ترب

1 تَرِبَ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. تَرَبٌ, (M,) It (a thing) became dusted, or dusty; dust lighted upon it: (S, TA:) it (a place, M,) had much dust, or earth; abounded with dust, or earth. (M, K, TA.) b2: He (a man, M) had dust, or earth, in his hand. (M, K.) b3: Also, (T, S, M, &c.,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He clave to the dust, or earth: (M, K:) or he clave to the dust, or earth, by reason of poverty; (M;) he became so poor that he clave to the dust, or earth: (A'Obeyd, T:) or he became poor, (T, S, Msb,) as though he clave to the dust, or earth: (S, Msb:) and he suffered loss, and became poor, (M, K,) so that he clave to the dust, or earth; (M;) inf. n. as above, (M, K,) and مَــتْرَبَــةٌ, (M,) or مَــتْرَبٌ, (K,) or both of these: (TA:) his wealth became little; (A;) as also ↓ اترب, (M, A, K,) and ↓ ترّب: (K:) or ↓ اترب signifies, (T, S, M,) or signifies also, (A, K,) and so تَرِبَ, (A,) and ↓ ترّب, (K,) his wealth became much, or abundant, (T, M, A, K,) so that it was like the dust, or earth; which is the more known meaning of the verb; (M;) or he became rich; (S, Msb;) as though he became possessed of wealth equal in quantity to the dust, or earth: (S, A:) accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás, ↓ تَتْرِيبٌ signifies [the having] much wealth; and also [the having] little wealth. (T.) You say, ↓ تَرِبَ بَعْدَ مَا أَــتْرَبَ , meaning He became poor after he had been rich. (A.) b4: تَرِبَــتْ يَدَاكَ, (T, S, A, Msb, in the M and K يَدَاهُ,) a form of imprecation, (S, Msb,) meaning [May thine arms, or thy hands, cleave to the dust, or earth, by reason of poverty; as is implied in the T: or] may thy hands have in them dust, or earth: (Ham p. 275:) or mayest thou not obtain, or attain, good: (S, K: *) or mayest thou be unsuccessful, or fail of attaining thy desire, and suffer loss: (A:) occurring in a trad., and as some relate, (A'Obeyd, T,) not meant as an imprecation; (A'Obeyd, T, Msb;) being a phrase current with the Arabs, who use it without desiring its fulfilment; (A'Obeyd, T;) but meant to incite, or instigate: (Msb:) some say that it means may thy hands become rich; but this is a mistake: (A'Obeyd, T:) and it is said to mean لِلّٰهِ دَرُّكَ [which see in art. در]: and some say that it is literally an imprecation: but the first assertion is the most worthy of respect, (that it is not meant as an imprecation,) and is corroborated by the saying, in a trad., اِنْعِمْ صَبَاحًا تَرِبَــتْ يَدَاكَ [Mayest thou have a pleasant morning: may thine arms, or thy hands, &c.]. (TA.) تَرِبَــتْ جَبِينُهُ [May his forehead (for so جبين here means, as it does in some other instances,) cleave to the dust, or earth,] was said by Mohammad in reproving a man, and is said to mean a prayer that the man might be frequent in prostrating himself in prayer. (TA from a trad.) And he said to one of his companions, تَرِبَــتْ نَحْرُكَ [May the uppermost part of thy breast cleave to the dust, or earth], and the man was [afterwards] slain a martyr: therefore this is to be understood in its obvious sense. (TA.) A2: See also 4, in four places.2 ترّب, inf. n. تَتْرِيبٌ: see 1, in three places: A2: and see also 4, in four places.3 تَارَبَتْهَا She became her تِرْب; (M, K;) [i. e.] she (a girl) matched her, namely, another girl; she was, or became, her match, fellow, or equal; syn. حَاذَتْهَا. (A, TA.) b2: [The inf. n.] مُتَارَبَةٌ also signifies The associating, or consorting, of أَتْرَابٌ [pl. of تِرْبٌ, q. v.]. (K.) 4 اترب: see 1, in three places.

A2: اتربــهُ He put dust, or earth, upon it, (S, M, A, K,) namely, a thing; (S, M;) as also ↓ ترّبــهُ: (A, K:) or the latter, inf. n. تَتْرِيبٌ, signifies he defiled it, or soiled it, (namely, a thing,) with dust, or earth: (S:) or you say, ↓ تَرَبَــهُ, (TA,) or تَرَبَــهُ بِالتُّرَابِ, (Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. تَرْبٌ, (TA,) [meaning he sprinkled it with dust,] namely, a writing [for the purpose of drying up the ink], (Msb,) or a paper; (TA;) and ↓ ترّبــهُ, (T, Msb, TA,) with teshdeed, (Msb,) [meaning he sprinkled much dust upon it; or sprinkled it much with dust;] namely, a writing; (T, Msb, TA;) the latter having an intensive signification: (Msb:) or ↓ the former of the last two verbs is used in speaking of anything that is improved, or put into a right or proper state [by means of dust or earth]; and ↓ the latter of them, in speaking of anything that is injured or marred or spoiled [thereby]: you say, الإِهَابَ ↓ تَرَبَــتِ [She sprinkled, or put, dust, or earth, upon the hide], to prepare it properly for use; and so of a skin for water or milk. (TA.) It is said in a trad., [accord. to one reading,] اتْرِبُــوا الكِتَابَ [Sprinkle ye the writing with dust]. (S. [So in three copies of that work: probably أَــتْرِبُــوا; but perhaps ↓ اِــتْرِبُــوا: the reading commonly known is ↓ تَرِّبُــوا.]) A3: اترب also signifies He possessed a slave who had been possessed three times. (T, K.) 5 تــترّب He, (T,) or it, (S,) became defiled, or soiled, (T, S,) in the dust, or earth, (T,) or with dust, or earth: (S:) it had dust, or earth, sticking to it. (M.) تَرْبٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

تُرْبٌ: see تُرَابٌ, in three places.

تِرْبٌ One born at the same time with thee; (M, K;) a coëtanean; a contemporary in birth; an equal in age: an equal; a match; a fellow; a peer, or compeer: syn. لِدَةٌ: (T, S, M, A, K:) and سِنٌّ: (M, A, K:) applied to a male and to a female; (TA;) but mostly to a female; (M;) or, accord. to an opinion confirmed by [most of] the leading lexicologists, only to a female; and سِنٌّ is applied, as also قَرْنٌ, to a male; and لِدَةٌ, to a male and a female: (TA:) pl. أَتْرَابٌ. (S, M, A.) [The following exs. are given.] Yousay, [applying it to a female,] هٰذِهِ تِرْبُ هٰذِهِ, (T, S,) and هِىَ تِرْبُــهَا, (M,) and هِىَ تِرْبِــى; (K;) and [applying it to females and males,] هُمَا تِرْبَــانِ, (T, A,) and هُنَّ أَتْرَابٌ, (S, A,) and هُمْ أَتْرَابٌ. (A.) Accord. to Th, عُرُبًا أَــتْرَبًــا, in the Kur [lvi. 36], means [Showing love to their husbands;] like, or equal, unto them, or resembling them: which is a good rendering, as there is no begetting or bearing of children, [or rather as the latter word does not apply to females born or generated,] in that case. (TA.) تَرِبٌ, applied to a place, (M, TA,) and to soil, (TA,) Abounding with dust; dusty: (T, M, TA:) and to food, (T,) or flesh-meat, (A,) defiled, or soiled, (T, A,) in the dust, (T,) or with dust. (A.) You say also ↓ أَرْضٌ تَرْبَــآءُ meaning Land in which are dust and moist earth. (M.) And رِيحٌ تَرِبَــةٌ, (T, S, M,) and تَرِبٌ, (T,) A wind that carries with it dust: (T:) or that brings dust: (S:) or that drives along the dust: [or having dust: for] thus used it is a possessive epithet. (M.) b2: Also Cleaving to the dust by reason of want; having nothing between him and the earth: (IAar, T:) [cleaving to the dust by reason of poverty; see 1:] poor, as though cleaving to the dust: (Msb:) and [simply,] poor: (IAar, T, TA:) or needy, or in want. (M.) [See also مُــتْرِبٌ.]

تُرْبَــةٌ: see تُرَابٌ, in seven places. b2: Also A man's رَمْس [i. e. his grave: so in the present day: pl. تُربٌ: or the earth, or dust, thereof]: (M:) or a cemetery, burial-place, or place of graves or of a grave: [so, too, in the present day:] pl. تُرَبٌ. (Msb.) تَرَبَــةٌ: see the word next following.

تَرِبَــةٌ The end of a finger; i. e. the joint in which is the nail; syn. أَنْمَلَةٌ: (S, K:) pl. تَرِبَــاتٌ. (S.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ تَرَبَــةٌ, and ↓ تَرْبَــآءُ, (M, K,) A certain plant, (S, M, K,) growing in the plains, or in soft land, having serrated leaves: or, as some say, a certain thorny tree, of which the fruit is like a suspended unripe date, growing in the plains, or in soft land, and in rugged ground, and in Tihámeh: accord. to AHn, the تَرِبَــة is a green herb, or leguminous plant, that has a purging effect upon camels: (M:) [accord. to Meyd, as stated by Golius, what is called in Persian خنفج; i. e. the plant thlaspi; and to this it is applied in the present day.]

تَرْبَــآءُ: see تُرَابٌ, in five places: A2: and see تَرِبٌ: A3: and تَرِبَــةٌ.

تُرَبَــآءُ: see تُرَابٌ.

تَرَبُــوتٌ A submissive, or tractable, camel; applied to the male (T, S, M, K) and to the female: (T, S, K:) from تُرَابٌ, (S, M,) because of the abasement thereof; or, as Sb holds it to be, for دَرَبُوتٌ, by the change of د into ت: accord. to Lh, a [camel such as is termed] بَكْر that is trained, or rendered submissive or tractable; and in like manner a she-camel, one that will follow a person if he takes hold of her lip or her eyelash: and As, who derives it from تٌرَابٌ, says that this epithet is applied to land, or ground, and any other thing, that is ذَلُول [i.e. easy to walk or ride upon, &c.]. (M.) تُرَابٌ and ↓ تُرْبٌ (Lth, T, S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ تَرْبٌ (CK [but this I do not find elsewhere]) and ↓ تُرْبَــةً (S, A, * K) and ↓ تَرْبَــآءُ (Lth, T, S, A, * K) and ↓ تُرَبَــآءُ (S, M, K) and ↓ تَوْرَابٌ and ↓ تَوْرَبٌ and ↓ تَيْرَابٌ and ↓ تَيْرَبٌ [and ↓ تَيرَبٌ as will be seen below] and ↓ تَرِيبٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ تِرْيَبٌ, (M, K) accord. to MF ↓ تَرْيَبٌ, which is perhaps a dial. var., and accord. to some ↓ تِرْيِبٌ, and ↓ تَرْيَابٌ, (TA,) signify the same, (Lth, T, S, M, A, K,) and are words of which the meaning is well known: (A, K:) [i. e. Dust: and earth: generally the former; i. e. fine, dry, particles of earth; as when we say, الرِّيحُ تَسُوقُ التُّرَابَ The wind drives along the dust: but we also use the expression تُرَابٌ نَدٍ, meaning moist earth, the explanation, in Lexicons, of the word ثَرًى:] ?ثَرًى is تُرَابٌ; and when it ceases to be moist, it is still تراب, but is not then called ثرى: (Msb voce ثرى:) accord. to Fr, تُرَابٌ is a gen. n., from which is formed neither dual nor pl.: and its rel. n. is ↓ تُرَابِىٌّ: (TA:) [but when it means a kind of dust or earth, as ↓ تُرْبَــةٌ also does sometimes, it has a pl.: in this case,] accord. to Lh, (M,) its pl. is أَــتْرِبَــةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and تِرْبَــانٌ [a pl. of mult.]; (S, M, K) and some add تُرْبَــانٌ: (TA:) [and when ↓ تُرْبَــةٌ has this, or a similar, meaning, it has for its pl. تُرَبٌ; as in the phrase أَطْيَبُ الــتُّرَبِ the best of the kinds of earth, occurring in this art. in the A:] but no pl. of any of the other syn. words mentioned above has been heard: (M, K:) AAF says that تراب is the pl. of ترب; [app. meaning that تُرَابٌ is a quasi-pl. n. (which is often called in lexicons a pl.) of تُرْبٌ;] but MF observes that this requires consideration: (TA:) Lth says that ↓ تُرْبٌ and تُرَابٌ are syn.; but when the fem. forms of these words are used, they say, ↓ أَرْضٌ طَيّبَةُ الــتُّرْبَــة meaning Land that is good in respect of the natural constitution of its dust or earth; and ↓ تُرَابَةٌ when meaning A layer, or lamina, of dust or earth, such as is not perceived by the sight, but only by the imagination: (T:) or this last word and ↓ تُرْبَــةٌ signify a portion of dust or earth: and الأَرْضِ ↓ تُرْبَــةُ signifies the exterior, or external part, of the earth: (M:) and ↓ الــتَّرْبَــآءُ, the earth (S, K) itself. (S.) The Arabs said, التُّرَابُ لَكَ [Dust, or earth, be thy lot]; using the nom. case, although meaning an imprecation, because the word is a simple subst., not an inf. n.: but Lh mentions the phrase التُّرَابَ لِلْأَبْعَدِ [Dust, or earth, be the lot of the remote from good]; saying that the accus. case is used, as though the phrase were an imprecation [of the ordinary kind, in which an inf. n. is used in the accus. case as the absolute complement of its own verb understood]. (M.) And لَهُ التُّرَابُ is a phrase used as meaning (assumed tropical:) [He has, or shall have, or may he have,] disappointment, (Msb in art. عهر,) or, nothing. (A 'Obeyd, Mgh in art. فرش.) لَهُ وَجَنْدَلًا ↓ تُرْبًــا is also a form of imprecation, in which substs. in the proper sense of the term are used in the manner of inf. ns., put in the accus. case by reason of a verb unexpressed; as though it were for تَرِبَــتْ يَدَاهُ وَجُنْدِلَتْ [May his arms, or his hands, cleave to the dust, or earth, and the stones, by reason of poverty]: and some of the Arabs put the nouns in the nom. case, still using the phrase in the same sense, as though they were in the accus. (M.) One says also, ↓ بِفِيهِ التَّوْرَبُ and ↓ التَّيْرَبُ and ↓ التِّيِرَبُ and ↓ الــتَّرْبَــآءُ and ↓ التَّوْرَابُ [In his mouth is dust, or earth: or may dust, or earth, be in his mouth; i. e. may he die, or be in his grave]. (T.) It is said in a trad. that God created the ↓ تُرْبَــة [meaning the dust, or soil, or, accord. to the TA the earth (أَرْض),] on the seventh day of the week; and created upon it the mountains on the first day; and the trees, on the second day. (T.) and one says, ↓ لَأَضْرِبَنَّهُ حَتَّى يَعَضَّ بِالــتَّرْبَــآءِ, (Lth, T, A,) meaning [I will assuredly beat him so that he shall bite] the dust, or earth. (Lth, T.) and ↓ بَيْنَهُمَا مَا بَيْنَ الجَرْبَآءِ وَالــتَّرْبَــآءِ, meaning [Between them two is the space that is between] the heaven and the earth. (A.) تَرِيبٌ: see تُرَابٌ: A2: and see also تَرِيبَةٌ, in two places.

تَرْيَبٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

تَرْيَبٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

تِرْيِبٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

تُرَابَةٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

تَرِيبَةٌ, (S, M, TA,) or ↓ تَرِيبٌ, (TA,) sing. of تَرَائِبُ, (S, M, TA,) which signifies The part of the breast which is the place of the collar, or necklace: (T, M, K:) so by the common consent of the lexicologists: (T:) or the bones of the breast: (M, A, K:) or the bones of the breast that are between the collar-bone and the pap: (S:) or the part of the breast, or chest, that is next to the two collar-bones: or the part that is between the two breasts and the collar-bones: or four ribs of the right side of the chest and four of the left thereof: (M, K:) or the two arms and two legs and two eyes: (T, M, K:) it is also said that the تَرِيبَتَانِ are the two ribs that are next to the two collar-bones: IAth says that the تَرِيبَة is the uppermost part of the human breast, beneath the chin; and its pl. is as above: accord. to IF, in the Mj, the ↓ تريب is the breast, or chest: MF says that ترائب relates to males and females in common; but most of the authors on strange words affirm decidedly that it is peculiar to women: (TA:) the تَرِيبَة of the camel is the part in which it is stabbed, or stuck; syn. مَنْحَر. (M.) تُرَابىُّ rel. n. of تُرَابٌ, q. v. (Fr, TA.) تَرْيَابٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

تَوْرَبٌ: see تُرَابٌ, first sentence, and near the end of the paragraph.

تَيْرَبٌ: see تُرَابٌ, first sentence, and near the end of the paragraph.

تِيرَبٌ: see تُرَابٌ, first sentence, and near the end of the paragraph.

تَوْرَابٌ: see تُرَابٌ, first sentence, and near the end of the paragraph.

تَيْرَابٌ: see تُرَابٌ.

أَــتْرَبُ: see what next follows.

مُــتْرِبٌ Possessing much wealth; (T, K;) rich; without want; or having wealth like the dust, or earth: (Lh and M: [in the TA, اترب is mentioned as having this meaning; perhaps by a mistranscription: if not, it must be ↓ أَــتْرَبُ:]) and having little wealth: thus it bears two contr. significations: (K:) but the former is the more known. (TA.) مَــتْرَبَــةٌ The suffering loss, and becoming poor, so as to cleave to the dust, or earth; an inf. n. of تَرِبَ: (M:) or poverty, or neediness: (S, TA:) [or (as a word of the same class as مَجْبَنَةُ and مَبْخَلَةٌ) a cause of cleaving to the dust, or earth: and hence,] ذُومَــتْرَبَــةٍ Poor, so as to be cleaving to the dust, or earth: (T:) or [simply] cleaving to the dust, or earth. (S.) Quasi ترث تُرَاثٌ: see وَرِثَ and وِرْثٌ.

ربع

1 رَبَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) He took the fourth part of their property, or possessions. (Msb, K.) And (so in the K, but in the Msb “ or,”) رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb,) not, as is implied in the K, رَبِعَ only, (TA,) [or rather, not رَبَعَ only,] inf. n. as above, and رباعة [most probably رباعَةٌ] also, (L,) He took the fourth part of their spoil: (S, Sgh, Msb, K:) i. e., of the spoil of an army: this was done in the Time of Ignorance, but El-Islám reduced it to a fifth part; (K;) as is declared in the Kur viii.

42. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَلَمْ أَجْعَلْكَ تَرْبَــعُ وَتَدْسَعُ, (S, * TA,) mentioned [and explained] in art. دسع, q. v.: the meaning [intended] is, Did I not make thee an obeyed chief? (TA.) b2: and رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb,) or رَبَعَ الثَّلَاثَةَ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) [inf. n., app., رَبْعٌ,] He became the fourth of them; (S, Sgh, Msb;) or, the fourth of the three: (TA:) or he made the three to be four by [adding to them] himself. (K.) And رَبَعَهُمْ also signifies He made them, by adding himself to them, forty: or, four and forty. (K, * TA.) And He made them (namely thirteen) to be fourteen. (T in art. ثلث.) b3: رَبَعَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. رَبعٌ, (S,) He twisted it (namely a bow-string, S, TA, and a rope, or cord, K, TA) of four twists, or strands. (S, K.) A2: رَبَعَت الإِبِلُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) i. q. ↓ وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ; (S, K;) i. e., The camels, having been kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, came to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (K.) [See رِبْعٌ, below. Another meaning of this phrase will be found later in the present paragraph.] Hence, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ: see 4. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (Msb;) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَتْهُ, but not رَبَعَتْهُ; (IAar;) or the phrase used by the Arabs is عليه الحمّى ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ: (Az, TA:) The fever seized him on one day and left him two days and then came again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first], (S, Msb, K,) and so on. (Msb.) and رُبِعَ, and ↓ أْرْبِعَ, (S, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَ is said to be also used in the same sense, (TA,) He had, or was seized by, a quartan fever; a fever of the kind described above. (S, K, TA.) b3: رَبَعَ said of a horse, He came fourth in the race. (T, M, L, all in art. ثلث.) A3: رُبِعَ, said of a man, also signifies He was hit, or hurt, in the أَرْبَاع, meaning regions, of his head. (TA.) A4: رَبَعَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain watered the earth and made it to produce herbage: see رَبِيعٌ]. (TA.) And رُبِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S.) And رُبِعُوا They were rained upon by the rain of the season called رَبِيع; (K, * TA;) similar to قِيظُوا and صِيفُوا: (TA in art. قيظ:) and in like manner, رُبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were rained upon by that rain: and مَرْبَعٌ may be an inf. n. thereof. (Ham p. 425.) b2: Hence, i. e. from رَبَعَ المَطَرُالأَرْضَ, the phrase, رَبَعَ الفَرَسُ عَلَى قَوَائِمِهِ (assumed tropical:) The horse sweated in his legs. (TA.) b3: And [hence also,] رَبَعَهُ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) God restored him from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered him from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) A5: رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رُبُوعٌ, The [season called] ربيع commenced. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) in its primary acceptation, signifies He remained, abode, or dwelt, in the place in the [season called]

رَبِيع; (TA;) as also بِهِ ↓ ارتبع. (S, K.) b3: and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He remained, abode, or dwell, in the place, (K, TA,) in any circumstances, and at any time; (TA;) he took it as his home. (K.) b4: Also He alighted and abode wherever he would, in the place, in abundance of herbage, and pasturage. (K, * TA.) b5: رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) The camels fed by themselves in the pasturage, and ate as they pleased, and drank. (K.) [Another meaning of this phrase has been mentioned before.] b6: رَبَعَ فِى المَآءَ He (a man, TA) acted according to his own opinion or judgment, or did what he judged fit, with respect to the water. (K.) b7: رَبَعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) said of a man, also signifies He had, or obtained, abundance of herbage (K, TA) [arising] from the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b8: Also, [app. from رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ in the second of the senses explained above, and if so, tropical, or doubly tropical,] aor. َ0, (assumed tropical:) He (a man, ISk, S) paused, (ISk, S, K,) and acted, or behaved, with deliberation or in a leisurely manner, (K,) and withheld himself. (ISk, S, K.) And [hence,] رَبَعَ عَلَيْهِ, (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was affectionate, or pitiful, or compassionate, towards him: (K:) or he acted gently towards him. (TA.) And رَبَعَ عَنْهُ (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He restrained himself, refrained, abstained, or desisted, from it. (K.) The phrases اِرْبَعْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ and اربع على ظَلْعِكَ (S, K) and اربع عَلَيْكَ (K) are from رَبَعَ in the sense of “ he paused,” &c., (S, K,) as explained by ISk, (S,) [or in one of the senses following that,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Deal thou gently with thyself; moderate thyself; restrain thyself: (S, TA:) or behave thou with deliberation, or in a leisurely manner: or the second of these phrases may mean continue thou notwithstanding thy slight lameness: or it may be from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, [q. v. infrà,] meaning take thou it, or reach it, notwithstanding thy slight lameness. (TA.) The phrase اِرْبَعِى بِنَفْسِكِ, or عَلَى نَفْسِكِ, in the trad. of Subey'ah El-Aslameeyeh, accord. to two different relations, admits of two interpretations: one is, (assumed tropical:) Pause thou, and wait for the completion of the عِدَّة [q. v.] of decease; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who say that her عدّة is the more remote of the two periods, which is the persuasion of 'Alee and I'Ab: the second is, from رَبَعَ الرّجُلُ signifying “ the man had, or obtained, abundance of herbage,” and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) relieve thou thyself, and release thyself from the straitness of the عدّة, and the evil of thy condition; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who hold that her عدّة is the nearer of the two periods; and hence 'Omar said, “If she bring forth when her husband is on his bier, meaning, not buried, it is allowable for her to marry. ” (TA.) It is also said, in another trad., لَا يَرْبَعُ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يُحْزِنُهُ أَمْرُكَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He will not restrain himself, and be patient with thee, whom thy case does not grieve. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., حَدِّثِ امْرَأَةً حَدِيثَيْنِ فَإِنْ أَبَتْ فَارْبَعْ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Speak thou to a woman twice; and if she refuse, abstain thou: or, accord. to one relation, it is ↓ فَأَرْبِعْ: and accord. to another, فَارْبَعْهُ, i. e., then add; for she is very weak in understanding; if she understand not, then make thou the two speeches to be four: Aboo-Sa'eed says, فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْهَمْ بَعْدَ الأَرْبَعَةِ فَالْمِرْبَعَة, i. e., [and if she understand not after the four, then] the stick [is to be used; or, then use thou the stick]: the prov. applies to the hearing and answering in an evil manner. (TA.) You say also, رَبَعَتْ عَلَى عَقْلِ فُلَانٍ وَكَسَرَ فِيهَا رِبَاعَهُ, inf. n. رِبَاعَةٌ, (tropical:) [app. She behaved in a gentle and coaxing manner so as to get the better of the reason, or understanding, of such a one, and he sold his houses one after another to expend upon her;] i. e., he expended upon her all that he possessed, so that he sold his dwellings. (TA. [The و before كسر is not in the TA; but as it seems to have been dropped by inadvertence, I have supplied it.]) A6: رَبَعَ الفَصِيلُ The young camel widened his stepping, and ran; as also ↓ ارتبع. (TA.) A7: رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتبعهُ; (S;) He raised, or lifted, the stone, (S, K, TA,) with the hand; (K, TA;) or carried it; (TA;) for trial of strength. (K.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يَرْبَعُونَ حَجَرًا, [He passed by a company of men raising, &c., a stone]; and ↓ يَرْتَبِعُونَ [signifies the same]; (S;) and ↓ يَــتَرَبَّــعُونَ. (Z, TA.) b2: رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ (TA,) He put the [staff, or small staff, called] مِرْبَعَة beneath the load, and took hold of one end of the former, while another took hold of the other end, and then raised it, (S, K,) with the help of his companion, (K,) upon the camel, (S,) or upon the beast. (K,) [See also 3.]

A8: رَبِعَ بِعَيْشِهِ He (a man) approved his life; was satisfied, or content, with it. (TA.) 2 ربّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْبِــيعٌ, He made it four. (EshSheybánee, K voce وَحَّدَهُ.) b2: He made it (a thing) مُرَبَّع; (S, K;) i. e. he made it to have four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.]: or he made it of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يُثَلِّثُ وَلَا يُرَبَبّعُ Such a one counts three Khaleefehs, [namely, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán,] and [does not count a fourth, i. e.,] rejects [' Alee,] the fourth. (TA in art. ثلث.) b4: رَبَّعَتْ She brought forth her fourth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b5: ربّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained four nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: تَرْبِــيعٌ also signifies [The watering of seed-produce on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first;] the watering of seed-produce that is [next] after the تَثْلِيث. (TA.) [You say, ربّع الزَّرْعَ He watered the seed-produce on the fourth day, &c.]3 عَامَلَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, (Ks, S, K,) or اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, and رِبَاعاً, (K,) [He bargained with him for work, or he hired him, or took him as a hireling, by, or for, the season called رِبَيع,] is from الرَّبِيع, (K,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (Ks, S, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (K,) and مُصَايَفَةً (Ks, S, TA) from الصَّيْفُ, &c. (TA.) A2: مُرَابَعَةٌ also signifies The taking hold of the hand of another person beneath a load, and so raising it upon the camel, without a [staff, or small staff, such as is called] مِرْبَعَة. (S, * K, * TA.) You say, رَابَعَهُ He took hold of his hand &c. (IAar.) [See also 1; last signification but one.]4 اربع القَوْمُ The party of men (three in number, Msb) became four: (S, Msb, K: [but in the last of these, mentioned after another signification with which it is connected by the conjunction أَوْ “ or ”]) or, became forty. (TA.) A2: أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, and أَرْبَعَتْهُ, and أُرْبِعَ, and أَرْبَعَ: see رَبَعَتْ عليه الحمّى, [which is from رَبَعَتِ الأِبِلُ,] in three places; and رُبِعَ, in two places. b2: أَغِبُّوا فِى عِيَادَةِ المَرِيضِ وَأَرْبِعُوا, occurring in a trad., [Come ye every third day, and every fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first, in visiting the sick; or, which is the same, leave ye him one day, and] leave ye him two days, and come to him on the third day, in visiting the sick; unless he be overcome [by his sickness]: (S, TA:) this is [in like manner] from the water-ing of camels termed رِبْعٌ. (TA.) You say also, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ He omitted visiting the sick man two days, and came to him on the third; (O, K;) or, as in the L, and in [some of] the copies of the S, on the fourth [if counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] اربع عَلَيْهِ السَّائِلُ The asker, or beggar, asked, or begged, then went away, and then returned. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K. *) b4: And اربع بِالْمَرْأَةِ He returned to the مُجَامَعَة of the woman without langour: (L:) or اربع alone, said of a man, multum coïvit. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) b5: and اربع الوِرْدُ, (O, K,) i. e. أَرْبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالْوِرْدِ, (TA,) The camels quickly returned to watering, (O, * K, * TA,) so that they came to water without any appointed time: (TA:) mentioned by A 'Obeyd as written with the pointed غ, which is a mistranscription. (L, TA.) b6: And اربع said of the water of a well, It [returned quickly so that it] became abundant, or copious. (K.) b7: Said of a man, it also signifies ↓ وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْغًا; (S;) [meaning] He was, or became, one whose camels came in the state in which they are termed رَوَابِع [i. e. being watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ: whence, likewise, what next follows]. (TA.) b8: اربع الإِبِلَ He watered the camels in the manner termed رِبْعًا [i. e. on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) b9: This last phrase, also, (K,) or اربع الإِبِلَ عَلَى المَآءِ, (As,) signifies He sent and left the camels to go to the water whenever they pleased. (As, K. *) [Another signification of the verb thus applied will be found below.]

A3: اربع, (inf. n. إِرْبَاعٌ, S, Msb) He (a sheep or goat, a bull, a solid-hoofed beast, and a camel,) became what is termed رَبَاعٍ: i. e., he shed the tooth called رَبَاعِيَة: (S, Msb, K:) it is when they do this that the camel and the horse begin to be strong. (TA.) A4: اربع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, entered the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and ”] it has the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph. (K.) b2: And (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) The people, or company of men, remained in the place where they had alighted and taken up their abode in the [season called] رَبِيع, abstaining from seeking after herbage; (S, K, TA;) the rain having been general, they remained where they were, because of the general fertility, not needing to remove for seeking after herbage. (TA.) [See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ.] b3: And The people, or company of men, came to, or arrived at, land of seed-produce and fruitfulness, and water. (TA.) b4: اربع الغَيْثُ The rain caused the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or the rain confined the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance. (Msb.) b5: اربعت الأَرْضُ The earth, or land, produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) b6: اربع said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood: (S, TA:) this being likened to the [season called] رَبِيع (TA.) b7: اربع إِبِلَهُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا He pastured his camels in the [season called] رَبِيع in such a place. (S.) b8: اربعت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel's womb was, or became, closed, (اِسْتَغْلَقَتْ رَحِمُهَا,) so that it did not admit the seminal fluid; (Lth, K;) [perhaps because this commonly takes place in the season called رَبِيع, meaning either the spring or the season called رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ; the usual season of the coupling of camels being winter;] as also ↓ ارتبعت. (TA.) A5: اربع لَهَا بِا لكَلَامِ He made an abominable request to her; mentioned in the T in art. عذم; (TA;) meaning سَأَلَهَا الوَطْءَ فِى الدُّبُرِ. (TA in art. عذم.) A6: See also a prov. mentioned in the latter part of the first paragraph.5 تربّــع فِى جُلُوسِهِ (S, K) [He crossed his legs in his sitting; i. e. he sat cross-legged; because a person who does so puts himself in such a posture as to occupy nearly a square space;] contr. of جَثَا and أَقْعَى. (K.) A2: تربّــع said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a horse, (TA,) He ate the [herbage called] رَبِيع (S, K, TA,) and in consequence became brisk, lively, or sprightly, (TA,) and fat; (K, TA;) and ↓ ارتبع signifies the same: (S, K:) or تربّــعوا and ↓ ارتبعوا signify they lighted on, or found, [herbage called] رَبِيع: or they lighted on it, or found it, and remained among it: and تربّــعت الإِبِلُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا The camels remained, or abode, in such a place. (TA.) You say also, تَرَبَّــعْنَا فِى الحَزْنِ وَالصَّمَّانِ We pastured upon the herbs, or leguminous plants, during the winter, upon the rugged ground and the hard and stony ground by the side of sand. (TA.) b2: تربّــعت النَّخِيلُ The palm-trees had their fruit cut off; (TA, and in some copies of the K;) [because this is done in the autumn, which is called الرّبِيع.]

A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] تربّــعت النَّاقَةُ سَنَامًا طَوِيلًا The she-camel carried a tall hump. (K.) 6 ترابعوا حَجَرًا [They vied, one with another, in lifting a stone, for trial of strength: see رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ]. (TA in art. جذو.) 8 ارتبع He (a. camel) beat [the ground] with all his legs, in going along; (S;) and went quickly. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

A2: He (a man) was of middling stature, neither tall nor short. (S.) A3: See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ: b2: and see 5, in two places: b3: and 4, near the end of the paragraph: A4: see also رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, in two places, near the end of 1.

A5: ارتبع أَمْرَ القَوْمِ He looked for, expected, or awaited, his being made commander, or lord, over the people, or party of men. (TA.) 10 اســتربــعهُ He had power, or ability, for it, to do it, or to bear or endure it: (IAar:) from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ. (Az.) b2: [Hence also,] اســتربــع said of a camel, He was, or became, strong, لِلسَّيْرِ for journeying. (ISk, K.) b3: It (sand) became heaped up. (Az, K.) b4: It (dust) rose; or rose high. (Az, K.) رَبْعٌ A place where people remain, abide, or dwell, in the [season called] رَبِيع; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) a place of alighting or abode, (Sh, S, Msb, K, TA,) of a people, or company of men; (Msb;) a settled place of abode; a place of constant residence; a dwelling; a home; whenever and wherever it be; as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a house, wherever it be: (S, Mgh, K:) [in Egypt, a range of distinct lodgings over shops or magazines, separate from the shops or magazines, but generally having one common entrance and staircase:] pl. [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ and رُبُوعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ and أَرْبُعٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and the pl. of ↓ مَرْبَعٌ is مَرَابِعُ. (S.) You say, مَا أَوْسَعَ رَبْعَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) How ample, or spacious, is the place of alighting, or abode, of the sons of such a one! (S, TA.) b2: Hence, also, (tropical:) The people of a place of alighting or abode; (Sh, Msb, TA;) the people of a house or tent: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) a company of men or people: (K:) a large number: (IB:) pl. as above: (Msb:) رُبُوعٌ signifies the people of places of alighting or abode: (Sh:) and also tribes. (TA.) You say, أَكَثَرَ اللّٰهُ رَبْعَكَ (tropical:) May God multiply the people of thy house or tent. (TA.) And هُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ (tropical:) They now, or to-day, [are a large number; or] have become many, and have increased. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] (assumed tropical:) A bier; or a bier with a corpse upon it; syn. نَعْشٌ. (K, TA: [in the CK نَفْس.]) So in the saying, حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or carried, his bier, or his bier with his corpse upon it]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The extremity of a mountain. (TA.) [App. because travellers often stop and rest there.]

A2: Also i. q. ↓ رَبْعَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) which signifies, (S, L, &c.,) as also ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, and ↓ مَرْبُوعٌ, (L, Msb, K,) or الخَلْقِ ↓ مَرْبُوعُ, (S, Mgh, L,) and ↓ مُرْتَبِعٌ, (S, L, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (K, but this last [says SM] I have not seen in the lexicons, except applied by the author of the “ Mo-heet ” as an epithet to a rope, TA,) applied to a man, (S, L, &c.,) Of middling stature; (Msb;) neither tall nor short; (S, L;) between tall and short: (K:) and so, applied to a woman, ↓ رَبْعَةٌ (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, (L, Msb,) though originally applied to a man, like خَمْسَةٌ &c.: (L:) the pl. of رَبْعٌ is رَبْعُونَ: (Fr:) and that of ↓ رَبْعَةٌ is رَبَعَاتٌ, applied to men and to women, (S, Mgh, L, K,) and رَبْعَاتٌ also; (IAar, Fr, L, K) the former of these two pls. being anomalous, because a word of the measure فَعْلَةٌ has not its medial radical movent when it is an epithet, but only when it is a subst. and has not و or ي for that radical; (S, O, K;) or the medial radical is movent in this instance because رَبْعَةٌ is originally a fem. subst. applied to a male and a female, and used as an epithet; (L;) or because it resembles a subst. in its being applied alike to a man and a woman. (Az.) رُبْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ رُبُعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) [which is the more chaste, but the former is the more common,] A fourth part; (S, Msb, K;) one of four parts; (Mgh;;) as also ↓ رَبِيعٌ, (Msb, K,) like عَشِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, like مِعْشَارٌ: (Ktr, and S:) or the last signifies, (Msb, K,) or signifies also, (S,) the fourth part of the spoil, which the chief used to take (S, Msb, K) in the Time of Ignorance: (K:) the pl. of رُبْعٌ and ↓ رُبُعٌ is أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (Msb, TA) and رُبُوعٌ [a pl. of mult]: (TA:) and that of ↓ رَبِيعٌ is رُبُعٌ (K.) b2: الرُّبْعُ الهَاشِمِىُّ The same as the صَاع; because the قَفِيز is twelve times what is termed مَنّ: but الرُّبْعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ is the same as the مُدّ, which is a quarter of what is termed الصَّاعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ. (Mgh.) [In Egypt, the رُبْع is the fourth part of a وُيْبَة, q. v.] b3: أَرْبَاعُ الرَّأْسِ The [four] regions of the head. (TA.) رِبْعٌ The ظِمْء [or interval between two water-ings, or keeping from water during that interval,] which is meant in the phrase رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ [q. v.]; (S;) a certain ظِمْء of camels, respecting which authors differ: (TA:) it is when camels are kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, and come to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words] their coming to the water one day, and leaving it two days, and then coming to it on the fourth day; or a period of three [whole] nights and four days [of which the first and last are incomplete]; as is indicated in the K: or, as some say, [but this at variance with common usage,] their being kept from the water four [nights (for the n. of number is here fem.)], and then coming to it on the fifth [day (for the n. of number is here masc.)]. (TA.) You say, وَرَدَتِ الإِبِلُ الرِّبْعَ: see رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ. (S, K.) And وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْعًا: see 4. (S.) And أَوْرَدَ الإِبِلَ رِبْعًا i. q. أَرْبَعَ الإِبِلَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [Also, for سَيْرُ رِبْعٍ, A journey in which the camels are watered only on the first and fourth days.] b3: [In like manner,] with respect to fever, it signifies The seizing on one day and leaving two days and then coming again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first]. (S, K.) [The fever is termed] حُمَّى الرِّبْعِ [The quartan fever;] the fever that occurs on one day and intermits two days and then comes again on the fourth, and so on. (Msb.) And you say, جَآءَتْهُ الحُمَّى رِبْعًا, i. q. رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى [q. v.]. (K.) b4: Also The fourth young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) رُبَعَ: see رُبَاعُ.

A2: رُبَعٌ A young camel brought forth in the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn], which is the beginning of the breedingtime: (S, Msb, K:) so called because he widens his stepping, and runs: [see 1, near the end of the paragraph:] (TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc.

رِبَاعٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.]; (S, Msb, K;) both irreg.; for accord. to the rule given by Sb, the pl. should be رِبْعَانٌ [like صرْدَانٌ pl. of صَرَدٌ]: (TA:) pl. fem. رُبَعَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, رَبْعاتٌ]) and رِبَاعٌ. (K.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ He has not a young camel brought forth in the end of the breeding-time nor one brought forth in the beginning thereof. (S, TA.) [See another ex. voce بُلَعٌ.] b2: [Hence, also,] الرُّبَعِ (assumed tropical:) A very small star in the midst of the عَوَائِذ, which are in the head of التِّنِّين [or Draco]. (Kzw.) رُبُعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

رَبْعَةٌ: see رَبْعٌ, last signification, in three places.

A2: [A small round basket, covered with leather, in which perfumes are kept by him who sells them;] the جُونَة of the عَطَّار; (S, Mgh, K;) which is a سُلَيْلَة covered with leather: (Mgh:) or a four-sided vessel, like the جُونَة: said by El-Isbahánee to be so called because originally having four طَاقَات [app. meaning compartments, one above another, for different kinds of perfume]; or because having four legs. (TA.) b2: Hence, app., A chest in which the volumes of a copy of the Kur-án are kept; (Sgh, K;) called رَبْعَةُ المُصْحَفِ: (Mgh:) but thus applied, it is post-classical, (Sgh, K,) belonging to the conventional language of the people of Baghdád. (Sgh.) b3: Its application to A household utensil proper for women requires consideration. (Mgh.) رِبعَةٌ The beasts' collecting of themselves together in the [season called] رَبِيع: [whence] a a country, or region, is said to be طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعَةِ [good for the beasts' collecting of themselves together &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَرَكْنَاهُمْ عَلَى رِبْعَتِهِمْ We left them in their former, or first, or original, and right, or good, state, or condition. (TA.) ↓ رَبَاعَةٌ, also, and ↓ رِبَاعَةٌ, signify An affair, a business, or a concern, in which one continues occupied; or a case, a state, or a condition, in which one abides, or continues; (K, TA;) meaning a former, or first, affair, &c.; (TA;) and only relating to a good state or condition: (Yaakoob, K:) or one's way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like: (K:) or one's right, or good, state, or condition, (K, TA,) in which he has been before: (TA:) or his [tribe such as is termed] قَبِيلَة: or [the portion thereof which is termed] his فَخِذَ: (K:) or ↓ هُمْ عَلَى رِبَاعَتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبَاعَتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَاعِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رِبَعَتِهِمْ, (K,) means They are in their right, or good, state, or condition: (K, TA:) or they are occupied in their affair, or business, or concern, in which they were occupied before; or they are in their case, or state, or condition, in which they were before: (S, K:) or ↓ على رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, (Fr, S, K,) signifies in their right, or good, state, or condition, and in their former, or first, case; or in their right, or good, state, or condition, and occupied in their former, or first, affair, or business, or concern: (S:) or it means in their places of abode. (Th, K.) Yousay also, غَيْرُ ↓ مَافِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مَنْ يَضْبِطُ رِبَاعَتَهُ فُلَانٍ i. e. [There is not among the sons of such a one he who manages thoroughly, or soundly,] his case, or affair, or business, or concern, in which he is occupied [except such a one]. (S.) And [hence,] قَوْمِهِ ↓ هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ and هُوَ ذُو رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ He is the chief of his people. (Ham p. 313.

[See also رِبَاعَةٌ below.]) رَبَعَةٌ A quick pace of a camel, in which he goes along beating the ground with his legs: (TA:) or the most vehement running: (K:) or the most vehement running of camels: (S and K:) or a kind of running of camels which is not vehement. (K.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ, last signification, in two places. b2: See also its pl., رَبَعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رَبِعَةٌ: see its pl., رَبِعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ.

رِبْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the رَبِيع; (S, Msb, K;) i. e., the season so called; [and the rain, and the herbage, so called;] a rel. n. irregularly formed. (Msb.) b2: Born in the [season called]

رَبِيع; applied to a young camel: born in the beginning of the breeding-time; [which means the same;] so applied. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) A son born in the prime [or spring-time] of his father's manhood; (S, * TA;) because the ربيع is the beginning, and the most approved part, of the breeding-time: (TA:) pl. رِبْعِيُّونَ. (S, TA.) Saad Ibn-Málik says, (TA,) إِنَّ بَنِىَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ [Verily my sons are boys born in the summer of my age: happy is he who has sons born in the spring-time of his manhood.] (S, TA.) b4: A palm-tree (سِبْطٌ, i. e. نَخْلَةٌ,) of which the fruit ripens in the end of the summer, or hot season; AHn says, because then is the time of the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) b5: The Arabs say, صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّةْ [A hard kind of date that would ripen in the season called رَبِيع (meaning autumn) that is cut in the summer and eaten in the winter-season]. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ A she-camel that brings forth [in the season called رَبِيع,] before others. (TA.) b7: رِبْعِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] signifies The مِيرَة [or corn brought for provision, or the bringing thereof,] in the beginning of winter: (S, K:) or the مِيرَة of the [season called] رَبِيع; which is the first ميرة; next after. which is the صَيْفِيَّة; and next after this, the دَفَئِيَّة; and next after this, the رَمَضِيَّة. (TA.) [See art. مير.] b8: Also, the same, [used in like manner, for عِيرٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] Camels that bring provision of corn in the [season called] رَبِيع; or, which means the same, in the beginning of the year: pl. رَبَاعِىُّ. (TA.) b9: And [used in the same manner, for غَزْوَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the [season called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b10: رِبْعِىٌّ also signifies (tropical:) The first, or beginning, or former part, of anything; for instance, of youthfulness, or the prime of manhood; and of glory: and رِبْعِيَّةٌ likewise, the beginning of breeding, and of summer. (TA.) b11: رِبْعِىُّ الطِّعَانِ (assumed tropical:) The sharpest kind of thrusting, or piercing. (Th, TA.) رِبْعِيَّةٌ fem. of رِبْعِىٌّ: [and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see the latter word, in several places.]

رَبَاعٌ: see an ex. in the phrase هُمْ عَلَى رَبَاعِهِمْ, voce رِبْعَةٌ.

A2: رَبَاعٍ, (S, Msb, K,) like ثَمَانٍ (S, K) and يَمَانٍ [in the CK ثَمَانٌ and ثَمَانٍ] and شَنَاحٍ and [pls. like] جَوَارٍ, which are the only words of this form, (K,) and رَبَاعٌ, (Kr, K,) accus. of the former رَبَاعِيًا, (S, Msb, K,) and fem. رَبَاعِيَةٌ, (S, K,) Shedding its tooth called the رَبَاعِيَة, q. v.; applied to the sheep or goat in the fourth year, and to the bull and cow and the solid-hoofed animal in the fifth year, and to the camel in the seventh year: (S, Msb, K:) [see 4:] pl. [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ (Az, K) and [of mult.] رُبُعٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and رُبْعٌ, (Th, Az, K,) but the former is the more common, (Az,) and رُبَعٌ (IAar, K) and رِبْعَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ and رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. (K.) You say, رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْنًا رَبَاعِيًا [I rode a hackney shedding his رَبَاعِيَة, or in his fifth year]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, حَرْبٌ رَبَاعِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Vehement and youthful war. (TA.) رُبَاعُ [Four and four: four and four together: or four at a time and four at a time:] is a deviation from the original form, (S, K,) or أَرْبَعَةٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ; for which reason, [and, accord. to general opinion, because it is at the same time an epithet, (see ثُلَاثُ,)] it is imperfectly decl.: (K:) but the dim. is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ, perfectly decl. (S voce ثُلَاثُ, q. v.) [See exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] In the Kur iv. 3, El-Aamash read ↓ وَرُبَعَ instead of وَرُبَاعَ. (IJ, K.) رَبُوعٌ A she-camel that yields four أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ] of milk. (IAar.) A2: See also الأَرْبِعَآءُ.

رَبِيعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

A2: It has also a twofold application; to months and to seasons: and it has a twofold application to months; denoting Two months, (S, Msb, K,) [next] after صَفَرٌ; (S, K;) and they say, (Msb,) one should only say, in speaking of them, شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [but in the margin of the copy of the S which I have here followed, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author the former is شهر ربيعِ الاول (with a single kesreh, and with no syll. sign to الاول); and in another copy of the S I find شهرُ ربيع الاولِ and شَهرُ رَبيع الآخِر;] with the addition of شهر: but it is allowable to say also شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الأَوَّلِ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الآخِرِ: the word شهر is necessarily added in order to discriminate between the months thus called and the season called ربيع: Az says, the Arabs mention all the months without the word شهر except the two months of ربيع and the month of رَمَضَان: and they say also شَهْرَا رَبِيعٍ and أَشْهُرُ رَبِيعٍ and شُهُورُ رَبِيعٍ: (Msb:) these months were thus called because, when they received this name, they occurred in the season when the earth produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) It has a twofold application also to seasons; الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ being The season in which the truffles and the blossoms come, (S, Msb, K,) and this is [also called] رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ [the rabeea of the herbage, properly called the spring of Arabia]; (S;) and الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى The season in which fruits ripen; (S, Msb, K;) [also called رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ;] but some people call this الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; (S, TA;) and the season which follows the winter, and in which the truffles and the blossoms come, they call الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; but all of them agree that the خَرِيف [or autumn] is called الرَّبِيعُ: AHn says, the two divisions of the winter [by which he means the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox] are called رَبِيعَانِ; the former being رَبِيعُ المَآءِ وَالأَمْطَار ِ [the rabeea of the water and the rains, in which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, which is termed the first of the rains, commences]; and the second being رَبِيعُ النَّبَاتِ [or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ the rabeea of the herbage], because the herbage therein attains to its last stage: and he adds, that رَبِيعٌ is applied by the Arabs to the whole winter, [meaning, again, the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox,] because of the moisture, or rain: (TA:) or the year consists of six seasons; (so in the K; but in the S, “and I heard Abu-l-Ghowth say, the Arabs make the year to be six seasons; ”) two months thereof are called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and two months, صَيْفٌ; and two months, قَيْظٌ; (S, K;) and two months, ربيع الثانى, (so in a copy of the S,) or رَبِيعٌ الثّانى, (so in another copy of the S, [but in the margin of this latter, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author it is ربيعُ الثانى, without tenween,]) or الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; (K;) and two months, خَرِيفٌ; and two months, شِتَآءٌ. (S, K.) Az relates, with respect to the seasons and divisions of the year, on the authority of Aboo-Yahyà Ibn-Kibáseh, who possessed very great knowledge thereof, that the year consists of four seasons; namely, الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ, which the vulgar call الخَرِيفُ [The autumn]; then الشِّتَآءُ [the winter]; then الصَّيْفُ, which is الرَّبِيعُ الآخِرُ [or الثَّانِى, i. e. the spring]; then القَيْظُ [the summer, or hot season]: all this is what the Arabs in the desert say: the ربيع which is with the Persians the خريف, he says, commences on the third of أَيْلُول [September O. S.]; and the شِتَآء, on the third of كَانُون الأَوَّل [December O. S.]; and the صيف which is with the Persians the ربيع. on the fifth of آذَار [March O. S.]; and the قيظ which is with the Persians the صيف, on the fourth of حَزِيرَان [June O. S.]: and Aboo-Yahyà adds, the ربيع of the people of El-' Irák agrees with the ربيع of the Persians, which is after the شتاء [or winter], and which is the season of the flowers, or roses, and is the most temperate of the seasons: the people of El-' Irák, he says, have rain in all the winter, and have abundance of herbage in the خريف, which the Arabs call الربيع الاوّل: and Az says, the quarter of the خريف is called خريف because the fruits are gathered therein; and the Arabs call it ربيع because the first rain [which is called الوَسْمِىّ] falls therein. (TA.) The pl. of ربيع is أَرْبِعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَرْبِعَآءُ [a pl. of mult.] (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ; (AHn, K;) or the first of these is pl. of ربيع الكلأ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and of the ربيع of the months; (Fr, Msb;) but the second is pl. of ربيع in the sense of جَدْوَلٌ, to be explained below. (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase in a supplication, mentioned in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلِ القُرْآنَ رَبِيعَ قَلْبِى [O God, make Thou the Kur-án to be the life, or ease, of my heart]; because the heart of man becomes lively, or at ease, in the season called رَبِيع. (TA.) Hence also, (TA,) أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ The هُدْهُد [or hoopoe]; (K;) because it appears with the [season called] ربيع. (TA.) [See also, respecting the seasons &c., the word زَمَنٌ.] b2: Also The rain in the [season called] رَبيع [as meaning the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox, (which includes what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,”) accord. to a statement of AHn cited above, and accord. to what is stated on the authority of Az voce نَوْءٌ]: (S, K:) or [only, accord. to some,] the rain which is after the وَسْمِىّ, and after which is [that called] the صَيْف, and then the حَمِيم: or, accord. to AHn, rain whenever it comes: Az says, I have heard the Arabs call thus the first rain falling upon the earth in the days of the خَرِيف [or autumn]: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَرْبِعَةٌ and [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ. (AHn, TA.) [See also, respecting the rains, the word زَمَنٌ.] b3: Also Herbage; green herbage which the beasts eat; (TA;) [properly] the herbage that is produced by the first rain in the quarter which is called the رَبِيع, and which is commonly called the خَرِيف [or autumn], (Msb in art. زمن,) [continuing its growth during the winter-quarter, which is also called the رَبِيع, and which includes, as stated above, what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,” wherein, as AHn says, the herbage attains to its last stage: it seems generally to mean the spring-herbage, which is earlier or later in different latitudes:] pl. أَرِْبعَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] a poet says, يَدَاكَ يَدٌ رَبِيعُ النَّاسِ فِيهَا وَفِى الأُخْرَى الشُّهُورُ مِنَ الحَرَامِ meaning (assumed tropical:) [Thy two hands are such that] one hand has in it the means of the plentiful subsistence of mankind, [and in the other are the sacred months, i. e.] in the other is [that which causes] security, and safeguard, and the preservation of what is to be regarded as sacred and inviolable. (TA.) [Compare Proverbs iii. 16.] b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A rivulet, or streamlet; (Msb, K;) i. q. جَدْوَلٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or i. q. نَهْرٌ: (Mgh:) or نَهْرٌ صَغِيرٌ: (Har p. 402:) (tropical:) a rivulet, or streamlet, that runs to palmtrees: and رَبِيعُ السَّاقِى, a subst prefixed to its epithet, occurring in a trad., (assumed tropical:) the river [or rivulet] that waters seed-produce: (TA:) pl. أَرْبِعَآءُ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and رِبْعَانٌ. (TA.) A poet says, describing one drinking much, فُوهُ رَبِيعٌ وَكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ (assumed tropical:) His mouth is a river [and his hand is a bowl]. (TA.) b5: Also A share, or portion, of water for [irrigating] land, (IDrd, K, TA,) whatever it be: or, as some say, a share, or portion, thereof for the quarter of a day or night; but this is not of valid authority. (TA.) You say, لِفُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا المَآءِ رَبِيعٌ, (K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K, فِى, instead of مِنْ, i. e. To such a one belongs a share, or portion, of this water [for irrigating land]. (TA.) b6: The dim. of رَبِيعٌ is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ. (Msb.) رُبَيِّعٌ: see رُبَاعٌ: A2: and see also رَبِيعٌ, last sentence.

رَبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in four places. b2: It also signifies A kind of حَمَالَة [meaning obligation, or responsibility, that must be discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person for others; and here, particularly, such as is taken upon himself by the head, or chief, of a people]. (S, K.) You say, هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ, [properly He is over the affairs of his people, as indicated above, voce رِبْعَةٌ, last sentence,] meaning He is the head, or chief, of his people. (TA.) Abu-l- Kásim El-Isbahánee says, رِبَاعَةٌ is metaphorically used to signify (tropical:) The being a head, or chief; or the office of head, or chief; in consideration of the taking of the مِرْبَاع [or fourth part of the spoil, which was the share of the chief]: and hence one says, لَايُقِيمُ رِبَاعَةَ القَوْمِ غَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [None will act vigorously in the office of head, or chief, of the people, except such a one]. (TA.) رَبِيعَةٌ A stone that is raised, or lifted, (S, K, TA,) for trial of strength: (K, TA:) applied only to a stone. (Az, TA.) A2: A helmet of iron. (Lth, S, K.) A3: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ. (IAar, K.) A4: A [leathern water-bag, such as is called] مَزَادَة. (K.) b2: A kind of receptacle for perfume and the like; syn. عَتِيدَةٌ, q. v. (K.) رُبَاعِىٌّ A boy four spans (أَشْبَار) in height. (S and Msb voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.) It is also applied to a camel, like سُبَاعِىٌّ; [app. meaning Four cubits in height:] fem. with ة. (TA in art. سبع.) b2: [Also A word composed of four letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.]

رَبَاعِيَةٌ The tooth that is between the ثَنِيَّة [or central incisor] and the نَاب; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. each of the four teeth which are next to the ثَنَايَا, (Mgh, * TA,) pertaining to man and to others: (TA:) pl. رَبَاعِيَاتٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a man has, above, [two teeth called] ثَنِيَّتَانِ, and [two called] رَبَاعِيَتَانِ, after them, and [two called]

نَابَانِ, and [two called] ضَاحِكَانِ, and six أَرْحَآء, on each side [three], and [two teeth called]

نَاجِذَانِ; and the like below: (As, TA:) and the solid-hoofed animal has, after the ثَنَايَا, four رَبَاعِيَات, and four قَوَارِح, and four أَنْيَاب, and eight أَضْرَاس. (Az, TA.) A2: Also fem. of رَبَاعٍ [q. v.]. (S, K.) رَبَّاعٌ One who often buys, or sells, رِبَاع, meaning houses, or places of abode. (IAar, K.) رَابِعٌ [act. part. n. of رَبَعَ]. b2: The chief who used to take the fourth part of the spoil, in the Time of Ignorance. (Ham p. 336.) b3: هُوَ رَابِعُ أَرْبَعَةٍ He is [the fourth of four, or] one of four. (TA.) b4: [رَابِعَ عَشَرَ and رَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Fourteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.] b5: إِبِلٌ رَوَابِعُ [Camels coming to water, or being watered, on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: pl. of رَابِعَةٌ]: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, meaning وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ. (S, K.) In like manner, also, رَوَابعُ is applied, metaphorically, to birds of the kind called قَطًا, as an epithet denoting their coming to water, by El-'Ajjáj. (TA.) A2: رَبِيعٌ رَابِعٌ A fruitful, or plentiful, ربيع [meaning the season so called]. (ISk, K.) b2: One does not say يَوْمٌ رَابِعٌ like as one says يَوْمٌ قَائِظٌ &c., because there is no corresponding verb, like قَاظَ, &c., for such a verb would have no meaning of heat nor of cold. (IB.) A3: هُوَ رَابِعٌ عَلَى حَالِهِ He is abiding, or continuing, in his state, or condition. (TA.) أَرْبَعٌ: see أَرْبَعَةٌ.

A2: هِىَ أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لَقَاحًا She is the quickest of them in conceiving, or becoming pregnant. (Th.) أَرْبَعَةٌ [Four;] a masc. n. of number; fem.

↓ أَرْبَعٌ. (S, K.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which اربعة is imperfectly decl., see ثَلَاثَةٌ. See also سِتَّةٌ.] b2: ذَوَاتُ الأَرْبَعِ The quadrupeds. (The Lexicons passim.) b3: جَآءَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ (tropical:) His two eyes shed tears running from their four sides: or it means, accord. to Z, he came weeping most vehemently. (TA.) [See another ex. voce ثَمَانِيَةٌ.] b4: أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ [indecl. in every case, meaning Fourteen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs أَرْبَعَةَ عْشَرَ: and [the fem.] أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced أَرْبَعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) الأَرْبِعَآءُ, [also written without tenween when not rendered determinate by the article or otherwise accord. to most authorities, who make it fem., but with tenween when indeterminate accord. to those who make it masc.,] and الأَرْبَعَآءُ, (As, S, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of some of the BenooAsad, (S, Msb,) and الأَرْبُعَآءُ, (As, Msb, K,) which is a form of the word seldom used, (Msb,) and الإِرْبِعَآءُ, and الإِرْبَعَآءُ, the last two mentioned by IHsh, the first of all the most chaste, (MF,) but it is the only sing. word of its measure, (El-Kutabee, Msb,) except أَرْمِدَآءُ, (Az, O,) the name of A certain day; (S, Msb, K;) [namely Wednesday;] the fourth day of the week; (L;) as also ↓ الرَّبُوعُ; but this is post-classical: (TA:) the dual of أَرْبِعَآء is أَرْبِعَاوَانِ; (L;) and the pl. is أَرْبِعَاوَاتٌ, (S, L,) [accord. to those who make the sing. fem.;] or the dual is أَرْبِعَآءَانِ, and the pl. is أَرْبِعَآءَاتٌ; (K;) thus says Aboo-Jukhádib, regarding the noun as masc.: (Fr:) Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِ [Wednesday passed with what (occurred) in it], making it sing. and masc. [because he meant thereby يَوْمُ الأَرْبِعَآءُ]; but Abu-l-Jarráh used to say, مَضَتِ الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِنَّ, making it fem. and pl., and employing it like a n. of number: (Lh:) Th is related to have mentioned أَرَابِيعُ as a pl. of الأَرْبِعَآءُ; but ISd says, I am not sure of this. (TA.) The word has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) أَرْبَعُونَ [Forty;] a certain number, (TA,) after ثَلَاثُونَ. (S, K.) b2: [Also Fortieth.]

أَرْبِعَاوِىٌّ One who fasts alone on the أَرْبِعَآء [or Wednesday]. (IAar.) مَرْبَعٌ; see رَبْعٌ in three places.

مُرْبَعٌ, applied to a camel, [That is watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: (see 4:) and] that is brought to the water at any time. (TA.) b2: See also مَرْبُوعٌ.

مُرْبِعٌ: b2: see مَرْبُوعٌ.

A2: Applied to rain, (S, Msb, TA,) That comes in the [season called]

رَبِيع: [in the Ham p. 425, written مَرْبَع:] or that induces the people to remain in their abodes and not to seek after herbage: (TA:) or that confines the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance: (Msb:) or that causes the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or that causes the growth of that in which the camels may pasture at pleasure. (S.) b2: With ة, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Abounding with [the herbage called]

رَبِيع; as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ. (TA.) b3: Without ة, applied to a she-camel, (As, S, K,) That brings forth in the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that has her young one with her; (As, S, K;) the young one being called رُبَعٌ: (As, S:) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ: (As, TA:) or the latter signifies one that usually brings forth in the [season called]

رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that brings forth in the beginning of the breeding-time: (As, S, K:) or that is early, or before others, in becoming pregnant: (TA:) and the former, so applied, signifies also one whose womb is, or becomes, closed, [app. in the season called رَبِيع, (see 4,)] so that it does not admit the seminal fluid. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (tropical:) Having offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood. (TA.) [See 4]

A3: Also The sail of a full ship: (AA, K:) that of an empty ship is called رُومِىٌّ. (AA, TA.) مِرْبَعٌ: see مِرْبَعَةٌ.

مُرَبَّعٌ (S, K,) Having four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.; generally meaning either square or quadrilateral]: or of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.] b2: مُرَبَّعُ الحَاجِبَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man whose eyebrows have much hair; as though he had four eyebrows. (TA.) b3: مُرَبَّعٌ الجَبْهَةِ [Having a square forehead; meaning] (tropical:) a slave. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ A land containing, or having, يَرَابِيع [or jerboas]; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَرْضٌ مُرْتَبِعٌ. (TA.) مِرْبَعَةٌ A staff, (K,) or small staff, (S,) of which two men take hold of the two ends in order to raise a load (S, K) and put it upon the back of the camel, (S,) or upon the beast; (K;) as also ↓ مِرْبَعٌ: (K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying a piece of wood with which a thing is taken. (TA.) [See 1, last signification but one.]

مِرْبَاعٌ: see رُبْعٌ: A2: and مَرْبُوعٌ: A3: and رَبْعٌ.

A4: Rain that comes in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع: [an epithet used in this sense as a subst.:] pl. مَرَابِيعُ. (S, * K, * TA, * [in which only the pl. is mentioned,] and EM p. 140.) Hence, مَرَابِيعُ النُّجُومِ, as used in a verse of Lebeed cited in the first paragraph of art. رزق; by the نُجُوم being meant the أَنْوَآء; (S;) i. e. the Mansions of the Moon [which by their rising or setting at dawn were supposed to bring rain or wind or heat or cold]. (EM ubi suprà.) b2: Applied to a place, That produces herbage in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع. (K, TA.) b3: Applied to land (أَرْضٌ): see مُرْبِعٌ. b4: Applied to a she-camel: see مُرْبِعٌ.

مَرْبُوعٌ Twisted of four twists, or strands; (S, TA;) applied to a rope, (TA,) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, TA,) and to a bow-string, and a bridle. (S, TA.) b2: Applied to a spear, Four cubits in length: (TA:) or neither long nor short; (S, TA;) and in like manner applied to a man: see رَبْعٌ, in two places: (S, Mgh, L, &c.:) and [hence its pl.] مَرَابِيعُ, applied to horses, compact in make. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to a man, Having a fever which seizes him on one day and leaves him two days and then comes again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first; i. e. having, or seized by, a quartan fever]; as also ↓ مُرْبَعٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ مُرْبِعٌ is said to be used in the same sense; but the Arabs say مُرْبَعٌ. (Az, TA.) A3: أَرْضٌ مَرْبُوعَةً, and شَجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ, Land, and trees, watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَرْبُوعٌ, applied to a man, also signifies (tropical:) Restored from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) مَرَابِيعُ, pl. of مَرْبُوعٌ [q. v.]: A2: and pl. of مِرْبَاعٌ [q. v.].

مُرْتَبَعٌ: see رَبْعٌ, in three places.

مُرْتَبِعٌ, applied to a beast, That has pastured upon the [herbage called] رَبِيع, and become fat, and brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ: A3: and see أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ.

جَلَسَ مُــتَرَبِّــعًا He sat cross-legged; i. q. تَرَبَّــعَ فِى

جُلُوسِهِ. (TA.) مُسْــتَرْبِــعٌ شَيْئًا Having power, or ability, for, or to do, a thing; as, for instance, war, or battle; (IAar;) or to bear, or endure, a thing; (IAar, Sgh;) as when relating to an envier, meaning his envy. (Sgh.) You say also رَجُلٌ مُسْــتَرْبِــعٌ بِعَمَلِهِ A man who is able by himself to execute his work, having power, or strength, to do it, and very patient. (K.) يَرْبُوعٌ, in which the ى is augmentative, (Kr, S, Msb,) because there is not in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, (Kr, S,) except what is extr., such as صَعْفُوقٌ, (K,) which is a foreign word [introduced into their language], (S in art. صعفق,) [The jerboa;] a certain wellknown beast; (K;) a small beast like the فَأْرَة [or rat], but longer in the tail and ears, and of which the hind legs are longer than the fore-legs, the reverse of what is the case in the زَرَافَة [or giraffe]; called by the vulgar جَرْبُوع; (Msb;) a rat (فَأْرَة) of which the burrow has four entrances; Az says, it is a small beast larger than the جُرَذ, [q. v.; but in the L, in art. جرذ, the reverse of this is said;] and the name is applied alike to the male and the female: (TA:) [Forskål (“ Descr. Animalium,”

p. iv.,) terms it mus jaculus: see the questions appended to Niebuhr's “ Descr. de l' Arabie,” p.

177:] pl. يَرَابِيعُ. (S, Msb.) [See ذُو الرُّمَيْحِ, voce رُمْحٌ.] b2: Hence, (TA,) اليَرْبُوعُ also signifies لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ (tropical:) [The portion of flesh and sinew next the back-bone, on either side]; (S * K;) as being likened to the فأَرة [thus called]: (TA:) or this is with damm [اليُرْبُوعُ]: (K:) or the يَرَابِيعُ of the مَتْن are its portions of flesh; (T, S, K;) and the word has no sing.: (K:) Az says, I have not heard any sing. thereof. (TA.) الجَارُ اليَرْبُوعِىُّ The neighbour that is variable in his actions [like the jerboa, which is noted for having recourse to various expedients, in the formation of its burrow, &c., to avoid capture]; like الجَارُ البَرَاقِشِىُّ. (IAar, TA in art. جور.)

رتب

1 رَتَبَ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رُتُوبٌ, (S, M, Msb, K, *) It (a thing, S, M, Msb) was, or became, constant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, established, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and stationary, or motionless; (S, * M, A, * Msb, * K;) as also ↓ ترتّب. (M, K.) Also, said of a thing, (T,) of a كَعْب [i. e. cockal-bone, or die], [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (S, M, A, TA,) and of a man, (M, TA,) aor. as above, inf. n. رَتْبٌ, (M,) or رَتَبٌ, (K, * TA,) It, and he, stood erect, or upright; (T, S, M, A, TA; [but in some copies of the K, الاِنْصِبَابُ is erroneously put for الاِنْتِصَابُ as the explanation of الرَّتَبُ;]) and (TA) so ↓ ارتب, (K, TA, [but this I rather think to be a mistranscription,]) said of a man: mentioned in the T as on the authority of IAar. (TA. [But in the T, I find only رَتَبَ in this sense.]) So in the saying, رَتَبَ رُتُوبَ الكَعْبِ فِى

المَقامِ الصَّعْبِ [He stood erect like as does the cockal-bone, or the die, in the difficult standingplace]: (S, * A, TA:) occurring in a trad. of Lukmán Ibn-'Ád. (TA.) And رَتَبَ فِى الصَّلَاةِ He stood erect in prayer. (A.) [Or] رَتَبَ said of a man, [aor. ـُ inf. n. رَتْبٌ and رُتُوبٌ, signifies He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the town, or country: and also he stood firm. (Msb.) And you say also, رَتَبَ فِى الأَمْرِ [He was constant, firm, &c., in the affair]. (A.) 2 رتّب, (S, M, A, &c.,) inf. n. تَرْتِيبٌ, (S, K,) He made, or rendered, (a thing, S, M, or things, A,) constant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, established, and stationary, or motionless. (S, * M, Msb, K.) You say, رتّب الطَّلَائِعَ فِى المَرَاتِبِ [He stationed the scouts upon the مراتب]. (A. See مَرْتَبَةٌ.) b2: He set things in order, disposed them regularly, arranged them, or classified them. (MA.) You say, رتّب الرُّتَبَ [He set in order, regularly disposed, arranged, classified, distributed, or appointed, the stations, posts of honour, &c.]. (TA voce أَصَّلَ.) b3: [Hence,] تَرْتِيبٌ is sometimes used as signifying The mode of construction termed لَفٌّ وَنَشْرٌ [when it is regularly disposed: see art. لف]. (Har p. 383.) b4: [Also The prescribing, or observing, a particular order in any performance; as, for instance, in the ablution termed الوُضُوْء.] b5: and The drawing of omens, one after another. (KL.) 4 ارتب الكَعْبَ, (T, M, A,) inf. n. إِرْتَابٌ, (T,) said of a boy, (T, M, A,) He made the كعب [i. e. cockal-bone, or die,] to stand erect, or upright: (T, * A:) or he made the كعب firm, or steady. (M.) A2: ارتب as an intrans. v.: see 1.

A3: Also, inf. n. as above, He became a beggar, after having been rich, or in a state of competence. (IAar, T, K. [Perhaps formed by transposition from أَــتْرَبَ.]) A4: And He invited distinguished persons to his food, or banquet. (T.) 5 ترتّب: see 1, first sentence. b2: [Also, as quasi-pass of 2, It was, or became, set in order, regularly disposed, arranged, or classified. b3: And ترتّب عَلَيْهِ It was consequent upon it; it resulted, or accrued, from it.]

رَتْبٌ: see the next paragraph.

رَتَبٌ The steps of stairs. (M, TA.) b2: Rocks near together, some of them higher than others: (M, K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. ↓ رَتَبَةٌ; mentioned on the authority of Yaakoob as [written ↓ رُتَبٌ,] with damm to the ر and fet-h to the ت. (M.) b3: Elevated ground, (S, K,) like a بَرْزَخ [or bar, or an obstruction, between two things: app. a coll. gen. n. in this sense also; n. un. with ة; for] you say ↓ رَتَبَةٌ and رَتَبٌ like as you say دَرَجَةٌ and دَرَجٌ. (S.) b4: Hardness, or difficulty: (S, A, K:) coarseness, hardness, or difficulty, of life or living: (M, K: *) fatigue, weariness, embarrassment, or trouble; as also ↓ مَرْتَبَةٌ. (M.) You say, مَا فِى عَيْشِهِ رَتَبٌ (T, S, M, A) There is no hardness, or difficulty, in his life or living: (S, A:) or no coarseness, hardness, or difficulty. (M.) And مَا فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ رَتَبٌ, and ↓ مَرْتَبَةٌ, There is no fatigue, weariness, embarrassment, or trouble, in this affair. (M.) And مَا فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ رَتَبٌ وَلا عَتَبٌ There is not in this affair any hardness, or difficulty: (S:) or any fatigue, or trouble: (T:) i. e. it is easy, and rightly disposed. (T, A.) A2: Also The space between the little finger and that next to it, namely, the third finger, [when they are extended apart:] and the space between the third finger and the middle finger [when they are so extended]: (M, K:) or the space between the fore finger and the middle finger [when they are so extended]: sometimes written and pronounced ↓ رَتْبٌ: (S, TA:) [or it is a coll. gen. n.; and] ↓ رَتَبَةٌ [is the n. un., and] signifies the space between [any two of] the fingers. (TA in art. رتق. [See also بُصْمٌ.]) It denotes also The [space that is measured by] putting the four fingers close together. (K. [See also عَتَبٌ.]) رُتْبَةٌ A single step of stairs or of a ladder; (MA;) [and so ↓ مَرْتَبَةٌ, as appears from what follows:] pl. of the former رُتَبٌ (MA) [and رُتَبَاتٌ, for Az says that] رُتْبَةٌ signifies one of the رُتَبَات of stairs: (T:) [the pl. of مَرْتَبَةٌ is مَرَاتِبُ.] You say, رَقِىَ فِى رُتَبِ الدَّرَجِ and ↓ مَرَاتِبِهَا [He ascended the steps of the stairs]. (A.) b2: [Hence,] also, (S, M, A, * Msb, K,) and ↓ مَرْتَبَةٌ, (T, S, M, A, K, TA,) [or] from رَتَبَ signifying “ he stood erect,” (TA,) (tropical:) A station, or standing; a post of honour; rank; condition; degree; dignity; or office; (T, S, M, A, Msb, K, TA;) with, or at the courts of, kings; and the like: (T, TA:) or a high station, &c.: (TA:) pl. of the former رُتَبٌ; (A, * Msb, TA;) and of the latter ↓ مَرَاتِبُ. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ فِى أَعْلَى الرُّتَبِ (tropical:) [He is in the highest of stations, &c.]: and عِنْدَ ↓ لَهُ مَرْتَبَةٌ السُّلْطَانِ (tropical:) [He has a station, &c., or high station, &c., with, or at the court of, the Sultán]: and ↓ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَرَاتِبِ (tropical:) [He is of the people of high stations, &c.]. (A, TA.) b3: [رُتْبَةٌ also signifies The order of the proper relative places of things; as, for instance, of the words in a sentence.] b4: See also the pl. رُتَبٌ in the next preceding paragraph.

رَتَبَةٌ n. un. of رَتَبٌ, which see in three places. (S, * M.) رَتْبَآءُ A she-camel erect in her pace. (T, K.) رَاتِبٌ (Msb) and ↓ تُرْتُبٌ and ↓ تُرْتَبٌ (M, K) and ↓ تَرْتُبٌ (M) A thing constant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, established, stationary, or motionless: (M, Msb, K: [the third of these words, in this sense, is mentioned in the T in art. ترب: but see the next paragraph:]) and the first, standing erect, or upright; (T, TA;) applied to a thing, (T,) to a كَعْب [i. e. cockal-bone, or die], and to a man. (TA.) Yousay أَمْرٌ رَاتِبٌ A thing, or an affair, continual, or uninterrupted, (دَارٌّ.) constant, firm, steady, &c.: and ↓ أَمْرٌ تُرْتَبٌ, the latter word of the measure تُفْعَلٌ, with damm to the ت and fet-h to the ع, a thing, or an affair, constant, firm, steady, &c. (S.) And عِزٌّ رَاتِبٌ Might, high rank or condition, or the like, constant, firm, &c. (A.) And عَيْشٌ رَاتِبٌ Constant, or continual, (M, TA,) fixed, settled, or established, (TA,) means of subsistence. (M, TA.) And مَا زِلْتُ عَلَى هٰذَا رَاتِبًا I ceased not to be, or to do, thus constantly; as also رَاتِمًا; in which, IJ says, the م is app. a substitute for ب, because we have not heard رَتَمَ used like رَتَبَ; but it may be radical, from الرَّتِيمَةُ. (M.) b2: [رَاتِبٌ in the modern language, used as a subst., signifies A set pension, salary, and allowance; a ration; and any set office, or task: and so رَاتِبَةٌ; pl. رَوَاتِبُ.]

تُرْتَبٌ and تُرْتُبٌ and تَرْتُبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places. b2: You say also, جَاؤُوا تُرْتَبًا and تُرْتُبًا, meaning They came all together. (K.) And a poet says, (M,) namely, Ziyád Ibn-Zeyd El-'Odharee, (TA,) وَكَانَ لَنَا فَضْلٌ عَلَى النَّاسِ تُرْتَبَا meaning [And we possessed excellence above the people] all together: (M, TA:) thus accord. to the reading commonly known: but, as some relate it, وَكَانَ لَنَا حَقًّا عَلَى النَّاسِ تُرْتَبَا i. e. [And it was a just claim that we had upon the people,] settled, or established. (TA.) The first ت in تُرْتَبٌ is augmentative, because there is no word like جُعْفَرٌ; and the derivation also is an evidence of this, for the word is from الشَّىْءُ الرَّاتِبُ. (M.) A2: Also the second of these three words, (T in art. ترب, and M, and L,) or the first of them, (K,) A bad slave: (T, K:) or a slave whom three persons inherit, one after another; because of his continuance in slavery: [it being a common custom for a man to make a good slave free at his death:] mentioned by Th. (M.) b2: Also the second, (Th, M, K,) and the first, (K,) Dust, or earth; syn. تُرَابٌ: (Th, M, K:) because of its long endurance. (Th, M.) b3: and the first, i. q. أَبَدٌ [Time, or duration, or continuance, or existence, without end; &c.: or the right reading may perhaps be آبِدٌ, i. e. remaining constantly, &c.]. (K.) أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ تُرْتُبَّةً Such a one took what was like a road, to tread it. (K, * TA.) مَرْتَبَةٌ, and its pl. مَرَاتِبُ: see رُتْبَةٌ, in six places. b2: Accord. to As, it signifies A place of observation, which is the summit of a mountain, or the upper part thereof: (S:) accord. to Kh, (S,) the مَرَاتِب in mountains and in deserts (صَحَارٍ) are [structures such as are termed] أَعْلَام [pl. of عَلَمٌ, q. v.,] upon which are stationed (↓ تُرَبُ) scouts, or spies: (T, S:) or places to which scouts ascend, in, or upon, mountains. (A.) b3: The pl. also signifies Narrow and rugged parts of valleys. (TA from a trad.) b4: And the sing., Any difficult station or position. (M.) b5: See also رَتَبٌ, in two places. b6: [In post-classical works, and in the language of the present day, it is applied to A mattress, upon which to sit or recline or lie; such as is spread upon a couch-frame or upon the ground.]

ربض

1 رَبَضَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. رُبُوضٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and رَبْضٌ (Msb, K) and رَبْضَةٌ, (K,) [the last an inf. n. of un.,] said of the sheep and goat, (S, A, Mgh, K,) and of the gazelle, (S, A,) and of the ox-kind, and the horse, (S,) or beast, (Msb,) and of the dog, (S, A,) [signifying He lay down, or laid himself down, upon his breast,] is like بَرَكَ said of a camel, (S, Msb, K,) and جَثَمَ said of a bird, (S, TA,) or جَلَسَ said of a man. (Mgh.) Said of a man, it means [(assumed tropical:) He lay down: and he sat: or] he sat upon his knees: and it may also mean he sat upon his thighs and his buttocks. (Har p. 172.) [And hence, (assumed tropical:) He remained fixed, or stationary, like an animal lying upon its breast; as is shown by what here follows: whence a signification of رَبَّضَ, q. v.] The saying of Mohammad to Ed-Dahhák, when he sent him to his people, إِذَا

أَتَيْتَهُمْ فَارْبِضْ فِى دَارِهِمْ ظَبْيًا, means When thou comest to them, remain in their abode in security, or without fear, like the gazelle in his covert: (IAar, ISd, K:) or trust them not, but be vigilant, like a wild animal, ready to spring up, for thou wilt be in the midst of the unbelievers; (Az, ISd, K; *) so, if anything induce in thee suspicion, thou mayest flee from them like the gazelle: (Az, ISd, TA:) accord. to each interpretation, ظبيا is in the accus. case as a denotative of state; the subst. being put in the place of the act. part. n., as though for مَتَظَبِّيًا: the former of the two explanations is said to be the more agreeable with the circumstances of the case. (TA.) Yousay also, رَبَضَ الأَسَدُ عَلَى فَرِيسَتِهِ, and القِرْنُ عَلَى

قِرْنِهِ, The lion laid himself down upon his breast (بَرَكَ) on his prey, and the adversary on his adversary. (K.) b2: He (a beast) lodged, and abode, in a place. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He (a man) became heavy, and slept, stretched upon the ground. (TA.) b4: رَبَضَ عَنِ الغَنَمِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. رُبُوضٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He (a ram) abstained from tupping, or covering the ewes, and avoided it, (S, A, * K, *) or them, (TA,) being fatigued: (S:) or was unable to cover them: (K:) one does not say, of a ram, جَفَرَ. (S.) You say also of a ewe when she is pregnant, قَدْ رُبِضَ عَنْهَا. (Ibn- 'Abbád, A.) and you say of a man, رَبَضَ عَنْ مَعَالِى الأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) He abstained, or held back, from seeking the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility. (TA.) b5: رَبَضَ اللَّيْلُ (A, K) (tropical:) The night cast its darkness [lit. itself (expl. by أَلْقَى بنَفْسِهِ) upon the earth]. (K.) A2: رَبَضَهُ, aor. ـِ and رَبُضَ, (IAar, O, K,) but the latter aor. was afterwards rejected by IAar, (TA,) He betook himself, or repaired, to him for lodging, covert, or refuge. (IAar, O, K.) A3: رَبَضَتْهُ, aor. ـِ and IAar is related to have said رَبُضَ also, but afterwards to have retracted it, (tropical:) She (a wife, or sister, or other woman,) undertook, or managed, his affairs, and gave him lodging, or refuge: (TA:) she was to him [as though she were] a رَبَض, or place of abode: like أَبَوْتُهُ “ I was to him a father,” and أَمَمْتُهُ “ I was to him a mother. ” (A, TA.) [The aor. occurs in the K, in the phrase تَرْبِــضُ زَوْجَهَا: thus in the TA: in the CK, تُرَبِّــضُ: in the L, تَرْبُــضُ; and thus also the aor. is written in a copy of the A.]2 رَبَّضَ see 4. b2: رَبَّضْتُهُ بِالمَكَانِ, inf. n. تَرْبِــيضٌ, (assumed tropical:) I fixed him, or made him to remain fixed, in the place. (TA.) b3: ربّض السِّقَآءَ بِالمَآءِ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) [He made the skin to cleave to the ground with water; i. e.] he put into the skin as much water as covered and concealed its bottom: (K, * TA:) mentioned by Sgh, from Ibn- 'Abbád. (TA.) 4 اربض He made a sheep, or goat, [&c., (see 1,)] to lie down upon his breast; (S, K;) as also ↓ ربّض, inf. n. تَرْبِــيضٌ. (TA.) b2: أَرْبَضَهُمْ (tropical:) It (a vessel, S, A, K, and beverage, or wine, A, TA) satisfied their thirst so that they became heavy, and slept, stretched upon the ground: (S, * A, * K:) (tropical:) it (milk) satiated them. (TA.) b3: اربضت الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun became vehemently hot, (S, A, K,) so as to make the gazelle and the sheep or goat, (S,) or the wild animals, (A,) to lie down upon their breasts: (S, A:) or became still, like a beast lying upon its breast, having attained its utmost height and not begun to descend. (O.) b4: اربض أَهْلَهُ, (O, K,) and أَصْحَابَهُ, (O,) (assumed tropical:) He undertook, or managed, the expenses of his family, (O, K,) and of his companions; (O;) syn. قَامَ بنَفَقَتِهِمْ: (O, K:) so says Ibn- 'Abbád. (TA.) رَبْضٌ: see رَبَضٌ.

رُبْضٌ: see رَبَضٌ, in five places. b2: Also, accord. to Ks, (S,) and As, (Sgh, TA,) The middle of a thing: (S, Sgh, K:) but this is disapproved by Sh. (T, TA.) b3: And A collection of trees of the kinds called طَلْح and سَمُر: (K:) or a collection of abundant and dense trees. (TA.) رِبْضٌ: see رَبِيضٌ: in three places.

رَبَضٌ The lodging-place of sheep or goats; (S, A, * K;) because they lie therein upon their breasts; and in like manner of wild animals: (TA:) the nightly lodging-place of sheep or goats: (Msb:) and ↓ مَرْبِضٌ signifies the same: (S, * A, Mgh, Msb:) pl. of the former أَرْبَاضٌ: (S, A, * TA:) and of the latter مَرَابِضُ: (S, K: *) the مرابض of sheep or goats are like the مَعَاطِن of camels. (S.) b2: (tropical:) A place of abode: a place of abode of a people by itself: (A, TA:) pl. as above. (A.) b3: (tropical:) Anything to which a man betakes himself, or repairs, for lodging, covert, or refuge, (ISk, S, A, * Msb, K,) and at which, or with which, he finds rest, or ease; (K;) such as a house or tent, (S, A, K,) and the like, (S, K,) and a wife, (ISk, S, A, Msb,) or relations, (ISk, A, Msb,) or a family, and a relation, and property, (K,) and sheep or goats, and means of subsistence, and food; (TA;) and hence, (S,) milk which sustains a man, and suffices him for food: (S, K: *) pl. as above: (K:) رَبَضٌ and ↓ رَبْضٌ and ↓ رُبْضٌ (IAar, Sgh, K) and ↓ رُبُضٌ (K) are applied to a wife لِأَنَّهَا تَرْبِــضُ زَوْجَهَا, (so in copies of the K and in the TA, but in the CK تُرَبِّــضُ,) i. e. because she undertakes, or manages, the affairs of her husband, and gives him lodging, or refuge; (TA;) or because she fixes him, (تُرَبِّــضُهُ, i. e. تُثَبِّتُهُ,) so that he does not quit his place: (L, TA:) or to the mother; or the sister; who undertakes, or manages, the affairs of (تُعَزِّبُ [so in copies of the K and in the TA, in the latter of which it is thus explained, but in the CK تُقَرِّبُ,]) her relation. (K.) A poet says, جَآءَ الشِّتَآءُ وَلَمَّا أَتَّخِذْ رَبَضًا يَا وَيْحَ كَفَّىَّ مِنْ حَفْرِ القَرَامِيصِ (S, Mgh) i. e. [The winter has come, and I have not yet made for myself] a lodging: [O, wo to my two-hands, in consequence of digging] hollows in which to sit for protection from the cold. (Mgh.) And from رَبَضٌ applied to “ milk which sustains a man, and suffices him for food,” originated the prov., (K, TA,) مِنْكَ رَبَضُكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ سَمَارًا, meaning (tropical:) Thy family and thy servants (S, K) and those to whom thou betakest thyself for lodging or refuge, (S,) are appertenances of thine, though they be persons falling short [of their duty]: (S, K:) or thy manager of affairs, &c., though he be not a good manager of thine affairs: (L, TA:) and رَبَضٌ also signifies any woman who undertakes, or manages, the affairs of a house: but in the T we find ↓ رُبْضُكَ, thus written, as by Th, on the authority of IAar, but not restricted by a measure, and explained as meaning the person who undertakes, or manages, the affairs of thy house; and so in the book of proverbs by As: and in the margin of a copy of the S, we find the above-cited prov. thus written, وَإِنْ كَانَ سَمَارًا ↓ مِنْكَ رُبُضُكَ, as from the “ Book on Goats ” by Ibn-Zeyd, and expl. as meaning the sons of thy father are appertenances of thine, though they be evil persons, in whom is no good. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) The wall of a city: (K, TA:) the environs of a city, (S, A, Mgh,) and of a قَصْر [or palace &c.], (A,) consisting of houses or dwellings, (A, Mgh,) or of open country: (TA:) and ↓ رُبْضٌ signifies the same: (TA:) or this latter signifies the foundation, or basis, of a building; and of a city also: (K:) IKh writes it ↓ رُبُضٌ: and some say that ↓ رُبْضٌ and رَبَضٌ signify the same: (TA:) the former of these two signifies also the part, of a thing, that touches the ground: (K, TA:) so says Sh: accord. to ISh, الأَرْضِ ↓ رُبْضُ signifies what touches the ground, of a thing: (TA:) and رَبَضٌ also signifies a lateral, or an outward or adjacent, part: (K:) or lateral, or outward or adjacent, parts of a thing: (Ks, S:) also the space immediately pertaining to a mosque: and [the pl.]

أَرْبَاضٌ is explained by El-Karkhee as applied to the quarters, or districts, of a town, or city. (Mgh.) b5: رَبَضٌ also signifies (tropical:) The rope of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل, (A, K,) with which the رحل is bound; (A, TA;) one of the أَرْبَاض, or ropes of the رَحْل: (S, A:) or the part that is next the ground thereof; (K;) i. e., of the rope of the رحل; (TA;) not what is above the رحل: (K:) accord. to Lth, the part [of the belly] of the camel that is next the ground when he lies down; (L, TA; *) and the belly of the she-camel; and in like manner IAar explains the pl. أَرْبَاضٌ as meaning the bellies of camels; but Az says that this is a mistake. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A girth of a رَحْل, like the نِطَاق [q. v.], which is put upon the flanks of the she-camel, so as to have the haunches behind it, (K, TA,) on either side, having at its two ends two rings, to which are tied the [woven, or plaited, thongs called] أَنْسَاع: the رحل is bound with it. (TA.) b6: Also (tropical:) The مَصَارِين [or guts, or intestines,] of the belly, that have a winding, or coiled, form; (Lth, A, TA;) such as are in the belly of a sheep or goat: (Lth, TA:) or the folding intestines of beasts: (AHat, TA:) or the guts, bowels, or intestines, into which the food passes from the stomach; syn. أَمْعَآءٌ: (S, K:) or the contents of the belly, (K, TA,) consisting of the مَصَارِين &c., (TA,) except the heart (K, TA) and the lungs. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) The part that comprises the حَوَايَا [or winding, circling, or coiled, guts or intestines]; (IAar, TA;) as also ↓ رَبِيضٌ and ↓ مَرْبِضٌ and ↓ مَرْبَضٌ: (IAar, K, TA:) some describe the رَبَض as below the navel; and the ↓ مَرْبَض, as beneath the navel and above the pubes. (TA.) رُبُضٌ [(tropical:) Holding back, through indolence].

رُبُضٌ عَنِ الحَاجَاتِ, (A, K,) in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, عَلَى الحاجات, (TA,) and الأَسْفَارِ, (A, TA,) means (tropical:) A man who does not rise to perform needful affairs, (A, K,) and journeys: (A, TA:) or who does not go forth to undertake them. (Lh, TA.) A2: See also رَبَضٌ, in three places.

رُبْضَةٌ, applied to a man, i q. ↓ مُــتَرَبِّــضٌ; (K;) i. e. (tropical:) Remaining stationary, and impotent; (TA;) as also ↓ رُبَضَةٌ. (K.) A2: See also رِبْضَةٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A portion, (K,) or large portion, (IDrd,) of ثَرِيد [i. e. crumbled bread moistened with broth]. (IDrd, K.) A3: See also رُبْصَةٌ, with the unpointed ص.

رِبْضَةٌ A mode, or manner, of lying upon the breast: (K, and Har p. 382: [see 1, first signification:]) this is the primary meaning. (Har.) b2: And A place thereof. (Har ibid. [See again رَبَضٌ, first signification.]) b3: See also رَبِيضٌ, in three places. b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A place of slaughter (مَقْتَل) of any party, or company of men, slain in one plot of ground: (Lth, Sgh, K:) erroneously written by Sgh in the TS رَبَضَة; but in the O correctly. (TA.) [And accord. to the TA, it seems to be also applied to (assumed tropical:) The party so slain.]

A2: Also The body [of an animal] when lying upon the breast; particularly, of a hare, (A, K,) and of a lamb, (A, TA,) and of a she-goat; and so ↓ رُبْضَةٌ. (TA.) Hence the saying, أَتَانَا بِثَرِيدٍ كَأَنَّهُ رِبْضَةُ أَرْنَبٍ [He brought us crumbled bread moistened with broth resembling in size and shape the body of a hare lying upon its breast]. (A, K. *) دَابَّةٌ ضَخْمَةُ الرَّبَضَةِ A beast of which the traces of the place where it has been tied [and app. where it has lain] are large, or wide. (TA.) رُبَضَةٌ: see رُبْضَةٌ.

رَبُوضٌ: see رَابِضٌ. b2: Applied to a [skin such as is termed] قِرْبَة, (tropical:) Great, or large; hardly, or not at all, to be lifted; so that it remains fixed; or so that it causes him who desires to lift it to remain fixed. (A, TA.) b3: Then, (A,) applied to a tree (شَجَرَة), meaning (tropical:) Great, or large, (A 'Obeyd, S, A, * K,) and thick, (S,) and, accord. to the K, wide, but [SM says,] I have not seen that any of the leading authorities applies it in this last sense to a tree: (TA:) pl. رُبَضٌ. (K.) b4: Applied to a chain (سِلْسِلَة), (tropical:) Large, or big, (S, K, TA,) and heavy, cleaving to him upon whom it is put: it is of a measure having an intensive signification, and qualifying alike a masc. and a fem. n. (TA.) b5: Applied to a coat of mail (دِرْع), (tropical:) Large, or big: (A, TA:) or wide. (K.) b6: And, applied to a town (قَرْيَة), (assumed tropical:) Populous, (Sgh, K, TA,) and large. (TA.) رَبِيضٌ Sheep, or goats, with their pastors, collected together in their lodging-places; (S, A, K;) as though it were a quasi-pl. n.; as also ↓ رِبْضَةٌ and ↓ رِبْضٌ: (TA:) and hence, (L, TA,) ↓ the former of these two, (assumed tropical:) a company of men: (L, K:) and ↓ the latter of them, [accord. to the K,] a herd of bulls, or cows, in their lodgingplace; from the author of the book entitled كِتَابُ المُزْدَوِجِ مِنَ اللُّغَاتِ, only: (K, * TA:) but what this author says is, that ↓ رِبْضٌ signifies the lodging-places of bulls or cows [app. with the beasts in them]: and that the primary application of this word (رِبْضٌ) and ↓ رِبْضَةٌ is to sheep or goats; and that by a subsequent usage they have been applied to bulls or cows and to men. (TA.) See also رَابِضٌ. b2: One says also, صَبَّ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ حُمَّى رَبِيضًا [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) May God send (lit. pour) upon him a fever that shall cleave to him like as an animal lying upon its breast cleaves to the ground]. (TA.) A2: See also رَبَضٌ, last sentence.

رَبَّاضٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

رَابِضٌ Lying upon his breast; applied to a sheep or goat [&c.]; and so ↓ رَبُوضٌ applied to a hare; so too ↓ رَبَّاضٌ [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense] applied to a lion, as is also رَابِضٌ, and to a man lying on his adversary: (TA:) and [hence] ↓ الرَّبَّاضُ is an appellation of the lion: (K:) the pl. [of رَابِضٌ] is رُبَّضٌ and رُبُوضٌ: and the phrase الغَنَمِ ↓ كَرَبِيضَةِ, occurring in a trad., means كَالغَنَمِ الرُّبَّضِ [Like the sheep, or goats, that are lying upon their breasts]. (TA.) It is said in a prov., كَلْبٌ جَوَّالٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ

أَسَدٍ رَابِضٍ or رَبَضَ [A dog that roams about is better than a lion lying upon his breast or that has laid himself down upon his breast]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, because of his cleaving to the ground,] (tropical:) A sick man. (TA.) b3: [Hence also the phrase,] أَرْنَبَتُهُ رَابِضَةٌ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ (tropical:) The end of his nose is flat, and spreading upon his face. (A.) b4: الرَّابِضَانِ is an appellation applied to The Turks and the Abyssinians. (K, TA.) These are meant in the trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, لَا تَبْعَثُوا الرَّابِضَيْنِ, i. e. Rouse not ye against you the two [peoples] that are remaining quiet as long as they do not pursue you: it is like another trad., in which it is said, اُتْرُكُوا التُّرْكَ مَا تَرَكُوكُمْ وَدَعُوا الحَبَشَةَ مَا وَدَعُوكُمْ [Leave ye alone the Turks as long as they leave you alone, and let ye alone the Abyssinians as long as they let you alone]. (TA.) رَابِضَةٌ [as a subst. from رَابِضٌ, made so by the affix ة, An animal lying upon its breast]. One says of a man who kills when he shoots, and more commonly of him who kills when he smites with the [evil] eye, فُلَانٌ مَا تَقُومُ رَابِضَتُهُ [Such a one is so effective in his aim that his animal lying upon its breast does not rise]: (ISk, S, TA:) and in like manner, مَا تَقُومُ لَهُ رَابِضَةٌ: it is a prov. (TA.) b2: It is said in a trad., فَانْبَعَثَ لَهُ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الرَّابِضَةِ [And there rose and went to him one of the رَابضة]: (Lth, A, TA:) الرَّابِضَةُ means (tropical:) certain angels who were sent down [from Paradise] with Adam, (Lth, A, K, TA,) who direct those that err from the right way: (Lth, A, TA:) perhaps (Lth, TA) so called from their remaining upon the earth: (Lth, * A, TA: *) and [so in the K, but correctly “ or,”] the remainder of the Bearers of Evidence (حَمَلَةِ الحُجَّةِ [meaning those angels whereof every individual of mankind has two appointed to attend him constantly for the purpose of their bearing evidence of his good and evil deeds, which two are termed in the Kur l. 16 المُتَلَقِّيَانِ,]) whereof the earth will never be destitute. (S, K.) b3: And in another trad., respecting the signs of the coming of the resurrection, the Prophet is related to have said that one of those signs will be, that the ↓ رُوَيْبِضَة will speak respecting the affairs of the community: (T, TA:) الرُّوَيْبِضَةُ is the dim. of الرَّابِضَةُ (T, K, TA) signifying The pastor of رَبِيض [q. v.]; (T, TA;) and means (assumed tropical:) the mean, contemptible man, (S, K,) who speaks respecting the affairs of the community: thus expl. by the Prophet himself: (K: [in the CK, النّاقِهُ is erroneously put for التَّافِهُ:]) or he explained it as meaning (assumed tropical:) the vitious, or wicked, who speaks respecting the affairs of the community: A 'Obeyd compares this trad. with another, in which it is said that one of the signs above mentioned will be, that the pastors of sheep or goats will be the heads of the people: and Az says that الرويبضة means the pastor of sheep or goats: some say that it means (assumed tropical:) he who abstains, or holds back, from seeking the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility; and الرَّابِضَةُ signifies [the same, or] impotent to attain eminence: in this latter, the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification: and Az thinks it most probable that each of these is applied to the mean man because of his remaining in his house, or tent, and seldom rising and going forth to occupy himself in great affairs. (TA.) رُوَيْبِضَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

تِرْبَــاضٌ i. q. عُصْفُرٌ [Safflower, or bastard saffron]. (IAar, K.) مَرْبَضٌ: see رَبَضٌ, last sentence, in two places.

مَرْبِضٌ: see رَبَضٌ, first sentence: b2: and the same in the last sentence.

مُــتَرَبِّــضْ: see رُبْضَةٌ.

ربص

1 رَبَصَ بِفُلَانٍ, or بِالشَّىْءِ: see 5.

A2: رَبَصَنِى (K) A thing, or an affair, or an event, put me in expectation. (TA.) 5 تربّــص He expected; or awaited: (S:) he tarried; or tarried expecting. (IAth.) You say تربّــص الأَمْرَ He looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, the thing, or event. (Msb.) and تربّــص بِهِ الشَّىْءَ, (M,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) He looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, the thing, or event, to befall him, or betide him. (M, Msb.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 52], هَلْ تَرَبَّــصُونَ بِنَا إِلَّا

إِحْدَى الْحُسْنَيَيْنِ [Do ye look for, &c., aught save one of the two best things (namely victory or martyrdom) to betide us?]. (M.) And a poet says, تَرَبَّــصْ بِهَا رَيْبَ المَنُونِ لَعَلَّهَا تُطَلَّقُ يَوْمًا أَوْ يَمُوتُ حَلِيلُهَا [Wait thou for the vicissitudes of fortune to befall her: perhaps she may be divorced some day, or her husband may die]. (TA.) You say also, تربّــص بِسِلْعَتِهِ الغَلَآءَ [He looked for, &c., a time of dearness for his commodity, or article of merchandise]. (A.) And, [elliptically,) تربّــص بِفُلَانٍ, (K,) or بِالشَّىْءِ; (M;) and بِهِ ↓ رَبَصَ, (M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. رَبْصٌ; (M, A, K;) He looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, [something] good or evil to befall, or betide, (M, A, K,) such a one, (A, K,) or the thing: (M:) or تربًّ بِالشَّىْءَ signifies he looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, a day for the thing. (Lth.) رُبْصَةٌ An expecting; an awaiting; a waiting: (AHát, S, A, Msb, K:) a tarrying; or tarrying in expectation. (M.) You say, لِى فِى مَتَاعِى رُبْصَةٌ [I have to endure an expecting, &c., with respect to my goods, or commodities; app. meaning, I have to wait for a favourable opportunity to sell them]. (S, A.) And لِى بِالبَصْرَةِ رُبْصَةٌ [I have to endure an expecting, or a waiting, in ElBasrah]. (AHát, A.) And لِى عَلَى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ رُبْصَةٌ [I have to endure a tarrying, or a tarrying in expectation, for, or on account of, this thing, or affair]. (M.) b2: Also The period that is assigned to a husband when he has been pronounced incapable of sexual intercourse with his wife; so that if he go in to her [it is well with him, and he remains her husband]; but if not, a separation is made between them: so in the saying, أَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ رُبْصَتَهَا فِى بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا [The woman abode during the period so assigned to her husband in the house, or tent, of her husband]. (ISk, K.) [In like manner رُبْضَةٌ (perhaps a mistranscription) is explained in the A and TA in art. ربض: and the period is there said to be a year.]

مَرْبُوصٌ, applied to a man, (K,) Put in expectation. (TK.) مُــتَرَبِّــصُ One who withholds, or collects and withholds, wheat or the like, waiting for a time of dearness; syn. مُحْتَكرٌ. (S.)

وسم

1 وَسَمَ الثَّوْبَ [He marked, or put a mark on, the garment, &c.]; said of a trader, or dealer. (JK in art. رقم.) b2: وَسَمَهُ بِالهِجَآءِ [He branded him, or stigmatized him, with satire]. (TA.) See a hemistich cited voce شَكِىٌّ. b3: وَسَمَهُ He marked it [in any manner]. (Msb.) b4: وَسَمَهُ بِالقَوْلِ (tropical:) He stigmatized him, or set a mark upon him whereby he should be known, by something said. (TA in art. علظ.) b5: وَسَمْتُ الكِتَابَ [I put a superscription, or title, to the book, or writing.] (TA in art. عنو.) b6: وَسُمَ, inf. n. وَسَامَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and وَسَامٌ, (S, K,) He (a man, S) was beautiful in face: (S, Msb:) or bore the impress, or stamp, of beauty. (K.) 5 تَوَسَّمْتُ فِيهِ الخَبْرَ i. q.

تَفَرَّسْتُهُ; (S;) [I discovered, or perceived, in him good, or goodness, by right opinion formed from its outward signs;] originally, I knew its real existence in him by its outward sign. (MF.) See also Har, pp. 30, 46, 76. b2: تَوَسَّمَ He examined deliberately in order to know the real state or character of a thing by the external sign thereof. (Bd, xv.

75.) b3: He perceived a thing by forming a correct opinion from its outward signs. (TK.) سِمَةٌ A brand, or mark or figure made with a hot iron, upon an animal. (K.) And i. q. عَلَامَةٌ [A mark, sign, badge, token, symptom, &c.]. (Msb.) And The عُلْوَان [or title] of a book or writing. (TA in art. علو.) See also سِيمَةٌ and سِيمَى in art. سوم.

وَسِْمَةٌ [now applied to Woad]: i. q. عِظْلِمٌ, with which one tinges or dyes [the hands, &c.]: (S:) a certain plant, with the leaves of which one tinges or dyes [the hands, &c.]; and said to be the عِظْلِم: (Msb:) the leaves of the نِيل [or indigo-plant]: or a plant [of another species (TA)] with the leaves of which one tinges or dyes [the hands, &c.] (K.) الوَسْمِىُّ

: on the rain thus called, see نَوْءٌ.

مَوْسِمٌ [A periodical festival: a fair:] i. q. عِيدٌ. (Msb, art. عود.) b2: مَوْسِمُ الحَاجِّ The fair, and place of meeting, of the pilgrims. (Mgh.) مِيسَمٌ A brand, or mark made with a hot iron. (TA, voce خِدَادٌ.) b2: [Originally] A branding, or cauterizing, instrument [or iron]; (S, K;) a marking instrument. (Msb.) b3: An impress, or a character, of beauty. (S, K.) See an ex. in a verse cited voce أَثِمَ.

ربق

1 رَبَقَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K) and رَبَقَ, (S, K,) inf. n. رَبْقٌ, (JK, S, Msb,) He put his head (i. e. the head of a kid, S, K, or of a lamb, K, or of a sheep or goat, Msb) into the رِبْقْة, (S, K,) or into the رِبْق: (Msb:) or, accord. to the M, he made fast, or bound or tied fast or firmly, him, or it, in the رِبْقَة: (TA:) or he made fast, or bound or tied fast or firmly, his (a sheep's or goat's) neck with the رِبْق, or cord: (JK:) and ↓ ربّقهُ, inf. n. تَرْبِــيقٌ, he made fast, or bound or tied fast or firmly, him, or it, in the رِبَاق [pl. of رِبْقٌ or of رِبْقَةٌ]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَبَقَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَبْقٌ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) He made him to fall into the thing, or affair. (Msb, K.) b3: رَبْقٌ also signifies The act of making fast; or binding, or tying, fast, or firmly; and so رِبْقٌ; (K;) each as an inf. n. of رَبَقَهُ. (TK.) 2 ربّق [He prepared the أَرْبَاق, pl. of رِبْقٌ]. One says, رَمَّدِتِ الضَّأْنُ فَرَبّقْ رَبّقْ, i.e. [The ewes have secreted milk in their udders: therefore] prepare thou the أَرْبَاق: prepare thou the ارباق: for they will bring forth soon: (S, K:) because they [begin to] secrete milk in their udders عَلَى

رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [i. e. at the time of bringing forth, or when about to produce the young]. (S.) It is not thus in the case of she-goats: therefore, (S,) in the case of these, one says رَنّقْ, with ن, (S, K,) meaning “ wait thou: ” because they show sings of pregnancy in the state of their udders, and bring forth after some length of time: and [in the case of these] one says also رَمِّقْ, with م. (K. [See arts. رمق and رنق.]) b2: One also says, رَبَّقَ أَثْنَآءَ الحَبْلِ, meaning He made loops in the middle of the rope to put upon the necks of the young lambs or kids. (T in art. ثنى.) b3: See also 1. b4: رَبَّقْتُ الكَلَامَ I interlarded, or embel-lished, the speech, or discourse, with falsehood; as also رَمَّقْتُهُ; syn. لَفَّقْتُ بَيْنَهُ; (JK;) [or لَفَّقْتُهُ; for] تَرْبِــيقُ الكَلَامِ signifies تَلْفِيقُهُ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also تَرْمِيقُهُ. (Ibn-'Abbád.) 5 تَرَبَّــقْتُ الشَّىْءَ, (JK,) or تربّــقتهُ مِنْ عُنُقِى, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) (tropical:) I hung the thing upon my neck. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) 8 ارتبق He (a kid) had his head put into the رِبْقَة. (S.) b2: [Hence,] ارتبق فِى حِبَالَتِى He (a gazelle, S, K) became caught in my snare. (Lh, JK, S, K.) b3: And ارتبقتُ فِى حِبَالَتِهِ (tropical:) I became caught in [the snare of] his deceit. (TA.) b4: And ارتبق فِى الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He fell into the thing, or affair. (Msb, K.) A2: اِرْتَبَقْتُهُ لِنَفْسِى I tied, bound, or made fast, him, or it, for myself. (TA.) رِبْقٌ A cord having in it a number of loops wherewith lambs, or kids, are tied, or made fast; any one of which loops is termed ↓ رِبْقَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبْقَةٌ: (K:) or a cord which is doubled in the form of a ring, into which is put the head of a sheep or goat, and which is then tied, or made fast: so, says Az, I have heard from the Arabs of the desert of Benoo-Temeem: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] رِبَاقٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَقٌ and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاقٌ. (S, K.) b2: Hence, (TA,) خَلَعَ الإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ ↓ رِبْقَةَ, (S, Msb, TA,) occurring in a trad., (S,) (tropical:) He cast off the tie of El-Islám, (Msb, TA,) with which he had bound himself, (TA,) [from his neck.] (Msb, TA. [See also خَلَعَ.]) And لَكُمُ العَهْدُ مَا لَمْ تَأْكُلُوا الرِّبَاقَ, also occurring in a trad., (S,) meaning (tropical:) [The covenant is yours] as long as ye sever not the tie with which ye are bound; this tie being likened to the رِبْق upon the necks of lambs or kids; and the severing thereof, to the beast's eating its رِبْق, and severing it; for thereby the beast becomes free from the tie. (TA.) And in a trad. of 'Omar, حُجُّوا بِالذُّرِّيَّةِ لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَرْزَاقَهَا وَتَذَرُوا أَرْبَاقَهَا فِى

أَعْنَاقِهَا [Perform ye the pilgrimage with the women: devour not their means of subsistence, while ye leave their ties upon their necks]: he likens the obligations imposed upon them to ارباق. (TA.) One says also, ↓ حَلَّ رِبْقَتَهُ, meaning (tropical:) He removed from him his anxiety: (K, TA:) and so ↓ قَطَعَ رِبْقَتَهُ. (TA.) رَبْقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رِبْقَةٌ: see رِبْقٌ, in four places. b2: Also A thing woven of black wool, of the width of the تِكَّة [or band of the drawers or trowsers], in which is a red stripe of dyed wool: its extremities are tied together, and then it is hung upon the neck [or shoulder] of a boy, so that one of his arms comes forth from it like as when a man puts forth one of his arms from the suspensory of the sword: the Arabs of the desert hang the رِبَق [pl. of رِبْقَةٌ] upon the necks of their boys only as a preservative from the [evil] eye. (T, TA.) رِبِقَّانٌ and رِبِقَّانَةٌ Evil in disposition: applied to a man; and in like manner to a woman: mentioned by As and in the K in art. عبق [where, in some copies, it is written رَبْقَانُ]. (TA.) رَبِيقٌ, (TA,) or رَبِيقَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to a lamb or kid (بَهْمَة), (ISk, S, K,) or to a sheep or goat (شَاة), (Msb, TA,) Having its head put into the رِبْقَة; (ISk, S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبُوقَةٌ (ISk, JK, S, Msb, K) and ↓ مُرَبَّقَةٌ. (JK, TA.) أُمُّ الرُّبَيْقِ Calamity, or misfortune: (JK, S, K:) whence the prov., جَآءَنَا بِأمِّ الرُّبَيْقِ عَلَى أُرَيْقِ, (TA,) meaning He brought us a great calamity, or misfortune: (K in art. ارق:) As says that the Arabs assert it to have been said by a man who saw the ghool upon a dusky white camel (جَمَل

أَوْرَق); (S in that art., and TA;) أُرَيْق being the dim. of أَوْرَق: (K in that art.:) or امّ الربيق is a name of war, or battle: or the viper: (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) this last signification is held to be correct by Z, because, he says, the viper is short, and when it folds itself it resembles the رِبَق (TA.) تِرْبِــيقٌ A cord with which a ewe, or goat, is tied (K, TA) by the neck. (TA.) مُرْبِقٌ i. q. مُطْرِقٌ [Silent: or lowering the eyes, looking towards the ground: &c.]. (JK, TA.) مُرَبَّقَةٌ: see رَبِيقٌ.

A2: Also, [or خُبْزَةٌ مُرَبَّقَةٌ,] A cake of bread, or one baked in ashes, into which fat has been put; syn. خُبْزَةٌ مُشَحَّمَةٌ. (K.) مَرْبُوقَةٌ: see رَبِيقٌ

قرب

1 قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. دَنَا; (S, O;) contr. of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [app. relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [app. as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aor. ـَ and قَرَبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. قدم. [See art. بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. دلو: see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ اقرب is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its inf. n.]

الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقــترب, also, is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْــتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقــترب مِنِّى

[meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is syn. with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) b2: قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.) b3: In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.) A2: قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] accord. to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but accord. to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَآءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.) b3: And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.) A3: قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (accord. to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.) A4: قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.) A5: And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. app. قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its inf. n.,]) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.) 2 قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (S, O, Msb. *) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ اللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.] b2: [And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ham p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.) b3: قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bd.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) And ↓ قرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (S, O: in the Msb, إِلَى اللّٰهِ.) b4: حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (K,) signifies (tropical:) He said, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, K:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.) b5: And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and K * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp.82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“ My house is a little before the mosque ”]. (Kull p. 124.) b6: And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.) b7: and A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (S, O, K) of a horse: (S, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (S, O, K *) in running: (S, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (Az, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (S, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى

[which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (S, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end, in two places.3 قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: One says of a vessel, (S, O, K,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (S, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (K) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Msb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (K, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ &c.] b3: قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (Az, K, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (K in art. وط; &c.) and قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, S, Msb, all in art. دنو.) b4: قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ham p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.) b5: And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, K, TA.) b6: And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O, * K, * TA.) b7: And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (S, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (S.) b8: مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (K.) 4 أَقْرَبَ see 1, second quarter. b2: [Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (S, A, O, K,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (S, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, S, * O, * TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the S and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and K in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, S, A, O, K.) b3: and اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (K, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.) b4: And He nearly filled a vessel. (S, O, K.) b5: لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.) b6: اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O, * K, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.) b7: And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] ↓ قارب, not مُقْربٌ: (As, S, O:) the former of these is said by A'Obeyd to be anomalous: (S, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]

A2: See also 1, last quarter, in six places.5 تَقَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning (tropical:) Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (As, O, L, K, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.) b3: And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب اللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, K,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (S, K, * TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness, &c., to Him]. (A.) A2: تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, K, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.) 6 تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (S, * A, * Msb:) you say تقاربوا and ↓ اقــتربــوا [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.) b2: See also 1, second quarter. b3: تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means (tropical:) His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, K, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O, * K, * TA.) b4: And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly ripe. (O, K, TA.) b5: And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.) 8 إِقْــتَرَبَ see 1, second quarter, in two places: b2: and see also 6.10 استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Msb.) قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also ↓ هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Msb.) and رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (S in art. ام; &c.) b2: It is also syn. with ↓ قَرَابٌ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ

[i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, عَنْ

↓ قَرِيبٍ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov., أَكْيَسُ ↓ الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ, thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ بِقُرَابٍ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ قِرَاب (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.] b3: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b4: It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.) A2: قُرْبٌ also, and ↓ قُرُبٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, K:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.) قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ قِرَابَةٌ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.] b2: Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, K.) قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.

قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.) b2: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b3: Also, (A, O, Msb,) and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ, (Msb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ قُرْبَانٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (S, * O, * TA,) used for water: (S, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, K:) or such as is sewed on one side: (K:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., S, O) قِرَبٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ and ↓ قِرَابَةٌ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (K, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]

قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: b2: and see also قَرَابَةٌ.

قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (S, O, K:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (S, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaakoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.) A2: See also the paragraph here following.

قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Kur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Msb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, O, K,) and ↓ قَرْبَانٌ, (K,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, K,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (K;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (S, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (S, ISd, A, O, K,) or of a governor, or prince; (S, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (S, A, O, K:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (S, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. of ↓ قَرِيبٌ. (A in art. بعد.) قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.

قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places: b2: and قُرْبٌ, near the middle: b3: and قِرَابٌ, former half: b4: and قُرَابَةٌ.

قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the S,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,) هُوَ ابْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ (O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.) b2: See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ and ↓ قُرَابَتُهُ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (K.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Es-Sinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-'Amr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA, *) إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا [If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the S and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (S, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Msb.) And الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ ↓ المَآءُ قُرَابَةُ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]

A2: Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (K, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (K, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (S, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Msb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Msb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.

قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O, * TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (S, A, O, K) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ أَقْرَبُ, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى

[meaning He is my relation], as too you say, ↓ هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى (S, O, K) and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ and منّى ↓ ذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قُرْبَى; (TA;) but not ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ قَرَابَةٌ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mtr,] ↓ قَرَابَةٌ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.) b4: And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ and ↓ قُرَابٌ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.) b5: It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence. b6: And one says, مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ

عَالِمٍ ↓ وَلَا قُرَابِ and عَالِمٍ ↓ قُرَابَةِ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ

[i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) And مِنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (S, O;) or مِنْكَ ↓ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ

meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (K.) b7: فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, K, TA.) قَرَابَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is originally an inf. n., (S,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] and ↓ قُرْبَى and ↓ قُرْبَةٌ and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قُرْبٌ (S, O) and ↓ مَقْرُبَةٌ and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (S, O, K) ↓ مَقْرِبَةٌ, (K,) all of them, (S, O, K,) or the first and ↓ قُرْبَى, (Msb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (S, O, * Msb, K, * TA;) or the first has the former of these significations and ↓ قُرْبَى has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the S, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Msb, it and ↓ القُرْبَى are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, and ↓ القُرْبَى as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (S, O.) b2: See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.

قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter: b2: and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places. b3: قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception, &c.]; (Fr, O, K;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.]) قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ: A2: and see also قَرَبٌ.

جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, K,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, K.) قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى

[There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.]) قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.) قَرْنَبٌ: &c.: see art. قرنب.

قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to As and A'Obeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (S, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (S, O, K, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (S, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (As, S, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (S, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAar, TA.) مَا لِى

قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) and حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.) A2: Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, K;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (S, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.) قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, K.) أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, and in respect of time, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ (tropical:) The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.) مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (O, K) (tropical:) A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, K, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “ the journeying by night,” or “ the journeying [by night] to water: ” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAar: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “ the ” journeying [by night &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.) مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: fem. with ة:] or this is done only with mares, lest a stallion of low race should cover them: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or خَيْلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ signifies horses that are [kept] near at hand, and prepared [for riding]: (El-Ahmar, TA:) or horses that have been prepared by scant food (ضُمِّرَتْ) for riding: (Sh, TA:) or horses of generous race, that are not confined in the pasturage, but are confined near to the tents, or dwellings, prepared for running. (R, TA.) and إِبِلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ Camels girded for riding: (Sh, O, K:) or camels upon which are saddles (رِحَال) cased with leather, whereon kings ride: but this explanation has been disallowed. (Aboo-Sa'eed [i. e. As], TA.) [See also مُكْرَبَاتٌ.]

مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (S, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (S, O, K, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (S, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (S, O, K, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.) مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ: A2: and see also مَقْرَبٌ.

مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.

المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.

A2: See also what here follows, in two places.

شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ and ↓ مُقَرَّبٌ, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ and خَبَرٍ ↓ مُقَرَّبَةِ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.) مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر (tropical:) A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (S, O, K: *) and also a cheap thing: (S, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Msb:) you should not say ↓ مُقَارَبٌ, (ISk, S, O, Msb,) with fet-h: (ISk, Msb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], and ↓ مَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ with fet-h, (K, TA,) meaning [a commodity, &c.,] not precious. (TA.) مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.) b2: And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, K; *) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (K:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, K. *)

ربل

1 رَبَلُوا, (T, S, M, K,) aor. ـُ (T, S, K) and رَبِلَ, (K,) inf. n. رُبُولٌ, (T,) They multiplied; became many in number: (T, M, K:) they increased and multiplied: (S:) and their children multiplied, and their cattle, or property. (M, K.) See also 8. b2: رَبَلَتْ She (a woman) was, or became, fleshy; (M;) and so ↓ تربّــلت. (S.) And you say also لَحْمُهُ ↓ تربّــل [app. meaning His flesh was, or became, abundant]. (M in art. رأبل.) A2: رَبَلَتِ الأَرْضُ, (IDrd, M, K,) inf. n. رَبْلُ; (IDrd, TA;) and ↓ اربلت; (IDrd, M, K;) The land produced رَبْل [q. v.]: (IDrd, K:) or abounded with رَبْل: (M:) or the latter signifies it ceased not to have in it رَبْل. (T.) And رَبَلَتِ المَرَاعِى The pasturages abounded with herbage. (T.) [See also 5.]4 أَرْبَلَ see above.

A2: Also اربل He was, or became, wicked, crafty, or cunning; [like رَأْبَلَ; see art. رأبل;] and lay in wait for the purpose of doing evil, or mischief. (TA.) 5 تَرَبَّــلَ see 1, in two places.

A2: تربِّــلت الأَرْضُ The land had trees such as are termed رَبْل; i. e. breaking forth with green leaves, without rain, when the season had become cool to them, and the summer had retired: (As, A'Obeyd, T:) or the land became green after dryness, at the advent of autumn. (S.) And تربّــل الشَّجَرُ The trees put forth leaves such as are termed رَبْل. (M, K. *) b2: تربّــل also signifies He ate رَبْل; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) said of a gazelle. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) and They (a company of men) pastured their cattle upon رَبْل. (M, K.) And He prosecuted a search after رَبْل. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: Also He took, captured, caught, snared, or trapped; or sought to take &c.; game, or wild animals, or the like. (M, K.) You say, خَرَجُوا يَــتَرَبَّــلُونَ They went forth to take &c., or seeking to take &c., game &c. (M.) 8 ارتبل مَالُهُ His cattle, or property, multiplied; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) like ↓ رَبَلَ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) Q. Q. 2 تَرَيْبَلَ, originally تَرَأْبَلَ: see the latter, in art. رأبل.

رَبْلٌ Fat, and soft, or supple: [perhaps, in this sense, a contraction, by poetic license, of رَبِلٌ:] an epithet applied to a man. (Ham p. 630.) A2: Also A sort of trees which, when the season has become cool to them, and the summer has retired, break forth with green leaves, without rain: (As, A'Obeyd, T, S:) or certain sorts of trees that break forth [with leaves] in the end of the hot season, after the drying up, by reason of the coolness of the night, without rain: (K:) accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, a plant, or herbage, that scarcely, or never, grows but after the ground has dried up; as also رَيِّحَةٌ and خِلْفَةٌ and رِبَّةٌ: (TA:) [and] leaves that break forth in the end of the hot season, after the drying up, by reason of the coolness of the night, without rain: (M:) pl. رُبُولٌ. (S, M, K.) رَبَلٌ A certain plant, intensely green, abounding at Bulbeys [a town in the eastern province of Lower Egypt, commonly called Belbeys or Bilbeys,] (K) and its neighbourhood: (TA:) two drachms thereof are an antidote for the bite of the viper. (K.) رَبِلٌ, applied to a man, Fleshy: (A'Obeyd, S, TA:) or fleshy and fat. (TA. [See also رَبِيلٌ.]) And [in like manner the fem.] رَبِلَةٌ, as also ↓ مَــتَرَبِّــلَةٌ, Fleshy (M, K) and fat; applied to a woman. (M.) And رَبِلَةٌ applied to a woman signifies also Large in the رَبَلَات [pl. of رَبَلَةٌ, q. v.]; (Lth, T, M, K;) as also ↓ رَبْلَأءُ: (M, K:) or both signify رَفْغَآءُ; (O, K; [in the CK, erroneously, رَقْعاءُ;]) i. e. narrow in the أَرْقَاغ [or groins, or inguinal creases, or the like], as expl. in the 'Eyn: (TA:) or you say رَبْلَآءُ رَفْغَآءُ, meaning [app., as seems to be implied in the context, large in the رَبَلَات and] narrow in the أَرْفَاغ. (Lth, T.) رَبْلَةٌ: see what next follows.

رَبَلَةٌ (Az, T, S, M, K) and ↓ رَبْلَةٌ, (S, M, K,) the former said by As to be the more chaste, (S,) The inner part of the thigh; (Az, T, S, M, K;) i. e., of each thigh, of a man: (Az, T:) or any large portion of flesh: (M, K:) or the parts (M, K) of the inner side of the thigh [or of each thigh] (M) that surround the udder (M, K) and the vulva: (K:) pl. رَبَلَاتٌ; (Az, T, S, M, K;) which Th explains as meaning the roots of the thighs. (M, TA.) رَبَالٌ Fleshiness and fatness. (IAar, T. [Thus in two copies of the T, without ة. See also رَبَالَةٌ.]) رَبِيلٌ Fleshy; applied to a man: (T:) or corpulent, large in body, or big-bodied; so applied: (TA:) and with ة fat; applied to a woman. (TT, as from the T; but wanting in a copy of the T. [See also رَبِلٌ.]) b2: [Also] A thief who goes on a hostile, or hostile and plundering, expedition, (M, K,) against a party, (M,) by himself. (M, K. [See also رِيبَالٌ; and see Q. 2 in art. رأبل.]) رَبَالَةٌ Fleshiness, (A'Obeyd, S, M, K,) and some add and fatness. (TA. [See also رَبَالٌ.]) b2: بئْرٌ ذَاتُ رَبَالَةٍ A well of which the water is wholesome and fattening to the drinkers. (Ham p. 367.) رَبِيلَةٌ Fatness; (S, M, K;) and ease, or ampleness of the circumstances, or plentifulness and pleasantness, or softness or delicateness, of life: (M, K: [in the CK, النِّعْمَةُ is erroneously put for النَّعْمَةٌ:]) or the primary signification is softness, or suppleness, and fatness. (Ham p. 367.) رَيْبَلٌ, applied to a woman, Soft, or tender: (O, TA:) or fleshy: (TA:) or soft, or tender, and fleshy. (K. [In the CK, النّاقةُ is erroneously put for النَّاعِمَةُ.]) رَابِلَةٌ The flesh of the shoulder-blade. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) رِيبَالٌ The lion; (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K;). as also رِئْبَالٌ, (S,) which is the original form, (M in art. رأبل, q. v.,) derived from رَأْبَلَةٌ signifying

“ wickedness,” &c.: (TA in that art.:) Aboo-Sa'eed says that it is allowable to omit the ء [and substitute for it ى]: (S:) [and Az says,] thus I have heard it pronounced by the Arabs, without ء: (T:) or, accord. to Skr, it signifies a fleshy and young lion: (TA:) the pl. is رَيَابِلَةٌ (T, TA) and رَيَابِيلُ: (S, TA:) and hence رَيَابِيلُ العَرَبِ, meaning Those, of the Arabs, who used to go on hostile, or hostile and plundering, expeditions, upon their feet [and alone]. (TA. [See also رَبِيلٌ; and see Q. 2 in art. رأبل.]) It is also applied as an epithet to a wolf: and to a thief: (T, S:) accord. to Lth, because of their boldness: (T:) or as meaning Malignant, guileful, or crafty. (TA.) Applied to an old, or elderly, man, (M, K,) it means Advanced in age, (M,) or weak, or feeble. (K.) Also One who is the only offspring of his mother. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b2: Applied to herbage, Tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, and tall. (Fr, T, K.) رِيبَالَةٌ A cunning, or crafty, lion. (TA.) رَبْلُ أَرْبَلُ means, (M, K,) app., (M,) Good, or excellent, رَبْل. (M, K. *) A2: رَبْلَآءُ [its fem.]: see رَبِلٌ.

أَرْضٌ مِرْبَالٌ A land that ceases not to have in it رَبْل: (T:) or a land abounding therewith. (M, K.) مُــتَرَبِّــلَةٌ, applied to a woman: see رَبِلٌ.

كرب

1 كَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كُرُوبٌ, It was, or became, near; drew near; approached. (S, K.) [Compare قَرُبَ.] b2: [You say] كَرَبَ أَنْ يَكُونَ, and كَرَبَ يَكُونُ, He, or it, was near, or nigh, to being b3: . (TA.) This is one of the verbs to which one does not give as its enunciative the act. part. n. of the verb which is its proper enunciative: [so that] you do not say, كَرَبَ كَائِنًا: [in which كَرَبَ implies the pron. هُوَ, which is called its noun; and كائنا is put for يَكُونُ, or أَنْ يَكُونَ, its proper enunciative]. (Sb.) كَرَبَ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا He was near, or nigh, to doing so; he well nigh, or almost, did so. (S, K.) b4: كَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ The sun was, or became, near to setting. (S, K.) b5: كربت الجَارِيَةُ ان تُدْرِكَ The girl was near to coming of age. (TA.) b6: كَرَبَتْ حَيَاةُ النَّارِ The fire was near to becoming extinguished. (S, K.) A2: كَرَبَ He bound near together the two pasterns of an ass or of a camel with a rope or with shackles. (TA.) b2: كَرَبَ القَيْدَ He straitened, or made narrow, the shackle, or shackles, (S, K, TA,) upon the [animal] shackled. (S, K.) 'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Anameh Ed-Dabbee says, أَزْجُرْ حِمَارَكَ لَا يَرْتَعْ بِرَوْضَتِنَا

إِذًا يُرَدَّ وَقَيْدُ العَيْرِ مَكْرُوبُ [Check thine ass: let him not pasture at large in our meadow: in that case he will be sent back with the ass's shackles straitened]: (S:) meaning Do not venture to revile us; for we are able to shackle this ass, and to prevent his acting as he pleaseth. (L.) See Ham, p. 290. b3: كَرَبَ, aor. ـُ He loaded a she-camel. (S, K.) A3: كَرَبَهُ, (aor.

كَرُبَ, inf. n. كَرْبٌ, TA,) It (sorrow, grief, &c., S, K, or an affair, Msb, TA) afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, him, (S, Msb, K,) so that it filled his heart with rage. (Msb.) See also 8.

A4: كَرَبَ الدَّلْوَ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. كَرْبٌ, TA,) and ↓ كرّبها, (K,) and ↓ اكربها, (S, K,) He put or attached, a كَرَب to the bucket. (S, K.) b2: كَرِبَ, aor. ـَ The rope called كَرَب of his bucket broke. (K.) كَرَبَ, aor. ـُ and ↓ كرّب; explained by the words طَقْطَقَ الكَرِيبَ لِخَشَبَةِ الخَبَّازِ [app. meaning, He caused the كريب (a baker's wooden implement) to make a sound, or a reiterated sound, such as is termed طَقْطَقَة]. (K.) A5: كَرَبَ; (accord. to the K;) or ↓ كرّب, inf. n. تَكْرِيبٌ; (accord. to IM;) He sowed land such as is called كَرِيبٌ. (K.) b2: كَرَبَ الأَرْضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَرْبٌ and كِرَابٌ, He turned over the ground for sowing, (K,) or for cultivating. (S, Msb.) A6: كَرَبَ, aor. ـُ He took the كَرَب (or lower parts, or ends, of the branches) from the palm-trees. (IAar, K.) He lopped a palmtree. (Msb.) A7: كَرَبَ, aor. ـُ and ↓ كرّب; He ate the dates called كُرَابَة. (K.) A8: كَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَرْبٌ, He twisted [a rope &c.] (قُتَلَ: accord. to some copies of the K) or he slew (قَتَلَ: accord to other copies of the same).2 كَرَّبَكرّب: see 1 in four places.3 كاربه i. q. قاربه, He, or it, approached, or was or became near to, him, or it. (K.) The ك is substituted for ق. (TA.) 4 أَكربهُ [He, or it, affected him with كَرْب, i. e. sorrow, grief, distress, or affliction: occurring in the TA in several places.]

A2: اكرب, inf. n. إِكْرَابٌ, He filled (K) a skin. (TA.) b2: اكرب الإِنَاءَ He nearly filled the vessel: [as also اقربه]. (TA.) b3: See 1.

A3: اكرب, inf. n. إِكْرَابٌ, (tropical:) He hastened, or sped: (S, K:) he ran, in the manner termed إِحْضَار and عَدْو. (Az.) You say, خُذْ رِجْلَيْكَ بِإِكْرَابٍ [Take up thy feet with speed,] when you order one to hasten in his pace. (S.) In this sense, أَكْرَبَ is said of a man, but seldom; and of a horse, or other animal that runs. (Lth, Lh.) 5 تكرّب He picked the dates called كُرَابَة (K) from among the roots of the branches (TA) [after the racemes of fruit had been cut off]; and تكرّب النَّخْلَةَ he picked the dates that were among the roots of the branches of the palm-tree, as also تَخَلَّلَهَا. (AHn, TA in art. خل.) 8 اكــترب He became afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief, &c., (K,) or by an affair (TA) so also ↓ كَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (TA.) كَرْبٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.] b2: [You say]

هٰذَهِ إِبِلٌ مِائَةٌ أَوْ كَرْبُهَا (this is the right reading; and some say that ↓ كُرْبُهَا is correct: TA: [the latter is the reading in the CK:]) There are a hundred camels, or about that number; or nearly so. (K.) كرب is syn. with قُرْبٌ. (L.) A2: كَرْبٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ كُرْبَةٌ (S, O, Msb, K) Grief [or distress, that affects the breath or respiration, [lit.] that takes away the breath: (S, O, and so accord. to some copies of the K, [agreeably with present usage, see بَهْرٌ, last sentence:]) or the soul: (so [erroneously] accord. to some copies of the K) or anxiety, solicitude, or disquietude of the mind: (Msb:) [or grief, or anxiety, that presses heavily upon the heart:] or both signify anxiety, grief, or intense grief: (MA:) pl. of the former كُرُوبٌ, (K,) and of the latter كُرَبٌ. (Msb.) كُرْبٌ: see كَرْبٌ.

كَرَبٌ The rope that is tied to the bucket after the مَنِين, which is the first [or main] rope, so that it (the كرب) remains if the منين break: or the rope that is tied to the middle of the cross-bars of the bucket, (and is then doubled, and then trebled, S,) so as to be that which is next the water, in order that the great rope may not rot: (S, K:) but in a marginal note in a copy of the S, it is said that this latter explanation properly applies to the دَرَك; not to the كرب: (IM:) pl. أَكْرَابٌ. (TA.) A2: كَرَبٌ [coll. gen. n.] The lower parts, or ends, of palm-branches, (S, K,) which are thick and broad, (K,) like shoulderblades: (S:) or the stumps of the branches, or what remain upon the palm-tree, of the lower parts, or ends, of the branches, after the lopping, like steps: n. un. with ة. (TA.) Hence the proverb, مَتَى كَانَ حُكْمُ اللّٰهِ فِى كَرَبِ النَّخْلِ [When was the wisdom of God in the stumps, or lower ends, of palm-branches?] (S.) Said by Jereer, in reply to Es-Salatán El-'Abdee, who had pronounced El-Ferezdak superior to Jereer in point of lineage, and Jereer superior to ElFerezdak as a poet. IB denies it to be a proverb; but IM contends against him that it is, [The meaning is, When was God's wisdom in husbandmen, and possessors of palm-trees? for the region of Es-Salatán's tribe abounded in palm-trees. The words are applied to a man who provokes another to a contest for excellence, being unworthy of the contest. See Freytag, Arab. Prov., ii. 628.]

كُرْبَةٌ: see كَرْبٌ.

كَرَبَةٌ sing. of كِرَابٌ, which latter signifies The channels in which water flows (S) in a valley: (K:) or the upper parts (صُدُور) of valleys. (AA.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, describing bees, جَوَارِسُهَا تَأْوِى الشُّعُوفَ دَوَائِبًا وَتَنْصَبُّ أَلْهَابًا مَصِيفًا كِرَابُهَا [The eaters, or feeders, among them, resort to the upper parts of the mountains, busily engaged, and pour down (into) ravines with crooked water-channels]. (S.) [جوارس, شعوف, and مصيف, are explained as above in the TA: and الهاب is said in the S and TA, art. لهب, to be here pl. of لِهْبٌ. In a copy of the S, this last is erroneously written إِلْهَابًا.]

A2: كَرَبَةٌ (in the TA, written كَرَبٌ,) The piece of wood (زِرّ) in which is inserted the head of a tent-pole. (K.) كَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: (S:) fem. كَرْبَاءُ; pl. كَرْبَى and كِرَابٌ. (TA.) Yaakoob asserts, that the ك in this word is a substitute for the ق in قَرْبَانُ; but ISd denies this. (TA.) كرابُ إِنَاءٍ [app. كِرَاب or كُرَاب] What is less than جُمَامُ إِنَاوِ; [i. e., what is nearly equal to the full, or piled-up, contents, or measure, of a vessel]. (TA.) See قِرَابٌ.

الكِرَابُ عَلَى البَقَرِ [The turning over of the soil is the work of the oxen]: a proverb. (S, K.) See art. كِلب: [where other readings, namely الكِرَابَ and الكِلَابَ and الكِلَابُ, are mentioned]. (K.) كَرِيبٌ i. q. قَرَاحٌ [Land which has neither water nor trees: or land that is cleared for sowing and planting: pl., app., كِرَابٌ: see an ex. near the end of the first paragraph of art. ختم:] (K:) and جَادِسٌ [land that is not cultivated nor ploughed], that has never been sowed. (TA.) See also جَرِيبٌ.

A2: A wooden implement of a baker, or maker of bread, with which he forms the cakes of bread (يُرَغِّفُ). (K.) [In the TA is added “ in the oven ”: but I doubt the propriety of this addition.]

A3: A knot, or joint, (كَعْبٌ), of a reed or cane. (K.) A4: Accord. to IAar, i. q. شُوبَقٌ, which is the same as فَيْلَكُونٌ. [شوبق is an arabicised word, from the Persian شُوبَجْ, or چُوبَهْ, both of which signify a rolling-pin, and this meaning is given to شوبق and شوبك in the present day. It should be remarked, however, that كَرْنِيب (with ن), which is probably a corruption of كَرِيبٌ, is a name often given in Egypt, in the present day, to a baker's peel.] In the L, كريب is explained, as on the authority of Kr, by سَوِيقٌ; but this is probably a mistake for شوبق. (TA.) See مَكْرُوبٌ.

كَرَابَةٌ: see كُرَابَةٌ كُرَابَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَرَابَةٌ (K), but the former is the more approved word, (TA,) Dates that are picked from among the roots of the branches (S, K) after the racemes of fruit have been cut off: (S:) the scattered dates that remain at the roots of the branches: (AHn, TA voce خُلَالَةٌ, which signifies the same:) pl. أَكْرِبَةٌ, in the formation of which, the augmentative letter (meaning the fem. ة, TA,) seems to have been rejected [or disregarded]; for فُعَالَةٌ (this is the right reading; TA; but in some copies of the K we read فُعَالَى, and in others فُعَال;) does not form a pl. on the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ. (K.) b2: AHn says, that in this verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, كَأَنَّمَا مَضْمَضَتْ مِن مَّاءِ أَكْرِبَةٍ

عَلَى سَيَابَةِ نَخلٍ دُونَهُ مَلَقُ اكربة signifies Mountain-tops, from which the water of the mountains flows down; and that its pl. is كَرْبَةٌ: but ISd remarks, that this assertion is not valid; because a sing. of such a measure does not form a pl. on the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ. He also says, in one place, that اكربة is [said to be] pl. of كرابة, which signifies “ dates that fall among the roots of the palm-branches; ” but [that] this is a mistake: upon which ISd remarks, In like manner, [this] his saying is in my opinion a mistake. (TA.) كَرِيبَةٌ A misfortune; a calamity: (S:) or a severe misfortune, or calamity: (K:) pl. كَرَائِبُ. (S.) الكَرُوبِيُّونَ (K) and الكَرُّوبِيُّونَ, or this latter is a mistake, and الكَرُوبِيَّةُ, (TA,) [Hebr. כְּרֻבִים

Cherubim,] the chiefs, or princes, of the angels; the archangels; (K;) of whom are Jebraeel and Meekáeel and Isráfeel; who are also called المُقَرَّبُونَ, accord. to Abu-l-'Áliyeh: (TA:) the nearest of the angels to the bearers of the throne: so called from كرب as signifying “ nearness ” or the “ being near: ” (L:) or from their firmness, or compactness, of make; [see مُكْرَبٌ] because of their strength, and their patience in worship: or from كَرَبٌ, “ sorrow &c., ” because of their fear and awe of God. (MF.) Sh quotes the following of Umeiyeh: كَرُوبِيَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ رُكُوعٌ وَسُجَّدٌ [Archangels, among whom are (some) that bend down the body, and (some) that prostrate themselves]. (TA.) مَا بِالدَّارِ كَرَّابٌ There is not any one in the house. (S, K.) كَارِبٌ [Becoming near; drawing near; approaching]: near; nigh. (TA.) b2: 'Abd-Keys Ibn-Khufáf El-Burjumee says, أَبُنَىَّ إِنَّ أَبَاكَ كَارِبُ يَوْمِهِ فَإِذَا دُعِيتَ إِلَى المَكَارِمِ فَاعْجَلِ [O my child, verily thy father is near to his day (of death): therefore when thou shalt be called to (the performance of ) generous actions, make haste]. (S.) A2: أَمْرٌ كَارِبُ An afflicting, distressing, or oppressive, affair. (TA.) مُكْرَبٌ (assumed tropical:) A joint full of sinews (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A hard hoof. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A firm, or compact, beast of carriage: (S:) a horse of strong and firm make: (AA:) a firm, or compact, (or strongly compacted, TA,) rope, building, joint, or horse: (K:) a strong horse. (ISd.) b4: مُكْرَبُ المَفَاصِلِ, (A,) and المفاصل ↓ مَكْرُوبُ, (Lth,) (tropical:) An animal of firm joints. (Lth, A.) b5: مُكْرَبُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) Of firm make. (TA.) A2: مُكْرَبَاتٌ Camels that are brought to the doors of the tents, or dwellings, in the season of severe cold, in order that they may be warmed by the smoke: (K:) [or] i. q. مُقْرَبَاتٌ: see مُقْرَبٌ. (TA.) A3: دَلْوٌ مُكْرَبَةٌ A bucket having a كَرَب attached to it. (S.) مَكْرُوبٌ and ↓ كَرِيبٌ Afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief, or anxiety. (K, Msb.) A2: See also مُكْرَبٌ.