حتف

1 حَتَفَ, aor. ـِ is a verb mentioned by IKoot and IKtt and others, as derived from حَتْفٌ signifying “ death,” though J says that no verb is formed from this word; as IF and Meyd and Az also assert: (MF, TA:) and حُتُوفٌ is its inf. n., as well as pl. of حَتْفٌ: [accord. to SM, it is intrans., signifying He died; for he says,] hence the saying in the A, المَرْءُ يَسْعَى وَيَطُوفُ وَعَاقِبَتُهُ الحُتُوفُ [Man labours, and goes about: and his end is dying]. (TA.) [But see what follows.]

A2: IF says that no verb is formed from حَتْفٌ signifying “ death; ” and so, after him, J; and Az says that he had heard no such verb: but IKoot mentions حَتَفَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَتْفٌ, as signifying He, or it, killed him; or caused him to die. (Msb.) حَتْفٌ Death: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) pl. حُتُوفٌ. (S, K.) You say, مَاتَ حَتْفَ أَنْفِهِ, (A 'Obeyd, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and حَتْفَ فِيهِ, but this is rare, and حَتْفَ أَنْفَيْهِ, (K,) which may mean مَنْخِرَيْهِ, or it may mean أَنْفه وَفَمه, the انف being made predominant, (TA,) He died upon his bed; (A 'Obeyd, Mgh, Msb, K;) [a natural death;] respiring until he yielded his last breath; (Msb;) not from slaughter, nor beating, (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K,) nor drowning, nor burning, (A 'Obeyd, Sgh, Msb, K,) nor by a wild beast, &c.: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) the nose is particularized as meaning that the spirit passes forth from it with the breath; or because they imagined that the spirit of the sick man passes forth from his nose, and that of the wounded man from his wound; (IAth, K;) or because the spirit passes forth from the mouth and the nose, and the latter of these is made predominant: (O, TA:) and حتف is put in the accus. case in the manner of an inf. n. (TA.) This phrase was used in the time of paganism, by Es-Semow-al: (Msb, TA:) or, accord. to some, in the phrase attributed to him, the right reading is not مات حتف انفه, but مات فِى فِرَاشِهِ; and the former was first used by Mohammad. (Ham p. 52.) It is said of a human being: (S, Mgh:) and then of any animal when it dies without any accidental cause: (Mgh:) hence, of a fish that has died, and floats upon the water. (Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Ámir Ibn-Fuheyreh, وَالمَرْءُ يَأْتِى حَتْفُهُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِ [And man, his death comes from above him]: meaning that his caution and his cowardice will not repel from him the decree of death when it befalls him: originally said by 'Amr Ibn-Mámeh. (L, TA.) A2: حَيَّةٌ حَتْفَةٌ [A dead serpent] is a phrase like اِمْرَأَةٌ عَدْلَةٌ: (Z, TA:) the latter word is here an epithet. (Z, K.)

حبق

1 حَبَقَ, (S, Msb, K,) said of a goat, (Lth, TA,) or mostly said of the camel and of the goat, (K,) and sometimes of a man, (TA,) or حَبَقَتْ, said of a she-goat, (Msb,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَبِقٌ (S, K) and حَبْقٌ (Msb, K) and حُبَاقٌ, (K,) He, or she, broke wind. (S, Msb, K.) b2: [Hence,] يَحْبِقُونَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) They revile such a one; and act in an ignorant, or a silly, or foolish, and a wrong manner towards him. (TA.) حَبْقٌ: see حَبِقٌ.

حَبَقٌ [The mentha pulegium of Linn., or pennyroyal; so generally called in the present day, in Egypt and other countries; accord. to Golius, applied by the Moors and Egyptians to ocimum (i. e. basil), which, he says, the Easterns call حبق النبطى; but he should have said الحَبَقُ النَّبَطِىُّ, which see below;] a certain plant of sweet odour, (K,) of sharp flavour, the leaves whereof are like those of the خِلَاف [q. v.] ; of which one kind grows in the plains, and another on the mountains; not depastured; (TA;) called in Persian الفُوتَنْجُ, (K, in the CK الفُوتَنَجُ,) or الفُوذَنْجُ, (S,) or پُودِينَهْ: (TA:) AHn says, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, that it is a cause of diminishing the seminal fluid; that the horse rolls upon it and it diminishes his seminal fluid; and it is put into the pillow which is placed beneath the head of a man and it diminishes his seminal fluid: (TA:) it resembles the sweet-smelling plant called the نَمَّام [q. v., in the CK, erroneously, ثُمام]; (K, * TA;) and grows abundantly by water: (TA:) [a coll. gen. n.: n. un. with ة: and] pl. حِبَاقٌ. (IKh, TA.) b2: حَبَقُ المَآءِ and حَبَقُ التِّمْسَاحِ [Mentha aquatica, or water-mint,] الفُوتَنْجُ النَّهْرِىُّ; (K;) so called because it grows upon the sides of rivers, and because the crocodile eats of it much. (TA.) b3: حَبَقُ القَنَا, or حَبَقُ الفِيلِ, [Marjoram, sweet marjoram,] المَرْزَنْجُوشُ. (K.) b4: حَبَقُ الرَّاعِى [Common artemisia, or mugwort,] البِرِنْجَاسَفُ [or البَرَنْجَاسَفُ]. (K, TA: in the CK البِرِنْجَاسَفُ.) b5: حَبَقُ البَقَرِ [Chamomile] البَابُونَجُ. (K.) b6: حَبَقُ الشُّيُوخِ [Marum; so called in the present day;] المَرْوُ; (K;) also called رَيْحَانُ الشُّيُوخِ. (TA.) b7: الحَبَقُ الصَّعْتَرِىُّ and الحَبَقُ الكَرْمَانِىُّ [Basilroyal] الشَّاهِسْفَرَمُ [from the Persian شَاهْ سِفَرَمْ or شَاهْ سِپَرَمْ &c.]; (K, TA; in the CK الشّاهَسْفَرَمُ;) which is the Sultán of the رَيَاحِين; also called الرَّيْحَانُ المُطْلَقُ; and which is sown in houses. (TA.) b8: الحَبَقُ القَرَنْفُلِىُّ [Common clinopodium, or wild basil,] الفَرَنْجَمُشْكَ; (K, TA; in the CK الفَرَنْجَمُشْكَ;) [a word of Persian origin,] meaning the musk of the Franks. (TA.) b9: الحَبَقُ النَّبَطِىُّ, i. e. رَيْحَانُ الحَمَاحِمُ [which is Garden-basil: الحَمَاحِمُ is said in the K, art. حم, to be الحَبَقُ البُسْتَانِىُّ, with wide leaves; also called الحَبَقُ النَّبَطِىُّ]. (TA.) b10: حَبَقُ تُرُنْجَانٍ [Melissa, citrago, balm-mint, or balm-gentle,] الباذرنجبويه. (TA.) b11: الحَبَقُ الرَّيْحَانِىُّ What is eaten of المُقْلُ المَكِّىُّ [see art. مقل]. (K.) حَبِقٌ, (S, O, L, TA,) in the K, erroneously, حِبْق, (TA,) Emission of wind from the anus, with a sound; (S, O, L, K, TA;) mostly used in relation to camels and sheep or goats; (K;) accord. to Lth, in relation to goats; but sometimes used in relation to human beings; a simple subst., as well as an inf. n.; (TA;) as also ↓ حُبَاقٌ (K) and ↓ حَبْقٌ. (TA.) حَبْقَةٌ A single emission of wind from the anus, with a sound: (K:) or a slight emission thereof. (IDrd, TA.) يَا حَبَاقِ is said to a female slave, [in reviling her, meaning O thou stinking one !] (K,) like as one says to her يَا دَفَارِ. (TA.) حُبَاقٌ: see حَبِقٌ.

عُذْقُ الحُبَيْقِ, (As, S, Msb,) or, accord. to Málik Ibn-Anas, عَذْقُ ابْنِ الحُبَيْقِ, (Msb,) and لَوْنُ الحُبَيْقِ, (S, and TA in art. جعر,) or عَذْقٌ حُبَيْقٌ, (K, in the CK عِذْقٌ حُبَيْقٌ,) A sort of دَقَل, of bad quality: (As, S:) or dates such as are termed دَقَل; (Msb, K;) dust-coloured, small, and somewhat long; of bad quality: (As:) so called because of their badness; (Msb;) or so called in relation to [a man named] Ibn-Hobeyk. (TA.) It is said in a trad., نَهَى عَنْ لَوْنَيْنِ مِنَ التَّمْرِ الجُعْرُورِ وَ لَوْنِ الحُبَيْقِ [He (Mohammad) forbade two sorts of dates; the جعرور and لون الحبيق]: (S:) or نَهَى عَنِ الجُعْرُورِ وَ عَذْقِ الحُبَيْقِ: (Msb:) meaning, in the case of the poor-rate. (S, Msb.)

حرق

1 حَرَقَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَرْقٌ: see 4.

A2: حَرَقَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حَرْقٌ, (S,) He filed it: and he rubbed one part of it with another. (S, K.) b2: And hence, (S,) حَرَقَ نَابَهُ, aor. ـُ and حَرِقَ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He ground his dog-tooth, so that it made a grating sound: (S, K:) when said of a stallion-camel, denoting threatening: and, accord. to IDrd, when the like is said of a she-camel, it is asserted to denote a consequence of fatigue. (TA.) And الأَسْنَانَ ↓ حَرَّقَ (K and TA in art. رعظ) He grated the teeth. (TA in that art.) One says, فُلَانٌ يَحْرُقُ عَلَيْكَ الأُرَّمَ غَيْظًا (S, A *) Such a one grinds together the ارّم [or teeth, or molar teeth, (as the word is generally understood to mean in this case, but other meanings are assigned to it,)] at thee [in anger, or rage], like one filing: (A, TA:) or, as some say, الأُزَّمَ [the canine teeth]: and the verb is also used without the objective complement, because the meaning is understood. (Ham p. 115.) IDrd makes the act to be that of the canine tooth; saying, حَرَقَ نَابُ البَعِيرِ, meaning The canine tooth of the camel made a grating sound. (TA.) AHát also mentions the saying, فُلَانٌ يَحْرُقُ نَابُهُ عَلَىَّ [Such a one's canine tooth makes a grating sound at me]: and Zuheyr uses the phrase يَحْرُقُ نَابُهُ عَلَيْهِ. (Ham p. 286.) b3: حَرْقٌ also signifies The act of eating to the uttermost. (IAar, TA.) A3: حَرُقَ He (a man) was, or became, evil in disposition. (TA.) A4: حَرَقٌ, as an inf. n., [i. e. of حَرِقَ,] signifies A garment's, or cloth's, being burnt by beating [with too much violence]. (KL.) b2: And The springing forth, or shooting forth, vehemently, of lightning. (KL.) A5: حَرِقَ شَعَرُهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَرَقٌ, (TA,) His hair fell off piecemeal. (S, K.) [And حَرِقَتِ النَاصِيَةُ The forelock of the horse became thin, or scanty: for it is said that] الحَرَقُ in relation to the ناصية is like السَّفَا. (TA.) And حَرِقَتِ اللِّحْيَةُ The beard was, or became, shorter upon the chin than upon the two sides of the face. (TA.) A6: حَرِقَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرَقٌ, His حَارِقَة [q. v.] became cut, or severed: said of a man: in speaking of a camel, حُرِقَ, like عُنِىَ, is more commonly used than حَرِقَ. (TA.) 2 حرّقهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيقٌ: see 4. b2: تحريق also signifies Fire's making a mark, or impression, upon a thing. (TA.) b3: حرّق الإِبِلَ, said of pasturage, (K,) [particularly] of what is termed حَمْض, (S,) It made the camels thirsty. (S, K.) A2: See also 1.3 حَارَقَهَا, (K,) inf. n. مُحَارَقَةٌ, (S,) He lay with her (S, K) [عَلَى الحَارِقَةِ, i. e.] on the side. (K.) 4 أَحْرَقَتْهُ النَّارُ, inf. n. إِحْرَاقٌ, (Msb,) [The fire burned him.] And احرقهُ بِالنَّارِ (S, Msb, K) [He burned him, or it, with fire]: this phrase, and بالنار ↓ حَرَقَهُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْقٌ, (TA,) signify the same; as also ↓ حرّقهُ: (K:) or this last [signifies he burned him, or it, much, or frequently, or repeatedly; for it] denotes muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action. (S, Msb, TA.) b2: [Hence, احرقهُ (assumed tropical:) It pained him; or caused him burning pain: said of beating, or a blow; and of a galling, or chafing; and of fever, passionate desire, rage or anger, hunger, &c.] And أَحْرَقَنَا فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one afflicted, distressed, annoyed, molested, or hurt, us. (TA.) And احرقهُ بِاللِّسَانِ (assumed tropical:) He blamed, upbraided, or reproached, him; detracted from his reputation. (Msb.) and احرق البَرْدُ الكَلَأَ [(assumed tropical:) The cold nipped, shrunk, shrivelled, or blasted, the herbage; like أَنْضَجَ, q. v.; and like the Lat. “ ussit,” and “ adussit: ” comp. Virgil, Georg. i. 93, “Boreæ penetrabile frigus adurat: ” and Lucan, iv. 52, “Urunt montana nives: ” and Ecclesiasticus, xliii. 20 and 21, “ When the cold north wind bloweth, and the water is congealed into ice, it abideth upon every gathering together of water, and clotheth the water as with a breastplate: it devoureth the mountains, and burneth the wilderness, and consumeth the grass as fire ”]: (S and K voce حَسَّ:) and [in like manner] احرق النَّبَاتَ is said of heat, and of cold, and of a wind, and of other banes, or causes of mischief or harm. (TA.) And احرقهُ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, destroyed, or caused to perish, him, or it. (TA.) b3: You say also, أَحْرِقْ لَنَا فِى هٰذِهِ القَصَبَةِ نَارًا Give thou, or bring thou, to us, upon this cane, some fire. (IAar, TA.) A2: Also احرق He made, or prepared, what is termed حَرِيقَة. (K.) 5 تَحَرَّقَ see 8. b2: [Hence,] هُوَ يَتَحَرَّقُ جُوعًا (assumed tropical:) [He burns with hunger]: like يَتَضَرَّمُ. (TA.) 8 إِحْتَرَقَ احتراق [It burned, or became burnt,] بِالنَّارِ [with fire]: and ↓ تحرّق [it burned, or became burnt, much, or frequently, or repeatedly]: each is a quasi-pass.; (S Msb, K, TA;) [the former, of احرق or حَرَقَ; and the latter, of حرّق.] b2: [Hence,] one says of a horse, يَحْتَرِقُ فِى عَدْوِهِ [(assumed tropical:) He is fiery, ardent, or vehement, in his running]. (S.) And احتراق النَّبَاتُ [(assumed tropical:) The plant, or plants, or herbage, became nipped, shrunk, shrivelled, or blasted: see 4]: this is said of a consequence of heat, and of cold, and of a wind, and of other banes, or causes of mischief or harm. (TA.) And احترقت الفِضَّةُ (assumed tropical:) The silver became black. (Har p. 114.) And احترق (assumed tropical:) He, or it, perished. (TA.) حَرْقٌ: see حَرَقٌ, in two places.

حُرْقٌ (assumed tropical:) An angry man. (TA.) حَرَقٌ [A burning by means of fire;] a subst. (Mgh, Msb) from الإِحْرَاقُ, (Mgh,) [i. e.] from

إِحْرَاقُ النَّارِ: (Msb:) or fire, (S, Msb, K,) itself; (Msb;) [the fire of a burning house &c.;] as also ↓ حَرِيقٌ (Mgh) and ↓ حَارِقَةٌ: (K:) or the flame of fire. (IAar, Th, Mgh, K.) The first is meant in the saying, ضَالَّةُ المُؤْمِنِ حَرَقُ النَّارِ [The straybeast of the believer is a cause of the burning of fire]: (Mgh:) or it here signifies the flame of fire: a trad., meaning that if any one takes the stray-beast of a believer to possess it, his doing so will bring him to the flame of the fire [of Hell]. (Az, Mgh, TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) الحَرَقُ شَهَادَةٌ, (Mgh, TA,) i. e. [Burning, or] fire, [or flame, is a cause of one's receiving the reward of martyrdom:] occurring in another trad. (TA.) You say also فِى حَرَقِ اللّٰهِ In the fire of God. (S.) and ↓ أَلْقَى اللّٰهُ الكَافِرَ فِى حَارِقَتِهِ, i. e. [May God cast the unbeliever] into his fire. (TA.) b2: A burn, (S,) or a mark of burning, (K,) in a garment, or piece of cloth, from the beating (S, K) of the washer, and whitener, and the like; (K;) and so, sometimes, ↓ حَرْقٌ: (S:) or the former, a hole thus caused in a garment, or piece of cloth; (IAar, Mgh, TA;) and so, sometimes, ↓ the latter; which also signifies a hole caused by fire, in a garment, or piece of cloth. (Mgh.) حَرِقٌ A cloud lightening vehemently. (S, K.) b2: Sharp; as though having the quality of burning; applied to an iron head or blade of an arrow or a spear or sword &c.; (TA;) and so ↓ حُرَقَةٌ and ↓ حُرَّاقَةٌ and ↓ حَارُوقَةٌ, applied to swords. (K.) A2: See also حَرِيقٌ.

A3: حَرِقُ الشَّعَرِ Having the hair falling off piecemeal: (S, K:) and حَرِقُ الجَنَاحِ has a similar meaning; (S, TA;) i. e. [having the feathers of the wing falling off piecemeal: or] short in the wing: or having it cut off. (TA.) And رِيشٌ حَرِقٌ Feathers falling off, and becoming scattered, by degrees. (TA.) and لِحْيَةٌ حَرِقَةٌ A beard that is shorter upon the chin than upon the two sides of the face. (TA.) b2: Also, حَرِقٌ, A man having the extremities much chapped: (K:) so some say. (TA.) b3: See also مَحْرُوقٌ.

حَرْقَةٌ: see what next follows.

حُرْقَةٌ [A state of burning;] a subst. from اِحْتَرَقَ; as also ↓ حَرِيقٌ. (S, K.) Thus the latter means in the Kur [lxxxv. 10], ↓ وَ لَهُمْ عَذَابُ الحَرِيقِ [And for them shall be the punishment of burning: as in other passages in the Kur]. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A burning such as a man experiences from the taste of a thing in which is heat, or from love, or grief; (TA;) and such as is experienced in the eye from ophthalmia, and in the heart from pain: (Lth, TA:) heat; as in the phrase, فِى جَوْفِهِ حُرْقَةٌ [(assumed tropical:) In his belly, or chest, is heat]; and so ↓ حَرْقَةٌ and ↓ حَرِيقَةٌ. (K.) حُرَقَةٌ: see حَرِقٌ.

حُرْقَانٌ A rubbing together of the thighs. (S, K.) حُرَاقٌ: see حِرَاقٌ, in two places. b2: (assumed tropical:) A horse that runs much: (K:) or حُرَاقُ العَدْوِ a horse that is fiery, ardent, or vehement, (يَحْتَرِقُ,) in his running. (S.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Very salt water; (S, K;) as also ↓ حُرَّاقٌ: (K:) as though it burned the fauces of the drinker: (TA:) or such as is exceeded [in saltness] by nothing; that makes the urine of the camels to burn; as also قُعَاعٌ. (IAar, TA.) A2: Also, (S, K, &c.,) and ↓ حُرَاقَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and ↓ حُرَّاقٌ, (K,) or this is vulgar, (O, TA,) and ↓ حُرَّاقَةٌ, or this is incorrect, (K,) or vulgar, (S, O,) and ↓ حَرُوقٌ and ↓ حَرُّوقٌ (Fr, O, K) and ↓ حَرُوقَآءُ, (Fr, S, O, K,) [Tinder; i. e.] a thing, (S, K,) or burnt rag, (AHn, ISd, TA,) into which fire falls when it is struck: (AHn, S, ISd, K, TA:) or what remains of burnt cloth: (Mgh:) [and any substance used for receiving fire that is struck; as, for instance, the pith of the عُشَر.]

حِرَاقٌ, applied to fire, (نَارٌ,) That burns everything; as also ↓ حُرَاقٌ: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) that spares, or leaves, nothing. (IAar, K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man that spoils, mars, destroys, or consumes, everything; (IAar, K;) sparing nothing; like the fire thus termed; (IAar, TA;) as also ↓ حُرَاقٌ. (K.) In some copies of the K, مَنْ يُفْسِدُ فِى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ; but correctly, without فى. (TA.) b3: رَمْىٌ حِرَاقٌ (assumed tropical:) A vehement throwing or casting or shooting. (K.) حَرُوقٌ: see حُرَاقٌ.

حَرِيقٌ: see the next paragraph.

حَرَقٌ: see حَرَقٌ: b2: and see also حُرْقَةٌ, in two places. b3: Heat, or (assumed tropical:) cold, or a wind, or some other cause of mischief or harm, that burns, or (assumed tropical:) nips, shrinks, shrivels, or blasts, (يُحْرِقُ,) herbage. (TA.) A2: Also i. q. ↓ مُحْرَقٌ, [i. e. Burnt,] (Mgh, Msb,) and so ↓ مَحْرُوقٌ: (TA:) pl. of the first حَرْقَى; like قَتْلَى and جَرْحَى, pls. of قَتِيلٌ and جَرِيحٌ. (Mgh.) Thus, in a trad., الحَرِيقُ شَهِيدٌ [The burnt is a martyr]: (Mgh:) or ↓ الحَرِقُ, i. e. he who falls into fire, and takes fire and burns. (TA.) A3: The grating sound of the dogtooth by reason of anger, or rage; as also ↓ حُرُوقٌ. (TA.) حُراقَةٌ: see حُرَاقٌ.

حَرُوقَةٌ: see حَرِيقَةٌ.

حَرِيقَةٌ: see حُرْقَةٌ.

A2: Also, (Yaakoob, S, K,) and ↓ حَرُوقَةٌ, (K,) A kind of food, (K,) thicker than what is termed حَسَآء; (Yaakoob, S, K;) like نَفِيتَة: (S:) or water, (K,) i. e. hot water, (TA,) upon which a little flour is sprinkled, and which swells, or becomes inflated, in boiling, (K, TA,) and becomes of a whitish dust-colour: it is licked up with the tongue: and is also called تفيتة: they made use of it in hard and dear times, and when the cattle were lean, and when the season was severe: (TA:) or it was made by sprinkling flour upon water or fresh milk until it swelled, and became [like] what is termed حساء: a man used to satisfy his household with it when fortune overcame him: and it is also called نفيتة: (ISk, Az, TA:) pl. حَرَائِقُ. (S.) One says, وَجَدْتُ بَنِى

فُلَانٍ مَا عَيْشٌ إِلَّا الحَرَائِقُ [I found the sons of such a one having no means of subsistence other than the messes of the kind called حرائق]. (S.) حَرُوقَآءُ: see حُرَاقٌ.

حُرَّاقٌ: see حُرَاقٌ, in two places: A2: and see also مَحْرُوقٌ, in two places.

حَرُّوقٌ: see حُرَاقٌ.

حَرَّاقَةٌ A kind of ship, (Lth, S, K, *) [built] at El-Basrah, (K,) in which are engines for throwing fire upon the enemy at sea, or on a large river: (Lth, S, K:) accord. to some, such an engine itself: (ISd, TA:) accord. to the A, [a bark;] a light-going skip: (TA:) [it is often used in this last sense in post-classical works:] pl. حَرَّاقَاتٌ (K) [and حَرَارِيقُ]. b2: Also the former pl., The places of those who fry [meat &c.], and of the makers of charcoal: (Lth, K:) of the dial. of the people of El-Basrah. (Lth, TA.) حُرَّاقَةٌ: see حَرِقٌ: A2: and see also حُرَاقٌ.

حَارِقَةٌ The act of copulation upon the side. (Z, TA.) [See 3.]

حَارِقَةٌ: see حَرَقٌ, in two places.

A2: الحَارِقَتَانِ The heads [of the bones] of the two thighs, in the two hips: or two sinews in the two hips: (S, K:) when these are severed, the man walks upon the extremities of his toes, and cannot do otherwise: when one so walks by choice, you say that he is مُكْتَامٌ, part. n. of اِكْتَامَ: (IAar, TA:) the حارقة is also explained as being the sinew that connects the thigh and the hip: or the sinew that connects the head [of the bone] of the thigh and that [of the bone] of the upper arm, which turn in the صَدَفَة [or socket] of the hip and of the shoulderblade: when it is severed, it never unites: or a sinew in the خُرْبَة [or socket of the hip], that suspends [the bone of] the thigh to the hip, and by means of which the man walks: it is said that when the حارقة is displaced, the man becomes lame. (TA.) b2: Also, the sing., The side of the body. (AHeyth, TA.) حَارُوقَةٌ: see حَرِقٌ.

مُحْرَقٌ: see حَرِيقٌ.

المُحَرِّقُ A certain idol, of Bekr Ibn-Wáïl, (K,) which was in Selmán. (TA.) مَحْرُوقٌ: see حَرِيقٌ.

A2: Having his حَارِقَة [q. v.] severed; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حَرِقٌ; which latter is [said to be] the more common: (TA:) [but this I doubt:] or, as some say, (S,) having his kip dislocated: (S, K:) [pl. of the latter, deviating from rule, ↓ حُرَّاقٌ, occurring in a verse below.] The ràjiz says, (S,) namely, Aboo-Mohammad El-Hadhlamee, (TA,) describing a pastor, (S,) يَظَلُّ تَحْتَ الفَنَنِ الوَرِيقِ يَشُولُ بِالمِحْجَنِ كَالمَحْرُوقِ

[He continues, or continues during the day, beneath the leafy branch, raising the crookedheaded stick, like the محروق]: i. e. he stands upon one leg, stretching himself up towards the branches, and drawing them to him with the محجن, and shaking off their leaves for the camels: (S, TA:) or he stands upon the extremities of his toes, [see حَارِقَةٌ,] in order to reach the branch and bend it to his camels. (ISd, TA. But see another meaning of the last word, below.) And another says, هُمُ الغِرْبَانُ فِى حُرُمَاتِ جَارٍ

الوُرُوكِ ↓ وَفِى الأَدْنَيْنَ حُرَّاقُ [They are like the crows in respect of the sacred rights of a neighbour; and in respect of inferiors, like those who are dislocated in the hips, or who have the sinews of the hip-joints severed]: i. e., when a neighbour having a sacred right to respect alights among them, they are like the crow, which loaths not the gall on the back nor that which is unclean; and in wrongful treatment of their inferiors, like the محروق, who walks with an inclining of the body (يَمْشِى مُتَجَانِفًا); and they abstain from aiding and defending them. (S, TA.) A3: Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, in the saying of the rájiz cited above, it means (TA) The iron instrument with which one roasts meat; syn. سَفُّود. (K, TA.)

حرم

1 حَرُمَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حُرْمٌ (Msb, K) and حُرُمٌ (Msb) and حُرْمَةٌ (IKoot, S, Msb) and حِرْمَةٌ (IKoot, Msb) and حَرَامٌ, (Msb, K,) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful, (Msb,) عَلَيْهِ to him. (S, K.) And حَرُمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حُرْمٌ (S, K) and حُرُمٌ (K,) and حُرُومٌ; (Az, TA;) and حَرِمَت, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرَمٌ [in the CK حَرْم] and حَرَامٌ; (Msb, K, TA;) Prayer was, or became, forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful, (Msb,) عَلَيْهَا to her; (T, S, K;) namely, a woman (T, S, K) menstruating. (S.) and حَرُمَ السَّحُورُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ [The meal before daybreak was, or became, forbidden to the faster]. (K.) And حَرُمَتِ المَرْأَةُ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. حُرْمٌ and حَرَامٌ, [The woman was, or became, forbidden to her husband.] (Az, TA.) b2: [Also It (a place, a possession, a right, an office or a function, a quality, a command or an ordinance, &c.,) and he, (a person,) was, or became, sacred, or inviolable, or entitled to reverence, respect, or honour; whence several applications of its part. n. حَرِيمٌ, q. v.]

A2: حَرَمَهُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K;) and حَرِمَهُ الشئ, aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. حَرِمٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِرْمٌ and حَرِمَةٌ (K) and حِرْمَةٌ and حِرْمَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَرِيمَةٌ (S, K) and حَرِيمٌ (K) and مَحْرَمَةٌ; (Har p. 69;) and ↓ احرمهُ الشئ, (S, Msb, K,) but this last is of weak authority; (K;) He denied him, or refused him, the thing; (S, K;) he refused to give him the thing: (TA:) he rendered him hopeless of the thing: (PS:) accord. to the T, حِرْمٌ signifies the act of denying or refusing [a thing]; and حِرْمَةٌ is the same as حِرْمَانٌ; (TA;) which signifies [also the denying, or refusing, a thing; or] the rendering unprosperous, or unfortunate; (KL;) [and frequently, as inf. n. of the pass. v. حُرِمَ, the being denied prosperity; privation of prosperity; ill-fatedness: see its syn. حُرْفٌ.]

A3: حَرِمَتْ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حِرَامٌ; (K;) and ↓ استحرمت; (S, K;) said of a female cloven-hoofed animal, She desired the male: (S, K:) accord. to El-Umawee, (S,) likewise said of a she-wolf and of a bitch: (S, K:) and sometimes also said of a she-camel: but mostly of a ewe or she-goat. (TA.) A4: حَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرَمٌ, (S,) accord. to Az and Ks, (S,) He was overcome in contending for stakes, or wagers, in a game of hazard, (S, K,) not having himself overcome therein. (K.) A5: Also حَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَرَمٌ, (TA,) He persisted; or persisted obstinately; or persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling; or he contended, litigated, or wrangled. (K.) 2 حرّمهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) said of God, (K,) and of a man, (S, Msb,) He forbade it, prohibited it, or made it unlawful, (S, Msb, K, *) عَلَيْهِ to him; (S;) as also ↓ احرمهُ, (S, * Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْرَامٌ. (S.) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ at the commencement of prayer is termed تَكْبِيرَةُ التَّحْرِيمِ [The تكبيرة of prohibition], because it prohibits the person praying from saying and doing anything extraneous to prayer: and it is also termed ↓ تكبيرةُ الإِحْرَامِ, meaning the تكبيرة of entering upon a state of prohibition by prayer. (TA.) It is said in a trad., of Ibn-'Abbás, إِذَا حَرَّمَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَهِىَ يَمِينٌ يُكَفِّرُهَا [When the man declares his wife to be forbidden to him, it is an oath, which he must expiate]: for the تَحْرِيم of a wife and of a female slave may be without the intention of divorce. (TA.) and حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلَى نَفْسِى, occurring in another trad., [lit. I have forbidden myself wrongdoing, said by Mohammad,] means I am far above wrongdoing. (TA.) تَحْرِيمٌ [as the inf. n. of حُرِّمٌ] means The being refractory, or untractable; [as though forbidden to the rider;] whence مُحَرَّمٌ [q. v.] applied to a camel. (TA.) b2: [Also He made, or pronounced, it, or him, sacred, or inviolable, or entitled to reverence or respect or honour; whence المُحَرَّمُ applied to the حَرَم of Mekkeh, &c:] he, or it, made him, or it, to be reverenced, respected, or honoured. (KL.) A2: He bound it hard; namely, a whip. (KL.) b2: He tanned it incompletely [so that it became, or remained, hard]; namely, a hide. (KL.) A3: See also 4, in two places.4 احرام, [inf. n. إِحْرَامٌ,] He entered upon a thing [or state or time] that caused what was before allowable, or lawful, to him to be forbidden, or unlawful. (S, * Msb. [See also 5.]) And hence, (S, Msb,) He purposed entering upon the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة: (Msb:) or he (the performer of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة) entered upon acts whereby what was allowable, or lawful, to him became forbidden, or unlawful; (K, TA;) as venereal intercourse, and the anointing of oneself, and wearing sewed garments, and hunting and the like: (TA:) you say, احرام بِالحَجِّ and بِالعُمْرَةِ, because what was allowable to the person became forbidden; as the killing of objects of the chase, and [venereal intercourse with] women. (S.) And He entered into the حَرَم, i. e. Mekkeh or El-Medeeneh, (K, TA,) or the sacred territory of cither of those cities: (TA:) or he entered into a sacred, or an inviolable, state; or into a state of security or safety, (S, K, TA,) being assured by a compact, or bond, that he should not be attacked [&c.]: (TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) he entered upon a sacred month; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ حرّم, (K, TA, [in the CK حَرَمَ,]) inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ. (TA.) And He entered [as a subject] into the covenanted state of security of the government of the Khaleefeh. (TA.) 'Omar said, الصِّيَامُ إِحْرَامٌ [Fasting is a state of prohibition], because the faster is prohibited from doing that which would break his fast. (Sh, TA.) And الرَّجُلُ يُحْرِمُ فِى

الغَضَبِ, a saying of El-Hasan, means The man swears in anger, because he becomes prohibited thereby (بِهِ ↓ لِتَحَرُّمِهِ) [from doing, or refraining from, a thing]. (TA.) See also 2, second sentence. b2: احرام عَنْهُ He refrained from it [as though he were prohibited from doing it]. (ElMufaddal, TA.) A2: احرمهُ: see 2, first sentence. b2: See also 1.

A3: Also He overcame him in contending for stakes, or wagers, in a game of hazard; (Az, Ks, S, K;) and so ↓ حرّمهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ. (TA.) 5 تحرّم [He became in a state of prohibition]: see 4. [Thus it is similar to 4 in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above. Like as you say, احرم بِالحَجِّ and بِالعُمْرَةِ, so] you say, تحرّم بِالصَّلَاةِ [He became in a state of prohibition by prayer; i. e.] he pronounced the تَكْبِير [or تَكْبِيرَةُ التَّحْرِيمِ, also termed تَكْبِيرَةُ الإِحْرَامِ, (see 2,)] for prayer; he entered upon prayer. (MA.) b2: [Also He protected, or defended, himself.] Yousay, تحرّم مِنْهُ بِحُرْمَةٍ, meaning تمنّع and تحمّى

[He protected, or defended, himself] بِذِمَّةٍ [by a compact, or covenant, whereby he became in a state of security or safety, or by a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety]; (K;) or بِصُحْبَةٍ

[by companionship]; or بِحَقٍّ [by a right, or due]. (TA.) And تحرّم بِصُحْبَتِهِ [He protected, or defended, himself by his companionship: or, as explained in the PS, he sought protection, or security, by his companionship]. (S.) b3: Also [He was, or became, entitled to reverence, respect, or honour; or] he possessed what entitled him to reverence, respect, or honour. (KL.) 8 احترمهُ He held him in reverence, respect, or honour; he reverenced, respected, or honoured, him. (MA.) [See حُرْمَةٌ. Golius and Freytag explain اِحْتَرَمَ as meaning “ Dignitate et præsidio venerabilis fuit: ” but it is the pass., اُحْتُرِمَ, that has this meaning; or rather, he was held in reverence, &c.; was reverenced, &c.]10 استحرم [He deemed himself in a state of prohibition]. It is said in a trad., of Adam, اِسْتَحْرَمَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ ابْنِهِ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ لَمْ يَضْحَكْ [He deemed himself in a state of prohibition, after the death of his son, a hundred years, not laughing]: from أَحْرَمَ signifying “ he entered into a sacred, or an inviolable, state. ” (TA.) A2: استحرمت, said of a female cloven-hoofed animal, &c.: see 1.

حَرْمٌ: see حِرْمٌ.

حُرْمٌ The state of إِحْرَام (Az, S, K) on account of the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة; (Az, TA;) as also ↓ حِرْمٌ. (K in art. حل. [See 4 in the present art.]) Hence the saying, فَعَلَهُ فِى حُلِّهِ وَحُرْمِهِ, and ↓ فِى حِلِّهِ وَ حِرْمِهِ, He did it when he was free from احرام and when he was in the state of احرام. (K in art. حل.) And hence the saying of 'Áïsheh, respecting Mohammad, كُنْتُ أُطَيِّبُهُ لِحُلِّهِ وَحُرْمِهِ, i. e. [I used to perfume him when he was free from احرام and] when he was in the state of احرام: (S, Msb: *) or when he became free from احرام and when he performed the ablution and desired to enter upon the state of احرام for the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة. (Az, TA.) [حُرْمُكَ in copies of the K, explained as meaning نِسَاؤُكَ وَ مَا تَحْمِى, is a mistranscription for حُرَمُكَ: see حُرْمَةٌ.]

حِرْمٌ: see حُرْمٌ, in two places.

A2: See also حَرَامٌ, in two places. b2: وَ حِرْمٌ عَلَى قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُونَ, (S, * K, * TA,) in the Kur [xxi. 95], (TA,) thus read by some, (S, TA,) means وَاجِبٌ [i. e. It is a necessary lot of the people of a town that we have destroyed that they shall not return] (S, K, TA) to their present state of existence: (TA:) so explained by Ks, (S, TA,) and by I'Ab and Fr and Zj: (TA:) some read ↓ حَرْمٌ: (Bd:) the people of El-Medeeneh read ↓ حَرَامٌ; meaning forbidden; and accord. to this reading and meaning, لا is redundant: (TA:) [or حَرَامٌ in this instance is syn. with وَاجِبٌ, like حِرْمٌ; for it is said that] the explanation of Ks is confirmed by the saying of 'Abd-er-Rahmán Ibn-Jumáneh [in the TA حمانة, app. for جُمَانَة,] ElMuháribee, a Jáhilee, لَا أَرَى الدَّهْرَ بَاكِيًا ↓ فَإِنَّ حَرَامًا عَلَى شَجْوِهِ إِلَّا بَكِيتُ عَلَى عَمْرٍو [For it is a necessary thing that I should not ever see one weeping for his sorrow but I should weep for 'Amr]. (TA.) حَرَمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is sometimes syn., like as زَمَنٌ is with زَمَانٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) b2: [Hence,] الحَرَمُ The حَرَم [or sacred territory] of Mekkeh, (Lth, Az, Msb, * K,) upon the limits of which were set up ancient boundary-marks [said to have been] built by Abraham; (Az, TA;) also called حَرَمُ اللّٰهِ and حَرَمُ رَسُوِلِ اللّٰهِ (K) and ↓ المُحَرَّمُ: (Lth, K:) also the حَرَم of El-Medeeneh: (Msb:) [and Mekkeh itself: and El-Medeeneh itself:] and الحَرَمَانِ [the sacred territory of Mekkeh and that of El-Medeeneh: and] Mekkeh [itself] and El-Medeeneh [itself]: pl. أَحْرَامٌ: (K:) and حَرَمُ اللّٰهِ is also applied to Mekkeh [itself]. (S.) b3: See also حَرِيمٌ, in two places.

حَرِمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. (TA.) Zuheyr says, وَ إِنْ خَلِيلٌ يَوْمَ مَسْأَلَةٍ

يَقُولُ لَا غَائِبٌ مَالِى وَ لَا حَرِمُ [And if a friend come to him, on a day of solicitation, he says, My cattle are not, or my property is not, absent, nor forbidden, or refused]: (S, IB, TA:) [in the S, this is cited as an ex. of حَرِمٌ as syn. with حِرْمَانٌ, which is an inf. n. of حَرَمَهُ, q. v.: but] IB says that حَرِم means مَمْنُوع: (TA:) يقول in this verse is marfooa though commencing an apodosis, because meant to be understood as put before [in the protasis], accord. to Sb; as though the poet said, يَقُولُ إِنْ أَتَاهُ خَلِيلٌ: accord. to the Koofees, it is so by reason of فَ understood. (S, TA.) حُرْمَةٌ The state of being forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful: (KL:) [and of being sacred, or inviolable; sacredness, or inviolability: (see حَرُمَ, of which it is an inf. n.:)] and the state of being revered, respected, or honoured. (KL.) See also مَحْرَمٌ. b2: Also, (Az, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ حُرُمَةٌ, (Mgh, K,) and ↓ حُرَمَةٌ, (K,) Reverence, respect, or honour; (Az, K, TK;) a subst. from اِحْتِرَامٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) like فُرْقَةٌ from اِفْتِرَاقٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ signifies the same; but properly, a place of حُرْمَة: (Mgh:) pl. of the first حُرَمَاتٌ and حُرُمَاتٌ and حُرْمَاتٌ, like غرفات pl. of غُرْفَةٌ. (Msb) When a man has relationship [to us], and we regard him with bashfulness, we say, لَهُ حُرْمَةٌ [Reverence, &c., is due to him; or is rendered to him]. (Az, TA.) And we say, لِلْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِ حُرْمَةٌ [Reverence, &c., to the Muslim is incumbent on the Muslim]. (Az, TA.) b3: Also A thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ: (Msb:) as, for instance, a man's honour, or reputation: (TK:) a thing which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour [and defend]: (Jel in ii. 190:) a thing of which one is under an obligation to be mindful, observant, or regardful: (Bd ibid.:) [everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of a person: a thing that one is bound to do, or from which one is bound to refrain, from a motive of reverence, respect, or honour: (see the next sentence:) and any attribute that renders the subject thereof entitled to reverence, respect, or honour:] the pl. of حُرْمَةٌ is حُرُمَاتٌ (Bd and Jel ubi suprà, and TA) [and حُرَمَاتٌ and حُرْمَاتٌ, as above,] and حُرَمٌ; (Msb;) and that of ↓ مَحْرَمٌ [and ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ] is مَحَارِمُ; (Msb;) and مَحْرَمَاتٌ and مَحْرُمَاتٌ [also] are pls. of ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ. (As, S.) حُرُمَاتُ اللّٰهِ means [The inviolable ordinances and prohibitions of God: or] the ordinances of God, and other inviolable things: (Bd and Jel * in xxii. 31:) or what it is incumbent on one to perform, and unlawful to neglect: (Zj, K:) or all the requisitions of God relating to the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage and to other things: (Ksh in xxii. 31:) or the حَرَم [or sacred territory] and the requisitions relating to the pilgrimage: (Bd ubi suprà:) or the requisitions relating to the pilgrimage in particular: (Ksh ubi suprà:) or the Kaabeh and the sacred mosque and the sacred territory and the sacred month and the person who is in the state of إِحْرَام: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) or the inviolability (حُرْمَة) of the sacred territory and of the state of إِحْرَام and of the sacred month: (TA:) or Mekkeh and the pilgrimage and the عُمْرَة, and all the acts of disobedience to God which He has forbidden: (Mujáhid, TA:) or [simply] the acts of disobedience to God. ('Atà, TA.) b4: and [hence, because it should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable,] i. q. ذِمَّةٌ [A compact, a covenant, or an obligation; and particularly such as renders one responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a person or thing, or for the restoration of a thing, or for the payment of a sum of money, &c.; or by which one becomes in a state of security or safety: and simply responsibility, or suretiship: and security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter: or an obligation, a duty, or a right, or due, that should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable, or the nonobservance of which is blameable]. (K.) b5: and [hence also] A man's حُرَم [i. e. his wives, or women under covert,] and his family: (S:) and [in like manner the pl.] حُرَمٌ, accord. to the K حُرْمٌ, but correctly like زُفَرٌ, (TA,) a man's wives, or women [under covert], (K, TA,) and his household, or family, (TA,) and what he protects, or defends; as also مَحَارِمُ, of which the sing. is ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ: (K, TA:) and hence حُرْمَةٌ is applied by the vulgar to signify a wife. (TA.) [In Har, p. 377, a man's حُرْمَة is said to mean his حَرَم and his family: and in p. 489, a man's حَرَم is said to mean his family and his wives and those whom he protects, or defends. See also حَرِيمٌ.] b6: Also A share, portion, or lot; syn. نَصِيبٌ. (K.) حِرْمَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَرَمَةٌ (Lh, S, K) The desire of a female cloven-hoofed animal, (K,) or of a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) and of a she-wolf and of a bitch, (K,) for the male: (S, K:) حَرَمَةٌ in ewes, or she-goats, is like ضَبَعَةٌ in she-camels, and حِنَآءٌ in ewes. (S.) It is also used, in a trad., in relation to male human beings. (K.) It is said in a trad., respecting those whom the hour [of the resurrection] shall overtake, تُبْعَثُ عَلَيْهِمُ الحِرْمَةُ وَ يُسْلَبُونَ الحَيَآءَ, i. e. Venereal desire [shall be made to befall them, and they shall be bereft of shame]. (S.) حَرَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حُرَمَةٌ: see حُرْمَةٌ.

حُرُمَةٌ: see حُرْمَةٌ.

حَرْمَى, applied to a female cloven-hoofed animal, (K,) or to a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) and to a she-wolf and to a bitch, (K,) Desiring the male: pl. حِرَامٌ and حَرَامَى, (S, K,) like عِجَالٌ and عَجَالَى, (S,) or the latter pl. is حُرَامَى; (so accord. to some copies of the K [like عُجَالَى];) as though its masc., if it had a masc., were حَرْمَانُ. (S.) A2: حَرْمَى وَ اللّٰهِ means the same as أَمَا وَ اللّٰهِ [Verily, or now surely, by God]; (K;) as also حَزْمَى وَ اللّٰهِ. (K in art. حزم.) حِرْمِىٌّ, applied to a man, Of, or belonging to, the حَرَم: fem. حِرْمِيَّةٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) [In the TA it is said that Mbr mentions two forms of the epithet حرميّة as applied to a woman: it does not specify what these are; but one seems to be حُرْمِيَّةٌ, for he says that it is from the phrase وَ حُرْمَةِ البَيْتِ

“ by the sacredness of the House ” of God.] Az says, on the authority of Lth, that when they applied the rel. n. from الحَرَمُ to anything not a human being, [as, for instance, to a garment, or piece of cloth,] they said ↓ ثَوْبٌ حَرَمِىٌّ: (Msb:) [but] they also said حِرْمِيَّةٌ, (S,) or سِهَامٌ حِرْمِيَّةٌ, (Msb,) meaning Arrows of the حَرَم: (S, Msb:) and حِرْمِيَّةٌ [also, or قَوْسٌ حِرْمِيَّةٌ,] meaning A bow made of a tree of the حَرَم. (Ham p. 284.) b2: Also A man of the حَرَم whose food was eaten by a pilgrim, and in whose clothes this pilgrim performed his circuiting round the Kaábeh: and a pilgrim who ate the food of a man of the حَرَم, and performed his circuiting round the Kaábeh in this man's clothes: each of these was called the حِرْمِىّ of the other: every one of the chiefs of the Arabs who imposed upon himself hardship, or strictness, in his religious practices had a حرمىّ of the tribe of Kureysh; and when he performed the pilgrimage, would not eat any food but that of this man, nor perform his circuiting round the Kaabeh except in this man's clothes. (TA.) حَرَمِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حَرَامٌ Forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful: and sacred, or inviolable; as in the phrases البَيْتُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred House of God (i. e. the Kaabeh)] and المَسْجِدُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred Mosque of Mekkeh] and البَلَدُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred Town or Territory]: (Msb:) contr. of حَلَالٌ; (S;) as also ↓ حَرَمٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ حِرْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَرِمٌ [q. v.] (TA) [and in its primary sense ↓ حَرِيمٌ] and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) the pl. [of حَرَامٌ, agreeably with analogy,] is حُرُمٌ; (K;) and ↓ مَحَارِمُ also is a pl. of حَرَامٌ, contr. to rule, (TA,) and signifies things forbidden by God. (K.) See also حِرْمٌ. b2: حَرَامَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ, (as in some copies of the S,) or حَرَامُ اللّٰه لا افعل, (as in other copies of the S and in the K,) is a saying like يَمِينَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ, or يَمِينُ اللّٰه لا افعل: (S, K:) it may mean a declaration that the wife or the female slave shall be forbidden [to him who utters it], without the intention of divorcing [thereby the former, or of emancipating the latter; so that it may be rendered, according to the two different readings, I imprecate upon myself, or that which I imprecate upon myself is, what is forbidden of God, if I do it: I will not do such a thing: in like manner, عَلَىَّ الحَرَامُ is often said in the present day]. (TA. [See 2.]) b3: [اِبْنُ حَرَامٍ An illegitimate son: and a disingenuous, or dishonest, person.]

b4: شَهْرٌ حَرَامٌ [A sacred month]: (Msb:) pl. حُرُمٌ. (S, Msb, K.) الأَشْهُرُ الحُرُمُ [The sacred months] (S, * Msb, K) were four; namely, ذُو القَعْدَةِ and ذُو الحِجَّةِ and المُحَرَّمُ and رَجَبٌ; (S, Msb, K;) three consecutive, and one separate: (S, Msb:) in these the Arabs held fight to be unlawful; except two tribes, Khath'am and Teiyi; unless with those who held these months as profane. (S, TA.) b5: حَرَامٌ applied to a man signifies Entering into the حَرَم [or sacred territory of Mekkeh or of El-Medeeneh, or Mekkeh or El-Medeeneh itself]; and is applied also to a woman; and to a pl. number: (TA:) or i. q. ↓ مُحْرِمٌ (S, Msb) as meaning [in, or entering upon, the state of إِحْرَام: i. e. entering upon the performance of those acts of the حَجّ, or of the عُمْرَة, whereby certain things before allowable, or lawful, to him became forbidden, or unlawful; (see 4;) or] purposing to enter upon the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة: (Msb:) as also ↓ حِرْمٌ: you say, أَنْتَ حِلٌّ and انت حِرْمٌ [Thou art one who has quitted his state of إِحْرَام and thou art in, or entering upon, the state of احرام]: (TA:) the pl. of حَرَامٌ thus applied is حُرُمٌ: (S, Msb:) the fem. of ↓ مُحْرِمٌ is with ة; and the pl. masc.

مُحْرِمُونَ; and the pl. fem. مُحْرِمَاتٌ. (Msb.) b6: See another meaning voce حِرْمٌ.

حِرَامٌ: see حَرِيمٌ.

حَرُومٌ A she-camel that does not conceive when covered. (AA, K. [In the CK, مُغْتاطَة is erro neously put for مُعْتَاطَة.]) حَرِيمٌ: see حَرَامٌ. b2: [Hence,] The appertenances, or conveniences, (حُقُوق and مَرَافِق S, Msb, K,) that are in the immediate environs, (S, Msb,) of a thing, (Msb,) or of a well &c., (S,) or that are adjuncts [or within the precincts] of a house; (K;) because it is forbidden to any but the owner to appropriate to himself the use thereof: (Msb:) or, of a well, the place where is thrown the earth that has been dug out, (K, TA,) and the walking place on either side; in the case of a well dug in a waste land that has no owner, said in a trad. to be forty cubits: (TA: [but see بَدِىْءٌ:]) and of a river, or rivulet, or canal, the place where the mud is thrown out, and the walking-place on each side: (TA:) and of a house, the interior part upon which the door is closed: (Ibn-Wásil ElKilábee, TA:) or the interior part, or middle, (قَصَبَة,) thereof: (T, TA:) [and particularly the women's apartments, and the portion that is for bidden to men who are not related to the women within the prohibited degrees of marriage:] and the court of a mosque: (T, TA:) [and in general,] a place which it is incumbent on one to defend [from intrusion]: (Ham p. 492:) a thing that one protects, and in defence of which one fights; [and particularly, like حُرْمَةٌ as used by the vulgar, a man's wife; and also his female slave; or any woman under covert; and, like حُرَمٌ, pl. of حُرْمَةٌ, as used in the classical language, his wives, or women under covert, and household;] as also ↓ حَرَمٌ: pl. حُرُمٌ, (K,) the pl. of حَرِيمٌ; (TA;) and أَحْرَامٌ, (K,) which is the pl. of ↓ حَرَمٌ. (TA.) b3: A partner, copartner, or sharer. (K.) b4: A friend: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ حَرِيمٌ صَرِيحٌ Such a one is a genuine, or sincere, friend. (TA.) b5: The garment of the مُحْرِم (S, K,) [which he wears during the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة;] called by the vulgar ↓ إِحْرَامٌ and ↓ حِرَامٌ (TA.) b6: The clothes which the مُحْرِمُون used to cast off, (S, * K, TA,) when, in the time of paganism, they performed the pilgrimage to the House [of God, at Mekkeh], namely, those that were upon them when they entered the حَرَم [or sacred terri tory,] (TA,) and which they did not wear (K, TA) as long as they remained in the حَرَم: (TA:) for the Arabs used to perform their circuiting round the House naked, with their clothes thrown down before them during the circuiting; (T, S, TA;) they saying, “We will not perform the circuiting round the House in clothes in which we have committed sins, or crimes: ” and the woman, also, used to perform the circuiting naked, except that she wore a رَهْط of thongs. (TA.) A poet says, كَفَى حَزَنًا مَرِّى عَلَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُ لَقًى بَيْنَ أَيْدِى الطَّائِفِينَ حَرِيمُ [Sufficiently grievous is my passing by him as though he were a thing thrown away, a cast-off garment of a مُحْرِم, before those performing the circuiting round the Kaabeh]. (S.

حَرِيمَةٌ Anything eagerly desired, or coveted, that escapes one, so that he cannot attain it. (S.) And حَرِيمَةُ الرَّبِّ That which the Lord denies to whomsoever He will. (K.) حَارِمٌ Denying, refusing, or refusing to give. (TA.) b2: هُوَ بِحَارِمِ عَقْلٍ, (so in the copies of the K,) or مَا هُوَ بِحَارِمِ عَقْلٍ, (so in the TA,) means He has intellect, or intelligence: (K:) a phrase mentioned, and thus explained, by Az: and so بِعَارِمِ عَقْلٍ. (TA.) [The right reading is evidently that given in the TA.]

إِحْرَامٌ inf. n. of 4.

A2: See also حَرِيمٌ.

مَحْرَمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. (S, Mgh, Msb.) [And see an ex. voce حَدٌّ.] b2: See also حُرْمَةٌ, in three places. b3: Also A female relation whom it is unlawful to marry: (T, Msb:) [and such a male relation likewise:] and رَحِمْ مَحْرَمٌ relationship that renders it unlawful to marry. (K.) You say, هِىَ لَهُ مَحْرَمٌ [She is a relation to him such as it is unlawful for him to marry]: and هُوَ لَهَا مَحْرَمٌ and هُوَ مَحْرَمُ مِنْهَا (Mgh) and هُوَ ذُو مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهَا he is one whom it is unlawful for her to marry, (S,) and ذُو رَحِمٍ

مَحْرَمٍ and ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٌ, applying محرم as an epithet to رحم and to ذو; (Mgh, Msb;) and ذُو فِى القَرَابَةِ ↓ حُرْمَةٍ: (Ham p. 669:) and in the case of a woman, ذَاتُ رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ. (Msb.) b4: مَحَارِمُ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) The fearful places of the night, (IAar, S, K, TA,) which the coward is forbidden to traverse. (IAar, S, TA.) [See also مَخَارِمُ, pl. of مَخْرَمٌ.]

مُحْرِمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, in two places: Contr. of مُحِلٌّ: and as such signifying [also] one with whom it is unlawful to fight: (S:) or, as such, whom it is unlawful to slay: (TA in art. حل:) and, as such also, one who has a claim, or covenanted right, to protection, or safeguard. (S in art. حل.) Er-Rá'ee says, قَتَلُوا ابْنِ عَفَّانَ الخَلِيفَةَ مُحْرِمًا (S,) meaning [They slew ('Othmán) Ibn-' Affán, the Khaleefeh,] while entitled to the respect due to the office of Imám and to the [sacred] city and to the [sacred] month: for he was slain [in ElMedeeneh and] in [the month of] Dhu-l-Hijjeh. (Ham p. 310.) And one says, إِنَّهُ لَمُحْرِمُ عَنْكَ Verily he is one whom it is unlawful for thee to harm: (K:) or for whom it is unlawful to harm thee: (IAar, Th:) or whom it is unlawful for thee to harm and for whom it is unlawful to harm thee. (Az, TA.) And مُسْلِمٌ مُحْرِمٌ A Muslim is secure, as to himself and his property, by the respect that is due to El-Islám: or a Muslim refrains from the property of a Muslim, and his honour, or reputation, and his blood. (TA.) b2: One who is at peace with another. (IAar, K.) b3: One who is in the حَرِيم of another. (K.) You say, هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِنَا He is in our حَرِيم. (TA.) b4: Fasting, or a faster: because the faster is prohibited from doing that which would break his fast. (TA.) b5: And, for a like reason, Swear ing, or a swearer. (TA.) مَحْرَمَةٌ and مَحْرُمَةٌ pl. مَحَارِمُ (K) and مَحْرَمَاتٌ and مَحْرُمَاتٌ: (As, S:) see each voce حُرْمَةٌ, in four places.

مُحَرَّمٌ [Forbidden, prohibited, or made un lawful: and made, or pronounced, sacred, or in violable, or entitled to reverence or respect or honour]. It is said in a trad., أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الصُّورَةَ مُحَرَّمَةُ, i. e. [Knowest thou not that the face is] forbidden to be beaten? or that it has a title to reverence or respect or honour? (TA.) b2: المُحَرَّمُ The first of the months (S, Msb, K, * TA) of the year (Msb) of the Arabs [since the age of pagan ism]; (TA;) the article ال being prefixed because it is originally an epithet; but accord. to some, it is not prefixed to the name of any other month; or, accord. to some, it may be prefixed to صفر and شوّال: (Msb:) and [in the age of paganism, the seventh month, also called] شَهْرُ اللّٰهِ الأَصَبُّ (K, TA.) [الاصبّ being app. a dial. var. of الأَصَمُّ,] i. e. رَجَبٌ; [for] Az says, the Arabs used to call the month of رَجَب in the age of paganism, الأَصَمُّ and المُحَرَّمُ; and he cites the saying of a poet, أَقَمْنَا بِهَا شَهْرَىْ رَبِيعٍ كِلَاهُمَا وَشَهْرَىْ جُمَادَى وَاسْتَحَلُّوا المُحَرَّمَا [We stayed in it during the two months of Rabeea, both of them, and the two months of Jumádà; and they made El-Moharram to be profane; app. by postponing it, as the pagan Arabs often did]: the Arabs called it thus because they did not allow fighting in it [unless they had postponed it]: (TA:) the pl. is مُحَرَّمَاتٌ (Msb, K) and مَحَارِمُ and مَحَارِيمُ. (K.) b3: See also حَرَمٌ — مُحَرَّمٌ applied to a camel means Refractory, or untractable: (TA:) [or,] thus applied, [like عَرُوضٌ, q. v.,] submissive in the middle part, [but] difficult to be turned about, [i. e. stubborn in the head,] when turned about: (K: [in the CK, الذَّلُولُ الوَسَطُ is erroneously put for الذَّلُولُ الوَسَطِ: in my MS. copy of the K, الذَّلُولُ الوَسط:]) and with ة a she-camel not broken, or not trained: (TA:) or not yet completely broken or trained: (S, TA:) and مُحَرَّمَةُ الظَّهْرِ a she-camel that is refractory, or untractable; not broken, or not trained: in this sense heard by Az from the Arabs. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) A skin not tanned: (K:) or not completely tanned: (S:) or tanned, but not made soft, and not thoroughly done. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) A new whip: (K:) or a whip not yet made soft. (S, A, TA.) b6: (tropical:) An Arab of the desert rude in nature or disposition, chaste in speech, that has not mixed with people of the towns or villages. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) The part of the nose that is soft in the hand. (K.) مَحْرُومٌ Denied, or refused, a gift: (Msb, * TA:) or denied, or refused, good, or prosperity: (Az, K:) in the Kur lxx. 25, (I' Ab, S,) [it has this latter, or a similar, meaning;] i. q. مُحَارَفٌ [q. v.]; (I' Ab, S, K;) who hardly, or never, earns, or gains, anything: (K:) or who does not beg, and is therefore thought to be in no need, and is denied: (Bd:) and who has no increase of his cattle or other property: (K:) opposed to مَزْرُوقٌ: (Az, TA:) accord. to some, who has not the faculty of speech, like the dog and the cat &c. (Har p. 378.) b2: Held in reverence, respect, or honour; reverenced, respected, or honoured; and so ↓ مُحْتَرَمٌ. (KL. [But the latter only is commonly known in this sense.]) مَحَارِمُ an anomalous pl. of حَرَامٌ, q. v.: (TA:) b2: and pl. of مَحْرَمَةٌ and مَحْرُمَةٌ: (K:) b3: and also of المُحَرَّمُ. (K.) مَحَارِيمُ a pl. of المُحَرَّمُ. (K.) مُحْتَرَمٌ [erroneously written in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag مُحْتَرِمٌ]: see مَحْرُومٌ.

حشم

1 حَشِمَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَشَمٌ, (Msb,) He was, or became, angry; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احتشم: (Msb:) or the latter signifies he became angered. (TA.) b2: And He was, or became, confounded and stupified by shame; or ashamed and confounded or stupified, and remained speechless and motionless. (Msb.) See also 8.

A2: حَشَمَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْمٌ; (Msb;) or حَشِمَهُ, aor. ـَ (K;) He angered him; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احشمهُ, (IAar, S, Msb, K,) and ↓ حشّمهُ. (K.) And, accord. to Az (S) and El-Fárábee, (Msb,) حَشَمَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and حَشُمَ, (K,) He annoyed him, (S, Msb, K,) and said to him what he disliked, (K,) and angered him; (S, Msb;) namely, a man sitting with him. (S, Msb, K.) An Arab of chaste speech is related to have said, بَنِى فُلَانٍ ↓ ذٰلِكَ مِمَّا يُحْشِمُ, meaning That is of the things that anger the sons of such a one. (S.) b2: Accord. to IAar, (S,) حَشَمَهُ signifies He caused him to become confounded and stupified by shame; or to become ashamed and confounded or stupified, and to remain speechless and motionless; (S, K;) as also ↓ احشمهُ: (S, Msb, K:) and both signify it caused him to be affected with shame, shyness, or bashfulness; or to shrink; as in the saying, to one shrinking from food, مَا الَّذِى حَشَمَكَ, or ↓ أَحْشَمَكَ, What caused thee to be affected with shame, &c.? (TA.) A3: حَشَمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حُشُومٌ, He became fat, or in a good condition of body, after leanness. (K.) And حَشَمَتِ الدَّابَّةُ فِى أَوَّلِ الرَّبِيعِ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْمٌ, (TA,) or حُشُومٌ, (TK,) The beast obtained somewhat of the [herbage called]

ربيع, in the beginning thereof, and became fat, and in good condition, and large in the belly, (K, TA,) and goodly: (TA:) or, as En-Nadr says, حَشَمَتِ الدَّوَابُّ the beasts became in good condition. (S.) b2: مَا حَشَمَ مِنْ طَعَامِنَا He ate not of our food (K, TA) aught. (TA.) b3: مَا حَشَمَ الصَّيْدَ He hit not, or obtained not, or found not, the game, or object of the chase. (K.) A4: حَشَمَ, inf. n. حَشْمٌ (TA) and حُشُومٌ, (K,) He was, or became, fatigued, tired, or wearied. (K, TA.) The Arabs say, الحُسُومُ يُورِثُ الحُشُومَ Labour, or toil, occasions fatigue. (Yoo, TA.) 2 حَشَّمَ see 1.4 أَحْشَمَ see 1, in four places.5 تَحَشَّمَ see 8. b2: You say also, هُوَ يتحَشَّمُ المَحَارِمَ He guards against things forbidden. (TA.) 8 احتشم: see 1. b2: Also He felt, or had a sense of, or was moved or affected with, shame, or shyness, or bashfulness. (Msb.) احتشم مِنْهُ (S, Mgh, K) and عَنْهُ, (K,) and احتشمهُ, (S, Mgh,) or this last is not allowable except when مِنْ is meant to be understood, (TA,) signify the same; (S, Mgh;) i. e. He was ashamed of it, or abashed at him; or was ashamed to do it, or shy of doing it: (Mgh, K:) or it signifies, (Mgh,) or signifies also, (K,) he shrank from it, or him: (Mgh, K:) or, as some say, thus used it is vulgar; for حِشْمَةٌ, with the Arabs, is only anger: (Mgh:) but IB cites, from Kutheiyir, إِنِّى مَتَى لَمْ يَكُنْ عَطَاؤُهُمَا عِنْدِى بِمَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُ أَحْتَشِمُ as meaning [Verily I, when the gift of them two in my possession is not for what I have done,] am ashamed, or abashed: and in a trad. of 'Alee, respecting the thief, occurs the saying, إِنِّى لَأَحْتَشِمُ

أَنْ لَا أَدَعَ لَهُ يَدًا, meaning Verily I am ashamed not to leave him a hand; and I shrink from it. (TA.) [And ↓ حَشَمَ app. signifies the same; for,] accord. to As, (TA,) [the inf. n.] حُشُومٌ signifies The act of shrinking. (K.) You say also, إِنِّى

مِنْهُ ↓ لَأَتَحَشَّمُ Verily I abstain from it, or refrain from it, to shun blame, or through disdain and pride; disdain, or scorn, it; (أَتَذَمَّمُ مِنْهُ;) and am ashamed of it. (K.) A2: Also He was, or became, master of many حَشَم [or dependents &c.] and servants. (KL.) حَشَمٌ A man's special dependents, consisting of his family and slaves [and others], or his neighbours, who are angry on his account (K, TA) when an event befalls him; (TA;) as also ↓ حُشْمَةٌ; (Yoo, TA;) in the K, erroneously, حَشَمَةٌ; (TA;) and أَحْشَامٌ; (K;) which IAar thinks to be pl. of حَشَمٌ used in a sing. sense; (TA;) [for] this word is applied to one [of such persons] as well as to a pl. number: (K:) you say, هٰذَا الغُلَامُ حَشَمٌ لِى [This young man, or slave, is a dependent of mine]: (IAar, TA:) or حَشَمٌ signifies, (ISk, Mgh, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) a man's relations and household; (ISk, Mgh, Msb, K;) or his servants; (S, Msb;) and those who are angry on his account (ISk, S, Mgh, Msb) when an event befalls him; (Mgh, Msb;) for which reason they are thus called: (S:) or a man's followers; and those on whose account he should be angry: (Ham p. 614:) or the حَشَم of a man are those who are angry on his account; or those on whose account he is angry: (Har p. 164:) accord. to ISk, (Msb,) it is a word having a pl. signification, and having no proper sing.: (Mgh, Msb:) but some say that it has for its pl. أَحْشَامٌ: (Mgh:) and accord. to the K, ↓ حُشَمَآءُ [in the CK حَشْمَاء] signifies neighbours and guests; as though it were pl. of حَشِيمٌ, like as كُرَمَآءُ is of كَرِيمٌ: but [perhaps this should be أَحْشَامٌ; for] we find in the M, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَحْشَامِى, meaning These are my neighbours, and my guests: (TA:) and ↓ حُشُمٌ, with two dammehs, signifies slaves; (IAar, TA;) or, as some say, followers, whether slaves or free persons. (TA.) A2: Also An object of desire or quest; syn. طَلَبَةٌ [in the CK طَلَبَة]; and so ↓ حُشُومٌ. (K.) You say, هُوَ حَشَمُهُ It is his object of desire or quest. (TK.) حُشُمٌ Persons having, or possessing, (ذَوُو, as in the explanation of IAar, for which ذُو is erroneously substituted in the copies of the K, TA,) consummate shame, shyness, bashfulness, or pudency. (IAar, K, TA.) b2: See also حَشَمٌ.

حُشْمَةٌ (in the K, erroneously, حَشَمَةٌ, TA): see حَشَمٌ. b2: Also [in the CK, erroneously, حُشَمَة] A woman, or a wife; syn. مَرْأَةٌ. (K, TA.) A2: I. q.

ذِمَامٌ [app. as meaning protection, safeguard, or security of life and property]. (Yoo, K.) So in the phrase, لَهُ الحُشْمَةُ [Protection, &c., is due to him]. (Yoo, TA.) b2: Relationship. (K.) So in the phrase, فِيهِمْ حُشْمَةٌ [Among them is relationship]. (TA.) A3: See also حَشْمَةٌ.

حِشْمَةٌ Anger. (As, S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: and Shame, shyness, bashfulness, or pudency; (S, Msb, K;) and a shrinking (Lth, Mgh, K, TA) from one's brother in a place of eating, and in seeking, or requesting, a thing that one wants. (Lth, Mgh, TA.) It has been asserted, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) on the authority of As, (Msb, TA,) that it signifies only “anger:” (Mgh, Msb, TA:) but several authors have refuted this assertion, by showing that it occurs in trads. as meaning “shame.” (MF, TA.) b3: Also The act of annoying a person sitting with one, and saying to him what he dislikes; and so ↓ حُشْمَةٌ. (K.) حُشَمَآءُ, in the CK حَشْمَاء: see حَشَمٌ.

حُشُومٌ: see حَشَمٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: It is also an inf. n. of 1. (K.) حَشِيمٌ, (S, K,) in some of the copies of the S حِشِّيمٌ, which is app. a mistake, (TA,) [thus I find it in one of my copies of the S,] i. q. ↓ مُحْتَشَمٌ; (S, K;) i. e. Regarded with reverence, veneration, respect, honour, awe, or fear; (TA;) applied to a man. (S.) حَاشِمٌ A man being, or becoming, fat, or in a good condition of body, after leanness. (TA.) مَحْشُومٌ Angered. (TA.) [But it is implied in the S that it signifies Confounded and stupified by shame; or ashamed and confounded or stupified, and remaining speechless and motionless.] A poet says, لَعَمْرُكَ إِنَّ قُرْصَ أَبِى خُبَيْبٍ

بَطِىْءُ النُّضْجِ مَحْشُومُ الأَكِيلِ [By thy life, verily the round cake of bread of Aboo-Khubeyb is slow in becoming thoroughly baked: the eater is angered, or confounded and stupified by shame, &c.]. (S, TA.) مُحْتَشَمٌ: see حَشِيمٌ.

إِنَّهُ لَمُحْتَشِمٌ بِأَمْرِى Verily he is grieved and disquieted (مُهْتَمٌّ) by my affair, or case. (AA, TA.)

حضن

1 حَضَنَ الصَّبِىَّ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حَضْنٌ and حِضَانَةٌ, He put the child in his حِضْن [i. e. under his arm, or in his bosom]: or he nourished him, reared him, fostered him, brought him up, (K, TA,) and took care of him; (TA;) as also ↓ احتضنهُ. (K, TA.) And حَضَنَتْ وَلَدَهَا, (S, Mgh,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. حِضَانَةٌ, (Mgh,) said of a woman, (S, Mgh, TA,) She put her child in her حِضْن, and [thus] carried him [under her arm,] on one of her two sides: (TA:) it has a similar meaning to the phrase next following: (S:) or it means she had charge of her child, and carried him, and reared him, or fostered him. (Mgh.) b2: حَضَنَ بَيْضَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and عَلَى بَيْضِهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَضْنٌ (Mgh, Msb) and حِضَانَةٌ (Msb, K) and حِضَانٌ and حُضُونٌ, (K,) said of a bird, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He pressed, or compressed, his eggs (S, Msb) to himself, (S,) beneath his wing, (S, Msb,) or beneath his two wings; (so in some copies of the S;) he sat upon his eggs, protecting them with his two sides (بِحِضْنَيْهِ); (Mgh;) he brooded upon his eggs to hatch them: (K:) as also ↓ احتضن. (KL.) b3: حَضَنَ بَيْضَةً تَحْتَ دَجَاجَةٍ

لَهُ حَتَّى أَفْرَخَتْ, meaning He put an egg beneath a hen belonging to him, and made her to sit [or brood] upon it [until it became hatched], if remembered to have been heard [from any of the Arabs of pure speech], is a tropical usage of the verb, like as when one says ” The Emeer built the city: “ otherwise, it is correctly [↓ حَضَّنَ,] with teshdeed. (Mgh.) b4: حَضَنَهُ عَنْ كَذَا, inf. n. حَضْنٌ and حِضَانَةٌ, (tropical:) He made him to turn away, withdraw, or retire, from such a thing, and had it to himself exclusively; (S, K, TA;) as though he put him aside from it, or by its side: he excluded him from participation in it; in which sense مِنْهُ ↓ أَحْضَنَهُ is disapproved: (TA:) he impeded him, or debarred him, from it. (ISd, TA.) It is related in a trad. of Ibn-Mes'ood that, when he made his will, he said, وَ لَا تُحْضَنُ زَيْنَبُ عَنْ ذٰلِكَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) And Zeyneb (his wife) shall not be precluded from looking into that and executing it; namely, his will: or shall not be precluded from it, nor shall any matter [relating to it] be decided without her. (TA.) and you say also, حَضَنَهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ He withheld him from the object of his want; as also ↓ احتضنهُ. (S, ISd, K.) And حَضَنَ مَعْرُوفَهُ, (K,) and حَدِيثَهُ, (TA,) عَنْ جِيرَانِهِ, (K,) and مَعَارِفِهِ, (TA,) inf. n. حَضْنٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He turned his beneficence, (K, TA,) and his discourse, (TA,) from his neighbours, (K, TA,) and his acquaintances, to others: on the authority of Lh. (TA.) A2: حَضَنَتْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حِضَانٌ, (K,) or this is a simple subst., (A 'Obeyd, TA,) She (a ewe [or goat], and a camel, and a woman,) had one of her teats, or breasts, larger than the other. (K.) [See حَضُونٌ.]2 حَضَّنَ see 1.3 فُلَانٌ يُحَاضِنُ النِّسَآءِ [Such a one indulges himself with women in mutual embracing or pressing to the bosom]. (IAar, TA in explanation of the epithet عُقَرَةٌ, q. v.) 4 احضن الطَّائِرَ البَيْضَ He made the bird to sit [or brood] upon the eggs. (Msb.) b2: أَحْضَنَهُ مِنْهُ: see 1. b3: احضن بِحَقِّى (tropical:) He went away with, or took away, my right, or due; (K, TA;) as though he put it by his side. (TA.) b4: احضن الرَّجُلَ, (Az, S, K, *) and احضن بِهِ, (K,) i. q. أَزْرَى بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He held him in little, or light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt; &c.]. (Az, S, K.) 6 تحاضنوا They embraced one another, or pressed one another to the bosom. See also 3.]8 احتضنهُ He put it (a thing) in his حِضْن [i. e. under his arm, or in his bosom]: (S, Msb:) he took it up, and put it in his حِضْن, like as a woman takes up her child, and carries him [in her حضن or] on one of her two sides. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places.

حُضْنٌ: see what next follows.

حِضْنٌ The part beneath the armpit, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) extending to the كَشْح [or flank]: (S, Msb, K:) or the bosom, or breast; syn. صَدْر: [الصَّدْرِ in the CK should be الصَّدْرُ:] and the upper arms with what is between them: (K:) and ↓ مُحْتَضَنٌ signifies the same: (S:) pl. of the former أَحْضَانٌ (Msb, K *) [and accord. to Freytag's Lex. حُضُونٌ also]. b2: The side of a thing, (S, K,) and of a man: (Mgh:) the lateral, or adjacent, part of a thing: pl. أَحْضَانٌ. (S, * K.) حِضْنَا المَفَازَةِ means The two borders [the nearer border and the further] of the desert. (M, TA.) And حِضْنَا اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) The two sides [or first and last portions] of the night. (TA.) And [as the حِضْن of a man or woman is often a place of concealment,] one says, مَا زَالَ يَقْطَعُ أَحْضَانَ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) [meaning He ceased not to traverse the shades of the night]. (TA.) عَلَيْكُمْ بِالحِضْنَيْنِ, in a trad. of 'Alee, means [Keep ye to] the two wings of the army. (TA.) You say also, أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ حَقَّهُ عَلَى

حِضْنِهِ, i. e. Such a one took his right, or due, by force. (TA.) b3: Also (tropical:) The quantity that is carried in the حِضْن. (A.) b4: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حُضْنٌ, (K,) The hole, or den, or subterranean habitation, of the hyena: (S, K:) or the place of hunting, or of capture, of the hyena. (IB, TA.) b5: And, both these words, The circuit, or surrounding part, of a mountain: or its base; or lower, or lowest, part. (K.) Accord. to Az, حِضْنَا الجَبَلِ means The two lateral, or adjacent, parts of the mountain. (TA.) حَضَنٌ Ivory: (ISk, S, K:) the tush of the elephant. (T, TA.) حِضَانٌ The state, or condition, of a ewe, or she-goat, (S, TA,) and of a she-camel, and of a man in respect of his testicles, and of the pudendum muliebre, (TA,) denoted by the epithet حَضُونٌ. (S, TA.) [See also حَضُنَتْ.]

حَضُونٌ A ewe, and a she-camel, and a woman, having one of her teats, or breasts, larger than the other: (K:) or, applied to a ewe or she-goat, i. q. شَطُورٌ; i. e. having one of her teats longer than the other: (S:) or a she-camel, and a she-goat, of which one of her طُبْيَانِ [meaning either two mammæ or two teats] has gone. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) b2: Also A man having one of his testicles larger than the other. (K.) b3: And A pudendum muliebre having the edge of one of its labia majora (i. e. having one of its شُفْرَانِ) larger than the other. (K.) حَضَانَةٌ and حِضَانَةٌ [The office, or occupation, of carrying and rearing or fostering a child: the latter, accord. to the K and the Mgh, is an inf. n.: (see 1, first two sentences:) but accord. to Fei,] each is a subst. from حَاضِنٌ applied to a man, and حَاضِنَةٌ applied to a woman. (Msb.) حَاضِنٌ A man who has the charge of [carrying and] rearing, or nourishing, or fostering, a child: (Msb, * TA:) and حَاضِنَةٌ A woman who has the charge of a child, (S, Mgh, Msb, * K, TA,) who carries him, (Mgh,) and takes care of him, (TA,) and rears, or nourishes, or fosters, him: (S, Mgh, TA:) pl. of the former حُضَّانٌ (TA) [and حَضَنَةٌ (as in a phrase below), agreeably with a general rule: and pl. of the latter, also agreeably with a general rule, حَوَاضِنُ]. b2: [Hence,] هُوَ مِنْ حَضَنَةِ العِلْمِ, (tropical:) i. e. علمته [a mistranscription for غِلْمَتِهِ, meaning He is of the servants of learning, or science]. (TA.) b3: حَمَامَةٌ حَاضِنٌ (Mgh, Msb, TA) and حَاضِنَةٌ (Msb) A pigeon sitting [or brooding] upon its eggs, protecting them with its two sides; (Mgh;) or pressing, or compressing, its eggs beneath its wing. (Msb.) b4: [Hence,] سُفْعٌ حَوَاضِنُ [pl. of حَاضِنَةٌ] (tropical:) Three stones for supporting a cooking-pot, cleaving to the ground, (K, TA,) with the ashes. (TA.) b5: حَاضِنَةٌ also signifies A man's wife: and so حَاصِنَةٌ. (TA.) b6: And a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) having short racemes: (Kr, K:) or one of which the racemes have come forth, and quitted their spathes, and are short in their fruit-stalks. (AHn, K.) مَحْضَنٌ and مَحْضِنٌ The place in which a bird broods upon its eggs to hatch them: (K:) pl. مَحَاضِنُ. (TA.) See also what next follows.

مِحْضَنَةٌ A shallow bowl, made of clay, for the pigeon (K, TA) [to lay its eggs therein, and] to brood therein upon its eggs: (TA:) مَحَاضِنٌ [is its pl.], accord. to rule, pl. of ↓ مَحْضَنٌ [&c., and] signifies the places, in pigeon-towers, in which the pigeons lay their eggs. (Mgh.) [See what next precedes.]

مُحْتَضَنٌ: see حِضْنٌ.

بر

أ1 بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. generally بُرْءٌ or بَرَآءَةٌ,] He was, or became, clear, or free, of, or from, a thing; in the manners which will be explained below: (Bd ii. 51:) he was, or became, in a state of freedom or immunity, secure, or safe. (T.) [Hence,] بَرِئَ مِنَ المَرَضِ, and بَرَأَ, (T, Msb,) aor. ـَ and بَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) inf. n. بُرْءٌ: (T, Msb:) or بَرِئَ من المرض, inf. n. بُرْءٌ, with damm; and the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, inf. n. بَرْءٌ, with fet-h: (S:) accord. to As, بَرِىَ من المرض is of the dial. of Temeem; and بَرَأَ of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz: or, accord. to Az, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ; and the rest of the Arabs say بَرِئَ: (T:) or بَرَأَ [alone], said of a sick man, aor. ـُ and بَرَاَ; and بَرِئَ; and بَرُؤَ; inf. n. بَرْءٌ [probably a mistranscription for بُرْءٌ] and بُرُؤٌ: or, accord. to Lh, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ [i. e.

بُرُوْءٌ]; and the people of El-'Áliyeh, [بَرَأَ,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤُ; and Temeem, بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ: (M:) or بَرَأَ, (K,) said by IKtt to be the most chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and بَرُاَ, (K,) said by Zj to be the only instance of a verb of the measure فَعَلَ with ء for its last radical letter having its aor. of the measure يَفْعُلُ, [though others mention also قَرَأَ, aor. ـْ and هَنَأَ, aor. ـْ and asserted to be a bad form, (TA,) inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُوْءٌ; and بَرُؤَ, (K,) not a chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـُ and بَرِئَ, (K,) a chaste form, (TA,) [and the most common of all,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرْءٌ, (CK,) and بُرُوْءٌ; (K, TA;) He became free from the disease, sickness, or malady: (T:) or [he recovered from it:] he became convalescent; or sound, or healthy, at the close of disease, but was yet weak; or he recovered, but not completely, his health and strength; syn. نِقَهَ; (M, K;) i. e., he acquired that slight degree of soundness, or health, which comes at the close of disease, but with disease remaining in him. (TA.) [And بَرِئَ الجُرْجُ, or بَرَأَ, The wound healed; or became in a healing state: of frequent occurrence.] and بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ, [the only form of the verb used in this case, and in the other cases in which it is mentioned below,] aor. ـَ and بَرُاَ, the latter extr., (M, K,) or rather it is very strange, for IKoot says that نَعِمَ, aor. ـْ and فَضِلَ, aor. ـْ are the only instances of this kind, (TA,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ (M, K) and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M, K) and بُرُؤٌ, (M,) or بُرْءٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرُوْءٌ; (CK;) and ↓ تبرّأ; (S, * M, K, Mgh; *) [He was, or became, free from the thing, or affair; or clear, or quit, thereof; clear of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part therein; guiltless of it: and also, irresponsible for it; as in an ex. q. v. voce عِضَاضٌ:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (Lh, M.) You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ العَيْبِ, (Mgh, Msb,) or العُيُوبِ, (S,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (Mgh,) He was, or became, free (Msb) [from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice], (Mgh, Msb,) [or faults, &c.]. (S.) And بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) or الدُّيُونِ, (S,) aor. ـَ (T, Msb,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) He was, or became, clear, or quit, of the debt; (or debts; S;) irresponsible for it [or them]: or in a state of immunity with respect to it [or them]; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof. (Msb.) And بَرئَ

إِلَيْكَ مِنْ حَقِّكَ, inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M) and بُرُؤٌ, [He was, or became, clear, or quit, to thee, of thy claim, or due, or right; or exempt from the demand thereof;] as also ↓ تبرّأ. (M.) And بَرِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, inf. n. بَرَآءةٌ, [I was, or became, or have become, clear, to thee, of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part with such a one; or, irresponsible to thee for such a one:] (Az, T, S: * [in one copy of the S, I find the phrase بَرِئْتُ مِنْكَ, commencing the art.; but not in other copies:]) this is the only form of the verb used in this case, and in relation to debt [and the like]. (Az, T.) b2: He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, [from unclean things, or things occasioning blame; followed by مِنْ, with which it may be rendered he shunned, or avoided;] syn. تَنَزَّهُ and تَبَاعَدَ. (T.) [You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَقْذَارِ He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, from unclean things.] b3: He manifested an excuse, [or asserted himself to be clear or quit or irresponsible, like ↓ تبرّأ,] and gave warning; syn. أَعْذَرَ and أَنْذَرَ. (T.) Hence, in the Kur [ix. 1], بَرَآءَةٌ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَرَسُولِهِ A manifestation of excuse, and a warning, from God and his apostle. (T.) A2: بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, (Fr, T, S, M, K,) or الخَلِيَقَةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (T, M, &c.,) inf. n. بَرْءٌ (T, S, M, K) and بُرُوْءٌ, (Az, Lh, M, K,) God created mankind, or the beings, or things, that are created, syn. خَلَقَ, (Fr, T, M, Msb, K,) after no similitude, or model, (TA,) [but, properly, though not always meaning so, out of pre-existing matter; for] Bd says [in ii. 51] that the primary meaning of the root برء is to denote a thing's becoming clear, or free, of, or from, another thing; either by being released [therefrom], as in بَرِئَ المَرِيضُ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and المَدْيُونُ مِنْ دَينِهِ [both sufficiently explained above]; or by production [therefrom], as in بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ مِنَ الطِّينِ [God produced, or created, Adam, from, or out of, clay]. (TA.) This verb relates to substances [as in the exs. given above] and to accidents; and hence, [in the Kur lvii. 22,] مِنْ قبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا [Before our creating it, if ها refer to مُصِيبَة, preceding it; but, as Bd says, it may refer to this, or to الأَرْض, or to أَنْفُس]: (M:) but البَرْءُ has a more particular application than الخَلْقُ; the former being particularly applied to the creation of animate beings, with few exceptions: you say, بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ النَّسَمَةَ وَ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ [God created, or produced, man, or the soul, and He created the heavens and the earth]. (TA.) [To this verb, or perhaps to بَرَي, or to both, בָּרָ is the Hebrew equivalent, properly (though not necessarily always) signifying “ he created out of pre-existing matter,” or “ he fashioned. ”]2 برّأهُ, inf. n. تَبْرئَةٌ: see 4, in four places. [Hence,] لَا التَّبْرِئَةِ The لا that denies in a general manner, absolutely, or to the uttermost; i. e. the لا that is a universal negative. (Mughnee &c.) b2: Also He verified his being free [from a thing], clear, or quit, [of it,] guiltless [of it], or irresponsible [for it]. (Mgh, TA.) 3 بارأهُ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) inf. n. مُبَارَأَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) and بِرَآءٌ, (M,) He made him (his copartner) free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, the latter doing to him the same: (Mgh:) he compounded, or made a compromise, with him (his hired man, T, M) for their mutual separation: (M:) he separated himself from him (his copartner, S, O), the latter doing the same. (S, O, K.) And بَارَأْتُ الرَّجُلَ I became free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, to the man, he becoming so to me. (M.) And بارأ المَرْأَةَ, (T, M, K,) or امْرَأَتَهُ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He compounded, or made a compromise, with the woman (or his wife, S) for their mutual separation; (M, K;) i. e. he divorced her for a compensation [which she was to make him, such as her giving up a portion of her dowry remaining due to her, in order that they might be clear, each of the other]: it occurs also [without ء] in art. برى. (TA.) 4 ابرأهُ He (God, S, M, K) [recovered him, or] restored him to convalescence, (M, K,) مِنَ المَرَضِ [from the disease, sickness, or malady]. (S.) b2: أَبْرَأَكَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ and ↓ بَرَّأَكَ (M, K *) He (i. e. God, TA) made thee, pronounced thee, or held thee, or hath made thee, &c., or may He make thee, &c., to be free from the thing or affair, or clear or quit thereof, or guiltless thereof, or irresponsible for it; (TA;) [or He acquitted thee, or hath acquitted thee, or may He acquit thee, thereof; or He showed thee, or hath showed thee, or may He show thee, to be free from it, &c.: see also 2, above:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (M.) You say, مِنَ العَيْبِ ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be free from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 69], ↓ فَبَرَّأْهُ اللّٰهُ مِمَا قَالُوا (M) But God showed him to be clear of that which they said. (Bd.) You say also, أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of the debt; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof: (Msb:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِمَّا لِى

عَلَيْهِ; and ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْرِئَةٌ; [I acquitted him of that which he owed me:] (S:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ [alone] I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of a claim that I had upon him, or a due or right that he owed me. (Mgh.) A2: ابرأ [in the T (as on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee) أَبْرَى] He entered upon [the night, or day, called] البَرَآء, q. v. (K.) 5 تَبَرَّاَ see 1, in three places. تبرّأ مِنْهُ also signifies He asserted himself to be free from it; or clear, or quit, of it; namely, a fault, or the like. (Mgh.) [And He declared himself to be clear of him; to be not connected, or implicated, with him; he renounced him: see Kur ii. 161 and 162, &c:] 6 تَبَارَأْنَا We separated ourselves, each from the other. (TA.) [See 3.]10 استبرأ, (T,) or استبرأ مِنَ البَوْلِ, (Msb,) He took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the orifice of his penis from the remains of urine, by shaking it and pulling it and the like, until he knew that nothing remained in it: (T:) or he purified, or cleansed, himself from urine; syn. تَنَزَّهُ عَنْهُ: (Msb:) or استبرأ, (M,) or استبرأ الذَّكَرَ, (K, TA,) signifies he took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the penis from urine; or he cleansed it entirely from urine; (M, * K, * TA;) and so استبرأ الفَرْجَ: and in like manner, استبرأتِ الفَرْجَ said of a woman: (El-Munáwee, TA:) but the lawyers make a distinction between اسْتِبْرَآءٌ and اِسْتِنْقَآءٌ [which are made syn. in the M and K]: see the latter word. (TA.) b2: And استبرأ الجَارِيَةَ, (T, S, Mgh,) or المَرْأَةَ, (M, Msb, K,) He abstained from sexual intercourse (T, M, K) with the girl whom he had purchased or whom he had taken captive, (T,) or with the woman, (M, K,) until she had menstruated (T, M, K) at his abode, once, and then become purified: (T:) the meaning is, (T,) he sought to find her free from pregnancy. (T, Mgh, Msb.) b3: Hence, (Mgh,) استبرأ الشَّيْءِ, (Z, Mgh, Msb,) or الأَمْرَ, (TA,) He searched, searched out, or sought to find or discover, the uttermost of the thing, or affair, (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA,) in order that he might know it, (Mgh,) to put an end to his doubt. (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْرَأْتُ مَا عِنْدَكَ [I searched, or sought to find or discover, or I have searched, &c., the uttermost of what thou hast, of knowledge &c.]. (S, TA.) And استبرأ أرْضَ كَذَا فَمَا وَجَدَ ضَالَّتَهُ [He searched the uttermost of such a land and found not his stray beast]. (TA.) It is said in the Expos. of the Jámi' es-Sagheer that اِسْتِبْرَآءٌ is an expression denoting The seeking, or seeking leisurely and repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of a thing, until one knows it; considering it with the endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of it; taking, in doing so, the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment. (Mgh.) بُرُأَةٌ A hunter's lurking-place or covert: (T, S, M, K:) pl. بُرَأٌ. (T, S, M.) El-Aashà says, بِهَا بُرَأٌ مِثْلُ الفَسِيلِ المُكَمَّمِ [At it (a source of water mentioned in the context) were hunters' lurking-places, like young palmtrees covered over: for tender young palm-trees are often covered over with a kind of coarse matting]. (T, S, M.) بَرَآءٌ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in six places. b2: البَرَآءٌ The first night of the [lunar] month; (El-Mázinee, T, S, K;) called thus, (S,) or لَيْلَةُ البَرَآءِ, (M,) because the moon has then become clear of the sun: (S, M:) or the first day of the month: (AA, T, K:) or the last night thereof: (As, T, K:) or the last day thereof; (IAar, T, K;) a fortunate day; every event happening therein being regarded as a means of obtaining a blessing; (IAar, T;) but most hold that the last day of the month is termed النَّحِيرَةٌ; (TA;) as also اِبْنُ البَرَآءِ: (K:) or this is the first day of the month: (IAar, T, TA:) pl. أَبْرِئَةٌ. (Th, M.) بُرَآءُ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in two places.

بَرِىْءٌ Free, (Msb,) مِنْهُ from it; namely a fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; (Mgh, Msb;) and, also followed by مِنْهُ, clear, or quit, of it; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e. exempt from the demand thereof; namely a debt, (Msb,) or a claim, or due, or right; (Mgh;) as also ↓ بَارِىٌ and ↓ بَرَآءٌ. (Msb.) You say, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ [I am free from it, &c.]; (T, * S, M, K; *) and ↓ بَرَآءٌ, used alike as sing. and dual and pl. (Fr, T, S, M, K) and masc. and fem., (Fr, T, M, K,) because it is originally an inf. n.; (Fr, T, S;) and ↓ بُرَآءٌ: (S, M:) the pl. of بَرِىْءٌ is بَرِيؤُونَ (T, S, K) and بُرَأءُ (T, S, M, K) and بُرَآءٌ, (T, M, K,) of the measure فُعَالٌ, (T,) like رُخَالٌ, (M, K,) of an extr. measure, disapproved by Suh, who says, in the R, that it is a contraction of بُرَأءُ, and has tenween because it resembles [words originally of the measure] فُعَالٌ, and that the rel. n. formed from it is ↓ بُرَاوِىٌّ, (TA,) but it is mentioned by AAF as a pl. of بَرِىْءٌ, and as being like رُخَالٌ, and Fr mentions بُرَآءُ as a pl. of the same, imperfectly decl., with one of the two hemzehs suppressed, (M,) and بِرَآءٌ (S, M, K) and أَبْرَآءٌ (S, K) and أَبْرِئَآءُ, (T, S, K,) the last two anomalous: (TA:) the fem. of بَرِيْءٌ is بَرِيْئَةٌ; pl. بَرِيْآتٌ (T, S, M, K) and بَرِيَّاتٌ (Lh, M, K) and بَرَايَا. (T, S, M, K.) Yousay, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ and خَلِىٌّ مِنْهُ [I am free from it; or, more commonly, I am clear, or quit, of it, or him]; and مِنْهُ ↓ أنَا بَرَآءٌ and خَلَآءٌ مِنْهُ; (S;) and مِنْهُ ↓ أَنَا البَرَآءُ: (M:) and ↓ نَحْنُ مِنْكَ البَرَآءُ and الخَلَآءُ [We are clear, or quit, of you]; (Fr, T;) i. e., ذَوُو البَرَآءِ: so says Aboo-Is-hák; and As says the like of what Fr says. (T.) It is said in the Kur [xliii. 25], مِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ ↓ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ [Verily I am clear of that which ye worship]; (T, M;) or بَرِىْءٌ, or ↓ بُرَآءٌ; accord. to different readers. (Bd.) بَرِىْءٌ occurs in several places in the Kur. (M.) Accord. to IAar, it signifies Clear of evil qualities or dispositions; shunning what is vain and false; remote from actions that occasion suspicion; pure in heart from associating any with God: and it signifies sound in body and intellect. (T.) See also بَارِئٌ, in two places.

بَرَآءَةٌ A writing of [i. e. conferring] immunity or exemption: from بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ and العَيْب, of which it is the inf. n.: pl. بَرَاآتٌ, with medd: بَرَاوَاتٌ is [pl. of بَرَاةٌ, and both of these are] vulgar. (Mgh.) بُرَاوِىٌّ: see بَرِىْءٌ.

البَرِيَّةُ The creation; as meaning the beings, or things, that are created; or, particularly, mankind; syn. الخَلْقُ: (T, S, M:) pronounced without ء; (T, S;) originally with ء, like نَبِىٌّ and ذُرِّيَةٌ; (M;) and the people of Mekkeh differ from the other Arabs in pronouncing these three words with ء: (Yoo, T, M:) Lh says that the Arabs agree in omitting the ء in these three instances; and he does not except the people of Mekkeh: (M:) it is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of مَفْعُولَةٌ, (Msb,) from بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, meaning خَلَقَهُمْ: (Fr, T:) or, if derived from البَرَى

[“earth” or “dust”], it is originally without ء: (Fr, T, S:) pl. بَرَايَا and بَرِيَّاتٌ. (S in art. برو and برى.) بَارِئٌ, (K,) or بَارِئٌ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (Lh, S, M,) [Recovering from his disease, sickness, or malady: or] convalescent; or becoming sound, or healthy, at the close of his disease, but being yet weak; or recovering, but not completely, his health and strength: [see 1:] (M, K:) as also ↓ بَرِئْءٌ: (Lh, M, K:) but whether the latter be properly used in this sense is disputed; while the former is said to be the act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses: (TA:) pl. بِرَآءٌ, (M, K,) like as صِحَاحٌ is pl. of صَحِيحٌ, accord. to Lh, so that he holds it to be pl. of بَرِىْءٌ; or it may be pl. of بَارِئٌ, like as جِيَاعٌ is pl. of جَائِعٌ, and صِحَابٌ of صَاحِبٌ. (M.) ↓ بَرِىْءٌ is sometimes written and pronounced بَرِىٌّ [in all its senses]. (Kz.) b2: See also بَرِيْءٌ.

A2: البَارِئُ, applied to God, The Creator; (T, S, Msb;) He who hath created the things that are created, not after any similitude, or model; (Nh;) or He who hath created those things free from any incongruity, or faultiness, (Mgh, and Bd in ii. 51,) and distinguished, one from another, by various forms and outward appearances: (Bd:) or the Former, or Fashioner; syn. المُصَوِّرُ [q. v.]. (M.)

بلج

1 بَلِجَ, aor. ـَ (ISh, TA,) inf. n. بَلَجٌ, (S, K, TA,) He (a man) had a clear, a conspicuous, or a white, space between the eyes, not having the eyebrows joined; (ISh, TA;) he had a clear space between the eyebrows; (S, K, TA;) he had a wide space, or a space clear of hair, between the eyebrows. (TA.) b2: [Hence, He (a man) was, or became, bright in countenance: or fair, beautiful, and wide in countenance: or (assumed tropical:) open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance: or (assumed tropical:) liberal with acts of beneficence: or (tropical:) generous, beneficent, and open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance: see the part. n. أَبْلَجُ, below.] b3: And [hence,] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) (tropical:) He (a man, TA) was, or became, joyful, glad, or happy. (K, TA.) You say, بَلِجَ بِالشَّيْءِ (tropical:) He rejoiced at the thing; or was rejoiced by it; as also ثَلِجَ. (As, TA.) And بَلِجَ بِهِ الصَّدْرُ فَرَحًا (tropical:) The bosom became dilated with joy thereat. (A.) And بَلِجَ بَعْدَ مَا حَرِجَ (tropical:) [It (the bosom) became dilated with joy after it had been contracted with grief]. (TA.) b4: [And hence,] aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and بَلَجَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. بُلُوجٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ انبلج, (S, K,) or ↓ ابتلج; (so in copies of the A and Msb;) and ↓ تبلّج; (S, A, K;) and ↓ ابلج; (Msb, K;) (assumed tropical:) It (the dawn, or daybreak,) shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (S, A, Msb, K.) And الشَّمْسُ ↓ أَبْلَجَتِ (assumed tropical:) The sun shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (TA.) And الشَّىْءُ ↓ ابلاجّ (assumed tropical:) The thing shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (TA.) b5: And hence, (Msb,) بَلَجَ الحَقُّ, and بَلِجَ; (Msb;) or ↓ ابلج; (A, TA;) (tropical:) The truth became apparent, (A, Msb, TA,) manifest, evident, or clear. (A, Msb.) And ↓ ابلاجّ, inf. n. اِبْلِيجَاجٌ, (S, and so the inf. n. is written in a copy of the K: in another copy of the K it is written اِبْلِجَاجٌ [inf. n. of ↓ ابلجّ], and the verb is written ابلجّ in a copy of the S: accord. to the CK, the inf. n. is اِبْلِيلَاجٌ [of which the verb is ↓ ابلولج]:) said of anything, (S, TA,) signifies (tropical:) It was, or became, apparent, manifest, evident, or clear. (S, K, TA.) A2: بَلَجَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. بَلْجٌ, (TA,) He opened; syn. فَتَحَ. (K.) 4 أَبْلَجَ see 1, in three places.

A2: ابلجهُ (assumed tropical:) He made it apparent, manifest, evident, or clear. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He made him joyful, glad, or happy; syn. فَرَّحَهُ: (K accord. to the TA [and so in a MS. copy of the K in my hands]:) or (assumed tropical:) he removed it, or cleared it away; syn. فَرَّجَهُ. (So accord. to the CK.) 5 تبلّج (assumed tropical:) He laughed, and was cheerful, brisk, lively, or sprightly. (S.) b2: See also 1.7 إِنْبَلَجَ see 1.8 إِبْتَلَجَ see 1.9 إِبْلَجَّ see 1.11 إِبْلَاْجَّ see 1, in two places.12 إِبْلَوْلَجَ see 1.

بَلْجُ: see أَبْلَجٌ, in four places.

بَلَجٌ: see بُلْجَةٌ.

بَلِجٌ (tropical:) Joyful, glad, or happy. (TA.) [See also أَبْلَجٌ.]

بُلُجٌ, with two dammehs, Men clear of hair in the [parts of the face called the] قَسَمَات. (IAar, K.) بَلْجَةٌ: see what next follows.

بُلجَةٌ Clearness of the space between the eyebrows: (S, A, K:) or width of the space between the eyebrows; or [of] the space between the eyebrows when clear of hair; as also ↓ بَلَجٌ [which is the inf. n. of بَلِجَ]. (TA.) One says, مَا أَحْسَنَ بُلْجَتَهُ How beautiful is the clearness of the space between his eyebrows! (A.) b2: The part behind the عَارِض [or side of the cheek or face], to the ear, when there is no hair upon it. (TA.) b3: Also, and ↓ بَلْجَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) The light (S, L, K) of the dawn, or daybreak, (S, L,) in the last part of the night, (S, TA,) at the breaking of the dawn. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ بُلْجَةٌ الصُّبْحِ (assumed tropical:) I saw the light of the dawn. (S.) And لَقِيتُهُ عِنْدَ البُلْجَةِ (assumed tropical:) [I met, or found, him, or it, at the break of the dawn]. (A.) And سَرَيْتُ الدُّلْجَةَ وَ البَلْجَةَ حَتَّى وَصْلَتُ (assumed tropical:) [I journeyed during the whole night, or from the beginning of the night, or during the latter part of the night, and the breaking of the dawn, until I arrived]. (A.) And it is said in a trad., لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ بُلْجَةِ (assumed tropical:) The night of القدر is bright [like the dawn]. (TA.) بَلِيجٌ: see أَبْلَجُ, in two places.

بِلِيلَجٌ, with kesr to the ب and to the first ل, and with fet-h to the second ل; (Msb;) or بَلِيلَجٌ; (so written in some copies of the K, in other copies of which it is omitted;) [Myrobalana Bellerica: (Golius and Freytag:) Terminaria Chebula: Sprengel. hist. rei herb. p. 262: (Freytag:)] a certain well-known Indian medicine; (Msb;) very beneficial to the stomach and to the intestinum rectum. (K.) [For other properties &c. assigned to it, see Ibn-Seenà (Avicenna), book ii. p. 144. See also اِهْلِيلَجٌ, in art. هلج.]

أَبْلَجُ A man having a clear, a conspicuous, or a white, space between the eyes, not having the eyebrows joined: (ISh, TA:) or having such a space between the eyebrows, (K, * TA,) not having the eyebrows joined: (S, TA:) or having a wide space, or a space clear of hair, between the eyebrows: fem. بَلْجَآءُ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] Bright of countenance; the Prophet being said by UmmMaabad to have been أَبْلَجُ الوَجْهِ; by which she did not mean the بَلَج of the eyebrows, for she described him as having joined eyebrows: (A'Obeyd, S, TA:) or fair, beautiful, and wide in countenance, whether long or short: or [alone, or] followed by ↓ بَلْجٌ, (assumed tropical:) open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance; (TA;) and so ↓ the latter alone: (K:) or ↓ the latter, (tropical:) open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance, with beneficence: (TA:) or the former, and ↓ the latter, and ↓ بَلِيجٌ, (assumed tropical:) liberal with acts of beneficence: (TA:) or the first, (tropical:) generous, beneficent, and open and pleasant, or cheerful, in countenance; although having joined eyebrows. (A, TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Shining, bright, or shining brightly; applied to the dawn, or daybreak; (S, A, Msb;) and so ↓ بَلِيجٌ, applied to a thing [of any kind]: (TA:) and the former, anything (assumed tropical:) apparent, manifest, evident, or clear; (K;) thus applied to a face, and to the dawn, (TA,) and to the truth, (Msb, TA,) and to an affair or event, or a case, &c. (TA.) It is an act. part. n. of بَلِجَ. (Msb.) You say, الحَقُّ أَبْلَجُ وَ البَاطِلُ لَجْلَجٌ (tropical:) The truth is apparent, manifest, evident, or clear; [and falsity is a cause of embarrassment, or hesitation, to the speaker;] (S, A; *) i. e., the latter is agitated to and fro, without having utterance: (S in art. لج:) or the truth is lucid and direct; and falsity is confused and indirect. (TA in that art.) and حُجَّةٌ بَلْجَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A manifest, an evident, or a clear, proof or argument. (Msb.) أُبْلُوجُ السُّكَّرِ, with damm, [meaning Sugar-candy, and loaf-sugar, thus applied in the present day,] is an arabicized term [from the Persian آبْلُوجْ]: (K, TA:) in one copy of the K, it is said that أُبْلُوجٌ, with damm, is [syn. with] السُّكَّرٌ [sugar]: by the people [who are makers] of الحَسَا and القَطِيف, [see these words, the latter of which is a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة, pl. قَطَائِفٌ,] it is called أٌمْلٌوجٌ. (TA.)

بحر

1 بَحَرَ, (TA,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. بَحْرٌ, (K,) He slit; cut, or divided, lengthwise; split; or clave; (K, TA;) and enlarged, or made wide. (TA.) Hence the term بَحْرٌ [as meaning “ a sea ” or “ great river ”] is said to be derived, because what is so called is cleft, or trenched, in the earth, and the trench is made the bed of its water. (TA.) b2: بَحَرَهَا, (M,) or بَحَرَ أُذُنَهَا, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (M, Msb,) inf. n. بَحْرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He slit her (a camel's, S, M, A, Msb, and a sheep's or goat's, M) ear, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) in halves, or in halves lengthwise, (M, TA,) widely; (B;) and in like manner, بَحَرَهُ he slit his (a camel's) ear widely: (B:) and ↓ بحّر

آذَانَ الأَنْعَامِ, inf. n. تَبْحِيرٌ, He slit [&c.] the ears of the cattle. (Az, TA in art. بتك.) A2: [بَحُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَحَارَةٌ, It was, or became, wide, or spacious. The inf. n. is mentioned in the A: see بَحْرٌ: and see also 10.]2 بَحَّرَ see 1.4 ابحر He embarked [or voyaged] upon the sea or a great river. (Yaakoob, S, M, K.) [Opposed to أَبَرَّ.] b2: (tropical:) It (water, K, sweet water S, A) was, or became, salt. (S, A, * K.) b3: أَبْحَرَتِ الأَرْضُ The land abounded with places where water stagnated. (T, K. * [In the latter, مَنَافِعُهَا is put by mistake for مَنَاقِعُهَا. See بَحْرَةٌ.]) A2: (assumed tropical:) He found water to be salt; not easy, or pleasant, to be drunk. (K, TA. [In some copies of the K, for لَمْ يَسُغْ, we find لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ, which is evidently a mistake.]) A3: He met, or met with, a man unintentionally: (M, K:) from the phrase, لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةَ بَحْرَةَ. (TA.) 5 تبحّر: see 10. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a pastor) took a wide range in abundant pasturage. (TA.) b3: تبحّر فِى المَالِ (tropical:) He enlarged himself, or he became, or made himself, ample, or abundant, in wealth, or camels, or the like; (K, * TA;) as also فيه↓استبحر. (TA.) b4: تبحّر فِى العِلْمِ (tropical:) He went deep into science, or knowledge, and enlarged himself, or took a wide range, therein, (S, A, K,) wide as the sea; (TA;) and in like manner one says with respect to other things: (S:) and so فيه ↓استبحر. (A, TA.) 10 استبحر (tropical:) It (a place) became wide, or spacious, like the sea: (A:) it spread wide; became expanded; (K;) as also ↓ تبحّر. (TA.) [See also بَحُرَ.] b2: (tropical:) He (a poet, A, K, and a خَطِيب, [i. e. a speaker, an orator, or the like,] A) expatiated in speech; was, or became, diffuse therein. (M, A, K.) b3: See also 5, in two places.

بَحْرٌ [A sea: and a great river:] a spacious place comprising a large quantity of water; (B;) a large quantity of water, (K, TA,) whether salt or sweet; (TA;) contr. of بَرٌّ; (S, A;) so called because of its depth (S, TA) and large extent; (S, Msb, TA;) from البَحَارَةُ; (A;) or because its bed is trenched in the earth; see 1: (TA:) or a large quantity of salt water, only; (K;) and so called because of its saltness: (El-Umawee, TA: [but accord. to the A, this word as an epithet meaning “ salt ” is tropical:]) or rather this is its general meaning: (TA:) for it signifies also any great river; (S, M, TA;) any river of which the water does not cease to flow; (Zj, T, TA;) such as the Euphrates, for instance; (S;) or such as the Tigris, and the Nile, and other similar great rivers of sweet water; of which the great salt بَحْر is the place of confluence; so called because trenched in the earth: (T, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْحُرٌ and [of mult.] بِحَارٌ and بُحُورٌ. (S, Msb, K.) The dim. is ↓أُبَيْحِرٌ, (K,) which is anomalous; and ↓بُحَيْرٌ, which is the regular form: accord. to the K, the latter is not used; but this is untrue; for it is sometimes used, though rare. (MF.) b2: Hence its application in the saying of the Arabs, يَا هَادِىَ اللَّيْلِ جُرْتَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ البَحْرُ أَوِ الفَجْرُ, which Th explains by saying that the meaning is, (tropical:) [O guide of the night, thou hast deviated from the right way:] it is only destruction or thou wilt see the daybreak: the night is here likened to the sea [and with the night is associated the idea of destruction]: but accord. to one recital, it is البَجْرُ, instead of البَحْرُ. (TA. [See art. بجر.]) b3: Also (tropical:) Salt; as an epithet, applied to water. (S, A.) b4: (tropical:) A fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse; (As, K;) that runs much; (As, TA;) that takes a wide range in his running; (S, A, Msb, B;) that runs like the sea, or a great river; or like the sea, or a great river, when it rolls wave over wave. (Niftaweyh;, TA.) b5: (tropical:) A generous man; (K, TA;) one who takes a wide range in his beneficence, bounty, or kindness; who abounds therein. (TA.) You say, لَقِيتُ بِزَيْدٍ بَحْرًا (tropical:) [I found, in the place of Zeyd, a man of abundant generosity or beneficence]: ب here denoting substitution. (The Lubáb cited in the TA voce بِ.) And لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَحْرًا (tropical:) [I found him to be a man of exceeding generosity]; a phrase expressing an intensive degree of generosity: and رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ بَحْرًا [signifies the same]. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) b6: (tropical:) A man of extensive knowledge or science; one who takes a wide range in his knowledge or science. (B.) b7: (tropical:) Any person, or thing, that takes a wide range in a thing. (B.) b8: (assumed tropical:) Land of seed-produce and fruitfulness; or a tract, or region, in which are green herbs or leguminous plants, and waters; or the part of a country near to water; syn. رِيفٌ: (Aboo-' Alee, K:) and the dim. ↓ بُحَيْرٌ is used in the same sense; or, by poetic licence, for ↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ. (TA.) So in the Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ الفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ البَحْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Corruption hath appeared in the desert, or deserts, and in the land of seed-produce and fruitfulness; &c.]: (Aboo-'Alee, TA:) or the meaning here is, [in the desert, or deserts, and in the towns, or villages, in which is water: (see بَرٌّ:) or in the open country and] in the cities [or towns] upon the rivers; by sterility in the former, and scarcity in the latter: (Zj, TA, and T in art. بر:) or in the land and the sea; i. e., the land has become sterile, or unfruitful, and the supply of the sea has become cut off. (Az, TA.) See also بَحْرَةٌ. b9: Also, البَحْرُ, (S, K,) or بَحْرُ الرَّحِمِ, (A, Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) The bottom (عُمْق, S, A, Mgh, K, or قَعْر, IAth, TA) of the womb; fundus uteri: (S, A, Mgh, K:) whence blood of a pure red colour, (S,) or intensely red, (Mgh,) is termed بَحْرَانِىٌّ (S, Mgh) and بَاحِرٌ. (S.) بَحْرَةٌ A wide tract of land: so accord. to Aboo-Nasr: but in one place he says, a small valley in rugged land: pl. بِحَارٌ. (TA.) b2: A land, country, or territory, belonging to, or inhabited by, a people; syn. بَلْدَةٌ. (S, K.) One says, هٰذِهِ بَحْرَتُنَا This is our land, &c.; syn. أَرْضُنَا. (S.) It occurs also in the dim. form [↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ], as in the Towsheeh of El-Jelál. (TA.) b3: Any town, or village, that has a running river and wholesome water: (K:) and [absolutely] any town, or village: of such the Arabs say, هٰذِهِ بَحْرَتُنَا This is our town, or village: and the pl. بِحَارٌ they apply to cities, as well as towns, or villages. (TA.) b4: Low, or depressed, land: (IAar, K:) occurring also in the dim. form [↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ]. (TA.) b5: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ: (T, TA:) or one that is large, (K,) and wide. (TA.) b6: A place where water stagnates. (Sh, K.) b7: The pl. is ↓ بَحْرٌ, (as in some copies of the K, [or this is a coll. gen. n. of which بَحْرَةٌ is the n. un.,]) or بِحَرٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the TA,) or بُحْرٌ, (as in the CK,) and بِحَارٌ. (K.) A2: لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةَ بَحْرَةَ, (S, K,) and ↓ صُحْرَةَ بُحْرَةَ, as in the Expositions of the Tesheel, &c., (MF,) and صَحْرَةً بَحْرَةً, (K,) and ↓ صُحْرَةً بُحْرَةً, (MF,) I met him out, with nothing intervening between me and him; (S, L;) both of us being exposed to open view; (TA;) without anything concealing, or intervening. (K, TA.) صحرةَ بحرةَ, without tenween, is a compound denotative of state; not, as some say, consisting of two inf. ns.: and sometimes نَحْرَةً is added; in which case each of the three words is with tenween, decl.; and they do not form a compound. (MF. [But see صَحْرَة.)]

صُحْرَةَ بُحْرَةَ and صُحْرَةً بُحْرَةً: see بَحْرَةٌ.

بَحْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, or belonging to, the sea, or a great river; rel. n. of بَحْرٌ. (S, K.) b2: A seaman; a sailor; (TA;) as also ↓ بَحَّارٌ: (K:) and [↓ بَحْرِيَّةٌ and] ↓ بَحَّارَةٌ seamen; sailors. (K, TA.) b3: [In the dial. of Egypt, North; northern; because the Mediterranean Sea lies on the north of that country: like as, in Hebrew, יָם signifies “ west; ” because that sea lies on the west of Palestine.]

بَحْرِيَّةٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بُحْرَانٌ, a post-classical word, (S, K,) used by the physicians, signifying The crisis of a disease; the sudden change which happens to a sick person, (S, TA,) and the commencement of convalescence, (TA,) in acute diseases; (S, TA;) at a time fixed by some motion in the heavenly bodies, mostly by a motion of the moon; being a change to health or to the contrary: a word [said to be] of Greek origin. (The Nuzheh of the sheykh Dáwood El-Antákee, cited in the TA.) [Pl. بَحَارِينُ.] They say, هٰذَا يَوْمُ بُحْرَانٍ and يَوْمٌ

↓ بَاحُورِىٌّ [This is the day of a crisis of a disease]: باحورىّ being anomalous: (S, K:) [perhaps from البَاحُورُ signifying “ the moon,” because the crisis of a disease is thought to be mostly fixed by a motion of the moon: or] as though it were a rel. n. of بَاحُورٌ and بَاحُورَآءُ meaning the “ vehemence of heat in [the month of] تَمُّوز. ” (S.) دَمٌ بَحْرَانِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) Blood of the menses; accord. to El-Kutabee: or (assumed tropical:) intensely red blood: (Mgh:) or (assumed tropical:) intensely red, and thick, and abundant, menstrual blood: (IAth:) or (tropical:) black blood: (A:) or, as also ↓ دَمٌ بَاحِرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) (assumed tropical:) blood of the womb: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) blood of a pure red colour: (S, M, K:) or (assumed tropical:) such blood from the belly: (M:) or (assumed tropical:) pure blood of an intensely red colour: (Msb:) both from البَحْرُ signifying “ the bottom of the womb: ”: (S:) the former is a rel. n. therefrom, (A, IAth, Msb,) in which the ا and ن are added to give intensiveness to the signification, (IAth,) or to distinguish it from the rel. n. of البَحْرُ [in its most common sense]: (Msb:) or it is a rel. n. of البَحْرُ [in its most common sense], because of its abundance. (IAth.) b2: أَحْمَرُ بَحْرَانِىٌّ, and ↓ بَاحِرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ بَاحِرِىٌّ, (IAar, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Intense red. (TA.) بُحَيْرٌ dim. of بَحْرٌ, which see, in two places.

بَحِيرَةٌ A she-camel having her ear slit: (S, * A, Msb, K *:) [and, as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] a she-camel of which the mother was a سَائِبَة; (Fr, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e., of which the mother had brought forth ten females consecutively before her, and of which the ear was slit; (Mgh;) or of which the mother had brought forth five, of which five the last, if a male, was slaughtered and eaten, but if a female, her ear was slit and she was left with her mother; (Mgh, * Msb;) the predicament of which was the same as that of her mother; (Fr, S, K;) i. e., what was unlawful with respect to her mother was unlawful with respect to herself: (TA:) or a she-camel, or ewe, or she-goat, that had brought forth five young ones, and of which the fifth, if a male, was slaughtered, and its flesh was eaten by the men and women; but if a female, her ear was slit, and it was unlawful to the Arabs to eat her flesh and to drink her milk and to ride her; but when she died, her flesh was lawful to the women: (K:) so says Az, on the authority of Ibn-'Arafeh: (TA: [but it appears from the explanation in the Msb, quoted above, that it was the slit-eared young she-camel here mentioned, not the mother, that was thus termed:]) or a she-camel, or ewe, or she-goat, which, having brought forth ten young ones, had her ear slit, (K,) and no use was made of her milk nor of her back, (TA,) and she was left at liberty to pasture, (K,) and to go to water, (TA,) and her flesh, when she died, was made unlawful to the women of the Arabs, but was eaten by the men: (K:) or one that was left at liberty, without a pastor: (K:) or, as some say, syn. with سَائِبَةٌ; i. e., say they, a she-camel which, having brought forth seven young ones, had her ear slit, and was not ridden, nor used for carrying: (Msb:) or a she-camel that had brought forth five young ones, the last of which was a male, in which case her ear was slit, and she was exempted from being ridden and from carrying and from being slaughtered, and not prevented from taking of any water to which she came, nor from any pasturage, nor even ridden by a weary man who, having become unable to proceed in his journey, his means having failed him, or his camel that bore him stopping with him from fatigue or breaking down or perishing, might chance to find her: (Aboo-Is- hák the Grammarian, TA: [and the like, but less fully, is said in the Mgh:]) or, applied specially to a ewe, or she-goat, one that, having brought forth five young ones, had her ear slit: (L, K, TA: [in the CK, for بُحِرَت is put نُحِرَت:]) it also signifies a she-camel (L) abounding in milk: (L, K:) the pl. is بَحَائِرُ and بُحُرٌ; (L, K;) the latter a strange form of pl. of a fem. sing. such as بحيرة; and said to be the only instance of the kind except صُرُمٌ pl. of صَرِيمَةٌ, meaning “ having her ear cut off. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad., that the person who instituted the practices relative to the بحيرة and the حَامِى, and the first who altered the religion of Ishmael, was 'Amr the son of Loheí the son of Kama'ah the son of Jundab; and these practices are forbidden in the Kur v. 102. (TA.) بُحَيْرَةٌ A small sea; a lake: as though they imagined the word بَحْرَةٌ [as syn. with بَحْرٌ]: otherwise there is no reason for the ة. (M, TA.) b2: See also بَحْرٌ: and see بَحْرَةٌ, in two places.

بَحَّارٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بَحَّارَةٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بَاحِرٌ: see بَحْرَانِىٌّ, in three places.

بَاحِرِىٌّ: see بَحْرَانِىٌّ, in three places.

بَاحُورٌ and ↓بَاحُورَآءُ The vehemence of heat in [the Syrian month of] تَمُّوز or تَمُوز [corresponding to July, O. S.]: (S, K:) [pl. of the former بَوَاحِيرُ:] both are [said to be] post-classical words: (S:) but they are [classical words,] arabicized; for they occur in verses of the kind called رَجَز of some of the [early] Arabs. (MF.) A2: البَاحُورُ The moon. (Aboo-' Alee, K.) بَاحُورَآءُ: see بَاحُورٌ.

بَاحُورِىٌّ: see بُحْرَانٌ.

أُبَيْحِرٌ: dim. of بَحْرٌ, q. v. (K.)

بصر

1 بَصُرَ, [aor. ـُ (Sb, M, K,) and بَصِرَ, [aor. ـَ (Lh, K, ) inf. n. بَصَرٌ and بَصَارَةٌ and بِصَارَةٌ, (M, K,) [He saw; i. e.] he became seeing; syn.صَارَ مُبْصِرًا; (Sb, M, K;) with بِ prefixed to the noun following. (K.) But see 4, in four places. بَصُرَ is seldom used to signify the sense of sight unless to this meaning is conjoined that of mental perception. (B.) b2: [Hence,] بَصُرَ, [and بَصِرَ.] inf. n. بَصَارَةٌ [and بَصَرٌ], He was, or became, endowed with mental perception; or belief, or firm belief; or knowledge, understanding, intelligence, or skill. (S, * M, TA.) And بَصُرَبِهِ, (S Msb, B,) and بَصِرَبِهِ, and sometimes بَصُرَهُ and بَصِرَهُ, but more chastely with بِ, inf. n. [بَصَارَةٌ and] بَصَرٌ; (Msb;) and * ابصرهُ; (B;) He perceived it mentally; (B;) he knew it [or understood it]. (S, Msb.) بَصُرْتُ بِمَا لَمْ يَبْصُرُوا بِهِ, in the Kur [xx. 96], means I knew that which they knew not. (S.) A2: بَصَرَ الأَدِيمَيْنِ, aor. ـُ (T, K,) inf. n. بَصْرٌ, (S, M, K,) He put the two hides together, and sewed them, like as the two edges of a garment, or piece of cloth, are sewed, one being put upon the other; which [mode of sewing] is contrary to, or different from, that in which a garment, or piece of cloth, is sewed before it is sewed the second time: (S:) or he put together the two edges of the two hides, when they were being sewed, (M, K,) like as a garment, or piece of cloth, is sewed. (M.) 2 بصّر He (a whelp) opened his eyes. (M, K.) A2: بصّرهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَبْصِيرٌ; (TA;) or * ابصرهُ; (accord. to some copies of the K; [see مُبْصِرٌ, as confirmatory of the latter; but both seem to be correct;]) It [or he] made him [or caused him] to see, or to have sight: or to have mental perception, or knowledge, or skill: syn. جَعَلَهُ بَصِيرًا. (S, K.) b2: And the former, (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He made him to know. (S, K) You say, بَصَّرْتُهُ بِهِ, (A, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Msb,) I made him to know it; acquainted him with it. (A, Msb.) And بصّرهُ الأَمْرَ, inf. n. as above and تَبْصِرَةٌ, He made him to understand the affair, or case. (M.) b3: Also He rendered it apparent, or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident. (S, K.) A3: بُصِّرَتْ بِدِمَامٍ, said of the feathers of an arrow, They were besmeared بِالبَصِيرَةِ, i. e. with blood: (S:) or were strengthened and fastened with glue. (M.) A4: Also بصّر, inf. n. تَبْصِيرٌ; (S, K) and ↓ ابصر; (K;) He went, (S,) or came, (M, K,) to the city of El-Basrah (البَصْرَة). (S, M, K.) 3 باصرهُ He looked with at a thing, trying which of them two would see it before the other. (M.) And بَاصَرَا They two looked, trying which of them would see first. (K.) b2: He elevated himself, or rose up, or stood up, so as to be higher than the surrounding objects, (أَشْرَفَ,) looking at him, or towards him, from afar. (S.) b3: See also 4.4 ابصرهُ, (Lh S M, A, &c.,) inf. n. إِبْصَارٌ, (Msb,) He saw him, or it, (Lh, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) بِرُؤْيَةِ العَيْنِ by the sight of the eye; (Msb;) as also بِهِ ↓ بَصُرَ: (A:) or he looked (M, K) at, or towards, him, or it, (M,) trying whether he could see him, or it; (M, K;) as also بِهِ ↓ بَصُرَ, inf. n.بَصَرٌ and بَصَارَةٌ and بِصَارَةٌ; (M;) and به ↓بَصِرَ; (Lh, M;) and ↓ تبّصرهُ; (M, K;) and ↓ باصرهُ: (M:) or, accord. to Sb, ↓ بَصُرَ [is used when no object of sight is mentioned, and] signifies he [saw, or] became seeing: and ابصرهُ is said when one mentions that upon which his eye has fallen. (M.) You say also, أَبْصِرَ إِلَىَّ Look thou at me: or turn thy face towards me. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) b2: See also 1.

A2: And see 2.

A3: أَبْصِرْ بِهِ وَ أَسْمِعْ, in the Kur [xviii. 25], means مَا أَبْصَرَهُ وَ مَا أَسْمَعَهُ (Jel) (tropical:) How clear is his sight! and how clear his hearing! the pronoun relating to God; (Bd, Jel;) and thus used, the phrase is tropical; i. e., nothing escapes his sight and hearing. (Jel.) And أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَ أَبْصِرْ, in the same [xix. 39], means مَا أَسْمَعَهُمْ وَ مَا أَبْصَرَهُمْ (S in art. سمع, and Jel) How clearly shall they hear! and how clearly shall they see! (S, Bd, Jel:) or the meaning is, do thou make them to hear, and make them to see, the threats of that day which is afterwards mentioned, and what shall befall them therein. (Bd.) A4: أَبْصَرَ also signifies He relinquished infidelity, and adopted the true belief. (IAar.) A5: See also 10.

A6: He hung upon the door of his dwelling a بَصِيرَة, i. e. an oblong piece of cotton or other cloth. (TA.) A7: See also 2, last sentence.5 تبصّرهُ He looked at it; namely, a thing: or looked long at it: or glanced lightly at it: like رَمَقَهُ: (TA:) or he sought, or endeavoured, to see it: (Mgh:) or i. q. أَبْصَرَهُ, in a sense explained above; see 4. (M.) You say also, تَبَصَّرْ لِى فُلَانًا [Consider thou, or examine thou, for me, such a one, that thou mayest obtain a clear knowledge of him]. (TA.) And تبصّر فِى شَىْءٍ He considered a thing, endeavouring to obtain a clear knowledge of it; he looked into it, considered it, examined it, or studied it, repeatedly, until he knew it: he sought, or sought leisurely, or repeatedly, after the knowledge of it, until he knew it. (S, * K, * TA.) And تبصّر فِى رَأْيِهِ signifies the same as فِيهِ ↓ استبصر, i. e. He sought, or endeavoured, to see, or discover, what would happen to him, of good and evil. (M.) 6 تباصروا They saw one another. (M, K.) b2: [تباصر also signifies He feigned himself seeing, either ocularly or mentally; contr. of تَعَامَى.]10 استبصر [He sought, or endeavoured, to see, or to perceive mentally]. You say, استبصر فِى

رَأْيِهِ: see 5, last sentence. b2: He had, or was endowed with, [mental perception, or] knowledge, (Msb,) [or understanding, intelligence, or skill: as in the phrase,] استبصر فِى شَىْءٍ [He had a mental perception, or knowledge, &c., of, or in relation to, a thing]. (S.) [See مُسْتَبْصِرٌ.]

A2: It (a road, TA) was, or became, plain, clear, manifest, or conspicuous; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ ابصر. (A.) بَصْرٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ, in four places: and see بُصْرَةٌ.

بُصْرٌ The thickness of anything; (M;) as of the heaven, (TA,) or of each heaven [of the seven heavens], (S, A, TA,) and of the earth, [or of each of the seven earths,] and of the skin of a man, (TA,) and of a garment, or piece of cloth. (A.) You say ثَوْبٌ جَيِّدُ البُصْرِ A thick garment or piece of cloth. (M.) صُبْرٌ, formed by transposition, signifies the same. (S in art. صبر.) b2: A side: (S, M, K:) the edge of anything: (S, K:) formed by transposition from صُبْرٌ. (M.) A2: Cotton: (K:) whence بَصِيرَةٌ signifying “an oblong piece of cotton cloth.” (TA.) A3: See also بَصْرَةٌ.

بِصْرٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ, in five places.

بَصَرٌ The sense of sight, (Lth, S,) or of the eye: (M, K:) or the light whereby the organ [of sight] (الجَارِحَة) perceives the things seen (المُبْصَرَات): (Msb:) pl. أَبْصَارٌ. (M, Msb, K.) [Hence,] صَلَاةُ البَصَرِ The prayer of sunset: or, as some say, of daybreak: because performed when the darkness becomes mixed with the light: (TA:) or because performed when the stars are seen: also called صَلَاةُ الشَّاهِدِ: (TA in art. شهد:) or because performed at a time when the eyes see corporeal forms, after the intervention of darkness, or before it. (JM.) And لَقِيَهُ بَصَرًا He met him when eyes saw one another: or at the beginning of darkness, when there remained enough light for objects to be distinguished thereby: [accord. to some,] the noun is used [in the sense which it here bears] only as an adv. n. [of time]. (M.) And رَأَيْتُهُ بَيْنَ سَمْعِ الأَرْضِ وَبَصَرِهَا (tropical:) I saw him in a vacant tract of land, or of the earth, where nothing but it heard or saw me. (A.) [See also سَمْعٌ, in two places.] b2: See also بَصِيرَةٌ, first sentence, in four places. b3: Also The eye; [and so ↓ بَاصِرَةٌ;] syn. عَيْنٌ; but of the masc. gender: (TA:) pl. as above: (Kur ii. 6, &c.:) but the sing. is also used in a pl. sense [like سَمْعٌ]. (TA in art. سمع.) See two exs. voce بَصِيرةٌ.

بَصْرَةٌ Soft stones; (AA, M, Msb;) i. q. كَذَّانُ; (AA, M;) as also ↓ بِصْرٌ (M, Msb) and ↓ بَصْرٌ; or, accord. to Zj, this last is not allowable: (Msb:) or soft stones in which is whiteness: (K:) or in which is some whiteness: (TA:) or soft stones inclining to white; as also ↓ بِصْرٌ, with kesr if without ة: (S:) [i. e. whitish soft stones:] or soft white stone; as also ↓ بِصْرٌ (M) and ↓ بَصْرٌ: (TA:) or glistening stones; as also ↓ بِصْرٌ: (Fr:) pl. بِصَارٌ: (M:) and rugged ground: (K:) or stones of rugged ground; (TA;) as also ↓ بِصْرٌ and ↓ بَصْرٌ and ↓ بُصْرٌ: (Kz, TA:) or these three words, without ة, signify thick, or rough, or rugged, stone: (K:) or the same three, hard, or strong, and thick, or rough, or rugged, stone: (Lh, M:) and بَصْرَةٌ signifies, also, land that is as though it were a mountain of gypsum: (ISh, L:) or land of which the stones are gypsum; (M, TA;) as also ↓ بَصَرَةٌ and ↓ بَصِرَةٌ; (so in a copy of the M, but accord. to the TA ↓ بُصْرَةٌ and ↓ بِصْرَةٌ;) but the last is app. an epithet: (M: [see بَصِرَةٌ, below; and بُصْرَةٌ:]) also tough clay in which is gypsum; (TA;) and ↓ بَصِرَةٌ signifies tough clay: (M, TA:) or بَصْرَةٌ, (M,) or ↓ بَصْرٌ, (TA,) tough and good clay, containing pebbles. (Lh, M, TA.) بُصْرَةٌ [in the TA, as on the authority of ISd, ↓ بَصْرَةٌ,] Good red land. (M, K.) See also بَصْرَةٌ.

بِصْرَةٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ.

بَصَرَةٌ: see بَصْرَةٌ.

أَرْضٌ بَصِرَةٌ Land in which are stones that cut the hoofs of beasts. (TA.) See also بَصْرَةٌ, in two places.

بَصِيرٌ Seeing; i. q. ↓ مُبْصِرٌ; (M, K;) contr. of ضَرِيرٌ: (S:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ, (M,) or of the measure فَاعِلٌ [i. e. ↓ بَاصِرٌ] : (TA:) pl. بُصَرَآءُ. (M, K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَبَصِيرٌ بِالعَيْنَيْنِ Verily he is one who sees with the two eyes. (Lh, M.) [Hence,] البَصِيرُ, as a name of God, The All-seeing; He who sees all things, both what are apparent thereof and what are occult, without any organ [of vision]. (TA.) And The dog; (M;) as also أَبُو بَصِيرٍ: (Msb:) because it is one of the most sharp-sighted of animals. (M.) b2: Endowed with mental perception; (B;) knowing; skilful; possessing understanding, intelligence, or skill: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (A.) One says, أَنَا بَصِيرٌ بِهِ I am knowing in it, or respecting it. (Msb.) and إِنَّهُ لَبَصِيرٌ بِالأَشْيَآءِ Verily he is knowing, or skilful, in things. (Lh, M.) And رَجُلٌ بَصِيرٌ بِالعِلْمِ A man knowing, or skilful, in science. (M.) and هُوَ مِنَ البُصَرَآءِ بِالِتّجَارَةِ He is of those who are knowing, or skilful, in commerce. (A.) b3: It is also an epithet applied to A blind man; (A'Obeyd, M, B;) and so أَبُو بَصِيرٍ: (TA in art. عور:) so applied as meaning endowed with mental perception; (B;) or as meaning a believer; (A'Obeyd, M;) or as an epithet of good omen: (M:) and أَبُو بَصِيرٍ is used as meaning الأَعْشَى [the weaksighted, &c.,] for this last reason. (M.) A2: See also بَصِيرَةٌ.

بَصِيرَةٌ Mental perception; the perceptive faculty of the mind; as also ↓ بَصَرٌ: (B:) knowledge; (Msb;) as also ↓ بَصَرٌ (S, Msb) and اِسْتِبْصَارٌ: (Msb:) understanding; intelligence; skill: (M, K:) البَصِيرَةُ signifies الاِ سْتِبْصَارُ فِى الشَّىْءِ [which implies all the meanings above: see 10]: (S:) and القَلْبِ ↓ بَصَرُ [in like manner] signifies mental perception or vision or view; idea, or opinion, occurring to the mind: (M, K:) the pl. of بَصِيرَةٌ is بَصَائرُ; (M, B;) and the pl. of ↓ بَصَرٌ, as syn. therewith, أَبْصَارٌ. (B.) [Sometimes it is opposed to بَصَرٌ, as in the first and second of the following exs.] أَهُونُ مِنْ عِمَى البَصَائِرِ ↓ عَمَى الأَبْصَارِ [Blindness of the eyes is a lighter thing than blindness of the perceptive faculties of the mind]. (A.) When Mo'áwiyeh said to Ibn-(??)Abbás, يَابَنِى

↓ هَاشِمٍ تُصَابُونَ فِى أَبْصَارِكُمْ [O sons of Háshim, ye are afflicted in your eyes], the latter replied, وَأَنْتُمْ يَا بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ تُصَابُونَ فِى بَصَائِرِكُمْ [And ye, O sons of Umeiyeh, are afflicted in your perceptive faculties of the mind]. (M.) and the Arabs say, أَعْمَى اللّٰهُ بَصَائِرَةُ May God blind his faculties of understanding! And one says, لَهُ فِرَاسَةٌ ذَاتُ بَصِيرَةٍ, and بَصَائِرَ, (tropical:) He possesses true intuitive perception. (A.) And رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ ذَاتَ البَصَائِرِ (tropical:) [I saw impressed upon thee the signs of perceptive faculties of the mind]. (A.) b2: Also Belief, or firm belief, of the heart, or mind. (M, K.) And عَلَى بَصِيرَةٍ According to, or agreeably with, knowledge and assurance: (TA:) and purposely; intentionally. (M, TA.) And عَلَى غَيْرِ بَصِيرَةٍ

Without certainty. (M, TA.) b3: Constancy, or firmness, in religion. (TA.) b4: An evidence, a testimony, a proof, an argument, or the like; as also ↓ مَبْصَرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَبْصَرٌ. (K.) b5: [and hence,] Blood, (M,) or somewhat thereof, (As, S, K,) by which one is directed to an animal that has been shot, or to the knowledge thereof: (As, AA, S, M, K:) or blood upon the ground; (Az, S;) what sticks upon the ground, not upon the body: (M:) what adheres to the body is termed جَدِيَّةٌ: (Az, S:) or a portion of blood of the size of a dirhem: (TA:) or what is of a round form, like a shield: or what is of an oblong form: or what is of the size of the فِرْسِن [or foot] of the camel: in all these explanations, blood being meant: or blood not flowing: or what flows thereof at one single time: (M:) or a portion of blood that glistens: (B:) and (as some say, M) the blood of a virgin: (M, K:) and blood-revenge: and a fine for homicide: (TA:) pl. بَصَائِرُ, as above: (S, M:) and ↓ بَصِيرٌ, which occurs in a verse cited by AHn, may also be a pl. of بَصِيرَةٌ, applied to blood, [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which بصيرة is the n. un.,] like as شَعِيرٌ is of شَعِيرَةٌ; or it may be for بصيرة, the ة being elided by poetic license; or it may be a dial. var. of بصيرة, like as one says بَيَاضٌ and بَيَاضَةٌ. (M.) ElAs'ar El-Joafee says, رَاحوا بَصَائِرُهُمْ عَلَى أَكْتَافِهِمْ وَبَصِيرَتِى يَعْدُو بِهَا عَتَدٌ وَأَى

[They went with their blood upon their shoulderblades; but my blood, a ready and swift and strong horse runs with it]; meaning, they neglected the blood of their father, and left it behind them; i. e., they did not take revenge for it; but I have sought my blood-revenge: (S, M: *) but see another explanation in what follows. (S. [See also Ham p. 59.]) b6: (tropical:) A witness: (Lh, S, * M, Mgh, K:) an observer and a witness. (A.) بَلِ الإِنْسَانُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ, in the Kur [lxxv. 14], means (tropical:) Nay, the man shall be witness against himself: (S, Mgh:) or it means that his arms, or hands, and his legs, or feet, and his tongue, shall be witnesses against him on the day of resurrection: (M:) Akh says that it is like the saying to a man, أَنْتَ حُجَّةٌ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ: (S:) the ة is added because the members are meant thereby; (B;) or to give intensiveness to the signification, (Mgh, B,) as in عَلَّامَةٌ and رَاوِيَةٌ; (B;) or because the meaning is عَيْنٌ بَصِيرَةٌ. (Mgh.) You say also, اِجْعَلْنِى بَصِيرَةً عَلَيْهِمْ (tropical:) Make thou me an observer of them and a witness against them. (Lh, * M, * A.) b2: An example by which one is admonished: (K:) pl. بَصَائِرُ; which is said to be used agreeably with this interpretation in the Kur xxviii. 43. (TA.) You say, أَمَا لَكَ بَصِيرَةٌ فِيهِ (tropical:) Hast thou not an example whereby thou shouldst be admonished in him? (TA.) A2: A shield: (AO, S, M, K:) or a glistening shield: or an oblong shield: (TA:) and a coat of mail: (AO, S, M, K:) and any defensive armour: (M, TA:) and بَصَائِرُ السِّلَاحِ any arms that are worn: and بِصَارٌ, as well as بَصَائِرُ, is a pl. thereof. (TA.) Accord. to AO, the verse of El-Joafee cited above commences thus: حَمَلُوا بَصَائِرَهُمْ عَلَى أَكْتَافِهِمْ and the meaning is, [They bore] their shields [upon their shoulder-blades]; or their coats of mail. (S.) A3: An oblong piece of cloth (K, TA) of cotton or other material. (TA.) [See بُصْرٌ.] Such is hung upon the door of a dwelling. (TA.) And you say, رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ بَصِيرَةً, i. e. شُقَّةً مُلَفَّقَةً

[app. meaning I saw upon him a garment composed of two oblong pieces of cloth joined and sewed together]. (TA.) b2: What is between the two oblong pieces of cloth [i. e. between any two of such pieces] of a بَيْت [or tent]; (S, K;) and what is between the two pieces of a مَزَادَة and the like; what is sewed, thereof, in the manner termed بَصْرٌ [inf. n. of بَصَرَ: see 1, last sentence]: (B:) pl. بَصَائِرُ: (S:) and ↓ بَاصِرٌ signifies [in like manner] what is joined and sewed together (مُلَفَّق) between two oblong pieces of cloth or two pieces of rag. (TA.) بَاصِرٌ: see بَصِيرٌ. b2: لَمْحٌ بَاصِرٌ (tropical:) An intent, or a hard, glance: (M, K:) or a very intent or hard glance. (S.) You say, أَرَيْتُهُ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) I showed him a very intent or hard glance: (S, M: *) باصرا being here used for the augmented epithet [مُبْصِرًا]; (M;) or it is a possessive epithet, (Yaakoob, M,) like لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ, meaning ذُو بَصَرٍ, from أَبْصَرْتُ, like مَوْتٌ مَائِتٌ from

أَمَتُّ; and it means I showed him a severe thing. (S.) And لَقِىَ مِنْهُ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) He experienced from him a manifest, or an evident, thing. (M. [See also art. لمح.]) And رَأَى فُلَانٌ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) Such a one beheld a terrible thing. (Lth, TA.) And أَرَانِى الزَّمَانُ لَمْحًا بَاصِرًا (tropical:) Fortune showed me a terrifying thing. (A.) b3: It is said in a prov., خَيْرُ الغَدَآءِ بَوَاكِرُهُ وَخَيْرُ العَشَآءِ بَوَاصِرُهُ, [the word بَوَاصِرُ being pl. of ↓ بَاصِرَةٌ,] meaning [The best kinds of morning-meal are those thereof that are early; and the best kinds of evening-meal are those thereof] in which the food is seen, before the invasion of night. (Meyd. See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 442.) b4: بَاصِرَةٌ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates]: see بَصَرٌ.

A2: See also بَصَيرَةٌ, last sentence.

بَاصِرَةٌ: see بَصَرٌ: and see بَاصِرٌ.

بَاصُورٌ: see بَاسُورٌ.

بِنْصِرٌ: see art. بنصر.

أَبْصَرُ [More, and most, sharp-sighted or clearsighted: see an ex. voce حَيَّةٌ].

مَبْصَرٌ: see بَصَيرةٌ.

مُبْصَرٌ and its fem. مُبْصَرَةٌ: see the next paragraph, in three places.

مُبْصِرٌ: see بَصِيرٌ. b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) A watcher, or guard, set in a garden. (A.) b3: And المُبْصِرُ (assumed tropical:) The lion, which sees his prey from afar, and pursues it. (K.) A2: [Making, or causing, to see, or to have sight: and hence, giving light; shining; illumining: and conspicuous; manifest; evident; apparent: also making, or causing, to have mental perception, or knowledge, or skill.] وَالنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا, in the Kur [x. 68, &c. (in the CK ↓ والنّهارُ مُبْصَرًا)], means, And the day [causing to see; or] in which one sees; (K;) giving light; shining; or illumining. (TA.) And فَلَمَّا جَآءَتْهُمْ آيَاتُنَا مُبْصِرَةً, also in the Kur [xxvii. 13], (assumed tropical:) And when our signs came to them, making them to have sight, or to have mental perception, or knowledge, or skill; expl. by تَجْعَلُهُمْ بُصَرَآءَ: (Akh, S, K:) or giving light; shining; or illumining: (S:) or being conspicuous, manifest, or evident: or we may read ↓ مُبْصَرَةً, meaning having become manifest, or evident. (Zj, M.) And آتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً, also in the Kur [xvii. 61], (assumed tropical:) And we gave to Thamood the she-camel, by means of which they had sight, or mental perception, or knowledge, or skill: (Akh:) or a sign giving light, shining, or illumining; (Fr, T;) and this is the right explanation: (T:) or a manifest, or an evident, sign: (Zj, L, K:) and some read ↓ مُبْصَرَةً, meaning having become manifest, so as to be seen. (Zj, L.) And جَعَلْنَا آيَةَ النَّهَارِ مُبْصِرَةً, also in the Kur [xvii. 13], (tropical:) We have made the sign of the day manifest, or apparent. (K, TA.) A3: One who hangs upon his door a بَصِيرَة, i. e. an oblong piece of cloth (K, TA) of cotton or other material. (TA.) مَبْصَرَةٌ: see بَصِيرَةٌ.

مُسْتَبْصِرٌ One who seeks, or endeavours, to see a thing plainly or clearly [either with the eyes or with the mind]. (TA, from a trad.) b2: وَكَانُوا مُسْتَبْصِرِينَ, in the Kur [xxix. 37], means, and they were endowed with perceptive faculties of the mind, or of knowledge, or of skill: (Jel:) or they clearly perceived, when they did what they did, that the result thereof would be their punishment. (M.) And you say, هُوَ مُسْتَبْصِرٌ فِى دِينِهِ وَعَمَلِهِ He is endowed with mental perception, or knowledge, or understanding, intelligence, or skill, in his religion and his actions. (TA.)