سلف

1 سَلَفَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) or, accord. to some, سَلِفَ, and accord. to IKtt, سَلَفٌ and سَلِفَ, (MF,) inf. n. سَفٌ, (S, K,) or سُلُوفٌ, (Msb,) [both app. correct,] It (a thing, K) [and also he (a man)] passed; passed away; (S, Msb, K;) came to an end, or to nought; or became cut off: (Msb:) and, (K,) inf. n. سَلْفٌ, (M, MF, and so in copies of the K,) or سَفٌ, (so in the CK,) and سُلُوفٌ, (M, K,) he (a man, K) [and also it (a thing)] went before, or preceded; (M, K;) and so ↓ سالف, said of a camel. (K.) In a verse cited voce سَلْفَ رَدَادٌ is used by poetic license for سَلَفَ: but this kind of contraction is allowed by the Basrees only in verbs of which the medial radical letter is with kesr or damm, as in عَلْمَ for عَلِمَ, and كَرْمَ for كَرُمَ. (M. [See سَرُعَ.]) b2: You say also, سَلَفَ لَهُ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ, meaning A good, or righteous, deed of his preceded [so as to prepare for him a future reward]. (TA.) b3: And سَلَفَتِ النَّاقَةُ, inf. n. سُلُوفٌ, The she-camel was, or became, among the foremost of the camels in arriving at the water. (TA.) b4: [Golius and Freytag mention also سَلَفَ as a trans. verb; the former explaining it as signifying “ Præteriit, præcessit, rem; ” and the latter adding “ tempore,” and assigning to it the inf. ns. سَلْفٌ and سُلُوفٌ; as on the authority of the K; in which I find no indication of such a usage of this verb.]

A2: سَلَفَ الأَرْضَ, (S, M, K;) aor. ـُ inf. n. سَلْفٌ; (S, M;) and ↓ اسلفها; (M, K;) He turned over the land for sowing: (M, K:) or (so in the K, but in the M “ and ”) he made it even with the مِسْلَفَة [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) b2: سَلَفَ المَزَادَةَ, inf. n. سَلْفٌ, [in some copies of the K سَلَف,] He oiled, or greased, the مزادة [or leathern water-bag]. (K.) 2 تَسْلِيفٌ signifies The making [a thing] to go before, or precede. (S, K.) b2: And I. q. إِسْلَافٌ. (K.) See 4, in six places. b3: And The giving to another the portion of food termed سُلفَة [q. v.]. (S.) You say, سلّف الرَّجُلَ, (S,) or القَوْمَ, (M,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He gave to the man, (S,) or to the people or party, (M,) the portion of food so called; (S, M;) as also [سلّف لَهُ, or]

سلّف لَهُمْ. (M.) b4: And The eating of the [portion of food termed] سُلْفَة. (K.) [See also 5.]3 سالف: see 1, first sentence.

A2: سالفهُ فِى

الأَرْضِ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) inf. n. مُسَالَفَةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) i. q. سَايَرَهُ [i. e. He went, or kept pace, or ran, with him, or he vied, contended, or competed, with him in going or running, in the land; as though striving to be before him]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: And سالفهُ He equalled him in an affair. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) 4 اسلفهُ He did it previously, or beforehand. (O and TA in art. زلف.) b2: [Hence,] اسلف فِى, كَذَا, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. إِسْلَافٌ; (TA;) and فِيهِ ↓ سلّف, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. تَسْلِيفٌ; (Msb, TA;) He paid in advance, or beforehand, for such a thing, (S, Mgh, TA,) i. e. a commodity described to him, (S,) or wheat or the like, for which the seller became responsible, [with something additional to the equivalent of the current price at the time of the payment, (see سَلَفٌ,)] (TA,) to be delivered at a certain period: (S:) and أَسْلَمَ signifies the same. (TA.) You say, أَسْلَفْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا and إِلَيْهِ ↓ سَلَّفْتُ [I paid in advance to him for such a thing, &c.]. (Msb.) Hence the saying in a trad., فَيُسَلِّفْ ↓ مَنْ سَلَّفَ فِى كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ i. e. He who pays in advance for a commodity for which the seller is responsible, let him pay in advance for a certain measure, and a certain weight, to be delivered at a certain period. (TA.) b3: And اسلفهُ مَالًا, (S, M, Mgh, TA,) and ↓ سلّفهُ, (M, Mgh, TA,) He lent him property [to be repaid, or returned, without any profit]. (M, Mgh, TA. [See, again, سَلَفٌ.]) [Whence one says, اسلفهُ إِحْسَانًا and سلّفهُ, and ↓ سلّفهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He did to him, to be requited it, a good action and an evil action; as is shown by the words مَا أَسْلَفْتَ مِنْ إِسَآءَةٍ أَوْ إِحْسَانٍ وَمَا تُعْطِيهِ لِتُقْضَاهُ in art. قرض in the K, and by the corresponding words مَا سَلَّفْتَ مِنْ إِحْسَانٍ وَمِنْ إِسَآءَةٍ in the same art. in the S: see also Bd in xxxvi. 11: and see زَلَّفَهُ. And hence,] a poet says, تُسَلِّفُ ↓ الجَارَ شِرْبًا وَهْىَ حَائِمَةٌ وَالمَآءُ لَزْنٌ بَكِىْءُ العَيْنِ مُقْتَسَمُ (assumed tropical:) [They (referring to camels) yield promptly to the neighbour a draught of milk, while they are thirsty, and going round about the water, when the water is crowded upon, scanty in the source, divided by lot]. (TA. [See also some verses of El-Akra' Ibn-Mo'ádh, in which the former hemistich occurs with a different latter hemistich, in the Ham p. 753.]) A2: See also 1, last sentence but one.5 تسلّف He received payment in advance: and ↓ استسلف [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ استلف] signifies [the same; or] he took, or received, what is termed سَلَف. (Msb.) b2: [and hence,] تسلّف مِنْهُ He received from him a loan; syn. اِقْتَرَضَ; as also ↓ استلف. (A in art. قرض.) And تسلّف مِنْهُ كَذَا He received as a loan from him such a thing. (TA.) b3: See also 10. b4: And تسلّف He ate the [portion of food termed] سُلْفَة. (MA.) [See also 2.]6 تسالفا They two took as their wives two sisters. (M, K.) 8 إِسْتَلَفَ see 5, in two places.10 اِسْتَسْلَفْتُ مِنْهُ دَرَاهِمَ I sought, or demanded, of him money as a loan; as also ↓ تَسَلَّفْتُ. (S, * TA.) Hence, استسلف مِنْ أَعْرَابِىٍّ بَكْرًا He sought, or demanded, as a loan, from an Arab of the desert, a [youthful he-camel such as is termed]

بَكْر. (TA.) b2: And استسلف ثَمَنَهُ He sought, or demanded, its price in advance; syn. اِسْتَقْرَضَهُ. (Har p. 530.) b3: See also 5.

A2: [And استسلف He took as his wife the wife of his deceased brother: so in a version of the Bible, in Deut. xxv. 5: mentioned by Golius.]

سَلْفٌ A [bag for travelling-provisions &c., such as is termed] جِرَاب, (M, K,) of any sort: (M:) or a large جِرَاب: (S, M, K:) [and the contr., i. e. a small one: (Freytag, from the Kitáb el-Addád:)] or a hide not well, or not thoroughly, tanned: (M, K, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُفٌ and [of mult.] سُلُوفٌ. (M, K.) سُلْفٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for سُلَفٌ, q. v.,] A certain species of bird, not particularized. (TA.) b2: See also مِسْلَفٌ.

سِلْفٌ; and its fem., with ة; and their duals: see سَلِفٌ, in five places: A2: and see سَلَفٌ, last sentence.

سَلَفٌ Such as have gone before, or preceded; (M, Msb; *) [i. e. the preceding generations;] as also ↓ سَلِيفٌ and ↓ سُلْفَةٌ and ↓ سَلُوفٌ; all quasipl. ns.; (M;) of which the sing. is ↓ سَالِفٌ: (M, Msb: *) or such as have gone before, or preceded, of a man's ancestors (S, K) and of his relations, (K,) that are above him in age and in excellence; [but this addition is not always agreeable with usage;] one of whom is termed ↓ سَالِفٌ: (TA:) the pl. of سَلَفٌ is أَسْلَافٌ and سُلَّافٌ, (S, K,) [the former a pl. of pauc. and the latter of mult.,] or the latter is pl. of ↓ سَالِفٌ, and so is سَلَفٌ [said to be, though this is more properly termed, as it is in the M, a quasi-pl. n.]: (IB, Msb, TA:) and, accord. to Zj, سُلُفٌ is pl. of ↓ سَلِيفٌ, and سُلَفٌ is pl. of ↓ سُلْفَةٌ, which means a company (عُصْبَةٌ) that has passed away: (M:) or ↓ سَالِفٌ and ↓ سَلِيفٌ signify the same; going before; preceding; syn. مُتَقَدِّمٌ. (S.) [Accord. to Abu-lMahásin, السَّلَفُ is particularly applied to 'Áïsheh the wife of Mohammad, the three Khaleefehs Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán, Talhah and Ez-Zubeyr, the Khaleefeh Mo'áwiyeh, and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ás. (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 156.)] And السَّلَفُ الصَّالِحُ is applied to the first chief persons of the Tábi'ees. (TA.) and السَّلَفُ المُقَدَّمُ is an appellation of the prophet Mohammad. (Ham p. 780.) [Hence, مَذَاهِبُ السَّلَفِ The tenets of the early Muslims.] b2: Also A people, or party, going before, or preceding, in journeying. (TA.) b3: And [simply] A company of men; as in the saying, جَآءَنِى سَلَفٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ [A company of men came to me]. (M.) b4: and Any good, or righteous, deed, that one has done beforehand [by way of preparing a future reward]: or any فَرَط [i. e. cause of reward, or recompense, in the world to come, such as a child dying in infancy], that [as it were] goes before one. (A 'Obeyd, O, K.) b5: And i. q. سَلَمٌ; (T, Hr, Mgh, O, K, TA;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T, TA:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment; and سَلَمٌ also has this meaning: (TA:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S, O:) it is a subst. from الإِسْلَافُ. (Msb, * K, TA.) b6: and A loan (قَرْضٌ) in which is no profit (Hr, O, Mgh, K, TA) to the lender (Hr, O, K, TA) except recompense [in the world to come] and thanks, (TA,) and which it is incumbent on the recipient thereof to return as he received it: (Hr, O, K, TA:) thus the Arabs term it: (Hr, O, TA:) and in this sense also the word is a subst. from الإِسْلَافُ. (TA.) A2: Also A stallion-camel. (IAar, M, TA.) A3: Also, (M,) or ↓ سُلْفَةٌ, (O, TA,) The prepuce of a boy; (M, O, TA;) so says Lth; (O, TA;) and ↓ سَلِفٌ and ↓ سِلْفٌ signify the same; for this is meant by الجِلْدُ as an explanation of السَّلِفُ and السِّلْفُ in the K, in some copies of which الخُلْدُ is erroneously put for الجِلْدُ. (TA.) سَلِفٌ and ↓ سِلْفٌ The husband of the sister of the wife of a man: (S, K:) and [the duals]

سَلِفَانِ (M, TA) and ↓ سِلْفَانِ (M, K) signify the two husbands of two sisters: (M, K:) accord. to IAar, the epithet سَلِفَةٌ [or ↓ سِلْفَةٌ] is not applied to a woman; (M;) one only uses the term سَلِفَانِ applied to two men: (M:) or, (M, K,) accord. to Kr, سَلِفَتَانِ, (M,) or ↓ سِلْفَتَانِ, (K,) is applied to the two wives of two brothers: (M, K:) [in the present day, ↓ سِلْفَةٌ is used as meaning a woman's husband's sister, and her brother's wife:] the pl. applied to men is أَسْلَافٌ, (M, K, TA,) and that applied to women is سَلَفٌ. (TA.) A2: See also سَلَائِفُ, last sentence.

سَلَفٌ The young one of the حَجَل [or partridge]: (S, M, K:) or, accord. to Kr, of the قَطَاة [n. un. of قَطًا, q. v.]: (M:) AA says that he had not heard سُلَفَةٌ, applied to the female; but if one said سُلَفَةٌ, like as one says سُلَكَةٌ as meaning a single female of what are termed سِلْكَانِ, it would be approvable: (S:) the pl. is سِلْفَانِ (S, M, K) and سُلْفَانٌ: (M, K:) some say that سِلْفَانٌ signifies a species of bird, not particularized. (M.) [See also سُلَحٌ and سُلَكٌ.]

سُلْفَةٌ: see سَلَفٌ, first sentence, in two places. [Hence,] one says, جَاؤُوا سُلْفَةً سُلْفَةً, meaning They came [one before another; or, which is virtually the same,] one after, or near after, or at the heels of, another. (Az, K.) b2: Also A portion of food (S, M, TA) which a man takes betimes, (S,) or with which one contents, or satisfies, himself [so as to allay the craving of his stomach], (M,) before the [morning-meal called]

غَدَآء; (S, M, TA;) i. q. لُمْجَةٌ (K, TA) and لُهْنَةٌ: (TA:) or a لُهْنَة that is supplied betimes for a guest, before the غَدَآء. (TA.) b3: And السُّلْفَة also signifies That which a woman reposits, or prepares, or provides, [app. of food,] to present to her visiter. (M.) A2: Also A piece, or portion, of land of seed-produce made even [with the مِسْلَفَة, q. v.]: pl. سُلَفٌ. (Az, O, K.) A3: and Thin skin (M, O, K) which is put as a lining to boots, (O, K,) sometimes red, and [sometimes] yellow. (O.) b2: See also سَلَفٌ, last sentence.

سِلْفَةٌ; and its dual: see سَلِفٌ, in three places.

أَرْضٌ سَلِفَةٌ Land in which are few trees. (AA, K.) A2: [See also سَلَفٌ.]

سُلَافٌ (T, S, M, Mgh) and ↓ سُلَافَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) The portion that flows before its being expressed, (S, Mgh,) of the juice of the grape; (S;) and this is the most excellent of wine: (Mgh:) or the first that is expressed, of wine: or the portion that flows without its being expressed: or the first that descends, thereof: (M:) or the clearest, or purest, and most excellent, of wine, such as flow from the grapes without their being pressed, and without steeping, or maceration; (T, TA;) and in like manner, such as flows from dates, (T, TA,) and from raisins, before water has been added to it (T, M, * TA) after the exuding of the first thereof; (T, TA:) or the latter signifies the first that is expressed, of anything: (M:) or it has this meaning also: and the former is a name for wine [absolutely]: (S:) or each has this meaning: (K:) or each signifies the clear, or pure, of wine, and of anything. (M.) b2: سُلَافُ العَسْكَرِ: see سَالِفٌ.

سَلُوفٌ: see سَلَفٌ, first sentence. b2: Also, applied to a she-camel, (S, M, K,) That is among the foremost of the camels when they come to the water: (S, K:) or that precedes the [other] camels to the watering-trough or tank: (M:) or that precedes, or leads, the other camels; opposed to عَنُودٌ. (El-Keysee, TA in art. عند.) b3: And A swift, or fleet, horse: (M, K:) pl. سُلْفٌ. (K.) b4: And An arrow having a long head: (M:) or a long arrow-head. (K.) سَلِيفٌ: see سَلَفٌ, first sentence, in three places.

A2: Also A road, or way. (TA.) سُلَافَةٌ: see سُلَافٌ.

سَالِفٌ Passing; passing away; coming to an end, or to nought; becoming cut off: (Msb:) and going before; preceding: (S:) pl. سُلَّافٌ and [quasi-pl. n.] سَلَفٌ: (IB, Msb, TA:) see سَلَفٌ, first sentence, in four places. [Hence,] الأُمَمُ السَّالِفَةُ The peoples going before, or preceding, [or that have gone, or passed away, before,] those remaining, or continuing: (K, * TA:) pl. سَوَالِفُ. (TA.) One says, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى الأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ وَالقُرُونِ السَّوَالِفِ [That was in the time of the preceding peoples, and the preceding generations]: the pl. in this instance being used because every portion of the قرون is termed سَالِفَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence also,] العَسْكَرِ سُلَّافٌ, in the K, by implication, العسكر ↓ سُلَافُ, the former word like غُرَاب, whereas it is correctly like رُمَّان, The van of the army, as expl. in the K. (TA.) سَالِفَةٌ [fem. of سَالِفٌ, q. v. b2: And hence, as a subst.,] The side of the fore part of the neck, from the place of suspension of the ear-ring to the hollow (قَلْت [in the CK erroneously قَلْب]) of the collar-bone: (S, K:) or the upper, or uppermost, part of the neck: (M:) or the side of the neck, (M, Mgh, TA,) from the place of suspension of the ear-ring to the حَاقِنَة [here meaning the pit of the collar-bone]: pl. سَوَالِفُ. (M.) In the saying إِنَّهَا لَوَضَّاحَةُ السَّوَالِفِ [Verily she is fair in respect of the سَالِفَة], mentioned by Lh, the term سالفة is made applicable to every part thereof, and then the pl. is used accordingly. (M.) It is said in a trad. respecting [the covenant at] El-Hodeybiyeh, لَأُقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ سَالِفَتِى

i. e. [I will assuredly fight with them, or combat them,] until the side of my neck shall become separate from what is next to it: an allusion to death. (TA.) b3: And [hence, i. e.] by the application of the name of the place to that which occupies the place, (assumed tropical:) The locks of hair that are made to hang down upon the cheek [or rather upon the side of the fore part of the neck]: said by MF to be metonymical, or tropical. (TA.) b4: Also The fore part of the neck of a horse (K, TA) &c.: so in the O and L. (TA.) بَيْنَهُمَا أُسْلُوفَةٌ Between them two is صِهْرٌ [i. e. affinity, app. by their having married to sisters: see سَلِفٌ]. (O, K.) مُسْلِفٌ, (S, M, O, L,) thus in some copies of the K, as in the S &c., but in other copies of the K, erroneously, ↓ سُلْفٌ, (TA,) A woman that has attained the age of five and forty years, (S, M, O, K,) and the like: (S, M, O:) or i. q. نَصَفٌ [i. e. middle-aged, or forty-five years old, or fifty years old]: (M:) an epithet specially applied to a female. (S, O.) A poet says, وَكَاعِبٌ وَمُسْلِفُ فِيهِ ثَلَاثٌ كَالدُّمَى

[Among them three females like the images of ivory, or of marble, &c., and one with swelling breasts, and one of middle age, &c.]. (S, M: in the O with إِلَى in the place of فِيهَا.) مِسْلَفَةٌ An instrument with which land is made even, (S, M, O, K, TA,) of stone: A 'Obeyd says, I think it is a stone made round [or cylindrical, i. e. a stone roller,] which is rolled upon the land to make it even. (TA.) [In the present day, applied to A harrow.]

أَرْضٌ الجَنَّةِ مَسْلُوفَةٌ, occurring in a trad., The ground of Paradise is made even: (As, T, S, O, TA:) said by As to be of the dial. of El-Yemen and Et-Táïf: accord. to IAth, smooth and soft. (TA.)

سوف

1 سَافَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb) and يَسَافُ, (M,) inf. n. سَوْفٌ; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ ساوفهُ; (M, TA;) and ↓ استافهُ, (M, Msb, K, *) inf. n. اِسْتِيَافٌ; (S;) [and, accord. to Freytag, ↓ سوّفهُ; but he has not named his authority; if correct, probably having an intensive signification;] He smelled the thing. (S, M, Msb.) A poet says, (Msb,) namely, Ru-beh, (S, M,) أَخْلَاقَ الطُّرُقْ ↓ إِذَا الدَّلِيلُ اسْتَافَ [When the guide smells the natures of the roads to know whether he be pursuing the right course or deviating therefrom]. (S, M, Msb.) b2: [and hence, He hunted. (Freytag, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.)]

A2: سَوْفٌ is also Syn. with صَبْرٌ. (IAar, K.) You say, of a man, ساف عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. سَوْفٌ, He endured it with patience. (TK.) A3: سَافَ, (S, M, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, K) and يَسَافُ, (O, K,) inf. n. سَوْفٌ, (M,) said of a man, (M,) and of cattle, (مَال, M, O, K,) He, or they, perished, or died: (S, M, O, K:) or, said of cattle, they had a murrain occurring among them. (K.) A4: [سَافَ expl. by Freytag in this art., as though having for its aor. ـُ and meaning He smote a person with a sword, is a mistake, caused by a mistranscription (of سُفْتُهُ for سِفْتُهُ) in art. سيف in some copies of the K.]2 سوّفهُ, (S, M, K,) or سوّف بِهِ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَسْوِيفٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He said to him time after time سَوْفَ أَفْعَلُ [I will do such a thing]; (S, Msb, TA;) derived from the particle سَوْفَ: (IJ, M:) and hence, (Msb,) he delayed, or deferred, with him; or put him off with promises; syn. مَطَلَهُ; (S, * Msb, K, TA;) saying سَوْفَ أَفْعَلُ; (TA;) or promising to be faithful to his engagement; (Msb;) mostly used in relation to a promise that is not to be fulfilled; as is said by Ibn-Abi1-Hadeed: (MF, TA:) and ↓ ساوفهُ signifies [the same, as is implied in the M, being syn. with]

مَاطِلَهُ: see an ex. in a verse cited voce سَوْفَ, last sentence. (TA.) التَّسْوِيفُ is [also expl. as] Syn. with التَّأْخِيرُ [app. as meaning the postponing, putting off, delaying, or deferring, anything]. (TA.) [And it is implied in art. عظب of the TA that it is Syn. with التَّمْرِينُ and التَّصْبِيرُ: so that you say, سوّفهُ عَلَيْهِ, meaning He inured, or accustomed, him to it; and made him to endure it with patience: see سَافَ عَلَيْهِ, above.] b2: You say also, سَوَّفْتُهُ أَمْرِى, meaning I made him (a man) to have the ordering and deciding of my affair, or case, (S, K,) to do what he would: (S:) and so سَوَّمْتُهُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, first sentence.3 ساوفهُ: see 1: A2: and 2.

A3: Also i. q. سَارَّهُ [He spoke, or discoursed, secretly to him or with him; or acquainted him with a secret]. (K.) b2: And ساوف المَرْأَةَ i. q. ضَاجَعَهَا [He slept with the woman in, or on, one bed]. (K.) 4 اساف, (S, M, K,) inf. n. إِسَافَةٌ, (TA,) said of a man, (S, M,) His cattle perished, or died: (S, K:) or he had murrain occurring among his cattle: so in a verse of Tufeyl, cited voce اِسْتَرْخَى, in art. رخو. (M.) [Hence,] one says, أَسَافَ حتّّى

مَايَشْتَكِى السَّوَافَ, (AA, S, Meyd, K,) or السُّوَافَ, (As, Meyd,) [He had murrain among his cattle until he did not complain of the murrain:] a prov., (Meyd,) applied to him who has become accustomed to casualties; (S, K;) or to him who has become inured to calamities, (A'Obeyd, Meyd, A,) so that he is not impatient of the vicissitudes of fortune. (A'Obeyd, Meyd.) b2: اساف الوَالِدَانِ The two parents lost their child by his death: in which case, the child is said to be ↓ مُسَافٌ; and his father, ↓ مُسِيفٌ; and his mother, ↓ مِسْيَافٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A2: اسافهُ اللّٰهُ God destroyed him, or took away his life. (M.) b2: اساف الخَرْزَ i. q. خَرَمَهُ [i. e. He spoiled the sewing of the skin, or hide; as when one uses a thick instrument for sewing or perforating, and a thin thong; or as when one rends two stitch-holes into one]. (M.) And اساف الخَارِزُ The sewer of a skin, or hide, perforated, or sewed, in such a manner that the two stitch-holes became rent [into one]. (A'Obeyd, K.) 8 إِسْتَوَفَ see 1, first and second sentences.

سَافٌ Any row, or course, (S, M, L, K, TA,) [i. e.] a single row, or course, (Mgh,) of bricks, (S, M, Mgh, L, K, TA,) or (so in the Mgh, but in the TA “ and ”) of clay, (Mgh, TA,) of a wall, (S, Mgh, K, TA,) or in a wall, (TA,) or in a building; (M, L, TA;) as also مِدْمَاكٌ: (TA:) pl. of pauc. آسُفٌ [formed by transposition, like آدُرٌ pl. of دَارٌ,] (L,) and سَافَاتٌ: (Mgh:) Lth explains السَّافُ as signifying what is between the سَافَات of the building: its ا is originally و. (TA.) [سَافَةٌ mentioned by Freytag as signifying “ a single series of stones in a wall,” on the authority of the K, I do not find there, nor in any other lexicon.]

A2: Also A certain bird, that preys. (M.) سَوْفَ, for which one also says سَفْ, (M, Mughnee, K,) rejecting the medial radical letter, (M, Mughnee,) and سَوْ, (M, Mughnee, K,) rejecting the final radical, (M, Mughnee,) and سَىْ, (M, Mughnee, K,) rejecting the final radical and changing the medial into ى for the purpose of alleviation [of the utterance], (M, Mughnee,) and accord. to the L سَا, (TA,) is a particle, (IJ, M, K,) denoting inception; (K;) or a word denoting تَنْفِيس, (Sb, S, M, K,) i. e. amplification, because it changes the aor. from the strait time, which is the present, to the ample time, which is the future; (Mughnee voce سَ [q. v.];) i. e., denoting تنفيس with respect to that which has not yet happened; (Sb, S, K;) and postponement; (M;) and is used in terrifying and threatening and promising; (IDrd, K;) or it is a word denoting promising or threatening: (Msb:) it is syn. with سَ accord. to some, or has a larger meaning than this latter accord. to others. (Mughnee.) You say, سَوْفَ

أَفْعَلُ [I will do such a thing]. (Sb, S.) And one may not introduce a separating word between it and its verb, [except in a case mentioned in what follows,] because it occupies the place of the س in سَيَفْعَلُ [&c.]. (Sb, S.) [But] it is distinct from سَ by its [sometimes] having ل prefixed to it; as in [the phrase in the Kur xciii. 5], وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَى [And thy Lord will give thee, and thou wilt be well pleased]: (Mughnee:) in this phrase, [however,] the ل is [considered as] pre-fixed to the verb, not to the particle: (M:) or the phrase is elliptical, for لَأَنْتَ سَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ. (Bd.) And it is distinct from سَ in this, that it is sometimes separated [from its verb] by a verb divested of government both as to the letter and the meaning; as in the saying, وَمَا أَدْرِى وَسَوْفَ إِخَالُ أَدْرِى

أَقَوْمٌ آلُ حِصْنٍ أَمْ نِسَآءُ [And I know not, but I shall, I think, know, whether the family of Hisn be a company of men or women]. (Mughnee.) b2: When you desire to make it a subst., [i. e. to use it as a subst.,] you make it to have tenween [when it is indeterminate]. (IDrd, K.) IDrd cites as an ex., إِنَّ سَوْفًا وَإِنَّ لَيْتًا عَنَآءٌ [Verily سَوْفَ and verily لَيْتَ are a weariness]: but one reading is إِنَّ لَوًّا; and another, إِنَّ لَيْتًا وإِنَّ لَوًّا; and there is no such reading as إِنَّ سَوْفًا. (O, TA.) One says also, فُلَانٌ يَقْتَاتُ السَّوْفَ [lit. Such a one feeds upon the word سَوْفَ]; meaning (tropical:) Such a one lives by means of things hoped for: (S, K, TA:) and in like manner, مَا قُوتُهُ إِلَّا السَّوْفُ [lit. His food is not anything but, or other than, the word سَوْفَ]. (A, TA.) b3: In the following verse of Ibn-Mukbil, cited by Sb, بِسَوْفٍ مِنْ تَحِيَّتِهَا ↓ لَوْ سَاوَفَتْنَا سَوْفَ العَيُوفِ لَرَاحَ الرَّكْبُ قَدْ قَنِعَا

[Had she put us off with a سَوْفَ as part of her greeting, with the putting off even of such as is affected with dislike, the riders had gone contented], سَوْفَ is put in the accus. case [for مُسَاوَفَةَ, i. e.] as an inf. n. with the augmentation [meaning the augmentative letters] rejected. (M.) سِيفَةٌ: see مَسَافَةٌ, in two places.

سَوَافٌ The [cucumber commonly called] قِثَّآء

[q. v.]: (M, K, TA:) so says AHn, (M, TA,) on the authority of Et-Toosee. (TA.) A2: See also what next follows.

سُوَافٌ and ↓ سَوَافٌ; with damm accord. to As, and so, he says, all the names of diseases, as نُحَازٌ and دُكَاعٌ and قُلَابٌ and خُمَالٌ [&c.]; accord. to AA, not so, but with fet-h, and in like manner said 'Omárah Ibn-'Akeel; (S;) or none relates it with fet-h except AA, and his relation is nought; (IB;) Disease of cattle, and death thereof: (S:) or each signifies death among mankind and cattle: (M:) or the latter, a mortality, or murrain, among camels; or so the former: or the latter, a mortality among mankind and cattle: (K:) and the former, disease of camels; (AHn, M, K;) and so the latter. (K.) One says, وَقَعَ فِى المَالِ سَوَافٌ [or سُوَافٌ] Death [or a murrain] happened among the cattle. (S.) مَسَافٌ The nose: because one smells (يُسَافُ, K, i. e. يُشَمُّ, TA) with it: (K:) so in the Moheet. (TA.) b2: See also مَسَافَةٌ, in two places.

مُسَافٌ A child taken from his parents by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) مُسِيفَ A man whose cattle have died. (TA.) b2: And A father having lost his child by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) مَسَافَةٌ [properly A place of smelling: b2: and hence,] (tropical:) Distance; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ مَسَافٌ and ↓ سِيفَةٌ signify the same in this sense [or in others here following]: (K:) [a space, or tract, or an extent, over which one journeys:] a far-extending tract that one traverses: originally a place of smelling of the guides, in order that they may know whether it be far or near, out of the way or in the right way: (A, TA:) or a [desert, or such as is termed] مَفَازَة: (M:) said to be from سَافَ الشَّىْءَ meaning “ he smelled the thing; ” for the guide smells the dust of the place wherein he is; and if he smell the odour of urine and dung of camels, he knows that he [or some other] has traversed it; but otherwise, not: (Msb:) or because the guide, when he is in a desert, (S, M, K,) and has lost his way therein, (M,) smells its dust, (S, M, K,) in order that he may know, (S, K,) or and thus knows, (M,) whether he be in the right way, (S, M, K,) or not: (S, K:) then, by reason of frequency of usage of this word [as meaning “ a place of smelling of the guides ”] it became a term for “ distance: ” (S, K:) pl. مَسَاوِفُ (A, TA) and مَسَافَاتٌ. (Msb.) One says, كَمْ مَسَافَةُ هٰذِهِ الأَرْضِ and ↓ مَسَافُهَا and ↓ سِيفَتُهَا (tropical:) [How long is the distance, or how much is the extent, of this land?]. (TA.) And بَيْنَهُمْ مَسَافَةٌ بَعِيدَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Between them is a far-extending distance or space]. (Msb.) And بَيْنَنَا مَسَافَةُ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا (tropical:) [Between us is the distance, or space, of twenty days]. (TA.) b3: In the following saying of Dhu-rRummeh, it is doubly tropical: وَأَبْعَدُهُمْ مَسَافَةَ غَوْرِ عَقْلٍ

إِذَا مَا الأَمْرُ ذُو الشُّبُهَاتِ عَالَا (tropical:) (tropical:) [And the furthest of them in the extent of the depth of intelligence when the affair, or case, in which are dubiousnesses overcomes and is onerous]. (A, TA.) مُسَوِّفٌ One who does what he will, [as though he said time after time سَوْفَ أَفْعَلُ,] whom no one will make to turn back. (K.) b2: And, with ة, A woman who will not comply with the desire of her husband when he calls her to his bed, and strives with him to repel him in respect of that which he desires of her, and says سَوْفَ أَفْعَلُ: such is said, in a trad., to be cursed. (TA.) b3: Also, with ة, A well (رَكِيَّةٌ) of which one says, Water will be found (سَوْفَ يُوجَدُ) in it: or of which the water is smelt (يُسَافُ), and disliked, and loathed. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, K.) b4: And, without ة, Very patient or enduring. (TA.) مُسْتَافٌ A place of smelling, or that is smelt. (O, K.) مِسْيَافٌ A mother having lost her child by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) إِنَّهَا لَمُسَاوِفَةٌ لِلسَّيْرِ [app. referring to a she-camel] Verily she is one that has ability for journeying. (M.)

سحق

1 سَحَقَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K) inf. n. سَحْقٌ, (Msb,) He bruised, brayed, or pounded, it; syn. دَقَّهُ; (Mgh, K;) namely, a thing, (S, TA,) or medicine: (Mgh, Msb:) or i. q. سَهَكَهُ [app. as meaning he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it coarsely; but see this latter verb]: (S, K:) or it signifies [he did so in a degree] less than what is meant by دَقَّهُ: (Lth, K:) or [he powdered, or pulverized, it; i. e.] he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it finely: or he bruised, brayed, or pounded, it time after time. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سَحَقَتِ الرِّيحُ الأَرْضَ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) The wind effaced the traces of the ground, (K, TA,) and carried away the broken particles [that were upon it]: (M, TA:) or passed along as though it were bruising, or braying, or pounding, (كَأَنَّهَا تَسْحَقُ,) the dust: (O, K:) or pared, or abraded, the surface of the earth by its vehement blowing; as also سَهَكَتْهَا [q. v.]. (T, A, TA.) b3: And سَحَقَهُ, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He wore it out; namely, a garment. (K, TA.) And سَحَقَهُ مَرُّ الزَّمَانِ (assumed tropical:) The course of time rendered it (a garment) thin and worn out. (O, TA.) And سَحَقَهُ البِلَا (assumed tropical:) [Wear wasted it]; namely, a garment. (TA.) b4: Also He, or it, rendered it soft, or smooth; namely, a hard thing. (K.) b5: and (assumed tropical:) He destroyed it; and so ↓ اسحقهُ. (Har p. 257-8.) b6: سَحَقَ القَمْلَةَ He killed the louse. (K.) b7: سَحَقَ رَأْسَهُ He shaved his head. (K.) b8: سَحَقَتِ العَيْنُ دَمْعَهَا The eye spent its tears; (K, TA;) shed them, or let them fall. (TA.) b9: See also 4.

A2: سَحُقَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سُحُوقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (a garment) was, or became, old, and worn out; (K;) [and so, app., سَحِقَ, inf. n., سَحَقٌ, accord. to a usage of this noun, in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, mentioned by Freytag, and agreeably with the phrase ثَوْبٌ سَحِقٌ, mentioned below;] as also ↓ اسحق, (Yaakoob, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِسْحَاقٌ. (Msb.) A3: سَحُقَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and سَحِقَ, aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. سُحْقٌ (S, * Msb, * K) [and app. سُحُقٌ also]; It (a thing, S, or a place, Msb) was, or became, distant, or remote; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اسحق, and ↓ انسحق. (TA.) سُحْقٌ and سُحُقٌ are both syn. with بُعْدٌ. (S, K.) One says, سُحْقًا لَهُ, (S, Msb,) a form of imprecation, (Msb,) meaning May God alienate him, or estrange him, from good, or prosperity! or curse him! i. e. may he not be pitied with respect to that which has befallen him! like بُعْدًا لَهُ: the most approved way is to put the noun thus in the accus. case as an inf. n.; but the tribe of Temeem say, بُعْدٌ لَهُ, and سُحْقٌ. (TA in art. بعد.) b2: سَحُقَتِ النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree became tall: (K:) or tall with smoothness [of its trunk]. (TA.) A4: سَحَقَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, [inf. n. سَحْقٌ,] The beast ran vehemently: or ran a pace above that termed مَشْىٌ and below that termed حُضْرٌ, (K, TA,) agreeably with what is said in explanation of السَّحْقُ in the S: or below that termed حُضْرٌ and above that termed سَحْجٌ. (TA.) 3 مُسَاحَقَةُ النِّسَآءِ [meaning (tropical:) The mutual act, of women, indicated by the epithet سَحَّاقَةٌ (q. v.), as also ↓ تَسَاحُقٌ,] is post-classical: (T, TA:) such it is said to be. (Mgh.) 4 اسحقهُ: see 1. b2: Said of God, (S, TA,) He removed him far away, or alienated him, or estranged him, in a general sense, or from good, or prosperity; syn. أَبْعَدَهُ; (S, O, K, TA; [accord. to the CK انسحقهُ, which is wrong;]) as also ↓ سَحَقَهُ: or, from his mercy. (TA.) A2: اسحق as intrans.: see 1, in two places. b2: Also, [in the CK, erroneously, انسحق,] said of a came's foot, It was, or became, smooth, with a degree of hardness; syn. مَرَنَ. (ISk, S, O, K.) b3: And said of an udder, It lost its milk, and became wasted, and clave to the belly: (ISk, S, O, K:) or it dried up: (As, TA:) or it went away; and wasted. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b4: And اسحقت الدَّلْوُ The bucket became empty of what was in it. (TA.) 6 تَسَاحُقٌ The act of rubbing together. (KL.) See also 3.7 انسحق [It was, or became, bruised, brayed, or pounded: &c.:] quasi-pass. of سَحَقَهُ as expl. in the first sentence of this art. (S, O, K.) b2: Said of a garment, It was, or became, [worn out; or thin and worn out; (see 1;) or] threadbare, or napless, while new. (TA.) b3: And [said of a place,] It was wide, or ample. (O, K.) b4: See also 1. b5: انسحق الدَّمْعُ The tears were shed. (TA.) سَحْقٌ An old and worn-out garment, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) that has become thin, (O,) and threadbare; (Ham p. 591;) also used as a prefixed noun, (Mgh, Msb,) so that you say سَحْقُ ثَوْبٍ [meaning as above], (Mgh,) and سَحْقُ بُرْدٍ [an old and worn-out بُرْد], and سَحْقُ عِمَامَةٍ [an old and worn-out turban]: (Mgh, Msb:) and one says ثَوْبٌ سَحْقٌ, [using it as an epithet,] (O, TA,) and ↓ ثَوْبٌ سَحِقٌ, (Har p. 258, [but for this I have found no other authority, and it may be a mistranscription,]) and ↓ ثَوْبٌ مُنْسَحِقٌ likewise signifies an old and worn-out garment: (TA:) سَحْقٌ applied to a garment is an inf. n. used as a subst.: (O, TA:) the pl. is سُحُوقٌ. (TA.) Hence one says سَحْقُ دِرْهَمٍ, meaning (tropical:) A [bad] dirhem [or] such as is termed زَائِفٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also A pastor's bag (كِنْفٌ): so in a verse cited voce خُفٌّ. (S in art. خف.) b3: And (tropical:) Thin clouds: (K:) likened to an old and worn-out garment. (TA.) b4: And The mark, or scar, of a gall, or sore, on the back of a camel, when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white: (TA:) [like سَلْقٌ and سَلَقٌ.]

سَحِقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُحْقَةٌ Baldness: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Freytag, from IDrd.)]

سَحُوقٌ Tall; applied to a palm-tree; (S, Msb, K;) as also سُيْحُوقٌ; (S;) and to a he-ass and to a she-ass; (S, K) and by some, metaphorically, to a woman; (TA;) and ↓ سَوْحَقٌ signifies the same, (K,) applied to a man; (TA;) and الرِّجْلَيْنِ ↓ سَوْحَقُ long in respect of the legs: (IB:) or سَحُوقٌ applied to a palm-tree signifies tall so that its fruit is far above the gatherer; As says, I know not whether that be with a bending: or, accord. to Sh, so applied, smooth and tall, having no stumps of the branches remaining [upon the trunk]; and to such the neck of a horse is likened by a poet: and applied to a he-ass and to a she-ass, tall, and advanced in age: (TA:) pl. سُحُقٌ, (S, O, Msb,) like رُسُلٌ, (Msb,) or سُحْقٌ. (So in the K.) One says also جَنَّةٌ سُحُقٌ, meaning A garden of tall palm-trees. (TA.) سَحِيقٌ Bruised, brayed, or pounded: (Mgh:) [&c.: (see 1, first sentence:)] i. q. ↓ مَسْحُوقٌ: (O:) applied to musk; (Mgh, O;) and to saffron. (Mgh in art. ورس.) b2: and Distant; remote; (S, Msb, K;) applied to a thing, (S,) or to a place; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَسْحَقُ; (IB, TA;) and ↓ سَاحِقٌ in the same sense, applied to a place, is allowed in poetry. (TA.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَبَعِيدٌ سَحِيقٌ [app. meaning Verily he, or it, is very distant or remote]. (TA.) سَحِيقَةٌ A great rain that sweeps away that along which it passes: (K:) or, accord. to As, سَحِيفَةٌ, with ف, has this meaning; and the former word signifies a vehement rain, consisting of large drops, (TA in the present art.,) but of little width: pls.سَحَائِقُ and سَحَائِفُ. (TA in art. سحف.) سَحَّاقَةٌ [Fricatrix; quæ confrictu libidinem alterius explet: (Golius, from Meyd:)] an epithet of evil import, applied to a woman: (O, K:) pl. سَحَّاقَاتٌ: of such it is said that they are cursed by God. (Mgh.) سَاحِقٌ: see سَحِيقٌ. b2: You say also سُحْقٌ سَاحِقٌ, meaning Great distance or remoteness. (TA.) سَوْحَقٌ: see سَحُوقٌ, in two places.

أَسْحَقُ: see سَحِيقٌ. b2: [Also Bald: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Freytag, from IDrd.)]

مِسْحَقٌ An instrument with which one bruises, brays, or pounds: &c.: (يُسْحَقُ بِهِ:) [see 1, first sentence.] (TA.) مَسْحُوقٌ: see سَحِيقٌ.

مُنْسَحِقٌ: see سَحْقٌ. b2: Also Wide, or ample. (TA.) b3: دَمْعٌ مُنْسَحِقٌ Tears pouring forth; syn. مُنْدَفِقٌ: (Lth, Az, TA:) in the K, مُنْدَفِعٌ: (TA:) pl. مَسَاحِيقُ, which is extr.; (K;) like مَكَاسِيرُ, pl. of مُنْكَسِرٌ. (TA.)

سوق

1 سَاقَ المَاشِيَةَ, (S, K,) or النَّعَمَ, (Mgh,) or الدَّابَّةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْقٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سِيَاقٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies, but it is said in the JK that this latter is used in relation to death, and such is generally the case,]) or سَيَاقٌ, like سَحَابٌ, (TA, [but this I have not found elsewhere, and I doubt its correctness,]) and سِيَاقَةٌ and مَسَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) He drove the cattle [or the beast]; he urged the cattle [or the beast] to go; (Mgh;) and ↓ استاقها signifies the same, (S, K,) as also ↓ اساقها, and ↓ سوّقها; (TA;) or تَسْوِيقٌ, the inf. n. [or this last], signifies the driving well: (KL:) [and accord. to Freytag, ↓ استساق, followed by an accus., signifies the same as سَاقَ as expl. above; but for this he names no authority.] Hence, in the Kur [lxxv. 30], إِلَى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ المَسَاقُ (TA) i. e. To thy Lord, and his judgment, on that day, shall be the driving. (Bd, Jel.) And the saying, in a trad., لَاتَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَحْطَانَ يَسُوقُ النَّاسَ بِعَصًاهُ [properly rendered The resurrection, or the hour thereof, shall not come to pass until a man come forth from the tribe of Kahtán driving the people with his staff], allusive to his having the mastery over them, and their obeying him; the staff being mentioned only to indicate his tyrannical and rough treatment of them. (TA.) [And hence the saying, ساق عَلَىَّ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He urged such a one to intercede for him with me.] b2: [Hence also,] سَاقَهُ القَدَرُ إِلَى مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) [Destiny drove him, or impelled him, to that which was destined for him]. (TA.) [And in like manner one says of desire, &c.] b3: And ساق إِلَى

المَرْأَةِ مَهْرَهَا, (K,) or صَدَاقَهَا, (S, Msb,) inf. n. سِيَاقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اساقهُ; (Msb, K;) (tropical:) He sent to the woman her dowry; (K, TA;) or conveyed it, or caused it to be conveyed, to her; (Msb;) though consisting of dirhems or deenárs; because the dowry, with the Arabs, originally consisted of camels, which are driven. (TA.) And hence, مَاسُقْتَ إِلَيْهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) What didst thou give her as her dowry? occurring in a trad.; or, as some related it, مَا سُقْتَ مِنْهَا, i. e. What didst thou give for her, or in exchange for her? (TA.) and ساق إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) [He made, or caused, the thing to go, pass, or be conveyed or transmitted, to him; he sent to him the thing]. (M and K in art. اتى.) And ساق إِلَيْهِ خَيْرًا (tropical:) [He caused good, or good fortune, to betide him]. (TA.) and ساق لِأَرْضِهِ أَتِيًّا (assumed tropical:) [He made a rivulet, or a channel for water, to run to his land], (M in art. اتى.) b4: [Hence likewise,] سَاقَتِ الرِّيحُ السَّحَابَ (tropical:) [The wind drove along the clouds]. (S, * TA.) b5: [And ساق الحَدِيثَ, inf. n. سِيَاقٌ and سَوْقٌ and مَسَاقٌ, (tropical:) He carried on the narrative, or discourse.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَسُوقُ الحَدِيثَ أَحْسَنَ سِيَاقٍ (tropical:) [Such a one carries on the narrative, or discourse, in the best manner of doing so]. (Mgh, TA.) and إِلَيْكَ يُسَاقُ الحَدِيثُ (tropical:) [To thee as its object the narrative, or discourse, is carried on]. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ مَسَاقُهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) [Speech whereof the carrying-on is pointed to such a thing]. (TA.) And جِئْتُكَ بِالحَدِيثِ عَلَى سَوْقِهِ (tropical:) [I uttered to thee the narrative, or discourse, after the proper manner of the carrying-on thereof]. (TA.) [In like manner also one says,] ساق الأُمُورَ أَحْسَنَ مَسَاقٍ (assumed tropical:) [He carried on, or prosecuted, affairs, or the affairs, in the best manner of doing so]. (A in art. حوذ.) b6: سَوْقُ المَعْلُومِ مَسَاقَ غَيْرِهِ [from ساق الحَدِيثَ expl. above] means (assumed tropical:) The asking respecting that which one knows in the manner of one's asking respecting that which he knows not: a mode of speech implying hyperbole: as when one says, أَوَجْهُكَ هٰذَا أَمْ بَدْرٌ [Is this thy face or a full moon?]. (Kull p. 211.) b7: ساق said of a sick man, (K,) and ساق نَفْسَهُ, [app. thus originally,] (Ks, Msb, TA,) and ساق بِنَفْسِهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (Ks, S, O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. سِيَاقٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) originally سِوَاقٌ, (TA,) and سَوْقٌ (O, K) and سُؤُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He cast forth, or vomited, his soul; (Ks, TA;) he gave up his spirit; or was at the point of death, in the agony of death, or at the point of having his soul drawn forth; (S, O, Msb, TA;) or he began to give up his spirit, or to have his soul drawn forth. (K.) You say, رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا يَسُوقُ (tropical:) I saw such a one giving up his spirit at death. (S, O, TA.) And رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا بِالسَّوْقِ [or فِى السِّيَاقِ, as in the Msb,] (tropical:) I saw such a one in the act [or agony] of death; and يُسَاقُ [having his soul expelled], inf. n. سَوْقٌ: and إِنَّ نَفْسَهُ لَتُسَاقُ (tropical:) [Verily his soul is being expelled]. (ISh, TA.) A2: سَاقَهُ, (K,) first Pers\. سُقْتُهُ, (S,) aor. as above, inf. n. سَوْقٌ, (TA,) also signifies He hit, or hurt, his (another man's, S) سَاق [or shank]. (S, K.) 2 سوّق, inf. n. تَسْوِيقٌ: see 1, first sentence. b2: سوّق فُلَانًا أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made such a one to have the ruling, or ordering, of his affair, or case. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: See also 5.

A2: Said of a plant, (TA,) or of a tree, (K,) more properly of the former, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) It had a سَاق [i. e. stem, stock, or trunk]. (K, TA.) 3 ساوقهُ He vied, or competed, with him, in driving: (K: [in the CK, for فى السَّوْقِ, is put فى السُّوْقِ:]) or he vied, or competed, with him to decide which of them twain was the stronger; from the phrase قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ. (S.) [Hence,] one says بَعِيرٌ يُسَاوِقُ الصَّيْدَ (tropical:) [A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) b2: مُسَاوَقَةٌ is also syn. with مُتَابَعَةٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The making to be consecutive, or successive, for it is added], as though driving on one another, or as though one portion were driving on another. (TA. [See 6, its quasi-pass.].) b3: [Freytag also assigns to ساوق the meaning of He, or it, followed (secutus fuit), as on the authority of the Hamáseh; but without pointing out the page; and it is not in his index of words explained therein.]4 أَسْوَقَ see 1, in two places. b2: أَسَقْتُهُ إِبِلًا I made him to drive camels: (K:) or I gave to him camels, to drive them: (S, TA:) or (tropical:) I made him to posses camels. (TA.) 5 تسوّق القَوْمُ The people, or party, [trafficked in the سُوق, or market; or] sold and bought: (S, TA:) the vulgar say ↓ سَوَّقُوا. (TA.) 6 تساوقت الإِبِلُ (tropical:) The camels followed one another; (Az, O, Msb, K, TA;) and in like manner one says تَقَاوَدَت; (O, K, * TA;) as though, by reason of their weakness and leanness, some of them held back from others. (TA.) and تساوقت الغَنَمُ (tropical:) The sheep, or goats, pressed, one upon another, (K,) or followed one another, (O,) in going along, (O, K,) as though driving on one another. (O.) [See also 7.] b2: The lawyers say, تساوقت الخِطْبَتَانِ, meaning (tropical:) [The two demandings of a woman in marriage] were simultaneous: but [Fei says] I have not found it in the books of lexicology in this sense. (Msb.) 7 انساقت المَاشِيَةُ The cattle went, or went along, being driven; [or as though driven; or drove along;] quasi-pass. of سَاقَهَا. (S, TA.) and انساقت الإِبِلُ [has the like signification: or means] (assumed tropical:) The camels became consecutive. (TA. [See also 6.]) 8 إِسْتَوَقَ see 1, first sentence.10 إِسْتَسْوَقَ see 1, first sentence.

سَاقٌ The shank; i. e. the part between the knee and the foot of a human being; (Msb;) or the part between the ankle and the knee (K, TA) of a human being; (TA;) the ساق of the human foot: (S, TA:) and [the part properly corresponding thereto, i. e. the thigh commonly so called, and also the arm, of a beast;] the part above the وَظِيف of the horse and mule and ass and camel, and the part above the كُرَاع of the ox-kind and sheep or goat and antelope: (TA:) [it is also sometimes applied to the shank commonly so called, of the hind leg, and, less properly, of the fore leg, of a beast: and to the bone of any of the parts above mentioned: and sometimes, by synecdoche, to the hind leg, and, less properly, to the fore leg also, of a beast: it generally corresponds to ذِرَاعٌ: of a bird, it is the thigh commonly so called: and sometimes the shank commonly so called: and, by synecdoche, the leg:] it is of the fem. gender: (Msb, TA:) and for this reason, (TA,) the dim. is ↓ سُوَيْقَةٌ: (Msb, TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is سُوقٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and سِيقَانٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْؤُقٌ, (S, O, K,) the و in this last being with ء in order that it may bear the dammeh. (O, K.) A poet says, لِلْفَتَى عَقْلٌ يَعِيشُ بِهِ حَيْثُ تَهْدِى سَاقَهُ قَدَمُهْ meaning The young man has intelligence whereby he lives when his foot directs aright his shank. (IAar, TA.) And one says of a man when difficulty, or calamity, befalls him, كَشَفَ عَنْ سَاقِهِ [lit. He uncovered his shank; meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for difficulty]: so says IAmb: and hence, he says, (TA, [in which a similar explanation is cited from ISd also,]) they mention the ساق when they mean to express the difficulty of a case or an event, and to tell of the terror occasioned thereby. (K, TA.) Thus, the saying يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ, (S, K, TA,) in the Kur [lxviii. 42], (S, TA,) [lit. On a day when a shank shall be uncovered,] means (assumed tropical:) on a day when difficulty, or calamity, shall be disclosed. (I'Ab, Mujáhid, S, K, TA.) It is like the saying, قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ, (S, TA,) which means (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement, (Msb in this art. and in art. حرب,) so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment: (Id. in art. حرب:) and كَشَفَتِ الحَرْبُ عَنْ سَاقٍ, [as also شَمَّرَتْ عَنْ سَاقِهَا,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement. (Jel in lxviii. 42.) And in like manner, وَالْتَفَّتِ السَّاقُ بِالسَّاقِ, (K, TA,) in the Kur [lxxv. 29], (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) And the affliction of the present state of existence shall be combined with that of the final state: (K, TA:) or it means when the [one] leg shall be inwrapped with the other leg by means of the grave-clothes. (TA.) One says also, قَامَ القَوْمُ عَلَى سَاقٍ (assumed tropical:) The people or party, became in a state of toil, and trouble, or distress. (TA.) And قَرَعَ لِلْأَمْرِ سَاقَهُ, [originating from one's striking the shin of his camel in order to make him lie down to be mounted; lit. He struck his shank for the affair;] meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for the thing, or affair; syn. تَشَمَّرَ: (JK:) or he was, or became, light, or active, and he rose, or hastened, to do the thing; or (assumed tropical:) he applied himself vigorously, or diligently, or with energy, to the thing, or affair; i. q. شَمَّرَ لَهُ [q. v.]; (TA;) or تَجَرَّدَ لَهُ. (A and TA in art. قرع [q. v.: see also ظُنْبُوبٌ, in several places].) [It is also said that] أَوْهَتْ بِسَاقٍ means كِدْتُ

أَفْعَلُ [i. e. I nearly, or almost, did what I purposed: but this explanation seems to have been derived only from what here, as in the TA, immediately follows]: Kurt says, describing the wolf, وَلٰكِنِّى رَمَيْتُكَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ

فَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ وَقَدْ أَوْهَتْ بِسَاقِ [i. e., app., But I shot at thee from afar, and I did not what I purposed, though it (the shot, الرَّمْيَةُ, I suppose, being meant to be understood,) maimed a shank: which virtually means, though I nearly did what I purposed: the poet, I assume, says اوهت بساق for the sake of the measure and rhyme, for أَوْهَتْ سَاقًا: see what is said, in the explanations of the preposition بِ, respecting the phrase وَامْسَحُوا بِرُؤُسِكُمْ]. (TA.) b2: By a secondary application, سَاقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) [A greave; i. e.] a thing that is worn on the ساق [or shank] of the leg, made of iron or other material. (Mgh.) b3: Also (tropical:) [The stem, stock, or trunk, i. e.] the part between the أَصْل [here meaning root, or foot, (though it is also syn. with ساق in the sense in which the latter is here explained,)] and the place where the branches shoot out; (TA;) or the support; (Msb;) or the جِذْع; (S, K;) of a tree, or shrub: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. [of mult.]

سُوقٌ (Msb, TA) and سُوقٌ and سُوُوقٌ and سُؤُوقٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْوُقٌ and أَسْؤُقٌ. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, that a man said, I applied to him to decide in a litigation with the son of my brother, and began to overcome him therein; whereupon he said, Thou art like as Aboo-Duwád says, أَنَّى أُتِيحَ لَهُ حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبَةٍ

لَا يُرْسِلُ السَّاقَ إِلَّا مُمْسِكًا سَاقَا [Whencesoever, or however, a preparation is made for him, to catch him, he is like a chameleon of a tree of the kind called تَنْضُب, he will not loose the stem thereof unless grasping a stem]: he meant that no plea of his came to nought but he clung to another; likening him to the chameleon, which places itself facing the sun, and ascends half-way up the tree, or shrub, then climbs to the branches when the sun becomes hot, then climbs to a higher branch, and will not loose the former until it grasps the other. (O, TA. *) b4: [Hence, perhaps, as it seems to be indicated in the O,] one says, وَلَدَتْ فُلَانَةُ ثَلَاثَةَ بَنِينَ عَلَى سَاقٍ, (K, [in the copies of which, however, I find ثَلَاثَ put for ثَلَاثَةَ,]) or عَلَى سَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ, (S,) or وَاحِدَةٍ, (O,) i. e. (tropical:) Such a woman brought forth three sons, one after another, without any girl between them: (S, O, K, TA:) so says ISk: and وُلِدَ لِفُلَانٍ ثَلَاثَةُ

أَوْلَادٍ سَاقًا عَلَى سَاقٍ, i. e. (tropical:) Three children were born to such a one, one after another. (TA.) and بَنَى القَوْمُ بُيُوتَهُمْ عَلَى سَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ (assumed tropical:) [The people, or party, built their houses, or constructed their tents, in one row or series]. (TA.) b5: سَاقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The soul, or self; syn. نَفْسٌ: hence the saying of 'Alee (in the war of the [schismatics called] شُرَاة), لَابُدَّ لِى مِنْ قِتَالِهِمْ وَلَوْ تَلِفَتْ سَاقِى (assumed tropical:) [There is not for me any way of avoiding combating them, though my soul, or self, should perish by my doing so]. (Abu-l-' Abbás, O, TA.) So too in the saying, قَدَحَ فِى سَاقِهِ [as though meaning (tropical:) He cankered his very soul]: (IAar, TA in art. قدح:) [or] he deceived him, and did that which was displeasing to him: (L in that art.:) or (tropical:) he impugned his honour, or reputation; from the action of canker-worms (قَوَادِح) cankering the stem, or trunk, of a shrub, or tree. (A in that art.) A2: سَاقُ حُرٍّ [is said to signify] The male of the قَمَارِىّ [or species of collared turtle-doves of which the female is called قُمْرِيَّةٌ (see قُمْرِىٌّ)]; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. the وَرَشَان: (S, Msb:) the former appellation being given to it as imitative of its cry: (As, K:) it has neither fem. nor pl.: (AHát, TA:) or السَّاقُ is the pigeon; and الحُرُّ, its young one: (Sh, K:) the poet Ibn-Harmeh uses the phrase كَسَاقِ ابْنِ حُرٍّ. (O, TA.) [See more in art. حر.]

سَوْقٌ: see سِيَاقٌ.

سُوقٌ [A market, mart, or fair;] a place in which commerce is carried on; (ISd, Msb, TA;) a place of articles of merchandise: (Mgh, TA:) so called because people drive their commodities thither: (TA:) [in the S unexplained, and in the K only said to be well-known:] of the fem. gender, and masc., (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) the former in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, and the latter in that of Temeem, (S and Msb voce زُقَاقٌ, q. v.,) the former the more chaste, or the making it masc. is a mistake: (Msb:) pl. أَسْوَاقٌ: (TA:) the dim. is ↓ سُوَيْقَةٌ [with ة, confirming the opinion of those who hold سُوقٌ to be only fem.]: also signifying merchandise, syn. تِجَارَةٌ; as in the phrase, جَاءَتْ سُوَيْقَةٌ [Merchandise came]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سُوقُ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) The thickest, or most vehement part (حَوْمَة) of the fight; (S, K, TA;) and so الحَرْبِ ↓ سُوقَةُ; i. e. the midst thereof. (TA.) سَوَقٌ Length of the shanks: (S, K:) or beauty thereof: (K:) or it signifies also beauty of the shank. (S.) سَاقَةٌ (tropical:) The rear, or hinder part, of an army: (S, Mgh, K, TA:) pl. of ↓ سَائِقٌ; being those who drive on the army from behind them, and who guard them: (TA:) or as though pl. of سَائِقٌ, like as قَادَةٌ is of قَائِدٌ. (Mgh.) And hence, سَاقَةُ الحَاجِّ (tropical:) [The rear of the company of pilgrims]. (TA.) سُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A subject, and the subjects, of a king; (K, TA;) so called because driven by him; (TA;) contr. of مَلِكٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) whether practising traffic or not: (Mgh:) not meaning of the people of the أَسْوَاق [or markets], as the vulgar think; (Msb;) for such are called سُوقِيُّونَ, sing.

سُوقِىٌّ: (Ham p. 534:) it is used alike as sing. and pl. (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and dual (Mgh, Msb) and masc. and fem.: (S, K:) but sometimes it has سُوَقٌ for its pl. (S, K.) A2: سُوقَةُ الطُّرْثُوثِ [in the CK, erroneously, التُّرْثُوثِ] The part of the [plant called] طرثوث that is below the نِكْعَة [or نَكَعَة or نُكَعَة, which is the head from the top to the extent of a finger, or the flower at the head thereof]; (O, K;) sweet and pleasant: so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) AHn says [of the طرثوث], it is like the penis of the ass, and there is no part of it more pleasant, nor sweeter, than its سوقة; which is in some instances long; and in some, short. (TA.) A3: See also سُوقٌ, last sentence.

سُوقِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the سُوق, or market]. Its pl., سُوقِيُّونَ, means The people of the سُوق (Ham p. 534.) b2: [Hence,] أَدِيمٌ سُوقِىٌّ A skin, or hide, prepared, or dressed; in a good state: or not prepared or dressed: it is ascribed to the vulgar: and there is a difference of opinion respecting it: the second [explanation, or meaning,] is that which is commonly known. (TA.) سَوِيقٌ Meal of parched barley (شَعِير), or of [the species thereof, or similar grain, called] سُلْت, likewise parched; and it is also of wheat; but is mostly made of barley (شعير); (MF, TA;) what is made of wheat or of barley; (Msb, TA;) well known: (S, Msb, K, TA:) [it is generally made into a kind of gruel, or thick ptisan, being moistened with water, or clarified butter, or fat of a sheep's tail, &c.; (see لَتَّ;) and is therefore said (in the Msb in art. حسو and in the KT voce أَكْلٌ, &c.,) to be supped, or sipped, not eaten: but it is likewise thus called when dry; and in this state is taken in the palm of the hand and conveyed to the mouth, or licked up: (see حَافّق, and قَمِحَ:) it is also made of other grains beside those mentioned above; and of several mealy fruits; of the fruit of the Theban palm; (see حَتِىٌّ;) and of the carob; (see خَرُّوبٌ;) &c.:] it is also, sometimes, with ص: so says IDrd in the JM: and he adds, I think it to be of the dial. of Benoo-Temeem: it is peculiar to that of Benul-' Ambar: (O, TA:) the n. un. [meaning a portion, or mess, thereof] is with ة: (AAF, TA in art. جش:) and the pl. is أَسْوِقَةٌ. (TA.) b2: and Wine: (AA, K:) also called سَوِيقُ الكَرْمِ. (AA, TA.) سِيَاقٌ [an inf. n. of 1 (q. v.) in several senses. b2: As a subst., properly so termed,] (tropical:) A dowry, or nuptial gift; (K, TA;) as also ↓ سَوْقٌ [which is likewise originally an inf. n.: see 1]. (TA.) b3: [Also, as a subst. properly so termed, (assumed tropical:) The following part of a discourse &c.; opposed to سِبَاقٌ: you say سِبَاقُ الكَلَامِ وَسِيَاقُهُ (assumed tropical:) the preceding and following parts of the discourse; the context, before and after: see, again 1. And (assumed tropical:) The drift, thread, tenour, or scope, of a discourse &c.]

سُوَيْقَةٌ dim. of سَاقٌ, q. v.: (Msb, TA:) A2: and of سُوقٌ, also, q. v. (TA.) سَوَّاقٌ: see سَائِقٌ.

A2: Also A seller, and a maker, of سَوِيق. (Mgh.) سُوَّاقٌ Long in the سَاق [or shank]. (AA, K. [See also أَسْوَقُ.]) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Having a سَاق [or stem]; applied to a plant. (Ibn-Abbád, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) The طَلْع [or spadix] of a palm-tree, when it has come forth, and become a span in length. (K.) سَائِقٌ [Driving, or a driver;] the agent of the verb in the phrase سَاقَ المَاشِيَةَ: as also ↓ سَوَّاقٌ (S, K) in an intensive sense [as meaning Driving much or vehemently, or a vehement driver]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former سَاقَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) مَعَهَا سَائِقٌ وَشَهِيدٌ, in the Kur [l. 20], is said to mean Having with it a driver to the place of congregation [for judgment] and a witness to testify against it of its works: (TA:) i. e. an angel driving it, and another angel testifying of its works: or an angel performing both of these offices: or a writer of evil deeds and a writer of good deeds: or its own person, or its consociate [devil], and its members, or its works. (Bd.) سَيِّقٌ, [originally سَيوِْقٌ,] (assumed tropical:) Clouds (سَحَابٌ, Az, As, S, K) driven by the wind, (Az, As, S,) containing no water, (Az, S, K,) or whether containing water or not. (As.) سَيِّقَةٌ, [a subst. formed from the epithet سَيِّقٌ by the affix ة,] originally سَيْوِقَةٌ, (TA,) Beasts (دَوَابّ) driven by the enemy; (S, K;) like وَسِيقَةٌ: so in a verse cited voce جَبَأَ: (S:) or a number of camels, of a tribe, driven away together, or attacked by a troop of horsemen and driven away. (Z, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, المَرْءُ سَيِّقَةُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [Man, or the man, is the impelled of destiny]; i. e. destiny drives him to that which is destined for him, and will not pass him by. (TA.) b3: سَيِّقَةٌ signifies also An animal by means of which [in the O بِهَا for which فِيهَا is erroneously put in the K,] the sportsman conceals himself, and then shoots, or casts, at the wild animals: (O, K:) like قَيِّدَةٌ: (A in art. قود:) said by Th to be a she-camel [used for that purpose]: (TA:) [so called because driven towards the objects of the chase: see دَرِيْئَةٌ:] pl. سَيَائِقُ. (K.) [See also مِسْوَقٌ.]

أَسْوَقُ A man (S, * TA) long in the shanks: (S, K: [see also سُوَّاقٌ:]) or thick in the shanks: (IDrd, TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) beautiful in the shank or shanks, (S, K,) applied to a man: and so سَوْقَآءُ applied to a woman: (S:) Lth explains the latter as meaning a woman having plump shanks, with hair. (TA.) إِسَاقَةٌ (Lth, O, K, in the CK اَسَاقة,) The strap of the horse's strirrup. (Lth, O, K.) بَعِيرٌ مِسْوَقٌ, (JK, O, and TA as from the Tekmileh,) or مُسْوِقٌ, like مُحْسِنٌ, (K, [but this I think to be a mistake,]) means الَّذِى يُسَاوقُ الصَّيْدَ [i. e. (tropical:) A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]; (JK, O, K;) so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) accord. to the L, a camel by means of which one conceals himself from the animals of the chase, to circumvent them. (TA. [See also سَيِّقَةٌ, last signification.]) مِسْوَقَةٌ A staff, or stick, with which cattle are driven: pl. مَسَاوِقُ: perhaps post-classical.]

مُنْسَاقٌ i. q. تَابِعٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A follower, or servant; as though driven]. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A relation; syn. قَرِيبٌ. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) b3: And عَلَمٌ مُنْسَاقٌ (assumed tropical:) A mountain extending along the surface of the earth. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K *)

سبل

2 سبّلهُ, inf. n. تَسْبِيلٌ, means جَعَلَهُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ [He assigned it, or the profit, or revenue, or usufruct, thereof, to be employed in the way, meaning cause, of God, or of religion; or in the doing of anything, or all, that God has commanded, or of the works whereby one pursues the way that leads to advancement in the favour of God; he dedicated it to pious, or charitable, uses or purposes]; (K, TA;) as though [meaning] he made it a trodden way [whereby to advance] to [the favour of] God. (TA.) Yousay, سبّل ضَيْعَتَهُ, using the verb in this sense [i. e. He assigned the profit, or revenue, or usufruct, of his estate to be employed in the cause of God, or of religion]; (S;) to be given to the wayfarer, and the poor, and the warrior against unbelievers, and others. (TA voce سَبِيلٌ.) and سبّل التَّمَرَةَ He assigned the profit to be employed in the ways of good works (Mgh, Msb) and the various kinds of pious deeds: (Msb:) or he made the profit to be allowable, or free, to those for whose benefit the property itself was made unalienable in perpetuity. (TA. [See an ex. in the first paragraph of art. حبس, relating to some palm-trees which 'Omar desired to give in charity.]) A2: سبّل, [either سَبَّلَ or, سُبِّلَ both app. allowable, (see the part. ns., below,)] He (a man) was, or became, long in the سَبَلَة [q. v.]; as though he had a long سَبَلَة given to him. (TA.) b2: See also 4.4 أَسْبَلَتِ الطَّرِيقُ The road had many passengers following, or succeeding, one another, or going repeatedly to and fro, upon it. (M, K.) A2: اسبل إِزَارَهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. إِسْبَالٌ, (TA,) He let loose, let down, or lowered, his waist-wrapper; (S, M, K;) and so السِّتْرَ the veil, or curtain, (Msb,) or he let down, let fall, or made to hang down, the veil, or curtain: (Mgh:) the former act is forbidden in a trad. (TA.) And اسبلت ذَيْلَهَا [She made her skirt to hang down; or to hang down low, so that she dragged it on the ground]; said of a woman. (M.) And اسبل ثَوْبَهُ He dragged his garment [on the ground]; (O;) and ↓ سبّلهُ signifies the same, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَسْبِيلٌ. (TA.) And اسبل ذَنَبَهُ He made his tail to hang down; he hung down his tail; said of a horse. (M.) b2: [Hence,] اسبل المَآءَ (assumed tropical:) He (a man) poured forth the water. (Msb.) and اسبل دَمْعَهُ (M, K, TA) (tropical:) He shed, or let fall, his tears. (K, TA.) A3: The verb is also similarly used intransitively. (TA.) You say, of a part of the beard, اسبل عَلَى الصَّدْرِ [It fell, or hung down, upon the breast]. (Az, O, TA.) b2: and اسبل المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain let fall a shower, and became dense; as though it let down a curtain: (A, TA: [but accord. to this explanation, the verb is app. trans.; and the phrase, elliptical:]) or the rain fell continuously, or in consecutive showers, and in large drops: and in like manner, الدَّمْعُ the tears. (S, K,) b3: And اسبلت السَّمَآءُ (Az, S, M, K) (assumed tropical:) The sky let fall its rain issuing from the clouds and not as yet having reached the earth: (Az, S, TA:) or [simply] the sky rained. (K.) And اسبلت أَرْوَاقُ العَيْنِ (tropical:) The sides of the eye shed tears. (O, K, * TA, all in art. روق.) b4: And اسبل عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He poured forth his speech against him abundantly, [or in torrents,] (A, K, * TA,) like as rain pours. (A. TA.) A4: اسبل الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its سُنْبُل [or ears]; (S;) and so ↓ سَنْبَلَ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) or put forth its سَبَل, (Msb in explanation of the former,) which is syn. with سُنْبُل, (S, M, Msb, K,) or its سَبُولَة: (K in explanation of the former:) [Mtr says,] ↓ تَسَنْبَلَ I have not found. (Mgh.) Q. Q. 1 سَنْبَلَ: see 4, last sentence: A2: and art. سنبل.

Q. Q. 2 تَسَنْبَلَ: see 4, last sentence.

سَبَلٌ A thing that one has let loose, let down, let fall, or made to hang down, and to drag [on the ground]; like as نَشَرٌ signifies “ a thing that one has spread ” &c.: whence the trad., مَنْ جَرَّ سَبَلَهُ مِنَ الخُيَلَآءِ لَا يَنْظُرُ اللّٰهُ يَوْمَ القِيٰمَةِ [He who drags what he has made to hang down of his garment from pride, or self-conceit, God will not look towards him on the day of resurrection]: (O:) or سَبَلٌ means garments made to hang down [so as to drag]; and is pl. of ↓ سَبَلَةٌ; [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which سَبَلَةٌ is the n. un.;] whence جَرَّ سَبَلَتَهُ, (TA,) which means [He dragged his garment; though said to mean,] his garments. (K, TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Rain: (S, M, K:) or rain issuing from the clouds and not as yet having reached the earth: (Az, S, TA:) or flowing rain: and likewise flowing blood. (Ham p. 359.) b3: [Hence, app., as indicating swiftness,] سَبَلُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain mare, (S, K,) an excellent mare, said by As to have been the mother of أَعْوَجُ, and to have belonged to [the tribe of] Ghanee. (S, TA.) b4: And سَبَلٌ [or سَبَلُ as a fem. proper name] is a name for (assumed tropical:) A ewe, or she-goat: and such is called to be milked by saying سَبَلْ سَبَلْ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) A2: Also i. q. ↓ سُنْبُلٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which signifies The ears of corn: (MA: [and in like manner both are expl. in the KL, but as singulars, app. because used as gen. ns.:]) n. un. of the former with ↓ ة, and so of ↓ the latter: and the pl. of ↓ سُنْبُلٌ, which is of the measure فُنْعُلٌ, is سَنَابِلُ: (Msb:) or this is pl. of سُنْبُلَةٌ, (S,) as also سُنْبُلَاتٌ: (Kur xii. 43 and 46:) or سُنْبُلَةٌ [in the CK (erroneously) سُبْلَة] signifies an ear of corn [so I render زَرْعَةٌ (in the CK زُرْعَة)] that is bending, or inclining, as also ↓ سَبُولَةٌ [mentioned in one of my two copies of the S as syn. with سُنْبُلَةٌ but not in the other copy] and ↓ سُبُولَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ سَبَلَةٌ; (K;) or, accord. to Lth, ↓ سَبُولَةٌ signifies an ear (سُنْبُلَة) of millet (ذُرَة), and of rice, and the like, when bending, or inclining: (O, TA:) and some say that سَبَلٌ signifies spreading, or expanding, awn of the سُنْبُل [or ears of corn]; (M, TA;) or the extremities thereof; (TA;) and the pl. is سُبُولٌ; (M;) or سبول is syn. with سُنْبُلٌ, in the dial. of بنو هميان [?]. (TA.) ↓ السُّنْبُلَةُ is also the name of A certain sign of the Zodiac [i. e. Virgo]: (S in the present art., and K in art. سنبل:) [or Spica Virginis;] a star in Virgo; thus called by astrologers; also called السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ. (Kzw. [See art. سمك.]) الطِّيبِ ↓ سُنْبُلُ is A well-known plant, [spikenard, which is called in the present day السُّنْبُلُ الهِنْدِىُّ,] brought from India. (O. [See also art. سنبل.]) b2: Also sing. of أَسْبَالٌ, which signifies (assumed tropical:) The uppermost parts of a bucket, (O,) or the lips thereof: (S:) or ↓ سَبَلَةٌ is the sing. of أَسْبَالٌ in these senses; and signifies (tropical:) the head of a vessel [like as it signifies the “ ear,” which is the “ head,” of a culm of wheat &c.]. (TA.) Yousay, مَلَأَهَا إِلَى أَسْبَالِهَا (tropical:) He filled it (i. e. the winecup, الكَأْسَ, M, TA, or the bucket, الدَّلْوَ, O) to its edges, (M, K, TA,) and to its lips. (K.) And a poet says, (S,) namely Bá'ith Ibn-Sureym El-Yeshkuree, (TA,) إِذْ أَرْسَلُونِى مَاتِحًا بِدِلَائِهِمْ فَمَلَأْتُهُا عَلَقًا إِلَى أَسْبَالِهَا [When they sent me drawing with their buckets, and I filled them with blood to their brims]: he says, they sent me seeking to execute their blood-revenges, and I slew many: العَلَق meaning “ blood. ” (S, TA. [See also Ham p. 268, where some different readings are mentioned; and it is said that the اسبال may mean the knots that are connected with the cross-pieces of wood of the bucket.]) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A number of spears, few or many. (K. [Perhaps because their heads are likened to the heads of corn.]) A3: Also The nose: (K:) pl. سِبَالٌ: so in the Moheet. (TA.) One says, أَرْغَمَ اللّٰهُ سَبَلَهُ [May God make his nose to cleave to the earth, or dust: or (assumed tropical:) abase, or humble, him]. (TA.) A4: And Garments made of the hards, or hurds, of flax of the coarsest of qualities: and so ↓ سَبَلَةٌ [if one of these words be not a mistranscription for the other]. (TA.) A5: And A certain disease in the eye, [thus رِيحُ السَّبَلِ is expl. in the M,] resembling a film, as though it were the web of a spider, with red veins: (S:) or a film of the eye, from the swelling, or inflation, of its external veins upon the surface of the مُلْتَحِمَة, (K,) which is one of the layers of the eye, (TA,) [namely, the tunica albuginea, or white of the eye, so called in the present day,] and the appearance of a web, or thing woven, between the two, [i. e. between those veins and the white tunic,] like smoke: (K:) or a film covering the eye; as though from إِسْبَالْ meaning the “ letting down ” of a veil, or curtain. (Mgh.) A6: Also A reviling, or vilifying. (K.) One says, بَيْنِى وَ بَيْنَهُ سَبَلٌ Between me and him is a reviling, or vilifying: so in the Moheet. (TA.) سَبِلٌ [is app. a possessive epithet, meaning Having length and flaccidity]. خُصْيَةٌ سَبِلَةٌ means[A scrotum] that is long (M, K, TA) and flaccid. (TA.) سُبْلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A rain of wide extent. (IAar, O, K.) سَبَلَةٌ: see سَبَلٌ, in five places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The شَارِب [or mustache]: (S:) or the دَائِرَة [or small protuberance termed حِثْرِمَة, q. v.,] in the middle of the upper lip: or the hair that is upon [app. meaning of] the شَارِب; (M, K;) whence the saying, طَالَتْ سَبَلَتُكَ فَقُصَّهَا [thy hair of the mustache has become long, therefore clip it]; and it is tropical: (TA:) or the extremity of that hair: (M, K:) or the two mustaches together: (M, K: *) or what is upon the chin, to the extremity of the beard: or the fore part of the beard: (M, K:) or what hangs down, of, or from, the fore part of the beard: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or, accord. to Az, it signifies, with the Arabs, the fore part of the beard, and what hangs down thereof, or therefrom, upon the breast: or, accord. to IDrd, some of them apply it to the extremity of the beard; and some, to the hair of the mustache that hangs down on the beard: in a trad., in which it is said that he [Mohammad] was full in the سَبَلَة, Az says that it means the hairs beneath the lower jaw: accord. to Az, it is what appears, of the fore part of the beard, after [or exclusive of] the hair of the side of each cheek and the عُثْنُون [here app. meaning the portion of the beard next the front of the throat], and what is concealed [thereof]: (TA:) or, accord. to Th, the beard altogether: (M:) the pl. is سِبَالٌ, (S, K,) [to which ة is sometimes added, agreeably with a common license, as appears from an ex. in what follows,] and سَبَلَاتٌ, occurring in the saying, إِنَّهُ لَذُو سَبَلَاتٍ, mentioned by Lh, in which the term سَبَلَة is made to apply to every separate portion [so that the meaning is, Verily he has a سَبَلَة]. (M.) One says, of enemies, هُمْ صُهْبُ السِّبَالِ (assumed tropical:) [They are red, or reddish, in respect of the mustaches, &c.: see art. صهب]. (TA.) and of a man who has come threatening, one says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ وَ قَدْ نَشَرَ سَبَلَتَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one came having spread out his mustache, &c.]. (K, * TA.) And in a trad. respecting Dhu-th-Thudeiyeh, [see art. ثدى,] it is said, عَلَيْهِ شُعَيْرَاتٌ مِثْلُ سِبَالَةِ السِّنَّوْرِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Having upon him small hairs like the whiskers of the cat]. TA.) b3: سَبَلَةُ البَعِيرِ means (assumed tropical:) The part of the camel, in which he is stabbed, or stuck, in the uppermost part of the breast; (T, M;) called also the تَرِيبَة: (T:) or the fur that flows down upon that part of the camel. (M, K. [In the CK, مَنْخَرِه is erroneously put for مَنْحَرِهِ.]) You say لَتَبَ فِى سَبَلَةِ النَّاقَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He stabbed, or stuck, the she-camel in the part above mentioned: (M in art. لتب: [in the K, in the present art., كَتَبَ is erroneously put, in this phrase, in the place of لَتَبَ:]) Az heard an Arab of the desert say لَتَمَ فِى سَبَلَةِ بَعِيرِهِ, [which means the same as لَتَبَ,] and he supposes the سَبَلَة to be hairs in the part above mentioned. (TA.) You say also, بَعِيرٌ حَسَنُ السَّبَلَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [A camel goodly in respect of] the thinness of his skin (جِلْدِهِ): so in the O and K: but accord. to the T, of his cheek (خَدِّهِ); and this is probably the right explanation. (TA.) سَبَلَانِىٌّ: see أَسْبَلُ.

سَبِيلٌ A way, road, or path; (S, M, Msb, K;) and what is open, or conspicuous, thereof; (M, K;) and Er-Rághib adds, wherein is easiness: (TA:) and ↓ سَبِيلَةٌ signifies the same: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) the former is masc. and fem.; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) like زُقَاقٌ; (Msb;) made fem. by the people of El-Hijáz, and masc. by Temeem; (Akh, S voce زُقَاقٌ;) but mostly fem.; (IAth, TA;) in the Kur it is made masc. in vii. 143, and fem. in xii. 108: (S, M, TA:) pl. سُبُلٌ, (M, K,) or, accord. to ISk, it has this pl. when masc., and سُبُولٌ, like عُنُوقٌ when fem., (Msb, [but this distinction and the latter pl. are both strange,]) and it has also as a pl. [of pauc.]

أَسْبِلَةٌ. (TA.) In the saying, وَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ قَصْدُ السَّبِيلِ [And upon God it rests to show the right way (see art. قصد)], (M, K,) in the Kur [xvi. 9], (M,) it is used as a gen. n., because it is added, وَ مِنْهَا جَائِرٌ. (M, K.) b2: اِبْنُ السَّبِيلِ means (assumed tropical:) The son of the road; (M, K;) he whom the road has brought, or [as it were] brought forth; (IB;) the wayfarer, or traveller: (Mgh, Msb:) or he who travels much or often: (TA:) or the traveller who is far from his place of abode: (Er-Rághib:) as used in the verse of the Kur, (M, Mgh, Msb,) ix, 60, (M,) it means the person to whom the way has become cut short [so that he is unable to continue his journey]; (M, K;) to which has been added, who desires to return to his country, or town, and finds not what will suffice him: (TA:) or the traveller who is cut off from his property: (Mgh, Msb:) or the person who desires to go to a country, or town, other than his own, for a necessary affair: or, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, the guest who has become disabled from proceeding in his journey, his means having failed him: to such should be given as much as will suffice him to his home. (TA.) b3: تَقْطَعُونَ السَّبِيلَ, in the Kur [xxix. 28], means (assumed tropical:) [And ye cut off] the way of offspring [by your unnatural practices]: or and ye oppose yourselves to men in the roads [or road] for the purpose of that which is excessively, or enormously, foul or abominable. (TA.) b4: [سَبِيلُ اللّٰهِ means (assumed tropical:) The way, or cause, of God, or of religion; or the way whereby one seeks approach to God, or advancement in his favour.] It is said in the Kur [ii. 191], وَ أَنْفِقُوا فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) And expend ye in warring against unbelievers and the like, and in every good work commanded by God; (M, K;) such being of the ways [that lead] to God: (M:) mostly used in relation to warring against unbelievers and the like. (M, K.) And in the same, iii. 163, الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ, meaning [Who have been slain in the cause of God, or of his religion, i. e.,] for the sake of the religion of God. (Jel.) And you say, جَعَلَ ضَيْعَتَهُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ (assumed tropical:) [He made his estate to have its profit, or revenue, or usufruct, employed in the cause of God, or of religion]. (S.) b5: سَبِيلٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A means of access; a connexion, or a tie: so in the saying, in the Kur [xxv. 29], يَا لَيْتَنِى اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا (assumed tropical:) [O would that I had obtained, with the Apostle, a means of access to Paradise]: (S, Msb, TA:) thus it has been explained: (TA:) or the meaning is, [O would that I had taken, with the Apostle,] a way to safety: or one way, the way of truth. (Bd.) b6: [Also, in the present day, applied to A public drinking-fountain.]

سَبُولَةٌ and سُبُولَةٌ: see سَبَلٌ, in three places.

سَبِيلَةٌ: see سَبِيلٌ, first sentence.

سَابِلٌ Travelling upon a road: pl. سَوَابِلُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ سَابِلَةٌ; (TA:) this last signifies travellers, (S, M, *) or a company of people, (Mgh, K,) following, or succeeding, one another, or going repeatedly to and fro, (S, M, Mgh, K,) upon the roads, (S, Mgh,) or upon the road, (M, K,) for the accomplishment of their wants: it is made fem. as denoting a جَمَاعَة. (Mgh.) b2: Also, ↓ سَابِلَةٌ, (TA in art. شغر,) or سَبِيلٌ سَابِلَةٌ, (M, K, * TA,) A travelled road; (M, K, TA;) a beaten road. (TA in art. شغر.) A2: غَيْثٌ سَابِلٌ (assumed tropical:) Rain falling continuously, or in successive showers, and in large drops, and copiously. (TA.) سَابِلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

سُنْبُلٌ and سُنْبُلَةٌ: see سَبَلٌ, in five places: and see also art. سنبل.

سَلْسَبِيلُ the name of A certain fountain in Paradise: determinate; [without tenween;] but occurring at the end of a verse of the Kur [lxxvi. 18], (Akh, S, K,) and being with fet-h, (Akh, S,) ا is added to it, (Akh, S, K,) for the sake of conformity [with the endings of other verses before and after it]. (K.) See also art. سلسبل.

أَسْبَلُ (tropical:) A man long in the سَبَلَة [q. v., here said in the TA to mean the beard, but this is questionable], as also ↓ سَبَلَانِىٌّ and ↓ مُسْبِلٌ and ↓ مُسْبَلٌ and ↓ مُسَبِّلٌ and ↓ مُسَبَّلٌ. (M, K, TA.) b2: And the fem., سَبْلَآءُ, (assumed tropical:) A woman having hair in the place of the mustache. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) An eye having long lashes. (M, K.) مُسْبَلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُسْبِلٌ A man lengthening his garment, and making it to hang down to the ground. (IAar, TA.) [And in like manner,] applied to a woman, [though without ة,] Who has made her skirt to hang down [app. to the ground]. (M.) b2: See also أَسْبَلُ. b3: And المُسْبِلُ signifies (tropical:) The penis: (M, K, TA:) because of its pendulousness. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The [lizard called] ضَبّ. (K.) b5: and the fifth of the arrows used in the game called المَيْسِر: (M, K:) or the sixth of those arrows, (Lh, S, M, K,) also called المُصْفَحُ, (S,) in which are six notches, and to which are assigned six shares [of the slaughtered camel] if it win, and six fines if it do not win: (M:) pl. المَسَابِلُ. (TA.) b6: And مُسْبِلٌ is one of the names of Dhul-Hijjeh; (M, K; *) of the time of 'Ád. (M.) مُسَبَّلٌ: see أَسْبَلُ. b2: Also An ugly old man: (K:) app. because of the length of his beard. (TA.) مُسَبِّلٌ: see أَسْبَلُ.

سهم

1 سَهَمْتُهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَهْمٌ: see 3.

A2: سَهَمَ, (S, MA, K,) aor. ـَ (K;) and سَهُمَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سُهُومٌ, (S, MA, K,) of both verbs, (S, TA,) and of the latter سُهُومَةٌ also, agreeably with analogy; (Har p. 449;) He, (a man, TA,) or it, (one's face, S, MA, and Har ubi suprà,) was, or became, altered in colour, (MA,) or he was, or became, lean or lank, in the belly, and altered [in colour]; (S, K, and Har ubi suprà;) [or, accord. to an explanation of سُهُومٌ in the Ham p. 360, he, or it, was, or became, altered in colour, and emaciated, and dried up;] and سُهِمَ, also, aor. ـْ inf. n. سُهُومٌ, has the first of these meanings: (MA:) [see also سُهُومٌ below:] or سُهِمَ signifies he (a man) was, or became, lean, or lank, in the belly: (TA:) or he (a man, S) was, or became, smitten, or affected, by the heat of the [wind called] سَمُوم, (S, K, [see سَهَامٌ,]) or by the burning, or vehement heat, of summer. (K, TA.) 2 تَسْهِيمٌ The making a garment to be marked with stripes or lines [like سِهَام, i. e. arrows: see the pass. part. n. below]. (KL. [And the same meaning is indicated in the TA.]) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, describing a dwelling, [or rather the traces thereof,] كَأَنَّهَا بَعْدَ أَحْوَلٍ مَضَيْنَ لَهَا بِالأَشْيَمَيْنِ يَمَانٍ فِيهِ تَسْهِيمُ [As though it were, after years had passed with respect to it, in El-Ashyamán, a garment of El-Yemen in which was a marking with stripes or lines: the epithet يَمَانٍ being often applied to a garment of this kind, and ثَوْبٌ being here understood]: (TA:) الأَشْيَمَانِ, or, as some call them, الأَشْأَمَانِ, are two places, or two mountains, mentioned by Dhu-r-Rummeh in several places in his poetry. (TA in art. شيم.) 3 ساهمهُ, (S, MA, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَاهَمَةٌ, (Msb,) He shot arrows [سِهَام] with him [in competition]. (MA.) b2: [And hence,] He cast, or drew, lots [or more properly arrows for sortilege, as expl. in the PS,] with him; practised sortilege [or sortilege with arrows] with him; or competed with him in doing so. (S, MA, Mgh, Msb.) Yousay, ↓ سَاهَمْتُهُ فَسَهَمْتُهُ; (S;) or سَاهَمَهُمْ فَسَهَمَهُمْ; (TA;) aor. of the latter verb سَهَمَ, (S,) and inf. n. سَهْمٌ; (TA;) I competed with him in casting, or drawing, lots [or arrows for sortilege] or in practising sortilege [or sortilege with arrows] with him, and overcame him therein; or He did so with them, and overcame them therein. (S, * TA.) Hence, فَسَاهَمَ in the Kur xxxvii. 141, (TA,) where [the objective complement] أَهْلَ السَّفِينَةِ is understood. (Jel.) b3: [And hence, He shared with him, فِى كَذَا in such a thing. See an ex. voce مُشِدٌّ, and another voce نَاوَبَ. b4: And app. He contended with him for a thing: see 6.]4 اسهم بَيْنَهُمْ i. q. أَقْرَعَ [i. e. He ordered, or commanded, them to cast, or draw, lots, or to practise sortilege, or sortilege with arrows, among themselves, for a thing; or he prepared, or disposed, them for doing so; or he cast, or drew, lots, or practised sortilege, or sortilege with arrows, among them: see أَقْرَعَ]. (S.) b2: And أَسْهَمْتُ لَهُ I gave him a lot, share, or portion. (Msb.) A2: And أَسْهَمَ is syn. with أَسْهَبَ, (K, TA,) meaning He was, or became, loquacious, or profuse of speech: its م is said by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ب. (TA.) [See also مُسْهَمٌ, below.]6 تساهموا: see 8. b2: [Hence, They shared together.] El-Hakam El-Khudree says, ثَوْبَاهَا فَفِى الدِّرْعِ رَادَةٌ تَسَاهَمَ وَفَى المِرْطِ لَفَّاوَانِ رِدْفُهُمَا عَبْلُ i. e. Her two garments shared together; for in the shift was a soft, or tender, body, with a slender waist, and within the waist-wrapper were too thick thighs whereof the part above them, behind, was large. (Ham p. 579.) b3: Also They contended [for a thing], one with another. (JM.) 8 استهموا (S, Msb) and ↓ تساهموا (S) They cast, or drew, lots, or practised sortilege, [or sortilege with arrows,] one with another; syn. اقترعوا (S, Msb) and تقارعوا, (S,) both of which signify the same. (S &c. in art. قرع.) سَهْمٌ An arrow; i. e. one of what are called نَبْل, (Msb, K, TA,) having the iron head [and the feathers] affixed: (TA:) the سَهْم before it has its feathers and its iron head affixed to it is [generally] called قِدْحٌ: (S and K in art. قدح:) accord. to some it signifies the iron head itself; i. q. نَصْلٌ; (Msb;) ISh says that this is its meaning; and he says, if one pick up a نصل, you say “ What is this سَهْم with thee? ” but if one pick up a قِدْح, you do not say thus; and the نَصْل is the broad and long سَهْم, and may be nearly of the length of the space between the extremity of the thumb and that of the fore finger when they are stretched out; and the مِشْقَص is of half the size of the نَصْل: (TA:) [but this meaning of سَهْمٌ seems to be very rare, and little known:] the pl. [of mult.] is سِهَامٌ (S, TA) and [of pauc.] أَسْهُمٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] سَهْمُ الرَّامِى (assumed tropical:) [The arrow of the archer], (K,) or [simply] السَّهْمُ [the arrow], (Kzw,) a certain constellation, (K, * Kzw,) [namely Sagitta,] one of the northern constellations, composed of five stars, between the bill [meaning the star β] of الدَّجَاجَةُ [which is Cygnus] and النَّسْرُ الطَّائرُ [which consists of the stars α and β and γ of Aquila], in the Great Milky Way, having its head towards the east and its notch towards the west; and its length, as it appears to the eye, when it is in the middle of the sky, is about two cubits (نَحْوُ ذِرَاعَيْنِ: see ذِرَاعٌ). (Kzw.) b2: Also The قِدْح [or featherless and headless arrow] with which one casts, or draws, lots, (IAth, Mgh, TA,) in the game called المَيْسِر; (IAth, Mgh, TA;) and the قِدْح with which one plays at a game of hazard [of any kind; i. e. an arrow for sortilege, and a gaming-arrow]; the primary meaning of the word being the missile سَهْم; (Mgh;) or the primary meaning is the قِدْح with which one casts, or draws, lost in the game called المَيْسِر: (IAth, TA:) pl. سِهَامٌ (K) [and أَسْهُمٌ, as above]. See a verse cited voce رَقِيبٌ. b3: Then applied to The thing won by him whose arrow is successful [in the game above mentioned]. (IAth, TA.) b4: and then (IAth, TA) applied also to A lot, share, or portion, (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) whatever it be; (IAth, TA;) as also ↓ سُهْمَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) pl. of the former سُهْمَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سِهَامٌ [both pls. of mult.] and أَسْهُمٌ [pl. of pauc.] (Mgh, Msb, TA) and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ سُهْمَةٌ, (M, K, TA,) this last like أُخْوَةٌ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., كَانَ لَهُ سَهْمٌ مِنَ الغَنِيمَةِ شَهِدَ أَوْ غَابَ [There was, or is, for him a share of the spoil whether he were, or be, present or absent]. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا كَذَا ↓ سُهْمَةُ The share of such a one, of this, is such a thing: and it may be from السِّهَامُ meaning the arrows (قِدَاح) that are shuffled among the persons competing in sortilege, in order that each one may appropriate to himself what comes forth for him as his share. (Ham p. 579.) b5: سَهْمُ السَّفِينَةِ [The mast of the ship: so called as being likened to an arrow, because the curved yard of the sail, resembling a bow, is suspended from the top]: (S, and K in art. دقل:) [in like manner] called in Pers\.

تِيرِ كِشْتِى. (PS in that art.) b6: سَهْمُ البَيْتِ The beam (جَائِز) of the house or chamber; (S, K;) [similarly] called in Pers\. تِير. (S voce جَائِزٌ, q. v.) b7: سَهْمٌ also signifies The measure of six cubits [as used] in men's sales and purchases in their measurings of land. (K.) b8: And A stone which is placed upon the entrance of a chamber constructed for the purpose of capturing therein the lion, so that, when he enters it, it falls upon the the entrance and closes it. (K, * TA.) [The word in this sense is also mentioned in the K as written with ش.]

سُهُمٌ, thus, with two dammehs, [The fine filmy substance termed gossamer,] with the article ال, i. q. غَزْلُ عَيْنِ الشَّمْسِ [lit. the spun-thread of the rays of the sun]: (IAar, K:) and ↓ سَهَامٌ [signifies the same], with the article ال i. q. مُخَاطُ الشَّيْطَانِ [q. v., lit, the snivel of the devil]. (K.) b2: And Overpowering heat. (IAar, K.) A2: Also [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned, signifying] Intelligent, knowing, or skilful or judicious, working men; (K, TA;) and so with ش. (TA.) سُهْمَةٌ: see سَهْمٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places. b2: Also Relationship. (S, K.) Whence ذُو السُّهْمَةِ [A relation]. (S, TA.) سَهَامٌ The heat of the [wind called] سَمُوم; (S, K;) and the burning, or vehement, heat of summer; (K;) and the clouds of dust thereof: or a hot wind; and hot winds; used alike as sing. and pl. (TA.) b2: See also سُهُمٌ. b3: And see what next follows.

سُهَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ سَهَامٌ, (K, and only thus in some copies of the K,) the former mentioned by several authors, (TA,) Leanness, or lankness in the belly, and an altered state (S, K, TA) of the colour, and dryness of the lips. (TA.) b2: and the former, [in some copies of the K the latter, but the former, as is said in the TA, is the right, agreeably with analogy as a word signifying a disease,] A certain disease incident to camels. (El-Umawee, S, K.) سَهُومٌ, with fet-h [to the س, by Freytag erroneously written سَهَوْمٌ, in consequence of his having been misled by a double mistranscription immediately preceding in the CK], The flying eagle: (K:) the epithet “ flying ” being here used only as an explicative. (TA.) سُهُومٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, &c.) b2: Also A frowning (عُبُوسٌ, K, TA) of the face by reason of anxiety. (TA. [In the CK, السَّهُومُ and العَبُوسُ are erroneously put for السُّهُومُ and العُبُوسُ: in the TA, السهوم is expressly said to be with damm, in this case, and the meaning is shown by two verses there cited.]) سَهَّامٌ A maker of arrows. (MA.) سَاهِمُ الوَجْهِ, applied to a man, Altered in face. (TA.) The saying of 'Antarah, وَالخَيْلُ سَاهِمَةُ الوُجُوهِ كَأَنَّمَا تُسْقَى فَوَارِسُهَا نَقِيعَ الحَنْظَلِ is expl. by Th as meaning And the owners of the horses were altered in their complexions in consequence of the state of difficulty wherein they were [as though they, i. e. the riders thereof, were given to drink infusion of colocynth]. (TA.) [But] سَاهِمُ الوَجْهِ, is applied as an epithet to a horse as meaning Urged, or made, to perform a distressing act of running: and in like manner to a man when he is urged, or made, to perform a distressing part in war, or battle. (TA.) b2: [The fem.] سَاهِمَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, means Lean, or lank in the belly: (S, K: [see also مَسْهُومٌ:]) and [its pl.] سَوَاهِمُ, applied to camels, altered by journeying. (S.) مُسْهَمٌ A horse half-blooded, got by a stallion of generous race out of a mare not of such race; syn. هَجِينٌ: (K:) to [the rider of] such is given less than the سَهْم [or share] of the spoil that is given to [the rider of] the horse of generous race. (TA.) [It is applied in this sense to a stallioncamel as well as to a horse.] A poet says, بَنِى يَثْرِبِىٍّ حَصِّنُوا أَيْنُقَاتِكُمْ وَأَفْرَاسَكُمْ مِنْ ضَرْبِ أَحْمَرَ مُسْهَمِ [Sons of Yethribee, keep ye your she-camels and your mares from the being covered by one that is red, (i. e. of goodly appearance, for the red among camels are the most admired by the Arabs, and in like manner the bay among horses,) but half-blooded]: he means, keep ye your women from being taken as wives by such as are not their equals. (TA.) b2: You say also, رَجُلٌ مُسْهَمُ الجِسْمِ A man whose body is wasting away in consequence of love: (K:) and in like manner, مُسْهَمُ العَقْلِ [whose reason is departing]: mentioned by Lh: (TA:) and so ↓ مُسْهِم, in both cases: (TA voce مُسْهَبٌ, q. v.:) the م being a substitute for ب. (TA in the present art.) b3: And مُسْهَمٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ مُسْهِمٌ, (CK,) [both app. correct,] from أَسْهَمَ, is like مُسْهَبٌ [q. v.], (K, TA,) or مُسْهِبٌ, (CK,) from أَسْهَبَ, in measure and in meaning; (K, TA;) meaning Loquacious, or profuse in speech: the م, accord. to Yaakoob, being [in this case also] a substitute for ب. (TA.) مُسْهِمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

مُسَهَّمٌ A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد marked with stripes, or lines, (S, K, TA,) like سِهَام [i. e. arrows]. (TA.) A2: See also the following paragraph.

مَسْهُومٌ, applied to a man, Lean, or lank in the belly: [see also سَاهِمٌ:] or affected with what is termed سهام [app. سَهَام, and meaning the heat of the wind called سَمُوم]. (TA.) b2: And, applied to a camel, Smitten with the disease termed سُهَام: and so ↓ مُسَهَّمَةٌ applied to camels. (S, K.)

سفن

1 سَفَنَهُ, (S, M, L, K,) aor. ـِ (M, L, K,) inf. n. سَفْنٌ, (S, M, L,) i. q. قَشَرَهُ [i. e. He divested or stripped it of, or he stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer covering or integument, or superficial part; he pared it, peeled it, &c.: and he, or it, pared, peeled, stripped, or rubbed, it off; namely, anything superficial and generally a thing adhering to the surface of another thing]. (S, M, L, K.) Imra-el-Keys says, فَجَاءَ خَفِيًّا يَسْفِنُ الأَرْضَ بَطْنُهُ تَرَىالتُّرْبَ مِنْهُ لَاصِقًا كُلَّ مَلْصَقِ [And he came clandestinely, his belly paring the ground, thou seeing the dust sticking to him with the utmost sticking]; (S, M, L; but in the S, لَازِقًا and مَلْزَقِ;) meaning that he came cleaving to the ground in order that the objects of the chase might not see him and flee from him. (S, L.) b2: And He pared and smoothed it; as also ↓ سفّنهُ [but app. in an intensive sense, or used in relation to several objects]. (M, L.) b3: and سَفَنَتِ الرِيحُ التُّرَابَ, (M, L,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (M, L,) The wind reduced the dust to a fine powder: (M, L:) or سَفَنَت ِالرِيحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ وَجْهِ الأرْضِ [The wind pared off the dust from the surface of the earth]. (S, L.) b4: And سَفَنَتِ الرِّيحُ, aor. ـُ (Lh, M, L, K,) inf. n. سُفُونٌ, (Lh, M, L,) The wind blew upon the surface of the earth [app. removing the dust]; as also سَفِنَتِ, (Lh, M, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K.) b5: and السَّفِينَةُ تَسْفِنُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الأَرْضِ The ship, or boat, sticks upon the ground. (L.) 2 سَفَّنَ see the preceding paragraph.

سَفَنٌ A carpenter's adz, or axe, (L,) or a large adz or axe, (M, L,) or a thing (S, L, K) of any kind, (K,) with which one hews, or shapes out, or pares, a thing; as also ↓ مِسْفَنٌ: (S, L, K:) or an adz with which palm-trunks are pared; as also سَفَرٌ and شَفَرٌ. (ISk, L.) b2: Also Rough skin, (S, M, L, K,) thick, or coarse, (M,) such as the skins of crocodiles, (S, L,) which is put upon the hilts of swords: (S, M, L:) or the skin of the fish called أَطُوم, which is a rough skin, wherewith whips and arrows are rubbed [to smooth them], and which is upon the hilts of swords: (Mgh, L: *) accord. to AHn, (M, L,) a rough piece of the skin of the [lizard called] ضَبّ, or of the skin of a fish, with which the arrow is rubbed so as to remove from it the marks of the paring-knife: (M, L, K:) or, as some say, (M, L,) a stone with which one shapes out, or pares, and smooths: (M, L, K:) sometimes, accord. to Lth, an iron implement with which one rubs wood so as to smooth it: (L:) accord. to AHeyth, a cane which is hollowed, and has some notches cut in it, through which an arrow is put and repeatedly drawn [to smooth it]; also called طَرِيدَةٌ. (L in art. طرد.) See an ex. in a verse cited in art. خوف, conj. 5.

سَفُونٌ A wind that blows upon the surface of the earth [app. removing the dust]; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَافِنَةٌ: (K:) or the former, a wind always blowing: (L:) and ↓ the latter signifies a wind as though wiping the surface of the earth; (A 'Obeyd, L;) or paring it; (L;) or [simply] a wind; (S;) and its pl. is سَوَافِنُ. (A 'Obeyd, S, L, K.) سَفِينٌ: see سَفِينَةٌ, in two places.

سِفَانَةٌ The craft, or occupation, of constructing, (M, L, K,) and of navigating, (M, L,) ships or boats. (M, L, K.) سَفِينَةٌ A ship, or boat; (M, L;) of the measure فَعيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; (IDrd, S, M, L, Msb;) as though it pared the surface of the water; (IDrd, S, L, Msb;) or so called because it pares [meaning skims] the surface of the water; (M, L;) or because it pares the sands [by running aground] when the water is little [in depth]; or because [in that case] it sticks upon the ground; or it may be from سَفَنٌ meaning “ a carpenter's adz or axe with which he hews &c.,”

and, if so, having the meaning of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (L:) the pl. is سَفَائِنُ and سُفُنٌ (M, L, Msb, K) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ سَفِينٌ: (S, M, L, Msb, K:) the first of these is a regular pl.: (Sb, M, L:) the second is pl. of the third, (Msb,) or it is as though it were pl. of the third: (Sb, M, L:) ↓ the third is anomalous, being of a class proper to created things, as in the instances of تَمْرَةٌ and تَمْرٌ, and نَخْلَةٌ and نَخْلٌ, and only heard in a few instances in the cases of things made by art; and some say that it is a dial. var. of سَفِينَةٌ. (Msb.) [Hence,] السَّفِينَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The constellation Argo;] one of the southern constellations, of which the stars are five and forty, the bright great star upon the southern oar being سْهَيْلٌ [i. e. Canopus], accord. to Ptolemy, and it is the most remote star from the سفينة, in the south, and is marked on the astrolabe; but some of the Arabs say that the bright star at the extremity of the second oar [but what star is meant thereby I know not] is called سُهَيْلٌ, without restriction. (Kzw.) b2: [Also An oblong book: and a commonplace book: app. post-classical.]

سَفَّانٌ A constructor, or builder, of ships or boats: (M, L, K:) and a navigator, (M, L,) or a master, (S, Msb,) of a ship or boat. (S, M, L, Msb.) سَفَّانَهٌ A pearl. (K.) سَافِنَةٌ; pl. سَوَافِنُ: see سَفُونٌ, in two places.

السَّافِينُ A certain vein in the inner side of the spine, extending lengthwise, with which is united the نِيَاط [q. v.] of the heart. (K.) [Golius and Freytag explain it as meaning the “ Saphæna: ”

but this is called الصَّافِنُ.]

سِيفَنَّةٌ A certain bird [found] in Egypt, that does not alight upon a tree without eating all the leaves thereof. (K.) مسْفَنٌ: see سَفَنٌ.

شي

أ1 شَآءَهُ, (Msb,) [originally شَيِئَهُ,] like خَافَهُ, [which is originally خَوِفَهُ,] (MF,) first. Pers\.

شِئْتُهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) [and by poetic license يَشَاهُ, without ء,] first Pers\. أَشَاؤُهُ, (S. K,) inf. n. شَىْءٌ (Msb, K) and مَشِيْئَةٌ, (S, * K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and مَشَآءَةٌ and مَشَائِيَةٌ, (K,) [or these two also are simple substs.,] He, and I, willed, wished, or desired, it; syn. أَرَادَهُ (Msb) and أَرَدْتُهُ: (S, * K:) most of the scholastic theologians make no difference between المَشِيْئَةُ and الإِرَادَةُ, though they are [said to be] originally different; for the former, in the proper language, signifies the causing to be or exist, syn. الإِيجَادُ; and the latter, the willing, wishing, or desiring; syn. الطَّلَبُ. (TA.) A Jew objected, to the Prophet, his people's saying مَا شَآءَ اللّٰهُ وَشِئْتُ [What God hath willed and I have willed], as implying the association of another being with God: therefore the Prophet ordered them to say مَا شَآءَ اللّٰهُ ثُمَّ شِئْتُ [What God hath willed, then I have willed]. (TA.) [مَا شَآءَ اللّٰهُ as signifying What hath God willed! is used to express admiration. And as signifying What God willed it is a phrase often used to denote a vague, generally a great or considerable, but sometimes a small, number or quantity or time: See De Sacy's Relation de l'Égypte par Abdallatif, pp.246 and 394 &c.]

A2: See also 1 in art. شوأ.2 شَيَّأْتُهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ [in some copies of the K (erroneously) شِئْتُهُ] I incited him, or made him, to do the thing, or affair. (As, S, L, K, TA.) A2: And شَيَّأَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَهُ, (K, TA,) and خَلْقَهُ, (TA,) God rendered, or may God render, foul, unseemly, or ugly, his face, (K, TA,) and his make. (TA.) 4 أَشَآءَهُ إِلَيْهِ He, or it, compelled him, constrained him, or necessitated him, to have recourse, or betake himself, to it; syn. أَلْجَأَهُ; (S, K;) a dial. var. of أَجَآءَهُ; (S;) of the dial. of Temeem. (TA.) Temeem say, شَرٌّ مَا يُشِيؤُكَ إِلَى مُخَّةِ عُرْقُوبٍ, meaning يُجِيؤُكَ [q. v., i. e. It is an evil thing that compels thee to have recourse to the marrow of a hock]. (S.) 5 تشيّأ His anger became appeased: (K:) said of a man. (TA.) شَىْءٌ [A thing; anything; something; somewhat;] a word of well-known meaning: (K:) [sometimes, in poetry, written and pronounced شَىٌّ: see an ex. in a verse cited voce صُؤَابَةٌ: see also the last sentence but one of this paragraph:] الشَّىْءُ properly signifies what may be known, and that whereof a thing may be predicated: (Mgh, KT:) accord. to Sb, it denotes existence, and is a name for anything that has been made to have being, whether an accident, or attribute, or a substance, and such that it may be known, and that a thing may be predicated thereof: (KT:) MF says that it is app. an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n., meaning what is willed, and meant, or intended, [in which sense ↓ مَشِيْئَةٌ (pl. مَشِيْآتٌ) is often used,] without restriction to its actuality or possibility of being, so that it applies to that which necessarily is, and that which may be, and that which cannot be; accord. to the opinion adopted by the author of the Ksh: [or, as an inf. n. in the sense of a pass. part. n., it may be expl., agreeably with what is said to be the proper meaning of the verb, as signifying what is caused to be or exist; accordingly,] Er-Rághib says that it denotes whatever is caused to be or exist, whether sensibly, as material substances, or ideally, as sayings; and Bd and others expressly assert that it signifies peculiarly what is caused to be or exist; but Sb says that it is the most general of general terms; and some of the scholastic theologians apply it to what is non-existent; such, however, are overcome in their argument by its not being found to have been thus used by the Arabs, and by such passages as كُلُّ شَىْءٍ هَالِكٌ إِلَّا وَجْهَهُ [Everything is subject to perish except Himself (Kur xxviii. last verse)] and وَإِنْ مِنْ شَىْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ [And there is not anything but it glorifies Him with praising (Kur xvii. 46)], for what is nonexistent cannot be described as perishing nor imagined to glorify God: (TA:) the pl. is أَشْيَآءُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) imperfectly decl., (Msb, TA,) or rather this is a quasi-pl. n., (Sb, TA,) respecting the formation of which there is much difference of opinion [as will be shown hereafter], (Msb, TA,) and أَشْيَاوَاتٌ, (S, K,) a pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of أَشْيَآءٌ], (MF, TA,) and أَشَاوَاتٌ, [a contraction of that next preceding,] (K,) and أَشَاوَى, (S, K,) with fet-h to the و, (MF, TA,) and it is also mentioned as with kesr, (TA,) [and is written in both of my copies of the S أَشَاوَى, though if with kesr it should be either أَشَاوٍ or أَشَاوِىُّ, but أَشَاوَى

only is meant by J, as is shown by what here follows,] originally أَشَايِىُّ, with three ى s, not أَشَائِىُّ as J says, [or rather as the word is written in copies of the S, for J may have held it to be أَشَائِىُّ or أَشَايِىْءُ, as he says that the ء was changed into ى thus occasioning the combination of three ىs, so that he held its secondary form to be أَشَايِىُّ, as will presently be shown,] because the first ى is radical, not augmentative, (IB, K,) the medial ى of the three being suppressed, and the final one changed into ا [though written ى], and the initial one changed into و, (S,) and another form of pl. is أَشَايَا, (S, Msb, K,) with the ى preserved, not changed into و [as it is in أَشَاوَى], (TA,) [likewise] a pl. of أَشْيَآءُ, (Msb,) and أَشَيَايَا also is mentioned, (K,) as formed [from أَشْيَآءُ] by the change of ء into ى and adding ا, (TA,) and أَشَاوِهُ, which is strange, (Lh, K,) as there is no ه in أَشَيَآءُ, (Lh,) or in شَىْءٌ: (K:) with respect to the first of these forms, [the quasi-pl. n.] أَشَيَآءُ, the most probable opinion is that of Kh: (Msb, TA:) accord. to him, (S, Msb, K,) it is originally of the measure فَعْلَآءُ, (S, K, *) in lieu of أَفْعَالٌ, (K,) and therefore imperfectly decl., (S,) [i. e.] it is originally شَيْئَآءُ, (Msb,) and the two hemzehs combined in the latter portion being found difficult of pronunciation, the former of them is transposed to the beginning of the word, so that it becomes of the measure لَفْعَآءُ, (S, Msb,) as is shown by its having for its pls. أَشَاوَى and أَشَايَا and أَشْيَاوَاتٌ: (S:) accord. to Akh, it is [originally] of the measure أَفْعِلَآءُ; (S, K;) but if it were thus a broken pl., [not a quasi-pl. n.,] its dim. would not be ↓ أُشْيَّآءُ, as it is, but شُيَيْآتٌ: (S:) accord. to Ks, it is of the measure أَفْعَالٌ, and made imperfectly decl. because of frequency of usage, being likened to فَعْلَآءُ; but were it so, أَبْنَآء and أَسْمَآء would be imperfectly decl.: (S, K:) accord. to Fr, شَىْءٌ is originally شَيِّئٌ, and therefore has a pl. of the measure أَفْعِلَآءُ, afterwards contracted to فَعْلَآءُ; but were it so, it would not have for its pl. أَشَاوَى. (S. [Much more respecting this pl. is added in the TA, but it is comparatively unprofitable.]) The dim. of شَىْءٌ is ↓ شُيَىْءٌ and ↓ شِيَىْءٌ; (S, K, TA, but only the former in some copies of the K, the word being written in other copies شُِيَىْءٌ;) not ↓ شُوَىٌّ, or ↓ شُوَىْءٌ; (the former accord. to my two copies of the S and accord. to the copies of the K followed in the TA, in which it is said to be with teshdeed to the ى, and the latter accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K;) or this is a dial. var. of weak authority, (K,) used by post-classical poets in their verses. (MF, TA.) b2: When a man says to thee, “What dost thou desire? ” thou answerest, لَا شَيْئًا [Nothing]: and when he says, “Why didst thou that? ” thou answerest, لِلَا شَىْءٍ [For nothing]: and when he says, “What is thine affair? ” thou answerest, لَا شَىْءٌ [Nothing]: it is with tenween in every one of these cases. (As, AHát, TA.) [When one says لَا شَىْءَ, he means thereby There is nothing.]

b3: لَيْسَ بِشَىْءٍ means [It is nought, of no account or weight; it is not worthy of notice, or not worth anything;] it is not a good thing; or it is not a thing to be regarded. (W p. 27.) b4: [لَيْسَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ فِى شَىْءٍ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning He has no concern with the affair; see two exs. in the first paragraph of art. حوص. b5: فِيهِ شَىْءٍِ مِنَ الطُّولِ occurs in the TA voce حُسْبَانَةٌ, meaning In it is somewhat, or some degree, of length; i. e. it is somewhat long; and is used in the present day in this sense.] b6: In the phrase هُوَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْكَ شَيْئًا, the last word is for بِشَىْءٍ

[i. e. He is better than thou in something; meaning he is somewhat better than thou]. (IJ, L.) b7: مَا أَغْفَلَهُ عَنْكَ شَيْئًا is a phrase of the Arabs [app. lit. signifying How unmindful of thee is he as to anything!] mentioned by Sb as meaning دَعِ الشَّكَّ عَنْكَ [Dismiss doubt from thee (respecting him as to anything)]: IJ says that شيئا is here put in the accus. case as an inf. n., as though the saying were مَا أَغْفَلَهُ عَنْكَ غُفُولًا, because the verb of wonder does not require to be corroborated by the inf. n. [proper to it]: (L, TA:) [or it is a specificative:] IF says that it is a phrase of dubious meaning; and that the most probable explanation of it is this; that ما is here lit. interrogative, but in meaning denotative of wonder; and that شيئا is governed in the accus. case by some other word, or phrase, as though the saying were dismiss a thing by which he is not occupied in mind, and dismiss doubt as to his being occupied in mind by it. (TA in art. ما.) b8: [شَيْئًا فَشَيْئًا means Thing by thing, part by part, bit by bit, piecemeal, inch by inch, drop by drop, little and little in succession, by little and little, by degrees or gradually.] b9: أَىُّ شَىْءٍ [meaning What thing?] is, by the alleviation of the ى [in اىّ] and the suppression of the ء [in شىء], made into one word, أَيْشَىْ: so says El-Fárábee: (Msb:) or, [as is commonly the case in the present day,] by reason of frequency of usage, it is contracted into أَيْشَ. (TA in art. جرم, as on the authority of Ks.) b10: شَىْءٌ in the Kur lx. 11 may mean Any one (Bd, Jel) or more. (Jel.) b11: [It is also applied to (assumed tropical:) The penis of a man; as in the explanation of a phrase mentioned voce ذَنَبٌ; like as its syn. هَنٌ is to the same and (more commonly) to the “ vulva ” of a woman.] b12: In algebra, it signifies [A square root;] a number that is multiplied into itself; which in arithmetic [and in algebra also] is called جذر [i. e. جَذْرٌ]; and in geometry, ضلع [i. e. ضِلْعٌ or ضِلَعٌ]; (“ Dict. of the Techn. Terms used in the Sciences of the Musalmans,” p. 202;) an unknown number that is multiplied into itself. (Idem, p. 730.) A2: It is also said, on the authority of Lth, to signify Water: and he cites as an ex., تَرَى رَكْبَهُ بِالشَّىْءِ فِى وَسْطِ قَفْرَةٍ

[Thou seest, or wilt see, his company of riders at the water in the midst of a desert]: but AM says, I know not الشىء in the sense of “ water,” nor know I what it is. (TA.) A3: يَا شَىْءَ is an expression of regret, (El-Ahmar, Ks, TA,) or of wonder, (K, TA,) [or of both,] meaning [Oh! or] O my wonder! (Ks, Lh, TA.) One says, يَا شَىْءَ مَا لِى, (El-Ahmar, Ks, Lh, K,) and يَا شَىَّ مَا لِى, i. e. with and without ء, (Ks, TA,) and يَا هَىْءَ مَا لِى, (Lh, K,) يا هَىَّ ما لى, and يَا فَىَّ ما لى, (El-Ahmar, Ks, TA,) neither of these two with ء, (Ks, TA,) [meaning Oh! or O my wonder! What has happened to me?] in all of these, (Ks, TA,) ما being in the place of a noun in the nom. case. (Ks, Lh, TA.) b2: Some also say, يَا شَىْءَ and يَا هَىَّ and يَا فَىَّ, and some add مَا, saying, يَا شَىْءَ مَا and يَا هَىَّ مَا and يَا فَىَّ مَا, meaning How good, or beautiful, is this! (Ks, TA.) شِيْئَةٌ [Will, wish, or desire,] a subst. from شَآءَهُ, (Lh, K,) [and] so is ↓ مَشِيْئَةٌ [which is mentioned in the K as an inf. n.]. (Msb.) One says, كُلُّ شَىْءٍ بِشِيْئَةِ اللّٰهِ, (S, K,) i. e. ↓ بَمِشِيْئَتِهِ [Everything is by the will of God]. (S.) شُيَىْءٌ and شِيَىْءٌ and شُوَىٌّ or شُوَىْءٌ: see شَىْءٌ in the middle of the paragraph.

شَيِّآنٌ and شَيَّآنٌ: see art. شوأ.

أُشَيَّآءُ dim. of أَشْيَآءُ: see شَىْءٌ, in the latter part of the former half of the paragraph.

مَشِيْئَةٌ: see شِيْئَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see also شَىْءٌ, near the beginning of the paragraph.

مُشَيَّأٌ Incongruous, unsound, (K, TA,) foul, or ugly, (TA,) in make, or formation. (K, TA. [See Ham p. 192.]) b2: And accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, A child born preposterously, the legs coming forth before the arms. (TA.)

شطب

1 شَطَبَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. شَطْبٌ, (Az, TA,) He cut (K, TA) into oblong pieces, or strips, flesh-meat, and a camel's hump, and a hide, or leather: (TA:) or he cut into strips, but without separating them, a camel's hump. (Az, TA.) b2: And شَطَبَتِ الجَرِيدَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. شَطْبٌ, She (a woman) split the palm-sticks, or palmbranches stripped of their leaves, to make of them mats: which being done, says A'Obeyd, [or when they have been peeled,] the شَاطِبَة [q.v.] throws them to the مُنَقِّيَة. (S.) [Or] شَطَبَت, aor. ـُ inf. n. شُطُوبٌ, She removed the upper peel of the شَطْب, or [fresh, green] palm-branches. (ISk, TA.) A2: شَطَبَ also signifies It inclined, or declined, turned aside or away, deflected, or deviated, and became distant, or remote; (As, O, K;) and so شَطَفَ; and both signify it went away. (As, TA.) One says, شَطَبَ عَنْهُ It turned aside or away, and became distant, or remote, from him, or it. (K.) Thus, in a trad., شَطَبَ الرُّمْحُ عَنْ مَقْتَلِهِ The spear deflected from, and failed to reach, his vital part. (O, TA. *) and one says also, شَطَبَتِ الدَّارُ The dwelling was, or became, distant, or remote. (O.) 7 انشطب It flowed; (S, K;) said of water, &c. (K.) شَطْبٌ pl. of ↓ شَطْبَةٌ, (S, Msb,) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the latter is the n. un.,] like as تَمْرٌ is of تَمْرَةٌ; (Msb;) Fresh, (A,) or green, (Msb,) or green and fresh, (S, K,) palm-branches (S, A, Msb, K) stripped of their leaves: (A:) or they are less than what are termed شَطَائِبُ, of which the sing. is ↓ شَطِيبَةٌ; and the شطائب are less than the كَرَانِيف: [i. e. the كِرْنَاف is the thickest part of the palm-branch; next is the شَطِيبَة; and next to this, the شَطْبَة:] or ↓ شَطْبَةٌ signifies a green palm-branch. (K.) كَمَسَلِّ

↓ شَطْبَةٍ, in a trad. of Umm-Zara, [as expl. in art. سل, q. v.,] means Like a green palm-stick drawn forth from its skin: or like a sword drawn forth [from its scabbard]: (TA in art. سل:) [for] b2: ↓ شَطْبَةٌ signifies also A sword. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K.) b3: [Hence, app.,] شَطْبٌ is used also as an epithet, meaning (tropical:) Tall, and well made; (A, K, TA;) applied to a man and to a horse. (TA.) And, applied to a boy, or young man, (tropical:) Plump; or fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump: and so ↓ شَطْبَةٌ applied to a girl, or young woman: (A:) or the former, applied to a boy, or young man, well made, and neither tall nor short: (TA:) or, so applied, light, or active, in body, and sharpheaded: (IAar, TA in art. عضب, voce عَضْبٌ:) or it means, so applied, long and even (سَبِطٌ) in the bones, light of flesh; likened to the palm-stick that is split: but this epithet is mostly used with ة, i. e. ↓ شَطْبَةٌ, which is applied to a mare: (Ham p. 298:) or this epithet, شَطْبَةٌ, applied to a mare, means lank (سَبِطَةٌ) in flesh; (K, TA;) or tall; (TA;) as also ↓ شِطْبَةٌ in the former sense, (K, TA,) or in the latter; and the masc. is not thus used, applied to a horse: (TA:) and ↓ شَطْبَةٌ, (S,) or ↓ شِطْبَةٌ, (K,) or both, but the former is the more approved, (TA,) beautiful; plump; or fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump; (K, TA;) and tall: (K:) or simply tall; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مَشْطُوبٌ and ↓ مُشَطَّبٌ applied to a man. (TA.) شَطْبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in seven places: b2: and see what next follows.

شُطْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ شِطْبَةٌ (K) and ↓ شَطْبَةٌ (TA) and ↓ شُطَبَةٌ, (K,) which last is said by some to be a n. un. of شُطَبٌ [mentioned in what follows as a pl.], (MF,) A [raised] line (طَرِيقَة, S, O, or طَرِيق, K, [meaning a ridge, and sometimes also a depressed line, as shown voce مُشَطَّبٌ, i. e. a channel,]) in the مَتْن [i. e. broad side, or middle of the broad side, of the blade] (S, O) of a sword: (S, O, K:) pl. شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ, (S, O,) or شُطُوبٌ and شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ: (K: [in which it is said that the pl. is شُطُوبٌ and شُطَبٌ like غُرَفٌ and كُتُبٌ: but I think that شُطُوبٌ is a mistranscription, and that the right reading is شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ like غُرَفٌ and كُتُبٌ:]) hence it would seem that شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ are pls. of one sing.; but Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee expressly states that the former is pl. of شُطْبَةٌ; and the latter, of ↓ شَطِيبَةٌ; (MF;) of which شَطَائِبُ also is a pl.; (L in art. عمد;) and which signifies [the same as شُطْبَةٌ, i. e.] the rising عَمُود [i. e. the ridge] in the مَتْن of a sword. (ISh, TA.) [See also مُشَطَّبٌ: and see عَمُودٌ and مَيْنٌ.]

شَطْبَةٌ: see شَطْبٌ (near the end) in two places: b2: and see also شُطَبَةٌ: b3: and شَطِيبَةٌ, in three places.

شُطَبَةٌ: see شُطْبَةٌ.

شِطَابٌ The instrument with which a بَرْذَعَة [or cloth put beneath a camel's saddle] is quilted. (K.) شَطِيبَةٌ A slice, or strip, of flesh-meat: (TA:) or a piece cut lengthwise of a camel's hump; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ شِطْبَةٌ: (O, K:) or a piece cut in the form of a strip, but not separated, of a camel's hump; and so ↓ the latter word: pl. of the former شَطَائِبُ. (Az, TA.) b2: And A piece cut lengthwise of a hide or of leather; (S, O;) as also ↓ شِطْبَةٌ. (O.) b3: And A piece of [the tree called]

نَبْع of which a bow is made. (S, O.) b4: See also شَطْبٌ. b5: And see شُطْبَةٌ. b6: Also, applied to a she-camel, Tough; syn. يَابِسَةٌ. (K.) b7: And [the pl.] شَطَائِبُ Different, or various, parties, sects, or classes, (K, TA,) and sorts, of men &c. (TA.) b8: And Difficulties, or distresses; (Abu-l-Faraj, O, K;) as also شَصَائِبُ. (Abu-l-Faraj, O, TA.) شَطِيبِيَّةٌ, (as in the TA,) or ↓ مُشَطَّبَةٌ, (as implied in the K,) A quilted بَرْذَعَة [or cloth that is put beneath a camel's saddle]. (K, TA.) شَطَّابٌ A butcher. (Fr, TA in art. سطر.) شَاطِبٌ [act. part. n. of the trans. verb شَطَبَ]. b2: [Hence,] شَوَاطِبُ [the pl. of شَاطِبَةٌ] signifies Women who cut skin, or leather, into strips, after having shaven it or measured it: so accord. to different copies of the K; i. e. بَعْدَ مَا يَحْلِقْنَهُ or يَخْلُقْنَهُ. (TA.) b3: And Women who split palmleaves, and peel the [palm-branches stripped of their leaves, or the portions thereof termed] عَسِيب, to make of them mats, and then throw them to the مُنَقِّيَات: (TA:) or the sing., شَاطِبَةٌ, signifies a woman who peels the عَسِيب, (As, TA,) or who splits the palm-sticks, to make of them mats, (S,) and then throws them to the مُنَقِّيَة, (As, S, TA,) who removes all that is upon them with her knife until she has made them slender, when she throws them back to the شَاطبة: (As, TA:) or a woman who makes mats of شَطْب, i. e. [green, fresh] palm-branches [stripped of their leaves]: (ISk, TA:) the pl. occurs in a verse cited voce تَذَرَّعَ. (S, TA.) A2: Also, [from the intrans. verb شَطَبَ,] طَرِيقٌ شَاطِبٌ A road inclining, declining, or turning aside or away. (S, K.) b2: And رَمْيَةٌ شَاطِبَةٌ A shot, or throw, that deflects, or deviates, from a vital part; as also شَاطِفَةٌ. (TA.) b3: And رَجُلٌ شَاطِبُ المَحَلِّ i. q. شَاطِنٌ [i. e. A man remote, or distant, in respect of the place of alighting or abode]. (TA.) مُشَطَّبٌ A sword (S, A, K) having شُطَب [pl. of شُطْبَةٌ], (A, K,) i. e. (A, TA) having طَرَائِق [here meaning ridges, as expl. above, voce شُطْبَةٌ], (S, A, TA,) in its مَتْن; [or ridges and channels,] these being in some cases elevated and depressed [lines]; (TA;) as also ↓ مَشْطُوبٌ: (K, TA:) said by some, [but not so accord. to the A,] to be tropical, as being likened to pieces of a camel's hump cut in strips. (TA.) And in like manner, A garment, or piece of cloth, having طَرَائِق [as meaning lines, or streaks, or stripes]. (S, TA.) And أَرْضٌ مُشَطَّبَةٌ (tropical:) Land that is furrowed (A, Msb, K) a little, (K,) not much, (Msb,) by a torrent. (A, Msb, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Flowing [water &c.; because of the streaks, or lines, with which its surface is diversified]. (TA.) b3: See also شَطِيبِيَّةٌ. b4: And see شَطْبٌ, last sentence.

مَشْطُوبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: فَرَسٌ مَشْطُوبُ المَتْنِ وَالكَفَلِ means A horse swollen with fat in the two portions of flesh and sinew next the back bone, on each side, [and in the rump,] (O, K,) and whose creases of the skin are far apart. (O.) b3: See also شَطْبٌ, last sentence.

شغب

1 شَغَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and بِهِمْ, (S, Msb, K,) and فِيهِمْ, (TA,) and شَغَبَهُمْ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَغْبٌ, (S, * A, * K, * TA,) with which شَغَبٌ is syn., (A, K,) a syn. sometimes used, (A,) or this latter is not allowable, (S, K,) as some say, (K,) and is ascribed by IAth to the vulgar, and said by El-Hareeree in the “ Durrat el-Ghowwás ” to be a mistake, but IB says in the commentaries on the “ Durrah ” that it is correct, mentioned by IDrd, and MF says that it is mentioned by IJ, as well as by Z in the A; (TA;) and one says also شَغِبَ عليهم, [and it seems to be implied that one says likewise شَغِبَ بهم, and شَغِبَهُمْ,] aor. as above, (S, K,) inf. n. شَغَبٌ; (S, TA;) but this latter form of the verb, with kesr, is of weak authority; (S, * TA;) [whence it seems that شَغَبٌ is correct as inf. n. of شَغِبَ, but disallowed by some who knew not this form of the verb;] He excited, or stirred up, (S, A, Msb, K, TA,) [against them, or] among them, (Msb,) evil, or mischief, (S, A, Msb, K, TA,) and conflict, faction, sedition, or discord, and contention, or altercation, and opposition: (TA:) and [it is said that] تَشْغِيبٌ is like شَغْبٌ signifying the exciting, or stirring up, evil, &c.; (K, TA;) [but]

↓ شغّب, inf. n. تَشْغِيبٌ, signifies he excited, or stirred up, evil, &c., much, or often. (O.) A trad. mentioned in [the first paragraph of] art. شعب is quoted by IAth thus: مَا هٰذِهِ الفْتْيَا الَّتِى شَغَبَتْ فِى النَّاسِ [What is this judicial decision which has excited evil, &c., among the people?]. (TA.) b2: [See also شَغْبٌ below.] b3: The saying of 'Amr Ibn-Kameeäh, فَإِنْ تَشْغِبِى فَالشَّغْبُ مِنِّى سَجِيَّةٌ means (tropical:) And if thou oppose, or contravene, me, and do that which is not agreeable to me, [know that opposition, &c., is a natural disposition of mine; عَلَىَّ being understood after تشغبى, as appears from what here follows.] (TA. [See also 3, and 6.]) Accord. to El-Báhilee, ذَاتُ شَغْبٍ

[applied to a she-ass] means (tropical:) Having the quality of opposing or contravening [the male]: so in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, كَأَنَّ تَحْتِى ذَاتَ شَغْبٍ سَمْحَجَا قَوْدَآءَ لَا تَحْمِلُ إِلَّا مُخْدَجَا (tropical:) [As though beneath me were a she-ass] such as opposes or contravenes [the male], long-bodied, long-necked, [that would not bear in her womb aught save a fœtus imperfectly formed;] meaning, لَا تُؤَاتِبهِ وَتَشْغَبُ عَلَيْهِ [i. e. that she (the beast that he was riding) would not comply with his desire, and was contravening him]. (TA.) [Accord. to J,] ذَاتُ شَغْبٍ وَضِغْنٍ, [in the TA وصغب, and so in a copy of the A, an evident mistranscription,] applied to a she-ass that has not conceived during a year or two years or some years, means (tropical:) Refractory, or incompliant, to the strong, or bulky, male. (S: there expl. by the words إِذَا وَحِمَتْ وَاسْتَصْعَبَتْ عَلَى الجَأْبِ [which have been misunderstood by Golius, and rendered by him, and by Freytag after him, as applied to a woman, and meaning respuens maris congressum, aut picâ laborans].) b4: And شَغَبَ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He declined, or deviated, from the right way or course: (Sh, TA:) or شَغَبَ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَغبٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He declined, or deviated, from the road or way. (K.) 2 شَغَّبَ see 1, end of the first sentence.3 شاغبهُ, (S, A, K, TA,) inf. n. مُشَاغَبَةٌ and شِغَابٌ, (TA,) He acted with him in an evil manner; treated him with enmity, or hostility; contended in altercation with him; or did evil to him, obliging him to do the like in return: (A, K, TA:) he opposed, or contravened, him. (TA.) 6 طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ كَذَا فَتَشَاغَبَ وَامْتَنَعَ (tropical:) I sought, or demanded, of him such a thing, and he manifested incompliance (تَعَاصَى), and refused. (A, TA.) شَغْبٌ inf. n. of شَغَبَ [q. v. passim]. (S, * A, * K, * TA.) b2: Also Clamour, or a confusion of cries or shouts or noises: (Ham p. 505:) or much clamour and confused or indistinct speech, leading, or conducing, to evil, or mischief. (Har p. 311.) One says شَغْبُ الجُنْدِ [The clamour, &c., of the army]. (S, and Ham ubi suprà.) b3: [Hence, app., this word, or the next, is used by some postclassical writers as signifying The plaintive cry of the بُلْبُل. (See De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii. 500 — 502.)]

شَغَبٌ inf. n. of شَغِبَ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) شَغِبٌ, (S, O, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, شِغْبٌ,]) like كَتِفٌ, (O,) and ↓ شَغَّابٌ, (S, O, K,) the latter in an intensive sense, (TA,) and ↓ شِغَبٌّ, (O, K,) [also in an intensive sense,] and ↓ مِشْغَبٌ, (S, O, K,) [likewise] in an intensive sense, (O,) and ↓ مُشَغِّبٌ, [also in an intensive sense accord. to the explanation of its verb in the O,] (S,) and ↓ مُشَاغِبٌ, and ↓ ذُومَشَاغِبَ, (K,) One who excites, or stirs up, evil, or mischief, (S, * K, TA,) and conflict, faction, sedition, or discord, and contention, or altercation, and opposition. (TA.) شِغَبٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَغَّابٌ: see شَغِبٌ. b2: نَاقَةٌ شَغَّابَةٌ (tropical:) A she-camel that does not pursue a direct course, but deviates [therefrom]. (A, TA.) مِشْغَبٌ: see شَغِبٌ. b2: فُلَانٌ مِشْغَبٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is a person who deviates from what is right, or from the truth. (O, TA.) مُشَغِّبٌ: see شَغِبٌ.

ذُو مَشَاغِبَ: see شَغِبٌ.

مُشَاغِبٌ: see شَغِبٌ.