَلْهُ حَالًا and فِى الحَالِ Do thou it now, or immediately. And عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ In any case: a phrase of frequent occurrence. The phrase قَالَ لِسَانُ الحَالِ (assumed tropical:) The tongue of the case said, (often used by late writers,) means the case seemed to say.]

A2: A load, or burden: (Ham p. 299:) [whence, perhaps, خَفِيفُ الحَالِ (which see in what follows) as meaning (assumed tropical:) having a small family to maintain:] and hence, (Ham ib.,) a bundle, or bundle of clothes, (كَارَةٌ,) which is carried on the back (S, Ham ib.) by a man: (S:) or a thing that a man carries on his back, (ISd, O, K,) whatever it be. (ISd, TA.) b2: A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء in which one collects, or seeks and collects, dry herbage: (O, K:) or a garment, or piece of stuff, of which two ends are tied in a knot behind the flanks, and the other two ends over the head; in which one collects dry herbage; also called شُكْبَانٌ. (TA in art. شكب.) A3: A child's go-cart, by means of which he practises walking; (S, K *, TA;) resembling a small عَجَلَة; (S;) also called دَرَّاجَةٌ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) A4: The part of a horse that is the place of the لِبْد [or saddle-cloth]: or the line along the middle of the back: (K, TA:) or حَالُ مَتْنِ الفَرَسِ signifies the middle of the back of the horse; the place of the لِبْدِ. (S.) [See also its syn. حَاذٌ.] خَفِيفُ الحَالِ signifies the the same as خَفِيفُ الحَاذِ, (A in art. حوذ,) which means (tropical:) A man light of back; (S, A, L, Msb, all in art. حوذ;) i. e. having little property: and also having a small family to maintain; (L in that art. ;) or having little property and a small family to maintain; (L and K in that art. ;) like خَفِيفُ الظَّهْرِ. (A, L, Msb, all in that art.) A5: Black mud: (S, K:) from حَالَ “ it became altered, or changed. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad. that the حال of El-Kowthar is musk: (TA:) and in another, that Gabriel took of the حال of the river [Nile] and put it into the mouth of Pharaoh; (S, TA;) but here it has the meaning next following. (TA.) Black fetid mud; syn. حَمْأَةٌ. (K, and Ham p. 288.) And Soft earth. (K, and Ham ib.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) Weakness, and softness. (Ham ib.) b3: Stinking flesh-meat. (Ham ib.) b4: Hot ashes (IAar, K, and Ham ib.) b5: The leaves of the سَمُر [acacia, or mimosa, gummifera,] beaten and shaken off into a garment, or piece of cloth. (K.) b6: Milk. (M, K.) A6: In the dial. of Hudheyl, (IAar, TA,) A wife. (IAar, K.) حَوْلٌ A year; (S Msb, K, Er-Rághib, &c. ;) so termed in consideration of its changing, and of the revolution of the sun in its places of rising and setting; (Er-Rághib, TA;) or as being the period in which [certain] plants attain their complete strength: (El-Harállee, TA:) and even if it has not passed; because it will be [properly speaking] a حَوْل: an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc., but also used as a pl. of mult.,] أَحْوَالٌ (M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حُؤُولٌ and حُوُولٌ, (M, K,) the former with ء and the latter with و. (TA.) A2: Strength, power, might, or force; syn. قُوَّةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حِيلَةٌ [originally حِوْلَةٌ] (TA) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ, (K, TA,) or this last is a n. un. from حَوْلٌ: (TA:) it is in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: and hence the saying, in a trad., لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ العَلِىِّ العَظِيمِ [There is no strength nor power but in, or by means of, God, the High, the Great]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it here signifies motion; [see also حَوْلَةٌ;] and the meaning is, there is no motion nor power, or ability, but by the will of God: (AHeyth, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, there is no حول [i. e. changing, or turning, or receding,] from disobedience, nor قوّة [i. e. power] to obey, but by the accommodating, or disposing, of God. (Msb.) b2: See also حِيلَةٌ.

A3: حَوْلُ شَىْءِ The lateral, or adjacent, part to which a thing may shift, or remove: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the environs [of a thing]. (Msb.) You say, قَعَدُوا حَوْلَهُ, (S, K, *) or قَعَدْنَا حَوْلَهُ, the noun being in the accus. case as an adv. n. of place, i. e., [They sat, or we sat, around him, or it, or] in his, or its, environs; (Msb;) and ↓ حَوَالَهُ, and حَوْلَيْهِ, (S, K,) dual of حَوْل, (TA,) and ↓ حَوَالَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) dual of حَوَال, (TA,) and أَحْوَالَهُ, (ISd, K,) pl. of حَوْل, and used to give intensiveness to the meaning: (ISd, TA:) but you should not say حَوَالِيهِ. (S, Sgh.) And وَلَا عَلَيْنَا ↓ اَللّٰهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا [O God, be Thou around us as our protector, and not against us,] occurs in a trad. respecting prayer. (TA.) It is said, in the Expos. of the exs. cited as testimonies by Sb, that one sometimes says ↓ حَوَالَيْكَ and حَوْلَيْكَ, meaning Around thee, in every direction; dividing the surrounding parts into two; like as one says, أَحَاطُوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ, not meaning that any of the surrounding parts remained vacant. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَنْدَنَ.]

حَوَلٌ inf. n. of حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ. (S, K. [See 1, last sentence.]) A2: See also حَائِلٌ.

حَوِلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and see also 1, last sentence.

حُوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حَائِلٌ: b3: and حِيَالٌ.

حِوَلٌ Removal from one place to another, in a passive sense; a subst. from تَحَوَّلَ: (S, O, K:) and in an active sense; a subst. from حَوَّلَهُ; (K;) accord. to ISd, it is the latter [only]; (TA;) as also ↓ حَوِيلٌ. (K.) Hence, in the Kur [xviii. 108], لَا يَبْغُونَ عَنْهَا حَوْلًا [They shall not desire removal from it]

حَوُلَ (S, M, O, K:) or, as some say, it here means ↓ حِيلَةً; i. e. they shall not [desire to] practise, or seek to practise, any evasion from it to another abode. (TA.) b2: See also حِيَلةٌ [of which it is said to be both a syn. and a pl.]. b3: And see حُولَةٌ.

A2: Also A furrow, or trench, in the ground, in which palm-trees are planted in a row. (ISd, K.) حَالَةٌ; pl. حَالَاتٌ: see حَالٌ, in seven places.

حَوْلَةٌ Motion, or removal, (تَحَرُّكٌ or تَحَوُّلٌ, accord. to different copies of the K, the former being the reading in the TA,) and change of state. (K.) [See also حَوْلٌ. And see حَالَ عَلَى الفَرَسِ, of which it is the inf. n.] b2: See also حِيلَةٌ. b3: And see حَوْلٌ, as meaning قُوَّةٌ.

حُولَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also A wonder, or wonderful thing; pl. حُولٌ. (K: [but probably this should be حُوَلٌ, as below.]) b4: [It is also used as a pl., signifying Wonders.] Yousay, هٰذَا مِنْ حُولَةِ الدَّهِْ This is of the wonders of the age, or of time, or fortune; as also من ↓ حَوَلَانِهِ, and ↓ حِوَلِهِ [pl. of ↓ حِيلَةٌ], and ↓ حُوَلَائِهِ. (K, TA: the last, in one copy of the K, ↓ حُوَلَانِهِ, and in the CK ↓ حُوْلانهِ.) b5: An evil, or abominable, event or accident; (K, * TA;) a calamity, or misfortune: pl. حُوَلٌ: as in the saying, هُوَ حُولَةٌ مِنَ الحُوَلِ It is a calamity of calamities. (S, TA.) It is also used as an epithet; so that one says, جَآءَ بِأَمْرٍ حُولَةٍ [He did, or brought to pass, an evil, or abominable, thing]. (M, TA.) حِيلَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) originally حِوْلَةٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ حَوْلٌ (S, M, K) and حَيْلٌ and ↓ حِوَلٌ, (M, K,) which is also a pl. of the first, (K,) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ (K) and ↓ حُولَةٌ (Ks, TA) and ↓ حَوِيلٌ (M, K) and ↓ حَائِلَةٌ (Ham p. 652) and ↓ مَحَالَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَحَالٌ, (M, K,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ مَحِيلَةٌ, (Sgh, TA,) i. q. اِحْتِيَالٌ and تَحَوُّلٌ and تَحَيُّلٌ; (M, K; [see 8;]) [or A mode, or manner, of changing from one state to another, or of shifting from one thing to another; حِيلَةٌ being of the measure فِعْلَةٌ from حَالَ, like جِلْسَةٌ &c. from جَلَسَ &c.; or from تَحَوُّلٌ as syn. with حَالَ; (see what follows;) a mode, or means, of evading or eluding a thing, or of effecting an object; an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient;] a means of effecting one's transition from that which he dislikes to that which he likes; (KT, in explanation of the first word;) art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, (Msb, K,) in the management of affairs; i. e. the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in the mind, so as to find a way of attaining one's object; (Msb;) and excellence of consideration or deliberation; and ability to manage according to one's own free will, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, حِيلَةٌ signifies a means of attaining to some state concealedly; and it is mostly used of that in which is sin, or offence, or disobedience; but sometimes of that in the exercise of which is wisdom; and hence God is described as شَدِيدُ

↓ المَحَالِ, meaning strong in attaining, concealedly from men, to that in which is wisdom: accord. to Abu-l-Bakà, it is from التَّحَوُّلُ; because by it one shifts from one state to another, by a species of forecast, and gentleness, or delicacy, so as to change a thing from its outward appearance: (TA:) the pl. of حِيلَةٌ is حِوَلٌ and حِيَلٌ [which latter is the most common form, and also, as well as حِوَلٌ, said to be syn. with the sing.,] and حِيلَاتٌ. (K.) One says, لَا حِيلَةَ لَهُ [He has no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. (TA.) [and مَا بِيَدِى حِيلَةٌ I have no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. And ↓ المَرْءُ يَعْجِزُ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Man becomes impotent: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) مِنْهُ ↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ means لَا بُدَّ [There is no avoiding it, or escaping it]. (S, * K.) One says, المَوْتُ آتٍ

↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Death comes: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) See also حِوَلٌ. b2: And see حُولَةٌ: b3: and حَوْلٌ. b4: [عِلْمُ الحِيَلِ The science of mechanics.]

حُوَلَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوْلِىٌّ A solid-hoofed animal in his first year: (S, O:) or a solid-hoofed animal, &c., a year old; a yearling: (K:) it is applied in this sense to a camel: and also to a plant: (TA:) and so ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحِيلٌ applied to wheat, or food, &c.: (S, O:) and ↓ مُحْوِلٌ applied to a boychild: (K:) or, as some say, this signifies in the state of childhood; not limited to a year old: (TA:) the fem. of حَوْلِىٌّ is حَوْلِيَّةٌ: pl. [masc. حَوَالِىٌّ; and] fem. حَوْلِيَّاتٌ. (S, K.) حَوْلِىٌّ الغَضَا Young trees of the kind called غَضًا. (TA.) حِيَلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حُوَلَآءُ and حِوَلَآءُ, the latter like عِنَبَآءُ and سِيَرَآءُ, which are the only other words of this measure, (S, K,) accord. to Kh, (S,) [The membrane that encloses the she-camel's fœtus in the womb;] to the she-camel, like the مَشِيمَة (K, TA) to the woman; (TA;) i. e., (K,) a skin (S, K) of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خَضْرَآء), full of water, (K,) which comes forth with the fœtus, containing أَغْرَاس [pl. of غِرْس, q. v.], and having lines, or streaks, which are red, and of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خُضْر): (S, K:) or it comes forth after the fœtus, in the first سَلَى; and is the first thing that comes forth therefrom: so says ISk: and the word is sometimes used in relation to a woman: (TA:) or, accord. to Az, the water that comes forth upon the head of the fœtus, [i. e.] at the birth: (S:) or a membrane like a large bucket, which is full of water, and bursts when it falls upon the ground: then comes forth the سَلَى; and a day, or two days, after that, the صَآءَة. (TA.) Hence the saying, نَزَلُوا فِى مِثْلِ حُوَلاءِ النَّاقَةِ, (K,) and فى مثل حولاء السَّلَى, (TA,) (tropical:) They alighted amid abundance of water and green herbage. (K, * TA.) and رَأَيْتُ أَرْضًا مِثْلَ الحولاءِ (tropical:) I saw land having dark green herbage. (TA.) A2: See also حُولَةٌ.

حَوَلَان and حُوَلَان and حُوْلَان: see حُولَةٌ.

حُولَلٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in four places.

حَوَلْوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوَالٌ The changing, or varying, of time, or fortune. (K.) A2: حَوَالَهُ, and حَوَالَيْهِ, and حَوَالَيْنَا, and حَوَالَيْكَ: see حَوْلٌ.

حِوَالٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in two places.

حِيَالٌ [in the CK, erroneously, حَيال] The front of a thing, as meaning the part, place, or location, that is over against, opposite, facing, fronting, or in front; syn. قُبَالَةٌ. (K, and Mgh in art. حيل.) You say, قُمْتُ حِيَالَهُ I stood in front of him; in the part, place, or location, that was over against him, opposite to him, &c.; syn. قُبَالَتَهُ. (Msb in art. حيل.) And قَعَدَ حِيَالَةٌ and بِحِيَالِهِ He sat in front of him, over against him, opposite to him, facing or fronting him; syn. بِإِزَائِهِ. (S, K.) And هٰذَا حِيَالَ كَلِمَتِكَ This is opposite to thy saying; syn. مُقَابَلَةَ; in the accus. case, as an adv. n. of place: thus related by IAar from the Arabs: but one may also say حِيَالُ كَلِمَتِكَ [the opposite of thy saying], making the phrase to consist of an inchoative and an enunciative: so says ISd. (TA.) It is originally with و [in the place of the ى]. (S, O.) b2: عَلَى حِيَالِهِ [By himself or itself; independently]. You say, أَعْطِ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى

حِيَالَهُ Give thou to every one of them by himself; syn. على حِدَتِهِ; (S in art. وحد;) or بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Mgh in art. حيل.) And فَعَلْتُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَلَى

حِيَالِهِ I did everything by itself; syn. بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Msb in art. حيل.) A2: Also A string that is tied from the camel's بِطَان [or belly-girth] to his حَقَب [or hind girth], to prevent the حَقَب from going against the sheath of his penis: (K:) so, too, in the M: but in the O, as on the authority of AA, ↓ حُوَلٌ, like صُرَدٌ, signifies the string that is between the حَقَب and the بِطَان. (TA.) حَوِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] One who is responsible, or answerable. (K.) b3: And A witness. (K.) A2: See also حِوَلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also [Desire: or a seeking: or a seeking by an artful contrivance or device, or by artful or skilful management, to find a way of attaining an object:] a subst. from حَاوَلَهُ. (S, O, K.) حَوَالَةٌ The effecting a transition of one river, or rivulet, to another. (M, K.) [This is what is meant by the حوالة in المُزَارَعَة, mentioned in the Mgh, as “ customary in the cases of certain plants, as rice, and the بَاذِنْجَان, and in planting. ”] b2: The transfer of a claim, or of a debt, by shifting the responsibility from one person to another: (Mgh:) the transfer of a debt by shifting the responsibility of him who transfers it to him to whom it is transferred: (KT:) [a reference made by a debtor, of his creditor, to a debtor of the former, for the payment of what is owed by the former to the latter: an order for the payment of a debt, or of a sum of money, given by one person, upon another, to a third person: so in the present day:] a subst. (S, K) from أَحَالِ عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ, (S,) or from أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ, (Msb,) or from أَحَالَ الغَرِيمَ. (K.) [See 4.] b3: A responsibility; accountableness. (K.) حَوَالِىٌّ and حُوَالِىٌّ: see the next paragraph.

حُوَّلٌ, applied to a man, signifies بَصِيرُ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [i. e. Knowing, skilful, or intelligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, considering what may be their results, and so managing them]; (S, TA;) as also حُوَّلٌ قُلَّبٌ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) and قُلَّبٌ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, (TA, and so in a copy of the S,) and قُلَّبِىٌّ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, and ↓ حَوَّالٌ; (TA;) and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ signifies ↓ مُحْتَالٌ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free will, with subtilty; &c.; see the verb (8) of which مُحْتَالٌ is the part. n.]: (S:) or حُوَّلٌ and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ and ↓ حُوْلَةٌ and ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوْلٰى,] like سُكَّرِىٌّ, [in the CK like سَكْرىٰ,] and ↓ حَالِىٌّ and ↓ حُوَالِىٌّ and ↓ حَوَلْوَلٌ, signify شَدِيدُ الاِحْتِيَالِ [i. e. one who exercises great art, artifice, &c.]: (Sgh, K:) all of these forms are mentioned by ISd, except حُوْلَةٌ and حُوَّلِىٌّ: (TA:) accord. to some, قُلَّبٌ حُوَّلٌ signifies experienced, or expert, in affairs; or one who has been tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs: (Har p. 312:) and ↓ حَوِلٌ signifies the same as حُوَّلٌ; (Ham p. 34;) having much حِيلَة [i. e. art, artifice, &c.]: accord. to analogy, it should be [حَالٌ,] like مَالٌ and صَاتٌ as epithets applied to a man: (Idem pp. 530 and 531:) حَيَّالٌ, also, [in like manner,] signifies صَاحِبُ حِيلَةٍ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, &c., as above]; and so ↓ حِيَلِىٌّ [from حِيَلٌ, pl. of, or syn. with, حِيلَةٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ حَوْلْوَلٌ [mentioned above (in the CK, erroneously, in this instance, حَواوِل)] signifies also cunning, or intelligent, or skilful and knowing; and quick and sharp or vigorous or effective; syn. مُنْكَرٌ كَمِيشٌ; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) حَيِّلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph.

حُوَّلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ, in three places.

حَوَّالٌ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حَائِلٌ Altering, or being transmuted, or changing; or altered, or transmuted, or changed; [in any manner; and particularly] in colour; (K, TA;) and becoming, or become, black; applied to a bone, and any other thing. (TA.) b2: Anything [shifting, or moving, or] that has shifted, or moved, in فِى [app. a mistranscription for مِنْ from]) its place. (TA.) b3: A she-camel, and any female, not conceiving, or not becoming pregnant, during a year, (M, K,) or two years, (K,) or some years: (M, K:) or a she-camel not pregnant (S, Msb, K) after having been covered by the stallion; (S, K;) because denoting a change from what is usual; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and in like manner applied to a ewe, or she-goat; (TA;) and to a woman: (Msb:) pl. حِيَالٌ and حُولٌ (S, K) and حُوَّلٌ, (K,) and ↓ حُولَلٌ (M, K) is a quasi-pl. n.: (M, TA:) [whence,] حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٌ used as intensive epithets: or حَائِلٌ signifies not conceiving in one year, (K, TA,) when she has been covered: (TA:) and حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ, not conceiving during two years; (K;) not conceiving in the first year after having been covered, nor in the next following year; like عَائِطُ عُوطٍ and عِيطٍ and عُوطَطٍ: (S in art. عوط:) one says also, لَقِحَتْ عَلَى حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ [app. meaning She conceived after having failed to do so for two years; for it seems that in this case حول and حولل are inf. ns., or that the latter is a subst. having the sense of an inf. n.: see 1, and see also عُوطَطٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ signifies the same as حَائِلٌ. (K.) Also A palm-tree (Msb, K) that bears one year, and not another year: (K:) or not bearing. (Msb.) b4: The female young one of a camel, at the time of her birth: the male is termed سَقْبٌ: (S, K:) pl. حُولٌ and حَوَائِلُ. (TA.) One says, نُتِجَتِ النَّاقَةُ حَائِلًا حَسَنَةً [The she-camel brought forth a beautiful female young one]. (S.) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذَاكَ مَا أَرْزَمَتْ أُمُّ حَائِلٍ

[I will not do that as long as a mother of a female young camel utters her gentle yearning cry]. (S.) A2: Also, (Lth, Mgh, O, TA,) and ↓ حِوَالٌ (Lth, K) and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حَوَلٌ, (K,) A thing that intervenes as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things. (Lth, Mgh, * O, K.) One says, بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ هٰذَا حِوَالٌ, i. e. حَائِلٌ [This is a thing intervening as a separation, &c., between them two]; like حِجَازٌ and حَاجِزٌ. (Lth, O, TA.) حَائِلَةٌ: see حِيَلةٌ.

أَحْوَلُ; and its fem. حَوْلَآءُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: أَحْوَلُ مِنْ بَوْلِ الجَمَلِ [More wry than the urine of the he-camel]: because it does not come forth straight, but [backwards, and] inclining to one side: a prov. (TA.) b3: هُوَ أَحْوَلُ مِنْكَ He is one who has more حِيلَة [meaning art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, &c.,] than thou; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ أَحْيَلُ. (K.) And النَّاسِ ↓ هُوَ أَحْيَلُ [He is the most artful, cunning, ingenious, or skilful, of men]; originally أَحْوَلُ. (MF in art. رود: see أَرْوَدُ.) أَحْيَلُ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

تَحَاوِيلُ الأَرْضِ means أَنْ تُخْطِئَ حَوْلًا وَتُصِيبَ حَوْلًا, (O, K,) i. e. The leaving the land unsown one year, and sowing it another year: whereby the land is strengthened. (TK.) مَحَالٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see also مَحَالَةٌ, in three places.

مُحَالٌ; and مُحَالٌ عَلَيْهِ; and مُحَالٌ بِهِ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: مُحَالٌ also signifies [Absurd; inconsistent; self-contradictory;] comprising two contradictories; as when one speaks of one body in two places in one case [or time]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) that cannot be conceived as existing in reality: (TA:) i. q. بَاطِلٌ [as meaning untrue, or unreal]; (Msb, TA;) impossible; that cannot be: (Msb:) perverted; turned from its proper way or manner of being; (K;) applied to speech; (S, K;) as also ↓ مُسْتَحِيلٌ. (K.) مُحْوِلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ: b2: and see also حَوْلِىٌّ, in two places.

مُحِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also A woman that brings forth a boy next after a girl; or the reverse: and in like manner applied to a she-camel; as also ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ: (Ks, Sgh, K:) and accord. to some, ↓ مُتَحَوِّلٌ [if not a mistranscription for مُحْوِلٌ or مُحَوِّلٌ] signifies a she-camel that brings forth one year a male, and another year a female. (TA.) b3: See also حَوْلِىٌّ.

مَحَالَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in four places. b2: Also A machine (مَنْجَنُون, Lth, K) over which [passes the rope whereby] water is drawn: (Lth, TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) a great بَكْرَة [or sheave of a pulley], (S in art. محل, and K,) by means of which camels draw water: (S ubi suprà and TA:) [see سَانِيَةٌ:] pl. مَحَاوِلُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَالٌ. (K.) b3: The vertebræ; as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: (K: [in the CK, الفَقَارِ is erroneously put for الفَقَارُ:]) or the latter has this meaning; and the former signifies a single vertebra: and the م may be radical: (M, TA:) pl. مَحَالَاتٌ. (T in art. ملح.) b4: The middle (وَاسِط, as in the M and O; in the K, erroneously, وَاسِطَة, TA) of the back; (M, O, K;) as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: but accord. to some, the م is radical. (TA.) مَحِيلَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ.

مُحَوِّلٌ: see حَائِلٌ: b2: and مُحِيلٌ.

مِحْوَالٌ A man who says much that is مُحَال [or absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (Lth, K. *) مُحْتَالٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: أَرْضٌ مُحْتَالَةٌ (tropical:) Land upon which rain has not fallen. (TA.) b3: See also حُوَّلٌ.

مُتَحَوَّلٌ [pass. part. n. of تَحَوَّلَهُ.

A2: Also] an inf. n. of تَحَوَّلَ. (Ham p. 503.) A3: And A place to which one shifts, removes, or becomes transferred. (Idem ib.) مُتَحَوِّلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ.

رِجْلٌ مُسْتَحَالَةٌ A leg that is crooked in the two extremities of its shank. (M, O, TA.) In the K, رَجُلٌ is erroneously put for رِجْلٌ, and سَاقَيْهِ for سَاقِهَا. (TA.) And ↓ قَوْسٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ (S, K) and مُسْتَحَالَةٌ (K) A bow that is crooked (S, K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity, or in its curved extremity. (TA.) And ↓ أَرْضٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ Uneven ground: (S, TA:) or i. q. مُسْتَحَالَةٌ, (K,) which means land that has been left [unsown, or uncultivated,] a year, or years. (M, K.) مُسْتَحِيلٌ; fem. with ة: see the paragraph next preceding, in two places: b2: and see also مُحَالٌ.

A2: Also Full. (K.)