(ح ي ي) : (حَيِيَ) حَيَاةً فَهُوَ حَيٌّ (وَبِهِ سُمِّيَ) جَدُّ جَدِّ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحِ بْنِ صَالِحِ بْنِ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ حَيٍّ (وَبِتَصْغِيرِهِ) سُمِّيَ حُيَيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمَعَافِرِيُّ (وَبِتَأْنِيثِهِ) عَلَى قَلْبِ الْيَاءِ وَاوًا حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ (وَاسْتَحْيَاهُ) تَرَكَهُ حَيًّا وَمِنْهُ) «وَاسْتَحْيَوْا شَرْخَهُمْ» وَحَيَاةُ الشَّمْسِ بَقَاءُ ضَوْئِهَا وَبَيَاضِهَا وَقِيلَ بَقَاءُ حَرِّهَا وَقُوَّتِهَا وَالْأَوَّلُ أَظْهَرُ يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ الْعُرْفُ وَقَوْلُ ذِي الرُّمَّةِ يَصِفُ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ
فَلَمَّا اسْتَبَانَ اللَّيْلُ وَالشَّمْسُ حَيَّةٌ ... حَيَاةَ الَّتِي تَقْضِي حُشَاشَةَ نَازِعِ
أَلَا تَرَى كَيْفَ شَبَّهَ حَالَةَ الشَّمْسِ بَعْدَمَا دَنَتْ لِلْمَغِيبِ بِحَالِ نَفْسٍ شَارَفَتْ أَنْ تَمُوتَ فَهِيَ كَأَنَّهَا تَقْضِي دَيْنَ الْحَيَاةِ وَتُؤَدِّي مَا عِنْدَهَا مِنْ وَدِيعَةِ الرَّمَقِ بَعْدَ أَنْ ذَكَرَ مُشَافَهَةَ طَلَائِعِ اللَّيْلِ وَمُشَاهَدَةَ أَوَائِلِهِ فَأَيْنَ هَذِهِ الْحَالَةُ مِنْ بَقَاءِ قُوَّتِهَا وَحَرَارَتِهَا (وَحَيِيَ) مِنْهُ حَيَاءً بِمَعْنَى اسْتَحَيَا فَهُوَ حَيِيٌّ (وَقَوْلُ) ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - حَيٌّ أَيْ يُعَامَلُ مُعَامَلَةَ مَنْ لَهُ حَيَاءٌ لِأَنَّ حَقِيقَةَ الْحَيَاءِ انْكِسَارٌ وَآفَةٌ تُصِيبُ الْحَيَاةَ وَذَلِكَ لَا يَصِحُّ فِيهِ تَعَالَى (وَحَيَّاهُ) بِمَعْنَى أَحْيَاهُ تَحِيَّةً كبقاه بِمَعْنَى أَبْقَاهُ تَبْقِيَةً هَذَا أَصْلُهَا ثُمَّ سُمِّيَ مَا يُحَيَّا بِهِ مِنْ سَلَامٍ وَنَحْوِهِ تَحِيَّةً (قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى) {تَحِيَّتُهُمْ يَوْمَ يَلْقَوْنَهُ سَلامٌ} [الأحزاب: 44] فَإِذَا جُمِعَتْ فَقِيلَ وَتَحَايَا وَتَحَايَلُوا وَحَقِيقَتُهُ حَيَّيْتُ فُلَانًا قَلْتُ لَهُ حَيَّاك اللَّهُ أَيْ عَمَّرَك اللَّهُ وَأَحْيَاك وَأَطَالَ حَيَاتَك كَقَوْلِهِمْ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيُّ إذَا دَعَا لَهُ وَمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ لَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْك وَمَنْ فَسَّرَ التَّحِيَّةَ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ} [النساء: 86] بِالْعَطِيَّةِ فَقَدْ سَهَا وَكَذَلِكَ مَنْ ادَّعَى أَنَّ حَقِيقَتَهَا الْمُلْكُ وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ مَجَازٌ وَذَاكَ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانُوا يُحَيُّونَ الْمُلُوكَ بِقَوْلِهِمْ أَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ وَلَا يُخَاطِبُونَ بِهِ غَيْرَهُمْ حَتَّى إنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ إذَا تَوَلَّى الْإِمَارَةَ وَالْمُلْكَ قِيلَ لَهُ فُلَانٌ نَالَ التَّحِيَّة (وَمِنْهُ) بَيْتُ الْإِصْلَاحِ
وَلِكُلِّ مَا نَالَ الْفَتَى ... قَدْ نِلْتُهُ إلَّا التَّحِيَّةَ
أَيْ إلَّا الْمِلْكَ وَأَمَّا التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ فَمَعْنَاهَا أَنَّ كَلِمَاتِ التَّحَايَا وَالْأَدْعِيَةِ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى وَفِي مَلَكَتِهِ لَا أَنَّ هَذِهِ تَحِيَّةٌ لَهُ وَتَسْلِيمٌ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مَنْهِيٌّ عَنْهُ عَلَى مَا قَرَأْتُ «أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ كُنَّا إذَا صَلَّيْنَا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قُلْنَا السَّلَامُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ السَّلَامُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ فَقَالَ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - لَا تَقُولُوا السَّلَامُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ» إلَى آخِرِ الْحَدِيثِ وَحَيَّ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ الْأَفْعَالِ (وَمِنْهُ) حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ أَيْ هَلُمَّ وَعَجِّلْ إلَى الْفَوْزِ وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

سرول

Q. 1 سَرْوَلَهُ, (inf. n. سَرْوَلَةٌ, TA,) He clad him with سَرَاوِيل. (S, M, K.) Q. 2 تَسَرْوَلَ He clad himself, or became clad, with سَرَاوِيل. (S, M, K.) سِرْوَالٌ: see سَرَاوِيل, latter half, in two places.

سِرْوِيلٌ: see سَرَاوِيل, in the latter half.

سِرْوَالَةٌ: see the next paragraph, latter half, in two places.

سَرَاوِيل a Pers\. word, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) originally شَلْوَار, (MA, KL, [in the former loosely expl. by the word إِزَارٌ, and so in the PS,]) of well-known meaning, (S,) [Drawers, trousers, or breeches; originally applied to such as are worn under other clothing;] a certain under-garment; (MA;) [but now applied also to such as are worn externally;] is masc. [and perfectly decl., i. e. with tenween], and fem. [and imperfectly decl., i. e. without tenween]; (S, M, Msb, K; *) sometimes masc., (Msb, K,) but not known to As otherwise than as fem.; (M;) accord. to the usage most commonly obtaining, it is imperfectly decl. and fem.: (MF:) Sb says that it is a sing., and is a foreign, or Pers\., word, arabicized; resembling, in their [the Arabs'] language, what is imperfectly decl. [as a pl. of the measure فَعَالِيلُ] when determinate and when indeterminate; but is perfectly decl. when indeterminate; and imperfectly decl. if applied as a proper name to a man, and so is its dim. if so applied, because it is fem. and of more than three letters: (S:) or it is imperfectly decl. as a proper name because it is also originally a foreign word; and its dim., ↓ سُرَيْيِيل, [for سُرَيْوِيل, the و being changed into ى, as in سَيِّدٌ for سَيْوِدٌ,] is perfectly decl. unless used as a proper name, in which latter case it is imperfectly decl. [for the reason above mentioned or] because it is fem. and determinate: (IB, TA:) it (i. e. سَرَاوِيل) is made, as a pl., imperfectly decl. when indeterminate by some of the grammarians; (S;) and it occurs in poetry imperfectly decl. [when indeterminate]: (S, M, * IB, TA:) [but this may be by poetic license:] thus in the saying of Ibn-Mukbil, أَتَى دُونَهَا ذَبُّ الرِّيَادِ كَأَنَّهُ فَتًى فَارِسِىٌّ سَرَاوِيلَ رَامِحُ [The came as an obstacle intervening in the way to her, or them, the wild bull, as though he were a Persian youth in drawers; one with a pair of horns]: (S, * IB, TA:) the former [however] is the usual way, [contrary to what has been said on the authority of MF,] though the latter is more valid: (S:) the pl. is سَرَاوِيلَاتٌ: (S, M, Msb, K:) Sb says that it has no broken pl., because, if it had, it would be the same as the sing.: (M:) or, (K,) some say, (S, M, Msb,) namely those grammarians who make it imperfectly decl. when indeterminate, (S,) holding it to be [originally] an Arabic word, (Msb,) it is a pl. of which the sing. is ↓ سِرْوَالَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ سِرْوَالٌ (S, K) and ↓ سِرْوِيلٌ, which is [said to be] the only instance of a word of the measure فَعْوِيلٌ: (K:) [this, therefore, confirms the opinion that I hold, that the measure of this word is فِعْلِيلٌ, and that all the words of the present art. are quadriliteral-radical, agreeably with an assertion in the TA that سرل is not genuine Arabic: though it seems that all the lexicographers regard the و in the words of this art. as augmentative:] a poet says, فَلَيْسَ يَرِقُّ لِمُسْتَعْطِفِ * ↓ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اللُّؤْمِ سِرْوَالَةٌ [Upon him is an under-garment of ignobleness, (i. e. ignobleness cleaves to him like a pair of drawers,) so that he does not become tenderhearted to one who endeavours to conciliate him]: (S, * M:) in the “ Mujarrad,” سَرَاوِيلُ is made fem., and ↓ سِرْوَالٌ masc.: (Msb:) سَرَاوِين is a dial. var.; (K;) or syn. with سَرَاوِيل; the ن in the former being asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for the ل [in the latter]: (M:) and شِرْوَالٌ, with ش, is likewise a dial. var. [of سِرْوَالٌ], (K,) mentioned by Es-Sijistánee, on the authority of some one or more of the Arabs: (TA:) [the common modern pronunciation is شَرْوَال: pl. شَرَاوِيل.]

سُرَيْيِيل: dim. of سَرَاوِيل, q. v. (IB, TA.) مُسَرْوَلٌ Clad with سَرَاوِيل; as also ↓ مُتَسَرْوِلٌ. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] طَائِرٌ مُسَرْوَلٌ (tropical:) A bird whose plumage clothes its legs. (M, L, TA.) and حَمَامَةٌ مُسَرْوَلَةٌ (tropical:) A pigeon having feathers upon its legs. (S, K, TA.) And فَرَسٌ مُسَرْوَلٌ, (K,) or فَرَسٌ أَبْلَقُ مُسَرْوَلٌ, (A'Obeyd, S, TA,) (tropical:) [A horse, or a black and white horse,] whose whiteness of the legs extends (A'Obeyd, S, K) beyond, (A'Obeyd, K, TA,) or to, (S,) the arms and thighs: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or مُسَرْوَلٌ applied to a horse means white in the hinder part, [and black, or of some other colour, in the hind legs,] the whiteness descending to the thighs. (A, voce آزَرُ.) b3: And المُسَرْوَلُ signifies (assumed tropical:) The wild bull: because of the blackness that is in his legs. (Az, TA.) مُتَسَرْوِلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.