معز

1 مَعِزَ الشَّىْءُ, [and مَعِزَتِ الأَرْضُ, accord. to the explanation of the inf. n. in the S,] aor. ـَ (TK,) inf. n. مَعَزٌ, (S, K, TK,) The thing [and the ground] was, or became, hard. (S, * K, * TK.) A2: مَعِزَ said of a man: see 4.

A3: مَعَزْتُ المِعْزَى, وَضَأَنْتُ الضَّأْنَ, aor. ـَ I set apart the goats from the sheep. (K.) 4 امعز He, (a man, A,) or it, (a people, S,) became abundant in goats; his or its, goats became abundant, or numerous; (S, A, K;) as also, ↓ مَعِزَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. مَعَزٌ. (TK.) مَعْزٌ, and ↓ مَعَزٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) gen. ns., (S, Msb,) [or rather quasi-pl. ns., signifying Goats;] the kind of غَنَم opposed to ضَأْنٌ; (S, A, K;) the kind of عَنَم that have hair; (Msb, TA;) the ضأْن being those that have wool; (TA;) as also ↓ مِعْزًى, (S, Msb, K,) accord. to Sb, (S,) with tenween, (S, Msb,) when indeterminate, (Msb,) and perfectly decl., (S,) the ا [which is written ى] being a letter of quasicoördination, not a characteristic of the fem. gender, (S, Msb,) for the word is quasi-coördinate to دِرْهَمٌ, of the measure فِعْلَلٌ; for the ا of quasi-coördination follows the same rules as a letter belonging to the word itself, as is shown by their saying ↓ مُعَيْزٍ and أُرَيْطٍ [originally مُعَيْزِىٌ and أُرَيْطِىٌ] as the dim. forms of مِعْزًى and أَرْطًى with tenween, the letter next after the ى of diminution being with kesr, like as they say دُرَيْهِمٌ; for if the ا were to denote the fem. gender they would not change it into ى [in مُعَيْزِىٌ, the original form of مُعَيْزٍ,] like as they do not change it in the dims. of حُبْلَى and أَخْرَى

[which are حُبَيْلَى and أُخَيْزَى]: (S:) it is sometimes made fem., [by being written or pronounced مِعْزَاةٌ,] and sometimes it is made imperfectly decl. [and therefore without tenween]: (K:) Fr says, that it is [itself] fem., but that some make it masc. [and therefore with tenween]: but A 'Obeyd says, that most of the Arabs pronounce ذِفْرَى without tenween, while some of them pronounce it with tenween, whereas all of them pronounce مِعْزًى with tenween: (S:) IAar says, that it is perfectly decl. when likened to the measure مِفْعَلٌ, and imperfectly decl. when held to accord. with the measure فِعْلَى: (TA:) accord. to Aboo-'Amr, Ibn-El-'Alà, it is from مَعَزٌ, [inf. n. of مَعِزَ,] and in like manner ذِفْرَى is from ذَفَرٌ: (As, S:) ↓ مَعِيزٌ also signifies the same as مَعْزٌ, (S, A, K,) or is pl. of مَعْزٌ, [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] like as عَبِيدٌ is of عَبْدٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ أُمْعُوزٌ also is syn. with مَعْزٌ, (S, K,) and so are ↓ مِعَازٌ (K) and ↓ مِعْزَآءٌ: (Sgh, K:) [respecting أُمْعُوزٌ, see also below:] مَعْزٌ [as well as its syns. mentioned above, like all quasi-pl. ns., is sometimes masc., but generally] is fem.: (Msb:) a male is called ↓ مَاعِزٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and so a female; (Msb, K;) or a female is called ↓ مَاعِزَةٌ (S, A, TA) [and ↓ مَعْزَةٌ (M, voce شَرْقَآءُ)] and ↓ مِعْزَاة; (TA;) and شَاةٌ [or rather شَاةٌ مِنَ المَعْزِ] is also used as a sing., (Msb,) and is applied to a male and to a female: (Msb, art. شوه:) [see also ظَبْىٌ:] أَمْعُزٌ is a pl. [of pauc.] of مَعْزٌ, like as أَعْبُدٌ is of عَبْدٌ: (Msb:) the pl. of ↓ مَاعِزٌ, (K,) or of مَاعِزَةٌ, (S,) is مَوَاعِزُ; (S, K;) and ↓ مِعَازٌ and ↓ أُمْعُوزٌ are said to be quasi-pl. ns. (TA.) The goats of the Arabs of the desert have short hair, not long enough to be spun; but the goats of the cold countries, and of the people of the fertile regions, have abundant hair, and of this the Akrád [or Kurds] fabricate their tents. (T in art. بنى.) See also تَدْمُرِىٌّ in art. دمر; and see ضَائِنٌ in art. ضأن.

مَعْزَةٌ: see their syn. مَعْزٌ.

مِعْزًى: see their syn. مَعْزٌ.

مِعْزَآءٌ: see their syn. مَعْزٌ.

مِعْزَاةٌ a fem. sing. of مَعْزٌ, q. v. (TA.) مِعَازٌ: see their syn. مَعْزٌ.

مَعِيزٌ: see their syn. مَعْزٌ.

مُعَيْزٍ dim. of مِعْزْى, syn. of مَعْزٌ, q. v. (Sb, S.) مَعَّازٌ A possessor, or master, of مِعْزًى [or goats]. (S, K.) مَاعِزٌ and مَاعِزَةٌ sings. of مَعْزٌ, q. v. (S, K. *) b2: The former also signifies Goats' skin. (S, K.) أَمْعَزُ, and its fem. مَعْزَآءُ, applied respectively to a place (مَكَانٌ) and to land or ground (أَرْضٌ), (tropical:) Hard, (S, K,) and abounding with pebbles: (S:) or both, [used as substs.,] rugged and stony ground: (A:) or a place abounding with pebbles, and hard: or the latter, small pebbles: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) thus A 'Obeyd explains a sing. as having a pl. signification: (TA:) or the latter, a desert, (صَحْرَآء) in which is elevation and ruggedness, consisting of soil, or clay, and pebbles, mixed together, but hard ground, rough to the tread: (ISh, TA:) pl. مُعْزٌ, (K,) [a pl. of each as an epithet, or of each used as a subst.,] because imagined to have the character of an epithet; (TA;) and أَمَاعِزُ, [a pl. of the former,] because the character of a subst. predominates in it; and مَعْزَاوَاتٌ, a pl. of the latter. (TA.) أُمْعُوزٌ: see its syn. مَعْزٌ. b2: It also signifies, (K,) or is said to signify, (S,) A herd of gazelles, (S, K,) in number from thirty to forty; (S, TA;) or from thirty upwards: or a number of buckgazelles collected together: (TA:) or a number of أَوْعَال [or mountain-goats] collected together: (A, K:) or of اوعال such as are termed ثَيَاتِل: (Az, TA:) pl. أَمَاعِيزُ and أَمَاعِزُ. (K.)

نحر

1 نَحَرَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. نَحْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَنْحَرٌ (Msb) and تَنْحَارٌ [an intensive form], (K,) He stabbed, or stuck, (A, K,) a camel, (A, TA,) or a beast, (Msb,) [but generally the former,] in his نَحْر, (A,) or in his مَنْحَر, (TA,) where the windpipe (حُلْقُوم) commences in the uppermost part of the breast; (K, TA;) [i. e., in the لَبَّة; for] نَحْرٌ in the لَبَّة is like ذَبْحٌ in the throat. (S.) [Hence,] يَوْمٌ النَّحْرِ [The day of the stabbing of the camels &c.]; (K;) and عِيدُ النَّحْرِ [the festival of the stabbing of the camels &c.]; (Msb;) the tenth of [the month] Dhu-l-Hijjeh; (K;) because then the camels and cows and bulls brought as offerings to Mekkeh, for sacrifice, are stabbed. (TA.) b2: He slew. (TA.) b3: نَحَرَهُ, aor. and inf. ns. as above, He hit, or hurt, his نَحْر. (K.) You say نَحَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ I hit, or hurt, the نَحْر of the man. (S.) A2: [Hence,] نَحَرَ الأُمُورَ عِلْمًا (tropical:) [He mastered affairs, or the affairs, by knowledge, or science]: (A): he knew affairs soundly, or thoroughly. (Har, 2nd ed. of Paris, p. 95, Com.) And يَنْحَرُ العِلْمَ نَحْرًا (tropical:) [He masters knowledge, or science, indeed]. (A, K.) Jereer was asked respecting the Islámee poets, and answered, نَبْعَةُ الشُّعَرَآءِ لِلْفَرَزْدَقِ [meaning, “ The bow,” or “ the arrow, of the poets belongs to El-Farezdak; ” applying the term نبعة in this manner because bows and arrows were made of the tree called نَبْع]: so it was said, “Then what hast thou left for thyself? ” and he answered, أَنَا نَحَرْتُ الشِّعْرَ نَحْرًا (tropical:) [I have mastered poetry indeed]. (A.) You say also, نَحَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ عِلْمًا (assumed tropical:) I knew the thing thoroughly, or superlatively well; as also قَتَلْتُهُ عِلْمًا. (Bd in iv. 156.) A3: [Hence also,] نَحَرَ الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) He performed, or recited, the prayer in the first part of its time. (TA.) b2: نَحَرَهُمُ اللّٰهُ, occurring in a trad., may mean either (assumed tropical:) May God hasten to do them good, or may God slay them. (IAth.) A4: [Hence also,] نَحَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ, (S, A,) inf. n. نَحْرٌ, (A,) (tropical:) I became opposite to the man; syn. صِرْتُ فِى نَحْرِهِ; (S;) I faced, or fronted, him; syn. قَابَلْتُهُ. (A, TA.) And نَحَرَ الدَّارُ الدَّارَ, [or نَحَرَت,] (K,) aor. ـَ (TA,) (tropical:) The house faced, or fronted, the house; (K, TA;) as also ↓ نَاحَرَت. (TA.) and دِيَارُهُمْ تَنْحَرُ الطَّرِيقَ (tropical:) Their houses face, or front, the road. (A.) [See also 6.] And Abu-lGheyth says, that the last night of the month, with its day, is called النَّحِيرَةُ for this reason, لِأَنَّهَا تَنْحَرُ الشَّهْرَ الَّذِى بَعْدَهَا, i. e., Because it becomes opposite to the month that is after it: or because it reaches the first part of the month that is after it. (S.) 3 نَاْحَرَ see 1, near the end.6 تَنَاحَرُوا فِى القِتَالِ (S, TA) They stabbed one another in the نَحْر, or slew one another, in fight. Here the verb is used in its proper sense. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] تَنَاحَرَ القَوْمُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (A, K,) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ انتحروا, (S, A, K,) (tropical:) The people were mutually niggardly, or tenacious, or avaricious, of the thing, (S, A, K,) so that they almost slew one another. (K, * TA.) A2: الدَّارَانِ تَتَنَاحَرَانِ (tropical:) The two houses face, or front, each other. (K.) [The like is also said in the A.] Fr. says, I have heard some of the Arabs say مَنَازِلُهُمْ تَنَاحَرُ, [for تَتَنَاحَرُ,] (tropical:) Their places of abode face, or front, one another; this is opposite to this. (TA.) 8 انتحر He (a man, S) stabbed himself in the نَحْر, (S,) or slew himself. (K.) It is said in a proverb, سُرِقَ السَّارِقُ فَانْتَحَرَ [The robber was robbed, and in consequence slew himself]: (S:) or سَرَقَ السَّارِقُ فَانْتَحَرَ [app. meaning, (tropical:) The robber robbed, and so occasioned his own slaughter: for it is said that the verb is here used tropically]. (TA; and so in a copy of the S, and of the A.) [The former reading, which I prefer, is given in Freytag's Arab. Prov, q. v., vol. i. p. 618.] b2: (tropical:) It (a cloud) burst with much water. (A.) A2: See also 6.

النَّحْرُ, (S, Msb,) or نَحْرُ الصَّدْرِ, (A, K,) The uppermost part of the breast, or chest; (A, K;) as also ↓ المُنْحُورُ: (Sb, IB, K:) or the place of the collar or necklace: (A, K:) or that part of the breast or chest which is the place of the collar or necklace; (S, Msb;) so accord. to A'Obeyd: (TA, art. ترب:) which is also called ↓ المَنْحَرُ: (S:) or the breast or bosom or chest itself: (TA:) or النُّحُورُ, the pl., is also applied to the breasts or chests: (Msb:) and النَّحْرُ, (A,) or ↓ المَنْحَرُ, (S, A, Msb, K, TA,) also signifies the part in which a camel is stabbed, or stuck; (A, TA; where the windpipe (حُلْقُوم) commences, in the uppermost part of the breast: (TA:) or the place where the هَدْى [or animal brought as an offering to Mekkeh or to the Kaabeh or to the Haram, such as a camel, cow, bull, sheep, or goat, to be sacrificed,] &c., is stabbed, or stuck: (S, K:) or the place, in the throat, where a beast is stabbed, or stuck: (Msb:) نَحْرٌ is masc., (Lh, K,) only: (Lh:) [or sometimes fem.: see an ex., voce تَرِبَ:] its pl. is نُحُورٌ, (A, Msb, K,) only: (TA:) and the pl. of ↓ مَنْحَرٌ is مَنَاحِرُ. (A.) A2: نَحْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) The first, the first part, or the commencement, of the day; (S, K;) and of the month, (K,) as also ↓ نَاحِرٌ; (TA;) and of the ظَهِيرَة, which is when the sun has reached its highest point, [especially in summer,] as though it had reached the نَحْرٌ, as also ↓ نَاحِرَةٌ: (TA:) pl. نُحُورٌ. (K.) You say جَآءَ فِى نَحْرِ النَّهَارِ, &c., (tropical:) He came in the first part of the day, &c. (TA.) See also نَحِيرَةٌ.

A3: Also, قَعَدَ فُلَانٌ فِى نَحْرِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one sat in front of such a one; facing him; opposite to him. (A.) And صَارَ فِى نَحْرِهِ [(tropical:) He, or it, became in front of, or opposite to, him, or it]. (S.) And هٰذَا بِنَحْرِ هٰذَا (tropical:) This is in front of, facing, or opposite to, this. (Fr, TA.) نِحْرٌ: see نِحْرِيرٌ.

لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةً بَحْرَةً نَحْرَةً, with tenween, (assumed tropical:) I met him in open view. (Sgh, K.) See بَحْرَة and صَحْرَة.

نِحْرِيرٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ نِحْرٌ (K) (tropical:) Soundly, or thoroughly, learned; (S;) or skilled or skilful, intelligent, experienced, (A, K, TA,) or, as some say, (TA,) sound in what he does, skilful and intelligent, knowing and skilful in everything: because he masters (يَنْحَرُ) knowledge or science: (A, K, TA:) pl. of the former, نَحَارِيرُ. (A.) نَحِيرٌ A camel [or other beast] stabbed, or stuck, (K. TA,) in the مَنْحَر, (TA,) where the windpipe (حُلْقُوم) commences, in the uppermost part of the breast; (K, TA;) and ↓ مَنْحُورٌ signifies [the same: and] slaughtered: (TA:) the former is masc. and fem., and the fem. is also نَحِيرَةٌ: (TA:) pl. of نحير, (K,) and of نحيرة, (TA,) نَحْرَى and نُحَرَآءُ and نَحَائِرُ. (K, TA.) b2: (tropical:) A son devoted to be sacrificed: of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (Mgh.) A2: ↓ النَّحِيرَةُ (tropical:) The first day of the month; [as also, app., الشَّهْرِ ↓ نَحْرُ, and ↓ نَاحِرَتُهُ, and ↓ نَحِيرَتُهُ:] or the last thereof; (K;) as also ↓ النَّاحِرُ: (TA:) or the last night thereof; (S, K;) as also النَّحِيرٌ: (K:) or the last night thereof with its day [i. e. the day immediately following]; as also ↓ النَّاحِرَةُ; because it becomes opposite to that which is next after it, or because it reaches to the first part thereof [or of the following month]: (Abu-l-Gheyth, S:) pl. نَوَاحِرُ (S, K) and نَاحِرَاتٌ, (K,) both extr. [as pls. of نَحِيرَةٌ, but reg. as pls. of نَاحِرَةٌ], (TA,) [and app. نَحَائِرُ, being agreeable with rule as pl. of نَحِيرَةٌ: or] نَحَائِرُ الشَّهْرِ signifies i. q. نُحُورُهُ: see نَحْرٌ. (TA.) You say also جَآءَ فِى نَحْرِ الشَّهْرِ, and نَاحِرَتِهِ, and نَحِيرَتِهِ, (tropical:) [app. signifying He came on the first day of the month.] And مَا أَرَاهُ

إِلَّا فِى نُحُورِ الشُّهُورِ, and نَوَاحِرِهَا, and نَحَائِرِهَا, (tropical:) [app., I see him not save on the first days of the months.] (A.) نَحِيرَةٌ: see نَحِيرٌ.

نَحَّارٌ: see مِنْحَارٌ.

نَاحرٌ and نَاحِرَةٌ: see نَحْرٌ and نَحِيرٌ.

A2: نَوَاحِرُ الأَرْضِ, [pl. of نَاحِرَةٌ,] (tropical:) The parts facing, in front of, or opposite to, the earth or land. (TA.) المَنْحَرُ: see النَّحْرُ, in two places.

مِنْحَارٌ an intensive epithet applied to a man, [A great slaughterer of camels; as also ↓ نَحَّارٌ:] and signifying (assumed tropical:) Liberal; bountiful; munificent; or generous. (S, TA.) You say إِنَّهُ لَمِنْحَارُ بَوَائِكِهَا Verily he is a [great] slaughterer of the fat camels: (S, K:) and هُمْ نَحَّارُونَ لِلْجُزُرِ [They are great slaughterers of camels]. (A.) مَنْحُورٌ: see نَحِيرٌ.

A2: (tropical:) Faced, or fronted. (TA.) المُنْخُورُ: see النَّحْرُ.

قوس

1 قَاسَ الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرهِ, and عَلَى غَيْرِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَوْسٌ (S, K *) and قِيَاسٌ, (S,) i. q. قَاسَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَيْسٌ (S, K *) and قِيَاسٌ; (S;) i. e., He measured the thing by another thing like it; [both in the proper sense and mentally; but the latter verb is the more common, though the former, accord. to the JK, is the original;] (S, TA;) and so الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ ↓ اقتاس: (S, K: *) but you should not say ↓ أَقَسْتُهُ for قُسْتُهُ or قِسْتُهُ. (S.) A2: قَوِسَ: see 5.2 قَوَّسَ see 5, in two places.

A2: قوّسهُ, inf. n. تَقْوِيسٌ, He made it bowed, or bent. (KL.) 4 أَقْوَسَ see 1: A2: and see 5.5 تقوّس It (a thing) became bowed, or bent; as also ↓ استقوس: (TA:) the ↓ latter is also said, tropically, of the moon when near the change [&c.]. (A, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He (an old man, S, A) became bowed, or bent; (A, * K;) as also ↓ قَوَّسَ, inf. n. تَقْوِيسٌ; (S, A, * Msb, K;) and ↓ استقوس; (S;) and ↓ اقوس: (A:) or he became bowed, or bent, in the back; as also ↓ قَوَّسَ; and ↓ استقوس; (TA;) and so ↓ قَوِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. قَوَسٌ. (K.) A2: تقوّس قَوْسَهُ He put his bow upon his back. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَوَسَ see 1. b2: يَقْتَاسُ بِأَبِيهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِقْتِيَاسٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He follows the way of his father, and imitates him. (S, K.) 10 إِسْتَقْوَسَ see 5, in four places.

قَاسُ رُمْحٍ: see قِيسُ رُمْحٍ.

قَوْسٌ [A bow;] a certain thing, well known, (A, K,) with which one shoots: (M, TA:) of the fem. gender: (IAmb, M, Msb:) or masc. and fem.: (S, Msb:) or sometimes masc.: (A, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقْوَاسٌ (IAmb, S, A, Msb, K) and أَقْيَاسٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the K, in the place of the former,) the ى being interchangeable with the و, (TA,) and [of mult.] قِسِىٌّ, (S, A, Msb, K,) originally قُوُوسٌ, (S, TA,) which is not used, (TA,) of the neasure فُعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) first changed to قُسُوٌّ, of he measure فُلُوعٌ, and then to قِسِىٌّ, of the measure فِلِيعٌ, like عِصِىٌّ, (S,) and قُسِىٌّ, (Fr, Sgh, K,) from the same original, (TA,) [like عُصِىٌّ,] and قِيَاسٌ, (IAmb, S, A, Msb, K,) which is more agreeable with analogy than قسىّ. (TA.) The dim. is قُوَيْسٌ, (IAmb, M, Msb, K,) without ة, contr. to rule, as the word is fem., (M, TA,) and قُوَيْسَةٌ, (IAmb, Msb, K,) sometimes: (IAmb, Msb:) or the former accord. to those who make قوس to be masc., (S,) and the latter accord. to those who make it to be fem. (S, Msb.) It is prefixed to another word to give it a special signification. Thus you say, قَوْسُ نَبْلٍ An Arabian bow. And قَوْسُ نُشَّابٍ A Persian bow. And قَوْسُ حُسْبَانٍ [A bow for shooting a certain kind of short arrows]. and قَوْسُ جُلَاهِقٍ [A cross-bow]. And قَوْسُ نَدْفٍ [A bow for loosening and separating cotton]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ لَا يَمُدُّ قَوْسَهُ أَحَدٌ [Such a one, no one will pull his bow;] i. e., (tropical:) no one will vie with him, or compete with him. (A, TA.) And رَمَوْنَا عَنْ قَوْسٍ وَاحِدٍ, (A, TA,) or وَاحِدَةٍ, (Mgh,) [lit., They shot at us from one bow: meaning, (tropical:) they were unanimous against us;] a proverb denoting agreement. (Mgh.) [In the Msb, رَمَوْهُمْ and وَاحِدَةٍ.] And هُوَ مِنْ خَيْرِ قُوَيْسٍ سَهْمًا; (S, L, K; except that in the L and K, for قويس, we find قَوْسٍ;) (tropical:) [He is of the best of a little bow, as an arrow; i. e., he is one of the best arrows of a little bow;] or صَارَ خَيْرَ قُوَيْسٍ سَهْمًا (A, K) (tropical:) [He became the best of a little bow, as an arrow; i. e., he became the best arrow of a little bow:] a proverb [See Arab. Prov. i. 718] applied to him who has become mighty after being of mean condition: (A:) or to him who opposeth thee and then returns to doing what thou likest. (A, K.) [Hence also the phrase in the Kur, liii. 9,] فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ And he was at the distance of two Arabian bows: or two cubits [this is app. an explanation by one who holds قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ to be for قَابَىَ قَوْسٍ:] (K:) or the meaning is, قَابَىْ قَوْسٍ, i. e., [at the distance of the measure of] the two portions between the part of a bow that is grasped by the hand and each of the curved extremities. (TA.) See also art. قوب. b3: القَوْسُ (assumed tropical:) [The Sign of Sagittarius; also called الرَّامِى;] one of the signs of the zodiac; (S, K;) namely, the ninth thereof. (TA.) b4: قَوْسُ قُزَحَ The rainbow: the two words are inseparable. (TA.) See قزح. b5: قَوْسُ الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) The bowed, or bent, part of the back of a man. (IAar.) b6: أَقْوَاسُ البَعِيِر (tropical:) The anterior ribs of the camel. (A.) b7: Also قَوْسٌ (tropical:) What remains, of dates, (S, A, * K,) in the [receptacle called] جُلَّة, (S,) or in the bottom thereof, (K,) or in the sides thereof, like a bow: (A:) or, accord. to Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh, the fourth part of the جُلَّة, of dates; like رِزْمَةٌ: (TA in art. رزم:) in this sense, also, it is fem.: or a number of dates collected together: pl. as above. (TA in the present art.) A2: Also, A cubit: (S, K:) sometimes used in this sense: (S:) because a thing is measured (يُقَاسُ) with it. (K.) قِيسُ رُمْحٍ and قَاسُ رُمْحٍ The measure of a spear. (Msb, in this art.; and S, K, in art. قيس.) قَوَّاسٌ A hewer, or fashioner, of bows; and so, perhaps, قَيَّاسٌ. (TA.) قُسَوِىٌّ is the rel. n. from قِسِىٌّ, [pl. of قَوْسٌ,] because it is [before its last change] of the measure فُلُوعٌ changed from the measure فُعُولٌ. (S.) أَقْوَسُ Having a bowed, or bent, back. (S, K.) b2: Sand that is elevated (K, TA) like a hoop or ring. (TA.) مِقْوَسٌ A bow-case. (S, K.) A2: A horse-course; a race-ground: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) a place whence horses run (K) for a race; (TA;) i. e., (so in the K accord. to the TA,) a rope at which the horses are placed in a row (S, A, K) on the occasion of racing, (S, K,) in the place whence they run: (A:) or the extended rope from which the horses are started: (JK:) also called مقيص: the pl. is مَقَاوِسُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, عُرِضَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى المِقْوَسِ [Such a one has been put to the starting-rope]; meaning, (tropical:) such a one has been tried, or proved, by use, practice, or experience. (A, TA.) And فُلَانٌ عَلَى مِقْوَسٍ, i. e., عَلَى حِفَاظٍ

[app. meaning, (assumed tropical:) Such a one is intent upon defending his honour or the like]. (Lth, L.) مُقَوَّسٌ and مُقَوِّسٌ: see مُتَقَوِّسٌ.

مُتَقَوِّسٌ (assumed tropical:) An eyebrow [or other thing] likened to a bow; as also ↓ مُسْتَقْوِسٌ (K) and ↓ مُقَوَّسٌ: (TA:) ↓ the second of these epithets is also applied, in the same sense, or like a bow, to a gutter round a tent, and the like. (TA.) b2: Also, A man bowed, or bent; and so ↓ مُقَوِّسٌ. (TA.) A2: Also, (K,) or مُتَقَوِّسٌ قَوْسَهُ, (S,) A man having with him his bow. (S, K. *) مُسْتَقْوِسٌ: see مُتَقَوِّسُ, in two places.

شغر

1 شَغڤرَ The inf. n. شَغْرٌ, accord. to Ibn-Nubáteh, primarily signifies The raising the leg or hind leg, without restriction; and then by a metaphorical usage, the doing so for the purpose of copulation, and for making water: but the explanations of J [and of Z in the A] and of Fei and of F are at variance with his assertion. (MF.) [Accord. to these authorities,] شَغَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (Msb, TA,) signifies He (a dog) raised one of his hind legs (S, A, Msb, K) to make water, (S, Msb,) or and made water, or whether he made water or did not: (A, K:) and شَغَرَ بِرِجْلِهِ he (a dog) raised his hind leg, and made water. (TA.) And شَغَرَتْ She (a camel) raised her hind leg, and struck [with it, or kicked,] the young one. (A.) And, said of a woman, (Msb, K,) She raised her leg, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or her legs, (so in other copies of the K,) for the purpose of copulation. (Msb, K.) And the verb is also trans.: you say, شَغَرَ المَرْأَةَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. شُغُورٌ, (K, [but this is a strange form in the case of a trans. verb,]) He raised the woman's leg, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K) or legs, (IDrd, O, and so in some copies of the K,) for the purpose of copulation; and so ↓ اشغرها. (IDrd, O, Msb, K.) And شَغْرٌ as the act of a stallion [camel] signifies His striking with his head beneath the she-camel, at the part next the udder, and so raising her, and throwing her down [app. for the purpose of copulation]. (K.) b2: شَغَرْتُ بِرِجْلِى فِى الغَرِيبِ means (assumed tropical:) I overcame the people in guarding, or protecting, the stranger. (AA, O, K.) b3: and شَغْرٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The being distant, or remote. (Fr, K.) One says, شَغَرَ البَلَدُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شُغُورٌ, (Msb, [accord. to the K, app., شَغْرٌ,]) (assumed tropical:) The country, or town, was, or became, remote from him who should aid it against the enemy, and him who should exercise sovereign sway, (K, TA,) and from him who should manage its affairs with prudence, precaution, or sound judgment: (TA:) or destitute of a guardian, or protector, to defend it: (Msb:) or destitute of people: [and so, app., شَغَرَ البَلَدُ بِرِجْلِهِ; for it is immediately added,] one says بَلْدَةٌ شَاغِرَةٌ بِرِجْلِهَا meaning as expl. below: (S:) and شَغَرَتِ الأَرْضُ the land had not remaining in it any one to defend it, and to manage its affairs with prudence, precaution, or sound judgment. (K.) A2: Also, i. e. شَغْرٌ, The making [another, or others,] to go forth [from a place]. (K.) One says, شَغَرْتُهُ عَنِ الأَرْضِ I made him to go forth from the land: (AA, TA:) and شَغَرْتُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ

مِنْ مَوْضِعِ كَذَا I made the sons of such a one to go forth from such a place: (S:) or شَغَرُوا فُلَانًا عَنْ بَلَدِهِ They drove away, expelled, or banished. such a one from his country, or town; and the inf. n. is شَغْرٌ and شِغَارٌ. (TA.) b2: And i. q. تَفْرِقَةٌ [The act of scattering, or dispersing]. (K.) 3 شاغرهُ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِغَارٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) He gave him in marriage a woman on the condition of his giving him in marriage another, without dowry [from either]; concubitus with each of the said women being [in lieu of] the dowry for the other: or it applies peculiarly to female relations [of the men so contracting]; (K;) so that the meaning is only he gave him in marriage his female relation on the condition of his doing the like to him: (TA:) or he gave him in marriage a female under his guardianship, the other man doing to him the like, on the condition that concubitus with each one of the said females should be [in lieu of] the dowry for the other: (Mgh, * Msb:) or he gave him in marriage his sister on the condition of receiving in marriage the other's sister, without any dowry beside this: (A:) or he said to him, Give me in marriage thy daughter, or thy sister, on the condition of my giving thee in marriage my daughter, or my sister, concubitus with each one of the said females being [in lieu of] the dowry of the other. (S.) The practice of شِغَار was common in the Time of Ignorance, (Msb,) but is forbidden to the Muslims. (S, A.) b2: شِغَارٌ also signifies Two men's going forth into the field from two armies, and, when one of them has almost overcome his fellow, two men's coming to aid one of them, whereupon the other cries out, لَا شِغَارَ لَا شِغَارَ: (TA:) or two men's acting wrongfully, or injuriously, towards another man: (K, TA:) thus expl. by ISd. (TA.) And The acting with enmity, or hostility. (TA.) 4 اشغر المَرْأَةَ: see 1.

A2: اشغرت الرُّفْقَةُ [and app. ↓ اشتغرت also (see the last sentence of this art.)] (assumed tropical:) The party journeying together withdrew by themselves from the beaten road. (K, TA.) b2: See also 8, first sentence. b3: اشغرت said of a she-camel, She went with wide steps, and quickly. (TA.) b4: See, again, 8.5 تشغّر He (a camel) exerted his utmost power, (K,) or spared no exertion, (A'Obeyd, S,) in his pace: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or ran vehemently: (K:) or went a pace above that termed اللَّبَطَةُ. (TA.) b2: تشغّر فِى أَمْرٍ قَبِيحٍ He (a man, O) persevered in an evil, or a foul, affair, and went deep into it. (O, K. *) 8 اشتغر, (JK, T,) or ↓ اشغر, (S, K,) It (a watering-place) was on one side of the beaten track: (JK, T, S, K:) [both verbs may be correct: that the former is so appears from the fact that] a poet, cited in the T, [describing a water-ing-place,] uses the phrase ↓ بَعِيدُ الُشْتَغَرِ [app. meaning far off on one side of the road]. (TA.) See also 4. b2: اشتغر العَدَدُ The number was, or became, large. (S, K.) b3: اشتغر الإِبِلُ The camels were, or became, many and various. (K.) b4: اشتغرت عَلَيْهِ ضَيْعَتُهُ i. q. فَشَتْ, (A,) i. e. His affairs became disordered so that he knew not with which of them to begin. (TA in art. فشو.) b5: اشتغر الأَمْرُ The affair became confused: (K:) or became large, or wide, and great, بِفُلَانِ [with such a one]. (Az, TA.) b6: اشتغرت الحَرْبُ The war, or battle, became wide and great. (TA.) b7: اشتغر عَلَيْهِ حِسَابُهُ, (T, S, A,) in the K ↓ أَشْغَرَ, but the former is the right, (TA,) (tropical:) What he had to reckon was, or became, too diffuse and numerous to him; (T, K;) such that he could not find the way to sum it up. (S, A.) b8: ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ يَعُدُّ بَنِى

فُلَانٍ فَاشْتَغَرُوا عَلَيْهِ Such a one went to number the sons of such a one, and they were too numerous for him. (TA.) b9: اشتغر فِى الفَلَاةِ He went far into the desert. (S, K.) b10: اشتغر عَلَيْنَا He exalted himself above us, and boasted against us. (K.) تَفَرَّقُوا شَغَرَ بَغَرَ and شِغَرَ بِغَرَ They dispersed themselves, or became dispersed, in every direction: (S, K:) and in like manner one says of sheep or goats, بَِغَرَ تَفَرَّقَتِ الغَنَمُ شَغَرَ: (TA:) شغر بغر is a compound of two nouns made into one, and indecl., with fet-h for the termination. (S.) The like is not said in the case of [persons &c.] coming, or advancing. (TA.) شَغْرَى A stone at which dogs raise the kind leg and make water, or to make water: (K:) so in the Tekmileh. (TA.) شَغَارٌ Empty. (Sgh, Msb, K.) b2: Also, used as sing. and pl., A well, and wells, having much water: (K:) or, as is said in the Nawádir, thus used, having much water; wide, or spacious, in the adjacent part where the camels lie down. (TA.) A2: Also, accord. to the K, Two veins, or ducts, (عِرْقَانِ,) in the side of the camel: but correctly, as in the Tekmileh, the شَغَارَانِ are the حَالِبَانِ, i. e. two veins or ducts, (عِرْقَان,) in the two sides of the camel. (TA.) شَغُورٌ A tall she-camel, that raises her legs (تَشْغَرُ بِقَوَائِمِهَا) when she is taken to be ridden (K, TA) or to be milked. (TA.) شَغَّارَةٌ A she-camel that raises her legs to strike [with them, or kick]. (TA.) شَاغِرٌ A dog raising one of his kind legs, and making water, or whether making water or not. (A.) b2: بَلْدَةٌ شَاغِرَةٌ بِرِجْلِهَا (tropical:) A country, or town, that does not defend itself from a hostile attack (S, A, K) made by any one, (S, K,) by reason of its being destitute (K, TA) of any to protect it. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ شَاغِرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A land having no one remaining in it, to defend it, and to manage its affairs with prudence, precaution, or sound judgment. (K.) One says also, الأَرْضُ لَكُمْ شَاغِرَةٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The land, or the earth, is wide, or ample, for you. (TA.) مُشْتَغَرٌ: see 8 [of which it is app. an inf. n.].

رُفْقَةٌ مُشْتَغِرَةٌ, A party journeying together far from the beaten road. (TA.)

وجد

1 وَجَدَهُ, aor. ـِ and يَجُدُ, (S, L, Msb, K,) the latter of the dial. of the tribe of 'Ámir (S, L, Msb) Ibn-Saasa'ah, (MF,) and without a parallel (S, L, Msb, K) in verbs of this class, (S, L, Msb,) the و in it being dropped because it falls out in the original form of the aor. , (Msb,) both of which forms are said by several authors to apply to the verb in all its significations, though F seems to restrict the latter to two significations, (TA,) inf. n. وُجُودٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and وِجْدَان (L, Msb, K,) and إِجْدَانٌ, (IAar, L, K,) in which the و is changed into ء, (L,) and وَجْدٌ and وُجْدٌ and جِدَةٌ; (L, K;) and وَجِدَهُ, aor. ـِ (K;) but this form of the verb is not found in the lexicons, [the K only accepted,] (MF,) in the sense here assigned to it; (TA;) He found it; lighted on it; attained it; obtained it by searching or seeking; discovered it; perceived it; saw it; experienced it, or became sensible of it; (F, in the K and in the Basáïr, on the authority of Abu-l-Kásim El-Isbahánee;) namely, a thing sought, sought for or after, or desired; (S, L, K;) and simply a thing. (L.) وُجُود is of several kinds. It is The finding, &c., by means of any one of the five senses: as when one says وَجَدْتُ زَيْدًا [I found, &c., Zeyd]: and وَجَدَتُ طَعْمَهُ, and رَائِحَتَهُ, and صَوْتَهُ, and خُشُونَتَهُ, [I found, or perceived, &c., its taste, and its odour, and its sound, and its roughness]. Also, The finding, &c., by means of the faculty of appetite, [or rather of sensation, which is the cause of appetite:] as when one says وَجَدْتُ الشِّبَعَ [I found, experienced, or became sensible of, satiety]. Also, The finding, &c., by the intellect, or by means of the intellect: of which kind is one's knowing God: and here it should be observed, that وجود attributed to God is simple knowledge: (Abu-l-Kásim El-Isbahánee, cited in the Basáïr:) وَجَدَ اللّٰهُ, wherever it occurs, means God knew. (Er-Rághib, Z, &c.) i. e., in the Kur-án. (TA.) b2: وَجَدَ [He found, in the sense of] he knew [by experience]. (A, TA, &c.) [In this sense, it is a verb of the kind called أَفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ; having two objective complements; the first of which is called its noun, and the second its predicate.] Ex. وَجَدْتُ زَيْدًا ذَا الحِفَاظِ I [found, or] knew Zeyd to possess the quality of defending those things which should be sacred, or inviolable. (A.) Used in this sense, as doubly trans., its inf. n. is وَجْدَانٌ (Akh) and وُجُودٌ. (Seer.) It is also used as singly trans., as syn. with عَلِمَ. (TA.) b3: When وَجَدَ signifies he found, or lighted on, a thing after it had gone away, its inf. n. is وِجْدَانٌ. (IKtt.) b4: وَجَدَ الضَّالَّةَ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb) and يَجُدُ, (MF,) inf. n. وَجْدَانٌ (S, Msb) and لَمْ أَجِدْ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ بُدًّا (Msb) [He found the stray beast]. b5: لَمْ أَجِدْ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ بُدًّا, for which one also says لَمْ اجدِ, I found no means of avoiding, or escaping, that. (Kz, TA.) b6: وَجَدَ, (L,) and وَجَدَ فِى المَالِ, (Fs, T, S, L, Msb,) and وَجَدَ المَالَ وَغَيَرَهُ, (Lh, M, K,) aor. ـِ (Lh, M, L, K,) inf. n. وُجْد and وِجد and وَجْدٌ- and جِدَهٌ (Lh, T, S, M, K) and وِجْدَانٌ (T, L) an[id وُجُودٌ, (Yz,) He became possessed of wealth, or property: (T:) or he was, or became, rich; possessed of competence, or sufficiency; in no need; without wants, or with few wants; (S, M, L, K;) so as not to be poor afterwards: (L:) and he gained, acquired, or earned wealth. (Exps. of the Fs.) Hence the saying of the Arabs, وِجْدَانُ الرَّقِينِ يُغَطِّى أَفَنَ الأَفِينِ [The possession of money hides the weakness of judgment of the weak in judgment]. (T, L.) A2: وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, L, K, &c.) aor. ـِ (Fs, M, L, K) and يَجُدُ; (M, L, K;) and وَجِدَ, as heard by Fr from certain of the Arabs; (Kzz;) inf. n. مَوْجِدَةٌ, (Fs, S, A, L, Msb, K,) by some pronounced مَوْجَدَةٌ, (Fr,) and وَجْدٌ and جِدَةٌ (L, K) and وِجْدَانٌ (Lh, S, M, L) and وُجُودٌ (Fr, Kzz) He was angry with him: (Fs, S, A, L, Msb, K) or he was angry with him with the anger that proceeds from a friend. (TA, voce عَتْبٌ.) A3: وَجَدَ بِهِ, (aor. ـِ L,) inf. n. وَجْدٌ, He loved him. (L, K.) وَجَدَ بِهَا, (A, L,) and ↓ توّجد, (A,) He loved her; (A, L;) he loved her passionately or fondly. (L.) لَهُ بِهَا وَجْدٌ He has a love [or passionate or fond love] for her. (A.) A4: وَجَدَ, [aor. ـِ ('Eyn, Fs, S, L, Msb, &c.,) and وَجِدَ, [aor. ـْ (El-Hejeree, M, K,) the latter the only form mentioned in the K, but the former is the only form generally known, (MF, TA,) and وَجُدَ, (Lh, M, L,) inf. n. وَجْدٌ, (S, L, Msb, K, &c.,) He grieved; mourned; sorrowed. (S, L, Msb, K, &c.) You say, وَجَدْتُ بِهِ, (Msb,) and لَهُ ↓ توجّدت, (S, L,) I grieved, mourned, or sorrowed, for such a one. (S, L, Msb.) Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee says, that in this sense وجد is not transitive: (MF:) [i. e., without a prep.].

A5: وُجِدَ, (inf. n. وُجُودٌ, A, Msb,) It existed; it became existent (A, Msb) from a state of nonexistence. (S, L, K.) 4 اوجدهُ إِيَّاهُ He (God, S, A, L) made him to find, attain, or obtain, it; (Lh, S, A, L, K;) namely, the thing that he sought, sought for or after, or desired; (S, L, K;) or a stray beast. (A.) b2: اوجدهُ He (God, S, &c.) enriched him; made him to be possessed of wealth or property; to be possessed of competence or sufficiency; to be in no need, or without wants, or with few wants. (S, A, L, K.) Ex. الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الِّذِى

أَوْجَدَنِى بَعْدَ فَقْرٍ وَآجَدَنِى بَعْدَ ضَعْفٍ Praise be to God who enriched me after poverty and strengthened me after weakness. (S, L.) b3: He strengthened him after weakness; like آجَدَهُ. (K.) [But see what immediately precedes.]

A2: اوجدهُ, (inf. n. إِيجَادٌ, TA,) He (God) made it; meaning, created it; originated it; caused it to be or exist, or to come to pass; brought it into existence (S, L, Msb, K) from a state of nonexistence, (Msb,) not after the similitude of anything preëxisting. (TA.) وَجَدَهُ in this sense is not allowable. (S, L, K.) 5 توجّدهُ He complained of it; namely, sleeplessness by night, (L, K,) &c., (K,) or a particular affair. (L.) A2: See 1, in two places.6 تواجد He feigned, or made a show of, love [or passionate love]. (A.) وَجْدٌ and جِدَةٌ: see وُجْدٌ; and see 1.

وُجْدٌ and ↓ وِجْدٌ and ↓ وَجْدٌ [and ↓ جِدَةٌ &c., see 1,] (the first of which is the most chaste, IKh, MF) Richness, or competence, or sufficiency; state of being in no need, or of having no wants, or few wants: (M, L, K:) ability; capacity; power. (M, L.) b2: هٰذَا مِنْ وُجْدِى This is a result of my power, or ability. (L.) وَاجِدٌ, act. part. n of 1, Finding; or a finder; &c. (L.) b2: Rich; possessing competence, or sufficiency; in no need; without wants, or with few wants; (L;) solvent; one who finds that wherewith to pay what he owes. (A 'Obeyd, L.) Ex. لَىُّ الوَاجِدِ يُحِلُّ عُقُوبَتَهُ The solvent man's putting off the payment of his debt with promises repeated time after time makes his punishment allowable. (L, from a trad. See Mgh art. لوى.) الوَاجِدُ, as an epithet applied to God, He who has no wants. (IAth, L.) A2: هُوَ وَاجِدٌ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ He is angry with his companion. (A.) A3: أَنَا وَاجِدٌ لِلشَّىْءِ I am able to do the thing. (Msb.) A4: هُوَ وَاجِدٌ بِفُلَانَةَ, and عَلَيْهَا, and ↓ مُتَوَجِّدٌ, He is in love [or passionately in love] with such a female. (A.) b2: وُجُدٌ is mentioned in the Towsheeh as a pl. of وَاجِدٌ; but this is strange. (TA.) مَوْجُودٌ, part. n. of وُجِدَ, Being, or existing; come to pass: (S, L, K:) or, as an irreg. pass. part. n. of أَوْجَدَهُ, caused to be, or exist; or to come to pass; brought into existence: (MF:) pl. مَوْجُودَاتٌ: which is a term applied to three kinds of things: namely, that which exists and has neither beginning nor end; and such is only God: that which exists and has a beginning and an end; as the substances of the present world: and that which exists and has a beginning but no end; as men in the world to come. (TA.) b2: [Present.] b3: مَوْجُودٌ A thing within one's power; over which one has power. (Msb.) مُتَوَجِّدٌ: see وَاجِدٌ.

زحف

1 زَحَفَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. زَحْفٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and زُحُوفٌ (Msb, K) and زَحَفَانٌ, (K,) He, or it, (an army, Mgh, Msb, * or a company of men, Msb) walked, marched, or went on foot, إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it]; (S, K;) and [generally] did so by little and little; (accord. to an explanation of زَحْفٌ in the TA;) crept, or crawled, along; or went, or walked, leisurely, or gently: (Mgh:) and ↓ تزحّف إِلَيْهِ, (S, K,) as also ↓ ازدحف, (K,) i. q. تمشّى, (S, K,) i. e. he walked [with slow steps, or] heavily, with an effort, to him, or it: (TK:) and مِشْيَةُ زَحَفَانٍ means a gait in which is a heaviness of motion. (TA.) One says of a child, before he walks, (S, Msb, K,) or before he stands, (T, TA,) يَزْحَفُ [He drags himself along] (S, Msb, K) عَلَى الأَرْضِ [upon the ground], or عَلَى

اسْتِهِ [upon his posteriors]: (TA:) or زَحَفَ alone, said of a child, he went along slowly, by little and little, upon his posteriors: (Bd in viii. 15:) and to the زَحْف of children is likened the marching of two bodies of men going to meet each other for fight, when each of them marches gently, or leisurely, towards the other, before they draw near together to smite each other: and one says likewise of a child, before he walks, عَلَى ↓ يَتَزَحَّفُ الأَرْضِ, or, as in the T, عَلَى بَطْنِهِ, i. e. he drags himself along [upon the ground, or upon his belly]. (TA.) b2: زَحَفَ الدَّبَا [The young locusts not yet winged] went on, or forwards: (S, O, K:) مَشَى in this explanation in the K should be مَضَى, as in the S and A. (TA.) b3: زَحَفَ said of an arrow, (assumed tropical:) It fell short of the butt, and then slid along to it. (S, * Msb.) b4: Also, said of a camel, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. زَحْفٌ and زُحُوفٌ, and زَحَفَانٌ, (TA,) He became fatigued, and dragged his foot, or the extremity of his foot; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَزْحَفُ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or this latter signifies he (a camel) became fatigued, (K, TA,) and stood still with his master: and رَاحِلَتُهُ مِنَ الإِعْيَآءِ ↓ أَزْحَفَتْ His saddle-camel stood still from fatigue: or, accord. to El-Khattábee, correctly, أُزْحِفَتْ عَلَيْهِ: (TA:) or this is a mistake, occurring in the Fáïk; and it is correctly with fet-h: (Mgh:) and accord. to the T, زَحَفَ signifies he (a camel) became fatigued, so that he stood still with his master: (TA:) or, as some say, زَحَفَ said of one walking, or marching, [i. e., of a man and of a beast,] (Msb, TA,) accord. to Az, whether fat or lean, (Msb,) aor. ـَ inf. n. زَحْفٌ and زَحَفَانٌ, or, as Az says, زَحْفٌ and زُحُوفٌ, (TA,) signifies, (Msb,) or signifies also, (TA,) he became fatigued, (Msb, TA,) in walking, or marching. (TA.) b5: And زَحَفَ الشَّجَرُ (tropical:) The trees became in a state of gentle motion, by the influence of the wind. (TA.) A2: زَحَفَ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. زَحْفٌ, He dragged the thing along gently. (TA.) 2 زحّف البَيْتَ بِالزَّحَّافَةِ [He swept the house, or chamber, with the زحّافة, q. v.]. (TA.) 3 زَاحَفُونَا, inf. n. مُزَاحَفَةٌ, They fought with us. (TA.) 4 أَزْحَفَ see 1, in the latter half, in two places. b2: أَزْحَفَ said of a man means His camel, or his horse or the like, became fatigued. (S.) b3: ازحف لَنَا بَنُو فُلَانٍ The sons of such a one became a زَحْف to us, (K, TA,) i. e., an army marching to us to fight with us. (TA.) b4: And ازحف فُلَانٌ Such a one attained to the utmost of that which he sought, or desired. (K, * TA.) A2: ازحف said of long journeying, It fatigued the camels. (TA.) b2: ازحفت الرِّيحُ الشَّجَرَ (tropical:) The wind put the trees into a state of gentle motion. (TA.) 5 تَزَحَّفَ see 1, in the former half, in two places.6 تزاحفوا They drew near, one to another, in fight. (IDrd, Z, K.) They walked, or marched, one to, or towards, another; as also ↓ ازدحفوا. (TA.) 8 ازدحف [originally اِزْتَحَفَ]: see 1, first sentence: and see also 6.

زَحْفٌ An army, or a military force, marching by little and little, or leisurely, to, or towards, the enemy, (S, A, K, TA,) or heavily, by reason of their multitude and force: (A, TA:) or a numerous army or military force; an inf. n. used as a subst.; (Mgh, Msb;) because, by reason of its multitude, and heaviness of motion, it is as though it crept, or crawled, along: (Mgh:) accord. to Az, from زَحَفَ عَلَى اسْتِهِ, said of a child: (TA:) not applied to a single individual: (IKoot, Msb:) pl. زُحُوفٌ. (Msb, TA.) b2: and hence, as being likened thereto, (tropical:) A swarm of locusts. (TA.) b3: فَرَّ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ, occurring in a trad., means He fled from war with unbelievers; and from encountering the enemy in war. (TA.) b4: إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا زَحْفًا, in the Kur [viii. 15], means, accord. to Zj, زَاحِفِينَ, i. e. [When ye meet those who have disbelieved] marching by little and little [in consequence of their great number, to attack you]. (TA.) زَحْفَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of 1; A walk, &c.]. b2: نَارُ الزَّحْفَتَيْنِ The fire of the شِيح and the أَلَآء; because it quickly blazes in them [and then subsides]; (S, K;) so that one walks, or creeps, from them [and back to them]: (S:) or the fire of the عَرْفَج; (M, A;) because it quickly takes effect upon it; so that when it blazes, those who warm themselves at it walk, or creep, from it; then it soon subsides, and they walk, or creep, back to it: (M, TA:) and the like is said by IB; wherefore, he adds, it is called أَبُو سَرِيعٍ. (TA.) It was said to a woman of the Arabs, “Wherefore do we see you to be scant of flesh in the posteriors and thighs? ” and she answered, أَرْسَحَتْنَا نَارُ الزَّحْفَتَيْنِ [The fire of the شِيح and the أَلَآء, or of the عَرْفَج, has rendered us scant of flesh in the posteriors and thighs]. (S.) زُحَفَةٌ, (K,) or زُحَفَةٌ زُحَلَةٌ, A man (TA) who does not travel about in the countries: (K, TA:) so in the Moheet. (TA.) زَحُوفٌ: see زَاحِفٌ, in two places. b2: [Also, accord. to Freytag, occurring in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning Going along slowly.]

زَحَّافَةٌ, in the dial. of Egypt, signifies مَا يُزَحَّفُ بِهِ البَيْتُ [i. e. The thing, generally a palm-branch, with which the house, or chamber, is swept, to remove the dust and cobwebs from the roof and walls]. (TA.) زَحَنْفَفَةٌ One who creeps along (يَزْحَفُ) upon the ground, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) either from fatigue or old age. (TA.) b2: Also A man (TA) whose heel-tendons nearly knock against each other. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) زَاحِفٌ [part. n. of 1; Walking, &c.]. b2: (tropical:) An arrow that falls short of the butt, and then slides along to it: (S, * Msb, TA: *) pl. زَوَاحِفُ. (Msb.) b3: A camel fatigued, and dragging his foot, or the extremity of his foot; (K;) as also ↓ زَاحِفَةٌ, in which the ة is added to denote intensiveness: (Msb:) or the latter is applied, in the sense expl. above, to a she-camel; (S, K;) and so ↓ زَحُوفٌ; (K;) or this last signifies a she-camel that drags her hind legs or feet: and ↓ مُزْحِفٌ, applied to a he-camel, has the former of these meanings: (S:) [see also سَحُوفٌ, said to be a dial. var. of زَحُوفٌ:] the pl. of ↓ زَاحِفَةٌ is زَوَاحِفُ; (S, Msb, K;) and the pl. of ↓ زَحُوفٌ is زُحُفٌ. (TA.) Also Fatigued and motionless; whatever it be, whether lean or fat; and so ↓ مُزْحِفٌ. (TA.) And, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, [simply] Fatigued; (TA;) and so ↓ مُزْحِفٌ; applied to a camel: (K:) or the latter, so applied, signifies fatigued, and standing still with his owner: the former is applied to the male and to the female; and its pl. is زَوَاحِفُ: it is said to be also the name of a certain camel; but Th denies this. (TA.) زَاحِفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

مَزْحَفٌ: see مَزْحَفَةٌ.

مُزْحِفٌ: see زَاحِفٌ, in three places. b2: سَحَابٌ مُزْحِفٌ (tropical:) Clouds moving slowly, because carrying much water; likened to fatigued camels. (TA.) مَزْحَفَةٌ a n. of place, sing. of مَزَاحِفُ, (TK,) which signifies The places of the creeping of serpents; (S, K, TA;) and the marks, or tracks, of the passage thereof: (TA:) and ↓ مَزْحَفٌ, likewise signifies the mark, or track, of a serpent, upon the ground; like مَسْحَفٌ. (TA in art. سحف.) b2: مَزَاحِفُ also signifies The places of fighting of a party, or people. (TA.) b3: and (tropical:) The places of pouring [of the water] of the clouds; (TA;) the places where falls the rain of the clouds. (K, TA. [In the CK, السَّحَابُ is erroneously put for السَّحَابِ.]) مِزْحَافٌ A camel wont, or accustomed, to become fatigued, (S, K, TA,) and to drag his foot, or the extremity of his foot, (S,) or to stand still with his owner: (TA:) or (tropical:) a she-camel that quickly becomes attenuated, or chafed, or abraded, or worn, in the sole of the foot: (A, TA:) pl. مَزَاحِيفُ (S, TA) and مَزَاحِفُ. (TA.)

زحم

1 زَحَمَهُ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. زَحْمٌ (Msb, K) and زَحْمَةٌ (Msb) and زِحَامٌ, with kesr; (K; [but see what here follows, and see also زَحْمَةٌ below;] and ↓ زاحمهُ, (S, Msb, TA,) inf. n. مُزَاحَمَةٌ (Msb, TA) and زِحَامٌ; (Msb;) i. q. ضَايَقَهُ [i. e. He straitened him, meaning, in this instance, by pressure; and properly, being in like manner straitened by him]: (K in explanation of زَحَمَهُ, and TA in explanation of زاحمهُ:) or i. q. دَفَعَهُ [he pushed him, or repelled him]; generally meaning [he pushed against him] in a strait, or narrow, [or crowded,] place: (Msb in explanation of زَحَمَهُ, and app. in explanation of زاحمهُ also:) [or i. q. دَافَعَهُ, which often signifies the same as دَفَعَهُ; but more properly, he pushed him, &c., being pushed, &c., by him: for] زَحَمَنِىَ النَّاسُ means دَافَعُونِى [i. e. The people pushed against me; or pushed me, &c., being pushed, &c., by me;] in a strait, or narrow, [or crowded,] place: (Mgh:) [or pressed, crowded, or thronged, me:] and مُزَاحَمَةٌ is syn. with مُدَافَعَةٌ: (TA in art. دفع:) ↓ اِزْدَحَمَهُ in the place of زَحَمَهُ is a mistake. (Mgh.) One says, زَحَمَ القَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا The people straitened one another; syn. تَضَايَقُوا; [or pressed, crowded, or thronged, one another;] in a sitting-place, or place of assembly: (Msb:) as also ↓ ازدحموا, (Msb, K, * TA,) in whatever place it be; (Msb;) and ↓ تزاحموا. (K, * TA.) One may also use the pass. form of زَحَمَ, i. e. زُحِمَ [meaning He was straitened, by pressure; &c.]; and that of زَاحَمَ, i. e. ↓ زُوحِمَ [meaning the same]. (Msb.) A2: ↓ زَحِمَ زُحْمَةً He gobbled a gobbet, or morsel, or mouthful: so in the “ Nawádir; ” as also زَهِمَهَا. (TA.) 3: see above, in two places. b2: [Hence,] one says, زَاحَمَ عَلَى الرِّئَاسَةِ وَأَرَادَهَا (assumed tropical:) [He strove for headship, or command, and desired it]. (IAar, TA in art. رأس.) [And hence the prov. زَاحِم بِعَوْدٍ أَوْ دَعْ: see art. عود.] b3: [Hence, likewise,] زاحمهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He treated him, or behaved towards him, with roughness, rudeness, hardness, harshness, or ill-nature. (TA. [I find this explanation noted down by me as taken from the TA, but without any reference to the art. from which I obtained it. It is not in the present art.]) b4: زاحم الخَمْسِينَ He (a man, TA) approached, (K, TA,) and reached, or attained, (TA,) the [age of] fifty [years]; (K, TA;) as also زَاهَمَهَا. (TA.) 6 تَزَاْحَمَ see 1, and 8. b2: تزاحمت الأَمْوَاجُ and ↓ ازدحمت The waves dashed against each other. (TA.) See a verse cited below, voce زَحْمٌ.8 إِزْتَحَمَ see 1, in two places; and see also an ex. in a verse cited below, voce زَحْمٌ. One says also, ازدحموا عَلَى كَذَا and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تزاحموا [They pushed, pressed, crowded, or thronged, together, upon, or against, such a thing]. (S.) b2: Hence, by way of metaphor, ازدحم الغُرَمَآءُ (tropical:) [The creditors were, or became, numerous and pressing]. (Msb.) b3: See also 6.

زَحْمٌ [originally an inf. n.,] i. q. قَوْمٌ مُزْدَحِمُونَ [A party, or company of men, straitening one another by pressure; pushing, pressing, crowding, or thronging, one another; i. e. a press, crowd, or throng]. (K, * TA.) A poet says, ↓ جَآءَ بِزَحْمٍ مَعَ زَحْمٍ فَازْدَحَمْ المَوْجِ إِذَا المَوْجُ الْتَطَمْ ↓ تَزَاحُمَ [He brought a crowd with a crowd, and they pressed, one against another, like the dashing together of the waves when the waves beat one another]: he uses [here] an inf. n. not conformable to the verb. (ISd, TA.) زُحْمٌ, with damm, a name of Mekkeh: (K, * TA:) so says Th: but ISd says that the name commonly known is رُحْم [or أُمُّ رُحْمٍ or أُمُّ الرُّحْمِ]: (TA:) or it is أُمُّ الزُّحْمِ [probably, I think, a mistranscription for أُمُّ الرُّحْمِ]. (K, TA.) زَحْمَةٌ [an inf. n. of زَحَمَهُ accord. to the Msb] i. q. ↓ زِحَامٌ [likewise an inf. n. of زَحَمَهُ accord. to the K, and of زَاحَمَهُ accord. to the Msb: both signify A straitening, pushing, pressing, crowding, or thronging]. (S.) b2: زَحْمَةُ الوِلَادَةِ The moaning, or hard breathing, (زَحْرَة,) with which the child comes forth; as also زَجْمَة and زَكْمَة. (K in the present art. and in art. زجم.) زُحْمَةٌ A gobbet, morsel, or mouthful. (TA.) See 1, last sentence.

زِحَامٌ: see زَحْمَةٌ.

مِزْحَمٌ i. q. كَثِيرُ الزِّحَامِ or شَدِيدُهُ [i. e. One who straitens, pushes, presses, crowds, or throngs, much or vehemently]. (K.) Hence, مَنْكِبٌ مِزْحَمٌ [A shoulder that pushes vehemently]. (TA.) هُوَ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ غَيْرُ مُزَاحَمٍ i. q. غَيْرُ مُدَافَعٍ, (K in art. دفع, q. v.) مُزَاحِمٌ, (T, TA,) or أَبُو مُزَاحِمٍ, (T, K, TA,) or اِبْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ, (M, TA,) The elephant: (T, M, K:) and a bull having horns: so in the T, on the authority of IAar: (TA:) or a bull having the horns broken. (M, K, TA) b2: مُزَاحِمٌ is also the name of A certain horse. (K, * TA.)

صنع

1 صَنَعَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. صُنْعٌ and صَنْعٌ, He made, wrought, manufactured, fabricated, or constructed, the thing; syn. عَمِلَهُ: (K:) [or he made it, &c., skilfully, or well; for] الصُّنْعُ signifies إِجَادَةُ الفِعْلِ; and every صُنْع is a فِعْل, but every فِعْل is not a صُنْع; and it is not predicated of [irrational] animals [unless tropically, (see أَصْنَعُ,)] nor of inanimate things, like as الفِعْلُ is. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: [Hence,] صَنَعَ signifies also (assumed tropical:) [He fabricated speech or a saying or sentence or the like:] he forged a word; and poetry, عَلَى

فُلَانٍ in the name of such a one. (Mz, 8th نوع.) b3: And صَنَعَ, inf. n. صَنْعٌ [and صُنْعٌ] and صَنِيعٌ, [with the objective complement understood,] He worked, or wrought; he practised, or exercised, an art, a craft, or a manufacture. (MA.) b4: And صَنَعَ إِلَيْهِ مَعْرُوفًا, (S, O, K,) aor. as above, (K,) inf. n. صُنْعٌ, with damm, He did to him a benefit, favour, or kind act: and صَنَعَ بِهِ صَنِيعًا قَبِيحًا he did to him an evil, or a foul, deed: syn. فَعَلَهُ: (S, O, K:) and one says also [in the former of these two senses], عِنْدَهُ صَنِيعَةً ↓ اِصْطَنَعَ; (S, Mgh, K;) syn. اِتَّخَذَهَا; (K;) or أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِ. (Mgh.) The saying مَا صَنَعْتَ وَأَبَاكَ means مَعَ

أَبِيكَ [i. e. What didst thou together with thy father?]. (S.) The saying of the Prophet, إِذَا لَمْ تَسْتَحْىِ فَاصْنَعْ مَا شِئْتَ [If thou be not ashamed, do what thou wilt,] is said to be an instance of an imperative phrase of which the meaning is predicative; i. e. it is as though he said, he who is not ashamed does what he will: (O, L, TA: *) and other explanations of it are mentioned in the O and L: (TA:) [but] this is held by A 'Obeyd to be the right meaning. (L.) In the phrase صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ, in the Kur [xxvii. 90, which may be rendered By the doing of God], صنع is in the accus. case as an inf. n.: but one may read it in the nom. case, meaning ذٰلِكَ to be understood before it. (Zj, O, TA.) One says also, مَا أَحْسَنَ صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ عِنْدَكَ and صَنِيعَ اللّٰهِ [How good is the doing of God with thee, or at thine abode!]. (K.) b5: And صَنَعْتُ فَرَسِى, inf. n. صَنْعٌ and صَنْعَةٌ, (tropical:) I tended well my horse; or took good care of him; (S, O, K, TA;) supplied him with fodder, and fattened him: and صَنَعَ جَارِيَتَهُ (tropical:) he reared, or nourished, his girl, or young woman: (TA:) and صُنِعَتِ الجَارِيَةُ (tropical:) the girl, or young woman, was treated [or nourished] well, so that she became fat; as also ↓ صُنِّعَت, inf. n. تَصْنِيعٌ: (K, TA:) or you say اِصْنَعِ الفَرَسَ, (so accord. to my MS. copy of the K,) or الفَرَسَ ↓ أَصْنَعَ, (so accord. to other copies of the K, and in the O, [in the CK اُصْنِعَ الفَرَسُ,]) without teshdeed; [which seems to indicate that the right reading is صَنَعَ, agreeably with the reading in my MS. copy of the K which gives the imperative form; though it is stated in the TA that أَصْنَعَ الفَرَسَ is said by IKtt to be a dial. var. of صَنَعَهُ;] (O, K;) and الجَارِيَةَ ↓ صَنَّعَ, with teshdeed, meaning he treated [or nourished] well the girl, or young woman, and fattened her; (O, K; [in my MS. copy of the K صَنِّعِ الجَارِيَةَ;]) because the تصنيع of the girl, or young woman, is by means of many things, and by careful tending: (O, K:) so says Lth: (O:) but Az says that by other, or others, than Lth, it is allowed to say صَنَعَ جَارِيَتَهُ, without teshdeed: and hence the phrase in the Kur [xx. 40.], وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَى عَيْنِى, (TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [And this I did] that thou mightest be reared and nourished in my sight; (O, TA;) for which some read وَلِْتُصْنَعْ, as an imperative; and some, وَلِتَصْنَعَ, meaning and that thou mightest work in my sight, (Ksh, Bd,) lest thou shouldst do so contrary to my command. (Bd.) You say likewise, of a woman, صَنَعَتْ نَفْسَهَا: see 5. And you say also ↓ اِصْطَنَعْتُهُ, meaning (tropical:) I reared him; and educated, disciplined, or trained, him well. (S, * O, K, TA.) A2: Accord. to IDrst, صَنِعَ, inf. n. صَنَعٌ, signifies He was, or became, skilled, or skilful: but IB says that صَنِعَ has not been heard. (TA.) 2 صَنَّعَ see 1, latter half, in two places.3 مُصَانَعَةٌ primarily signifies The doing to one a thing in order that he may do another thing to the doer of the former thing. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The treating with gentleness, or blandishment; soothing, coaxing, wheedling, or cajoling; and endeavouring to conciliate. (O, K, TA.) Or this is from the last of the following significations. (TA.) You say صانعهُ (assumed tropical:) He treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; &c. (O, TA.) and (assumed tropical:) He acted hypocritically with him. (TA.) and صانعهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He strove, or endeavoured, to turn him from the thing by deceit, or guile. (TA.) b3: And hence, (A, TA,) or from the last signification in this paragraph, (TA,) (tropical:) The act of bribing. (S, O, Msb, * K, * TA.) One says, صانع الوَالِىَ (tropical:) He bribed [the prefect, ruler, judge, or the like]. (TA.) And صانعهُ بِالمَالِ (tropical:) He bribed him with property, wealth, or money. (Mgh, TA. *) And it is said in a prov., مَنْ صَانَعَ بِالمَالِ لَمْ يَحْتَشِمْ مِنْ طَلَبِ الحَاجَةِ (tropical:) [He who bribes with property is not ashamed of demanding the thing wanted]. (S, O, TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) A horse's not putting forth, or giving, the whole of his strength in going; reserving somewhat thereof: one says, يُصَانِعُكَ بِبَذْلِهِ سَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [He keeps back from thee somewhat by the manner in which he exerts his power of going]. (O, K, TA.) 4 اصنع He (a man, O) aided, or assisted, another. (O, K.) And accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, followed in the O and TS and K, one says also, اصنع الأَخْرَقُ, meaning The unskilful learned, and did soundly, thoroughly, skilfully, or well: but this is a mistake, occasioned by his deeming dubious, or obscure, a passage in the Nawádir of IAar, where the latter says that اصنع الرَّجُلُ means أَعَانَ الأَخْرَقَ [i. e. The man aided, or assisted, the unskilful]. (TA.) A2: اصنع الفَرَسَ: see 1, latter half. [Freytag states, as on the authority of the K, that أَصْنَعَ, said of a horse, signifies “ Non omnibus viribus usus cucurrit, sed ita tamen ut eques eo contentus esset ” (which is nearly the same as a signification of صَانَعَ likewise mentioned by him): but this is a mistake.]5 تَصَنُّعٌ signifies The affecting a goodly way, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like; (S, O, K, TA; [الصَّمْت in the CK is a mistranscription for السَّمْت;]) and the making a show thereof; (TA;) and the adorning oneself (K, TA) thereby, while internally unsound in the grounds of pretension to respect. (TA.) And تصنّعت, said of a woman, means نَفْسَهَا ↓ صَنَعَتْ [She cultivated and improved her person, so as to render herself comely, by art, and good nurture]: (S, O:) or she adorned, or embellished, herself. (PS.) 8 إِصْتَنَعَ see 1, former half. b2: Accord. to Er-Rághib, اِصْطِنَاعٌ signifies The exceeding the usual, or ordinary, bounds, or degree, in putting a thing into a good, sound, right, or proper, state. (TA.) b3: And hence, he says, the phrase in the Kur [xx. 43], وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِى, which means (assumed tropical:) And I have chosen thee [for myself] to establish my evidence and to serve as my spokesman between me and my creatures so that thy doing thus shall be as though I did it: (TA:) or it means I have reared thee, (Az, TA,) or I have chosen thee, (O, K, TA,) [for myself,] for a special affair which I require thee to accomplish in a sufficient manner, (Az, O, K, TA,) concerning Pharaoh and his forces. (Az, TA.) See also 1, last sentence but one. b4: One says also, اصطنع خَاتَمًا He ordered that a signet-ring should be made for him. (O, K.) [See also 10.]

b5: And اصطنعهُ [in which the pronoun seems to refer to رِزْق i. e. sustenance, &c.,] also signifies قَدَّمَهُ [app. meaning He offered it]. (TA.) b6: And اصطنع [alone, for اصطنع مَصْنَعَةً,] (tropical:) He made, or prepared, a repast, feast, or banquet, to which to invite friends. (O, K, TA.) and (tropical:) He prepared food to be dispensed in the way, or cause, of God. (O and TA, from a trad.; mentioned also in the CK, but not in other copies of the K.) 10 استصنعهُ, accord. to the O, signifies He asked for it to be made for him: accord. to the L, استصنع الشَّىْءَ signifies he invited, or he induced, or caused (دَعَا,) [another] to make the thing. (TA.) In the saying of Es-Sarakhsee, اِسْتَصْنَعَ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ قَلَنْسُوَةً [app. meaning He asked, or desired, the man to make for him a قلنسوة (q. v.)], عند is redundant. (Mgh.) [See also 8.]

صَنْعٌ: see صَنَعٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, and ↓ صَوْنَعٌ, A certain small creeping thing, or insect, (دُوَيْبَّةٌ,) or a flying thing (طَائِرٌ): (K, TA:) mentioned by Sgh: (TA:) also written in the K (in art. ضتع) ضَتْعٌ and ضَوْتَعٌ: in one case or the other mistranscribed. (TA in art. ضتع.) صُنْعٌ an inf. n. of صَنَعَ [q. v.] (S, K, &c.) b2: And i. q. رِزْقٌ [Sustenance, &c.]. (TA.) A2: See also صَنَعٌ, in two places.

صِنْعٌ A tailor: (O, K:) or one who is gentle, delicate, or skilful, (رَفِيق, O,) or thin, fine, or delicate, (رَقِيق, so in the copies of the K,) or slender, or small, (دَقِيق, so in the TA,) [of which readings that in the O is app. the right,] in respect of the hands. (O, K.) See also صَنَعٌ, in five places.

A2: Also A ↓ مَصْنَعَة of water; (O, K, TA;) i. e. a piece of wood [app. a plank or board] by means of which water is confined, and retained for a while: (TA:) pl. أَصْنَاعٌ: (O, K:) [but this explanation in the TA seems to have been founded upon a statement there made, that Az heard the Arabs call أَحْبَاس of water أَصْنَاع; (see حِبْسٌ, of which احباس is the pl.;) for I do not find ↓ مَصْنَعَةٌ thus expl. in any lexicon except the TA:] and ↓ صَنَّاعَةٌ, with teshdeed, and ↓ صَنَاعٌ, (O, K,) like سَحَابٌ, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) signify pieces of wood [or planks or boards] put together in water, to confine the water, and retain it for a while; (O, K;) like the حِبَاسَة [q. v.]. (O.) b2: See also مَصْنَعَةٌ, in two senses. b3: Also A manufactured thing (K, TA) of any kind, (TA,) such as a سُفْرَة [q. v.], (K, TA,) &c. (TA.) b4: And (tropical:) A garment. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ صِنْعًا جَيِّدًا (tropical:) [I saw upon him a goodly garment]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) A turban. (IAar, O, K, TA.) b6: And The [iron instrument with which flesh-meat is roasted, called] سَفُّود. (O, TS, K.) El-Marrár El-Fak'asee says, describing camels, وَجَآءَتْ وَرُكْبَانُهَا كَالشُّرُوبِ وَسَائِقُهَا مِثْلُ صِنْعِ الشِّوَآء

[And they came, their riders being like drinkers, or drunkards, and their driver like the سَفُّود of roasted flesh-meat]. (O.) In the L, السود is put in the place of السفّود; and after citing the verse above, [and app. reading مِثْلَ, regarding it as relating to the camels,] the author says that the poet means, سُودَ الأَلْوَانِ. (TA.) b7: And Roasted flesh-meat [itself]; syn. شِوَآءٌ. (So in copies of the K. [SM says that the right reading, as the explanation of الصِّنْعُ in this instance, is الشَّوَا; and cites IAar as saying الصِّنْعُ الشَّوَا نَفْسُهُ: but I think that the right reading is indicated by the addition نَفْسُهُ to be الشِّوَآءُ; and that IAar gives this signification after mentioning that which here next precedes it.]) رَجُلٌ صَنَعٌ, (Mgh, L, Msb,) and رَجُلٌ صَنَعُ اليَدَيْنِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and صَنَعُ اليَدِ, (Th, TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صِنْعُ, (S, O, K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صِنْعُ, (TA,) and اليَدِ ↓ صُنْعُ, (IB, TA,) and Sh is related to have said, ↓ رَجُلٌ صَنْعٌ, (TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صَنِيعُ, (S, O, K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صَنِيعُ, (TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, (K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, but not صَنَاعٌ alone when applied to a male, (TA,) A man skilful in the work of the hands or hand: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) and a company of men you term الأَيْدِى ↓ قَوْمٌ صُنْعَى and ↓ صُنُعَى

الأَيْدِى, and الأَيْدِى ↓ صَنَعَى, and الأَيْدِى ↓ صِنْعَى, (K,) [all of which are instances of quasi-pl. ns., except, perhaps, the last, which is said in the TA to be a pl. of ↓ صِنْع,] and أَصْنَاعُ الأَيْدِى, (K, [in the CK, erroneously, اَصْنَاعِى,]) which is pl. of اليَدِ ↓ صِنْعُ or of اليَدِ ↓ صَنِيعُ, or, accord. to Sh, as IB says, the only pl. of ↓ صِنْعٌ is صِنْعُونَ, and in like manner in the case of ↓ صُنْع you say صُنْعُو اليَدِ, (TA,) and رِجَالٌ صُنُعٌ is mentioned as on the authority of Sb, (K,) and Sh is related to have said قَوْمٌ صَنْعُونَ, [using the latter word as pl. of ↓ صَنْعٌ,] with the ن quiescent. (TA.) And you say ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ صَنَاعٌ, (ISk, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and اليَدَيْنِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, (S, O, K,) and اليَدِ ↓ صَنَاعُ, (IJ, TA,) an instance of an epithet applied to a woman like كَعَابٌ and رَدَاحٌ and حَصَانٌ, (TA,) the ا of prolongation before the final letter resembling, and rendering needless, the ة in صَنَعَةٌ, (IJ, TA,) which is not allowable, (IJ, * Mgh, Msb, TA, *) though an instance of it occurs used on the ground of analogy: (Mgh:) A woman skilful in the work of the hands or hand; (ISk, S, O, K, TA;) who makes things in a suitable manner; who sews, and cuts out or makes, leathern buckets; (ISk, TA;) contr. of خَرْقَآءُ; (Mgh, Msb;) and ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ صَنِيعَةٌ signifies the same: (TA:) and اِمْرَأَتَانِ صَنَاعَانِ: and نِسْوَةٌ صُنُعٌ. (S, O, K.) Th preferred صَنَعُ اليَدِ as applied to a man; and اليَدِ ↓ صَنَاعُ as applied to a woman. (IB, TA.) Accord. to IDrst, صَنَعٌ is an inf. n. used as an epithet. (TA. [But see 1, last sentence.]) It is said in a prov., ثَلَّةً ↓ لَا تَعْدَمُ صَنَاعٌ [expl. in art. ثل]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says of a poet, and of any one who is eloquent, رَجُلٌ صَنَعُ الِلّسَانِ (tropical:) [A man skilful in the use of the tongue]: and in like manner, لِسَانٌ صَنَعٌ (tropical:) [a skilful tongue]. (K, TA.) And اللِّسَانِ ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ صَنَاعُ (assumed tropical:) A woman sharp-tongued: or long-tongued: syn. سَلِيطَة. (TA.) صَنِعٌ: see صَنِيعٌ, last sentence.

صَنْعَةٌ Work or handiwork, an art, a craft or handicraft, or a trade; (KL;) as also ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ: (KL, PS:) any habitual work or occupation of a man; as also حِرْفَةٌ; (K in art. حرف;) [and so ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ, as is indicated in the K voce حِرْفَةٌ; whence] one says, صِنَاعَتُهُ رِعَايَةُ الإِبِلِ [His habitual work or occupation, or his business, is the tending, or pasturing, of camels]: (M, and K in art. رعى:) or صَنْعَةٌ [more particularly] signifies the work of the صَانِع; (S, O, K;) [a manufacture, or work of art; and workmanship, or the skill of a worker, which last meaning is plainly indicated in the O, and by common usage:] and ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ, the حِرْفَة [i. e. craft, or habitual work or occupation,] of the صَانِع, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, * K,) meaning of him who works with his hand: (Mgh:) the pl. of ↓ صِنَاعَةٌ is [صَنَائِعُ and] صِنَاعَاتٌ. (KL.) b2: It is also an inf. n. of 1 as used in the phrase صَنَعْتُ فَرَسِى [q. v.]. (S, O, K, TA.) أَسْهُمٌ صُنْعَةٌ, with damm, Arrows that are equal, equable, uniform, or even, the work of one man. (TA.) [Perhaps صُنْعَةٌ is a quasi-pl. n. of صَنِيعٌ applied to an arrow.]

صُنْعَى and صِنْعَى and صَنَعَى and صُنْعَى: see صَنَعٌ.

صَنَاعٌ: see صِنْعٌ: A2: and see also صَنَعٌ, in eight places.

صُنُوعٌ in a sense in which it is used in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb is a pl. of which ISd says, “I know not any sing. thereof: ” accord. to Skr, it means The خُرَز [app. either the seams or the stitch-holes] of a مَزَادَة or of an إِدَاوَة: or, as some say, the thongs used in the sewing thereof: and some say the making thereof, so that in this case it is an inf. n. (TA.) صَنِيعٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (MA.) b2: and i. q. ↓ مَصْنُوعٌ [meaning Made, wrought, manufactured, fabricated, or constructed: or made, &c., skilfully, or well: see 1, first sentence]. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) Food (O, K, TA) that is made, or prepared, and to which people are invited; (TA;) and ↓ مَصْنَعَةٌ signifies [the same, i. e.] (tropical:) a repast, feast, or banquet, to which friends are invited: (O, K, TA:) one says, كُنْتُ فِى صَنِيعِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) I was at the repast of such a one, made, or prepared, by him, to which people were invited: and ↓ المَصْنَعَةِ (tropical:) the repast to which friends were invited. (TA.) And (i. e. the former word) (tropical:) Food prepared to be dispensed in the way, or cause, of God. (TA.) b4: Also, applied to a sword, Polished, (S, O, K, TA,) and proved by experience; and so applied to an arrow: (K, TA:) or, applied to a sword, frequently renovated by polishing: (A, TA:) pl. صُنُعٌ. (TA.) b5: And, applied to a horse, (tropical:) Well tended; (S, O, K, TA;) supplied with fodder, and fattened. (TA.) And [in like manner it is applied to a human being:] one says, هُوَ صَنِيعِى (tropical:) He is the person whom I have reared; and whom I have educated, disciplined, or trained, well; (O, K, TA;) and so ↓ صَنِيعَتِى; (S, * O, K, TA;) and فُلَانٍ ↓ هُوَ مُصْطَنَعَةُ (tropical:) he is the person whom such a one has reared; &c. (Z, TA.) b6: And (tropical:) A goodly and clean garment. (A, L, TA.) b7: And A deed, or an action; (S, O, K, KL;) and so ↓ صَنِيعَةٌ: (Ham p. 198:) one says, صَنَعَ بِهِ صَنِيعًا قَبِيحًا He did to him an evil, or a foul, deed: (S, O, K:) and ↓ سُوْءُ صَنِيعَةٍ means The evil [consequence] of a deed. (Ham ubi suprà.) and [particularly] A good deed, a benefit, favour, or kind act; (O, K, TA;) and so ↓ صَنِيعَةٌ: (S, * O, Msb, K:) [see a verse cited voce مَصْنَعٌ:] pl. [of either, of the latter agreeably with rule,] صَنَائِعُ. (O, K.) A2: Also Skilful in work of the hands or hand: (S, O, K, TA:) fem. [in this sense] with ة. (TA.) See صَنَعٌ, in four places. Accord. to IDrst, ↓ صَنِعٌ [likewise] signifies Skilled, or skilful, as part. n. of صَنِعَ; but IB says that صَنِعَ has not been heard. (TA.) صِنَاعَةٌ: see صَنْعَةٌ, in four places. The saying of 'Alee, يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ كُلِّ صِنَاعَةٍ صِنَاعَتُهُ, if correctly related, means يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ كُلِّ ذِى صِنَاعَةٍ مَصْنُوعُهُ [From every one possessing skill in manufacture should be taken, or procured, that which he has manufactured: or perhaps مِنْ is a mistake for عَنْ, and the meaning is, from every craftsman is to be acquired his craft]. (Mgh.) صَنِيعَةٌ: see صَنِيعٌ, latter half, in four places.

صَنَاعِيَةٌ Persons who tend their camels well, and fatten the young ones thereof, and give not their camels' milk to guests: occurring in a verse of 'Ámir Ibn-Et-Tufeyl. (TA, in this art. and in art. صلمع.) صَنَائِعِىٌّ: see صَانِعٌ.

صَنَّاعٌ [An expert صَانِع i. e. manufacturer &c.] (TA. [There mentioned only as a proper name, or surname.]) صَنَّاعَةٌ: see صِنْعٌ, former half.

صَانِعٌ A handicraftsman; manufacturer; or worker, or maker, with his hand; (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb, * K;) or one having a صَنْعَة [i. e. craft &c.] which he exercises; (TA;) [an artificer, or artisan;] and ↓ صَنَائِعِىٌّ is [used in the same sense, and particularly as meaning one who works for hire under a master; being] a rel. n. from صَنَائِعُ [pl. of صِنَاعَةٌ], like أَنْمَاطِىٌّ and أَنْصَارِىٌّ: (TA:) the pl. of صَانِعٌ is صُنَّاعٌ. (Msb, TA.) صَوْنَعٌ: see صَنْعٌ.

أَصْنَعُ [More, or most, skilled in working with the hands, manufacturing, fabricating, or constructing]. See an ex. voce سُرْفَةٌ, and another voce تَنَوُّطٌ.

مَصْنَعٌ [may be sued, agreeably with analogy, as an inf. n.: and as a n. of place, and of time]. A poet says, إِنَّ الصَّنِيعَةَ لا تَكُونُ صَنِيعَةً

حَتَّى يُصَابَ بِهَا طَرِيقُ المَصْنَعِ [which may be rendered Verily that which is a good deed considered abstractedly, or without relation to the manner or object &c., will not be a good deed in effect except, or unless, the way of the doing, or the way that leads to the place (here meaning the object) of the doing, be rightly hit upon therewith]. (O, TA.) b2: In the following verse of Náfi' Ibn-Lakeet, (TA in this art. and in art. ريش,) wrongly ascribed by J [in arts.

ريش and مرط] to Lebeed, (TA in art. ريش,) and ascribed by others to other poets, (TA in art. مرط,) it is expl. by IAar as signifying A place that is deemed goodly [in workmanship]; syn. مُسْتَمْلَحٌ [a n. of place, accord. to a general rule, as well as pass. part. n.: or مَصْنَعٌ may be here more literally rendered a place of skilful workmanship]: the poet says, مُرُطُ القِذَاذِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ مَصْنَعٌ لَا الرِّيشُ يَنْفَعُهُ وَلَا التَّعْقِيبُ (TA in the present art.) meaning Having no feathers upon it, [and having in it no place exhibiting skilful workmanship, neither the feathers being of use to it] nor the binding around with sinews. (TA in art. ريش.) b3: See also what here follows.

مَصْنَعَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and مَصْنُعَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مَصْنَعٌ (O, Msb, K) [A kind of tank, or reservoir, for rain-water; i. e.] a thing like a حَوْض, (S, Mgh, O, K, TA,) or like a صِهْرِيج (Msb, TA) and a بِرْكَة, (Msb,) that is made, or constructed, (Mgh, Msb,) for collecting the water of the rain: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) pl. مَصَانِعُ, (O, Msb, K, TA,) a pl. of all the three words above, expl. by As as meaning excavations which people make for the rain-water, which they fill therewith, and from which they drink; and مَصَانِيعُ is another pl. of مَصْنَعَةٌ, the ى being inserted by poetic license; or it may be pl. of ↓ مَصْنُوعٌ or مَصْنُوعَةٌ: and ↓ صِنْعٌ [in like manner] signifies a حَوْض or a thing like a صِهْرِيج: and صُنُوعٌ is said to be a pl. thereof: (TA:) or صِنْعٌ signifies a watering-trough, or tank, made for the rain-water, and not cased with baked bricks; and its pl. is أَصْنَاعٌ. (TA voce بِرْكَةٌ.) See also صِنْعٌ, in two places. b2: [The pl.] مَصَانِعُ signifies also Constructions such as قُصُور [or pavilions, &c.], (O, K,) and fortresses; (S, O, K;) and ↓ صِنْعٌ also signifies a fortress: and the former, wells also. (TA.) And Towns, or villages, are thus called, (O, K,) by the Arabs, accord. to As: sing. مَصْنَعَةٌ: (O, TA:) one says, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَصَانِعِ, meaning He is of the people of the towns, or villages, and of the cultivated land. (A, TA.) Also Places set apart for horses, away from the tents or houses: sing. مَصْنَعَةٌ. (AHn, TA.) [In Abul. Ann. ii. 42, where it seems to mean “ reservoir for rain-water,” Reiske renders it “ Hospitia publica. ”]

A2: See also صَنِيعٌ, in two places.

مَصْنُوعٌ: see صَنِيعٌ, and مَصْنَعَةٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) [Fabricated, as applied to speech or a saying or sentence: a phrase, or word,] innovated, [or coined,] and given by its author as chaste (فَصِيح) Arabic; differing from مُوَلَّدٌ, which is applied to what is not so given: (Mz, 21st نوع:) forged, as applied to a word, and poetry. (Id. 8th نوع.) هُوَ مُصْطَنَعَةُ فُلَانٍ: see صَنِيعٌ.