عقل

1 عَقڤلَ [The inf. n.] عَقْلٌ signifies The act of withholding, or restraining; syn. مَنْعٌ. (TA.) [This is app. the primary signification, or it may be from what next follows.] b2: عَقَلَ البَعِيرَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He bound the camel with the [rope called] عِقَال; (Mgh;) meaning he bound the camel's fore shank to his arm; (K;) i. e. he folded together the camel's fore shank and his arm and bound them both in the middle of the arm with the rope called عِقَال; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ اعتقلهُ signifies the same; as also ↓ عقّلهُ; (K;) or you say, عَقَّلْتُ الإِبِلَ, from العِقَالُ, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْقِيلٌ, (O,) [i. e. I bound the camels in the manner expl. above,] this verb being with tesh-deed because of its application to a number of objects: (S, O:) and sometimes the hocks were bound with the عِقَال. (TA.) The she-camel, also, was bound with the عِقَال on the occasion of her being covered: b3: and hence العَقْلُ is metonymically used as meaning الجِمَاعُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The act of compressing a woman]. (TA.) b4: عَقَلْتُ القَتِيلَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) or المَقْتُولَ, (S, O,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, TA,) means I gave, or paid, the bloodwit to the heir, or next of kin, of the slain person: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K: *) for the camels [that constituted the bloodwit] used to be bound with the عِقَال in the yard of the abode of the heir, or next of kin, of the slain person; and in consequence of frequency of usage, the phrase became employed to mean thus when the bloodwit was given in dirhems or deenárs. (As, S, O, Msb. * [See a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. عيف.]) And [hence] one says also, عَقَلْتُ عَنْهُ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) meaning I paid for him, (the slayer, Mgh,) i. e., in his stead, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, *) the bloodwit that was obligatory upon him, (S, Mgh, O, K, *) or what was obligatory upon him of the bloodwit. (Msb.) And عَقَلْتُ لَهُ دَمَ فُلَانٍ I relinquished in his favour retaliation of the blood of such a one for the bloodwit. (S, O, Msb, K. *) لَا تَعْقِلُ العَاقِلَةُ عَمْدًا وَلَا عَبْدًا, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in a trad. (S, O, Msb) of Esh-Shaabee, (O,) or a saying of Esh-Shaabee, (Mgh, * K,) not a trad., (K,) but the like occurs in a trad. related on the authority of I'Ab, (TA,) [meaning, accord. to an expl. of the verb when trans. without a particle, mentioned above, Those who are responsible for the payment of a bloodwit in certain cases shall not pay it for an intentional act of slaying or the like, nor for the slaying or the like of a slave,] applies, accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh, to the case of a slave's committing a crime against a free person: (S, O, Msb, K: [and thus as expl. in the Mgh:]) but, (S, O, Msb, K,) accord. to Ibn-Abee-Leylà, (S, O, Msb,) it applies to the case of a free person's committing a crime against a slave; for if the meaning were as Aboo-Haneefeh says, the phrase would be لَا تَعْقِلُ العَاقِلَةُ عَنْ عَبْدٍ; (S, O, Msb, K;) and As pronounced this to be correct: (S, O, Msb: *) Akmal-ed-Deen, however, in the Exposition of the Hidáyeh, says that عَقَلْتُهُ is used in the sense of عَقَلْتُ عَنْهُ, and that the context of the trad. indicates this meaning, which MF also defends. (TA.) [See also the saying لَا أَعْقِلُ الكَلْبَ الهَرَّارَ in art. هر.] b5: عَقَلَهُ, inf. n. as above, also means He set him up [app. a man] on one of his legs; [app. from عَقَلَ البَعِيرَ;] as also عَكَلَهُ: and every عَقْل is a raising. (TA.) b6: Also, [agreeably with the explanation of the inf. n. in the first sentence of this art.,] and ↓ عقّلهُ, and ↓ تعقّلهُ, (TA, [see also the first paragraph of art. عجس,]) and ↓ اعتقلهُ, (Msb, TA,) He withheld him, or restrained him, (Msb, TA,) عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ from the object of his want. (TA.) b7: and [hence,] عَقَلَ الدَّوَآءُ بَطْنَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, K) and عَقُلَ, (K,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (TA,) The medicine bound, or confined, his belly [or bowels]; syn. أَمْسَكَهُ: (S, O, Msb, K:) accord. to some, particularly after looseness: and بَطْنَهُ ↓ اعتقل signifies the same. (TA.) And يَعْقِلُ الطَّبْعَ is said of a medicine [as meaning, in like manner, It binds the bowels; is astringent]. (TA in art. حمض; &c.) And عقل البَطْنُ [app. عُقِلَ] The belly [or bowels] became bound, or confined; syn. اِسْتَمْسَكَ. (TA.) b8: عَقَلَ عَلَى القَوْمِ, [aor. ـِ inf. n. عِقَالٌ, means He collected, or exacted, the poor-rates of the people, or party; [app. from عَقَلَ البَعِيرَ; as though he bound with the rope called عِقَال the camels that he collected;] on the authority of IKtt. (TA.) 'Omar, when he had deferred [collecting] the poor-rate in the year [of drought called] عَامُ الرَّمَادَةِ, sent Ibn-AbeeDhubáb, and said, اِعْقِلْ عَلَيْهِمْ عِقَالَيْنِ فَاقْسِمْ فِيهِمْ عِقَالًا وَاءْتِنِى بِالآخَرِ [Collect thou from them two years' poor-rate; then divide among them one year's poor-rate, and bring to me the other]. (O.) One says of the collector of the poor-rate, يَعْقِلُ الصَّدَقَةَ [He collects, or exacts, the poor-rate]. (S, O.) b9: عَقَلَ فُلَانًا and ↓ اعتقلهُ signify He threw down such a one [in wrestling] by twisting his leg upon the latter's leg: (K, * TA:) [or] you say, الشَّغْزَبِيَّةَ ↓ صَارَعَهُ فَاعْتَقَلَهُ He wrestled with him and twisted his leg upon the leg of the latter: (S, O:) and one says of a wrestler, ↓ لِفُلَانٍ عُقْلَةٌ بِهَا النَّاسَ ↓ يَعْتَقِلُ, (S, O,) or يَعْقِلُ بِهَا النَّاسَ, i. e. [Such a one has] a [mode of] twisting his leg with another's [whereby he wrestles with men]. (TA.) b10: عَقَلَتْ شَعَرَهَا, (inf. n. عَقْلٌ, TA,) said of a woman, She combed her hair: (S, O:) or combed it in a certain manner; as also ↓ عَقَّلَتْهُ. (TA.) A2: عَقَلَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ and ↓ مَعْقُولٌ, (S, O, K,) or the latter, accord. to Sb, is an epithet, [or a pass. part. n.,] for he used to say that no inf. n. has the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, O,) He was, or became, عَاقِل [i. e. intelligent, &c.; and so ↓ تعقّل; as though he were withheld, or restrained, from doing that which is not suitable, or befitting: see عَقْلٌ below]: and ↓ عقّل, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَعْقِيلٌ, (TA,) signifies the same, (K,) or [he possessed much intelligence, for] it is with teshdeed to denote muchness: (TA:) and عَقِلَ, aor. ـَ is a dial. var. of عَقَلَ, aor. ـِ signifying he became عَاقِل. (IKtt, TA.) b2: And عَقَلَ الشَّىْءَ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) He understood, or knew, the thing; syn. فَهِمَهُ: (K, TA:) or i. q. تَدَبَّرَهُ [app. as meaning he looked into, considered, examined, or studied, the thing repeatedly, until he knew it]; and عَقِلَ, aor. ـَ is a dial. var. thereof. (Msb.) See also 5. b3: مَا أَعْقِلُهُ عَنْكَ شَيْئًا, (S, and so in the K accord. to my copy of the TA, but in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K ↓ اَعْقَلَهُ,) meaning دَعْ عَنْكَ الشَّكَّ [Dismiss from thee doubt], is [said to be] mentioned by Sb; as though the speaker said, مَا أَعْلِمُ شَيْئًا مِمَّا تَقُولُ فَدَعْ عَنْكَ الشَّكَّ [I know not aught of what thou sayest, so dismiss from thee doubt]; and [to be] like the phrases خُذْ عَنْكَ and سِرْ عَنْكَ: Bekr El-Mázinee says, “I asked Az and As and Aboo-Málik and Akh respecting this phrase, and they all said, 'We know not what it is: ' ” (so in the S:) [but] it is a mistake, for مَا أَغْفَلَهُ; (K, TA;) and thus it is mentioned by Sb and others, with غ and ف. (TA.) نَخْلَةٌ لَا تَعْقِلُ الإِبَارَ (tropical:) A palm-tree that will not receive fecundation is a tropical phrase [perhaps from عَقَلَ meaning “ he understood ” a thing]. (A, TA.) b4: عَاقَلْتُهُ فَعَقْلْتُهُ: see 3. b5: عَقَلَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عُقُولٌ (S, O, K) and عَقْلٌ, (K,) He (a mountain-goat, S, O) became, or made himself, inaccessible in a high mountain: (S: in the O unexplained:) or he [a gazelle) ascended [a mountain]. (K.) Accord. to Az, العُقُولُ signifies The protecting oneself in a mountain. (TA.) and one says, عَقَلَ إِلَيْهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ and عُقُولٌ, He betook himself to him, or it, for refuge, protection, covert, or lodging. (K.) b6: عَقَلَ الظِّلُّ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ (K) [and probably عُقُولٌ also], The shade declined, and contracted, or shrank, at midday; (S, O;) the sun became high, and the shade almost disappeared. (S, O, K.) A3: عَقَلَ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (TA,) said of a camel, He pastured upon the plant called عَاقُول. (O, K.) A4: عَقِلَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. عَقَلٌ, (S, O, K,) He (a camel) had a twisting in the hind leg, (S, O, K,) and much width [between the hind legs]: (S, O:) or had an excessive wideness, or spreading, of the hind legs, so that the hocks knocked together: (ISk, S, O:) or had a knocking together of the knees. (K.) [See also رَوَحَ.]2 عَقَّلَ see 1, in four places.

A2: عقّلهُ, inf. n. تَعْقِيلٌ, also signifies He, or it, rendered him عَاقِل [i. e. intelligent, &c.]. (O, K.) A3: And عقّل said of a grape-vine, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) It put forth its عُقَّيْلَى, or grapes in their first, sour, state. (O, K.) 3 المَرْأَةُ تُعَاقِلُ الرَّجُلَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ دِيَتِهَا (S, Mgh, O, K) means The woman is on a par with the man to the third part of her bloodwit; (S, Mgh, O;) she receives like as the man receives [up to that point]: (Mgh:) i. e., [for instance,] his مُوضِحَة [or wound of the head for which the mulct is five camels] and her مُوضِحَة are equal; (K;) but when the portion reaches to the third of the bloodwit, her [portion of the] bloodwit is the half of that of the man: (S, O, K:) thus, for one of her fingers, ten camels are due to her, as in the case of the finger of the man; for two of her fingers, twenty camels; and for three of her fingers, thirty; but for four of her fingers, only twenty, because they exceed the third, therefore the portion is reduced to the half of what is due to the man: so accord. to Ibn-El-Museiyab: but Esh-Sháfi'ee and the people of El-Koofeh assign for the finger of the woman five camels, and for two of her fingers ten; and regard not the third part. (TA.) A2: ↓ عَاقَلْتُهُ فَعَقَلْتُهُ, (S, O, K, *) inf. n. of the former مُعَاقَلَةٌ, (TA,) and aor. of the latter عَقُلَ, (S, O, K,) and inf. n. عَقْلٌ, (TA,) means I vied, or contended, with him for superiority in عَقْل [or intelligence], (O, TA,) and I surpassed him therein. (S, O, K, * TA.) 4 اعقل He (a man) owed what is termed عِقَال, (O, K, TA,) i. e. a year's poor-rate. (TA.) b2: اعقل القَوْمُ The people, or party, became in the condition of finding the shade to have declined, and contracted, or shrunk, with them, at midday. (S, O.) A2: اعقلهُ He found him to be عَاقِل [i. e. intelligent, &c.]: (K:) it is similar to أَحْمَدَهُ and أَبْخَلَهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, last quarter.5 تعقّلهُ: see 1, near the middle: b2: and see 8, in four places. b3: تَعَقَّلْ لِى بِكَفَّيْكَ حَتَّى أَرْكَبَ بَعِيرِى, (O, K, *) a saying heard by Az from an Arab of the desert, (O,) means Put thy two hands together for me, and intersert thy fingers together, in order that I may put my foot upon them, i. e. upon thy hands, and mount my camel; for the camel was standing; (O, K; *) and was laden; and if he had made him to lie down, would not rise with him and his load. (O.) A2: [It is used in philosophical works as meaning He conceived it in his mind, abstractedly, and otherwise; and so, sometimes, ↓ عَقَلَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْلٌ. Hence one says, هٰذَا شَىْءٌ لَا يُتَعَقَّلُ This is a thing that is not conceivable.]

A3: تعقّل as intrans.: see 1, latter half. b2: [Hence, He recovered his intellect, or understanding. b3: And] He affected, or endeavoured to acquire, عَقْل [i. e. intelligence, &c.]: like as one says تَحَلَّمَ and تَكَيَّسَ. (S, O.) [See also 6.] b4: Said of an animal of the chase, as meaning It stuck fast, and became caught, in a net or the like, it is a coined word, not heard [from the Arabs of chaste speech]. (Mgh.) 6 تعاقلوا دَمُ فُلَانٍ They paid among themselves, or conjointly, the mulct for the blood of such a one. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّا لَا نَتَعَاقَلُ المَصْعَ Verily we will not pay among ourselves, or conjointly, the mulcts for slight wounds of the head, [lit. the stroke with a sword,] but will oblige him who commits the offence to pay the mulct for it: i. e. the people of the towns or villages shall not pay the mulcts for the people of the desert; nor the people of the desert, for the people of the towns or villages; in the like of the case of the [wound termed] مُوضِحَة. (TA.) And in another it is said, يَتَعَاقَلُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَعَاقِلَهُمُ الأُولَى [They shall take and give among themselves, or conjointly, their former bloodwits]: i. e. they shall be as they were in respect of the taking and giving of bloodwits. (TA.) And one says, القَوْمُ عَلَى مَا كَانُوا يَتَعَاقَلُونَ عَلَيْهِ [The people, or party, are acting in conformity with that usage in accordance with which they used to pay and receive among themselves bloodwits]. (S, O.) A2: تعاقل also signifies He affected, or made a show of possessing, عَقْل [i. e. intelligence, &c.], without having it. (S, O.) [See also 5.]8 إِعْتَقَلَ see 1, former half, in three places. b2: اُعْتُقِلَ said of a man, He was withheld, restrained, or confined. (S, O.) b3: And اُعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُهُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and اِعْتَقَلَ, also, (Msb,) His tongue was withheld, or restrained, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) from speaking; (Mgh, Msb;) he was unable to speak. (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) b4: [Hence,] اعتقل الشَّاةَ He put the hind legs of the ewe, or she-goat, between his shank and his thigh, (S, O, K,) to milk her, (S, O,) or and so milked her. (K.) And اعتقل رُمْحَهُ He put his spear between his shank and his stirrup [or stirrup-leather]: (S, O, K:) or he (a man riding) put his spear beneath his thigh, and dragged the end of it upon the ground behind him. (IAth, TA.) And اعتقل الرَّحْلَ, and ↓ تعقّلهُ; (O;) or اعتقل الرِّجْلَ, (O, K,) accord. to one relation of a verse of Dhu-rRummeh, (O,) and ↓ تعقّلها; (K;) He [a man riding upon a camel] folded his leg, and put it upon the مَوْرِك: (O, K, * TA:) in the K, الوَرِك is erroneously put for المَوْرِك: (TA:) the مَوْرِك is before the وَاسِطَة [or upright piece of wood in the fore part] of the camel's saddle: (AO, in TA art. ورك:) and one says also, اعتقل قَادِمَةَ رَحْلِهِ and ↓ تعقّلها; both meaning the same [as above]: (TA:) and السَّرْجَ ↓ تعقّل and اعتقلهُ He folded his leg upon the fore part of the سرج [or saddle of the horse or the like]. (Mgh.) b5: See also 1, latter half, in three places. b6: الاِعْتِقَالُ also signifies The inserting a سَيْر [or narrow strip of skin or leather], when sewing a skin, beneath a سَيْر, in order that it may become strong, and that the water may not issue from it. (AA, O.) A2: and one says, اعتقل مِنْ دَمِ فُلَانٍ, (O, K,) and مِنْ طَائِلَتِهِ, (O,) meaning He took, or received, the عَقْل, (O, K, TA,) i. e. the mulct for the blood of such a one. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَعْقَلَ [استعقلهُ He counted, accounted, or esteemed, him عَاقِل, i. e. intelligent, &c.: for] you say of a man, يُسْتَعْقَلُ [from العَقْلُ], like as you say يُسْتَحْمَقُ [from الحُمْقُ], and يُسْتَرْأَى from الرِّئَآءُ. (AA, S in art. رأى.) عَقْلٌ an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed], (Msb,) A bloodwit, or mulct for bloodshed; syn. دِيَةٌ; (As, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) so called for a reason mentioned in the first paragraph in the explanation of the phrase عَقَلْتُ القَتِيلَ; (As, S, Mgh, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ مَعْقُلَةٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) of which ↓ مِعْقَلَةٌ, with fet-h to the ق, is a dial. var., mentioned in the R; (TA;) and of which the pl. is مَعَاقِلُ: (S, O, K:) one says, ↓ لَنَاعِنْدَ فُلَانٍ ضَمَدٌ مِنْ مَعْقُلَةٍ i. e. We have a remainder of a bloodwit owed to us by such a one. (S, O.) And الأُولَى ↓ هُمْ عَلَى مَعَاقِلِهِمِ They are [acting] in conformity with [the usages relating to] the bloodwits that were in the Time of Ignorance; (K, TA;) or meaning عَلَى مَا كَانُوا يَتَعَاقَلُونَ عَلَيْهِ [expl. above (see 6)]: (S, O:) or they are [acting] in conformity with the conditions of their fathers; (K, TA;) but the former is the primary meaning: (TA:) and [hence]

عَلَى قَوْمِهِ ↓ صَارَ دَمُ فُلَانٍ مَعْقُلَةً The blood of such a one became [the occasion of] a debt incumbent on his people, or party, (S, O, K, *) to be paid by them from their possessions. (S, O.) A2: And as being originally the inf. n. of عَقَلَ in the phrase عَقَلَ الشَّىْءَ meaning [فَهِمَهُ or] تَدَبَّرَهُ; (Msb;) or as originally meaning المَنْعُ, because it withholds, or restrains, its possessor from doing that which is not suitable; or from المَعْقِلُ as meaning “ the place to which one has recourse for protection &c.,” because its possessor has recourse to it; (TA;) العَقْلُ signifies also Intelligence, understanding, intellect, mind, reason, or knowledge; syn. الحَجْرُ, (S, O,) and النُّهَى, (S,) or النُّهْيَةُ, (O,) or الحِجَا, and اللُّبُّ, (Msb,) or العِلْمُ, (K,) or the contr. of الحُمْقُ; (M, TA;) or the knowledge of the qualities of things, of their goodness and their badness, and their perfectness and their defectiveness; or the knowledge of the better of two good things, and of the worse of two bad things, or of affairs absolutely; or a faculty whereby is the discrimination between the bad and the good; (K, TA;) but these and other explanations of العَقْل in the K are all in treatises of intellectual things, and not mentioned by the leading lexicologists; (TA; [in which are added several more explanations of a similar kind that have no proper place in this work;]) some say that it is an innate property by which man is prepared to understand speech; (Msb;) the truth is, that it is a spiritual light, (K, TA,) shed into the heart and the brain, (TA,) whereby the soul acquires the instinctive and speculative kinds of knowledge, and the commencement of its existence is on the occasion of the young's becoming in the fætal state, [or rather of its quickening,] after which it continues to increase until it becomes complete on the attainment of puberty, (K, TA,) or until the attainment of forty years: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُولٌ: (K:) Sb mentions عَقْلٌ as an instance of an inf. n. having a pl., namely, عُقُولٌ; like شُغْلٌ and مَرَضٌ: (TA in art. مرض:) IAar says, (O,) العَقْلُ is [syn. with] القَلْبُ, and القَلْبُ is [syn. with] العَقْلُ: (O, K:) and ↓ المَعْقُولُ is [said to be] a subst., or name, for العَقْلُ, like المَجْلُودُ and المَيْسُورُ for الجَلَادَةُ and اليُسْرُ: (Har p. 12:) it is said in a prov., ↓ مَا لَهُ جُولٌ وَلَا مَعْقُولٌ, (Meyd, and Har ubi suprà,) meaning He has not strong purpose of mind, [to withhold, or protect, him,] like the جول [or casing] of the well of the collapsing whereof one is free from fear because of its firmness, nor intellect, or intelligence, (عَقْل,) to withhold him from doing that which is not suitable to the likes of him. (Meyd. [But see مَعْقُولٌ below.]) [Hence, أَسْنَانُ العَقْلِ (see 1 in art. حنك) and أَضْرَاسُ العَقْلِ (see ضِرْسٌ), both meaning The wisdom-teeth.]

A3: [It is said that]

عَقْلٌ also signifies A fortress; syn. حِصْنٌ. (K.) [But this seems to be doubtful.] See مَعْقِلٌ.

A4: And A sort of red cloth (S, O, K) with which the [women's camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج is covered: (K:) or a sort of what are called بُرُود [pl. of بُرْدٌ, q. v.] or a sort of figured cloth, (K,) or, as in the M, of red figured cloth: (TA:) or such as is figured with long forms. (Har p. 416.) عُقْلَةٌ A bond like the عِقَال [q. v.]: or a shackle. (Har p. 199.) b2: [Hence it seems to signify An impediment of any kind.] One says, بِهِ عُقْلَةٌ مِنَ السِّحْرِ وَقَدْ عُمِلَتْ لَهُ نُشْرَةٌ [app. meaning In him is an impediment arising from enchantment, and a charm, or an amulet, has been made for him]. (S, O.) b3: And A [mode of] twisting one's leg with another's in wrestling. (TA.) See 1, latter half. b4: And A twisting of the tongue when one desires to speak. (Mbr, TA in art. حبس.) b5: And, in the conventional language of the geomancers, (O, K,) it consists of A unit and a pair and a unit, (O,) the sign ??: (K, TA:) also called ثِقَافٌ. (O, TA.) عَقْلِىٌّ Intellectual, as meaning of, or relating to, the intellect.]

عِقَالٌ A rope with which a camel's fore shank is bound to his arm, both being folded together and bound in the middle of the arm: pl. عُقُلٌ. (S, O, Msb.) [See also شِكَالٌ.] b2: And The poor-rate (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) of a year, (S, Mgh, O, K,) consisting of camels and of sheep or goats. (K.) [See a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. سعو and سعى.] One says, عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ عِقَالَانِ On the sons of such a one lies a poor-rate of two years. (S, O.) And hence the saying of Aboo-Bekr, لَوْ مَنَعُونِى عِقَالًا (Mgh, O, Msb) If they refused me a year's poor-rate: (Mgh, O:) and it is said that the phrase أَخَذَ عِقَالًا was used when the collector of the poor-rate took the camels themselves, not their price: (TA:) or Aboo-Bekr meant a rope of the kind above mentioned; (Mgh, O, Msb;) for when one gave the poor-rate of his camels, he gave with them their عُقُل: (O, Msb:) or (Mgh, TA) he meant thereby a paltry thing, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) of the value of the [rope called] عقال: (TA:) or he said عَنَاقًا [“ a she-kid ”]; (Mgh, TA;) so accord. to Bkh, (Mgh,) and most others: (TA:) or جُدَيًّا [“ a little kid ”]. (Mgh, TA.) b3: Also A young [she-camel such as is called] قَلُوص. (K.) b4: عِقَالُ المِئِينَ meansThe man of high rank who, when he has been made a prisoner, is ransomed with hundreds of camels. (K.) عَقُولٌ A medicine that binds, confines, or astringes, the belly [or bowels]; (S, O, Msb;) as also ↓ عَاقُولٌ; contr. of حَادُورٌ. (A in art. حدر.) A2: See also عَاقِلٌ, latter half, in two places.

عَقِيلَةٌ A woman of generous race, (S, O, K,) modest, or bashful, (S, O,) that is kept behind the curtain, (K,) held in high estimation: (TA:) the excellent of camels, (Az, S, O, K,) and of other things: (Az, TA:) or the most excellent of every kind of thing: (S, O, K:) and the chief of a people: (K:) the first is the primary signification: then it became used as meaning the excel-lent of any kind of things, substantial, and also ideal, as speech, or language: pl. عَقَائِلُ. (TA.) And العَقِيلَةُ: (K,) or عَقِيلَةُ البَحْرِ, (S, O, TA,) signifies The pearl, or large pearl: (S, O, K, * TA: *) or the large and clear pearl: or, accord. to IB, the pearl, or large pearl, in its shell. (TA.) إِبِلٌ عُقَيْلِيَّةٌ Certain hardy, excellent, highly esteemed, camels, of Nejd. (Msb.) عُقَّالٌ A limping, or slight lameness, syn. ظَلَعٌ, (so in copies of the S,) or ضَلَعٌ [which is said to signify the same, or correctly to signify a natural crookedness], (so in other copies of the S and in the O,) which occurs in the legs of a beast: (S, O:) or a certain disease in the hind leg of a beast, such that, when he goes along, he limps, or is slightly lame, for a while, after which he stretches forth; (K, TA;) accord. to A'Obeyd, (TA,) peculiar to the horse; (K, TA;) but it mostly occurs in sheep or goats. (TA.) b2: دَآءٌ ذُو عُقَّالٍ

A disease of which one will not be cured. (TA.) A2: عُقَّالُ الكَلَأِ Three herbs that remain after having been cut, which are the سَعْدَانَة and the حُلَّب and the قُطْبَة. (TA.) A3: And عَقَاقِيلُ, [a pl.] of which the sing. is not mentioned, [perhaps pl. of عُقَّالٌ, but in two senses a pl. of عَقَنْقَلٌ,] signifies The portions of a grape-vine that are raised and supported upon a trellis or the like. (TA.) عُقَّيْلَى Grapes in their first, sour, state. (O, K.) أَخَذَهُ العِقِّيلَى i. q. شَغْزَبَهُ and شَغْرَبَهُ. (Az, TA in art. شغزب.) عَاقِلٌ [act. part. n. of عَقَلَ: and as such,] The payer of a bloodwit: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.]

↓ عَاقِلَةٌ: (Msb:) the latter is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates; (TA;) and signifies a man's party (S, Mgh, O, K, TA) who league together to defend one another, (S, O, K, TA,) consisting of the relations on the father's side, (S, Mgh, * O, TA,) who pay the bloodwit (S, Mgh, O, TA) [app. in conjunction with the slayer] for him who has been slain unintentionally: (S, O, TA:) it was decided by the Prophet that it was to be paid in three years, to the heirs of the person slain: (TA:) they look to the offender's brothers on the father's side, who, if they take it upon them, pay it in three years: if they do not take it upon them, the debt is transferred to the sons [meaning all the male descendants] of his grandfather; and in default of their doing so, to those of his father's grandfather; and in default of their doing so, to those of his grandfather's grandfather; and so on: it is not transferred from any one of these classes unless they are unable [to pay it]: and such as are enrolled in a register [of soldiers or pensioners or any corporation] are alike in respect of the bloodwit: (IAth, TA:) or, accord. to the people of El-'Irák, it means the persons enrolled in the registers [of soldiers or of others]: (S, O:) or it is applied to the persons of the register which was that of the slayer; who derive their subsistence-money, or allowances, from the revenues of a particular register: (Mgh:) Ahmad Ibn-Hambal is related to have said to Is-hák Ibn-Mansoor, it is applied to the tribe (قَبِيلَة) [of the slayer]; but that they bear responsibility [only] in proportion to their ability; and that if there is no عَاقِلَة, it [i. e. the bloodwit] is not to be from the property of the offender; but Is-hák says that in this case it is to be from the treasury of the state, the bloodwit not being [in any case] made a thing of no account: (TA:) the pl. of عَاقِلَةٌ thus applied is عَوَاقِلُ. (Msb.) A2: عَاقِلٌ also signifies Having, or possessing, عَقْل [i. e. intelligence, understanding, &c.; or intelligent, &c.; a rational being]; (S, O, Msb, K;) and so ↓ عَقُولٌ, (S, O, K,) or this latter has an intensive signification [i. e. having much intelligence &c.]: (TA: [see an ex. in a saying cited voce أَبْلَهُ, in art. بله:]) the former is expl. by some as applied to a man who withholds, or restrains, and turns back, his soul from its inclinations, or blamable inclinations: (TA:) and it is likewise applied to a woman, as also عَاقِلَةٌ: (Msb:) the pl. masc. is عُقَّالٌ and عُقَلَآءُ, (Msb, K,) this latter pl. sometimes used; and the pl. fem. is عَوَاقِلُ and عَاقِلَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: عَاقِلٌ is also applied to a mountaingoat, as an epithet, signifying That protects himself in his mountain from the hunter: (TA:) [and in like manner ↓ عَقُولٌ is said by Freytag to be used in the Deewán of Jereer.] And it is [also] a name for A mountain-goat, (S, O,) or a gazelle; (K;) because it renders itself inaccessible in a high mountain. (S, O, K. *) b3: And عَاقِلَةٌ signifies A female comber of the hair. (S, O.) عَاقِلَةٌ, as a coll. gen. n.: see عَاقِلٌ; of which it is also fem.

عَاقُولٌ: see عَقُولٌ.

A2: Also A bent portion, (S, O,) or place of bending, (K,) of a river, and of a valley, (S, O, K,) and of sand: (S, O:) pl. عَوَاقِيلُ: or the عَوَاقِيل of valleys are the angles, in the places of bending, thereof; and the sing. is عَاقُولٌ. (TA.) b2: And The main of the sea: or the waves thereof. (K.) b3: And A land in which (so in copies of the K, but in some of them to which,) one will not find the right way, (K, TA,) because of its many places of winding. (TA.) b4: [Hence,] عَوَاقِيلُ الأُمُورِ What are confused and dubious of affairs. (S, O, K. *) b5: And [hence] one says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو عَوَاقِيلَ, meaning Verily he is an author, or a doer, of evil. (TA.) A3: Also A certain plant, (O, K,) well known, (K,) not mentioned by AHn (O, TA) in the Book of Plants; (TA;) [the prickly hedysarum; hedysarum alhagi of Linn.; common in Egypt, and there called by this name; fully described by Forskål in his Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. 136;] it has thorns; camels pasture upon it; and [hence] it is called شَوْكُ الجِمَالِ; it grows upon the dykes and the تُرَع [or canals for irrigation]; and has a violetcoloured flower. (TA.) [See also تَرَنْجُبِينٌ; and see حَاجٌ, in art. حيج.]

عَنْقَلٌ: see the next paragraph.

عَقَنْقَلٌ A great كَثِيب [i. e. hill, or heap, or oblong or extended gibbous hill,] of intermingled sands: (S, O:) or a كَثِيب that is accumulated (K, TA) and intermingled: or a حَبْل [or long and elevated tract] of sand, having winding portions, and حِرَف [app. meaning ridges], and compacted: (TA:) accord. to El-Ahmar, it is the largest quantity of sand; larger than the كَثِيب: (S voce لَبَبٌ:) pl. عَقَاقِلُ (S, O) and عَقَاقِيلُ (O) and عَقَنْقَلَاتٌ. (TA.) b2: And A great, wide, valley: (K:) pl. عَقَاقِلُ and عَقَاقِيلُ. (TA.) b3: Also, (S, O, K,) sometimes, (S, O,) and ↓ عَنْقَلٌ, (O, K,) The مَصَارِين [or intestines into which the food passes from the stomach], (S, O,) or قَانِصَة [which here probably signifies the same], (K,) of a [lizard of the species called] ضَبّ: (S, O, K:) or the [portion of fat termed] كُشْيَة of the ضَبّ. (TA.) أَطْعِمْ أَخَاكَ مِنْ عَقَنْقَلِ الضَّبِّ [Give thy brother to eat of the intestines, &c., of the dabb: or, as some relate it, مِنْ كُشْيَةِ الضَّبِّ:] is a prov., said in urging a man to make another to share in the means of subsistence; or, accord. to some, denoting derision. (TA.) b4: Also A [drinking-cup, or bowl, of the kind called] قَدَح. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b5: And A sword. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) أَعْقَلُ, applied to a camel, Having what is termed عَقَلٌ, i. e. a twisting in the hind leg, &c.: (S, O, K: [see the last portion of the first paragraph:]) fem. عَقْلَآءُ, applied to a she-camel. (S, K.) A2: [Also More, and most, عَاقِل, or intelligent, &c.]

مَعْقِلٌ A place to which one betakes himself for refuge, protection, preservation, covert, or lodging; syn. مَلْجَأٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَقْلٌ, (S, O, K,) of which the pl. is عُقُولٌ: (S, O:) but Az says that he had not heard عَقْل in this sense on any authority except that of Lth; and held العُقُولُ, which is cited as an ex. of its pl., to signify “ the protecting oneself in a mountain: ” (TA:) and مَعْقِلٌ signifies also a fortress; [like as عَقْلٌ is said to do;] syn. حِصْنٌ: (Mgh:) the pl. is مَعَاقِلُ. (TA.) Hence one says, using it metaphorically, هُوَ مَعْقِلُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the refuge of his people: and the kings of Himyer are termed in a trad. مَعَاقِلُ الأَرْضِ, meaning The fortresses [or refuges] of the land. (TA.) b2: [It is perhaps primarily used in relation to camels; for] مَعَاقِلُ الإِبِلِ means The places in which the camels are bound with the rope called عِقَال. (TA.) مَعْقُلَةٌ and مَعْقَلَةٌ; and the pl.: see عَقْلٌ, first quarter, in five places. b2: [It seems to be implied in the S and O that the former signifies also Places that retain the rain-water.]

تَمْرٌ مَعْقِلِىٌّ, (Mgh, Msb,) or رُطَبٌ مَعْقِلِىٌّ, (S,) A certain sort of dates, (Mgh, * Msb,) [or fresh ripe dates,] of El-Basrah: (Msb:) so called in relation to Maakil Ibn-Yesár. (S, Mgh, Msb.) مُعَقَّلَةٌ is applied to camels (إِبِلٌ) as meaning Bound with the rope called عِقَال. (O, TA.) and also to a she-camel bound therewith on the occasion of her being covered: and hence the epithet مُعَقَّلَاتٌ is applied by a poet, metonymically, to women, in a similar sense. (TA.) مَعْقُولٌ [pass. part. n. of عَقَلَ in all its senses as a trans. verb. b2: Hence it signifies Intellectual, as meaning perceived by the intellect; and excogitated: thus applied as an epithet to any branch of knowledge that is not necessarily مَنْقُولٌ, which means “ desumed,” such as the science of the fundamentals of religion, and the like. b3: Hence also, Intelligible. b4: And Approved by the intellect; or reasonable.

A2: It is also said to be an inf. n.]: see 1, latter half. b2: And see عَقْلٌ, latter half, in two places.

مَعْقُولَاتٌ Intellectual things, meaning things perceived by the intellect: generally used in this sense in scientific treatises. b2: And hence, Intel-ligible things. b3: And Things approved by the intellect; or reasonable.]

عتم

1 عَتڤمَ The primary signification of the inf. n. عَتْمٌ in the [genuine] language of the Arabs is that of Tarrying [or delaying]: and of withholding, or restricting, or limiting, oneself. (TA.) See 2, in three places. [Hence,] one says, غَرَسْتُ الوَدِىَّ فَمَا عَتَمَ مِنْهَا شَىْءٌ i. e. [I planted the shoots of palm-trees,] and not any of them was slow or tardy [in its growth]. (S.) And عَتَمَتْ حَاجَتُهُ The object of his want was, or became, slow or tardy [of accomplishment]; as also ↓ أَعْتَمَتْ. (TA.) b2: عَتَمَ اللَّيْلُ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (S, TA,) inf. n. عَتْمٌ, (TA,) The night was, or became, dark, in the period termed عَتَمَة: (S:) or a portion of the night passed; as also ↓ اعتم: (K:) the latter mentioned by IAar. (TA.) b3: and عَتَمَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـِ and عَتُمَ, The camels were milked at nightfall [i. e. at the commencement of the عَتَمَة]; as also ↓ أَعْتَمَت and ↓ استعتمت. (K.) b4: See also 4.2 تَعْتِيمٌ and ↓ عَتْمٌ signify The being slow, or tardy. (S.) You say, عتّم قِرَاهُ and ↓ عَتَمَ His entertainment for his guest, or guests, was, or became, slow, or tardy; syn. أَبْطَأَ [not أَبْطَأَ بِهِ]: (S, K:) and he delayed it: (TA: [but this, though virtually a correct rendering, is app. not so literally:]) and ↓ اعتم likewise has the former meaning: (K:) or قِرَى الضَيْفِ ↓ اعتم signifies he delayed the entertainment of the guest. (S.) and مَا عَتَّمَ أَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا He delayed not, or was not slow, to do, or in doing, such a thing. (S, K. *) And حَاجَتَهُ ↓ اعتم He delayed [the accomplishment of] the object of his want. (TA.) b2: and عتّم عَنْهُ He refrained, forbore, abstained, or desisted, from it, (S, K,) namely, an affair, (S,) after having made progress therein; as also ↓ اعتم; and ↓ عَتَمَ, aor. ـِ (K, TA,) inf. n. عَتْمٌ: (TA:) or this last signifies he withheld himself from doing it, meaning, a thing that he desired: (K:) and ↓ اعتم signifies he delayed to do it. (TA.) and [hence] one says, ضَرَبَهُ فَمَا عَتَّمَ, (S,) and حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَمَ عَتَّمَ, (S, K,) i. e. [He beat him, and he attacked him,] and did not withhold, or restrict, or limit, himself, in beating him, [and in attacking him,] (S,) or and did not recede, or draw back, or desist: (K, TA:) the vulgar say, ضَرَبَهُ فَمَا عَتَّبَ. (S.) b3: See also 4.4 أَعْتَمَ see 2, in five places: and see also 1, in three places. b2: اعتم (S, Msb) from العَتَمَةُ (S) is like أَصْبَحَ from الصُّبْحُ; (S, Msb; *) i. e. it signifies He entered upon the period termed عَتَمَة; (Msb;) as also ↓ عَتَمَ, inf. n. ↓ عَتْمٌ: (TA:) or he journeyed in that period; (K, TA;) and so ↓ عتّم: (S, K, TA:) or both signify he became in the period: (TA:) or he brought [his camels] to the watering-place and [in the CK “ or ”] he brought [them] back therefrom in that period; (K, TA;) and did any kind of work or action [therein]. (TA.) 8 إِعْتَتَمَ [اِعْتَتَمَتِ الإِبِلُ, accord. to Golius, (whom Freytag has followed in this instance,) signifies the same as اِسْتَعْتَمَت, as on the authority of the K, in which I do not find it. He probably found the former verb thus written erroneously for أَعْتَمَت in this sense, which he has not mentioned.]10 استعتمهُ He deemed him, or reckoned him, slow, or tardy. (Z, TA.) b2: اِسْتَعْتِمُوا نَعَمَكُمْ حَتَّى

تُفِيقَ means Delay ye the milking of your camels, or cattle, until the milk shall have collected: (K, TA:) for they used to bring back their camels a little after sunset to their nightly resting-place, and make them to lie down there a while, until, when their milk had collected, after a portion of the night had passed, they roused them and milked them. (TA.) A2: استعتمت الإِبِلُ: see 1.

عُتْمٌ and ↓ عُتُمٌ (S, K, but only the former in some copies of the S,) The wild olive-tree: (S, K, TA:) or such as does not bear anything: or such as grows in the mountains: written by IAth ↓ عَتَمٌ, and expl. by him as the olive-tree: or a species of tree resembling it, growing in the Saráh (السَّرَاة). (TA.) عَتَمٌ: see عَتَمَةٌ, first sentence: A2: and see also عُتْمٌ.

عُتُمٌ: see عُتْمٌ.

عَتَمَةٌ Slowness, or tardiness: (IB, TA:) hence the saying of a rájiz, بِذِى سَلَمْ طَيْفٌ أَلَمْ بَيْنَ الخَيَمْ ↓ يَسْرِى عَتَمْ meaning يَسْرِى بَطِيْئًا, [i. e. A phantom visited (أَلَمْ being for أَلَمَّ) in Dhoo-Selem, journeying by night slowly amid the tents,] the ة of عَتَمَة [i. e.

عَتَمَةً] being elided. (TA. [But عَتَمٌ is also mentioned in the TA, in the beginning of this art., not as being originally عَتَمَةٌ, but simply as a subst. in the sense expl. above.]) A2: [Also, in its most usual sense,] The first third of the night, after the disappearance of the شَفَق [or redness that is seen in the sky after sunset]; (Kh, S, Msb, K;) the first part of the night, after the setting of the light of the شَفَق: (Msb:) or the time of the prayer of nightfall: (S, K:) but the calling of that prayer the prayer of the عَتَمَة, as the Arabs of the desert called it, instead of calling it the prayer of the عِشَآء, is said to be forbidden in a trad. (TA.) b2: عَتَمَةُ رُبَعٍ [The عتمة of a young camel brought forth in the رَبِيع, which is the beginning of the breeding-time], (S, K,) meaning the space during which it (i. e. the رُبَع) is confined at its evening-feed, (K,) is applied to the moonlight of the night when the moon is four nights old. (S, K.) Az says, The Arabs say in relation to the moon when it is one night old, عَتَمَةُ سُخَيْلَةٍ حَلَّ أَهْلُهَا بِرُمَيْلَةٍ [The عتمة of a little lamb or kid, the owners of which have alighted in a small tract of sand]; meaning that it does not long continue; like the lamb, or kid, that sucks its mother and soon returns to the sucking: and when it is two nights old, حَدِيثُ أَمَتَيْنِ بِكَذِبٍ وَمَيْنٍ [The discourse of two female slaves, with lying and falsehood]; because their discourse is not long, by reason of their being busied with the serving of their owners: and when it is three nights old, حَدِيثُ فَتَيَاتٍ غَيْرِ مُؤْتَلِفَاتٍ [The discourse of young women not united by affection]: and when it is four nights old, عَتَمَةُ رُبَعٍ غَيْرِ جَائِعٍ

وَلَا مُرْضَعٍ [The عتمة of a ربع (expl. above) not hungry nor suckled]; meaning that it is limited to the space of the فُوَاق [or time between two suckings] of this ربع or of the فواق [or time between two milkings] of its mother; or, as IAar says, عَتَمَةُ أُمِّ الرُّبَعِ [The عتمة of the mother of the ربع]: and when it is five nights old, حَدِيثٌ وَأُنْسٌ وَبَقَآءُ عَشَآءِ خَلِفَاتٍ قُعْسٍ [Discourse and sociableness, and the continuance of the evening-feed of pregnant camels having their heads and necks inclining towards their backs: see also art. قعس]: and when it is six nights old, يَسْرٌ وَبَتٌّ [app. A twisting and a grinding by a turning towards the left and from the left; as though meaning that it is a time fit for active employment]: and when it is seven nights old, دُلْجَةُ الضَّبُعِ [The night-journeying of the hyena]: and when it is eight nights old, قَمَرٌ إِضْحِيَانٌ [A bright moon]: and when it is nine nights old, يُلْقَطُ فِيهِ الجَزْعُ [The onyx is picked up in it, being distinguishable by the light of the moon]: and when it is ten nights old, مُخَنِّقُ الفَجْرِ [lit. The choker of the dawn; as though its light were about to overtake, and grapple with, that of daybreak]. (TA.) [It should be observed that every one of these ten sayings is fancifully framed so as to rhyme, perfectly or imperfectly, with words preceding it: the first being preceded by اِبْنُ لَيْلَةٍ; the second, by اِبْنُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ; the third, by اِبْنُ ثَلَاثٍ; the fourth, by اِبْنُ أَرْبَعٍ; and so on.] b3: عَتَمَةٌ signifies also The darkness of the night: (S, K, TA:) or the darkness of the first part of the night, [after nightfall, i. e.] after the setting of the light of the شَفَق [or redness that is seen in the sky after sunset]: and the vulgar [sometimes] pronounce it عَتْمَة. (TA.) b4: And The remains of the milk that has collected in the udders of the camels, or of the camels and other cattle, at the period thus termed. (S, ISd, K.) One says, حَلَبْنَا عَتَمَةً [We milked some remains of what had collected in the udders &c.]. (S, TA.) and حُلِبَتْ عَتَمَتُهَا The milk that was obtained from them at the period termed the عَتَمَة was drawn. (TA, from the trad. of Aboo-Dharr.) and قَعَدَ عِنْدَنَا فُلَانٌ قَدْرَ عَتَمَةِ الحَلَائِبِ i. e. [Such a one sat with us, or at our abode,] as long as the space during which the milch camels are confined for the purpose of the collecting of the milk in their udders. (TA.) b5: And The return of the camels from the place of pasturing after their entering upon evening. (ISd, K.) عَتُومٌ A she-camel that does not yield her milk copiously except in the period termed عَتَمَة: (S, K:) or a she-camel abounding in milk, the milking of which is deferred to the latter, or last, part of the night: thus accord. to Az: and that is retarded in the milking; as also ↓ عَاتِمٌ; pl. عَوَاتِمُ: and عَتُومَةٌ, as mentioned by IB, on the authority of Th, a she-camel that yields a copious supply of milk. (TA.) عَاتِمٌ Tardy, or late; entering upon, or coming in, the evening; applied to a guest; (S, K;) and to the entertainment for a guest, or guests: (S:) and ↓ مُعْتِمٌ, applied to a guest, signifies [the same, or] entering upon, or coming in, the evening; or, as some say, remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ عَاتِمُ القِرَى

Such a one is slow, or tardy, in respect of the entertainment for the guest, or guest: (TA:) and in like manner, [but in (??) sive sense,] القِرَى ↓ مِعْتَامُ. (Har p. 579.) See also عَتُومٌ. b2: النُّجُومُ العَاتِمَاتُ means The stars that are dark by reason of a dusty hue in the air: (K:) such is the case in drought; for the stars of winter are more bright because of the clearness of the sky: but El-Aashà applies it to the stars of winter. (TA.) عَيْتُومٌ A camel slow in journeying. (K, * TA.) And A man bulky, big-bodied: (K, * TA:) but J mentions, on the authority of As, جَمَلٌ عَيْثُومٌ, [as meaning a great camel,] with ث. (TA.) مُعْتِمٌ: see عَاتِمٌ.

مِعْتَامٌ: see عَاتِمٌ.

عثم

1 عَثَمَ, said of a broken bone, (S, K,) or it is peculiarly said of the arm, (K, [i. e. one says عَثَمَتِ اليَدُ,]) aor. ـِ (PS,) inf. n. عَثْمٌ, (TA,) It became set unevenly, (S, K, TA,) i. e. [forming a node, or protuberance, like a swelling, not so hard as bone, (see عثْمٌ, below,) or] so as to have an unevenness remaining in it: (TA:) or, said of a broken bone, it approached to a state of consolidation, but was not as yet consolidated; and in like manner, a wound: (ISh, TA:) or it was, or became, in a bad state, and wanting in its former strength, or in its form. (TA.) and عَثِمَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَثَمٌ, said of a [broken] bone, signifies [the same, or] It was badly set, so that there remained in it an unevenness. (TA.) And sometimes it is used metaphorically in relation to the sword: so says IJ. (TA. [In a verse there cited as an ex., the verb app. relates to a sword in its scabbard or its case cut in pieces by another sword.]) b2: عَثَمَ said of a wound means as expl. above: (ISh, TA:) or It became callous, and covered with a skin, but not as yet healed. (K.) A2: عَثَمْتُهُ I set it unevenly, [so as to form a node, or protuberance, like a swelling, not so hard as bone, (see the first sentence above,)] namely, a broken bone; (S, K;) the verb being trans. as well as intrans., (S, TA,) like رَجَعَ and وَقَفَ. (TA.) b2: And عَثَمَتِ المَزَادَةَ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَثْمٌ, (TA,) She sewed the مزادة [or leathern water-bag] not strongly, or not firmly; (S, K;) as also ↓ اِعْتَثَمَتْهَا; (S, TA;) in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَعْثَمَتْهَا. (TA.) 2 عثّمهُ, inf. n. تَعْثِيمٌ, He set it; namely, a [broken] bone. (TA.) 4 أَعْثَمَ see 1, last sentence.8 إِعْتَثَمَ see 1, last sentence. b2: [Hence,] it is said in a prov., إِلَّا أَكُنْ صَنَعًا فَإِنِّى أَعْتَثِمُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) If I be not skilful, verily I do according to the degree of my knowledge. (S, Meyd.) A2: اعتثم بِهِ He sought help by means of it; (S, K;) and profited by it, or made use of it. (K.) One says, خُذْ هٰذَا فَاعْتَثِمْ بِهِ Take thou this, and seek help by means of it [or profit by it]. (S.) b2: and اعتثم بِيَدِهِ He extended, or stretched forth, his arm, or hand; syn. أَهْوَى بِهَا. (K.) عَثْمٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: جُبِرَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى عَثْمٍ means عَلَى عُقْدَةٍ, (S and O in art. عقد,) [i. e. His arm was set and joined unevenly,] so as to form a node, or protuberance, like a swelling, not so hard as bone. (ISk, L in art. اجر.) عَثِمٌ, applied to a [broken] bone, Badly set, so as to have an unevenness remaining in it. (TA.) [And ↓ عَثْمَآءُ signifies the same, applied to an arm (يَدٌ); expl. by Golius as applied to a hand, and meaning Distortedly consolidated, on the authority of Meyd.]

عَثْمَآءُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عُثْمَانٌ The young one of the [species of bustard called] حُبَارَى. (S, K.) b2: And The young one of the [serpent called] ثُعْبَان. (AA, K.) And, (K,) some say, (TA,) The serpent, (AA, K,) of whatever species it be: (AA:) or the young one thereof. (AA, Mgh, K.) And أَبُو عُثْمَانَ is a surname of The serpent; (K, TA;) mentioned by 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh. (TA.) عَيْثَمٌ, applied to a camel, Big, or bulky, tall, and thick. (TA.) A2: See also عَيْثَامٌ.

عَيْثَمِىٌّ The wild ass; (K, TA;) so called because of his bigness, or bulkiness, and strength. (TA.) عَيْثَامٌ (in the T, voce دُلْبٌ, written ↓ عَيْثَمٌ,) A species of tree; (S, K, TA;) said to be the same as the دُلْب [q. v.]; it is a white tree, that grows very tall: n. un. with ة. (TA.) A2: Also A certain sort of food, in which locusts are cooked; (K, TA;) of the food of the people of the desert. (TA.) عَيْثُومٌ A great camel. (As, S. [See also عَيْتُومٌ.]) And Anything big, or bulky, and strong. (TA.) b2: And The female elephant: (El-Ghanawee, S:) or the elephant, male and female: (K:) pl. عَيَاثِمُ. (TA.) b3: And The ضَبُع [i. e. hyena, or female hyena]. (A'Obeyd, S, K.) عَثَمْثَمٌ Strong; applied to a camel; (AA, S;) and to a mule; and likewise to a shoulder: (IAar, TA:) or, applied to a camel, strong and tall: (K, TA:) or tall and thick: or big, or bulky: (TA:) fem. with ة: (AA, S, K, TA:) pl. عَثَمْثَمَاتٌ. (TA.) b2: And The lion: (AA, S, K:) so called because of the heaviness of his tread. (AA, S.)

عته

1 عُتِهَ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and so accord. to copies of the S,) inf. n. عَتَاهَةٌ and عَتَاهِيَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) [but see the former of these below,] and عَته [app. عَتْهٌ], (Mgh,) or عَتْهٌ and عُتْهٌ and عُتَاهٌ; (K;) and (Msb, TA) عَتِهَ, (Msb, TA, and so in one of my copies of the S in the place of عُتِهَ, and said in the TA to be mentioned by J,) on the authority of Akh, and also mentioned by IKtt, (TA,) inf. n. عَتَهٌ, (Msb, TA,) which is mentioned by A'Obeyd as of the inf. ns. from which no verbs are derived, (so in my copies of the S, in some copies of which this remark applies to تَعَتُّهٌ,) and عَتَاهٌ, with fet-h; (Msb;) He (a man, TA) was idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or one who had lost his intellect; (K;) or bereft of his intellect, or so in consequence of shame or fear &c., syn. دُهِشَ; (Mgh, Msb, K;) without diabolical possession, or madness: (Mgh, Msb:) or, accord. to IAar, عُتِهَ signifies he (a man) was, or became, possessed, or mad. (Ham p. 680.) [See also العَتَهُ, below.] b2: عُتِهَ فِى العِلْمِ He was, or became, addicted, attached, or devoted, to knowledge, or science, and vehemently desirous thereof. (K.) b3: And عُتِهَ فِى فُلَانٍ He was, or became, addicted to annoying such a one, and mimicking his speech. (K.) 5 تَعَتُّهٌ signifies The being, or becoming, or the feigning oneself, possessed, or mad; syn. تَجَنُّنٌ: and the being, or becoming, foolish, stupid, unsound in intellect, or deficient therein, and lax, or languid; syn. رُعُونَةٌ. (S, K.) [تَعَتَّةَ بِجَارِيَةٍ, occurring in this art. in the TA, app. means He was, or became, infatuated by love of a girl, or young woman.] b2: Also The feigning ignorance. (K.) b3: And The feigning oneself unmindful, or heedless. (K.) One says, هُوَ يَتَعَتَّهُ لَكَ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ

مِمَّا تَأْتِيهِ i. e. He feigns himself unmindful, or heedless, [to thee, of much that thou dost, or] of thee, in much that thou dost. (TA.) b4: And The affecting cleanliness, (K, TA,) and nicety, or refinement: (TA:) and the exceeding the usual bounds in dress and eating. (K, TA.) One says, تَعَتَّهَ فِى كَذَا He affected nicety, or refinement, and exceeded the usual bounds, in such a thing. (TA.) عَتَهٌ [see 1, first sentence, where it is mentioned as an inf. n.]. العَتَهُ is An evil affection, of essential origin, necessarily occasioning unsoundness in the intellect; so that the person affected therewith becomes confused in intellect; and therefore some of his speech resembles that of the intelligent; and some, that of the possessed, or mad: it differs from السَّفَهُ; for this does not resemble possession, or madness. (KT.) عُتَهٌ and ↓ عُتَهِىٌّ (so in the TA as from the K [but not found by me in the latter]) and ↓ عُنْتُهٌ and ↓ عُنْتُهِىٌّ (so too in the TA, but not as from the K, [though I find these two words without the two preceding in the copies of the K that I have been able to consult,]) A man who greatly exceeds the usual bounds in an affair. (K, TA.) عُتَهِىٌّ: see what next precedes. b2: It is also a subst. from التَّعَتُّهُ, of the measure فُعَلِىٌّ: thus in the saying of Ru-beh [which is cited in the Ham p. 680], فِى عُتَهِىِّ اللُّبْسِ وَالتَّقَيُّنِ [In affecting cleanliness, or nicety, or refinement, or in exceeding the usual bounds, in dress; and in self-adornment]. (TA.) عَتِيهٌ: see عَاتِهٌ.

عَتَاهَةٌ a subst. from عُتِهَ [app. in all its senses; i. e., meaning Idiocy; &c.; though it might be supposed, from the manner in which it is mentioned, to be a subst. from عُتِهَ in the last only of the senses above assigned to it]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عَتَاهِيَةٌ: (TA:) or each is an inf. n. of that verb [q. v.]. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

عَتَاهِيَةٌ: see عَتَاهَةٌ. b2: Also Foolish, or stupid: and so ↓ عُتَاهِيَةٌ; (Akh, S, K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) b3: And, in a pl. sense, The erring of mankind; and so ↓ عَتَاهَةٌ; (K, TA;) which latter signifies also, in a pl. sense, foolish, or stupid. (TA.) عُتَاهِيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَاتِهٌ A man addicted to annoying another, and mimicking his speech; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عَتِيهٌ: (TA:) pl. [accord. to analogy, of the latter, but mentioned in the K as of the former,] عُتَهَآءُ. (K, TA.) عُنْتُهٌ and see عُتَهٌ.

عُنْتُهِىٌّ: see عُتَهٌ.

مُعَتَّهٌ Intelligent, and symmetrical in make: and also possessed, or mad, and incongruous in make: thus having two contr. significations. (K, TA.) مَعْتُوهٌ Idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or one who has lost his intellect; (K;) or bereft of his intellect, or so in consequence of shame or fear &c.; (Mgh, Msb, K;) without diabolical possession, or madness: (Mgh, Msb:) also expl. as signifying possessed, or mad; smitten, or afflicted, in his intellect. (TA.) عتو and عتى 1 عَتَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. عُتُوٌّ (S, Msb, K) and عُتِىٌّ and عِتِىٌّ, (S, K,) of which عُتُوٌّ is the original form, one [i. e. the second] of the two dammehs being changed into a kesreh and therefore the و into ى and then the other dammeh being assimilated to the kesreh, (S, TA,) He behaved proudly, (Msb, K,) and was immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant: (K:) he was excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud or corrupt or unbelieving: (AO, TA; and so in a copy of the S as on the authority of A'Obeyd:) or he revolted, recoiled, or was averse, from obedience: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and ↓ تَعَتَّيْتُ signifies the same as عَتَوْتُ; (S, K;) or I [disobeyed, or] did not obey; (TA;) and so does عَتَيْتُ; (K, accord. to some copies; but in some, عَتِيتُ;) or, accord. to J and others, one should not say عَتَيْتُ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [li. 44], فَعَتَوْا عَنْ

أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ (TA) i. e. But they turned with disdain from obeying the command of their Lord. (Bd, Jel.) b2: [Hence,] عَتَتِ الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind blew immoderately. (IKtt, TA.) b3: And عَتَا said of and old man, (S, Msb, K, [but in my copy of the Msb الشى is put for الشيخ,]) aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عُتُوٌّ (S, Msb) and عِتِىٌّ, (S,) or عُتِىٌّ and عَتِىٌّ, with damm and also with fet-h, (K,) He became advanced in age, and in a declining state: (S, Msb, * K:) [or he became dried up; as is shown by what here follows.] It is said in the Kur [xix. 9], accord. to one reading, وَقَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ عُتِيًّا, (TA,) from عَتَا It became dried up; (Ksh, * Jel;) said of wood, or a branch; as also عَسَا: (Ksh:) the meaning here being, [And I have reached] the extreme degree of old age: (Jel:) or dryness, and hardness, or rigidness, in the joints and the bones; like the dry wood or branch. (Ksh.) 5 تَ1َ2َّ3َ see the preceding paragraph.

عَتِىٌّ: see عَاتٍ.

عَتَّى a dial. var. of حَتَّى, (S, K,) of the dial. of Hudheyl and Thakeef. (S.) عَاتٍ part. n. of 1; (S, Msb, K;) Proud, (Msb, K,) and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant: (K:) excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud (Mgh) [or corrupt or unbelieving: or revolting, recoiling, or averse, from obedience: (see 1:)] i. q. جَبَّارٌ: (Mgh, TA:) and ↓ عَتِىٌّ signifies the same: (K:) pl. عُتِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) originally [عُتُوٌّ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ, (Msb,) the [former] و being changed into ى, agreeably with a rule which, Mohammad Ibn-Es-Seree says, should be observed in a word of this [class and] measure when it is a pl., though not [generally] when it is an inf. n., (S, TA,) or this is pl. of عَتِىٌّ, and the pl. of عَاتٍ is عُتَاةٌ. (TA.) [See also أَعْتَآءٌ, below.] b2: Also Advanced [and declining] in age: [or dried up: (see 1, last sentence but one:)] pl. عُتِىٌّ. (Msb.) b3: and لَيْلٌ عاتى [a mistranscription, the latter word being correctly عَاتٍ,] A night intensely dark. (TA.) أَعْتَى Most [and more] excessive, immoderate, or inordinate, in pride [&c.: see عَاتٍ]. (Mgh.) أَعْتَآءٌ [a pl., app. of عَاتٍ, like as أَصْحَابٌ is of صَاحِبٌ,] applied to men as meaning دُعَّارٌ [i. e. Who act corruptly, or vitiously; who transgress the command of God; or who commit adultery or fornication; &c.]. (ISd, K, TA.)

طن

أ1 طَنِئَ, aor. ـَ said of a camel, He had his spleen adhering to his side. (K.) And, said of a man, He had a tertian fever, and his spleen in consequence became enlarged. (Lh, TA.) Thus pronounced by some with ء [for طَنِىَ, q. v.]. (TA.) 4 أَطْنَأَ [He suffered not to retain the last remains of life]. One says, هٰذِهِ حَيَّةٌ لَا تُطْنِئُ This is a serpent that will not suffer one to survive; (S, O, K; *) that hills instantly: also without ء, but originally with ء; from طِنْءٌ in the first of the senses assigned to it below. (S, O.) طِنْءٌ The [last] remains of the vital spirit. (S, O, K.) One says, تَرَكْتُهُ بِطِنْئِهِ I left him with the [last] remains of life. (S, O.) b2: and The remains of water in a watering-trough, or tank. (O, K, TA.) And it is said that رَوْضَةٌ, by which it is also expl. in the K [and in the O], has this meaning [as well as that of A meadow, &c.]; and therefore this explanation without the former is given in the L. (TA.) b3: And Ashes in a state of extinction: (O, K:) and so طَنًى. (K and TA in art. طنى.) b4: [And app. A bier; for this is a meaning assigned to نَيْطٌ; and] one says, رُمِىَ فُلَانٌ فِى طِنْئِهِ [and فى طِنْيِهِ] and فى نَيْطِهِ [Such a one was cast into his bier]; meaning, when he died. (Az, TA.) b5: And A disease, or malady. (K.) A2: And Doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion; or a thing that occasions doubt or suspicion or evil opinion; syn. رِيبَةٌ; (S, O, K, TA; in the CK رُبْيَة;) and تُهَمَةٌ: (TA:) and so طِنْىً. (TA in art. طنى.) Fr. cites, كَأَنَّ عَلَى الطِّنْءِ عَيْنًا بَصِيرَةً

meaning, عَلَى ذِى الرِّيبَةِ [i. e. As though there were a discerning eye upon him in whom is that which occasions doubt, &c.]. (TA.)

طرح

1 طَرَحَهُ, and طَرَحَ بِهِ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the latter allowable because a verb that is syn. with another verb may have the same government as the latter, and طَرَحَ is syn. with a verb that is trans. by means of ب, as will be shown in what follows, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. طَرْحٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He cast it, threw it, or flung it; or cast, threw, or flung, it away; [and particularly as a thing of no account; (see طِرْحٌ;)] syn. رَمَاهُ, (S, A, O, K,) or رَمَى بِهِ, (Mgh, Msb,) and أَلْقَاهُ; (A, Mgh;) مِنْ يَدِهِ [from his hand]. (Mgh.) You say, طَرَحَ لَهُ الوِسَادَةَ (A, TA) He threw to him the pillow, or cushion; syn. أَلْقَاهُ. (TA.) And طَرَحْتُ الرِّدَآءَ عَلَى عَاتِقِى I threw the [garment called] ردآء

upon my shoulder; syn. أَلْقَيْتُهُ. (Msb.) and [hence] طَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ المَسْأَلَةَ (tropical:) He put, or proposed, (lit. threw,) to him the question: (A, * TA:) thought by ISd to be post-classical. (TA.) [And in post-classical language, طَرحٌ signifies also The making a throw in the game of backgammon and the like; and the making a move in the game of chess &c.] b2: Also, i. e. طَرَحَهُ and طَرَحَ بِهِ, He removed it; placed it, or put it, at a distance; put it away, or far away; [cast it off, rejected it, or discarded it;] (ISd, K, TA;) as also ↓ اِطَّرَحَهُ; (S, A, O, K;) [respecting which see 8 in art. ضرح;] and ↓ طرّحهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَطْرِيحٌ; (TA;) or this last signifies he cast it, threw it, or flung it, or he cast, threw, or flung, it away, much, or frequently. (S, A, O.) One says, طَرَحَتِ النَّوَى بِفُلَانٍ كُلَّ مَطْرَحٍ i. e. (tropical:) [Removal, or distance, or the place to which he journeyed,] rendered such a one [utterly] remote [or cast away]. (S, O, TA. [Here مَطْرَح is an inf. n.]) And [in like manner] طَرَحَ بِهِ الدَّهْرُ كُلَّ مَطْرَحٍ i. e. (tropical:) [Time, or fortune,] removed him, or separated him, [utterly,] from his family and kindred. (TA.) And مَا طَرَحَكَ إِلَى هٰذِهِ البِلَادِ (tropical:) [What has driven thee to these regions?]. (A.) And اِطْرَحْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Cast thou from thee, to them, their covenant; i. e. reject it, or renounce it, to them]. (Bd in viii. 60.) And هٰذَا ↓ اِطَّرِحْ الحَدِيثَ (tropical:) [Dismiss thou this discourse]. (A, TA. [See the pass. part. n., below.]) And ↓ اِطَّرِحْ شُكْرِى وَلَوْمِى (assumed tropical:) Let thou alone, or abstain thou from, thanking me and blaming me. (Har p.

332.) A2: طَرِحَ, (IAar, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طَرَحٌ, (TK,) He (a man, IAar, O) was, or became, evil in disposition. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And He enjoyed, or led, a life of ample ease and comfort. (IAar, O, K.) 2 طَرَّحَ see 1. b2: طرّح, (S, A, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْرِيحٌ, (S, K,) signifies also (tropical:) He made a thing long, or he made it high: (TA:) or he made his building long; (S, K;) as also ↓ طَرْمَحَ, (S, and K in art. طرمح,) in which the م is [said to be] augmentative: (S:) or both signify he made his building long and high: (A:) or the former signifies he made his building very long. (O.) b3: And He (a horse) took long, or wide, steps in running. (O, TA.) 3 مُطَارَحَةُ الكَلَامِ is a phrase well known: (S, K:) المُطَارَحَةُ signifies (assumed tropical:) The bandying of words, one with another; (KL, and Har p. 190;) the holding a colloquy, or a discussion, with another: and it is [said to be] primarily used in relation to singing. (Har ibid.) You say; طارحهُ الكَلَامَ (assumed tropical:) He held a colloquy, or a discussion, with him. (MA.) And طَارَحْتُهُ العِلْمَ and الغِنَآءَ (tropical:) [I bandied with him scientific discourse and songs]. (A.) [See also 6.]4 أَطْرِح (tropical:) Look thou: (A, TA:) from طَرْفٌ مِطْرَحٌ and طَرِيحٌ. (TA.) 5 تطرّح He attired himself with a طَرْحَة: a post-classical word.]6 تطارحوا (tropical:) They bandied questions, one with another; put, or proposed, (lit. threw,) questions, one to another. (A.) 8 اِطَّرَحَ: see 1, in three places. Q. Q. 1 طَرْمَحَ: see 2; and see also art. طرمح.

طِرْحٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ طُرَّحٌ and ↓ طَرِيحٌ (K) A thing (S, A) cast, thrown, or flung, away, syn. مَطْرُوحٌ, (S, A, K,) and not wanted by any one. (S.) One says, لَوْ بَاتَ مَتَاعُكَ طِرْحًا مَا أُخِذَ [If thy household goods passed the night, or remained during the night, cast away and neglected, they would not be taken]. (A, TA.) A2: And طِرْحٌ signifies also The leopard: so says Aboo-Kheyreh: pl. طُرُوحٌ. (O.) طَرَحٌ (assumed tropical:) Distance, or remoteness. (TA.) b2: See also طَرُوحٌ, in two places.

طَرْحَةٌ The [article of apparel called] طَيْلَسَان [q. v.]: (O, K:) it was not known to the Arabs. (O.) [See De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., ii.

267-269: and Dozy's Dict. des Noms des Vêtements chez les Arabes, pp. 254-262. It is now applied in Egypt to a kind of head-veil worn by women, the two ends of which generally hang down behind, nearly reaching to the ground: but it is often worn in another manner; about a quarter of it hanging down behind, and the remainder being turned over the head, and under the chin, and over the head again, so that the middle part covers the bosom, and both ends hang down behind: it is a piece of muslin, or the like, often embroidered at each end; about three quarters of a yard in width, and in length nearly equal to twice the height of the wearer.]

طُرَّحٌ: see طِرْحٌ.

طَرَاحٌ: see the next paragraph.

طَرُوحٌ (assumed tropical:) A distant place; as also ↓ طَرَحٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ طَرَاحٌ, (K,) and [app. ↓ طَارِحٌ, for] one says دِيَارٌ طَوَارِحُ (tropical:) Distant dwellings or abodes [as though the latter word were pl. of طَارِحَةٌ]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] عُقْبَةٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) [A stage of a journey] far-extending. (A, * O: in a copy of the former عَقَبَةٌ.) And ↓ سَيْرٌ طُرَاحِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) A far, or distant, journey: (As, S, O, K:) or a hard journey. (TA.) And نِيَّةٌ طَرُوحٌ, (TA,) or ↓ طَرَحٌ, (T, K, TA, and O in art. ضرح,) like ضَرَحٌ, (O in that art.,) i. q. بَعِيدَةٌ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A distant, or remote, thing, or place, that is the object of an action or a journey]. (T, O, K.) And نَخْلَةٌ طَرُوحٌ (assumed tropical:) A palm-tree having long racemes: (S, O, K:) or of which the upper part is far from the lower: pl. طُرُحٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) b2: قَوْسٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) A bow that propels the arrow with vehemence; (S, A, O;) i. q. ضَرُوحٌ: (S, O, K:) or that sends the arrow far: (TA:) or that sends it to the furthest limit. (AHn, TA.) And رَجُلٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) A man who, when he compresses, impregnates. (Lh, O, K.) And فَحْلٌ طَرُوحٌ (assumed tropical:) i. q. مِطْرَحٌ, q. v. (O.) And زَمَنٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) A time that casts the people thereof into places, or positions, of peril: and نَوَائِبُ طُرْحٌ [or طُرُحٌ, as above, (tropical:) Accidents that cast people into such places or positions]. (A.) طَرِيحٌ: see طِرْحٌ: b2: and see also مِطْرَحٌ.

سَيْرٌ طُرَاحِىٌّ: see طَرُوحٌ.

طَرَّاحَةٌ: see مِطْرَحٌ.

طَارِحٌ: [fem. with ة; and pl. of the latter طَوَارِحُ:] see طَرُوحٌ.

سَنَامٌ إِطْرِيحٌ A long, (S, O, L, K,) or tall, (S, * O, * L, K, *) camel's hump, (S, O, L, K,) leaning on one side. (L.) [See an ex. voce إِسْلِيحٌ.]

أُطْرُوحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A question that one puts, or proposes, lit. throws. (TA.) فُلَانٌ يُلْقِى الأَطَارِيحَ is expl. by AO as meaning Such a ones moves both his arms up and down [in walking]: denoting a proud and self-conceited manner of walking. (O.) مَطْرَحٌ A place where, or into which, a thing [or person is cast or thrown or] is made to be: pl. مَطَارِحُ. (Har p. 188.) b2: [And hence,] (tropical:) A state in which a person is [put, or placed]: so in the saying, مَاطَرَحَكَ هٰذَا المَطْرَحَ (tropical:) What hath put, or placed, thee in this state in which thou art? (A.) مِطْرَحٌ I. q. مِفْرَشٌ [q. v.: and ↓ طَرَّاحَةٌ has the same, or a similar, meaning; applied in the present day to a horse-cloth, and the like; and to a mattress]: pl. مَطَارِحُ. (A, TA.) b2: فَحْلٌ مِطْرَحٌ (tropical:) A stallion that sends his semen far into the womb; (A, * O, K;) like ↓ طَرُوحٌ. (O.) And طَرْفٌ مِطْرَحٌ (tropical:) An eye that sees far; (A, O, K;) as also ↓ طَرِيحٌ. (A, TA.) And رُمْحٌ مِطْرَحٌ (tropical:) A long spear. (A, K.) And إِبِلٌ مَطَارِحُ (tropical:) Quick, or swift, camels. (A, TA.) b3: [مِطْرَحٌ, as stated by Freytag, is also expl. by Reiske as meaning Camela in cujus ventrem aqua profunda cadit: but this explanation may have originated from a doubtful instance of the same epithet applied to a stallion camel: see above.]

قَوْلٌ مُطَّرَحٌ (tropical:) A [rejected] saying, to which no regard is paid. (A, TA.) مَشَى مُتَطَرِّحًا (assumed tropical:) He walked, or went, in a slack, or languid, manner; as though repeatedly stumbling, or throwing himself down; syn. مُتَسَاقِطًا; (IDrd, A, O;) like one fatigued, or weary, (IDrd, O, K,) and weak. (TA.)

طمح

1 طَمَحَ بَصَرُهُ إِلَيْهِ, (S, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طُمُوحٌ (K in art. مد, and TK) and طِمَاحٌ and طَمْحٌ, (TK,) His sight, or eye, became raised towards it, (S, K,) i. e., a thing: (S:) or became stretched and raised towards it. (L.) And طَمَحَ بِبَصَرِهِ, aor. ـَ (L, Msb,) inf. n. طَمْحٌ, (L,) or طُمُوحٌ, (Msb,) He raised his eyes; (L, Msb;) [and] so بَصَرَهُ ↓ أَطْمَحَ: (S, K:) or cast his eyes: (L:) towards a thing (إِلَى شَىْءٍ, L, or نَحْوَ شَىْءٍ, Msb): [said to be] from the phrase جَبَلٌ طَامِحٌ. (Msb.) And طَمَحَ بَعَيْنِهِ, said of a proud man, He raised his eye. (A.) and طَمَحَتْ بِعَيْنِهَا She (a woman) cast her eye at a man. (L.) And طَمَحَتْ [alone], said of a woman, She raised her eyes. (L.) And تَطْمَحُ

إِلَى الرِّجَالِ [She raises her eyes towards, or looks at, men]. (S.) b2: And طَمَحَ, inf. n. طِمَاحٌ and طُمُوحٌ, (A, L, TA,) He (a horse) raised his head and his eyes in his running: (A, TA:) or he raised his fore legs; (L;) and so ↓ طمّح, inf. n. تَطْمِيحٌ: (T, L, K:) [or the former, he was, or became, refractory, and overcame his rider, running away with him: for] طِمَاحٌ is syn. with جِمَاحٌ, (K,) or like جِمَاحٌ: (Yz, S:) one says, فَرَسٌ فِيهِ طِمَاحٌ [a horse in which is refractoriness, &c.]. (S.) b3: طَمَحَتْ, aor. ـَ (L,) inf. n. طِمَاحٌ, (L, K,) is also said of a woman, meaning (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, disobedient to her husband, resisting him, hating him, and deserting him: (L, K: *) and, thus said of a woman, طَمَحَتْ, (S, K,) or طَمَحَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا, (A,) is syn. with, (A, K,) or like, (S,) جَمَحَتْ (tropical:) [she went forth from the place where she used to pass the night, in anger, without the permission of her husband]: (S, A, K:) and طَمَحَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا and جَمَحَتْ (tropical:) she went forth from the house, or tent, of her husband, to her own family, before he divorced her. (TA in art. جمع.) And طَمَحَ, like جَمَحَ اليه, said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He hastened, or went quickly, to him, or it, so that his course was not turned for anything. (TA in art. طمح.) b4: طَمَحَ, inf. n. طِمَاحٌ, also signifies (assumed tropical:) He was proud, and boastful; because he who is so exalts himself. (L.) b5: And طَمَحَ فِى السَّوْمِ (assumed tropical:) He went far beyond what was right, or just, in making a bargain for his merchandise. (Lh, L.) and طَمَحَ, (S,) or طَمَحَ فِى الطَّلَبِ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He went far in search; (S, K;) so accord. to some. (S.) [طَمَحَ إِلَى كُلِّ شَىْء, said of the heart, app. means (assumed tropical:) It aspired to everything: see its part. n., طَامِحٌ.] b6: طَمَحَ الشُّخْبُ (assumed tropical:) The extended stream of milk from the udder fell upon the ground so as to be unprofitable. (Provs. of Meyd, section ش: see شُخْبٌ.) b7: طَمَحَ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) He made, or caused, him, or it, to go, go away, or pass away; took away, carried off, or went away with, him, or it. (K.) b8: And طَمَحْتُ الشَّىْءَ [if not a mistranscription for طَمَّحْتُ بِالشَّىْءِ] (tropical:) I cast the thing in the air. (A.) 2 طَمَّحَ see 1. b2: طمّح بِبَوْلِهِ, (S, K, TA,) and طمّح بَوْلَهُ, (L, TA,) and طمّح بِالشَّىْءِ, inf. n. تَطْمِيحٌ, (T, TA,) (tropical:) He cast forth his urine, (S, L, K, TA,) and the thing, (T, TA,) in the air. (T, S, L, K, TA.) [See also 1, last sentence.]4 أَطْمَحَ see 1, second sentence.

طِمْحٌ, or طِمَحٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) expl. by Ibn-'Abbád, (K, TA,) in the Moheet, (TA,) as the name of A species of tree, is a mistake, being correctly with ظ and خ; (K, TA;) or it is also called طمخ as well ظمخ. (TA in art. ظمخ.) نِيَّةٌ طَمَحٌ i. q. بَعِيدَةٌ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A distant, or remote, thing, or place, that is the object of an action or journey]; like طَرَحٌ and ضَرَحٌ. (O in art. ضرح.) طَمَحَاتُ الدَّهْرِ, (S, A, K.) and طَمْحَاتُهُ, (K,) the latter used by poetic license, (TA,) (tropical:) The hard, or distressing, events, or the calamities, or afflictions, of time, or fortune. (S, A, K.) طَمُوحُ البَصَرِ: see طَامِحٌ. b2: بَحْرٌ طَمُوحُ المَوْجِ (A, TA) (tropical:) A sea of which the waves rise high. (TA.) And بِئْرٌ طَمُوحُ المَآءِ (tropical:) A well of which the water has collected and risen high. (TA.) سَيْرٌ طُمَاحِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) A far, or distant, journey; like طُرَاحِىٌّ. (As, O in art. طرح.) طَمَّاحٌ A long-sighted man. (L.) And طَمَّاحَةٌ A woman who looks much to the right and left at strange men, or at a man who is not her husband. (L.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Vehemently desirous, or greedy; or very vehemently desirous, or very greedy: (S, K:) applied to a man. (S.) طَامِحٌ [part. n. of 1: fem. with ة: pl. of the latter طَوَامِحُ]. You say نِسَآءٌ طَوَامِحُ إِلَى الرِّجَالِ [Women who raise their eyes towards, or look at, men]. (A.) And فَرَسٌ طَامِحُ الطَّرْفِ, (A, L,) and طَامِحُ البَصَرِ, and ↓ طَمُوحُهُ, (L,) A horse that raises, or elevates, his eye. (L.) b2: طَامِحٌ [without ة] is also an epithet applied to a woman, from طَمَحَتْ as syn. with, or similar to, جَمَحَتْ; [i. e. an epithet meaning That goes forth from the place where she has been accustomed to pass the night, in anger, without the permission of her husband; or that goes forth from the house, or tent, of her husband, to her own family, not having been divorced by him;] (S, K;) that raises her eyes towards, or looks at, men (تَطْمَحُ

إِلَى الرِّجَالِ): (S:) or that hates her husband, and looks towards other men: (Aboo-'Amr EshSheybánee, T:) a woman disobedient to her husband, resisting him, hating him, and deserting him. (L.) b3: Also A high, overlooking, mountain. (Msb.) Anything high, lofty, or elevating itself. (S, K.) And (assumed tropical:) Anyone lofty, or elevating himself, in excessive pride. (T, TA.) And one says قَلْبٌ طَامِحٌ إِلَى كُلِّ شَىْء [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A heart aspiring to everything]. (Lth, O, K, TA, voce شَنِقٌ.)

طمر

1 طَمَرَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (O, Msb,) or ـِ (K,) inf. n. طَمْرٌ, (A, O, Msb, K,) He buried (A, Msb, K) a corpse, in the earth: (Msb:) he hid, or concealed, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) a thing, (Msb,) or wheat, in a مَطْمُورَة, (S, O,) or himself, or his goods, (A, TA,) in a place where he, or they, could not be known. (TA.) b2: He filled a مَطْمُورَة. (S, K.) And He filled up a well. (TA.) b3: Az heard a man of 'Okeyl say of a stallion-camel that had covered a female, قَدْ طَمَرَهَا [meaning He inserted the whole of his veretrum into her; as is indicated by the context]: and إِنَّهُ لَكَثِيرُ الطُّمُورِ; and thus one says of a man, meaning Verily he is one who compresses much. (L, TA. [See also 4.]) A2: طَمَرَ signifies also He built. (O.) And [hence] one says, أَبِيهِ ↓ هُوَ يَطْمُرُ عَلَى مِطْمَارِ, (A, K, in the latter of which the verb is omitted,) meaning (tropical:) He imitates the actions of his father: (A, TA:) or he resembles his father in make and disposition. (K.) A3: And طَمَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, O, K) and طَمُرَ, (O,) inf. n. طُمُورٌ (S, A, O, K) and طَمْرٌ (K) and طِمَارٌ (K, TA, in the CK طَمار) and طَمَرَانٌ, (TA,) He leaped: (TA:) or he leaped downwards: (A, K:) or upwards (lit. in, or into, the sky): (A, K:) or he did what resembled leaping (S, O) upwards (lit. in, or into, the sky); (S;) thus does a horse; and the [bird called] أَخْيَل, in flying. (S, O.) And طَمَرَ فِى الرَّكِيَّةِ, inf. n. طَمْرٌ and طُمُورٌ, He leaped into the well, from the top of it to the bottom. (Msb.) [It is said that] طَمَرَ signifies He, or it, became, or rose, high: and also, became, or descended, low. (TA. [But perhaps it is a mistranscription for طُمِرَ: see مَطْمُورٌ.]) b2: And طَمَرَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (TA,) inf. n. طُمُورٌ, (K,) He went away into, or in, the country, or land: (K, TA:) he became absent, or hidden, or concealed; or he absented, or hid, or concealed, himself. (TA.) A4: طَمَرَ said of a wound, It became inflated, or swollen. (O, K.) b2: And طَمِرَتْ يَدُهُ, the verb in this case being of the class of فَرِحَ, His arm, or hand, became swollen, (K,) and inflated. (TA.) b3: And طُمِرَ فِى ثَدْىِ المَرْأَةِ The woman's breast became swollen. (O.) b4: and طُمِرَ فِى ضِرْسِهِ Pain became excited in his tooth, or his lateral, or molar, tooth: (O, K:) the verb in this phrase [and in that next preceding] is like عُنِىَ. (K.) 2 طمّر, (O,) inf. n. تَطْمِيرٌ, (O, K,) He made his building high. (O.) b2: And i. q. طَوَى [meaning He folded a written paper &c.; or rolled up a طُومَار, or scroll: and (assumed tropical:) He (the Creator) made the limbs, or shanks, of an animal, compact, or round; as though rolled up like scrolls]. (O, K, TA.) طُمِّرَتْ, in a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, [referring to a wild she-ass, or to her legs,] means (assumed tropical:) She was, or they were, rendered compact in make; or rounded, as though rolled up like as are طَوَامِير [or scrolls]. (TA.) b3: And He let down a curtain. (K, TA.) One says, طَمَّرُوا بُيُوتَهُمْ They let down their curtains over their doors. (O, TA.) 4 اطمر غُرْمُولَهُ فِى الحِجْرِ He (a horse) inserted the whole of his veretrum into the mare. (K. [See also 1, fourth sentence.]) 8 اطّمر عَلَيْهِ, of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ, [originally اِطْتَمَرَ,] He leaped upon him, namely, a horse, (K,) and a camel, (TA,) from behind, (K, TA,) and mounted him. (TA.) طِمْرٌ An old and worn-out garment: (S, A, O, Mgh, Msb, K:) this is the meaning commonly known: (TA:) or an old and worn-out [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء, not of wool: (IAar, A, K:) and ↓ طُمْرُورٌ signifies the same: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pl. of the former أَطْمَارٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph. [Freytag has assigned to this word, as on the authority of the K, three meanings which the K assigns to طُمْرُورٌ.]

طِمِرٌّ (S, O, K) and ↓ طِمْرٌ (O) and ↓ طِمْرِرٌ and ↓ طُمْرُورٌ (O, K) and ↓ طِمْرِيرٌ (K) and ↓ أُطْمُرٌّ (O, K) A horse in a state of excitement (مُسْتَفِزٌّ [so accord. to my copies of the S, as though for مُسْتَفِزٌّ نَفْسَهُ, or probably a mistranscription for مُسْتَفَزٌّ,]) to leap and run: (S, O: [accord. to my copies of the former, مُسْتَفِزٌّ لِلْوَثْبِ وَالعَدْوِ: in the O, مُسْتَفِزُّ الوَتْبِ وَالعَدْوِ:]) or, accord. to AO, contracted [or compact] in make: (S, O:) and (O) a fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse: (O, K:) and the first, that leaps much; as also ضِبِرٌّ: (O in art. ضبر:) or ↓ طُمْرُورٌ signifies longlegged, and light, or active: or ready, or in a state of preparation, for running: (K:) the fem.

طِمِرَّةٌ is applied metaphorically by a poet to a she-ass as meaning vehement in running. (TA.) b2: And مَكَانٌ طِمِرٌّ A high place. (O.) طُمُرٌّ: see طُمَّرٌ.

طُمُرَّةٌ: see طُمَّرَةٌ.

طِمْرِرٌ: see طِمِرٌّ.

طُمْرُورٌ: see طِمْرٌ: A2: and see طِمِرٌّ, in two places. b2: Also A man (O) possessing nothing: (O, K:) accord. to IDrd, a low, vile, or mean, person, [so I render قَانِصٌ, q. v.,] in evil condition: a dial. var. of طُمْلُولٌ. (O.) And A stranger. (O.) b3: And Dry wood. (O.) A3: and The [bird called] شِقِرَّاق. (O, K.) طِمْرِيرٌ: see طِمِرٌّ.

طَمَارِ, like قَطَامِ, [indecl.,] (S, O, K,) a proper name, (IAar, O,) The high place; (IAar, S, O, K;) as also طَمَارَ, with fet-h. (S, O, K.) One says, اِنْصَبَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ طَمَارِ [He, or it, descended upon him from the high place]: (As, S, O:) Ks said مِنْ طَمَارَ and طَمَارِ. (S. O.) b2: وَقَعَ فِى بَنَاتِ طَمَارِ (A, K, * TA) means (tropical:) He fell into calamities, and hardships, or difficulties: (A:) or calamity: (K, TA:) or trial: and hardship, or difficulty. (TA.) طُمَّرٌ i. q. أَصْلٌ; as also ↓ طِمَّوْرٌ: (O, K:) so the former signifies in the saying, لَأَرُدَّنَّهُ إِلَى طُمَّرِهِ [app. meaning I will assuredly reduce him to the utmost point, or degree, to which he can be reduced: see a similar phrase voce أَصْلٌ]. (O, TA.) b2: And one says, فُلَانٌ طُمَّرُ شَرٍّ Such a one is evil in the utmost degree. (IAar, T in art. درن.) b3: And أَنْتَ فِى طُمَّرِكَ الَّذِى كُنْتَ فِيهِ, (so in copies of the K and in the TA,) or ↓ طُمُرِّكَ, (so in the O,) i. e. فِى غِرَّتِكَ وَجَهْلِكَ [Thou art in thy state of inexperience and ignorance in which thou wast formerly]: (O, K:) but [SM says] the right reading is فى غَرْبِكَ i. e. in thy [state of] sharpness, and briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: in some copies of the K, عَزْمِكَ وَجَهْدِكَ; and in some, عُرْيِكَ وَجَهْدِكَ; which are both mistranscriptions: (TA:) a saying mentioned by Fr. (O.) طُمَّرَةٌ, (so in copies of the K and accord. to the TA,) with damm to the ط, and teshdeed and fet-h to the م; (TA;) or ↓ طُمُرَّةٌ, with two dammehs, and teshdeed to the ر; (O, and so accord. to the TK; [and this I think most probably the right;]) The first period of شَبَاب [i. e. youthfulness, or young manhood, &c.]: (O, K:) so in the saying mentioned and expl. by Fr, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى طُمُرَّةِ شَبَابِهِ [That was in the first period of his youthfulness, &c.]. (O.) طِمَّوْرٌ: see طُمَّرٌ.

طَامِرٌ (tropical:) The flea; (S, O;) [because of its leaping;] and (O) so طَامِرُ بْنُ طَامِرٍ: (A, O, K:) pl. طَوَامِرُ. (TA.) One says, أَشْهَرُ مِنْ طَامِرِ بْنِ طَامِرٍ i. e. (tropical:) [More commonly known] than the flea. (A, TA.) b2: And طَامِرُ بْنُ طَامِرٍ means also (assumed tropical:) The remote, who, as well as his father, is unknown: (K:) or the man (S, O) who is unknown, (O,) or whose place whence he comes is unknown. (S.) طَامُورٌ: see what next follows.

طُومَارٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ طَامُورٌ (K) A piece of paper, or skin, on which something is written; syn. صَحِيفَةٌ: (A, K:) [generally, a roll, or scroll;] a paper folded or rolled up (MA, and Har p. 254, each in explanation of the former word,) and written upon: (Har ibid.:) [a مِسَرَّة (an instrument in which one speaks secretly) is described in the S and K as being like a طُومَار: and this word is particularly applied, but perhaps as a post-classical term, to a roll of papyrus, or to paper made of papyrus; being syn. with قِرْطَاسٌ used in this sense: (see De Sacy's “ Rel. de l'Égypte par Abd-Allatif,” p. 109, where ElKindee is cited to this effect:) see also سِجِلٌّ:] طُومَارٌ is said to be a foreign word introduced into the Arabic language; but ISd thinks it to be genuine Arabic, because Sb reckons it among the words that are Arabic in form, and asserts it to be quasi-coordinate to فُسْطَاطٌ: (TA:) the pl. is طَوَامِيرُ. (S, A, K, &c.) [قَلَمُ طُومَارٍ is a modern term for A sort of large handwriting.]

أُطْمُرٌّ: see طِمِرٌّ.

مِطْمَرٌ The builder's زِيج, (S, O,) also called إِمَامٌ and تُرٌّ; (O;) [i. e.,] like these two words, it signifies the cord which the builder extends to make even, thereby, the row of stones or bricks of the building; (T in art. ام;) the builder's cord, or line, with which he proportions (K, TA) the building; (TA;) as also ↓ مِطْمَارٌ: (K, TA:) ↓ the مِطْمَار in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz is the شَاقُول, (O,) which is a wooden implement, used by the sowers of the land at El-Basrah, (Lth, K, TA, all in art. شقل,) two cubits long, (Lth and TA ibid.,) or a staff a cubit long, (A and TA in art. بقل,) having upon its head [or rather end] a زُجّ [or pointed iron], (Lth and K and TA in art. شقل, and A and TA in art. بقل,) upon which one of them puts the end of a rope, and then he sticks it in the ground, and keeps it in its place firmly by stretching the rope [app. for the purpose of making even a row of seeds or the like]. (Lth and TA in art. شقل.) Hence, (O,) أَقِمِ المِطْمَرَ, said to one relating a trad., means (tropical:) Rectify thou the tradition, and correct its expressions, (O, K, TA,) and trim it, and be veracious in it. (O, TA.) And ↓ هُوَ يَطْمُرُ عَلَى مِطْمَارِ

أَبِيهِ, expl. in the first paragraph. (A, K. *) المُطْمِرَاتُ: see المُطَمِّرَاتُ.

مُطَمَّرٌ (tropical:) Accumulated; applied to householdgoods (مَتَاع): and also applied to property (مَال) [in the same sense]. (A, TA.) b2: And, with ة, applied to a she-ass, (tropical:) Long, and firm in make, (A, O, K, TA,) as though rounded, or rolled up, like as is the طُومَار [or scroll]. (A, * TA.) A2: العَظَائِمُ المُطَمَّرَاتُ, occurring in a trad., (O, TA,) as some relate it, (TA,) means The [great] sins that are hidden, or concealed: (O, TA:) or, as others relate it, the latter word is ↓ المُطَمِّرَاتُ, (TA,) which means that destroy [the sinner]. (K, TA.) الأُمُورُ المُطَمِّرَاتُ (so in two copies of the S, in the PS ↓ المُطْمِرَات, in one of my copies of the S المطْمِرَاتُ, and in the other of those copies omitted,) The affairs, or events, that destroy, or cause destruction. (S.) See also the next preceding paragraph.

مِطْمَارٌ: see مِطْمَرٌ, in three places.

A2: Also A man (K) wearing أَطْمَار [i. e. old and worn-out garments]. (O, K.) مَطْمُورٌ [pass. part. n. of طَمَرَ, q. v. b2: Also] High: and low: thus having two contr. meanings. (TA.) مَطْمُورَةٌ A hollow, or cavity, dug in the ground, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) widened in the lower part, (TA,) in which wheat is hidden, (S, Mgh,) or grain: (TA:) a house, chamber, cell, or cellar, constructed in the ground: (IDrd, Mgh, Msb:) pl. مَطَامِيرُ. (A, Mgh.) b2: And A prison, or place of confinement. (TA.)