شهر وَقَالَ أَبُو عبيد: فِي حَدِيث النَّبِي عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام أَنه سُئِلَ: أَي الصَّوْم أفضل بعد شهر رَمَضَان فَقَالَ: شهر اللَّه الْمحرم. قَوْله: شهر اللَّه الْمحرم أرَاهُ [قد -] نسبه إِلَى اللَّه [تبَارك وَتَعَالَى -] وَقد علمنَا أَن الشُّهُور كلهَا لله [تَعَالَى -] وَلكنه إِنَّمَا ينْسب إِلَيْهِ عز وَجل كل شَيْء يعظم ويشرف وَكَانَ سُفيان بْن عُيَيْنَة يَقُول: إِن قَول اللَّه تَعَالَى: {وَاعْلَمُوْا اَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مَّنْ شَيْءٍ فَاَنَّ لِلهِ خُمُسَهُ} وَقَوله: {مَا أفاءَ اللهُ عَلى رَسُوْلِه مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقٌرَى فَلِلّهِ وَلِلرَّسُوْلِ} فنسب الْمغنم والفيء إِلَى نَفسه وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمَا أشرف الْكسْب إِنَّمَا هما بمجاهدة الْعَدو قَالَ: وَلم يذكر ذَلِك عِنْد الصَّدَقَة فِي قَوْله: {إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِيْنِ} وَلم يقل: لِلهِ وَلِلْفُقَرَاءِ لِأَن الصَّدَقَة أوساخ النَّاس واكتسابها مَكْرُوه إِلَّا للْمُضْطَر إِلَيْهَا.
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