حطب

1 حَطَبَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَطْبٌ, (TA,) He collected حَطَب, (S, A, K,) i. e. firewood; (A, K;) as also ↓ احتطب: (S, A, K:) [and] so حَطَبَ الحَطَبَ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above; and ↓ احتطب. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] حَطَبَ فِى حَبْلِهِ, (A,) or فى حَبْلِهِمْ, (K,) [lit. He collected firewood in his, or their, rope; meaning] (tropical:) he aided, or assisted, (A, K,) him, (A,) or them. (K.) One says, إِنَّكَ تَحْطِبُ فِى حَبْلِهِ وَ تَمِيلُ إِلَى هَوَاهُ (tropical:) [Verily thou aidest him, and inclinest to his desire]. (A, TA.) b3: And حَطَبَ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْرٍ (A, Mgh) (tropical:) He brought to him خير, (Mgh,) meaning wealth, or property. (A.) b4: And فُلَانٌ يَحْطِبُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one incites, urges, or instigates, [others] against such a one. (Har p. 209.) b5: And حَطَبَ بِهِ (tropical:) He calumniated him, or slandered him. (A, Mgh, Msb, K. [See حَطَبٌ, below.]) A2: حَطَبَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (TA,) He collected firewood for him: (K:) or he brought firewood to him: (S, K:) as also لَهُ ↓ احتطب. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَحْطِبُ رُفَقَآءَهُ وَ يَسْقِيهِمْ [Such a one collects firewood for, or brings firewood to, his companions, and gives them to drink]. (A, TA.) b2: Also He collected for him a thing as firewood. (TA.) b3: حَطَبُوا كَرْمَهُمْ, inf. n. حَطْبٌ, [and app. also حِطَابٌ, which see below, or this may be a simple subst.,] (tropical:) They cut off the حَطَب of their grapevine; (A;) i. e. the dry portions thereof, that were of no use but for fire. (Mgh.) A3: حَطَبَ and ↓ احطب It, (a place, K,) or he, (a man, TA,) abounded with firewood. (K, * TA.) A4: حَطُبَ He was, or became, lean, or meagre. (A.) 4 احطب: see 1. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (a grape-vine) attained to the time for having its حَطَب [q. v.] cut off from it: (S:) or (tropical:) attained to the time of bearing grapes and for the cutting off of what required to be cut off; as also ↓ استحطب: (A:) or the latter, it required to have its upper, or uppermost, portions cut off, (K,) or somewhat of those portions. (TA.) 8 احتطب: see 1, in three places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (rain) tore up the roots, or stems, of the trees [as though it made firewood of them]. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He (a camel, TA) fed upon the small and dry parts of the branches. (K, TA.) This a camel does only by reason of soundness, and of surpassing strength. (TA.) b4: احتطب عَلَيْهِ فِى الأَمْرِ i. q. احتقب [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) He took upon himself a burden, or a responsibility, in the affair; as though he bound it like a bundle of firewood upon his back]. (K.) 10 إِسْتَحْطَبَ see 4.

حَطَبٌ Firewood; the portions of trees that are prepared for fuel: (M, A, K:) pl. أَحْطَابٌ. (Msb.) b2: And hence, because enmity is kindled with it like as fire is with حَطَب [properly so called], (Har p. 209,) (tropical:) Calumny, or slander; (A, Mgh, TA;) also termed الحَطَبُ الرَّطْبُ. (TA.) The former is said to have this meaning in the Kur cxi. 4: (Mgh, TA:) or to mean thorns, which the woman there spoken of is related to have been in the habit of throwing in the way of Mohammad. (TA.) You say, يَحْمِلُ الحَطَبَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, meaning (tropical:) He goes about with calumny, or slander, among, or between, the people. (A.) b3: Also (tropical:) The prunings of a grape-vine; (S, * A;) and so ↓ حِطَابٌ: (A:) the dry portions of a grape-vine that are of no use but for fire: (Mgh:) b4: the latter is explained by ISh as meaning the prunings that are cut off each year from the upper, or uppermost, portions of a grape-vine. (TA.) حَطِبٌ, applied to a man, (S,) [and app. to cattle, (see خَشَبٌ,)] (assumed tropical:) Very lean or meagre; as also ↓ أَحْطَبُ: (S, K:) or the latter means unlucky, or unfortunate; syn. مَشْؤُومٌ; (K;) in some copies of the K مَوْسُومٌ; (TA;) and its fem. is حَطْبَآءُ. (K.) حِطَابٌ [app. an inf. n., see 1,] (assumed tropical:) The pruning of a grape-vine until reaching the part in which the sap runs. (K.) b2: See also حَطَبٌ, in two places.

حَطِيبٌ, (S, Msb, K,) fem. with ة, (K,) A place, (S, Msb, K,) or land, (K,) abounding with firewood. (S, * Msb, K.) حَطُوبَةٌ A handful, or bundle, of firewood. (K, * TA.) حَطَّابٌ: see حَاطِبٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A camel that feeds upon the small and dry parts of branches: (K, TA:) fem. with ة. (TA.) [See 8.]

حَاطِبٌ A collector of firewood: (Msb, TA:) and so ↓ حَطَّابٌ, (A, Msb,) but in an intensive sense: (Msb:) or the latter, one who collects and sells firewood: (TA:) and حَطَّابَةٌ a company of collectors of firewood: (S, Mgh:) and إِمَآءٌ حَوَاطِبُ [pl. of حَاطِبَةٌ] female slaves who collect firewood. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] هُوَ حَاطِبُ لَيْلٍ (tropical:) He is one who confuses in his speech, (A, K,) and in his affair: (TA:) or one who speaks what is bad and what is good: (S, TA:) like him who collects firewood by night; (TA;) for this person sees not what he collects in his rope, (S, TA,) so he collects bad and good. (TA.) Az says, one who acts unjustly towards himself is likened to a collector of wood by night, because the latter may chance to put his hand upon a viper, and be bitten by it: and so is one who does not restrain his tongue, but censures others; by doing which a man sometimes occasions his own death. (TA.) It is said in a prov., المِكْثَارُ حَاطِبُ لَيْلٍ (tropical:) The loquacious is [like] a collector of firewood by night. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) أَحْطَبُ: see حَطِبٌ.

مِحْطَبٌ (assumed tropical:) A pruning-knife. (K, TA.) مُحَاطِبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that eats dry thorns. (S, K.) مُحْتَطِبٌ (assumed tropical:) A small creeping thing that goes along upon the ground with pieces of wood, or stick, clinging to it. (Ham p. 207.)

حوب

1 حَابَ, (Msb, K,) sec. Pers\. حُبْتُ, (S,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَوْبٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَوْبَةٌ and حِيَابَةٌ, (S, K, accord. to one copy of the K حِيَابٌ,) and حِيبَةٌ (TA) and حُوبٌ; (K;) or this last is a simple subst.; or, as some say, it and حَوْبٌ are two dial. vars.; that with damm, of the dial. of El-Hijáz; and that with fet-h, of the dial. of Temeem; (Msb;) accord. to Zj, that with damm signifies “ sin, or crime; ” and that with fet-h, the “ act ” of a man; [i. e. the “ act of committing a sin, or crime; ”] (TA;) He sinned; committed a sin, or crime; did what was unlawful; (S, Msb, K;) بِكَذَا [by such a thing]. (S, K.) b2: Also, aor. as above, [inf. n. not mentioned,] He, or it, became in an evil condition, or state. (TA.) b3: He slew [another]: of the dial. of the tribe of Asad. (TA.) A2: حَوْبٌ also signifies The act of chiding a male camel [by the cry حَوْبِ]. (Lth, TA.) [See also 2.]2 حوّب بِالإِبِلِ, (S, K, *) inf. n. تَحْوِيبٌ, (K,) He chid the camels (S, K) by the cry حَوْبِ حَوْبِ. (S.) [See also 1.]4 أَحْوَبَ He pursued a course that led him to sin, or crime. (K, TA.) A2: مَا أَحَبْتُهُ for مَا أَحْبَبْتُهُ: see 4 in art. حب.5 تحوّب He abstained from, shunned, or avoided, sin, or crime; put it away from himself: (A 'Obeyd, S, K, TA:) he applied himself to acts, or exercises, of devotion; became devout, or a devotee. (IJ, TA.) Here the form تَفَعَّلَ is deprived of the radical signification, as in the cases of the syn. words تَأَثَّمَ and تَحَنَّثَ; though its property is oftener to confirm the radical signification. (TA. [See تحنّث.]) You say, تحوّب مِنْ كَذَا He abstained from such a thing as a sin, or crime. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA. [See also another explanation below.]) b2: He humbled himself in his prayer, or supplication. (TA.) b3: He expressed pain, grief, or sorrow; lamented, or complained. (S, K, * TA.) And تحوّب مِنْ كَذَا He was enraged, and expressed pain or grief or sorrow, or lamented, or complained, by reason of such a thing. (TA. [See another explanation above.]) b4: He cried out, expressing pain or grief or sorrow, or lamenting, or complaining: he cried aloud, or vehemently, in prayer, or supplication. (TA.) He wept, in impatience, or sorrow, and with loud crying: and sometimes, in a general sense, he cried out, or aloud, (TA.) b5: He (a jackal) cried, or howled: because his cry is like that of a person expressing pain or grief or sorrow, or lamenting, or complaining, as though he were writhing from the pain of hunger or beating. (S, TA.) حَبْ and حَبٍ: see حَوْبٍ, in five places.

حَابْ and حَابِ: see حَوْبِ, in five places.

حَابٌ: see حُوبٌ.

حَوْبِ and حَوْبُ and حَوْبَ (S, K) and ↓ حَابِ (K) A cry used for chiding a camel: (S:) or a cry by which a male camel is chidden, (Lth, IAth, K,) to urge him on; (Lth, TA;) like as a she-camel is by the cry حَلْ and حَلِ and حَلِى: the first form (حَوْبِ) is that used by the Arabs [in general]; but the other forms are allowable: حَوْبْ حَوْبْ also occurs, with the ب quiescent; and حَوْبًا حَوْبًا occurs in a trad., in the same sense: also, لَا مَشَيْتُ ↓ حَبْ and ↓ حَبِ and ↓ حَابْ and ↓ حَابِ [On! mayest thou not walk, or mayest thou not be rightly directed; حب &c. being syn. with حَوْبِ, and followed by an imprecation]. (TA.) Hence, حَوْبَكَ هَلْ يُعْتَمُ بِالسَّمَارِ Urge on! Should a delay be made in bringing milk much diluted with water? i. e., if thou entertain with milk much diluted with water, wherefore tardiness? a prov., applied to him who delays the fulfilment of his promise, and then gives little. (MF.) حَوْبٌ: see حُوبٌ, in two places: A2: and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in four places. b2: Also Grief, or sorrow: and loneliness, or solitariness: and so ↓ حُوبٌ, in both these senses. (K.) b3: Difficulty, distress, trouble, or fatigue; syn. جَهْدٌ. (K. [That جهد is to be thus understood here is indicated in the TA.]) b4: Pain. (K.) A3: A difficult road. (TA.) A4: A kind, or sort: and a mode, or manner. (K, TA.) You say, سَمِعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا حَوْبَيْنِ I heard, or have heard, of this, two kinds, or modes: and رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ حَوْبَيْنِ I saw, or have seen, of it, two kinds, or modes. (TA.) A5: A he-camel: (K:) or a bulky he-camel: so called from the cry حَوْبِ, by which he is urged; like as a mule is called عَدَسٌ: (Lth, TA:) or it signifies originally a he-camel, and hence, from its frequency of usage, the cry حوب by which he is urged. (K, * TA.) حُوبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ حَوْبٌ, (Msb, * K,) said by some to be two dial. vars., (Msb, [see 1, first sentence,]) and ↓ حَابٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَوْبَةٌ (A 'Obeyd, K) and ↓ حُوبَةٌ (A 'Obeyd, TA) and ↓ حَابَةٌ (K) and ↓ حِيبَةٌ, (TA,) Sin, or crime: or a sin, or a crime: (S, A, Msb, K:) accord. to A 'Obeyd, the first and second signify any sin or crime; (TA;) [as also, app., حَابٌ;] and حوبة [i. e. حَوْبَةٌ and حُوبَةٌ, the former particularly mentioned in the Msb, and app. حَابَةٌ also], a single sin or crime: (Msb, TA:) accord. to Fr, حُوبٌ signifies great sin, or a great sin: accord. to Katádeh, wrong, injustice, or tyranny: thus in the Kur iv. 2; where El-Hasan read ↓ حَوْبًا instead of حُوبًا. (TA.) One says, رَبِّ تَقَبَّلْ تَوْبَتِى

↓ وَاغْسِلْ حَوْبَتِى (T, TA) i. e. [O my Lord, accept my repentance, and wash away] my sin, or crime. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) El-Mukhabbal Es-Saadee says, ↓ فَلَا تُدْخِلَنَّ الدَّهْرَ قَبْرَكَ حَوْبَةً

يَقُومُ بِهَا يَوْمًا عَلَيْكِ حَسِيبُ [Then introduce not thou, ever, into thy grave, a sin with which a reckoner, or taker of vengeance, may one day rise up against thee]. (TA.) A2: حُوبٌ also signifies Perdition, destruction, or death. (K.) [Hence, app.,] اِبْنَةُ حوبٍ A quiver; syn. كِنَانَةٌ. (TA. [The vowel of the ح is not indicated.]) b2: Disease. (K.) b3: A trial, a trouble, or an affliction. (K.) You say, هٰؤُلَآءِ عِيَالُ أَبِى

حُوبٍ [These are the family of the father of trouble; i. e., of one who is in trouble]. (TA.) b4: See also حَوْبٌ.

A3: And see حَوْبَآءُ.

حَابَةٌ: see حُوبٌ.

حَوْبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ, in three places.

A2: Also Maternal tenderness of heart. (K.) b2: Anxiety; (S, K;) and so ↓ حِيبَةٌ. (TA.) b3: Want; poverty; indigence; (S, K;) as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ and ↓ حَوْبٌ. (K.) You say, in prayer, إِلَيْكَ أَرْفَعُ حَوْبَتِى i. e. [To Thee I make known] my want. (TA from a trad.) And أَلْحَقَ اللّٰهُ بِهِ الحَوْبَةَ May God bring upon him want, or poverty, or indigence. (S, * TA.) [And hence,] ↓ اِبْنُ حَوْبٍ A man oppressed by difficulty, trouble, distress, or adversity; a man in need: i. e. any man in such a state. (IAar, TA.) And ↓ عِيَالُ ابْنِ حَوْبٍ [The family of a man oppressed by difficulty, &c.]. (TA.) b4: A state, or condition; as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ: (K:) but only used in speaking of an evil state; as in the phrases, بَاتَ بِحَوْبَةِ سُوْءٍ and سُوْءٍ ↓ بِحِيبَةِ He passed the night in an evil state or condition. (TA.) b5: [Hence also, for ذُو حَوْبَةٍ, and ذَاتُ حَوْبَةٍ, and ذَوُو حَوْبَةٍ,] A weak man; (Az, S, K;) as also ↓ حُوبَةٌ: (K:) and a weak woman: (TA:) and weak persons: (S:) and [a man who can neither profit nor harm; or] a man having neither good nor evil: (S:) pl. حُوَبٌ. (Az, S.) It is said in a trad., اِتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ فِى الحَوْبَاتِ, for ذَوَاتِ الحَوْبَاتِ, i. e. Fear ye God with respect to the needy women, who cannot do without some one to maintain them, and to take constant care of them. (TA.) And you say, إِنَّ لِى أَعُولُهَا Verily I have a weak family to maintain. (S.) b6: A person whom one is under an obligation to respect, or honour, or defend, and who may be subjected to loss, or ruin, [if abandoned,] such as a mother, or sister, or daughter, or any other female relation within the prohibited degrees of marriage; as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ: (ISk, S:) any such relation whom it is sinful to subject to loss, or ruin, by abandoning her: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or a mother: (K:) by some explained peculiarly as having this meaning: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) and a wife; or a concubine; (K;) because both require to be maintained: (TA:) and, as also ↓ حَوْبٌ, The father and mother: and a sister: and a daughter. (K.) You say, لِى فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ حَوْبَةٍ and ↓ حِيبَةٌ (ISk, S, K *) and ↓ حُوبَةٌ (K) I have, among the sons of such a one, a female relation such as any of those above specified: (ISk, S:) or one to whom I bear relationship on the side of the mother: (K:) or a relation within the prohibited degrees of marriage. (Az, TA.) b7: A sacred, or an inviolable, right of a person, which it would be sinful to disregard; as in the saying, فَعَلْتُهُ لِحَوْبَةِ فُلَانٍ [I did it for the sake of the sacred, or inviolable, right of such a one]. (A.) b8: A horse, or similar beast; syn. دَابَّةٌ: (K:) for this, also, cannot do without some one to take constant care of it, and to sustain it. (TA.) A3: The middle of a house. (K.) Perhaps the ب in this instance is a substitute for م. (TA.) حُوبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ: A2: and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in two places.

A3: حُوبَةٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ A bad tract of land; as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ. (TA.) حِيبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ: A2: and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in six places: A3: and حُوبَةٌ.

حَوْبَآءُ The soul; syn. نَفْسٌ; (Az, S, K;) as also ↓ حُوبٌ: (Az, K:) or the soul whose seat is in the heart; syn. رُوحُ القَلْبِ [also called the animal soul, رُوح حَيَوَانِىّ: see art. روح]: AHei asserts, in a disquisition on the heart, that this word is formed by transcription form حَبْوَآءُ: (TA:) pl. حَوْبَاوَاتٌ. (S, K.) You say, حَرَسَ اللّٰهُ حَوْبَآءَكَ [May God guard, or preserve, thy soul]. (A.) b2: [Also] The body, or person; in Persian تَنْ. (KL.) حَائِبٌ Slaying; or a slayer: of the dial. of the tribe of Asad. (TA.) أَحْوَبُ, as an epithet applied to a man, More, or most, or very, sinful, or criminal. (S, TA. [This meaning is implied, but not expressed.]) مُحَوِّبٌ, (K,) or, accord. to some, مُحَوَّبٌ, (MF,) and ↓ مُتَحَوِّبٌ, (K,) A man whose wealth passes away from him, and then returns. (K.) مُتَحَوِّبٌ: see what next precedes.

حنذ

1 حَنَذَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَنْذٌ (S, L, K, &c.) and تَحْنَاذٌ, [which latter is an intensive form,] He roasted a kid, &c.: (M, L:) or he roasted flesh-meat with heated stones, (T, A, L,) [in a hole dug in the ground, (see حَنِيذٌ,)] in order to cook it thoroughly: (A:) or he roasted a sheep or goat, and put upon it heated stones to cook it thoroughly: (S, L, K:) or he roasted flesh-meat by covering it over in fire, or burying it therein: (Az, L:) or he roasted it so that it dripped: (M:) or he roasted it without overdoing it [so that the moisture dripped from it]: or he scalded a kid &c., so as to remove its hair. (L.) [See also حَنِيذٌ; and see 4.] b2: حَنَذَتْهُ الشَّمْسَ, (A, L, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَنْذٌ, (L,) (tropical:) The sun burned him, (A, L, K,) namely, a traveller, and pained his brain. (K.) b3: حَنَذَ الفَرَسَ, (S, A, L, K,) aor. ـِ (S, L, K,) inf. n. حَنْذٌ (S, L) and حِنَاذٌ, (A, L,) (tropical:) He urged on the horse, (A, K,) and made him to run a heat or two heats, (S, L, K,) and then threw upon him coverings, (S, A, L, K,) one above another, (L,) to the number of five or six, (T, L,) in the sun, (S, K,) in order that he might sweat, (T, S, A, L, K,) to reduce his fat, and prevent his breathing hard. (T, L.) To a horse to which this is done you apply the epithets ↓ حَنِيذٌ and ↓ مَحْنُوذٌ. (S, A, L, K.) If the horse do not sweat, you say of him, كَبَا. (S, L.) b4: حَنَذَ لَهُ: see 4.4 احنذ He cooked flesh-meat thoroughly. (L.) b2: [See also 1] b3: Also, inf. n. إِحْنَاذٌ, (tropical:) He put much mixture [of water] into the beverage or wine (شَرَاب): or, as some say, the contr., i. e. he put little thereof: (K, TA:) accord. to Fr, (L,) i. q. أَعْرَقَ and أَخْفَسَ: (T, L:) AHeyth disallows its being syn. with these two verbs: (L:) but in the M it is said that لَهُ ↓ حَنَدَ, aor. ـِ means (assumed tropical:) he made the water for him little, and the beverage, or wine, much; as also اخفس: (L, TA:) accord. to Fr, إِذَا سَقَيْتُ فَأَحْنِذْ meansأَخْفِسْ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [when thou givest to drink,] make the water little, and the نَبِيذ much; (T, L, TA;) or this phrase means عَرِّقْ شَرَابَكَ, i. e. pour into thy beverage, or wine, a little water: (S, L:) in the A it is said that إِذَا سَقَيْتُهُ فَأَحْنِذْ لَهُ means (tropical:) [when thou givest him to drink,] give him to drink pure [wine] that shall burn his inside. (TA.) 10 استحنذ (tropical:) He lay upon his side in the sun, (K, TA,) and threw clothes over him there, (TA,) in order that he might sweat. (K, TA.) Yousay, اِسْتَحْنَذْتُ فِى الشَّمْسِ (tropical:) I endeavoured to make myself sweat by throwing clothes over me in the sun. (A.) حَنْذٌ: see حَنِيذٌ.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The intenseness, or violence, and burning, of heat. (S, L.) حُنْذَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Intense, or violent, heat. (K.) حِنْذِيذٌ (assumed tropical:) A man (TA) that sweats much. (K, TA.) حَنَاذِ, like قَطَامِ, [a proper name, indecl., with kesr for its termination,] (assumed tropical:) The sun. (K.) حِنَاذٌ (assumed tropical:) Heat: so in the phrase ↓ حِنَاذٌ مِحْنَذٌ (assumed tropical:) Burning heat. (L.) حَنِيذٌ Roasted flesh-meat; as also ↓ مَحْنُوذٌ and ↓ حَنْذٌ, which last is an inf. n. used as an epithet: (L:) or roasted with heated stones, (T, A, L,) in order to be cooked thoroughly: (A:) or a sheep or goat roasted, and having heated stones put upon it to cook it thoroughly; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ مَحْنُوذٌ; (TA;) which Ibn-'Arafeh explains as meaning roasted by means of heated stones put upon it, so thoroughly as to fall off from the bones: or حَنِيذٌ, he says, signifies roasted by means of hot stones so as to drip: (L:) or hot, roasted, flesh-meat, of which the moisture drips: (Sh, L, K: *) this is said by Az to be the best explanation that has been given of it: (TA:) or roasted flesh-meat not overdone: (L:) or roasted by being buried in the fire: (Az, L:) or [roasted flesh-meat] for which one has dug a hole in the ground in which it is then covered over [with fire or heated stones], agreeably with a wellknown practice of the Arabs of the desert: (Fr, L:) or roasted in a hole dug in the ground, heated stones being put upon it. (Har p. 20.) [See also مَرْمُوضٌ.] b2: See also 1. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Heated water: (K:) or hot water. (Sh, T, L.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A kind of oil. (K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) A perfumed preparation of خِطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallows] and the like, for washing the head. (K, * TA.) شَرَابٌ مُحْنَذٌ (assumed tropical:) Beverage, or wine, mixed with much water. (IAar, TA.) [But see 4.]

مِحْنَذٌ: see حِنَاذٌ.

مَحْنُوذٌ: see حَنِيذٌ, in two places: b2: and see also 1.

حوذ

1 حَاذَ الإِبِلَ, aor. ـُ (S, A, L,) inf. n. حَوْذٌ, (S, L, K,) He drove the camels quickly; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ أَحْوَذَهَا, (S, L,) inf. n. إِحْوَاذٌ: (K:) or violently; (M, L;) like حَازَهَا, inf. n. حَوْزٌ: (L:) or roughly: (B:) or he drove the camels to water; like حازها. (A. TA.) b2: Also He collected the camels together to drive them. (L.) b3: And حُذْتُ الإِبِلَ and حِذْتُهَا, I mastered, or gained the mastery over, the camels: two forms of the verb mentioned by Zj and IKtt and others, as coordinate to قَالَ and خَافَ. (MF, TA.) and حاذ الحِمَارُ أُتُنَهُ The he-ass gained the mastery over his she-asses, and collected them together; like حازها: (L:) [and so جَانِبَيْهَا ↓ أَحْوَذَ:] Lebeed says, (??) (??) [When they became collected together, and he gained the mastery over their flanks, or] drew them together so that not one of them escaped him, [and brought them to the watering-place, gal-(??) crooked legs; for] by عوج he (??) (S, L.) b4: And [hence,] (??) n. as above; (L;) and ↓ اِسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, A, L, K, *) and استحاذ; (S, L;) He overcame, mastered, or gained the mastery over, him, or it: (S, A, L, K:) [like حازهُ.] You say, عَلَى كَذَا ↓ استحوذ He mastered such a thing; gained the mastery over it; gained possession of it. (L.) عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّيْطَانُ ↓ استحوذ [in the Kur [viii. 20] means The devil hath overcome them, or gained the mastery over them: (S, L:) or hath gained the mastery over their hearts: (Th, L:) or hath gained the mastery over them, and inclined them to that which he desired of them: (Msb:) or drove them, having gained the mastery over them. (B.) And عَلَيْكُمْ ↓ أَلَمْ نَسْتَحْوِذْ [in the Kur iv. 140], Did we not acquire the mastery over your affairs, and gain possession of your affection? (S, L:) or did we not gain the mastery over you by befriending and aiding you? (Aboo-Ishák, L:) or did we not overcome you, and have it in our power to slay you? (Bd.) Az says that in all verbs coordinate to استحوذ, the original letters of the root may be preserved: that the Arabs say اِسْتَصَابَ and اِسْتَصْوَبَ, and اِسْتَجَابَ and اِسْتَجْوَبَ: and that their doing so is agreeable with a rule constantly obtaining with them. (S.) The grammarians say that he who says حَاذَ, aor. ـُ says only استحاذ; and he who says أَحْوَذَ, says in like manner استحوذ. (L.) b5: Also حاذ, aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. حَوْذٌ, (L, K,) He guarded, kept, kept safely, protected, took care of, or minded, [a person, or thing;] syn. حَاطَ, (L,) inf. n. حَوْطٌ. (L, K.) And حاذ عَلَيْهِ, (L,) inf. n. حَوْذٌ; (K;) and ↓ أَحْوَذَ, inf. n. إِحْوَاذٌ; (TA:) (??) thighs: pl. آحَاذٌ. (Ham p. 443.) They say, أَنْقَعُ اللَّبَنِ مَاوَلِىَ حَاذَىِ النَّاقَةِ [The most thirstquenching of milk is that which is next to the hinder parts of the two thighs of the she-camel]: i. e., when it is fresh-drawn, without her having been previously sucked by a young one. (TA. [But the first word, there, is انفع, which I regard as a mistranscription.]) حَاذَةٌ: see الحَاذُ, in two places.

حَوِيذٌ: see أَحْوَذِىٌّ.

طَرَدٌ أَحْوَذُ A quick hunting. (L.) أَحْوَذِىٌّ Quick in journeying, or in pace; one who goes a journey of ten nights in three. (L.) And hence, (tropical:) Quick in everything that he undertakes: quick, sharp, and active in affairs: (L:) active and skilful: (K:) active in a thing by reason of his skilfulness: (AA, S, L:) applied [as meaning active by reason of expertness] to the wing of a bird of the kind called قَطًا, by a poet. (S, L,) namely, Homeyd Ibn-Thowr: (S:) quick in his affairs, who prosecutes them, or carries them on, well: (L:) one who prosecutes, or carries on, affairs in the best manner, by reason of his knowledge thereof: (A:) one who manages things skilfully, well, or thoroughly: (Msb:) ready, or prompt, in affairs, who masters them, and to whom nothing is out of his way, or sphere, or compass; (As, S, L, K;) as also ↓ حَوِيذٌ: (L, * K:) one who overcomes, or masters. (L.) and أَحْوَزِىٌّ signifies the same. (S and K &c. in art. حوز.) b2: It is applied by a poet to thick water (مَآءٌ مِنَ الطَّثْرَةِ) as meaning (assumed tropical:) Quick in moving the bowels. (S, L.)

حمر

1 حَمَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَمْرٌ, (TA,) He pared a thong; stripped it of its superficial part: (S, K:) or he (a sewer of leather or of skins) pared a thong by removing its inner superficial part, and then oiled it, previously to sewing with it, so that it became easy [to sew with; app. because this operation makes it to appear of a red, or reddish, colour]. (Yaakoob, S.) b2: and [hence,] He pared, or peeled, anything; divested or stripped it of its superficial part, peel, bark, coat, covering, crust, or the like: and ↓ حمرّ, inf. n. تَحْمِيرٌ, signifies the same in an intensive degree, or as applying to many objects; syn. قشّر. (TA.) b3: Also, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) He skinned a sheep [and thus made it to appear red]. (S, K.) b4: He shaved the head [and thus made it to appear red, or of a reddish-brown colour, the common hue of the Arab skin]. (K.) And حَمَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ جِلْدَهَا [The woman removed the hair of her skin]. (TA.) The term حَمْرٌ is [also] used in relation to soft hair, or fur, (وَبَر,) and wool. (TA.) b5: حَمَرَهُ بِالسَوْطِ He excoriated him (قَشَرَهُ) with the whip. (TA.) b6: حَمَرَ الأَرْض, aor. and inf. n. as above, It (rain) removed the superficial part of of the ground. (TA.) b7: حَمَرَهُ بِاللِّسَانِ (assumed tropical:) He galled him (قَشَرَهُ) with the tongue. (TA.) A2: حَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (Lth, S, K,) inf. n. حَمَرٌ, (Lth, S,) He (a horse) suffered indigestion from eating barley: or the odour of his mouth became altered, or stinking, (K, TA,) by reason thereof: (TA:) or he became diseased from eating much barley, (Lth,) or he suffered indigestion from eating barley, (S,) so that his mouth stank: (Lth, S:) and in like manner one says of a domestic animal [of any kind]: part. n. ↓ حَمِرٌ. (TA.) A3: حَمِرَ عَلَىَّ, (Sh, K, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Sh,) He (a man) burned with anger and rage against me. (Sh, K. *) A4: حَمِرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) [The horse] became like on ass in stupidity, dulness, or want of vigour, by reason of fatness. (K.) 2 حمّر, inf. n. تَحْمِيرٌ: see 1. b2: Also He cut [a thing] like pieces, or lumps, of flesh-meat. (K.) b3: He dyed a thing red. (Msb.) b4: [He wrote with red ink. b5: See also تَحْمِيرٌ, below.]

A2: He called another an ass; saying, O ass. (K.) A3: He rode a مِحْمَر; i. e. a horse got by a stallion of generous race out of a mare not of such race; or a jade. (A, TA.) A4: He spoke the language, or dialect, of Himyer; (S, K;) as also ↓ تَحَمْيَرَ. (K.) 4 احمر He (a man, TA) had a white child (وَلَدٌ أَحْمَرُ,) born to him. (K.) A2: He fed a beast so as to cause its mouth to become altered in odour, or stinking, (K, TA,) from much barley. (TA.) 5 تحمّر He asserted himself to be related to [the race of] Himyer: or he imagined himself as though he were one of the Kings of Himyer: thus explained by IAar. (TA.) 7 انحمر مَا عَلَى الجِلْدِ [What was upon the skin became removed]: said of hair and of wool. (TA.) 9 احمرّ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. اِحْمِرَارٌ, (K,) It became أَحْمَر [or red]; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احمارّ: (K:) both these verbs signify the same: (S:) or the former signifies it was red, constantly, not changing from one state to another: and ↓ the latter, it became red, accidentally, not remaining so; as when you say, جَعَلَ يَحْمَارُّ مَرَّةً وَيَصْفَارُّ أُخْرَى

He, or it, began to become red one time and yellow another. (TA.) [It is also said that] every verb of the measure اِفْعَلَّ is contracted from اِفْعَالَّ; and that the former measure is the more common because [more] easy to be pronounced. (TA.) b2: احمرّ البَأْسُ (tropical:) War, or the war, became vehement, or fierce: (S, A, IAth, Msb, K:) or the fire of war burned fiercely. (TA.) 11 إِحْمَاْرَّ see 9, in two places. Q. Q. 2 تَحَمْيَرَ: see 2. b2: Also He (a man, TA) became evil in disposition. (K.) حَمرٌ, applied to a horse &c.: see حَمِرَ.

A2: Also A man burning with anger and rage: pl. حَمِرُونَ. (Sh.) حُمَرٌ (incorrectly written, by some physicians and others, ↓ حُمَّرٌ, with teshdeed, MF) and ↓ حَوْمَرٌ (which is of the dial. of the people of 'Omán, a form disallowed by MF, but his disallowal requires consideration, TA) The tamarindfruit: (K:) it abounds in the Saráh (السَّرَاة) and in the country of 'Omán, and was seen by AHn in the tract between the two mosques [of Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh]: its leaves are like those of the خِلَاف called البَلْخِىّ: AHn says, people cook with it: its tree is large, like the walnut-tree; and its fruit is in the form of pods, like the fruit of the قَرَظ. (TA.) A2: Also, the former word, Asphaltum, or Jews' pitch; bitumen Judaicum; syn. قَفْرٌ يَهُودِىٌّ. (Ibn-Beytár: see De Sacy's Abd-allatif,” p. 274.) A3: See also حُمَّرٌ.

حُمْرَةٌ [Redness;] a well-known colour; (Msb, K;) the colour of that which is termed أَحْمَرُ: (S, A:) it is in animals, and in garments &c.; and, accord. to IAar, in water [when muddy; for it signifies brownness, and the like: but when relating to complexion, whiteness: see أَحْمَرُ]. (TA.) b2: الحُمْرَةُ [Erysipelas: to this disease the term is evidently applied by Ibn-Seenà, in vol. ii. pp. 63 and 64 of the printed Arabic text of his قانون; and so it is applied by the Arabian physicians in the present day:] a certain disease which attacks human beings, in consequence of which the place thereof becomes red; (ISk, TA;) a certain swelling, of the pestilential kind; (T, K;) differing from phlegmone. (Ibn-Seenà ubi suprà.) b3: ذُو حُمْرَةٍ Sweet: applied to fresh ripe dates. (K.) b4: See also حِمِرٌّ.

حَمْرَى: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حَمْرَآءُ [originally fem. of أَحْمَرُ, q. v.]: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حِمِرٌّ Violent rain, (S,) such as removes the superficial part of the ground. (S, K.) b2: A severe night-journey to water. (TA.) A2: The most copious portion of rain; and violence thereof. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The violence, vehemence, or intenseness, of anything; as also ↓ حِمِرَّةٌ and ↓ حُمْرَةٌ. (TA.) b3: See also حَمَارَّةٌ, in two places. b4: Also The evil, or mischief, of a man. (K.) حِمِرَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حِمَارٌ [The ass;] the well-known braying quadruped; (TA;) i. q. عَيْرٌ; (Az, S;) applied to the male; (Msb;) both domestic and wild: (Az, K:) the former is also called حِمَارٌ أَهْلِىٌّ; (Msb;) and the latter, حِمَارٌ وَحْشِىٌّ, (K,) and حِمَارُ الوَحْشِ, and ↓ يَحْمُورٌ: (S, K:) أَتَانٌ is the appellation applied to the female; and sometimes ↓ حِمَارَةٌ: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْمِرَةٌ and [of mult.]

↓ حَمِيرٌ [more properly termed a quasi-pl. n.] and حُمُرٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُمْرٌ (S) and حُمُورٌ and ↓ مَحْمُورَآءُ, (K,) the last [a quasi-pl. n.] of a very rare form [of which see instances voce شَيْخٌ], (TA,) and حُمُرَاتٌ, (S, K,) which is said to be a pl. of حُمُرٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] مُقَييِّدَةُ الحِمَارِ (assumed tropical:) A stony tract, of which the stones are black and worn and crumbling, as though burned with fire; syn. حَرَّةٌ: because the wild ass is impeded in it, and is as though he were shackled. (TA.) b3: and [hence,] بَنُو مُقَيِّدَةِ الحِمَارِ (assumed tropical:) Scorpions: because they are generally found in a حَرَّة. (TA. [See an ex. in verses cited voce رُمْحٌ.]) A2: A piece of wood in the fore part of the [saddle called] رَحْل, (K, TA,) upon which a woman [when riding] lays hold: and in the fore part of the [saddle called]

إِكَاف: and, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, the stick upon which [the saddles called] أَقْتَاب [pl. of قَتَبٌ] are carried. (TA.) b2: The wooden implement of the polisher, upon which he polishes iron [weapons &c.]. (Lth, K. *) b3: Three pieces of wood, (T, K,) or four, (T,) across which is placed another piece of wood; with which one makes fast a captive. (T, K.) [The last words of the explanation are يُؤْسَرُ بِهَا.]) b4: حِمَارُ الطُّنْبُورِ [The bridge of the mandoline;] a thing well-known. (TA.) b5: حَمَارُ قَبَّانَ [The wood-louse; so called in the present day;] a certain insect; (S, K;) a certain small insect, (Msb, TA,) that cleaves to the ground, (TA,) resembling the beetle, but smaller, (Msb,) and having many legs: (Msb, TA:) when any one touches it, it contracts itself like a thing folded. (Msb.) The حمار قبّان is also called حِمَارُ البَيْتِ; app. because its back resembles a قُبَّة. (TA in art. قب, q. v.) b6: حِمَارَانِ Two stones, (S, K,) which are set up, (S,) and upon which is placed another stone, (S, K,) which is thin, (TA,) and is called عَلَاةٌ, (S,) whereon [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط is dried. (S, K.) b7: الحِمَارَانِ The two bright stars [a and حَمِيرٌ] in Cancer. (Kzw.) حَمِيرٌ Anything pared, or peeled; divested, or stripped, of its superficial part, peel, bark, coat, covering, crust, or the like; as also ↓ مَحْمُورٌ. (TA.) [See 1.] b2: Also, and ↓ حَمِيرَةٌ, i. q. أُشْكُزٌّ, i. e. A thong, or strap, (S, K,) white, and having its outside pared, (S,) in a horse's saddle, (K,) or with which horses' saddles are bound, or made fast: (S:) so called because it is pared. (TA.) A2: See also حِمَارٌ.

حَمَارَةٌ: see حَمَارَّةٌ.

حِمَارَةٌ: see حِمَارٌ. b2: Also A great, (K,) or great and wide, (TA,) mass of stone, or rock: (K:) and stones set up around a watering-trough or tank, to prevent its water from flowing forth: (S:) and a stone, (K,) or stones, (S,) set up around the booth in which a hunter lurks: (S, K:) but J should have said that حَمَائِرُ signifies stones: that حِمَارَةٌ is the sing.: that this latter signifies any wide stone: and the pl., stones that are set round a watering-trough or tank, to prevent the water from overflowing: (IB:) and حَمَائِرُ المَآءِ signifies four large and smooth masses of stone at the head of the well, upon which the drawer of the water stands. (TA in art. خلق.) Also, the sing., A wide stone that is put upon a trench or an oblong excavation, in the side of a grave, in which the corpse is placed: (K:) or upon a grave: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: A piece of wood in the [woman's vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (K.) b4: Three sticks, or pieces of palm-branches, having their [upper] ends bound together and their feet set apart, upon which the [vessel of skin called]

إِدَاوَة is hung, in order that the water may become cool. (TA.) And its pl., حَمَائِرُ, Three pieces of wood bound together [in like manner], upon which is put the وَطْب [or milk-skin], in order that the [insect called] حُرْقُوص may not eat it. (TA.) b5: حِمَارَةُ القَدَمِ, (K,) or القدم ↓ حمارّة [thus, without any vowel-sign written], with teshdeed to the ر, (IAth,) The elevated, or protuberant, part of the foot, above the toes (K, TA) and their joints, where the food of the thief is directed, in a trad., to be cut off. (TA.) حِمَارِىٌّ Of, or relating to, asses; asinine.]

حِمَارِيَّةٌ [Asinineness]. (A in art. خطب.) حَمِيرَةٌ: see حَمِيرٌ.

حُمَيْرَآءُ dim. of حَمْرَآءُ, fem. of أَحْمَرُ, q. v.

الحِمْيَرِيَّةُ The language, or dialect, of [the race of] Himyer, who had words and idioms different from those of the rest of the Arabs. (TA.) حَمَارٌّ: see what next follows.

حَمَارَّةٌ, (S, K, &c.,) a word of a rare form, of which the only other instances are said to be حَبَالَّةٌ and زَرَافَّةٌ and زَعَارَّةٌ and سَبَارَّةٌ and صَبَارَّةٌ and عَبَالَّةٌ, (TA,) and sometimes ↓ حَمَارَةٌ, without teshdeed, in poetry, (S, K,) and in prose also, as is said by Lh and others, (TA,) (tropical:) The intenseness of heat (Lth, Ks, S, A, K) of summer; (Lth, Ks, S, A;) and so ↓ حَمْرَآءُ; (TA;) which also signifies the same in relation to the noon, or summer-noon; (K;) and ↓ حَمْرَى, (Az, TA in art. بيض,) and ↓ حِمِرٌّ: (TA:) or the most intense heat of summer; (TA;;) as also ↓ حِمِرٌّ: (K, TA:) and sometimes, though rarely, used in relation to winter [as signifying the intenseness of cold; like صَبَارَّةٌ]: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَمَارٌّ. (S.) A2: See also حِمَارَةٌ, last sentence.

حُمَّرٌ and ↓ حُمَرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is the more common, (S, Msb,) [coll. gen. ns.,] A kind of bird, (S, Msb, K,) like the sparrow: (S, Msb:) accord. to Es-Sakháwee, the lark; syn. قُبَّرٌ [q. v.]: and حُمَّرَةٌ is said in the Mujarrad to be an appellation applied by the people of El-Medeeneh to the [bird commonly called] بُلْبُل; as also نُغَرَةٌ: (Msb:) حُمَّرَةٌ and حُمَرَةٌ are the ns. of un.: (S, Msb, K:) pl. حُمَّرَاتٌ (S, TA) [and حُمَرَاتٌ].

A2: See also حُمَرٌ.

حَمَّارٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ. b2: Also A seller of asses. (TA.) حَمَّارَةٌ, [a coll. gen. n.,] Owners, or attendants, of asses (S, K, TA) in a journey; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حَامِرَةٌ: (K:) n. un. ↓ حَمَّارٌ (S, TA) and ↓ حَامِرٌ. (TA.) A2: See also مِحْمَرٌ, in two places.

حَامِرٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ.

حَوْمَرٌ: see حُمَرٌ.

حَامِرَةٌ: see حَمَّارَةٌ.

أَحْمَرُ [Red: and also brown, or the like:] a thing of the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ: (Msb, K:) it is in animals, and in garments &c.; and, accord. to IAar, in water [when muddy]: and so ↓ يَحْمُورٌ: (K:) fem. of the former حَمْرَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. حُمْرٌ and حُمْرَانٌ: (K:) or when it means dyed with the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ, the pl. is حُمْرٌ (S, Msb) and حُمْرَانٌ; for you say ثِيَابٌ حُمْرٌ and حُمْرَانٌ [red garments]: (TA:) but if you apply it as an epithet to a man, [in which case it has other meanings than those explained above, as will be shown in what follows,] the pl. is أَحَامِرُ (S) and حُمْرٌ: (TA:) or if it means a thing having the colour termed حُمْرَةٌ, the pl. is أَحَامِرُ, because, in this case, it is a subst., not an epithet. (Msb.) ↓ أَحْمَرِىٌّ also signifies the same as أَحْمَرُ: (Ham p. 379:) or, as some say, it has an intensive sense. (TA voce كَرُوبِيُّونَ.) It is said in the S, in art. دك, that حَمْرَاوَاتٌ is a pl. of حَمْرَآءُ, like as دَكَّاوَاتٌ, is of دَكَّآءُ; but it is not so. (IB in that art.) b2: Applied to a camel, Of a colour like that of saffron when a garment is dyed with it so that it stands up by reason of [the thickness of] the dye: (TA:) or of an unmixed red colour; (As, S in art. كمت, and TA;) and so the fem. when applied to a she-goat. (TA.) It is said that, of she-camels, the حَمْرَآء is the most able to endure the summer midday-heat; and the وَرْقَآء, to endure nightjourneying; and that the صَهْبَآء is the most notable and the most beautiful to look at: so said Aboo-Nasr En-Na'ámee: and the Arabs say that the best of camels are the حُمْر and the صُهْب. (TA.) [Hence,] حُمْرُ النَّعَمِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The high-bred, or excellent, of camels: and is proverbially applied to anything highly prized, precious, valuable, or excellent. (Mgh, Msb.) b3: Applied to a man, (AA, Sh, Az,) White (AA, Sh, Az, K) in complexion; (Az;) because أَبْيَضُ might be considered as of evil omen [implying the meaning of leprosy]: (AA, Sh:) or, accord. to Th, because the latter epithet, applied to a man, was only used by the Arabs as signifying “ pure,” or “ free from faults: ” but they sometimes used this latter epithet in the sense of “ white in complexion,”

applied to a man &c.: (IAth:) fem., in the same sense, حَمْرَآءُ: the dim. of which, ↓ حُمَيْرَآءُ, occurs in a trad., applied to 'Áïsheh. (K, * TA.) So, accord. to some, in the trad., بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الأَحْمَرِ وَالأَسْوَدِ, (TA,) i. e. I have been sent to the white and the black; because these two epithets comprise all mankind: (Az, TA:) [therefore, by the former we should understand the white and the red races; and by the latter, the negroes: but some hold that by the former are meant the foreigners, and] by the latter are meant the Arabs. (TA.) One says also, [when speaking of Arabs and more northern races,] أَتَانِى كُلُّ أَسْوَدَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَحْمَرَ, meaning Every Arab of them, and foreigner, came to me: and one should not say, in this sense, أَبْيَضَ. (AA, As, S.) الحَمْرَآءُ, also, is applied to The foreigners (العَجَمُ) [collectively]; (S, A, K;) because a reddish white is the prevailing hue of their complexion: (S:) or the Persians and Greeks: or those foreigners mostly characterized by whiteness of complexion; as the Greeks and Persians. (TA.) You say, لَيْسَ فِى

الحَمْرَآءِ مِثْلُهُ There is not among the foreigners (العَجَم) the like of him. (A.) And accord. to some, الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ means The Arabs and the foreigners. (TA.) الحَمْرَآءُ [so in the TA, but correctly أَبْنَآءُ الحَمْرَآءِ,] is an appellation applied to Emancipated slaves: and اِبْنُ حَمْرَآءِ العِجَانِ, meaning Son of the female slave, is an appellation used in reviling and blaming. (TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) A man having no weapons with him: pl. حُمْرٌ (A, K) and حُمْرَانٌ. (K.) b5: الحُسْنُ أَحْمَرُ meansBeauty is in الحُمْرَة [app. fairness of complexion; i. e. beauty is fair-complexioned]: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) beauty is attended by difficulty; i. e. he who loves beauty must bear difficulty, or distress: (IAth:) or the lover experiences from beauty what is experienced from war. (ISd, K.) b6: الأَحْمَرُ A sort of dates: (K:) so called because of their colour. (TA.) b7: الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ Gold and silver. (TA.) And الأَحْمَرَانِ Flesh-meat and wine; (S, A, K;) said to destroy men: (S:) so in the saying, نَحْنُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الأَسْوَدَيْنِ لَا الأَحْمَرَيْنِ We are of the people of dates and water, not of flesh-meat and wine: (A:) or the beverage called نَبِيذ and flesh-meat. (IAar.) Also Wine and [garments of the kind called] بُرُود. (Sh.) and Gold and saffron; (Az, ISd, K;) said to destroy women; i. e. the love of ornaments and perfumes destroys them: (Az:) or these are called الأَصْفَرَانِ; (AO, TA;) and milk and water, الأَبْيَضَانِ; (TA;) and dates and water, الأَسْوَدَانِ. (A, TA.) And الأَحَامِرَةُ Flesh-meat and wine and [the perfume called] الخَلُوق: (S, K:) or gold and flesh-meat and wine; as also الأَخَاضِرُ: (TA in art. خضر:) or gold and saffron and الخَلُوق. (ISd, TA.) b8: المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ (assumed tropical:) Slaughter; (L, K;) because it occasions the flowing of blood: (TA:) and [so in the L, but in the K “ or ”] (tropical:) violent death: (S, A, L, K:) or death in which the sight of the man becomes dim by reason of terror, so that the world appears red and black before his eyes: (A 'Obeyd:) or it may mean (assumed tropical:) recent, fresh, death; from the phrase next following. (As.) b9: وَطْأَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ (tropical:) A new, or recent, footstep, or footprint: opposed to دَهْمَآءُ. (As, S, A.) b10: سَنَةٌ حَمْرَآءُ (tropical:) A severe year; (S, K;) because it is a mean between the سَوْدَآء and the بَيْضآء: or a year of severe drought; because, in such a year, the tracts of the horizon are red: (TA:) when الجَبْهَةُ [the tenth Mansion of the Moon (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ in art. نزل)] breaks its promise [of bringing rain], the year is such as is thus called. (AHn.) b11: See also حَمْرَآءُ voce حَمَارَّةٌ. b12: جَآءَ بِغَنَمِهِ حُمْرَ الكُلَى, and, in like manner, سُودَ البُطُونِ, (tropical:) He brought his sheep or goats, in a lean, or an emaciated, state. (A, * TA.) أَحْمَرِىٌّ: see أَحْمَرُ.

تَحْمِيرٌ [an inf. n. (of حَمَّرَ) used as a subst.] A bad kind of tanning. (K. [For دِبْغٌ in the CK, I read دَبْغٌ, as in other copies of the K.]) مِحْمَرٌ i. q. مِحْلَأٌ; (K; in the CK مِحْلاء;) i. e. The iron instrument, or stone, with which one shaves off the hair and dirt on the surface of a hide, and with which one skins. (L, TA. [But for the last words of the explanation in those two lexicons, ينشف به, I read يُنْتَقُ بِهِ.]) A2: Also, (S, TA,) in the K, [and in a copy of the A,] مَحَمَّرٌ, which is a mistake, (TA,) A horse got by a stallion of generous, or Arabian, race, out of a mare not of such a race; or not of generous birth; or a jade; syn. هَجِينٌ; (S, A, K;) in Persian, پَالَانِىْ; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَمَّارَةٌ: (K:) or a horse of mean race, that resembles the ass in his slowness of running: and a bad beast: (TA:) pl. مَحَامِرُ (S, A, TA) and مَحَامِيرُ: (TA:) and accord. to the T, ↓ حَمَّارَةٌ signifies [not as it is explained above, as a sing., but] i. q. مَحَامِرُ; and Z explains it as an epithet applied to horses, signifying that run like asses. (TA.) b2: Also An ignoble, or a mean, man: (K, * TA:) and a man who will not give unless pressed and importuned. (K, * TA.) المُحَمِّرَةٌ A sect of the خُرَّمِيَّة, who opposed the مُبَيِّضَة (S, K) and the مُسَوِّدَة: (TA:) a single person thereof was called مُحَمِّرٌ: (S, K:) they made their ensigns red, in opposition to the مسوّدة of the Benoo-Háshim; and hence they were thus called, like as the حَرُورِيَّة were called المُبَيِّضَةُ because their ensigns in war were white. (T.) مَحْمُورٌ: see حَمِيرٌ.

مَحْمُورَآءُ: see حِمَارٌ يَحْمُورٌ The wild ass: see حِمَارٌ: (S, Mgh, K:) or a certain kind of wild animal: (Mgh:) [the oryx; to which the name is generally applied; and so in Hebrew: see also بَقَرُ الوَحْشِ, in art. بقر:] a certain beast (K, TA) resembling the she-goat. (TA.) b2: And A certain bird. (K.) A2: See also أَحْمَرُ.

حمس

1 حَمِسَ, aor. ـَ (S, A, K,) inf. n. حَمَسٌ (S) and حَمَاسَةٌ, (Ham p. 2,) He was, or became, hard, firm, strong, strict, or rigorous, in religion, and in fight, (S, A, K,) and in courage, (TA,) and in an affair. (Ham p. 2) [See also 5.] b2: (tropical:) It (an affair, or a case, TA) was, or became, severe, rigorous, distressful, or afflictive: (K, TA:) and (tropical:) it (war, or the clamour thereof, الوَغَى,) was, or became, hot, (A, TA,) or vehement. (TA.) b3: حَمَسَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْسٌ, He (a man) was, or became, courageous. (Sb, TA.) 5 تحمّس He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strictness, or rigour, (S, A, Mgh,) in his religion. (A, Mgh, K.) b2: He (a man) feigned disobedience; syn. تَعَاصَى. (S, TA.) b3: He protected, or defended, himself, (syn. تَحَرَّمَ,) بِهِ by means of him. (Sh, TA.) 6 تحامسوا They vied with, strove to surpass, or contended for superiority with, one another in strength, (تَشَادّوا,) and fought one another. (TA.) حَمِسٌ: see أَحْمَسُ, in three places.

حَمَاسٌ Hardness; firmness; strength: defence: conflict. (TA.) [See also حَمَاسَةٌ.]

حَمِيسٌ Vehement. (TS, K.) So in the saying of Ru-beh, لَا قَيْنَ مِنْهُ حَمَسًا حَمِيسَا [They experienced from it vehement strength]: (TS, TA:) or, as Az says, strength and courage. (TA.) b2: See also أَحْمَسُ, in two places.

حَمَاسةٌ Courage: (S, K, TA:) defence: conflict. [See also حَمِسَ.]

أَحْمَسُ Hard, firm, strong, strict, or rigorous, in religion, and in fight, (S, K,) and in courage; (TA;) as also ↓ حَمِسٌ: (S, K:) pl. of the former, حُمْسٌ. (K.) b2: Hence, A pious man, who carefully abstains from unlawful things: because he exceeds the usual bounds in matters of religion, and is hard to himself; as also ↓ مُتَحَمِّسٌ. (TA.) b3: Sing. of الحُمْسُ, (Mgh,) which latter is an epithet applied to The tribes of Kureysh (S, A, K) and Kináneh (S, K) and Jedeeleh, (K,) i. e. Jedeeleh of Keys, consisting of [the tribes of] Fahm and and 'Adwán the two sons of 'Amr the son of Keys the son of 'Eylán, and the Benoo- 'Ámir Ibn-Saasa'ah, (AHeyth, TA,) and their followers in the Time of Ignorance; (K;) or to Kureysh and their coreligionists; (Mgh;) because of the hardships which they imposed upon themselves in matters of religion, (S, A, Mgh, K,) as well as in courage, (TA,) for they used not to enjoy the shade in the days of Minè, nor to enter the houses by their doors, (S, Mgh, TA,) while they were in the state of إِحْرَام, (TA,) nor to clarify butter, nor to pick up [dung such as is called] جَلَّة, (S, L,) or بَعْر, (TA,) [for fuel,] and they dwelt in the Haram, (AHeyth, TA,) and did not go forth in the days of the مَوْسِم to 'Arafát, but halted at El-Muzdelifeh, (AHeyth, Mgh, TA,) saying, “ We are the people of God, and we go not forth from the Haram: ” (AHeyth, TA:) or they were thus called because they made their abode in the Haram: (Sgh, TA:) or because they betook themselves for refuge to the حَمْسَآء (الحَمْسَآءُ), which is the Kaabeh, so called because its stones are white inclining to blackness: (K:) the Benoo-'Ámir were of the حُمْس, though not of the inhabitants of the Haram, because their mother was of the tribe of Kureysh: the term الأَحْمَاسُ also, [pl. of ↓ حَمِسٌ or of ↓ حَمِيسٌ,] is applied to those of the Arabs whose mothers were of the tribe of Kureysh. (TA.) b4: Also Courageous; (Sb, S, K;) and so ↓ حَمِيسٌ and ↓ حَمِسٌ: (K:) pl. [of the first, masc. only,] أَحَامِسُ and [masc. and fem.]

حُمْسٌ and [of the second or third] أَحْمَاسٌ. (TA.) الأَحَامِسُ is also said to be applied to The tribe of Kureysh: or, accord. to some, to the Benoo-'Ámir, because descendants of Kureysh: the former is said by IAar. (TA.) b5: Hence, (A, TA,) وَقَعَ فِى هِنْدِ الأَحَامِسِ, (A, TS, K,) or لَقِىَ هِنْدَ الأَحَامِسِ, (L,) (tropical:) He fell into distress (A, L) and trial: (A:) or into calamity: (K:) or he died: (K:) or the latter phrase has this last meaning. (ISd, A, and TA in art. هند.) هِنْدٌ was the name of a courageous people of the Arabs. (A, TA.) b6: عَامٌ أَحْمَسُ, (S, A, K,) and سَنَةٌ حَمْسَآءُ, (K,) (tropical:) A severe year. (S, A, K.) They say also سِنُونَ أَحَامِسُ (tropical:) Severe years: (K:) the masc. form [of the epithet] being used because by سنون is meant أَعْوَامٌ; or the epithet being used after the manner of a subst.: (ISd, TA:) and سِنُونَ حُمْسٌ signifies the same: (K:) or the latter, years of hunger. (Az, TA.) b7: نَجْدَةٌ حَمْسَآءُ (assumed tropical:) Vehement [courage, or fight, &c.]. (TA.) b8: مَكَانٌ أَحْمَسُ (tropical:) A hard place: (S, K:) or a rugged and hard place: (A:) pl. أَمْكِنَةٌ حُمْسٌ. (K.) You say also أَرْضٌ أَحَامِسُ, with the pl., meaning, (tropical:) A sterile, barren, or unfruitful, and narrow, land: (A:) or a land in which is no herbage nor pasturage nor rain nor anything. (TA.) and أَرَضُونَ أَحَامِسُ (tropical:) Sterile, barren, or unfruitful, lands. (S, L.) مُتَحَمِّسٌ: see أَحْمسُ, second signification.

حرض

1 حَرِضَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَرَضٌ, (Msb,) His stomach became in a corrupt, or disordered, state: (K:) or he (a man) became in a corrupt, or disordered, state, and sick, or diseased, so as to defile himself in his clothes: [see حَرَضٌ, below:] or he became emaciated (lit. dissolved) by grief, or by excessive love: (S:) or he became at the point of death: (Msb:) and he suffered protracted disquietude of mind, and disease; as also حَرُضَ, aor. ـُ (K:) and حَرَضَ, aor. ـُ and حَرِضَ, inf. n. حُرُوضٌ (K) and حَرْضٌ, (TA,) he became heavily oppressed by disease; or constantly affected thereby so as to be at the point of death: (K:) or this last form of the verb signifies he died, or perished. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] حَرُضَ, and حَرَضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حُرُوضٌ, as in the L; not حَرِضَ, as in the K (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, low, base, mean, or sordid; unable to rise from, or quit, his place; a signification given in the K to حَرِضَ: or low, base, mean, or sordid; possessing no good: (TA:) [but of the correctness of one of the two forms here mentioned on the authority of the L, the author of the TA expresses a bout: app. with respect to the latter of them; for it is said,] حَرُضَ, inf. n. حَرَاضَةٌ and حُرُوضَةٌ and حُرُوضٌ, also signifies he (a man, TA) was, or became, low, base, mean, or sordid, and bad, corrupt, or vicious, and neglected, or forsaken; (K, TA;) as also حَرِضَ. (K: but only the former, حَرُضَ, is given in this sense in the TA.) A2: حَرَضَ as a trans. v.: see 4, in two places.

A3: حَرِضَ, aor. ـَ also signifies He picked up from the ground إِحْرِيض [or safflower]. (O, K.) 2 حرّضهُ: see 4.

A2: Also, inf. n. تَحْرِيضٌ, He rendered him free from, or rid him of, حَرَض [q. v.]; like as قَذَّيْتُهُ signifies “ I rid him of what is termed قَذًى. ” (TA.) [Thus it bears two contr. significations.] b2: And, [hence, perhaps,] (ISd, A, &c.,) inf. n. as above, (S, ISd, A, &c.,) He excited, incited, urged, or instigated, him, (Zj, S, ISd, K,) and roused him to ardour, (S,) عَلَى

القِتَالِ to fight, (Zj, S,) or عَلَى الشَّىْءِ to do the thing, (A, * Msb,) in order that he might be known to be such as is termed حَارِض if he held back from it: (Zj:) so in the Kur [iv. 86 and] viii. 66: (Zj:) or he excited, incited, urged, or instigated, him to apply himself constantly, or perseveringly, to fight: (TA:) [see 3:] and عَلَى الشَّىْءِ ↓ أَحْرَضَهُ, inf. n. إِحْرَاضٌ, signifies the same as حرّضهُ. (TS.) A3: حرّض, inf. n. as above, He had a حُرْضَة, i. e., a person entrusted with the office of turning about, or shuffling, the gamingarrows of the players. (TS.) A4: He employed the portion of his property set apart for traffic in حُرْض [q. v.], (IAar, K,) i. e. أُشْنَان. (TA.) A5: He dyed a garment, or piece of cloth, with إِحْرِيض [q. v.]. (IAar, K.) 3 حارض, (Ibn-'Abbád,) inf. n. مُحَارَضَةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) He contended with another in shuffling, or playing with, gaming-arrows. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See حُرْضَةٌ.]

A2: حارض عَلَى العَمَلِ, (Lh,) inf. n. as above, (Lh, K,) He applied himself constantly, or perseveringly, to work: (Lh, K:) and على القِتَالِ to fight. (Lh.) 4 احرضهُ It (disease, A, TA) pressed heavily upon him; or clave to him constantly: it caused him to be at the point of death; as also ↓ حَرَضَهُ: it corrupted, or disordered, his body, so that he became on the brink of death. (TA: [in which this last signification is said to be tropical: but accord. to the A, it is evidently not so.]) It (food) caused him to be sick, or diseased. (A.) It (love, AO, S) corrupted, or disordered, him. (AO, S, K.) b2: (tropical:) He corrupted, vitiated, marred, or destroyed, it; namely, a thing; as also ↓ حرّضهُ: (A:) and he annulled it; rendered it null, or void. (TA.) You say also, نَفَْسَهُ ↓ حَرَضَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْضٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He corrupted, or vitiated, or destroyed, himself, or his own soul: (K, * TA:) and احرض نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) he destroyed himself, or his own soul, by telling a lie. (TA.) And سُوْءُ حَمْلِ الفَاقَةِ يُحْرِضُ الحَسَبَ, occurring in a saying of Aktham Ibn-Seyfee, means (assumed tropical:) The ill-bearing of poverty annuls the grounds of pretension to respect. (TA.) A2: احرضهُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ: see 2.

A3: احرض (assumed tropical:) He (a man) begat evil offspring. (S, K.) حَرْضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, last sentence: A2: and see also what here follows.

حُرْضٌ, (Mgh,) or ↓ حُرُضٌ, (Msb,) or both, (S, K,) the former mentioned by Sb, but in some of the copies of his book written with fet-h (↓ حَرْضٌ), i. q. شَجَرُ الأُشْنَانِ [The trees, or plants, from which potash is obtained; the kind of plants called kali, or glasswort, &c.]; which are of the kind called نَجِيل: (Az, TA:) Aboo-Ziyád says that what is termed حُرْض is slender in the extremities (دُقَاقُ الأَطْرَافِ), but its tree is large, being sometimes used for shade, and affords firewood, and it is that with which people wash clothes; and he adds, we have not seen any حُرْض purer or whiter than some which grows in ElYemámeh, in a valley thereof called جَوُّ الخَضَارِمِ: (TA:) i. q. أُشْنَانٌ [q. v.]; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) with which the hands are washed after food. (TA. [But see حَرَّاضٌ.]) So in the Kur [xii. 85], accord. to one reading, (K,) the reading of El-Hasan El-Basree, (Sgh,) ↓ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حُرُضًا, (Bd,) meaning Until thou be like اشنان in dryness; as explained in the K, except that نُحُولًا is there erroneously put for قُحُولًا: (TA:) but EsSuddee disapproved of this reading. (Sgh.) A2: Also حُرْضٌ, [and app. حُرُضٌ also,] i. q. جِصٌّ [or Gypsum]. (TA.) حَرَضٌ Corruptness in the body, and in the intellect, (Ibn-'Arafeh, A, K,) and (assumed tropical:) in one's course of conduct, or tenets. (Ibn-'Arafeh, K.) [See 1.]

A2: A man in a corrupt, or disordered, state, and sick, or diseased, (S, K,) so that he defiles himself (يُحْدِثُ [but in some copies of the S this word is omitted]) in his clothes; (S;) as also ↓ حَارِضَةٌ and ↓ حَارِضٌ and ↓ حَرِضٌ; (K;) ↓ which last also signifies a man having his stomach in a corrupt, or disordered, state; and suffering protracted disquietude of mind, and disease: (TA:) also the first, (حَرَضٌ,) weary, or fatigued: (K:) and at the point of death; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَاِرضٌ; (K;) which last also signifies one near to dying, or to perishing; and having his body corrupted, or disordered, by disease, so as to be at the point of death, and so ↓ حَرِضٌ; (TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ مُحْرَضٌ signifies dying, or perishing, from disease, being neither living so as to be an object of hope, nor dead so as to be an object of despair: (T, TA:) حَرَضٌ also signifies emaciated (lit. dissolved) by grief, or by excessive love; (AA accord. to the S, or AO accord. to the TA, and K;) as also ↓ مُحْرَضٌ, (S,) or ↓ مُحَرَّضٌ: (K:) and heavily oppressed by disease; or constantly affected thereby so as to be at the point of death: so in the Kur xii. 85: (K:) [in the CK, حَرَضًا is her erroneously put for مَرَضًا:] or it there signifies heavily pressed upon by disease; or affected by constant disease: (Az:) or extremely aged; or old and weak: (Katádeh:) and anything withering: (TA:) [the following observation, which is inserted in the S after the first of the significations here given of حَرَضٌ used as an epithet, and in the K after a later signification which is said to be tropical, applies to it, when so used, in all its senses:] it is employed alike as sing. as pl. (Fr, S, K) and masc. (Fr) and fem.; (Fr, K;) being originally an inf. n.: (Fr, Msb:) or, like every inf. n. used as an epithet, it is for ذُو followed by the inf. n., and therefore has no dual nor pl. form: (Zj:) but some of the Arabs use ↓ حَارِضٌ as an epithet applied to a male, and ↓ حَارِضَةٌ as applied to a female; and these have duals and pls.: (Fr:) and sometimes حَرَضٌ has pls.; namely

أَحْرَاضٌ; (K;) which is also pl. of حَرِضٌ and of حَارِضٌ; or, accord. to the L, it is allowable as a pl. of حَرِضٌ, in the place of the more common pl. حَرِضُونَ; (TA;) and ↓ حُرْضَانِ; (K;) which is more approved; (TA;) and حَرِضَةٌ. (K: [this last being expressly said in the TA to be thus written, but in the CK it is written حَرَضَة.]) b2: Also, applied to a man, (A,) (tropical:) Possessing no good; (A, K;) like ↓ حَارِضَةٌ, (TA,) which latter is explained by As as signifying a man in whom is no good: (T, TA:) or the former, one whose good is not hoped for, nor his evil feared: (K:) and a bad man: (K:) and low, base, mean, or sordid; unable to rise from, or quit, his place; as also ↓ حَرِيضٌ and ↓ حَرِضٌ and ↓ مُحَرَّضٌ, (K, [this last, in the CK, written مُحَرِّض,]) or ↓ مُحْرَضٌ, (TA,) and ↓ إِحْرِيضٌ: (K:) or low, base, mean, or sordid; in whom is no good: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ حَارِضٌ signifies bad, corrupt, or vitious, and neglected, or forsaken; (K;) and so ↓ مَحْرُوضٌ, (TA,) and ↓ حِرْضَةٌ, of which the pl. is حِرَضٌ; (TA;) ↓ مَحْرُوضٌ also signifying made, or asserted, to be low, base, mean, or sordid; (K, TA;) and so ↓ حَارِضٌ, and ↓ حِرْضَةٌ; and this last signifying also having in him no good: (TA:) and حَرَضٌ likewise signifies one who does not take to himself arms, nor fight: (Lth, K:) its pl. is أَحْرَاضٌ (A, TA) and ↓ حُرْضَانٌ: (TA:) both these pls. signify weak men, who will not fight: (S:) and the former of them is explained as signifying the lowest, basest, or meanest, sort of mankind: and men corrupt in their course of conduct, or tenets: also the latter of them as signifying men who know not the place of their chief: and ↓ حَارِضٌ, of which the fem. is with ة, signifies a stupid man. (TA.) b3: Also, applied to a she-camel, Lean, or emaciated: (K, TA:) and ↓ حُرْضَانٌ, so applied, vile: and perishing, or dying; in which sense it is likewise applied to a male camel. (TA.) b4: Also, applied to language, or speech, (assumed tropical:) Bad; (K;) and so, by poetic license, ↓ حَرْضٌ; or this, accord. to Sgh, is a dial. var.: (L, TA:) and perishing: pl. أَحْرَاضٌ. (TA.) حَرِضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, in three places, near the beginning: b2: and again in the latter half of the paragraph.

حُرُضٌ: see حُرْضٌ, in two places.

حُرْضَةٌ The person called أَمِينُ مُقَامِرِينَ; (O, K;) [i. e.] the man who turns round about, or shuffles, the arrows [in the رِبَابَة], or who deals them forth, (الَّذِى يَضْرِبُ بِالقِدَاحِ, S, or يُفِيضُ القِدَاحَ, A,) for the players in the game called المَيْسِر, (S, A,) in order that he may eat of their meat [without having contributed to pay for the slaughtered camel]: (A:) like him who is termed بَرَمٌ, (S, A,) always a low, or mean, person, (S,) an object of dispraise: (A:) called thus because of his lowness, or meanness. (L.) b2: Also One who does not purchase flesh-meat, nor eat it unless he find it in the possession of another person. (A Heyth, Az.) حِرْضَةٌ: see حَرَضٌ, latter half, in two places.

حُرْضَانٌ: see حَرَضٌ, (of which it is a syn. and a pl.,) latter half, in three places.

حَرِيضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

حَرَّاضٌ One who burns حُرْض [kali, or glasswort, &c.] for قِلْى [or potash]; (K; [in the CK, لِلْقَلْى is erroneously put for لِلْقِلْىِ;]) one who makes a fire upon حُرْض for the purpose of procuring from it قِلْى; (S;) i. e. for the dyers; and ↓ إِحْرِيضٌ also signifies one who makes a fire upon أُشْنَان [or حُرْض]: it is said that [plants of the kind called] حَمْض are burned, in their fresh state, and then water is sprinkled upon their ashes, which in consequence are compacted, and become قِلْى [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: Also One who makes a fire upon masses of hard stone for the purpose of preparing thence نُورَة [or quick lime], or جِصّ [which is gypsum]. (S, K.) حَرَّاضَةٌ A place in which أُشْنَان [or حُرْض] is burned [for making potash]. (TA.) b2: Also A place for the preparing, by fire, of [quick lime, (see حَرَّاضٌ,) or] gypsum. (TA.) حَارِضٌ and حَارِضَهٌ: see حَرَضٌ, from near the beginning to near the end.

إِحْرِيضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, latter half: A2: and see also حَرَّاضٌ.

A3: Also Safflower; syn. عُصْفُرٌ; (S, A, K;) a general name thereof: or عُصْفُر that is put into cooked flesh-meat: or the grain thereof. (TA.) مُحْرَضٌ: see حَرَضٌ, in three places.

مِحْرَضَةٌ, with kesr, A vessel for حُرْض; (S, K;) made of wood, or of brass, and the like; (TA;) i. q. أُشْنَانَةٌ: (A:) pl. مَحَارِضٌ. (A, TA.) مُحَرَّضٌ: see حَرَضٌ; for each in two places.

مَحْرُوضٌ: see حَرَضٌ; for each in two places.

حشم

1 حَشِمَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَشَمٌ, (Msb,) He was, or became, angry; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احتشم: (Msb:) or the latter signifies he became angered. (TA.) b2: And He was, or became, confounded and stupified by shame; or ashamed and confounded or stupified, and remained speechless and motionless. (Msb.) See also 8.

A2: حَشَمَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْمٌ; (Msb;) or حَشِمَهُ, aor. ـَ (K;) He angered him; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احشمهُ, (IAar, S, Msb, K,) and ↓ حشّمهُ. (K.) And, accord. to Az (S) and El-Fárábee, (Msb,) حَشَمَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and حَشُمَ, (K,) He annoyed him, (S, Msb, K,) and said to him what he disliked, (K,) and angered him; (S, Msb;) namely, a man sitting with him. (S, Msb, K.) An Arab of chaste speech is related to have said, بَنِى فُلَانٍ ↓ ذٰلِكَ مِمَّا يُحْشِمُ, meaning That is of the things that anger the sons of such a one. (S.) b2: Accord. to IAar, (S,) حَشَمَهُ signifies He caused him to become confounded and stupified by shame; or to become ashamed and confounded or stupified, and to remain speechless and motionless; (S, K;) as also ↓ احشمهُ: (S, Msb, K:) and both signify it caused him to be affected with shame, shyness, or bashfulness; or to shrink; as in the saying, to one shrinking from food, مَا الَّذِى حَشَمَكَ, or ↓ أَحْشَمَكَ, What caused thee to be affected with shame, &c.? (TA.) A3: حَشَمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حُشُومٌ, He became fat, or in a good condition of body, after leanness. (K.) And حَشَمَتِ الدَّابَّةُ فِى أَوَّلِ الرَّبِيعِ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْمٌ, (TA,) or حُشُومٌ, (TK,) The beast obtained somewhat of the [herbage called]

ربيع, in the beginning thereof, and became fat, and in good condition, and large in the belly, (K, TA,) and goodly: (TA:) or, as En-Nadr says, حَشَمَتِ الدَّوَابُّ the beasts became in good condition. (S.) b2: مَا حَشَمَ مِنْ طَعَامِنَا He ate not of our food (K, TA) aught. (TA.) b3: مَا حَشَمَ الصَّيْدَ He hit not, or obtained not, or found not, the game, or object of the chase. (K.) A4: حَشَمَ, inf. n. حَشْمٌ (TA) and حُشُومٌ, (K,) He was, or became, fatigued, tired, or wearied. (K, TA.) The Arabs say, الحُسُومُ يُورِثُ الحُشُومَ Labour, or toil, occasions fatigue. (Yoo, TA.) 2 حَشَّمَ see 1.4 أَحْشَمَ see 1, in four places.5 تَحَشَّمَ see 8. b2: You say also, هُوَ يتحَشَّمُ المَحَارِمَ He guards against things forbidden. (TA.) 8 احتشم: see 1. b2: Also He felt, or had a sense of, or was moved or affected with, shame, or shyness, or bashfulness. (Msb.) احتشم مِنْهُ (S, Mgh, K) and عَنْهُ, (K,) and احتشمهُ, (S, Mgh,) or this last is not allowable except when مِنْ is meant to be understood, (TA,) signify the same; (S, Mgh;) i. e. He was ashamed of it, or abashed at him; or was ashamed to do it, or shy of doing it: (Mgh, K:) or it signifies, (Mgh,) or signifies also, (K,) he shrank from it, or him: (Mgh, K:) or, as some say, thus used it is vulgar; for حِشْمَةٌ, with the Arabs, is only anger: (Mgh:) but IB cites, from Kutheiyir, إِنِّى مَتَى لَمْ يَكُنْ عَطَاؤُهُمَا عِنْدِى بِمَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُ أَحْتَشِمُ as meaning [Verily I, when the gift of them two in my possession is not for what I have done,] am ashamed, or abashed: and in a trad. of 'Alee, respecting the thief, occurs the saying, إِنِّى لَأَحْتَشِمُ

أَنْ لَا أَدَعَ لَهُ يَدًا, meaning Verily I am ashamed not to leave him a hand; and I shrink from it. (TA.) [And ↓ حَشَمَ app. signifies the same; for,] accord. to As, (TA,) [the inf. n.] حُشُومٌ signifies The act of shrinking. (K.) You say also, إِنِّى

مِنْهُ ↓ لَأَتَحَشَّمُ Verily I abstain from it, or refrain from it, to shun blame, or through disdain and pride; disdain, or scorn, it; (أَتَذَمَّمُ مِنْهُ;) and am ashamed of it. (K.) A2: Also He was, or became, master of many حَشَم [or dependents &c.] and servants. (KL.) حَشَمٌ A man's special dependents, consisting of his family and slaves [and others], or his neighbours, who are angry on his account (K, TA) when an event befalls him; (TA;) as also ↓ حُشْمَةٌ; (Yoo, TA;) in the K, erroneously, حَشَمَةٌ; (TA;) and أَحْشَامٌ; (K;) which IAar thinks to be pl. of حَشَمٌ used in a sing. sense; (TA;) [for] this word is applied to one [of such persons] as well as to a pl. number: (K:) you say, هٰذَا الغُلَامُ حَشَمٌ لِى [This young man, or slave, is a dependent of mine]: (IAar, TA:) or حَشَمٌ signifies, (ISk, Mgh, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) a man's relations and household; (ISk, Mgh, Msb, K;) or his servants; (S, Msb;) and those who are angry on his account (ISk, S, Mgh, Msb) when an event befalls him; (Mgh, Msb;) for which reason they are thus called: (S:) or a man's followers; and those on whose account he should be angry: (Ham p. 614:) or the حَشَم of a man are those who are angry on his account; or those on whose account he is angry: (Har p. 164:) accord. to ISk, (Msb,) it is a word having a pl. signification, and having no proper sing.: (Mgh, Msb:) but some say that it has for its pl. أَحْشَامٌ: (Mgh:) and accord. to the K, ↓ حُشَمَآءُ [in the CK حَشْمَاء] signifies neighbours and guests; as though it were pl. of حَشِيمٌ, like as كُرَمَآءُ is of كَرِيمٌ: but [perhaps this should be أَحْشَامٌ; for] we find in the M, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَحْشَامِى, meaning These are my neighbours, and my guests: (TA:) and ↓ حُشُمٌ, with two dammehs, signifies slaves; (IAar, TA;) or, as some say, followers, whether slaves or free persons. (TA.) A2: Also An object of desire or quest; syn. طَلَبَةٌ [in the CK طَلَبَة]; and so ↓ حُشُومٌ. (K.) You say, هُوَ حَشَمُهُ It is his object of desire or quest. (TK.) حُشُمٌ Persons having, or possessing, (ذَوُو, as in the explanation of IAar, for which ذُو is erroneously substituted in the copies of the K, TA,) consummate shame, shyness, bashfulness, or pudency. (IAar, K, TA.) b2: See also حَشَمٌ.

حُشْمَةٌ (in the K, erroneously, حَشَمَةٌ, TA): see حَشَمٌ. b2: Also [in the CK, erroneously, حُشَمَة] A woman, or a wife; syn. مَرْأَةٌ. (K, TA.) A2: I. q.

ذِمَامٌ [app. as meaning protection, safeguard, or security of life and property]. (Yoo, K.) So in the phrase, لَهُ الحُشْمَةُ [Protection, &c., is due to him]. (Yoo, TA.) b2: Relationship. (K.) So in the phrase, فِيهِمْ حُشْمَةٌ [Among them is relationship]. (TA.) A3: See also حَشْمَةٌ.

حِشْمَةٌ Anger. (As, S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: and Shame, shyness, bashfulness, or pudency; (S, Msb, K;) and a shrinking (Lth, Mgh, K, TA) from one's brother in a place of eating, and in seeking, or requesting, a thing that one wants. (Lth, Mgh, TA.) It has been asserted, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) on the authority of As, (Msb, TA,) that it signifies only “anger:” (Mgh, Msb, TA:) but several authors have refuted this assertion, by showing that it occurs in trads. as meaning “shame.” (MF, TA.) b3: Also The act of annoying a person sitting with one, and saying to him what he dislikes; and so ↓ حُشْمَةٌ. (K.) حُشَمَآءُ, in the CK حَشْمَاء: see حَشَمٌ.

حُشُومٌ: see حَشَمٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: It is also an inf. n. of 1. (K.) حَشِيمٌ, (S, K,) in some of the copies of the S حِشِّيمٌ, which is app. a mistake, (TA,) [thus I find it in one of my copies of the S,] i. q. ↓ مُحْتَشَمٌ; (S, K;) i. e. Regarded with reverence, veneration, respect, honour, awe, or fear; (TA;) applied to a man. (S.) حَاشِمٌ A man being, or becoming, fat, or in a good condition of body, after leanness. (TA.) مَحْشُومٌ Angered. (TA.) [But it is implied in the S that it signifies Confounded and stupified by shame; or ashamed and confounded or stupified, and remaining speechless and motionless.] A poet says, لَعَمْرُكَ إِنَّ قُرْصَ أَبِى خُبَيْبٍ

بَطِىْءُ النُّضْجِ مَحْشُومُ الأَكِيلِ [By thy life, verily the round cake of bread of Aboo-Khubeyb is slow in becoming thoroughly baked: the eater is angered, or confounded and stupified by shame, &c.]. (S, TA.) مُحْتَشَمٌ: see حَشِيمٌ.

إِنَّهُ لَمُحْتَشِمٌ بِأَمْرِى Verily he is grieved and disquieted (مُهْتَمٌّ) by my affair, or case. (AA, TA.)

حسن

1 حَسُنَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) which may also be written and pronounced حَسْنَ, with the dammeh suppressed, (S,) and حَسَنَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حُسْنٌ (S, * Msb, K, * TA) and حُسْنَى, (Ham p. 657, and Bd in ii. 77,) He, or it (a thing, S, Msb), had, or possessed, the quality termed حَسْنٌ [which see below; i. e., was, or became, good, or goodly, (generally the latter,) beautiful, comely, or pleasing, &c.; and ↓ تحسّن often signifies the same, as in the phrase تحسّن عِنْدَهُ it was, or became, good, &c., in his estimation]: (S, K, TA:) and [in like manner] زَيْدٌ ↓ أَحْسَنَ means Zeyd became possessed of حُسْن. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) b2: One may not say حُسْنَ, transferring the dammeh of the س to the ح and making the former letter quiescent, except in one case; because it is [virtually, together with its agent expressed or implied, in this case,] a predicate: [see I'Ak p. 234:] this is allowable only in the case of a verb of praise or dispraise; حُسْنَ, in respect of the transference of the medial vowel, being likened to نِعْمَ and بِئْسَ, which are originally نَعِمَ and بَئِسَ: and thus one does in all verbs like these two in meaning: a poet says, لَمْ يَمْنَعِ النَّاسُ مِنِّى مَا أَرَدْتُ وَ مَا

أُعْطِيهِمُ مَا أَرَادُوا حُسْنَ ذَا أَدَبَا [Men have not withheld from me what I have desired, nor do I give them what they have desired: good, or very good, is this as a mode of conduct!]: meaning حَسُنَ هٰذَا أَدَبًا. (S, TA.) Yousay also, حَسُنَ زَيْدٌ, [meaning Good, or goodly, &c., or very good &c., is Zeyd! or] meaning بِهِ ↓ أَحْسِنْ [i. e. how good, or goodly, &c., is Zeyd! as also ↓ مَا أَحْسَنَهُ]. (B, TA in art. بِ.) 2 حسّنهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَحْسِينٌ, (S,) He made it, or rendered it, حَسَن [i. e. good, or goodly, (generally the latter,) beautiful, comely, or pleasing, &c.]; (K;) he beautified, embellished, or adorned, it; (S, TA;) as also ↓ احسنهُ. (TA.) You say, الحَلَّاقُ رَأْسَهُ ↓ أَحْسَنَ The shaver beautified, or trimmed, his head. (TA.) And الَّذِى

كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقَهُ ↓ أَحْسَنَ [Who hath made good, or goodly, everything that He hath created], in the Kur [xxxii. 6], means حَسَّنَ خَلْقَ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ [hath made good, or goodly, the creation of everything]. (TA.) b2: [See also تَحْسِينٌ.] b3: And see 10.3 إنِّى أُحَاسِنُ بِكَ النَّاسَ (S, TA) Verily I contend with men for thy superiority in حُسْن [i. e. goodness, or goodliness, &c.]. (TA.) [حَاسَنَ followed by an accus. is rendered by Golius, as on the authority of J, who gives no explanation of it, “Bene tractavit et egit. ”]4 احسن as an intrans. v.: see 1. b2: Also He did that which was حَسَن [meaning good, comely, or pleasing; he acted well]; (Msb;) he did a good deed: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [for] إِحْسَانٌ is the contr. of إِسَآءَةٌ: (K:) it differs from إِنْعَامٌ in being to oneself and to another; whereas the latter is only to another: (TA:) and it surpasses عَدْلٌ, inasmuch as it means the giving more than one owes, and taking less than is owed to one; whereas the latter means the giving what one owes, and taking what is owed to one. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, أَحْسَنْتُ إِلَيْهِ and بِهِ [I acted, or behaved, with goodness, well, or in a good or comely or pleasing manner, towards him; did good to him; benefited him; conferred a benefit, or benefits, upon him]: both signify the same: (S, TA:) and hence, in the Kur [xii. 101], قَدْ أَحْسَنَ بِى

إِذَ أَخْرَجَنِى مِنَ السِّجْنِ meaning إِلَىَّ [i. e. He hath acted well towards me, when he brought me forth from the prison]: (AHeyth, Az:) or, accord. to some, the verb in this case is made to import the meaning of لَطَفَ [which is trans. by means of بِ, i. e. He hath acted graciously with me]. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) b3: الإِحْسَانُ is also explained as meaning الإِخْلَاصُ [i. e. The being sincere, or without hypocrisy; or the asserting oneself to be clear of believing in any beside God]; which is a condition of the soundness, or validity, of الإِيمَان and الإِسْلَام together: and as denoting watchfulness, and good obedience: and as meaning the continuing in the right way, and following the way which those [of the righteous] who have gone before have trodden; this last being said to be the meaning in the Kur ix. 101. (TA.) A2: As a trans. v.: see 2, in three places. b2: احسنهُ also signifies (tropical:) He knew it: (S, K, TA:) [or] he knew it well; (Er-Rághib, Msb;) and so احسن بِهِ, as in the saying, هُوَ يُحْسِنُ بِالعَرَبِيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) He knows well the Arabic language. (MA.) Hence the saying of 'Alee, قِيمَةُ المَرْءِ مَا يُحْسِنُهُ (tropical:) [The value of the man is what he knows, or knows well]. (TA.) النَّاسُ أَبْنَآءُ مَا يُحْسِنُونَ is another saying of 'Alee, meaning (tropical:) Men are named, or reputed, in relation to what they know, and to the good deeds that they do. (TA.) b3: أَحْسِنْ بِهِ and مَا أَحْسَنَهُ: see 1, last sentence. You say also, ↓ مَا أُحَيْسِنَهُ [i. e. How very good, or goodly, &c., is he!]; using the dim. form; like مَا أُمَيْلِحَهُ [q. v.]. (S and K in art. ملح.) A3: Also He (a man, IAar) sat upon a high hill, or heap, of sand, such as is termed حَسَنٌ. (IAar, K.) 5 تحسّن: see 1. b2: Also i. q. تَجَمَّلَ [i. e. He beautified, embellished, or adorned, himself: and he affected what is beautiful, goodly, or comely, in person, or in action or actions or behaviour, or in moral character, &c.]. (TA.) [تَحَسَّنَتْ, said of a woman, occurs, in the former sense, in the S and K in art. رعد, and in the TA in art. نقط, &c.]

b3: دَخَلَ الحَمَّامَ فَتَحَسَّنَ He entered the hot bath and was shaven. (TA.) 6 تحاسن [He affected to be حَسَن (i. e. good, goodly, beautiful, comely, &c.), not being really so]. (A in art. صبح. [See 6 in that art.]) 10 استحسنهُ He counted, accounted, reckoned, or esteemed, him, or it, حَسَن [i. e. good, goodly, beautiful, comely, pleasing, &c.; he approved, thought well of, or liked, him, or it]; (S, K;) as also ↓ حسّنهُ, inf. n. تَحْسِينٌ. (Har p. 594.) Hence the saying, صَرْفُ هٰذَا اسْتِحْسَانٌ وَ المَنْعُ قِيَاسٌ [The making this word perfectly declinable is approvable, but the making it imperfectly declinable is agreeable with analogy]. (TA.) حُسْنٌ (S, K, &c.) and ↓ حُسُنٌ, which is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and ↓ حَسَنٌ, (MF, TA,) Goodness, or goodliness, [generally the latter,] beauty, comeliness, or pleasingness; contr. of قُبْحٌ: (S:) i. q. جَمَالٌ: (K:) but accord. to As, [when relating to the person,] حُسْنٌ is in the eyes, and جَمَالٌ is in the nose: (TA:) symmetry; or just proportion of the several parts of the person, one to another: (Kull:) or anything, moving the mind, that is desired, or wished for; such as is approved by the intellect; and such as is approved by natural desire; and such as is approved by the faculty of sense: in the common conventional language, mostly applied to what is approved by the sight: in the Kur, mostly to what is approved by mental perception: it is in accidents as well as in substances: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the pl. is ↓ مَحَاسِنُ, (S, K,) like مَلَامِحُ pl. of لَمْحَةٌ, and مَشَابِهُ pl. of شَبَهٌ, &c., (Har p. 9,) contr. to rule, (S, K,) as though pl. of ↓ مَحْسَنٌ or ↓ مُحْسَنٌ: (S accord. to different copies:) or, accord. to Lh and Eth-Tha'álibee, مَحَاسِنُ has no proper sing. (TA.) وَ قُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا, in the Kur [ii. 77], means And say ye to men a saying having in it goodness (قَوْلًا ذَا حُسْنٍ): or حُسْنًا may mean حَسَنًا: (Zj, TA:) and some read here حَسَنًا: and some, حُسُنًا, accord. to the dial. of El-Hijáz: and some, ↓ حُسْنَى, as an inf. n., like بُشْرَى: (Bd:) but AHát and Zj disallow this; the former saying that حُسْنَى is like فُعْلَى [as fem. of أَفْعَلُ denoting the comparative and superlative degrees], and therefore should have the article ال. (TA.) وَ وَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا, in the Kur [xxix. 7], means [in like manner] And we have enjoined man to do to his two parents what is good (مَا يَحْسُنُ حُسْنًا): (TA:) and here [also] some read حَسَنًا; and some, إِحْسَانًا. (Bd.) [See another ex. of a similar kind, from the Kur xviii. 85, voce إِمَّا, near the beginning of the paragraph.] b2: سِتُّ الحُسْنِ [The convolvulus caïricus of Linn.; abundant in the gardens of Cairo;] a certain plant that twines about trees and has a beautiful flower. (TA.) b3: See also حَسَنٌ.

حَسَنٌ Having, or possessing, the quality termed حُسْنٌ [which see above; good, or goodly, (generally the latter,) beautiful, comely, pleasing or pleasant, &c.]; (Msb, K, TA;) either intrinsically, as when applied to belief in God and in his attributes; or extrinsically, as when applied to war against unbelievers, for this is not good in itself: said to be the only epithet of its measure except بَطَلٌ: (TA:) and ↓ حَسِينٌ signifies the same, (IB, K,) because from حَسُنَ, like عَظِيمٌ and كَريِمٌ from عَظُمَ and كَرُمَ, (IB, TA,) and ↓ حُسَانٌ, (K,) but this is an intensive epithet, [signifying very good or goodly &c.,] (IB, TA,) and ↓ حُسَّانٌ, (K,) also an intensive epithet, (S, IB,) and ↓ حَاسِنٌ, (K,) [properly signifying being, or becoming, good or goodly &c.,] cited by Lh as used in a future sense, (TA,) and ↓ مُحَسَّنٌ as applied to a face: (K:) the fem. is حَسَنَةٌ, and ↓ حَسْنَآءُ, applied to a woman, (S, Msb, K,) though the corresponding masc. of this latter, namely, ↓ أَحْسَنُ, is [said to be] not used (S, K) as applied to a man [in the sense of حَسَنٌ], (S,) [but the phrase هُوَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا as meaning حَسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا is mentioned in the S in art. بيض, (see بَيَاضٌ, and see also the pl. أَحَاسِنُ in what here follows,)] and ↓ حُسَّانَةٌ: (S, K:) the pl. masc. is حِسَانٌ, (Msb, K,) pl. of حَسَنٌ used as an epithet; but when حَسَنٌ is used as a [proper] name, its pl. is حَسَنُونَ; (Msb;) and حِسَانٌ may also be pl. of حَسِينٌ; (TA;) and حُسَّانُونَ, (Sb, K,) pl. of ↓ حُسَّانٌ, which has no broken pl.: (Sb:) and أَحَاسِنُ القَوْمِ means حِسَانُهُمْ [the good, or goodly, &c., of the party, or company of men]: (K:) the pl. fem. is حِسَانٌ, (K,) like the masc., pl. of حَسْنَآءُ, and the only instance of its kind except عِجَافٌ, pl. of عَجْفَآءُ. (TA.) You say رَجُلٌ حَسَنٌ بَسَنٌ [A man very good or goodly &c.], using بسن as an imitative sequent [for the purpose of corroboration]. (S.) b2: [حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ A tradition of good authority; generally applied to one transmitted in the first instance by two or more relaters. b3: Also meaning Good, comely, goodhumoured, pleasing, or pleasant, discourse or talk.] b4: الحَسَنُ The bone that is next to the elbow; as also ↓ الحُسْنُ: (K:) or the extremity of the bone of the upper half of the arm next the shoulder-joint, because of the abundance of flesh that is upon it; the extremity of that bone next the elbow being called القَبِيحُ: (TA in art. قبح:) or the upper part of that bone; the lower part thereof being called القبيح. (Fr, TA in that art.) b5: A kind of tree, of beautiful appearance, (K, TA,) also called the أَلآء, that grows in rows upon a hill, or heap, (كَثِيب,) of sand; so called because of its beauty; whence the كثيب is called نَقَا الحَسَنِ: thus described by Az, on the authority of 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh. (TA.) b6: [And hence, perhaps,] حَسَنٌ signifies also A high كَثِيب [or hill, or heap, of sand]: (IAar, K:) whence it is used as a [proper] name of a boy. (IAar, TA.) A2: See also حُسْنٌ, first sentence.

الحُسَنُ: see أَحْسَنُ.

حُسُنٌ: see حُسْنٌ, first sentence.

حِسْنَةٌ A ledge (رَيْدٌ) projecting from a mountain: pl. حِسَنٌ. (K.) حَسَنَةٌ fem. of حَسَنٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Also, [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, A good act or action;] an act of obedience [to God; often particularly applied to an alms-deed]: (Ksh and Bd in iv. 80:) and the reward [of a good action]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) a good, benefit, benefaction, boon, or blessing: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) contr. of سَيِّئَةٌ [in all these senses]: (S, K:) as contr. of this latter word, it signifies any rejoicing, or gladdening, good or benefit &c. that betides a man in his soul and his body and his circumstances: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. حَسَنَاتٌ: (K, and Kur vii. 167, &c.:) it has no broken pl. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur iv. 80, it means Abundance of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, and comforts, of life; ampleness of circumstances; and success: and سَيِّئَة there means the contr. of these. (Er-Rághib, TA.) In the Kur xi. 116, الحَسَنَات is said to mean The five daily prayers, as expiating what has been between them. (TA.) b3: As an epithet, [fem. of حَسَنٌ,] it is applied to an accident as well as to a substance. (Er-Rághib, TA.) حُسْنَى: see حُسْنٌ, and أَحْسَنُ; the latter, in three places.

حَسْنَآءُ: see حَسَنٌ.

حُسَانٌ: see حَسَنٌ.

حَسِينٌ: see حَسَنٌ.

حُسَيْنٌ [dim. of حَسَنٌ. b2: Also] A high mountain: whence it is used as a [proper] name of a boy. (TA.) حُسَيْنَى One's utmost, [or rather one's best,] or the utmost of one's power or ability or deed or case: so in the saying, حُسَيْنَاهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا [His utmost, or best, &c., is, or will be, the doing such a thing]: and ↓ حُسَيْنَاؤُهُ means the same. (K, * TA.) حُسَيْنَآءُ: see what next precedes.

A2: Also A kind of tree, with small leaves. (K.) حُسَّانٌ; and its fem., with ة: see حَسَنٌ, in three places.

حَاسِنٌ: see حَسَنٌ. b2: [Hence,] الحَاسِنُ The moon. (AA, S.) أَحْسَنُ, fem. حَسْنَآءُ, pl. أَحَاسِنُ: see حَسَنٌ. b2: الأَحْسَنُ denotes the comparative and superlative degrees [of حُسْنٌ]; as in the phrase هُوَ الأَحْسَنُ [He, or it, is the better, and best; or the more, and most, goodly or beautiful or comely &c.]: (K:) ↓ الحُسْنَى is the fem.; as in the phrase الأَسْمَآءُ الحُسْنَى The best names; those of God; which are ninety and nine: (Jel in vii. 179:) it signifies the contr. of السُّوْءَى: (S, K:) the pl. of الأَحْسَنُ is الأَحَاسِنُ. (K.) In the saying, in the Kur [vi. 153 and xvii. 36], وَ لَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ اليَتِيمِ

إِلَّا بِالَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ [And approach ye not the property of the orphan, to make use of it,] except by that act which is best to be done with it, the meaning is, such an act as the taking care of it, and increasing it: (Bd:) or, as some say, the meaning is, the taking, of his property, what will [suffice to] conceal those parts of one's person that should not be exposed, and stay one's hunger. (TA.) [The fem.] ↓ الحُسْنَى is applied to accidents only: not to substances. (Er-Rághib, TA.) It means also, [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, That which is better, and that which is best. And hence,] The good final or ultimate state or condition [appointed for the faithful]: (K:) so, it is said, in the Kur xli. 50. (TA.) And The view, or vision, of God; (K;) accord. to some: but it is said that in the Kur x. 27, it means Paradise; and زِيَادَةٌ, which there follows it, means the view, or vision, of the face of God. (TA.) And Victory: and martyrdom: (Th, K:) whence, [in the Kur ix. 52,] إِحْدَى

الحُسْنَيَيْنِ [one of the two best things]; (K;) victory or martyrdom. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) and The saying لَا إِلَاهَ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ. (Jel in xcii. 6 and 9.) The pl. of ↓ الحُسْنَى is الحُسْنَيَاتُ and ↓ الحُسَنُ, (K, [the latter like رُجَعٌ pl. of رُجْعَى, but misunderstood by Freytag as syn. with المَحَاسِنُ, which next follows it in the K,]) neither of which is used without the article ال. (TA.) مَا أُحَيْسِنَهُ: see 4, last sentence but one.

تَحْسِينٌ a subst. of the measure تَفْعِيلٌ; (K;) or rather an inf. n. used as a subst.; (TA;) pl. تَحَاسِينُ: whence كِتَابُ التَّحَاسِينِ (K) [Caligraphy; or] deliberate, orderly, and regular writing; (TK;) [or close and compact writing, without spaces, or gaps, and without elongation of the letters;] contr. of المَشْقُ. (K. [See كِتَابُ مَشْقٍ.]) مَحْسَنٌ: see حُسْنٌ, and مَحَاسِنُ.

مُحْسَنٌ: see حُسْنٌ.

مُحْسِنٌ Doing, or who does, that which is حَسَن [meaning good, comely, or pleasing]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مِحْسَانٌ: (K:) or the latter [is an intensive epithet, meaning doing, or who does, much that is good, comely, or pleasing: or] means constantly doing that which is حَسَن. (TA.) b2: إِنَّا نَرَاكَ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ, in the Kur xii. 36, means (tropical:) Verily we see thee to be of those who know, or know well, the interpretation of dreams: (Ksh, Bd, TA: *) or (assumed tropical:) of those endowed with knowledge: or of the doers of good to the prisoners: (Ksh, Bd:) or of those who aid the weak and the sufferer of wrong, and visit the sick. (TA.) مَحْسَنَةٌ [A cause of good: pl., app., ↓ مَحَاسِنُ; like as مَسَاوٍ, originally مَسَاوِئُ, is said to be pl. of مَسَآءَةٌ, originally مَسْوَأَةٌ]. You say, هٰذَا الطَّعَامُ مَحْسَنَةٌ لِلْجِسْمِ [This food is a cause of good, i. e. beneficial, to the body]. (S.) مُحَسَّنٌ: see حَسَنٌ.

مِحْسَانٌ: see مُحْسِنٌ.

مَحَاسِنُ The beautiful places [or parts] of the body: (K:) accord. to some, (TA,) the sing. is ↓ مَحْسَنٌ: or it has no sing.: (K:) the former opinion is disapproved by ISd.: the latter is the opinion of the grammarians and of the generality of the lexicologists: and therefore, says Sb, the rel. n. is ↓ مَحَاسِنِىٌّ; for if مَحَاسِنُ had a sing., it would be restored to the sing. in forming the rel. n. (TA.) You say, فُلَانَةُ كَثِيرَةُ المَحَاسِنِ Such a woman has many beautiful places [or parts] of the body. (TA.) And مَحَاسِنُ الوَجْهِ وَ مَسَاوِيهِ [The beauties of the face, and its defects]: (K in art. لمح:) [for] مَحَاسِنُ signifies the contr. of مَسَاوٍ. (S.) b2: [As contr. of مَسَاوٍ, it signifies also Good qualities of any kind: and also good actions; like حَسَنَاتٌ: agreeably with an explanation in the KL, نيكوئيها.] b3: See also حُسْنٌ: b4: and مَحْسَنَةٌ.

مَحَاسِنِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

بط

أ1 بَطُؤَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُطْءٌ (S, Msb, K) and بَطَآءَةٌ, with fet-h and medd, (Msb,) or بِطَآءٌ, like كِتَابٌ; (K;) and ↓ ابطأ; (S, Msb, K;) He was, or became, slow, tardy, dilatory, late, or backward; contr. of أَسْرَعَ; (K;) in his going or course, and in his gait [&c.]: (TA:) or the latter is said of a man; (S, Msb;) meaning [as above; or] his coming was late, or backward; (Msb;) [and is app. elliptical, for ابطأ مَشْيَهُ he made his pace, or going, slow, &c.; or the like; see اسرع:] and بَطُؤَ [denotes what is as it were an innate quality; see, again, أَسْرَعَ; or] is said of one's coming; [meaning it was, or became, slow, &c.;] (S, Msb;) بُطْءٌ being the contr. of سُرْعَةٌ. (S.) One should not say ↓ أَبْطَيْتَ for أَبْطَأْتَ. (S.) [See also 6.] b2: بَطُءَ ذَا خُرُوجًا: see بُطْآنَ.2 بطّأبِهِ [and بطّأهُ, inf. n. as below, It made him slow, tardy, dilatory, late, or backward;] it kept him, or held him, back; or put him back, or backward. (TA.) It is said in a trad., مَنْ بَطَّأَ بِهِ عَمَلُهُ لَمْ يُسْرِعْ بِهِ نَسَبُهُ Him whom his evil deeds keep, or hold, back, or put back, or backward, his nobility of lineage will not profit, [or advance, or put forward,] in the life to come, or in the world to come. (TA.) بِكَ ↓ مَا أَبْطَأَ and مَا بَطَّأَ signify the same [What made thee, or hath made thee, slow? &c.]; (S, TA;) and so مَا بَطَّأَكَ. (TA.) And you say, بَطَّأَ عَلَيْهِ بِالأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَبْطِىْءٌ; and بِهِ ↓ ابطأ; He delayed to him [the doing of] the thing, or affair. (K.) 4 أَبْطَاَ see 1 and 2; each in two places. b2: أَبْطَؤُوا Their beasts on which they rode were, or became, slow. (Az, S, K.) b3: مَا أَبْطَأَهُ How slow, or tardy, &c., is [he, or] it! (S.) 6 تباطأ [accord. to general analogy, He feigned, or affected, to be slow, tardy, &c.: or] he was slow, or sluggish; or he made delay; in going, or pace: and he held back from work, or action. (KL.) You say of a man, تباطأ فِى مَسِيرِهِ [He feigned, or affected, to be slow, &c., in his going, course, or pace]. (S.) 10 استبطأهُ (S, TA) He deemed him, or reckoned him, slow, tardy, &c. (KL.) You say, كَتَبَ إِلَىَّ يَسْتَبْطِئُنِى [He wrote to me, deeming me, or reckoning me, slow, &c.]. (TA.) بُطْءٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K.) b2: One says, in the dial. of Benoo-Yarbooa, (TA,) لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُ بُطْءًا يَاهٰذَا, and ↓ بُطْأَى, [I never did it, lit.] I did it not ever, O thou! i. e. الدَّهْرَ. (K, TA.) بُطْأَى: see بُطْءٌ.

بُطْآنَ ذَا خُرُوجًا, and بَطْآنَ, (S, K,) but the latter is extr., (TA,) i. q. ذَا خُرُوجًا ↓ بَطُؤَ [Slow, or very slow, or how slow, is this in coming forth!]; (S, K;) the fet-hah in [the last syllable of] بَطُؤَ is transferred to the ن of بُطْآن, and the dammeh of the ط [in the former] to the ب [in the latter]; the meaning being one of wonder; i. e. مَا أَبْطَأَهُ. (S, TA.) [بطآن is an enunciative placed before its inchoative: and, being originally بَطُؤَ, it may be a simple enunciative, or an enunciative having an intensive signification; as that verb signifies simply “ it was slow,” &c., and may be used as co-ordinate to رَمُوَ, meaning “ excellent is he in his shooting! ” &c., and قَضُوَ

“ excellent is he in his judging! ” &c.: or it may be equivalent to مَا أَبْطَأَ, as it is said to be in the S. See also سَرْعَانَ.]

بَطِىْءٌ Slow, tardy, dilatory, late, or backward; applied to a man, (S, Msb, TA,) and to a horse or the like: (S, TA:) pl. بَطَآءٌ. (S, K, TA.) b2: Also an imitative sequent to حَطِىْءٌ. (S in art. حطأ.) أَبْطَأُ More, and most, slow, &c. (Meyd, &c.) المَبْطَأُ for المَبْدَأُ is mentioned by AO. (TA on the letter ط.)