برح

1 بَرِحَ is syn. with زَالَ [in two senses; i. e. as an attributive verb, and also as a non-attributive verb; as will be shown by what follows]. (S, A, Mgh.) [Using it as an attributive verb,] you say, لَا أَبْرَحُ حَتَّى تَقْضِىَ حَاجَتِى I will not go away, or depart, or withdraw, (لَا أَزُولٌ, and لَا أَتَنَحَّىِ,) until thou accomplish my want: from بَرِحَ المَكَانُ, inf. n. بَرَاحٌ, he went away, or departed, from the place; syn. زَالَ مِنْهُ: and to be distinguished from the phrase in the Kur [xviii. 59, similar as to words,] mentioned below. (Mgh.) You say, بَرِحَ مَكَانَهُ, (S, A, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَرَاحٌ (S, L, K) and بُرُوحٌ (L, TA, and Ham p. 250) and بَرَحٌ, (L,) or بَرْحٌ, (as in a copy of the TA,) He went away, or departed, from his place; (S, L, K, and Ham ubi suprà;) and he became in the بَرَاح [or wide, uncultivated, or uninhabited, tract]. (S, L, K.) And مَا بَرِحَ مَكَانَهُ He did not quit his place. (Msb.) And بَرِحَ [alone], aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرَاحٌ, It (a thing) went away, or departed, (زَالَ,) from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ تبرّح. (L.) In the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ [There is, or shall be, no quitting of place, or going away, or departing], the noun is in the accus. case, as in لَا رَيْبَ: but it is allowable to put it in the nom. case, so that لا is used in the manner of لَيْسَ; (S, K;) as in the following saying of Saad Ibn-Málik, [in the TA, in one place, Ibn-Náshib,] in a poem of which the rhyme is with refa, (S, IAth,) alluding to El-Hárith Ibn-'Abbád, who had withdrawn himself from the war of Teghlib and Bekr the sons of Wáïl: (IAth, TA:) فَأَنَا ابْنُ قَيْسٍ لَا بَرَاحُ مَنْ فَرَّعَنْ نِيرَانِهَا [Whoso fleeth from its fires, (i. e. نِيرَانِ الحَرْبِ the fires of the war,) let him do so: but as for me, I am the son of Keys: to me there is not, or shall not be, any quitting of place]. (S, IAth. [See also Ham p. 250, where, for مَن فَرَّ, we find مَنْ صَدَّ whoso turneth away.]) [Hence,] بَرِحَتِ الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ The wind carried up, raised, or swept up and scattered, [lit. went away with,] the dust. (Msb.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] بَرِحَ الخَفَآءُ, (T, S, K, &c.,) and بَرَحَ, (Ibn-ElLihyánee, Z, and TA, [thus written in a copy of the A,]) (tropical:) The state of concealment departed, or ceased: or (tropical:) what was in a state of concealment became apparent; from بَرَاحٌ meaning “what is open and apparent” of land: or (tropical:) what I was concealing became apparent: (T, TA:) or (tropical:) the affair, or case, became manifest, (S, A, K,) and its concealment ceased, (A,) [or] as though the secret departed, and ceased: (S:) or, as some say, (assumed tropical:) the secret became apparent: (TA in art. خفى:) or, lit., the low ground became high and apparent; meaning (assumed tropical:) what was concealed became revealed: (Har pp. 133—4:) the first who said it was Shikk the Diviner. (IDrd, TA.) b2: [Using it as a non-attributive verb,] you say, لَا أَبْرَحُ

أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ I will not cease, or I will continue, (لَا أَزَالُ,) to do that: (S, A: *) and مَا بَرِحَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [he ceased not to do thus; or] he persevered in, or kept to, doing thus: (Msb:) and مَا بَرِحَ زَيْدٌ قَائِمًا [Zeyd ceased not to be, or he kept, or continued, standing]: in this case, the verb is of the category of كَانَ; (Mgh;) relates to time; and requires a predicate: and its inf. n. is بَرَاحٌ. (Ham p. 250.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xviii. 59], لَا أَبْرَاحُ حَتَّى أَبْلُغَ مَجْمَعَ البَحْرَيْنِ, but the predicate is suppressed: it may be مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ كَذٰلِكَ [i. e. I will not cease in that wherein we are thus engaged until I reach the place of meeting of the two seas]: (Mgh:) or it means لَا أَزَالُ

أَسِيرُ [I will not cease journeying]: (Bd, Jel:) or لا ابرح here may mean I will not depart (لَا أَزُولُ) from that upon which I am intent, namely journeying and seeking; and I will not relinquish it; so that it does not require the predicate. (Bd. [He gives a third explanation, paraphrastic and strained, which I omit.]) A2: بَرَحَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (L, TA, [but it is implied in the K that it is بَرُحَ, which is contr. to rule,]) inf. n. بُرُوحٌ, It (a gazelle, S, K, and a bird, and any wild animal, that is hunted or shot, TA) turned its left side towards the spectator, passing by (S, K *) from the direction of his right hand towards that of his left hand: (S:) or passed by from the direction of the spectator's left hand towards that of his right hand: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, L, Msb, in art. سنح:) [the former appears to be accord. to the usage of the Hijázees; and the latter, accord. to that of the Nejdees, in general: see بَارِحٌ:] contr. of سَنَحَ. (S.) A3: بَرَحَ, aor. ـُ [contr. to rule,] (K,) inf. n. بَرْحٌ, (TA,) He was angry. (K.) When a man has been angry with his companion, one says, مَا أَشَدَّ مَا بَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ [How violently angry was he with him!]. (L.) 2 بَرَّحَتْ بِيَ الحُمَّى The fever affected me with its severity, violence, or sharpness, termed بُرَحَآءُ. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) from بُرَحَآءُ, (S, K,) برّح بِهِ, inf. n. تَبْرِيحٌ, It (an affair, an event, or a case,) affected him severely; afflicted, distressed, or harassed, him: (S, K:) said also of anxiety; or disquietude, or trouble, of mind: (A:) and of a beating, meaning it hurt him severely, or greatly. (Msb.) Also said of a man, meaning He importuned him, or pressed him, with annoyance, or molestation: (A, TA:) he annoyed him, or molested him, by importuning or pressing; as also ↓ ابرح: (TA:) he annoyed him, or molested him, by distressing importunity or pressing: (T, TA:) and he punished, tormented, or tortured, him. (TA.) تَبْرِيحٌ signifies The act of annoying, molesting, or hurting: (Mgh:) and in a trad., (in which it is forbidden, TA,) the killing, or putting to death, in an evil [or a cruel] manner; such as throwing live fish, and lice, into the fire. (Mgh, TA.) A2: بَرَّحَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ May God remove from thee البَرْح [i. e. difficulty, distress, affliction, &c., or the difficulty, &c.]. (A, TA.) 4 ابرحهُ He made him, or caused him, to go away from, depart from, or quit, his place. (A, * L.) A2: He, or it, pleased, or rejoiced, him; excited his admiration and approval; induced in him wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy. (S, K.) One says also, مَا أَبْرَحَ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ How greatly does this affair, or event, please, or rejoice! how greatly does it excite admiration and approval! or how greatly does it induce wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy! (S.) b2: He treated him with honour, or honoured him, and magnified him: (S, K:) or, as some say, he found him to be generous, or noble. (TA.) b3: He judged him, or it, i. e. a man, (A, TA,) and a horse, (A,) or anything, (TA,) to be excellent, or to excel, (A, TA,) and wondered at, or admired, him, or it. (A.) A3: ابرح also signifies He exceeded the usual bounds, degree, or mode. (As, S, * TA.) You say, أَبْرَحْتَ كَرَمًا, and لُؤْمًا, (A, TA,) Thou hast done a thing exceeding the usual bounds [in generosity, or nobleness, and in meanness, or ignobleness]; or extravagant; or excessive. (TA.) b2: See also 2.5 تَبَرَّحَ see 1.

بَرْحٌ Difficulty, distress, affliction, or adversity; evil, or mischief; (K, TA;) annoyance, molestation, or hurt; severe punishment; trouble, inconvenience, or fatigue; (TA;) a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing or event: (Ham p. 135:) and annoyance, or molestation, by distressing importunity or pressing; a subst. from 2: (T, TA:) and بِنْتُ بَرْحٍ, [and app. اِبْنُ بَرْحٍ also,] a calamity, misfortune, or disaster; or a great, or terrible, thing, affair, or case; (TA;) as also ↓ بِنْتُ بَارِحٍ, and ↓ اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ; (K;) pl. بَنَاتُ بَرْحٍ and بَنُو بَرْحٍ. (TA.) [See also تَبْرِيحٌ.] You say, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا

↓ بَارِحًا I experienced from him, or it, [great] difficulty, distress, affliction, or adversity; [great] annoyance, molestation, or hurt; (S, A, * K; *) a phrase having an intensive signification, (K, TA,) like لَيْلٌ أَلْيَلُ [and لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ]; and so بَرْحًا

↓ مُبَرِّحًا. (TA.) When used as an imprecation, the more approved way is to put the two words in the accus. case: but sometimes they are put in the nom. case; as in the saying of a poet, ↓ بَرْحٌ لَعيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ [May great difficulty, &c., befall thy two eyes!]. (TA.) You say also, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَنَاتِ بَرْحٍ, (S, A,) and بَنِي بَرْحٍ, (S,) I experienced from him, or it, difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adverse events; and calamities, misfortunes, or disasters: (S:) and, in the same sense, ↓ لقيت منه البِرَحِينَ, and ↓ البُرَحِينَ, (S, K,) and ↓ البَرَحِينَ; (K;) or, accord. to some copies of the K, ↓ البِرْحَينِ, and ↓ البُرْحَيْنِ, and ↓ البَرْحَيْنِ, as duals; but the former reading is the more correct: (TA:) [MF disapproves of the form بَرَحِينَ, and it is not mentioned in the L; but the dual form بَرْحَيْنِ is there mentioned:] it seems as though the sing. of بَرِحِينَ [or بُرَحِينَ] were بِرَحَةٌ [or بُرَحَةٌ], and that the pl. is formed by the termination ون to compensate for the rejection of the ة, as is virtually the case in أَرَضُونَ; [or because the signification is regarded as that of a personification;] and that the pl. only is used. (L.) It is said in a prov., بِنْتُ بَرْحٍ شَرَكٌ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ [Calamity is, or be, a snare upon thy head]. (TA.) بَرِحٌ: see مُبَرِّحٌ.

صَرْحَةَ بَرْحَةَ, or صَرْحَةً بَرْحَةً, &c.: see art. صرح.

بُرْحَةٌ The best of anything: (TA:) and [particularly] one of the best of she-camels: (S, K:) or, of he-camels: (T:) pl. بُرَحٌ. (T, S, K.) You say, هٰذِهِ بُرْحَةٌ مِنَ البُرَحِ, (S, K, *) or هُوَ بُرْحَةٌ مِنَ البُرَحِ, (T,) This is a she-camel, (S, K, *) or he is a camel, (T,) of the best of camels. (T, S, K.) بَرْحَي a word that is said when one misses the mark in shooting or casting; like as مَرْحَي is said when one hits the mark. (S, ISd, A, K.) بُرَحَآءُ Severity, violence, or sharpness, (As, A, TA,) or vehement molestation, (S, K,) of a fever (As, A, S, K) &c.: (S, K:) [a paroxysm; used in this sense by modern physicians:] and vehement distress of mind arising from the oppression caused by inspiration or revelation; such as is said to have affected the Prophet; [but most probably a paroxysm of that species of catalepsy which physicians term ecstasy;] occurring in a trad. (TA.) You say of one suffering from fever, when it is intense, أَصَابَتْهُ البُرَحَآءُ [The paroxysm, or severe fit, has befallen him]. (TA.) البِرَحِينَ and البُرَحِينَ &c.: see بَرْحٌ بَرَاحٌ inf. n. of بَرِحَ, q. v.; whence the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ, explained above. (S, L, K.) A2: A wide, or spacious, tract of land, (S, A, K,) kaving in it no seed-produce nor trees: (S, K:) or land having in it no building nor habitation: (Ham p. 237:) and applied as an epithet to land, signifying wide, or spacious, open, or conspicuous, and having in it no herbage nor habitation: and what is open, uncovered, and wholly apparent, of land: (TA:) or a place having no trees nor other things to cover or conceal it; as though such things had departed; (Mgh;) a place free from trees &c.: (Msb:) or an elevated and open tract of land. (Har p. 134.) b2: حَبِيلُ بَرَاحٍ is an appellation given to (tropical:) A lion: and (assumed tropical:) a courageous man: as though each of them were bound with ropes, (K, TA,) and did not quit his place. (TA.) A3: An affair, a thing, or a case, that is plain, evident, or manifest; (K, TA;) or open, or public. (TA.) You say, جَآءَنَا بِالأَمْرِ بَرَاحًا [He told us, or did to us, the thing] plainly [or openly]. (S.) and جَآءَ بِالكُفْرِ بَرَاحًا وَ بِالشَّرِّ صُرَاحًا [He uttered, or committed an act of, infidelity plainly, or openly, and evil, or mischief, unmixedly]. (A, TA.) b2: Counsel, or an opinion, that is disapproved, or deemed evil. (K.) A4: بَرَاحِ, (El-Mufaddal, S, A, &c.,) and بَرَاحُ, with damm and without tenween, (Az, El-Mufaddal,) a name of The sun: (S, A, &c.:) determinate [and the former indecl.]: the sun is so called because of the spreading of its light, and its conspicuousness; or, being applied to the sun when it sets, براح means بَارِحَةٌ; like as كَسَابِ, a name applied to a hunting-bitch, means كَاسِبَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَلَكَتْ بَرَاحِ The sun set [or declined from the meridian]. (A, TA.) For this phrase, occurring at the end of a verse cited by Ktr, Fr reads دَلَكَتْ بِرَاحِ; راح being pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of رَاحَةٌ, meaning the “hand”

[or “palm of the hand”]: (S, TA:) accord. to which reading, the poet means The sun had set, or had declined from the meridian, while they put their hands, or the palms of their hands, over their eyes, looking to see if it had set, or had declined from the meridian: or he who says, دَلَكَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِرَاحِ means the sun had almost set: the two readings بَراح and بِراح are mentioned by A'Obeyd and Az and Hr and Z and others: Az says, دلكت بِرَاحٍ, with tenween, and بَرَاحٌ, without tenween. (TA.) [See also رَاحَةٌ, in art. روح.]

بَرُوحٌ: see بَارِحٌ.

بَرِيحٌ: see بَارِحٌ.

A2: Also The croaking of the غُرَاب [or crow, of whatever species, as raven, carrion-crow, &c.]. (L.) b2: [Hence,] اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ: so in the K: in the S, أُمُّ بَرِيحٍ; but IB and Aboo-Zekereeyà say that only the former is right: (TA:) [in one copy of the S, however, I find both of these:] The غُرَاب [or crow, as a generic term, applying to the raven, carrion-crow, &c.]: (S, K, &c.:) so called because of its cry: a determinate appellation: for the pl., the expression used is بَنَاتُ بَرِيحٍ. (TA.) b3: See also بَرْحٌ.

A3: قَوْلٌ بَرِيحٌ A saying by which one pronounces a person to have said, or done, right. (L.) بَارِحٌ, (S, K, &c.,) as also ↓ بَرُوحٌ and ↓ بَرِيحٌ, (K,) applied to a gazelle, (S,) or what is hunted or shot, (K, TA,) of gazelles and birds and wild animals [in general], (TA,) Turning his left side towards the spectator, (S,) passing from the direction of the right hand of the latter towards the direction of his left hand: (S, K:) or turning his right side towards the spectator, passing from the direction of the latter's left hand towards that of his right: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, A, * L, Msb, * in art. سنح:) contr. of سَانِحٌ: (S, * TA:) pl. بَوَارِحُ. (L in art. سنح.) The Arabs [who apply the epithet in the latter sense] regard the بارح as an evil omen, and the سانح as a good omen; because one cannot shoot at the former without turning himself: (S:) but some of them hold the reverse: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee and L in art. سنح:) the people of Nejd hold the سانح to be a good omen; but sometimes a Nejdee adopts the opinion of the Hijázee [which is the contrary]. (IB in that art.) The first of these epithets is also applied to a bird as meaning Inauspicious; ill-omened. (A.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ لِى بِا لسَّانِحِ بَعْدَ البَارِحِ (TA) i. e. [Who will be responsible to me] for a fortunate, or lucky, event, after an unfortunate, or unlucky? (K in art. سنح:) applied in the case of a man's doing evil, and its being said, “He will at a future time do good to thee:” originally said by a man on the occasion of gazelles' passing before him in the manner of such as are termed بَارِحَة, and its being said to him, “They will present themselves to thee in the manner of such as are termed سَانحَة.” (TA.) And in another prov. it is said, إِنَّمَا هُوَ كَبَارِحِ الأَرْوَى [It, or he, is only like the mountain-goat passing in the manner of such as is termed بارح]: for it dwells on the tops of the mountains, and men scarcely ever see it passing with the right or left side towards them save once in the course of ages: (S, K:) applied in the case of an extraordinary occurrence: (K:) [or in the case of a benefit conferred by a man who very rarely confers benefits on others: (Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 35:)] or when a man has delayed, or been tardy in, visiting [but has come at last]. (TA.) b2: Hence, فِتْلَةٌ بَارِحَةٌ i. q. شَزْرَةٌ [i. e. (tropical:) A manner of twisting contrary to that which is usual: see شَزَرَ]. (A.) b3: And هٰذِهِ فَعْلةٌ بَارِحَةٌ (tropical:) This is an action that has not happened rightly. (A.) b4: [Hence,] بِنْتُ بَارِحٌ: and [perhaps] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا بَارِحًا: and بَرْحٌ لِعَيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ: see بَرْحٌ. b5: [And hence, perhaps, because of its evil effect; or because it comes, accord. to some, from the left, i. e. northerly direction, or, accord. to others, from the right, i. e. southerly direction; or] from بَرْحٌ as signifying “a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing, or event;” (Ham p. 135;) بَارِحٌ signifies also A hot wind: (S:) or a hot wind in the صَيْفٌ [i. e. summer or spring]: (K:) or a hot wind coming from the direction of El-Yemen: (Ham p. 135:) or a wind that carries up, raises, or sweeps up and scatters, the dust: (Msb:) pl. بَوارِحُ: (S, K, &c.:) or the بوارح are hot north, or northerly, winds in the صَيْف: (Az, Az, S:) this Az found to be the sense in which the term was used by the Arabs in his time: (TA:) or violent winds that carry with them the dust by reason of their violence: (TA:) or this name (the pl.) was given by the Arabs to all winds in the time of the stars of the قَيْظ [or summer]: they mostly blow in the time of the stars of Libra; [app. meaning when Libra is on, or near, the meridian at nightfall, agreeably with a statement in modern Arabic almanacs, that the periods of the beginning and end of the winds thus called are the 30th of May and the 9th of July;] and these winds are what are termed the سَمَائِم [pl. of سَمُومٌ]. (Ibn-Kunáseh, TA.) b6: البَوَارِحُ is also said by some to signify الأَنْوَآءُ [pl. of نَوْءٌ, q. v.]; as mentioned by AHn; but he repels their assertion. (TA.) البَارِحَةُ The next, or nearest, past, or preceding, night; yesternight: (S, A, Mgh, * Msb, * K:) from بَرِحَ signifying زَالَ [“he, or it, went away” &c.]. (S, A.) [In modern Arabic, Yesterday; as also البَارِح.] It has no dim. formed from it. (Sb, in S, in art. أمس; and TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَة [I met, or met with, him, or it, last night, or yesternight]: and لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَةَ الأُولَي [I met, or met with, him, or it, the night before last; this being the sense in which the phrase is now used by the learned: but the vulgar expression is أَوَّل البَارِحَة, generally pronounced أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحَهْ or أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحْ, agreeably with a peculiarity of the dial. of the people of El-Yemen, or of Teiyi and Himyer, by the substitution of اَمْ for اَلْ: see art. ام]. (S) From daybreak to the time when the sun declines from the meridian, one says, رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَةَ فِى مَنَامِى [I saw to-night in my sleep (such a thing)]; but when the sun has declined, one says, رَأَيْتُ البَارِحَةَ [I saw last night, or yesternight]: (Az, Th: [and the like is said in the Mgh and Msb:]) or one says, كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا اللَّيْلَةَ [Such and such things happened to-night] until the sun is somewhat high and the day has become bright; but after this, one says, كَانَ البَارِحَةَ [It happened last night, or yesternight]. (Yoo, Seer.) The Arabs say, مَا أَشْبَهَ اللَّيْلَةَ بِا لبَارِحَةِ How like is this night wherein we are to the former night that has departed! (TA:) [or, this night to yesternight!]: originally occurring in a poem of Tarafeh: used as meaning “how like is the child to the father!” and applied to [any] two things resembling each other. (Har p. 667.) أَبْرَحُ is formed [from بَرَحَ for بَرَّحَ] by the rejection of the added letter: [for a word of this kind is regularly formed only from an unaugmented triliteral-radical verb:] or it is like أَحْنَكُ, having no proper verb. (L.) You say, هٰذَا

أَبْرَحُ عَلَىَّ مِنْ ذَاكَ (A, * L, Msb *) This is more difficult, distressing, or afflicting, to me than that. (L, Msb. *) And هٰذَآ الأَمْرُ أَبْرَحُ مِنْ هٰذَا This affair, event, or case, is more difficult, or distressing, than this. (S.) And قَتَلُوهُمْ أَبْرَحَ قَتْلٍ [They slew them with a most severe slaughter]. (S.) تَبْرِيحٌ [inf. n. of 2, used as a simple subst.,] is said by some to be sing. of تَبَارِيحُ, and has been used as such by post-classical authors, but is not of established authority: accord. to others, the latter has no sing.: (MF:) the pl. signifies Difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adversities: [see also بَرْحٌ:] or the difficulties, or obligations, incurred by troublesome, or inconvenient, means of obtaining subsistence: (TA:) and تَبَارِيحُ الشَّوْقِ the burning, or fierce burning, [or the burnings, &c.,] of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (S, K.) أنَا مُبَرَّحٌ بِى I am importuned, or pressed, with annoyance, or molestation. (A, TA.) [See the verb (2).]

مُبَرِّحٌ and ↓ بَرِحٌ, applied to an affair, an event, or a case, signify the same; (K, TA;) i. e. Severe, afflicting, distressing, or harassing: (TA:) and the former, to a beating, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) meaning the same; (TA;) or hurting (S, Mgh) severely: (S:) and to a man, meaning annoying, or molesting, by importuning, or pressing. (TA.) [See 2.] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا مُبَرِّحًا: see بَرْحٌ.

يَبْرُوحٌ, (K,) thus correctly written, with the ى before the ب; [not بيروح, as in the CK; in Chald.

יַבְרוּחַ, the word corresponding to the sing. of the Hebr.

דּוּרָאִים in Gen. xxx. 14 and 16, accord. to the paraphrase of Onkelos;] or يَبْرُوحٌ صَنَمِىٌّ [the idol-like يبروح]; (TA;) The root, or lower part, of the wild لُفَّاح [or mandrake, not to be confounded with another plant to which the name of لُفَّاح, q. v., is also applied], (K,) which is known by the names of فَاوَانِيَا and عُودُ الصَّلِيبِ [names now given to the peony], and called by MF تُفَّاحُ البَرِّ, [or the wild apple, but perhaps this is a mistranscription for لُفَّاحُ البَرِّ,] said by him to be an appellation used by the vulgar; (TA;) resembling the form of a man; (K;) and of two sorts, male and female; called by the people of Greece عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ: (TA:) it torpifies, (K,) and strengthens the two appetites [namely that of the stomach and that of the generative organ): (TA:) if ivory is cooked with it for six hours, it renders it soft; and if a part affected by [the disease termed] بَرَش is rubbed with its leaves for a week, (K,) without interruption, (TA,) it removes it without causing ulcers, or sores: (K:) the root of the wild لُفَّاح is the يَبْروح: it has the form of a human being; the male like the male, and the female like the female; and they pretend that he who pulls it up dies; wherefore, when they desire to do so, they tie a dog or some other animal to it. (Kzw, voce لُفَّاح.)

بجر

1 يَجِرَ, aor. ـَ (M, K,) inf. n. بَجَرٌ, (S, M,) He (a man, S) had his navel, or the part remaining of the navel-string after it had been cut, protruding, (S, K,) elevated, and hard, (TA,) and thick at the base, (S, M,) and fleshy at the neck, or slender part, with wind remaining in the enlarged part. (M.) b2: He was, or became, large in the belly. (K.) b3: His (a man's, TA) belly became full of milk, (K,) or pure milk, (TA,) and of water, and he was not satiated; (K;) as also مَجِرَ: (TA:) or he drank much milk, or water, and was hardly, or not at all, satiated. (Lh, TA.) بَجْرٌ: see بُجْرٌ, in three places.

بُجْرٌ A swelling, or inflation, of the belly; as also ↓ بَجَرٌ: (Fr, TA:) or prominence in the belly. (Har p. 639.) A2: Evil; mischief: a great, terrible, or momentous, thing or case; (Az, S, K;) as also ↓ بَجْرٌ and ↓ بُجْرِىٌّ: (TA:) a wonderful thing: (K:) a calamity, or misfortune; (S;) as also ↓ بَجْرٌ (TA) and ↓ بُجْرِىٌّ (S, K) and ↓ بُجْرِيَّةٌ: (K:) pl. of بُجْرٌ [or pl. pl., being app. pl. of the pl. of pauc. أَبْجُرٌ,] أَبَاجِرُ; and pl. pl. (as though pl. of the pl. أَبْجَارٌ, T) أَبَاجِيرُ: (K:) and pl. of ↓ بُجْرِىٌّ (S, K) and of ↓ بُجْرِيَّةٌ (K) بَجَارِىٌّ. (S, K.) You say أَمْرٌ بُجْرٌ A great, terrible, or momentous, thing or case. (TA.) and قَالَ هُجْرًا وَبُجْرًا [He said a foul and] a wonderful thing. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَيَجِىْءُ بِالأَبَاجِرِ Verily he brings to pass calamities, or misfortunes. (A.) And لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ البَجَارِىَّ I experienced from him calamities, or misfortunes. (Az, S.) And إِنَّمَا هُوَ

↓ الفَجْرُ أَوِالبَجْرُ or البُجْرُ [It is only the daybreak or misfortune]: a saying of Aboo-Bekr; meaning, if thou wait until the daybreak shine, thou wilt see the way; but if thou journey without a guide in the darkness, it will lead thee to evil: but the saying is recited differently; with البحر in the place of البجر. (L. [See بَحْرٌ.]) b2: [See also بُجْلٌ.]

بَجَرٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (M.) b2: See also بُجْرٌ.

بَجَرٌ A man (TA) having his belly full of milk, (K,) or pure milk, (TA,) and of water, without being satiated: (K:) or drinking much milk, or water, and being hardly, or not at all, satiated. (Lh, TA.) بَجْرَهٌ Prominence, or protrusion, in the navel: (Mgh:) or largeness of the belly: pl. بَجَرَاتٌ. (Yákoot, TA.) [See what next follows.]

بُجْرَةٌ A tumour, or swelling, or an inflation, in the navel; the like of which in the back is termed عُجْرَهٌ: (IAar, IAth:) or the part of the navel-string which remains after it has been cut, when it is thick at the base, and fleshy at the neck, or slender part, with wind remaining in the enlarged part; as also ↓ بَجَرَةٌ: (ISd, L:) or the navel, (L, K,) of a man and of a camel, (L,) whether large or not: (L, K:) and a knot in the belly: (L, K:) or a knotted vein in the belly; the like of which in the back is termed عُجْرَةً: (L:) and (as some say, L) a knot in the face, and in the neck: (L, K:) pl. بُجَرٌ. (L.) [See also عُجْرَةٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] ذَكَرَ عُجَرَهُ وَبُجَرَهُ (tropical:) He mentioned his vices, or faults, and his whole state or case: (K:) or all his affairs; those which were apparent and those which were hidden: or his secrets: or his vices, or faults. (TA.) And أَفَضَيْتُ إِلَيْكَ بِعُجَرِى وَبُجَرِى (tropical:) I have revealed to thee my vices, or faults; meaning, my whole state or case. (S.) And أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِعُجَرِى وَبُجَرِى (tropical:) I acquainted him with my vices, or faults, which I conceal from others, by reason of my confidence in him. (As.) And أَشْكُو إِلَى اللّٰهِ عُجَرِى وَبُجَرِى, said by 'Alee, (tropical:) I complain unto God of my sorrows and my griefs; (IAar, IAth;) meaning, all my affairs or circumstances; those which are apparent and those which are hidden. (IAth.) [See, again, عُجْرَةٌ.] b3: It is said in a prov., ↓ عَيَّرَ بُجَيْرٌ بُجَرَةْ نَسِىَ بُجَيْرٌ خَبَرَهْ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Bujeyr cast reproach upon] his vices, or faults: [Bujeyr forgot his own state or condition:] or, as some say, they were two men: [so that the meaning is, Bujeyr reproached Bujarah: &c.:] (S:) accord. to El-Mufaddal, Bujeyr and Bujarah were two brothers, in an ancient age: but accord. to the lexicologists, the meaning is, that one affected with what is termed a بُجْرَة in his navel reproached another for that which was in him. (Az, TA.) بَجَرَةٌ: see بُجْرَةٌ.

بُجْرِىٌّ: see بُجْرٌ, in three places.

بُجْرِيَّةٌ: see بُجْرٌ, in two places.

بَجِيرٌ is an imitative sequent to كَثِيرٌ. (Fr, S, K.) Accord. to AA, it signifies Abundant, or much, wealth: [or rather this seems to be the meaning of the phrase مَالٌ بَجِيرٌ: for it is added,] and in like manner [it is used in the phrase], مَكَانٌ عَمِيرٌ بَجِيرٌ [A place inhabited, peopled, well stocked with people and the like, or in a flourishing state, and large, or ample]. (TA.) بُجَيْرٌ: see بُجْرَةٌ.

بَاجِرٌ: see what follows.

أَبْجَرُ A man (S) having his navel, or the part remaining of the navel-string after its having been cut, protruding, (S, Mgh, K,) and elevated, and hard, (TA,) and thick at the base, (S, M,) and fleshy at the neck, or slender part, with wind remaining in the enlarged part: (M:) fem. بَجْرَآءُ: (S:) pl. بُجْرٌ (S, K) and بُجْرَانٌ. (K.) b2: Large in the belly: pl. as above: and ↓ بَاجِرٌ signifies the same: (TA:) or this latter, having a swollen, or an inflated, belly: (IAar, K:) or having a large belly and a protruding navel: and its pl. is بَجَرَةٌ, occurring in a trad., in which the tribe of Kureysh are described as أَشِحَّةٌ بَجَرَةٌ: or بجرة may here mean (tropical:) hoarders and acquirers of wealth. (L.) b3: One says also حَقِيبَةٌ بَجْرَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A full [receptacle of the kind called] حقيبة; and صُرَرٌ بُجْرٌ (assumed tropical:) full purses; and كِيسٌ أَعْجَزُ [or أَعْجَرُ?]: but they did not say, حَقِيبَةٌ عَجْزَآءُ [or عَجْرَآءُ?]; nor كِيسٌ أَبْجَرُ; though analogy does not disagree to it: it is from بُجْرٌ signifying “prominence in the belly.” (Har p. 639.) b4: And أَرْضٌ بَجْرَآءُ (assumed tropical:) Ground, or land, that is elevated, (K, * TA,) and hard. (TA.) b5: أَبْجَرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The rope of a ship; (K;) because of its greatness in relation to ropes in general. (TA.)

بدر

1 بَدَرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَدْرٌ, It (the moon) became full. (Msb.) b2: (tropical:) He (a boy) became full-grown and round; implying comparison to the full moon. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) It (fruit) attained to maturity. (TA, from a trad.) [See also 4.] b4: It rose like the full moon. (Er Rághib.) A2: See also 3, in six places. b2: بَدَرَتْ مِنْهُ بَوَادِرُ غضَبٍ: and بَدَرَت بَوَادِرُ الخَيْلِ: see بَادِرَةٌ. b3: بَدَرَتِ الإِبِلَ She (a camel) brought forth at an earlier period of the year than the other camels. (TA.) [See بَدْرِيَّةٌ, voce بَدْرِىٌّ.] b4: خَرَجْتُ أَبْدُرُ (tropical:) I went forth to make water. (A.) 3 بادرهُ, inf. n. مُبَادَرَةٌ and بِدَارٌ; and ↓ ابتدرهُ; He hastened, or made haste, or strove to be first or beforehand, in doing [or attaining or obtaining] it; (M, K, TA, TK;) namely, a thing: (M:) and غَيْرُهُ إِلَيْهِ ↓ بَدَرَ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ and بادرهُ اليه; (M;) He hastened with another, or vied or strove with him in hastening, to it [or to do or attain or obtain it]: syn. عَاجَلَهُ, (M, K, TA,) and أَسْرَعَ إِلَيْهِ. (TA.) بادر [as well as ↓ بَدَرَ and ↓ ابتدر] denotes mutual effort only when it is immediately trans.: when it is trans. by means of إِلَى [or بِ (the former in the TA written by mistake على], there is nothing to show that it denotes this. (MF.) [But it is often immediately trans. without its denoting such effort.] One says, بادرهُ He hastened to do it [&c., as explained above]; meaning, a thing that he desired, or wished for: (TA:) [and بادربِهِ signifies the same; or he hastened with it: and the former signifies also he betook himself early to him or it:] and بادر إِلَيْهِ he hastened to it; (S, A;) as also اليه ↓ بَدَرَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. بُدُورٌ: (S, Msb:) or, accord. to Zj, agreeably with its derivation, [see بَدْرٌ,] he employed the fulness of his power, or force, to hasten [to it]: (TA:) and الأَمْرٌ ↓ بَدَرَهُ, and ↓ بَدَرَ

إِلَيْهِ, (aor.

بَدُرَ, inf. n. بَدْرٌ, TA, [or بُدُورٌ, as above,]) the thing, or event, came to him, or happened to him, hastily, quickly, or speedily; and, beforehand [or before he expected it]; syn. عَجِلَ, (M, K,) and سَبَقَ, (M,) or اِسْتَبَقَ: (K:) [and مِنْهُ قَوْلٌ ↓ بَدَرَ, and فِعْلٌ, a saying, and an action, proceeded from him hastily, without premeditation: see بَادِرَةٌ.] It is said in a trad., بَادِرُوا بِالْأَعْمَالِ هَرَمًا [Strive ye to be before decrepitude with good works; i. e., to perform them before decrepitude]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) And in another, بَادِرُوا الصُّبْحَ بِالْوِتْرِ [Strive ye to be before daybreak with the prayers termed وتر; i. e., to perform them before daybreak]. (Idem.) And in another, بَادِرُوا بِصَلاَةِ المَغْرِبِ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ النَّجْمِ [Hasten ye with, or to perform, the prayer of sunset before the rising of the star]. (Idem.) You say also, فُلَانٌ يُبَادِرُ فِى

أَكْلِ مَالِ اليَتِيمِ [Such a one hastens in consuming the property of the orphan before the latter is of full age]. (A.) And بَادَرَ كِبَرَ اليَتِيمِ [He hastened to be before the orphan's attaining to full age in expending his property]; said of a guardian; i. q. فِي مَالِ اليَتِيمِ ↓ أَبْدَرَ: (K:) and thus, بِدَارًاأَنْ يَكْبَرُوا, in the Kur [iv. 5], means hastening to be before their attaining to full age in expending their property. (Bd, * Jel.) And بادرهُ الغَايَةَ and إِلَى الغَايَةِ [He strove with him in hastening, or strove to get before him, to the goal]. (A.) and الغَايَةَ ↓ ابتدر and إِلَى الغَايَةِ [He strove in hastening, or strove to get first, to the goal]. (Ham p. 46.) And بَادَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا إِلَى أَمْرٍ, and أَمْرًا ↓ ابتدروا, and ↓ تبادروهُ, They vied, or strove, one with another, in hastening to a thing, or an affair, trying which of them would be first. (T.) 4 ابدر He had the full moon rising to him, (S, M, K,) or upon him: (A:) a verb similar to أَقْمَرَ and أَشْرَقَ: (A:) or he journeyed during a night of full moon. (T, K.) A2: It (an unripe date) became red. (TA.) [See also 1.]

A3: ابدر فِى المَالِ اليَتِيمِ: see 3.6 تبادروا They hastened together; vied, or strove, one with another, in hastening; made haste to be, or get, before one another; strove, one with another, to be first, or beforehand. (S, TA.) You say, تبادروا إِلَي أَخْذِ السِّلَاحِ, (TA,) and السِّلَاحَ ↓ ابتدروا, (S, TA,) They hastened together, &c., to take the weapons. (S.) and تبادروا البَاعَ [They hastened together; or vied, or strove, one with another, in hastening; to attain power, or eminence, or nobility] ; as also ↓ ابتدروهُ. (A.) nd تبادروا أَمْرًآ: see 3, last sentence. b2: هٰذَا مَا يَتَبَادَرُ مِنْهُ (assumed tropical:) [This meaning is what appears from it (namely, the phrase, or sentence,) at first sight]. (A phrase of frequent occurrence in the TA &c.) 8 إِبْتَدَرَ see 3, in four places; and see 6, in two places. b2: اِبْتَدَرَتْ عَيْنَاىَ My eyes flowed with tears. (TA, from a trad.) Q. Q. 1 بَيْدَرَ He heaped up wheat. (K.) بَدْرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) originally an inf. n., (Msb,) The full moon; (M, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ بَادِرٌ; (L, K;) the moon in its fourteenth night: (S:) or the latter signifies [simply] the moon: (IAar, T:) the moon in its fourteenth night is called بدر because it hastens to rise before the sun sets; (S, M;) and to set before the sun rises: (TA:) or because of its fulness; (S, TA;) as being likened to a بَدْرَة: or, as Er-Rághib thinks to be most probable, it is itself a primitive word: (TA:) pl. بُدُورٌ. (M, A.) Hence, لَيْلَةُ البَدْرِ [The night of the full moon; which is] the fourteenth night [of the lunar month]. (S.) b2: (tropical:) A lord, master, or chief, (M, K,) of a people: so called as being likened to the full moon. (M.) b3: Applied to a boy, (Zj, M, K,) (tropical:) Full of youthful vigour and of flesh: (Zj:) or full, or plump: (M:) or i. q. ↓ مُبَادِرٌ [precocious]. (T, K.) [In this sense, an epithet; and so its fem. بَدْرَةٌ (q. v.), applied to an eye.] b4: (tropical:) A cover; or a dish or plate; syn. طَبَقٌ: (Ibn-Wahb, K:) because resembling the full moon, being round: so Az thinks. (TA.) b5: See also بَدْرَةٌ, in two places.

بَدْرَةٌ, applied to an eye (عَيْنٌ), Quick-sighted; or that sees before others: (As, T, S, K, TA:) or that sees before [the eyes of] other horses; applied to a horse's eye: (IAar, T, M:) or sharp-sighted: or round and large: (M:) or full like the full moon: (S, K:) but the correct meaning is [said to be] that [mentioned above as] given by IAar: (M:) or, accord. to IAar, full; not defective. (T.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بَدْرٌ, (K,) The skin of a lamb or kid (S, M, K) when it has been weaned, (Az, S, M,) used for milk: for [when it is killed] while it continues sucking, its skin, if used for milk, is called شَكْوَةٌ; and for clarified butter, عُكَّة: when it has been weaned, its skin for milk is called بَدْرَة; and for clarified butter, مِسْأَد: and when it is in its second year, its skin for milk is called وَطْب; and for clarified butter, نِحْى: (Az, S:) pl. (of the former, M) بِدَرٌ and بُدُورٌ: (M, K:) the former said by El-Fárisee to be the only instance of the kind except هِضَبٌ pl. of هَضْبَةٌ, and بِضَعٌ pl. of بَضْعَةٌ [or this may be pl. of بِضْعَةٌ]. (M. [But the assertion of El-Fárisee is incorrect (see حَيْضَةٌ), unless it be meant to apply only to sound words; and in this case, at least one addition should be made, namely قِصَعٌ pl. of قَصْعَةٌ.]) b2: Hence, (M,) the former word, (S, M, A, K, &c.,) and ↓ the latter also, (K,) The sum of ten thousand dirhems: (S, A:) or a purse containing a thousand, (T, M, K,) or ten thousand, dirhems, (T, M, * A, K,) or seven thousand deenárs: (K:) pl. بُدُورٌ, (TA,) and pl. of pauc.

بِدَرَاتٌ. (T.) اِسْتَبَقْنَا البَدَرَى We strove to outrun one another, vying, one with another, in haste. (M, K.) بَدْرِىٌّ Rain that is before (قَبْلَ), or a little before (قُبَيْلَ), or in the first part of (قُبُلَ), winter. (K, accord. to different copies: the second reading is that followed in the TA.) b2: بَدْرِيَّةُ A she-camel whose mother has brought her forth at an earlier period of the year than that when the others brought forth, and therefore more abundant in milk than others, and of a more generous quality. (M.) b3: And the former, A fat young camel weaned from its mother. (K.) بَدَارِىٌّ A lamb brought forth a little before winter. (TA.) بَادِرٌ: see بَدْرٌ.

بَيْدَرٌ a word of the dial. of El-'Irák, (A 'Obeyd in art. ربد in the TA,) A place in which wheat, (S, Mgh, K,) or grain, (Msb,) is trodden out. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: It may also mean, tropically, (tropical:) The wheat and straw therein: (Mgh:) or rather, as Az says, on the authority of IAar, it signifies [also] (Mgh) reaped grain collected together; or wheat collected together in the place in which it is trodden out; syn. كُدْسٌ, (M, Mgh, K,) and عَرَمَةٌ: (Mgh:) Kr restricts it to wheat. (M.) b3: Accord. to the Towsheeh, it is [A place] for [drying] dates. (TA in art. جرن.) بَادِرَةٌ Hastiness of temper; passionateness: (S:) or a hasty saying, or action, that suddenly proceeds (يَبْدُرُ, in the CK يَبْدُو,) from one in anger: (M, A, * Mgh, * Msb, * K:) and a slip; a mistake; an error; (S, Msb;) on an occasion of one's being angry: (S:) or a bad, an abominable, or a foul, word or saying: and a quick fit of anger: (IAar, T:) pl. بَوَادِرُ, (S, A.) You say, أَخْشَى

عَلَيْكَ بَادِرَتَهُ I fear for thee his hastiness of temper, or passionateness: (S:) or what may hastily proceed from him in his anger. (A.) And مِنْهُ يَوَادِرُ غَضَبٍ ↓ بَدَرَتْ Slips, mistakes, or errors, on an occasion of his being angry, hastily proceeded from him. (S.) And بَادِرَةُ الشَّرِّ signifies What hastily, or suddenly, befalls one, of evil, or mischief. (M.) b2: An intuitive knowledge, notion, or idea; or a faculty of judging rightly at the first of an unexpected occurrence; or a faculty of extemporizing; syn. بَدِيهَهٌ. (S, K.) You say, فُلَانُ حَسَنُ البَادِرَةِ Such a one has a good intuitive knowledge, &c. (TA.) b3: The point of a sword. (M, K.) b4: The extremity of an arrow, next the head. (A.) b5: The head of a plant; (M;) the first part thereof from which the earth cleaves asunder. (M, K. *) b6: The first that appears of the [plant called] حِنَّآء. (M.) b7: The leaves of the [herb called] حُوَّآءَة. (K.) b8: The best, and freshest in growth, of the [plant called] وَرْس. (M, K. *) b9: Also, (M, K,) or بَوَادِرُ, (S, A,) which is the pl., (K,) of a man &c., (S, M,) The portion of flesh, (S, M, K,) or the portions thereof, (A,) between the shoulder-joint and the neck, (S, M, K,) or between the necks and the shoulderjoints: (A:) or the former, (K,) or its dual, (M,) of a man, the two portions of flesh that are above the رُغَثَاوَانِ and below the ثَنْدُوَة: (M, K:) or the dual, [relating to a camel, signifies] the two sides of the كِرْكِرَة [or callous lump on the breast]: or two veins on either side thereof. (M.) b10: بَوَادِرُ الخَيْلِ ↓ بَدَرَتْ The first, or fore parts, (أَوَائِل,) of the horses appeared [or suddenly came in view]. (Msb.) بَدْرَةٌ مُبَدَّرَةٌ [A sum such as is termed بدرة aggregated, made up, or completed]: the latter word is a corroborative; like the latter in قَنَاطِيرُ مُقَنْطَرَةٌ, (Ksh and Bd in iii. 12,) and in أَلْفٌ مُؤَلَّفَةٌ. (Ksh ibid.) مُبَادِرٌ applied to a boy: see بَدْرٌ.

ب

أس1 بَؤُسَ, aor. ـْ (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَأْسٌ, (S, Msb, K,) or بَأْسَةٌ; (M; [so I find in a copy of the M, but perhaps it is a mistranscription for بَآسَةٌ;]) and بَئِسَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. بَأْسٌ; (M;) He was, or became, mighty, or strong, in war or fight; (K;) courageous, or valiant: (M, Msb, K:) or very mighty or strong in war or fight. (Az, S.) A2: بَئْسُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, M, K) and يَبْئِسُ, the latter extr., like يَنْعِمُ aor. of نَعِمَ, (M,) [and some other instances, (see حَسِبَ,)] inf. n. بُؤْسٌ (S, Msb, * K) and بُؤُوسٌ and بُؤْسَى (K) and بَأْسٌ (TA) and بَئيسٌ, (S, K,) [in measure] like أَمِيرٌ, (TA,) [accord. to the CK بِئْسٌ, which is a mistake,] and بَئِيسَى, (TS, TA,) incorrectly written in the copies of the K بِئْسَي; (TA;) or بَؤُسَ; (A;) or both these forms; (M;) He was, or became, in a state of distress; straitened in his means of subsistence, or in the conveniences of life; (M, Msb;) in a state of poverty: (M, A, Msb, * TA:) or in a state of pressing want: (S, K, TA:) and بَؤُسَ, inf. n. بَآسَةٌ and بَئِيسٌ, whence the subst.

بَؤْسَى, he was, or became, in a state of trial, or affliction: (M:) and [in like manner,] ↓ أَبْأَسَ, (inf. n. إِبْآسٌ,S,) distress, or poverty, or misfortune, or calamity, (البَأْسَآءُ,) befell him. (IAar, S, * M, TA.) A3: بِئْسَ, also written بَئِسَ and بِئِسَ and بَأْسَ, (S, K,) is a word of dispraise or blame, (S,) implying all kinds of dispraise or blame, (TA,) [or superlative dispraise or blame; signifying, Very evil or bad is he, or it: or superlatively evil or bad is he, or it:] contr. of نِعمَ: (S, M, TA:) a pret. verb, imperfectly inflected, (S, K,) like نِعْمَ, (S,) [having only one variation of form, namely, the fem. بِئْسَتْ, though the masc. is more commonly used even when the agent is fem. or pl.,] because it is translated from its original application, (S, K,) i. e. from بَئِسَ فُلَانٌ signifying

أَصَابَ بُؤْسًا [he found, met with, or experienced, distress, &c.], to signify dispraise or blame. (S, TA.) When it is accompanied by a gen. n. without the article ال, this is always in the accus. case: but when the n. has the article ال, it is always in the nom. case: (TA:) you say, بِئْسَ رَجُلًا زَيْدً [Very evil or bad, or superlatively evil or bad, as a man, is Zeyd; رجلا being a specificative]: (K:) and بِئْسَ الرَّجُلُ زَيْدٌ [Very evil, &c., is the man, Zeyd]; and بِئْسَتِ المَرْأَةُ هِنْدٌ [or more commonly بِئْسَ العَيْرُ in this case also, Very evil, &c., is the woman, Hind]. (S.) Some argue that it is a noun, from the saying, نِعْمَ السَّيْرُ عَلَى بِئْسَ العَيْرُ, because it has a prep.; but this is explained as elliptical, and meaning, نِعَمَ السَّيْرُ عَلَى عَيْرٍ مَقُولٍ فِيهِ بِئْسَ العيْرُ [Excellent is the journeying upon an ass of which it is said Very evil, &c., is the ass]. (I 'Ak p. 232.) Zj says that when it is followed by مَا, then مَا, with it, is regarded as occupying the place of an indeterminate noun; [namely, شَيْئًا, as a specificative; as in the Kur ii. 84,بِئْسَ مَا اشْتَرَوا بِهِ أَنْفُسَهُمْ, or بِئْسَمَا, &c., Very evil, &c., as a thing, is that for which they have sold, or exchanged, themselves:] (TA:) but some say that it is the agent, and is a determinate noun; and this is the opinion of Ibn-Kharoof, which he ascribes to Sb. (I 'Ak ubi suprà.) [For further illustration, see نِعْمَ.]4 أَبْاَ^َ see بَئِسَ5 تَبَاَّ^َ see 6.6 تَبَآءَسَ He feigned the lowliness, or submissiveness, of poverty, humbling, or abasing, himself, (K,* TA,) with men; and ↓ تَبَأَّسَ is allowable in the same sense. (TA.) 8 ابتأس بِهِ, (M, A,) and مِنْهُ, (S, TA,) He was distressed by it, or at it; it does not signify dislike: (IB, TA:) or he grieved at it, (S, M, A,) and humbled and abased himself: so in the Kur xi. 38 and xii. 69. (M, A, TA.) It is said of a man when a thing that he dislikes becomes known to him. (Az, TA.) بَأْسٌ Might, or strength, (S, A, Msb, K,) in war or fight: (S, A, K:) courage; valour, or valiantness; prowess. (M, K.) b2: War, or fight; (M, Msb;) as also ↓ بَئِيْسٌ (M) and ↓ بَأْسَآءُ: (TA:) pl. of the first,أَبْؤَسٌ. (Msb.) b3: Hence, (M,) (assumed tropical:) Fear, (M, TA,) in the saying, لَا بأْسَ عَلَيْكَ, (M, TA, *) and بِكَ, (M,) [(assumed tropical:) There is no fear for thee: lit., there is no war against thee, or with thee]: the saying of which to an enemy implies the granting him security, or protection: and in the same sense it is used in a trad., in the phrase اِشْتَدَّ البَأْسُ [(assumed tropical:) Fear became vehement]. (TA.) b4: I. q. ضَرَرٌ (assumed tropical:) [Harm, injury, &c.]: so in the phrase لَا بَأْسَ [There is, or will be, no harm, &c.; and لَا بَأْسَ بِكَذَا, and فِى كَذَا, (assumed tropical:) There is, or will be, no harm in such a thing]. (Har p. 311.) It is said in a trad., لَا بَأْسَ بِالْغِنَي لِمَنِ اتَّقَي [There is no harm in wealth to him who is pious]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer of Es-Suyootee.) بَاس also occurs for بَأْس; the being suppressed, agreeably with analogy; not altered by permutation. (M, TA.) b5: Punishment: (S, A, K:) or severe punishment; (TA;) as also ↓ بَئِسٌ, in measure like كَتِفٌ. (IAar, TA.) b6: See also بُؤْسٌ, in two places.

بُؤْسٌ (also written بُوسٌ, with the suppressed, Msb) Distress; straitness of the means of subsistence, or of the conveniences of life; poverty: (M, Msb,* TA:*) or a state of pressing want: (S, K:) or misfortune; calamity: (A:) and ↓ بُؤُوسٌ and ↓ بُؤْسَى (K, TA) and ↓ بَأْسَآءُ (M, A) and ↓ بَأْسٌ (TA) and ↓ بَئِيسٌ (S, K) and ↓ بَئِيسَى (TA) and ↓ مَبْأَسَةٌ (M, TA) [all of which, except ↓ بَأْسَآءُ and ↓ مَبْأَسَةٌ, are said to be inf. ns. (see بَئِسَ)] signify the same as بُؤْسٌ: (S, M, A, K, TA:) ↓ بُؤْسَى and ↓ بَأْسَآءُ are both from بُؤْسٌ [with which they are syn. accord. to authorities indicated above]; (Zj, IDrd, TA;) the former is contr. of نُعْمَى, (S, TA,) and in like manner the latter is contr. of نَعْمَآءُ: (TA:) the latter is of the measure فَعْلَآءُ without any أَفْعَلُ, because it is a subst.; like as أَفْعَلُ occurs among substs. without any فَعَلَآءُ, as in the instance of أَحْمَدُ: (Akh, S:) or ↓ بُؤْسَى signifies a state of trial or affliction, and is a subst.; and ↓ بَئِيسٌ and ↓ بَآسَةٌ signify the same, but are inf. ns.: (M:) and ↓ بَأْسَآءُ is syn. with شِدَّةٌ [like بُؤْسٌ in the first of the senses explained above]; (S, TA;) and مَشَقَّةٌ [meaning distress, or difficulty]: (TA:) or it signifies misfortune, or calamity, (A, K,) like بُؤْسٌ; (A;) and so أَبْؤُسٌ: (S, K:) or rather this last signifies misfortunes, or calamities; for it is pl. of ↓ بَأْسٌ, i. e., a pl. of pauc.; not of بُؤْسٌ, as J asserts it to be; for the pl. of pauc. of بُؤْسٌ is أَبْآسٌ: (IB, TA:) but أَبْؤُسٌ may be used as pl. of ↓ بَأْسَآءُ. (Fr, in S, voce ضَرَّآءُ, q. v.) [See exs. of these two pls. in what follows.] You say يَوْمُ بُؤْسٍ وَيَوْمُ نُعْمٍ [A day of distress, or poverty, &c., and a day of ease and plenty]. (S, TA.) And بُؤْسًا لَهُ [May distress, or poverty, &c., befall him]: a form of imprecation. (Sb, M, TA.) and بُؤْسَ ابْنِ سُمَيَّةَ, app. an expression of pity [meaning Alas for the distress, &c., of Ibn-Sumeiyeh!]. (TA, from a trad.) And عَسَىَ الغُوَيْرُ أَبْؤُسًا Perhaps the little cave [may be attended with] calamities; not calamity, as in the S [and K]: (IB:) a prov.; (S;) originating from a cave's having collapsed upon some men in it; or from an enemy's having come to some men in a cave, and slain them; wherefore it is applied to anything whence evil is feared: (As, S, K, in art. غور:) or it is applied to him who is suspected of a thing: (IAar, TA:) or الغُوَيْرُ was the name of a certain water, which belonged to the tribe of Kelb, and the words of this prov. were said by Ez-Zebbà, when Kaseer turned aside from the plain road, and took the way to الغُوَيْرُ: (Ibn-El-Kelbee, S, K, in art. غور:)ابؤسا is in the accus. case by reason of يَكُونُ understood. (Mughnee.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 94.] ElKumeyt also says, قَالُوا أَسَآءَ بَنُو كُرْزٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ عَسَى الغُوَيْرُ بِأَبْآسٍ وَأغْوَارِ [They said, Benoo-Kurz have done evil: and I said to them, Perhaps the little cave may be attended with calamities and connected with other caves]: أَبْآس is here pl. of بُؤْس. (IB, TA.) [In the S, the last words are written بِإِبْآسٍ وَإِعْوَارٍ, in one copy: in another, وإِغْوَارِ: both of which are app. wrong.] b2: See also بَائِسٌ.

بِئْسٌ and بِيْسٌ and بَيْسٌ and بَيِّسٌ: see بَئِيسٌ. b2: بَنَاتُ بِئْسٍ Calamities; misfortunes. (K.) بَئِسٌ: see بَأْسٌ, last signification: A2: and see بَئِيسٌ.

بُؤْسَى: see بُؤْسٌ, in three places.

بَأْسَآءُ: see بَأْسٌ: and بُؤْسٌ: the latter, in five places. b2: Zj explains it as signifying, in the Kur vi. 42, Hunger. (M, TA. *) b3: Also The act of beating, or striking. (Lth, TA.) بَؤُوسٌ One in whom بُؤْس [i. e. distress &c.] is apparent, or manifest. (M, TA.) بُؤُوسٌ: see بُؤْسٌ بَئيسٌ: see بَأْسٌ: and بُؤْسٌ: the latter, in two places.

A2: Mighty, or strong, in war or fight; (A;) courageous, or valiant. (S, M, Msb, K.) b2: عَذَابٌ بئِيسٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بِئِيسٌ, agreeably with a general rule applying to words of this description, (M,) and ↓ بِئْسٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ بَئِسٌ, (M,) and ↓ بَيْئَسٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ بَئْئَسٌ, (M,) and ↓ بَيِّسٌ, and ↓ بَيْسٌ, which last, however, is of no authority, (M,) or ↓ بِيسٌ, and بَيِيسٌ, with the changed into ى, (TA,) A vehement punishment: (S, M, K:) so in the Kur vii. 165. (TA.) بِئِيسٌ: see بَئيسٌ.

بَآسَةٌ: see بُؤْسٌ.

بَئِيسَي: see بُؤْسٌ.

بَائِسٌ Distressed; straitened in his means of subsistence, or in the conveniences of life; (Msb;) or poor: (A, Msb: *) or one who is in want, and an object of pity for what he suffers: (TA:) or in a state of pressing want: (S:) or in a state of trial, or affliction: (M, TA:) or one who is crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, by disease, or who suffers from a protracted disease, and is in need: (Mgh:) an epithet denoting pity, (Sb, M, TA,) or grief: (Mgh:) ↓ بُؤْسٌ occurs as its pl.; (M, TA;) or is for ذَوُوبُؤْسٍ. (M.) بَيْئَسٌ and بَيْئِسٌ: see بَئِيسٌ. b2: The former also signifies Strong. (K, TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) البَيْئَسُ The lion. (K, TA.) الإِبَآإُ الأَبْأَسُ The most vehement refusal. (Th, M.) مَبْأَسَةٌ: see بُؤْسٌ, in two places.

مُبْتَئِسٌ Disliking, or hating: (S, M, K:) and grieving: (S, K:) or rather, distressed, by, or at, a thing; not disliking, or hating: (IB, TA:) or grieving, and humbling and abasing himself. (Zj, M, TA.)

دفع

1 دَفَعَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. دَفْعٌ (Msb, K) and دَفَاعٌ (TA) and مَدْفَعٌ, (K,) [He impelled it, pushed it, thrust it, or drove it; and particularly, so as to remove it from its place; he propelled it; he repelled, or repulsed, it; he pushed it, thrust it, or drove it, away, or back;] he put it away, or removed it from its place, (Msb, TA,) by, or with, force, or strength: (TA:) or دَفْعٌ signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing before the coming or arriving [of that thing]; like as رَفْعٌ signifies the “ putting away or removing or turning back ” a thing “ after the coming or arriving ” thereof. (Kull p. 185.) Hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 252, and xxii. 41], وَلَوْ لَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ [and were it not for God's repelling men]; where some read ↓ دِفَاعُ [which means the same, as will be seen in the course of what follows, though bearing also another interpretation, likewise to be seen in what follows]. (TA.) You say, دَفَعْتُ الرَّجُلَ [I impelled, pushed, &c., the man]. (S.) And ↓ دافعهُ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ [and مُدَافَعَةٌ]; and ↓ دفّعهُ; (TA;) [both, app., accord. to the TA, signifying the same; but the latter more properly relates to several objects together, or signifies he impelled it, pushed it, &c., much, or vehemently, or often; whereas] مُدَافَعَةٌ (K, TA) and دِفَاعٌ (TA) are [often exactly] syn. with دَفْعٌ. (K, TA.) Thus, (TA,) you say, as meaning the same, عَنْهُ ↓ دافع and دَفَعَ [He repelled from him; whence another explanation of these two phrases, which see in what follows]. (S, TA.) And hence, دَفَعَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ المَكْرُوهَ, inf. n. دَفْعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee what is disliked, or hated, or evil]: (TA:) and اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ السُّوْءَ ↓ دَافَعَ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee evil]. (S, TA.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنْهُ الأَذَى (tropical:) [I repelled, or averted, from him what was hurtful, or annoying; as also ↓ دَافَعْتُ]. (Msb, K, TA.) Sb mentions, as a saying of the Arabs, اِدْفَعِ الشَّرَّ وَلَوْ إِصْبَعًا (tropical:) [Repel thou, or avert thou, evil, or mischief, though but with a finger: the last word being in the accus. case by reason of the subaudition of the prep. ب; the meaning being بِإِصْبَعٍ]. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَفُوعٌ.] When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of عَنْ, [and has a single objective complement, a second objective complement is understood, and in general] it has the meaning or the act of (assumed tropical:) Defending; as in the Kur [xxii. 39], إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا (assumed tropical:) [Verily God defendeth those who have believed; i. e. repelleth from them aggression and the like]; (B;) and ↓ يُدَافِعُ, in the same, (K, TA,) accord. to another reading, signifies the same; (K, TA;) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) defendeth energetically, with the energy of him who contendeth for superiority in so doing. (Bd.) And عَنْهُ ↓ دَافَعْتُ signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) I pleaded, or contended in arguments, in defence of him. (Msb.) [Exceptions to the statement cited above form the B will be found in what follows in this paragraph; and another exception, voce مُدَفَّعٌ.] b2: [In the exs. which follow, the verb is used in senses little differing, essentially, from those assigned to it in the first sentence of this art.] b3: دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفَْعَةً [I poured forth from the vessel a single pouring]: the last word, which is with fet-h, is an inf. n. [of un.]. (Msb.) b4: دَفَعَتِ اللِّبَأَفِى

ضَرْعِهَا قُبَيْلَ النِّتَاجِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe, or goat, S, or a camel, S, K) infused the first milk into her udder, i. e. secreted it therein, a little before bringing forth]. (S, K.) And دَفَعَتِ اللَّبَنِ عَلَى

رَأْسِ وَلَدِهَا لِكَثْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe or goat, or a camel, TA) secreted the milk in her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance]; for the milk becomes abundant in her udder only when she is about to bring forth: the inf. n. [app. the inf. n. of un.] is دَفْعَةٌ. (TA.) And دَفَعَتْ alone, said of a ewe or goat, signifies (assumed tropical:) She secreted milk in her udder when about to produce the young; expl. by أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [which see in art. ضرع]. (S, TA.) Accord. to En-Nadr, one says دَفَعَتْ بِلَبِنِهَا, and بِاللَّبَنِ, when her young is in her belly; but when she has brought forth, one does not say دَفَعَتْ. (TA.) b5: In the saying, غَشِيِتْنَا سَحَابَةٌ فَدَفَعْنَاهَا إِلَى غَيْرِنَا [lit. A cloud overspread us, and we drove it away to other persons], meaning (tropical:) it departed from us to other persons, دفعناها is for دَفَعَتْنَا, which means دُفِعَتْ عَنَّا [lit. it was driven away from us]. (TA.) b6: دَفَعَهُ بِحُجَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) [He refelled him, or refuted him, by an argument or the like]. (MF in art. كفح.) b7: دَفَعْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I rebutted the saying; repelled it by an argument, an allegation, or a proof. (Msb.) b8: اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا (tropical:) Leave thou this, sparing him. (As, TA.) [See مُدَفَّعٌ.]

b9: [In several exs. here following, the verb resembles اندفع; نَفْسَهُ, or the like, being understood after it.] b10: دَفَعَ المَآءُ [The water poured out, or forth, as though it impelled, or propelled, itself]: (TA: [where it is followed by وَانْصَبَّ, as an explicative adjunct:]) and so السَّيْلُ [the torrent]. (ISh.) [See also 6.] And دَفَعَ الوَادِى

بِالمَآءِ [The valley poured with water]. (TA in art. حشك.) b11: دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He pushed, or pressed, on, or forward, as though he impelled himself, in his running]. (S in art. غور; &c.) [See also 7.] b12: دَفَعَ القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people, or company of men, came at once. (Msb.) b13: دَفَعَ إِلَى

المَكَانِ, (TA,) and دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) in the pass. form, (Msb,) (tropical:) He reached, or came to, the place. (Msb, TA.) You say also, هٰذَا طَرِيقٌ يَدْفَعُ

إِلَى مَكَانِ كَذَا (tropical:) This is a road which reaches to such a place. (TA.) b14: دَفَعَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ (assumed tropical:) He commenced the journey from 'Arafát, and impelled and removed himself thence, or impelled his she-camel, and urged her to go. (TA, from a trad.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنِ المَوْضِعِ (assumed tropical:) I removed, went, went away, or journeyed, from the place. (Msb.) [See again 7.] b15: دَفَعَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He returned. (MF.) b16: When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of إِلَى, it [generally, but not always, as has been shown above,] has the meaning of the act of Giving, or delivering; as in the Kur [iv. 5], فَادْفَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ [Then give ye, or deliver ye, to them their property]. (B.) You say, دَفَعْتُ

إِلَىى فُلَانٍ شَيْئًا [I gave, or delivered, to such a one a thing]. (S, K. *) And دَفَعْتُ الوَدِيعَةَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا I restored the deposit to its owner. (Msb.) and دَفَعْتُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ المَالِ [I gave him a part, or portion, of the property]. (S in art. زعب; and the like is said in that art. in the K.) And دَفَعَهُ [alone] He gave it; syn. أَعْطَاهُ. (Er-Rághib, MF.) 2 دَفَّعَ see 1; fourth sentence. b2: دفّعهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) He drove him, compelled him, or necessitated him, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) b3: دفّعهُ also signifies He rendered him abject and contemptible, or poor; as though deserving to be repelled. (Ibn-Maaroof, as cited by Golius.) [See the pass. part. n., below.] b4: دفّع قَوْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his bow even. (AHn, TA.) 3 مُدَافَعَةٌ [in its primary acceptation] signifies The contending, or striving, with another, to push him, or repel him; or the pushing, or repelling, another, being pushed, or repelled, by him; or the pushing against another; syn. مُزَاحَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence, يُدَافِعُ الأَخْبَثَيْنِ He is striving to suppress the urine and ordure: see أَخْبَثُ. And مُدَافَعَةُ العَيْشِ The striving to retain life: see 2 in art. زلج. b2: But it is often used in the same sense as دَفْعٌ:] see the verb and its two inf. ns. in seven places in the former half of the first paragraph of this article. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) i. q. مُمَاطَلَةٌ: (S, K, TA:) in some of the copies of the S, مُطَاوَلَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَافَعْتُهُ بِحَقِّهِ, (JM, TA,) or عَنْ حَقِّهِ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) I deferred with him, delayed with him, or put him off, in the matter of his right, or due, by promising time after time to render it to him; [and so repelled him, or strove to repel him, from it;] syn. مَاطَلْتُهُ. (JM, Msb, TA.) And دافع بِحَاجَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He deferred, delayed, postponed, or put off, his (another's) needful affair. (L in art. رثد.) b4: دافع الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) The man attached, or devoted, himself to such an affair, and exerted himself, and persisted, or persevered, in it. (TA.) 5 تَدَفَّعَ see 6, and 7.6 تدافعوا [They contended, or strove, together, to push, or repel, one another; or] they pushed, or repelled, one another; or pushed against one another. (Msb.) You say, تدافعوا فِى الحَرْبِ They pushed, thrust, or repelled, one another in war, or battle. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] تدافع الكَلَامَانِ (assumed tropical:) The two sayings, or sentences, opposed, or contradicted, each other; conflicted; were mutually repugnant. (Msb in art. نقض.) b3: تدافع السَّيْلُ (tropical:) The torrent was impelled, driven, or propelled, in its several parts, or portions, by the impetus of one part, or portion, acting upon another; and in like manner, [or as signifying it became impelled, driven, or propelled,] ↓ اندفع, and [in an intensive sense] ↓ تدفّع. (TA.) [See also دَفَعَ.

السَّيْلُ.] b4: تدافع جَرْىُ الفَرَسِ [in like manner signifies (assumed tropical:) The running of the horse continued by successive impulses, his force of motion in each part of his course impelling him through the next]. (TA.) b5: See also 7.

A2: [It is also trans.] You say, تدافعوا الشَّىْءَ They repelled the thing, every one of them from himself. (TA.) And ضَيْفٌ يَتَدافَعُهُ الحَىُّ [A guest whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself]. (IDrd, K.) 7 اندفع is quasi-pass. of دَفَعَهُ; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ تدفّع is quasi-pass. of دفّعهُ; and ↓ تدافع is quasi-pass. of دافعهُ: but all three are used in the same sense: see 6: (TA:) [the first, however, primarily signifies He, or it, became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven; and particularly, so as to be removed from his, or its, place; became propelled; became repelled; became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven, away, or back, or onwards; became put away, or removed from its place; as is implied in the S and K and TA: whereas the second, properly, has an intensive signification: and the third properly denotes the acting of two or more persons or things, or of several parts or portions of a thing, against, or upon, one another; as is shown by exs. and explanations above: though the second and third are often used in the primary sense of the first.] b2: [Hence,] اندفع also signifies (assumed tropical:) He went away into the country, or land, in any manner: (Lth:) or, said of a horse [&c.], (tropical:) he [or it] went quickly or swiftly (S, K, TA) [as though impelled or propelled; pressed, or pushed, on, or forward; rushed; launched, or broke, forth; it poured forth with vehemence, as though impelled: see 1, which has a similar meaning, particularly in the phrases دَفَعَ المَآءُ, and السَّيْلُ, and دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ, &c.]. b3: اندفع فِى, الحَدِيثِ, (S, K, TA,) and فِى الإِنْشَادِ, (TA,) (tropical:) He pushed on, or pressed on, in discourse, and in reciting poetry; or entered thereinto; or launched forth, or out, thereinto; or was large, or copious, or profuse, therein; or dilated therein; or began it, commenced it, or entered upon it; syn. أَفَاضَ فِيهِ. (K, TA.) And اندفع فِى الضَّحِكِ [He broke forth into laughing]. (JK in art. بوق.) b4: [اندفع فِى

الطَّعَامِ (assumed tropical:) He fell to eating of the food; or applied himself eagerly to it.] b5: اندفع فِىالأَمْرِ (tropical:) He acted with penetrating energy, or sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness, in the affair; syn. مَضَى فِيهِ. (A, TA.) 10 اِسْتَدْفَعْتُ اللّٰهَ الأَسْوَآءَ (tropical:) I asked, or begged, God to repel from me evils. (S, K.) دَفْعٌ [see 1. Used as a simple subst., it signifies Impulsion; or the act of pushing, thrusting, or driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; propulsion; repulsion; &c.].

دَفْعَةٌ A single impulsion; a push, a thrust, or single act of driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; a single propulsion; a single repulsion: (S, * Msb, K, * TA:) [it is an inf. n. of un. of 1 in all its senses; and thus,] it signifies also a single act of pouring: [&c.:] pl. دَفَعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, دَفَعَهُ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [He impelled, &c., him, or it,] once [or with a single impulsion, &c.]. (TK.) And دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [I poured forth from the vessel] a single pouring. (Msb.) b2: [As an inf. n. of un. of 1,] it also signifies (assumed tropical:) A coming of the collective body of a people, or party of men, to a place at once. (TA.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) A heat, a single course, or one unintermitted act, of running, or the like.]

دُفْعَةٌ A quantity that pours forth, or out, at once, from a skin, or vessel: (Lth, K:) a quantity poured forth, or out, at once, (Msb,) [or with vehemence, being] syn. with دُفْقَةٌ. (IF, S, Msb, K, [in the CK with ع in the place of the ق,]) of rain, [i. e. a shower, fall, or storm, as meaning the quantity that falls without intermission,] (IF, S, Msb, K,) and [a gush] of blood, (IF, Msb,) &c.: (IF, S, Msb:) it is also [used as signifying the tide] of a valley, (K in art. طحم,) and [the tide, or rush,] of a torrent, (S and K in that art.,) and [the rush, or irruption,] of a troop of horses or horsemen, (S and K in art. دلق, &c.,) and [the irruption, or invasion,] of night: (S and K in art. طحم:) pl. دُفَعٌ (Msb, K) and دُفَعَاتٌ and دُفُعَاتٌ and دُفْعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, بَقِىَفِى الإِنَآءِ دُفْعَةٌ There remained in the vessel as much as one pours out at once. (Msb.) b2: Also A part, or portion, that is given, of property. (S in art. زعب.) دِفَاعُ, determinate, as a proper name, The ewe: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) so called because she pushes her thigh this way and that by reason of bulkiness. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) دَفُوعٌ and ↓ مِدْفَعٌ [That impels, pushes, thrusts, drives, propels, or repels, much, or vehemently:] both signify the same. (S, K.) Hence the saying of a woman, (S,) an immodest woman, (O,) namely, Sejáhi [the false prophetess, to her husband the false prophet Museylimeh, describing the kind of ذَكَر which she most approved], (L,) ↓ لَا بَلْ قَصِيرٌ مِدْفَعٌ. (S, O, L.) You say also, ↓ رَجُلٌ دَفَّاعٌ A man who impels, propels, repels, or defends, vehemently. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ دَفُوعٌ A she-camel that hicks (تَدْفَعُ) with her hind leg on being milked. (TA.) دَفَّاعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ. b2: Also One who, when a bone happens to be in the part that is next to him, of a bowl, puts it away, or aside, in order that a piece of flesh-meat may become in its place. (El-Jáhidh, K.) دُفَّاعٌ The main portion, that pours down at once, or vehemently, of waves, and of a torrent, (K, TA,) and of a sea: (TA:) or a great torrent: (S:) or abundance and vehemence of water: (L:) or a great quantity of water of a torrent: and a great number of people. (AA.) You say, جَآءَ دُفَّاعٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَآءِ There came a great number of men and women crowding one upon another. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) A great thing by which a similar great thing is impelled, propelled, or repelled. (K, * TA.) دَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. It is said in the Kur [lii. 8], مَا لَهُ مِنْ دَافِعٍ There shall not be any repeller thereof. (Bd.) And in the same [lxx. 2], لَيْسَ لَهُ دَافِعٌ There shall not be for it any repeller: (Bd:) or any defender. (B.) b2: Applied to a ewe or she-goat, (S,) or to a she-camel, (S, K,) as also دَافِعَةٌ and ↓ مِدْفَاعٌ, (K,) (tropical:) That infuses (تَدْفَعُ) the first milk into her udder [i. e. secretes it therein] a little before bringing forth; (S, K;) that infuses the milk into her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance: AO says that some make مُفْكِهٌ and دَافِعٌ to signify the same, [i. e., to signify as explained above, or nearly so,] saying, هِىَ دَافِعٌ بِوَلَدٍ; and if you will, you say, هِىَ دَافِعٌ, alone. (TA.) دَافِعَةٌ [fem. of دَافِعٌ, q. v.: and, used as a subst.,] The lower, or lowest, part of any [water-course such as is called] مَيْثَآء: pl. دَوَافِعُ: this latter signifying the lower, or lowest, parts of the مِيث, [pl. of ميثاء,] (ISh, K,) where they pour into the valleys, (ISh,) or where the valleys pour thereinto: (K:) or the pl. signifies the parts in which the water pours to the ميث; while the ميث pour into the main valley: (As:) or the دافعة is a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة which pours into another تلعة, when it runs down a descending ground, or declivity, from elevated, or rugged and elevated, ground, and you see it going to and fro in places, having spread somewhat, and become round; then it pours into another, lower than it: every one such is thus called; and the pl. is as above. (Lth.) مَدْفَعٌ [A channel of water;] one of the مَدَافِع of waters, in which the waters run: (S, K:) [مَدَافِعُ being its pl.:] the lower, or lowest, part of a valley, where the torrent pours forth, and its water disperses: (ISh:) and the [water-course, or channel, such as is called] مِذْنَب of a دَافِعَة [q. v.]; because this latter pours forth therein to another دافعة; (K, TA;) the مذنب being the channel between the دَافِعَتَانِ. (TA.) مِدْفَعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ, in two places. b2: [Its primary signification is An instrument for impelling, propelling, or repelling: and hence it is applied in modern Arabic to a cannon: and to an instrument used by midwives for protruding the fœtus. b3: Hence, also, it is used as an intensive epithet: and hence,] رُكْنٌ مِدْفَعٌ A strong corner. (TA.) مُدَفَّعٌ, applied to a camel, (tropical:) Held in high estimation by his owner; (A, K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back: (A, TA:) one that is reserved for covering, and not ridden nor laden; of which, when he is brought to be laden, one says, اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا, i. e. Leave thou this, sparing him. (As.) b2: Also, (applied to a camel, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Held in mean estimation by his owner; (K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back as despised. (TA.) Thus it bears two contr. meanings. (K.) b3: Applied to a man, (A, TA,) (tropical:) Poor, (S, A, TA,) and abject, (S,) whom every one repels from himself, (A, TA,) or because every one repels him from himself; (S;) used conjointly with مُدَقَّعٌ; i. e., you say, فُلَانٌ مُدَفَّعٌ مُدَقَّعٌ: (A, TA:) a man (assumed tropical:) despised, or held in contempt, (Lth, K,) as also ↓ مُتَدَافَعٌ; (Lth;) who does not show hospitality if he make one his guest, nor give if he be asked to give: (Lth:) and one (assumed tropical:) who is repelled, or repulsed, from his relations (الَّذِى دُفِعَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ: [نَسَبِهِ being used for ذَوِى

نَسَبِهِ, like as نَسَبًا is used in the Kur xxv. 56, for ذَوِى نَسَبٍ, as explained by Bd:]) (IDrd, K:) and a guest (assumed tropical:) whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself, every one turning him away to another. (IDrd, K.) b4: أَنَا مُدَفَّعٌ

إِلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا (tropical:) I am driven, compelled, or necessitated, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) مِدْفَاعٌ: see دَافِعٌ.

هُوَ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ غَيْرُ مُدَافَعٍ (assumed tropical:) He is the lord, or chief, of his people, or party, not straitened in his authority, nor thrust from it; (TA;) i. q. غَيْرُ مُزَاحَمٍ. (K.) المُدَافِعُ (assumed tropical:) The lion. (Sgh.) مُتَدافِعُ: see مُدَفَّعٌ.

قَوْلٌ مُتَدَافِعٌ (tropical:) [A saying of which one part opposes, or contradicts, another; a self-contradictory saying]. (TA.)

ضرس

1 ضَرَسَهُ, (A, TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (S, A, K,) He bit it: (TA:) or he bit it vehemently with the أَضْرَاس [pl. of ضِرْسٌ, q. v.]; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ ضرّسهُ: (A:) or with the ضَرْس. (T, TA.) b2: He (a beast of prey) chewed his flesh, (i. e., the flesh of his prey,) without swallowing it; (A;) as also ↓ ضرّسهُ. (A, TA.) b3: He bit it (namely an arrow) to try it; to know if it were hard or weak: (S:) he marked it (namely an arrow) by biting it with his أَضْرَاس, (M, A,) or with his teeth. (Az, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) He tried him with respect to his claims to knowledge or courage. (IAar.) b5: ضَرَسَتْهُ الخُطُوبُ, inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (tropical:) Things or affairs, or calamities, tried, or tested, him; as also ↓ ضرّستهُ. (TA.) b6: ضَرَسَتْهُ الحُرُوبُ, inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (tropical:) Wars tried, or proved, him, and rendered him expert, or strong; (TA;) as also ↓ ضرّستهُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. تَضْرِيسٌ. (S, K.) b7: ضَرَسَهُمُ الزَّمَانُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (K,) (tropical:) Fortune became severe, rigorous, afflictive, or adverse, to them; (S, A, K; *) as also ↓ ضرّسهم. (A, TA.) b8: ضَرَسَ نَابُهَا (tropical:) She was evil in disposition: (TA:) and ضَرْسٌ [alone] the being evil in disposition. (IAar.) b9: ضَرْسٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The biting of blame, or reprehension. (IAar.) b10: And (tropical:) The keeping silence during a day, until the night: (O, K, TA:) as though biting one's tongue. (TA.) b11: And ضَرَسَ البِئْرَ, aor. ـِ (O, K, TA) and ضَرُسَ, (TA,) inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (O, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He cased the well with stones: (O, K, TA:) or, as some say, he closed up the interstices of its casing with stones: and in like manner one says of any building. (TA.) A2: ضَرِسَتْ أَسْنَانُهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ضَرَسٌ, (S,) His teeth were set on edge (كَلَّتْ) by eating or drinking what was acid, or sour. (S, A, * K.) And ضَرِسَ الرَّجُلُ The man's teeth were set on edge. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Wahb Ibn-Munebbih, that a certain bastard, of the Children of Israel, offered an offering, and it was rejected; whereupon he said, يَا رَبِّ يَأْكُلُ

أَبَوَاىَ الحَمْضَ وَأَضْرَسُ أَنَا أَنْتَ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [O my Lord, my two parents eat sour herbage, and are my teeth set on edge? Thou art more gracious than to suffer that]: and his offering was accepted. (O in art. حمض.) [See Jer., xxxi. 29; and Ezek., xviii. 2.] b2: Also ضَرِسَ, inf. n. ضَرَسٌ, (tropical:) He was angry by reason of hunger: because hunger sharpens the أَضْرَاس. (TA.) b3: And ضَرِسُوا بِالحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) They persisted in war until they fought one another. (T, O, TA.) 2 ضرّسهُ inf. n. تَضْرِيسٌ: see ضَرَسَهُ, in five places. b2: تَضْرِيسٌ also signifies (tropical:) An indentation, or serration, (Az, TA,) like أَضْرَاس, (TA,) in a sapphire (يَاقُوتَة) and a pearl, or in wood. (Az, TA.) 3 ضَارَسْتُ الأُمُورَ (tropical:) I became experienced in affairs, and knew them. (T, TS.) A2: ضارسوا, (K,) inf. n. مُضَارَسَةٌ and ضِرَاسٌ; so in the Tekmileh; but in the M, ↓ تضارسوا; (TA;) (tropical:) They warred, or fought, one against another, and treated one another with enmity, or hostility: (K, TA:) from ضَرَسٌ, [inf. n. of ضَرِسَ,] signifying the “ being angry by reason of hunger. ” (TA.) 4 اضرسهُ It (acid, or sour, food, or drink,) set his teeth on edge; (Ibn-'Abbád, K; *) syn. أَكَلَّ أَسْنَانَهُ. (Ibn-'Abbád.) [And so, app., اضرس أَسْنَانَهُ.] b2: Also (tropical:) He, or it, (an affair, or event, S,) disquieted him. (Ibn-'Abbád, S, O, K, TA.) b3: And اضرسهُ بِالكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) He silenced him by speech. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) 5 تَضَرَّسَ see what next follows.6 تضارس, (S, A, K,) in the M ↓ تضرّس, (TA,) (tropical:) It (a building) was, or became, uneven, (S, M, A, K,) and irregular, (A,) having in it what resembled أَضْرَاس. (M.) A2: تضارسوا: see 3.

ضَرْسٌ (assumed tropical:) Land of which the herbage is here and there (IAar, T, O, K, TA) and on which rain has fallen here and there: (IAar, T, TA:) and a portion of land upon which rain has fallen a day or part of a day. (TA.) b2: See also ضِرْسٌ.

ضِرْسٌ A tooth: (S, K:) pl. أَضْرَاسٌ, and (sometimes, S, Msb) ضُرُوسٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَضْرُسٌ [which is a pl. of pauc., as is also, properly, the first of the pls. here mentioned]; and quasi-pl. n.

ضرس [written in the TA without any syll. signs, so that it may be ضَرْسٌ, or ضِرْسٌ (like the sing.), or ضَرَسٌ]; so in the M [of which I am unable to consult the portion containing this art.]: (TA:) or [a lateral tooth; for] the اضراس are the teeth, except the central incisors: (Mgh:) or [this explanation, which I find only in the Mgh, is incomplete, and the word sometimes means the teeth absolutely, but properly] the molar teeth, or grinders, which are twenty in number, [including the bicuspids,] next behind the canine teeth: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or i. q. أَرْحَآءٌ: (S and Msb and K, art. رحى: [see سِنٌّ: and see also رَبَاعِيَةٌ:] ضِرْسٌ is masc.; (Mgh, K;) and sometimes fem.: (Mgh:) or what is thus called is masc. when thus called; (S, Msb;) but if called سِنٌّ, it is fem.: (Msb:) or it is properly masc.; and if found in poetry made fem., سِنٌّ is meant thereby: (Zj, Msb:) but As denies its being made fem.; (Msb, TA;) and as to the saying ascribed to Dukeyn, فَفُقِئَتْ عَيْنٌ وَطَنَّتْ ضِرْسُ [And an eye was put out, and a tooth, or grinder, sounded], he says that the right reading is وَطَنَّ الضِّرْسُ [and the tooth, or grinder, sounded], and that he who heard these words understood them not. (TA.) What are called أَضْرَاسُ العَقْلِ and أَضْرَاسُ الحُلُم [The wisdom-teeth, and the teeth of puberty] are four: they come forth after the [other] teeth have become strong. (TA. [See نَاجِذٌ.]) b2: [Hence,] sing. of ضُرُوسٌ (K) which signifies (assumed tropical:) The stones with which a well is cased. (S, O, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A فِنْد [app. as meaning a peak, or the like,] in a mountain. (TA.) b4: and (assumed tropical:) A rough [hill, or eminence, or elevated place, such as is termed] أَكَمَة (T, O, K, TA) and [such as is termed] أَخْشَب: (T, TA:) or rough ground; written by Sgh ↓ ضَرْسٌ: (IAar, TA:) or a portion of a [tract such as is termed] قُفّ, somewhat elevated, very rugged, rough to the tread, consisting of a single piece of stone [or rock], unmixed with clay, or soil, and not giving growth to anything: pl. ضُرُوسٌ. (TA.) b5: Also (tropical:) Light rain: (IAar, TA:) or a rain little in quantity: (S, O:) or a light rain: pl. ضُرُوسٌ: (K:) or ضُرُوسٌ مِنْ مَطَرٍ means scattered rains: (As, TA:) or scattered showers of rain: (S, O:) and some say, i. q. جُدُر [app. a mistranscription, probably for خَدَرٌ, which signifies rain; or clouds, or mist, and rain]: and [it is. said that] ضِرْسٌ signifies also a raining cloud that has not [much] width. (TA.) A2: See also مُضَرَّسٌ, last sentence.

ضَرِسٌ A man having his teeth set on edge. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A man angry by reason of hunger; (Az, K, TA;) because hunger sharpens the أَضْرَاس: (TA:) and ↓ ضَرِيسٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) very hungry; (K, TA;) so that there is nothing that comes to him but he eats it, by reason of hunger: (TA:) pl. of the latter ضَرَاسَى, like as حَزَانَى is a pl. of حَزِينٌ. (K.) b3: And (tropical:) A man (S, A, O) refractory, untractable, perverse, stubborn, or obstinate, in disposition: (Yz, S, A, O, K:) evil in disposition, or illnatured, and very perverse or cross or repugnant and averse; syn. شَرِسٌ. (K.) You say رَجُلٌ ضَرِسٌ شَرِسٌ. (Yz, S, A, O.) [See ضَرُوسٌ.] b4: See also مُضَرَّسٌ, last sentence.

ضِرْسَةٌ Ruggedness, and roughness. (TA.) ضُرَاسٌ Toothache. (MA.) ضِرَاسٌ [seems to signify, properly, A disposition to bite]. b2: [Hence,] النَّاقَةُ بِجِنِّ ضِرَاسِهَا means (assumed tropical:) The she-camel is in the case of the recentness of her bringing forth, when she defends her young one; from the epithet ضَرُوسٌ; (S, Meyd, O; but in the S and O, هِىَ, referring to the she-camel, is put in the place of الناقة;) and is a prov., applied to the man whose nature is evil on the occasion of his defending. (Meyd.) And one says, اِتَّقِ النَّاقَةَ بِجِنِّ ضِرَاسِهَا, meaning (tropical:) Beware thou of the she-camel in the case of the recentness of her bringing forth, and of her evil disposition towards him who approaches her, by reason of her attachment to her young one. (A, TA.) [In the TA, in art. جن, this saying is mentioned with ضِرَامِهَا in the place of ضِرَاسِهَا: the former may perhaps be another reading; but I rather think that it is a mistranscription for the latter. And in the present art. in the TA, it is added that Sgh has mentioned (app. in the TS, for he has not done so in the O,) El-Báhilee's having explained الضِّرَاسُ as meaning سِيْمٌ لهم; and that it is likewise explained in the T as meaning سِيْمٌ: but I know no such word as سِيْمٌ; nor do I know any word of which it is likely to be a mistranscription, though I have diligently searched for such. This word سِيْمٌ has been altered by the copyist in each instance in the TA; so that it seems to have been indistinctly written by the author.] b3: [Hence also] ضِرَاسُ الحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) The biting of war. (Ham p. 532.) ضَرُوسٌ A she-camel of evil disposition, (S, K,) that bites her milker: (S, A, K:) or that has a habit of biting to defend her young one. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَرْبٌ ضَرُوسٌ (tropical:) Devouring, biting, war: (TA:) or vehement war. (Ham p. 87.) A2: and A she-camel whose flow, or stream, of milk does not make any sound to be heard. (TA.) ضَرِيسٌ (assumed tropical:) Stones resembling أَضْرَاس [i. e. teeth or lateral teeth or molar teeth]: with such, a well is cased. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The vertebræ of the back. (O, K.) A2: Also, and ↓ مَضْرُوسَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) A well (بِئْرٌ) cased with stones. (S, K.) b2: See also ضَرِسٌ.

أَضْرَسُ an imitative sequent to أَخْرَسُ as an epithet applied to a man. (S, K.) مُضَرَّسٌ (assumed tropical:) A sort of figured cloth or garment, (S, O, K,) having upon it forms resembling أَضْرَاس [i. e. teeth or lateral teeth or molar teeth], (K,) or thought by IF to be thus called because having upon it such forms: (O:) or, applied as an epithet to [the kind of garments called]

رَيْط, as meaning figured with the marks of folding: or meaning folded in a square form: or, as some say, مُضَرَّسَةٌ signifies a sort of cloths, or garments, upon which are lines and ornamental borders. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) An arrow that is not smooth, or even; because it has in it what resemble أَضْرَاس. (TA.) b3: And حرَّةٌ مُضَرَّسَةٌ and ↓ مَضْرُوسَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A stony tract] in which are stones like the أَضْرَاس of dogs. (A'Obeyd, S, K.) A2: Also (tropical:) A man who has been tried, or proved, or tried and strengthened, by experience; (A, TA;) whom trials have befallen, as though he had been bitten thereby: (TA:) who has been tried, or proved, and rendered expert, or strong, by wars, (S, A,) and by affairs, or calamities: (A:) like مُنَجَّذٌ from نَاجِذٌ: (A, TA:) or who has become experienced in affairs: (AA, S:) one who has travelled, and become experienced in affairs, and fought; as also ↓ ضِرْسٌ and ↓ ضَرِسٌ. (TA.) المُضَرِّسُ The lion, that chews the flesh of his prey without swallowing it: (O, K:) or the lion; so called because he does thus. (TA.) مَضْرُوسَةٌ: see ضَرِيسٌ: and also مُضَرَّسٌ.

ضبط

1 ضَبَطَهُ, (Lth, IDrd, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, MS, PS,) or ـُ (TA, TK,) inf. n. ضَبْطٌ (IDrd, Msb, K) and ضَبَاطَةٌ, (K,) He kept it, preserved it, guarded it, maintained it, or took care of it, (Lth, S, Msb, K,) namely, a thing, (Lth, S,) with prudence, precaution, or good judgment, (Lth, S, K,) or effectually: (Msb:) and hence, (assumed tropical:) he managed its affairs (namely, the affairs of a country &c.,) thoroughly, soundly, not imperfectly: (Msb:) [he managed it; namely, an affair, and his soul or self, his disposition or temper, &c.:] he kept to it inseparably, or constantly; namely, anything: (Lth:) he took it, or held it, or retained it, strongly, vehemently, or firmly: (IDrd:) and ضَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ [has this last signification, likewise; or signifies simply he detained it, or withheld it, or restrained it, or the like;] i. q. حَبَسَهُ, namely a thing. (TA.) b2: فُلَانٌ لَا يَضْبُطُ عَمَلَهُ [or لا يَضْبِطُهُ] (tropical:) Such a one does not, or will not, act vigorously in his work, or employment, which is committed to him; syn. لَا يَقُومُ بِهِ. (TA.) And ضَبَطَ أَمْرَهُ [He managed his affair thoroughly, or well]. (A in art. بد, &c.) [And ضَبَطَ alone, He (a camel) was strong to work or labour: and he (a man and a camel) was strong, or powerful. (See the act. part. n.)] b3: هُوَ لَا يَضْبُطُ قِرَآءَتَهُ [or لا يَضْبِطُهَا] (tropical:) He does not, or will not, perform well [or accurately] his reading, or reciting. (TA.) b4: [ضَبَطَ لَفْظًا, or كَلِمَةً, (assumed tropical:) He fixed the pronunciation of a word; by adding the syllabical signs, which mode is termed ضَبْطٌ بِالشَّكْلِ, and بِالحَرَكَاتِ, and بِالقَلَمِ; or by stating it to be similar in form, or measure, to another word which is too well known to admit of doubt, which mode is termed ضَبْطٌ بِمِثَالٍ; or by adding the measure, which mode is termed ضَبْطٌ بِوَزْنٍ.] b5: ضَبَطَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He registered, or recorded, [a name, or] a matter of science, [or any other thing,] in a book or the like; syn. قَيَّدَ; (L in art. قيد;) i. q. أَحْصَى; (Jel in xxxvi. 11, and Bd and Jel in lxxviii.

29;) and كَتَبَ. (Bd in lxxviii. 29.) b6: ضَبَطَهُ وَجَعٌ (tropical:) A pain seized him. (TA.) b7: ضُبِطَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The land was rained upon. (IAar, K, TA.) [See also مَضْبُوطٌ.]

A2: ضَبِطَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) inf. n. ضَبَطٌ, (Msb,) He was, or became, ambidextrous; he worked with each of his hands. (S, Msb.) IDrd knew not this verb. (TA.) 5 تضبّطهُ He took it with detention and force. (K, TA.) b2: تضبّطت الضَّأْنُ The sheep obtained somewhat of herbage: or hastened, or were quick, in pasturing, and became strong (K, TA) and fat. (TA.) The Arabs say, إِذَا تَضَبِّطَتِ الضَّأْنُ شَبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ [When the sheep obtain somewhat of herbage, or hasten, &c., the camels become satiated with food]: for the former are called the smaller camels, because they eat more than goats; and when the former become satiated with food, men [and camels] live [in plenty], by reason of the abundance of the herbage. (IAar.) ضَبْطٌ inf. n. of 1. b2: [It is often used as signifying (assumed tropical:) Exactness; correctness; honesty; and faithfulness: and particularly in an author or a relater.]

الضَّبْطَةُ A certain game of the Arabs; (K, TA;) also called المَسَّةُ and الطَّرِيدَةُ. (TA. [See the last of these words.]) رَجُلٌ ضَبَّاطٌ لِلْأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) A man having much care, prudence, or precaution, [or good judgment,] with respect to [the management of] affairs; (TA;) [a man who manages affairs with much care, &c.]

ضَبَنْطًى: see the next paragraph.

ضَابِطٌ [Keeping, preserving, guarding, maintaining, or taking care of, a thing, with prudence, precaution, or good judgment, or effectually: (see 1:) and hence,] (assumed tropical:) one who manages his affairs with prudence, precaution, or good judgment; or soundly, taking the sure course therein, and exercising caution, or care, that they may not become beyond his power of management: (S, TA:) [keeping to anything inseparably, or constantly: (see, again, 1:)] taking, holding, or retaining, a thing strongly, vehemently, or firmly; applied to a man; as also ↓ ضَبَنْطًى: (IDrd:) or the latter of these, (S,) which is like حَبَنْطًُى, (K, [in some copies of the K erroneously written without tenween,]) the ن being augmentative, to render the word quasi-coordinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ; (S;) or both; applied to a man and to a camel; (K;) strong, or powerful: (S, K:) or [a man] great in might, or valour, and power, and body: (T, TA:) and the former, a camel strong to work or labour: and in like manner, applied to a man, ضَابِطُ الأُمُورِ (tropical:) the strong [and resolute or firm-minded] in the performance or management of affairs. (TA.) See also أَضْبَطُ. b2: [It often signifies (assumed tropical:) Exact; correct; or accurate; (like مُحَقِّقٌ, with which it is said to be syn. in Har p. 254;) and honest; and faithful: and particularly as applied to an author or a relater.]

A2: As a conventional term, ضَابِطٌ, (Msb in art. قعد,) or ↓ ضَابِطَةٌ, pl. ضَوَابِطُ, (TA,) is syn. with قَاعِدَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) signifying (assumed tropical:) A universal, or general, rule, or canon: (Msb:) or a ضابط is one that comprises subdivisions of one class only; whereas a قاعدة comprises [sometimes] subdivisions of various classes. (Kull, p. 290.) ضَابِطَةٌ A place in land, or in the ground, to which the rain-water flows, and which retains it; syn. مَسَّاكَةٌ. (TA.) A2: See also ضَابِطٌ, last sentence.

أَضْبَطُ [More, and most, strong, or firm, of hold]. It is said in a prov., أَضْبَطُ مِنْ ذَرَّةٍ [More strong, or firm, of hold than a little ant]: because it drags along a thing several times larger than itself, and sometimes both fall from a high place, and the ant does not let go the thing. (K.) and أَضْبَطُ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ بْنِ عَثْمٍ; (K;) so accord. to Hamzeh and Abu-n-Nedà; but accord. to ElMundhiree, عَابِسَة; (Sgh;) [More strong, or firm, of hold than 'Áïsheh the son of 'Athm; or than 'Ábiseh;] because he laid hold of the tail of a young she-camel, and pulled her by it out of a well into which she had fallen. (K.) And أَضْبَطُ مِنَ الأَعْمَى [More strong, or firm, of hold than the blind]. (TA.) b2: Ambidextrous; who works with each of his hands; (S, Mgh, Msb;) i. q. أَعْسَرُ يَسَرٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) who works with his left hand like as he works with his right; an explanation given by the Prophet; as also that next following; (AO, TA;) who works with both his hands: (AO, K:) fem. ضَبْطَآءُ. (S.) b3: الأَضْبَطُ The lion; (K;) who makes use of his left paw like as he makes use of his right; but some say that he is so called because he seizes his prey vehemently, and it hardly, or never, escapes from him; (TA;) as also ↓ الضّابِطُ. (K.) ضَبْطَآءُ is also applied as an epithet to a lioness; and to a she-camel. (TA.) مَضْبُوطٌ [pass. part. n. of ضَبَطَ in all its senses. b2: In the present day often used as signifying Well-regulated; exact; correct; honest; and faithful.] Applied to a book, or writing, (tropical:) Having its defects, faults, or imperfections, rectified. (TA.) [Applied to a word, (assumed tropical:) Having its pronunciation fixed, by any of the means described above in one of the explanations of the verb.] b3: بَلَدٌ مَضْبُوطٌ بِالمَطَرِ (tropical:) A country covered by the rain: so in the A: in the O, أَرْضٌ مَضْبُوطَةٌ (tropical:) land rained upon in common, or throughout its whole extent. (TA.) [See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.]

ضحك

1 ضَحِكَ, (S, MA, O, Msb, K, &c.,) and some say ضِحِكْتُ, with kesr to the ض, (TA, as from the K, [but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K,]) to agree with the vowel of the ح because the latter is a faucial letter, and this is a correct dial. var. of which similar instances are mentioned, and ضَحَكَ also is said to be a well known dial. var. of ضَحِكَ, (TA,) aor. ـَ (S. O,) inf. n. ضَحِكٌ and ضِحْكٌ (S, MA, O, Msb, K, KL) and ضَحْكٌ, (S, MA, O, K, KL,) the first of which is the superior form, (IDrd, O,) [the second and third being contractions thereof,] and ضِحِكٌ, (S, O, K, KL,) and if you said ضَحَكٌ it would be agreeable with analogy, (Az, TA,) He laughed; (MA, KL, PS, TK;) contr. of بَكَى: (TK:) [see also 6:] الضَّحِكُ is well known, as meaning the expanding of the face, and displaying of the teeth, by reason of happiness, joy, or gladness; and التَّبَسُّمُ is the beginning thereof: thus in the Towsheeh and other works: (MF, TA:) and in like manner in the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib]; in which it is added that it is also used as meaning simply the being happy, joyful, or glad: and sometimes as meaning simply the wondering [at a thing]; and this is the meaning intended by him who says that it is peculiar to man: (TA:) [i. e.] ضَحِكَ, said of a man, signifies also he wondered; syn. عَجِبَ; (O, K, TA;) with مِنْ preposed to the object of wonder: (TA:) or he was frightened; or he feared. (K, TA.) You say, ضَحِكَ مِنْهُ and بِهِ, both meaning the same, (S, O, Msb,) i. e. He laughed at him; derided him; or ridiculed him: or he wondered at him. (Msb.) And ضَحِكَ إِلَيْهِ [He behaved laughingly, or cheerfully, towards him]. (IDrd and K in art. بش [See بَشَّ لَهُ.]) b2: Said of an ape, He uttered a cry or cries: (K:) or one says of the ape when he utters a cry or cries, يَضْحَكُ, (S, TA,) meaning he displays his teeth, or grins. (TA.) b3: And ضَحِكَ السَّحَابُ (tropical:) The clouds lightened. (S, O, K, TA.) Hence the usage of the verb in a trad. cited voce تَحَدَّثَ. (O, TA.) b4: And ضَحِكَ الغَدِيرُ i. e. (tropical:) [The pool of water left by a torrent] glistened by reason of its fulness. (TA.) b5: [And ضَحِكَ ثَغْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His front teeth, or his teeth, glistened by reason of his laughing; meaning he laughed so as to show his front teeth, or his teeth.] b6: And ضَحِكَ الزَّهْرُ (tropical:) The flowers [looked gay, or] were as though they were laughing. (TA.) And ضَحِكَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The earth, or land, put forth its plants, or herbage, and its flowers. (TA.) And ضَحِكَتِ الرِّيَاضُ عَنِ الأَزْهَارِ (tropical:) The meadows, or gardens, displayed the flowers. (TA.) b7: And ضَحِكَتِ النَّخْلَةُ (tropical:) The palm-tree put forth [or disclosed] its ضَحْك; as also ↓ أَضْحَكَت; (TA;) [i. e.] the spathe of the palm-tree, (Skr, O, TA,) that covered the طَلْع [or spadix], (O,) burst open. (Skr, O, TA.) And ضَحِكَ الطَّلْعُ (tropical:) The طلع [here app. meaning the spathe of the palm-tree] split, or clave, open; and so تَبَسَّمَ. (TA.) b8: And, as some assert, (ISd, TA,) ضَحِكَتْ signifies also (tropical:) She menstruated; said of a hare; (ISd, Z, O, Msb, TA;) accord. to some, from the ضَحَّاك [meaning the interior] of the طَلْعَة [of the palm-tree] when it bursts open; (ISd, TA;) and hence, (K, TA,) said also in this sense of a woman, (O, Msb, K, TA,) accord. to Mujáhid, (O, TA,) and some others, (TA,) in the Kur xi. 74, (O, K, TA,) where some read فَضَحَكَتْ, which is said to be a well-known dial. var.; (TA;) and likewise, accord. to some, said in this sense of the hyena, (O, TA,) when she sees blood, or as IAar says, when she eats the flesh of men and drinks their blood: (TA:) [it is commonly asserted by the Arabs that] the hare menstruates like women: (Kzw:) but with respect to this meaning as assigned to the verb in the Kur xi. 74, Fr says that he had not heard it from any person deserving of confidence; (O, TA; *) and Zj says that it is nought: both say that the meaning there is, she laughed by reason of happiness: (TA:) and some say that there is an inversion in this case, what is meant being فَبَشَّرْنَاهَا بِإِسْحٰقَ فَضَحِكَتْ: (Fr, O, TA:) or the meaning is, she wondered; so says I'Ab; and so Er-Rághib, who adds that it is confirmed by her saying, “ shall I bring forth a child when I am an old woman, and this my husband is an old man? verily this is indeed a wonderful thing: ” and that فَحَاضَتْ which is inserted by some of the expositors after فَضَحِكَتْ is not an explanation of this expression, as some of them have imagined it to be, but is the mention of [a fact which was] a sign that the announcement was not that of an event improbable: or the meaning is, she was frightened; so says Fr.: (TA:) and with respect to the meaning of this verb when said of the hyena, mentioned above, it is rejected by AHát and others: (TA:) IDrd says, on the authority of AHát, respecting the following verse of TaäbbataSharrà, تَضْحَكُ الضَّبْعُ لِقَتْلَى هُذَيْلٍ

وَتَرَى الذِّئْبَ لَهَا يَسْتَهِلُّ that the meaning is (assumed tropical:) The hyena displays her teeth, or grins, on account of the slain [of Hudheyl], when she sees them, like as they say of the ass when he plucks out the [plant called] صِلِّيَانَة; (O, TA;) or, as others say, (assumed tropical:) the hyena snarls, displaying her teeth; and sees the wolf raising his voice in calling the [other] wolves to them, i. e. to the slain: (O, TA:*) Abu-l-' Abbás says that the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) the hyena displays her teeth, because the wolf contends with her over the slain: and some say that the poet means, (assumed tropical:) the hyena rejoices because of the slain. (TA.) b9: One says also, ضَحِكَتِ السَّمُرَةُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The سمرة [or gum-acacia-tree] flowed with its gum: from ضحكت meaning “ she menstruated. ” (Bd in xi. 74.) 3 مُضَاحَكَةٌ [inf. n. of ضاحكهُ] signifies [The contending, or vying, in laughing, with another; or the laughing with another; or] the laughing together. (KL.) b2: [Hence,] one says, النَّوْرُ يُضَاحِكُ الشَّمْسَ (assumed tropical:) [The flowers vie in brightness with the sun]. (TA.) b3: And إِنَّ رَأْيَكَ لَيُضَاحِكُ المُشْكِلَاتِ (tropical:) [Verily thy judgment makes sport with ambiguities]; said to him to whom confused and dubious things are apparent and known. (TA.) 4 اضحكهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. إِضْحَاكٌ, (KL,) said of God, (S, O,) or of a man, (K,) He made him, or caused him, to laugh. (S, * O, * K, * KL, PS.) b2: [Hence,] اضحك الضَّبُعَ, said of blood, (TA,) or of the sword, (O, TA,) (assumed tropical:) [It made the hyena to display her teeth; or to snarl, displaying her teeth: or to rejoice: (see 1, latter part:) but explained as meaning] (tropical:) it made the hyena to menstruate. (TA.) b3: And اضحك الحَوْضَ (tropical:) He filled the wateringtrough so that it overflowed: (O, TA:) its glistening being likened to laughing. (TA.) b4: See also 1, near the middle of the paragraph.5 تَضَحَّكَ see the next paragraph.6 تضاحك and ↓ تضحّك [are both mentioned in the K and TA as though syn. with each other and with ضَحِكَ: and accord. to the KL, the former signifies He laughed: but accord. to the TK, the latter signifies he manifested laughing: or] the former is syn. with ↓ استضحك [app. as meaning he affected to laugh, or laughing: or, more exactly, agreeably with analogy, like the contr. تَبَاكَى and اِسْتَبْكَى, the former signifies thus; and the latter, he desired to laugh]. (S.) b2: And you say also, هُمْ يَتَضَاحَكُونَ [meaning They laugh together, one with another]. (K.) 10 إِسْتَضْحَكَ see the next preceding paragraph.

ضَحْكٌ [originally an inf. n., a contraction of ضَحِكٌ,] The appearance, or appearing, of the central incisors [or of the front teeth] by reason of happiness, joy, or gladness. (TA.) b2: and hence, (TA,) Wonder. (K, TA.) A2: [As an epithet,] A man whose teeth are white. (As, O, TA.) A3: [And as a subst., properly so termed,] White front teeth. (As, O, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Honey: (K:) or white honey; (Ibn-Es-Seed, TA;) likened to the front teeth because of its intense whiteness: (AA, O, TA:) or honey in its comb; syn. شَهْدٌ. (K.) b3: And, (O, K,) some say, (O,) (assumed tropical:) Fresh butter. (O, K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Snow. (O, K.) b5: and (assumed tropical:) Blossoms, or flowers, or white blossoms or flowers; syn. نَوْرٌ: (O, and so in copies of the K:) or light; syn. نُورٌ. (So in a copy of the K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The طَلْع [or spadix] of the palm-tree when its envelope bursts open from it; (S, * O, * K;) in the dial. of Belhárith Ibn-Kaab: (O:) accord. to Th, what is in the interior of the طَلْعَة [here meaning spathe of the palm-tree]: as AA says, the وَلِيعَة, or وَلِيع [thus differently written in two different places in the TA,] of the طَلْع [or spathe of the palm-tree], which is eaten; as also ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ. (TA.) b7: and (assumed tropical:) The middle of a road; (K, TA;) and so, accord. to the K, ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ; but, correctly, this should have been there mentioned as syn. with ضَحْكٌ in the sense next preceding. (TA.) ضَحْكَةٌ A single act of ضَحِك [or laughing; i. e. a laugh]. (S, O.) A2: [The pl.] ضَحْكَاتٌ signifies (tropical:) The best of everything: and ضَحْكَاتُ القُلُوبِ, the best of possessions, or wealth, and of children: so says Aboo-Sa'eed. (TA.) ضُحْكَةٌ A thing, (Lth, TA,) or a man, (S, O. TA,) that is laughed at, or ridiculed; i. e. يُضْحَكُ مِنْهُ: (S, O, K, TA:) an epithet importing more discommendation than ضُحَكَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also مَضْحَكٌ.

ضُحَكَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) an epithet importing discommendation, (K,) and ↓ ضُحُكَّةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ, (Msb, K,) an epithet importing commendation, (TA, [but the contr. is implied, or rather plainly indicated, in the K,]) and ↓ ضَحُوكٌ, (K,) and ↓ مِضْحَاكٌ, (S, O, K,) which last is [also] applied to a woman, (S, O,) One who laughs much (كَثِيرُ الضَّحِكِ). (S, O, Msb, K.) ضُحُكَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ضَحُوكٌ: see ضُحَكَةٌ. b2: [Also] A man cheerful in countenance. (O.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A wide road: (S, O:) or (tropical:) a distinct, an apparent, or a conspicuous, road; as also ↓ ضَحَّاكٌ: pl. of the former (in this sense, TA) ضُحْكٌ. (K, TA.) ضَحَّاكٌ: see ضُحَكَةٌ: b2: and see ضَحْكٌ, last two sentences: b3: and ضَحُوكٌ.

ضَاحِكٌ Laughing; [&c.;] (KL;) act. part. n. of ضَحِكَ. (Msb, K.) b2: Also applied to clouds (سَحَاب), meaning (tropical:) Appearing, or extending sideways, in the horizon, and lightening. (S, O, TA.) b3: [And to the tooth (السِّنّ, used as a gen. n.): thus in the phrase ضَاحِكَ السِّنِّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Laughingly, so as to display the teeth.] b4: See also ضَاحِكَةٌ. b5: Also, [or perhaps حَجَرٌ ضَاحِكٌ,] (tropical:) Very white stone appearing in a mountain (IDrd, O, TA.) of any colour, as though laughing. (IDrd, O, TA.) b6: One says also رَأْىٌ ضَاحِكٌ, meaning (tropical:) Judgment that is plain, or perspicuous, (TA,) not confused or dubious. (O, TA.) b7: And, [using ضاحك as a gen. n.,] مَا أَكْثَرَ ضَاحِكَ نَخْلِكُمْ (tropical:) [How numerous are the bursting spathes of your palm-trees!]. (TA.) b8: [And an instance of ضَاحِكٌ applied to a woman, without ة, meaning (assumed tropical:) Menstruating, is cited by Bd, in xi. 74.]

ضَاحِكَةٌ, (S, O, K,) or ↓ ضَاحِكٌ, (Msb,) or both, (Mgh,) (tropical:) The tooth next behind the نَاب [or canine tooth]; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e. the anterior bicuspid;] any one of the four teeth that are between the أَنْيَاب and the أَضْرَاس: (S, O, K:) or any one of the teeth that are in front of the أَضْرَاس that appear on the occasion of laughing: (K:) pl. ضَوَاحِكُ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) أَوضَحُوا بِضَاحِكَةٍ (O, TA,) a phrase occurring in a trad., (O,) means (assumed tropical:) They smiled. (TA.) أُضْحُوكَةٌ [A laughable thing;] a thing at which one laughs: (O, K, TA:) and ↓ مَضْحَكَةٌ signifies [in like manner a cause of laughter;] a thing at which one laughs, or which one ridicules: pl. of the former أَضَاحِيكُ. (TA.) [See also مُضْحِكَاتٌ.]

مَضْحَكٌ lit. A place of laughing: the front teeth; because they appear in laughing; like مَبْسِمٌ: pl. مَضَاحِكُ.] One says, بَدَتْ مَضَاحِكُهُ and ↓ ضُحْكَتُهُ and [in like manner] مَبَاسِمُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His front teeth appeared, by his laughing]. (TA.) مَضْحَكَةٌ: see أُضْحُوكَةٌ.

مُضْحِكَاتٌ [pl. of مُضْحِكَةٌ] i. q. نَوَادِرُ [as meaning Extraordinary things or sayings, particularly such as cause laughter: see also أُضْحُوكَةٌ]. (TA.) مِضْحَاكٌ: see ضُحَكَةٌ.

غسل

1 غَسَلَهُ, (S, MA, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. غَسْلٌ, (S, MA, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and غُسْلٌ is the subst, (S, Msb,) or a subst. (Mgh, K, TA) from الاِغْتِسَالُ, (Mgh, TA,) or, as some say. the latter is the inf. n. and the former is the subst., (MF, TA,) He washed it; with water (بِالمَآءِ): (MA:) غَسْلُ الشّىْءِ signifies the removing of dirt, or filth, and the like thereof, from the thing, by making water to run over it. (Mgh.) You say, غَسَلَ الجِلْدَ كُلَّهُ [He washed the skin, all of it], and المَيِّتَ [the dead body]: and ↓ غسّل has the like, but an intensive, meaning. (Msb.) See also 10. b2: وَاغْسِلْنِى بِمَآءِ الثَّلْجِ وَالبَرَدِ [lit. and wash Thou me with the water of snow and of hail], in a trad. relating to [forms of] prayer, means (assumed tropical:) and cleanse Thou me from sins. (TA.) and one says, غَسَلَ اللّٰهُ حَوْبَتَكَ i. e. (assumed tropical:) May God cleanse thee from thy sin. (TA.) b3: مَا غَسَلُوا رُؤُوسَهُمْ مِنْ يَوْمِ الجَمَلِ [lit. They did not wash their heads &c., as one does in cleansing himself from impurity,] means مَا فَرَغُوا and مَا تَخَلَّصُوا [i. e., app., (assumed tropical:) they did not become free from the consequences of the Day of the Camel (the famous engagement between the forces of 'Alee and those of Áïsheh)]. (TA.) b4: And one says of a horse, غُسِلَ, like عُنِىَ, meaning He sweated; [or became suffused with sweat;] (Sh, O, K;) as also ↓ اِغْتَسَلَ (K.) [See an ex. of the former in a verse cited in art. عدو, conj. 3.] b5: غَسَلَ المَرْأَةَ signifies (tropical:) He compressed the woman (جَامَعَهَا); (Az, Mgh, O, TA;) like عَسَلَهَا, with ع; (Az, Mgh, TA;) much or little; (TA;) and ↓ غَسَّلَهَا signifies the same: (Mgh, O, TA:) or both signify he did so much. (K.) It is said in a trad., (Mgh, O, TA,) respecting [preparation for the prayers of] Friday, (Mgh,) مَنْ غَسَلَ وَاغْتَسَلَ, as some relate it, or, as others relate it, واغتسل ↓ من غَسَّلَ; the latter of which is said to mean Whose compresses his wife [before his going to the mosque]; (Mgh, O;) and El-Kutabee says that most hold this to be the meaning; i. e., lest he should see in his way anything that might divert his heart [from devotion]; (Mgh;) [and then washes himself;] and Az held غَسَلَ, without teshdeed to be correct (Mgh, O) in this sense: (Mgh:) or the meaning accord. to the reading of غسّل is, whose performs the [ablution termed] وُضُوءْ fully, washing every member [of those that are to be washed] three times, (Mgh, O,) and then washes himself for the [prayers of] Friday; (Mgh;) and accord. to IAmb, it means whose washes himself after الجِمَاع and then washes himself for the [prayers of] Friday; (O:) accord. to the K, ↓ التَّغْسِيلَ signifies the exceeding the ordinary bounds in washing the members: (TA:) he who explains as meaning the causing a woman to become under the obligation of performing a total ablution, بِأَنْ وَطِئَهَا, says what is improbable, and departs from the authorities respecting it. (Mgh.) b6: One say, also, غَسَلَ الفَحْلُ النَّاقَةَ, meaning (tropical:) The stallion covered the she-camel much. (K, TA.) [See also 4.] b7: And غَسَلَ, aor. ـِ (K, TA,) inf. n. غَسْلٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He beat, and caused to suffer pain, (K, TA,) بِالسَّوْطِ [with the whip]. (TA.) 2 غَسَّلَ see the preceding paragraph, in four places 4 اغسل [said of a stallion, and intrans.,] (assumed tropical:) He covered much, or often; syn. أَكْثَرَ الضِّرَابَ (Fr, O, K.) [See also 1, last explanation but one.]7 انغسل said of a thing is quasi-pass. of غَسَلَهُ [i. e. it signifies It became washed, or washed off]. (O, TA.) [See غِسْلِينٌ.]8 اغتسل (S, O, Mgh, Msb, K) He washed [himself, i. e.] his whole person, (Mgh,) بِالمَآءِ [with water]. (S, Mgh, O, K.) And اغتسل لِلْجُمْعَةِ [He washed himself for the prayers of Friday]. (IAmb, O.) b2: And اغتسل بِالطِّيبِ He daubed, or smeared, himself, or did so copiously, so as to cause a dripping, (تَضَمَّخَ, Lh, TA,) or he sprinkled himself, (تَنَضَّخَ, K,) with perfume. (Lh, K.) b3: اغتسل said of a horse: see 1.10 إِسْتَغْسَلَ It is said in a trad., العَيْنُ حَقٌّ فَإِذَا اسْتُغْسِلْتُمْ

↓ فَاغْسِلُوا [The evil eye is a truth; so when ye are asked to wash, wash ye]: i. e., when he who was smitten by the eye of any one demanded [the performance of what is here meant], he brought to the smiter therewith a bowl in which was water, and he [the latter] would put his hand into it, and rinse his mouth [with some of it], then spit it out into the bowl; then he would wash his face in it; then he would put in his left hand, and pour upon his right hand; then he would put in his right hand, and pour upon his left hand; [then he would put in his left hand (a clause omitted in my original),] and pour upon his right elbow; then he would put in his right hand, and pour upon his left elbow; then he would put in his left hand, and pour upon his right foot; then he would put in his right hand, and pour upon his left foot; then he would put in his left hand, and pour upon his right knee; then he would put in his right hand, and pour upon his left knee; then he would wash what is termed دَاخِلَةُ الإِزَارِ [expl. in art. دخل]: and he would not put the bowl upon the ground: then he would pour that used water upon the head of the person smitten with the eye, from behind him, with one pouring; and he would be cured, with the permission of God. (TA.) غَسْلٌ inf. n. of غَسَلَهُ: (S, MA, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, this and ↓ غُسْلٌ have one and the same meaning; and the saying that this is the case is ascribed to Sb: (Msb:) or, as some say, the latter is the inf. n., and the former is the subst. (MF, TA.) See also the next paragraph.

غُسْلٌ the subst. from غَسَلَهُ [i. e. a subst. signifying A washing]: (S, Msb:) or a subst. (IKoot, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) from الاغتسال, (IKoot, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and [as such] signifying a complete washing [of oneself, i. e.] of the whole person: (IKoot, T, Mgh, Msb, TA:) it is in consequence of جَنَابَة [q. v.], and of childbirth, and for [the prayers of] Friday, and is the washing of the dead; but in other cases, the word ↓ غَسْلٌ, with fet-h, is used: (Ham p. 30:) and one says ↓ غُسُلٌ as well as غُسْلٌ, (S, O,) the former being a dial. var. of the latter: (TA:) El-Kumeyt says, describing a wild ass, تَحْتَ الأَلَآءَةِ فِى نَوْعَيْنِ مِنْ غُسُلٍ

بَاتَا عَلَيْهِ بِتَسْجَالٍ وَتَقْطَارِ [Beneath the (tree called) أَلَآءَة, in two sorts of washing that continued during the night upon him with much pouring and much dropping]; meaning that the water that was upon the tree poured upon him at one time; and at one time, that of the rain: (S, TA:) the pl. of غُسْلٌ is أَغْسَالٌ. (Msb.) See also غَسْلٌ. b2: And see غَسُولٌ.

غِسْلٌ A preparation for washing the head, consisting of خِطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallows] and other things (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) of a similar kind, (Mgh, Msb, K,) [with water,] as [leaves of] the [species of lote-tree called] سِدْر, (Msb,) and طِين, (TA,) or طِينَةُ الرَّأْسِ, [meaning fullers' earth, which is often used in the bath and elsewhere instead of soap,] (Mgh,) and أُشْنَان [or potash]: (TA:) [and app. any wash for the head:] and ↓ غِسْلَةٌ signifies the same: (Mgh, K:) and also (this latter) leaves of the myrtle: and perfume; syn. طِيبٌ: and what a woman puts into her hair on the occasion of combing and dressing it: (K:) غِسْلَةٌ مُطَرَّاةٌ being myrtle [-leaves] rendered fragrant with aromatic perfumes, used in combing and dressing one's hair: one should not say غَسْلَةٌ. (S, O.) IAar cites the following verse (S, O) of 'Abd-Er-Rahmán Ibn-Dárah El-Ghatafánee, (O,) فَيَا لَيْلَ إِنَّ الغِسْلَ مَا دُمْتِ أَيِّمًا عَلَىَّ حَرَامٌ لَا يَمَسُّنِىَ الغِسْلُ [And, O Leylà, (لَيْلَ being a contraction of لَيْلَى, but in the O it is يا جُمْلُ O Juml,) verily the wash for the head, as long as thou remainest husbandless, shall be unlawful to me: the wash for the head shall not touch me]: i. e. I will not need the wash for the head by my جِمَاع of other than her: [he says thus] in eager desire of taking her in marriage. (S, O.) b2: See also غَسُولٌ.

A2: And see also غُسَلَةٌ.

رَجُلٌ غَسِلٌ (assumed tropical:) A man who compresses his wife much. (TA.) [See also غُسَلَةٌ.]

غُسَلٌ: see غُسَلَةٌ.

غُسُلٌ: see غُسْلٌ.

غَسْلَةٌ [A single act of washing: pl. غَسَلَاتٌ]. b2: [Hence,] one says, بَنَوْا هٰذِهِ المَدِينَةَ بِغَسَلَاتِ

أَيْدِيهِمْ (assumed tropical:) [They built this city] by means of their earnings. (TA.) غِسْلَةٌ: see غَسُولٌ: b2: and see also غِسْلٌ. b3: عَلَى وَجْهِهِ غِسْلَةٌ means His face is beautiful, with no fat, or fatness, upon it. (TA.) b4: أَبُو غِسْلَةَ is an appellation of The wolf: (O, K:) and so ابو عِسْلَةَ, with ع. (TA.) غُسَلَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, K) and ↓ غُسَلٌ and ↓ غَسِيلٌ and ↓ غِسِّيلٌ and ↓ مِغْسَلٌ (O, K) and ↓ غِسْلٌ, (K,) all, except the last, mentioned by Fr, (O, TA,) applied to a stallion [camel], (tropical:) That covers much: (Fr, Mgh, * O, K, TA:) or that does so much without impregnating: (Ks, S, K, TA:) and in like manner applied to a man. (K.) [See also غَسِلٌ.]

الغِسْلِينُ: see الغُسَالَةُ. b2: الغِسْلِينُ (in the Kur [lxix. 36], TA) What is washed off of the flesh and the blood of the inmates of the fire [of Hell]; (Akh, S, O;) [for] what comes forth from any wound, or sore, when it is washed, is termed غِسْلِين: (TA:) what is washed off from the bodies of the unbelievers, in the fire: (Msb:) or what flows from the skins of the inmates of the fire, (K, TA,) such as thick purulent matter &c.; thus expl. by Fr and Seer; (TA;) as though it were washed from them: (Sb, TA:) accord. to Mujáhid, a certain food of the inmates of the fire; and El-Kelbee says that it is what the fire has cooked, of their flesh, and has fallen off, and is eaten by them: (TA:) and, (K,) accord. to Ed-Dahhák, (O, TA,) a species of trees in the fire; (O, K, TA;) and so he says of الضَّرِيعُ: (O, TA:) and, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O, TA,) what is intensely hot: (O, K, TA:) the ى and ن are augmentative. (S, O, Msb.) غَسُولٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ غَسُّولٌ (O, K) and ↓ غُسْلٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ غِسْلٌ and ↓ غِسْلَةٌ (IAth, K) Water with which one washes himself; (S, Mgh, O, K;) as also ↓ مُغْتَسَلٌ, occurring [in this sense] in the Kur xxxviii. 41: (S:) or the words preceding this signify water little in quantity, with which one washes himself: (TA:) and خِطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallows], (K, TA,) and أُشْنَان [or potash (see also غَاسُولٌ)], and the like thereof, and certain of the [plants termed] حَمْض: (TA:) or غَسُولٌ signifies a thing [or substance] with which the hand is washed, such as أُشْنَان &c.: (Har p. 86:) or, accord. to the M, anything with which one washes a head or a garment and the like. (TA.) [See also the pl. غَسُولَاتٌ voce دَلُوكٌ.]

غَسِيلٌ i. q. ↓ مَغْسُولٌ [i. e. Washed]; (S, O, Msb, K;) applied to a thing, (S, O,) and to a dead body; (Lh, Msb, TA;) and the former is also applied as an epithet to a fem. n., as is also غَسِيلَةٌ; (S, O, K;) or this last is used after the manner of substs., like نَطِيحَةٌ and ذَبِيحَةٌ; not as is said in the S [and O] after the manner of epithets: (IB, TA:) the pl. of غَسِيلٌ is غَسْلِى and غُسَلَآءُ; (Lh, K, TA;) and the pl. of غَسِيلَةٌ [and app. of غَسِيلٌ used a fem. epithet] is غَسَالَى or غُسَالَى. (K accord. to different copies.) Han-dhaleh Ibn-er-Ráhib was called غَسِيلُ المَلَائِكَةِ [The washed of the angels], because he died a martyr on the day of Ohod, and the angels washed him, (S, O, Msb,) accord. to the Prophet, who said that he saw them washing him. (O.) b2: See also غُسَلَةٌ. b3: [It is now used as meaning Clothes, or the like, put together to be washed.]

الغُسَالَةُ, (S, O, Msb,) or غُسَالَةُ الشَّىْءِ, (K,) That with which one has washed the thing: (S, O, Msb:) or the water with which the thing is washed. (K.) [Hence the latter often signifies The infusion of the thing; i. e. the liquid in which the thing has been steeped, and which is impregnated with its virtues.] b2: Also, the latter, What is extracted from the thing by washing. (K.) b3: And الغُسَالَةُ also signifies What is washed from the garment and the like; and so ↓ الغِسْلِينُ. (K.) غَسْوِيلٌ A certain plant, growing in places that exude water and produce salt: (O, K:) said by IDrd to be a species of trees. (O.) غَسَّالٌ [A washer of clothes, and also of the dead: fem. with ة]. (TA.) [See also غَاسِلٌ.]

غَسُّولٌ: see غَسُولٌ.

غِسِّيلٌ: see غُسَلَةٌ.

غَاسِلٌ A washer of the dead. (Msb.) [See also غَسَّالٌ.]

A2: And A species of trees. (TA.) غَاسُولٌ i. q. أُشْنَانٌ [i. e. Potash: and the plant from which it is prepared; kali, or glasswort; or mesembryanthemum nodiflorum (Forskål, Flora Ægypt. Arab. pp. lxvii. and 98), a species of glasswort]. (TA.) [See also غَسُولٌ.]

مَغْسِلٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَغْسَلٌ [which is anomalous] (S, O, K) and ↓ مُغْتَسَلٌ (K) A place in which the dead are washed: (S, O, Msb, K) pl. of the first (S, Msb) and second (S) مَغَاسِلُ: (S, Msb:) and one says also مَغْسَِلُ المَوْتَى. (S, O, Msb. *) مِغْسَلٌ A thing [i. e. vessel] in which (so in the M, in the K with which,) a thing is washed. (TA.) A2: See also غُسَلَةٌ.

مَغْسُولٌ: see غَسِيلٌ. b2: Hence one says, كَلَامُهُ مَغْسُولٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) His speech, or language, is devoid of nice, or subtile, expressions or allusions; as though it were washed from such; or deserving to be washed and obliterated: or it may mean (tropical:) trimmed, or pruned. (TA.) مُغْتَسَلٌ A place in which one washes himself: (O, Msb, TA: *) dim. ↓ مُغَيْسِلٌ: and pl. مَغَاسِيلُ [which, if correct, is anomalous]. (TA.) b2: and it is said to signify also what is called in Pers\.

حوض مَسِين [or حَوْض مِسِين app. meaning A tank, or the like, of copper]. (Mgh.) b3: See also مَغْسِلٌ. b4: And see غَسُولٌ.

مُغَيْسِلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.