عطن

1 عَطَنَتِ الإِبِلُ (S, Msb, K) or عَطَنَتِ الإِبِلُ عَلَى المَآءِ, (TA,) aor. ـِ and عَطُنَ, inf. n. عُطُونٌ, (S, Msb, K,) The camels lay down [at the water] after having satisfied their thirst; (S, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ عَطَّنَت: (K:) and العُطُونُ, (K, TA,) it is said, (TA,) signifies the resting, or the driving back to the nightly resting-place, a she-camel after her drinking: (K, TA:) or the bringing her back to the عَطَن [q. v.], waiting in expectation with her, because she did not drink the first time, (so in the K accord. to the TA, but in the CK, agreeably with the S, this last meaning is made to relate to 4, q. v.,) then offering her the water a second time: (K, TA:) or it signifies [agreeably with the first explanation above] her satisfying her thirst, then lying down: (K, * TA:) in which explanation, in [some of the copies of] the K, ثم تنرك is erroneously put for ثُمَّ تَبْرُك. (TA.) قَدْ عَطَنُوا مَوَاشِيَهُمْ occurs in a trad. as meaning They had rested, or had driven back to the nightly resting-place, their cattle. (TA.) A2: عَطَنَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K) and عَطُنَ, (K,) inf. n. عَطْنٌ, (S,) He took عَلْقَى, which is a certain plant, (S,) so says J, but, as 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh says, it is the غَلْقَة, a well-known plant, not the عَلْقَى, that is used for this purpose, (IB, TA,) [or perhaps عَلْقَى is a mistranscription for غَلْقَى, which is said in the K in art. غلق to be a syn. of غَلْقَةٌ,] or فَرْث [i. e. the feces thus termed], or salt, and threw the skin into it, and covered it over, in order that its wool might become dissundered and loose; after which it is thrown into the tan: (S:) or, as also ↓ عطّنهُ, he put the skin into the tan, and left it so that it became corrupt and stinking: (K:) or he sprinkled water upon it, (K, TA,) and folded it, (TA,) and buried it (K, TA) for a day and a night, (TA,) so that its hair (K, TA) or its wool, (TA,) became loose; in order that it might be plucked off; (K, TA;) and that it [the skin] might be then thrown into the tan, it being then stinking in the utmost degree: (TA:) or العَتْنُ signifies the putting [a skin] into the tan. (Az, TA.) A3: عَطِنَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. عَطَنٌ, (S,) said of a hide, It became stinking, and its wool fell off, in the process termed عَطْن [expl. above]: (Az, S, TA:) or it was put into the tan, and left so that it became corrupt and stinking: (K:) or water was sprinkled upon it, (K, TA,) and it was folded, (TA,) and buried (K, TA) for a day and a night, (TA,) so that its hair (K, TA) or its wool (TA) became loose; in order that it might be plucked off; (K, TA;) and that it [the skin] might be then thrown into the tan, it being then stinking in the utmost degree: (TA:) and ↓ انعطن signifies the same: (S, K:) or this signifies it (a skin) became loose in its wool without becoming corrupt. (AHn, TA.) 2 عطّن, inf. n. تَعْطِينٌ, He made for himself an عَطَن [q. v.]: (K, TA:) like as one says of a bird عشّش, meaning “ he made for himself an عُشّ ” [i. e. “ a nest ”]. (TA.) b2: عطّنت الإِبِلُ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: عطّن الجِلْدَ: see 1, near the middle.4 اعطن القَوْمُ means عَطَنَتْ إِبِلُهُمْ [The people, or party, had their camels lying down at the water after having satisfied their thirst: see 1, first sentence]. (S, K.) A2: اعطن الإِبِلَ He watered the camels and then made them to lie down [at the water]: (S, TA:) or he confined the camels at the water, and they lay down, after having come to it [and drunk], (K, TA,) in order that they might drink again: (TA:) this the Arabs do only in the intense heats of summer; not when the season becomes cool: (Msb:) or they do this only when the asterism of the Pleiades (الثُّرَيَّا) rises [auro-rally, i. e. about the middle of May, O. S.], and men return from the seeking after herbage to the places of waters, or of constant sources of water: they do so only on the day of the camels' coming to the water; and they cease not to do thus [when necessary] until the time of the [auroral] rising of Canopus (سُهَيْل [i. e. early in August, O. S.]), in the خَرِيف, [app. here meaning the period of the rain so called, (see the latter of the two tables in page 1254,)] after which they do it not, but the camels come to the water and drink their draught and return from the water: (Az, TA:) or اعطن الإِبِلَ signifies he brought back the camels to the عَطَن [q. v.], waiting in expectation with them, because they did not drink the first time. (So in the CK [agreeably with what here follows; but see 1, first sentence].) And one says, اعطن الرَّجُلُ بَعِيرَهُ The man brought back his camel to the عَطَن, waiting in expectation with him, he not having drunk. (S.) 7 إِنْعَطَنَ see 1, last sentence.

عَطَنٌ and ↓ مَعْطِنٌ (ISk, S, Mgh, Msb, K) or مَعْطَنٌ (TA [but this I find not elsewhere]) The usual abiding-place of camels: (K:) and also, (K, TA,) by predominance of usage, (TA,) or only, (Az, Msb, TA,) the place of camels, where they lie down, (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) at the water, (Az, S, TA,) or around the water, (Mgh, Msb,) or around the watering-trough, (K, TA,) in order that they may drink a second time, after the first draught, and then be sent back to the places of pasture to remain there during the intervals between the waterings; (S;) and likewise the places of sheep or goats, where they lie down around the water: (ISk, S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. of the former أَعْطَانٌ; and of the latter ↓ مَعَاطِنُ; (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) which latter pl. is used by the lawyers as meaning [generally] the places of lying down of camels. (Msb.) The [space called] حَرِيم [q. v.] of the well of the عَطَن is said to be forty cubits. (Mgh.) Prayer in the أَعْطَان of camels is forbidden, because the person praying is not secure from being hurt by them, and diverted from his prayer, and defiled by the sprinkling of their urine. (IAth, TA.) ضَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ بِعَطَنٍ [in which الأَرْضَ is understood after الابل] means The camels lay down [in a place by the water]: (S:) or satisfied themselves with drinking and then lay down around the water or by the watering-troughs, to be brought again to drink another time. (IAth, TA.) And one says, ضَرَبَتِ النَّاقَةُ بِعَطَنٍ The she-camel lay down [&c.]. (TA.) And ضَرَبَ النَّاسُ بِعَطَنٍ (assumed tropical:) The people's camels satisfied themselves with drinking until they lay down and remained in their place [at the water]; occurring in a trad.: (TA in art. ضرب:) or the people satisfied their thirst and then abode at the water. (K and TA in the present art.) b2: [Hence] one says, فُلَانٌ وَاسِعُ العَطَنِ وَالبَلَدِ, (S,) or رَحْبُ العَطَنِ, (K, TA,) (tropical:) Such a one is a person possessing much wealth; having an ample dwelling or place of abode; (K, TA;) endowed with extensive power or strength or might; or liberal, munificent, or generous. (S, K, TA.) A2: And العَطَنُ signifies العِرْضُ [app. as meaning Odour, from the same word as inf. n. of عَطِنَ said of a hide]: so in the saying of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, cited by Sh, طَاهِرُ الأَثْوَابِ يَحْمِى عِرْضَهُ مِنْ حَنَا الذِّمَّةِ أَوْ طَمْثِ العَطَنْ [Pure in conduct, or actions; he guards his honour, or reputation, from unseemliness in respect of that which should be held sacred, or inviolable, or filthiness of odour]. (TA) عَطِنٌ part. n. of عَطِنَ [q. v.] said of a hide. (S, TA.) [Hence,] أُهُبٌ عَطِنَةٌ Stinking hides. (TA.) عَطَنَةٌ a subst. from أَعْطَنَ الإِبِلَ [q. v., as such signifying The watering of camels and then making them to lie down at the water: or the confining of camels at the water, where they lie down, after having come to it and drunk]. (K.) A2: Also The place of [the operation termed]

العَطْن [inf. n. of عَطَنَ in the phrase عَطَنَ الجِلْدَ, q. v.]. (Az, TA.) عِطَانٌ Feces such as are termed فَرْث, or salt, which one puts in, or upon, a hide, [in preparing it for tanning,] in order that it may not stink. (K.) عَطِينٌ i. q. مَعْطُونٌ, q. v., applied to a skin. (K.) b2: And (hence, TA), as also ↓ عَطِينَةٌ, applied to a man, Stinking (K, TA) in the exterior of the skin: or the latter, blamed in respect of some foul affair. (TA.) عَطِينَةٌ: see what next precedes.

عَاطِنَةٌ, (S, K,) applied to a she-camel, (K,) or to camels, (S, Msb,) as also [the pls.] عَوَاطِنُ (S, Msb, K) and عُطُونٌ, (K,) but not عُطَّانٌ thus applied, (TA,) Lying down [at the water] after having satisfied her, or their, thirst. (S, Msb, * K.) b2: And عُطَّانٌ and عُطُونٌ and عَطَنَةٌ (K, TA) and عَاطِنُونَ (TA) [all pls. of عَاطِنٌ] Men who have alighted, or descended and abode, in مَعَاطِن [pl. of مَعْطِنٌ]. (K, TA.) مَعْطِنٌ; and its pl. مَعَاطِنُ: see عَطَنٌ.

مَعْطُونٌ A skin prepared for tanning in the manner signified by the phrase عَطَنَ الجِلْدَ, expl. above; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَطِينٌ. (K.)

طود

1 طَادَ, (aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْدٌ, TK,) It (a thing, TK) was, or became, firm, or steadfast. (Fr, L, K.) 2 طوّد, (S, L, K,) inf. n. تَطْوِيدٌ and تَطْوَادٌ; and ↓ تطوّد; (K;) He went round about much, or often, syn. طَوَّفَ (S, L, K) and طَوَّحَ, (S,) فِى

الجِبَالِ in the mountains: (S:) or the former, he went round about much, or often, in the countries to seek the means of subsistence. (IAar, L.) And one says also, طوّد بِنَفْسِهِ [He went round about &c. by himself], and بِفُلَانٍ [with such a one]. (L.) A2: طوّدهُ, inf. n. تَطْوِيدٌ, He (God) made it high, or tall. (A.) 4 اطاد He made, or rendered, firm, or steadfast: so accord. to Freytag; but he names no authority.]5 تَطَوَّدَ see 2.7 انطاد It rose, or ascended, in the air. (K.) طَادٌ Heavy: (K:) and ↓ طَادِىٌّ firm, or steadfast: (L:) or both signify heavy and firm or steadfast. (TA.) b2: Also the former, A stallion excited by lust. (K.) طَوْدٌ A mountain: (K:) or a great mountain (S, A, L, K) rising high into the sky: (A:) or i. q. هَضْبَةٌ [either as denoting a hill or mountain or a tract of sand: see the next sentence]: (IAar:) pl. أَطْوَادٌ (A, L, K) and طِوَدَةٌ. (K.) b2: And An elevated, or overlooking, tract of sand; (K, TA;) as also هَضْبَةٌ. (TA.) b3: And the pl. أَطْوَاد is applied by a poet to signify (tropical:) Camels' humps; as being likened to mountains because of their height. (IAar, L.) b4: اِبْنُ الطَّوْدِ means (assumed tropical:) The mass of rock (الجُلْمُودُ) that falls from the upper part of a mountain: (A, L, * K: *) or the echo. (A.) One says, أَسْرَعُ مِنِ ابْنِ الطَّوْدِ (assumed tropical:) Quicker, or swifter, than the mass of rock that falls &c.: or than the echo. (A.) طَادِىٌّ: see طَادٌ.

مَطَادَةٌ A desert, or waterless desert, far-extending: (K:) pl. مَطَاوِدُ. (TA.) And the latter (i. e. the pl.), Places of perdition; (K, TA;) it is like مَطَاوِحُ. (S, TA.) مُطَوِّدٌ Remote, or distant. (K.) بِنَآءٌ مُنْطَادٌ A lofty building, (K, TA,) rising high in the air. (TA.)

طرق

1 طَرْقٌ signifies The beating [a thing], or striking [it, in any manner, and with anything]; (K, TA;) this being the primary meaning: (TA:) or with the مِطْرَقَة, (K, TA,) which is the implement of the blacksmith and of the artificer [with which he beats the iron], and the rod, or stick, with which one beats wool [or hair] to loosen or separate it: (TA:) and the slapping (K, TA) with the hand. (TA.) You say, طَرَقَ البَابَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ, He knocked [or (as we say) knocked at] the door. (Msb.) طَرَقَ الصُّوفَ, (S, O, TA, *) or الشَّعَرَ, (TA,) aor. as above, (S, O,) and so the inf. n., (S, O, K,) He beat the wool, (S, O, K, TA,) or the hair, (TA,) with the rod, or stick, called مِطْرَقَة, (S, O,) to loosen it, or separate it: (S, * O, * TA:) or he plucked it [so as to loosen it, or separate it]. (K, TA.) اُطْرُقِى

وَمِيشِى, a prov., and occurring in a verse of Ru-beh, [originally addressed to a woman,] and [lit.] meaning Beat thou the wool with the stick, and mix the hair with the wool, is said to him who confuses or confounds, in his speech, and practises various modes, or manners, therein. (Az, TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 28.]) And you say also, طَرَقَ الحَدِيدَةَ He beat the piece of iron [with the مِطْرَقَة]: (Mgh, * Msb:) and ↓ طرّقها he beat it much, or vehemently. (Msb.) And طَرَقَهُ بِكَفِّهِ, inf. n. as above, He slapped him with his hand. (TA.) And طَرَقْتُ الطَّرِيقَ I travelled [or beat] the road. (Msb.) [And hence, app.,] طَرْقٌ signifies also The being quick of pace; [probably as an inf. n.;] or quickness of going along. (Sh, TA.) And طُرِقَتِ الأَرْضُ The ground was beaten so as to be rendered even, or easy to be travelled; and trodden with the feet. (TA.) And طَرَقَ الدَّوَابُّ المَآءَ بِالرِّجْلِ حَتَّى تُكَدِّرَهُ [The beasts beat the water with the foot so as to render it turbid, or muddy]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or طَرَقَتِ الإِبِلُ المَآءَ, (S, O, TA,) aor. as above, (O,) (tropical:) the camels staled and dunged in the water. (S, O, TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The coming by night; (K, TA;) because he who comes by night [generally] needs to knock at the door; as some say; (TA;) and so طُرُوقٌ [which is the more common in this sense]. (K, TA.) You say, طَرَقَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طُرُوقٌ, He came by night. (S.) أَتَانَا فُلَانٌ طُرُوقًا (assumed tropical:) Such a one came to us by night. (S.) and طَرَقَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ and طُرُوقٌ, (assumed tropical:) He came to the people, or party, by night. (TA.) And طَرَقَ أَهْلَهُ, (TA,) or طَرَقَ أَهْلَهُ لَيْلًا, (S, O,) inf. n. طُرُوقٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He came to his اهل [meaning wife] by night: (S, * O, TA:) the doing of which by him who has been long absent is forbidden by the Prophet. (O, TA. *) and طَرَقَ النَّجْمُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طُرُوقٌ, (assumed tropical:) The star, or asterism, rose: and of anything that has come by night, one says طَرَقَ. (Msb.) One says also, طُرِقَ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one was made an object of [or was visited by or was smitten by] nocturnal accidents or calamities. (TA.) And طَرَقَهُ الزَّمَانُ بِنَوَائِبِهِ (assumed tropical:) [Time, or fortune, visited him, or smote him, with its accidents, or calamities; or did so suddenly, like one knocking at the door in the night]. (TA.) And طَرَقَنِى خَيَالٌ (assumed tropical:) [An apparition, or a phantom, visited me in the night]. (TA.) And طَرَقَنِى هَمٌّ (assumed tropical:) [Anxiety came upon me; or did so suddenly, like one coming in the night]. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] طَرَقَ سَمْعِى

كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [Such a thing struck my ear]: and طُرِقَتْ مَسَامِعِى بِخَيْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [My ears were struck by good tidings]. (TA.) b3: Also The stallion's covering the she-camel; (Msb, K; *) and so طُرُوقٌ; (K, TA;) and طِرَاقٌ likewise [app. another inf. n. of طَرَقَ, as its syn. ضِرَابٌ is of ضَرَبَ]: (TA:) or his leaping her, (S, O, TA,) and covering her. (TA.) You say, طَرَقَ القَحْلُ النَّاقَةَ, (S, O, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (S, O, TA,) inf. n. طَرْقٌ, (Msb,) or طُرُوقٌ, (S) or both, (O, TA,) The stallion covered the she-camel: (Msb:) or leaped the she-camel, (S, O, TA,) and covered her. (TA.) b4: And [The practising of pessomancy;] i. q. ضَرْبٌ بِالحَصَى, (S, IAth, O, K,) which is performed by women, (IAth, TA,) or by a diviner; (K;) a certain mode of divination: (S:) or [the practising of geomancy; i. e.] a man's making lines, or marks, upon the ground, with two fingers, and then with one finger, and saying, اِبْنَىْ عِيَانْ أَسْرِعَا البَيَانْ: (Az, O, TA: [see this saying explained, with another description of the process, in the first paragraph of art. خط:]) or it is the making lines, or marks, upon the sand: (TA:) you say, طَرَقَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ, He made lines, or marks, with a finger, (&c.,) in divining. (JK.) [See the last sentence in art. جبت.] Also The diviner's mixing cotton with wool when divining. (Lth, K.) b5: And طَرَقْنَا النَّعْجَةَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ, We branded the ewe with the mark called طِرَاق. (ISh, O.) A2: طُرِقَ, (K, TA,) like عُنِىَ, (TA,) [inf. n., app., طَرْقٌ, q. v.,] (tropical:) He was, or became, weak in intellect, (K, TA,) and soft. (TA.) A3: طَرِقَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طَرَقٌ, (Fr, S, O, K,) He (a camel) had a weakness in his knees: (Fr, S, O, K: [see حَلَلٌ:]) or, said of a human being and of a camel, he had a weakness in the knee and in the arm or the fore leg: (TA:) or, said of a camel, he had a crookedness in the سَاق (Lth, * O, * K) of the kind leg, [app. meaning in the thigh,] without the [kind of straddling termed] فَحَج, and with an inclining in the heel. (Lth, O.) b2: [See also طَرَقٌ below.]

A4: طَرِقَ signifies also He drank turbid, or muddy, water, (O, K, TA,) such as is termed [طَرْقٌ and] مَطْرُوقٌ. (TA. [In the K it is said to be, in this sense, like سَمِعَ; which seems to indicate that the inf. n. is طَرْقٌ, not طَرَقٌ.]) 2 طرّق الحَدِيدَةَ: see 1, former half. b2: طرّق طَرِيقًا He made a road plane, or even, so that people travelled it [or beat it with their feet] in their passing along. (TA.) The saying لَا تُطَرِّقُوا المَسَاجِدَ means Make not ye the mosques to be roads [or places of passage]. (TA.) طَرَّقْتُ لَهُ is from الطَّرِيقُ: (S, O:) you say, طرّق لَهَا [app. referring to camels] He made for them a road, or way: (K:) or طرّق لَهُ he gave a way to, or admitted, him, or it. (MA.) b3: طَرَّقَتْ said of the [bird called] قَطَاة, peculiarly, (inf. n. تَطْرِيقٌ, O, K,) She arrived at the time of her egg's coming forth: (As, A'Obeyd, S, O, K:) or she (a قطاة) hollowed out in the ground a place wherein to lay her eggs: as though she made a way for them: so says A Heyth: but the verb may be similarly used of other than the قطاة, metaphorically; whence the saying, قَدْ طَرَّقَتْ بِبِكْرِهَا أُمُّ طَبَقْ i. e. (tropical:) Calamity [has prepared to bring forth her first-born]. (Az, TA.) [Hence, app.,] one says also, ضَرَبَهُ حَتَّى طَرَّقَ بِجَعْرِهِ [He beat him until he gave passage, or was about to give passage, to his ordure]. (As, S, O.) And طرّق لِى, inf. n. تَطْرِيقٌ, signifies أَخْرَجَ [app. meaning He gave forth, or produced, to me something]. (TA.) b4: طَرَّقَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا, said of a camel, means She brought forth with difficulty, her young one sticking fast, and not coming forth easily; and in like manner it is said of a woman: (As, S, O, K:) so in a verse of Ows Ibn-Hajar, cited voce نِفَاسٌ: (O:) or طرّقت said of a woman and of any pregnant female, means the half of her young one came forth, and then it stuck fast. (Lth, TA.) [Hence,] طرّق فُلَانٌ بِحَقِّى (tropical:) Such a one acknowledged my right, or due, after disacknowledging it. (As, S, O, K, TA.) b5: Accord. to Az, (TA,) طرّق الإِبِلَ means He withheld the camels from pasture, (S, O, K, TA,) or from some other thing: (S, O, TA:) Sh, however, says that he knew not this; but that IAar explained طَرَّفْتُ, with ف, as meaning “ I repelled. ” (TA.) b6: أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ فِى التَّطْرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) Such a one practised artifice and divination. (TA.) A2: طَرَّقْتُ التُّرْسَ I sewed the shield upon another skin: and طَرَّقْتُ النَّعْلَ, inf. n. تَطْرِيقٌ, I made the sole of two pieces of skin, sewing one of them upon the other. (Msb. [See also the next paragraph.]) 3 طَارَقْتُ النَّعْلَ [meaning I sewed another sole upon the sole] is an instance of a verb of the measure فَاعَلَ relating to the act of a single agent. (AAF, TA in art. خدع.) [See also 2, last sentence.] You say also, طارق الرَّجُلُ نَعْلَيْهِ, [inf. n. مُطَارَقَةٌ,] The man put one of his two soles upon the other and sewed them together. (As, TA.) And طارق بَيْنَ نَعْلَيْنِ He sewed one sole upon another. (S, O, K.) And طارق بين الثَّوْبَيْنِ, (S,) or بَيْنَ ثَوْبَيْنِ, (O, K,) and بين الدِّرْعَيْنِ, (TA,) i. q. طَابَقَ, (K,) or ظَاهَرَ, i. e. He put on himself one of the two garments, or one of two garments, [and one of the two coats of mail,] over the other. (S, O.) طُورِقَ is said of anything as meaning It was put one part thereof upon, or above, another; and so ↓ اِطَّرَقَ; (TA;) [and in like manner ↓ أُطْرِقَ; for] one says of shields, يُطْرَقُ بَعْضُهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ One of them is sewed upon another: (S, O, K:) and أُطْرِقَتْ بِالجِلْدِ وَالعَصَبِ They were clad [or covered] with skin and sinews. (S, O.) b2: طارق الغَمَامُ الظَّلَامَ The clouds followed upon the darkness. (TA.) b3: And طارق الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He practised, or took to, various modes, or manners, in speech; syn. تَفَنَّنَ فِيهِ. (TA.) 4 اطرقهُ فَحْلَهُ He lent him his stallion [camel] to cover his she-camels. (S, O, K.) b2: لَا أَطْرَقَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ, (O,) or عَلَيْهِ, (K, TA,) means (tropical:) May God not cause thee, or him, to have one whom thou mayest, or whom he may, take to wife, or compress. (O, K, TA.) b3: See also 3, latter part. b4: اطرق رَأْسَهُ He inclined his head [downwards]. (TA.) And أَطْرِقْ بَصَرَكَ Lower thine eyes towards thy breast, and be silent: occurring in a trad. respecting the looking unexpectedly [at one at whom one should not look]. (TA.) And أَطْرَقَ, alone, He bent down his head: (MA:) or he lowered his eyes, looking towards the ground; (S, O, K;) and sometimes the doing so is natural: (TA: [and the same is indicated in the S:]) and it may mean he had a laxness in the eyelids: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or he contracted his eyelids, as though his eye struck the ground: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and he was, or became, silent, (ISk, S, O, K,) accord. to some, by reason of fright, (TA,) not speaking. (ISk, S, O, K.) It is said in a prov., أَطْرِقٌ كَرَا أَطْرِقٌ كَرَا

إِنَّ النَّعَامَ فِى القُرَى

[Lower thine eyes karà: lower thine eyes karà: (كرا meaning the male of the كَرَوَان, a name now given to the stone-curlew, or charadrius ædicnemus:) verily the ostriches are in the towns, or villages]: applied to the self-conceited; (S, O;) and to him who is insufficient, or unprofitable; who speaks and it is said to him, “Be silent, and beware of the spreading abroad of that which thou utterest, for dislike of what may be its result: ” and by the saying انّ النعام فى القرى is meant, they will come to thee and trample thee with their feet: (O:) it is like the saying فَغُضِّ الطَّرْفَ. (S. [See also كَرَوَانٌ: and see also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 30-31.]) It is asserted that when they desire to capture the كرا, and see it from afar, they encompass it, and one of them says, أَطْرِقْ كَرَا إِنَّكَ لَا تُرَى [or لَنْ تُرَى (Meyd in explanation of the preceding prov.) i. e. Lower thine eyes, or be silent, karà: thou wilt not be seen:] until he becomes within reach of it; when he throws a garment over it, and takes it. ('Eyn, TA.) And أَطْرِقْ كَرَا يُحْلَبْ لَكَ [Lower thine eyes, or be silent, karà: milk shall be drawn for thee:] is [a prov., mentioned by Meyd,] said to a stupid person whom one incites to hope for that which is vain, or false, and who believes [what is said to him]. (O.) b5: One says also, اطرق إِلَى اللَّهْوِ (tropical:) He inclined to diversion, sport, or play. (IAar, K, TA.) b6: اطرق اللَّيْلُ عَلَيْهِ: see 8: b7: and اطرقت الإِبِلُ: see 6.

A2: اطرق الصَّيْدَ He set a snare for the beasts, or birds, of the chase. (TA.) b2: And hence, اطرق فُلَانٌ لِفُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one plotted against such a one by calumny, or slander, in order to throw him into destruction, or into that from which escape would be difficult. (TA.) 5 تطرّق إِلَى كَذَا He found a way to such a thing: (MA:) or he sought to gain access to such a thing. (Er-Rághib, TA.) 6 تَطَارُقٌ signifies The coming consecutively, or being consecutive. (TA.) You say, تطارقت الإِبِلُ The camels came following one another, the head of each. [except the first] being at the tail of the next [before it], whether tied together in a file or not: (TA:) or went away, one after another; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ اِطَّرَقَت; (O, K, TA;) in the S, incorrectly, ↓ أَطْرَقَت; (O, K, TA;) in mentioned in the K, in another part of the art., and there expl. as meaning the followed one another; but the verb in this sense is ↓ اِطَّرَقَت: (TA:) and, (O, K, TA,) as some say, (O, TA,) this last signifies they scattered, or dispersed, themselves upon the roads, and quitted the main beaten tracks: (O, K, TA:) As cited as an ex., (from Ru-beh, TA,) describing camels, (O,) شَتِيتَا ↓ جَآءَتْ مَعًا واطَّرَقَتْ meaning They came together, and went away in a state of dispersion. (S, O, TA.) And you say, تطارق الظَّلَامُ وَالغَمَامُ The darkness and the clouds were, or became, consecutive. (TA.) And تطارقت عَلَيْنَا الأَخْبَارُ [The tidings came to us consecutively]. (TA.) 8 اِطَّرَقَ: see 3. Said of the wing of a bird, (S, TA,) Its feathers overlay one another: (TA:) or it was, or became, abundant and dense [in its feathers]. (S, TA.) And اطّرقت الأَرْضُ The earth became disposed in layers, one above another, being compacted by the rain. (TA.) And اطّرق الحَوْضُ The watering-trough, or tank, had in it [a deposit of] compacted dung, or dung and mud or clay, that had fallen into it. (TA.) and اطّرق عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ, as in the O and L; in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَطْرَقَ; The night came upon him portion upon portion. (TA.) See also 6, in three places.10 استطرقهُ فَحْلًا He desired, or demanded, of him a stallion to cover his she-camels; (S, O, K;) like استضربهُ. (TA.) b2: And استطرقهُ He desired, or demanded, of him the practising of pessomancy (الضَّرْبَ بِالحَصَى), and the looking [or divining] for him therein. (K, * TA.) b3: And He desired, or demanded, of him the [having, or taking, a] road, or way, within some one of his boundaries. (TA.) b4: مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَسْتَطْرِقَ نَصِيبَ الآخَرِ, a phrase used by El-Kudooree, means Without his taking for himself the portion of the other as a road or way [or place of passage]. (Mgh.) And الاِسْتِطْرَاقُ بَيْنَ الصُّفُوفِ, a phrase used by Khwáhar-Zádeh [commonly pronounced KháharZádeh], means The going [or the taking for oneself a way] between the ranks [of the people engaged in prayer]: from الطَّرِيقُ. (Mgh.) And اِسْتَطْرَقْتُ

إِلَى البَابِ I went along a road, or way, to the door. (Msb.) [Hence a phrase in the Fákihet el-Khulafà, p. 105, line 15.] b5: [اسْتَطْرَقَتْ in a verse cited in the K in art. دد is a mistake for استطرفت, with فا: see 10 in art. طرب.]

طَرْقٌ [originally an inf. n., and as such app. signifying An act of striking the lute &c.: and hence,] a species (ضَرْبٌ) of the أَصْوَات [meaning sounds, or airs, or tunes,] of the lute: (TA:) or any صَوْت [i. e. air, or tune], (Lth, O, K, TA,) or any نَغْمَة [i. e. melody], (K, TA,) of the lute and the like, by itself: (Lth, O, K, TA:) you say, تَضْرِبُ هٰذِهِ الجَارِيَةُ كَذَا وَكَذَا طَرْقًا [This girl, or young woman, or female slave, plays such and such airs or tunes, or such and such melodies, of the lute or the like]. (Lth, O, K. *) b2: [Hence, probably,] عِنْدَهُ طُرُوقٌ مِنَ الكَلَامِ, sing. طَرْقٌ, a phrase mentioned by Kr; thought by ISd to mean He has [various] sorts, or species, of speech. (TA.) b3: See also طَرْقَةٌ, in four places.

A2: Also (tropical:) A stallion [camel] covering: (O, K, TA:) pl. طُرُوقٌ and طُرَّاقٌ: (TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [or an epithet]: (O, K, TA:) for ذُو طَرْقٍ. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The sperma of the stallion [camel]: (S, K:) a man says to another, أَعِرْنِى

طَرْقَ فَحْلِكَ العَامَ i. e. [Lend thou to me] the sperma, and the covering, (As, TA.) which latter is said to be the original meaning, (TA,) of thy stallion [camel this year]. (As, TA.) And it is said to be sometimes applied metaphorically to (assumed tropical:) The sperma of man: or in relation to man, it may be an epithet, [like as it is sometimes in relation to a stallion-camel, as mentioned above,] and not metaphorical. (TA.) And طَرْقُ الجَمَلِ means also The hire that is given for the camel's covering of the female. (TA in art. شبر.) A3: Also, and ↓ مَطْرُوقٌ, (tropical:) Water (S, O, K, TA) of the rain (S, O, TA) in which camels (S, O, K) and others [i. e. other beasts] have staled, (S,) or waded and staled, (S, * O, K, TA,) and dunged: (S, O, TA:) or stagnant water in which beasts have waded and staled: (Mgh:) and ↓ طَرَقٌ [expressly stated to be مُحَرَّكَة] signifies [the same, or] water that has collected, in which there has been a wading and staling, so that it has become turbid; (TA;) or places where water collects and stagnates (S, O, K, TA) in stony tracts of land; (TA;) and the pl. of this is أَطْرَاقٌ. (TA.) A4: طَرْقٌ also signifies A [snare, trap, gin, or net, such as is commonly called] فَخّ, (IAar, O, K,) or the like thereof; and so ↓ طِرْقٌ: (K: [by Golius and Freytag, this meaning has been assigned to طَرْقَةٌ; and by Freytag, to طِرْقَةٌ also; in consequence of a want of clearness in the K:]) or a snare, or thing by means of which wild animals are taken, like the فَخّ; (Lth, O;) and ↓ طَرَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) of which the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is ↓ طَرَقٌ, (S, K,) signifies [the same, or] the snare (حِبَالَة) of the sportsman, (S, O, K,) having [what are termed] كِفَف [pl. of كِفَّةٌ, q. v.]. (S, O) A5: And A palm-tree: of the dial. of Teiyi. (AHn, K.) A6: And (tropical:) Weakness of intellect, (K, TA,) and softness. (TA [See طُرِقَ.]) طُرْقٌ: see طَرْقَةٌ.

A2: [Also a contraction of طُرُقٌ, pl. of طَرِيقٌ, q. v.]

A3: And pl. of طِرَاقٌ [q. v.]. (K.) طِرْقٌ Fat, as a subst.: (S, O, K:) this is the primary signification. (S, O.) [See an ex. voce بِنٌّ.] b2: And Fatness. (AHn, K.) One says, هٰذَا البَعِيرُ مَا بِه طِرْقٌ i. e. This camel has not in him fatness, and fat. (AHn, TA.) It is said to be mostly used in negative phrases. (TA.) b3: And Strength: (S, O, K:) because it mostly arises from fat. (S, O.) One says, مَا بِهِ طِرْقٌ, meaning There is not in him strength. (TA.) The pl. is أَطْرَاقٌ. (TA.) A2: See also طَرْقٌ, last quarter.

طَرَقٌ: see طَرْقٌ, third quarter. b2: Also i. q. مُذَلَّلٌ [applied to a beast, app. to a camel,] meaning Rendered submissive, or tractable; or broken. (TA.) A2: It is also pl. of ↓ طَرَقَةٌ, [or rather is a coll. gen. n. of which the n. un. is طَرَقَةٌ,] (S, O, K,) which latter signifies A row of bricks in a wall, or of other things, (S, O,) or [particularly] of palm-trees. (As, TA.) b2: Also, ↓ the latter, [as is expressly stated in the TA, and indicated in the S and O, (آثارُ and بَعْضُهَا in the CK being mistakes for آثارِ and بَعْضِهَا,)] The foot-marks [or track] of camels following near after one another. (S, O, K.) You say, وَاحِدَةٍ ↓ جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ عَلَى طَرَقَةٍ The camels came upon one track [or in one line]; like as you say, عَلَى خُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ. (S, O. [See also a similar phrase voce مِطْرَاقٌ.]) And Aboo-Turáb mentions, as a phrase of certain of BenooKiláb, الإِبِلِ ↓ مَرَرْتُ عَلَى طَرَقَةِ and عَرَقَتِهَا, meaning I went upon the track of the camels. (TA.) b3: See also طَرْقٌ, last quarter.

A3: Also, i. e. طَرَقٌ, A duplicature, or fold, (ثِنْى, in the CK [erroneously] ثَنْى,) of a water-skin: (S, O, K:) and أَطْرَاقٌ is its pl., (S, O,) signifying its duplicatures, or folds, (S, O, K,) when it is bent, (O,) or when it is doubled, or folded, (S, K,) and bent. (S.) b2: And أَطْرَاقُ البَطْنِ The parts of the belly that lie one above another (K, TA) when it is wrinkled: pl. of طَرَقٌ. (TA.) b3: طَرَقٌ in the feathers of a bird is their Overlying one another: (S, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the A, it is softness and flaccidity therein. (TA.) b4: [Also inf. n. of طَرِقَ, q. v.]

طَرْقَةٌ A time; one time; syn. مَرَّةٌ; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ طَرْقٌ, (O, K,) and ↓ طُرْقَةٌ and ↓ طُرْقٌ. (K.) You say, اِخْتَضَبَتِ المَرْأَةُ طَرْقَةً, (S, O,) or طَرْقَتَيْنِ, (S,) or ↓ طَرْقًا, (K,) or ↓ طَرْقَيْنِ, (O, K,) [&c.,] i. e. [The woman dyed her hands with hinnà] once, or twice. (S, O, K.) And أَنَا آتِى, فُلَانًا فِى اليَوْمِ طَرْقَتَيْنِ, (S, K,) and ↓ طَرْقَيْنِ, (O, K,) &c., (K,) i. e. (tropical:) [I come to such a one in the day] twice. (S, O, TA.) And هُوَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ

بِعِشْرِينَ طَرْقَةً (assumed tropical:) [He is better than such a one by twenty times]. (A, TA.) A2: طَرْقَةُ الطَّرِيقِ meansThe main and middle part, or the distinct [beaten] track, of the road. (TA.) b2: And هٰذِهِ النَّبْلُ طَرْقَةُ رِجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ [These arrows are] the work, or manufacture, of one man. (S, O, K. *) A3: See also طِرِّيقَةٌ.

طُرْقَةٌ i. q. طَرِيقٌ, q. v. (K.) b2: And sing. of طُرَقٌ signifying The beaten tracks in roads; and of طُرُقَات in the phrase طُرُقَاتُ الإِبِلِ meaning the tracks of the camels following one another consecutively. (TA.) b3: Also A way, or course, that one pursues (طَرِيقَةٌ) to a thing. (K.) b4: and (assumed tropical:) A custom, manner, habit, or wont. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا زَالَ ذٰلِكَ طُرْقَتَكَ (assumed tropical:) That ceased not to be thy custom, &c. (S, O.) b5: And A line, or streak, (طَرِيقَةٌ,) in things that are sewed, or put, one upon another. (K, * TA: [المُطارَقَةُ in the CK is a mistake for المطارقةِ:]) as also ↓ طِرْقَةٌ. (K.) b6: And A line, or streak, in a bow: or lines, or streaks, therein: pl. طُرَقٌ: (K:) or its pl., i. e. طُرَقٌ, has the latter meaning. (S, O.) b7: And Stones one upon another. (O, K.) A2: Also Darkness. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) One says, جِئْتُهُ فِى طُرْقَةِ اللَّيْلِ [I came to him in the darkness of night]. (TA.) A3: And i. q. مَطْمَعٌ [app. as meaning Inordinate desire, though it also means a thing that is coveted], (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or طَمَعٌ [which has both of these meanings]. (K.) [That the former is the meaning here intended I infer from the fact that Sgh immediately adds what here follows.] b2: IAar says, (O,) فِى فُلَانٍ

طُرْقَةٌ means In such a one is تَخْنِيث [i. e., app., a certain unnatural vice; see 2 (last sentence) in art. خنث]: (O, TA:) and so فِيهِ تَوْضِيعٌ. (TA.) A4: See also طَرْقَةٌ.

A5: Also Foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding. (O, K.) A6: [Freytag adds, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, that it signifies also A prey (præda).]

طِرْقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طَرَقَةٌ: see طَرَقٌ, in four places: b2: and see also طَرْقٌ, last quarter. b3: One says also, وَضَعَ الأَشْيَآءَ طَرَقَةً طَرَقَةً i. e. He put the things one upon another; and so ↓ طَرِيقَةً طَرِيقَةً. (TA.) طُرَقَةٌ (tropical:) A man who journeys by night in order that he may come to his أَهْل [meaning wife] in the night: (S, O, TA:) or one who journeys much by night. (L in art. خشف.) طِرَاقٌ (of which طُرْقٌ is the pl. [app. in all its senses]) Any sole that is sewed upon another sole so as to make it double, (S, * O, K,) matching the latter exactly: (O, K:) [this is called طِرَاقُ نَعْلٍ; for it is said that] طِرَاقُ النَّعْلِ signifies that with which the sole is covered, and which is sewed upon it. (S.) b2: And The skin [meaning sole] of a sandal, (Lth, O, K,) when the [thong, or strap, called] شِرَاك has been removed from it. (Lth, O.) El-Hárith Ibn-Hillizeh [in the 13th verse of his Mo'allakah, using it in a pl. sense,] applies it to the Soles that are attached to the feet of camels: (TA:) or he there means by it the marks left by the طراق of a she-camel. (EM p. 259.) And A piece of skin cut in a round form, of the size of a shield, and attached thereto, and sewed. (O, K.) b3: And Anything made to match, or correspond with, another thing. (Lth, O, K.) b4: Iron that is expanded, and then rounded, and made into a helmet (Lth, O, K) or a [kind of armlet called]

سَاعِد (Lth, O) and the like. (Lth, O, K.) and Any قَبِيلَة [i. e. plate, likened to a قبيلة of the head,] of a helmet, by itself. (Lth, O.) and Plates, of a helmet, one above another. (TA) b5: رِيشٌ طِرَاقٌ Feathers overlying one another. (S.) And طَائِرٌ طِرَاقُ الرِّيشِ A bird whose feathers overlie one another. (TA.) A2: Also A brand made upon the middle of the ear of a ewe, (En-Nadr, O, K,) externally; being a white line, made with fire, resembling a track of a road: (En-Nadr, O:) there are two such brands, called طِرَاقَانِ. (TA.) A3: See also طِرِّيقَةٌ.

طَرِيقٌ A road, way, or path; syn. سَبِيلٌ; (S;) [i. e. a beaten track, being of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; and applied to any place of passage;] and ↓ طُرْقَةٌ signifies the same: (K:) [see also مُسْتَطْرَقٌ:] it is masc. (S, O, Msb, K *) in the dial. of Nejd, and so in the Kur xx. 79; (Msb;) and fem. (S, O, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz: (Msb:) the latter accord. to general usage: (MF:) [see زُقَاقٌ:] the pl. [of pauc.] is أَطْرِقَةٌ (S, Msb, K) with those who make the sing. masc. (Msb) and أَطْرُقٌ (O, K) with those who make the sing. fem. (TA) and [of mult.] طُرُقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and طُرْقٌ [of which see an ex. voce دِلَالَةٌ] (K) and أَطْرِقَآءُ, (O, K,) and طُرُقَاتٌ is a pl. pl. (Msb, K) i. e. pl. of طُرُقٌ. (Msb, TA.) b2: In the saying بَنُو فُلَانٍ

يَطَؤُهُمُ الطَّرِيقُ, accord. to Sb, الطَّرِيقُ is for أَهْلُ الطَّلرِيقِ: [the meaning therefore is, (assumed tropical:) The sons of such a one sojourn, or encamp, where the people of the road tread upon them, i. e., become their guests: (see more in art. وطأ:)] or, as some say, الطريق here means the wayfarers without any suppression. (TA.) b3: حَقُّ الطَّرِيقِ [The duty relating to the road] is the lowering of the eyes; the putting away, or aside, what is hurtful, or annoying; the returning of salutations; the enjoining of that which is good; and the forbidding of that which is evil. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer. See جَلَسَ.) b4: قَطَعَ الطَّرِيقَ [He intercepted the road] means he made the road to be feared, relying upon his strength, robbing, and slaying men [or passengers]. (Msb in art. قطع.) [And أَصَابَ الطَّرِيقَ means the same; or, as expl. by Freytag, on the authority of Meyd, He was, or became, a robber.] b5: [Hence,] اِبْنُ الطَّرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) The robber [on the highway]. (T in art. بنى.) b6: [But أَهْلُ طَرِيقِ اللّٰهِ means (assumed tropical:) The devotees.] b7: أُمُّ طَرِيقٍ, thus correctly in the 'Eyn, [and shown to be so by a verse there cited, q. v. voce عَسْبٌ,] (assumed tropical:) The hyena: erroneously written by Sgh, ↓ امّ طُرَّيْقٍ; and the author of the K has copied him in this instance accord. to his usual custom. (TA.) b8: See also أُمُّ الطَّرِيقِ and أُمَّةُ الطَّرِيقِ in art. ام. b9: بَنَاتُ الطَّرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) The branches of the road, that vary, and lead in any, or every, direction. (TA.) b10: طَرِيقٌ signifies also The space between two rows of palm-trees; as being likened to the طَرِيق [commonly so called] in extension. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b11: أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ فِى الطَّرِيقِ means the same as أَخَذَ فِى التَّطْرِيقِ [expl. before: see 2, near the end]. (TA.) b12: طَرِيقٌ as syn. with طَرِيقَةٌ: see the latter word, first sentence. b13: [بِالطَّرِيقِ الأَوْلَى is a phrase of frequent occurrence, app. post-classical; lit. By the fitter way; meaning with the stronger reason; à fortiori: see an ex. in Beyd xlii. 3, and De Sacy's Anthol. Gr. Ar. p. 467.]

A2: Also A sort of palm-tree. (TA.) b2: See also طَرِيقَةٌ (of which it is said to be a pl.), last sentence.

طُرَيْقٌ: see أُطَيْرِقٌ.

طَرُوقَةٌ A she-camel covered by the stallion; of the measure فَعُولَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (Msb.) طَرُوقَةُ الفَحْلِ means The female of the stallion [camel]. (S, O.) And (S, O) A she-camel that has attained to the fit age for her being covered by the stallion: (S, O, Msb, K:) it is not a condition of the application of the term that he has already covered her: (Msb:) or a young, or youthful, she-camel that has attained to that age and kept to the stallion and been chosen by him. (TA.) And one says to a husband, كَيْفَ طَرُوقَتُكَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) How is thy wife? (TA:) every wife is termed طَرُوقَةُ زَوْجِهَا, (O,) or طروقة بَعْلِهَا, (Msb,) or طروقة فَحْلِهَا; (K, * TA;) which is thought by ISd to be metaphorical. (TA.) b2: One says also, نَوَّخَ اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ طَرُوقَةً

لِلْمَآءِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) God made, or may God make, the land capable of receiving the water [of the rains so as to be impregnated, or fertilized, or soaked, thereby]; expl. by جَعَلَهَا مِمَّا تُطِيقُهُ. (S in art. نوخ.) [See also a verse cited in art. سفد, conj. 4.]

طَرِيقَةٌ A way, course, rule, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like, (syn. مَذْهَبٌ, S, TA, and سِيرَةٌ, and مَسْلَكٌ, TA,) of a man, (S, TA,) whether it be approved or disapproved; (TA;) as also ↓ طَرِيقٌ, which is metaphorically used in this sense: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [like مَذْهَبٌ, often relating to the doctrines and practices of religion: and often used in post-classical times as meaning the rule of a religious order or sect:] and meaning also a manner of being; a state, or condition; (syn. حَالَةٌ, S, or حَالٌ, O, K;) as in the saying, مَا زَالَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى طَرِيقَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ [Such a one ceased not to be in one state, or condition]; (S;) and it is applied to such as is good and to such as is evil. (O.) One says also, هُوَ عَلَى

طَرِيقَتِهِ [He is following his own way, or course]. (TA voce جَدِيَّةٌ.) لَوِ اسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ, in the Kur [lxxii. 16], means, accord. to Fr, [If they had gone on undeviating in the way] of polytheism: but accord. to others, of the right direction. (O.) [The pl. is طَرَائِقُ.] b2: [It is also used for أَهْلُ طَرِيقَةٍ: and in like manner the pl., for أَهْلُ طَرَائِقَ. Thus,] كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, in the Kur [lxxii. 11], means (assumed tropical:) We were sects differing in our desires. (Fr, S, O. [See also قِدَّةٌ.]) And طَرِيقَةُ القَوْمِ means (tropical:) The most excel-lent, (S, O, K, TA,) and the best, (S, O,) and the eminent, or noble, persons, (K, TA,) of the people: (S, O, K, TA:) and you say, هٰذَا رَجُلٌ طَرِيقَةُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) [This is a man the most excellent, &c., of his people]: and هٰؤُلَآءِ طَرِيقَةُ قَوْمِهِمْ and طَرَائِقُ قَوْمِهِمْ (tropical:) These are [the most excellent, &c., or] the eminent, or noble, persons of their people: (S, O, K, * TA:) so says Yaakoob, on the authority of Fr. (S, O, TA.) وَيَذْهَبَا بِطَرِيقَتِكُمُ المُثْلَى, in the Kur [xx. 66], means [And that they may take away] your most excellent body of people: (O:) or your eminent, or noble, body of people who should be made examples to be followed: and Zj thinks that بطريقتكم is for بِأَهْلِ طَرِيقَتِكُم: (TA:) or, accord. to Akh, the meaning is, your established rule or usage, and your religion, or system of religious ordinances. (O, TA.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) The way, or course, of an event: and hence,] طَرَائِقُ الدَّهْرِ means (assumed tropical:) The vicissitudes of time or fortune. (TA.) b4: [And (assumed tropical:) The air of a song &c.: but this is probably post-classical.] b5: Also A line, streak, or stripe, in a thing: (K, TA:) [and a crease, or wrinkle; often used in this sense:] and [its pl.] طَرَائِقُ signifies the lines, or streaks, that are called حُبُك, of a helmet. (TA.) The طَرِيقَة [or line] that is in the upper part of the back: and the line, or streak, that extends upon [i. e. along] the back of the ass. (TA.) [A vein, or seam, in a rock or the like. A track in stony or rugged land &c. A narrow strip of ground or land, and of herbage.] An extended piece or portion [i. e. a strip] of sand; and likewise of fat; and [likewise of flesh; or] an oblong piece of flesh. (TA.) b6: [Hence, app.,] ثَوْبٌ طَرَائِقُ A garment old and worn out [as though reduced to strips or shreds]. (Lh, K.) b7: ذَاتُ طَرَائِقَ and فِيهَا طَرَائِقُ are phrases used, the latter by Dhu-r-Rummeh, in describing a spear-shaft (قَنَاة) shrunk by dryness [app. meaning Having lines, or what resemble wrinkles, caused by shrinking]. (TA.) b8: And طَرَائِقُ signifies also The last remains of the soft and best portions of pasturage. (TA.) b9: And The stages of Heaven; so called because they lie one above another: (TA:) [for] السَّمٰوَاتُ سَبْعُ طَرَائِقَ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ

[The Heavens are seven stages, one above another]; (Lth, O, TA:) and they have mentioned [likewise] the stages of the earth [as seven in number: and of hell also: see دَرَكٌ]. (TA.) See also طَرَقَةٌ. b10: Accord. to Lth, (O, TA,) طَرِيقَةٌ signifies also Any أُحْدُورَة, (so in the O and in copies of the K and accord. to the TA, and thus also in the JK,) or أُخْدُودَة, (thus accord. to the CK,) [neither of which words have I found in any but this passage, nor do I know any words nearly resembling them except أُحْدُور and أُخْدُود, of which they may be mistranscriptions, or perhaps dial. vars., the former signifying a declivity, slope, or place of descent, and the latter a furrow, trench, or channel,] of the earth or ground: (O, K, TA:) or [any] border, or side, (صَنِفَة,) of a garment, or piece of cloth; or of a thing of which one part is stuck upon another, or of which the several portions are stuck one upon another; and in like manner of colours [similarly disposed]. (O, TA.) b11: And A web, or thing woven, of wool, or of [goats'] hair, a cubit in breadth, (S, O, K, TA,) or less, (S, O, TA,) and in length four cubits, or eight cubits, (TA,) [or] proportioned to the size of the tent (S, O, K, TA) in its length, (S, O,) which is sewed in the place where the شِقَاق [or oblong pieces of cloth that compose the main covering of the tent] meet, from the كِسْر [q. v.] to the كِسْر; (S, O, K, TA;) [it is app. sewed beneath the middle of the tent-covering, half of its breadth being sewed to one شُقَّة and the other half thereof to the other middle شُقَّة; (see Burckhardt's

“ Bedouins and Wahábys,” p. 38 of the 8vo ed.;) and sometimes, it seems, there are three طَرَائِق, one in the middle and one towards each side; for it is added,] and in them are the heads of the tentpoles, [these generally consisting of three rows, three in each row,] between which and the طرائق are pieces of felt, in which are the nozzles (أُنُوف) of the tent-poles, in order that these may not rend the طرائق. (TA.) b12: Also A tent pole; any one of the poles of a tent: a خِبَآء has one طريقة: a بَيْت has two and three and four [and more]: and the part between two poles is called مَتْنٌ: (Az, TA in art. زبع:) or the pole of a [large tent such as is called] مِظَلَّة, (K, TA,) and of a خِبَآء. (TA.) b13: And A tall palm-tree: (K:) or the tallest of palm-trees: so called in the dial. of ElYemámeh: (AA, ISk, S, O:) or a smooth palmtree: or a palm-tree [the head of] which may be reached by the hand: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ طَرِيقٌ. (AA, ISk, S, O.) طِرَّاقٌ: see طِرْيَاقٌ.

أُمُّ طُرَّيْقٍ: see طَرِيقٌ, latter part.

طِرِّيقٌ means كَثِيرُ الإِطْرَاقِ [i. e. One who lowers his eyes, looking towards the ground, much, or often; or who keeps silence much, or often]; (Lth, O, K;) applied to a man: (Lth, O:) and ↓ مِطْرَاقٌ signifies [the same, or] one who keeps silence much, or often; as also ↓ مُطْرِقٌ [except that this does not imply muchness or frequency]. (TA.) b2: And The male of the [bird called] كَرَوَان; (Lth, O, K;) because, when it sees a man, it falls upon the ground and is silent. (Lth, O.) [See 4.] b3: أَرْضٌ طِرِّيقَةٌ Soft, or plain, land or ground; (O, K;) as though beaten so as to be rendered even, or easy to be travelled, and trodden with the feet. (TA.) طِرِّيقَةٌ [fem. of طِرِّيقٌ: see what next precedes.

A2: And also a subst., signifying] Gentleness and submissiveness: (S, O:) or softness, or flaccidity, and gentleness: (O, K:) and softness, or flaccidity, and languor, or affected languor, and weakness, in a man; as also ↓ طَرْقَةٌ and ↓ طِرَاقٌ. (TA.) One says, تَحْتَ طِرِّيقَتِكَ لَعِنْدَأْوَةٌ (S, O, K) i. e. Beneath thy gentleness and submissiveness is occasionally somewhat of hardness: (S, O, TA:) or beneath thy silence is impetuosity, and refractoriness: (TA:) or beneath thy silence is deceit, or guile. (K, voce عِنْدَأْوَةٌ, q. v.) طِرْيَاقٌ i. q. تِرْيَاقٌ [q. v.], (O, K,) as also دِرْيَاقٌ; (O;) and so ↓ طِرَّاقٌ. (O, K.) طَارِقٌ [act. part. n. of طَرَقَ; and, as such, generally meaning] Coming, or a comer, (S,) [i. e.] anything coming, (O, Msb,) by night: (S, O, Msb:) one who comes by night being thus called because of his [generally] needing to knock at the door: in the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib] said to signify a wayfarer (سَالِكٌ لِلطَّرِيقِ): but in the common conventional language particularly applied to the comer by night: its pl. is أَطْرَاقٌ, like أَنْصَارٌ pl. of نَاصِرٌ, [and app., as in a sense hereafter mentioned, طُرَّاقٌ also, agreeably with analogy,] and the pl. of [its fem.] طَارِقَةٌ is طَوَارِقُ. (TA.) [طَارِقُ المَنَايَا, like دَاعِى المَنَايَا, means The summoner of death, lit., of deaths; because death makes known its arrival or approach suddenly, like a person knocking at the door in the night.] b2: Hence الطَّارِقُ, mentioned in the Kur [lxxxvi. 1 and 2], The star that appears in the night: (Er-Rághib, O:) or the morning-star; (S, O, K;) because it comes [or appears] in [the end of] the night. (O.) b3: Hence the saying of Hind (S, O) the daughter of 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah, on the day [of the battle] of Ohud, quoting proverbially what was said by Ez-Zarkà

El-Iyádeeyeh when Kisrà warred with Iyád, (O,) لَا نَنْثَنِى لِوَامِقِ نَحْنُ بَنَاتُ طَارِقِ نَمْشِى عَلَى النَّمَارِقِ (assumed tropical:) [We are the daughters of one like a star, or a morning-star: we bend not to a lover: we walk upon the pillows]: (S, * O, * TA:) meaning we are the daughters of a chief; likening him to the star in elevation; (O, TA;) i. e. our father is, in respect of elevation, like the shining star: (S:) or بَنَاتُ طَارِقٍ means (assumed tropical:) The daughters of the kings. (T and TA in art. بنى.) b4: And طَارِقٌ signifies also [A diviner: and particularly, by means of pebbles; a practiser of pessomancy: or] one who is nearly a كَاهِن; possessing more knowledge than such as is termed حَازٍ: (ISh, TA in art. حزى:) طُرَّاقٌ [is its p., and] signifies practisers of divination: and طَوَارِقُ [is pl. of طَارِقَةٌ, and thus] signifies female practisers of divination: Lebeed says, لَعَمْرُكَ مَا تَدْرِى الطَّوَارِقُ بِالحَصَى

وَلَا زَاجِرَاتُ الطَّيْرِ مَا اللّٰهُ صَانِعُ [By thy life, or by thy religion, the diviners with pebbles know not, nor the diviners by the flight of birds, what God is doing]. (S, O.) طَارِقَةٌ [a subst. from طَارِقٌ, made so by the affix ة, (assumed tropical:) An event occurring, or coming to pass, in the night: pl. طَوَارِقُ]. One says, نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ طَوَارِقِ السَّوْءِ (tropical:) [We seek protection by God from] the nocturnal events or accidents or casualties [that are occasions of that which is evil]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And طَارِقَةٌ occurring in a trad. of 'Alee is expl. as signifying طَرَقَتْ بِخَيْرٍ [app. meaning An event that has occurred in the night bringing good, or good fortune]. (TA.) A2: Also A man's [small sub-tribe such as is called] عَشِيرَة, (S, O, K,) and [such as is called] فَخِذ. (S, O.) A3: And A small couch, (IDrd, O, K,) of a size sufficient for one person: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (IDrd, O.) A4: [El-Makreezee mentions the custom of attaching طَوَارِق حَرْبِيَّة upon the gates of Cairo and upon the entrances of the houses of the أُمَرَآء; and De Sacy approves of the opinion of A. Schultens and of M. Reinaud that the meaning is Cuirasses, from the Greek θώραξ: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., vol. i. pp. 274-5:) but I think that the meaning is more probably large maces; for such maces, each with a head like a cannon-ball, may still be seen, if they have not been removed within the last few years, upon several of the gates of Cairo; and if so, طَوَارِق in this case is app. from طَرَقَ “ he beat: ” see also عَمُودٌ.]

طَارِقِيَّةٌ A قِلَادَة [i. e. collar, or necklace]: (K:) [or rather] a sort of قَلَائِد [pl. of قِلَادَة]. (Lth, O.) أَطْرَقُ A camel having the affection termed طَرَقٌ, inf. n. of طَرِقَ [q. v.]: fem. طَرْقَآءُ: (S, O, K:) and the latter is said by Lth to be applied to the hind leg as meaning having the crookedness termed طَرَقٌ in its سَاق. (O.) أُطَيْرِقٌ and ↓ طُرَيْقٌ A sort of palm-tree of El-Hijáz, (AHn, O, K,) that is early in bearing, before the other palm-trees; the ripening and ripe dates of which are yellow: (O:) AHn also says, in one place, the اطيرق is a species of palm-trees, the earliest in bearing of all the palm-trees of El-Hijáz; and by certain of the poets such are called الطُّرَيْقُونَ and الأُطَيْرِقُونَ. (TA.) تُرْسٌ مُطْرَقٌ [A shield having another sewed upon it: or covered with skin and sinews]: (S:) and مَجَانُّ مُطْرَقَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) or ↓ مُطَرَّقَةٌ, (O, Msb, K,) Shields sewed one upon another; (S, O, K;) formed of two skins, one of them sewed upon the other; (Msb;) like نَعْلٌ مُطْرَقَةٌ a sole having another sole sewed upon it; as also ↓ مُطَارَقَةٌ: (S, O, K:) or shields clad [i. e. covered] with skin and sinews. (S, O.) كَأَنَّ وُجُوهَهُمُ المَجَانُّ المُطْرَقَةُ, or ↓ المُطَرَّقَةُ, occurring in a trad., (Msb, TA,) i. e. [As though their faces were] shields clad with sinews one above another, (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) having rough, or coarse, and broad, faces. (Msb, TA.) b2: And رِيشٌ مُطْرَقٌ Feathers overlying one another. (TA.) مُطْرِقٌ Having a natural laxness of the eye [or rather of the eyelids, and a consequent lowering of the eye towards the ground]: (S, O:) [or bending down the head: or lowering the eyes, looking towards the ground; either naturally or otherwise: (see its verb, 4:)] and silent, or keeping silence. (TA. See also طِرِّيقٌ.) b2: It is also applied as an epithet to a stallion-camel: and to a [she-camel such as is termed] جُمَالِيَّة [i. e. one resembling a he-camel in greatness of make], and, thus applied, [and app. likewise when applied to a stallion-camel,] it may mean That does not utter a grumbling cry, nor vociferate: or, accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, [quick in pace, for he says that] it is from طَرْقٌ signifying “ quickness of going. ” (Sh, TA.) b3: See also مِطْرَاقٌ, last sentence. b4: And, applied to a man, (tropical:) Low, ignoble, or mean, (K, TA,) in race, or parentage, or in the grounds of pretension to respect or honour. (TA.) A2: Also An enemy: from أَطْرَقَ فُلَانٌ لِفُلَانٍ expl. above [see 4, last sentence]. (TA.) مِطْرَقٌ: see the next paragraph.

مِطْرَقَةٌ The rod, or stick, with which wool is beaten, (S, O, K, TA,) to loosen it, or separate it; (S, * O, * TA;) as also ↓ مِطْرَقٌ. (O, K, TA.) And A rod, or stick, or small staff, with which one is beaten: pl. مَطَارِقُ: one says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالمَطَارِقِ He beat him with the rods, &c. (TA.) b2: and The implement [i. e. hammer] (S, Mgh, O, Msb) of the blacksmith, (S, O,) with which the iron is beaten. (Mgh, Msb.) ذَهَبٌ مُطَرَّقٌ Stamped, or minted, gold; syn. مَسْكُوكٌ. (TA.) b2: And نَاقَةٌ مُطَرَّقَةٌ [like مَطْرُوقَةٌ (q. v.)] (assumed tropical:) A she-camel rendered tractable, submissive, or manageable. (TA.) b3: And جُلٌّ مُطَرَّقٌ [A horse-cloth] in which are [various] colours [app. forming طَرَائِق, i. e. lines, streaks, or stripes]. (O.) b4: See also مُطْرَقٌ, in two places.

قَطَاةٌ مُطَرِّقٌ [thus without ة] A bird of the species called قَطًا that has arrived at the time of her egg's coming forth. (S.) [See also مُعَضِّلٌ.]

مِطْرَاقٌ: see طِرِّيقٌ.

A2: Also A she-camel recently covered by the stallion. (O, TA.) A3: And pl. of مَطَارِيق in the saying جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ مَطَارِيقَ (TA) which means The camels came in one طَرِيق [i. e. road, or way]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the camels came following one another (S, O, K, * TA) when drawing near to the water. (O, K, TA. [See also a similar phrase voce طَرَقٌ.]) b2: [Hence,] مِطْرَاقُ الشَّىْءِ signifies That which follows the thing; and the like of the thing: (K:) one says, هٰذَا مِطْرَاقُ هٰذَا This is what follows this; and the like of this: (S, O:) and the pl. is مَطَارِيقُ. (S.) b3: And مَطَارِيقُ signifies also Persons going on foot: (K:) one says, خَرَجَ القَوْمُ مَطَارِيقَ The people, or party, went forth going on foot; having no beasts: and the sing. is مِطْرَاقٌ, (O,) or ↓ مُطْرِقٌ, ('Eyn, L, * TA, *) accord. to A 'Obeyd; the latter, if correct, extr. (TA.) مَطْرُوقٌ [pass. part. n. of طَرَقَ; Beaten, &c.].

هُوَ مَطْرُوقٌ means He is one whom every one beats or slaps (يَطْرُقُهُ كُلُّ أَحَدٍ). (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A man in whom is softness, or flaccidity, (As, S, O, K, TA,) and weakness: (As, S:) or weakness and softness: (TA:) or softness and flaccidity: from the saying هُوَ مَطْرُوقٌ i. e. اصابته حادثة كتفته [which, if we should read كَتَفَتْهُ, seems to mean he is smitten by an event, or accident, that has disabled him as though it bound his arms behind his back; but I think it probable that كتفته is a mistranscription]: or because he is مصروف [app. a mistake for مَضْرُوب], like as one says مَقْرُوع and مَدَوَّخ [app. meaning beaten and subdued, or rendered submissive]: or as being likened, in abjectness, to a she-camel that is termed مَطْرُوقَةٌ [like مَطَرَّقَةٌ (q. v.)]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) مَطْرُوقَةٌ applied to a woman means [app. Soft and feminine;] that does not make herself like a man. (TA.) [See also a reading of a verse cited voce مَطْرُوفٌ.] b3: Also (tropical:) Weak in intellect, (K, TA,) and soft. (TA.) b4: Applied to herbage, Smitten by the rain after its having dried up. (Ibn-'Abbád, L, K.) b5: See also طَرْقٌ, latter half. Applied to a ewe, مَطْرُوقَةٌ signifies Branded with the mark called طِرَاق upon the middle of her ear. (ISh, O, K.) مُطَارَقٌ: see its fem., with ة, voce مُطْرَقٌ.

مُسْتَطْرَقٌ (tropical:) i. q. سِكَّةٌ [app. as meaning A road, like طَرِيقٌ; or a highway]. (TA.) مُنْطَرِقَاتٌ Mineral substances. (TA.)

طعن

1 طَعَنَهُ بِالرُّمْحِ, aor. ـُ and طَعَنَ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter allowed by Fr as aor. of the verb in all its senses, (S, Msb,) because of the faucial letter, (Msb,) and heard by him as aor. of the verb in this phrase, but not by Ks in this case nor in relation to the grounds of pretension to respect or honour, (TA,) inf. n. طَعْنٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and مَطْعَنٌ, (Msb,) and Lth authorizes طَعَنَانٌ also in this case as well as in the case of طَعَنَ بِالقَوْلِ, (TA,) He smote him and pierced him, or he smote him and he pierced him, [for it does not always signify the causing the weapon to enter,] with the spear; (K;) he pierced him, smote him, or wounded him, with the spear: (MA:) [sometimes طَعَنَهُ means he pierced, stabbed, stuck, or gored, him with a spear, &c.; and sometimes, he thrust, goaded, or poked, him:] you say, طَعَنَ الدَّابَّةَ بِعُودٍ أَوْ نَحْوِهِ [He goaded the beast with a stich or the like]. (Mgh and Msb in art. نخس.) b2: [Hence,] طُعِنَ (tropical:) He was smitten by the طَاعُون i. e. plague, or pestilence; (Z, Msb, K, TA;) said of a man, (Msb, TA,) and of a camel. (TA.) b3: And طَعَنَ فِيهِ بِالقَوْلِ, (S, Msb, K,) and عَلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) and طَعَنَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ, (TA,) [and طَعَنَ فِى عِرْضِهِ,] aor. ـُ (Lth, TA,) or, accord. to some, in this case طَعَنَ, (TA,) or both, (Msb,) inf. n. طَعْنٌ and طَعَنَانٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA, [the latter in the CK, erroneously, طَعْنَان, but expressly said in the TA to be بِالتَّحْرِيك,]) (tropical:) [He wounded him, or attacked him, with words, and with his tongue; and wounded, or attacked, his reputation;] he blamed, censured, or reproached, him; attributed or imputed to him, charged him with, or accused him of, a vice, fault, or the like; or spoke against him. (Msb, TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Aboo-Zubeyd, (TA,) وَأَبِى ظَاهِرُ الشَّنَآءَةِ إِلَّا طَعَنَانًا وَقَوْلَ مَا لَا يُقَالٌ [And my father is one in whom hatred is manifest, (or, as in the TA, المُظْهِرُ العَدَاوَةَ, he who manifests enmity,) except in censuring, and saying what should not be said]. (S.) طَعَنَانٌ is of a measure of inf. ns. of verbs denoting that in which is prolongation and perseverance; and aptly applies to deviation from the right course. (TA.) b4: طَعَنَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ is said of a child, meaning He raised his head [or thrust with it] towards the breast of his mother. (L.) b5: And طَعَنَ فِى الدَّارِ, said of a branch of a tree, (L, Msb,) means It inclined into, or against, the house, rising: (L:) or it inclined towards the house, extending sideways. (Msb.) b6: طَعَنَتْ فِى الخِدْرِ, said, in a trad., of any one of the Prophet's daughters, when demanded in marriage, as denoting her disapproval, means (assumed tropical:) She entered within the خِدْر [or curtain]: or, as some say, she struck the خدر with her hand. (TA in art. خدر.) b7: And you say, طَعَنَ فِى الــمَفَازَةِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and طَعَنَ, (S,) inf. n. طَعْنٌ, (Msb,) (tropical:) He went away in, or into, the desert, (S, Msb, K, TA,) penetrated into it, (TA,) and traversed it. (So in a copy of the S.) b8: And طَعَنَ اللَّيْلَ (tropical:) He journeyed throughout the whole of the night. (K, TA.) One says, خَرَجَ يَطْعُنُ اللَّيْلَ (tropical:) He went forth journeying in the night. (TA.) And طَعَنَ بِالقَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) He journeyed by night with the people, or party. (TA.) b9: And طَعَنَ فِى السِّنِّ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S,) (assumed tropical:) He became old, or advanced [or far-advanced] in age: (Msb:) or he rose (شَخَصَ) in age. (TA.) b10: And طَعَنَ فِيهِ means also (assumed tropical:) He began it, or entered upon it, namely, a thing, (Msb, TA,) or an affair, of any kind. (Msb.) Hence one says of a woman, طَعَنَتْ فِى الحَيْضَةِ, for طعنت فى أَيَّامِ الحَيْضَةِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) She entered upon the days of the menstruation. (Msb.) b11: طَعَنَ فِى العِنَانِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S,) said of a horse, means (tropical:) He strained the rein [by thrusting forward his head], and hastened, or was quick, (تَنَشَّطَ, so in copies of the S, in the K تَبَسَّطَ,) in going, or pace. (S, K, TA.) b12: And طُعِنَ فِى

جِنَازَتِهِ means (assumed tropical:) He died; (Lth and Mgh and TA in art. جنز;) [lit. he was thrust into his bier:] or he was at the point of death: and طُعِنَ فِى نَيْطِهِ signifies the same. (TA in the present art.) 3 طَاْعَنَ see 6. b2: الطِّعَانُ is metonymically used as meaning المُجَامَعَةُ. (Har p. 601.) 6 تَطَاعَنُوا فِى الحَرْبِ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَطَاعُنٌ, (K, TA,) and accord. to the K طعنان, app. طَعَنَانٌ, [in the CK with the ع quiescent,] but correctly ↓ طِعِنَّانٌ, with two kesrehs and with a sheddeh to the ن, which is anomalous; and to this the K adds طِعَانٌ, with kesr, [in the CK written with fet-h,] but this is the inf. n. of ↓ طَاعَنُوا, not of تطاعنوا, as also مُطَاعَنَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اِطَّعَنُوا, (S, K,) of the measure اِفْتَعَلُوا; (S;) [They pierced, or thrust, one another in war:] Az says that التَّفَاعُلُ and الاِفْتِعَالُ scarcely ever signify otherwise than the participation of two agents. (TA.) 8 إِطْتَعَنَ see the next preceding paragraph.

طَعْنٌ: see what next follows.

طَعْنَةٌ [as an inf. n. of un., A single act of piercing or thrusting; i. e. a piercing thrust or a stab, or simply a thrust; with a spear or the like: and a wound made by piercing or thrusting with a spear or the like; i. e.] the effect of الطَّعْن: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ طَعْنٌ, thus used by a Hudhalee poet in the phrase طَعْنٌ جَوَائِفُ [spear-wounds penetrating into the interior of the body, or into a vital part]. (TA.) b2: [It is also an inf. n. of un. in other senses. b3: Golius assigns also to this word and to طِعْنَةٌ and طُعْنَةٌ, as from the K, the meaning of A woman of evil disposition: but this is evidently a mistake, and taken from an art, (next after the present one) in the K, in which الطَّعْثَنَةُ, there said to be بِالمُهْمَلَةِ وَالمُثَلَّثَةِ, is expl. as meaning “ the woman evil in disposition. ”]

طِعِنَّانٌ an anomalous inf. n. of 6, q. v. (TA.) طَعِينٌ: see مَطْعُونٌ, in two places.

طَعَّانٌ, (S, TA,) occurring in a trad., (S,) means Wont [to wound, or attack, the reputations of men;] to attack men with blame, censure, or reproach, and with backbiting, and the like: (TA:) it is for طَعَّانٌ فِى أَعْرَاضِ النَّاسِ [a phrase mentioned in the Msb]. (S, TA. *) طِعِّينٌ Skilled in piercing, or thrusting, [with the spear,] in war. (TA.) طَاعُونٌ (tropical:) An epidemic disease; (TA;) [i. e.] plague, or pestilence, syn. وَبَأ or وَبَآء, (K, TA,) by reason of which the air is vitiated, and by it the constitutions and the bodies are vitiated: (TA:) or the kind of وَبَأ with which men are smitten by the jinn, or genii: (TA voce وَبَأٌ, q. v.:) or a mortality in consequence of وَبَأ: (S, Msb:) pl. طَوَاعِينُ: (S, Msb, K:) it is a tropical term from الطَّعْنُ, because the طَوَاعِين are called by them رِمَاحُ الجِنِّ [the spears of the jinn, or genii]. (Z, TA.) مَطْعَنٌ is a noun of place [signifying A place of piercing or thrusting &c.]; as well as an inf. n. (Msb.) مَا فِيهِ مَطْعَنٌ means (assumed tropical:) There is not in him anything [for which his reputation is to be wounded, or attacked, or] for which he is to be blamed, censured, or spoken against: (TA in art. غمز:) and you say, لَهُ فِيهِ مَطْعَنٌ (assumed tropical:) [He has (meaning he finds) in him something for which his reputation may be wounded, &c.]: pl. مَطَاعِنُ. (TA in the present art.) مِطْعَنٌ: see what next follows.

مِطْعَانٌ One who pierces, or thrusts, the enemy much; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِطْعَنٌ: (K:) pl. of the former مَطَاعِينُ; (S, K;) and of the latter مَطَاعِنُ. (K.) مَطْعُونٌ Smitten and pierced [&c.; see 1, first sentence]; as also ↓ طَعِينٌ: (K:) Az says, (TA,) the pl. [of the latter] is طُعْنٌ, (K, TA,) and not طَعْنَى [like قَتْلَى]. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Smitten by the طَاعُون [i. e. plague, or pestilence]; (Msb, TA;) and so ↓ طَعِينٌ. (TA.)

حط

أ1 حَطَأَ He cast, or threw; syn. رَمَى [and, like this, trans. by means of بِ]. (K.) [Hence,] حَطَأَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ, (Az, S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَطْءٌ, (S,) He cast him, or threw him, down prostrate upon the ground: (Az, S, K:) or, with violence: one says, اِحْتَمَلَهُ فَحَطَأَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ [He raised him upon his back, and threw him down violently upon the ground]. (Lth, TA.) and حَطَأَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا She (a woman) cast forth her child from her womb. (TA in art. زكب.) and حَطَأَتِ القِدْرُ بِزَبَدِهَا The cooking-pot cast forth its froth, or scum, (S, TA,) in boiling. (TA.) And حَطَأَ بِسَلْحِهِ He cast forth his excrement, or ordure. (S.) And حَطَأَ [alone], aor. ـَ and حَطِاَ, He cast forth his excrement, or ordure, at once, (K, TA,) quietly, or gently. (TA.) And حَطَأَ, (K,) or حَطَأَ بِهَا, (S,) He broke wind, with a sound. (S, K.) b2: حَطَأَ بِهِ عَنْ رَأْيِهِ He turned him back from the opinion, or judgment, that he had formed. (IAth, K.) b3: حَطَأَهُ He struck him, or slapped him, on the back with his open hand: (S, K:) or struck him gently on the back with the palm of his hand: (S in art. لطح:) or slapped him on the back, or between the shoulders, or on the upper part of the side, or on the chest; (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA;) or on the back of the head: (Az, TA:) and he struck him, or beat him, (Sh, K, *) with his hand; (Sh, TA;) but it is said that the meaning is, he struck him on the back of the neck: (TA:) it also occurs without ء. (TA.) b4: حَطَأَهَا He lay with her. (S, K. *) حَطْأَةٌ A slap on the back [&c. (see the verb)] with the open hand. (S, TA.) It also occurs without ء, written حَطْوَةٌ. (TA.) حَطِىْءٌ, applied to a man, Low, ignoble, mean, or sordid. (Az, S, K.) You say also حَطِىْءٌ بَطِىْءٌ, using the latter word as an imitative sequent. (S.) حُطَيْئَةٌ, applied to a man, Ugly; or contemptible; or ugly in aspect and small in body: (Th, S, K:) or short. (S, K.)

حير

1 حَارَ, [sec. Pers\. حِرْتَ,] aor. ـَ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and some say يَحِيرُ, but this is a mistake, (MF,) inf. n. حَيْرَةٌ (S, A, Mgh, K) and حَيَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَيْرٌ and حَيَرَانٌ, (K,) He was, or became, dazzled by a thing at which he looked, (T, Msb, K,) so that he turned away his eyes from it: this is the primary signification: (T, Msb:) and so ↓ تحيّر (A, * Mgh, * K) and ↓ استحار, (K,) and حاربَصَرُهُ (A, * TA) and بصره ↓ تحيّر. (Mgh, and S and A and K in art. قمر, &c.) b2: And hence, (T, Msb,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; (T, Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ تحيّر (Msb, K) and ↓ استحار. (K.) And حار, (S, A,) or حار فِى أَمْرِهِ, (Msb,) i. q. فى امره ↓ تحيّر [He was, or became, confounded, &c., in his affair, or case]. (S, A.) And [حار (see its part. n. حَائِرٌ) and] ↓ تحيّر [and ↓ استحار] He erred, or lost his way. (TA.) b3: Also, said of water, (A, Msb, K,) and ↓ تحيّر (S, A, K) and ↓ استحار, (A, K,) (tropical:) It became collected, (S, A, K,) and stayed, (A,) or went round, (S, K, *) or went to and fro, or fluctuated, (Msb, K,) in a place, as though it knew not which way to run. (A.) b4: See also 5.2 حيّرهُ He, or it, caused him to become confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (S, * Msb, KL.) b2: [Accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, حيّر, said of water, means (assumed tropical:) It was whirled round in an eddy: but to have this meaning, which I do not find in my copy of the KL, the verb should be حُيِّرَ.]4 احار [He, or it, caused a thing to descend easily down the throat: or it transmitted food to the stomach: see 10: and see also 4 in art. حور]. (S and K voce مِشْفَرٌ, q. v.) 5 تحيّر: see 1, in six places. b2: Also (tropical:) It (a cloud) continued without motion, pouring forth its rain, and not being driven by the wind: (IAar:) or went not in any direction: (K:) [and so ↓ استحار: see مُتَحَيِّرٌ.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) It continued; said of time; (TA;) and in like manner it is said of a man. (MF.) And بِهِ ↓ حِيرُوا [if not a mistranscription for تَحَيَّرُوا] occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) Remain ye therein; referring to a place. (TA.) And بِمَكَانٍ ↓ استحار (assumed tropical:) He alighted and abode some days in a place. (TA.) b4: تحيّر بِالمَآءَ (tropical:) It (a place, S, K, and land, TA) became full of water; as also ↓ استحار. (S, K, TA.) b5: تحيّرت الجَفْنَةُ (tropical:) The bowl became full of grease and food; (K, TA;) like as a watering-trough or tank becomes full of water. (TA.) b6: See also what follows.10 إِسْتَحْيَرَ see 1, in four places: b2: and 5, in three places. b3: استحار الشَّبَابُ (S, IB, A, K) and ↓ تحيّر (K) (tropical:) The sap [or vigour] of youth (مَآءُ الشَّبَابِ) flowed: (IB:) or became complete, and filled the body of a woman: (A:) or completely occupied the body: (K:) or filled it to the utmost: (TA:) or collected, and flowed to and fro, in the body of a woman. (As, S.) A2: اسْتُحِيرَ الشَّرَابُ The beverage, or wine, was made to descend easily down the throat. (S.) حَيْرٌ [An enclosure] like a حَظِيرَة: or a place of pasturage in which it is prohibited to the public to pasture their beasts. (S, K.) b2: See also حَائِرٌ.

A2: حَيْرَمَا [erroneously written by Golius حَارَمَا] i. q. رُبَّمَا. (K.) إِنَّهُ فِى حِيرَ بِيرَ and حِيرٍ بِيرٍ, like حُورٍ بُورٍ; (K;) i. e. Verily he is in a bad state, and a state of perdition: or in error. (TA.) [See also art. حور.]

حَيَرٌ: see what next follows.

حِيَرٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ حَيَرٌ (IB, K) Much property, or many cattle; and a numerous family: (K:) and أَنْعَامٌ حِيَرَاتٌ many cattle. (TA.) كَانَ حِيَرًا [app. for كان ذَا حِيَرٍ] is expl. by Th as meaning He was a possessor of much property, and of a numerous household and family. (TA.) b2: حِيَرَ دَهْرٍ: see حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ.

حَارَةٌ: see art. حور.

أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ حَيْرَةً The land became green with plants or herbage, (K,) by reason of much collecting and continuance of water therein. (TA.) حَارِىٌّ Made in the town of El-Heereh: applied to a sword, and a camel's saddle. (TA.) and A kind of leathern housings, made in El-Heereh, with which camels' saddles are ornamented. (TA.) A2: حَارِىَّ دَهْرٍ and حَارِىَّ الدَّهْرِ: see what next follows.

لَا آتِيهِ حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ (Ibn-'Omar, * Sh, * K) and حِيرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ (Sb, Akh, IAar, K) and حِيرِىَّ دَهْرٍ, (S,) or حِيرِى دَهْرٍ, (CK,) or حَيْرِى دَهْرٍ, (K, TA,) with the last letter quiescent, (K,) and حَيْرِىَ دَهْرٍ, or حِيرِىَ دَهْرٍ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) and دَهْرٍ ↓ حَارِىَّ (ISh, K) and الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَارِىَّ (ISh) and دَهْرٍ ↓ حِيَرَ, (IAar, K,) (tropical:) [I will not come to him, or it, or I will not do it,] while time lasts; (A, * K, * TA;) or ever: (ISh, K:) or it may mean while time returns; from حَارَ of which the aor. is يَحُورُ. (A, TA.) Also حَيْرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ, or حِيرِىَّ الدَّهْرِ, (tropical:) For an incalculable period of time. (Ibn-'Omar, Sh, IAth.) حَيْرَانُ (T, S, A, K) and ↓ حَائِرٌ (T, A, K) and ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ (TA) A man in a state of confusion, or perplexity, and unable to see his right course: (K, * TA:) erring; having lost his way: (T, TA:) fem. [of the first] حَيْرَى (Lh, T) and حَيْرَآءُ: (A, K:) and pl. [of the same] حَيَارَى (S, A, K) and حُيَارَى (K) and حَيْرَى, like the fem. sing. (Lh.) You say, لَا تَفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ أُمُّكَ حَيْرَى [Do not thou that: may thy mother become in a state of confusion, &c.]: and لَا تَفْعَلُوا ذٰلِكَ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ حَيْرَى

[Do not ye that: may your mothers become &c.]. (Lh.) And بَائِرٌ ↓ رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ A man who does not apply himself rightly to an affair; (S, TA;) who knows not the right course to pursue in his affair; as also فِى أَمْرِهِ ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ. (TA. [See also the same phrase in art. حور.]) b2: [رَوْضةٌ حَيْرَى is (tropical:) A meadow full of water. (TA.) b3: [حَيْرَى is also applied as an epithet to the midday sun of summer: see a verse cited in the second paragraph of art. دوم.]

حَيِّرٌ: see مُتَحَيِّرٌ.

حَائِرٌ: see حَيْرَانُ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) A place in which water collects (S, K, TA) and goes to and fro: (TA:) a watering-trough, or tank, to which a stream of rain-water flows: (K:) or what resembles a watering-trough, or tank, in which the rain-water collects and remains: (A:) a depressed place (K, TA) in which water collects and remains, or goes round, or goes to and fro, not passing forth from it: (TA:) or a place in the ground depressed in the middle and having elevated edges or borders, (AHn, TA,) in which is water: (TA voce يَعْبُوبٌ:) and hence, (TA,) a garden; as also ↓ حَيْرٌ; (K;) which is the form used by most persons, and by the vulgar; like as they say عَيْشةُ for عَائِشَةُ: or this form is wrong: it is disallowed by AHn, notwithstanding its being mentioned by A 'Obeyd; but he mentions it only in one place, and it is not found in every copy of his work: (ISd:) pl. حِيرَانٌ (S, A, K) and حُورَانٌ. (S, K.) Hassán Ibn-Thábit uses the phrase حَائِرُ البَحْرِ [in a verse which I have cited in the first paragraph of art. رب, app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The depth of the sea; or part of the sea in which is a confluence of the water, and where it goes round, or to and fro]. (TA.) A2: Also Grease; oily animal matter, that flows from flesh or fat. (K.) أَحْيَرُ مِنْ ضَبٍّ, and مِنْ وَرَلٍ, [More confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, than a dabb, and than a waral,] are two proverbs; (Meyd;) accord. to Hamzeh El-Isfahánee, said because the dabb, [a kind of lizard, as is also the waral,] when it quits its hole, is confounded, and cannot find the right way to to it; and the like is said of the waral. (Har p. 166.) مُتَحَيِّرٌ: see حَيْرَانُ, in two places. b2: الَكَواكِبُ المُتَحَيِّرَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The erratic stars; i. e. the planets;] the stars that [at one time appear to] retrograde and [at another time to] pursue a direct [and forward] course; also called الخُنَّسُ. (S in art. خنس.) b3: سَحَابٌ مُتَحَيِّرٌ (assumed tropical:) Clouds continuing without motion, pouring forth rain, and not driven by the wind: (IAar:) and ↓ مُسْتَحِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) clouds (سحاب) heavy, and moving to and fro, (S, K) not having any wind to drive them along: (S:) and ↓ حَيِّرٌ (tropical:) clouds, or clouds covering the sky, syn. غَيْمٌ, (Az, K, TA,) rising with rain, and continuing without motion, or moving to and fro, but remaining, in the sky: (Az, TA:) or this last signifies (tropical:) clouds (سحاب) raining, and continuing without motion, or moving to and fro, but remaining in the sky. (A, TA.) b4: See also what follows, in two places.

مُسْتَحِيرٌ A way leading across a desert, of which the place of egress is not known. (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything (TA) continuing endlessly: (IAar, TA:) or hardly, or never, ending; as also ↓ مُتَحَيِّرٌ. (Sh, TA.) See also this latter word.

A2: جَفْنَةٌ مُسْتَحِيرَةٌ (tropical:) A full bowl: (A:) or (assumed tropical:) a bowl containing much grease. (K.) And ↓ مَرَقَةٌ مُتَحَيِّرِةٌ (assumed tropical:) Broth containing much grease. (TA.)

حدس

1 حَدَسَ, [aor., app., حَدِسَ and Bٌ,] inf. n. حَدْسٌ, He threw, cast, or shot. (TA.) You say, حَدَسْتُ بِسَهْمٍ I shot an arrow. (S.) And حَدَسْتُهُ بِكَذَا I threw, cast, or shot, at him with such a thing. (A.) A2: Hence, حَدْسُ الظَّنِّ The conjecturing without evidence or proof. (TA.) You say, حَدَسَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K) and حَدُسَ, (K,) inf. n. حَدْسٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) He opined: (S, A, K:) or he formed a confirmed opinion: (Msb:) he formed a surmise, or an opinion; or he spoke conjecturally, or surmising: (S, A, K:) he surmised respecting the meanings of speech or language, (A, K,) and things. (K.) And هُوَ يَحْدِسُ He says a thing according to his opinion. (S, TA.) And بَلَغَنِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ أَمْرٌ وَ أَنَا أَحْدِسُ فِيهِ A thing has been told me of such a one, and I speak of it conjecturally, or surmising. (TA.) and حَدَسْتُ عَلَيْهِ ظَنِّى I formed my opinion of it, not being certain of it; as also نَدَسْتُ. (TA.) and حَدَسَ الكَلَامَ عَلَى عَوَاهِنِهِ He spoke without anything to guide him, and without caution. (TA.) And حَدَسَ الشَّىْءَ He computed by conjecture the quantity, measure, or the like, of the thing. (A.) And قَالَهُ بِالحَدْسِ [generally meaning He said it conjecturally, or surmising: but also meaning] he said it by means of intuition. (A, TA.) [حَدْسٌ is also explained in the A as signifying نَظَرٌ خَافٍ: in the TA نَظَرٌ خَفِىٌّ: both app. meaning An obscure, or an occult, mode of judging of a thing.]

b2: حَدْسٌ is also syn. with قَصْدٌ, (K,) used transitively, (T, K,) [app. signifying The aiming at a thing,] by, or with, whatever thing it be; [app. meaning by any mental operation;] by opinion, or by judgment, or by intelligence or cunning sagacity. (TA.) A3: حَدَسَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (El-Umawee, Msb,) aor. ـِ (El-Umawee, TA,) inf. n. حَدْسٌ, (S,) He went away, (S, Msb, TA,) or journeyed, (TA,) into, or in, or through, the country, or land, without guidance: (S, Msb, TA:) or simply he went away into, or in, the country, or land; as also عَدَسَ. (El-Umawee, TA.) b2: [Hence, app., the phrase حَدَسَ فِى صَدْرِى شَىْءٌ, which seems to mean A thing came at random into my mind. See هَجَسَ.] b3: Also حَدَسَ, inf. n. as above, He went in a right course, or direction: (TA:) or in one regular, uniform, or constant, course: (O, K:) or, accord. to Az, not in one regular, uniform, or constant, course. (TA.) b4: And حَدَسَ فِى السَّيْرِ, (Msb,) inf. n. حَدْسٌ, (K,) He hastened, or was quick, in pace, or in journeying. (Msb, K.) 5 تحدّس الأَخْبَارَ, (S, K,) and عَنِ الأَخْبَارِ, (Az, S, A, K,) He sought to learn the news, or tidings, without others' knowing of him; (Az, S, M, A, K;) as also تندّس عنها, and توّجس: (Az, TA:) or he sought for, or inquired respecting, the news, or tidings, in order to know what others knew not. (A.) حَدَّاسٌ One who opines, or conjectures, much; syn. ظَنَّانٌ. (TA.)

حضن

1 حَضَنَ الصَّبِىَّ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حَضْنٌ and حِضَانَةٌ, He put the child in his حِضْن [i. e. under his arm, or in his bosom]: or he nourished him, reared him, fostered him, brought him up, (K, TA,) and took care of him; (TA;) as also ↓ احتضنهُ. (K, TA.) And حَضَنَتْ وَلَدَهَا, (S, Mgh,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. حِضَانَةٌ, (Mgh,) said of a woman, (S, Mgh, TA,) She put her child in her حِضْن, and [thus] carried him [under her arm,] on one of her two sides: (TA:) it has a similar meaning to the phrase next following: (S:) or it means she had charge of her child, and carried him, and reared him, or fostered him. (Mgh.) b2: حَضَنَ بَيْضَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and عَلَى بَيْضِهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَضْنٌ (Mgh, Msb) and حِضَانَةٌ (Msb, K) and حِضَانٌ and حُضُونٌ, (K,) said of a bird, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He pressed, or compressed, his eggs (S, Msb) to himself, (S,) beneath his wing, (S, Msb,) or beneath his two wings; (so in some copies of the S;) he sat upon his eggs, protecting them with his two sides (بِحِضْنَيْهِ); (Mgh;) he brooded upon his eggs to hatch them: (K:) as also ↓ احتضن. (KL.) b3: حَضَنَ بَيْضَةً تَحْتَ دَجَاجَةٍ

لَهُ حَتَّى أَفْرَخَتْ, meaning He put an egg beneath a hen belonging to him, and made her to sit [or brood] upon it [until it became hatched], if remembered to have been heard [from any of the Arabs of pure speech], is a tropical usage of the verb, like as when one says ” The Emeer built the city: “ otherwise, it is correctly [↓ حَضَّنَ,] with teshdeed. (Mgh.) b4: حَضَنَهُ عَنْ كَذَا, inf. n. حَضْنٌ and حِضَانَةٌ, (tropical:) He made him to turn away, withdraw, or retire, from such a thing, and had it to himself exclusively; (S, K, TA;) as though he put him aside from it, or by its side: he excluded him from participation in it; in which sense مِنْهُ ↓ أَحْضَنَهُ is disapproved: (TA:) he impeded him, or debarred him, from it. (ISd, TA.) It is related in a trad. of Ibn-Mes'ood that, when he made his will, he said, وَ لَا تُحْضَنُ زَيْنَبُ عَنْ ذٰلِكَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) And Zeyneb (his wife) shall not be precluded from looking into that and executing it; namely, his will: or shall not be precluded from it, nor shall any matter [relating to it] be decided without her. (TA.) and you say also, حَضَنَهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ He withheld him from the object of his want; as also ↓ احتضنهُ. (S, ISd, K.) And حَضَنَ مَعْرُوفَهُ, (K,) and حَدِيثَهُ, (TA,) عَنْ جِيرَانِهِ, (K,) and مَعَارِفِهِ, (TA,) inf. n. حَضْنٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He turned his beneficence, (K, TA,) and his discourse, (TA,) from his neighbours, (K, TA,) and his acquaintances, to others: on the authority of Lh. (TA.) A2: حَضَنَتْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حِضَانٌ, (K,) or this is a simple subst., (A 'Obeyd, TA,) She (a ewe [or goat], and a camel, and a woman,) had one of her teats, or breasts, larger than the other. (K.) [See حَضُونٌ.]2 حَضَّنَ see 1.3 فُلَانٌ يُحَاضِنُ النِّسَآءِ [Such a one indulges himself with women in mutual embracing or pressing to the bosom]. (IAar, TA in explanation of the epithet عُقَرَةٌ, q. v.) 4 احضن الطَّائِرَ البَيْضَ He made the bird to sit [or brood] upon the eggs. (Msb.) b2: أَحْضَنَهُ مِنْهُ: see 1. b3: احضن بِحَقِّى (tropical:) He went away with, or took away, my right, or due; (K, TA;) as though he put it by his side. (TA.) b4: احضن الرَّجُلَ, (Az, S, K, *) and احضن بِهِ, (K,) i. q. أَزْرَى بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He held him in little, or light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt; &c.]. (Az, S, K.) 6 تحاضنوا They embraced one another, or pressed one another to the bosom. See also 3.]8 احتضنهُ He put it (a thing) in his حِضْن [i. e. under his arm, or in his bosom]: (S, Msb:) he took it up, and put it in his حِضْن, like as a woman takes up her child, and carries him [in her حضن or] on one of her two sides. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places.

حُضْنٌ: see what next follows.

حِضْنٌ The part beneath the armpit, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) extending to the كَشْح [or flank]: (S, Msb, K:) or the bosom, or breast; syn. صَدْر: [الصَّدْرِ in the CK should be الصَّدْرُ:] and the upper arms with what is between them: (K:) and ↓ مُحْتَضَنٌ signifies the same: (S:) pl. of the former أَحْضَانٌ (Msb, K *) [and accord. to Freytag's Lex. حُضُونٌ also]. b2: The side of a thing, (S, K,) and of a man: (Mgh:) the lateral, or adjacent, part of a thing: pl. أَحْضَانٌ. (S, * K.) حِضْنَا الــمَفَازَةِ means The two borders [the nearer border and the further] of the desert. (M, TA.) And حِضْنَا اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) The two sides [or first and last portions] of the night. (TA.) And [as the حِضْن of a man or woman is often a place of concealment,] one says, مَا زَالَ يَقْطَعُ أَحْضَانَ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) [meaning He ceased not to traverse the shades of the night]. (TA.) عَلَيْكُمْ بِالحِضْنَيْنِ, in a trad. of 'Alee, means [Keep ye to] the two wings of the army. (TA.) You say also, أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ حَقَّهُ عَلَى

حِضْنِهِ, i. e. Such a one took his right, or due, by force. (TA.) b3: Also (tropical:) The quantity that is carried in the حِضْن. (A.) b4: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حُضْنٌ, (K,) The hole, or den, or subterranean habitation, of the hyena: (S, K:) or the place of hunting, or of capture, of the hyena. (IB, TA.) b5: And, both these words, The circuit, or surrounding part, of a mountain: or its base; or lower, or lowest, part. (K.) Accord. to Az, حِضْنَا الجَبَلِ means The two lateral, or adjacent, parts of the mountain. (TA.) حَضَنٌ Ivory: (ISk, S, K:) the tush of the elephant. (T, TA.) حِضَانٌ The state, or condition, of a ewe, or she-goat, (S, TA,) and of a she-camel, and of a man in respect of his testicles, and of the pudendum muliebre, (TA,) denoted by the epithet حَضُونٌ. (S, TA.) [See also حَضُنَتْ.]

حَضُونٌ A ewe, and a she-camel, and a woman, having one of her teats, or breasts, larger than the other: (K:) or, applied to a ewe or she-goat, i. q. شَطُورٌ; i. e. having one of her teats longer than the other: (S:) or a she-camel, and a she-goat, of which one of her طُبْيَانِ [meaning either two mammæ or two teats] has gone. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) b2: Also A man having one of his testicles larger than the other. (K.) b3: And A pudendum muliebre having the edge of one of its labia majora (i. e. having one of its شُفْرَانِ) larger than the other. (K.) حَضَانَةٌ and حِضَانَةٌ [The office, or occupation, of carrying and rearing or fostering a child: the latter, accord. to the K and the Mgh, is an inf. n.: (see 1, first two sentences:) but accord. to Fei,] each is a subst. from حَاضِنٌ applied to a man, and حَاضِنَةٌ applied to a woman. (Msb.) حَاضِنٌ A man who has the charge of [carrying and] rearing, or nourishing, or fostering, a child: (Msb, * TA:) and حَاضِنَةٌ A woman who has the charge of a child, (S, Mgh, Msb, * K, TA,) who carries him, (Mgh,) and takes care of him, (TA,) and rears, or nourishes, or fosters, him: (S, Mgh, TA:) pl. of the former حُضَّانٌ (TA) [and حَضَنَةٌ (as in a phrase below), agreeably with a general rule: and pl. of the latter, also agreeably with a general rule, حَوَاضِنُ]. b2: [Hence,] هُوَ مِنْ حَضَنَةِ العِلْمِ, (tropical:) i. e. علمته [a mistranscription for غِلْمَتِهِ, meaning He is of the servants of learning, or science]. (TA.) b3: حَمَامَةٌ حَاضِنٌ (Mgh, Msb, TA) and حَاضِنَةٌ (Msb) A pigeon sitting [or brooding] upon its eggs, protecting them with its two sides; (Mgh;) or pressing, or compressing, its eggs beneath its wing. (Msb.) b4: [Hence,] سُفْعٌ حَوَاضِنُ [pl. of حَاضِنَةٌ] (tropical:) Three stones for supporting a cooking-pot, cleaving to the ground, (K, TA,) with the ashes. (TA.) b5: حَاضِنَةٌ also signifies A man's wife: and so حَاصِنَةٌ. (TA.) b6: And a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) having short racemes: (Kr, K:) or one of which the racemes have come forth, and quitted their spathes, and are short in their fruit-stalks. (AHn, K.) مَحْضَنٌ and مَحْضِنٌ The place in which a bird broods upon its eggs to hatch them: (K:) pl. مَحَاضِنُ. (TA.) See also what next follows.

مِحْضَنَةٌ A shallow bowl, made of clay, for the pigeon (K, TA) [to lay its eggs therein, and] to brood therein upon its eggs: (TA:) مَحَاضِنٌ [is its pl.], accord. to rule, pl. of ↓ مَحْضَنٌ [&c., and] signifies the places, in pigeon-towers, in which the pigeons lay their eggs. (Mgh.) [See what next precedes.]

مُحْتَضَنٌ: see حِضْنٌ.

بوب

1 بَابَ لَهُ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) quasi-inf. n., if there be such a verb, بِوَابَةٌ, with the و not changed into ى because it is not an inf. n. properly speaking, but a subst., (Lth, T,) He was, or became, a door-keeper, or gate-keeper, to him; (M, K;) namely, a Sultán (M) [or other person].2 بوّب [app., (assumed tropical:) He practised what are termed أَبْوَابُ الحَرْبِ, meaning the expedients, tricks, or stratagems, of war, battle, or fight. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) He charged upon, attacked, or assaulted, the enemy. (AA, T.) A2: بَوَّبْتُ الأَشْيَآءَ (assumed tropical:) I made the things to be divided into distinct أَبْوَاب [meaning kinds, or sorts; or I disposed, arranged, distributed, or classified, the things under distinct heads]. (Msb.) And بوّب الأَبْوَابَ (assumed tropical:) [He disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order, the kinds, sorts, classes, chapters, heads, or the like]. (TA voce أَصَّلَ, q. v.) And بوّب المُؤَلِّفُ كِتَابَهُ (assumed tropical:) [The author disposed, or divided, his book in, or into, distinct chapters]. (A.) [See بَابٌ.]5 تبوّب, (A,) or تبوّب بَوَّابًا, (S, M, K,) He took for himself a door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (S, M, A, K.) بَابٌ, originally بَوَبٌ, (M, Msb,) A door; a gate; a place of entrance: and the thing with which a place of entrance, such as a door or gate, is closed; of wood &c.: (MF, TA:) pl. أَبْوَابٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and بِيبَانٌ (M, K) and أَبْوِبَةٌ, (S, M, K,) [a pl. of pauc., said to be] only used for conformity with another word mentioned therewith, as in the saying (of Ibn-Mukbil, so in a copy of the S), هَتَّاكُ أَخْبِيَةٍ وَ لَّاجُ أَبْوِبَةٍ

[A frequent render of tents, a frequent enterer of doors], (S, M,) not being allowable when occurring alone; (S;) but IAar and Lh assert that it is a pl. of باب without its being used for conformity with another word; (M;) and this is extr.; (M, K;) for باب is of the measure فَعَلٌ, and a word of this measure has not a pl. of the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ [by rule]. (M.) You say, بَابٌ الدَّارِ [The door of the house]; and بَابُ البَيْتِ [the door of the house, and of the chamber, and of the tent]; (Msb;) and بَابُ البَلَدِ [the gate of the town or city]. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) and Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim assigns a باب to a grave; calling the latter a بَيْت. (M.) It is also applied to an opening, or a channel, made for water, to irrigate seed-produce: pl. أَبْوَابٌ. (Mgh.) [and in Egypt, it is applied also to A sepulchral chamber, grotto, or cave, hewn in a mountain; from the Coptic βηβ: pl. بِيبَانٌ only.] b2: Hence, i. e. in a secondary application, the primary signification being “ a place of entrance,” it is used as meaning (tropical:) A means of access, or of attainment, to a thing: (B, Kull, TK:) as in the saying, هٰذَا العِلْمُ بَابٌ إِلَى عِلْمِ كَذَا (tropical:) This science is a means of attainment to such a science. (B, TK.) b3: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) An expedient, a trick, a stratagem, or a process, by which something is to be effected pl. أَبْوَابٌ: as in أَبْوَابُ الحَرْبِ the expedients. &c. of war, battle, or fight; and بَابٌ مِنَ النُّجُومِ a process of the science of the stars, meaning astrology or astronomy; and بَابٌ مِنَ السِّحْرِ a process of enchantment; see an ex. voce سِحْرٌ. Compare Matt. xvi. 18, πύλαι ᾅδου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αύτης, probably meaning “ the stratagems of Hell shall not prevail against it. ”] b4: [Also (assumed tropical:) A mode, kind, sort, class, or category.] Suweyd Ibn-Kuráa uses metaphorically the pl. أَبْوَاب in relation to rhymes; saying, أَتَيْتُ بِأَبْوَابِ القَوَافِى كَأَنَّمَا

أَذُودُ بِهَا سِرْبًا مِنَ الوَحْشِ نُزَّعَا (tropical:) [I gave utterance to the various kinds of rhymes as though I were driving with them a herd of wild animals desirous of the males, or of their wonted places of pasture]. (M, L.) [You say also, هُوَ مِنْ هٰذَا البَابِ (assumed tropical:) It is of this mode, kind, sort, class, or category: a phrase of frequent occurrence in lexicons &c. See also بَابَةٌ.] b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) A chapter; and sometimes a section, or subdivision, of a chapter; of a book or writing;] conventionally, (assumed tropical:) a piece consisting of words relating to matters of one kind; and sometimes, to matters of one species: (Kull:) pl. أَبْوَابٌ. (A.) See also بَابَةٌ. b6: [Also (assumed tropical:) A head, or class of items or articles, in an account, or a reckoning; as in the saying,] بَيَّنْتُ لَهُ حِسَابَهُ بَابًا بَابًا (assumed tropical:) [I explained, or made clear, to him his account, or reckoning, head by head, or each class of items or articles by itself]; a phrase mentioned by Sb: (M:) [or, sometimes,] بَابٌ (M, K) and ↓ بَابَةٌ (T, M, K) are used in relation to حُدُود [which here means the punishments so termed], and to an account, or a reckoning, (T, M, K,) and the like, (T, M,) as signifying the extreme term or limit; syn. غَايَةٌ; (M, K;) but IDrd hesitated respecting this, and therefore it is not mentioned in the S. (TA.) بَابَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A mode, or manner; syn. وَجْهٌ: (ISk, K:) pl. بَابَاتٌ. (K.) [See also بَابٌ, which has a similar, and perhaps the same, signification.] Hence, هٰذَا مِنْ بَابَتِى means (assumed tropical:) This is of the mode, or manner, that I desire; (TA;) this is suitable to me: (IAmb, TA:) and هٰذَا شَىْءٌ مِنْ بَابَتِكَ, (S,) or هٰذَا بَابَتُكَ, (A,) (assumed tropical:) this is a thing suitable to thee: (S, A:) and هٰذَا بَابَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) this is suitable to him. (K.) Accord. to most of the critics, it is tropical. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ

أَهْوَنُ بَابَاتِهِ الكَذِبُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one, the lightest of the kinds (أَنْوَاع) of his wickedness is lying. (A.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A habit: a property; a quality; nature; natural disposition: or a practice; or an action: syn. خَصْلَةٌ. (Abu-l-'Omeythil, TA.) [Hence, perhaps, the last of the exs. cited above from the A.] b3: (assumed tropical:) A condition; syn. شَرْطٌ: as in the saying, هذَا بَابَةُ هٰذَا (assumed tropical:) [This is the condition of this]. (M, K. *) b4: بَابَاتُ الكِتَابِ (assumed tropical:) The lines of the book or writing: (M, A, K:) or it may mean its ↓ أَبْوَاب [i. e. chapters, or sections of chapters]: (M:) this has no sing.: (A, K:) [ISd says,] I have not heard any sing. of it. (M.) b5: See also بَابٌ; last signification.

بَوْبَاةٌ A desert; or a desert in which is no water; syn. فَلَاةٌ: (T, IJ, M, K:) as also مَوْمَاةٌ; (T, MF;) the ب being changed into م, as is often the case. (MF.) [It is mentioned in the S, and again in the K, in art. بو, as syn. with مَفَازَةٌ.]

بِوَابَةٌ The office, or occupation, of a door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (M, K.) [See 1.]

بَوَّابٌ A door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (S, * M, Msb, K, TA.) أَبْوَابٌ مُبَوَّبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Kinds, sorts, classes, chapters, heads, or the like, disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order,] is a phrase similar to أَصْنَافٌ مُصَنَّفَةٌ. (S.) You say also كِتَابٌ مُبَوَّبٌ (assumed tropical:) [A book disposed in, or divided into, distinct chapters]. (A.) Quasi بوج بَاجٌ; pl. أَبْوَاجٌ: see art. بأج. Az mentions it as without ء: ISk, as with ء. (ISd, TA.)

برد

1 بَرُدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرُودَةٌ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) and بَرَدَ, aor. ـُ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (M, Msb;) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the latter said of water, Msb) was, or became, cold, chill, or cool; [see بَرْدٌ below;] (S, M;) its heat became allayed. (Msb.) The latter verb is also used transitively, as will be shown below. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] بَرُدَ مَضْجَعَهُ [lit. His bed, or place of sleep, became cold; meaning] (tropical:) he went on a journey. (A.) b3: بَرَدَ also signifies (tropical:) He died; (As, T, S, A, K;) because death is the non-existence of the heat of the soul; (L;) or it is allusive to the extinction of the natural heat; or to the cessation of motion. (MF.) For b4: بَرَدَ, (MF,) aor. ـُ (Mgh,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (MF,) likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, still, quiet, or motionless; (Mgh, MF;) for instance, a slaughtered sheep or goat [&c.]. (Mgh.) And (assumed tropical:) It (beverage of the kind called نَبِيذ) became still, and without briskness. (TA, from a trad.) Yousay, رُعِبَ فَبَرَدَ مَكَانَهُ [(assumed tropical:) He became frightened, and remained motionless in his place; مَكَانَهُ meaning فِى مَكَانَهُ: and hence,] (tropical:) he became amazed, or stupified. (A.) And بَرَدَتْ عَيْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) The pain in his eye became allayed, or stilled. (L.) And بَرَدَ أَمْرُنَا (assumed tropical:) Our affair, or case, became easy. (TA, from a trad. [See also بَارِدٌ.]) b5: Also, inf. n. بَرْد, [which see below,] (assumed tropical:) He slept. (T.) b6: And hence, (tropical:) It remained, or became permanent, or fixed, or settled. (T.) So in the saying, لَمْ يَبْرُدْ بِيَدِى مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ (tropical:) There did not remain, or become permanent or fixed or settled, in my hand, thereof, anything. (T, L. *) Yousay also, بَرَدَ أَسِيرًا فِى أَيْدِيْهِمْ (tropical:) He remained safely a captive in their hands. (A.) And بَرَدَ فِى أَيْدِيهمْ سَلْمًا (tropical:) He became a permanent captive, remaining in their hands, not to be ransomed nor liberated nor demanded. (L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَىمُصْطَلَاهُ (tropical:) Death fixed, or settled, [upon his face and extremities, or] upon his limbs, or upon his arms and legs and face and every prominent part, which become cold at the time of death, and which are warmed at the fire. (AHeyth, L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَيْهِ [(tropical:) Death became impressed upon him;] the marks, or signs, of death became apparent upon him. (A.) b7: [And hence, app.,] (tropical:) It (a right, or due,) became incumbent, or obligatory, (M, K, TA,) and established. (TA.) You say, بَرَدَ لِى حَقِّى عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My right, or due, became incumbent, or obligatory, on such a one, and established against him. (M, * A, * TA.) And مَا بَرَدَ لَكَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) What hath become incumbent, or obligatory, to thee, on such a one, and established against him? or what hath become owed, or due, to thee, by, or from, such a one? as also مَا ذَابَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ. (S.) And بَرَدَ لِى عَلَيْهِ كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (tropical:) Such an amount of the property, or of property, became incumbent, or obligatory, to me, on him, and established against him; or became owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S.) b8: Also, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA, [but see the next sentence,]) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, weak; and so بُرِدَ, a verb like عُنِىَ. (K.) And, inf. n. بُرَادٌ and بُرُودٌ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, languid, (K,) or weak and languid, from leanness or disease: (M:) or weak in the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) And بَرَدَ مُخُّهُ, (A, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (A, K;) and so بَرَدَتْ عِظَامُهُ. (A, TA.) b9: (assumed tropical:) It (a sword [or the like]) was, or became, blunt. (M, K.) A2: بَرَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (K;) and ↓ برّدهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (S;) He made it, or rendered it, (for ex., water, M, Msb, K,) cold, chill, or cool: (S, &c.:) but the latter has an intensive signification [he made it, or rendered it, very cold, or very cool]: (Msb:) or both signify, (K,) or the former signifies, (M, TA,) he mixed it with snow: (M, K:) one does not say ↓ ابردهُ, except in a bad dialect. (S.) بَرِّدِيهِ, being used by a poet for بَلْ رِدِيهِ, has been erroneously supposed to mean “Make thou it hot.” (M.) You say, بَرَدَنَا اللَّيْلُ, (aor. and inf. n. as above, M,) and بَرَدَ عَلَيْنَا, The night affected us with its cold. (M, K.) and سَقَيْتُهُ شَرْبَةً بَرَدَتْ فُؤَادَهُ, (S, M, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) I gave him to drink a draught that cooled his heart: (S, M:) or بَرَدْتُ بِهَا فُؤَادَهُ [with which I cooled his heart]. (So in the T.) And فُؤَادَكَ بِشَرْبَةٍ ↓ بَرِّدْ Cool thy heart by a draught. (A.) And اِسْقِنِى سَوِيقًا أَبْرُدْ بِهِ كَبِدِى

[Give thou me to drink سويق with which I may cool my liver]. (T.) And بَرَدَ عَيْنُهُ بِالْكُحْلِ, (A'Obeyd, T, M,) or بِالْبَرُودِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) [He cooled his eye with the collyrium, or] he applied the cooling collyrium to his eye, (T, * S, M, * Msb, K, *) and allayed its pain. (M.) The following words, cited by IAar, بَرَدُوا غَوَارِبَ أَيْنُقٍ حُدْبِ [lit. They cooled the fore parts of the humps, or the backs, of humped she-camels], mean (tropical:) they put off from them their saddles, that their backs might become cool. (M.) You say also, بَرِّدْ ↓ ظَهْرَ فَرَسِكَ سَاعَةً (tropical:) Relieve thy horse from riding [lit. cool his back] awhile. (A.) And لَا تُبَرِّدْ ↓ عَنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Do not thou alleviate the punishment [in the world to come] due to the offence of such a one by thy reviling him, or cursing him, when he has acted injuriously to thee. (T, S, * M, * A, * L.) And بَرَدَ الخُبْزَ, (T, L, K,) بِالْمَآءِ, (T,) He poured [cold] water upon the bread, (T, L, K,) and moistened it [therewith: see بَرُودٌ]. (T, L.) b2: بُرِدَ (a verb like عُنِىَ, K) It (a company of men) was hailed upon. (S, M, K.) And بُرِدَتِ الأَرُضُ The land, or ground, was hailed upon. (S.) A3: بَرَدَ, (S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (Mgh, TA,) also signifies He filed (M, Mgh, K) iron, (S, M, &c.,) and the like, (M,) with a مِبْرَد.(S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) A4: بَرَدَهُ and ↓ ابردهُ He sent him as a بَرِيد [or messenger on a postmule or post-horse]. (K.) And بَرَدَ بَريدًا, (M,) and ↓ ابردهُ, (A,) He sent a بريد. (M, A.) and إِلْيَهِ ↓ ابرد, (S,) or اليه بَرِيدًا ↓ ابرد, (T, TA.) He sent to him a بريد. (T, S.) 2 بَرَّدَ see بَرَدَهُ, in four places. b2: برّدهُ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He made it incumbent, or obligatory, on him. (M, A.) b3: And برّدهُ, (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابردهُ; (M, K;) (tropical:) It (a thing, M) made him, or rendered him, weak; weakened him; (K;) or made him, or rendered him, weak and languid. (M.) A2: [برّد also signifies, as is indicated in the TA voce حُبَاحِبٌ, It (a locust) spread forth its wings; which are termed its بُرْدَانِ: see بُرْدٌ.]4 ابرد He entered upon a cold, or cool, time: (Mgh, Msb:) he entered upon the last part of the day: (M, K:) he entered upon the time when the sun had declined: (Mohammad Ibn-Kaab, T:) and he entered upon the cool season, at the end of the summer. (Lth, T.) [Hence,] أَبْرِدُوا بِالطَّعَامِ Delay ye to eat food until it is cool: occurring in a trad. (El-Munáwee.) And أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ (T, A, Mgh, Msb) Defer ye the noon-prayers until the cooler time of the day, when the vehemence of the heat shall have become allayed. (Mgh, Msb.) And أَبْرِدْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرِةَ Stay thou until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool. (M, and L in art. فيح.) b2: ابردلَهُ He gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (M, K.) You say also, سَقَيْتُهُ فَأَبْرَدْتُ لَهُ, meaning I gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (A'Obeyd, S.) b3: ابردهُ He brought it cold, or cool. (M, K.) b4: See بَرَدَهُ, first sentence. b5: and see 2.

A2: See also 1, in four places; last three sentences.5 تبرّد فِيهِ He descended into it, (i. e., into water, TA,) and washed himself in it, to refresh himself by its coolness. (M, K.) See also 8. b2: تبرّد also signifies (assumed tropical:) He became weakened. (TA.) 8 ابترد He washed himself with cold water: (S:) and likewise, (S,) or ابتردالمَآءَ, (K,) he drank water to cool his liver: (S, K:) or the latter signifies he poured the water cold upon himself, (M, K,) meaning, upon his head: (M:) and بِالْمَاءِ ↓ تبرّد, (T, A,) and ابترد, (A,) he washed himself with water, or with the water. (T.) 10 استبرد عَلَيْهِ لِسَانَهُ (tropical:) He let loose his tongue and used it like a file against him. (A.) بَرْدٌ and ↓ بُرُودَةٌ [originally inf. ns.] Cold; coldness; chill; chilness; cool, as a subst.; coolness; the former, contr. of حَرٌّ; (S, M, A, Msb;) and the latter, of حَرَارَةٌ. (S.) b2: And [hence] the former, (tropical:) Pleasantness; enjoyment; ease; comfort: as in the saying, نَسْأَلُكَ الجَنَّةَ وَ بَرْدَهَا (tropical:) We ask of Thee Paradise and its pleasantness, &c. (L.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Sleep: (T, S, M, A, K:) [an inf. n. used as a subst.:] so in the Kur lxxviii. 24: (S, M, K:) for sleep cools a man: (TA:) or, accord. to I'Ab, it there means the coldness, or coolness, of beverage. (T.) You say, مَنَعَ البَرَدُ البَرْدَ (assumed tropical:) The hail prevented sleep. (A.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Saliva: (Th, T, M, K:) so, accord. to Th, in the saying of El-'Arjee, وَ إِنْ شِئْتِ لَمْ أَطْعَمُ نُقَاخًا وَ لَا بَرْدَا And if thou desire, I will not taste sweet water, nor saliva [from any lips but thine]. (T, M, * TA. [But this is cited in the S as an ex. of بَرْد signifying sleep.]) b5: See also بَارِدٌ. b6: [Hence,] البَرْدَانِ: see الأَبْرَدَانِ, voce أَبْرَدُ.

بُرْدٌ A kind of garment; (S;) a kind of striped garment: (M, K:) accord. to some, of the description termed وَشْىٌ [or variegated]: (M:) or particular kinds thereof are distinguished by such terms as بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ and بُرْدُ وَ شْىٍ: (Msb:) also, (as a coll. gen. n., TA,) garments of the kind called أَكْسِيَةٌ, [pl. of كِسَآءٌ,] which are wrapped round the body; (K;) one of which is called ↓ بُرْدَةٌ: (M, K:) or, as Lth says, the بُرْد is [a] well-known [garment], of the kind called بُرُودُ العَصْبِ and بُرُودُ الوَشْىِ; (T;) but the ↓ بُرْدَةٌ is a garment of the kind called كِسَآءٌ, four-sided, black, and somewhat small, worn by the Arabs of the desert: (T, S, Mgh, * Msb, * TA:) or this latter (the بردة) is a striped garment of the kind called شَمْلَةٌ: (T:) or it is an oblong piece of woollen cloth, fringed: (M:) Sh says, I saw an Arab of the desert wearing a piece of woollen cloth resembling a napkin, wrapped round the body like an apron; and on my saying to him, What dost thou call it? he answered, بُرْدَة: (T:) [the modern بردة, in every case in which I have seen it, I have observed to be an oblong piece of thick woollen cloth, generally brown or of a dark or ashy dust-colour, and either plain, or having stripes so narrow and near together as to appear, at a little distance, of one colour; used both to envelop the person by day and as a night-covering: the بردة of Mohammad is described as about seven feet and a half in length, and four and a half in width, and in colour either أَخْضَر or أَحْمَر, i. e. of a dark or ashy dust-colour or brown; for such are the significations of these two epithets when applied to a garment of this kind, and in some other cases:] the pl. of بُرْدٌ is أَبْرُدٌ (M, K) and أَبْرَادٌ [both pls. of pauc.] and بُرُودٌ (S, M, K) and بُرَدٌ, (IAar, T,) or this last is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, (S, M,) and بِرَادٌ, like as قِرَاطٌ is pl. of قُرْطٌ, or this, also, is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, like as بِرَامٌ is pl. of بُرْمَةٌ. (M.) b2: ذُوبُرْدٍ, as opposed to ذُو كِسَآءِ, means (assumed tropical:) A rich man. (S in art. عج.) b3: وَقَعَ بَيْنُهُمَا قَدُّ بُرُودٍ يُمْنَةٍ, (so in copies of the K, in the TA يُمَنَةٍ,) or بُرُودٍ

ثَمِينَةٍ, (so in a copy of the A,) (tropical:) [There happened between them two the rending of بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen, accord. to the reading in the K, or of costly بُرُود, accord. to the reading in the A,] means they arrived at a great, or severe, state of affairs; (K;) or is said of two men who have contended together in vehement altercation so that they have rent each other's garments; (A;) [accord. to the reading in the K,] because يُمَنٌ, [in the CK يُمْن,] which are بُرُود of El-Yemen, are not rent save on account of some great, or severe, thing, or affair. (K.) b4: ↓ هُمَا فِى بُرْدَةِ

أَخْمَاسٍ means (assumed tropical:) They two do one deed; or act alike; (IAar, M, K;) and resemble each other, as though they were in one بُرْدَة: (IAar, M:) or they two have become near together, and in a state of agreement. (K in art. خمس, q. v.) b5: and ↓ سَلَبَ الصَّهْبَآءَ بُرْدَتَهَا(tropical:) He, or it, deprived the wine of its colour. (A.) b6: And بُرْدَا الجَرَادِ, (T,) or الجُنْدَبِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) The two wings [of the locust, or of the species called جندب]. (T, S.) b7: And ↓بُرْدَةُ الضَّأْنِ(assumed tropical:) A certain sort of milk. (K.) بَرَدٌ Hail; what descends from the clouds, resembing pebbles; (M, Msb;) frozen rain; (Lth, T;) what is called حَبُّ الغَمَامِ (S, A, Msb, K) and حَبُّ المُزْنِ (Msb) [i. e. the grains, or berries, of the clouds: a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة, signifying a hailstone].

بَرِدٌ Possessing coldness or coolness: an epithet applied to the [plant called] صِلِّيَان. (S.) b2: سَحَابٌ بَرِدٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ أَبْرَدُ, (S, K,) Clouds containing hail (T, S, M, K *) and cold. (T.) You say also سَحَابَةٌ بَرِدَةٌ A cloud containing hail (T, S, M, A *) and cold; (T;) but not سحابة بَرْدَآءُ. (M.) بَرْدَةٌ: see بَارِدٌ: A2: and see also بَرَدَةٌ.

A3: هِىَ لَكَ بَرْدَةَ نَفْسَهَا She is purely thine; (Fr, A'Obeyd, T, S, M;) syn. خَالِصَةً: (M:) A'Obeyd explains it by خَالِصًا, (T, S, M,) not in the fem. form, (TA,) on the authority of Fr. (T.) b2: هُوَ لِى بَرْدَةَ يَمِينِى, (A'Obeyd, M,) or هُوَ لِبَرْدَةِ يَمِينِى, (S,) He, or it, is known to me. (A'Obeyd, S, M.) A4: بَرْدَةُ a proper name applied to The ewe. (K.) بُرْدَةٌ: see بُرْدٌ, in five places.

بَرَدَةٌ (T, S, M, A, &c.) and ↓ بَرْدَةٌ (T, M, K) Indigestion; a malady arising from unwholesome food: (S, M, A, L, Msb, K:) or heaviness of food to the stomach: (IAar, T, L:) so termed because it makes the stomach cold. (T, L, Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَصْلُ كُلِّ دَآءٍ البَرَدَةُ [The origin of every disease is indigestion]. (T, S, M, * A.) A2: Also, the former, The middle of the eye. (K.) بُرَدَآءُ An ague; i. e. a fever attended by a cold fit, (K,) or by shivering. (TA.) بَرْدِيٌّ A well-known kind of plant, (S, M, * K,) of which the kind of paper termed قِرْطَاس is made; (TA in art. قرطس, q. v. ;) [namely, papyrus; and] of which mats are made; (Msb;) [app. meaning rushes in general: but the former is generally meant by it in the present day, and is probably the proper signification: anciently, mats, as well as ropes and sails &c., were made of the rind of the papyrus; and even small boats were constructed of its stalks bound together; and of such, probably, was the ark in which the infant Moses was exposed: it is a coll. gen. n.:] n. un.

بَرْدِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) Hence, قَطْنُ البَرْدِىّ The cotton of the papyrus, which, resembling wool, is gathered from the stalk, and, mixed with lime, composes a very tenacious kind of cement. (Golius, from Ibn-Maaroof.) b2: [Also, a rel. n. from the same, meaning Of, or belonging to, or resembling, the plant so called. Hence the saying,] لَهَا سَاقٌ بَرْدِيَّةٌ [She has a shank like a papyrus-stalk]. (A.) بُرْدِىٌّ One of the most excellent sorts of dates: (S, Msb:) an excellent sort of dates, (AHn, M, K,) resembling the بَرْنِىّ: (AHn, M:) or a sort of dates of El-Hijáz. (TA.) بَرْدَانٌ Feeling cold or chilly or cool: fem. with ة: perhaps post-classical; for I have not found it mentioned in any of the lexicons.]

بُرَادٌ: see بَارِدٌ.

A2: Also Weakness of the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) [See also 1.]

بَرُودٌ: see بَارِدٌ. b2: Beverage that cools the heat of thirst. (T.) b3: Also, (T, L, K,) and ↓ مَبْرُودٌ, (T, M, A, L, K,) Bread upon which water is poured; (T, L, K;) which is moistened with cold water: (A:) eaten by women to make them fat. (M, A, L.) The subst. applied to such bread is ↓ بَرِيدٌ (A.) b4: بَرُودٌ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates] also signifies Cold water which one pours upon his head. (M.) b5: Anything with which a thing is rendered cold, or cooled. (S, M.) b6: A collyrium which cools the eye; (Lth, T, M, Msb;) also termed بَرُودُ العَيْنِ. (T, S.) b7: بَرُودُ الظِّلِّ (assumed tropical:) Pleasant in social intercourse: applied alike to the male and the female. (TA, from a trad.) b8: ثَوْبٌ بَرُودٌ A garment without nap: (K:) and a garment that is not warm nor soft. (TA.) بَرِيدٌ: see بَرُودٌ.

A2: Also A mule appointed [ for the conveyance of messengers] in a رِبَاط [or public building for the accommodation of travellers and their beasts, or in a سِكَّة, which is a house or the like specially appropriated to messengers and the beasts that carry them: thus it signifies a postmule: afterwards, it was applied also to a posthorse, and any beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers]: (Mgh:) [this is what is meant by the words in the S and K, البَرِيدُ المُرَتَّبُ:] it is a word of Persian origin, (Z in the Fáïk,) arabicized, from بُرِيدَهْ دُمْ, (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh,) i. e. “docked,” or “having the tail cut off;” for the post-mules (بِغَالُ البَرِيدِ) had their tails cut off in order that they might be known: (Z in the Fáïk:) [or perhaps it is from the Hebrew פֶּרֶד “a mule:”] or it is applied to the beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers (دَابَّةُ البَرِيدِ) because he traverses the space called بَرِيد [defined below: but the reason before given for this appellation is more probable: it is like the Lat. “veredus”]: (T, Msb:) pl. بُرُدٌ (Z, Mgh, Msb) and بُرْدٌ, which is a contraction of the former, like as رُسْلٌ is of رُسُلٌ. (Z.) You say, حُمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى البَرِيِد [Such a one was borne on the postmule or post-horse]. (S.) Imra-el-Keys speaks of a بريد of the horses of Barbar. (S.) b2: Having been originally used in the sense first explained above, it was afterwards applied to A messenger borne on a post-mule [or post-horse]: (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh:) or messengers on beasts of the post: (M, K:) or a messenger that journeys with haste: (A:) or [simply] a messenger: (S, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (M, * Z.) Hence the saying, الحُمَّى بَرِيدُ المَوْتِ Fever is the messenger of death: (T, Msb:) because it gives warning thereof. (T.) Hence also البَرِيدُ applied to The animal called الفُرَانِقُ, (said to be the jackal, but some say otherwise, TA,) because he gives warning before [the approach of] the lion. (T, S, K.) and صَاحِبُ البَرِيِد [The master of the messengers that journey on post-mules or post-horses]. (S.) [and خَيْلٌ البَرِيِد, occurring in many histories &c., The post-horses, that carry messengers and others.] b3: Also, having been applied to a messenger on a post-mule [or post-horse], it then became applied to The space, or distance, traversed by the messenger thus called; (Mgh, Msb; *) the space, or distance, between each سِكَّة and the سِكَّة next to it; the سكّة being a structure of either of the kinds called بَيْت and قُبَّة, or a رِبَاط [explained above], in which the appointed messengers lodge; (Z in the Fáïk;) the space, or distance, between two stations, or places of alighting; or two parasangs, or leagues; (M, K;) [six miles;] each parasang, or league, being three miles, and each mile being four thousand cubits: (TA:) or twelve miles; (S, A, Msb, K;) i. e. four parasangs, or leagues: (Mgh, TA:) [for] the space, or distance, between each station termed سِكَّة and the next to it is either two parasangs or four: (Z in the Fáïk:) the distance of twelve miles is [also] termed سِكَّةُ البَرِيِد: (T:) the pl. is as above. (T, Z.) A journey of four بُرُد, or forty-eight miles, renders it allowable to shorten prayers; which miles are of the Háshimee measure, such as are measured on the road to Mekkeh. (T.) b4: Also The course, or pace, of a camel along the space thus called: so in the following verse of Muzarrid, in praise of 'Arábeh El-Owsee: فَدَتْكَ عَرَابَ اليَوْمَ أُمِّى وَ خَالَتِى

وَ نَاقَتِىَ النَّاجِى إِلَيْكَ بَرِيدُهَا [May my mother, and my maternal aunt, and my she-camel that is swift in her course to thee from one station to another, be ransoms for thee, O 'Arábeh, (the name being contracted,) this day!]. (S.) بُرَادَةٌ Filings; (M, Mgh, K;) what falls from iron [&c.] when filed. (S.) بُرُودَةٌ: see بَرْدٌ.

بَرَّادَةٌ A vessel which cools water: (M, K:) or a كَوَّازَة [app. meaning either a stand, or a shelf, upon which mugs (كِيزَان, pl. of كُوز,) are placed; erroneously in the K, كُوَّارَةٌ, and كُوَارَةٌ, as I find it in different copies;] upon which water is cooled: (Lth, T, K: *) but [Az says,] I know not whether it be a classical or a post-classical word. (T.) Hence the saying, بَاتَتْ كِيزَانُهُمْ عَلَى البَرَّادَةِ Their mugs passed the night upon the برّادة. (A, TA.) بَارِدٌ (S, M, Msb, K) Cold; chill; cool; (S, Msb;) applied to water [&c.]; (M, K;) as also ↓ بَرْدٌ, [originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ, used as an epithet,] (M, K,) and ↓ بَرُودٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بُرَادٌ; (M, K;) but the last two are intensive forms [signifying very cold or chill or cool]. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Anything loved, beloved, liked, or approved. (TA.) [Hence,] عَيْشٌ بَاردٌ (tropical:) An easy and a pleasant life, or state of life. (ISk, * T, * M, A, L, K.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ العَيْشِ, and العَيْشِ ↓ بَرْدَةُ, [the latter written in the TT بَرَدَةُ العيش,] (tropical:) A night of easy and pleasant life. (M, L.) And غَنيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ: see the latter word. b3: سَمُومٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A hot wind that is constant, continual, permanent, settled, or incessant. (S, L.) b4: لِى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A thousand [pieces of money &c.] are incumbent, or obligatory, on him, to me, and established against him; or are owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S, M. *) b5: جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بَارِدًا مُخُّهُ, and بَارِدَ العِظَامَ, (tropical:) Such a one came in a lean, or an emaciated, state: in the contr. case, one says, حَارَّا مُخُّهُ, and حَارَّ العِظَامِ. (A, TA.) b6: [بَارِدٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Blunt; applied to a sword and the like: see 1. b7: And, contr., (assumed tropical:) Sharp: for you say,] مُرْهَفَاتٌ بَوَارِدُ [pl. of بَارِدَةٌ, meaning] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, or cutting, swords: (TA:) or slaying swords. (S.) بَارِدَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Spoil acquired without fatigue; (IAar, T;) also termed غَنِيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ; and to this is likened, by the Prophet, fasting in winter. (T.) Also (assumed tropical:) Gain made by merchandise at the time of one's buying it. (IAar, T.) أَبْرَدُ [More, and most, cold, or chill, or cool]. b2: [Hence,] الأَبْرَدَانِ and ↓ البَرْدَانِ The morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; (T, S, M, K;) also called العَصْرَانِ (S, K) and الصَّرْعَانِ and الرِّدْفَانِ: (T:) or (as in the S, but in the M and K “and”) the morning-shade and evening-shade: (S, M, K:) so called because of their coldness, or coolness. (TA.) b3: See also بَرِدٌ. b4: ثَوْرٌ أَبْرَدُ A bull upon which are spots, or patches, of white and black: (S, M:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (M.) b5: and الأَبْرَدُ The leopard: fem. with ة: (T, K: [but in the TT, the fem. is written like the masc.:]) pl. الأَبَارِدُ. (T, K.) The female is also called الخَيْثَمَةُ. (T.) إِبْرَدَةُ, (S, M, &c.,) with kesr (S, Mgh, K) to the ء and the ر (Mgh, TA,) [in the CK اِبْرَدَة,] Cold in the belly, or inside; (M, K;) a well-known malady, arising from the prevalence of cold and humidity, and preventing one, by languor, from performing the act of coition: (S, Mgh:) and a dripping of the urine, which prevents a man's taking pleasure in women. (T, L.) b2: Also Coldness of the damp earth, and of rain. (M, L.) An Arab says, إِنَّهَا لَبَارِدَةٌ اليَوْمَ [Verily it (the morning, الغَدَاةُ, L) is cold to-day]; and another says to him, لَيْسَتْ بِبَارِدَةٍ إِنَّمَا هِىَ إِبْرِدَةُ الثَّرَى [It is not cold: it is only the coldness of the damp earth]. (S, L.) مُبْرَدٌ [pass. part. n. of 4]. You say, أَرْضٌ مُبْرَدَةٌ: see مَبْرُودٌ.

مُبْرِدٌ [act. part. n. of 4]. You say, جِئْنَاكَ مُبْرِدِينَ We came to thee when the heat had become allayed. (T.) A2: Also One sending, or who sends, a بَرِيد [or بُرُد, i. e., a messenger on a post-mule or posthorse, or messengers on post-mules or post-horses]. (S.) مِبْرَدٌ (S, K, &c.) A file; (M;) syn. سُوهَانٌ; (M, K;) which is a Persian word: (M:) pl. مَبَارِدُ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] جَعَلَ لِسَانِهِ عَلَيْهِ مُبْرِدًا (tropical:) [He made his tongue like a file upon him; i. e.] he annoyed him, or hurt him, with his tongue, and vituperated him. (A.) [See a saying of Moosà Ibn-Jábir voce جِنٌّ.]

مَبْرَدَةٌ [A cause of coldness or coolness]. You say, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ مَبْرَدَةٌ لِلْبَدَنِ [This thing is a cause of coldness, or coolness, to the body]: and As relates that he said to an Arab of the desert, “What induceth thee to take a sleep in the morning while the sun is yet low?” and he answered, إِنَّهَا مَبْرَدَةٌ فِى الصَّيْفِ مَسْخَنَةٌ فِى الشِّتَآءِ [Verily it is a cause of coolness in the summer, and a cause of warmth in the winter]. (S, A.) مُبَرَّدٌ: see what follows.

مَبْرُودٌ Made, or rendered, cold or chill or cool: (S, Msb, K:) [and ↓ مُبَرَّدٌ signifies the same in an intensive manner:] applied to water [&c.: or signifying mixed with snow: see بَرَدَهُ]. (K.) b2: شَجَرَةٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ A tree deprived of its leaves by the cold. (AHn, M.) b3: أَرْضٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ مُبْرَدَةٌ (K) Land, or ground, hailed upon: (M, K:) or snowed upon. (A, TA.) b4: See also بَرُودٌ.