دلب

دُلْبٌ A kind of tree; (S, and so in some copies of the K;) the tree called the عَيْثَم [or عَيْثَام], (T,) or the غَيْثَان [probably a mistranscription for عَيْثَام]: (M:) or the صِنَّار or صِنَار [i. e. the plane-tree]; (T, M, K, accord. to different copies; in some copies of the K explained as the صنار; in other copies, as a kind of tree, and the صنار;) which is most like to it [referring to the عيثم]; (T;) or which is most likely; (M;) a kind of great tree, (Mgh,) having neither blossom nor fruit, the leaves of which are serrated (M, Mgh) and wide, resembling those of the vine, (M,) called in Persian صِنَار [or rather چَنَارْ]: (Mgh:) in the [Kitáb en-] Nebát, [or Book of Plants, of AHn,] the [tree called] صنار, which is a Persian word that has become current in the language of the Arabs: it grows large and wide: and some say that it is called the عَيْثَام: (TT:) accord. to Ibn-El-Kutbee, it is a great, well-known, tree, the leaves of which resemble those of the خِرْوَع [or palma Christi], except in being smaller, and are bitter in taste, and astringent; having small blossoms: (TA:) [see also De Sacy's “ Abdallatif,” p. 80: and his “ Chrest. Arabs,” sec. ed., p. 394 (173 of the Arabic text) and the notes thereon: the word is a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with نَوَاقِيس. (S, M, K.) The نَاقُوس [pl. of هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الدُّرْبَةِ بِمُعَالَجَةِ الدُّلْبَةِ, answering to the Christians the purpose of churchbells,] are made of the wood of this tree: whence the saying, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الدُّرْبَةِ بِمُعَالَجَةِ الدُّلْبَةِ [He is of the people who are accustomed to ply the wood of the plane-tree], meaning he is a Christian. (A.) A2: الدُّلْبُ [or, as in a copy of the T, accord. to the TT, الدَّلْبُ,] A certain race of the blacks, (T, K,) of Es-Sind: [said to be] formed by transposition from الدَّيْبُلُ. (T.) دُلْبَةٌ n. un. of دُلْبٌ [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) A2: And Blackness, (IAar, T, K,) like لُعْسَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) دَالِبٌ A coal that will not become extinguished. (K.) دُولَابٌ, (S,) or دَوْلَابٌ, (A, Mgh,) or each of these, (M, Msb, K,) of which the latter is the more chaste, (Msb, K,) an arabicized word, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) from the Persian [دُولْ آبْ dól-áb]; (S, M, Msb;) but some say it is Arabic; (Msb;) [A kind of water-wheel;] a machine that is turned by a horse or the like; (Mgh, Msb;) a thing formed like the نَاعُورَة, with which water is drawn, (M, A, K,) for irrigating land [&c.]: (A:) or, more correctly, the same as the ناعورة; vulgarly called سَاقِيَة: (TA:) [it mainly consists of a vertical wheel, which raises the water in earthern pots, these being attached to cords, and forming a continuous series; a second vertical wheel, fixed to the same axis as the former, with cogs; and a large, horizontal, cogged wheel, which, being turned by a pair of bulls or cows or by a single beast, puts and keeps in motion the two other wheels and the pots:] pl. دَوَالِيبُ; (S, M, A;) for which دَوَالِى occurs in poetry: (M:) [or rather this (occurring at the end of a verse, and with the article ال,) is pl. of دَالِيَةٌ.]

b2: It has also other meanings, not mentioned in the K. (TA.) [Nor are they mentioned in the TA. Among other meanings used in the present day, are the following. b3: A machine: particularly any machine with a rotatory motion. b4: A cupboard. b5: And A machination; an artifice; a trick; or a fraud.]

أَرْضٌ مَدْلَبَةٌ A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (K,) the kind of trees called دُلْب. (S, K.)

قشب

1 قَشْبٌ signifies The act of mixing. (S, Mgh, O, K.) You say, قَشَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَشْبٌ, He mixed. (K.) And قُشِبَ, said of anything, It was mixed. (M.) b2: And قَشَبَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He corrupted, or vitiated, it: (K, TA:) or he mixed it (i. e. anything) with a thing that corrupted, or vitiated, it. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] قَشَبَ الطَّعَامَ, (S, M,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He poisoned the food; (S;) he mixed the food with poison; as also ↓ قشّبهُ: (M, TA:) or قَشَبَ signifies he mixed poison, and so prepared it that it should take effect upon the body. (IAar, TA.) b4: And قَشَبَهُ, (S, O, K,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., He gave him poison to drink; (S, O, K;) and (TA) so لَهُ ↓ قشّب. (M, TA.) And قَشَبَ النَّسْرَ He put poison on flesh-meat for the vulture, that he might eat it and die, and he might take his feathers. (AA, TA.) b5: And [hence] قَشَبَنِى رِيحُهُ; (K, TA;) and (TA) ريحه ↓ قَشَّبَنِى, inf. n. تَقْشِيبٌ; (S, TA;) His, or its, odour annoyed me: (S, K, TA:) as though meaning it poisoned me. (S, TA.) قَشَبَهُ and ↓ قشّبهُ both signify He, or it, annoyed him. (Mgh.) And قَشَبَهُ الدُّخَانُ means The smoke annoyed him by its odour; and oppressed, or overpowered, him. (O.) قَشْبٌ [in a case of this kind], (O, K,) as inf. n. of قَشَبَ, aor. ـِ (K,) means The affecting [a person] with what is displeasing, or hateful, and with what is deemed unclean, or filthy: (O, K: [in the former القَشْبُ is expl. by the words الاصابةُ بما يُكْرَهُ ويُسْتَقْذَرُ; which, as well as what here follows, shows that an assertion in the TK (copied from the TA, and adopted by Freytag) respecting the explanation in the K, is erroneous:]) and hence the saying of 'Omar, when he perceived the odour of perfume from Mo'áwiyeh when the latter was a pilgrim, مَنْ قَشَبَنَا [i. e. Who has affected us with what is displeasing &c.?]; likening the odour of perfume in this case to a stink. (O.) b6: قَشْبٌ also signifies The depriving [one] of reason; (K, TA;) from the same word as signifying the act of “ corrupting,” or “ vitiating: ” (TA:) and its verb is قَشَبَ, aor. ـِ (K, TA.) 'Omar said to one of his sons, قَشَبَكَ المَالُ (M, O, TA) i. e. Wealth has deprived thee of thy reason: (M:) or has corrupted, or vitiated, thee, and deprived thee of thy reason. (O, TA.) b7: And قَشَبَهُ, (S, M, O, K,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He spoke evil of him: (S, O:) (tropical:) he aspersed him, or upbraided him, (M, K, TA,) بِشَىْءٍ with a thing; (K, TA;) and so ↓ قشّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْشِيبٌ: (accord. to some copies of the K, and said in the TA to be agreeable with usage:) and (tropical:) he reproached him with disgraceful conduct. (M, K, TA.) You say, قَشَبَهُ بِقَبِيحٍ (tropical:) He charged, or upbraided, him with something bad, evil, abominable, or foul. (S, O, TA.) And قَشَبَهُ بِشَرٍّ (assumed tropical:) He cast upon him an evil imputation that was a mark whereby he should, or would, be known. (M, TA.) And قَشَبَهُ بِعَيْبِ نَفْسِهِ (assumed tropical:) He imputed to him, or charged him with, his own vice, or fault. (IAar, TA.) And قَشَبَنَا (assumed tropical:) He reproached, or upbraided, us with, or accused us of, a thing that was not in us: (O:) [or] he commanded us to forbear from a thing that was not in us. (TA.) And قَشَبَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He forged, or fabricated, a lie, or falsehood. (K, TA.) A2: قَشَبَ اِلسَّيْفَ, (O, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (K,) He polished the sword; (O, K;) removed its قِشْب [i. e. rust]. (O.) A3: And قَشَبَ, (S, M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (M, K;) or قَشِبَ, with kesr; (O, as on the authority of Fr;) He (a man, S, M, O) gained, or acquired, praise or blame; (Fr, S, M, O, K;) as also ↓ اقتشب. (S, M, K.) A4: قَشُبَ, (Th, M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. قَشَاَبةٌ, (K,) It (a garment, Th, M, TA) was new and clean: (Th, M, TA:) or it was white and clean. (K, TA.) b2: And قَشُبَ, (thus written in my copy of the TA,) or قَشِبَ, (thus in a copy of the M,) It (a thing) was, or became, unclean, dirty, or filthy. (M, TA.) 2 قشّب: see the preceding paragraph, in five places. b2: Also, He rendered a thing unclean, dirty, or filthy. (M, TA.) 4 مَا أَقْشَبَ بَيْتَهُمْ How unclean, dirty, or filthy, is their tent or house! (O,) or, what surrounds their tent or house, by reason of the human excrement, or ordure! (TA.) 8 إِقْتَشَبَ see 1, last sentence but two.10 استقشبهُ He deemed it (i. e. a thing) unclean, dirty, or filthy. (M, TA.) قَشْبٌ inf. n. of قَشَبَ [q. v.] b2: [The explanations of this word by Golius and Freytag, by the former as an epithet applied in two contr. senses to a sword, and by the latter as a subst. (from a misstatement in the TK mentioned above), are erroneous.]

قِشْبٌ Poison; (S, M, Mgh, O, K;) because consisting of things mixed together; (Mgh;) as also ↓ قَشَبٌ: (M, K:) pl. of the former أَقْشَابٌ. (S, M.) b2: And [hence, app.,] A certain plant, (M, O, K,) resembling the مَقِر, (M, [which is generally said to mean the aloe, and by AHn to be a certain plant consisting of leaves without branches, agreeably with what follows, in the O and K resembling the مَفْد,]) from the middle whereof there rises a stalk, which, when it grows tall, bends down its top by reason of its succulence, or suppleness; having upon its head a fruit (ثَمَرَةٌ, M, O, [in the TA عقدة,]) with which birds of prey are killed, (M, O,) being poisoned therewith by its being put into flesh and thrown where they alight: he who prepares it stops up his nose; if he do not, it injures him; and people fear to pasture their cattle near to the places of its growth lest the animals should come in contact with it and should break it or bruise it and it should exhale its odour upon them and kill them: thus says AHn, on the authority of some one or more of the Arabs of the desert, of the Saráh (السَّرَاة). (O.) b3: And Anything unclean, dirty, or filthy; as also ↓ قَشَبٌ: (M, TA:) or anything that is deemed unclean, dirty, or filthy. (Mgh.) b4: Rust (K, TA) upon iron: (TA:) or dirt upon a sword. (A, TA.) b5: The refuse, that is thrown away, as being of no good, of طَعَام [i. e. wheat, or other food]. (M, TA.) b6: See also [the pl.]

أَقْشَابٌ, voce قَاشِبٌ. b7: Also, i. e. قِشْبٌ A man in whom is no good; (K, TA;) and (TA) so قِشْبٌ خِشْبٌ; (S, M, O, TA;) or this means with whom is no good: the latter word is an imitative sequent. (TA in art. خشب.) [See also قِشْبَةٌ.]

b8: And Dry, or tough, and hard. (M, TA. [Like قَسْبٌ.]) A2: And القِشْبُ signifies The نَفْس [here meaning جَسَد, i. e. body, as is shown below, voce قَاشِبٌ]. (O, K.) قَشَبٌ: see قِشْبٌ, in two places.

قَشِبٌ: see قَشِيبٌ.

قِشْبَةٌ A low, vile, ignoble, or mean, man, (IDrd, M, O, K, TA,) possessing no good: (TA:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (IDrd, M, O, TA.) [See also قِشْبٌ, last quarter.] b2: And The young one of the ape, or of the monkey: (M, O, K:) so, IDrd says, some assert; (O;) but he doubted its correctness; (M, O, TA;) and the right word is قِشَّةٌ. (M, TA.) قَشِيبٌ Food mixed with poison: (M, TA:) and anything poisoned; as also ↓ مُقَشَّبٌ. (Nh, TA.) [Hence,] نَسْرٌ قَشِيبٌ A vulture for which poison is mixed in flesh-meat, which he eats, and which kills him; and then his feathers are taken: (S, O:) a vulture killed by means of غَلْثَى

[q. v.]. (M, TA.) A2: And White, (O, K,) and clean. (K.) b2: And, (S, M, O, K,) as also ↓ قَشِبٌ, (M,) New: (S, M, O, K:) b3: and Old, and worn-out: (M, O, K:) thus having two contr. meanings: (O, K:) the former used alike as masc. and fem.; applied to a garment; and its pl. is قُشُبٌ [and by contraction قُشْبٌ, mentioned by Golius on the authority of Meyd]. (M.) b4: And the former, applied to a sword, (S, O, K,) Polished: (K:) or recently polished: (S, O:] b5: and, (O, K,) so applied, (A, O, K,) Rusty: (O, K:) or dirty: (A:) thus, again, having two contr. meanings. (O, K) قُشْبَانِيَّتَانِ (occurring in a trad., O) Two old and worn-out [garments of the kind called] burdehs (بُرْدَتَانِ): (O, K, TA:) or, as some say, new: (Nh, TA:) the assertion that قُشْبَانٌ is a pl. of قَشِيبٌ, and that قُشْبَانِيَّةٌ is a rel. n. from this pl., is one upon which no reliance is to be placed, (O, K,) for a rel. n. is not formed from a pl. [unless from a pl. of the class of أَنْصَارٌ]: it is an innovated form of rel. n. (O.) قَاشِبٌ [act. part. n. of قَشَبَ; Mixing: &c.]. b2: One who imputes to others, or charges them with, vices, or faults, that are in himself. (IAar, TA.) b3: And A tailor (O, K) who ejects his ↓ أَقْشَاب, i. e. the knots of the threads, [meaning who spits them out,] when he ejects them. (O.) A2: And [A man] weak in respect of the body (ضَعِيفُ النَّفْسِ); (K, TA;) i. e. (TA) one whose قِشْب [meaning body] is weak, or emaciated; (O, TA;) by his فِشْب being meant his نَفْس [as syn. with جَسَد]. (O.) مُقَشَّبٌ Poison with which medicaments [or drugs] are mixed to render it potent. (Ham p.

331.) See also قَشِيبٌ, first sentence. b2: And, (M, K,) or مُقَشَّبُ الحَسَبِ, (S,) (tropical:) A man whose grounds of pretension to respect are mixed (S, M, K, * TA) with ignobleness. (M, TA.)

دنف

1 دَنِفَ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. دَنَفٌ; (M, Msb;) and ↓ ادنف; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) or, accord. to Sb, one does not say دَنِفَ, though they sometimes said دَنِفٌ, for he regarded this as a possessive epithet; (M;) said of a sick man, (S, Mgh, K,) He had a constant, or chronic, disease: (Msb: [see دَنَفٌ, below:]) or he was, or became, heavy, (S, Mgh, K, TA,) by reason of disease, (Mgh, TA,) and near to death, (Mgh,) or at the point of death: (TA:) or he became emaciated by disease so as to be at the point of death. (M.) b2: And [hence,] دَنِفَتِ الشَّمْسُ, and ↓ ادنفت, (tropical:) The sun was near to setting, and became yellow. (S, K, TA.) b3: And دَنِفَ الأَمْرُ (tropical:) The thing, or event, was, or became, near (K, TA) to passing. (TA.) 4 ادنف: see 1, in two places.

A2: ادنفهُ, said of a disease, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) It rendered him constantly, or chronically, ill; or clave to him constantly: (Msb:) or it rendered him heavy [so that he was near to death, or at the point of death: see 1]: (S, Mgh, K:) or, said of God, He caused him to become emaciated by disease so as to be at the point of death. (M.) Thus the verb is trans. as well as intrans. (S, Msb.) b2: And أَدْنَفْتُ الأَمْرَ (tropical:) I caused the thing, or event, to be near, or brought it near, (K, TA,) to passing. (TA.) دَنَفٌ A constant, or chronic, disease; (S, M, K;) such as infects, or pervades, the person or the inside: or, as some say, any disease, whatever it be. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ دَنِفٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the latter held by Sb to be a possessive epithet, as he disallowed the verb دَنِفَ, (M,) A man having a constant, or chronic, disease; (S, M, Msb, K;) such as infects, or pervades, his person or his inside: or, accord. to some, having any disease: or emaciated by disease so as to be at the point of death: and ↓ مُدْنَفٌ and ↓ مُدْنِفٌ signify the same: (M:) or these two signify rendered heavy by disease [so as to be near to death, or at the point of death: see 1]: (S, Mgh, K:) [and Freytag adds ↓ دَانِفٌ, explained as meaning “ interitui obnoxius,” as from the Ham; in which I only find (p. 624) authority for دَنِفٌ, signifying being at the point of death or destruction:] دَنَفٌ is used alike as masc. (Fr, T, S, M, K) and fem. (S, M, K) and sing. (Fr, T, S, M, K) and dual (S, M) and pl., (Fr, T, S, M, K,) as though it were an inf. n. used as an epithet: (M:) but if you say ↓ دَنِفٌ, you vary it for the fem. and dual and pl., (T, * S, M, K,) saying اِمْرَأَةٌ دَنِفَةٌ, (S, M,) &c., (S,) i. e., saying also رَجُلَانِ دَنِفَانِ, (TA,) and قَوْمٌ أَدْنَافٌ, (M,) or رِجَالٌ أَدْنَافٌ: (TA:) and sometimes دَنَفٌ has a dual form and a pl.; (K;) [i. e.] one may say أَخَوَاكَ دَنَفَانِ and إِخْوَتُكَ أَدْنَافُ. (Fr, T.) b2: Applied to the sun, it means (tropical:) Near to setting, (M, TA,) and (TA) becoming yellow. (T, TA.) So in the saying (of El-'Ajjáj, T, TA), وَالشَّمْسُ قَدْ كَادَتْ تَكُونُ دَنَفَا (tropical:) [And the sun had almost become near to setting, and to turning yellow]. (T, M, TA.) [See Q. 2 in art. زحلف.]

دَنِفٌ: see دَنَفٌ, in two places.

دَانِفٌ: see دَنَفٌ.

مُدْنَفٌ: see دَنَفٌ.

مُدْنِفٌ: see دَنَفٌ.