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قث

Entries on قث in 4 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, and 1 more
قث
القَثَاثُ: المَتَاعُ، جاءَ يَقُث مالاً وعِيَالاً: أي يَجُرُّ. والقَثُّ: السوْقُ.
والمِقَثَّةُ: خَشَبَةٌ عَرِيْضَةٌ يَلْعَب بها الصَبيانُ. والقَث: حَشِيْشٌ يُحْصَدُ ويُطْحَن ويُخْبَزُ منه. وقث يَقُث: أي أكَلَ. وقث الشحْمَ على النار لينْضِجَه.
وانْتَقَلَ القَوْمُ بقَثِيْثَتِهم وبقَثَاثَتِهم: أي بجَماعَتِهم. والقَثِيْثَةُ: الفَسِيلةُ. وما تَسَاقَطَ في أصول الشَجَر. واقْتَث القَوْمَ من أصلهم: أي اسْتَأصَلهم. واقْتثَّ يَدَه: قَطَعَها.
وقَثَثْت الوتدَ: إذا رغْتَه بيَدِكَ كي تَنْتَزِعَه. والقثاث: بمنزلة القتات للنمام. والمقثوث: المقلوع والمنثور.

قث

1 قَثَّ, as an inf. n., of which the verb is قَثَّ, aor. ـُ (M, O, TA,) signifies The collecting (O, TA) of مَال [i. e. cattle, or other property], (TA,) and (O, TA) so قِثِّيثَى, (O, K, TA,) with kesr, (TA, but written in the O قَثّيثى,) used in relation to مال: (K, TA:) or the collecting of a thing largely, or abundantly. (IDrd, M, O, TA.) and The drawing, or dragging, along, (M, K,) of a thing. (M.) And The driving along. (M, K.) One says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ يَقُثُّ مَالًا [Such a one came] drawing, or dragging, along, (S, O,) and driving along, (O,) مال [i. e. cattle]. (S, O.) And جَآءَ يَقُثُّ دُنْيَا عَرِيضَةٌ [He came] drawing, or dragging, along [ample worldly property]. (M.) And قَثَّ السَّيْلُ الغُثَآءَ [The torrent] drove along [the rubbish, and scum, and rotten leaves mixed with the scum, or the like]. (TA.) b2: And The pulling out, or up; or uprooting, or eradicating; (O, K, TA;) as also ↓ اِقْتِثَاثٌ. (K, TA.) One says, ↓ اقتثّ حَجَرًا مِنْ مَكَانِهِ (O, TA) He pulled out, or up, a stone from its place: (O:) and القَوْمَ مِنْ ↓ اقتثّ

أَصْلِهِمْ [He extirpated the people, or party]; (O, * TA;) as also اِجْتَثَّهُمْ: and ↓ اُقْتُثَّ and اُجْتُثَّ It was uprooted: قَثٌّ and جَثٌّ are one [in meaning]. (TA.) b3: And The eating [a thing]. (O.) 8 إِقْتَثَ3َ see above, in four places, in the last two sentences but one. b2: One says also, اقتثّ يَدَهُ He cut off [his hand, or arm]. (O.) قُثَاثٌ [and ↓ قُثَاثَةٌ] Household-goods, or utensils and furniture; (M, O, K;) and the like. (M.) One says, جَاؤُوا بِقُثَاثِهِمْ and ↓ بِقُثَاثَتِهِمْ [lit. They came with their household-goods, &c.,] meaning they left not anything behind them. (M.) قَثِيْثٌ Shoots of palm-trees when they are first pulled off from the mother-trees: as also جَثِيْثٌ. (O, TA.) b2: [And] القَثِيثُ signifies What become scattered at the bases of grape-vines: [or] accord. to Az, as mentioned by El-Fárisee, what become scattered at the bases of the branches of palm-trees. (M.) قَثَاثَةٌ: see قَثِيثَةٌ, in two places.

قُثَاثَةٌ: see قُثَاثٌ, in two places.

قَثِيثَةٌ A collective body (O, K) of men; (O;) and ↓ قَثَاثَةٌ signifies the same. (K.) One says, اِنْتَقَلَ القَوْمُ بِقَثِيثَتِهِمْ [and ↓ بِقَثَاثَتِهِمْ (in the O erroneously written قَثَاثِيهِمْ)] The people, or party, removed with their collective body. (O.) مَقَثَّةٌ Multitude: (As, O, K, TA:) like مَفَثَّةٌ. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ ذُو مَقَثَّةٍ Such a one has a multitude, or large number [of adherents or the like]. (O.) And مَا أَكْثَرَ مَقَثَّتَهُمْ [How numerous is their multitude!]. (O.)
باب القاف مع الثاء ق ث مستعمل فقط

قث: القثاث: المتاع ونحوه. وجاء فلان يقُثُّ مالاً ويُقُثُّ معه دنيا عريضة أي يجر معه. والمِقَثَّةُ والمِطَثَّةُ لغتان، وهي خشبة مستديرة عريضة يلعب بها الصبيان، ينصبون شيئاً ثم يجتثونه عن موضعه. ويقولون: قَثَثْناه وطَثَثْناه عن موضِعِه قثا وطثا. والقت: حشيش ينبت يتيماً يحصد ويطحن ويخبز منه الخبز.
الْقَاف والثاء

رجل قرثل: زري قصير.

وَالْأُنْثَى: قرثلة.

والقنثر: الْقصير.

الثفروق: علاقَة مَا بَين النواة والقمع.

وَرجل قبثر، وقباثر: خسيس خامل.

والنقثلة: مشْيَة تثير التُّرَاب.

وَقد نقثل.

والقفثلة: جرف الشَّيْء بِسُرْعَة.

والبلاثق: المَاء الْكثير.

وَعين بلاثق: كَثِيرَة المَاء.

والبلاثق: الْآبَار الميهعة الغزيرة، قَالَ:

بلاثق خضرًا ماؤهن قليص

وناقة بلثق: غزيرة. عَن ابْن الْأَعرَابِي، وانشد:

بلاثق نعم قلاص المحتلب

والقميثل: الْقَبِيح المشية.

عش

Entries on عش in 5 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, and 2 more
العين والشين
. عش: العش: للطير في رؤوس الشجر. والعَشة من الشجر: الدقيقة القُضبان. وامرأةٌ عَشة: دقيقة العظام. وسقى سَجْلاً عَشاً: أي قليلاً. وعَش العطيةَ: قللها. والمَعَش: المطلب.
وأعْشَشْتُ القوم: أعجلْتَهم عن أمرهم. وإذا تأذوا بك فذهبوا عنك أيضاً. وأعَش الظبيَ من كناسه: أزعجه. وجاء بالمال من عَشه وبَشه: أي من جَهده. وعشه بالقضيب: ضَرَبَه ضربات.
وبعير عَشوش: ضعيف من الضرْب أو السيْر. وعَشَشْت القميصَ: رَقَعته.
والعَشَّةُ من الابل: المنحنية الى القوايم؛ بينة العَشَش والعَشَاشة والعشُوشة. وعَششَ الخبزُ: تكرج. وأعْشاش: موضع. وفسر: عَزَفْتَ بإعشاش: أي بِكِبَرٍ.

عش

1 عَشَّ, (TK,) inf. n. عَشٌّ, (K,) He (a bird) kept to his عُشّ [or nest in a tree]. (K, TK.) 2 عشّش, inf. n. تَعْشِيشٌ, He (a bird) made for himself a nest in a tree; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ اعتشّ, (A, K,) or اعتشّ عُشَّهُ, (O,) inf. n. اِعْتِشَاشٌ. (TA.) b2: It is said in a trad., (A, K,) in the story of Umm-Zara, (O, TA,) لَا تَمْلَأُ بَيْتَنَا تَعْشِيشًا, meaning She will not be unfaithful with respect to our food, or wheat, by hiding somewhat in every corner, (A, O, K,) like birds that make their nests in sundry place, (O,) so that it becomes like the nest of the bird in a tree, (A, O,) or so that it becomes like the place where the birds make their nests in a tree. (K.) [See another reading in the first paragraph of art. غش.] b3: You say also, of a person greatly erring, and obstinately persevering in evil, عشّش الشَّيْطَانُ فِى قَلْبِهِ (assumed tropical:) [The devil hath made a nest in his heart]. (TA in art. فحص.) A2: عشّش الخُبْزُ The bread became mouldy, or spoiled and overspread with greenness, (S, A, O, K,) and dried up. (S.) A3: عشّش الخُبْزَ He left the bread until it became mouldy, or spoiled and overspread with greenness [and dried up]. (A.) 8 إِعْتَشَ3َ see the next preceding paragraph.

عَشٌّ: see the paragraph here following.

عُشٌّ The nest of a bird, formed of what it collects together, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) of slender pieces of sticks, (S, A, O, K,) &c., (S, O,) or of fragments of sticks, (Mgh, Msb,) in which it lays its eggs, (Mgh,) in a tree, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in the branches thereof; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ عَشٌّ: (A, K:) but if in a mountain, (S, O, Msb,) or a building, (Msb,) or a wall or the like, (S, O,) it is called وَكْرٌ, and وَكْنٌ; and if in the ground, أُفْحُوصٌ, (S, O, Msb,) and أُدْحِىٌّ: (S, O:) or the nest of a raven or other bird, upon a tree, when it is dense, or compact, and large: (Lth, T:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْشَاشٌ (S, Msb) and [of mult.]

عِشَاشٌ and عِشَشَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb) and عُشُوشٌ. (TA.) [See also عُشْعُشٌ.] It is said in a prov., quoted in a خُطْبَة of El-Hajjáj, (O, TA,) لَيْسَ هٰذَا بِعُشِّكِ فَادْرُجِى [(assumed tropical:) This is not thy nest, or] thou hast no right in this; therefore go thy way: (A, O, K: *) addressed to him who alights in a place of abode not befitting him: (A, TA:) or to him who raises himself above his rank: and to him who applies himself to a thing not of his business to do: and to him who is at case in an improper time; wherefore he is thus ordered to be diligent and in motion. (TA.) And in another prov., (TA,) تَلَمَّسْ أَعْشَاشَكَ (assumed tropical:) Seek thou, or seek thou repeatedly, after pretexts, and [causes for] false accusation, in thy family (O, L, K, TA) and those belonging to thee: (TA:) [not in others: (see Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 235:)] nearly like the former proverb. (TA.) [In the CK, تَلَمَّسَ is erroneously put for تَلَمَّسْ.]

عُشَيْشَةٌ and عُشَيْشِيَةٌ: see art. عشو.

عُشَيْشَانٌ and عُشَيْشِيَانٌ: see art. عشو.

عُشْعُشٌ, (IAar, S,) or عَشْعَشٌ, as written by Sgh, (TA,) or both, (O, K,) A nest such as is called عُشّ, when heaped up, one part upon another. (IAar, S, O, K.) مَوْضِعُ كَذَا مُعَشَّشُ الطُّيُورِ [Such a place is the place where the birds make their nests in the branches of trees]. (S, O, K. *)
الْعين والشين

عُشُّ الطَّائِر: الَّذِي جمع من حطام العيدان وَغَيرهَا، فيبيض فِيهِ، يكون فِي الْجَبَل وَغَيره. وَجمعه: أعْشاش، وعِشاش، وعُشوش، وعِشَشَة، قَالَ رؤبة فِي العُشوش:

لَولَا حُباشاتُ من التَّحبيشِ ... لِصِبيْةٍ كأفْرُخ العُشُوشِ

واعْتَشَّ الطَّائِر: اتخذ عُشّا، قَالَ يصف نَاقَة:

يَتْبَعُها ذُو كدْنَةٍ جُرَائِضُ

لخَشبِ الطَّلْحِ هَصُورٌ هائضُ

بحيثُ يعْتَشُّ الغُرابُ البائِضُ

قَالَ: البائض، وَهُوَ ذكر، لِأَن لَهُ شركَة فِي الْبيض، فَهُوَ فِي مَذْهَب الْوَالِد.

وعَشَّش الطَّائِر: كاعْتَشّ.

والعَشَّة: الأَرْض القليلة الشّجر. والعَشَّة من الشّجر: الدقيقة القضبان. وَقيل: هِيَ المفترقة الأغصان، الَّتِي لَا تواري مَا وَرَاءَهَا. والعَشَّة أَيْضا من النّخل: الصَّغِيرَة الرَّأْس، القليلة السعف، وَالْجمع عِشاش. وَقد عَششت. وَقيل لرجل من الْعَرَب: " مَا فعل نخل بني فلَان؟ " فَقَالَ: " عَشَّش أَعْلَاهُ، وصَنْبَرَ أَسْفَله ". وَالِاسْم العَشَش.

وَرجل عَشّ: دَقِيق عِظَام الْيَد وَالرجل، وَقيل: دَقِيق عِظَام السَّاقَيْن والذراعين.

وَالْأُنْثَى عَشَّة. قَالَ:

لعَمْرُكَ مَا لَيْلَى بورْهاءَ عِنْفِصٍ ... وَلَا عَشَّةٍ خَلْخالُها يتَقَعْقَعُ

وَقيل العَشَّة: الطَّوِيلَة القليلة اللَّحْم، وَكَذَلِكَ الرجل. وَأطلق بَعضهم العَشَّة من النِّسَاء، فَقَالَ: هِيَ القليلة اللَّحْم.

وَرجل عَشّ: مهزول، أنْشد ابْن الأعرابيّ:

تَضْحَكُ مِنِّي أنْ رأتْني عَشَّا

وقَدْ أرَاها وشَوَاها الْحَمْشَا

ومِشْفَراً إنْ نَطَقَتْ أرَشَّا

كمِشْفَرِ النَّابِ تَلُوكُ الفَرْشَا

الفَرْش: الغَمْض من الأَرْض، فِيهِ العُرْفُطُ والسَّلَم، وَإِذا أَكلته الْإِبِل أرخت أفواهها.

وعَشَّ الْمَعْرُوف يَعُشُّه عَشًّا: قلله.

وَسَقَى سَجْلا عَشًّا: أَي قَلِيلا نزرا.

وعَشَّش الْخبز: يبس وأعَشَّه عَن حَاجته: أعجَلَه. وأعَشّ الْقَوْم، وأعَشَّ بهم: اعجلهم عَن امرهم، وَكَذَلِكَ إِذا نزل بهم على كره، حَتَّى يَتَحَوَّلُوا من اجله. قَالَ يصف القطاة:

وصَادقةٍ مَا خَبَّرَتْ قد بَعَثْتُها ... طُرُوقا وَبَاقِي الليلِ فِي الأرْض مُسْدِفُ

وَلَو تُرِكتْ نامتْ وَلَكِن أعَشَّها ... أَذَى من قِلاصٍ كالحَنِىِّ المُعَطَّفِ

ويروى: كالحنى، بِكَسْر الْحَاء.

وَجَاءُوا مُعاشِّين الصُّبْح: أَي مبادرين.

وأعْشاش: مَوضِع الْبَادِيَة، قَالَ الفرزدق:

عَزَفْتَ بأعْشاشٍ وَمَا كنتَ تَعْزِفُ ... وأنكرْتَ مِن حَدْرَاَء مَا كنتَ تعْرِفُ

ويروى: وَمَا كدت تعزف. أَرَادَ: عزفت عَن أعشاش، فأبدل الْبَاء مَكَان " عَن ". ويروى: بإعشاش، أَي بكره، يَقُول: عزفت بكرهك عَن من كنت تحب، أَي صرفت نَفسك.

والإعْشاش: الْكبر. وَقد فسرت هَذِه الرِّوَايَة فِي الْكتاب الْمُخَصّص.
باب العين والشين (ع ش، ش ع مستعملــان)

عش: العُشُّ: ما يتخذُهُ الطائر في رؤوس الأشجار للتَّفريخ، ويُجمّع عِشَشةً واعْتَشَّ الطائر إذا اتَّخذ عُشّا، قال يصف الناقة:

يَتْبَعُها ذو كُدْنَةٍ جُرائِضُ ... الخشبِ الطَّلحِ هصورٌ هائض

بحيثُ يَعْتَشُ الغُرابُ البائضُ

قال: البائض وهو ذَكرٌ، فإن قالَ قائل: الذكر لا يبيض، قيل: هو في البيض سببٌ ولذلك جعله بائضاً، على قياس والِد بمعنى الأب، وكذلك البائض، لأنَّ الوَلَدَ من الوَالِدِ ، والوَلَد والبَيْض في مذهبه شيء واحد. وشجرة عَشَّة: دقيقة القضبان، مُتَفَرِّقتُها، وتجمع عَشَّات، قال جرير:

فما شجرات عيصك في قريش ... بعَشَّاتِ الفُروعِ ولا ضَواحِ

العِيص: منْبِت خيار الشَّجر، وامرأةٌ عَشَّةٌ، ورجلٌ عَشٌّ: دقيق عظام اليَديْن والرِّجليْن، وقد عَشَّ يَعشُّ عُشوشاً، قال العجَّاج يصف نعمة البدن:

أُمرَّ منها قصبا خَدَلَّجا ... لا قَفِرا عَشَّا ولا مُهبَّجا

وقال آخر:

لعمرك ما ليلى بورهاء عِنْفِصٍ ... ولا عَشَّة خَلْخَالُها يَتَقَعْقَعُ

والرَّجُل يَعَشُّ المعروف عَشّاً، ويَسْقي سَجْلا عَشاً: أي قليلاً نَزْراً ركيكا وعَطِيَّةُ مَعشوشَةٌ: قليلة قال: يُسقيْن لا عَشاً ولا مُصرَّدا

وقال رؤبة:

حجّاجُ ما نيْلك بالمَعْشُوشِ  ... ولا جدا وَبْلك بالطَّشيشِ

المَعشُوش: القليل. والمَعَشُّ: المطلب، والمَعَسُّ بالسين لغة فيه، قال الأخطل:

معفرة لا ينكهُ السَّيفُ وسْطها ... إذا لم يكن فيها معشّ لطالب

وأَعْشَشْتُه عن أمره، أي أعجلته، وكذلك إذا ما تَأَذَّى بمَكَانِك فذهب كراهة قُرْبِك. قال الفرزدق يصف قطاة:

ولو تُركت نامتْ ولكنْ أعشَّها ... أذى من قِلاصٍ كالحَنِيِّ المُعطَّفِ

الحَنِيِّ: القوس، وقول الفرزدق:

عزفْت بأعشاشٍ وما كنْت تعْزِفُ ... وأنكرْت من حدراء ما كنت تعرف

فأعشاش اسم موضع،

وفي الحديث نهى عن تَعشيش الخُبْز

وهو أن يُتْرك منضّداً حتى يتكرَّج، ويقال: عَشَّشَ الخُبْز أي تكرَّج. وقول العرب: عَشِّ ولا تغتر: أي عش إبلك هنا ولا تطْلب أفضل منه، فلَعَّلك لا تجده، ويَفوتُك هذا فتكونُ قد غررت بمالك. شع: شَعْشَعْتُ الشراب: مَزَجْتُهُ، قال عمرو بن كلثوم:

مُشَعْشَعَةٌ كأنّ الحُصّ فيها ... إذا ما الماءُ خالطها سَخينا

يعني أنها مَمزوجة. ويقال للثَّريدَةِ الزُّريقاء : شَعْشَعْتُها بالزَّيْتِ إذا سَغْبَلْتُها به. والشَّعْشَعُ والشَّعْشَاعُ والشَّعْشعان: الطويل العُنُق من كلِّ شيء، قال العجَّاج:

تحْت حِجاجيْ شذْقمٍ مضْبُور ... في شَعْشَعانِ عُنُقٍ مسْجُور

وقال:

يمُطّون من شَعْشَاعِ غير مُوَدَّنٍ

أي غير قصير. وأَشعَّت الشَّمس أي نشرت شُعاعها وهو ما ترى كالرماح ويُجمع على شُعُع وأشِعَّة. وشعاعُ السُّنُبلِ: سفاهُ ما دام عليه يابساً قال أبو النجم:

لِمَّةَ قَفْرٍ كَشَعَاع السُّنْبُلِ

وتطاير القومُ شعاعا، أي مُتفرِّقين، قال سليمان:

وطار الجُفاةُ الغُواةُ العمُون ... شعاعاً تفرّقُ أديانُها

أي عمُون عن دينهم، ولو ضربْت على حائط قصبا فطارت قِطَعا قلت: تفرَّقت شعاعا، قال:

لطار شعاعا رمحه وتشققا 
الْعين والشين

الشَّعّلَّع: الطَّوِيل.

والشَّعْصّب: العاسِي. وشّعْصَبَ الشَّيْخُ: عَسا والعَشْزَنَة: الخِلاف.

والعَشَنْزَر: الشَّديد الخَلْق الْعَظِيم منْ كلّ شَيْء وَالْأُنْثَى بِالْهَاءِ.

وسَيْرٌ عَشْنزَرٌ: شديدٌ.

والعَشَوْزَن، كالعَشَنْزرِ.

والعَشَوْزَن أَيْضا: العَسير المُلْتَوِي من كل شَيْء.

وأسدٌ عَشَزَّبٌ: شديدٌ.

والعَشَنَّط: الطَّوِيل من الرِّجَال. وَقيل: هُوَ التَّارُّ الظريف مَعَ حُسْن جِسْم.

والعَنْشَط: الطَّويلُ مِن الرِّجال كالعَشَنَّطِ.

والعَنْشَط أَيْضا: السَّيِّئ الخُلُقِ. وعَنْشطَ: غَضِبَ.

والعَنَشَّط: الطَّويل كالعَشَنَّطِ.

وطَعْشَبٌ: اسمٌ، حَكَاهُ ابْن دُرَيْد، قَالَ: وَلَيْسَ بثَبتٍ.

وبعير دِرْعَوْشٌ: شَدِيدٌ.

والعَيْدَشُونُ: دُوَيْبةٌ.

والشِّبدِعَةُ: العقْرَبُ. والشِّبْدع: اللِّسان. تَشْبِيها بهَا، وَفِي الحَدِيث " مَنْ عَضَّ عَلى شِبْدِعه سَلم من الاثامِ ".

والمُشَعْبِذ: الهازيء. كالمُشَعْوِذِ.

والشَّيْتَعُورُ: الشَّعير عَن ابْن دُرَيْد. وَقَالَ ابْن جني: إِنَّمَا هُوَ الشَّيْتَغُورُ بالغين الْمُعْجَمَة، وَسَيَأْتِي.

وشَعْفَرُ: بَطْنٌ من بني ثعلبةَ يُقَال لَهُم بَنو السِّعلاةِ، وَقيل: هِيَ اسْم امرأةٍ عَن ابْن الاعرابي وانشد:

صادتْك يَوْم الرَّمْلَتَين شَعْفَرُ

وَقَالَ ثعلبٌ: هِيَ شَغْفَرُ بالغين.

والشُّرْعافُ والشُّرْعافُ بِكَسْر الشِّين وَضمّهَا كافُور طَلْعَةِ الفُحَّالِ، أزْديَّةٌ.

والشُّرْعُوفُ: نَبْثٌ أَو ثَمَرُ نَبْتِ.

والعَشْرَبُ: الخَشِنُ.

وأسَدٌ عَشَرَبٌ كَعَشَزَّبِ.

وَرجل عُشارِبٌ: جريء ماضٍ.

وَرجل شَرْعَبٌ: طويلٌ خفيفُ الْجِسْم. وَقيل: هُوَ الخفيفُ الْجِسْم. وَالْأُنْثَى بِالْهَاءِ.

والشَّرْعَييّ: الطَّويل الحسنُ الجِسْمِ.

وشَرْعَبَ الشَّيءَ: طَوَّلَه قَالَ طُفَيْلٌ: أسِيلَهُ مَجْرَى الدَّمْعِ خُمْصانَةُ الحَشىَبَرُودُ الثَّنايا ذاتُ خَلْقٍ مُشَرْعَبِ

وشَرْعَبَهُ: قَطَعَه طُولاً. وخَصَّ بعضُهُم بِهِ اللحْمَ والاديم والشَّرْعَبَة: القطعةُ مِنْهُ.

والشَّرْعَبِيَّةُ: ضَرْبٌ من البُرُودِ.

والشَّرْعَبِيَّةُ: مَوْضعٌ، قَالَ الاخطل:

وَلَقَد بَكى الجَحَّافُ مَمَّا أوْقَعَتْ ... بالشَّرعَبِيَّةِ إِذْ رَأى الأطْفالا

والبِرْشَعُ والبِرْشاعُ: السَّيئ الخُلُقِ.

والبِرْشاعُ: المنتفخُ الجَوْفِ الَّذِي لَا فُؤَادَ لَهُ. وَقيل: هُوَ الأحمق. وَقيل: هُوَ الأحمق الطويلُ.

وأسَدٌ عَشَرَّمٌ كَعَشَرَّبٍ.

ورجُلٌ عُشارِمٌ كَعُشارِبٍ.

وعجوزٌ عَفْشَلِيلٌ: مُسِنَّةٌ مُسْترْخِيَةٌ.

وكِساءٌ عَفْشلِيلٌ: كثيرُ الوَبَرِ ثقيلٌ، ورُبما سمّيَت الضَّبُعُ عَفْشَليلاً بِهِ.

قَالَ سَاعِدَة بن جؤية:

كمَشْىِ الاقْبَل السَّارِي عَلَيْهِ ... عِفاءٌ كالعَباءَة عَفْشَلِيلُ

والمُشْمَعِلُّ: المتفرقُ.

والمُشْمَعِلُّ: السَّريعُ، يكون فِي النَّاس وَالْإِبِل.

واشَمَعَلَّتِ الْإِبِل: تفرَّقتْ مُسْرِعةً.

وناقةٌ مُشْمِعلٌّ: خفيفةٌ نشيطةٌ.

وامرأةٌ مُشْمَعِلَّةٌ: كثيرةُ الحركةِ، انشد ثعلبٌ:

كَوَاحِدَةِ الأُدْحىّ لَا مُشْمَعِلَّةٌ ... وَلَا جحْمَةٌ تحتَ الثيابِ جَشُوبُ

جَشوبُ: خفيفةٌ. واشَمعَلَّتِ الغارَةُ: شَمِلَتْ وتفرَّقَتْ.

والمُشْمَعِلُّ: الخفيفُ الظريفُ. وَقيل: الطَّويلُ.

ولَبنٌ مُشْمَعِلٌّ: غالِبٌ بحُمُوضَته.

وشَمَلعَتِ اليهودُ: وَهِي قراءتهم.

والعِنْفِشُ: اللئِيمُ القصيرُ.

والشَّنْعَفَةُ: الطُّولُ.

ورجلٌ شِنْعافٌ: طوِيلٌ عاجِزٌ.

والشِّنعافُ والشُّنْعُوفُ: رَأسٌ يخْرُج من الجَبَل.

والشِّنْعابُ من الرِّجَال: كالشِّنْعافِ.

كد

Entries on كد in 4 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, and 1 more
كد
الكَدُّ: شِدَّة في العَمَل وطَلَبِ الكَسْب. والإِلْحَاحُ في الطلَب. والإِشارَةُ بالإِصْبَع.
والكَدْكَدَةُ: ضَرْبُ الصَّيْقَل المِدْوَسَ على السَّيْفِ إذا جَلاَه.
والكَدِيْدُ: مَوضِعٌ بالحِجاز. والتُّرَابُ الدَّقِيْقُ المَكْدُودُ المُرَكَّلُ بالقَوائم. والكُدَادَةُ: ما يُكَدُ من أسْفَل القدْرِ من المَرقَةِ الغَلِيْظةِ.
والكُدَادَةُ: قِلْدَةُ السَّمْن وثُفْلُه. وتَكَدَّدَتِ البُرْمَةُ: لَصِقَ بجَوانِبِها الكُدَادُ.
والأكِدَّةُ: بَقَايَا المَرْتَع الذي أُكِلَ وبَقِيَتْ فيه بَقَايا من أُصُوله. والكُدَادُ: حُسَافُ الصَّلِّيَانِ، يُقال: بَقِيَتْ عليهم مُرَاقَةٌ وأكِدَّة: أي بَقِيةٌ. وكذلك البَقِيَّةُ من الإِبل والكلإِ. ورَأيْتُ القَوْمَ أكْدَاداً وأكادِيْدَ: أي رَأيْتُهم مُنْهَزِمِيْنَ يَذْهَبُ كُل واحدٍ منهم في جِهَةً.
والكَدَدُ والكَتَدُ: بمعنىً وهو أصلُ العُنُق إلى أسْفَل الكَتِفَيْن. وكَدْكَدَ فلانٌ في ضحكِه: أي قَهْقَهَ، والرَّجُلُ كَدْكادٌ. والكَدْكَدَةُ: الطَّرْدُ. وكُدْكِدُوا وكُبْكِبُوا: بمعنىً واحِدٍ أي رُمِيَ بعضُهم على بعض وقُلِبُوا.
وإذا كانَتِ الناقَةُ لا تَدُرُّ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ جُهْدٍ فهيَ كَدُوْدٌ، وهُنَّ كَدْودٌ. وكذلك الرَّجُلُ إذا لم يُعْطِ إِلاَّ في عَسَرٍ: كَدُوْدٌ.
والآبارُ الكَدَايِدُ: في قلَّةِ الماءِ.
وكانَ ابنُ هُبَيْرَةَ يقول: كُدُّوْني فإنّي مُكَدّ: أي سَلُوني فإنّي أُعْطي على السُّؤال. والكِدَّةُ: الغَلِيظةُ من الأرَضِين لأنَها تَكدُّ الماشِيَ فيها أي تَجْهدُه.
باب الكاف والدال ك د، د ك مستعملــان

كد: الكَدُّ: الشدة في العمل، وطلب الكسب.. يكُدُّ كدّاً. والكدُّ: الإلحاح في الطلب، والإشارة بالأصابع، قال:

[غنيت فلم أردُدْكُمُ عند بغية] ... وحجت ولم أكدُدْكُمُ بالأصابع

والكَدْكَدَةُ: ضرب الصيقل المدوس على السيف إذا جلاه. والكَدِيدُ: موضع بالحجاز. والكديد: التراب المدقوق المكدود المركل بالقوائم، قال:

[مسح إذا ما السابحات على الونى] ... أثرن غباراً بالكَديدِ المركل

دك: الدُّكُّ: شبه التل، والجميع: دِكَكَة، وأدك لأدنى العدد. والدَّك: كسر الحائط [والجبل] ، قال الله عظم عزه: جَعَلَهُ دَكًّا ، ويقرأ: دَكَّاءَ. ودكَّتْهُ الحمى دكا. وأقمت عنده حولاً دكيكاً، أي: تاماً، قال:

أقمت بجرجان حولاً دكيكا ... أروح وأغدو اختلافا وشيكا

والدَّكداكُ: الرمل المتلبد، والدَّكادِكُ جماعة، قال:

يدع الحزون دكادكا ورمالا

والدُّكّانُ: يقال: هو فعلان [من الدّكّ] . ويقال: هو فعال [من الدَّكْن] . و (الدكاوات) : تلال خلقة لا يفرد له واحد. ورجل مِدَكٌّ: شديد الوطء. قال الضرير: الدّكادك جماعة الدكدك.
الْكَاف وَالدَّال الكُنْدُث، والكُنَادِث: الصلب.

والدَّركْلة: لعبة يلْعَب بهَا الصّبيان.

وَقيل: هِيَ لعبة للعجم، مُعرب.

والكِرْدَين: الفأس الْعَظِيمَة لَهَا رَأس وَاحِد.

وَهُوَ: الكَرْدَن، أَيْضا.

وكِرْدِين: لقب مسمع بن عبد الْملك.

والكُنْدَر، والكُنَادِر من الرِّجَال: الغليظ الْقصير.

وحمار كُنْدُر، وكُنادِر، أَيْضا: عَظِيم، ذهب بِهِ سِيبَوَيْهٍ إِلَى أَنه رباعي، وَذهب غَيره إِلَى أَنه ثلاثي بِدَلِيل كُدُرّ. وَقد تقدم.

والكُنْدُر: ضرب من العلك.

وَقيل: هُوَ اسْم جَمِيع العلك، الْوَاحِدَة: كُنْدُرة.

والكَنْدَر، من الأَرْض: مَا غلظ وارتفع.

وكُنْدُرة الْبَازِي: مجثمه.

والكَنْدَر: ضرب من حِسَاب الرّوم، وَهُوَ حِسَاب النُّجُوم.

وكِنْدِير: اسْم، مثل بِهِ سِيبَوَيْهٍ، وَفَسرهُ السيرافي.

والدُّرْنوك، والدِّرْنيك: ضرب من الثِّيَاب لَهُ خمل قصير كخمل المناديل، وَبِه تشبه فَرْوَة الْبَعِير والأسد، قَالَ:

عَن ذِي درانيك ولِبدٍ أهدبا

والدُّرْنوك، والدِّرْنِيك: الطِنْفِسة. وَأما قَول الراجز يصف بَعِيرًا:

كَأَنَّهُ مُجَلَّل دَرَنِكا فقد يكون جمع: دُرْنُوك. وَهُوَ مَا قدمنَا من أَنه ضرب من الثِّيَاب لَهُ خمل قصير كخمل المناديل، وَإِنَّمَا يُرِيد أَن عَلَيْهِ وبرعامين أَو أَعْوَام.

وَأَرَادَ: " درانيكا " فَحذف الْيَاء للضَّرُورَة، وَقد يجوز أَن يكون جمع: الدِّرْنِك الَّتِي هِيَ الطِنْفِسة.

والكَرْدَم والكُرْدُوم: الرجل الْقصير الضخم.

وكَرْدَم الرجل: اسْم رجل.

وتكَرْدَم فِي مشيته: عدا من فزع.

والكَرْدمة: عَدو الْبَغْل.

وَقيل: الْإِسْرَاع.

وَقيل: الشد المتثاقل.

والمُكَرْدِم: النفور.

والمكردِم، أَيْضا: المتذلل المتصاغر.

والدُّرْمُوك: الطنفسة كالدُّرْنُوك.

والدَّرْمَك: دَقِيق الْحوَاري، قَالَ الْأَعْشَى:

لَهُ دَرْمَكٌ فِي رَأسه ومشارب ... وقِدْر وطَبَّاخ وكأس ودَيْسَق

والكَنْدَلي: شجر يدبغ بِهِ، وَهُوَ من دباغ السَّنَد، ودباغه يَجِيء احمر، حَكَاهُ أَبُو حنيفَة.

وَقَالَ مرّة: هُوَ الكَنْدَلاء، فَمد، قَالَ: وَمَاء الْبَحْر عَدو كل شجر إِلَّا الكَنْدَلاَء وَالْقَرْمُ، وَقد تقدم ذَلِك فِي القُرْم.

وَأَبُو دُباكِل: من شعرائهم.

والكُلْدوم: كالكُردوم.

والدُّمْلُوك: الْحجر الأملس المستدير.

وَحجر مُدَمْلَكٌ، وَسَهْم مُدَمْلَك، كِلَاهُمَا: مخلَّق. والمُدَمْلَك: المفتول المعصوب.

وتَدَمْلَك ثدي الْمَرْأَة: فلك ونهد.

والبَنَادِك من الْقَمِيص: البنائق، قَالَ ابْن الرّقاع:

كأَنّ زُرُورَ القُبْطُرِيَّة عُلِّقت ... بنادِكُها مِنْهُ بجِذْع مُقَوَّم

هَكَذَا عزاهُ أَبُو عبيد ابْن الرّقاع، وَهُوَ فِي الحماسة مَنْسُوب إِلَى ملحة الْجرْمِي.

كد

1 كُدَّ, aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. كَدٌّ, (S, L, K,) He toiled; or was, or became, vehement, or severe, (S, A, L, K,) in work; (S, A, L;) he worked laboriously; (TA;) he fatigued himself, and hastened, in his work. (L.) [You say]

بِجَدِّكَ لَا بِكَدِّكَ By thy good fortune, not by thy toil, are things attained. A proverb. (L.) and لَا تَجْعَلْ عَيْشَهُمَا كَدًّ Make not the life of them two a toil. (L, from a trad.) b2: المَسَائِلُ كَدٌّ يَكَدُّ بِهَا الرَّجُلُ وَجْهَهُ Petitions are [a cause of] dispiriting: a man thereby impairs the brightness of his countenance. (L, from a trad.) A2: كَدَّهُ, (L, K, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَدٌّ, (L,) He required of him toil, or vehemence, or severity in work, or persevering or constant exertion in striving to do a thing or in seeking a thing; as also ↓ اكتدّهُ, and ↓ استكدّهُ: (L, K:) he fatigued or wearied or jaded him; (S, * L;) namely, a beast, and a man, &c.: (L;) [like دَكَّهُ;] he plied, or pressed him, plied or pressed him hard, or harassed him, in constant work which he imposed upon him, so as to fatigue or weary him. (Az, L.) See also كَدٌّ. b2: كَدَّ (tropical:) He fatigued his tongue with speaking and his heart with thinking. (A, L.) b3: كَدَّ, aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. كَدٌّ, (L, K,) He exerted himself perseveringly, assiduously, constantly, or incessantly, (L, K,) in striving to do, effect, or accomplish, a thing, (L,) or in seeking [a thing]. (K.) b4: كَدَّ, aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. كَدٌّ, (S, L,) He sought (S, L) gain, (S,) or, sustenance, or the means of subsistence. (L.) A3: كَدَّ, aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. كَدٌّ, (S, L, K,) He pointed, or made a sign, with the finger, (S, L, K,) like as the beggar does. (S.) [It is also trans.] El-Kumeyt says, غَنِيتُ فَلَمْ أَرْدُدْكُمُ عِنْدَ بِغْيَةٍ

وَحُجْتُ فَلَمْ أَكْدُدْكُمُ بِالأَصَابِعِ [I was rich, and I did not repel you on an occasion of exigency; and I was in want, and I did not point at you with the fingers]. (S, L.) b2: ↓ كُدُّونِى فَإِنِّى مُكِدٌّ (tropical:) Ask ye of me; for I give [only] when asked. Said by Ibn-Hubeyreh. (A [but in my copy of that work, the first word is written كِدُّونِى.]) A4: كَدَّ, [aor. ـُ (tropical:) He scratched, or scraped: (L:) he scraped off a soil from a garment: (TA:) he scratched perseveringly his head, and his skin, with his nails. (A.) b2: كَدَّ, (TA,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. كَدٌّ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He combed his head. (K, TA.) b3: كَدَّ, [aor. ـُ (tropical:) He (a beast) trod the ground with his hoofs. (A, * L.) A5: كدّهُ, (aor.

كَدُ3َ, L,) He pulled or drew it out (i. e. a solid or a fluid thing) with his hand; as also ↓ اكتدّهُ. (L, K.) 2 كدّد He (a man) threw coarsely pounded salt (كَدِيد), one portion upon another. (L.) 4 اكدّ and ↓ اكتدّ (tropical:) He was tenacious, or niggardly. (L, K.) See also مُكِدٌّ.8 إِكْتَدَ3َ see 1, and 4.10 إِسْتَكْدَ3َ see 1.

R. Q. 1 كَدْكَدَ, inf. n. كَدْكَدَةٌ, He ran slowly: (S, IKtt, L:) he affected a heaviness and slowness in his gait. (K.) R. Q. 1 كَدْكَدَ عَلَى الكَدِيدِ (assumed tropical:) He ran upon the dust of the race-course. (L.) كَدٌّ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: as a subst.] A mortar in which things are pounded, or bruised; like هَاوَنٌ, or هَاوُونٌ. (S, K.) كِدَّةٌ and كُدَّةٌ see كَدِيدٌ.

كَدُودٌ A man who toils, or works, laboriously, so as to fatigue himself. (A.) b2: (tropical:) A she-camel whose milk is not obtained without labour, or exertion. (A.) بِئْرٌ كَدُودٌ (tropical:) A well of which the water is not obtained without labour, or exertion, (S, A, L, K,) and difficulty, or trouble. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) Tenacious; niggardly: (K, but omitted in some copies:) one from whom benefits are not obtained without difficulty. (A.) أَرْضٌ كَدِيدٌ (tropical:) Ground trodden with the hoofs of horses or the like. (S, * A, * L.) b2: كَدِيدٌ (tropical:) Fine dust, trodden with the feet: fine dust, which, if trodden, flies about: (L:) dust of a racecourse. (TA.) b3: Coarsely pounded salt. (L, K.) [Also,] The sound of coarsely pounded salt when it is poured out, (L, K,) one portion upon another. (L.) A2: A low, or depressed, tract of land, (بَطْنٌ, K, or بطين, L, as from A'Obeyd,) of wide extent, (L, K,) formed like a valley, or wider than a valley. (A'Obeyd, L.) b2: A rugged tract of land; (L, K;) as also ↓ كِدَّةٌ, with kesr, (K,) or ↓ كُدَّةٌ; (L;) so called because it fatigues him who walks upon it. (L.) كُدَادَةٌ The cooked food which remains in the bottom of the cooking-pot, and which is drawn out (كُدَّ) with the fingers: (Az, L:) what remains in the bottom of the cooking-pot, (As, L, K,) sticking to it, after the ladling out; (L;) as also كَدَدَةٌ (L, K) and كُدَدَةٌ: (K:) or the broth, or gravy, remaining in the bottom of the cooking-pot. (S.) b2: Also I. q. قِشْدَةٌ, (S, L, K,) [i. e.] the dregs, or sediment, of clarified butter. (L.) b3: A little that remains of pasture, or herbage. (L.) See also أَكِدَّةٌ.

كَدْكَدَةٌ a word imitative of the sound made by a thing that is struck upon a hard thing. (S, L.) اكِدَّةٌ The remains in a place of pasture which has already been eaten. (K.) See also كُدَادَةٌ and أَكْدَادٌ.

قَوْمٌ أَكْدَادٌ A quick, or swift, people: (As, S, L:) or a people composing distinct bodies, or parties, or troops; (L, art. كتد; and K;) as also ↓ أَكِدَّةٌ and أَكَادِيدُ. (K.) See also أَكْتَادٌ.

مَكْدُودٌ pass. part. n. of كَدَّ, q. v. b2: A man overcome. (L.) مُكِدٌّ (tropical:) One who gives [only] when asked. (A.) See also كَدُودٌ, and 1, and 4.

مِكَدٌّ (assumed tropical:) A comb. (K.) b2: (tropical:) An instrument for scratching or scraping. (TA.)

قد

Entries on قد in 11 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Muḥammad al-Fattinī, Majmaʿ Biḥār al-Anwār fī Gharāʾib al-Tanzīl wa Laṭāʾif al-Akhbār, and 8 more
[قد] نه: فيه: هل امتلأت؟ فتقول: هل من مزيد؟ حتى إذا أوعبوا فيها قالت: "قد قد"، أي حسبي حسبي! ويروى: قط - بمعناه. ومنه ح التلبية: فتقول: "قد قد".
قد: قد: يحذف الفعل بعد هذا الحرف وكأنه مذكور لأنه قد تقدم ما يدل عليه. ففي عباد (1: 394) مثلا:
قلت فقد أيأستني ... من الحياة قال قد
أي قد أيأستك. ونجد أمثلة لذلك في معجم مسلم.
كما يحذف الفعل أيضا بعد فكان قد. ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 288) مثلا: إن لم يكن لك فقده فكأن قد.
أي فكان قد حان. وانظر (الحريري من 311، وابن خلكان 1: 115، معجم مسلم).
قد: أنظرها في المادة التالية.

قد


قَدْ (a. A particle which is placed before the verb. Before the preterite, it generally indicates the past, &
before the aorist, the future ) Already, just, just
now; sometimes; verily, certainly.
b. Sufficient, sufficiency.

قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ
a. Zaid had just stood up.

قَدْ رَكِبَ الأَمِيْرُ
a. The commander has already mounted.

قَدْ يَقْدَمُ الغَائِبُ
a. It is expected the absent one will come.

كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ
a. He had gone away.

قَدْ يَصْدُق الكَذُوْب
a. Sometimes the liar speaks truth.

قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُم
عَلَيْهِ
a. Verily he knoweth what you are about.

قَدْنِي دِرْهَمٌ
a. A dirhem will suffice me.
[قد] الاقفد من الناس: الذى يمشي على صدور قدميه من قِبَلِ الأصابع ولا تبلُغ عَقِباهُ الأرضَ. ومن الدوابِّ: المنتصبُ الرسغ في إقبالٍ على الحافر. ويقال: فرسٌ أقْفَدُ بيِّن القَفَدِ، وهو عيب. قال أبو عبيدة: والقفد لا يكون إلا في الرجل. وقال الاصمعي: القفد: أن يميل خُفُّ البعير من اليد أو الرجل إلى الجانب الانسى. وقد قفد فهو أقفد، فإن مال إلى الوحشى فهو أصدف. وقال الشاعر الراعى: من معشر كحلت باللؤم أعينُهم * قُفْدِ الأكفِّ لئامٍ غيرِ صياب - والقفد: جنس من العِمَّةِ. يقال: اعْتَمَّ القَفْداءَ، إذا لم يسدل طَرَفَها. والقَفَدانُ، بالتحريك: فارسيٌّ معرَّب، قال ابن دريد: هو خريطة العطار.
ق د: قَدْ بِالتَّخْفِيفِ حَرْفٌ لَا يَدْخُلُ إِلَّا عَلَى الْأَفْعَالِ وَهُوَ جَوَابٌ لِقَوْلِكَ لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ. وَزَعَمَ الْخَلِيلُ أَنَّ هَذَا لِمَنْ يَنْتَظِرُ الْخَبَرَ يَقُولُ لَهُ: قَدْ مَاتَ فُلَانٌ. وَلَوْ أَخْبَرَهُ وَهُوَ لَا يَنْتَظِرُهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ: قَدْ مَاتَ. وَلَكِنْ يَقُولُ: مَاتَ فُلَانٌ. وَقَدْ تَكُونُ بِمَعْنَى رُبَّمَا قَالَ الشَّاعِرُ:

قَدْ أَتْرُكُ الْقِرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ ... كَأَنَّ أَثْوَابَهُ مُجَّتْ بِفِرْصَادِ
فَإِنْ جَعَلْتَهُ اسْمًا شَدَّدْتَهُ فَقُلْتَ: كَتَبْتُ قَدًّا حَسَنَةً. وَقَدْكَ بِمَعْنَى حَسْبُكَ اسْمٌ، تَقُولُ: قَدِي وَقَدْنِي أَيْضًا بِالنُّونِ عَلَى غَيْرِ قِيَاسٍ: لِأَنَّ هَذِهِ النُّونَ إِنَّمَا تُزَادُ فِي الْأَفْعَالِ وِقَايَةً لَهَا مِثْلُ ضَرَبَنِي وَنَحْوِهِ. 
(ق د)

قد: كلمة مَعْنَاهَا التوقع. قَالَ الْخَلِيل: هِيَ جَوَاب لقوم ينتظرون شَيْئا. وَقيل: هِيَ جَوَاب قَوْلك. لما يفعل، فَتَقول: قد فعل. قَالَ النَّابِغَة:

أفِدَ التَّرحُّلُ غيرَ أنّ ركابَنا ... لَمَّا تَزُلْ برحالنا وكأنْ قَدِ

أَي وَكَأن قد زَالَت، فَحذف الْجُمْلَة. فَأَما قَوْله:

إِذا قيل مَهْلا قَالَ حاجِزُهُ قَدِ

فَيكون على هَذَا جَوَابا، كَمَا قدمْنَاهُ فِي بَيت النَّابِغَة:

......وكَأَن قدِ

أَي قد قطع. وَيجوز أَن يكون مَعْنَاهُ: قدك أَي حَسبك، لِأَنَّهُ قد فرغ مِمَّا أُرِيد مِنْهُ فَلَا معنى لردعك وزجرك.

وَقد تكون " قد " مَعَ الْأَفْعَال الْآتِيَة بِمَنْزِلَة " رُبمَا " قَالَ الْهُذلِيّ:

قد اترك الْقرن مصفرا انامله ... كَأَن اثوابه مجت بفرصاد

وَتَكون " قد " مثل " قطّ " بِمَنْزِلَة: حسب. يَقُولُونَ: مَالك عِنْدِي إِلَّا هَذَا فقد: أَي فَقَط. حَكَاهُ يَعْقُوب وَزعم أَنه بدل، فَتَقول: قدي وقدني، وَالْقَوْل فِي قدني كالقول فِي قطني. قَالَ حميد الأرقط: قدني من نصر الخبيبين قدي

وَتَكون " قد " بِمَنْزِلَة " مَا " فينفي بهَا، سمع بعض الفصحاء يَقُول:

قد كنت فِي خير فتعرفه
قد
قَدْ: مِثْلُ قَطْ في معنى حَسْب، قَدِي وقَدْكَ. وقَدْ: حَرْفٌ يُوْجَبُ به الشَّيْءُ.
والقَدُّ: قَطْعُ الجِلْدِ. وشَقُّ الثَّوبِ، قَدَدْتُ القَمِيْصَ فانْقَدَّ. والقَدُّ: جِلْدُ السَّخْلةِ الماعِزَةِ.
وفي المَثَل: " ما يُجْعَلُ قَدُكَ إلى أدِيمِكَ " لِمَنْ تَعَدّى طَوْرَه.
وفلانٌ حَسَنُ القَدَ: أي التَقْطِيع. والقِدُّ: سَيْرٌ يُقَدُّ من جِلْدٍ غيرِ مَدْبُوغٍ، ومنه اشْتِقاق القَدِيْدِ. والقدَةُ: القِطْعَةُ من الشَيْءِ. وصارَ القَوْمُ قِدَداً: أي تَفَرَّقَتْ أهواؤهم وأحوالهم.
والقِدَّةُ: الطَّرِيْقَة. والرجُلُ يَقْتَدُّ الأمور: إذا دَبَّرَها وميزَها بعِلْمٍ وإتْقانٍ.
ورَجُلٌ قَدّادٌ: يقد الكلامَ. وهو - أيضاً -: المُخْتالُ العَظِيمُ في نَفْسِه.
ومَر يَقُدُّ الناسَ بلسانِه بَذَاءةً ونَمِيمةً. وتَقَدَّدَ البَعِيرُ: سَمِنَ بعد الهُزَال.
والقُدَيْدُة: مُسَيْحٌ صَغِيرٌ. والقُدَيْدِيُّونَ: صُنّاعُ العَسْكَرِ وتُبّاعُهم. والقَدَادُ: من أسماء القَنافِذِ أو اليَرابِيع. والقَيْدُوْدُ: الناقَةُ الطَّويلةُ الظَّهْرِ على الأرض.
والمَقَدُّ: المَكانُ المسْتَوي، وقيل: الطَّرِيق، وأصْلُه من الاستِقداد وهو الاسْتِمرارُ والاسْتِواءُ. والمَقَدُ: الخَمْرُ، وقيل: شَرَابٌ باليَمَنِ مُنَصَّفٌ.
والمَقَدِّيُّ: شَرَابٌ مَنْسُوبٌ إلى مَوْضِعٍ أو إنسانٍ. ويقولون: أصْبَحَتِ الإبلُ شَعَارِيْرَ بِقِدّانَ وقذّانَ. أي بحيثُ لا يُقدرُ عليها. والقُدَادُ: جَشْءٌ من التُخَمة. ووَجَعٌ في البَطْنِ. وقِدَّةُ: اسْمُ ماءِ الكُلابِ.
قد: قد يقد: كفى يكفي (مارسيل) وانظر: قدى. ما يقدك شيء: ليس على قياسك، لا يكفيك. (شيرب ديال ص23).
قدد: تستعمل أيضا للدلالة على الفاكهة التي تقطع شرائح وتجفف في الشمس- ففي لطائف الثعالبي (ص111): الخوخ المقدد. وفي رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 15): يقدد البطيخ وييبس في الشمس. وهذه القطع المجففة تسمى قديد (ابن بطوطة 3: 16).
قدد على الدخان: دخن، جفف على الدخان.
ويقال: قدد اللحم على الدخان: دخن اللحم وشواه على الدخان. (بوشر).
قَدْ وقَدَّ: تصحيف قدر. (فليشر معجم ص94) وتعنى أيضا: مقدار، نوعية، قامة.
ففي رولاند: قد الجوزة. أي بحجم الجوزة ومقدارها. (بوشر).
القد: الوزن المساوي المعادل، والكيل المساوي المعادل. (بوشر).
قد: ترب، مماثل في السن. ففي المعجم اللاتيني- العربي: ( coetaneus) .
نظير وقرين وترب (صوابه ترب) وقد. وفي همبرت (ص31): قدي في العمر. أي في مثل سني. وفي معجم الكالا: قد أن واحد.
قد وبقد: أيضا، كذلك، مقدار. (بوشر) قدي: بقدري، بمقداري، مثلي، (همبرت ص262) وفيه: قدر بمعنى بقدر، بمقدار، مثل.
قد: بالنسبة إلى. بالقياس. (همبرت ص259).
قد: حوالي، زهاء، قرب: (همبرت ص259) قد ايش وإيش قد: كم، ما مقدار. (بوشر) وعند همبرت (ص262): قد أيش، وعند هلو: قد أش.
قد اش ما شفناك شيء: لم نرك منذ زمن طويل- (بوشر).
قد ما: بقدر، بمقدار. (هلو).
قد ما: مع أن، وإن، ولو. (رولاند).
على قده: بهدوء، بين بين، مقبول، متوسط، بنوع مقبول، بنوع متوسط. مثلما هو، على علاته. أياً كان، مهما كان، كائنا ما كان. (بوشر).
القد: عند أرباب الموسيقى ما ينظم كلاما فصيحا صحيح الإعراب على وزن بعض أغاني العامة. (محيط المحيط).
قدة: صفيحة مستطيلة ضيقة يحتذيها القلم عند رسم الخطوط المستقيمة. مسطرة، مخط، (محيط المحيط).
قديد: أنظره في مادة قدد.
فخذ خنزير قديد: فخذ خنزير مملحة ومدخنة. (همبرت ص16).
قديد، والواحدة قديدة: شريحة طوسبة من اللحم المجفف. (دي يونج).
لحم خنزير مقدد: لحم خنزير من الفخذ أو الكتف مملح ومدخن. (همبرت ص16). مقدود: مهزول ضعيف عند العامة (محيط المحيط).
باب القاف مع الدال ق د، د ق مستعملــان

قد: قَدْ مثل قَطْ على معنى حسب، تقول: قدي أي حسبي، قال النابغة:

إلى حمامتنا ونصفه فقَدِ

وأما قد فحرف يوجب الشيء كقولك قد كان كذا وكذا، والخبر أن تقول: كان كذا وكذا فأدخل قد توكيداً لتصديق ذلك. وتكون قد في موضع تشبه رُبَّما، وعندها تميل قد إلى الشك إذا كانت مع العوامل كقولك: قد يكون ذلك . والقَدُّ: قطع الجلد وشق الثوب ونحوه. وتقول: قَدَدْتُ وسطه بالسيف، وقَدَدْتُ القميص فانقَدَّ، قال ذو الرمة:

تكادُ تَنْقَدُّ مِنهُنَّ الحيازيم  وفلان حسن القدِّ أي في قدر خلقه، وشيء حسن القَدِّ أي التقطيع. والقِدُّ: سير يُقَدُّ من جلد غير مدبوغ، والقَديدُ اشتقاقه منه. ولا يقال القِدَّة إلا لكل شيء كالوعاء. وصار القوم قِدَداً أي تفرقت حالاتهم وأهواؤهم، قال الله- عز ذكره-: كُنَّا طَرائِقَ قِدَداً . والقِدَّةُ: الطريقة والفرقة من الناس. وهم القِدَدُ إذا كان هوى كل فرد على حدة. وقُدَيْدٌ: موضع بالحجاز. وفلان يقتدُّ الأمور أي يدبرها ويميزها بعلمٍ واتفاق، قال رؤبة :

يَقْتَدُّ من كون الأمور الكون ... حقائقاً ليست بقول الكهن

ورجل قَدَادٌ: يَقُدُّ الكلام، وهو تشقيقه إياه وكثرته. وتَقَدَّدَ البعير: سمن بعد الهزال فرأيت أثر السمن يأخذ فيه، وكذلك إذا كان سميناً فيأخذ فيه الهزال. والمسافر يَقُدُّ المفازة أي يشق وسطها، قال:

قَدَّ الفلاة كالحصان الخابط

والقَديدُ: مسيح صغير. وهذا على قَدِّ هذا أي على قدره. والقُدادُ: أظنه من أسماء القنافذ واليرابيع. والقَيْدُودُ: الناقة الطويلة الظهر، ويقال: أخذ من القَوْدِ بمنزلة الكينونة من الكون

. دق: دَقَقْتُ الشيء دَقّاً، وكل شيءٍ كسرته قطعة قطعة، إلا أنهم يقولون: كسرته . الحمى لأنها لم تكسره قطعة قطعة، ولكنها دهمته من فوق. والدُّقاقُ: فتات كل شيءٍ دُقَّ. والمُدْقُّ: حجر يُدَقُّ به الطيب، وضم الميم لأنه جعله اسماً، وكذلك المنخل، فإذا جعلته نعتاً رددته إلى مفعل، كقوله:

يَرمي الجَلاميدَ بجُلمُودٍ مِدَقْ

يُريدُ بالجُلْمُودِ هاهنا حافر الحمار. والدِّقُّ ضِدُّ الجُل، والدِّقَّةُ مصدر الدَّقيق. وتقول: دَقَّ الشيء يَدِقُّ دَقّةً وهو على أربعة أنحاء: الدَّقيق الطحين، والدَّقيقُ الأمر الغامض، والدَّقيقُ الرجل الدَّقيق الخَيْرِ والقليله، والدَّقيقُ الشيء الذي لا غلظ فيه. والدُّقَّةُ: الملح المَدْقُوقُ حتى إنهم يقولون: ما لفلان دقة، وإن فلانة لقليلة الدُّقَّةِ أي ليست بمليحة. وفلان يُداقُّ فلاناً في الحساب أي ينظر معه في الحساب اليسير الدَّقيقِ. والدَّقَاقةُ: التي يُدَقُّ بها الأرز ونحوه. ومُسْتَدَقُّ الساعد: كل ما دَقَّ منه. والدَّقْدَقَةُ حكاية حوافر الدواب في سرعة ترددها. والدُّقَّةُ والدُّقَقُ: ما تسهكه الريح من الأرض، قال:

بساهكات دقق وجلجال
الْقَاف وَالدَّال

الدردق: الصّبيان الصغار.

والدردق: الصَّغِير من كل شَيْء.

وَأَصله: الصغار من الْغنم.

والدرداق: دك متلبد فَإِذا حفرت كشفت عَن رمل.

والتقردة: الكسبرة، عَن ابْن دُرَيْد، قَالَ: والتقردة: الأبزار كلهَا عِنْد أهل الْيمن.

وقترد الرجل: كثر لبنه وأقطه.

وَعَلِيهِ قتردة مَال: أَي مَال كثير.

والقترد: مَا ترك الْقَوْم فِي دَارهم من الْوَبر وَالشعر.

والقترد: الرَّدِيء من مَتَاع الْبَيْت.

وَرجل قترد، وقتارد، كثير الْغنم والسخال.

وَتقدم: اسْم، كَأَنَّهُ يَعْنِي بِهِ الْقدَم.

والدرقل: ثِيَاب شبه الأرمينية.

وَقيل: الدرقل: ثِيَاب وَلم تحل.

ودرقل: رقص.

ة الدرقلة: لعبة للعجم.

والدراقن: الخوخ الشَّامي.

وَقَالَ أَبُو حنيفَة: الدراقن: الخوخ بلغَة أهل الشَّام، قَالَ شَاعِرهمْ: وترميني حَبِيبَة بالدراقن

والقفدر، والقفندر، جَمِيعًا الْقَبِيح، قَالَ:

فَمَا الوم الْبيض أَلا تسخرا

لما رأين الشمط القفندرا

وَقيل: القفندر: الصَّغِير الرَّأْس.

وَقيل: هُوَ الْأَبْيَض.

والقفندر أَيْضا: الضخم الرجل.

وَقيل: الْقصير الحادر.

ودرفق فِي مَشْيه: أسْرع.

وادرنفقت النَّاقة: إِذا مَضَت فِي السّير فاسرعت.

وادرنفق: تقدم.

والفرقد: ولد الْبَقَرَة.

وَالْأُنْثَى: فرقدة، وَحكى ثَعْلَب فِيهِ: الفرقود، وانشد:

وَلَيْلَة خامدة خمودا

طخباء تخفي الجدي والفرقودا

إِذا عُمَيْر هم أَن يرقودا

وَأَرَادَ: " أَن يرقد " فأشبع الضمة.

والفرقدان: كوكبان فِي بَنَات نعش الصُّغْرَى.

يُقَال: لأبكينك الفرقدين، حَكَاهُ اللحياني: عَن الْكسَائي أَي طول طلوعهما.

قَالَ: وَكَذَلِكَ النُّجُوم كلهَا تنتصب على الظّرْف. كَقَوْلِك: لأبكينك الشَّمْس وَالْقَمَر والنسر الْوَاقِع، كل هَذَا يُقِيمُونَ فِيهِ الْأَسْمَاء مقَام الظّرْف. وَعِنْدِي: أَنهم يُرِيدُونَ طول طلوعهما، فيحذفون اختصارا واتساعا.

وَقد قَالُوا فيهمَا: الفراقد، كَأَنَّهُمْ جعلُوا كل جُزْء مِنْهُمَا فرقداً، قَالَ:

لقد طَال يَا سَوْدَاء مِنْك المواعد ... وَدون الجدي المأمول مِنْك الفراقد

وفراقد: اسْم مَوضِع، قَالَ كثير عزة:

فَعَن لنا بالجزع فَوق الفراقد ... ايادي سبا كالسحل بيضًا سفورها

والقرمد: كل مَا طلي بِهِ كالجص والزعفران.

وثوب مقرمد بالزعفران وَالطّيب، قَالَ النَّابِغَة يصف هُنَا:

رابي المجسة بالعبير مقرمد

والقرمد: الْآجر.

وَقيل: القرمد، والقرميد: حِجَارَة لَهَا خروق يُوقد عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى إِذا نَضِجَتْ يبْنى بهَا.

قَالَ ابْن دُرَيْد: هُوَ رومي تَكَلَّمت بِهِ الْعَرَب قَدِيما.

وَقد قرمد الْبناء.

والقرميد: الأروية.

والقرمود: ذكر الوعول.

والقرمود: ضرب من ثَمَر العضاه.

قرمد الْكتاب: لُغَة فِي قرمطه.

والقردماني: سلَاح معدة، كَانَت الْفرس تدخره فِي خزائنها، أَصله بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ: " كردماند " مَعْنَاهُ عمل وبقى.

وَيُقَال: ضرب من الدروع.

وَقيل: القردمان: اسْم للحديد وَمَا يعْمل مِنْهُ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ.

وَقيل: هُوَ بلد يعْمل فِيهِ الْحَدِيد، عَن السيرافي. والقمدر: الطَّوِيل.

والدرقم: السَّاقِط.

وَقيل: هُوَ من أَسمَاء الرِّجَال، مثل بِهِ سِيبَوَيْهٍ وَفَسرهُ السيرافي.

وقندل الرجل: مَشى فِي استرسال.

والقندل: الطَّوِيل.

والقندل والقنادل: الضخم الرَّأْس من الْإِبِل وَالدَّوَاب، قَالَ:

ترى لَهَا راساً وَأي قندلاَّ

أَرَادَ: " قندلاً " فثقل، كَقَوْلِه:

ببازل وجناء أَو عيهلِّ

وقندل الرجل: ضخم رَأسه، هَكَذَا وَقع فِي كتاب ابْن الْأَعرَابِي، وَأرَاهُ: قندل الْجمل.

والقندويل: كالقندل، مثل بِهِ سِيبَوَيْهٍ وَفَسرهُ السيرافي.

وَقيل: القندويل: الْعَظِيم الهامة من الرِّجَال، عَن كرَاع.

والقندلي: شجر، عَن كرَاع.

والقنديل: مَعْرُوف.

وَمَاء قليدم: كثير.

وَامْرَأَة دلقم: هرمة.

وَهِي من النوق: الَّتِي تَكَسَّرَتْ اسنانها، فَهِيَ تمج المَاء مثل الدلوق، وَاسْتَعْملهُ بَعضهم فِي الْمُذكر فَقَالَ:

أقمر نهام ينزى وفرتج

لَا دلقم الْأَسْنَان بل جلد فتج وَقد تقدم ذَلِك فِي الثلاثي.

وَحجر دملق، ودملوق، ودمالق: شَدِيد الاستدارة، وَقد دملق.

وَقيل: هُوَ الاملس، وَمِنْه حَدِيث ظبْيَان وَذكر ثموداً فَقَالَ: " رماهم الله بالدمالق، واهلكهم بالصواعق " التَّفْسِير الْأَخير لِابْنِ قُتَيْبَة، حَكَاهُ الْهَرَوِيّ فِي الغريبين.

وَفرج دمالق: وَاسع عَظِيم، قَالَ جندل ابْن الْمثنى:

جَاءَت بِهِ من فرجهَا الدمالق

وَشَيخ دمالق: اصلع.

قَالَ أَبُو حنيفَة: الدمالق من الكمأة: اصغر من العرجون، واقصر مَا يكون فِي الرَّوْض، وَهُوَ طيب، وقلما يسود، وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَأَن رَأسه مظللة.

وفنداق: صحيفَة الْحساب.

والدقدان، والديقان: أثافي الْقدر.

والقنفد: لُغَة فِي الْقُنْفُذ، حَكَاهَا كرَاع عَن قطرب.

والفندق: الخان، فَارسي، حَكَاهُ سِيبَوَيْهٍ.

والبندق حمل شجر كالجلوز.

والبندق: الجلوز، واحدته: بندقة.

وبندقة: بطن.

قد

1 قَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, Msb,) inf. n. قَدٌّ; (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K;) and ↓ قدّدهُ, (M, L,) [but this app. has an intensive signification, or denotes repetition of the action, or its relation to several objects,] inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ اقتدّهُ, (M, L,) inf. n. اِقْتِدَادٌ; (K;) He cut it in an enlongated form; or lengthwise: (IDrd, M, L, K:) or slit, split, clave, rent, or divided, it, (namely, a thong, &c., S, O, L, and a garment, or piece of cloth, L,) lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) and he cut it off entirely: (M, L, K:) or he cut it, or cut it off, in an absolute sense: (TA:) he cut it, namely, a skin: and he rent it, namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, or the like. (L.) One says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَدَّهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [He smote him with the sword and clave him in halves,] (L, Msb, *) or قَدَّهُ نِصْفَيْنِ. (A.) And قَدَّ القَلَمَ وَقَطَّهُ [He slit the writing-reed, and nibbed it, or cut off its point breadthwise, or crosswise]: (A, TA:) [for] قَطَّهُ is opposed to قَدَّهُ: (S and TA in art. قط:) and both of these verbs occur in a trad. describing 'Alee's different modes of cutting [with the sword] when contracting himself and when stretching himself up. (TA.) b2: And [hence] قَدَّ, (S, M, A, L,) inf. n. قَدٌّ, (M, L, K,) (tropical:) He clave, cut through by journeying, or passed through, the desert, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) and the night. (M, L) b3: and قَدَّ بِهِ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in a copy of the M,) or قَدَّتْهُ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in the L and TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L, TA,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M) or قَطَعَتْهُ (L, TA) (tropical:) [The road cut him off, app. from his companions, or from the object of his journey: compare قَطَعَ بِهِ and قُطِعَ بِهِ]. b4: And قَدَّ الكَلَامَ, (M, L,) inf. n. as above, (M, L, K,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M, L, K *) and شَقَّهُ (M, L) [both of which explanations may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ generally does, (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking: or both may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ sometimes does, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare this latter rendering with an explanation of شَقَّقَ الكَلَامَ]. b5: [قَدَّهُ also signifies He cut it out, or shaped it, in any manner, whether lengthwise or otherwise; like قَتَّهُ: see this latter, and a verse cited as an ex. of its inf. n.: and see also a saying near the end of the first paragraph of art. فرى. Hence] قُدَّ فُلَانٌ قَدَّ السَّيْفِ [Such a one was shaped with the shaping of the sword] means (tropical:) such a one was made goodly, or beautiful, in respect of التَّقْطِيع [i. e. conformation, or proportion, &c., like as is the sword]. (S, O, L, TA.) [See also قَدٌّ, below.] b6: And قُدّ means also (assumed tropical:) He suffered a pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly, called قُدَاد. (M, L, K.) 2 قَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] قدّد, (as implied in the L,) or قدّد اللَّحْمَ, (A, O, *) inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ, (O, L,) He made قَدِيد [i. e. he cut flesh-meat into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread them in the sun, or salted them and spread them in the sun, to dry]. (L.) A2: قدّد عَلَيهِ, said of a garment, It fitted him, or suited him, in size and length. (L, from a trad.) 4 اقدّ عَلَيْهِ, said of food, (assumed tropical:) It occasioned him a pain in the belly, termed قُدَاد. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَقَدَّّ see 7. b2: تقدّد said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was, or became, much slit or rent. or ragged, or tattered, (O, K, TA,) and old and worn out. (TA.) b3: And, said of flesh-meat, quasi-pass. of 2, [i. e. It was, or became, cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread in the sun, or salted and spread in the sun, and so dried.]. (O.) b4: And, said of a company of men (قَوْمٌ), It became separated (S, M, O, L, K) into قِدَد [or parties, &c., pl. of قِدَّةٌ, q. v.]. (M, L.) b5: Also, said of a thing, (TA,) [perhaps from the same v. said of flesh-meat,] It was, or became, dry; or it dried, or dried up. (K, TA.) b6: And تقدّدت said of a she-camel, She became somewhat lean (O, K) after having been fat: (O:) or she became fat, (TA,) or began to become fat, after having been lean. (K, TA.) 7 انقدّ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ تقدّد, (M, L, K,) [but the latter app. has an intensive signification, or is said of a number of things,] the former said of a skin, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, (A,) not said of aught except some such thing as a bag for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c., and such as clothing, (O,) It became cut in an elongated form; or lengthwise: (L, K:) or became slit, split, cloven, rent, or divided, lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) or became cut off entirely: (M, L, K:) or became cut, or cut off. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَدَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: اقتدّ الأُمُورَ means (tropical:) He considered the affairs, forcasting their issues, or results, and discriminated them: (S, O, K:) or he devised the affairs, and considered what would be their issues, or results. (M.) 10 استقدّ (tropical:) It contained, or continued in one manner, or state. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K,) لَهُ to him. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, TA) was, or became, uniform, or even in its tenour. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And استقدّت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The camels went on undeviatingly, in one course, way, or manner: (O, K:) so says AA. (O.) قَدْ is a noun and a particle: (S, O, Mughnee, K:) and as a noun it is used in two ways. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (I) It is a noun syn. with حَسْبُ; (S, O, Mughnee, K;) generally used indeclinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Basrees; with the د quiescent; (TA;) because resembling قَدْ the particle in respect of the letters composing it, and many other particles in respect of its form, (Mughnee, TA,) such as عَنْ and بَلْ &c.: (TA:) one says, قَدْ زَيْدٍ دِرْهَمٌ [The sufficiency of Zeyd (i. e. what is sufficient for Zeyd) is a dirhem], (Mughnee, K,) with the د quiescent; (Mughnee, * K, * TA;) and قَدِى (S, O) and قَدْنِى (S, O, Mughnee) [both] meaning حَسْبِى [My sufficiency (i. e. what is sufficient for me)]; (S, O;) the ن in قَدْنِى being inserted in order to preserve the quiescence [of the final letter of the noun] because this is the original characteristic of what they make indeclinable; (Mughnee;) but the insertion of the ن in this case is anomalous, for it is [by rule] only added in verbs, by way of precaution, [to prevent the confusion of the pronominal affix of the verb and that of the noun,] as in ضَرَبَنِى: (S, O:) [see, however, in the next sentence, an explanation of قَدْنِى accord. to which the ن is inserted regularly:] accord. to Yaakoob, using قَدْ in the sense of حَسْبُ, one says, مَا لَكَ عِنْدِى إِلَّا هٰذَا فَقَدْ i. e. فَقَطْ [There is nothing for thee with me, or nothing due to thee in my possession, except this, and it is a thing sufficient, or it is enough, فَقَطْ being held to signify properly فَحَسْبُ, but it is commonly used as meaning and no more]; and he asserts it [i. e. قَدْ] to be a substitute [for قَطْ]: (M:) and it is also used declinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Koofees; (TA;) but this is rare: (Mughnee:) one says قَدُ زَيْدٍ, making it marfooa, (Mughnee, K,) like as one says حَسْبُهُ; and قَدِى without ن [as mentioned above,] like as one says حَسْبِى. (Mughnee.) b3: (2) It is also a verbal noun, syn. with يَكْفِى: one says, قَدْ زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, Zeyd], and قَدْنِى دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, me]; (Mughnee, K;) like as one says يَكْفِى زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ, and يَكْفِيْنِى دِرْهَمٌ. (Mughnee, K. *) A2: As a particle, it is used peculiarly with a verb, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.] as such it is not preposed to anything except a verb, (S, O,) either a pret. or an aor. , (TA,) from which it is not separated unless by an oath, (Mughnee,) such as is perfectly inflected, enunciative, (Mughnee, K,) not an imperative, (TA,) affirmative, and free from anything that would render it mejzoom or man-soob, and from what is termed حَرْف تَنْفِيس [i. e.

سَوْفُ and its variants]: and it has six meanings. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (1) It denotes expectation: (M, Mughnee, K:) and when it is with an aor. , this is evident; (Mughnee;) one says قَدْ يَقْدَمُ الغَائِبُ, (Mughnee, K,) meaning It is expected that the absent will come: (TA:) and most affirm that it is thus used with a pret.: (Mughnee:) accord. to some, (M,) it is used in reply to the saying لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ [i. e. “ He has not yet done ” such a thing, which implies expectation that he would do it]; (S, M, O;) the reply being, قَدْفَعَلَ [Already he has done the thing]: (M:) and Kh asserts that it is used in reply to persons expecting information; (S, M, * O, Mughnee;) [for to such] you say, قَدْ مَاتَ فَلَانٌ [Already such a one has died]; but if one inform him who does not expect it, he does not say thus, but he says [merely] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ: (S, O:) thus some say قَدْ رَكِبَ الأَمِيرُ [Already the commander has mounted his horse] to him who expects his mounting: some, however, disallow that قَدْ is used to denote expectation with the pret. because the pret. denotes what is already past; and hence it appears that those who affirm it to be so used mean that the pret. denotes what was expected before the information: (Mughnee: [in which it is added, with some other observations, that, in the opinion of its author, it does not denote expectation even with the aor. ; because the saying يَقْدَمُ الغَئِبُ denotes expectation without قَدْ:]) MF says, What we have been orally taught by the sheykhs in ElAndalus is this, that it is a particle denoting the affirmation of truth, or certainty, when it occurs before a pret., and a particle denoting expectation when it occurs before a future. (TA.) b3: (2) It denotes the nearness of the past to the present: (O, Mughnee, K:) so in the saying قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ [Zeyd has just, or just now, stood; a meaning often intended by saying merely, has stood]; (Mughnee, K;) for this phrase without قد may mean the near past and the remote past; (Mughnee;) and so in the saying of the muëdhdhin, قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ [The time of the rising to prayer has just come, or simply has come]: (O:) [and, when thus used, it is often immediately preceded by the pret. or aor. of the verb كَانَ; thus you say, كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He had just, or simply had, gone away; and يَكُونُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He will, or shall, have just, or simply have gone away:] and accord. to the Basrees, except Akh, it must be either expressed or understood immediately before a pret. used as a denotative of state; as in [the saying in the Kur ii. 247,] وَمَا لَنَا أَلَّا نُقَاتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَأَبْنَائِنَا [And what reason have we that we should not fight in the cause of God when we have been expelled from our abodes and our children?]; and in [the saying in the Kur iv. 92,] أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أنْ يُقَاتِلُوكَمْ [Or who come to you, their bosoms being contracted so that they are incapable of fighting you, or their bosoms shrinking from fighting you]; but the Koofees and Akh says that this is not required, because of the frequent occurrence of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ, and [because] the primary rule is that there should be no meaning, or making, anything to be understood, more especially in the case of that which is in frequent use: (Mughnee:) Sb [however] does not allow the use of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ; and he makes حصرت صدورهم to be an imprecation [meaning may their bosoms become contracted]: (S in art. حصر; in which art. in the present work see more on this subject:) and the inceptive لَ is prefixed to it like of the saying, إِنَّ زَيْدًا لَقَدْ قَامَ [Verily Zeyd has just stood, or has stood]; because the primary rule is that it is to be prefixed to the noun, and it is prefixed to the aor. because it resembles the noun, and when the pret. denotes a time near to the present it resembles the aor. and therefore it is allowable to prefix it thereto. (Mughnee.) [See also the two sentences next after what is mentioned below as the sixth meaning.] b4: (3) It denotes rareness, or paucity; (Mughnee, K;) either of the act signified by the verb, (Mughnee,) as in [the saying], قَدْ يَصْدُقُ الكَذُوبُ [In some few instances the habitual liar speaks truth]; (Mughnee, K;) or of what is dependent upon that act, as in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا

أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [as though] meaning أَنَّ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ

أَقَلُّ مَعْلُومَاتِهِ [so that it should be rendered At least He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]: but some assert that in these exs. and the like thereof it denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty; [as will be shown hereafter;] and that the denoting of rareness, or paucity, in the former ex. is not inferred from قَدْ, but from the saying الكَذُوبُ يَصْدُقٌ. (Mughnee.) b5: (4) It denotes frequency; (Mughnee, K;) [i. e.] sometimes (S, O) it is used as syn. with رُبَّمَا [as denoting frequency, as well as with رُبَّمَا in the contr. sense, mentioned in the next preceding sentence]: (S, M, O:) thus in the saying (S, M, O, Mughnee, K) of the Hudhalee, (M, Mughnee,) or 'Abeed Ibn-El-Abras, (IB, TA,) قَدْ أَتْرُكُ القِرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ [Often I leave the antagonist having his fingers' ends become yellow]. (S, M, O, Mughnee, K.) b6: (5) It denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty: thus in [the saying in the Kur xci. 9,] قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا [Verily, or certainly, or indeed, or really, he prospereth, or will prosper, who purifieth it; (namely, his soul;) each pret. here occupying the place of a mejzoom aor. ]: (Mughnee, K:) and thus accord. to some in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse, of which another explanation has been given above,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [Verily, or certainly, &c., He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]. (Mughnee.) b7: (6) It denotes negation, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to ISd, (Mughnee,) occupying the place of مَا, (M,) in the saying, قَدْ كُنْتَ فِى خَيْرٍ فَتَعْرِفَهُ, (M, Mughnee, K,) with تعرف mansoob, [as though meaning Thou wast not in prosperity, that thou shouldst know it,] (Mughnee, K,) heard from one of the chaste in speech: (M:) but this is strange. (Mughnee.) b8: [When it is used to denote the nearness of the past to the present, as appears to be indicated by the context in the O,] قَدْ may be separated from the verb by an oath; as in قَدْ وَاللّٰهِ أَحْسَنْتَ [Thou hast, by God, done well] and قَدْ لَعَمْرِى بِتُّ سَاهِرًا [I have, by my life, or by my religion, passed the night sleepless]. (O, Mughnee. [In the latter, this and what here next follows are mentioned before the explanations of the meanings of the particle; probably because the meaning in these cases can hardly be mistaken.]) And the verb may be suppressed after it, (M, * O, Mughnee,) when its meaning is apprehended, (O,) or because of an indication; (Mughnee;) as in the saying of En-Nábighah (M, O, Mughnee) Edh-Dhubyánee, (O,) أَفِدَ التَّرَحُّلُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ رِكَابَنَا لَمَّا تَزُلْ بِرِحَالِنَا وَكَأَنْ قَدِ [The time of departure has drawn near, though the camels that we ride have not left with our utensils and apparatus for travelling, but it is as though they had (left)]; meaning كَأَنْ قَدْ زَالَتْ. (M, O, Mughnee.) b9: If you make قَدْ an اِسْم [i. e. a subst. or a proper name], you characterize it by teshdeed: therefore you say, كَتَبْتُ قَدًّا حَسَنَةً [I wrote a beautiful قد]; and so you do in the case of كَىْ and هُوَ and لَوْ; because these words have no indication of what is deficient in them [supposing them to be originally of three radical letters], therefore it is requisite to add to the last letter of each what is of the same kind as it, and this is incorporated into it: but not in the case of ا; for in this case you add ء; thus if you name a man لَا, or مَا, and then add at the end of it ا, you make it ء; for you make the second ا movent, and ا when movent becomes ء: (S, O:) so says J, [and Sgh has followed him in the O,] and such is the opinion of Akh and of a number of the grammarians of El-Basrah [and of El-Koofeh (MF)], and F has quoted this passage in the B and left it uncontradicted: but IB says, (TA,) [and after him F in the K,] this is a mistake: that only is characterized by teshdeed of which the last letter is infirm: you say, for هُوَ, (IB, K,) used as the name of a man, (IB,) هُوٌّ, (IB, K,) and for لَوْ you say لَوٌّ, and for فِى you say فِىٌّ; (IB;) and such is characterized by teshdeed only in order that the word may not be reduced to one letter on account of the quiescence of the infirm letter [which would disappear] with tenween [as it does in دَمٌ and يَدٌ &c.]: (K:) but as to قَدْ, if you use it as a name, you say قَدٌ; (IB, K;) and for مَنْ you say مَنٌ, and for عَنْ you say عَنٌ; (K;) like يَدٌ (IB, K) and دَمٌ &c.: (K:) F, however, [following IB,] is wrong in calling J's statement a mistake; though the rule given by him [and IB] is generally preferred. (MF, TA.) قَدٌّ The skin of a lamb or kid: (M, A, L, Msb, K:) or [only] of a kid: (S, O, L:) or, accord. to IDrd, a small skin, but of what kind he does not say: (M, L:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَقُدٌّ and (of mult., S) قِدَادٌ (ISk, S, M, L, Msb, K) and [of pauc. also] أَقِدَّةٌ, which is extr. (M, L.) Hence the saying, ↓ فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ القَدَّ مِنَ القِدِّ Such a one knows not the skin of a lamb, or kid, from the thong. (A.) And hence, (O, K,) it is said in a prov., (S, M, A, O,) مَا يَجْمَلُ قَدَّكَ إِلَى أَدِيمِكَ (S, M, A, O, K) What approximates thy skin of a lamb, or kid, to thy hide [of a full-grown beast]? meaning, accord. to Th, (assumed tropical:) what makes the great to be like the little? (M: [or the little to be like the great?]) or meaning what induces thee to make thy small affair [appear] great? (S:) or what approximates thy small [affair] to thy great? (O, K:) applied to him who transgresses his proper limit; (M, O, K;) and to him who compares the contemptible with the noble. (O, K.) b2: See also قِدٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The measure, quantity, size, or bulk, (M, L, Msb, K,) of a thing: (M, L:) (tropical:) the conformation, or proportion, syn. تَقْطِيع, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) of a thing, (M, L,) or of a young woman, (A,) or of a man: (K:) (tropical:) the stature, syn. قَامَة, (S, A, O, L, K,) of a man: (K:) (assumed tropical:) his justness of form, or symmetry: (M, L, K:) and (assumed tropical:) his figure, person, or whole body: (M, L:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقُدٌّ (M, L, K) and أَقِدَّةٌ, (K,) which is extr., (TA,) and [of mult.] قُدُودٌ (M, L, K) and قِدَادٌ. (K.) One says, هٰذَا عَلَى قَدِّ ذَاكَ (assumed tropical:) This is equal in measure, quantity, size, or bulk, to that; is like that. (Msb.) And شَىْءٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A thing goodly, or beautiful, in respect of conformation, or proportion. (L.) And جَارِيَةٌ حَسَنَةُ القَدِّ (tropical:) A young woman goodly, or beautiful, in respect of stature, and of conformation, or proportion. (A.) And غُلَامٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A young man goodly, or beautiful, in respect of justness of form, or symmetry, and in person, or the whole of his body. (M, L.) A3: See, again, قِدٌّ.

A4: By the phrase يَا وَيْلَ قَدٍّ, addressed to Mikdád, in a verse of Jereer, is meant يَا وَيْلَ مِقْدَادٍ [O, woe to thee Mikdád]; the poet restricting himself to some of the letters [of the name]: an instance [more obviously] of a similar kind is سَلَّام used by El-Hoteiäh for سُلَيْمَان. (O.) قُدٌّ A certain marine fish, (O, K,) the eating of which is said to increase [the faculty of] الجِمَاع. (O.) قِدٌّ A thing that is مَقْدُود [i. e. cut in an elongated form, &c.]. (M, L.) b2: [And hence] A thong cut from an untanned skin, (S, M, * A, O, * L, Msb, K,) with which sandals or shoes are sewed, (M, * L, Msb,) and with which a captive is bound; (A;) pl. أَقُدٌّ: (S, O, L:) and [as a coll. gen. n.] thongs, cut from an untanned skin, with which camels' saddles and [the vehicles called]

مَحَامِل are bound: (M, L:) and ↓ قِدَّةٌ [of which the pl. is قِدَدٌ] is a more special term, (S, O, L,) signifying a single thong of this kind. (K.) See an ex. voce قَدٌّ. b3: And (hence, L) A whip; (O, L, K;) as also ↓ قَدٌّ. (K.) Thus in the trad., لَقَابُ قَوْسِ أَحَدِكُمْ وَمَوْضِعُ قِدِّهِ فِى الجَنَّةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا, (O, * L,) or ↓ قَدِّهِ, (K,) i. e. Verily the space that would be occupied by the bow of any one of you, and the place that would be occupied by his whip, in Paradise, are better than the present [sublunary] world and what is in it: or قِدّه may here have the meaning next following. (L.) b4: A sandal; because cut in an elongated form from the skin: (O, L:) or a sandal not stripped of the hair, in order that it may be more pliant. (IAar, O, L.) b5: And A vessel of skin. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا لَهُ قِدٌّ وَلَا قِحْفٌ He has not a vessel of skin nor a vessel of wood: (S, O, M:) or a skin nor a fragment of a drinking-cup or bowl. (M.) b6: شَدِيدُ القِدِّ occurs in a trad. as some relate it, meaning Having a strong bowstring: but accord. to others, it is ↓ شَدِيدُ القَدِّ, meaning strong in pulling the bow. (L.) قِدَّةٌ: see قِدٌّ. b2: Also A piece of a thing. (M, L.) b3: And hence, (M,) A party, division, sect, or distinct body or class, of men, holding some particular tenet, or body of tenets, creed, opinion, or opinions, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (Msb,) of whom each has his own, (S, O, L, K,) or of which each has its own, (Msb,) erroneous opinion: (S, O, L, Msb, K:) pl. قِدَدٌ. (Msb.) Hence, كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, (S, L, O, K,) in the Kur [lxxii. 11], (L, O,) said by the Jinn, (Fr, L,) We were parties, or sects, differing in their erroneous opinions, or in their desires: (Fr, O, L, K:) or separate [sects]; Muslims and not Muslims: (Zj:) or diverse, or discordant, or various, sects; Muslims and unbelievers. (Jel.) And one says, صَارَ القَوْمُ قِدَدًا The people became divided, or different, in their states, or conditions, and their desires, or erroneous opinions. (L.) قَدَادٌ The hedge-hog: b2: and The jerboa. (O, K.) قُدَادٌ A pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly. (S, M, O, L, K.) حَبَنًا وَقُدَادًا is a form of imprecation, meaning [May God inflict upon thee] dropsy, and a pain in the belly. (L.) قَدِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) or لَحْمٌ قَدِيدٌ, (Msb,) Flesh-meat cut into strips, or oblong pieces: (M, L, K:) or cut, (M,) or cut into oblong pieces, and spread, or spread in the sun, to dry: (M, L, K:) or salted, and dried in the sun: (L:) i. q. لَحْمٌ مُقَدَّدٌ: (S, O, L:) قَدِيدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (L.) b2: ثَوْبٌ قَدِيدٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, [slit, or rent, and] old and worn out. (S, O, L, K.) قُدَيْدٌ A small مِسْح [or garment of thick, or coarse, hair-cloth], (M, * K, * TA,) such as is worn by persons of low condition. (TA.) قَدِيدِيُّونَ, (IAth, O, K, TA,) thus accord. as a trad., in which it occurs is related, (IAth, TA,) not to be pronounced with damm, (K,) or, as some say, it is [قُدَيْدِيُّونَ, i. e.] with damm to the ق and fet-h to the [first] د, (IAth, TA,) and thus in the handwriting of Z in the “ Fáïk,” (O,) [and thus I find it in a copy of the A,] The followers of an army, consisting of handicraftsmen, (A, IAth, O, K, TA,) such as the repairer of cracked wooden bowls, and the farrier, (O, K, TA,) and the blacksmith: (O, TA:) of the dial. of the people of Syria: as though they were called by the former appellation because of the tattered state of their clothing; (O;) or by the latter as though, by reason of their low condition, they wore the small مِسْح called قُدَيْد; or from التَّقَدُّدُ, because they disperse themselves in the provinces on account of need, and because of the tattered state of their clothing; and the diminutive form denotes mean estimation of their condition: (IAth, TA:) a man (IAth, O, TA) of them (O) is reviled by its being said to him يَا قَدِيدىُّ (IAth, O, TA) and يا قُدَيْدِىُّ: (IAth, TA:) and it is commonly used in the language of the Persians also. (O.) قَيْدُودٌ A she-camel long in the back: (O, K:) but this is said to be derived from القَوْدُ, like الكَيْنُونَةُ from الكَوْنُ: (L:) [see art. قود:] pl. قَيَادِيدُ. (K. [In the O the pl. is written قَنَادِيدُ.]) مَقَدٌّ (tropical:) A road: (A, K, TA:) because it is cut: so in the phrase مَفَازَةٌ مُسْتَقِيمَةُ المَقَدِّ (tropical:) [A desert, or waterless desert, whereof the road is straight, or direct]. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The rima vulvæ of a woman. (M, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The part of the back of the neck that is between the ears. (K, L.) [A dial. var. of, or a mistake for, مَقَذٌّ.]) b4: And i. q. قَاعٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) An even, or a plain, place. (S, M, O, L.) مِقَدٌّ, like مِدَقٌّ [in measure], (K, [in a copy of the M, erroneously, مَقَدّ,]) or ↓ مِقَدَّةٌ, (L,) The iron instrument with which skin is cut (يُقَدُّ). (L, * K, * TA.) مِقَدَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَقَدِّىٌّ Wine of El-Makadd, a town of the region of the Jordan, (K,) or, as is said in the Marásid and the Moajam, near Adhri'át, in the Howrán; (TA;) wrongly said by J to be without teshdeed to the د, for the wine called مَقَدَىٌّ is different from that called مَقَدِّىٌّ: (K:) or it is wine boiled until it is reduced to half its original quantity; likened to a thing that is divided (قُدَّ) in halves; so accord. to Rejá Ibn-Selemeh, and in the Nh and Ghareebeyn; and sometimes it is pronounced without teshdeed to the د. (TA.)

ظن

Entries on ظن in 7 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Rāghib al-Isfahānī, al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qurʾān, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Ismāʿīl bin Ḥammād al-Jawharī, Tāj al-Lugha wa Ṣiḥāḥ al-ʿArabīya, and 4 more
الظن: هو الاعتقاد الراجح مع احتمال النقيض، ويستعمل في اليقين والشك. وقيل: الظن: أحد طرفي الشك بصفة الرجحان.
بَاب الظَّن

ظَنَنْت وحسبت وخلت وتوهمت وَأُلْقِي فِي روعي وَجرى بخلدي 
ظن: الظَّنُّ: في مَعْنى الشَّكِّ واليَقِيْنِ. وقَوْلُه عَزَّ وجَلَّ: " وظَنُّوا أنْ لا مَلْجَأَ من اللهِ إلاَّ إلَيْه " يَقِيْنٌ وعِلمٌ. وظَنَنْتُه ظَنّاً. وظَنُّه بي حَسَنٌ. وهو مَوْضِعُ ظِنَّتي وظَنّي.
والظَّنُوْنُ: السَّيِّئُ الظَّنِّ. وهو أيضاً: القَلِيْلُ الخَيْرِ لا يُوْثَقُ بما عِنْدَه، وقَوْمٌ ظُنُنٌ.
والتَّظَنّي: في مَوْضِعِ التَّظَنُّنِ.
والظَّنُوْنُ: البِئْرُ التي يُظَنُّ بها ماءٌ ولا يكونُ.
وخَبَرٌ ظَنُونٌ: لا يُدْرى أحَقٌّ هو أمْ باطِلٌ.
وأظْنَنْتُ ذاكَ: بمعنى ظَنَنْتُ.
وفي المَثَلِ: " رُبَّما دَلَّ على الرَّأْيِ الظَّنُوْنُ ".
ودَيْنٌ ظَنُوْنٌ: لا يُدْرى أيُقْضى أمْ لا.
والظَّنِيْنُ: المُتَّهَمُ الذي تُظَنُّ به التُّهَمَةُ، ومَصْدَرُه: الظِّنَّةُ، واظَّنَنْتُه، ويُقْرَأُ: " وما هُوَ على الغَيْبِ بِظَنِيْنٍ " أي بمُتَّهَمٍ. وأظْنَنْتَ بي: أي عَرَّضْتَني للتُّهَمَةِ.
وإنَّه لَمَوْضِعُ كذا ومَظِنَّةٌ: أي حَرِيٌّ أنْ يكونَ مَأْلَفه ومَوْطِئه. وهو مَظِنَّةُ أنْ يَفْعَلَ ذاك. واطْلُبِ الدُّنْيا مَظَانَّ حَلاَلِها: أي حَيْثُ تَظُنُّ أنَّها تَحِلُّ لك.
[ظن] الظن معروف، وقد يوضع موضع العلم. قال دريد بن الصمَّة: فقلت لهم ظُنُّوا بألفَيْ مُدَجَّجٍ * سَراتُهُم في الفارسيِّ المُسَرَّدِ أي استيقِنوا. وإنَّما يخوِّف عدوَّه باليقين لا بالشك. وتقول: ظنتتك زيداً وظَنَنْتُ زيداً إيَّاك، تضع المنفصل موضع المتَّصل في الكناية عن الاسم والخبر، لأنَّهما مبتدأ وخبر. والظَنينُ: الرجل المُتَّهَمُ. والظِنَّةُ: التهْمَة، والجمع الظِنَنُ. يقال منه: اطَّنَّهُ واظَّنَّهُ بالطاء والظاء، إذا اتهمه. وفى حديث ابن سيرين: لم (*) يكن على عليه السلام يظن في قتل عثمان، وهو يفتعل من يظتن فأدغم. قال الشاعر: ولاكل من يَظَّنُّنِي أنا مُعْتِبٌ * ولا كلُّ ما يُرْوى عَلَيَّ أقولُ والتظنى: إعمال الظ، وأصله التظنن أبدل من إحدى النونات ياء. ومظنة الشئ: موضعه ومألفه الذى يُظَنُّ كونُه فيه ; والجمع المَظَانُّ. يقال: موضع كذا مَظِنَّةٌ من فلان، أي مَعْلَمٌ منه. قال النابغة: فإنْ يكُ عامرٌ قد قال جَهْلاً * فإنَّ مَظِنَّةَ الجهلِ الشباب ويروى: " السباب " ويروى: " مطية ". والدين الظنون: الذى لا يدرى أيقضيه آخذه أم لا. والظنون: الرجل السيئ الظن. والظنون: البئر لا يُدرى أفيها ماء أم لا، ويقال القليلة الماء. قال الاعشى: ما جعل الجد الظنون الذى * جنب صوب اللجب الماطر مثل الفراتي إذا ما طَما * يَقْذِفُ بالبوصيِّ والماهِرِ 
باب الظاء والنون ظ ن يستعمل فقط

ظن: الظَّنينُ: المُعادي، والظَّنينُ: المُتَّهَمُ، والاسمْ الظِّنَّةُ. وهو موضع ظنتي أي تُهْمَتي، واضطَنَنْتُ: افتَعَلْتُ. والظَّنُونُ: الرجلُ السَّيِّءُ الظَّنِّ بكلِّ أحَدٍ. والتَّظَنّي: التَحَرِّي، وهو من التَظَنُّن، حُذِفَت النُّون الأخيرة وجَعَلوا اشتقاق الفعل على ميزان تَفَعلي، قال:

فليس يَرُدُّ فَدْفَدَها التَّظَنّي

والظَّنُونُ: البِئرُ التي لا يُدْرى أفيها ماءٌ أم لا. والظَّنُّ يكون بمعنى الشَّكِّ وبمعنى اليقين كما في قوله تعالى: يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُلاقُوا رَبِّهِمْ

أي يَتَيَقَّنُون. وقد يُجْعَل الظَنُّ اسماً فيُجمَع كقوله:

أَتَيتُكَ عارياً خَلَقاً ثيابي ... على دَهَشٍ تُظَنَّ بيَ الظُّنُونُ

وتقول: اطَّنَنْتُه وتظنَّنْتُ عنده، أردْتَ افتَعَلْتَ فصَيَّرْتَ التّاء طاءَ ثم أدغَمْتَ الظّاء في الطّاء حتى حَسُنَ الكلام، ولو تركْتَ الظاء مع التاء لَقَبُحَ اللَّفظ. وفلانٌ يُطَّنُّ به، أي يُفْتَعَل، أي يُتَّهم به، مُدغمة، فثَقُلَت الظّاء مع الطاء فقُلِبَت طاءً، قال:

وما كُلُّ من يَطَّنُّني أنا مُعتِبٌ ... ولا كل ما يُرْوَى عليَّ أقول  

ظن

1 ظَنَّ, aor. ـُ inf. n. ظَنٌّ, (Msb,) [He thought, opined, supposed, or conjectured: and he doubted: and he knew, but not by ocular perception: see ظَنٌّ below:] you say, ظَنَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. ظَنٌّ; and ↓ اِظَّنَنْتُهُ and اِظْطَنَنْتُهُ; and ↓ تَظَنَّنْتُهُ and تَظَنَّيْتُهُ, this last formed by changing the last ن into ى: [i. e. I thought the thing, &c:] and Lh mentions, as heard from the Benoo-Suleym, ظَنْتُ ذَاكَ i. e. ظَنَنْتُ ذاك [I thought that, &c.] like ظَلْتُ and other instances of the dial. of Suleym. (M.) [In the first of the senses expl. above, it governs two objective complements, which are originally an inchoative and an enunciative:] you say, ظَنَنْتُكَ زَيْدًا [I thought thee Zeyd, originally I thought thou wast Zeyd], and ظَنَنْتُ زَيْدًا إِيَّاكَ [I thought Zeyd thee, originally I thought Zeyd was thou], denoting by a pronoun what is originally an inchoative [in the former phrase] and what is originally an enunciative [in the latter phrase]. (S, TA.) It is also used [in this sense] in the same manner as a verb signifying an oath, the Arabs giving it the same kind of complement, saying, ظَنَنْتُ لَعَبْدُ اللّٰهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ [I thought surely 'Abd-Allah was better than thou]. (S in art. درد.) [ظَنَّ بِهِ كَذَا means I thought of him, or it, such a thing: and I thought such a thing to be in him, or it: and is used in relation to good and to evil.] It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 10], وَتَطُنُّونَ بِاللّٰهِ الظُّنُونَا [and ye were thinking, of God, various thoughts]. (M.) Accord. to Sb, ظَنَنْتُ بِهِ means I made him, or it, the place [i. e. object] of my ظَنّ [or thought, &c.]. (M.) [In all these exs. the verb denotes a state of mind between doubt and certainty, but the latter is predominant: and hence ظَنَّ sometimes means He doubted: and sometimes, he knew, by considering with endeavour to understand, not by ocular perception; being more frequently used in this sense than as meaning “ he doubted,” though not so frequently as it is in the sense of “ he thought,” whence the meaning “ he knew ” is held by some to be tropical.] إِنَّى, ظَنَنْتُ أَنِّى مُلَاقٍ حِسَابِيَهْ, in the Kur [lxix. 20], means Verily I knew [that I should meet with my reckoning]. (T.) And الَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُلَاقُو رَبِّهِمْ, in the same [ii. 43], means Who know [that they shall meet their Lord, lit., be meeters of their Lord]. (Msb.) And ظَنَنْتُ مَا قَالَ, occurring in a trad., means I knew [what he meant to say by his making a sign with his hand]. (TA.) b2: ظَنَنْتُهُ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (M,) signifies also I suspected him; thought evil of him; (M, Mgh, Msb;) and (M) so ↓ اِظَّنَنْتُهُ (S, M, Mgh, K) and اِظْطَنَنْتُهُ (M, TA) and اِطَّنَنْتُهُ. (TA.) [Thus, too, ↓ أَظْنَنْتُهُ accord. to several copies of the S and accord. to the CK; but this is app. a mistranscription.] In the saying of Ibn-Seereen, لَمْ فِى قَتْلِ عُثْمَانَ ↓ يَكُنْ عَلِىٌّ يُظَّنُّ, (T, S, K, but in the T مَا كَان,) meaning Alee was not suspected [in the case of the slaying of 'Othmán], (T,) يُظَّنُّ is of the measure يُفْتَعَلُ, originally يُظْتَنُّ: (T, S, K:) so says A'Obeyd: (T:) or, as some relate it, the word is يُطَّنُّ. (TA.) One says, بِكَذَا ↓ هُوَ يُظَّنُّ and يُطَّنُّ, meaning He is suspected of such a thing. (TA in art. طن.) and طَنَنْتُ بِزَيْدٍ and ظَنَنْتُ زَيْدًا I suspected Zeyd: in this sense the verb has a single objective complement. (TA.) 4 أَظْنَنْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I made him to think the thing. (M, TA.) b2: And أَظْنَنْتُ بِهِ النَّاسَ [I made the people to suspect him: or] I exposed him to suspicion; (M, Msb, TA;) [and] so أَظنَنْتُهُ [alone]. (K.) b3: See also 1, last quarter.5 التَّظَنِّى means The exercising, employing, or using, of الظَّنّ [i. e. thought, &c.]; originally التَّظَنُّنُ. (S, K.) A'Obeyd says, تَظَنَّيْتُ is from ظَنَنْتُ, and is originally تَظَنَّنْتُ; the ن being many, one of them is changed into ى: it is like قَصَّيْتُ, which is originally قَصَّصْتُ. (T.) A2: See also 1, first sentence.8 إِظْتَنَ3َ see 1, first sentence: b2: and again, in the last quarter, in three places.

ظَنٌّ is a simple subst. as well as an inf. n.; (TA;) and signifies Thought, opinion, supposition, or conjecture: (Er-Rághib, Mgh, TA:) or a preponderant belief, with the admission that the contrary may be the case: (KT, El-Munáwee, TA:) or a preponderating wavering between the two extremes in indecisive belief: (K:) or an inference from a sign, or mark, or token; when strong, leading to knowledge; and when weak, not exceeding the limit of وَهْم: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or doubt or uncertainty; (T, M;) or it has this meaning also; (Er-Rághib, TA;) contr. of يَقِينٌ: (Msb:) and sometimes it is put in the place, (S, K,) or used in the sense, (Mgh, Msb,) of عِلْمٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) or يَقِينٌ, (Msb,) [i. e. knowledge, or certainty,] in which sense it is [held by some to be] tropical; (Mgh;) or it signifies also knowledge, or certainty, (يَقِينٌ, T, M,) such as is obtained by considering with endeavour to understand, not by ocular perception, (M,) or not such as relates to an object of sense: (MF:) and it also means suspicion, or evil opinion: (Er-Rághib, TA: [but in this last sense, ظِنَّةٌ is more common:]) as a subst., (TA,) its pl. is ظُنُونٌ and أَظَانِينُ, (M, K, TA,) the latter anomalous, or (as ISd says, TA) it may be pl. of ↓ أُظْنُونَةٌ, but this I do not know. (M, TA.) One says, هُوَ سَيِّئُ الظَّنِّ بِكُلِّ أَحَدٍ [He is evil in opinion of everyone]. (M.) [And سَآءَ ظَنُّهُ بِفُلَانٍ

His opinion of such a one was evil.] And عِلْمُهُ بِالشَّىْءِ ظُنُونٌ [His knowledge is but opinions]; meaning that no confidence is to be placed in him. (TA.) ظِنَّةٌ Suspicion, or evil opinion; (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also طِنَّةٌ; the ظ being changed into ط, though there is no إِدْغَام in this case, because of their being accustomed to say اِطَّنَّ [for اِظَّنَّ, which is for اِظْطَنَّ]; an instance like الدِّكْرُ, which is made to accord with اِدَّكَرَ [for اِذَّكَرَ, which is for اِذْدَكَرَ], as mentioned by Sb; (M;) and ↓ ظَنَانَةٌ, (so accord. to a copy of the M,) or ↓ ظِنَانَةٌ, like كِتَابَةٌ, (TA,) signifies the same: (M, TA:) the pl. of ظِنَّةٌ is ظِنَنٌ. (S, K.) One says, عِنْدَهُ ظِنَّتِى and هُوَ ظِنَّتِى, meaning He is the place [i. e. object] of my suspicion. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A little [like the French “ soupçon ”] of a thing. (TA.) ظُنَنٌ: see ظَنَّانٌ.

ظَنُونٌ A man who thinks evil (S, M) of everyone. (M.) b2: A man possessing little good or goodness: or, as some say, of whom one asks [a thing] thinking that he will refuse, and who is as he was thought to be: (M:) [or] ↓ ظَنِينٌ has this latter meaning. (TA.) b3: A man in whose goodness no trust, or confidence, is to be placed. (M.) And Anything in which no trust, or confidence, is to be placed, (M, TA,) of water, and of other things; (TA;) as also ↓ ظَنِينٌ. (M, TA.) A well (بِئْرٌ) having little water, (S, M, K,) in the water of which no trust, or confidence, is to be placed: (M:) or a well, (S, K,) or a drinkingplace, (M,) of which one knows not whether there be in it water or not: (S, M, K:) or water which one imagines, or supposes, to exist, but of which one is not sure. (TA.) كُلُّ مَنِيَّةٍ ظَنُونٌ

إِلَّا القَتْلَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ is a saying mentioned, but not expl., by IAar; [app. meaning Every death is doubtful as to its consequence except slaughter in the way, or cause, of God; but ISd says,] in my opinion the meaning is that it is of little good and profit. (M.) دَيْنٌ ظَنُونٌ means A debt of which one knows not whether he who owes it will pay it or not: (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, * K:) it is said in a trad. of 'Omar that there is no poorrate in the case of such a debt. (TA.) b4: Also A man suspected in relation to his intellect, or intelligence. (Aboo-Tálib, TA.) And A woman suspected in relation to her grounds of pretension to respect, or honour, on account of lineage &c. (TA.) And A woman of noble rank or quality, who is taken in marriage, (M, K,) from a desire of obtaining off spring by her, when she is advanced in age. (M.) b5: Also A weak man. (K. [See also ظَنينٌ.]) b6: And A man having little artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill. (K.) ظَنِينٌ Suspected; (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) applied to a man; (S, M;) i. q. ↓ مَظْنُونٌ, (Mbr, Msb,) in this sense: (Msb:) pl. أَظِنَّآءُ. (M, TA.) Thus in the saying in the Kur [lxxxi. 24], وَمَا هُوَ عَلَى الْغَيْبِ بِظَنِينٍ, (T, M, Msb,) meaning And he is not suspected as to what he makes known from God, of the knowledge of that which is undiscoverable, as is related on the authority of 'Alee: or, accord. to Fr, it may mean weak; for ظَنِينٌ may have this meaning like as ظَنُونٌ has: (T:) some read بِضَنينٍ. (TA in art. ضن, q. v.) شَهَادَةُ ظَنِينٍ, which is said in a trad. to be not allowable, is The testimony of one who is suspected as to his religion. (TA.) And نَفْسٌ

↓ ظَنَّآءُ means [A soul, or person,] suspected. (TA.) b2: Also One who treats or regards another, or others, with enmity, or hostility; (T, M;) because of his evil opinion and the evil opinion of which he is an object. (M.) b3: See also ظَنُونٌ, in two places.

ظَنَانَةٌ or ظِنَانَةٌ: see ظِنَّةٌ.

ظَنَّآءُ: see ظَنِينٌ.

ظَنَّانٌ One who opines, or conjectures, much [and] in an evil manner; as also ↓ ظُنَنٌ. (TA.) أَظَنُّ [Such as is more, or most, fit that one should think of him to do a thing]. You say, نَظَرْتُ إِلَى أَظَنِّهِمْ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ I looked towards him who was the most fit of them that I should think of him to do that. (M, TA.) أُظْنُونَةٌ: see ظَنٌّ, near the end.

مَظِنَّةٌ, (M, Mgh, Msb, TA,) of which مَظَنَّةٌ, mentioned by Ibn-Málik and others, and مِظَنَّةٌ, are dial. vars., (TA,) or [rather] مَظِنَّةُ شَىْءٍ, (IF, S, Msb, K, TA,) signifies The place, (IF, S, Msb, K, TA,) and the accustomed place, (IF, S, Msb, TA,) in which is thought to be the existence, (S, K, TA,) of a thing; (IF, S, Msb, K, TA;) [a place] where a thing is thought to be: (M:) or it signifies, (Mgh, Msb,) or signifies also, (S,) a place where a thing is known to be: (S, Mgh, Msb:) [a thing, and a person, in which, or in whom, a thing, or quality, is thought, supposed, presumed, suspected, inferred, known, or accustomed, to be, or exist:] accord. to IAth, by rule it should be مَظَنَّةٌ: (TA:) [it may therefore be properly rendered a cause of thinking, &c., the existence of a thing; and مَظِنَّةٌ لِكَذَا may be well expl. as meaning a thing, and a person, that occasions one's thinking, supposing, presuming suspecting, inferring, or knowing, the existence of such a thing or quality, in it, or in him: and hence, an indication, or evidence, or a symptom, diagnostic, characteristic, sign, mark, or token, of the existence of such a thing or quality:] the pl. is مَظَانُّ. (M, Mgh, Msb, TA.) One says, مَوْضِعُ كَذَا مَظِنَّةٌ مِنْ فُلَانٍ i. e. Such a place is a place in which such a one is known [&c.] to be. (S, TA.) And فُلَانٌ مَظِنَّةٌ مِنْ كَذَا i. e. Such a one is one in whom such a thing, or quality, is known [&c.] to be. (Lh, T.) And فُلَانٌ مَظِنَّةٌ لِلْخَيْرِ i. e. Such a one is one in whom good, or goodness, is thought [&c.] to be. (Ham p. 437.) And En-Nábighah says, فَإِنْ يَكُ عَامِرٌ قَدْ قَالَ جَهْلًا فَإِنَّ مَظِنَّةَ الجَهْلِ الشَّبَابُ [And if 'Ámir has spoken ignorantly, verily youthfulness is a state in which ignorance is usually found to exist]: (S, Msb: *) or, as some relate the verse, السِّبَابُ [so that the meaning is, mutual reviling is an act in which &c.]: (S:) or, accord. to another relation, the latter hemistich is فَإِنَّ مَطِيَّةَ الجَهْلِ الشَّبَابُ (S, * TA;) because one finds it [i. e. youthfulness] to be easy like as he does the beast on which one rides. (TA.) And one says also, طَلَبَهُ مَظَانَّهُ [He sought him, or it, in the places where he, or it, was thought to be;] meaning, by night and by day. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَمَظِنَّةٌ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ i. e. Verily he is apt, meet, fitted, or suited, for one to think of his doing that: and in like manner one says of two, and of a pl. number, and of a female. (Lh, M.) مَظْنُونٌ [Thought, opined, &c.: see its verb: and] see ظَنِينٌ. Applied to a narrative, or story, it means [Doubted; or] of which one is not to be made to know the real state. (TA in art. رجم.) In lexicology, A word of the class termed آحَادٌ [q. v.]. (Mz 3rd نوع.)
ظن
الظَّنُّ: اسم لما يحصل عن أمارة، ومتى قويت أدّت إلى العلم، ومتى ضعفت جدّا لم يتجاوز حدّ التّوهّم، ومتى قوي أو تصوّر تصوّر القويّ استعمل معه (أنّ) المشدّدة، و (أن) المخفّفة منها. ومتى ضعف استعمل أن المختصّة بالمعدومين من القول والفعل ، فقوله: الَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُلاقُوا رَبِّهِمْ
[البقرة/ 46] ، وكذا: يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُلاقُوا اللَّهِ [البقرة/ 249] ، فمن اليقين، وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ الْفِراقُ
[القيامة/ 28] ، وقوله:
أَلا يَظُنُّ أُولئِكَ
[المطففين/ 4] ، وهو نهاية في ذمّهم. ومعناه: ألا يكون منهم ظَنٌّ لذلك تنبيها أنّ أمارات البعث ظاهرة. وقوله: وَظَنَّ أَهْلُها أَنَّهُمْ قادِرُونَ عَلَيْها [يونس/ 24] ، تنبيها أنهم صاروا في حكم العالمين لفرط طمعهم وأملهم، وقوله: وَظَنَّ داوُدُ أَنَّما فَتَنَّاهُ
[ص/ 24] ، أي: علم، والفتنة هاهنا. كقوله:
وَفَتَنَّاكَ فُتُوناً [طه/ 40] ، وقوله: وَذَا النُّونِ إِذْ ذَهَبَ مُغاضِباً فَظَنَّ أَنْ لَنْ نَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ
[الأنبياء/ 87] ، فقد قيل: الأولى أن يكون من الظَّنِّ الذي هو التّوهّم، أي: ظَنَّ أن لن نضيّق عليه . وقوله: وَاسْتَكْبَرَ هُوَ وَجُنُودُهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ إِلَيْنا لا يُرْجَعُونَ
[القصص/ 39] ، فإنّه استعمل فيه (أنّ) الــمستعمل مع الظَّنِّ الذي هو للعلم، تنبيها أنهم اعتقدوا ذلك اعتقادهم للشيء المتيقّن وإن لم يكن ذلك متيقنا، وقوله: يَظُنُّونَ بِاللَّهِ غَيْرَ الْحَقِّ ظَنَّ الْجاهِلِيَّةِ
[آل عمران/ 154] ، أي:
يَظُنُّونَ أنّ النبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلم لم يصدقهم فيما أخبرهم به كما ظَنَّ الجاهليّة، تنبيها أنّ هؤلاء المنافقين هم في حيّز الكفار، وقوله: وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُونُهُمْ
[الحشر/ 2] ، أي: اعتقدوا اعتقادا كانوا منه في حكم المتيقّنين، وعلى هذا قوله:
وَلكِنْ ظَنَنْتُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَعْلَمُ كَثِيراً مِمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
[فصلت/ 22] ، وقوله: الظَّانِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ
[الفتح/ 6] ، هو مفسّر بما بعده، وهو قوله: بَلْ ظَنَنْتُمْ أَنْ لَنْ يَنْقَلِبَ الرَّسُولُ [الفتح/ 12] ، إِنْ نَظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنًّا
[الجاثية/ 32] ، والظَّنُّ في كثير من الأمور مذموم، ولذلك قال تعالى: وَما يَتَّبِعُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِلَّا ظَنًّا
[يونس/ 36] ، وَإِنَّ الظَّنَ
[النجم/ 28] ، وَأَنَّهُمْ ظَنُّوا كَما ظَنَنْتُمْ
[الجن/ 7] ، وقرئ: وما هو على الغيب بِظَنِينٍ أي: بمتّهم.

عن

Entries on عن in 8 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Habib Anthony Salmone, An Advanced Learner's Arabic-English Dictionary, and 5 more
عن
عَنْ: يقتضي مجاوزة ما أضيف إليه، تقول:
حدّثتك عن فلان، وأطعمته عن جوع، قال أبو محمد البصريّ : «عَنْ» يستعمل أعمّ من «على» لأنه يستعمل في الجهات السّتّ، ولذلك وقع موقع على في قول الشاعر:
إذا رضيت عليّ بنو قشير
قال: ولو قلت: أطعمته على جوع وكسوته على عري لصحّ.
ومن خَفِيف هَذَا الْبَاب قَوْلهم

" عَنْ " وَمَعْنَاهَا: مَا عدا الشَّيْء. وَهِي تكون حرفا واسما، بِدَلِيل قَوْلهم من عَنهُ، قَالَ الْقطَامِي:

فقلتُ للرَّكْبِ لَمَّا أنْ عَلا بهِمِ ... مِنْ عَنْ يَمِينِ الحُبَيَّا نظرَةٌ قَبَلُ

قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاق: يجوز حذف النُّون من عَن للشاعر، كَمَا يجوز لَهُ حذف نون من، وَكَأن حذفه إِنَّمَا هُوَ لالتقاء الساكنين، إِلَّا أَن حذف نون من فِي الشّعْر، اكثر من حذف نون عَن، لِأَن دُخُول من فِي الْكَلَام اكثر من دُخُول عَن.

عن


عَنْ
a. From.
b. For.
c. After.
d. About, of.
e. Of, to.
f. On.
g. With; at, to, unto.

ذَهَبَ عَنَّا
a. He went away from us, he left us.

سَافَر عَن البَلَد
a. He journeyed from the country.
دَافَعَ عَنْهُ
a. He repelled from him: he defended him.

حَدَّثَ عَن فَلَان
a. He related what he had heard from so &
so.
جَزَاكَ اللّٰه عَنِّي خَيْرًا
a. May God recompense thee
for
me.
عَن قَلِيْل
a. After a little while.
سَألَ عَنْهُ
a. He asked about him.
سَمِعَ عَنْهُ
a. He heard of, about him.
عَاجِز عَن
a. He is incapable of, to.

جَلَسْتُ عَن يَمِيْنِهِ
a. I sat on his right.
عَن قَصْد
a. With purpose: intentionally.
عَن رِضًى
a. With good grace, readily, willingly.
مَاتَ عَن وَلَدٍ
a. He died (with) leaving a child, an heir.

مَاتَ عَن سِتِّيْن سَنَة
a. He died at the age of 60.
قُتِلُوْا عَن آخِرِهِم
a. They were slain (with), to, unto, even, the last man.
عَمَّا (a. for
عَن مَا ), About, respecting;
after; above.
عَمَّا يَسْأَلُوْن
a. About what they ask.
عَمَّا قَلِيْل
a. After a little while.
تَعَالَى اللّٰه عَمَّا
يَسِفُوْن
a. God is exalted above what they attribute to
Him.
عن: عَنْ هديَّة: كهديَّة. (ابن بطوطة 3: 387) عن علم لهم به: حسب أو وفق علمهم به (معجم الإدريسي).
عن أمر فلان: بأمر فلان. (معجم الإدريسي).
عن إذنك: باذنك، استأذنك. (معجم الادريسي).
عن: تلى الفعل الذي معناه أرسل وبعث وما في معناهما.
يقال: بعث (وجَّه) عن فلان. أي بعث يبحث عن فلان. كما يقال: نهض عن فلان، أي ذهب يبحث عن فلان. وكما يقال: قُصِدت الخزائن عن الاسلحة، أي أسرعوا إلى الخزائن للبحث عن الاسلحة. (رسالة إلى السيد فليشر ص37 - 38).
عَنْ: تستعمل بمعنى حرف الجر على. ففي حيّان بسّام (1: 172و): وعاداه باديس صبيحتها عن تعبية محكمة. وكذلك ما جاء في كتاب الخطيب (ص134 ق) الذي نقل هذا النص: وصبِحْنا القومَ عن التعبية محكمة.
عَنْ: في مدّة، في خلال، في أثناء. ففي العبدري (ص46 ق): وكانت القوافل كثيرة جداً فانهم بحيث لو غاب عن احد رفيقه لم يجده عن أيّام.
عَنْ: فيما يملك، ما دام يملك. ففي فالتون (ص21): افضل الناس من عفى عن قُدْرة وتواضع عن رِفْعة وانصف عن قُوَّة.
وينقل الناشر (ص39 رقم 7) مثالاً آخر من الحماسة (ص25). ويمكن أن نضيف إليه ما جاء في كتاب الألفاظ (مخطوطة رقم 1070 ص8 و): يقال لا عفو إلا عن قُدْرَة.
ويستعمل الظرف عند بهذا المعنى. ففي الكامل (ص39): قيل لمعاوية ما النبل فقال: الحلم عند الغضب. والعفو عند القدرة.
العين والنون
عن العُنًة: حَظيرةٌ من شجر. وأعطيتُه عَيْنَ عُنَةٍ: أي خَصَصْته به. ورأيتُهُ عَيْنَ عُنة: أي الساعةَ من غير أن طلبته، وقيل: أولُ عائنة. واعْتَنَنْتُ لِعُنَةٍ: أي تَعَرضت لشيء لا أعرفه.
والعُنَة: الحَبْل يُلقى عليه القَديد. والعَطْفَة أيضاً.
وعَن عُنوناً وعَنّاً وعَنَناً واعْتَن أيضاً: اعترض. وعُنَنَ العِنينُ عن امرأته، وهو بينُ العِنَينة والعَنَانة، وكل مَعْنونٍ محبوس، وهو عِنَينٌ عن القتال وغيره أيضاً.
وعَن به: مد به. وعن به كل مَلْوى: لَوى به. وعَنَنتُ الكتابَ عَناً وعُنواناً، والأصل في العُنوان: ما ظهر من الشيء.
ولَعَنك: في
معنى لعلك. والعَنُون من الدواب: المتقدمة في السيْر. وشِرْكَة العِنان: في الخاص من الأشياء - فأما قوله:
عِنانَ الشمالِ مَنْ يكونَن أضْرَعا
فقيل: مُعانة شؤم؛ وهو من التعرض. وقيل: الشمال غِلافُ الضًرْع، وعِنانُه سَيْرُه الذي يُعلق به. وامتلأ عِنانُه: عَدا جَهدَه. وأعْنَنْتُ الدابةَ وعَنَنْتُها: جعلت لها عِناناً.
وأعَن الفَرسَ: حَبَسَه بِعِنانه. وجمعتُهم في عَنَن: أي في سَنَن.
والعَنَن: واحد الأعْنان: ما يعرض للشيء. وأعْنانُ السماء: نواحيها. وعَنَانُها: ما عَن منها. والعَنَانَة: السحابة.
وعَنْعَنَةُ تميم: جَعْلُهم العينَ بدل الهمزة. والعَانُّ: الجَبَل الطويل في الأرض وفي السماء، والجميع: العَوان. والمُعَنَّنَة: المرأة اللطيفة البطن.
ورجلٌ عَنِيْن - مثل حَكيم -: لا يقدر على حَبْس ريح بطنه، وما أعَنَه.
والمعَنْعِن: القائل عن فلان عن فلان. ويومُ عُن: قيل: عُن اسم قبيلة، وقيل: قَلْتٌ تحاربوا عليه.
باب العين والنون (ع ن، ن ع مستعملــان)

عن: العُنَّةُ: الحَظِيرةُ (من الخشب أو الشجر تُعْمَلُ للإبل أو الغنمِ أو الخيْلِ تكون على باب الرَّجُل) . والجمع العُنَن، قال الأعشى:

ترى اللَّحْمَ من ذابلٍ قد ذوى ... ورطْبٍ يُرَفَّعُ فوْق العُنَنْ

وعَنَّ لنا كذا يَعِنُّ عَنَناً وعُنُونا: أي ظهر أمامنا. والعَنُونُ من الدوابِّ: المتقدِّمةُ في السَّيْر، قال النابغة:

كأنَّ الرّحْل شُدَّ به خنوف ...  من الحونات هادئة عَنُونُ

ورجُلٌ عِنِّين: وهو الذي لا يَقْدِرُ أن يَحْبِسَ رِيحَ نَفْسه وتقول: إنَّه ليأخذُ في كُلِّ فَنٍِّ وسَنٍٍّ وعَنٍِّ بمعني واحد. والعِنانُ من الِّلجَام: السَّيْرُ الذي بيدِ الفارس الذي يُقَوِّمُ به رأس الفرس، ويُجْمع على أَعِنَّة وعُنُن . وعَنانُ السَّماءِ: ما عنَّ لك منها أي: بدا لك إذا نظرت إليها، ويقال: بل عَنانُ السَّماءِ: السَّحاب، الواحدة عَنانَةٌ، ويُجمعُ على أعنانٍ وعنانٍ، قال الشَّماخ:

طوى ظمْأها في بيضة الصيف بعد ما ... جرت في عنانِ الشِّعْرَيين الأماعِزُ

ويقال: أعنانُ السَّماء: نواحيها. وعَنَنْتُ الكتاب أعُنُّهُ عناًّ وَعَنْوَنْتُ وعَنْوَيتُ عَنْوَنَةً وعنوانا. ويقال: مَنْ تَرَكَ عَنْعَنَةَ تميم وكَشْكَشَةَ ربيعةَ فهم الفصحاء، أما تميم فإنّهم يجعلون بدل الهمزة العين، قال شاعرهم:

إنَّ الفؤاد على الذَّلْفاء قد كمِدا ... وحُبُّها مُوشِكٌ عَنْ يَصْدَعَ الكَبِدا

وربيعةُ تجعَلُ مكان الكاف المكسورة شيئاً، قال:

تَضْحَكُ مِنُّي أن رأتْنِي أحْتَرِش ... ولو حَرَشْتِ لِكَشَفْتِ عن حِرِشْ

ويقال: بل يقولون: عَلَيكِش وبِكِش. ويُقال: بل يُبدلون في كل ذلك. والعَنانُ: الشَّوط. يقال: جَرَى عَنَانا وعَنانَين، قال:

لقد شَدَّ بالخَيْلِ الهديل علَيْكُمُو ... عَنَانَينِ يُبْدي الخيْلَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُها

نع: النَّعْنَعَةُ: حكايةُ صَوْت. تقول: سمعتُ نَعْنَعَةً وهي رَنَّة في اللسان إذا أراد أن يقول: لع فيقول: نع والنَّعْنَعُ: الذَّكر المُسْتَرْخي والنَّعْنَعُ: بَقْلَة طَيَّبَة الريح وهو الفوذينج قال زائدة: الذي أعرفه: النعناع 
الْعين وَالنُّون

عَنّ الشَّيْء يَعُنُّ ويَعُنُّ عَنَناً، وعُنُونا: ظهر أمامك. والعَنُون من الدَّوَابّ: الْمُتَقَدّمَة فِي السّير، وَكَذَلِكَ من حمر الْوَحْش. وعَنّ يَعِنّ ويَعُنّ عَناًّ وعُنُونا واعْتَنّ: اعْترض. وَالِاسْم: العَنَنُ والعِنان، أنْشد ثَعْلَب:

وَمَا بَدَلٌ مِنْ أُمّ عُثمانَ سَلْفَعٌ ... مِن السُّودِ وَرْهاءُ العِنان عَرُوبُ

معنى قَوْله: " ورهاء الْعَنَان ": إِنَّهَا تعتن فِي كل كَلَام، أَي تعترض فِيهِ. وَلَا افعله مَا عَن فِي السَّمَاء نجم: من ذَلِك.

وَرجل مِعَنّ: يعرض فِي كل شَيْء، وَيدخل فِيمَا لَا يعنيه. وَالْأُنْثَى: بِالْهَاءِ. قَالَ:

مِعَنَّةً مِفَنَّهْ

كالرّيحِ حَوْلَ القُنَّهْ

مِفَنَّة: تَفْتَنُّ عَن الشَّيْء. ولقيه عينَ عُنَّة: أَي اعتراضا. وَأَعْطَاهُ ذَلِك عين عُنَّة: أَي خَاصَّة من بَين أَصْحَابه، وَهُوَ مِنْهُ.

والمُعانَّة: الْمُعَارضَة.

وعُناناك أَن تفعل ذَاك: من المُعانَّة، وَذَلِكَ أَن تُرِيدُ امرا، فَيعرض دونه عَارض يمنعك مِنْهُ، ويحبسك عَنهُ.

والعانُّ من السَّحَاب: الَّذِي يعْتَرض فِي الْأُفق.

والتَّعنين: الْحَبْس.

والعِنيِّن: الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاء، بَين العُنانة، والعِنِّينة، والعِنِّينيَّة. وَقد عُنِّن عَنْهَا. وَهُوَ مِمَّا تقدم، كَأَنَّهُ اعْتَرَضَهُ مَا يحْبسهُ عَن النِّسَاء. وَامْرَأَة عنينة: كَذَلِك.

وعِنان اللجام: السّير الَّذِي تمسك بِهِ الدَّابَّة. وَالْجمع: أعِنَّة، وعُنُن: نَادِر. فَأَما سِيبَوَيْهٍ فَقَالَ: لم تكسر على غير أعِنَّة، لأَنهم إِن كسروه على بِنَاء الْأَكْثَر، لَزِمَهُم التَّضْعِيف، وَكَانُوا فِي هَذَا أَحْرَى. يُرِيد: إِذْ كَانُوا قد يقتصرون على أبنية أدنى الْعدَد فِي غير المعتل، يَعْنِي بالمعتل: المدغم، وَلَو كسروه على فعل، فلزمهم التَّضْعِيف، لأدغموا كَمَا حكى هُوَ، من أَن من الْعَرَب من يَقُول فِي جمع ذُبَاب: ذُبّ.

وأعَنَّ اللجام: جعل لَهُ عِنانا. وَعَن الْفرس، وأعنَّه: حَبسه بعنانه. والعِنان: الْحَبل، قَالَ رؤبة:

إِلَى عِناَنيْ ضَامِرٍ لطِيفِ

عَنى بالعِنانين هُنَا: المتنين. والضامر هُنَا: الْمَتْن.

وعَنَّنَتِ الْمَرْأَة شعرهَا: شكلت بعضه بِبَعْض.

وَشركَة عِنان، وشرك عِنان: شركَة فِي شَيْء خَاص، كَأَنَّهُ عَن لَهما، فاشترياه واشتركا فِيهِ. وَقيل: هُوَ أَن يُعارض الرجل الرجل عِنْد الشِّرَاء، فَيَقُول لَهُ: أشركني مَعَك، وَذَلِكَ قبل أَن يسْتَوْجب العلق. وَقيل: شركَة عِنان: أَن يَكُونَا سَوَاء فِي العلق، لِأَن عِنان الدَّابَّة: طاقتان. قَالَ الْجَعْدِي يمدح قومه ويفتخر:

وشارَكْنا قُرَيْشا فِي تُقاها ... وَفِي أنْسابِها شِرْكَ العِنانِ

بِمَا وَلَدَتْ نِساءُ بني هلالٍ ... وَمَا وَلَدَتْ نِساءُ بني أبانِ

أَي ساويناهم. وَلَو كَانَ من الِاعْتِرَاض لَكَانَ هجاء.

وَفُلَان قصير العِنان: قَلِيل الْخَيْر، على الْمثل.

والعُنَّة: الحظيرة من الْخشب، تجْعَل لِلْإِبِلِ وَالْغنم تحبس فِيهَا. قَالَ ثَعْلَب: العُنَّة: الحظيرة تكون على بَاب الرجل، فَيكون فِيهَا إبِله وغنمه. وَمن كَلَامهم: " لَا يجْتَمع اثْنَان فِي عُنَّة "، وَجَمعهَا: عُنَن، قَالَ الْأَعْشَى:

تَرَى اللَّحمَ من ذابلٍ قد ذَوَى ... ورَطْبٍ يُرَقَّعُ فوقَ العُنَنْ

وعُنَّةُ الْقدر: الدِّقدان، قَالَ: عَفَتْ غيرَ أنآءٍ ومَنْصِبِ عُنَّةٍ ... وأوْرق من تحتِ الخَصَاصةِ هامِدِ

والعَنان: السَّحَاب. وَقيل: هِيَ السَّحَاب الَّتِي تمسك المَاء، واحدته: عَنانة.

وأعنان السَّمَاء: نَوَاحِيهَا. وعِنانها: مَا بدا لَك مِنْهَا إِذا نظرت إِلَيْهَا. وأعنان الشّجر: أَطْرَافه ونواحيه. وعِنان الدَّار: جَانبهَا الَّذِي يَعِنُّ لَك، أَي يعرض.

وَأما مَا جَاءَ فِي الحَدِيث من قَوْله عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاة وَالسَّلَام فِي وصف الْإِبِل: " أعنانُ الشَّياطين "، فانه أَرَادَ إِنَّهَا على أَخْلَاق الشَّيَاطِين. وَحَقِيقَة الأعْنان: النواحي.

وعَنّ الْكتاب يَعُنُّهُ عَنًّا، وعنَنَّه: كعَنْوَنه.

واعْتَنَّ مَا عِنْد الْقَوْم: أَي اعْلَم خبرهم.

وعَنْعَنَة تَمِيم: إبدالهم الْعين من الْهمزَة، كَقَوْلِهِم: " عَنْ " يُرِيدُونَ: " أنْ "، وَأنْشد يَعْقُوب:

فَلَا تُلهِكَ الدُّنْيا عنِ الدينِ واعْتَمِلْ ... لآخِرَةٍ لَا بُدَّ " عْنَ " سَتَصيرُها

عن

1 عَنَّ, aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عَنُّ, (S, Msb, K,) the former accord. to some relaters, and the latter accord. to others, occurring in a verse of a Hudhalee, (TA,) inf. n. عَنَنٌ (S, Msb, K) and عَنٌّ (Msb, K) and عُنُونٌ, the first of which is also [or is properly] a simple subst., (K, [and such, in one sense, it is said to be in the Msb, as will be shown in what follows,]) said of an affair, or event, (Msb,) or of a thing, (S, * K,) It appeared before one: (K:) [and] i. q. عَرَضَ (S, Mgh) and (S, K) اِعْتَرَضَ (S, Msb, K) [i. e. it appeared; it showed, presented, or offered, itself: it occurred: and it presented itself, or intervened between a person and an object before him, as an obstacle: it opposed itself]: and so ↓ اِعْتَنَّ. (S, K.) [See also عَنَنٌ, below.] Imra-el-Keys says, فَعَنَّ لَنَا سِرْبٌ كَأَنَّ نِعَاجَهُ عَذَارَى دَوَارٍ فِى مُلَآءٍ مُذَيَّلِ (Mgh, TA, *) meaning, عَرَضَ, (TA,) i. e. and there appeared to us a herd of wild oxen, as though the females thereof were virgins making the circuit of Dawár, or Duwár, in long-skirted garments of the kind called مُلَآء; Dawár, or Duwár, being the name of an idol around which the people of the Time of Ignorance used to curcuit. (Mgh, * and EM pp. 46 and 47.) And one says, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا عَنَّ فِى السَّمَآءِ نَجْمٌ, meaning مَا عَرَضَ [i. e. I will not do it as long as a star appears in the sky]. (S.) b2: And عَنَّ, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. عَنَنٌ, (TA,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) and the inf. n. is عَنٌّ, (TA,) He opposed himself (اِعْتَرَضَ, Msb, or تَعَرَّضَ, TA) to another (Msb) from right and left, (TA,) or from either side of him, (Msb,) with an abominable, or evil, action. (Msb, TA.) b3: And عَنَّ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ [inf. n., app., عَنٌّ,] He turned aside, or away, from the thing. (Msb.) b4: Hence the saying of the lawyers, عَنَّ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ دُونَ أُخْرَى

[He turned away from one woman, not from another]; meaning he desired not one woman, but desired another: thus in the active form: and one may also say عُنَّ i. e. in the passive form [from one or another of the following significations of the trans. verb]. (Msb.) For the latter of these, and its var. عُنِنَ, see 2.

A2: عَنَنْتُ اللِّجَامَ: see 4. b2: عَنَّ دَابَّتَهُ He put a rein (عِنَان) to his beast. (TA.) And عَنَنْتُ الفَرَسَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb;) in the M [↓ عَنَّنْتُ,] with tesh-deed; (TA;) I withheld the horse by means of his عِنَان [or rein]; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَعْنَنْتُهُ: (K:) or الفَرَسَ ↓ أَعْنَنْتُ signifies I put a rein to the horse: (Msb:) and it is said in the T that الفَارِسُ ↓ أَعَنَّ means the horseman drew, or pulled, the rein of his beast, to turn him back, or away, from his course. (TA.) b3: And عَنَنْتُهُ, (Msb,) and عُنَّ, (Mgh,) I confined him, (Msb,) and he was confined, (Mgh,) in the عُنَّة i. e. the enclosure (Mgh, Msb) of the camels. (Mgh.) A3: عَنَنْتُ فُلَانًا I reviled such a one; vilified him; or gave a bad name to him. (K.) A4: See also Q. Q. 1.2 عَنَّنْتُ اللِّجَامَ: see 4. b2: عَنَّنْت الفَرَسَ: see 1, last quarter. b3: [Hence, perhaps,] عُنِّنَ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَعْنِينٌ, (Msb,) which see also voce عُنَّةٌ, former half, in two places, He was pronounced by the judge (S, Msb, K) to be incapacitated from going in to his wife, (Msb, K,) or to have no desire for his wife: or to be withheld from her by enchantment, or fascination: (S, Msb, K:) and ↓ أُعِنَّ signifies the same; as also ↓ عُنَّ, (K, TA,) and ↓ عُنِنَ; and ↓ اعْتُنَّ. (TA. [Thus in the supplement to this art. in the TA; but it seems that the last of these verbs may be a mistranscription for أُعِنَّ, as this verb is there omitted, though the other verbs are mentioned, and followed by the part. ns. مَعْنُونٌ and مُعَنٌّ and مُعَنَّنٌ, but not مُعْتَنٌّ.]) b4: التَّعْنيِنُ also signifies The confining in a deep مَطْبَق [or subterranean prison]. (TA.) b5: And عَنَّنَتْ شَعَرَهَا, said of a woman, means شَكَلَتْ بَعْضَهُ بِبَعْضٍ [i. e. She plaited together two locks of her hair, of the fore part of her head, on the right and left, and then bound them with her other pendent locks or plaits]. (TA.) A2: See also Q. Q. 1.3 المُعَانَّةُ and العِنَانُ signify المُعَارَضَةُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) as inf. ns. of عَانَّهُ [meaning He did like as he (the latter) did: or he opposed him, being opposed by him]. (TA.) See, below, شِرْكَةُ العِنَانِ: and also عُنَانَاكَ.4 أَعَنَّ [i. q. تَعَرَّضَ]. One says, ↓ أَعْنَنْتُ بِعُنَّةٍ

مَا أَدْرِى مَا هِىَ, (S, K, but in the latter لا ادرى,) meaning I addressed, applied, or directed, myself to a thing (تَعَرَّضْتُ لِشَىْءٍ) not knowing what it was. (S, K.) A2: And أَعْنَنْتُهُ لِكَذَا I exposed him, or caused him to become exposed, (عَرَّضْتُهُ,) to such a thing; and I turned him to it, or towards it. (S.) A3: أَعْننْتُ اللِّجَامَ I put a rein (عِنَان) to the bit; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَنَّنْتُهُ, (S, * K,) inf. n. تَعْنِينٌ; (S;) and ↓ عَنَنْتُهُ. (K.) b2: See also 1, last quarter, in three places. b3: أُعِنَّ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ: see 2.5 تعنّن He (a man) abstained from women without his being incapacitated from going in to them, because of blood-revenge that he sought. (TA.) 8 اعتنّ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: اِعْتَنَّ مَا عِنْدَهُمْ He became acquainted with their state, or case. (K.) A3: اعْتُنَّ: see 2.

R. Q. 1 عَنْعَنَةٌ [an inf. n. of which the verb is عَنْعَنَ] The substituting of ع for ء; [for instance,] saying عَنْ in the place of أَنْ: a practice of [the tribe of] Temeem: (S, K:) or, accord. to Fr, it is of the dial. of Kureysh and of those in their neighbourhood, and of Temeem and Keys and Asad and those in their neighbourhood: they change the أ of أَنَّ, with fet-h, into ع; but not when it is with kesr. (TA.) [See two instances in art. عنف, conj. 8.] b2: Hence, عَنْعَنَةُ المُحَدِّثِينَ [i. e. The saying of the relaters of traditions فُلَانٌ عَنْ فُلَانٍ عَنْ فُلَانٍ, suppressing the word رَوَى or حَدَّثَ or. سَمِعَ]: but this is said to be post-classical. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 عَنْوَنَ الكِتَابَ He put a superscription, or title, (عُنْوَان,) to the book, or writing; (S, * Msb;) or he wrote the عُنْوَان of the book, or writing; (K;) like عَلْوَنَهُ; (TA;) and ↓ عَنَّهُ, (S, K, TA,) aor. ـُ inf. n. عَنٌّ, (TA,) signifies the same; as also ↓ عنّنهُ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. تَعْنِينٌ, mentioned by Lh; (TA;) and عَنَّاهُ, (S, K, TA,) formed by changing one of the ن s [of عَنَّنَ] into ى. (S, TA.) [See also Q. Q. 1 in art. عنو.]

عَنْ is used in three manners: A2: First, it is a prep.: and as such it has ten meanings. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (1) It denotes transition; (Msb, Mughnee, K;) either sensibly or virtually; (Msb;) and the Basrees have mentioned no other meaning than this: (Mughnee:) or, as Sb expresses it, (Msb,) it denotes what has passed [or rather it denotes passage] from the thing [that is mentioned immediately after it]: (S, Msb:) Er-Rághib says that it necessarily denotes transition from that to the mention of which it is prefixed: and the grammarians say that it is applied to denote what has passed and become remote from thee. (TA.) Thus in the saying, سَافَرْتُ عَنِ البَلَدِ [I journeyed from the country, or town]. (Mughnee, K. *) And in رَغِبْتُ عَنْ كَذَا [I abstained from such a thing; and hence, I did not desire, or wish for, such a thing]. (Mughnee.) And رَمَيْتُ عَنِ القَوْسِ [I shot an arrow, or arrows, from the bow]; (S, Mughnee;) because by means of the bow one projects his arrow from the bow, and makes it to pass therefrom: (S:) but another meaning of this will be mentioned in what follows. (Mughnee.) and أَطْعَمْتُهُ عَنْ جُوعٍ [I fed him so as to free him from hunger]; (S, Msb;) making hunger to be quitted, and passed from: (S, * Msb:) and in this case, مِنْ is used in its place, (S, TA,) as in the Kur cvi. 3; (TA;) or the meaning in this instance is, because of hunger. (Jel.) And جَلَسْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ, [as though] meaning I sat passing away from the place of his right side, in sitting, to another place [adjacent thereto: but see another explanation near the end of the paragraph]. (Msb.) And اِنْصَرِفْ عَنِّى and تَنَحَّ عَنِّى [Turn thou, or go thou, away, or aside, from me]. (TA.) And أَخَذْتُ العِلْمَ عَنْهُ I understood, or became acquainted with, [or acquired,] knowledge, or science, from him; as though the understanding passed from him. (Msb.) [And similar to this is the phrase رَوَى عَنْ فُلَانٍ, for which عَنْ فُلَانٍ alone (the verb being understood) is often used, He related a tradition or traditions &c. as learned, or heard, or received, from such a one, or on the authority of such a one. In many other phrases also, some of which will be mentioned in treating of عَنْ as syn. with مِنْ, the former of these two prepositions is to be, or may be, expl. as denoting transition. For ex., one says, دَفَعَ عَنْهُ and دَافَعَ He repelled from him; and hence, he defended him: (see art. دفع:) and رَمَى عَنْهُمْ He shot in defence of them: (see an ex. in a verse cited voce مَعْبُولٌ:) and عَنْهُ is sometimes used for دِفَاعًا عَنْهُ; as in the phrase قَاتَلْتُ عَنْهُ I fought in defence of him; i. e., repelling from him. But the instances of this and other usages of عَنْ, exclusive of those mentioned in this paragraph, depending upon verbs or part. ns. expressed or obviously understood, are far too numerous to be here collected: many of these will be found among the explanations of words with which they occur.] b3: (2) It denotes a compensation; or something given, or received, or put, or done, instead, or in lieu, of another thing. (Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying [in the Kur ii. 45], وَ اتَّقُوا يَوْمًا لَا تَجْزِى نَفْسٌ عَنْ نَفْسٍ شَيْئًا [And fear ye a day wherein a soul shall not give anything as a satisfaction for a soul, i. e. for another soul: or shall not make satisfaction for a soul at all; accord. to the latter rendering, شيئا being put in the accus. case after the manner of an inf. n.]. (Mughnee, K. *) And in the saying in a trad., صُومِى عَنْ أُمِّكِ [Fast thou for, or in lieu of, thy mother]. (Mughnee.) b4: (3) It denotes superiority (الاِسْتِعْلَآء [as used tropically]); (Mughnee, K;) i. e. as syn. with عَلَى. (Mughnee.) Thus in the saying of Dhu-l-Isba' El-'Adwánee, لَاهِ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ لَا أَفْضَلْتَ فِى حَسَبٍ

عَنِّى وَلَا أَنْتَ دَيَّانِى فَتَخْزُوَنِى (S, Mughnee,) i. e. To God be attributed the excellence of the son of thy paternal uncle (the meaning being لِلّٰهِ دَرُّ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ), thou hast not become possessed of superiority, in grounds of pretension to respect or honour, above me, or over me, (عَلَىَّ,) nor art thou my governor that thou shouldst rule me; for the well-known mode is to say أَفْضَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ. (Mughnee.) [Thus too in the phrases تَعَظَّمَ عَنْهُ and تَعَاظَمَ عَنْهُ (expl. in art. عظم), and in the phrase تَجَالَّ عَنْهُ (expl. in art. جل), and the like.] And thus it has been said to be used in the phrase [in the Kur xxxviii. 31], إِنِّى أَحْبَبْتُ حُبَّ الْخَيْرِ عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّى, meaning قَدَّمْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ [i. e. Verily I have preferred the love of good things above, or to, the remembrance, or praise, of my Lord]: but it is also said that it is here used in its proper manner, as dependent upon a denotative of state suppressed; the meaning being, مُنْصَرِفًا عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّى [i. e. turning away from the remembrance, &c.]: and AO is related to have said that أَحْبَبْتُ is from أَحَبَّ, البَعِيرُ, signifying “ the camel lay down and did not become roused; ” and that the meaning is, I have become withheld by the love of good things from the remembrance, &c. (Mughnee.) and it is [said to be] used as denoting superiority or the like in the saying [in the Kur xlvii. last verse], فَإِنَّمَا يَبْخَلُ عَنْ نفْسِهِ [as though the meaning were He is niggardly only to himself (عَلَى نَفْسِهِ, for عَلَى is considered in this case as importing an ideal superiority); but the phrase may be better rendered, agreeably with the proper, or primary, signification of عَنْ, he withholds, with niggardliness, only from himself; as is indicated by Bd]. (Mughnee, K.) b5: (4) It denotes a cause. (Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying [in the Kur ix. 115], وَمَا كَانَ اسْتِغْفَارُ إِبْرٰهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ إِلَّا عَنْ مَوْعِدَةٍ [and Abraham's begging forgiveness for his father was not otherwise than because of a promise]. (Mughnee, K.) And thus in the saying [in the Kur xi. 56], وَمَا نَحْنُ بِتَارِكِى آلِهَتِنَا عَنْ قَوْلِكَ [And we are not, or will not be, relinquishers of our gods because of thy saying]: or the meaning may be, we do not, or will not, relinquish our gods, turning away (صَادِرِينَ, as a denotative of state relating to the pronoun [implied] in تاركى,) from thy saying; and this is the opinion of Z. (Mughnee.) [See also an ex. voce دَنْدَنَ, last sentence.] b6: (5) It is syn. with بَعْدَ. (S, Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying [in the Kur xxiii. 42], عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ

لَيُصْبِحُنَّ نَادِمِينَ, (Mughnee, K,) meaning بَعْدَ قَلِيلٍ [i. e. After a little while, they will assuredly become repentant]. (TA.) And in the phrase [in the Kur lxxxiv. 19], لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَنْ طَبَقٍ

[expl. in art. طبق], meaning حَالَةً بَعْدَ حَالَةٍ. (Mughnee.) And in the saying, وَمَنْهَلٍ وَرَدْتُهُ عَنْ مَنْهَلٍ

[And to many a watering-place have I come after a watering-place]. (Mughnee.) And in the saying of El-Hárith Ibn-'Obád, قَرِّبَا مَرْبَطَ النَّعَامَةِ مِنِّى

لَقِحَتْ حَرْبُ وائِلٍ عَنْ حِيَالِ (S, * TA,) meaning بَعْدَ حِيَالٍ [i. e. Make ye two to be near to me the place of the tying of En-Na'ámeh (the name of a horse of the poet): the war of Wáïl has become pregnant after failing to be pregnant during a year, or years]. (TA.) And in the saying of Et-Tirimmáh, سَيَعْلَمُ كُلُّهُمْ أَنِّى مُسِنٌّ

↓ إِذَا دَفَعُوا عِنَانًا عَنْ عِنَانِ i. e. [All of them shall know that I am of full age, when they press forward] heat after heat. (TA.) b7: (6) It denotes the meaning of the preposition فِى. (Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying, وَلَا تَكُ عَنْ حَمْلِ الرِّبَاعَةِ وَانِيَا [And be not thou remiss in bearing the responsibility of the obligation that thou takest upon thyself]; as is shown by the phrase, [in the Kur xx. 44], وَلَا تَنِيَا فِى ذِكْرِى: (Mughnee, K:) so it is said; but it seems that the meaning of وَنَى

عَنْ كَذَا is, “he passed from such a thing, not entering upon it; ” and وَنَى فِيهِ, “he entered upon it but was remiss, or languid: ” by الرِّبَاعَة is meant the payment of a bloodwit or the like. (Mughnee.) b8: (7) It is syn. with مِنْ. (Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying [in the Kur xlii. 24], وَهُوَ الَّذِى يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ [And He is he who accepts repentance from his servants]. (AO, Mughnee, K.) Az mentions among the cases in which there is a difference between مِنْ and عَنْ, that the former has adjoined to it a noun signifying what is near; and the latter, [one signifying] what is remote; as in one's saying سَمِعْتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ حَدِيثًا [I heard from such a one a narrative], and حَدَّثَنِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ حَدِيثًا [He related to me a narrative from such a one, a phrase similar to رَوَى عَنْ فُلَانٍ, mentioned among exs. of the first meaning of عن]: accord. to As, one says, حَدَّثَنِى فُلَانٌ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, meaning عَنْهُ [i. e. Such a one related to me from such a one]; and لَهِيتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ and عَنْهُ [I became diverted from such a one so as to forget him]: accord. to Ks, one says لَهِيتُ عَنْهُ only: and عَنْكَ جَآءَ هٰذَا as meaning مِنْكَ [i. e. From thee came this]. (TA.) b9: (8) It is syn. with بِ. (Mughnee, K.) Thus [it is said to be used] in the phrase [in the Kur liii. 3], وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى [Nor does he speak with the desire of self-gratification]: (Mughnee, K:) but it seems that it is here used in its proper [or primary] sense; and that the meaning is, وَمَا يَصْدُرُ قَوْلُهُ عَنْ هَوًى [nor does his speech proceed from desire of self-gratification; so the phrase may be well rendered, nor does he speak from the desire &c.]. (Mughnee.) One says also, أَجَابُوا عَنْ بَوَآءٍ وَاحِدٍ, meaning بِجَوَابٍ وَاحِدٍ [i. e. They replied with one reply]. (T, S, O, K, all in art, بوأ.) And جَاؤُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ [They came with the last of them; عَنْ being here syn. with بِ; meaning they came all, without exception]. (A in art. اخر.) [and in like manner, قَتَلُوهُمْ عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ They slew them with the last of them; meaning they slew them all, without exception.] b10: (9) It denotes the using a thing as an aid or instrument. (Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying, رَمَيْتُ عَنِ القَوْسِ [I shot with, or by means of, the bow], accord. to Ibn-Málik; (Mughnee, K;) because one says also, رَمَيْتُ بِالقَوْسِ; both mentioned by Fr. (Mughnee.) [Another explanation of this phrase has been mentioned before.] b11: (10) It is redundant, to compensate for another [عن] suppressed (Mughnee, K.) Thus in the saying, أَتَجْزَعُ إِنْ نَفْسٌ أَتَاهَا حِمَامُهَا فَهَلَّا الَّتِى عَنْ بَيْنِ جَنْبَيْكَ تَدْفَعُ [Art thou impatient if the decreed event of death befall a soul? but why wilt not thou repel from, i. e. defend, that which is between thy two sides?]; (Mughnee, K;) the meaning being, تَدْفَعُ عَنِ الَّتِى بَيْنَ جَنْبَيْكَ; (IJ, Mughnee;) عن being suppressed before the conjunct noun [التى], and added after it. (Mughnee, K.) And sometimes it is redundant without compensation, when conjoined with a pronoun: Az says that the Arabs make عَنْكَ redundant in the phrase خُذْ ذَا عَنْكَ [meaning Take thou, or receive thou, this]: (TA:) [but خُذْ عَنْكَ is expl. in the S and L, in art. اخذ, as meaning خُذْ مَا أَقُولُ وَدَعْ عَنْكَ الشَّكَّ وَالمِرَآءَ: see 1 in art. اخذ:] and اُنْفُذْ عَنْكَ, occurring in a trad., is expl. as meaning دَعْهُ [i. e. Leave thou it]: (TA:) or this means go thou from thy place; pass thou from it. (L in art. نفذ.) [See also the last ex. in this paragraph.]

A3: The second manner of using it is, as a particle of the kind called مَصْدَرِىٌّ, [combining with an aor. following it to form an equivalent to an inf. n.,] as is done by the tribe of Temeem, (Mughnee, K, *) in what is termed their عَنْعَنَة: (K: [see R. Q. 1:]) they use it in the place of أَنْ; (S, Mughnee;) saying, أَعْجَبَنِى عَنْ تَفْعَلَ, (Mughnee, K,) for أَنْ تَفْعَلَ [meaning Thy doing such a thing pleased me]. (Mughnee.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, أَعَنْ تَرَسَّمْتَ مِنْ خَرْقَآءَ مَنْزِلَةً

مَآءُ الصَّبَابَةِ مِنْ عَيْنَيْكَ مَسْجُومُ [Is thy having looked upon the traces of a place of abiding of thy beloved Kharkà the cause that the water of excessive love is shed from thine eyes?]. (S, Mughnee.) And thus they do in the case of أَنَّ; saying, مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ ↓ أَشْهَدُ عَنَّ [I acknowledge, or declare, or testify, that Mohammad is the apostle of God]. (Mughnee.) A4: The third manner of using it is, as a noun, in the sense of جَانِب, (Mughnee, K, *) or نَاحِيَة: (S:) and this is said to be in three cases. (Mughnee.) b2: (1) It is when مِنْ is prefixed to it; and this is of frequent occurrence: (Mughnee:) as in the saying, وَلَقَدْ أَرَانِى لِلرِّمَاحَ دَرِيْئَةً مِنْ عَنْ يَمِينِى مَرَّةً وَأَمَامِى

[And verily I see me to be like a ring for the spears to be aimed at, from the side of my right hand at one time, and from before me at another time]: (Mughnee, K: *) and in the saying, جِئْتُ مِنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ I came from the side of his right hand. (S.) In the opinion of Ibn-Málik, مِنْ prefixed to عَنْ is redundant; but accord. to others, it is used [as expl. above,] to denote the beginning of a space between two limits: these say that قَعَدْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ means فِى جَانِبِ يَمِينِهِ [i. e. I sat in the side of his right hand], either closely or otherwise; but if you say مِنْ [before عَنْ], the sitting is particularized as being close to the first part of the lateral space. (Mughnee.) b3: (2) It is also when عَلَى is prefixed to it: (Mughnee:) thus in the saying, عَلَى عَنْ يَمِينِى مَرَّتِ الطَّيْرُ سُنَّحَا [On, or over, the side of my right hand, the birds passed along turning the right side towards me, or turning the left side towards me; the last word being a pl., accord. to analogy, of سَانِحٌ, which is used in two opposite senses]: (Mughnee, K:) but this usage is extraordinary; no other instance of it than that here cited having been preserved. (Mughnee.) b4: (3) It is also when what is governed by it in the gen. case and the agent of the verb in connection with it are two pronouns having one application: so says Akh: as in the saying of Imra-el-Keys, دَعْ عَنْكَ نَهْبًا صِيحَ فِى حَجَرَاتِهِ [or فَدَعْ عَنْكَ: see the entire verse cited and expl. in art. حجر]: but it is shown to be not a noun in such a case by this, that جَانِب may not take its place [unless used in a tropical sense]. (Mughnee. [See what has been said above, that عَنْكَ in a phrase of this kind is held to be redundant.]) عَنَّ for أَنَّ: see the next preceding paragraph, last quarter.

عَنٌّ: see أَعْنَانٌ. b2: إِنَّه يَأْخُذُ فِى كُلِّ عَنٍّ means the same as فى كلّ فَنٍّ [i. e. Verily he enters upon every mode, or manner, of speech or the like]; and so فى كلّ سَنٍّ. (TA.) عَنَّةٌ: see what next follows.

عُنَّةٌ The presenting, or opposing, oneself, with meddling, or impertinent, speech; with speech respecting that which does not concern him; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ عَنَّةٌ, with fet-h, (Msb,) or ↓ عِنَّةٌ, with kesr. (TA.) b2: أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَيْنَ عُنَّةٍ, (S,) or عَيْنَ عُنَّةَ, imperfectly decl., and sometimes عَيْنَ عُنَّةٍ, (K,) means I gave to him distinguishing him particularly from among his companions: (S, K:) from العَنُّ signifying “ the presenting, or opposing, oneself. ” (TA.) And one says, رَأَيْتُهُ عَيْنَ عُنَّةٍ (S) or عُنَّةَ (K) I saw him just now, (S, K, TA,) presenting, or opposing, himself, (TA,) without my seeking him. (S, TA.) And أَعْنَنْتُ بِعُنَّةٍ مَا

أَدْرِى مَا هِىَ: see 4. (S, K.) A2: It is also the subst. from عُنِّنَ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ [i. e. a subst. signifying The state of being pronounced by the judge to be incapacitated from going in to his wife, or to have no desire for his wife: or of being withheld from her by enchantment, or fascination]: (S, Msb, * K:) or incapacity to go in to women: (Mgh, Msb:) or undesirousness of women: (Msb:) a word used in this sense by the lawyers; (Mgh, Msb;) who say, بِهِ عُنَّةٌ: (Msb:) but it is declared to be a low word, not allowable; (Mgh, Msb;) instead of which one should say ↓ تَعْنِينٌ, (Mgh,) or, accord. to Th and others, ↓ عَنَنٌ, and ↓ عِنِّينَةٌ, and accord. to the Bári', ↓ عَنَانَةٌ: (Msb:) [i. e.] ↓ عِنِّينَةٌ signifies undesirousness of women: (S:) or, as also ↓ عِنِينَةٌ, and ↓ عَنَانَةٌ, and ↓ تَعْنِينٌ, and ↓ تَعْنِينَةٌ, (K,) and ↓ عِنِّينِيَّةٌ, (TA,) it signifies thus, or non-performance of the act of going in to women, by reason of impotence. (K, TA.) A3: Also An enclosure (S, Mgh, Msb, K) made of wood, (S, Msb, K, TA,) or of trees, (TA,) for camels, (S, Mgh, K, *) or for camels and horses, (Msb,) or for camels and sheep or goats, to be confined therein: (TA:) or an enclosure at the door of a man, in which are his camels and his sheep or goats: (Th, TA:) pl. عُنَنٌ (S, K) and عِنَانٌ. (K.) لَا يَجْتَمِعُ اثْنَانِ فِى عُنَّةٍ [Two (app. meaning stallion-camels) will not be together in an enclosure for camels] is one of their sayings. (TA.) And one says, كالْمُهَدِّرِ فِى العُنَّةِ Like the brayer (meaning the braying stallion-camel) in the enclosure of trees, in which the stallion-camel is sometimes confined to prevent him from covering; such a stallion being hence termed ↓ معَنًّى, originally ↓ مُعَنَّنٌ: (Meyd:) it is a prov., applied to a man (Meyd, TA, and S and A and K in art. هدر) raising a cry and clamour, (S, K,) or threatening, (TA,) who does not make his saying, or action, to have effect; (S, * Meyd, K;) like the camel that is so confined, prevented from covering, and brays. (S, K.) b2: It is also said, by El-Bushtee and in the K, to signify A rope; and in a verse of El-Aashà, in which he mentions flesh-meat as put upon the عُنَن, this last word has been expl. as meaning ropes which are stretched, and upon which is thrown the flesh-meat that is cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and dried in the sun: but Az says that the right meaning is, the enclosures for camels; that he had seen such enclosures in the desert, thus called because facing the direction whence blows the north wind, to protect the camels from the cold of that wind; and that he had seen the people spread the flesh-meat cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and dried in the sun, upon them: he thinks that the word was expl. as meaning ropes by one who had seen the poor of the sacred territory extending ropes in Minè, and putting upon them the flesh of the victims of sacrifice that had been given to them. (TA.) b3: Also A booth by means of which one shades himself, made of panic grass (ثُمَام) or [probably a mistake for and] branches of trees. (IB, TA.) b4: And Reeds, or plants or herbage, which a man collects, to give, as fodder, to his sheep or goats: one says, جَآءَ بِعُنَّةٍ

عَظِيمَةٍ [He came with, or brought, a great collection of reeds, &c.]. (TA.) And one says, كُنَّا فِى عُنَّةٍ مِنَ الكَلَأِ, and غُنَّةٍ, and ثُنَّةِ, i. e. We were in abundant herbage. (TA.) A4: Also The دِقْدَان (thus [correctly, as will be shown by an explanation in what follows, confirmed by an ex. from a poet,] in more than one of the copies of the K, in the CK دَقْدان, in the copy of the K followed in the TA وقدان, and in the L رقدان,) of the cooking-pot: (K, TA:) MF read وقدان, and conjecturally, and from analogy, supposed it [to be وَقَدَان and] to mean غَلَيَان; but the word is arabicized from the Pers\. ديكدان, [correctly ديگدان, pronounced dēgdān,] a name for the thing upon which the cooking-pot is set up; and thus it [i. e. عُنَّةٌ] is expl. in the M and other lexicons [among which may be mentioned the L]: hence the saying of a poet, عَفَتْ غَيْرَ أَنْآءٍ وَمَنْصَبِ عُنَّةٍ

وَأوْرَقَ مِنْ تَحْتِ الخَصَاصَةِ هَامِدِ [It (the دار, or place of abode,) was effaced, save trenches dug around the tents to keep off the torrent, and the place of the setting-up of the support of the cooking-pot, and ashes beneath the space between the three stones that formed that support, in a state of extinction]. (TA.) عِنَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first sentence.

عَنَنٌ is a subst. [as well as an inf. n.] of عَنَّ; (Msb, K, TA;) [as such,] i. q. اِعْتِرَاضٌ [used as a simple subst., meaning Opposition]; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ عِنَانٌ: (K, TA:) or opposition of oneself to another, from either side of him, with an abominable, or evil, action. (Msb.) El-Hárith Ibn-Hillizeh says, عَنَنًا بَاطِلًا وَظُلْمًا كَمَا يُعْ تَرُ عَنْ حُجْرَةِ الرَّبِيضِ الظِّبَآءُ (TA,) meaning In wrong opposition, (اِعْتِرَاضًا بَاطِلًا), [and injurious conduct], like as when gazelles are sacrificed [in fulfilment of a vow] for what is due on the part of the flock of sheep, or herd of goats. (EM p. 281.) And it is said in a trad., بَرِئْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الوَثَنِ والعَنَنِ i. e. [We are clear, to thee,] of the idol (الصَّنَم) and opposition (الاِعْتِرَاض); as though saying, of associating another with God and of wrongdoing: or, as some say, the meaning [of the last word] in this case is disagreement, or opposition, or contravention, (الخِلَاف), and that which is wrong (البَاطِل). (TA.) And in another trad., دَهِمَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ فِى عَنَنِ جِمَاحِهِ [Death came upon him suddenly in the opposition of his heedless, or inconsiderate, course]. (TA. [There expl. only by the words هُوَ مَا لَيْسَ بِقَصْدٍ.]) And one says, هُوَ لَكَ بَيْنَ الأَوْبِ وَالعَنَنِ, meaning [He is to thee in a state] between obedience and disobedience. (TA.) ↓ وَرْهَآءُ العِنَانِ, a phrase used by a poet, means [A woman foolish in] opposing herself, or intervening, in every discourse. (TA.) And العَنَنُ signifies also [particularly] Death's opposing itself, and preceding: (TA, JM:) occurring in a trad. of Sateeh [the Diviner]. (TA.) b2: See also عِنَانٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. b3: Also The place in which a person, or thing, presents, or opposes, himself, or itself. (TA.) b4: See also أَعْنَانٌ.

A2: And see عُنَّةٌ, former half.

عَنَانٌ Clouds: (S, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, clouds appearing, or presenting themselves, or extending sideways, in the horizon; as also ↓ سَحَابٌ عَانٌّ: (TA:) such as retain the water: (K:) one whereof is termed ↓ عَنَانَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ عَانَّةٌ. (S.) b2: And عَنَانُ السَّمَآءِ, (Mgh, MF, TA,) in the K said to be ↓ عِنَان, with kesr, but the former is the right, (MF, TA,) The lofty region of the sky: (Mgh:) or what appears, of the sky, to one looking at it. (K. [See also أَعْنَانٌ.]) b3: And عَنَانُ الدَّارِ, likewise with fet-h, accord. to the K ↓ عِنَان, with kesr, which is wrong, (TA,) The side of the house, (K, TA,) that appears to one. (TA.) عِنَانٌ: see عَنَنٌ, in two places. b2: Also an inf. n. of 3 [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: And A certain appertenance of a horse or the like; (S, Msb;) [i. e. the rein;] the strap of the bridle, by means of which the horse, or similar beast, is withheld: (K:) [said to be] so called because it lies over against the mouth, not entering into it, (Msb,) or because its two straps lie over against the two sides of the neck of the beast, on the right and left: (TA:) pl. أَعِنَّةٌ (S, Msb, K) and عُنُنٌ, (K,) or, accord. to Sb, the former only. (TA.) [Sometimes it may be rendered The bridle; as in the first of the following phrases.] ثَنَيْتُ عَلَى الفَرَسِ عِنَانَهُ I put upon the horse his bridle. (TA.) فَرَسٌ قَصِيرُ العِنَانِ [A horse short in the rein] implies discommendation, as denoting shortness of the neck: [but] هُوَ قَصِيرُ العِنَانِ [said of a man] means قلِيلُ الخَيْرِ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He is one possessing little, or no, good; or few, or no, good things; or little, or no, goodness]: and إِنَّهُ لَطَوِيلُ العِنَانِ [lit. Verily he is one whose rein is long] means, (assumed tropical:) an exalted person; of great chiefdom, or eminence. (TA.) رَجُلٌ طَرِفُ العِنَانِ (S, * K, TA, TK, in one of my copies of the S طَرفُ, and in the other طرَفُ, and in copies of the K طَرْقُ, [but correctly طَرِف, q. v., like كَتِف, as is said in the TK,]) means (tropical:) A man light, or active. (S, K, TA.) فُلَانٌ

أَبِىُّ العِنَانِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is one who refuses the rein. (TA.) ذُو العِنَانِ applied to the horse means (assumed tropical:) The tractable, or submissive. (TA.) And ذَلَّ عِنَانُ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one became submissive. (TA.) ابْغ مِنْ عِنَانِهِ [in which the first word is written in my original thus, but it has been altered by the copyist, and I doubt not that it is correctly أَرْخِ, the phrase, reading thus, being well known, i. e. Slacken thou his rein,] means (assumed tropical:) ease thou him, or relieve him. (TA.) اِثْنِ عَلَىَّ عِنَانَهُ means Turn thou back [or bend thou] towards me his rein. (TA.) جَآء ثَانِيًا فِى عِنَانِهِ [thus in my original, but correctly مِنْ عنانه, as in the S in art. ثنى, i. e. He came bending a part of his rein, turning from his course,] means (assumed tropical:) he [came having] accomplished the object of his want. (TA.) مَلَأَ عِنَانَ دَابَّتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He made, or urged, his beast to run vehemently. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] اِمْتَلَأَ عِنَانُهُ (assumed tropical:) The utmost of his power, or ability, was accomplished. (TA.) هُمَا يَجْرِيَانِ فِى عِنَانٍ (assumed tropical:) They two are equal in excellence or otherwise. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A heat; or single run to a goal, or limit: one says, جَرَى الفَرَسُ عِنَانًا (assumed tropical:) The horse ran a heat: and كَبَا فِى عِنَانِهِ (assumed tropical:) He stumbled in his heat. (TA.) See also an ex., in a verse of Et-Tirimmáh, voce عَنْ, in the middle of the paragraph. And ↓ عَنَنٌ signifies the same, i. e. A heat of a beast: and also the beginning of speech: whence the prov., مُعْتَرِضٌ لِعَنَنٍ لَمْ يَعْنِهِ meaning (assumed tropical:) Addressing himself to that which is not of his business (مَا لَيْسَ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ). (Meyd.) b3: And A long rope or cord. (TA.) b4: And العِنَانُ signifies حَبْلُ المَتْنِ [The cord of the portion of the back along which extends the spine; app. meaning the spinal cord, also called medulla spinalis, considered as a single cord]: (K:) [but this consists of two lateral cords, connected together: and therefore, app., it is said that] عِنَانَا المَتْنِ signifies حَبْلَاهُ [the two cords of the مَتْن]. (S.) A3: شِرْكَةُ العِنَانِ is The copartnership of two persons in one particular thing, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) exclusive of the rest of the articles of property of either: (S, Msb, * K:) as though a thing presented itself to them (عَنَّ لَهُمَا, S, Mgh, Msb) and they bought it (S) and they then became copartners in it: (S, Mgh, Msb:) so says ISk: (Mgh:) or it is from the عِنَان of the horse, because each assigns to his companion the عنان of the free management of part of the property: (Mgh, Msb:) or because it is allowable for them to differ, like as does the عنان in the hand of the rider when pulled and when slackened: (Mgh:) or, accord. to Az, it is the case in which each of the two copartners produces deenárs or dirhems, which they mix together, and each gives permission to the other to traffic therewith: and the lawyers differ not in respect of its being lawful; if they gain upon the two sums, the gain being between them; and if they lose, the loss being on the head of each of them [equally]: the partnership of two persons in everything that is in their possession is called شِرْكَةُ المُفَاوَضَةِ [q. v.]: (TA:) or it is the case of one's competing with a man in the making of a purchase, and saying to him, “ Make me to be a partner with thee; ” this being before he [the purchaser] becomes entitled to الغَلَق, or الغِلْق, or العلق, or العَلَق: (K: [the last word in this explanation, thus written in four different ways in different copies of the K, following the words قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَوْجِبَ, I think to be most probably الغَلَقَ, and to mean irredeemability by the seller, from غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ:]) or it is the case of two persons' being equal in partnership, (Z, Msb, K, TA,) in respect of what they contribute of gold or silver; and is from the عِنَان of the beast; (TA;) because the عنان of the beast consists of two equal single pieces: (Z, Msb, K, TA:) or it is from العِنَان as syn. with ↓ المُعَانَّة, meaning المُعَارَضَة; (Msb, TA;) because each of them does like as does the other in respect of his property [that he supplies] and in selling and buying. (TA.) See an ex. in a verse cited in art. شرك, conj. 3. b2: See also عَنَانٌ, in two places.

عَنُونٌ and ↓ عَانٌّ One who presents, or opposes, himself, with meddling, or impertinent, speech; with speech respecting that which does not concern him: pl. [of the former agreeably with analogy]

عُنُنٌ. (TA.) b2: And the former, A beast (دَابَّة) that precedes in journeying, or progress; (S, K, TA;) that vies with the [other] beasts in journeying, or progress, and precedes them; and applied to a wild ass in this sense. (TA.) عَنِينٌ One unable to retain the wind of his belly. (K.) b2: See also عِنِّينٌ.

عَنَانَةٌ: see عَنَانٌ: A2: and see also عُنَّةٌ, former half, in two places.

عِنِينَةٌ: see عُنَّةٌ, former half.

عُنَانَاكَ means The utmost of thy power, or ability, or of thy case: (S, K:) so in the saying, عُنَانَاكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا [The utmost of thy power, &c., is, or will be, thy doing such a thing]: (S:) as though from ↓ المُعَانَّةُ; (S, TA;) the case being that thou desirest to do a thing, and an obstacle intervenes in the way to it, preventing thee and withholding thee from it: (TA:) but it is disputed whether it be correctly thus, or غُنَامَاكَ. (IB, TA.) هُوَ عَنَّانٌ عَلَى آنُفِ القَوْمِ He is wont to precede, or outstrip, the people, or party. (TA.) b2: and هُوَ عَنَّانٌ عَنِ الخَيْرِ He is [one who holds back from doing good, or] slow, or tardy, to do good. (K.) العَنُّونُ, of the measure فَعُّول, is an intensive epithet applied to the present world (الدُّنْيَا) [as meaning The offerer of much opposition]; because it opposes itself to mankind. (TA.) عِنِّينٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, * K, TA,) of the measure فِعِّيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S,) and ↓ عَنِينٌ, [thus written in two places in the TA, and written without teshdeed in my copy of the Msb, but in the latter case app. from carelessness of the copyist, for otherwise the well-known form عِنِّينٌ is not there mentioned,] of which (i. e. of عَنِينٌ) عُنُنٌ is pl., [which seems to show that عَنِينٌ is not a mistranscription for عِنِّينٌ, for فُعُلٌ is a measure of a pl. of many epithets of the measure فَعِيلٌ, as جَدِيدٌ and نَذِيرٌ &c., but not, to my knowledge, of any word of the measure فِعِّيلٌ,] (TA,) A man incapable of going in to women; (Mgh, Msb;) one who does not go in to women by reason of impotence: (K:) or, as some say, one who has connection with her who is not a virgin, but not with the virgin: (TA:) or a man who is not desirous of women: (S, K:) and ↓ مَعْنُونٌ and ↓ مُعَنٌّ (Msb, TA) and ↓ مُعَنَّنٌ (TA) signify the same. (Msb, TA.) And عِنِّينَةٌ signifies A woman not desirous of men: (S, Msb, * TA:) but there is disagreement in respect of the application of the epithet to a woman. (TA.) عِنِّينَةٌ, as a subst.: see عُنَّةٌ, former half, in two places.

عُنْوَانٌ and عِنْوَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ عُنْيَانٌ and عِنْيَانٌ, (S, K,) the first of which is the most chaste, (S,) originally عُنَّانٌ, (K,) of a book, or writing, (S, Msb,) The superscription, or title, thereof: (TK:) what these words denote is thus called because it occurs (يَعِنُّ, K, TA, i. e. يَعْرِضُ, TA) in a bordering part thereof: (K, TA:) and they also signify [sometimes, as indicating the nature of the contents,] the preface of a book, or writing. (TK.) And Anything that serves as an indication of another thing is called its عُنْوَان. (Msb, K.) One says, الظَّاهِرُ عُنْوَانُ البَاطِنِ, meaning The outward state of the man is the indication of the inward state. (TK.) And one says of a man who speaks obliquely, not plainly, جَعَلَ كَذَا عُنْوَانًا لِحَاجَتِهِ He made such a thing to be an indication of his want. (TA.) [See also art. عنو.]

عُنْيَانٌ and عِنْيَانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عِنِّينِيَّةٌ: see عُنَّةٌ, former half.

عَانٌّ and عَانَّةٌ: see عَنَانٌ. b2: And for the former, see also عَنُونٌ. b3: Also, the former, A long mountain (جَبَل), (K, TA, in some copies of the K حَبْل [i. e. rope],) that presents itself in the direction in which one is going, and interrupts his way. (TA.) أَعْنَانٌ The sides, quarters, tracts, or regions, of anything: (Yoo, TA:) this is the proper signification: (TA:) [hence,] أَعْنَانُ السَّمَآءِ [in one of my copies of the S السَّحَابِ, but altered from السَّمَآءِ,] means The sides, quarters, tracts, or regions, of the sky: (K:) or the surfaces thereof, and what present themselves to view of the sides, quarters, tracts, or regions, thereof; as though pl. of ↓ عَنَنْ, (S, TA,) or of ↓ عَنٌّ: (TA:) the vulgar say عِنَانُ السَّمَآءِ. (S, TA.) b2: And [it is said that]

أَعْنَانُ الشَّيَاطِينِ means The natural dispositions of the devils. (K.) It is said of camels, in a trad., خُلِقَتْ مِنْ أَعْنَانِ الشَّيَاطِينِ [as though meaning They are created of the natural dispositions of the devils]: and in another trad., أَعْنَانُ الشَّيَاطِينِ occurs as said [app. by Mohammad] in answer to a question respecting camels: [but] accord. to IAth, the meaning seems to be, that, by reason of their many evil affections, they are as though they were from the tracts of the devil in respect of their natural dispositions. (TA.) تَعْنِينَةٌ: see عُنَّةٌ, former half.

مُعَنٌّ: see عِنِّينٌ.

مِعَنٌّ One who enters into that which does not concern him, and interferes in everything; (K;) i. q. عِرِّيضٌ, (S,) or عَرِّيضٌ مِتْيَحٌ: (TA: [see these two words:]) fem. with ة (S, K.) b2: and An orator, or a preacher; syn. خَطِيبٌ: (S, K:) or an eloquent خطيب. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

مُعَنَّنٌ: see عِنِّينٌ: b2: and see also مُعَنًّى, in art. عنو.

A2: مُعَنَّنَةُ الخَلْقِ (tropical:) A girl, or young woman, compact in make; (K, TA;) [as though] compactly twisted like the عِنَان [or rein]: (A, TA:) and ↓ مِعَنَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) a woman compact in make, not flabby in the belly. (TA.) A3: See also عُنَّةٌ, near the middle.

مُعَنًّى: see عُنَّةٌ, near the middle.

مَعْنُونٌ [pass. part. n. of 1, q. v.

A2: And] i. q. عِنِّينٌ; q. v. (Msb, TA.) b2: And Possessed; or mad, or insane. (K, TA.)

قرنيط

Entries on قرنيط in 1 Arabic dictionary by the author Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy
قرنيط: قرنيط، الواحدة قرنيطة، والجمع قرانيط: أخطبوط، دولة. وهو حيوان بحري من رتبة الرخويات. (فوم، باجني مخطوطات، بليسيبه ص106) وعند لاتور: جرنوط، وعند الكالا: قرقيط. ويرى السيد سيمونيه (ص326) أن هذه الكلمة مأخوذة من الصفة اللاتينية Camutus فهذا الحيوان الرخوي أهبر كثير اللحم.
قرنيط: سرطان البحر، حيوان بحري من القشريات. (هلو) وبهذا المعنى كتب إلي السيد سيمونيه إنها الكلمة الأسبانية Comuda التي لم تذكر في المعاجم غير أنها مستعملــة في سواحل الأندلس وتطلق على سرطان بحري كبير، ويضيف إلى ذلك إنه سمي بهذا الاسم لأن له نتوئين في مقدم الرأس شبيهين بقرنين صغيرين.

الصّريح

Entries on الصّريح in 1 Arabic dictionary by the author Al-Tahānawī, Kashshāf Iṣṭilāḥāt al-Funūn wa-l-ʿUlūm
الصّريح:
[في الانكليزية] Explicit ،clear ،evident .obvious
[ في الفرنسية] Explicite ،clair ،evident
بالراء المهملة عند الأصوليين لفظ انكشف المراد منه في نفسه بسبب كثرة الاستعمال حقيقة كان أو مجازا، وحكمه ثبوت موجبه من غير حاجة إلى النّية أو القرينة، وتقابله الكناية.
هذا هو المذكور في كتب الحنفية. قوله في نفسه أي بالنّظر إلى كونه لفظا مستعملــا والكناية ما استتر المراد منه في نفسه سواء كان المراد فيها معنى حقيقيا أو مجازيا.
واحترز بقوله في نفسه عن استتار المراد في الصريح بواسطة غرابة اللفظ أو ذهول السامع عن الوضع، أو عن القرينة أو نحو ذلك. وأيضا احتراز عن انكشاف المراد في الكناية بواسطة التفسير والبيان. فمثل المفسّر والمحكم داخل في الصريح، ومثل المجمل والمشكل داخل في الكناية، كذا في التلويح.
وأمّا في العضدي فقال هو من أقسام المنطوق فإنّه ينقسم إلى صريح وغير صريح. وعند النحاة يطلق على التأكيد اللفظي. في العباب التأكيد بإعادة لفظ الأول يسمّى صريحا وبغير لفظ الأول يسمّى غير صريح ومعنويا ويطلق أيضا على قسم من الإعراب. والتصريحة عند أهل البيان قسم من الاستعارة مقابلة للمكنية وقد سبقت في لفظ الاستعارة.

عل

Entries on عل in 6 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, and 3 more
الْعين وَاللَّام

العُنْبُلُ: البَظْرُ وامرأةٌ عُنْبُلَةٌ: طَوِيلَةُ العُنْبُلِ.

والعُنْبُلَةُ: الْخَشَبَة الَّتِي يُدَقُّ عَلَيْهَا بالمهراس.

والعُنابِلُ: الوتَرُ الغليظُ.

ورجُلٌ عُنابِلٌ: عَبْلٌ عَن كُراع.

والبُلْعُمُ والبُلْعُومُ: مَجْرَى الطَّعامِ فِي الحَلْق.

وبَلْعَمَ اللُّقْمَةَ: أكَلها.

والبُلْعُومُ: البياضُ الَّذِي فِي جَحْفَلَةِ الحِمار.

وَقَالَ أَبُو حنيفَة: البُلْعُومُ: مَسِيلٌ يكُونُ فِي القُفِّ داخلٌ فِي الأَرْض.

وبَلْعَمٌ: اسمٌ حَكَاهُ ابْن دُرَيْد. قَالَ: وَلَا أحسبُه عَرَبيا.
العين واللام
عل
العَلُّ والعَلَل: الشرْبة الثانية، عَل إبِلَه يَعُل ويَعِلُّ، وعَلَّتْ هي. والعُلالَة: بقيَّة اللبن وغيرِه.
والعَلُّ: الذي يزور النساء. والقُراد الضخم. والمسِن الصغير الجسم من الرجال. والضعيف من مرض. والعَلْعَل: الذكَر. ورأس الرهابة مما يلي الخاصرة. والذكَرُ من القَنابر.
وعَل زيداً: في معنى لعل. وبنو العلات: بنو نساء شَتى لرجل واحد.
وإنه لفي عُلْعُول: أي في شر وقتال. وعَلْعَ وعَلْعَلْ: زَجْرٌ للغنم والإبل. واليعلول: الأفِيل من الابل. وغدير مطرِد. وسحابة مطردة. والنفاخة التي تعلو الماء.
وصِبْغٌ يَعْلُول: عل مرةً بعد مرة. والتعَلْعُل: الاضطراب في المشي. والاسترخاء في الكلام. والمعللِ: يومٌ من أيام العَجوز كأنه يُعلل الناسَ بشيء من تخفيف البرد.
وعَرَض عليه سَوْمَ عالةٍ: بمعنى قول العامة: عَرْضٌ سابِرِي. واعْتله عن كذا: أعاقه. واعْتَلَلْتُ فلاناً: تَجَنيْتَ عليه.
باب العين واللام (ع ل، ل ع مستعملــان)

عل: العَلَلُ: الشَّرْبَة الثانية، والفِعْلُ: علَّ القومُ إبِلَهُم يَعُلُّونها عَلاًّ وعَلَلاً. والإبلُ تَعُلُّ نفسها عَلَلاً، قال:

إذا ما نَديمي عَلَّي ثُمَّ علَّي ... ثلاث زُجاجات لهُنَّ هديرُ

والأمُّ تُعَلِّلُ الصَّبيَّ بالمرق والخُبْزِ ليجْتزيء به عن الَّلبن، قال لبيد:

إنّما يُعْطنُ من يرْجُو العَلَلُ

والعُلالُة بقيَّةُ اللَّبنِ، وبِقَّيُة كُلِّ شَيءٍ، حتى بَقْيَّة جرْي الفرس. قال الراجز:

أحْملُ أُمّي وهي الحمّالهْ ... تُرضِعُني الدِرَّه والعُلالهْ

أي بَقٍيَّةُ اللبن: والعِلَّة: المرض. وصاحبُها مُعْتَلٌ. والعِلَّةْ: حدثٌ يَشْغَلُ صاحبه عن وجهه. والعَلِيل: المريضُ. والعلُّ القُرادُ الضَّخْمُ، قال:

عَلٌّ طويل الطَّوى كبالية السَّفْع ... متى يلْق العُلُوَّ يَصْطعِدُهُ

. أي متى يلْق مُرْتقىً يرْقه (والعَلُّ: الرَّجُلُ الذي يزورُ النِّساء. والعَلُّ: التَّيْسُ الضَّخْمُ العظيمُ، قال:

وعلْهبا من التُّيُوس عَلاّ

وبَنو العَلاَّت: بنو أُمَّهَاتٍ شتّى لرجل واحد) قال القطامي:

كأنّ النّاس كُلُّهُمو لأمٍ ... ونحْنُ لِعَلَّةٍ عَلَتِ ارتفاعا والعُلْعُلُ: اسمُ الذَّكر، وهو رأْسُ الرَّهابة أيضاً، والعَلْعَالُ: الذَّكرُ من القنابر. ويقال: عَلَّ أخاك: أي لعلَّ أخاك، وهو حرْفٌ يُقِّربُ من قضاء الحاجة ويُطْمِعُ، وقال العجاج:

عَلَّ الاله الباعِثَ الأثقالا ... يُعْقِبني مِن جَنَّةٍ ظِلاَلا

ويقالُ: لعلَّني في معنى لعلِّي قال:

وأُشْرِف من فَوْقِ البطاح لعلَّني ... أرى نار ليْلي أو يراني بصيرها

لع: قال زائدةُ: جاءت الإبلُ تُلَعْلِعُ في كلأٍ خفيفٍ أي تَتْبعُ قليلةً. وتُلَعْلَعُ وتُلَهْلِهُ واحدٌ. واللُّعْلَعُ: السَّاب نفسه. واللَّعْلَعَةُ: بصيصه. والتَّلَعْلُعُ: التَّلأْلُؤُ. والتَّلَعْلُعُ: التَّكَسُّرُ، قال العجاج: .

ومن هَمَزْنا رأسَهُ تَلَعْلَعَا

واللُّعَاعُ: ثمرُ الحشيش الذي يُؤْكَلُ والكلب يَتَلَعْلَعُ إذا دَلَعَ لسانُه من العطش ورجُل لَعَّاعَة: يَتَكَّلفُ الألحان من غير صواب وامْرأةٌ لَعَّةٌ: عفيفةٌ مليحه. ولَعْلَعٌ: مَوضِع قال:

فَصَدّهُم عن لَعْلَعِ وبارِقِ ... ضَرْبٌ يشظيهم على الخنادق 
عل: علل المريض: ألهاه، سلاه، صرفه عن الشعور بالألم وجعله ينساه. ففي حيان (ص13 ق): وتابع في تعليل الخصيّ والطافه حتى أفاق من علته.
علل: خدع، استغوى. (بوشر).
علل نفسه ب: شغل نفسه وألهاها بالأماني (بوشر).
علل نفسه بالمحال: خادع نفسه ومناها الأماني الباطلة. (بوشر). وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 605): عللهم بالمواعيد الكاذبة أي خادعهم بالمواعيد الكاذبة.
وفيه (2: 217): علله بالقعُود عن نصره، أي خادع ابن الأحمر بأنه لا يساعد أبو تاشفين وفي المقري (1: 841).
علل بالمسك قلبي رشا أحور.
وقد ترجمه السيد فليشر إلى الألمانية بما معناه ظبي أحور يطيب قلبي بالمسك.
علل الحديث: قال إنه غير صحيح، ضد صحَّح. (المقري 1: 711).
علل: صفى، روَّق. (زيشر 11، 515).
علل: انظر عن المعنى الأخير في معجم لين (الماوردي ص44، 311، 312، أبو الوليد ص618).
أعله: أمرضه، ففي لطائف الثعالبي (ص24): عاده في علة اعلته.
نعلل. تعلل بالباطل: تلهى بالباطل (بوشر).
تعلل بعسى ولعل: خادع نفسه وتمنى الأماني الكاذبة. (بوشر).
تعلل: اعتذر، قدم المعاذير. (لين، عبد الواحد ص174).
تعلل: قدم المعاذير أو الحجج. (البيضاوي 2: 48). وفي تاريخ البربر 2: 217): تعلل بالمعاذير، أي اعتذر بعدة حجج منعته من. وفي حياة ابن خلدون (ص206 ق): تعلل عليه بالاستزادة من العطاء أي أبدى كثيراً من الحجج والمعاذير ليزيد في عطائه. تعلل على فلان: بحث عن حجج ضده. (بيان 1: 170).
تعلل على: تذرع بحجج. (بيان 1: 184).
انعل: اعتل، أصيب بعلة، مرض. (فوك). اعتل: مرض، أصيب بعلة. ويستعمل هذا الفعل مجازاً في الكلام عن قنطرة أو بناية أصبحت في حالة سيئة تنذر بخرابها. (معجم البلاذري، كرتاس ص46).
اعتل: أخطأ، أذنب، (المقري 2: 520).
اعتل له ب: احتج له بحجة ودافع عنه. (معجم مسلم).
علّ ولعلّ: أن كان، إذا كان، وهي تدل على الشك. (معجم البلاذري، معجم الطرائف).
علة: عيب، شائبة. نقص. (المقدمة 2: 396 رقم 1، 405).
ازاح علتّه: يظهر أن معناه أزاح حجته ومعاذيره وليس أزاح مرضه، لأن كلمة علة في هذه العبارة تعني الحجة والعذر ولا تعني المرض (لين في مادة زيح، ويظهر إنه متردد في هذا المعنى) كما يؤيد هذا الفعل اعتذر في عبارة المقريزي (1: 334): وإذا أزاح الله العلل ما اعتذر غاز ولا شكا، أي: إذا أزال الله الأعذار والحجج (ورفع الموانع) فلا يمكن أن يعتذر محارب ولا أن يشكو. فكلمة علة تعني الحجة والعذر لئلا يسير إلى الغزاة، وهذه الحجة أو العذر سببها عدم توفر ما يحتاج إليه الغازي من أسباب.
وجملة أزاح عللهم تستعمل. خاصة بمعنى: جهز الجنزد وزودهم بما يحتاجون إليه حين يرفضون السير إلى الحرب بحجة نقص ما يحتاجون إليه في الحرب. ففي أساس البلاغة (مادة زيح): أزحت علته فيما احتاج إليه. وفي الفخري (ص63): فتقدم نور الدين إلى صلاح الدين بالتوجه صحبه عمه صحبة عمه أسد الدين شيركوه فاستعفاه صلاح الدين من التوجه وقال ليس لي استعداد فتقدم نور الدين بإزاحة علكه (علله) وجزم عليه في التوجه. وفي منتخبات من تاريخ العرب (ص550 وص558): مركاتبك إليه حتى تزيح علته فهذه العبارة تعني إذا في الغالب زوده بما يحتاج اليه، كما أشار إلى ذلك السيد جويارد في مجلة النقد لسنة 1874 (10 أكتوبر ص228).
وينقل (ص4): ما يجب على الرجال من حسن معاشرة النساء وصيانتهن وإزاحة عللهن (وقد أسيء ترجمتها إلى اللاتينية بما معناه: إزالة ما يعرض لهن من الأمراض). (المقدمة 1: 303، تاريخ البربر 1: 459، 502، 511، 524، 557) وكثيراً ما يتردد هذا في تاريخ البربر، ابن خلدون طبعة نور تبرج ص20 (وتعليقة الناشر في ص132 ليست صحيحة كل الصحة) (قصة عنتر ص46) ويقال أيضاً هذا للأشياء فيقال مثلاً: أزاح علل الثغور أي جهز الثغور بما تحتاج إليه.
علة. علل العلم أو الفن قواعده وقوانينه، كما يقول كوزجارتن، وهو مصيب، قي تعليقاته على الأغاني (ص217)، وانظر الأغاني (ص2).
وفي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص104): وكان مع سهولة الشعر عليه وإكثاره منه قليل المعرفة بعلله لم يجد الخوض في علومه (ص221 منه) وفي المقري (1: 603): علل الوثائق وهي القواعد التي نلتزم في كتابتها. وفيه (1: 507): برع في الحديث وعلله ورجاله، وعلل الحديث: القواعد التي نلتزم في دراسته. وكذلك في (1: 521، 534، 595 منه). وكثير من الكتب تحمل هذا العنوان، فيقال مثلاً: علل النحو، وعلل القراءات وغير ذلك. انظرها حاجي خليفة (4: 245 - 246) حيث أخطأ فلوجل بترجمتها دائماً إلى اللاتينية بما معناه عيوب وإن كان هذا من معانيها أيضاً.
العلة: عند الفلاسفة، الدافع والسبب الثاني، أما العلة الأولى فهي السبب (المقدمة 2: 365، 366).
علة الخلق أو علة العلل: سبب الخلق، أو الخالق المبدع أو خلق المبدع أو خلق الكون وإبداعه. أو بالأحرى سبب الأسباب. وهو عند الدروز الهمزة. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 91، 261، 274).
عليل: عذب، لطيف، يقال: نسيم عليل إذا كان معتدل البرد لطيفاً. (هو جفلايت ص96، 98 رقم، 137).
عُلالة: قليل جداً، غير كافٍ (فوك).
علالة: هي في الأندلس نبات اسمه العلمي Polypodium Dryopteris وفي ابن البيطار (1: 420): وهو العلالة أيضاً عند بعض شجاربنا بالأندلس.
علاَّلة: قنينة، قارورة، زجاجة. (فوك، الكالا) وفي معجم الكالا ذكرت أولاً بلام واحدة من غير تشديد وجمعها بالألف والتاء، ثم ذكرت بلام مشددة وجمعها علائل.
مُعِّل. عند الدروز: معل علة العلل بمعنى السبب المؤثر في سبب الأسباب (يعني همزة) وهو الحاكم والإله الأسمى. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 91،97، 263، 274).
مُعَّلل: يقال عن إسناد أو نص حديث فيه خطأ خفي سببه خطأ الراوي (دي سلان المقدمة 2: 483).
مِعلال: كثير العلل والأمراض (فوك).
معلول: معمول، مفعول. والجمع معلولات (بدرون ص20).
الْعين وَاللَّام

العَلُّ والعَلَل: الشَّربة الثَّانِيَة. وَقيل: الشّرْب بعد الشّرْب تباعا، عَلَّ يَعُلُّ ويَعِلُّ عَلاّ وعَلَلاً. وَاسْتعْمل بعض الأغفال العَلَّ والنَّهَل فِي الدُّعَاء وَالصَّلَاة، فَقَالَ: ثمَّ انْثَنى من بعد ذَا فصَلَّى ... على النبيّ نَهَلاً وعَلاَّ

وعلَّت الْإِبِل، والآتي كآلاتي، والمصدر كالمصدر، وإبل عَلىَّ: عَوالُّ، حَكَاهُ ابْن الْأَعرَابِي، وَأنْشد لعاهان بن كَعْب:

تَبُكُّ الحَوْضَ عَلاَّها ونَهْلاً ... وخَلْف ذِيادِها عَطَنٌ مُنِيمُ

مُنيم: تسكن إِلَيْهِ فينيمها. وَرَوَاهُ ابْن جنى: " عَلاَّها ونَهْلَى " أَرَادَ: نهلاها، فَحذف، وَاكْتفى بِإِضَافَة عَلاَّها، عَن إِضَافَة نَهْلاها. وعَلَّها يَعُلُّها ويَعِلُّها عَلاّ وعَلَلاً، وأعَلَّها. وَقَوله:

قفى تُخبِّرينا أوْ تَعُلِّى تَحيةً ... لَنا أَو تُثيبي قبل إِحْدَى الصَّوافق

إِنَّمَا عَنى: أَو تَرُدي تَحِيَّة، كَأَن التحيَّة لما كَانَت مَرْدُودَة، أَو مرَادا بهَا أَن رد، صَارَت بِمَنْزِلَة المَعْلُولة من الْإِبِل.

واعتلَّه بالشَّيْء كعَلَّه، قَالَ طفيل:

وَرْدٌ أُمِرَّ على عُوجٍ مُلَمْلَمَةٍ ... كأنَّ خَيْشومَهُ يُعتلُّ بالذَّهَب

أَي يُطلى بِهِ مرّة بعد مرّة، تَشْبِيها بالعَلَل من الشَّرَاب. وَعرض على سوم عالَّة: بِمَعْنى قَول العامَّة: عرض سابري.

وأعلَّ الْقَوْم: عَلَّت إبلُهم. وَاسْتعْمل بعض الشُّعَرَاء العَلَّ فِي الْإِطْعَام، وعدَّاه إِلَى مفعولين، أنْشد ابْن الْأَعرَابِي:

فباتُوا ناعِمينَ بعَيْشِ صِدْقٍ ... يَعُلُّهُمُ السَّديفُ مَعَ المَحال

وَأرى أَنه إِنَّمَا سَوَّغه تعديته إِلَى مفعولين، أَن عَلَلت هُنَا فِي معنى أطعمت، فَكَمَا أَن أطعمت متعدية إِلَى مفعولين، كَذَلِك عَلَلْت هُنَا متعدية إِلَى مفعولين. وَقَوله:

وأنْ أُعَلَّ الرَّغْمَ عَلاًّ عَلاَّ

جعل الرغم بِمَنْزِلَة الشَّرَاب، وَإِن أَن الرَّغْم عَرَضا كَمَا قَالُوا: جَرَّعته الذلّ، عداهُ إِلَى مفعولين، وَقد يكون هَذَا بِحَذْف الْوَسِيط، كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ يعلهم بالسَّديف، وأُعَلّ بالرّغْم، فَلَمَّا حذف الْبَاء أوصلَ الْفِعْل.

والعَلَل من الطَّعَام: مَا أُكل مِنْهُ، عَن كرَاع. وَطَعَام قد عُلَّ مِنْهُ: أَي أُكل. وَقَوله، انشده أَبُو حنيفَة:

خليلَيّ هُبَّا عَلِّلانِيَ وانْظُرَا ... إِلَى البرْق مَا يَفْرِى السَّنا كيفََ يصنْعُ

فسره فَقَالَ: عَلِّلاني: حَدِّثاني، وَأَرَادَ: انظرا إِلَى الْبَرْق، وانظرا إِلَى مَا يفرى السَّنا، وفريه: عمله. وَكَذَلِكَ قَوْله:

خَليليّ هُبَّا عَلِّلانِيَ وانْظُرَا ... إِلَى البرْقِ مَا يَفرِى سَناً وتَبَسمُّا

وتعَلَّل بِالْأَمر، واعتلّ: تشاغل، قَالَ:

فاسْتَقْبَلتْ ليْلَة خِمْسٍ حَنَّانْ ... تعتلّ فِيهِ برَجيعِ العِيدَانْ

أَي إِنَّهَا تشاغل بالرجيع، الَّذِي هُوَ الجِرَّة، تُخرجها وتمضغها.

وعلَّله بِطَعَام وَحَدِيث وَنَحْوهمَا: شغله بهما، وعَلَّلتِ الْمَرْأَة صبيها بِشَيْء من المرق وَنَحْوه، ليجزأ بِهِ عَن البن، قَالَ جرير:

تُعَلِّل وهْيَ ساغبةٌ بَنِيها ... بأنفاسٍ من الشَّبِمِ القَرَاحِ

ويروي أَن جَرِيرًا لما أنْشد عبد الْملك بن مَرْوَان هَذَا الْبَيْت، قَالَ لَهُ: لَا أرْوَى الله عَيْمَتها.

والتَّعِلَّة، والعُلالة: مَا يُتعَلَّل بِهِ.

والعُلالة: مَا حلبت قبل الفِيقة الأولى، وَقبل أَن تَجْتَمِع الفِيقةُ الثَّانِيَة، عَن ابْن الْأَعرَابِي.

والعُلالة: بَقِيَّة اللَّبن وَغَيره، حَتَّى انهم ليقولون لبَقيَّة جرى الْفرس عُلالة، ولبقية السّير عُلالة. وَقيل: العُلالة: اللَّبن بعد حلب الدرة، تنزله النَّاقة، قَالَ:

أَحْمِلُ أُمِّي وهيَ الحَمَّالَهْ تُرْضِعُنِي الدِّرَّةَ والعُلالهْ

وَلَا يُجازَى والدٌ فِعالَهْ

وَقيل العُلالة: أَن تُحلب النَّاقة أول النَّهَار وَآخره ووسطه، فَتلك الْوُسْطَى هِيَ العُلالة، وَقد تدعى كُلهنَّ عُلالة، وَقد عالَّت النَّاقة، وَالِاسْم العِلالُ.

وتعَلَّلتُ بِالْمَرْأَةِ: لهوت بهَا.

والعَلُّ: الَّذِي يزور النِّسَاء، والعَلُّ: التيس الضخم الْعَظِيم، قَالَ:

وعَلْهَباً مِنَ التُّيُوسِ عَلاَّ

والعَلّ: القُراد الضخم. وَقيل هُوَ الصَّغِير الْجِسْم. وَرجل عَلّ: مسن نحيف، شبه بالقُراد، قَالَ المتنخل الْهُذلِيّ:

ليسَ بعَلٍّ كبيرٍ لَا شَبابَ بِهِ ... لَكِن أُثَيْلةُ صافي الْوَجْه مُقْتَبَلُ

أَي مستأنَف الشَّبَاب. وَقيل: العَلُّ: المسن الدَّقِيق الجرم من كل شَيْء. والعَلَّة: الضَّرَّة، وَبَنُو العَلاَّت: بَنو الأُمَّهات الشَّتَّى، قَالَ:

علَيها ابنُ عَلاَّتٍ إِذا اجتَسَّ منزلا ... طوَتْهُ نجومُ اللَّيل وهْيَ بلاقِعُ

إِنَّمَا عَنى بِابْن عَلاَّت: أَن أمهاته لسن بقرائب. وَجمع العَلَّة: علائل، قَالَ رؤبة:

دَوَّى بهَا لَا يَغْدِرُ العَلائِلا

والعِلَّة: الْمَرَض. عَلَّ يَعِلُّ واعْتَلّ، وأعلَّه الله، وَرجل عليل.

وحروف العِلَّة والاعتلال: الْألف، وَالْيَاء، وَالْوَاو، سميت بذلك لينها وموتها. وَاسْتعْمل أَبُو إِسْحَاق لَفْظَة المَعْلُول فِي المتقارب من العَروض، فَقَالَ: وَإِذا كَانَ بِنَاء المتقارب على " فَعُولُنْ " فَلَا بُد من أَن يبْقى فِيهِ سَبَب غير مَعْلُول. وَكَذَلِكَ اسْتَعْملهُ فِي الْمُضَارع، فَقَالَ: أخِّر الْمُضَارع فِي الدائرة الرَّابِعَة، لِأَنَّهُ وَإِن كَانَ فِي أَوله وتد، فَهُوَ مَعْلول الأول، وَلَيْسَ فِي أول الدائرة بَيت مَعْلول الأول. وَأرى هَذَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ على طرح الزَّائِد، كَأَنَّهُ جَاءَ على عُلَّ، وَإِن لم يُلفظ بِهِ، وَإِلَّا فَلَا وَجه لَهُ. والمتكلمون يستعملون لَفْظَة المَعْلول فِي هَذَا كثيرا.

وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ فلست مِنْهَا على ثِقَة وَلَا ثَلَج، لِأَن الْمَعْرُوف إِنَّمَا هُوَ أعَله الله، فَهُوَ مُعَلّ، اللَّهُمَّ إِلَّا أَن يكون على مَا ذهب إِلَيْهِ سِيبَوَيْهٍ، من قَوْلهم مَجْنُون ومسلول، من انه جَاءَ على جَنَنتُه وسَللْته، وَإِن لم يستعملا فِي الْكَلَام، اسْتغنى عَنْهُمَا بأفْعلْت، قَالَ: " وَذَا قَالُوا: جُنَّ وسُلَّ، فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُونَ: جُعل فِيهِ الْجُنُون والسِّلّ، كَمَا قَالُوا: حُزِنَ وفُسِل ".

والعِلَّة أَيْضا: الْحَدث يشغل صَاحبه عَن وَجهه، وَفِي الْمثل: " لَا تعدم خرقاء عِلَّة "، يُقَال هَذَا لكل مُتَعَذر وَهُوَ يقدر، وَقد اعتلَّ الرجل، وَهَذَا عِلَّة لهَذَا، أَي سَبَب. ومُعَلِّل: يَوْم من أَيَّام الْعَجُوز السَّبْعَة، الَّتِي تكون فِي آخر الشتَاء، وَهِي: صنٌّ، وصنبر، ووبر، ومُعَلِّلٌ، ومطفيء الْجَمْر، وآمرٌ، ومؤتمر. وَقيل: إِنَّمَا هُوَ مُحَلِّل. وَقد قَالَ فِيهِ بعض الشُّعَرَاء، فَقدم وَأخر لإِقَامَة لوزن:

كُسِع الشِّتاءُ بسَبعْةٍ غُبْرِ ... أيَّامِ شَهْلَتنا مِنَ الشَّهْرِ

فَإِذا مَضَتْ أيامُ شَهْلَتنا ... صِنّ وصِنَّبْرٌ مَعَ الوَبْرِ

وبآمِرٍ وأخيه مُؤْتَمرٍ ... ومَعَلِّلٍ وبمُطفِيء الجَمْرِ

ذَهَبَ الشِّتاءُ مُوَلِّيا هَرَبا ... وأتتكَ واقدةٌ مِنَ النَّجْرِ

النَّجْر: الحرُّ وعَلَّ: كلمة مَعْنَاهَا الطمع والإشفاق، قَالَ الشَّاعِر:

يَا أبتا عَلَّك أَو عَساكا

ولَعلَّ: كعَلَّ، لامها زَائِدَة عِنْد بعض النَّحْوِيين. واليَعْلُول: الغدير الْأَبْيَض المطرد. واليَعْلُول: الحبابة من المَاء. وَهُوَ أَيْضا السَّحَاب المطرد. وَقيل: الْقطعَة الْبَيْضَاء من السَّحَاب. واليعلول: الْمَطَر بعد الْمَطَر. وصبغ يَعْلُول: عُلّ مرّة بعد أُخْرَى. وتعَلَّلَت الْمَرْأَة من نفَاسهَا، وتعالَّت: خرجت مِنْهُ وطهرت، وَحل وَطْؤُهَا.

والعُلْعُل، والْعَلْعَل، الْفَتْح عَن كرَاع: اسْم الذّكر جَمِيعًا، وَهُوَ الَّذِي إِذا أنعط لم يشْتَد. والعُلْعُل: راس الرَّهابة من الْفرس، وَهُوَ الْعظم الدَّقِيق الَّذِي كَأَنَّهُ طرف لِسَان الْكَلْب. والعُلْعُل، والعَلْعال: الذّكر من القنابر. والعُلْعُول: الشَّرّ.

وتَعلَّة: اسْم رجل. قَالَ:

ألبانُ إبْلِ تَعِلةَ بنِ مُسافِرٍ ... مَا دَامَ يملكُها عليَّ حَرَامُ

عل

1 عَلَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb, K) and عَلِّ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. عَلَلٌ (Msb, K) and عَلٌّ, (K,) He gave him to drink the second time; (S, O, Msb, K;) and so ↓ اعلّهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. إِعْلَالٌ. (TA.) [See also 2 and 4.] b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) He dyed it a second time; namely, a hide: see a verse cited voce مُحْلِفٌ.] b3: Hence [also], (TA,) عَلَّ الضَّارِبُ المَضْرُوبَ (tropical:) The beater plied the beaten with a continued beating; (S, O, K, TA;) and so عَلَّهُ ضَرْبًا. (TA.) b4: And عَطَآءُ اللّٰهِ مُضَاعَفٌ يَعُلُّ بِهِ عِبَادَهُ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ أُخْرَى (assumed tropical:) [The gift of God is redoubled; He bestows it upon his servants one time after another]. (TA.) A2: And عَلَّ, (Msb, K,) or عَلَّ بِنَفْسِهِ, the verb being also intrans., (S, O,) aor. ـِ (IAar, Msb, K) and عَلُّ, (IAar, K,) inf. ns. as above, (TK,) He drank (IAar, * S, O, Msb, K) the second draught: (IAar, * S, O, K:) or drank after drinking, uninterruptedly: (K:) and عَلَّتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـِ and عَلُّ, The camels drank the second draught. (TA.) A3: And هٰذَا طَعَامٌ قَدٌ عُلَّ مِنْهُ This is food of which some has been eaten. (Kr, K. *) A4: عَلَّ, aor. ـِ (IAar, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَلٌّ, (TA,) He (a man, IAar, Msb) was, or became, diseased, sick, or ill; (IAar, Msb, K;) and (Msb, K) so ↓ اعتلّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. اِعْتِلَالٌ; (K;) and so عُلَّ, in the pass. form: A5: and the trans. verb is عَلَّهُ, [syn. with اعلّهُ,] aor. in this case عَلُ3َ. (Msb. See 4.) A6: [عُلَّ الشَّىْءُ is mentioned in the S, with the addition ↓ فَهُوَ مَعْلُولٌ, but without any explanation; perhaps as meaning The thing was caused; from عِلَّةٌ “ a cause,” of which مَعْلُولٌ (q. v.) is the correlative: but the context seems to indicate that it means the thing was used for the purpose of diverting from some want: Golius appears to have read عَلَّ, and to have been led by what next precedes it in the S to render it loco alterius rei fuit lactavitve res.]2 تَعْلِيلٌ signifies The giving to drink after giving to drink. (S.) See 4. [And see also 1, first sentence.] b2: And The plucking fruit one time after another. (S.) b3: And عللّٰهُ بِهِ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. as above (K) [and تَعِلَّةٌ, q. v.], He diverted, or occupied, him [so as to render him contented] with it; (S, O, K;) namely, a thing, (S, O,) or food, &c., (K, TA,) as, for instance, discourse, and the like; (TA;) like as the child is diverted, or occupied, with somewhat of food, by which he is rendered contented to be restrained from milk. (S, O, TA. *) One says, فُلَانٌ يُعَلِّلُ نَفْسَهُ بِتَعِلَّةٍ

[Such a one diverts, or occupies, himself, so as to render himself contented, with something diverting]. (S, O.) [See also مُعَلِّلٌ. And see 5.]

A2: Also The assigning a cause: and the asserting a cause. (KL.) [One says, عللّٰهُ بِكَذَا He accounted for it by assigning as the cause such a thing: and he asserted it to be caused by such a thing.]3 عَالَلْتُ النَّاقَةَ I milked the she-camel in the morning and the evening and the middle of the day: (Lh, O, TA:) in the K, erroneously, عَالَّتِ النَّاقَةُ [as meaning the she-camel was milked at those times]: (TA:) and the subst. is ↓ عِلَالٌ: (K: [but there is no reason why this should not be regarded as a reg. inf. n.:]) Lh cites this verse, (O,) of an Arab of the desert, (TA,) اَلْعَنْزُ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّى لَا أُكَرِّمُهَا عَنِ العِلَالِ وَلَا عَنْ قِدْرِ أَضْيَافِى

[The she-goat knows that I will not preserve her from the milking in the morning and the evening and the middle of the day nor from the cookingpot of my guests]: (O:) or, accord. to Az, عِلَالٌ signifies the milking after milking, before the udder requires it by the abundance of the milk. (TA.) [See also 6.]4 أَعْلَلْتُ الإِبِلَ I brought, or sent, back the camels from the water (S, O, K) after they had satisfied their thirst, (O,) or before they had satisfied their thirst: (S, K:) or, (S, O, K,) [if the latter is meant,] accord. to some of the etymologists, (S, O,) it is with غ; (S, O, K; [see 4 in art. غل;]) as though it were from the meaning of “ thirsting; ” but the former is what has been heard; (S, O;) and it means I gave the camels to drink the second draught, or watered them the second time, and then brought them, or sent them, back from the water, having their thirst satisfied; and thus, too, means الإِبِلَ ↓ عَلَّلَتُ; the contr. of أَغْلَلْنُهَا. (TA.) See also 1, first sentence. b2: And اعلّ القَوْمُ The people, or party, were, or became, persons whose camels had drunk the second time. (S, O, K. *) A2: اعلّهُ اللّٰهُ God caused him to be diseased, sick, or ill; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَلَّهُ, aor. ـُ (Msb.) One says, لَا أَعَلَّكَ اللّٰهُ, meaning May God not smite thee with a disease, a sickness, or an illness. (S, O.) b2: And اعلّهُ signifies also He made him, or pronounced him, to have an excuse (جَعَلَهُ ذَا عِلَّةٍ): whence إِعْلَالَاتُ الفُقَهَآءِ [The excusings of the lawyers]. (Msb.) 5 تعلّل بِهِ He diverted himself, (S,) or occupied himself so as to divert himself, (K,) and (S, in the K “ or ”) contented, or satisfied, himself, or he was, or became diverted, &c., with it; (S, K;) as also ↓ اعتلّ: (K:) as, for instance, with a portion of food, [so that the craving of his stomach became allayed,] before the [morning-meal called]

غَدَآء; (M voce سُلْفَةٌ, and K voce لُمْجَةٌ, &c.;) and as a beast does with the cud: (TA:) he occupied himself so as to divert himself, and fed [or sustained] himself, with it: (Har p. 23:) and he whiled away his time with it. (W p. 55.) and تعلّل بالْمَرْأَةِ He diverted himself with the woman. (K.) b2: And تعلّل signifies also He occupied himself vainly. (S and TA in art. جدب: see a verse cited voce جَادِبٌ.) b3: And He made an excuse. (KL. [See also 8.]) b4: And تَعَلَّلَتْ مِنْ نِفَاسِهَا, and ↓ تَعَالَّتْ, (K, TA,) as also تَعَالَتْ, without teshdeed, (TA, [see 5 in art. علو,]) She passed forth from her state of impurity consequent upon childbirth, (K, * TA,) and became lawful to her husband. (TA.) 6 هُوَ يَتَعَالُّ نَاقَتَهُ means He milks the عُلَالَة [q. v.] of his she-camel. (TA. [See also 3.]) And الصَّبِىُّ يَتَعَالُّ بِثَدْىِ أُمِّهِ [perhaps correctly ثَدْىَ أُمِّهِ, and app. meaning The child exhausts the عُلَالَة, or remains of milk, in the breast of his mother]. (TA.) b2: And تَعَالَلْتُ النَّاقَةَ (assumed tropical:) I elicited from the she-camel what power she had [remaining] of going on. (S, O.) b3: And تَعَالَلْتُ نَفْسِى signifies the same as تَلَوَّمْتُهَا [app. meaning I waited for myself to accomplish a want, or an object of desire, so that I might avoid blame: for تَلَوَّمَ as signifying اِنْتَظَرَ and تَنَظَّرَ is trans. as well as intrans.; and seems to be originally similar to تَأَثَّمَ and تَحَنَّثَ &c.]. (TA.) b4: See also 5, last sentence.8 اعتلّ: see 1, latter half. b2: [Hence, اعتلّت الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind became faint, or feeble.]

A2: See also 5, first sentence. b2: Also He excused himself; or adduced, or urged, an excuse, or a plea; (MA, K, * TA; *) or he laid hold upon a plea, or an allegation. (El-Fárábee, Msb.) You say, اعتلّ عَلَيْهِ بِعِلَّةٍ (S, MA, O) He adduced, or urged, an excuse, or a plea, or pretext, for it. (MA.) And hence, اِعْتِلَالَاتُ الفُقَهَآءِ [The pleas, or allegations, of the lawyers, which they adduce, or upon which they lay hold]. (Msb.) A3: اعتلّهُ He hindered, prevented, impeded, or withheld, him; turned him back or away; retarded him; or diverted him by occupying him otherwise; from an affair. (S, O.) b2: And (S, O, in the K “ or ”) He accused him of a crime, an offence, or an injurious action, that he had not committed. (S, O, K.) R. Q. 2 تَعَلْعَلَ He, or it, was, or became, unsteady, or shaky, and lax, or uncompact. (K.) عَلْ and لَعَلْ and عَلْكَ and لَعَلْكَ: see عَلَّ, below.

A2: عَلْ عَلْ (K, TA, in the O written as one word,) A cry by which one chides sheep or goats (Yaakoob, O, K) and camels. (O.) عَلُ: see art. علو.

عَلَّ and لَعَلَّ (S, O, Mughnee, K) are dial. vars.; or the former is the original, the ل being augmentative, (S, O, Mughnee,) prefixed for the purpose of corroboration: the meaning is expectation of a thing hoped for or feared; (S, O;) importing hope, or eager desire, and fear, or caution: (S, O, K:) each is a particle, like إِنَّ and لَيْتَ and كَأَنَّ and لٰكِنَّ: (S, O:) and like عَسَى [q. v.] in meaning; but like إِنَّ in government; (Mughnee;) governing the subject in the accus. case, and the predicate in the nom.: one says, عَلَّكَ تَفْعَلُ [Maybe, or perhaps, thou wilt do such a thing], and عَلِّى أَفْعَلُ [May-be I shall do], and لَعَلِّى أَفْعَلُ; and sometimes they said, عَلَّنِى and لَعَلَّنِى; (S, O;) and one says also ↓ عَلْ and ↓ لَعَلْ, with the ل quiescent, and ↓ عَلْكَ and ↓ لَعَلْكَ: (O:) [and accord. to general usage, one says, لَعَلَّ زَيْدًا قَائِمٌ May-be Zeyd is standing:] and the tribe of 'Okeyl made each to govern the subject in the gen. case, (S, O, Mughnee,) saying, لَعَلَّ زَيْدٍ قَائِمٌ; (S, O;) and allowed the pronouncing عَلِّ and لَعَلِّ: (Mughnee:) sometimes its subject is suppressed, as in عَلَّ أَنْ أَتَقَدَّمَ, meaning لَعَلَّنِى أَنْ

أَتَقَدَّمَ [May-be I shall precede]: (Ham p. 517:) the Koofees allow the mansoob aor. [immediately] after, on the authority of the reading of Hafs, [in the Kur xl. 38,] لَعَلِّى أَبْلُغَ الأَسْبَابَ [May-be I may reach the places of ascent, or the regions, or tracts, of the heavens]. (Mughnee.) Other dial. vars. of عَلّ are mentioned in art. لعل [q. v.]. (K.) عَلٌّ: see عَلَلٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [in the CK erroneously with damm to the ع in all the senses here following that are expl. in the K] An emaciated tick: (S, O:) or a big-bodied tick: or a small-bodied one: (K, TA:) pl. عِلَالٌ. (TA.) b2: And A man advanced in age, (S, O, K,) small in body, (S, O,) or slender, or spare; (K;) as being likened to the tick. (S, O.) And anything slender (دَقِيق, for رَقِيق in the K is a mistranscription, TA) in body, advanced in age. (M, K, * TA.) And A man whose skin is contracted by disease. (IDrd, O, K.) b3: Also One in whom is no good: Esh-Shenfarà says, وَلَسْتُ بِعَلٍّ [And I am not one in whom is no good: but the context seems rather to require one of the other meanings mentioned above: and another reading (بِفِلٍّ) is mentioned by De Sacy, in his Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., ii. 359]. (O, TA.) b4: Also A man who visits women much, or often, (K, TA,) and diverts himself with them. (TA.) b5: And A big-bodied, large he-goat. (K.) عُلٌّ and عِلٌّ: see عُلْعُلٌ.

عَلَّةٌ A [single] second draught. (Mgh.) b2: and hence, (Mgh,) A woman's fellow-wife; her husband's wife: (Mgh, Msb, * K:) or, as some say, a step-mother: but the former is the more correct meaning: (Mgh:) pl. عَلَّاتٌ. (Msb.) Whence, بَنُو العَلَّاتِ The sons of one father by different mothers: as though, when he added by marriage a second wife to the first, he took a second draught. (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb, * K. *) أَوْلَادُ الأَخْيَافِ means the contr. of this: and أَوْلَادُ الأَعْيَانِ, the sons of the same father and mother. (Msb.) Accord. to IB, one says, هُمَا أَخَوَانِ مِنْ ضَرَّتَيْنِ [They two are brothers from two fellow-wives]; but they did not say, مِنْ ضَرَّةٍ: and accord. to ISh, one says, هُمْ بَنُو عَلَّةٍ and أَوْلَادُ عَلَّةٍ. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., الأَنْبِيَآءُ بَنُو عَلَّاتِ, (Mgh,) or أَوْلَادُ عَلَّاتٍ, (TA,) meaning The prophets are of different mothers, but of one religion: (T, Mgh, TA:) or of one faith, but of different religious laws or ordinances. (Nh, TA.) A2: See also عُلَالَةٌ.

عِلَّةٌ An accident that befalls an object and causes its state, or condition, to become altered. (TA.) b2: And hence, (TA,) A disease, sickness, or malady; (S, O, K, TA;) because, by its befalling, the state becomes altered from strength to weakness; so says El-Munáwee in the “ Tow-keef: ” (TA:) or a disease that diverts [from the ordinary occupations; app. regarded as being from what next follows]: pl. عِلَلٌ (Msb) [and عِلَّاتٌ]. b3: Also An accident, or event, that diverts the person to whom it occurs from his course, (S, O, K,) or from the object of his want: (M:) as though it became a second occupation hindering him from his former occupation. (S, O.) b4: and [hence,] an excuse; an apology; a plea whereby one excuses himself. (TA.) Hence, (K, * TA,) لَاتَعْدَمُ خَرْقَآءُ عِلَّةً [expl. in art. خرق]. (K, TA.) [See also another ex. in art. سأل, conj. 3.] b5: And A cause: [and particularly an efficient cause:] (M, K:) one says, هٰذَا عِلَّةٌ لِهٰذَا This is a cause of this: (M:) and هٰذِهِ عِلَّتُهُ This is its cause: (K:) [and ↓ عِلَّةٌ وَمَعْلُولٌ Cause and effect; a phrase of frequent occurrence in theological and other works:] and [sometimes عِلَّةٌ signifies a pretext, or pretence:] it is said in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, فَكَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمٰنِ يَضْرِبُ رِجْلِى

بِعِلَّةِ الرَّاحِلَةِ, meaning And 'Abd-Er-Rahmán was beating my leg with the pretence, or pretext, of his beating the side of the camel with his leg. (TA.) b6: The phrase عَلَى عِلَّاتِهِ means In every case. (S, O, K.) Zubeyr says, إِنَّ البَخِيلَ مَلُومٌ حَيْثُ كَانَ وَاٰ كِنَّ الجَوَادَ عَلَى عِلَّاتِهِ هَرِمُ [Verily the niggard is blamed wherever he be; but the liberal in all his circumstances is Herim]: (S, O:) meaning his companion Herim Ibn-Sinán El-Murree. (S in art. هرم.) عَلَلٌ and ↓ عَلٌّ [both mentioned in the first paragraph as inf. ns.] The second draught: or a drinking after drinking, uninterruptedly: (K:) or the former signifies a second drinking; one says عَلَلٌ بَعْدَ نَهَلٍ [a second drinking after a first drinking]: (S, O:) or a drinking after drinking: (Msb:) and the second watering of camels; the first being termed the نَهَل: (As, TA:) these two terms are also similarly used in relation to suckling: and one of the unknown poets says, ثُمَّ انْثَنَى مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَا فَصَلَّى

↓ عَلَى النَّبِىِّ نَهَلًا وَعَلَّا [Then he turned, or turned away or back, after that, and blessed the Prophet a first time and a second time]. (TA.) b2: Also, the former, Food that has been eaten. (Kr, TA.) [See also نَهَلٌ.]

عُلُلٌ: see عُلْعُلٌ.

عِلَالٌ: see 3; of which it is said in the K to be the subst., though app. the inf. n. عَلُولٌ Some light food with which the sick person is diverted or occupied [so as to be rendered contented]: pl. عُلُلٌ. (TA.) عَلِيلٌ Diseased, sick, or ill; (S, Msb;) and so with ة applied to a woman: (Mgh:) or, the former, rendered diseased &c. by God; [being used as the pass. part. n. of أَعَلَّهُ in the phrase اعلّهُ اللّٰهُ;] (K;) as also ↓ مُعَلٌّ, (Msb, K,) agreeably with rule, but this is seldom used; (Msb;) and ↓ مَعْلُولٌ, from عَلَّهُ اللّٰهُ; (Msb;) or this last should not be said, for, though the theologians say it, it is not of established authority. (K, * TA.) A2: عَلِيلَةٌ also signifies A woman perfumed repeatedly: (AA, O, K, TA:) and accord. to AA, ↓ مُعَلَّلٌ, as used in a verse of Imra-el-Keys, signifies perfumed time after time. (O.) [See also مُعَلِّلٌ.]

عُلَالَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ تَعِلَّةٌ (S, * K) and ↓ عَلَّةٌ, (K, TA,) with fet-h, (TA, [in the CK العِلَّةُ is put for العَلَّةُ,]) A thing with which a person, (S, K,) or a child, (TA,) is diverted, or occupied so as to be diverted, and contented, or satisfied, (S, K, TA,) such as talk, and singing, and food, &c., (Har p. 308,) [or such as a small quantity of food by which the craving of his stomach is allayed,] in order that he may be quiet. (TA.) It is said in a trad., accord. to different relations thereof, that dates are the ↓ تَعِلَّة of the child or of the guest. (TA.) b2: Also, the first, accord. to the copies of the K, What is drawn from the udder after the first فِيقَة: but accord. to IAar, what is drawn from the udder before the first فِيقَة [or milk that collects in the udder between two milkings], and before the second فيقة collects: also termed عُرَاكَةٌ and دُلَاكَةٌ: (TA:) [or] the milking that is between two milkings: (S, O:) [or] it signifies also the middle milking of the camel that is milked in the first part and the middle and the last part of the day: (K:) or, as some say, the milk that she excerns [into her udder] after the milking of the copious flow thereof. (TA.) b3: And A remaining portion of milk (S, O, K, TA) in the udder: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) of other things: [ for instance,] (tropical:) of the course [of a beast]: (K:) (tropical:) of the running of a horse; (S, O, TA;) the former portion whereof is termed بُدَاهَةٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) of anything: (S, K:) as (tropical:) of the flesh of a sheep or goat: and (tropical:) of the strength of an old man. (TA.) عُِلِّىٌّ: see the next paragraph, in three places.

عِلِّيَّةٌ (S, O, K) and عُلِّيَّةٌ (O, K) An upper chamber; syn. غُرْفَةٌ: pl. عَلَالِىُّ. (S, O, K.) [It is mentioned also in art. علو, q. v.] b2: هُوَ مِنْ عِلِّيَّةِ قَوْمِهِ and عُلِّيَّتِهِمْ, [both mistranscribed in the CK,] and عِلْيَتِهِمْ, without teshdeed, [which belongs to art. علو,] and ↓ عِلِّيِّهِمْ and ↓ عُلِّيِّهِمْ, [which are also mistranscribed in the CK,] mean (assumed tropical:) He is of the exalted, or elevated, of his people. (K, TA.) b3: ↓ عِلِّيُّونَ mentioned in the Kur [lxxxiii. 18 and 19] is [said to be] a pl. of which the sing. is ↓ عِلِّىٌّ, or عِلِّيَّةٌ or عُلِّيَّةٌ, or a pl. having no sing., (K, TA,) [or rather it is from the Hebr.

עֶלְיוֹן

signifying “ high,” or “ higher,”] and is said to be A place in the Seventh Heaven, to which ascend the souls of the believers: or the most elevated of the Paradises; like as سِجِّين is the most elevated of the places of the fires [of Hell]: or rather it is properly a name of the inhabitants thereof; for this [sort of] pl. is peculiar to rational beings: (TA:) it is mentioned again in art. علو [in which see other explanations]. (K, TA.) عَلَّانٌ Ignorant: (O, K:) so in the saying, أَنَا عَلَّانٌ بِأَرْضِ كَذَا وَكَذَا [I am ignorant of such and such a land]: (O:) and so, with ة, applied to a woman: (O, K:) mentioned by Aboo-Sa'eed, as being well known: but said by Az to be unknown to him. (O.) هُوَ فُلَانُ بْنُ عِلَّانٍ means He is a person unknown. (TA.) عِلِّيُّونَ: see عِلِّيَّةٌ.

عُلْعُلٌ (S, O, K) and عَلْعَلٌ (Kr, IF, O, K) The رَهَابَة [or ensiform cartilage, or lower extremity of the sternum], which is the portion of the bone that impends over the belly, resembling a tongue: (S, O, K:) or the head of the رَهَابَة of the horse: or the extremity of the rib that impends over the رَهَابَة, which is the extremity of the stomach: pl. علل [so in my original, perhaps ↓ عُلُلٌ,] and ↓ عُلٌّ and ↓ عِلٌّ [all of which are anomalous]. (TA.) b2: And The male of the قَنَابِر, (S, O,) the male قُنْبُر [or lark]; as also ↓ عَلْعَالٌ. (K.) In some one or more of the copies of the S, الذَّكَرُ مِنَ القَنَافِذِ is erroneously put for الذكر من القَنَابِرِ. (TA.) b3: And The membrum virile, (S, O,) or the penis, (K,) or the جُرْدَان, (IKh, TA,) when in a state of distention: (IKh, TA, and so in a copy of the S:) or such as, when in a state of distention, does not become hard, or strong. (K.) عَلْعَلَانٌ A species of large trees, (O, K,) the leaves of which are like those of the قُرْم. (O.) عَلْعَالٌ: see عُلْعُلٌ, second sentence.

عُلْعُولٌ Continual evil or mischief; and commotion, or tumult; and fight, or conflict. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَفِى عُلْعُولِ شَرٍّ and زُلْزُولِ شَرٍّ, meaning Verily he is in a state of fighting, or conflict, and commotion, or tumult. (Fr, O.) [See also زُلْزُولٌ.]

عَالَّةٌ and [its pls.] عَوَالُّ and عَلَّى epithets applied to camels [as meaning Taking, or having taken, a second draught; and so the first applied to a single she-camel]. (TA.) It is said in a prov., عَرَضَ عَلَىَّ سَوْمَ عَالَّةٍ [He offered to me in the manner of offering water to those (camels) taking, or having taken, a second draught]; (S, O, K, TA; in the CK, عُرِضَ and سَوْمُ;) applied to one who offers food to him who does not need it; like the saying of the vulgar, عَرْضَ سَابِرِىٍّ; (TA;) i. e., without energy; for one does not offer drink to the عالّة with energy, as one does to the نَاهِلَة [or those taking, or having taken, the first draught]. (S, O, K, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 84.]) تَعِلَّةٌ an inf. n. of 2 [q. v.]. (Ham p. 91.) b2: See also عُلَالَةٌ, in two places.

مُعَلٌّ: see عَلِيلٌ.

مُعَلَّلٌّ: see عَلِيلٌ. [And see also the paragraph here following.]

مُعَلِّلٌ Giving to drink time after time. (K.) b2: And [hence,] That diverts with the saliva him who sucks it in [when kissing]; thus in a verse of Imra-el-Keys, accord. to one relation thereof; (O, and Har p. 566;) as expl. by Az; and thus, with ة, applied to a female: (Har:) but accord. to IAar, that aids with kindness after kindness (بِالْبِرِّ بَعْدَ البِرِّ [in Har على البرء بعد البرء]): another reading of the word in that verse, المُعَلَّل, has been expl. above, voce عَلِيلٌ, on the authority of AA. (O.) b3: Also Plucking fruit time after time. (K.) b4: And One who repels the collector of the [tax called] خَرَاج with excuses. (IAar, M, O, K.) b5: Also, (TA,) or المُعَلِّلُ, (S, O, K,) One of the days called أَيَّامُ العَجُوزِ; [respecting which see art. عجز;] (S, O, K, TA;) because it diverts men by somewhat of an alleviation of the cold: (S, O, TA:) or, accord. to some, it is called مُحَلِّلْ. (TA.) مَعْلُولٌ: see عَلِيلٌ: A2: and see عِلَّةٌ: and also 1, last sentence.

يَعْلُولٌ A pool of water left by a torrent, white, and flowing in a regular, or continuous, course, one portion following another: (As, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to Suh, in the R, [simply] a pool of water left by a torrent; so called because it waters the ground a second time (يَعُلُّ الأَرْضَ بِمَائِهِ [after its having been watered by the rain]): pl. يَعَالِيلُ. (TA.) b2: And A dye (صِبْغ) that is imbided (عُلَّ) one time after another: (O, K:) or, accord. to 'Abd-El-Lateef El-Baghdádee, a garment, or piece of cloth, dyed, and dyed again. (TA.) b3: Accord. to AA, [app. as applied to camels,] يَعَالِيلُ signifies That have drunk one time after another; and has no sing.: but it is said on other authority to signify that go away at random to pasture (اَلَّتِى تَهْمِى) one time after another; and to have for its sing. يَعْلُولٌ: and some say that it signifies such as are excessive in respect of whiteness. (TA.) b4: Also, the sing., Rain after rain: (AO, O, K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b5: And the pl., (S, M, O, TA,) [accord. to the context in the K the sing., which is clearly wrong,] Bubbles (حَبَاب, M, K, TA, [in the CK حُباب,] and نُفَّاخَات, S, O, K, [both, I think, evidently meaning thus,]) upon water; (S, M, O, K;) said to be from the falling of rain; and to be used in a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr for ذَاتُ يَعَالِيلَ as meaning having bubbles: (TA:) sing. as above. (O.) b6: And Clouds disposed one above another; (S, O;) sing. as above: (S:) or [simply] clouds; so in the R; to which ISd adds containing rain: (TA:) or white clouds; (K, TA; a meaning assigned in the K to the sing.;) but this is said by Niftaweyh in explanation of the phrase بِيضٌ يَعَالِيلُ in a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr to which reference has been made above: (TA:) or [the sing. signifies] a white portion of clouds. (M, K.) b7: The pl. is also said to signify Lofty mountains; and Suh adds, from the upper parts of which water descends. (TA.) A2: Also, the sing., A camel having two humps. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And A camel such as is termed أَفِيل [q. v.]. (O.)

طف

Entries on طف in 4 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, and 1 more
طف
الطَّفِيفُ: الشيءُ النَّزْرُ، ومنه: الطَّفَافَةُ: لما لا يعتدّ به، وطَفَّفَ الكيلَ: قلّل نصيب المكيل له في إيفائه واستيفائه. قال تعالى: وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ
[المطففين/ 1] .
باب الطاء والفاء ط ف مستعمل فقط

طف: الطَّف: طَفُّ الفرات، وهو الشاطىء. والطَّفافُ: ما فوقَ المِكيال. والتَّطْفيفُ: أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ أعلاه فلا يُتَمَّ كَيْلُهُ، فهو طَفّان، والتَّجميمُ والتَّطفيفُ واحد، وإناء طفّان. وأَطَفَّ فلانٌ لفلانٍ، أي: طَبَنَ له وأَراد خَتْله. واسْتَطَفَّ لنا شيءٌ، أي: بدا لنا حدُّه. والطَّفِيفُ: الشّيء الخَسِيسُ الدُّون. والطَّفطَفَةُ: معروفة [وجمعُها: طَفاطفُ] . وبعض العرب يُسَمِّي كلَّ لحمٍ مُضطرب طَفْطَفة، قال: وتارةً يَنتَهِسُ الطَّفاطِفا

وقال ابو ذؤيب:

قليلٌ لَحْمُها إلاّ بقايا ... طَفاطِفِ لَحْمِ ممحوصٍ مَشِيقِ

ويُرْوَى: منحوص.
طف
طَفُ الفُرَاتِ: الشاطِئ، وجَمْعُه طُفُوْفٌ، وإبِلٌ طَفَيَّةٌ: تَأكُلُ ذلك. والمَكَانُ المُرْتفِعُ، وجَمْعُه طِفَافٌ. والطُفَافُ والطَفَافُ والطُّفَافَةُ: ما فَوْقَ المِكْيَالِ. والتَّطْفِيْفُ: أنْ يُؤْخَذَ أعلاه ولا يُتَم كَيْلُه؛ فهو طَفانٌ. وإنَاءٌ طَفانُ: قَرِيْبٌ من المَلْءِ، والاسْمُ: الطَّفُّ. وطَفَّفَ به الفَرَسُ مَكانَ كذا: أي قَربَه منه وحاذاه به. وطَفَفَ الطائرُ: بَسَطَ جَنَاحَيْه. وأطَفَتِ الناقَةُ: ألْقَتْ وَلَدَها لغَيْرِ تَمامٍ. وأطَف للأمْرِ: طَبِنَ له وأرادَ خَتْلَه. واسْتَطَف له شَيْءٌ: إذا بَدَا لِيَأخُذَه. واسْتَطَف سَنَامُ البَعِيْرِ: طَالَ.
و" خُذْ منه ما طَفَ لك " و " اسْتَطَف " و " أطَفَّ ": أي ما بَدا لك ودَنَا. وأطَف عليه كذا: أطَلَّ عليه. وأطَف عليه بحَجَرٍ: تَنَاوَلَه به. واسْتَطَفَّ له مِثْلُه: أهوى إليه به. وطَفَفْتُ الشيْءَ بيَدي أطُفُّه طَفّاً: أي رَفَعْته. وطَفَه: مَنَعَه وضَيق عليه. وهوفي شَد يَدِ البَعِيرِأيضاً. والطَفِيْفُ: الشَّيْءُ الخَسِيْسُ الدُّوْنُ. وطَفً الرجُلُ يَطِفُّ طَفَافَة: أي خَفَّ، فهو طَفِيْفٌ. والطُفانُ: السَّرِيْعُ. والتَطْفِيْفُ: الوَثْبُ. والطَّفْطَفَةُ: مَعْرُوْفَة. وكُل لَحْمٍ مُضْطَرِب: طَفْطَفَةٌ، وُيكْسَرُالطاءُ أيضاً. والطَّفْطَافُ: وَرَقُ الغُصُونِ. والرطْبُ الناعِمُ من الشَّجَرِ. وطَفْطَافُ البَحْرِ: شَطُّه. والظفَافُ: سَوَادُ الظلْمَةِ. وتَطْفِيْفُ الشَّمْسِ: كالتطْفِيْل. والطافةُ: ما بَيْنَ الجِبَالِ والقِيْعَانِ. وطافةُ البُسْتَانِ: ما حَوَالَيْه، وُيجْمَعُ طَوَاف.

طف

1 طَفَّ, (As, O, K,) [aor., app., طَفِّ,] inf. n. طَفٌّ, (TK, [or, accord. to Freytag طُفُوفٌ, which see in what follows,]) It (a thing) was, or became, near. (As, O, K.) You say, أَخَذْتُ مِنْ مَتَاعِى مَا خَفَّ وَطَفَّ i. e. [I took, of my goods,] what [was light, and] was near to me. (As, O.) And طَفَّ الشَّىْءُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ The thing was, or became, near to the thing. (O, K. *) And خُذْ مَا طَفَّ لَكَ, and لَكَ ↓ اسْتَطَفَّ, (S, Meyd, O, K,) and لَكَ ↓ أَطَفَّ, (Meyd, O, TA,) Take thou what has risen to thee, and become within thy power or reach, (S, O, K, TA,) and become attainable [to thee], or prepared [for thee], (Az, Meyd, TA,) and become near to thee: (K, TA:) or what has risen to view, and has appeared, [to thee,] to be taken: (TA:) [for] طَفَّ, inf. n. طُفُوفٌ, signifies it rose [app. so as to become visible]: and it was, or became, little in quantity: the saying is a prov., relating to a man's being content with a part of that which he wants: (Meyd:) and in like manner one says, خُذْ مَا دَفَّ لَكَ, and اسْتَدَفَّ: (Az, Meyd, TA:) and Ks mentions, in relation to a man's being content with a part of that which he wants, the saying, خُذْ مَا طَفَّ لَكَ وَدَعْ لَكَ ↓ مَا اسْتَطَفَّ [app. meaning, if the saying be correctly thus related, Take what is within thy power, or reach, and leave what has risen to thy view so as to invite approach]; i. e. be content with what is within thy power. (TA.) b2: طَفَّتِ الشَّمْسُ: b3: and طَفَّ said of a bird: see 2. b4: مَرَّيَطفُّ [app. يَطِفٌّ] He passed by hastening, or going quickly. (O.) A2: طَفَّ النَّاقَةَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (O, TA,) inf. n. طَفٌّ, (TA,) He (a man, O) bound the legs of the she-camel, (O, K,) all of them. (O.) b2: طَفَّهُ He (a man, O) raised it (i. e. a thing, O) with his leg or foot, or with his arm or hand. (O, K.) And طَفَّ بِفُلَانٍ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا He raised such a one to such a place; and made him to be on a level with it. (TA.) b3: and طَفَّ الحَائِطَ, inf. n. طَفٌّ, He mounted upon the wall. (TA.) 2 طفّف He made defective, or deficient. (TA.) You say, طفّف, (K,) or طفّف المِكْيَالَ, and المِيزَانَ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَطْفِيفٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He gave short measure, and short weight; (Msb;) he made the contents of the measure to be defective, (S, O, Msb, K,) and in like manner, of the balance; (Msb;) not filling the former to its uppermost parts: (S, TA:) i. e. he did thus, cheating his companion in measure or in weight. (TA.) [Hence,] طفّف عَلَى عِيَالِهِ (tropical:) He scanted his household, stinted them, or was niggardly or parsimonious towards them, in expenditure. (TA.) And طفّف عَلَى الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) He gave to the man less than he had taken from him. (TA.) and طفّف الإِنَآءَ He took what was upon [or above] the vessel [i. e. its طُفَاف, or طُفَافَة]. (TA. [See also 4, last sentence.]) b2: Also He made full, or complete. (TA.) [Thus it has two contr. significations.]

A2: طفّفت الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun drew near to setting: (TA:) [but this may be a mistranscription for ↓ طَفَّت, mentioned by Golius in this sense on the authority of Z: or each may be correct: that the latter is correct, and that ↓ طَفَافٌ or ↓ طِفَافٌ is its inf. n., seems to be indicated by the fact that SM adds immediately after the explanation of the former phrase,] أَتَانَا عِنْدَ طفافِ الشَّمْسِ means (tropical:) [He came to us] at the sun's drawing near to setting. (TA.) b2: طفّف, said of a bird, [or ↓ طَفَّ, mentioned by Freytag from Hamaker's Specim. catal. p. 49, 1. 4, of the Arabic text, or both may be correct,] The bird expanded his wings: (O, K:) so says Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) b3: And طفّف بِهِ الفَرَسُ (tropical:) The horse leaped with him. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. [Golius has omitted this; and has assigned to طفّف, followed by ب with the person who is the object, as on the authority of the S and K, the signification of ادنا (properly أَدْنَى), meaning “ prope admovit,” a signification belonging to أَطَفَّ, but not assigned to either of these verbs in the S nor in the K.]) طَفَّفَ بِىَ الفَرَسُ مَسْجِدَ بَنِى

زُرَيْقٍ, in a saying of Ibn-'Omar respecting a horse-race, means (tropical:) The horse leaped with me (S, O, TA) so that he passed beyond the mosque of the Sons of Zureyk. (O, TA.) 4 خُذْ مَاأَطَفَّ لَكَ: see 1. b2: And اطفّ لَهُ He had knowledge of it, i. e. an affair; (Lth, O, K;) and of him, i. e. a person. (O.) b3: and He desired to deceive him: (O, K:) or he had knowledge of him, and desired to deceive him. (O.) b4: And اطفّ عَلَيْهِ i. q. أَشْرَفَ (O, K) i. e. أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He looked upon it, looked upon it from above, looked down upon it, got a view of it, saw it, or got knowledge of it]; namely, a thing; as also أَطَلَّ عَلَيْهِ. (O.) b5: And, (Az, O, K, TA,) as also أَطَلَّ عَلَيْهِ, (Az, TA,) He got possession of it, (Az, O, K, TA,) and took it away, or went away with it; (Az, O, TA;) namely, the property of another person. (Az, TA.) b6: اطفّ عَلَيْهِ بِحَجَرٍ He reached, or hit, him, or it, (تَنَاوَلَهُ,) with a stone. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b7: اطفّت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel cast, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or brought forth, (K,) her young one in an imperfect state. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) A2: اطفّه He put it, or brought it, near: 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd says, [using the verb in this sense,] أَطَفَّ لِأَنْفِهِ المُوسَى قَصِيرٌ [Kaseer put the razor near to his nose]: (Ham p. 436:) or this means Kaseer put the razor near to his nose and cut it off. (TA.) b2: And i. q. مَكَّنَهُ. (TA.) [You say, مَكَّنَهُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, and app., in like manner, اطفّهُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, i. e. He made him to have power over the thing; or to have the thing within his power or reach; and so, perhaps, اطفّهُ لِلشَّىْءَ.] b3: And اطفّ لَهُ السَّيْفَ He held forth the sword towards him, and struck him with it. (TA.) b4: And اطفّ الكَيْلَ He made the contents of the measure to reach to its uppermost parts: (S, K:) or, as some say, he took what was upon [or above] the measure. (TA. [See also طَفَّفَ الإِنَآءَ.]) 10 استطفّ, said of a camel's hump, It rose, or became high. (TA.) b2: And استطفّت حَاجَتُهُ The thing that he wanted became prepared, and easy of attainment. (TA.) See also 1, in two places. R. Q. 1 طَفْطَفَ He (a man, TA) became lax [or weak] (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) in the hands of his adversary (Ibn-'Abbád, O) or in the hand of his adversary. (K.) طَفٌّ The side (O, K) of a thing: (O:) [like دَفٌّ:] and the bank, or shore, (O, K,) of a great river or a sea; (O;) as also ↓ طَفْطَافٌ: (O, K:) accord. to Lth, of the Euphrates: (O:) or, as some say, the elevated part of the side of the Euphrates. (TA.) And الطَّفُّ is applied to The part of the land of the Arabs that overlooks the cultivated region of El-'Irák: (IDrd, O, K:) said by As to be so called because it is near to the cultivated region: (O:) or it is a place in the district of El-Koofeh. (S, O, K. *) b2: and The exterior court or yard of a house. (TA.) b3: See also طَفَاف, in two places.

A2: And see طَفَّافٌ.

طَفَفٌ: see طَفَاف.

طَفَفَةٌ: see طُفَافَةٌ.

طَفَافُ المَكُّوكِ (S, O, Msb, * K) and الإِنَآءِ, (K,) and ↓ طِفَافُهُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طَفُّهُ, and ↓ طَفَفَهُ, (S, Mgh, * O, K,) The quantity sufficing for the filling (S, O, Msb, K) of the [measure called] مكّوك (S, O, K) and of the vessel (K) to its uppermost parts: (S, O, Msb, K:) or what remains in it after the wiping off of the head thereof: (M, K: [the measure being generally in the form of a truncated cone, much smaller at the top than at the base, the quantity rising above the top is not much:]) or the جِمَام or جَمَام or جُمَام (accord. to different copies of the K [generally meaning the quantity that rises above the top after the filling]) thereof: or the quantity sufficing for the filling thereof: (K:) or the quantity nearly sufficing for the filling thereof: (TA: [and the like explanation is given of the third word in the S &c., as will be shown by what follows:]) or the quantity that falls short of the filling thereof. (Mgh. [See also طُفَافَةٌ.]) It is said in a trad. (S, Mgh, O) of the Prophet, (Mgh, O,) كُلُّكُمْ بَنُو آدَمَ الصَّاعِ ↓ طَفَّ, (S, O,) or طَفُّ الصَّاعِ, (so in my copy of the Mgh,) All of you, sons of Adam, are like the quantity nearly sufficing for the filling of the صاع; (S, * Mgh, O;) i. e. ye are all nearly alike; so says Az: (Mgh:) meaning, all of you, in being related to one father, are in one predicament in respect of defectiveness, like the thing measured that falls short of filling the measure: (IAth, Mgh, O:) the Prophet then proceeded to inform them that there is no excellence of one above another except by piety. (O.) A2: طَفَافٌ signifies also The blackness of night; (O, K;) and so ↓ طِفَافٌ. (K.) b2: See also 2.

طُفَافٌ: see طُفَافَةٌ, in two places.

طِفَافٌ: see طَفَاف, in two places: b2: and see 2.

طَفِيفٌ Little in quantity: (S, O, Msb, K:) and incomplete: (IDrd, O, K:) applied to a thing in this sense, (IDrd, O,) and in the former sense. (TA.) [See تِفْلٌ.] b2: Also Low, base, vile, mean, paltry, or contemptible. (TA.) طُفَافَةٌ The quantity that is above the measure; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ طُفَافٌ (S) or ↓ طَفَفَةٌ: (O, K:) or the quantity that falls short of filling the vessel, (IDrd, O, K,) of beverage or wine, &c. (IDrd, O. [See also طَفَاف.]) And Somewhat, little in quantity, remaining in a vessel. (TA.) b2: And طُفَافَةُ الإِنَآءِ and ↓ طُفَافُهُ The uppermost part of the vessel. (K.) طَفَّافٌ (O, K) and ↓ طَفٌّ (K) and خَفٌّ and دَفٌّ, as epithets applied to a horse, are alike (O, K) in meaning (K) [app. signifying Light, brisk, or quick: (see طَفَّفَ بِهِ الفَرَسُ:) in the TK, and hence by Freytag, expl. as meaning thus, but as an epithet applied to a man].

إِنَآءٌ طَفَّانُ [in the CK طَفّانٌ] A vessel in which the measuring [or thing measured] has reached its uppermost parts: (S, O, K:) [or] a full vessel. (IAar, TA.) الطَّافَّةُ What is between mountains and plains. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And طَافَّةُ البُسْتَانِ What surrounds the garden: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pl. طَوَافُّ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) طَفْطَفَةٌ (S, O, K) and طِفْطِفَةٌ, (O, K,) the latter mentioned on the authority of Az, (O,) The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (S, O, K:) or any quivering flesh: (Az, O, K: [see شِدْقٌ:]) or the flaccid flesh of the soft parts of the belly; (O, K;) thus the former word is expl. by IDrd: (O:) or the extremities of the side, adjoining the ribs: (K:) and said to mean the soft part of the liver; the pl. being used by Dhu-r-Rummeh in relation to the liver: (L, TA:) the pl. is طَفَاطِفُ. (O, K.) طَفْطَافٌ The extremities of trees: (S, O, K:) or the soft, or tender, and succulent, of plants, or herbage: or, accord. to El-Mufaddal, the leaves of the branches. (TA.) b2: See also طَفٌّ.

مُطَفِّفٌ One who gives short measure, and short weight, (Zj, Msb, TA,) thus cheating his companion; but this epithet is not applied unrestrictedly except in the case of exorbitant deficiency: [or] accord. to Aboo-Is-hák [i. e. Zj], the مطفّف is thus called because he seldom or never steals from the measure or balance save what is paltry, i. e. طَفِيف; for it is from طَفُّ الشَّىْءِ, meaning “ the side of the thing: ” the pl. occurs in the Kur lxxxiii. 1. (TA.)
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