ستر

1 سَتَرَ, aor. ـُ (S, M) and سَتِرَ, (M,) inf. n. سَتْرٌ (S, M) and سَتَرٌ, (M,) He, or it, veiled, concealed, or hid, a thing; (M;) covered it: (S:) and ↓ ستّر signifies the same, (M,) [or has an intensive sense, or denotes frequency or repetition of the action, or its application to many objects: accord. to Golius, “sub velo, obtenso eo [sic], ne quis vir intueretur eam, custodivit puellam: et clam asservavit habuitque eam: ” as on the authority of the KL: in which I find nothing of the kind but تَسْتِيرٌ expl. by the words در پرده داشتن (to have or hold, within a curtain.] b2: (assumed tropical:) He protected another. (The Lexicons passim.) A2: سَتُرَتْ, inf. n. سَتَارَــةٌ, (tropical:) She (a woman) was, or became, سَتِيرَة, (A,) i. e., modest, or bashful. (M.) b2: and سَتُرَ, inf. n. سِتْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, intelligent. (M.) 2 سَتَّرَ see the preceding paragraph.3 سَاتَرَهُ العَدَاوَةَ, inf. n. مُسَاتَرَةٌ, (tropical:) [He concealed enmity with him]. (A.) [See also the act. part. n., below.]5 تَسَتَّرَand 7: see the next paragraph.8 استتر and ↓ تستّر (S, M, K) and ↓ انستر (IAar, M) It became veiled, concealed, or hidden; or it veiled, concealed, or hid, itself: (M:) it became covered; or it covered itself. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] فُلَانٌ لَا يَسْتَتِرُ مِنَ اللّٰهِ بِسِتْرٍ (tropical:) [Such a one does not protect himself from the displeasure of God by piety; i. e.,] such a one does not fear God. (A, TA.) سِتْرٌ and ↓ سُتْرَةٌ [which latter see also below] and ↓ سِتَارَــةٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سِتَارٌ (K) and ↓ سَتَرَةٌ and ↓ إِــسْتَارٌ (TA) and ↓ إِــسْتَارَــةٌ, (M, K,) which last is only known to occur in one instance, in a trad., (M, TA,) and ↓ مِسْتَرٌ, (M, K,) Anything by which a person or thing is veiled, concealed, hidden, or covered; a veil; a curtain; a screen; a cover; a covering; a covert; (S, M, K:) [and the first and second, anything by which one is protected, or sheltered:] the pl. of سِتْرٌ is سُتُورٌ and أَــسْتَارٌ (S, M, K) [the latter a pl. of pauc.] and سُتُرٌ; (M, TA;) which last is also pl. of ↓ سِتَارٌ, (K,) like as كُتُبٌ is of كِتَابٌ; (TA;) and the pl. of ↓ سِتَارَــةٌ is سَتَائِرُ. (S, K.) ↓ [Hence the phrase] هَتَكَ اللّٰهُ سِتْرَهُ [lit., God rent open, or may God rend open, his veil, or covering; meaning,] (tropical:) God manifested, or made known, or may God manifest, or make known, his vices, or faults: (A:) [or God disgraced, or dishonoured, him, or exposed him to disgrace, or dishonour, or may God disgrace or dishonour him &c.] and مَدَّ اللَّيْلُ أَــسْتَارَــهُ (tropical:) [Night spread its curtains]. (A.) And اللَّيْلِ ↓ أَمُدُّ إِلَى اللّٰهِ يَدَىَّ تَحْتَ سِتَارِ (tropical:) [I stretch forth my hands in supplication to God beneath the veil of night]. (A.) b2: سِتْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) Fear. (K.) [Because by it one protects himself from the displeasure of God. See 8.] And (tropical:) Modesty, or bashfulness. (K.) One says, مَا لِفُلَانٍ سِتْرٌ وَ لَا حِجْرٌ (tropical:) Such a one has not modesty nor intelligence. (TA.) b3: And Intelligence; syn. عَقْلٌ. (M.) In the K it is explained by عَمَلٌ; but this appears to be a mistranscription, for عَقْلٌ. (TA.) سَتَرٌ A shield. (M, K.) سُتْرَةٌ: see سِتْرٌ. b2: Its predominant application is to A thing which a person praying sets up before him; [sticking it in the ground, or laying it down if the ground be hard, in order that no living being or image may be the object next before him;] such as a whip, and a staff having a pointed iron at its lower extremity. (Mgh.) [See عَنَزَةٌ: and see my “ Modern Egyptians,”

5th ed., p. 72.] b3: Also A parapet, or surrounding wall, of a flat house-top. (Mgh.) b4: And i. q. ظُلَّةٌ [q. v.]. (Mgh.) سَتَرَةٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

سِتَرَةٌ: see سَتِيرٌ, in two places.

سِتَارٌ: see سِتْرٌ, in three places.

سَتِيرٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مَسْتُورٌ, (S, A, K,) applied to a man, (S, A, &c.,) and سَتِيرَةٌ (S, M, A, K) and سَتِيرٌ and ↓ سَتِرَةٌ, (M,) applied to a girl (S) or female, (M, &c.,) [properly Veiled, concealed, or covered. b2: And hence,] (tropical:) Modest; bashful; (M;) chaste: (S, K:) pl. of سَتِيرٌ, as masc., سُتَرَآءُ; (M;) and of ↓ مَسْتُورٌ, [مَسْتُورُونَ and] مَسَاتِيرُ; (A;) and, app. of سَتِيرٌ [as fem.] and سَتِيرَةٌ also, سَتَائِرُ; and the pl. of ↓ سَتِرَةٌ is سَتِرَاتٌ only, accord. to a rule laid down by Sb. (M.) b3: شَجَرٌ سَتِيرٌ (tropical:) Trees having many boughs or branches. (A.) A2: سَتِيرٌ applied to God is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Veiling, or protecting; a veiler, or protector. (TA.) سِتَارَــةٌ: see سِتْرٌ, in two places. b2: Also The piece of skin that is upon the nail. (K.) سَتَّارٌ One who veils, or conceals, [much, or often; or who does so] well. (KL.) [Hence,] اَللّٰهُ سَتَّارُ العُيُوبِ (tropical:) God is He who is wont to veil vices, or faults]. (A.) b2: And The keeper of the curtain [that hangs over, and closes, the door of a chamber]. (MA.) إِــسْتَارٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

A2: Also Four: (S, M, A, K:) said by Aboo-Sa'eed and Az to be arabicized, from the Pers\. چَهَارْ: pl. أَسَاتِيرُ and أَسَاتِرُ. (TA.) It is applied to men: (S, M:) and you also say, أَكَلْتُ إِــسْتَارًــا مِنَ الخَبْزِ meaning I have eaten four cakes of bread. (TA.) b2: And The fourth of a party of people. (TA.) b3: And The weight of four mithkáls (مَثَاقِيل) and a half: (S, K: [see رِطْلٌ:]) likewise arabicized: (Az:) [app. from the Greek σατὴρ:] pl. أَسَاتِيرُ. (S.) إِــسْتَارَــةٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

مِسْتَرٌ: see سِتْرٌ.

مَسْتُورٌ: see سَتِيرٌ, in two places. b2: حِجَابًا مَسْتُورًا, in the Kur xvii. 47, means A veil covered by another veil; implying the thickness of the veil: (S:) or مستورا is here of the measure مَفْعُولٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, like مَأْتِيًّا in the Kur xix. 62, (S, M,) which some say is the only other instance of the kind; (TA;) and Th explains it as signifying preventing, or hindering, or obstructing; and says that it is of the measure مَفْعُولْ because the veil itself is hidden from man. (M.) جَارِيَةٌ مُسَتَّرَةٌ A girl kept behind, or within, the curtain. (S.) هُوَ مُدَاجٍ مُسَاتِرٌ (tropical:) [He is a wheedler, or cajoler, who conceals enmity]. (A.)

سير

1 سَارَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. سَيْرٌ and مَسِيرٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) which latter is extr., for by rule it should be of the measure مَفْعَلٌ, with fet-h [to the ع], (S,) and مَسِيرَةٌ (M, K) and سَيْرُورَةٌ (M, Mgh, K) like قَيْلُولَةٌ, but [Mtr says] we have not heard it, (Mgh,) and تَسْيَارٌ, (S, M, K,) which last denotes repetition or frequency of the action, (M,) He, or it, went [in any manner, or any pace]; went, or passed, along; marched, journeyed, or proceeded; went away, passed away, or departed; (M, * K, * TA;) by night and by day. (Msb, TA.) You say, سَارَتِ الدَّابَّةُ [The beast went, went along, &c.]. (S.) [And سار سَيْرًا شَدِيدًا He (a camel or other beast, and a man,) went a vehement pace, or vehemently. And سار العَنَقَ He (a camel, or a horse,) went the pace, or in the manner, termed العَنَق: and the like.] And سَارُوا مِنْ بَلَدٍ لِبَلَدٍ [They went, or journeyed, from town to town, or from country to country]: (A:) or سار مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ [he went, &c.]. (Mgh.) And بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِى مَسِيرِكَ i. e. سَيْرِكَ [May God bless thy journeying]. (S.) And سِرْ عَنْكَ Go thou from thy place; pass thou from it: (L in art. نفذ:) or (assumed tropical:) feign thou heedlessness, and bear, or endure, or be forbearing; an elliptical phrase; as though it were originally سِرْ وَدَعْ عَنْكَ المِرَآءَ وَالشَّكَّ [go thou, and leave wrangling and doubt]. (S.) b2: [Hence, سارت السَّفِينَةُ (tropical:) The ship went, or sailed: for] سَيْرُ السَّفِينَةِ is a tropical phrase. (Mgh.) b3: And سار سِيرَةً حَسَنَةً (tropical:) [He pursued a good way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like], (S, A, Msb,) and سِيرَةً قَبِيحَةً [a bad way, &c.]. (Msb.) b4: And سار فِى النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) It became current, or commonly known, among the people; [as also ↓ تَسَيَّرَ, alone; (see Har p. 318;)] i. e. a proverb, and a saying. (M.) b5: And سارت سُنَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like, obtained, or was usual, among people]. (M.) A2: سار is also trans., syn. with سَيَّرَ. (S, M, Msb, K.) See the latter, in five places. b2: [Hence,] سار سُنَّةً (assumed tropical:) He made, or caused, a way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like, to obtain, or became usual, among people. (S, M, * TA.) The Hudhalee (Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr, M) says, فَلَا تَجْزَعَنْ مِنْ سُنَّةٍ أَنْتَ سِرْتَهَا فَأَوَّلُ رَاضٍ سُنَّةً مَنْ يَسِيرُهَا [Then by no means be thou impatient of a way of acting which thou hast made usual; for the first who should be content with a way of acting is he who makes it usual]. (S, M, L, TA: but in the M and TA, in the place of تجزعن, we find تَغْضَبَنْ.) 2 سيّرهُ, (M, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْيِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اسارهُ; (M, A, K;) and ↓ سارهُ, (K,) inf. n. سَيْرٌ and سِيرَةٌ and مَسَارٌ and مَسِيرَةٌ [or مَسِيرٌ, as below]; (TA;) and بِهِ ↓ سار; (IJ, M, K;) He made him (a man, A, Msb) to go [in any manner, or any pace]; to go, or pass, along; to march, journey, or proceed; to go away, pass away, or depart: (M, A, Msb, K, TA:) and بِهِ ↓ سُورَ [ for سِيرَ بِهِ, the reg. pass. form of سَارَ بِهِ,] is mentioned; like هُوبَ and كُولَ. (M.) And سيّر الدَّابَّةَ; (M, A, Msb;) and ↓ اسارها; (M;) and ↓ سارها, (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. سَيْرٌ and سِيرَةٌ and مَسَارٌ and مَسِيرٌ [or مَسِيرَةٌ, as above]; (M;) He made the beast to go &c.: (S, M, A, Msb:) or سِرْتُ ↓ لدَّابَّةَ signifies I rode the beast [and thus made it to go &c.]: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) but when you ride it to pasture, you say, ↓ أَسَرْتُهَا, (Msb,) or اسرتها إِلَى الكَلَأِ (Ibn-Buzurj, TA) or الى المَرْعَى. (A.) And سيّرهُ مِنْ بَلَدِهِ He made him to go, or depart, from his town, or country; expelled, or banished, him from it. (S, A.) b2: [Hence] سيّر (tropical:) He removed, or put off, or took off, the horsecloth, or covering, (S, A, K,) from the horse, (K,) or beast, (A,) or from the back of the beast. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) He made a proverb, (K,) and a saying, (TA,) to become current; (K;) he published it among the people. (TA,) b4: And سيّر سِيرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) He related stories of the ancients. (M, K.) A2: سيّرهُ [from سَيْرٌ meaning “ a thong ”] He made stripes upon it; namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, and an arrow. (M.) And سَيَّرَتْ خِضَابَهَا She (a woman) made her dye to have the form of stripes, like thongs. (K, * A, * TA.) 3 سايرهُ, (S, M, A,) inf. n. مُسَايَرَةٌ, (A,) He went, went along, &c., (سَارَ,) with him: (M:) he went at an equal rate, or kept pace, with him: (PS:) he ran with him; syn. جَارَاهُ. (S, A.) b2: [And He vied, contended, or competed, with him in going, or in running: and hence, (assumed tropical:) in any affair; like جَارَاهُ,] See also 6.4 أَسْيَرَ see 2, in three places.5 تَسَيَّرَ see 8: b2: and see also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: تسيّر [from سَيْرٌ meaning “ a thong ”] said of a man's skin, It peeled off, (A, K, TA,) and became like thongs. (TA.) 6 تسايرا They two [went, or went along, (see 3,) or] went at an equal rate, or kept pace, each with the other: (PS:) or ran, each with the other. (S, A.) b2: One says of a great, or frequent, liar, لَا تَسَايَرَهُ خَيْلَاهُ [lit. His two troops of horses will not run together, each troop with the other: meaning (assumed tropical:) his assertions will not be found to agree together]: (so in a copy of the M:) or ↓ لَا تُسَايَرُ خَيْلَاهُ. (So in the K and TA voce خَيْلٌ, q. v.; and so in the TA in the present art. [See also 6 in art. سلم.]) b3: [And They two vied, contended, or competed, each with the other, in going, or in running: and hence, (assumed tropical:) in any affair.] b4: One says also, تَسَايَرَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ الغَضَبُ (tropical:) Anger went [or disappeared by degrees] from his face. (TA, from a trad.) 8 استار بِسِرَتِهِ, (O, K, TA,) or بسيرته ↓ تسيّر, (as in the CK,) (assumed tropical:) He pursued his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like. (O, K, * TA.) A2: And استار [from سِيرَةٌ in the last of the senses assigned to this word below] He procured for himself wheat, or other provision, from a place, to be laid up in store. (S, O, K.) سَارٌ: see سَائِرٌ.

سَيْرٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, A, &c.) [Used as a simple subst., A going, in any manner, or any pace; passage, march, journey, progress, or course: a pace: pace as meaning degree of celerity, or rate of going: departure: see also سِيرَةٌ.]

A2: Also A thong, or strap, or strip of skin or leather; (S, Msb, K;) i. q. شِرَاكٌ: (M:) pl. [of mult.] سُيُورٌ (S, M, A, Msb) and سُيُورَةٌ and [pl. of pauc.] أَسْيَارٌ. (M.) It is said in a prov., قُدَّتْ سُيُورُهُ مِنْ أَدِيمِكَ [His thongs have been cut from thy hide]: applied to two things exactly resembling each other. (AHeyth, Meyd.) And لَيْسَ فِى العَصَا سَيْرٌ is a post-classical prov., (Meyd,) meaning There is not in the staff, or stick, a thong: the سير in this case being the thong that is inserted into the perforation of the head of the staff, or stick, and whereof a ring is tied, into which the hand is put: the prov. is applied to him who is unable to perform that which he desires to do. (Har p. 232.) سَيْرَةٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

سِيرَةٌ [i. q. سَيْرٌ as meaning A going, in any manner, or any pace; &c.: see above:] a subst. from 1 in the first of the senses assigned to it above. (M, K.) Lh mentions the saying, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ السِّيرَةِ [Verily he is good in going, &c.]. (M: in the TA, ↓ السَّيْرَةِ, as having the meaning here next following.) b2: Also, (M,) or ↓ سَيْرَةٌ, (K,) [but the former seems to be the right, being agreeable with analogy, whereas the latter is anomalous,] A mode, or manner, of going, &c. (M, K.) b3: And the former, (tropical:) A way, course, rule, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or life or the like; syn. طَرِيقَةٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and سُنَّةٌ (M, K) and مَذْهَبٌ: (Mgh:) pl. سِيَرٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, سَارَ بِهِمْ سِيرَةً حَسَنَةً (tropical:) [He pursued with them a good way of acting]. (S.) And سَارَ الوَالِى فِى الرَّعِيَّهِ سِيرَةً حَسَنَةً (tropical:) [The prefect, or governor, pursued among the subjects a good way of acting]; (A, Msb; *) and in like manner, سِيرَةً قَبِيحَةً [a bad way of acting]. (Msb.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The record of a man's actions and pious works; the prefixed noun صَحِيفَة being understood. (Mgh.) b5: (tropical:) Stories of the ancients: (M, K:) [or so سِيرَةُ أَوَّلِينَ:] you say, هٰذَا فِى سِيرَةِ الأَوَّلِينَ (tropical:) [This is in the stories of the ancients]. (A.) b6: [Hence it is used in the present day as meaning (assumed tropical:) The mention of a person or thing: and (assumed tropical:) a matter, or subject, of discourse.] b7: Also, as a law term, (Mgh,) or so [the pl.] سِيَرٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) (assumed tropical:) Military expeditions; or the memorable actions thereof; (Msb;) or the affairs thereof. (Mgh.) And they say السِّيَرُ الكَبِيرُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) The great book of military expeditions; for كِتَابٌ السِّيَرُ الكَبِيرُ]; using a masc. epithet in lieu of the [suppressed] prefixed noun كِتَاب. (Mgh.) b8: Also, the sing., (assumed tropical:) Mode, or manner, of being; state, or condition; syn. هَيْئَةٌ, (M, O, Msb, K,) and حَالَةٌ. (O, Msb.) So in the Kur xx. 22. (M, O, TA.) A2: Also Wheat, or other provision, that is brought from a place to be laid up in store. (S, O, K.) سُيَرَةٌ That goes, or journeys, much: or a great goer: (IJ, M, K:) and ↓ سَيُورٌ is applied as an epithet [in the same sense] to a hackney, and to an ass. (Az, TA in art. فره.) سِيَرَآءُ (S, M, K, &c.) and سِيْرَآء (TA) [which latter, according to analogy, should be with tenween, but perhaps it is without tenween as being a contraction of the former,] A sort of garment, or cloth, of the kind called بُرُود, (Fr, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) having yellow stripes; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or mixed with silk; (K;) or mixed with [the silk termed] قَزّ: (Az, A'Obeyd, Mgh:) or a sort of بُرُود of silk: (A:) or a sort of garment, or cloth, having stripes, made of of قَزّ: or certain garments, or cloths, of El-Yemen; (M;) which are now commonly known by the name of مَضْف: (TA:) or a sort of بُرُود mixed with silk like thongs; and hence its appellation, from سَيْرٌ, “a thong: ” it is asserted by certain of the later writers that it is a subst., not an epithet; and he who says so cites Sb as asserting that a word of the measure فِعَلَآءُ is not an epithet, but is a subst.: hence, he says, it is used with a prefixed noun, as in the ex. حُلَّةُ سِيَرَآءَ; and is expl. as signifying clear silk. (IAth, TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The diaphragm, or midriff: (M, K: *) metaphorically used in this sense by a poet. (M.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) The peel [or pellicle] adhering to the stone of a date. (M, K.) b4: And A palm branch stripped of its leaves. (M, K.) b5: And Gold: (M:) or clear, pure, gold. (K, * TA.) b6: And A certain plant, (M, K, TA,) not described by Ed-Deenawaree [i.e. AHn]; as some say, (TA,) resembling the خُلَّة [q. v.]: (K, TA:) so in the Tekmileh. (TA.) سَيُورٌ: see سُيَرَةٌ.

سَيَّارٌ A journeyer, or traveller: (A:) and سَيَّارَةٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) for جَمَاعَةٌ سَيَّارَةٌ, (Mgh,) or قَوْمٌ سَيَّارَةٌ, (A,) a company of persons journeying: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) [accord. to ISd,] سَيَّارَةٌ is made fem. because meaning رُفْقَةٌ, or جَمَاعَةٌ. (M.) b2: السَّيَارَةُ [and السَّيَّارَاتُ] (assumed tropical:) The five planets; Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. (TA in art. كنس.) سَائِرٌ [part. n. of 1, Going, &c. b2: Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A proverb [and a saying] current, or commonly known. (TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ سَارٌ, (S, M, K,) both are syn., (K,) signifying The rest, or remainder, of a thing: (M:) [and accord. to some,] the whole, or all, of a thing or of people. (S, TA.) [See the former word in art. سأر.]

مَسُورٌ: see the next paragraph.

مَسِيرٌ an inf. n. of سَارَ. (S, M, A, &c.) b2: [Also A place, and a time, of going, or journeying.] b3: And pass. part. n. of سَارَ; (Msb, MF;) [and so ↓ مَسُورٌ, for] you say طَرِيقٌ مَسُورٌ, (K,) or طَرِيقٌ مَسُورٌ فِيهِ, (IJ, M,) [A travelled road,] and رَجُلٌ مَسُورٌ بِهِ [A man made to go, or journey, &c.]: (IJ, M, K:) accord. to Kh, in this case, and in others like it, the ى is changed into و [so that مَسْيُورٌ, the original form of مَسِيرٌ and of مَسُورٌ, becomes مَسْوُورٌ, and is then contracted into مَسُورٌ]: (M:) or, accord. to Kh, the ى is rejected: but accord. to Akh, it is the و that is rejected [so that مَسْيُورٌ becomes مَسْيُرٌ; and then, مَسُيْرٌ; and then مَسُورٌ]. (TA.) مَسِيرَةٌ A space which one traverses in journeying; a journey as measured by the time that it occupies; as in the phrase, مَسِيرَةُ شَهْر ٍ a month's journey; (TA;) and بَيْنَهُمَا مَسِيرَةُ يَوْم ٍ [Between them two is the space of a day's journey]. (S, TA.) مَسِيرَةُ يَوْم ٍ [A day's journey] is twenty-four miles. (MF in art. قرطش.) مَسَيَّرٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with stripes (S, M, A, K) like thongs, (S, M, A,) made of silk: or a بُرْد mixed with silk. (TA.) [See also سِيَرَآءُ.] b2: And عُقَابٌ مُسَيَّرَةٌ A striped eagle. (M.) b3: And المُسَيَّرٌ, (K,) or مُسَيَّرُ القرعِ, (TA, [but the orthography of the latter word I think doubtful,]) A certain sweetmeat, (K, TA,) wellknown. (TA.) مُــسْتَارٌ [A place whence one procures wheat, or other provision, for subsistence, to be laid up in store: from اِــسْتَارَ in the latter of the senses assigned to it above, agreeably with analogy, and as is indicated in the S]. A rájiz says, [namely, Aboo-Wejzeh, as in a copy of the S,] أشْكُو إِلَى اللّٰهِ العَزِيزِ الغَفَّارْ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكَ اليَوْمَ بُعْدَ المُــسْتَارُ [I complain unto God, the Mighty, the Very Forgiving, then unto thee, this day, the remoteness of the place whence I have to procure provision for subsistence]: or, accord. to some, المُــسْتَار, in this verse, is of the measure مُفْتَعَلٌ from السَّيْرُ [and, like it, meaning the journey]. (S.)

سدل

1 سَدَلَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and سَدِلَ, (M, K,) inf. n. سَدْلٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) He let it loose, let it down, lowered it, or let it fall; (S, M, K;) namely, his garment, (S, M,) and hair, (Fr, M, K,) and a veil, or curtain; (M;) and سَدَنَهُ signifies the same; (Fr, TA;) as also ↓ اسدلهُ; (M, K;) or this latter is a mistake; (Mgh; [but this the author asserts because, he says, he had searched through books without finding it except in the “ Nahj-el-Balághah; ”]) not allowable; (Msb;) and the former signifies he let it down, or let it fall, namely, the garment, without drawing together its two sides: (Mgh, Msb:) or, as some say, he threw it upon his head, and let it loose, let it down, or let it fall, upon his shoulders: (Mgh:) and he let it down, or let it fall, namely, hair, not مَعْقُوف [i. e. made recurvate at the extremities], nor tied in knots: (Lth, TA:) and one says also, يَزْدُلُ ثَوْبَهُ, changing the س into ز. (Sb, M.) The سَدْل that is forbidden in prayer is The letting down one's garment without drawing together its two sides: or the enveloping oneself with his garment, and putting his arms within, and bowing the head and body, and prostrating oneself, in that state; as the Jews used to do; and this applies uniformly to the shirt and other garments: or the putting the middle of the إِزَار [or waist-wrapper] upon the head, and letting fall its two ends upon one's right and left, without making it to be upon his two shoulder-blades. (TA.) سَدَلَ عِمَامَتَهُ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ is said in a trad. [as meaning He made the end of his turban to hang down between his two shoulder-blades]. (Mgh.) And one says also, شَعَرَهُ عَلَى ↓ سدّل عَاتِقَيْهِ وَعُنُقِهِ, [meaning He let his hair fall down abundant and long upon his shoulders and his neck,] inf. n. تَسْدِيلٌ. (ISh, TA. [See its pass. part. n., voce مُنْسَدِلٌ.]) b2: Also, aor. ـِ (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He slit it, or rent it; namely, his garment. (M, K.) b3: And سَدَلَ فِى

البِلَادِ, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He went away into the countries, or provinces. (O, K.) 2 سَدَّلَ see 1, last sentence but two.4 أَسْدَلَ see 1, first sentence.5 تَسَدَّلَ see the next paragraph.7 انسدل [and accord. to Freytag ↓ تسدّل also, but he names no authority for this, and I have not found it in any MS. lexicon, but it is agreeable with analogy as quasi-pass. of 2,] It was let loose, let down, lowered, or let fall; said of hair [&c.]. (MA, KL.) b2: And انسدل يَعُدُو He was somewhat quick, or made some haste, running; like انسدر; the ر and ل being app. interchangeable. (Har p. 576.) Q. Q. 1 سَوْدَلَ He (a man) had long mustaches, (IAar, TA,) or he had a long mustache. (As, K.) سُدْلٌ and ↓ سِدْلٌ [the former written in a copy of the M سَدْل, but said in the K to be with damm,] A veil, or curtain: pl. [of mult.] سُدُولٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْدَالٌ (M, K) and أَسْدُلٌ. (K.) In a verse of Homeyd Ibn-Thowr, as it is related by Yaakoob, السُّدُول is used as a sing., because it is of a measure which is [in some instances] that of a sing., such as السُّدُوس, meaning a sort of garment: but others relate it differently, saying السَّدِيل, which is correctly a sing. (M.) [See also سِدْنٌ.]

سِدْلٌ A string of gems or jewels: (S:) or a string of pearls or large pearls, reaching to the breast: (M, K:) pl. سُدُولٌ. (S.) b2: See also سُدْلٌ.

سَدَلٌ An inclining. (M, K.) [See أَسْدَلُ.]

سِدِلَّى, of the measure فِعِلَّى, an arabicized word, originally, in Pers\., سِهْ دِلَهْ [“ three-hearted ”], as though it were three chambers in one chamber (كَأَنَّهُ ثَلاَثَةُ بُيُوتٍ فِى بَيْتٍ), like the حَارِىّ بِكُمَّيْنِ [i. e., I suppose, “like the garment of El-Heereh with two sleeves; ” app. meaning that it signifies An oblong chamber with a wide and deep recess on either hand at, or near, one extremity thereof; so that its ground-plan resembles an expanded garment with a pair of very wide sleeves: in the present day, it is commonly applied to a single recess of the kind above mentioned, the floor of which is elevated about half a foot or somewhat more or less above the floor of the main chamber, and which has a mattress and cushions laid against one or two or each of its three sides]. (S.) [Golius explains it, as on the authority of the S, (in which is nothing relating to it but what I have given above,) thus: Pers\. سِيدَلَهْ seu سِدَرَهْ, i. q. سُدَّرٌ.]

سَدِيلٌ The thing [or hanging] that is let down, or suspended, upon the [kind of camel-vehicle for women called] هَوْدَج: (S, O, K:) pl. [of mult.]

سُدُولٌ and سَدَائِلُ and [of pauc.] أَسْدَالٌ: (S, O:) the first of which pls. is expl. by As as meaning the pieces of cloth with which the هودج is covered; as also سُدُونٌ. (TA.) b2: Also A thing [app. a hanging or curtain] that is extended across, or sideways, (يُعَرَّضُ,) in the space from side to side of the [tent called] خِبَآء (فِى سَعَةِ الخِبَآءِ): and (some say, M) the curtain of the حَجَلَة [or bridal canopy, &c.,] of a woman: (M, K:) pls. as above. (TA.) سَنْدَلٌ, or سَمَنْدَلٌ, (accord. to different copies of the S,) A certain bird, that eats [the poisonous plant called] بِيش [generally applied to the common wolf's-bane, aconitum napellus]: on the authority of El-Jáhidh. (S.) [See also art. سمندل.]

سَوْدَلٌ The mustache. (S, IAar, K.) You say, طَالَ سَوْدَلُهُ, (As, K,) or سَوْدَلَاهُ, (IAar,) His mustache, or mustaches, became long. (As, IAar, K.) ذَكَرٌ أَسْدَلُ An inclining penis: (M, K:) pl. [by rule سُدْلٌ, but it is said to be] سُدُلٌ, i. e. like كُتُبٌ. (K.) مُسْدَلٌ and مُسَدَّلٌ: see what follows.

مُنْسَدِلٌ Hair let loose, let down, lowered, or let fall: (S:) or lank, or long, and pendent; (M, K;) as also ↓ مُسْدَلٌ: (TA:) or abundant and long, (Lth, TA,) and so ↓ مُسَدَّلٌ, (ISh, TA,) falling upon the back. (Lth, TA.)

رطل

1 رَطَلَ, (O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَطْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) He weighed a thing: (O, TA:) or he put in motion a thing with his hand, (IDrd, O,) or weighed with his hand a thing, (Msb,) or tried a thing, (K,) in order that he might know its weight (IDrd, O, Msb, K) nearly. (Msb.) [See also 2.] But IF says, of this combination of letters and the like, that they are not of the genuine language [of the Arabs]. (O.) A2: He ran; syn. عَدَا. (O, K.) 2 تَرْطِيلٌ The act of weighing by, or with, أَرْطَال [or pound-weights]. (K.) [See also 1.]

A2: Also The anointing of the hair, (S, O,) or making it soft, or smooth, (K,) with oil, or ointment, and the crimping (تَكْسِير) thereof: (S, O, K:) and the making it to be loose, and to hang down: (IAar, IAmb, K:) accord. to IAmb, رطّل شَعَرَهُ meanshe made his hair to be loose, and to hang down: (O:) but accord. to the T, the saying of the vulgar, رَطَّلْتُ شَعَرِى, as meaning رَجَّلْتُهُ, [i. e. I made my hair to be wavy, or somewhat curly; or combed it; or combed it down; &c.;] is a mistake: for ترطيل signifies the act of making the hair soft, or smooth, with oil, or ointment; and wiping it so that it becomes soft, or smooth, and glossy. (TA.) 3 راطل ذَهَبًا بِذَهَبٍ, inf. n. مُرَاطَلَةٌ, He sold by counterpoising gold for gold, and وَرِقًا بِوَرِقٍ

coined dirhems for coined dirhems: but [Mtr says] I have not found this except in the “ Muwatta. ” (Mgh.) You say also, بَاعَ مُرَاطَلَةً [He sold by counterpoising]. (TA.) 4 ارطل He had a child such as is termed رَطْل [q. v.]: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or his ears became flabby. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) رَطْلٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ رِطْلٌ (K) A man soft, lax, or uncompact; (S, O, K, * TA;) as also ↓ مُرْطِلٌ: (K, TA:) and old and weak: or inclining to softness, and laxness, or uncompactness, and old age: (K:) and a boy slender, slim, or lean, (K, TA,) or, as some say, (TA,) near to attaining puberty, or virility: (K, TA:) or whose bones have not become strong: (K:) or the former, applied to a boy, whose strength has not become fully established; as also ↓ مُرْطَلٌ [thus written with fet-h to the ط]: (O:) pl. رِطَلَةٌ: (O, TA:) and the first, i. e. رَطْلٌ, a man who is foolish; stupid; unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding; (K;) fem. with ة: (TA:) one who has not, or possesses not, what suffices; or who is not profitable to any one: and also having flaccid ears: (O:) and, applied to a horse, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) as also ↓ رِطْلٌ, (K,) or, as some say, the latter only, (TA,) light, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA,) and weak: (TA:) fem. with ة, (O, K, TA,) in all the senses. (TA.) A2: [الرَّطْلُ is also explained in the K as syn. with العَدْلُ: but perhaps this is a mistranscription for العَدْوُ, inf. n. of عَدَا: see 1, last sentence.]

A3: See also the next paragraph.

رِطْلٌ and ↓ رَطْلٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former of which is the better known, (Msb, TA,) or the more chaste, (O, TA,) [but the latter is that which is now in common use,] A certain thing with which one weighs, (Mgh, O, Msb,) or which one uses as a measure of capacity: (Mgh, Msb:) [or rather both: a pound-weight: and a pint-measure: and also a pound of anything: and a pint of anything:] the half of what is termed مَنًا: (S:) accord. to the standard of Baghdád, twelve ounces; the ounce (أُوقِيَّة) being an إِــسْتَار and two thirds of an استار; and the استار being four مَثَاقِيل and half of a مِثْقَال; and the مثقال being a دِرْهَم and three sevenths of a درهم; and the درهم being six دَوَانِق; and the دَانِق being eight حَبَّات and two fifths of a حَبَّة; so that the رطل is ninety مثاقيل; i. e. a hundred and twenty-eight دَرَاهِم and four sevenths of a درهم (Msb:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, a hundred and twenty-eight دراهم of the weight of seven (وَزْنَ سَبْعَةٍ [explained voce دِرْهَمٌ]): (Mgh:) or twelve ounces; the ounce (أُوقِيَّة, i. e. the ounce of the Arabs, TA,) being forty دراهم; (Mgh, K, TA;) so that the whole is four hundred and eighty دراهم: (Mgh, TA:) this is the Syrian رطل: (TA:) and thus it is, accord. to El-Harbee, in the saying, السُّنَّةُ فِى

النِّكَاحِ رِطْلٌ [meaning The usage of the Prophet in the case of marriage was to give a رطل of silver]: (Mgh, TA:) so says Az in the T: (Mgh:) or, as is [also] said by Az, it is in this instance twelve ounces and a نَشّ; the نشّ being twenty [دراهم] so that the whole is five hundred دراهم; as is related on the authority of 'Áïsheh: but in a trad. 'Omar, twelve ounces, without the mention of the نشّ: accord. to the lawyers, [however,] when the رطل is mentioned without restriction, what is meant thereby is the رطل of Baghdád: (TA:) [as a measure of capacity, i. e. a pint,] it is said in the A [&c.] to be the eighth part of the صَاع; the half of the مُدّ; (TA;) [i. e.] the half of the مَنّ: and hence applied to one of the vessels of the vintner [app. because it contains a pint]: (Har p. 650:) pl. أَرْطَالٌ. (Msb.) A2: See also رَطْلٌ, in two places.

مُرْطَلٌ: see رَطْلٌ: b2: and see also what here follows.

مُرْطِلٌ, like مُحْسِنٌ [in measure], (K,) written by Sgh with fet-h, (TA,) i. e. ↓ مُرْطَلٌ, (so in the O,) A tall man. (O, K.) b2: See also رَطْلٌ.

برد

1 بَرُدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرُودَةٌ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) and بَرَدَ, aor. ـُ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (M, Msb;) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the latter said of water, Msb) was, or became, cold, chill, or cool; [see بَرْدٌ below;] (S, M;) its heat became allayed. (Msb.) The latter verb is also used transitively, as will be shown below. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] بَرُدَ مَضْجَعَهُ [lit. His bed, or place of sleep, became cold; meaning] (tropical:) he went on a journey. (A.) b3: بَرَدَ also signifies (tropical:) He died; (As, T, S, A, K;) because death is the non-existence of the heat of the soul; (L;) or it is allusive to the extinction of the natural heat; or to the cessation of motion. (MF.) For b4: بَرَدَ, (MF,) aor. ـُ (Mgh,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (MF,) likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, still, quiet, or motionless; (Mgh, MF;) for instance, a slaughtered sheep or goat [&c.]. (Mgh.) And (assumed tropical:) It (beverage of the kind called نَبِيذ) became still, and without briskness. (TA, from a trad.) Yousay, رُعِبَ فَبَرَدَ مَكَانَهُ [(assumed tropical:) He became frightened, and remained motionless in his place; مَكَانَهُ meaning فِى مَكَانَهُ: and hence,] (tropical:) he became amazed, or stupified. (A.) And بَرَدَتْ عَيْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) The pain in his eye became allayed, or stilled. (L.) And بَرَدَ أَمْرُنَا (assumed tropical:) Our affair, or case, became easy. (TA, from a trad. [See also بَارِدٌ.]) b5: Also, inf. n. بَرْد, [which see below,] (assumed tropical:) He slept. (T.) b6: And hence, (tropical:) It remained, or became permanent, or fixed, or settled. (T.) So in the saying, لَمْ يَبْرُدْ بِيَدِى مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ (tropical:) There did not remain, or become permanent or fixed or settled, in my hand, thereof, anything. (T, L. *) Yousay also, بَرَدَ أَسِيرًا فِى أَيْدِيْهِمْ (tropical:) He remained safely a captive in their hands. (A.) And بَرَدَ فِى أَيْدِيهمْ سَلْمًا (tropical:) He became a permanent captive, remaining in their hands, not to be ransomed nor liberated nor demanded. (L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَىمُصْطَلَاهُ (tropical:) Death fixed, or settled, [upon his face and extremities, or] upon his limbs, or upon his arms and legs and face and every prominent part, which become cold at the time of death, and which are warmed at the fire. (AHeyth, L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَيْهِ [(tropical:) Death became impressed upon him;] the marks, or signs, of death became apparent upon him. (A.) b7: [And hence, app.,] (tropical:) It (a right, or due,) became incumbent, or obligatory, (M, K, TA,) and established. (TA.) You say, بَرَدَ لِى حَقِّى عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My right, or due, became incumbent, or obligatory, on such a one, and established against him. (M, * A, * TA.) And مَا بَرَدَ لَكَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) What hath become incumbent, or obligatory, to thee, on such a one, and established against him? or what hath become owed, or due, to thee, by, or from, such a one? as also مَا ذَابَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ. (S.) And بَرَدَ لِى عَلَيْهِ كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (tropical:) Such an amount of the property, or of property, became incumbent, or obligatory, to me, on him, and established against him; or became owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S.) b8: Also, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA, [but see the next sentence,]) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, weak; and so بُرِدَ, a verb like عُنِىَ. (K.) And, inf. n. بُرَادٌ and بُرُودٌ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, languid, (K,) or weak and languid, from leanness or disease: (M:) or weak in the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) And بَرَدَ مُخُّهُ, (A, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (A, K;) and so بَرَدَتْ عِظَامُهُ. (A, TA.) b9: (assumed tropical:) It (a sword [or the like]) was, or became, blunt. (M, K.) A2: بَرَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (K;) and ↓ برّدهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (S;) He made it, or rendered it, (for ex., water, M, Msb, K,) cold, chill, or cool: (S, &c.:) but the latter has an intensive signification [he made it, or rendered it, very cold, or very cool]: (Msb:) or both signify, (K,) or the former signifies, (M, TA,) he mixed it with snow: (M, K:) one does not say ↓ ابردهُ, except in a bad dialect. (S.) بَرِّدِيهِ, being used by a poet for بَلْ رِدِيهِ, has been erroneously supposed to mean “Make thou it hot.” (M.) You say, بَرَدَنَا اللَّيْلُ, (aor. and inf. n. as above, M,) and بَرَدَ عَلَيْنَا, The night affected us with its cold. (M, K.) and سَقَيْتُهُ شَرْبَةً بَرَدَتْ فُؤَادَهُ, (S, M, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) I gave him to drink a draught that cooled his heart: (S, M:) or بَرَدْتُ بِهَا فُؤَادَهُ [with which I cooled his heart]. (So in the T.) And فُؤَادَكَ بِشَرْبَةٍ ↓ بَرِّدْ Cool thy heart by a draught. (A.) And اِسْقِنِى سَوِيقًا أَبْرُدْ بِهِ كَبِدِى

[Give thou me to drink سويق with which I may cool my liver]. (T.) And بَرَدَ عَيْنُهُ بِالْكُحْلِ, (A'Obeyd, T, M,) or بِالْبَرُودِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) [He cooled his eye with the collyrium, or] he applied the cooling collyrium to his eye, (T, * S, M, * Msb, K, *) and allayed its pain. (M.) The following words, cited by IAar, بَرَدُوا غَوَارِبَ أَيْنُقٍ حُدْبِ [lit. They cooled the fore parts of the humps, or the backs, of humped she-camels], mean (tropical:) they put off from them their saddles, that their backs might become cool. (M.) You say also, بَرِّدْ ↓ ظَهْرَ فَرَسِكَ سَاعَةً (tropical:) Relieve thy horse from riding [lit. cool his back] awhile. (A.) And لَا تُبَرِّدْ ↓ عَنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Do not thou alleviate the punishment [in the world to come] due to the offence of such a one by thy reviling him, or cursing him, when he has acted injuriously to thee. (T, S, * M, * A, * L.) And بَرَدَ الخُبْزَ, (T, L, K,) بِالْمَآءِ, (T,) He poured [cold] water upon the bread, (T, L, K,) and moistened it [therewith: see بَرُودٌ]. (T, L.) b2: بُرِدَ (a verb like عُنِىَ, K) It (a company of men) was hailed upon. (S, M, K.) And بُرِدَتِ الأَرُضُ The land, or ground, was hailed upon. (S.) A3: بَرَدَ, (S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (Mgh, TA,) also signifies He filed (M, Mgh, K) iron, (S, M, &c.,) and the like, (M,) with a مِبْرَد.(S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) A4: بَرَدَهُ and ↓ ابردهُ He sent him as a بَرِيد [or messenger on a postmule or post-horse]. (K.) And بَرَدَ بَريدًا, (M,) and ↓ ابردهُ, (A,) He sent a بريد. (M, A.) and إِلْيَهِ ↓ ابرد, (S,) or اليه بَرِيدًا ↓ ابرد, (T, TA.) He sent to him a بريد. (T, S.) 2 بَرَّدَ see بَرَدَهُ, in four places. b2: برّدهُ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He made it incumbent, or obligatory, on him. (M, A.) b3: And برّدهُ, (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابردهُ; (M, K;) (tropical:) It (a thing, M) made him, or rendered him, weak; weakened him; (K;) or made him, or rendered him, weak and languid. (M.) A2: [برّد also signifies, as is indicated in the TA voce حُبَاحِبٌ, It (a locust) spread forth its wings; which are termed its بُرْدَانِ: see بُرْدٌ.]4 ابرد He entered upon a cold, or cool, time: (Mgh, Msb:) he entered upon the last part of the day: (M, K:) he entered upon the time when the sun had declined: (Mohammad Ibn-Kaab, T:) and he entered upon the cool season, at the end of the summer. (Lth, T.) [Hence,] أَبْرِدُوا بِالطَّعَامِ Delay ye to eat food until it is cool: occurring in a trad. (El-Munáwee.) And أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ (T, A, Mgh, Msb) Defer ye the noon-prayers until the cooler time of the day, when the vehemence of the heat shall have become allayed. (Mgh, Msb.) And أَبْرِدْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرِةَ Stay thou until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool. (M, and L in art. فيح.) b2: ابردلَهُ He gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (M, K.) You say also, سَقَيْتُهُ فَأَبْرَدْتُ لَهُ, meaning I gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (A'Obeyd, S.) b3: ابردهُ He brought it cold, or cool. (M, K.) b4: See بَرَدَهُ, first sentence. b5: and see 2.

A2: See also 1, in four places; last three sentences.5 تبرّد فِيهِ He descended into it, (i. e., into water, TA,) and washed himself in it, to refresh himself by its coolness. (M, K.) See also 8. b2: تبرّد also signifies (assumed tropical:) He became weakened. (TA.) 8 ابترد He washed himself with cold water: (S:) and likewise, (S,) or ابتردالمَآءَ, (K,) he drank water to cool his liver: (S, K:) or the latter signifies he poured the water cold upon himself, (M, K,) meaning, upon his head: (M:) and بِالْمَاءِ ↓ تبرّد, (T, A,) and ابترد, (A,) he washed himself with water, or with the water. (T.) 10 استبرد عَلَيْهِ لِسَانَهُ (tropical:) He let loose his tongue and used it like a file against him. (A.) بَرْدٌ and ↓ بُرُودَةٌ [originally inf. ns.] Cold; coldness; chill; chilness; cool, as a subst.; coolness; the former, contr. of حَرٌّ; (S, M, A, Msb;) and the latter, of حَرَارَةٌ. (S.) b2: And [hence] the former, (tropical:) Pleasantness; enjoyment; ease; comfort: as in the saying, نَسْأَلُكَ الجَنَّةَ وَ بَرْدَهَا (tropical:) We ask of Thee Paradise and its pleasantness, &c. (L.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Sleep: (T, S, M, A, K:) [an inf. n. used as a subst.:] so in the Kur lxxviii. 24: (S, M, K:) for sleep cools a man: (TA:) or, accord. to I'Ab, it there means the coldness, or coolness, of beverage. (T.) You say, مَنَعَ البَرَدُ البَرْدَ (assumed tropical:) The hail prevented sleep. (A.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Saliva: (Th, T, M, K:) so, accord. to Th, in the saying of El-'Arjee, وَ إِنْ شِئْتِ لَمْ أَطْعَمُ نُقَاخًا وَ لَا بَرْدَا And if thou desire, I will not taste sweet water, nor saliva [from any lips but thine]. (T, M, * TA. [But this is cited in the S as an ex. of بَرْد signifying sleep.]) b5: See also بَارِدٌ. b6: [Hence,] البَرْدَانِ: see الأَبْرَدَانِ, voce أَبْرَدُ.

بُرْدٌ A kind of garment; (S;) a kind of striped garment: (M, K:) accord. to some, of the description termed وَشْىٌ [or variegated]: (M:) or particular kinds thereof are distinguished by such terms as بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ and بُرْدُ وَ شْىٍ: (Msb:) also, (as a coll. gen. n., TA,) garments of the kind called أَكْسِيَةٌ, [pl. of كِسَآءٌ,] which are wrapped round the body; (K;) one of which is called ↓ بُرْدَةٌ: (M, K:) or, as Lth says, the بُرْد is [a] well-known [garment], of the kind called بُرُودُ العَصْبِ and بُرُودُ الوَشْىِ; (T;) but the ↓ بُرْدَةٌ is a garment of the kind called كِسَآءٌ, four-sided, black, and somewhat small, worn by the Arabs of the desert: (T, S, Mgh, * Msb, * TA:) or this latter (the بردة) is a striped garment of the kind called شَمْلَةٌ: (T:) or it is an oblong piece of woollen cloth, fringed: (M:) Sh says, I saw an Arab of the desert wearing a piece of woollen cloth resembling a napkin, wrapped round the body like an apron; and on my saying to him, What dost thou call it? he answered, بُرْدَة: (T:) [the modern بردة, in every case in which I have seen it, I have observed to be an oblong piece of thick woollen cloth, generally brown or of a dark or ashy dust-colour, and either plain, or having stripes so narrow and near together as to appear, at a little distance, of one colour; used both to envelop the person by day and as a night-covering: the بردة of Mohammad is described as about seven feet and a half in length, and four and a half in width, and in colour either أَخْضَر or أَحْمَر, i. e. of a dark or ashy dust-colour or brown; for such are the significations of these two epithets when applied to a garment of this kind, and in some other cases:] the pl. of بُرْدٌ is أَبْرُدٌ (M, K) and أَبْرَادٌ [both pls. of pauc.] and بُرُودٌ (S, M, K) and بُرَدٌ, (IAar, T,) or this last is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, (S, M,) and بِرَادٌ, like as قِرَاطٌ is pl. of قُرْطٌ, or this, also, is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, like as بِرَامٌ is pl. of بُرْمَةٌ. (M.) b2: ذُوبُرْدٍ, as opposed to ذُو كِسَآءِ, means (assumed tropical:) A rich man. (S in art. عج.) b3: وَقَعَ بَيْنُهُمَا قَدُّ بُرُودٍ يُمْنَةٍ, (so in copies of the K, in the TA يُمَنَةٍ,) or بُرُودٍ

ثَمِينَةٍ, (so in a copy of the A,) (tropical:) [There happened between them two the rending of بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen, accord. to the reading in the K, or of costly بُرُود, accord. to the reading in the A,] means they arrived at a great, or severe, state of affairs; (K;) or is said of two men who have contended together in vehement altercation so that they have rent each other's garments; (A;) [accord. to the reading in the K,] because يُمَنٌ, [in the CK يُمْن,] which are بُرُود of El-Yemen, are not rent save on account of some great, or severe, thing, or affair. (K.) b4: ↓ هُمَا فِى بُرْدَةِ

أَخْمَاسٍ means (assumed tropical:) They two do one deed; or act alike; (IAar, M, K;) and resemble each other, as though they were in one بُرْدَة: (IAar, M:) or they two have become near together, and in a state of agreement. (K in art. خمس, q. v.) b5: and ↓ سَلَبَ الصَّهْبَآءَ بُرْدَتَهَا(tropical:) He, or it, deprived the wine of its colour. (A.) b6: And بُرْدَا الجَرَادِ, (T,) or الجُنْدَبِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) The two wings [of the locust, or of the species called جندب]. (T, S.) b7: And ↓بُرْدَةُ الضَّأْنِ(assumed tropical:) A certain sort of milk. (K.) بَرَدٌ Hail; what descends from the clouds, resembing pebbles; (M, Msb;) frozen rain; (Lth, T;) what is called حَبُّ الغَمَامِ (S, A, Msb, K) and حَبُّ المُزْنِ (Msb) [i. e. the grains, or berries, of the clouds: a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة, signifying a hailstone].

بَرِدٌ Possessing coldness or coolness: an epithet applied to the [plant called] صِلِّيَان. (S.) b2: سَحَابٌ بَرِدٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ أَبْرَدُ, (S, K,) Clouds containing hail (T, S, M, K *) and cold. (T.) You say also سَحَابَةٌ بَرِدَةٌ A cloud containing hail (T, S, M, A *) and cold; (T;) but not سحابة بَرْدَآءُ. (M.) بَرْدَةٌ: see بَارِدٌ: A2: and see also بَرَدَةٌ.

A3: هِىَ لَكَ بَرْدَةَ نَفْسَهَا She is purely thine; (Fr, A'Obeyd, T, S, M;) syn. خَالِصَةً: (M:) A'Obeyd explains it by خَالِصًا, (T, S, M,) not in the fem. form, (TA,) on the authority of Fr. (T.) b2: هُوَ لِى بَرْدَةَ يَمِينِى, (A'Obeyd, M,) or هُوَ لِبَرْدَةِ يَمِينِى, (S,) He, or it, is known to me. (A'Obeyd, S, M.) A4: بَرْدَةُ a proper name applied to The ewe. (K.) بُرْدَةٌ: see بُرْدٌ, in five places.

بَرَدَةٌ (T, S, M, A, &c.) and ↓ بَرْدَةٌ (T, M, K) Indigestion; a malady arising from unwholesome food: (S, M, A, L, Msb, K:) or heaviness of food to the stomach: (IAar, T, L:) so termed because it makes the stomach cold. (T, L, Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَصْلُ كُلِّ دَآءٍ البَرَدَةُ [The origin of every disease is indigestion]. (T, S, M, * A.) A2: Also, the former, The middle of the eye. (K.) بُرَدَآءُ An ague; i. e. a fever attended by a cold fit, (K,) or by shivering. (TA.) بَرْدِيٌّ A well-known kind of plant, (S, M, * K,) of which the kind of paper termed قِرْطَاس is made; (TA in art. قرطس, q. v. ;) [namely, papyrus; and] of which mats are made; (Msb;) [app. meaning rushes in general: but the former is generally meant by it in the present day, and is probably the proper signification: anciently, mats, as well as ropes and sails &c., were made of the rind of the papyrus; and even small boats were constructed of its stalks bound together; and of such, probably, was the ark in which the infant Moses was exposed: it is a coll. gen. n.:] n. un.

بَرْدِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) Hence, قَطْنُ البَرْدِىّ The cotton of the papyrus, which, resembling wool, is gathered from the stalk, and, mixed with lime, composes a very tenacious kind of cement. (Golius, from Ibn-Maaroof.) b2: [Also, a rel. n. from the same, meaning Of, or belonging to, or resembling, the plant so called. Hence the saying,] لَهَا سَاقٌ بَرْدِيَّةٌ [She has a shank like a papyrus-stalk]. (A.) بُرْدِىٌّ One of the most excellent sorts of dates: (S, Msb:) an excellent sort of dates, (AHn, M, K,) resembling the بَرْنِىّ: (AHn, M:) or a sort of dates of El-Hijáz. (TA.) بَرْدَانٌ Feeling cold or chilly or cool: fem. with ة: perhaps post-classical; for I have not found it mentioned in any of the lexicons.]

بُرَادٌ: see بَارِدٌ.

A2: Also Weakness of the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) [See also 1.]

بَرُودٌ: see بَارِدٌ. b2: Beverage that cools the heat of thirst. (T.) b3: Also, (T, L, K,) and ↓ مَبْرُودٌ, (T, M, A, L, K,) Bread upon which water is poured; (T, L, K;) which is moistened with cold water: (A:) eaten by women to make them fat. (M, A, L.) The subst. applied to such bread is ↓ بَرِيدٌ (A.) b4: بَرُودٌ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates] also signifies Cold water which one pours upon his head. (M.) b5: Anything with which a thing is rendered cold, or cooled. (S, M.) b6: A collyrium which cools the eye; (Lth, T, M, Msb;) also termed بَرُودُ العَيْنِ. (T, S.) b7: بَرُودُ الظِّلِّ (assumed tropical:) Pleasant in social intercourse: applied alike to the male and the female. (TA, from a trad.) b8: ثَوْبٌ بَرُودٌ A garment without nap: (K:) and a garment that is not warm nor soft. (TA.) بَرِيدٌ: see بَرُودٌ.

A2: Also A mule appointed [ for the conveyance of messengers] in a رِبَاط [or public building for the accommodation of travellers and their beasts, or in a سِكَّة, which is a house or the like specially appropriated to messengers and the beasts that carry them: thus it signifies a postmule: afterwards, it was applied also to a posthorse, and any beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers]: (Mgh:) [this is what is meant by the words in the S and K, البَرِيدُ المُرَتَّبُ:] it is a word of Persian origin, (Z in the Fáïk,) arabicized, from بُرِيدَهْ دُمْ, (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh,) i. e. “docked,” or “having the tail cut off;” for the post-mules (بِغَالُ البَرِيدِ) had their tails cut off in order that they might be known: (Z in the Fáïk:) [or perhaps it is from the Hebrew פֶּרֶד “a mule:”] or it is applied to the beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers (دَابَّةُ البَرِيدِ) because he traverses the space called بَرِيد [defined below: but the reason before given for this appellation is more probable: it is like the Lat. “veredus”]: (T, Msb:) pl. بُرُدٌ (Z, Mgh, Msb) and بُرْدٌ, which is a contraction of the former, like as رُسْلٌ is of رُسُلٌ. (Z.) You say, حُمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى البَرِيِد [Such a one was borne on the postmule or post-horse]. (S.) Imra-el-Keys speaks of a بريد of the horses of Barbar. (S.) b2: Having been originally used in the sense first explained above, it was afterwards applied to A messenger borne on a post-mule [or post-horse]: (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh:) or messengers on beasts of the post: (M, K:) or a messenger that journeys with haste: (A:) or [simply] a messenger: (S, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (M, * Z.) Hence the saying, الحُمَّى بَرِيدُ المَوْتِ Fever is the messenger of death: (T, Msb:) because it gives warning thereof. (T.) Hence also البَرِيدُ applied to The animal called الفُرَانِقُ, (said to be the jackal, but some say otherwise, TA,) because he gives warning before [the approach of] the lion. (T, S, K.) and صَاحِبُ البَرِيِد [The master of the messengers that journey on post-mules or post-horses]. (S.) [and خَيْلٌ البَرِيِد, occurring in many histories &c., The post-horses, that carry messengers and others.] b3: Also, having been applied to a messenger on a post-mule [or post-horse], it then became applied to The space, or distance, traversed by the messenger thus called; (Mgh, Msb; *) the space, or distance, between each سِكَّة and the سِكَّة next to it; the سكّة being a structure of either of the kinds called بَيْت and قُبَّة, or a رِبَاط [explained above], in which the appointed messengers lodge; (Z in the Fáïk;) the space, or distance, between two stations, or places of alighting; or two parasangs, or leagues; (M, K;) [six miles;] each parasang, or league, being three miles, and each mile being four thousand cubits: (TA:) or twelve miles; (S, A, Msb, K;) i. e. four parasangs, or leagues: (Mgh, TA:) [for] the space, or distance, between each station termed سِكَّة and the next to it is either two parasangs or four: (Z in the Fáïk:) the distance of twelve miles is [also] termed سِكَّةُ البَرِيِد: (T:) the pl. is as above. (T, Z.) A journey of four بُرُد, or forty-eight miles, renders it allowable to shorten prayers; which miles are of the Háshimee measure, such as are measured on the road to Mekkeh. (T.) b4: Also The course, or pace, of a camel along the space thus called: so in the following verse of Muzarrid, in praise of 'Arábeh El-Owsee: فَدَتْكَ عَرَابَ اليَوْمَ أُمِّى وَ خَالَتِى

وَ نَاقَتِىَ النَّاجِى إِلَيْكَ بَرِيدُهَا [May my mother, and my maternal aunt, and my she-camel that is swift in her course to thee from one station to another, be ransoms for thee, O 'Arábeh, (the name being contracted,) this day!]. (S.) بُرَادَةٌ Filings; (M, Mgh, K;) what falls from iron [&c.] when filed. (S.) بُرُودَةٌ: see بَرْدٌ.

بَرَّادَةٌ A vessel which cools water: (M, K:) or a كَوَّازَة [app. meaning either a stand, or a shelf, upon which mugs (كِيزَان, pl. of كُوز,) are placed; erroneously in the K, كُوَّارَةٌ, and كُوَارَةٌ, as I find it in different copies;] upon which water is cooled: (Lth, T, K: *) but [Az says,] I know not whether it be a classical or a post-classical word. (T.) Hence the saying, بَاتَتْ كِيزَانُهُمْ عَلَى البَرَّادَةِ Their mugs passed the night upon the برّادة. (A, TA.) بَارِدٌ (S, M, Msb, K) Cold; chill; cool; (S, Msb;) applied to water [&c.]; (M, K;) as also ↓ بَرْدٌ, [originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ, used as an epithet,] (M, K,) and ↓ بَرُودٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بُرَادٌ; (M, K;) but the last two are intensive forms [signifying very cold or chill or cool]. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Anything loved, beloved, liked, or approved. (TA.) [Hence,] عَيْشٌ بَاردٌ (tropical:) An easy and a pleasant life, or state of life. (ISk, * T, * M, A, L, K.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ العَيْشِ, and العَيْشِ ↓ بَرْدَةُ, [the latter written in the TT بَرَدَةُ العيش,] (tropical:) A night of easy and pleasant life. (M, L.) And غَنيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ: see the latter word. b3: سَمُومٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A hot wind that is constant, continual, permanent, settled, or incessant. (S, L.) b4: لِى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A thousand [pieces of money &c.] are incumbent, or obligatory, on him, to me, and established against him; or are owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S, M. *) b5: جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بَارِدًا مُخُّهُ, and بَارِدَ العِظَامَ, (tropical:) Such a one came in a lean, or an emaciated, state: in the contr. case, one says, حَارَّا مُخُّهُ, and حَارَّ العِظَامِ. (A, TA.) b6: [بَارِدٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Blunt; applied to a sword and the like: see 1. b7: And, contr., (assumed tropical:) Sharp: for you say,] مُرْهَفَاتٌ بَوَارِدُ [pl. of بَارِدَةٌ, meaning] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, or cutting, swords: (TA:) or slaying swords. (S.) بَارِدَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Spoil acquired without fatigue; (IAar, T;) also termed غَنِيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ; and to this is likened, by the Prophet, fasting in winter. (T.) Also (assumed tropical:) Gain made by merchandise at the time of one's buying it. (IAar, T.) أَبْرَدُ [More, and most, cold, or chill, or cool]. b2: [Hence,] الأَبْرَدَانِ and ↓ البَرْدَانِ The morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; (T, S, M, K;) also called العَصْرَانِ (S, K) and الصَّرْعَانِ and الرِّدْفَانِ: (T:) or (as in the S, but in the M and K “and”) the morning-shade and evening-shade: (S, M, K:) so called because of their coldness, or coolness. (TA.) b3: See also بَرِدٌ. b4: ثَوْرٌ أَبْرَدُ A bull upon which are spots, or patches, of white and black: (S, M:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (M.) b5: and الأَبْرَدُ The leopard: fem. with ة: (T, K: [but in the TT, the fem. is written like the masc.:]) pl. الأَبَارِدُ. (T, K.) The female is also called الخَيْثَمَةُ. (T.) إِبْرَدَةُ, (S, M, &c.,) with kesr (S, Mgh, K) to the ء and the ر (Mgh, TA,) [in the CK اِبْرَدَة,] Cold in the belly, or inside; (M, K;) a well-known malady, arising from the prevalence of cold and humidity, and preventing one, by languor, from performing the act of coition: (S, Mgh:) and a dripping of the urine, which prevents a man's taking pleasure in women. (T, L.) b2: Also Coldness of the damp earth, and of rain. (M, L.) An Arab says, إِنَّهَا لَبَارِدَةٌ اليَوْمَ [Verily it (the morning, الغَدَاةُ, L) is cold to-day]; and another says to him, لَيْسَتْ بِبَارِدَةٍ إِنَّمَا هِىَ إِبْرِدَةُ الثَّرَى [It is not cold: it is only the coldness of the damp earth]. (S, L.) مُبْرَدٌ [pass. part. n. of 4]. You say, أَرْضٌ مُبْرَدَةٌ: see مَبْرُودٌ.

مُبْرِدٌ [act. part. n. of 4]. You say, جِئْنَاكَ مُبْرِدِينَ We came to thee when the heat had become allayed. (T.) A2: Also One sending, or who sends, a بَرِيد [or بُرُد, i. e., a messenger on a post-mule or posthorse, or messengers on post-mules or post-horses]. (S.) مِبْرَدٌ (S, K, &c.) A file; (M;) syn. سُوهَانٌ; (M, K;) which is a Persian word: (M:) pl. مَبَارِدُ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] جَعَلَ لِسَانِهِ عَلَيْهِ مُبْرِدًا (tropical:) [He made his tongue like a file upon him; i. e.] he annoyed him, or hurt him, with his tongue, and vituperated him. (A.) [See a saying of Moosà Ibn-Jábir voce جِنٌّ.]

مَبْرَدَةٌ [A cause of coldness or coolness]. You say, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ مَبْرَدَةٌ لِلْبَدَنِ [This thing is a cause of coldness, or coolness, to the body]: and As relates that he said to an Arab of the desert, “What induceth thee to take a sleep in the morning while the sun is yet low?” and he answered, إِنَّهَا مَبْرَدَةٌ فِى الصَّيْفِ مَسْخَنَةٌ فِى الشِّتَآءِ [Verily it is a cause of coolness in the summer, and a cause of warmth in the winter]. (S, A.) مُبَرَّدٌ: see what follows.

مَبْرُودٌ Made, or rendered, cold or chill or cool: (S, Msb, K:) [and ↓ مُبَرَّدٌ signifies the same in an intensive manner:] applied to water [&c.: or signifying mixed with snow: see بَرَدَهُ]. (K.) b2: شَجَرَةٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ A tree deprived of its leaves by the cold. (AHn, M.) b3: أَرْضٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ مُبْرَدَةٌ (K) Land, or ground, hailed upon: (M, K:) or snowed upon. (A, TA.) b4: See also بَرُودٌ.

عدن

1 عَدَنَ بِهِ, (Mgh, Msb, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and عَدُنَ, inf. n. عَدْنٌ and عُدُونٌ, (Msb, K,) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in it, (Mgh, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (Mgh, Msb,) or a country, or town. (K.) Whence, (Msb, K,) or from عَدَنَت said of camels as expl. in what follows, (S,) جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ, (S, Msb, K,) [applied to Paradise,] meaning Gardens of abode, (S, Msb,) or gardens of perpetual abode. (TA.) And عَدَنْتُ البَلَدَ means I took for myself the country, or town, as a home, or settled place of abode. (S.) b2: and عَدَنَتِ الإِبِلُ (S, Msb TA) بِمَكَانِ كَذَا, (S, TA,) aors. as above, (Msb, TA,) and so the inf. ns., (TA,) The camels kept to such a place, not quitting it: (S:) or remained, or stayed, (Msb, TA,) in such a place, in the pasturage, (TA,) or pasturing upon the [plants, or trees, called]

حَمْض: (Msb, TA:) or عَدَنْتِ الإِبِلُ فِى الحَمْضِ the camels found the حمض to be wholesome (اِسْتَمْرَتْهُ [for اِسْتَمْرَأَتْهُ]), and increased, or fattened, thereon, and kept thereto: (K, TA:) accord. to Az, the verb is used of camels only in relation to the حمض: or, as some say, it is in relation to anything: (TA:) and the epithet ↓ عَادِنٌ, (S, K,) without ة, (TA,) is applied to a she-camel of which this verb is used; (S, K;) and its pl. is عَوَادِنُ. (TA.) A2: عَدَنَ الأَرْضَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He dunged, or manured, the land; as also ↓ عَدَّنَهَا. (K.) b2: And عَدَنَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He marred the tree with an axe or the like. (K.) b3: عَدَنَ الحَجَرَ, (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He pulled out the stone (K, TA) with the فَأْس [meaning hoe]. (TA.) A3: See also Q. Q. 1.2 عدّن الأَرْضَ: see 1, near the end.

A2: Also, inf. n. تَعْدِينٌ, He smote the ground بِالْمِعْدَنِ, i. e. with the صَاقُور [or pickaxe], (K, TA,) to put it in a good state [app. for cultivation, by breaking it up]. (TA.) A3: عدّن الغَرْبَ He added a piece, called عَدِينَة, in one side of the hide of which the غرب [or large leathern bucket] was made, to render it of full dimensions, it being [too] small. (ISh, TA.) [And probably, He added to the غَرْب an عَدِينَة (q. v.) of any kind.]

A4: And عدّن said of a drinker, He became full. (K.) Q. Q. 1 عَيْدَنَتِ النَّخْلَةُ, (K accord. to the TA, and so in the TA in art. عود, as on the authority of Az,) or ↓ عَدَنَت, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) The palm-tree became such as is termed عَيْدَانَة (K, TA) i. e. tall [&c., n. un. of عَيْدَانٌ, mentioned in art. عود]. (TA.) عَدَنِىٌّ of, or belonging to, [the place called]

عَدَن [in El-Yemen]: b2: hence, عَدَنِيَّاتٌ meaning Highly-prized garments: and an epithet applied to رِيَاط [pl. of رَيْطَةٌ] worn by young women, or girls: b3: and hence likewise عَدَنِىٌّ is an epithet applied to a man as meaning Generous in natural dispositions: (TA:) [or this may be from what next follows:] b4: عَدَنِىٌّ signifies also One who weaves [the garments called] الثِّيَاب العَدَنِيَّة in Neysáboor [app. from سِكَّةُ عَدْنَى, which, as is said in the TA, is in Neysáboor]. (TA.) عَدَانٌ A place of عُدُون [i. e. of remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding, of men in a place, or of camels in the pasturage &c.: see 1]. (TA.) b2: Also The shore of the sea: (S, K:) but in the phrase بِعَدَانِ السِّيفِ in a verse of Lebeed, it is said that he meant عَدَن [of El-Yemen], adding the ا by poetic license; or some other place: (S:) Sh says that is there means a place on the shore of the sea: and AHeyth related it with kesr to the ع. (TA.) And (K, TA) accord. to IAar (TA) it signifies The side of a river. (K, TA.) A2: And A period of seven years: one says, مَكَثُوا عَدَانًا [They tarried during a period of seven years], (K, TA,) and عَدَانَيْنِ i. e. fourteen years. (TA.) عَدَانَةٌ A company (AA, K, TA) of men: (AA, TA:) pl. عَدَانَاتٌ: (AA, K, TA:) or this latter signifies parties, or distinct bodies, of men: (S, TA:) and accord. to IAar رِجَالٌ عَدَانَاتٌ meansmen remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding. (TA.) A2: See also what next follows.

عَدِينَةٌ A piece, or patch, in the bottom, or lower part, of a leathern bucket; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَدَانَةٌ: (K:) or at the extremities of the loops of the [leathern water-bag called] مَزَادَة: (AA, TA:) or any piece that is added in the [large leathern bucket called] غَرْب, like the بَنِيقَة in the shirt: (ISh, TA:) pl. عَدَائِنُ. (S, K.) عِدَّانٌ, signifying A time, [as also عَدَّانٌ,] is said by some to be of the measure فِعْلَالٌ [a mistranscription for فِعَّالٌ] from عَدَنَ; but Fr held it to be more probably of the measure فِعْلَانٌ from العَدّ and العِدَاد, in the place of which [i. e. in art. عد] it has been mentioned. (TA.) عَدَوْدَنِىٌّ Swift; (K, TA;) applied to a camel: (TA:) or strong, robust, or hardy; (K, TA;) so applied: (TA:) or whose origin is referred to a certain stallion, (K, TA,) named عَدَوْدَن; (TA;) or to a certain land, (K, TA,) so named. (TA.) عَادِنٌ [act. part. n. of 1:] as an epithet applied to a she-camel; pl. عَوَادِنُ: see 1, latter half.

عَيْدَانٌ (S, K) meaning Tall palm-trees (S) [or the tallest of palm-trees &c. (see art. عود)] has been mentioned in the portion appropriated to words of which the last radical letter is د, (S, K,) as being of the measure فَعْلَانٌ: (TA:) or they are so called because of their long remaining; the word being of the measure فَيْعَالٌ from عَدَنَ بِالمَكَانِ: (Ham p. 712:) [it is a coll. gen. n. :] n. un. with ة, (S, O, K, all in art. عود.) مَعْدِنٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and accord. to some مَعْدَنٌ also, but this is not of established authority, (TA,) A mine; i. e. a place of the origination of the جَوَاهِر [meaning native ores] of gold and the like: (K:) the place of the origination of anything, (Lth, Msb, K, TA,) as of gold, and of silver, and of other things: (Lth, TA:) or the gold, and silver, [and any other metal or mineral, such as is of value,] created by God in the earth: (Mgh:) so called because the people thereof remain there (S, Mgh, Msb, K) always, (K,) summer and winter; (S, Mgh, Msb;) or because the native ore created therein by God has remained fixed in it; (Msb; [and the like is said in the Mgh and K;]) or, as some say, from عَدَنْتُ الحَجَرَ meaning “ I pulled out the stone: ” (Ham p. 81:) the pl. is مَعَادِنُ. (TA.) It signifies also A place of fixedness of anything. (S, TA.) And مَعَادِنُ signifies also Origins, or sources. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] هَجَرٌ مَعْدِنُ التَّمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Hejer is famous as the place of production of dates]. (S in art. بضع.) And [hence] one says, هُوَ مَعْدِنٌ لِلْخَيْرِ وَالكَرَمِ (tropical:) [He is a natural source of goodness and generosity], meaning that he was created with a disposition thereto. (TA.) [And هُمْ كِرَامُ المَعَادِنِ (assumed tropical:) They are generous in respect of their origins: see a verse cited voce إِنْ, p. 107.]

مِعْدَنٌ A صَاقُور [or pickaxe], (K, TA,) resembling a فَأْس. (TA.) غَرْبٌ مُعَدَّنٌ [A large leathern bucket] having a piece, or patch, called عَدِينَة, sewed upon its bottom, or lower part, (S, K,) in consequence of its having been rent in that part. (S. [See also 2.]) And خُفٌّ مُعَدَّنٌ A boot having a piece added at the end of the shank, so as to widen it. (TA.) مُعَدِّنٌ One who extracts the masses of stone from a mine, seeking to find in them gold and the like, (K, TA,) after having then broken them in pieces. (TA.) مَعْدِنِىٌّ, also pronounced مَعْدَنِىٌّ, Of, or belonging to, a mine; mineral; and metallic. b2: And A mineral; and a metal: pl. مَعْدَنِيَّاتٌ.]

دخن

1 دَخَنَتِ النَّارُ, aor. ـَ and دَخُنَ, (S, K,) inf. n. دَخْنٌ and دُخُونٌ, (K,) The دُخَان of the fire rose; [i. e. the fire smoked, or sent up smoke;] as also ↓ اِدَّخَنَت, (S, K,) of the measure اِفْتَعَلَت; (S;) and ↓ أَدْخَنَت, and ↓ دَخَّنَت; (K;) the last with teshdeed, mentioned by Z. (TA.) b2: And دَخَنَ الدُّخَانُ, (JK,) and الغُبَارُ (K) and النَّقْعُ, (TA,) inf. n. دُخُونٌ, (K) The smoke, (JK,) and (tropical:) the dust, (K, TA,) rose; or spread, or diffused itself. (JK, K, TA.) b3: And دَخِنَتِ النَّارُ, (JK, S, Msb, K,) with kesr to the خ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (JK, Msb, K,) inf. n. دَخَنٌ, (Msb,) The smoke (دُخَان) of the fire (JK, S, Msb, K) became vehement, (JK,) or became excited, or raised, (S, Msb, K,) in consequence of its having firewood, (JK, S, Msb, K,) in a fresh, or green, state, (JK,) thrown upon it, (JK, S, Msb, K,) and being thus marred. (S, Msb, K.) b4: دَخِنَ, aor. ـَ said of food, (JK, K,) and of flesh-meat, (TA,) inf. n. دَخَنٌ, (JK,) means It was, or became, infected with smoke (دُخَان), (K, TA,) while being roasted or cooked, (TA,) and acquired its odour, (K, TA,) so that this predominated over its flavour: (TA:) [in this sense] it is said of cooked food when the cooking-pot is infected with smoke (↓ إِذَا تَدَخَّنَتِ القِدْرُ). (S, TA.) b5: [Hence, as is indicated in the TA, it is said of wine, or beverage, as meaning (assumed tropical:) It became altered for the worse in odour. (See دَخِنٌ.) b6: Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, of a dusky, or dingy, colour, inclining to black, (K, TA,) like the colour of iron: (TA:) you say دَخِنَ النَّبْتُ, and دَخِنَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, (tropical:) The plant, and the beast, became of that colour; (K, TA;) as though overspread with smoke (دُخَان); (TA;) as also دَخُنَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. دُخْنَةٌ. (K.) b7: [Hence also,] دَخِنَ خُلُقُهُ (tropical:) His nature, or disposition, was, or became, bad, corrupt, or wicked. (K, TA. [See also دَخَنٌ, below.]) 2 دَخَّنَ see 1, first sentence.

A2: دخّنهُ [He smoked it, or made it smoky]; namely, flesh-meat. (S in art. شيط.) And دخّنهُ بِالدُّخْنَةِ [He fumigated it, or him, with what is termed دُخْنَة, q. v.]; namely, a house, or tent, or chamber, (JK, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and a garment, (M,) and another man. (TA.) And دَخَّنُوا عَلَى قَوْمٍ فِى غَارٍ

فَقَتَلُوهُمْ [They smoked a party of men in a cave and so killed them]. (TA.) 4 أَدْخَنَ see 1, first sentence. b2: أَدْخَنَ الزَّرْعُ; (JK, CK, and so in my MS. copy of the K;) or ↓ اِدَّخَنَ, (so in the K accord. to the TA,) of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) The seed-produce became hard in the grain, (JK, K, TA,) and full therein; (JK;) being overspread with a slight duskiness, or dinginess. (TA.) 5 تدخّن i. q. تَبَخَّرَ [He fumigated himself]: (TA in art. بخر:) from الدُّخْنَةُ. (Mgh.) Yousay, of a man, تدخّن بِالدُّخْنَةِ [He fumigated himself with what is termed دُخْنَة q. v.]; as also ↓ اِدَّخَنَ, of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ. (TA.) b2: See also 1.8 إِدْتَخَنَ see 1: b2: and 5: b3: and 4.

دُخْنٌ A well-known kind of grain; (Msb;) i. q. جَاوَرْسٌ; (S;) [i. e.] the grain of the جاورس: (JK, M, K:) or a certain grain smaller than that, very smooth, cold, dry, and constipating: (M, K:) [a species of millet; the holcus saccharatus of Linn.; holcus dochna of Forskål; sorghum saccharatum of Delile: and the holcus spicatus of Linn.: and the panicum miliaceum of Linn.: (Delile's “ Flor. Aegypt. Illustr.,”

no. 164: no. 57: and no. 79:)] n. un. with ة; signifying a single grain thereof. (Msb.) دَخَنٌ inf. n. of دَخِنَ [q. v.]. (JK, Msb.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) The appearance, or appearing, of conflict and faction, sedition, discord, or the like. (TA.) b3: Hence also, i. e. from دَخَنُ النَّارِ and الطَّبِيخِ, (TA,) (tropical:) A state of alteration for the worse, of intellect, and of religion, and of the grounds of pretension to respect or honour. (K, TA.) b4: Also i. q. دُخَانٌ. (S, K.) See this word in two places. b5: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A duskiness, or dinginess, inclining to blackness; (S TA;) as also ↓ دُخْنَةٌ; (JK, S, K;) [like the colour of smoke, (see 1, last signification but one,) or] like the colour of iron: (TA:) it is in a sheep, (S,) or a horse and similar beasts, or in a garment, (TA,) and in a sword: (S, A, TA:) in this last it means (tropical:) a blackness that appears in the broad side, by reason of its great brightness: (A, TA:) or the diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, (syn. فِرِنْد,) of a sword. (K.) b6: Also (tropical:) Rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (JK, K, TA.) b7: And (tropical:) Badness, corruptness, or wickedness, of nature or disposition. (K, TA.) دَخِنٌ [applied to food, and to flesh-meat, Infected with smoke: see دَخِنَ. b2: And hence,] applied to wine, or beverage, (assumed tropical:) Altered for the worse in odour. (TA.) b3: And رَجُلٌ دَخِنُ الخُلُقِ (Sh, JK, S) (tropical:) A man bad, corrupt, or wicked, in respect of nature, or disposition. (Sh, JK, TA.) [See also دَاخِنٌ.]

دُخْنَةٌ i. q. ذَرِيَرةٌ [which generally means Particles of calamus aromaticus], (K,) or the like thereof, (S,) [i. e.] incense, or a substance for fumigation, (بَخُورٌ, JK, Mgh, Msb,) [of any kind, and particularly] like ذريزة, (Mgh, Msb,) with which houses, or tents, or chambers, (S Mgh, Msb, K,) or a house, or tent, or chamber, (JK, M,) and clothes, (M,) are fumigated. (JK, S M, Mgh, Msb, K.) A2: See also دَخَنٌ. b2: [Hence, app.,] أَبُو دُخْنَةِ or ابو دُخْنَةَ A certain bird, (IB, K, TA,) the colour of which is like that of the قُبَّرَةٌ [or lark]: so says IB: or, as in some MSS., like the colour termed الغُبْرَة [i. e. dust-colour]. (TA.) دُخْنَآءٌ A species of عُصْفُور [or sparrow]; as also ↓ دُخْنَانٌ. (K, * TA.) يَوْمٌ دَخْنَانٌ (tropical:) A hot, or an intensely hot, day: (JK, K, TA:) and لَيْلَةٌ دَخْنَانَةٌ (tropical:) a night intensely hot, (JK, TA,) in which the heat is such as takes away the breath; (TA;) as though it were overspread by smoke: (JK, TA:) or a dusky, or dingy, night, inclining to blackness. (S.) دُخْنَانٌ: see دُخْنَآءٌ.

دُخَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ دُخَّانٌ, (K,) which latter is the form [now] commonly used, (TA,) and ↓ دَخَنٌ, (S, K,) i. q. عُثَانٌ [a less usual term, meaning Smoke]: (K: [in the S it is said merely that the دُخَان of fire is well known:]) pl. (of the first, S, Msb) دَوَاخِنُ, (S, Msb, K,) like as عَوَاثِنُ is pl. of عُثَانٌ, (S, Msb,) the only other instance of the kind, (Msb,) deviating from rule, (S,) and دَوَاخِينُ, [also irreg., and both pls. of mult.,] and أَدْخِنَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.]. (K.) [Hence, the tribes of] Ghanee and Báhileh (غَنِىّ and بَاهِلَة) were called اِبْنَا دُخَانٍ [The two sons of smoke] (S, K, TA) because they smoked a party of men (دَخَّنُوا عَلَى قَوْمٍ) in a cave and so killed them. (TA.) Hence also, (S,) ↓ هُدْنَةٌ عَلَى دَخَنٍ (tropical:) A calm [or truce] for a cause other than recon-ciliation: (S, K, TA: [in the CK, لَغَلَبَةٍ is erroneously put for لِعِلَّةٍ:]) or (assumed tropical:) [as a cloak] upon [i. e. concealing] inward corruptness; from دَخِنَتِ النَّارُ explained above; [see 1;] (Msb;) [for] IAth says that it likens inward corruptness beneath outward rectitude to the smoke [or smoking] of fresh, or moist, firewood: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) upon latent rancour or malevolence: (S and TA in art. هدن:) but A'Obeyd, in explaining a trad. in which it occurs, takes it from دَخَنٌ as signifying “ a duskiness, or dinginess, inclining to blackness,” in the colour of a beast or of a garment; for he says that it means [a case in which] the mutual love of two parties will not become pure, like the duskiness, or dinginess, that is in the colour of a beast. (TA.) b2: دُخَانٌ is also used by the Arabs for (assumed tropical:) Evil, or mischief, when it arises; as in the saying, كَانَ بَيْنَنَا أَمْرٌ ارْتَفَعَ لَهُ دُخَانٌ [There was between us an affair that had evil, or mischief, arising in consequence of it]. (TA.) b3: It also means (assumed tropical:) Dearth, drought, sterility, or unfruitfulness; and hunger: and so it has been said to mean in the Kur xliv. 9: for it is said that the hungry [once] saw smoke (دُخَان) between him and the sky: or hunger is thus called because of the dryness of the earth in drought, and the rising of the dust, which is likened to دُخَان [properly so termed]. (TA.) b4: [In the present day, it is also applied, but generally pronounced ↓ دُخَّان, to Tobacco; nicotiana tabacum of Linn.]

دُخَّانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first and last sentences.

دَاخِنٌ Firewood producing دُخَان [or smoke]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] خُلُقٌ دَاخِنٌ (assumed tropical:) A bad, corrupt, or wicked, nature or disposition. (TA.) [See also دَخِنٌ.]

دَاخِنَةٌ [A chimney;] a hole, or perforation, [or hollow channel,] in which are pipes of baked clay (إِرْدَبَّات) [for the passage of smoke]: (JK:) its pl. is دَوَاخِنُ, (TA,) signifying holes, or apertures, [or hollow channels, for the passage of smoke,] made over frying-pans and the fire-places of baths &c.; (K, TA;) called by the vulgar مَدَاخِنُ [pl. of ↓ مَدْخَنَةٌ]. (TA.) أَدْخَنُ, applied to a ram [&c.], (JK, S,) Of a dusky, or dingy, colour, inclining to blackness: (JK, S, K:) fem. دَخْنَآءُ. (S, K.) مَدْخَنٌ A place of smoke.]

مَدْخَنَةٌ: see دَاخِنَةٌ.

مِدْخَنَةٌ A vessel for fumigation; i. q. مِجْمَرَةٌ: (K:) or differing from the مِجْمَرَة, [app. in being made only of baked clay,] and not disapproved; whereas the مجمرة is disapproved, because generally of silver: (Mgh in art جمر:) pl. مَدَاخِنُ. (TA.)

روق

1 رَاقَ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. رَوْقٌ, (S,) It (wine, or beverage, S, or water, Msb, TA, and a thing, TA) was, or became, clear. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: راق عَلَيْهِ, (JK, K,) aor. as above, (JK,) and so the inf. n., (K,) He, or it, exceeded him, or it: (JK:) [and] he, or it, exceeded him, or it, in excellence. (K.) You say, راق فِى يَدِى كَذَا Such a thing was redundant, or remained over and above, in my hand; like رَاعَ; syn. زَادَ. (L in art. ريع.) and راق فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ Such a one was, or became, above, or superior to, his family; surpassed, or excelled, his family. (JK.) A3: رَاقَنِى, (JK, S, MA,) or راق لِى, (so in my copy of the Msb, [perhaps a mistranscription, for only the former is commonly known,]) and راقَهُ, (K,) aor. as above, (JK, S,) and so the inf. n., (JK, K,) It (a thing) induced in me, and him, wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; excited my, and his, admiration and approval; pleased, or rejoiced, me, and him. (JK, S, MA, Msb, K.) A4: رَوِقَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. رَوَقٌ, He was, or became, long-toothed: (MA:) [or he had long teeth, the upper of which projected over the lower: or his upper central incisors were longer than the lower, and projecting over them: see رَوَقٌ, below.]2 روّق, (JK, S, Msb,) inf.n. تَرْوِيقٌ, (S, K,) He cleared, or clarified, (S, Msb, K,) wine, or beverage, (S,) or water; (Msb;) he cleared, or clarified, wine, or beverage, with the رَاوُوق. (JK, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He (a drunken man) made water in his clothes. (AHn, K, TA.) A2: روّق البَيْتَ, (JK, TA,) inf. n. as above, (JK,) He made, or put, to the tent, a رِوَاق, (JK, TA,) meaning a curtain extended below the roof. (TA. [See رِوَاقٌ.]) b2: Hence, (Har p. 50,) روّق اللَّيْلُ (assumed tropical:) The night extended the رِوَاق [or curtain] of its darkness; (S, Msb, Har ubi suprà, TA;) became dark; (Har, TA;) as also ↓ أَرْوَقَ. (TA.) A3: تَرْوِيقٌ also signifies The selling a commodity and buying one better than it, (IAar, K, TA,) or longer than it, and better: (TA:) or the selling an old and wornout thing and buying a new one: (Th, TA:) or the selling one's garment, and adding something to it, and buying [with that garment and the thing added to it] another garment better than it: (JK:) [or the buying, with a thing and something added thereto, a better thing: for] one says, بَاعَ سِلْعَتَهُ فَرَوَّقَ [He sold his commodity, and bought with it and something added thereto a better commodity]. (TA.) b2: One says also, رَوَّقَ لِفُلَانٍ فِى سِلْعَتِهِ He named a high price to such a one for his commodity, not desiring it [himself, but app. desiring to induce another to give a high price for it]. (JK, K: expl. in the former by رَفَعَ لَهُ فِى سَوْمِهَا وَ لَا يُرِيدُهَا; and in the latter by رَفَعَ لَهُ فِى ثَمَنِهَا وَ هُوَ لَا يُرِيدُهَا.) 4 أَرْوَقَ: see 2.

A2: اراقهُ, (Msb in art. ريق, and K in that and the present art.,) inf. n. إِرَاقَةٌ, (S in the present art., and so in the K accord. to the TA,) He poured it out, or forth; (S, Msb, K;) namely, water and the like, (S,) or water and blood: (Msb:) and one says also هَرَاقَهُ, (Msb, TA,) changing the أ into ه, originally هَرْيَقَهُ, like دَحْرَجَهُ, in measure, (Msb,) said by Lh to be of the dial. of El-Yemen, and afterwards to have spread among Mudar, (TA in art. ريق,) aor. ـَ (Msb, TA,) with fet-h to the ه, imperative هَرِقْ, originally هَرْيِقْ, like دَحْرِجْ, (Msb,) inf. n. هِرَاقَةٌ; (S and K in art. هرق;) and أَهْرَاقَهُ, aor. ـْ (Msb, TA,) with the ه quiescent, like يُسْطِيعُ aor. of إِسْطَاعَ; or, accord. to the T, أَهْرَقْتُ is wrong as being anomalous; and some say, هَرَقْتُهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. هَرْقٌ, as though the ه were radical. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ امْرَأَةً

كَانَتْ تُهَرَاقُ الدِّمَآءَ or تُهْرَاقُ, the verb being in the pass. form, and the ه either meftoohah or quiescent, and الدماء being in the accus. case as a specificative; [so that the meaning is, Verily a woman used to pour forth with blood; for تهراق is equivalent to تَرِيقُ; but by rule the specificative should be without the article ال;] or الدماء may be in the nom. case, الدِّمَآءُ being for دِمَاؤُهَا [i. e. her blood used to pour forth]. (Msb.) ISd says that أَرَاقَ is judged to be originally أَرْوَقَ because the medial radical letter of a verb is more commonly و than ى; and because, when water is poured forth, its clearness appears, and it excites the admiration and approval of its beholder; [to which may be added, also because one says, هُما يَتَرَاوَقَانِ المَآءَ;] though Ks states that رَاقَ المَآءُ, aor. ـِ signifies The water poured out, or forth: IB says that أَرَقْتُ المَآءَ is from راق المَآءُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَيْقٌ, signifying the water went to and fro upon the surface of the earth. (TA.) One says also, of a man, اراق مَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ and هَرَاقَهُ and أَهْرَاقَهُ [meaning He poured forth his seminal fluid]. (TA.) b2: and أَرِقْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ and هَرِقْ meaning (assumed tropical:) Stay thou until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool; syn. أَبْرِدْ. (IAar, TA in art. فيح.) b3: [See more in art. هرق.]5 تروّق It (wine, or beverage, [&c.,]) became clear [or rather cleared] without pressing, or expressing. (TA.) 6 هُمَا يَتَرَاوَقَانِ المَآءَ They two pour the water out, or forth, by turns. (TA.) رَوْقٌ [an inf. n. of رَاقَ, used as an epithet,] Clear; applied to water &c. (IAar, K. [See also رَائِقٌ.] b2: [Hence, app., as a subst.,] Pure, or sincere, love. (K.) A2: [Also, as an epithet originally an inf. n.,] Inducing wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; exciting admiration and approval; pleasing, or rejoicing; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ رَائِقٌ (JK) and ↓ رَيِّقٌ. (IAar, TA.) And, applied to a horse, Beautiful in make, that induces wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy, in his beholder; excites his admiration and approval; or pleases, or rejoices, him; as also ↓ رَيِّقٌ. (K.) A3: A horn (JK, S, K, TA) of any horned animal: (TA:) pl. أَرْوَاقٌ. (S, TA.) [Hence,] رَوْقُ الفَرَسِ (assumed tropical:) The spear which the horseman extends between the horse's ears: (K:) [for] spears are regarded as the horses' horns. (Ham p. 90.) And دَاهِيَةٌ ذَاتُ رَوْقَيْنِ (tropical:) A great calamity or misfortune; (K, TA;) lit. twohorned. (TA.) And حَرْبٌ ذَاتُ رَوْقَيْنِ (tropical:) A vehement war. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) [A] courageous [man], with whom one cannot cope. (K.) b3: (tropical:) A chief (IAar, JK, K) of men. (JK.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A company, or collective body, (As, O, K,) of people: so in the saying, جَآءَنَا رَوْقٌ مِنْ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [A company of the sons of such a one came to us: or, app., a numerous and strong company; for it is added that this is] like the saying رَأْسُ جَمَاعَةِ القَوْمِ [which means “ the numerous and strong company of the collective body of the people ”]. (As, O.) b5: Also syn. with رِوَاقٌ in several senses, as pointed out below: see the latter word in six places. b6: Also (assumed tropical:) The foremost part or portion of rain, and of an army, and of a number of horses or horsemen. (TA.) And (tropical:) The first part of youth; as also ↓ رَيِّقٌ, (S, O, K,) originally رَيْوِقٌ, (O, K,) and ↓ رَيْقٌ, (S, O, K,) which is a contraction of رَيِّقٌ: (O:) you say, فَعَلَهُ فِى رَوْقِ شَبَابِهِ and شبابه ↓ رَيِّقِ and شبابه ↓ رَيْقِ (tropical:) He did it in the first part of his youth: (S, TA: *) and مَضَى

مِنَ الشَّبَابِ رَوْقُهُ (tropical:) The first part of youth passed. (TA.) b7: Also (assumed tropical:) The youth [itself] of a man. (TA.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) Life; i. e. the period of. life: whence the saying, أَكَلَ رَوْقَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He consumed his life; or] he became aged: (K:) or this saying means (assumed tropical:) his life became prolonged so that, or until, his teeth fell out, one after another. (S, O.) b9: (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of the night: (S, K:) pl., accord. to IB, أَرْوُقٌ: but accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, this is pl. of رِوَاقٌ: (TA:) [or the pl. of رَوْقٌ in this sense is أَرْوَاقٌ.] Yousay, مَضَى رَوْقٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of the night passed. (TA.) And أَرْوَاقُ اللَّيْلِ means (tropical:) The folds (أَثْنَآء) of the darkness of night. (K, TA.) And أَرْوَاقُ العَيْنِ (tropical:) The sides of the eye: so in the saying, أَسْبَلَتْ أَرْوَاقُ العَيْنِ (tropical:) The sides of the eye shed tears. (O, K, * TA.) b10: Also (assumed tropical:) The body: (K, TA:) and [in like manner the pl.] أَرْوَاقٌ signifies the (assumed tropical:) extremities and body, of a man: (TA:) and his self; (JK, * TA;) as also the singular. (JK, TA.) You say, رَمَوْنَا بِأَرْوَاقِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They threw themselves upon us. (TA.) and أَلْقَى عَلَيْنَا أَرْوَاقَهُ (assumed tropical:) He covered us with himself [by throwing himself upon us]. (TA.) And رَمَاهُ بِأَرْوَاقِهِ (assumed tropical:) He threw his weight upon him. (TA.) And رَمَى بِأَرْوَاقِهِ عَنِ الدَّابَّةِ (assumed tropical:) He mounted the beast: and رَمَى بِأَرْوَاقِهِ عَنِ الدَّابَّةِ (assumed tropical:) He alighted from the beast. (O, K.) And أَلْقَى أَرْوَاقَهُ (assumed tropical:) He remained at rest in a place; (S, O, K;) like as one says, أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ: (S, O:) a meaning said in the K to be app. the contr. of what here next follows: but this requires consideration. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) He ran vehemently: (A 'Obeyd, S, O, K:) not known, however, to Sh, in this sense; but known to him as meaning (assumed tropical:) he strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself, in a thing. (TA.) [Agreeably with this last explanation, it is said that] رَوْقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A man's determination, or resolution; his action; and his purpose, or intention. (K, TA.) And hence the saying, أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ أَرْوَاقَهُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He devoted his mind and energy to it, or him]: (TA:) [or] you say thus, and أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ شَرَاشِرَهُ, meaning his loving it, or him, (أَنْ يُحِبَّهُ,) vehemently [i. e. (assumed tropical:) he loved it, or him, vehemently; agreeably with explanations of the saying القى عليه شراشره in art. شر, q. v.]. (Thus in the JM. [In my two copies of the S, and in the O and K, and hence in the TA, in the places of عَلَيْهِ and يُحِبَّهُ we find عَلَيْكَ and تُحِبَّهُ; evidently mistranscriptions which have been copied by one lexicographer after another without due consideration: or, if we read عَلَيْكَ, we should read يُحِبَّكَ; for in this case the meaning of the saying would certainly be he loved thee vehemently. Freytag, misled by the reading تُحِبَّهُ in the S and K, renders القى عليك ارواقه as meaning Magno amore erga ipsum te accendit. Golius gives, in its place, ضرب اوراقه عليه (for ارواقه), as meaning Valde amavit eum.]) b11: Yousay also, أَلْقَتِ السَّحَابَةُ أَرْوَاقَهَا, (JK, S, O, K,) or القت السحابة عَلَى الأَرْضِ ارواقها, (TA,) (tropical:) The cloud cast down its rain, and its vehement rain consisting of large drops, (S, O, K, TA,) upon the earth: (TA:) or persevered with rain, and remained stationary upon the land: (JK, TA:) or أَلْقَتِ السَّمَآءُ بِأَرْوَاقِهَا The sky cast down all the water that was in it: (IAmb, O, TA:) or this saying, (O, TA,) or the former, (K,) means cast down its clear waters; (O, K, TA;) from رَاقَ المَآءُ signifying “ the water was, or became, clear: ”

but IAmb deems this improbable, because the Arabs did not say مَآءٌ رَوْقٌ and مَاآنِ رَوْقَانِ and أَمْوَاهٌ أَرْوَاقٌ: (O, TA:) [i. e. they said رَوْقٌ only, in all cases when they used it as an epithet meaning “ clear,” because it is originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ &c.:] or, as some say, by بارواقها is meant its waters rendered heavy by the clouds: and one says, أَرْخَتِ السَّمَآءُ أَرْوَاقَهَا and عَزَالِيهَا (assumed tropical:) [The sky loosed, or let down, its spouts; the clouds being likened to leathern water-bags]: (TA:) [for]

رَوْقُ السَّحَابِ means (assumed tropical:) The مَسِيل [or channel by which flows the water] of the clouds. (TA in another part of the art. [See also رِوَاقٌ, as used in relation to clouds.]) A4: رَوْقٌ also signifies A substitute for a thing, (O, K,) accord. to [the JK and] Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) A5: And الرَّوْقُ meansThe breathing of [i. e. in] the agony of death (نَفْسُ النَّزْعِ). (O, K, TA. [In the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, نَفْسُ النَّزْعِ, which means the agony of death itself.]) رُوقٌ is said to be pl. of رُوقَةٌ, and of رَائِقٌ, and of أَرْوَقُ. (TA.) [See these three words.]

رَوَقٌ Length of the teeth, with a projecting of the upper over the lower: (JK:) or length of the upper incisors exceeding that of the lower, (S, O, K, TA,) with projection of the former over the latter. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence.]

رَيْقٌ: see رَوْقٌ, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph: b2: and see also رِيِّقٌ.

رَوْقَةٌ i. q. جَمَالٌ رَائِقٌ [i. e. Beauty, comeliness, or elegance, &c., that induces wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; or surpassing beauty, &c.]. (K.) رُوقَةٌ Choice, or excellent: (Fr, O:) or goodly, or beautiful: (K:) applied to a boy and to a girl, (Fr, O, K,) and to a he-camel and to a she-camel: (Fr, O:) and very beautiful or comely or elegant; (K;) applied to one and more of human beings: (TA:) used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. (O, TA) and dual: (TA:) [and also said to be pl. of رَائِقٌ, q. v.:] and it has a pl., [or coll. gen. n.,] namely, رُوْقٌ; (IDrd, O, TA;) applied to she-camels; (IDrd, O;) or sometimes applied to horses and camels, absolutely accord. to IAar, or particularly when on a journey. (TA.) A2: Also A little, or paltry, thing: (JK, IDrd, O, K:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (IDrd, O.) You say, مَا أَعْطَاهُ إِلَّا رُوقَةً He gave him not save a little, or paltry, thing. (IDrd, O.) رَوَاقٌ: see what next follows.

رُوَاقٌ: see what next follows.

رِوَاقٌ (Lth, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ رُوَاقٌ (MA, K) and ↓ رَوَاقٌ (MA) A بَيْت [or tent] like the فُسْطَاط [q. v.], (Lth, JK, O, Msb, K,) supported upon one pole in the middle thereof; (Lth, O, Msb;) as also ↓ رَوْقٌ; (K, * TA; expl. in the former as signifying a فُسْطَاط; and its pl. أَرْوَاقٌ is expl. in the S as signifying فَسَاطِيطُ;) accord. to Lth: (TA:) or a roof in the front, or fore part, of a بَيْت [or tent]; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ رَوْقٌ: (S:) or a curtain that is extended below the roof; as also ↓ رَوْقٌ; which latter is expl. in the K as signifying simply a curtain: (TA:) or the رِوَاق of a بَيْت [or tent] is the curtain of the front, or fore part, thereof, extending from the top thereof to the ground: (Az, TA:) a [piece of cloth such as is called] كِسَآء let down upon the front, or fore part, of a بَيْت, from the top thereof to the ground: (Mgh:) ↓ رَوْقٌ signifies the same as رِوَاقٌ: (K:) and each signifies the شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] that is beneath the upper, or uppermost, شُقَّة of a بَيْت [or tent]: (Az, O, K:) or sometimes the رواق is one such piece of cloth, and sometimes of two such pieces, and sometimes of three: (TA:) and, (Msb,) or as some say, (Mgh, TA,) رِوَاقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the front, or fore part, of a بَيْت [or tent]; (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ رَوْقٌ; (JK, Z, K;) its hinder part being called its كِفَآء, and its two sides being called its خَالِفَتَانِ; (TA;) whence the saying, بَيْتِهِ ↓ قَعَدُوا فِى رَوْقِ and رِوَاقِ بَيْتِهِ, i. e. (tropical:) [They sat in] the front or fore part [of his tent]: (Z, TA:) and ↓ رَوْقٌ also signifies a tent; as in the saying, ضَرَبَ رَوْقَهُ [He pitched his tent]: (S:) and [hence] the place of the huntsman [in which he conceals himself to lie in wait]; (K;) as being likened to the رواق: (TA:) and رواق signifies also a place that affords shelter in rain: (MA:) [and a portico; and particularly such as surrounds the court of a mosque; (see سُدَّةٌ;) in some of the large collegiate mosques, as, for instance, in the mosque El-Azhar, in Cairo, divided into a number of distinct apartments for students of different provinces or countries, each of which apartments by itself is termed a رِوَاق:] the pl. of رواق is أَرْوِقَةٌ and رُوقٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) the former a pl. of pauc. and the latter of mult. (S, O.) b2: [Hence, الرِّوَاقُ مِنَ السَّحَابِ, expl. in the TA as meaning ما دار مِنْهُ كَرِوَاقِ البَيْتِ: but دار is here evidently a mistranscription for كَانَ; and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) The part, of the clouds, that resembles the رواق of the tent. See also رَوْقُ السَّحَابِ, near the end of the paragraph commencing with رَوْقٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] رِوَاقُ اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) [The curtain of night: and] the first part of night; and the greater, or main, part thereof. (ISd, K. [It is implied in the latter that one says also in this instance and in the next رُوَاق.]) Yousay, of night, مَدَّ رِوَاقَ ظُلْمَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) [It extended the curtain of its darkness]: (S, Msb:) and أَلْقَى

أَرْوِقَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) [It let fall its curtains]. (S.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce مُرِمٌّ, in art. رم.] b4: And رِوَاقُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) The eyebrow. (JK, K.) A2: رِوَاقُ [imperfectly decl. as being a proper name and of the fem. gender, though it is implied in the K that it is الرِّوَاقُ and الرُّوَاقُ,] is a name for The ewe, (O, K,) by which she is called to be milked, by the cry رِوَاق رِوَاق; (O;) but not unless she be ↓ رَوْقَآء [app., if not a mistranscription for وَرْقَآء, formed from this latter by transposition, and thus meaning dusky: see أَرْوَقُ]. (O, K.) رَائِقٌ Cleared, or clarified, [or rather ↓ مُرَوَّقٌ has this meaning, and رَائِقٌ signifies clear,] wine, or beverage. (TA.) And Pure musk. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. ريق: and see رَوْقٌ.]

A2: [Also Exceeding, surpassing, or superlative: see 1, second and next two following sentences.] b2: See also رَوْقٌ, third sentence. [Hence,] Goodly, or beautiful: (S, K, TA:) from رَاقَنِى

signifying as expl. in the first paragraph of this art.; (S;) or from رَاقَ signifying “ it was, or became, clear: ” (TA:) pl. رُوقَةٌ, (S, K,) like as فُرْهَةٌ and صُحْبَةٌ are pls. of فَارِهٌ and صَاحِبٌ, (S,) [or rather quasi-pl.,] applied to boys, (S, K,) and to girls; (S;) [and also (as expl. above) an epithet used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. and dual;] and رُوقٌ is another pl. of رَائِقٌ, like as بُزْلٌ is of بَازِلٌ. (S.) رُوقَةُ المُؤْمِنِينَ, in which روقة is [quasi-] pl. of رائق, means the best, and the manly and noble or generous, of the believers. (TA.) رَيِّقٌ: see رَوْقٌ, in four places, in the former half of the paragraph. b2: Also The most excellent of anything; (JK, S;) as, for instance, of wine, or beverage, and of rain. (JK.) b3: And it is said to signify also, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or so ↓ رَيْقٌ, (accord. to the copies of the K,) A scanty fall of rain: thus bearing two contr. meanings. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) رَاوُوقٌ A clarifier, or strainer, (S, Msb, K,) syn. مِصْفَاةٌ, (S, K,) for wine or beverage: (S:) the نَاجُود [q. v.] with which wine, or beverage, is cleared, (Lth, JK, K, TA,) without pressing, or expressing: (TA:) and (sometimes, S) the [kind of wine-vessel called] بَاطِيَة. (S, K.) Accord. to IAar, (O, TA,) who is said by Sh to differ herein from all others, (TA,) الرَّاوُوقُ signifies also The كَأْس [or drinking-cup, or cup of wine,] itself. (O, K, TA.) And Dukeyn uses it metaphorically in relation to youth; saying, أَسْقَى بِرَاوُوقِ الشَّبَابِ الخَاضِبِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) He gave to drink of the cup of ruddy youth: see خَاضِبٌ as an epithet applied to an ostrich]. (TA.) أَرْوَقُ [app. originally signifying Horned: b2: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) A horse between whose ears the rider extends his spear: when the rider does not thus, he [the horse] is said to be أَجَمُّ. (K.) b3: Also, applied to a man, (S, Mgh, K,) Having long teeth, with a projecting of the upper over the lower: (JK:) or having long incisors: (Mgh:) or whose upper incisors are longer than the lower, (S, K, TA,) and project over the latter: (TA:) fem. رَوْقَآءُ: (JK, TA:) and pl. رُوقٌ; (K, TA;) which is also said to be pl. of رُوقَةٌ, and of رَائِقٌ. (TA.) [In the K is added, after the mention of the pl., وَ كَذٰلِكَ قَوْمٌ رُوقٌ وَ رَجُلٌ أَرْوَقُ: an addition altogether redundant.]

A2: [It seems that it is also syn. with أَوْرَقُ, as being formed from the latter by transposition; and that hence] one says سَنَةٌ رَوْقَآءُ and سِنُونَ رُوقٌ [meaning (assumed tropical:) A rainless year and rainless years], and عَاثَ فِيهِمْ عَامٌ أَرْوَقُ كَأَنَّهُ ذِئْبٌ أَوْرَقُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) A rainless year made mischief, or havock, among them, as though it were a dusky wolf]. (TA.) See also رِوَاق, last sentence.

إِرَاقَةٌ inf. n. of 4. (S.) b2: And [hence,] The مَآء [meaning seminal fluid] of a man; as also هِرَاقَةٌ and إِهْرَاقَةٌ. (TA.) [See أَرَاقَ مَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ.]

مَرَاقٌ: see art. ريق.

مَآءٌ مُرَاقٌ [Water, and hence, seminal fluid, poured forth]. (TA. [There immediately followed by أَرَاقَ مَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ, q. v.]) رَجُلٌ مُرِيقٌ [A man pouring forth water, and hence, his seminal fluid]. (TA. [There immediately followed by مَآءٌ مُرَاقٌ, q. v.]) مُرَوَّقٌ: see رَائِقٌ: A2: and see مُرَيَّقٌ, in art. ريق.

A3: Also A tent (بَيْتٌ, S, K, and خِبَآءٌ, S) having a رِوَاق [q. v.]. (S, K. [Said in the TA to be tropical; but why, I do not see.]) هُوَ مُرَاوِقِى He has the رِوَاق of his tent fronting, or facing, that of mine; (JK, A, O, K; *) and so هُوَ جَارِى مُرَاوِقِى. (A, TA.)

وق

ى1 وَقَاهُ اللّٰهُ السُّوْءَ God preserved him from evil. (Msb.) See a verse cited voce نَقَشَ. b2: وَقَاكَ اللّٰهُ كُلَّ مَحْذُور God preserve thee from all fear: see مَحْذُورٌ. b3: قِ, or قِهْ, and تَوَقَّ, are imperatives [meaning Be thou cautious]. (JK.) b4: قِ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ: see ظَلَعَ. b5: وَقَاهُ and ↓ اِتَّقَاهُ both signify He was cautious of it; syn. حَذِرَهُ. (K.) 5 تَوَقَّاهُ (and, accord. to a usage in the K, art. حرز, also تَوَقَّى مِنْهُ) He guarded against it; was cautious of it; syn. اِحْتَرَزَ منه and تَحَرَّزَ منه. (S, K, * art. حرز.) b2: تَبَقَّهْ وَتَوَقَّهْ: see 4 in art. بقى.8 اِتَّقى He preserved, or guarded, himself exceedingly, or extraordinarily: (Ksh, Bd in ii. 1:) he put a thing between him and another to preserve him, or guard him. (Ham, p. 359.) b2: In the conventional language of the law, He preserved, or guarded, himself exceedingly, or extraordinarily, (Ksh, Bd, ubi supra,) from sin, of commission or of omission, (Ksh,) [or] from what would harm him in the world to come. (Bd, who describes three degrees.) It may often be rendered He was pious; or careful of his religious duties. b3: اِتَّقَى عَلَيْهِمْ وَحَذِرَ [He guarded himself against them in an extraordinary degree, and was cautious, or wary]. (JK, TA, in art. خشى.) See 1. b4: يَتْقِى, for يَتَّقِى: see art. تقى: and see a verse of Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh, (quoted in the S, in art. وقى,) cited voce أَثْرٌ. b5: يَتَّقْ for يَتَّقِ: see a verse cited voce مُتَأَوِّبٌ.

وَقِىٌّ Cautious, guarding himself from sin, &c.: see تَقِىٌّ.

وَقِيَّةٌ Property by means of which one preserves himself: pl. وَقِيَّاتٌ. (TA.) See a verse cited voce مَحْبَلٌ.

وِقَايَةٌ Excess of preserving or guarding. (Ksh, Bd in ii. 1.) b2: A preservative.

وَاقٍ

A saddle that does not gall the back. (S, K.) وَاقِيَةٌ used as an inf. n., like بَاقِيَّةٌ: see Har, p. 136. b2: وَاقِيَةٌ as meaning one preserver: see an ex. voce بَاقِيَةٌ.

أُوقِيَّةٌ An ounce: see رِطْلٌ, in two places.