كتب

1 كَتَبَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ and كِتَابٌ and كِتَابَةٌ (S, K) and كِتْبَةٌ; (Msb;) the first of these inf. ns. agreeable with analogy; the second, anomalous; (TA;) or the latter of these two is a subst., like لِبَاسٌ; (Lh;) or originally an inf. n., and afterwards used in the senses given below; (MF;) as also كِتَابَةٌ, and كِتْبَةٌ: (TA:) and ↓ كتّبهُ (K) and ↓ اكتتبهُ; (S, K;) He wrote it: (S, K:) or كَتَبَهُ has this signification; and ↓ اكتتبهُ, as also ↓ استكتبهُ, signifies he asked [one] to dictate it (إِسْتَمْلَاهُ): (K:) ↓ إِكْتَتَبَهَا in the Kur, xxv. 6, signifies he hath written them (S) for himself: (Bd:) or he hath asked [one] to write them for him, or to dictate them to him. (TA, Bd.) b2: كَتَبَ عَنْهُ [He wrote what he had heard, or learned from him.] A phrase of common occurrence in biographies. b3: كَتَبَ [He was a writer, or scribe, and a learned man. (Implied in the S, where we are referred to the Kur, lii. 41, and lxviii., 47, in illustration of كَاتِبٌ as signifying “ a learned man. ”)]

A2: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كِتَابٌ, q. v., (assumed tropical:) He (God) prescribed, appointed, or ordained, (TA,) and made obligatory. (Msb.) كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ القِصَاصُ The law of retaliation is prescribed, appointed, or ordained, as a law of which the observance is incumbent on you. (Kur, ii. 173.] كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ Fasting is prescribed as incumbent on you. [Kur. ii. 179.] (TA.) b2: كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا (tropical:) He judged, passed sentence, or decreed, against him that he should do such a thing. (A.) كتب القَاضِى بِالنَّفَقَةِ The judge gave sentence that the expenses should be paid. (Msb.) A3: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ, He drew together; brought together; conjoined. (S.) b2: Hence, كَتَبَ البَغْلَةَ, aor. ـُ and كَتِبَ, inf. n. كَتْبٌ, He conjoined the oræ of the mule's vulva by means of a ring or a thong; (S;) as also كَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا. (A.) كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ and كَتِبَ, (K,) inf. n. كَتْبٌ; and كَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا; (TA;) He closed the camel's vulva, (K,) and put a ring upon it: (TA:) or he put a ring of iron or the like upon it, (K,) conjoining the oræ, in order that she might not be covered. (TA.) b3: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اكتتب; (K;) He sewed a قِرْبَة, (S,) or a سِقَآء, (K,) or a مَزَادَة, (TA,) with two thongs: (K:) or, accord. to some, he closed it at the mouth, by binding it round with a وِكَاء, so that nothing [of its contents] should drop from it; (TA;) [as also ↓ اكتب:] or كتب signifies he sewed a قربة; and ↓ اكتب, he bound it with a وكآء, i. e. bound it round the upper part. (Lh.) b4: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اكتب (S, K) and ↓ اكتتب (TA) (tropical:) He bound a قِرْبَة with a وِكَاء; (S;) he bound it round the head, or upper part: (K:) or the first of these verbs signifies he sewed a قربة. (Lh.) See above. IAar says, I heard an Arab of the desert say, أَكْتَبْتُ فَمَ

↓ السِّقَاء فَلَمْ يَسْتَكْتِبْ I bound the mouth of the سقاء, but it did not become fast bound, or closed, because of its hardness and thickness. (TA.) A4: كَتَبَ النَّاقَةَ He used art to make the she-camel take a liking to that which was not her own young one, and put something as a ring through her nostrils, lest she should smell the بَوّ, (in some copies of the K, بَوْل; but this is a mistake; TA,) and not have a fondness for it. (TA.) A5: كَتَبَ (tropical:) He collected a كَتِيبَة. (TA.) See also 2.2 كَتَّبَ See 1 and 4 A2: كتّب النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. تَكْتِيبٌ, He tied the udder of the camel. (Az, S.) A3: كتّب الكَتَائِبَ, inf. n. تَكْتِيبٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ كَتَبَهَا; (TA;) (tropical:) He prepared the troops; (K;) he disposed the troops in order, troop by troop. (S.) 3 مُكَاتَبَةٌ and ↓ تَكَاتُبٌ are syn.: (S, K:) you say, كاتب صَدِيقَهُ He wrote to his friend: and ↓ تكاتبا They wrote, one to the other. (TA.) b2: كاتبهُ, inf. n. مُكَاتَبَةٌ (Az, K, Msb) and كِتَابٌ, (Az, Msb,) (tropical:) He (a slave) made a written [or other] contract with him (his master), that he (the former) should pay a certain sum as the price of himself, and on the payment thereof be free: (K, &c.:) also he (a master) made such a contract with him (his slave): (Az, Msb, &c.:) and ↓ تكاتبا They two made such a contract, one with the other. (Msb.) The slave in this case is called مُكَاتَبٌ (S, Msb) and also مُكَاتِبٌ; and so is the master; the act being mutual. (Msb.) [But the lawyers in the present day call the slave مُكَاتَبٌ only; and the master, مُكَاتِبٌ.] الكِتَابَةُ, signifying “ what is written, ” is tropically used by the professors of practical law as syn. with المُكَاتَبَةُ, because the contract above mentioned was generally written; and is so used by them when nothing is written. It was thus called in the age of el-Islám, accord. to Az. These two words are said by Z to be syn.; but it is thought that he may have written the former by mistake for الكِتَابُ, adding the ة by a slip of the pen. (Msb.) 4 اكتب He dictated. (S, K.) Ex. أَكْتِبْنِى

هٰذِهِ القَصِيدَةَ Dictate to me this ode. (S.) b2: اكتب and ↓ كتّب He taught the art of writing. (K.) A2: See also 1, in three places.5 تكتّب (tropical:) He girded himself, and drew together his garments upon him. (TA.) A2: تكتّب (tropical:) It (an army, S) collected itself together. (S, K.) 6 تَكَاْتَبَ see 3.8 إِكْتَتَبَ See 1. b2: كِتْبَةٌ [is a quasi-inf. n. of 8; syn. with إِكْتِتَابٌ; and is explained as signifying] The writing a book, transcribing it [from another book]: (إِكْتِتَابُكَ كِتَابًا تَنْسَخُهُ). (K.) b3: It also signifies, [as a quasi-inf. n. of 8,] The writing one's name in [the list of those who receive] stipend and maintenance (الكتتاب فى الفرض والرزق [اصحاب]). (TA.) b4: اكتتب He registered himself in the book of the Sultán's army-list, or stipendiaries. (S, K.) إِكْتَتَبْتُ فِى

غَزْوَةِ كَذَا I wrote down my name in the list of the soldiers of such an expedition. (TA, from a trad.) b5: اكتتب كِتَابًا He asked for a book (or the like) to be written for him. (TA.) See also 10.

A2: اكتتب (tropical:) His urine was suppressed. (TA.) b2: اكتتب بَطْنُهُ (tropical:) He was constipated, or costive; (TA;) his belly was constipated. (K.) 10 استكتبهُ شَيْئًا He asked him to write a thing for him. (S.) See also 1 and 8.

A2: With reference to a سِقَاء (or skin), see 1.

كُتْبَةٌ (tropical:) A thong with which one sews (K) a مَزَادَة or a قِرْبَة: pl. كُتَبٌ. (TA.) b2: That with which the vulva of a camel (or of a mule, TA,) is closed in order that she may not be covered: (K:) pl. كُتَبٌ. (TA.) b3: A seam or suture, (KL, PS,) in a skin or hide; (KL;) [app. made by sewing together two edges so that one laps over the other;] a خُرْزَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) whereof the thong conjoins the two faces [or sides]: (K:) or a خرزة that is joined together with a thong: (Lth:) or that whereof the thong conjoins each of the two faces [or sides]: (ISd, TA:) pl. كُتَبٌ. (S, Mgh.) كِتْبَةٌ: see 1 and 8. b2: [Also, agreeably with analogy, A mode, or manner, of writing.]

كُتُبِىٌّ, meaning A bookseller, is a vulgar term, like صُحُفِىٌّ: by rule it should be كِتَابِىٌّ.]

كِتَابٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: as a subst.,] A thing in which, or on which, one writes: [a book:] a written piece of paper or [a record, or register; and a written mandate;] of skin: (K:) a writing, or writ, or thing written; as also ↓ كَتِيبَةٌ: and both are applied also to the revelation from above: and to a letter, or epistle, which a person writes and sends: sometimes made fem., as meaning صَحِيفَةٌ: AA says, I heard an Arab of the desert, of El-Yemen, say, فُلَانٌ لَغُوبٌ جَآءَتْهُ كِتَابِى فَاحْتَقَرَهَا Such a one is stupid: my letter came to him, and he despised it: so I said, Dost thou say, جاءته كتابى? and he replied, Is it not a صحيفة? (Msb.) Pl. كُتُبٌ and كُتْبٌ. (S.) b3: A revealed scripture. (Msb.) [Whence أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ People having a revealed scripture: and أَهْلُ الكِتَابِ The people of the Bible. See also أَهْلٌ.] الكتاب signifies The تَوْراة, or Pentateuch, or Mosaic Law: (K:) and the Gospel, or Book of the Gospels: the Scriptures of the Jews and Christians: (Expositions of the Kur, passim:) and the Kur-án. (TA.) b4: See also 3.

A2: كِتَابٌ [inf. n., or subst.: see 1] Divine prescript, appointment, or ordinance: judgment, or sentence: fatal decree, or predestination. (S, K.) لَأَقْضِيَنَّ بَيْنَكُمَا بِكِتَابِ اللّٰهِ I will assuredly determine, or judge, between you two according to the judgment, or sentence, of God, which hath been revealed in his book. A trad., not relating to the Kur-án. (TA.) El-Jaadee says, يَا ابْنَةَ عَمِّى كِتَابُ اللّٰهِ أَخْرَجَنِى

عَنْكُمْ وَهَلْ أَمْنَفَنَّ اللّٰهَ مَا فَعَلَا [O daughter of my paternal uncle! the decree of God hath expelled me from you: and could I indeed forbid God to do what He hath done?] (S.) [Hence,] الكِتَابُ الأَوَّلُ [The first writing; meaning the register of God's decrees]. (M and K voce مَحْبَلٌ, q. v.) b2: A receptacle for ink. (K).

قِرْبَةٌ كَتِيبٌ A skin that is sewed (S) with two thongs: (TA:) and the same, and ↓ مُكْتَبٌ, (S,) and ↓ مُكْتَتَبٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) A skin bound with a وِكَاء; (S;) closed at the mouth, by its being bound with a وِكَاء, so that nothing [of its contents] may drop from it. (TA.) كِتَابَةٌ subst. from 1; signifying The art of writing. (IAar, Msb.) b2: See also 3.

كَتِيبَةٌ see كِتَابٌ.

A2: An army; a military force: (S, K:) or a collected portion thereof; (Msb;) [a body of troops; a corps:] or a troop: or a troop of horse making a hostile attack or incursion, in number from a hundred to a thousand: (K:) pl. كَتَائِبُ. (S.) كُتَّابٌ, see مَكْتَبٌ

A2: The same, (S, K,) as also كُثَّابٌ, q. v., but the former is the more approved: (S: the reverse, however, is said in the TA; and MF says that some authors altogether reject كتّاب, with ت, in the sense here following:) A kind of small, round-headed, arrow, with which boys learn to shoot. (S, K.) كَاتِبٌ [A writer; a scribe; a secretary]: pl. كَاتِبُونَ and كُتَّابٌ and كَتَبَةٌ. (S, K.) b2: A learned man (S, K) was so called by the Arabs, (IAar,) because, in general, he who knew the art of writing was possessed of science and knowledge; and writers among them were few. (TA.) مَكْتَبٌ (S, K) and ↓ كُتَّابٌ (Lth, S, &c.) A school; a place where the art of writing is taught: (S, K, &c.:) accord. to Mbr and F, the assigning this signification to the latter word is an error; it being a pl. of كَاتِبٌ, and signifying, accord. to Mbr, the boys of a school: in the A it is said, this word is said to signify the boys; not the place: but Esh-Shiháb says, in the Sharh esh-Shifa, that it occurs in this sense in the classical language, and is not to be regarded as a postclassical word: it is said to be originally a pl. of كَاتِبٌ, and to be fig. employed to signify a school. (TA.) Pl. of the former مَكَاتِبُ; (TA;) and of the latter كَتَاتِيبُ. (S.) مُكْتَبٌ: see كَتِيبٌ.

مُكْتِبٌ A teacher of the art of writing. (S.) بغلة مَكْتُوبَةٌ, and مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَيْهَا, A mule that has the oræ of her vulva conjoined by means of a ring or a thong. (A.) See also 1.

مُكَتَّبٌ A bunch of grapes and the like of which a part has been eaten. (K, TA.) مُكْتَتَبٌ: see كَتِيبٌ.

مُكْتَوْتِبٌ Swollen, and full. (K.)

كذب

1 كَذَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَذِبٌ (a strange form of inf. n.; there being, accord. to Kz., only fourteen instances of it; as لَعِبٌ, and ضَحِكٌ, &c.; though there are many substantives of this measure; MF) and كِذْبٌ (S, K: accord. to Ibn-Es-Seed and others, this latter is formed from the former, by putting the second vowel of the former in the place of the first: MF) and كَذِبَةٌ (L) or كَذْبَةٌ (K) and كِذْبَهٌ (L, K) and كِذَابٌ and كِذَّابٌ (K: but this last, which is also assigned to كَذَبَ in the L, is, accord. to the S, which refers, for proof, to the Kur, ch. lxxviii.

28, one of the inf. ns. of كذّب: and Ks says, that the people of El-Yemen make the inf. n. of فعّل of the measure فِعَّالٌ, while the other Arabs make it تَفْعِيلٌ: TA) and, accord. to some, كُذْبٌ and كَذْبٌ (TA: but the latter of these two, though agreeable with analogy, is unheard: TA): see also كَذِبٌ, below: [He lied; uttered a falsehood; said what was untrue:] he gave an untrue account, or relation, of a thing, whether intentionally or unintentionally. (Msb) الكَذِبُ is of five kinds. b2: First, The relater's changing, or altering, what he hears; and his relating; as from others, what he does not know. This is the kind that renders one criminal, and destroys manly virtue. — Second, The saying what resembles a lie, not meaning anything but the truth. Such is meant in the trad., كَذَبَ إِبْرٰهِيمُ ثَلَاثَ كَذِبَاتٍ

Abraham said three sayings resembling lies; he being veracious in the three. — Third, The saying what is untrue by mistake, or unintentionally; making a mistake; erring. This signification is frequent. — Fourth, The finding one's hopes false, or vain. — Fifth, The act of instigating, or inciting. (IAmb.) [See illustrations of these and other significations below; and see more voce صَدَقَ.] [You say] يَكْذِبُكَ مِنْ أَيْنَ جَاءَ [He will lie to thee even as to the place whence he comes.] (L, art. مح, and in many other places, following the similar phrase لَا يَصْدُقُكَ أَثَرَهُ, or أَثَرُهُ.) Lebeed says, اِكْذِبِ النَّفْسَ إِذَا حَدَّثْتَهَا Lie to the soul (i. e., to thy soul,) when thou talkest to it: i. e., say not to thy soul, Thou wilt not succeed in thine enterprise; for thy doing so will divert thee, or hinder thee, therefrom. A proverb. (Meyd, &c.) b3: كُذِبَ, pass., He was told a lie; a falsehood; or an untruth. (K.) b4: Aboo-Duwád says, كَذَبَ العَيْرُ وَإِنْ كَانَ بَرَحْ The wild ass hath lied, although he hath passed from right to left: [the doing which is esteemed unlucky:] or, [agreeably with explanations of كَذَبَ given below,] hath become languid, and within [the sportsman's] power, or reach, &c.: or keep to the wild ass, and hunt him, &c. A proverb, applied in the case of a thing that is hoped for, though difficult of attainment. (TA.) b5: كَذَبَتْ and ↓ كذّبت (tropical:) She (a camel), being covered by the stallion, raised her tail, and then returned without conceiving. (En-Nadr, K.) b6: كَذَبَ is said of other things than men [and animals]: as of lightning, [meaning (assumed tropical:) It gave a false promise of rain]: of a dream, an opinion, a hope, and a desire, [meaning, in each of these cases, (assumed tropical:) It proved false]. (TA.) b7: So also كَذَبَتِ العَيْنُ (assumed tropical:) The sense [i. e., the sight] of the eye deceived it. (TA.) b8: كَذَبَ الرَّأْىُ [(assumed tropical:) The judgment lied]; i. e., he imagined the thing contrary to its real state. (TA.) [See also صَدَقَ ظَنِّى] b9: كَذَبَتْكَ عَيْنُكَ (tropical:) Thine eye showed thee what had no reality. (TA.) b10: كَذَبَ لَبَنُ النَّاقَةِ, and ↓ كذّب, (the latter mentioned in the S,) (tropical:) The milk of the camel passed away, or failed. (Lh.) b11: كَذَبَ فِى سَيْرِهِ (tropical:) [He (a camel) became slack, or slow, in his pace: see 2]. (TA.) b12: كَذَبَ الحَرُّ (tropical:) The heat abated. (TA.) b13: See also 2. كَذَبَ He found his hopes to be false, or vain. (IAmb.) اُنْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَذَبُوا عَلَى

أَنْفُسِهِمْ, [Kur vi. 24, lit., See how they lied against themselves,] is said to signify see how their hope hath proved false, or vain. (TA.) b14: ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا, [Kur xii. 110,] They (the apostles) thought that they had been disappointed of the fulfilment of the promise made to them. So accord. to one reading. Accord. to another reading, the verb is ↓ كُذِّبُوا: [in which case, the meaning of the words appears to be, “ They knew that they had been pronounced liars ” by the people to whom they were sent]. (TA.) There are also two other readings; ↓ كَذَّبُوا and كَذَبُوا: accord. to the former, the verb refers to the people to whom the apostles were sent; and ظنّوا means “ they knew: ” accord. to the latter, the words mean, “ They (the people above mentioned) thought that they (the apostles) had broken their promise. ” (Jel.) b15: مَا كَذَبَ الفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى [The mind did not belie what he saw.] (Kur liii. 11.) b16: كَذَبَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ [His soul lied to him:] his soul made him to desire things, and to conceive hopes, that could scarcely come to pass. (K.) Hence the soul is called الكَذُوبُ.

You say in the contr. case, صَذَقَتْهُ نفسه, and الكَذُوبُ. (TA.) See كَذُوبٌ, and art. صدق. b17: Hence, كَذَبَ عَلَيْهِ signifies It rendered him active, or brisk; animated him; instigated him; incited him; (K;) as also كَذَبَهُ. (Z.) b18: Hence, كَذَبَ and كَذَبَكَ and كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ have sometimes the same signification, though not always the same government, as عَلَيْكَ, or اِلْزَمْ; Keep to; or take to. The noun following is put in the nom. case accord. to the dial. of El-Yemen; and in the acc. accord. to the dial. of Mudar; or, as some say, is correctly put in the nom. only. (TA.) You say, كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا, meaning Keep to, or take to, such and such things. It is an extr. phrase. (ISk.) You also say, كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْكَ, meaning Keep thou to me: and كذبتُ عَلَيْكُمْ Keep ye to me. IAar. cites the following verse of Khidásh Ibn-Zuheyr, [in which he tauntingly compares a people to ticks]: كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَوْ عِدُونِى وَعَلِّلُوا بِىَ الأَرْضَ وَالأَقْوَامَ قِرْدَانَ مَوْظَبَا [Keep ye to me: threaten me, and soothe by (the mention of) me the land and the peoples, O ticks of Mowdhab!]: meaning Keep ye to me, and to satirizing me, when ye are on a journey, and traverse the land mentioning me. (TA.) In like manner, يَوْمُ الأَحَدِ والخَمِيسِ كَذَبَاكَ أَوْ يَوْمُ الإِثْنَيْنِ والثَّلَاثَاءِ, in a trad. respecting the proper days for being cupped, signifies Keep thou to Sunday and Thursday, or Monday and Tuesday. (IAth, Z.) The verb is thus used after the manner of a proverb, and is invariable [as to tense], being constantly in the pret. tense, connected [literally or virtually, when explained by عَلَيْكَ followed by the prep. ب, or by إِلْزَمْ,] only with the person addressed, and in the sense of the imperative. كذباك here [lit.] signifies Let them render thee active, or brisk, and animate thee, instigate thee, or incite thee. (Z.). [A trad. of 'Omar, quoted below, presents another instance to which this signification is said to apply.] b19: Or كَذَبَ denotes instigation, or incitement, of the person addressed, to keep to the thing that is mentioned; as in the saying of the Arabs, كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ العَسَلُ, meaning Eat thou honey: but the explanation of this is, (The relinquisher of) honey hath erred [to thee; i. e., in his representation of its evil qualites &c.; which is equivalent to saying, Eat, or keep to, honey]: العَسَلُ being put for تَارِكُ العَسَلِ. [See also 1 in art. عسل.] In like manner, the saying of 'Omar, كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الحَجُّ &c., (see below,) signifies Keep ye to the performance of the pilgrimage, &c.: [or (the relinquisher of) the pilgrimage hath erred to thee in his representation of it: therefore it means as above]. (IAmb.) Accord. to IAmb the noun signifying the object of instigation [which may also be called the cause thereof] cannot be rightly put in the acc. case: if so put, the verb is without an agent. (TA.) [But see what is said on this point in the remarks on the trad. of 'Omar below.] b20: Or the verb in a case of this kind signifies أَمْكَنَ: thus, كَذَبَكَ الحَجُّ signifies The performance of the pilgrimage is possible, or practicable, to thee: therefore [it means] Perform thou the pilgrimage. (ISh.) b21: Or أَمْكَنَ is its original signification; and the meaning intended is Keep to; as in the ex. كَذَبَ العَتِيقُ. (Aal.) b22: 'Antarah, addressing his wife 'Ableh, says; or, accord. to some, the poet is Khuzaz Ibn-Lowdhán; كَذَبَ العَتِيقُ وَمَآءُ شَنٍّ بَارِدٌ

إِنْ كُنْتِ سَائِلَتِى غَبُوقًا فَاذْهَبِى (TA.) i. e., Keep thou to the eating of dates, and to the cool water of an old, worn-out, skin: if thou ask me for an evening's drink of milk, depart: for I have appropriated the milk to my colt, which is profitable to me, and may preserve me and thee: (L:) العتيق is in the nom. case accord. to the dial. of El-Yemen: but in the acc. accord. to that of Mudar. (TA.) b23: Er-Radee [reading العتيقَ] cites this verse as a proof that كَذَبَ, originally a verb, has become a verbal noun, signifying اِلْزَمْ. (TA.) But he is the only one who asserts it to be a verbal noun. (MF.) b24: Also, Mo'akkir El-Bárikee says, وَذُبْيَانِيَّةٍ أُوْصَتْ بَنِيهَا بِأَنْ كَذَبَ القَرَاطِفُ وَالقُرُوفُ And many a woman of Dhubyán charged her sons by [saying], Keep to the red garments (اكسية), and the bags (or receptacles) of leather tanned with pomegranate-bark. She charged them to take plenty of these two things as spoil from the tribe of Nemir, if they should prevail over them. (Aboo-'Obeyd El-Kásim Ibn-Selám.) b25: كذب is also said to have the same meaning in the words of the trad. كَذَبَ النَّسَّابُونَ [Keep to those skilled in genealogy:] or Regard is to be had to what is said by those skilled in genealogy: another meaning to which is assigned below. (TA.) b26: It sometimes signifies It is incumbent, or obligatory. So in the following: (a trad. of 'Omar: TA:) كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الحَجُّ كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ العُمْرَةُ كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الجِهَادُ ثلَاثَةُ

أَسْفَارٍ كَذَبْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ [The performance of the pilgrimage is incumbent on you: the performance of (the rites called) العمرة is incumbent on you: warring (for the sake of religion) is incumbent on you: three expeditions are incumbent on you]: (S, * K:) or كذب, here, is from كَذَبَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ, “ his soul made him to desire things, and to conceive hopes, that could scarcely come to pass; ” and the meaning is let [the expectation of the reward which will follow] the performance of the pilgrimage render thee active, or brisk, and animate thee, instigate thee, or incite thee, to the act: [and so of the rest of the trad.: but here I should observe, that, for لِيَكْذِبَكَ and لِيُنَشِّطَكَ and يَبْعَثَكَ, in the CK, we should read لِيَكْذِبْكَ &c.:] (K:) b27: or, as ISk says, كذب, here, seems to denote instigation, or incitement, meaning عَلَيْكُمْ بِهِ keep ye to it; and is an extr. word with respect to analogy: (S:) b28: accord. to Akh., الحجّ is governed in the nom. case by كذب; but as to the meaning, it is in the acc.; because the meaning is a command to perform the pilgrimage; as when you say, أَمْكَنَكَ الصَّيْدُ [“ the game hath become within thy power, or reach ”], meaning “ shoot it, ” or “ cast at it: ” (S:) he who puts الحجّ in the acc. case, [agreeably with one relation of the trad., TA,] makes عليك [or عليكم] a verbal noun; and in كذب is [implied] the pronoun which refers to الحجّ [and which is the agent of the verb]; (K;) or the agent is implied in كذب, and explained by what follows it; (Sb;) [so that] the meaning is كَذَبَ الحَجُّ عَلَيْكُمُ الحَجَّ: (Z:) or, [as shown above,] كذب is a verbal n., meaning الْزَمْ, and الحجّ is in the acc. case as governed by it: (Er-Radee:) though its being in the acc. case, accord. to some, is altogether unknown: (TA:) b29: [or the meaning is as stated before on the authority of ISh.:] b30: or the trad. means كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ الحَجُّ إِنْ ذُكِرَ

أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ كَافٍ هَادِمٍ لِمَا قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ [(the relinguisher of) the pilgrimage hath erred to thee if it have been spoken of (by him) as not sufficient, (and as not) abolishing the sins, or offences, (committed) before it: agreeably with the explanation by IAmb, given above]. (K.) b31: كَذَبَ He said what was false unintentionally; committed a mistake, or error. The verb is used in this sense by the people of El-Hijáz, and the rest of the Arabs have followed them in so using it. (Towsheeh.) A2: كَذَبَ is also said to signify He spoke truth; so as to bear two contr. meanings: and thus, كَذَبَ النَّسَّابُونَ may signify Those skilled in genealogy have spoken truth: but another explanation of this saying is given in this art. (MF, &c.) A3: كَذَبَتْ عَفَّاقَتُكَ [and the like] Thou brokest wind. (S in art. عفق.) 2 كذّبه, inf. n. تَكْذِيبٌ, (and كِذَّابٌ, TA, and تَكْذِبَةٌ [like تَجْرِبَةٌ &c.], occurring in the TA, voce لَهَبَةٌ, &c.) He made, or pronounced, him a liar; an utterer of falsehood; or a sayer of what was untrue: (K:) he attributed, or ascribed, to him lying, untruth, mendacity, or the speaking untruth: (Msb:) and (Msb) [accused him of lying:] he gave him the lie; said to him, “ Thou hast lied, ” &c. (S, Msb.) See also 4. b2: كذّب بِالأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَكْذِيبٌ and كِذَّابٌ (K: the latter inf. n. of the dial. of El-Yemen: Ks, Fr) and كِذَابٌ, (TA,) He rejected, disallowed, denied, disacknowledged, disbelieved in, or discredited, the thing; syn. أَنْكَرَهُ; (K;) as also كذّبهُ, and ↓ كَذَبَهُ. (Jel, liii. 11.) Ex. وَكَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا كِذَّابًا [And they rejected our signs, with rejection: Kur, lxxviii. 28]. (S.) And كَذَّبَ الفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى, and ↓ كَذَبَ: see art. فأد, and see 1. b3: كذّب عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) He repelled from him, [or defended him]; syn. رَدَّ عَنْهُ; namely, a man. (K.) [See exs. voce عوّى, in art. عو.]

A2: حَمَلَ فَمَا كَذّب, inf. n. تَكْذِيبٌ, (tropical:) He charged, and was not cowardly, (S, K,) and did not retreat. (TA.) حَمَلَ ثُمَّ كذّب He charge, and then was cowardly, or did not charge with earnestness, or sincerity: (S:) b2: or falsified the opinion formed of him: or made a false charge. (A.) كذّب عَنَ قِرْنِهِ He charged, and then retreated from his adversary. (Sh.) كذّب القِتَالَ He was cowardly in fight. التَّكْذِيبُ in fighting is the contr. of الصِّدْقُ. (TA.) b3: كذّب السَّيْرَ [He slackened his pace, or became slow, after giving promise of being quick;] he did not proceed in his journey with energy. (TA.) b4: مَا كَذَّبَ أَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا (so in the TA, and in a MS. copy of the K: in the CK, and in two copies of the S, مَا كَذَبَ:) (tropical:) He did not delay to do so: (S, K:) he was not cowardly and weak, and did not delay to do so. (TA.) A3: كذّب عَنْ أَمْرٍ قَدْ أَرَادَهُ (tropical:) He abstained, or desisted, or drew back by reason of fear, from a thing that he had desired to do. (K.) b2: كذّب (and ↓ كَذَبَ, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He (a wild beast) took a run, and then stopped to see what was behind him, (K,) whether he were pursued or not. (TA.) 3 كَاذَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُكَاذَبَةٌ and كِذَابٌ, I lied, &c., to him, and he to me. (K, * TA.) 4 اكذبهُ He found him a liar; an utterer of falsehood; or a sayer of what was untrue: (S, K:) or he said to him, “ Thou hast lied ”: &c.: (TA:) or this verb bears the former of these two significations, and ↓ كذّبه signifies the latter: (S:) or اكذبه signifies he shewed him that he had told a lie, &c.: (Zj:) or اكذبه signifies he announced that he had told, or related, a lie, &c.: and ↓ كذّبه, he announced his being a liar, &c.: (Ks, S:) or اكذبه and ↓ كذّبه are syn.: but the former sometimes signifies he incited, urged, or induced, him to lie, &c. (a signification assigned to it in the K): and sometimes, he made manifest, or proved, his lying, &c. (a signification also assigned to it in the K): and he found him a liar, &c. (Th, S, * TA.) A2: اكذب, inf. n. إِكْذَابٌ, (tropical:) He, being called to, or shouted to, remained silent, feigning to be asleep. (AA, K.) 5 تكدّب He affected lying: or he lied purposely (تَكَلَّفَ الكَذِبَ). (S, K.) He told a lie; [like كَذَب.] (MA, KL.) [See also an instance in which it is trans., meaning He spoke falsely, voce تزعّم.] b2: تكذّبهُ, (K,) and تكذّب عَلَيْهِ, (TA,) He asserted that he was a liar. (K.) Aboo-Bekr Es-Siddeek says, رَسُولٌ أَتَاهُمْ صَادِقًا فَتَكَذَّبُوا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا لَسْتَ فِينَا بِمَا كِثِ

[An apostle came to them, speaking truth; but they brought a charge of lying against him, or asserted him to be a liar, and said, Thou shalt not stay among us]. (TA.) 6 تكاذبوا They lied, &c., one to another. (S.) See also تَصَادَقَا.

كَذْبٌ and كَذِبٌ and كَذَبٌ and كُذْبٌ i. q. كَدْبٌ &c. (K, art. كدب.) كَذِبٌ and ↓ أُكْذُوبَةٌ [pl. أَكَاذِيبُ] (S, K) and ↓ كُذْبَى and ↓ مَكْذُوبٌ (K: this last a pass. part. n. used in the sense of an inf. n., as is said to be done in only four other instances: MF) and ↓ مَكْذُوبَةٌ (S, K: a fem. pass. part. n. which is less used in this manner than a masc.: TA [or perhaps an inf. n., as its contr. مَصْدُوقَةٌ is said to be:]) and ↓ مَكْذَبَةٌ (K: a meemee inf. n. agreeable with analogy: TA) and ↓ مُكْذُبَةٌ (CK: omitted in a MS. copy, and in the TA) and ↓ كَاذِبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ كُذْبَانٌ and ↓ كُذَّابٌ (K) and ↓ تَكْذَابٌ (L, art. مسح,) are synonymous: (S, K) [all of these are regarded by some as inf. ns., signifying The act of lying; uttering a falsehood; or saying what is untrue: by others, all but the first seem to be regarded as simple substantives, signifying a lie; a falsehood; an untruth; a fiction; a fable: and the first, being an inf. n., is often used as a subst.] b2: إِنَّ بَنِى

↓ نُمَيْرٍ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مَكْذُوبَةٌ [Verily no lying, or lie, is attributable to the sons of Numeyr] is related as a phrase of the Arabs. (Fr.) b3: إِنَّ بَنِى فُلَانٍ

↓ لَيْسَ لِحَدِّهِمٌ مَكْذُوبَةٌ; i. e., كَذِبٌ; [Verily no falsity is attributable to the valour of the sons of such a one]. (S.) b4: ↓ لَيْسَ لِوَقْعَتِهَا كَاذِبَةٌ [Kur lvi. 2,] signifies There shall be no rejecting its happening [as a falsity]: كاذبة being here an inf. n.: (Fr) or كاذبة is here a subst. put in the place of an inf. n., like عَاقِبَةٌ and عَافِيةٌ and بَاقِيَةٌ. (S.) b5: ↓ لَا مُكْذَبَةَ, and ↓ لا كُذْبَى, and ↓ لا كُذْبَانَ, I do not accuse thee of lying; or make thee a liar: (TA:) [and in like manner] لَا كُذْبَ لَكَ, and لا كُذْبَى لَكَ, signify لا تَكْذِيبَ There is no accusing thee of lying; or making thee a liar. (Lb.) b6: الشِّعْرِ ↓ تَكَاذِيبُ [The lies of poetry]. (TA.) b7: جَاؤُوا عَلَى قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ, [Kur xii. 18, They brought, upon his shirt, false blood]: كذب here means ↓ مَكْذُوبٍ: (Fr and Abu-l- 'Abbás:) or is for ذِى كَذِبٍ, meaning مَكْذُوبٍ فِيهِ: (Zj:) or the blood is termed كذب because he (Jacob) was told a lie thereby. (Akh.) See another reading in art. كدب.

كُذْبَى: see كَذِبٌ.

كَذْبَانٌ: see كَاذِبٌ.

كُذْبَانٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

الكَذُوبُ and الكَذُوبَةُ (tropical:) Names of the soul. (Az, K.) See 1. b2: صَدَقَتْهُ الكَدُوبُ, [The soul (i. e. his soul) told him truth:] the soul diverted him, or hindered him, or held him back, from an undertaking, causing him to imagine himself unable to prosecute it. (TA.) One says so of a man who threatens another, and then belies himself, and is cowardly and weak. (AA.) Fr cites this hemistich: حَتَّى إِذَا مَا صَدَقَتْهُ كُذُبُهْ Until, when his souls told him the truth, or diverted him, &c.: the poet assigning souls to the person spoken of because of the several opinions of the soul. (TA.) كَذَّابٌ: see كَاذِبٌ.

كُذَّابٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

كَذَّابَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A piece of cloth that is dyed of various colours, or figured, as though it were embroidered, and stuck to the ceiling of a chamber: so called because one would imagine that it [meaning what is figured] is upon the ceiling, whereas it is upon a piece of cloth beneath the ceiling. (A, L.) كَاذِبٌ and ↓ كَذَّابٌ (fem. with ة, TA,) and ↓ كَذُوبٌ and ↓ كُذَبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَذُوبَةٌ and ↓ تِكِذَّابٌ (like تِصِدَّاقٌ, TA) and ↓ كَذْبَانٌ (K) and ↓ كَيْذُبَانٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَيْذَبَانٌ (Az, K) and ↓ مَكْذَبَانٌ and ↓ مَكْذَبَانَةٌ and ↓ كُذُبْذُبٌ and ↓ كُذُّبْذُبٌ (S, K; neither of which last two words has its like in measure, IJ) and ↓ كُذُبْذُبَانٌ (K) epithets, applied to a man, from كَذَبَ “ he lied, &c.: ” (S, K, &c.:) [the first word a simple epithet, signifying Lying, &c.; or a liar: each of the others an intensive epithet, signifying Lying, &c., much; mendacious; or a great, or habitual, liar]. Pl. of the first word [كَاذِبُونَ and] كُذَّبٌ; and of the third, كُذُبٌ: (S:) or, accord. to some, the last is pl. of كَاذِبٌ, contr. to analogy; or pl. of كِذَابٌ, which is an inf. n. used as an intensive epithet. (MF.) b2: See كَذِبٌ b3: نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ, [in the Kur xcvi. 16,] signifies ناصيةٍ كاذبةٍ صَاحِبُهَا [By] a forelock whose owner is a liar. (TA.) b4: Of the same kind is the expression ↓ رُؤْيَا كَذُوبٌ, meaning رؤيا صَاحِبُهَا كَاذِبٌ [A dream whereof the dreamer finds it to be false, or vain; i. e. a false, or vain, dream]. (TA.) [See also a verse cited voce خَيَالٌ.] b5: قَدْ يَصْدُقُ ↓ إِنَّ الكَذُوبَ [Verily the habitual liar in some few instances speaks truth]. A proverb. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ كَاذِبٌ, and ↓ مُكَذِّبٌ, (tropical:) A she-camel that, being covered by the stallion, raises her tail, and then returns without conceiving. (En-Nadr, K.) b7: حَمْلَةٌ كَاذِبَةٌ, and ↓ مَكْذُوبَةٌ [لَهَا? (see مَصْدُوقَةٌ),] (tropical:) A charge that is followed up with cowardice and retreating. (TA.) A2: الكَذَّابَانِ An epithet applied to Museylimeh El-Hanafee and El-Aswad El-'Ansee. (K.) [Each of them is called الكذّاب.]

أَكْذَبُ [More and most, lying, or mendacious]: see an ex. voce سُهَيْلَة.

أُكْذُوبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

تَكْذَابٌ and تَكَاذِيبُ: see كَذِبٌ.

مَكْذَبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

مُكْذُبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

مَكْذُوبٌ: see كَذِبٌ b2: [One to whom a lie, falsehood, or untruth, is told: see كُذِبَ.] Ex.

كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِطَوَالِ العَيْشِ مَكْذُوبُ Every man, in respect of the length of life, is lied to [by his own soul]. A proverb. (Meyd, &c.) b3: قَوْلٌ مَكْذُوبٌ [originally مَكْذُوبٌ فِيهِ] A false saying, or lie; [lit.] a saying in which a falsehood, or lie, is told. (M, TA, voce مَقْتُوتٌ.) مَكْذُوبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

A2: A weak woman. (IAar, K.) b2: A virtuous woman. (TA.) مَكَاذِبُ [signifying lies, falsehoods, or untruths,] is said to be a word that has no proper sing.: or it is pl. of كَذِبٌ, contr. to analogy: or its sing. is مَكْذَبٌ: like as is said of مَحَاسِنُ and مَذَاكِرُ

&c. (MF.)

كلب

1 كَلِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. كَلَبٌ, He (a dog) was seized with madness, in consequence of eating human flesh. (K.) See also كَلَبٌ and كَلِبٌ. b2: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, He (a man) was seized with madness like that of dogs, in consequence of his having been bitten by a [mad] dog; [was seized with hydrophobia]. (K.) So also a camel. (S, K.) See also كَلَبٌ and كَلِبٌ. b3: كُلِبَ, like عَنِىَ, [i. e., pass. in form, but neut. in signification,] He lost his reason by the kind of madness termed كَلَب. (K.) See كَلَابٌ. b4: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was angry (K) عَلَيْهِ with him; and thus resembled one afflicted with the disease called كَلَب. (TA.) b5: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was light-witted; weak and stupid, or foolish; ignorant; deficient in intellect: syn. سَفِهَ: (K:) and thus resembled one afflicted with the disease called كَلَب. (TA.) b6: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (assumed tropical:) He thirsted. (K.) From كَلِبَ signifying “ he was seized with the disease of dogs, and died of thirst: ” for the person afflicted with this disease thirsts, and when he sees water, is frightened at it. (TA.) b7: كَلِبَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ, (TA,) inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (tropical:) He was eager for, or desired with avidity, a thing. (K, TA.) b8: In like manner, النَّاسُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ ↓ تَكَالَبَ (tropical:) The people were eager for the thing, as though they were dogs. b9: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (tropical:) He ate voraciously, without becoming satiated. (K.) b10: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, He (a person bitten by a mad dog) cried out, [or barked]. (K.) b11: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ; (so accord. to the TA; but accord. to some copies of the K, كَلَبَ;) and ↓ استكلب; He (a dog) had the habit of eating men. (TA.) b12: كَلَبَ, aor. ـِ (K: but in some copies, كَلِبَ, aor. ـَ [which is evidently the right reading;]) and ↓ استكلب; He (a man in a desert place, TA,) barked, in order that dogs might hear him and bark, and that one might be guided thereby to him [to receive or direct him]. (K.) b13: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ and مَكْلَبَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He performed the office of a pimp. (As, IAar, K.) [This office seems to be thus compared with that which a dog performs, in inviting travellers, by his bark, to enjoy his master's hospitality.] b14: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (a tree), not having sufficient watering, had rough leaves, without losing their moisture, so that they caught to the garments of those who passed by, thus annoying them like a dog. (ADk, K. *) b15: كَلِبَ (assumed tropical:) It (a tree) became stripped of its leaves, and rugged, or scabrous, so that it caught to men's garments, and annoyed the persons passing by, like a dog. (TA.) A2: كَلَبَ المَزادَةٌ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. كَلْبٌ, TA,) He inserted a strap, thong, or strip of leather, (كَلْب,) between the two edges of the مزادة, in sewing them: (S:) or الكَلْبُ is the action of a woman who sews a skin, when, finding the thong too short, she inserts into the hole a double thong, and puts through it [i. e. through the loop thus formed] the end of the deficient thong, and then makes it to come out [on the other side of the skin, by pulling the loop through]. (IDrd.) See كُلْبَةٌ. b2: كَلَبَتِ السَّيْرِ aor. ـُ inf. n. كَلْبٌ, She (a female sewer of skins or the like), finding the thong [with which she was sewing] too short, doubled a thong, through which she put the end of the deficient thong [in order to draw it through]: (TA:) or كَلَبَ السَّيْرَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, signifies he sewed the thong, or strip of leather, between two other thongs, or strips. (IAar.) A3: كَلِبَ عَلَيْهِ القِدُّ (tropical:) The strap or thong of untanned hide pressed painfully upon him, by his being exposed with it to the sun or air, and its drying. (TA.) كَلِبَ عَلَيْهِ الدَّهْرُ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (tropical:) Fortune pressed severely upon him. (TA, from a trad.) See also كَلِيبٌ, and 6. b2: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, (tropical:) It (winter, S, K, cold, &c., S,) became severe, or intense: (S, K:) he (an enemy) pressed hard, or vehemently, upon him. (TA.) A4: كَلِبَ, inf. n. كَلَبٌ, It (a rope) fell between the cheek and wheel of the pulley. (K.) A5: كَلَبَهُ, aor. ـُ He struck him with a كُلَّاب, or spur. (S, K.) كلّب, inf. n. تَكْلِيبٌ, He trained a dog to hunt: and sometimes, he trained a فَهْد, or a bird of prey, to take game. (L.) See the act. part. n.3 كالبهُ, inf. n. مُكَالَبَةٌ (S, K, TA) and كِلَابٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He acted in an evil manner, or injuriously, towards him; or contended against him: (S, K:) he straitened, or distressed, him, (K,) as dogs do, one to another, when set upon each other: (TA:) he acted with open enmity, or hostility, to him: (Msb:) and ↓ تَكَالُبٌ (inf. n. of 6) is syn. with مُكَالَبَةٌ. (S.) A2: كَالَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, (inf. n. مُكَالَبَةٌ, TA,) The camels fed upon كَلَالِيب, i. e., the thorns of trees. (K.) b2: Also sometimes signifying The camels pastured upon dry, or tough, حش [app. a mistake for خَشّ “ what is very rough ”]. (TA.) 4 أَكْلَبَ His camels became affected with the disease called كَلَبٌ; (S, K;) i. e., with a madness like that which arises from the dog. (TA.) 6 تَكَاْلَبَ See 3 and 1. b2: هُمْ يَتَكَالَبُونَ عَلَى كَذَا They leap, or rush, together upon such a thing [in an evil, or injurious, or contentious, manner]. (S.) التَّكَالُبُ is syn. with التَّوَاثُبُ: (S, K:) [and so also, accord. to the CK, is التَّكْلاَبُ, which I suppose to be an intensive inf. n. of كَلِبَ].8 اكتلب He made use of a كُلْبَة, i. e., a thong of leather, &c. in sewing a skin &c. [See كُلْبَة.] (Lh.) 10 إِسْتَكْلَبَ see 1 A2: and see 10 in art. سعل.

كَلْبٌ a word of well-known signification, [The dog:] (S:) or any wounding animal of prey: (L, K, &c.:) but whether birds [of prey] are comprised in this term is a point that requires consideration: (Esh-Shiháb El-Khafájee:) and especially applied to the barking animal [or dog]: (K:) or rather, this is its proper signification; and it admits no other: (MF:) sometimes used as an epithet; as in the ex.

إِمْرَأَةٌ كَلْبَةٌ [A woman like a bitch; a woman who is a bitch]: (S:) pl. [of pauc.] أَكْلُبٌ and (of mult., TA,) كِلَابٌ (S, K) and كَلِيبٌ, which is a rare [form of] pl., like عَبِيدٌ, pl. of عَبْدٌ, [or rather a quasi-pl. n.,] (S,) and (pl. of أَكْلُبٌ, S,) أَكَالِبُ (S, K) and (pl. of كِلَابٌ, TA,) كِلَابَاتٌ (K) and (also pl. of كِلَابٌ) أَكَالِيبُ: (Msb:) كِلَابٌ is also used as a pl. of pauc.; ثَلَاثَةُ كِلَابٍ

being said for ثلاثةٌ مِنَ الكِلَابِ; or كلاب being used in this case for أَكْلُبٍ: (Sb:) كَلِيبٌ and ↓ كَالِبٌ signify a pack, or collected number, of dogs: (K:) [both are quasi-pl. ns. in my opinion, though the former is called a pl. in the S:] accord. to some, the former, if masc., is a quasipl. n. ; and if fem., a pl.: (MF:) the latter is like جَامِلٌ and بَاقِرٌ [which are both quasi-pl. ns.]. (L.) The pl. of كَلْبَةٌ [the fem.] is كِلَابٌ and كَلَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: فُلَانٌ بِوَادِى الكَلْبِ (tropical:) [Such a one is in the valley of the dog:] said of one whom no one cares for, and who has no place of abode or resort, but is like a dog, which one sees ever going forth into the desert. b3: كَفَّ عَنْهُ كِلَابَهُ (tropical:) He left reviling him, and injuring or annoying him: [lit., restrained from him his dogs]. (A.) See also كَلَبٌ. b4: الكِلَابُ على البَقَر ِ, (S, K,) the first word being in the nom. case as an inchoative, (TA,) and الكِلَابَ, (S, K,) put in the acc. case as governed by a verb understood, (TA,) or الكِرَابُ and الكِرَابَ; (Kh, S, art. كرب, K;) of which readings, that of الكلاب is the one generally adopted; (TA;) or they are two distinct proverbs, each having its proper meaning; (Meyd;) the former signifying, [if we read الكِلَابَ,] Send the dogs against the wild oxen: i. e., leave a man and his art: (S, K:) [but accord. to MF, this is the meaning if we read كراب; but if we read كلاب, the signification is, as explained above, “ Send the dogs &c., ” and the proverb is applied on the occasion of instigating one set of people against another set, without caring for what may happen to them:] or it alludes to a man's having little care or solicitude for the state, or case, or affair, of his companion. (A 'Obeyd.) If we read الكلابُ, the meaning is The dogs are upon, or against, the wild oxen: and in like manner, if we read الكرابُ, the meaning is “ The turning over of the soil is the work of the oxen: ” if الكرابَ, “ Leave the turning over of the soil to the oxen. ” (MF, from expositions of the Fs.) b5: [كَلْبٌ كَلِبٌ seems also to signify A fierce, or furious, dog. See عَقَنْبَاةٌ.] b6: كَلْبُ البَرِّ The dog of the desert; i. e. the wolf. (K, voce ذِئْب.) b7: كَلْبٌ is also especially applied to A lion. (K, TA.) b8: The first increase of water in a valley. (Nh, K.) b9: A piece of iron at the head of the pivot, or axis, of a mill. (K.) b10: A piece of wood by which a wall is propped, or supported. (K.) b11: A certain fish (K) in the form of a dog. (TA.) [كَلْبُ البَحْرِ and الكَلْبُ البَحْرِىُّ are appellations now applied to The shark.]

A2: كَلْبٌ A strap, or thong, cut from an untanned skin, and ↓ مُكَلَّبٌ is A man bound with a كَلْب, i. e., with a strap, or thong, cut from an untanned skin. (TA.) A3: The extremity of a hill of the kind called أَكَمَة. (K.) A4: كَلْبٌ (and ↓ كُلَّابٌ, TA,) The nail that is in the hilt of a sword, (S, K,) in which is [fixed] the ذُؤَابَة [or cord or other ligature by which the hilt is occasionally attached to the guard]: (S:) or a nail in the hilt of a sword, with which is another [nail] called العَجُوزُ: (L:) and (so accord. to the K: but accord. to the TA, the [cord or ligature, itself, which is called the] ذؤابة, of a sword. (K.) A5: كَلْبٌ A strap, thong, or strip of leather, (or a red أَحْمَر [probably a mistake for آخَر, another] strap, &c., K,) which is put between the two edges of a skin (S, K) when it is sewed. (S.) A6: كَلْبُ الفَرَسِ The line, or streak, that is in the middle of the horse's back. (S, K.) b2: إِسْتَوَى

عَلَى كَلْبِ فَرَسِهِ He sat firmly upon the line, or streak, in the middle of his horse's back. (S.) b3: كَلْبٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَلَّابٌ (K) An iron at the edge of a camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل: (K:) a bent, or crooked, or hooked, iron, by which the traveller hangs, from the saddle (رحل), his travelling-provisions (S,) and his أَدَاوِى. (TA.) See also فَهْدٌ. b4: كَلْبٌ Anything with which a thing is made firm, or fast, or is bound: syn. كُلُّمَا وُثِّقَ بِهِ شَىْءٌ, (as in some copies of the K,) or أُوثِقَ (as in others): so called because it holds fast a thing like a dog. (TA.) b5: كَلْبٌ i. q. شَعِيرَةٌ [app. meaning the شعيرة of the handle of a knife &c.]. (S.) b6: لِسَانُ الكَلْبِ A certain plant; (K;) [cynoglossum, or dog's tongue]. b7: كَفُّ الكَلْبِ A certain spreading herb, (K,) which grows in the plain low tracts of Nejd; thus called when it has dried, in which case it is likened to the paw of a dog; but while it continues green, it is called كفت. (TA.) b8: أُمُّ كَلْبٍ A certain small thorny tree, (K,) which grows in rugged ground, and upon the mountains, having yellow leaves, and rough; when it is put in motion, it diffuses a most fetid and foul smell: so called because of its thorns, or because it stinks like a dog when rain falls upon him. (TA.) A7: أُمُّ كَلْبَةَ Fever. (K.) So called because it keeps to a man with much tenacity, like a dog. (TA.) b2: لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ اسْتَ الكَلْبَةِ, a prov.: see اِسْتٌ in art. سته.

A8: الكَلْبُ الأَكْبَرُ The constellation of Canis Major: and its principal star, Sirius. (El-Kazweenee &c.) b2: الكَلْبُ الأَصْغَرُ, also called الكلب المُتَقَدِّمُ, The constellation of Canis Minor: and its principal star, Procyon. (El-Kazweenee &c.) b3: الكَلْبُ [or كَلْبُ الرَّاعِى] A certain star, over against الدَّلْوُ (q. v.), [which is] below; in the path of which is a red star, called الرَّاعِى: (TA:) كلب الراعى is a name given to a star between the feet, or legs, of Cepheus; and الرعى, to that which is upon his left foot, or leg; (El-Kazweenee;) [app., from their longitudes, the same two stars to which the above quotation from the TA relates: but the same two names are also given to two other stars.] b4: كلب الرعى is [likewise] a name given to The star which is on, or in, the head of Hercules; [for الحاوى, an evident mistake in my MS. of El-Kazweenee, I read الجَاثِى;] that in the head of Ophiuchus (الحَوَّاءُ) being called الراعى. (El-Kazweenee.) b5: [الكَلْبَانِ, accord. to Freytag, A name of the two stars υ and κ which belong to Taurus: but accord. to my MS. of El-Kazweenee, the two stars that are near together on the ears of Taurus are called الكُلْيَتَانِ.] b6: كِلَابُ الشِّتَاءِ The stars, or asterisms, of the beginning of winter; namely, الذِّرَاعُ and المَّثْرَةُ and الطَّرْفُ and الجَبْهَةُ [the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th, of the Mansions of the Moon: so called because they set aurorally in the winter: the first so set, about the period of the commencement of the era of the Flight, in central Arabia, on the 3rd of January: see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل]. (TA.) كَلَبٌ (S, K) and ↓ كُلَابٌ (Lth) Madness which affects a dog in consequence of eating human flesh. (K.) b2: Also, Madness like that of dogs, which affects a man in consequence of his having been bitten by a [mad] dog: (K:) [a disorder] resembling madness, or diobolical possession: (S:) a disease that befalls a man from the bite of a mad dog, occasioning what resembles madness, or diabolical possession, so that whomsoever he bites, that person also becomes in like manner affected, abstaining from drinking water until he dies of thirst: the Arabs concur in the assertion that its cure is a drop of the blood of a king, mixed with water, and given to the patient to drink. (TA.) Accord. to El-Mufaddal, it originates from a disease which befalls the standing corn &c., and which is not removed until the sun rises upon it: if cattle eat of it before that, they die: wherefore Mohammad forbade pasturing by night: but sometimes a camel runs away, and eats of such pasture before sunrise, and dies in consequence: then a dog comes, and eats of its flesh, and becomes mad; and if it bite a man, he also becomes mad, and when he hears the barking of a dog, answers it [by barking]. (TA.) b3: دِمَاءُ المُلُوكِ أَشْفَى مِنَ الكَلَبِ [The blood of kings has cured of canine madness]: or, accord. to another reading, دِمَاءُ المُلُوكِ شِفَاءُ الكَلَبِ [The blood of kings is the cure for canine madness]. A proverb, explained by what is quoted from Lh, voce كَلِبٌ. But some reject this explanation, and assert the meaning to be, that, when a man is enraged [by desire of obtaining revenge], and takes his blood revenge, the blood is the cure of his rage, though not really drunk. (TA.) See also كَلِبٌ and كَلِبَ. b4: [Also كَلَبٌ A madness like that of the dog, affecting camels. (See 4.)]

b5: كَلَبٌ and ↓ كُلْبَةٌ (tropical:) Vehemence; severity; pressure; affliction: (K, TA:) severity, or intenseness of cold &c.; like جُلْبَةُ: (S:) severity and sharpness of winter: (K, for the former word; and TA, for the latter) also the latter, accord. to the TA, [and the former also, as appears from its verb,] severity, or pressure, of him or fortune, and of everything: (TA:) and the latter, straitness, or difficulty, (K,) of life: (TA:) and drought: (K:) or distress arising from drought or from government &c. (AHn.) b6: دَفَعْتُ عَنْكَ كَلَبَ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) I have averted from thee the evil, or mischief, and injurious conduct, of such a one. (S.) See also كَلْبٌ.

كَلِبٌ A dog or man affected with the disease called كَلَبٌ: (S, TA:) b2: A dog accustomed to eating human flesh, and in consequence seized with what resembles madness, or diabolical possession, so that when it wounds a man, he also becomes in like manner affected (Lth. S) by the disease called كُلَابٌ, barking like a dog, reading his clothes upon himself. wounding others, and at last dying of thirst, refusing to drink. (Lth.) b3: A man thus affected is termed كَلِبٌ and ↓ كَلِيبٌ: pl. of the former كَلِبُونَ, and of the latter (or of the former accord. to the S) كَلْبَى. (TA.) When a man thus affected bites another, they come to a man of noble rank, and he drops for them some blood from his finger, which they give to drink to the patient, and he becomes cured. (Lh.) See also كَلَبٌ and كَلِبَ. b4: كَلِبٌ A dog habituated to eating men. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) An importunate beggar. (A.) b6: دَهْرٌ كَلِبٌ (tropical:) Fortune that presses severely and injuriously upon its subjects. (TA.) b7: كَلِبٌ A tree of which the leaves are rough, in consequence of its not having sufficient watering, without losing their moisture, so that they catch to the garments of those who pass by, thus annoying them like a dog. (ADk.) كَلْبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A thorny tree, destitute of branches: (K:) so called because it catches to [the garments of] those who pass by it, like a dog: (TA:) a rugged tree, with branches standing out apart, and tough thorns. (TA.) b2: A small thorny plant, of the kind called شِرْس, resembling the شكاعا [or شُكَاعَى, or شُكَاعَة], of the description termed ذُكُور: (TA:) or a certain thorny tree, (K,) of the kind called عِضَاه, having [what is termed]

جراء; (TA;) as also ↓ كَلِبَةٌ. (K.) A2: كَلْبَتاَنِ The implement with which the blacksmith takes hold of hot iron; [his forceps]. (S, K.) b2: حَدِيدَةٌ ذَاتُ كَلْبَتَيْنِ [An iron with two curved ends, forming a forceps]. You also say حَدِيدَتَانِ ذَوَاتَا كلبتين, and حَدَائِدُ ذَوَاتُ كلبتين. (TA.) كُلْبَةٌ The shop of a vintner. (AHn, K.) A2: The hairs that grow upon each side of the fore part of the nose and mouth of a dog or cat: (Z, K:) wrongly explained as signifying the nails of a dog. (Z.) A3: A thong, or a strand (طَاقَة) of the fibres of the palm-tree (لِيف), with which skins and the like are sewed: (K, TA:) [see إِقْتَفَأَ:] or a thong, or [so in the O and in the TA, art. قفأ; but here, in the latter, instead of “ or, ” “ behind, ” which is evidently a mistake;] a strand (طَاقَة) of the fibres of the palm-tree, used in the same manner as the shoe-maker's awl that has, at its head, a perforation ثَقْبٌ [so in the O, in the TA حجر a strange mistranscription: what is meant is doubtless an eye, like that of a needle, and it is by means of an implement with an eye at the end that the operation here described is commonly performed in the present day:] the thong, or the thread, or string, is inserted into the كلبة, which is doubled: thus it enters the place [or hole] of the sewing, and the sewer introduces his hand into the إِدَاوَة [q.v., i. e., the vessel upon which he is employed in working], and stretches the thong of leather, or the thread, or string, (O, L, TA,) in the كلبة. (L, TA.) [See كَلَبَ.]

أَرْضٌ كَلِبَةٌ (tropical:) Land which has not sufficient watering, and of which the plants, in consequence, become dry: (S:) or rugged land, and such as is termed قُفّ, in which there are neither trees nor herbage, and which is not a mountain. (Aboo-Kheyreh.) b2: أَرْضٌ كَلِبَةُ الشَّجَرِ Land upon which the rain called الرَّبِيع does not fall: (TA:) or rugged, dry, land, upon which that rain does not fall, and which does not become soft. (ADk.) b3: See كَلْبَةٌ.

كَلَابٌ [perhaps inf. n. of كُلِبَ] The departure of reason by the kind of madness termed كَلَب. (K.) كُلَابٌ: see كَلَبٌ.

كَلِيبٌ: see كَلْبٌ and كَلِبٌ. b2: Respecting this word in the following verse of TaäbbataSharran, إِذَا الحَرْبُ أَوْلَتْكَ الكَلِيبَ فَوَلِّهَا كَلِيبَكَ وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهَا سَوْفَ تَنْجَلِى

[When war sets over thee &c.] there are two opinions: one, that by كليب is meant مُكَالِب (see 2): the other, that it is an inf. n. of كَلِبَتِ الحَرْبُ [“ The war became vehement, severe, or fierce ”]: the former is the more valid. (IM.) كَلَّابٌ: see كَلْبٌ and مُكَلِّبٌ.

كُلَّابٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَلُّوبٌ (K) A spur; (S, K;) the iron instrument that is in the boot of him who breaks in a horse. (S.) b2: كُلَّابٌ and ↓ كَلُّوبٌ (and ↓ كُلُّوبٌ, MF, art. سبح q. v.,) [A flesh-hook;] an iron implement with which meat is taken out of the cooking-pot: pl. كَلَالِيبُ: (S:) an iron flesh-hook, with prongs: (R, which gives this as the explanation of the latter word:) a hooked iron; like خُطَّاف: (Fr. &c.) a piece of wood at the head of which is a hook, ('Eyn,) of the same or of iron: (T:) an iron instrument for roasting flesh-meat: syn. سَفُّود. (Lh.) See كَلْبٌ. b3: كَلَالِيبُ (tropical:) The talons of a falcon: (K:) pl. of كَلُّوبٌ. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) The thorns of a tree. (K.) كُلُّوبٌ and كَلُّوبٌ: see كُلَّابٌ.

كَلْتَبَانٌ A pimp: from كَلِبَ, q. v., (As, IAar, K) Sb, however, does not mention the measure فَعْتَلَانٌ. ISd thinks it most probable that كَلِبَ is a triliteral-radical, and كلتبان a quadriliteralradical [or rather a quasi-quadriliteral-radical], like زَرِمَ and إِزْرَأَمّ &c. (L.) See also قَرْطَبَانٌ and قَلْتَبَانٌ, and art. كلتب.

كَالِبٌ: see كَلْبٌ, and مُكَلِّبٌ.

تِكِلَّابَةٌ A clamourous, very noisy, very garrulous, woman, of evil disposition. (TA, voce جَلَّابَة.) مُكَلَّبٌ A dog trained and accustomed to hunt. (L.) See the verb.

A2: A captive, or prisoner, (S,) having the feet shackled, or bound; (S, K;) i. q. مُكَبَّلٌ, from which it is formed by transposition, (S,) accord. to some. (TA.) مُكَلِّبٌ One who trains dogs to hunt; (S, K;) as also ↓ كَلَّابٌ: and sometimes signifying one who trains the فَهْد, and birds of prey, to take game: see Kur v. 6: one who possesses dogs trained to hunt, and hunts with them; (L;) as also ↓ كَالِبٌ, pl. كُلَّابٌ: (R:) or كَالِبٌ and كَلَّابٌ (S, L, K) signify an owner, or a possessor, of dogs; (L, K;) the former being similar to تَامِرٌ &c. (S.) مُتَكَالِبٌ an appellation given by the people of El-Yemen to (tropical:) A deputy, or an agent; because of his acting injuriously, or contentiously, towards them over whom he is appointed as such. (TA.)

خطر

1 خَطَرَ بِذَنَبِهِ, (S, A, Mgh, K, TA,) aor. ـِ [in the CK, erroneously, خَطُرَ,] inf. n. خَطْرٌ and خَطَرَانٌ (S, Mgh, K) and خَطِيرٌ, (JK, K,) He (a camel, S, Mgh, or a stallion [camel], A, K) raised his tail time after time, and struck his thighs with it: (S:) or lashed with it to the right and left: (K:) or moved about his tail: (A, * Mgh, TA:) the stallion does so in threatening, through pride; (T, TA;) or in fighting with others, as though threatening; (A;) or by reason of emaciation occasioned by severe drought; or by reason of sprightliness: but a she-camel, to inform the stallion that she has become pregnant. (TA.) You say also, غَطَرَ بذنبه, aor. ـِ the غ being a substitute for the خ: (TA:) or each form may be original; but the latter is the less used. (IJ, TA.) b2: [Hence,] خَطَرَ بِرْمْحِهِ, (A, * K,) and بِسَيْفِهِ, (K,) and بِقَضِيبِهِ, and بِسَوْطِهِ, (TA,) inf. n. خَطَرَانٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He moved his spear up and down, and his sword, (K, TA,) and his rod, and his whip. (TA.) A man does so with the spear when he walks between the two [opposing] ranks. (A.) b3: And خَطَرَ بِيَدِهِ فِى مَشْيِهِ (tropical:) [He moved his arm up and down in his walking]. (A.) And خَطَرَ فِى مِشْيَتِهِ, (K,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. خَطَرَانٌ (K) and خَطِيرٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He moved his arms up and down in his mode of walking, (K, TA,) inclining his body from side to side at the same time. (TA.) And خَطَرَ, aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. خَطَرَانٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) shook himself in walking; (S;) and walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (S, TA.) الجُنْدُ يَخْطِرُونَ حَوْلَ قَائِدِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) [The troops strut around their leader] is said when they show their energy to their leader; and in like manner, when they assemble and equip themselves in war. (TA.) b4: And خَطَرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. خَطْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) raised his arm, or hand, with a stone which he lifted for the purpose of trying his strength, to cast, or throw, and shook the stone in lifting it. (TA.) b5: And خَطَرَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ إِلَى السَّمَآءِ (tropical:) He moved his finger, [or raised it towards the sky,] in supplication. (A.) [This one does in the ordinary prayers, in uttering the profession of belief in the unity of God; raising the first finger only (of the right hand, which is placed on the thigh, while sitting on the left foot), and not the hand itself.]

b6: And خَطَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. خَطَرَانٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) It (a spear) quivered, vibrated, or shook: (S, K:) or moved up and down previously to a thrusting with it. (S.) b7: خَطَرَ بِبَالِى, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and عَلَى بَالِى, (JK, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, ISd, IKtt, Mgh, K) and خَطِرَ, (ISd, IKtt, K,) inf. n. خُطُورٌ, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) or خَطَرٌ, (Msb,) and خَطَرَانٌ, (JK,) or this last is a mistranscription, (Mgh,) (tropical:) It bestirred itself in my mind: (A: [see خَاطِرٌ:]) or it moved my mind: (Msb:) or it occurred to my mind [absolutely, or] after I had forgotten it. (K.) b8: خَطَرَ الشَّيْطَانُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَلْبِهِ (assumed tropical:) The devil put vain suggestions into his mind. (TA.) خَطَرَ الدَّهْرُ خَطَرَانَهُ, (S,) or مِنْ خَطَرَانِهِ, (TA,) (tropical:) [Fortune, or time, produced, or brought to pass, its events, or among its events such and such things]: a phrase like ضَربَ الدَّهْرُ ضَرَبَانَهُ, (S,) or مِنْ ضَرَبَانِهِ. (T, A. [See art. ضرب.]) A2: خَطُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. خُطُورَةٌ, (S, K,) or خَطَرٌ, (Msb,) (tropical:) He (a man, S &c.) was, or became, eminent, noble, or of high rank, (Msb, K,) or characterized by rank or station. (S, A.) And خَطَرَ, [or this is probably a mistranscription for خَطُرَ,] aor. ـُ inf. n. خَطَرٌ and خُطُورٌ, [or, more probably, خُطُورَةٌ,] (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, great in estimation, rank, or dignity, after having been little in respect thereof. (TA.) 2 خطّر, inf. n. تَخْطِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He took, got, or won, a bet, wager, or stake. (L in art. ندب, and TA.) 3 خاطر بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and بِقَوْمِهِ, (A,) inf. n. مُخَاطَرَةٌ; (TK;) and بقومه ↓ اخطر; (A;) He placed himself at the point of, or near to, destruction; perilled, imperilled, endangered, jeoparded, hazarded, or risked, himself; (S, A;) and his people or party: (A:) or خاطر بنفسه signifies he did that in which fear predominated: (Msb:) or he caused himself to be on the brink of destruction or of attaining dominion. (K.) And خاطر بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ He threw himself and his property into destruction. (TA.) And ↓ اخطر لَهُ كَذَا He hazarded, or risked, to him such a thing. (L.) [See also 4, below.] b2: خاظرهُ عَلَى

كَذَا, (S, A,) or عَلَى مَالٍ, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He laid a bet, wager, or stake, with him, (S, * A, Msb,) for such a thing, (S, A,) or for property. (Msb.) [See, again, 4.]4 اخطرهُ اللّٰهُ بِبَالِى, (S, K,) [and عَلَى بَالِى, (see 1,)] (tropical:) God caused it [to bestir itself in my mind: or to move my mind: or] to occur to my mind after I had forgotten it. (K.) A2: See also 3, in two places. b2: اخطرالمَالَ, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِخْطَارٌ, (Msb,) (tropical:) He made the property a stake (S, A, Msb, K) between the parties betting. (S, Msb, K.) And أَخْطَرَ لِى وَأَخْطَرْتُ لَهُ (tropical:) [He laid me a bet and I laid him a bet;] we laid bets, wagers, or stakes, one to another. (K. [See also 3.]) And اخطر المَوْتَ نَفْسَهُ (tropical:) He made his soul a stake to death [by exposing it to be taken by death, like as a stake is taken by one of two parties who have betted]. (TA.) And اخطر [alone] (tropical:) He made himself, or his soul, a stake to his adversary, and sallied forth against him. (K.) b3: أَخْطَرَهُمْ خَطَرًا and اخطر لَهُمْ خَطَرًا (assumed tropical:) He gave them liberally, or freely, a lot, portion, or share, or a compensation, such as contented them. (TA.) b4: اخطرهُ He (God) made him to be characterized by rank, or station. (A.) b5: اخطر فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) Such a one became like in rank, or station, to such a one. (K.) And أُخْطِرْتُ لِفُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) I was made like to such a one in rank, or station. (Lth, TA.) And أُخْطِرَ بِهِ He was made equal. (TA. [See أُنْظِرَ بِهِ.]) 6 تَخَاطَرَتِ الفُحُولُ بِأَذْنَابِهَا [The stallions of the camels lashed with their tails] previously to their attacking one another. (A.) A2: تخاطروا (tropical:) They laid bets, wagers, or stakes, one with another, (K, TA,) عَلَى أَمْرٍ for a thing. (TA.) and تخاطرا عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) They two laid bets, wagers, or stakes, for it. (A.) خَطْرٌ: see خِطْرٌ: A2: and خَطَرٌ, in two places: A3: and خَاطِرٌ.

خِطْرٌ A large number of camels: (S, K:) or forty: (K:) or two hundred; (AHát, K;) and the like of sheep or goats: (TA:) or a thousand thereof: (K:) and more: (TA:) and ↓ خَطْرٌ signifies the same: (K:) pl. أَخْطَارٌ. (S, K.) A2: A certain plant, with which one dyes or tinges, himself or his hair, (S, K,) its leaves being put into black dye: (TA:) it resembles the plant called كَتَم, with which it often grows; and old men dye their hair with it: (AHn:) or [the plant called] وَسْمَة: (K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (AHn, K.) b2: Hence, (S,) (tropical:) Milk mixed with much water: (S, K, TA:) as though it were tinged [with the plant so called]. (TA.) b3: and A branch (K) of a tree: pl. خِطَرَةٌ, which is extr.; or as though the ة were imagined to be elided. (TA.) خَطَرٌ The being at the point of, or near to, destruction; (JK, S, A, Msb, K;) [imminent danger; peril; jeopardy; risk; hazard;] and fear of perishing: (Msb:) pl. أَخْطَارٌ. (A.) Yousay, هُوَ عَلَى خَطَرٍ عَظِيمٍ He is [in a state of great peril, or] on the brink of destruction. (A.) and رَكْبُوا الأَخْطَارَ [They embarked in perilous undertakings; or braved perils]. (A.) [And أَمْرُ لَهُ خَطَرٌ and ذُو خَطَرٍ A perilous affair or event or case: and hence, a momentous, or an important, affair or event or case; an affair, or event,. or a case, of moment or importance or magnitude: see also خَطِيرٌ.] And خَطَرٌ [alone] signifies A thing, or an affair, &c., of great magnitude: and a trial, or an affliction: pl. as above. (Har p. 264.) b2: (tropical:) A bet, wager, stake, or thing wagered; a thing staked at a shooting-match or a race, and taken by the winner: (T, S, * A, * Mgh, * Msb, * K, * TA:) [accord. to the TA, this is the primary signification; but accord. to the A, it is tropical:] pl. as above; (Msb;) or خِطَارٌ; and pl. pl. خُطُرٌ: (K: [but in some copies of the K, the last is written أَخْطَارٌ; and so in the TA, where it is added that some say it is pl. of خَطَرٌ, like as أَسْبَابٌ is of سَبَبٌ, and أَنْدَابٌ of نَدَبٌ:]) خَطَرٌ and سَبَقٌ and نَدَبٌ all signify the same. (TA.) You say, وَضَعُوا خَطَرًا (tropical:) [They laid a bet]. (A.) And أَحْرَزَ فُلَانٌ الخَطَرَ (tropical:) [Such a one won the bet]. (A.) b3: Hence, [app. as being likened to a stake won,] (TA,) (tropical:) Eminence; nobility; as also ↓ خَطْرٌ: (K, TA:) in which sense it has become so much used as to be, in this acceptation, conventionally regarded as proper: (TA:) also excellence: (TA:) and (as also ↓ خَطْرٌ, TA) rank; degree of dignity; station; of a man: (S, A, K, TA:) and highness of rank or account or estimation: and wealth: (TA:) pl. أَخْطَارٌ: (A:) accord. to some, it is only used to signify high rank: but accord. to others, you say, إِنَّهُ لَعَظِيمُ الخَطَرِ (tropical:) [Verily he is of great dignity] with respect to his good actions and his nobility, and صَغِيرُ الخَطَرِ (tropical:) [of little rank] with respect to his evil actions and his ignobleness. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) A lot, or portion, or share. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) A compensation. (TA.) A2: (assumed tropical:) A like, or fellow, (S, K,) in rank or station, (S,) or in eminence; (K;) as also ↓خَطِيرٌ. (S, K.) Yousay, هٰذَا خَطَرٌ لِهٰذَا, and ↓خَطِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) This is like to that. (S.) And الجَنَّةُ لَا خَطَرَ لَهَا (assumed tropical:) Paradise has not its like. (TA.) And ↓فُلَانٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ خَطِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one has not his like or fellow. (TA.) A3: Also [an inf. n. of خَطَرَ in the phrase خَطَرَ بِبَالِى and عَلَى بَالِى, accord. to the Msb And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A vain suggestion of the devil. (JK.) [See خَاطِرٌ.]

خَطِرٌ: see خَاطِرٌ.

خَطْرَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of خَطَرَ: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) A going away; and walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (Har p. 35.) b2: See also خَاطِرٌ. b3: مَا لَقِيتُهُ إِلَا خَطْرَةً (tropical:) [I met him not save] sometime; (A;) or sometimes. (K.) And مَا ذَكَرْتُهُ إِلَّا خَطْرَةً بَعْدَ خَطْرَةٍ (tropical:) [I remembered not, or mentioned not, him, or it, save sometime after sometime; i. e., save] sometimes. (A.) b4: أَصَابَتْهُ خَطْرَةٌ مِنَ الجِنِّ (assumed tropical:) A touch, or stroke, from the jinn, or genii, befell him; or madness, or insanity, [proceeding] from the jinn; syn. مَسٌّ. (K, * TA.) b5: بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ خَطْرَةُ رَحِمٍ (IAar, TA) app. means (assumed tropical:) Between me and him is a tie of relationship. (TA.) b6: رَعَيْنَا خَطَرَاتِ الوَسْمِىِّ (assumed tropical:) We pastured [our beasts] upon the patches of herbage produced by the [rain called] وسمىّ. (K, * TA.) b7: خَطْرَةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A small quantity [or shower] of rain: pl. خِطَارٌ (JK) [and probably خَطَرَاتٌ also]. b8: And one says, ↓لَا جَعَلَهَا اللّٰهُ خَطْرَتَهُ وَلَا جَعَلَهَا آخِرَ مَخْطَرٍ

مِنْهُ [app. referring to rain, and meaning (assumed tropical:) May God not make it to be the only shower, or fall, thereof, or the only time thereof; nor make it to be the last time thereof]; (TA;) آخِرَ مَخْطَرٍ meaning آخِرَ عَهْدٍ. (K, * TA.) خطار: see what next follows.

خَطِيرٌ The falling of a camel's tail between the parts above his thighs, when he moves it about; [see 1, first sentence;] as also ↓خطار. (TA: in which the latter is written without any syll. signs.) A2: A camel's nose-rein; (S, K;) a nose-rein by which a she-camel is led: (Kr:) a rope: (Sh, K:) these, says Meyd, are one and the same thing. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of 'Alee that he said to [ a mistake for “ respecting ”] 'Ammár, جُرُّوا لَهُ الخَطِيرَ مَا انْجَرَّ لَكُمْ [Pull ye his noserein as long as it will be pulled by you]: or, as some relate the saying, مَا جَرَّهُ لَكُمْ [as long as he pulls it to you]: meaning follow him as long as there is ground for doing so: or, accord. to some, as Sh says, act patiently towards 'Ammar as long as he acts patiently towards you: Meyd mentions it as a proverb. (TA.) A3: (tropical:) Eminent; noble; of high rank: (Msb, K, TA:) characterized by rank or station: (S, A:) pl. خُطْرٌ (K) and خَطِيرُونَ. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) Anything excellent. (TA.) You say أَمْرٌ خَطِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) A thing, or an affair, of high account or estimation. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Ignoble; of low rank; (Az, TA;) contemptible. (Az, Msb.) b3: See also خَطَرٌ, in three places.

خَطَّارٌ [is probably applied to a he-camel in a sense like that of the fem., here following].

خَطَّارَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, That lashes with the tail to the right and left: (K:) or that moves about her tail, when going, in a brisk, or sprightly, manner: (A:) or that raises her tail, in going along, by reason of briskness, and exceeding sprightliness. (Har p. 557.) [See 1, first sentence.] b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) A spear that quivers, vibrates, or shakes: (S, A, K:) or that does so much: and in like manner, a man. (TA.) and خَطَّارٌ بِالرُّمْحِ (tropical:) A man who thrusts much with the spear. (S, K, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A man who raises his arm, or hand, (K, TA,) with a stone which he lifts for the purpose of trying his strength, (TA,) to cast, or throw, (K, TA,) and who shakes the stone in lifting it. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A sling. (K.) (assumed tropical:) The [engine of war called] مَنْجَنِيق; (K;) as also ↓ خَطَّارَةٌ: its casting being likened to the action termed خَطَرَانٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v.], of the stallion-camel. (TA.) b5: الخَطَّارُ (assumed tropical:) The lion: (K:) because of his proud walk, and self-admiration: or because of his shaking himself in his walk. (TA.) b6: مِسْكٌ خَطَّارٌ (tropical:) Musk that diffuses much odour or fragrance. (A.) خَطَّارَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

خَاطِرٌ [part. n. of 1, q. v.:] (tropical:) Walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side; (K;) as also ↓ خَطِرٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ خَطْرٌ. (So in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K.) A2: (tropical:) An opinion, or an idea, or object of thought, bestirring itself in the mind; (A and Kull p. 179;) i. q. هَاجِسُ, (M, K,) i. e. a thing coming at random into the mind: (S in art. هجس:) or a cogitation which bestirs itself, or occurs, (يَخْطُرُ,) in the mind, with a view to the end, issue, or result, of a thing: (Msb:) pl. خَوَاطِرُ: (A, K:) [and ↓ خَطْرَةٌ signifies the same; for] خَطَرَاتٌ [which is its pl.] is syn. with خَوَاطِرُ; (A;) [whence the phrase,] خَطَرَاتُ الشَّيَاطِينِ (assumed tropical:) The vain suggestions of the devils. (S and TA in art. همز, &c.) [See also خَطَرٌ, last sentence] b2: Hence it is applied to (assumed tropical:) The mind itself. (Kull p. 179.) مَخْطَرٌ: see خَطْرَةٌ.

بَادِيَةٌ مُخْطِرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A perilous, or dangerous, desert;] as though it made the traveller a stake between safety and perdition. (Msb.) مُخَاطِرٌ [act. part. n. of 3, q. v.:] (assumed tropical:) One who contends with another in shooting or casting [app. for a wager]. (JK, TA.)

مر

أ1 مَرُؤَ الطَّعَامُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. مَرَآءَةٌ, epithet مَرِىْءٌ; and مَرِئَ, (S, K,) and مَرَأَ, aor. ـَ (K;) and ↓ استمرأ; (TA;) The food was, or became, wholesome, or approved in its result: (Z:) or easy to swallow, and wholesome, or approved in its result: (K:) or easy to swallow, not attended by trouble: or quick in digesting. (Z.) It is said in the Keshsháf, on ch. iv., v. 3, of the Kur, that هَنِىْءٌ and مَرِىْءٌ are two epithets from هَنَأَ الطَّعَامُ and مَرَأَ, “the food was easy to swallow; not attended by trouble:” or the former epithet signifies “ pleasant, or productive of enjoyment, to the eater; ” and the latter, “wholesome, or approved in its result: ” or the former, food or drink that is “ not succeeded by harm, even after its digestion;” and the latter, that which is “ quick in digesting. ” (TA.) In conjunction with هَنَأَنِى, one says مَرَأَنِى (هنأنى الطَّعَامُ ومرأنى), (Fr. S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. مَرْءٌ; (Akh, S;) and in conjunction with هَنِئَنِى, مَرِئَنِى; (TA [also mentioned in the S, on the authority of Akh];) and alone, (i. e. not in conjunction with هنأنى or هنئنى,) ↓ أَمْرَأَنِى, (Fr, S, K,) inf. n. إِمْرَآءٌ, (Az,) [It (food) was wholesome to me, &c. (see above):] it was light to my stomach, and descended thence well. (TA.) But مَرَأَنِى also occurs in this sense without هَنَأَنِى. (TA.) b2: مَرِئَ الطَّعَامَ, and ↓ استمرأهُ, [He found the food wholesome, &c.] (S.) (See above.]

الطَّعَامَ ↓ استمرأ, signifies عَدَّهُ مَرِيْئًا. (MA.) b3: مَرَأَ, aor. ـَ He fed; or ate food. (K.) Ex.

مَا لَكَ لَا تَمْرَأُ What aileth thee, that thou dost not eat? (TA.) b4: مَرُؤَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. مَرَاءَةٌ, The land was, or became salubrious, in its air. (K.) b5: مَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ (Az, S, K,) inf. n. مُرُوْءَةٌ, (K,) epithet مَرِىْءٌ, (S, K,) He was, or became, possessed of مُرُوْءَة; (Az, S, K;) sometimes written and pronounced مُرُوَّة; (S;) i. e., manliness; (S, K;) manly perfection; (TA;) consisting in abstinence from things unlawful, or in chastity of manners, and the having some art or trade; (El-Ahnaf;) or in abstaining from doing secretly what one would be ashamed to do openly; (TA;) or in the habit of doing what is approved, and shunning what is held base; (El-Khafájee;) or in preserving the soul from filthy actions, and what disgraces in the estimation of men; or in good manners, and guarding the tongue, and shunning impudence; (TA;) or in a quality of the mind by preserving which a man is made to persevere in good manners and habits: (Msb:) [in a word, virtue; or rather manly virtue or moral goodness.]

A2: مَرَأَ Inivit feminam. (K.) b2: مَرِئَ He became like a woman, in external appearance, or in talk. (K.) 4 هٰذَا يُمْرِئُ الطَّعَامَ [This makes the food wholesome, &c.] (Az.) (See مَرُؤَ.) 5 تمرّأ He affected, or endeavoured to acquire, (تَكَلَّفَ,) manliness, مُرُوْءَة: (Az, S, K:) accord. to some, he became possessed of that quality. (TA.) b2: تمرّأ بِهِمْ He sought to acquire the character of manliness (مُرُوْءَة) by disparaging them and vituperating them. (ISk, S, K.) b3: لَا يَتَمَرَّأْ أَحَدُكُمْ بِالدُّنْيَا (a trad.) [app., Let not any one of you delight himself in the present world]: but accord. to one relation, it is لَا يَتَمَرْأَى, from الرُّؤْيَةُ: [see art. رأى]. (TA.) [See also تَهَنَّأَ.]10 إِسْتَمْرَاَ see 1.

مَرْءٌ and ↓ مُرْءٌ (S, K) and ↓ مِرْءٌ (K) A man, or human being; syn. إِنْسَانٌ: (K:) or a man as opposed to a child or a woman; syn. رَجُلٌ. (S, K.) You say مَرْءٌ in the nom., مَرْءًا in the acc., and مَرْءٍ in the gen., (S,) agreeably with analogy. (TA.) And some say مُرْءٌ in the nom., مَرْءًا in the acc., and مِرْءٍ in the gen.; doubly declining the word. (TA, and some copies of the S.) And ↓ مِرْء is said to be of the dial. of Hudheyl. It is said that no pl. is formed from مرء; but مَرْؤُونَ occurs as its pl. in the following words of a trad.; أَحْسِنُوا أَمْلَاءَكُمْ أَيُّهَا المُرْؤُونَ [Amend your manners, O ye men!]; and in the saying of Ru-beh, أَيْنَ يُرِيدُ المرؤون [Whither do the men desire to go?]. (TA.) It forms a dual; مَرْآنِ: CCC they say هُمَا مِرْآنِ صَالِحَانِ [They are two just men] (S) in the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.) It also forms a dim., مُرَىْءٌ, fem. مُرَيْئَةٌ. (S.) b2: The fem. of مَرْءٌ is مَرْأَةٌ, A woman: [and a wife:] also written and pronounced مَرَةٌ. (S, K.) b3: مرء is also written with the conjunctive ا: you say امْرَأٌ in the nom., امْرَأً in the acc., and امْرَأٍ in the gen.: also, امْرُؤٌ in the nom., امْرُؤًا in the acc., and امْرُؤٍ in the gen.: also, امْرُؤٌ in the nom., امْرَأً in the acc., and امْرِئٍ in the gen.; doubly declining the word. (S, K, TA.) [The last three forms are the most common in classical works: but in ordinary parlance, in the present day, the word is generally pronounced with fet-h to the ر in each case. The final ء is also often written without the ا or و or ى.] Ks and Fr say, that the word is doubly declined, as to the ر and ء, because the final ء is often omitted. (T, TA.) [When the disjunctive ا is substituted for the conjunctive, i. e., when the word is immediately preceded by a quiescence, its vowel is kesr: thus you say اِمْرَأٌ &c.; and thus also in the fem. The name of the famous poet اِمْرَأُ القَيْسِ CCC is commonly pronounced Imra-el- Keys and Imr-el-Keys.] b4: The fem. is امْرَأَةٌ, A woman: [and a wife:] but with ال you say المَرْأَةُ: الاِمْرَأَةُ [which is authorized by the K] is also said to be established by usage; but most of the expositors of the Fs reject this; and those who allow it to be correct judge it of weak authority: IO mentions also امْرَاةٌ, with soft ا after the ر. (TA.) b5: امْرَءٌ is also used in a fem. sense; (S;) though this is extr.: ex. إِنَّهَا لَامْرَءَ صِدْق [Verily she is an excellent woman: see صِدْقٌ]. (TA.) And امْرَأَةٌ is used, in a trad., as signifying a perfect woman: لَقَدْ تَزَوَّجْتَ امْرَأَةً

Indeed thou hast married a perfect woman: like as you say فُلَانٌ رَجُلٌ, meaning “ Such a one is a perfect man. ” (TA.) b6: Also, اِمْرَأٌ or امْرُؤٌ, (S,) or مَرْءٌ, (K,) signifies A wolf: (S, K:) or, as Z and others assert, it is tropical in this sense. Yoo says, that the poet means, by امرؤ, in the following verse, a wolf: وَأَنْتَ امْرُؤٌ تَعْدُو عَلَى كُلِّ غِرَّةٍ

فَتُخْطِئُ فِيهَا مَرَّةً وَتُصِيبُ [And thou art a wolf that assaultest on every occasion of carelessness; and sometimes thou missest therein, and (sometimes) thou attainest thine object]. (TA.) b7: The rel. n. of امْرَءٌ is مَرَئِىٌّ (as in one copy of the S) or مُرَئِىٌّ (as in another copy) and أَمَرِىٌّ. (S, and El-Ashmoonee and others.) [For the last, Golius, from a copy of the S, gives اِمْرَئِىٌّ: and in one copy of the S, I find it written أَمْرَئِىٌّ: but I have not met with any confirmation of either of these two forms.]

مَرَئِىٌّ seems to be formed from مَرْءٌ; but is extr.; the analogous form being مَرْئِىٌّ. (TA.) مَرَأٌ A giving of food on the occasion of building a house, or marrying. (TA.) مَرِىْءٌ [The œsophagus, or gullet of a slaughtered camel, or sheep or goat, (S,) and of a man, (Zj, in his Khalk el-Insán,) the canal through which the food and drink pass; (S, K;) the head of the stomach; (K;) contiguous, (S,) or adherent (K) to the حُلْقُوم [or windpipe]; (S, K;) through which the food and drink pass, and by which they enter: (TA;) pl. [of pauc.] أَمْرِئَةٌ (K) and [of mult.] مُرُؤٌ. (S, K.) It is also written مَرِىٌّ. (TA.) b2: يَأْتِينا فِى مِثْلِ مَرِىْءِ النَّعَامِ [It comes to us as it were through the gullet of the ostrich]: a proverbial expression, from a trad., alluding to paucity of food; the ostrich being particularized because of the slenderness of its neck, whence is inferred the narrowness of its gullet. (TA.) b3: Wholesome, &c. (See مَرُؤَ.) b4: هَنِيْئًا مَرِيْئًا: see art. هنأ and see 1 in the present art. b5: غَيْثٌ مَرِىْءٌ [A rain productive of good result]. (TA.) b6: كَلَأٌ مَرِىْءٌ Wholesome herbage. (K.) b7: أَرْضٌ مَرِيْئَةٌ A land salubrious in its air. (K.) b8: مَرِىْءٌ Manly, &c. (See مَرُؤَ.) مَرَآءَةٌ: see مَرُؤَ.

مُرُوْءَةٌ and مُرُوَّةٌ: see مَرُؤَ امْرَأٌ and امْرَأَةٌ &c: see مَرْءٌ.

مُمْرِئٌ act. part. n. of 4, Wholesome food. (S.) [See 4, and مَرِىءٌ.]

مسح

1 مَسَحَ شَيْئًا, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَسْحٌ; and ↓ مسّحهُ, inf. n تَمْسِيحٌ; He wiped a thing that was wet or dirty, with his hand, or passed his hand over it to remove the wet or dirt that was upon it: (L:) مَسْحٌ and تَمْسِيحٌ and ↓ تَمَسُّحٌ signifying the passing the hand over a thing that is flowing [with water or the like], or dirtied, soiled, or polluted, to remove the fluid or dirt, or soil or pollution; (L, K;) as when one wipes his head with his hand to remove water; and his forehead, to remove sweat. (L.) [It often signifies He stroked a thing with his hand; as, for instance, the Black Stone of the Kaabeh; see below.] b2: مَسَحَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ المَآءِ; and جَبِينَهُ الرَّشَحِ; He wiped his head with his hand to remove the water that was upon it; and his forehead to remove the sweat. (L.) b3: مَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ (S) He wiped with his hand, or passed his hand closely over, his head, or a part thereof, without making any water to flow upon it: so in the Kur, v. 8; where it is said, فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرَافِقِ وَامْسَحُوا بِرُؤُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ

إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ: here أَرْجُلَكُمْ is in the acc. case as an adjunct to ايديكم; [i.e., as a third objective complement to the verb اغسلوا; not as an adjunct to رؤوسكم;] but some read أَرْجُلِكُمْ, putting it in the gen. case because of its proximity to رؤوسكم; (Jel;) [in like manner as خَرِبٍ is put in the gen. case in the phrase هٰذَا جُحْرُ ضَبٍّ خَرِبٍ, an ex. given by many of the grammarians, showing that this is allowable in prose,] notwithstanding that it is said, by Aboo-Is-hák the grammarian, that the putting a noun in the gen. case because of its proximity to a preceding noun in that case is not allowable except in poetry, when necessity requires it: (L:) the head, which is wiped, is mentioned between the arms and the feet, which are washed, to show the order which is to be observed in the purification. (Jel.) But مَسَحَ signifies both he wiped with the hand, and also he washed: so says IAth: (L:) and Az and IKt say the like: (Msb:) you say مَسَحْتُ يَدَىَّ بالمَآءِ, meaning I washed my hands with water. (Az, Msb.) b4: مَسَحَ شَيْئًا بِالمَآءِ He wiped a thing with his hand wetted with water; passed his hand, wetted with water, over a thing. (Msb.) b5: مَسَحَ البَيْت He compassed the House [of God, i.e. the Kaabeh: because he who does so passes his hand over the corner in which is the Black Stone]. (L.) b6: مَسَحَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ مَا بِكَ May God remove that which is in thee! (L;) or, wash and cleanse thee from thy sins! (TA, art. مصح.) A prayer for a sick person. (L, from a trad.) b7: مَسَحَهُ He anointed him or it with oil. (A.) b8: مُسِحَ بِالكَرَمِ, inf. n. مَسْحٌ, (tropical:) He was characterized by somewhat, or by some sign or mark, of nobility. (L.) [See مَسْحَةٌ.] b9: مَسَحَ, inf. n. مَسْحٌ, He combed and dressed hair; syn. مَشَطَ. (K.) b10: مَسْحُ اللُّحِىَ [The stroking of the beards] was a sign of reconciliation. (S, O, in art. عق: see عَقُ بِالسَّهْمِ.) b11: مَسَحَهُ, or مَسَحَهُ بِالمَعْرُوفِ, i. e. بالمعروف مِنَ القَوْلِ, (L,) inf. n. مَسْحٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ مسّحهُ, (L,) inf. n. تَمْسِيحٌ; (L, K;) He spoke to him good words, deceiving, or beguiling, him therein, (L, K,) and giving him nothing. (L.) b12: فُلَانٌ يَمْسَحُ رَأْسَ زَيْدٍ (tropical:) Such a one beguiles, or deceives, Zeyd. (A.) [See also 3.] b13: مَسَحَ, inf. n. مَسْحٌ and تَمْسَاحٌ He lied; uttered what was false. (K.) b14: مَسَحَ فِى الأَرْضِ, inf. n. مُسُوحٌ, He set forth journeying through the land, or earth: (A'Obeyd, K: *) as also مَصَحَ. (TA.) b15: مَسَحَهُمْ (tropical:) He passed lightly by them, or brushed by them, without remaining by them. (L.) b16: مَسِحَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. مَسَحٌ, The inner sides of his (a man's, S) thighs rubbed together, (S, L, K,) so as to become sore and chapped: (L:) or he had the inner side of his knee inflamed by the roughness of his garment. (L, K.) b17: مَسَحَ الإِبِلَ, inf. n. مَسْحٌ (tropical:) He made the camels to journey all the day long: and he made the backs of the camels to be wounded by the saddles, and emaciated them; as also ↓ مَسَّحَهَا, inf. n. تَمْسِيحٌ: (K:) and in the latter sense you say مَسَحَ النَّاقَةَ, and ↓ مسّحها. (TA.) b18: مَسَحَتِ الإِبِلُ يَوْمَهَا (tropical:) The camels journeyed all the day. (S.) مَسَحَتِ الإِبِلُ الأَرْضَ يَوْمَهَا دَأْبًا (tropical:) The camels journeyed all the day laboriously. (TA.) A2: مَسَحَ, (S,) inf. n. مَسْحٌ (K) and مِسَاحَةٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) (tropical:) He measured land. (S, K.) A3: مَسَحَ, inf. n. مَسْحٌ, (tropical:) He cut, or severed: and he struck, or smote: (K:) he severed the neck, and the arm. (TA.) مَسَحَ عُنُقَهُ and بِعُنُقِهِن, aor. ـَ inf. n. مَسْحٌ, He smote his neck: or, as some say, severed it, or cut it through. Agreeably with both these significations مَسْحًا is rendered in the Kur, xxxviii. 32: some say that what is here meant is the wiping with the hand wetted with water: accord. to IAth, Solomon is here said to have smitten the necks and hock-tendons of the horses. (L.) [See art. طفق.] مَسَحَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ He smote him with the sword: (L:) and he cut him with the sword: (S, L:) or مَسَحَهُ signifies he struck him gently with a staff, or stick, and with a sword. (TA in art. دهن.) b2: See 8. b3: Also مَسَحَهُمْ He slew them. (L.) A4: مَسَحَهُ, (inf. n. مَسْحٌ, K,) He (God) created him blessed, (AHeyth, K,) and goodly: (AHeyth:) b2: and, contr., created him accursed, (AHeyth, K,) and foul, or ugly. (AHeyth.) A5: مَسَحَ, (S,) inf. n. مَسْحٌ, (K,) (tropical:) Inivit feminam. (S, K.) 2 مَسَّحَ see 1, in four places.3 ماسحهُ (tropical:) He took him by the hand; applied the palm of his hand to the palm of the other's hand. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) He made a compact, or covenant, with him. (TA.) b3: مَاسَحَا (tropical:) They used blandishing, soothing, or wheedling, words, one to the other, deceiving thereby; (K;) their hearts not being sincere. (TA.) You say غَضِبَ فَمَاسَحْتُهُ حَتَّى لَانَ (tropical:) He was angry, and I coaxed, or wheedled, him until he became gentle, or mild. (TA.) [See also 1.]5 تمسّح بِالمَآءِ He washed himself with water. (A, Z.) b2: تمسّح (tropical:) He performed the ablution called الوُضُوْء. (IAth.) b3: تمسّح بِالأَرْضِ (S, L) (tropical:) He performed the action termed التَّيَمُّم: or he made his forehead to touch the ground in prostration, without anything intervening. (L.) b4: فُلَانٌ يُتَمَسَّحُ بِثَوْبِهِ (tropical:) Such a one has his garment passed over men's persons as a means of their advancing themselves in the favour of God: (L:) [i.e., he is a holy man, from the touch of whose garment a blessing is derived: see St. Matthew's Gospel, ix., 20 and 21]. فُلَانٌ يُتَمَسَّحُ بِهِ (tropical:) Such a one is a person by means of whom one looks for a blessing (بُتَبَرَّكُ بِهِ,) by reason of his excellence, (K,) and his devotion; (TA;) as though one advanced himself in the favour of God by approaching him. (L.) [See also an ex. voce رُكْنٌ.] b5: فُلَانٌ يَتَمَسَّحُ (tropical:) Such a one has nothing with him, or in his possession; as though he wiped his arms with his hands: (K:) [for it is a custom of the Arabs to do thus as an indication of having nothing.] b6: تمسّح He wiped himself, مِنْ شَىْءٍ to remove a thing, and بِشَىْءٍ, with a thing. (L.) [See also 1.]6 تَمَاسَحَا (tropical:) They acted in a friendly or sincere manner, one to the other; syn. تَصَادَقَا: or they made a contract, or bargain, one with the other, and each struck the palm of the other's hand with the palm of his own hand [to confirm it], (K,) and swore to the other. (TA.) b2: تَمَاسَحُوا (tropical:) They took one another by the hand. (TA.) 8 امتسح He drew a sword (K) from its scabbard; as also ↓ مَسَحَ. (TA.) مَسْحٌ i. q. بَلَاسٌ; (S, K;) i.e., A garment of thick, or coarse, hair-cloth: so in the T: and a piece of such stuff as is spread in a house or tent: (TA:) a بلاس such as is worn by monks: (Mgh:) a كِسَآء of hair-cloth: (L:) an old and worn-out garment: (Kull:) pl. أَمْسَاحٌ and مُسُوحٌ; (S;) the former a pl. of pauc., and the latter a pl. of mult. (L.) b2: مِسْحٌ The main part, and middle, of a road; syn. جَادَّةٌ: (K:) pl. أَمْسَاحٌ (TA) and مُسُوحٌ. (K.) مَسَحٌ, a subst., Paucity of flesh in the posteriors and thighs; or smallness of the buttocks, and their sticking together; or paucity of flesh in the thighs; syn. رَسَحٌ. (L.) عَلَى فُلَانٍ مَسْحَةٌ مِنْ جَمَالٍ, (S, K,) or ↓ مِسْحَةٌ, (L,) (tropical:) Upon such a one there appears somewhat of beauty; (L, K;) or, some sign, or mark, or trait, of beauty: (L:) and مسحةُ كَرَمٍ, some sign, or mark, trait, or indication, of nobility; and the like: a mode of expression said, by Sh, to be used only in praise; so that you do not say عَلَيْهِ مسحةُ قُبْحٍ: (L:) but you say also بِهِ مسحةٌ مِنْ هُزَالٍ in him is somewhat, or some sign, or mark, of leanness; (L, K;) which is a phrase of the Arabs mentioned by Az. (L.) b2: مَسْحَةٌ in the cheek of a horse: see صِفَاحٌ.

مِسْحَةٌ: see مَسْحَةٌ.

مَسِيحٌ Anointed: wiped over with some such thing as oil. (K.) b2: A king. (El-'Eynee.) b3: المَسِيحُ [The Messiah, the Christ, the Anointed,] Jesus, on whom be peace ! (S, Msb, K,) [correctly] an arabicized word, [from the Hebrew,] originally مَشِيحَا, with ش: (T, Msb:) but the learned differ as to this word, whether it be Arabic or arabicized: F relates, in the K, his having mentioned, in his Expos. of the Meshárik el-Anwár, fifty opinions respecting the derivation of it; and in another work he has made the number fifty-six. (TA.) b4: Also, (K,) or المَسِيحُ الكَذَّابُ, (S,) or ↓ المِسِّيحُ, (K,) [The Messiah, or Christ, surnamed the Great Liar; the False Christ; Antichrist; also called] EdDejjál, الدَّجَّالُ: (S, K:) it is not allowable, however, to apply to him the appellation المَسِيحُ without restriction; wherefore one says المَسِيحُ الدَّجَّالُ [or الكَذَّابُ]; (TA;) [unless in a case like the following, in which] a poet says إِذَا المَسِيحُ يَقْتُلُ المَسِيحَ [When the true Messiah shall slay the false Messiah] (Msb.) [Many opinions respecting the derivation of the appellation thus applied are also mentioned by various authors.] b5: مَسِيحٌ Sweat: (T, S, K:) so called because it is wiped off (يُمْسَحُ) when it pours forth. (T.) b6: مَسِيحٌ (tropical:) A dirhem [or silver coin] of which the impression is obliterated; syn. أَطْلَسُ; (S, Msb, K;) having no impression. (Msb.) b7: مَسِيحٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسِيحَةٌ (TA) A piece of silver. (As, S, K.) b8: مَسِيحٌ. (tropical:) i. q. مَمْسُوحُ الوَجْهِ, (K,) i.e., A man having one side of his face plain, without eye or eyebrow: said to apply in this sense to EdDejjál, among others. (IF, L.) b9: One-eyed. (Az.) [See also أَمْسَحُ.] b10: مَسِيحٌ A rough napkin, or kerchief, with which one wipes himself: (L, K:) so called because the face is wiped with it, or because it retains the dirt. (TA.) [A dusting-cloth, or dish-clout, or the like, is now called ↓ مِمْسَحَةٌ.] b11: مَسِيحٌ Beautiful in the face. (TA.) b12: مَسِيحٌ One who journeys or goes about much for the sake of devotion, or as a devotee; as also ↓ مِسِّيحٌ (K,) and ↓ أَمْسَحُ, (TA,) the fem. of which is مَسْحَآءُ. (K, TA.) See مَسَّاحٌ.

A2: مَسِيحٌ (tropical:) Multum coiens; as also ↓ مَاسِحٌ. (K.) b2: مَسِيحٌ Erring greatly. (TA.) b3: مَسِيحٌ A great liar; one who lies much; as also ↓ مَاسِحٌ and ↓ مِمْسَحٌ (K) and ↓ تِمْسَحٌ (Lh, K) and ↓ أَمْسَحُ, (TA,) the fem. of which last is مَسْحَآءُ. (K, TA.) See مَاسِحٌ.

A3: مَسِيحٌ Very veracious; syn. صِدِّيقٌ: (K, L, TA: in the CK صَدِيقٌ:) a meaning unknown to many of the lexicologists, and probably obsolete in their time. (L.) A4: مَسِيحٌ Created blessed, and goodly; (L;) created (مَمْسُوحٌ) with blessing, or prosperity: (K:) b2: and, contr., created accursed, and foul, or ugly; (L;) created with unfortunateness. (K.) مِسَاحَةٌ (tropical:) Mensuration of land. (Msb.) [See also 1.] b2: See also تَكْسِيرٌ.

مَسِيحَةٌ i. q. ذُؤَابَةٌ, [a portion, or lock, of hair hanging down loosely from the middle of the head to the back; or the hair of the fore part of the head; the hair over the forehead; or the part whence that hair grows; or a plait of hair hanging down; &c.]: (S, L, K:) or hair that is left without its being dressed with oil or anything else: or that part of a man's head that is between the ear and the eyebrow, rising to the part below that where the sutures of the scull unite: or that part of the side of the hair upon which a man puts his hand, next to his ear: or the hair of each side of the head: pl. مَسَائِحُ: or مسائح signifies the place which a man wipes with his hand: or, accord. to As, the hair: or, accord. to Sh, the hair which one wipes with his hand, upon his cheek and his head. (L.) b2: See مَسِيحٌ.

A2: مَسِيحَةٌ A bow: (S, K:) or an excellent bow: (L.) pl. مَسَائحُ. (S, K.) مَسَّاحٌ (tropical:) A measurer of land; (TA;) as also ↓ مَسِيحٌ. (L.) مِسِّيحٌ and المِسِّيحُ: see مَسِيحٌ.

بِهِ مَاسِحٌ He (a camel) has a fretting of the edge of the callosity upon his breast, produced by his elbow, without making it bleed: if he make it bleed, you say بِهِ حَازٌّ: (S, L:) and he has a chafing of his arm-pit produced by his elbow, but not violent, by reason of the disease called ضَاغِط. (L.) b2: See مَسِيحٌ. b3: مَاسِحٌ and ↓ مَسِيحٌ A great slayer; one who slays much, or many. (Az, L.) مَاسِحَةٌ A woman who combs and dresses hair; syn. مَاشِطَةٌ. (S.) أَمْسَحُ A flat place, with small pebbles, and without plants, or herbage. (S.) b2: مَسْحَآءُ A plain tract of land, with small pebbles, (S, K,) and without plants, or herbage: (S:) [ex.] مَرَرْتُ بِخَرِيقٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ بِيْنَ مَسْحَاوَيْنِ [I passed by a depressed tract of land containing herbage between two plain tracts containing small pebbles and without herbage]: (Fr, S:) or a piece of flat ground, bare, abounding with pebbles, containing no trees nor herbage, rugged, somewhat hard, like a flat place in which camels &c. are confined, or in which dates are dried, not what is termed قُفّ, nor what is termed سَهْلَة: (ISh:) pl. مَسَاحٍ and مَسَاحى [i. e. مَسَاحَى or مَسَاحِىُّ]; pl. forms proper to substs.; as it is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (L.) b3: Also مَسْحآءُ Red land. (K.) b4: مَسْحَآءُ A woman having little flesh in her posteriors and thighs; or foul, ugly, or unseemly; syn. رَسْحَآءُ. (S.) [In the K., الأَرْضُ الرَّسْحَآءُ, given as an explanation of المَسْحَآءُ, is an evident mistake for المَرْأَةُ الرَّسْحَآءُ, as observed by Freytag.] b5: أَمْسَحُ, or أَمْسَحُ القَدَمِ, A man having a flat sole to his foot, without any hollow: (L:) fem. مَسْحَآءُ: (L, K:) and ↓ مَسِيحٌ, or القَدَمَيْنِ ↓ مَسِيحُ, signifies the same: and also having smooth and soft feet, without fissures or chaps, so that they repel water when it falls upon them. (L.) b6: Also مَسْحَآءُ, (K,) or مسحآءُ الثَّدْىِ, (L,) A woman whose breast has no bulk. (L, K.) b7: Also مَسْحَآءُ A one-eyed woman: [see also مَسِيحٌ:] and such as is termed بِخْقَآءُ, whose eye is not مُلَوَّزَة: so in [most of] the copies of the K., but in some, بِلَّوْرَة: (TA:) [the meaning seems to be whose eye has no crystalline humour]. b8: أَمْسَحُ A man having little flesh in his posteriors and thighs; or having small buttocks sticking together; syn. ارسح: fem. مَسْحَآءُ: pl. مُسْحٌ. (L.) b9: أَمْسَحَ A man (S) having the inner sides of his thighs rubbing together (S, L, K) so as to become sore and chapped: (L:) or having the inner side of his knee inflamed by the roughness of his garment: (L, K:) fem. مَسْحَآءُ, and pl. مُسْحٌ. (L.) b10: غَارَةٌ مَسْحَآءُ (tropical:) A hostile attack, or incursion, by a troop of horse, in which the attacking party passes lightly by the party attacked, or brushes by them, without remaining by them. (L, from a trad.) b11: See مَسِيحٌ.

أَمْسَح [app. used as a subst., and therefore with, or without, tenween,] A flat tract of land: pl. أَمَاسِحُ. (TA.) b2: A smooth desert; or smooth waterless desert. (Lth.) أُمْسُوحٌ Any long piece of wood in a ship: (K:) pl. أَمَاسِيحٌ. (TA.) مِمْسَحٌ and مِمْسَحَةٌ: see مَسِيحٌ.

مَمْسُوحُ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ Having the buttocks cleaving to the bone, and small. (L.) b2: مَمْسُوحٌ A eunuch whose testicles have been extirpated. (TA.) b3: عَضُدٌ مَمْسُوحَةٌ An arm, from the shoulder to the elbow, having little flesh. (TA.) b4: مَمْسُوحُ A thing foul, or ugly, and unfortunate, and changed from its proper form, or make. (TA.) [See art. مسخ.]

تِمْسَحٌ A dissembler; a deceiver; (K;) one who blandishes, soothes, or wheedles, one with his words, and deceives him. (TA.) b2: تِمْسَحٌ An audacious, or insolent, and wicked, or corrupt, man: (L, K:) or a great liar, who, if asked, will not tell thee truly whence he comes; who lies to thee even as to the place whence he comes. (L.) [See also مَسِيحٌ.] b3: See تِمْسَاحٌ.

تِمْسَاحٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ تِمْسَحٌ, (Msb, K,) the latter app. a contraction of the former, (Msb,) [The crocodile]; a well-known aquatic animal, (S,) a creature like the tortoise, of great size, found in the Nile of Egypt and in the river Mihrán, (K,) which is the river of Es-Sind; (TA;) or [rather] resembling the وَرَل about five cubits long, and less; that seizes men and oxen, and dives into the water with them and devours them: pl. of the former تَمَاسِيحٌ, and of the latter تَمَاسِحُ. (Msb.)

مرض

1 مَرِضَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. مَرَضٌ and مَرْضٌ, (Msb, K,) which latter is a dial. form rarely used, (Msb,) He (a man, S, or an animal [of any kind], Msb) was, or became, [diseased, disordered, distempered, sick, or ill; i. e.] in the state termed مَرَضٌ (S, Msb, K) denoting that change of the constitution or temperament which is described in the explanation of this term below; (K;) as also ↓ امرض, expl. by صَارَ ذَا مَرَضٍ. (K, TA; but not in the CK.) b2: [Hence, مَرِضَتِ العَيْنُ (tropical:) The eye became languid; or languishing; or weak: (see مَرِيضٌ:) or, as Golius says, on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, was weak from much, and too much, looking.]

b3: And مَرِضَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ (tropical:) The night became dark. (Th, O.) b4: [The verb probably has several other tropical significations agreeable with explanations of مَرَضٌ and مَرِيضٌ which will be found below.]2 مرّضهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَمْرِيضٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He took care of him in his sickness; (Sb, S, Mgh;) and treated him medically, to remove his disease; the measure فَعَّلَ in this instance having a privative quality, though its quality is in most instances confirmative: (Sb:) or he took good care of him, namely a sick person: (K:) or he undertook, or managed, or superintended, the medical treatment of him. (Msb.) A2: مرّض فِى الأَمْرِ, (IDrd, A,) [and مَرَّضَهُ, (O, K voce ضَهْيَأَ,)] inf. n. as above, (S, K,) (tropical:) He fell short of doing what he ought to have done, or was remiss, in, or with respect to, the affair: (S, A:) or he did not exert himself to the full, or to the utmost, or beyond what is usual, in it: (IDrd:) or he did it weakly, or feebly, (K, * TA,) not firmly or soundly: (TA:) as also فِيهِ ↓ مارض. (TA.) [See also 5.] and مرّض فُلَانٌ فِى حَاجَتِى (tropical:) Such a one was deficient in activity in accomplishing my want. (TA.) And مرّض فِى كَلَامِهِ (tropical:) He was weak in his speech. (IDrd.) b2: [حَكَاهُ بِصِيغَةِ التَّمْرِيضِ, probably a post-classical phrase, signifies (assumed tropical:) He mentioned it, or related it, in a manner implying that it was doubtful, or was a mere assertion; as when the word قِيلَ is used.]3 مارض فِى الأَمْرِ: see 2. b2: مَارَضْتُ رَأْيِى فِيكَ (tropical:) I deceived myself, or endeavoured to deceive myself, respecting thee. (A, TA.) 4 امرض: see 1. b2: He had a bane, or murrain, (Yaakoob, S,) or a disease, or distemper, (A, TA,) in his beasts, (Yaakoob, S, A,) or camels. (TA.) A2: امرضهُ He (God, S, Msb) rendered him مَرِيض [or diseased, &c.]. (Sb, S, * Msb, K.) You say also, أَكَلَ مَا لَمْ يُوَافِقْهُ فَأَمْرَضَهُ (A, TA) [He ate what did not agree with him, and] it caused him to fall into المَرَض [or disease, &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] إِمْرَاضُ الأجْفَانِ (S, voce إِسْجَادٌ) (tropical:) The lowering of the eyelids [in a languid, or languishing, manner: see مَرِيضٌ]. (TK, voce إِسْجَادٌ.) b3: امرضهُ also signifies He found him to be مَرِيض [or diseased, &c.]. (K.) A3: Also امرض (assumed tropical:) He was near to being right in opinion, (S, L, K, *) though not altogether right. (L.) In the K, this signification is wrongly assigned to امرضهُ. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely El-Ukeyshir El-Asadee, praising 'Abd-el-Melik Ibn-Marwán, (TA.) وَلٰكِنْ تَحْتَ ذَاكَ الشَّيْبِ حَزْمٌ

إِذَا مَا ظَنَّ أَمْرَضَ أَوْ أَصَابَا [But beneath that hoariness is good judgment: when he forms an opinion, he is nearly right, or he is right]. (S, TA.) b2: Also, امرضهُ فُلَانٌ (tropical:) Such a one was near to attaining the object of his [another's] want. (A, TA.) 5 تمرّض (tropical:) He was weak, or feeble, in his affair. (A, * K, TA.) [It seems to be indicated in the A that ↓ تمارض also has this signification; like as مارض in nearly the same sense is syn. with مرّض, q. v.: or perhaps تمارض signifies (tropical:) he feigned, or made a false show of, weakness, or feebleness, in his affair: it is said, in the A, to be used tropically as well as properly.]6 تمارض He feigned, or made a false show of, مَرَض [or disease, &c.] in himself. (S, A. *) b2: See also 5.

مَرْضٌ: see 1: and see what here next follows, in six places.

مَرَضٌ (IDrd, S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ مَرْضٌ: (Msb, K:) see 1: i. q. سُقْمٌ [Disease, disorder, distemper, sickness, illness, or malady]; (IDrd, S;) which is the contr. of صِحَّةٌ; and affects man and the camel [&c.]: (IDrd:) or a certain state foreign to the constitution or temperament, injurious to the intellect; whence it is known that pains and tumours are accidents arising therefrom: or, as IF says, that whereby a man passes beyond the limit of health or soundness or perfection or rectitude, whether it be disease (عِلَّة), or (assumed tropical:) hypocrisy, or (assumed tropical:) a falling short of doing what he ought to do in an affair: (Msb:) or a dark and disordered state of the constitution or temperament, after a clear and right state thereof: (O, K:) or ↓ مَرْضٌ is (assumed tropical:) [a disease] of the heart: (K:) Aboo-Is-hák says, مَرَضٌ and سُقْمٌ are said to be in the body and (assumed tropical:) in religion, like as صِحَّةٌ is said to be in the body and in religion; and ↓ مَرْضٌ is in the heart, applying to (assumed tropical:) everything whereby a man quits a state of soundness or perfection or rectitude in religion: (TA:) and As says, I recited to Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà

[the words of the Kur, ii. 9, &c.,] فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ and he said to me ↓ “ مَرْضٌ, O boy ”: (AHát, IDrd, Msb:) and مَرَضٌ, or this and ↓ مَرْضٌ also, signifies (assumed tropical:) doubt: and (assumed tropical:) hypocrisy: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) weakness of belief: (TA:) and the former, (TA,) or ↓ both, (K,) (assumed tropical:) languor, or languidness, or weakness: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) darkness (IAar, K) in the heart: (IAar:) and (assumed tropical:) defectiveness; deficiency; or imperfection; (IAar, K;) which last is said by IAar to be the primary signification: (TA:) or مَرَضٌ in the body is a languor, or languidness, or weakness, of the limbs, or members: and in the eye, (assumed tropical:) weakness of sight: and in the heart, (assumed tropical:) a flagging, or remissness, in respect of the truth: (Ibn-'Arafeh:) or it properly signifies an accidental affection of the body, which puts it out of the right state proper to it, and necessarily occasions interruption, or infirmity, in its actions: and tropically, (tropical:) affections of the mind, which interrupt, or mar, its integrity; such as (tropical:) ignorance; and (tropical:) evil belief; and (tropical:) envy; and (tropical:) malevolence, or malice; and (tropical:) love of acts of disobedience; for these prevent from the attaining of excellences, or lead to the cessation of true eternal life: (Bd, ii. 9:) it is a gen. n.: (IDrd:) and the n. un. is ↓ مَرْضَةٌ: (A, TA:) it is one of the inf. ns. which have pls., like شُغْلٌ and عَقْلٌ; the pls. of these three being أَمْرَاضٌ and أَشْغَالٌ and عُقُولٌ. (Sb.) فِى

قُلْوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ, in the Kur, [ii. 9, &c.,] means (assumed tropical:) In their hearts is doubt: (AO:) or (assumed tropical:) doubt and hypocrisy. (TA.) And الَّذِى فِى قَلْبِهِ مَرَضٌ, in the same, [xxxiii. 32,] (assumed tropical:) In whose heart is darkness: or (assumed tropical:) flagging, or remissness, in respect of what is commanded and what is forbidden: or (assumed tropical:) love of adultery or fornication: (TA:) or hypocrisy. (A.) مَرِضٌ: see مَرِيضٌ.

مَرْضَةٌ [A single disease, &c.]: see مَرَضٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

مُرَاضٌ A disease [or blight or the like] which affects fruits, and destroys them. (K.) مَرِيضٌ [Diseased; disordered; distempered; sick; or ill;] in the state termed مَرَضٌ (Msb, K) denoting that change of the constitution or temperament which is described in the explanation of the latter word above; (K;) as also ↓ مَرِضٌ (K,) and ↓ مَارِضٌ, (IB, Msb, K,) the first [and second] being from the verb of which the inf. n. is مَرَضٌ, and the third from that of which the inf. n. is مَرْضٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ مَمْرُوضٌ, and ↓ مُتَمَرِّضٌ: (TA:) or, applied to a body, it signifies deficient in strength: (IAar:) pl. مِرَاضٌ (A, K, TA:) and مَرْضَى (IDrd, Msb, K) and مَرَاضَى (IDrd, K) and مُرَضَآءُ; (TA;) or مِرَاضٌ may be pl. of مَارِضٌ (TA) [or of مَرِضٌ]. Accord. to Lh, you say, عُدْ فُلَانٌ فَإِنَّهُ مَرِيضٌ [Visit thou such a one, for he is sick]: and لَا تَأْكُلْ هٰذَا

إِنْ أَكَلْتَهُ ↓ الطَّعَامَ فَإِنَّكَ مَارِضٌ meaning تَمْرَضُ [i. e. Eat not thou this food, for thou wilt be sick if thou eat it]. (TA.) [مَرِيضٌ has also several tropical significations.] You say also, عَيْنٌ مَرِيضَةٌ (tropical:) An eye in which is languor, or languidness, or weakness: (S, TA:) pl. أَعْيَنٌ مِرَاضٌ, and مَرْضَى. (A, TA.) And إِمْرَأَةٌ مَرِيضَةُ الأَلْحَاظِ and مريضةُ النَّظَرِ (assumed tropical:) A woman weak in sight. (IDrd.) and قَلْبٌ مَرِيضٌ (assumed tropical:) A heart deficient in religion. [IAar.) And شَمْسٌ مَرِيضَةٌ (tropical:) A sun having a feeble light; (A, K; *) not clear, (S, TA,) and not beautiful. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ مَرِيضَةٌ (tropical:) A land in which are frequent seditions, or factions, or conflicts, or dissensions, (A, TA,) and wars, (A,) and slaughters: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) in a weak condition: (K:) or straitened with its inhabitants: or (assumed tropical:) in which the wind is still, and the heat intense: or that causes disease; meaning (assumed tropical:) corrupt in its air. (TA.) And رِيحٌ مَرِيضَةٌ (A, K) (tropical:) A weak wind: (K:) or (tropical:) a still wind: or (tropical:) a wind intensely hot, and blowing feebly. (TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ مَرِيضَةٌ (tropical:) A night in which no star shines; (A;) in which the sky is clouded, so that there is no light. (TA.) And رَأْىٌ مَرِيضٌ (A, TA) (tropical:) An opinion deviating from what is right. (TA.) مَارِضٌ: see مَرِيضٌ, in two places.

مُمْرِضٌ A man having diseased camels: so in the following trad.: لَا يُورِدُ مُمْرِضٌ عَلَى مُصِحٍّ

[One having diseased camels shall not bring them to water immediately after one whose camels are in a healthy state]: the prohibition being not because of the transition of disease by contagion; but because sometimes disease may befall the healthy beasts, and it may come into the mind of the owner that that is from contagion. (TA.) [See also مُصِحٌّ.]

مِمْرَاضٌ A man frequently diseased or sick. (S, K.) مَمْرُوضٌ see مَرِيضٌ.

مُتَمَرِّضٌ: see مَرِيضٌ. b2: Also, (tropical:) A man weak, or feeble, in his affair. (TA.)

نو

أ1 نَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْءٌ (S, K) and تَنْوَآءٌ, (K,) He rose, or arose, with effort and difficulty. (S, K.) b2: نَآءَ بِحِمْلِهِ He rose with his burden with effort and difficulty. (TA:) he rose with his burden oppressed (??) its weight. (S, K.) b3: تَنُوْءُبِعَجِيزَتِهَا She rises with her buttocks oppressed by their weight: said of a woman. (S.) b4: نَآءَ بِصَدْرِهِ He arose. [App. said originally, if not only, of a camel.] (TA.) b5: نَاءَ بِهِ and ↓ اناءهُ, It (a burden) oppressed him by its weight, and bent him, or weighed him down. (S, K,) b6: تَنُوْءُ بِهَا عَجِيزَتُهَا Her buttocks oppress her by their weight: said of a woman. (S.) b7: نَآءَ He was oppressed by weight, (K,) and fell down: (S, K:) thus the verb bears two [partially] opposite significations. (K.) b8: نَآءَ بِجَانِبِهِ (assumed tropical:) He behaved proudly. (TA, art. مط.) b9: نَآءَ النَّجْمُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْءٌ; and ↓ استناء and إِسْتَنْأَى (K; the latter being formed by transposition, TA) The star, or asterism, [generally said of one of those composing the Mansions of the Moon,] set (accord. to some), or rose (accord. to others), aurorally, i. e. at dawn of morning. (TA.) See نَوْءٌ. [It seems that ناء is used in both these senses because the star or asterism appears as though it were nearly overcome by the glimmer of the dawn.]

A2: نَآءَ, (K,) formed by transposition from نَأَى, (TA,) or a dial. form of this latter, (S, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, distant; removed to a distance; went far away. (S, K.) b2: ناء بِهِ [It rendered him distant, or removed him to a distance]. (TA.) A3: مَا سَآءَكَ وَنَآءَكَ (S) [see explained in art. سوأ]: ناءك is here used for أَنَآءَكَ, in order to assimilate it to ساءك; (S;) like as they say هَنَأَنِى وَمَرَأَنِى, for أمْرَأَنِى. (TA.) 3 ناوأهُ, inf. n. مُنَاوَأَةٌ and نِوَآءٌ, He contended with him for glory; vied with him. (K.) b2: He acted hostilely towards him. (S, K.) Sometimes without ء; but originally with ء; being derived from نَآءَ إِلَيْكَ and نُؤْتُ إِلَيْهِ. (S.) 4 أَنْوَاَ see 1.10 استناء بِنَجْمٍ [He prognosticated rain &c. by reason of the rising or setting of a star or an asterism aurorally, i. e., at dawn of morning: or he regarded a star or an asterism as a نَوْء]. (L.) It is said, لَا تَسْتَنِىءُ العَرَبُ بِالنُّحُومِ كُلِّهَا [The Arabs do not prognosticate rain &c. by reason of the auroral rising or setting of all the stars, or asterisms: or do not regard all the stars or asterisms as أَنْوَا. (Sh, L.) إِسْتَنْأَوْا الوَسْمِىَّ, the ء being transposed, They expected, or looked for, the rain called الوسمى, [from the auroral rising or setting of a star or an asterism]. (AHn.) A2: إِسْتَنَآءَهُ (assumed tropical:) He sought, or asked a gift, or present of him. (K.) نَوْءٌ, pl. أَنْوَآءٌ and نُوآنٌ, (S, K,) A star, or an asterism, verging to setting: or the setting of the star, or asterism, in the west, aurorally, i. e., at dawn of morning, and the rising of another, opposite to it, at the same time, in the east: (K:) or the setting of one of the stars, or asterisms, which compose the Mansions [of the Moon (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ)], in the west, aurorally, i. e., at dawn of morining, and the rising of its رَقِيب, which is another star, or asterism, opposite to it, at the same time, in the east, each night for a period of thirteen days: thus does each star, or asterism, of those Mansions, [one after another,] to the end of the year, except الجَبْهَة, the period of which is fourteen days: (S:) [or it signifies the auroral rising, and sometimes the auroral setting, of one of those stars, or asterisms; as will be shown below: I do not say “ heliacal ”

rising because the rising here meant continues for a period of thirteen days]. Accord. to the T, نوء signifies the setting of one of the stars, or asterisms, above mentioned: and AHn says, that it signifies its first setting in the morning, when the stars are about to disappear; which is when the whiteness of dawn diffuses itself. (TA.) A'Obeyd says, I have not heard نوء used in the sense of “ setting,” “ falling,” except in this instance. (S.) It is added, [whether on his or another's authority is doubtful,] that the [pagan] Arabs used to attribute the rains and winds and heat and cold to such of the stars, or asterisms, above mentioned as was setting at the time [aurorally]; or, accord. to As, to that which was rising in its ascendency [aurorally]; and used to say, مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا [We have been given rain by such a نوء]; (S;) or they attributed heat [and cold] to the rising or the star or asterism, and rain [and wind], to its نَوْء [meaning its setting]. (AHn, Har, p. 216.) This the Muslim is forbidden to say, unless he mean thereby, “ We have been given rain at the period of such a نوء; ” God having made it usual for rain to come at [certain of] the periods called انواء.

Again, A'Obeyd says, The انواء are twenty-eight stars, or asterisms; sing. نوء: the rising of any one of them in the east [aurorally] is called نوء; and the star, or asterism, itself is hence thus called: but sometimes نوء signifies the setting. Also, in the L it is said, that each of the abovementioned stars, or asterisms, is called thus because, when that in the west sets, the opposite one rises; and this rising is called النّوء; but some make نوء to signify the setting; as if it bore contr. senses. (TA.) [El-Kazweenee mentions certain physical occurrences on the occasions of the انواء of the Mansions of the Moon; and in each of these cases, except three, the نوء is the rising, not the setting. Two of the excepted cases are doubtful: the passage relating to the third plainly expresses an event which happens at the period of the auroral setting of الصَّرْفَة; namely the commencement of the days called أَيَّامُ العَجُوزِ; corresponding, accord. to ElMakreezee, with the rising of الفَرْغُ المُقَدَّمُ, the رقيب of الصرفة: and it is said in the S, art. عجز, on the authority of Ibn-Kunáseh, that the ايّام العجوز fall at the period of the نوء of الصرفة. (The auroral setting of الصرفة, at the commencement of the era of the Flight, in central Arabia, happened about the 9th of March O. S.; and this is the day of the N. S., the 26th of February O. S., on which commence the ايّام العجوز accord. to the modern Egyptian almanacs.) Hence it appears, that sometimes the setting, but generally the rising, was called the نوء. Moreover, the ancient Arabs had twenty-eight proverbial sayings (which are quoted in the Mir-át ez-Zemán, and in the work of El-Kazweenee) relating to the risings of the twenty-eight Mansions of the Moon: such as this: إِذَا طَلَعَ الشَّرَطَانْ

إِسْتَوَى الزَّمَانْ “ When Esh-Sharatán rises, the season becomes temperate: ” or, perhaps, “b2: the night and day, become equal. ” (If this latter meaning could be proved to be the right one, we might infer that the Calendar of the Mansions of the Moon was in use more than twelve centuries B. c.; and that for this reason الشرطان was called the first of the mansions; though it may have been first so called at a later period as being the first Mansion in the first Sign of the Zodiac. But I return to the more immediate object which I had in view in mentioning the foregoing sayings.) I do not find any of these sayings (though others, I believe, do) relating to the settings. Hence, again, it appears most probable, that the rising, not the setting, was generally called نوء.] b3: [In many instances,] الأَنْوَآءُ signifies The Mansions of the Moon [themselves]; and نَوْءٌ, any one of those Mansions: and they are also called نُجُومُ المَطَرِ [the stars, or asterisms, of rain]. (Mgh, in art. خطأ.) IAar says that the term نوء was not applied except in the case of a star, or asterism, accompanied by rain: (TA:) [see exs. under خَطَّ and خَطَّأَ: but most authors, it seems, apply this term without such restriction: it is sometimes given to certain stars or asterisms, which do not belong to the Mansions of the Moon; as will be seen below: and it is applied, with the article, especially to الثُّرَيَّا]. b4: Accord. to Az, as cited by AM, the first rain is that called الوَسْمِىُّ: the انواء of which are those called العَرْقُوَتَانِ المُؤَخَّرَتَان, the same, says AM, as الفَرْغُ المُؤَخَّرُ, [the 27th Mansion of the Moon, which, about the period of the commencement of the era of the Flight, (to which period, or thereabout, the calculation of Az, here given, most probably relates,) set aurorally, (for by the term نوء Az means a star or asterism, at the setting of which rain usually falls,) in central Arabia, on the 21st of Sept. O. S, as shewn in the observations on the منازل القمر in this lexicon]: then, الشَّرَطُ, [one of the شَرَطَانِ, the 1st Mansion, which, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 17th of Oct.]: then, الثُّرَيَّا, [the 3rd Mansion, which, about that period, set on the 12th of Nov.]. Then comes the rain called الشَّتَوِىُّ: the انواء of which are الجَوْزَاءُ [meaning الهَقْعَةُ, the 5th Mansion, which, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 8th of Dec.] then, الذِّرَاعَانِ, [i. e. الذِّرَاعُ المَقْبُوضَةُ and الدِّرَاعُ المَبْسُوطَةُ; the former of which, about the same period, set anti-heliacally on the 3rd of January, the proper relative time of the setting of the 7th Mansion; and the latter, on the 16th of January, the proper relative time of the setting of the 8th Mansion;] and their نَثْرَة, [the 8th Mansion, which, about that period, set aurorally on the 16th of Jan.]: then, الجَبْهَةُ, [the 10th Mansion, which set aurorally, about that period, on the 11th of Feb.] In this period the شتوى rain ends; and that called الدَّفَئِىُّ (q. v.) begins, and [after this] الصَّيْفُ. All the rains from the وسمى to the دفئى are called رَبِيعٌ. Then, [after the دفئى,] comes the صَيْف: the انواء of which are السِّمَاكَانِ (الأَعْزَلُ and الرَّقِيبُ); [the former of which is, accord. to El-Kazweenee, the 14th Mansion, which, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 4th of April: the latter seems to be the رقيب of الثريّا (see رقيب): i. e. الإِكْلِيلُ, the 17th Mansion, which, about the same period, set aurorally on the 13th of May; a period of about forty days. Then comes الحَميمُ.

[see this word, said by some to be] a period of about twenty nights, commencing at the [auroral] rising of الدَّبَرَان, [at the epoch of the Flight about the 26th of May, O. S.,] which has [little rain, or none, and is therefore said to have] ??

نوء. Then comes الخَريفُ [a period of little rain the انواء of which are النَّسْرَانِ [or the two vultures, النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ and النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ, which, in central Arabia, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 24th of July, O. S., both together]: then, الخضر, [which I have not been able to identify with any known star or asterism, in the TT with صح written above it, to denote its being correctly transcribed]: then, العَرْقُوَتَانِ الأُولَيانِ, the same says AM, as الفَرْغُ المُقَدَّمُ, the 26th Mansion, which, about the same period, set on the 8th of Sept.]. (T, TT, TA. *) b5: [Hence,] نَوْءٌ [also means (assumed tropical:) The supposed effect of a star or asterism so termed in bringing rain &c.: whence the phrase لَا نَوْءَ لَهُ It has no effect upon the weather; said of a particular star or asterism: see البُطَيْنُ. b6: Also. Rain consequent upon the annual setting or rising of a star so termed (assumed tropical:) so in many instances in Kzw's account of the Mansions of the Moon.] And (tropical:) Herbs, or herbage: so called because regarded as the consequence of what is [more properly] termed نوء: [i. e., the auroral setting or rising of a star or asterism, or the rain supposed to be produced thereby.] Ex. جَفُّ النَّوْءُ The herbage dried up. (IKt.) Also, (tropical:) A gift, or present. (K.) أَنْوَأُ More, or most, acquainted with the أَنْوَآء (K, and some copies of the S) [See نَوْءٌ, It is an anomalous word, though of a kind of which there are some other examples, for it has no verb] and, by only, a noun of this class is not formed but from a verb. (TA) مُسْتَنَاءٌ (assumed tropical:) One of whom a gift, or present, is sought, or asked, (K.)

نصب

1 نَصَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَصْبٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ نصّب; (K;) He set up, put up, set upright, erected, a thing: (S:) he elevated, raised, reared, a thing. (K.) b2: He set up, a stone as a sign, or mark. (Msb.) b3: نَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ He raised his head. (TA.) b4: نَصِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. نَصَبٌ, He (a goat) had erect ears. (S: the inf. n. only mentioned.) b5: نَصَبْتُ فُلاَنًا لِكَذَا I set, or set up, such a one as an obstacle to such a thing, or as a butt for such a thing, like the butt of archers. (TA, art. عرض.) b6: نُصِبَ فُلَانٌ لِعِمَارَةِ البَلَدِ (tropical:) [Such a one was set up, or appointed, for the putting, or keeping, of the town, or district, in a flourishing or prosperous state, with respect to building, culture, population, &c.]. (A.) b7: نَصَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَصْبٌ, (S, K,) or نَصَبَ نَصْبَ العَرَبِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He sang, or chanted, a kind of song, or chant, peculiar to the Arabs, (S, K, &c.,) of the description termed حُدَاء, (K,) [by which camels are urged, or excited,] or a kind of song (K) resembling what is thus termed, (S,) but finer, or more delicate. (S, K.) What is termed نَصْبٌ is The kind of singing, or chanting, above described: (S, K:) or a kind of حُدَاء resembling singing: (AA:) or a kind of modulation: (Sh:) or a kind of song, or chant, of the Arabs: (ISd:) or, of the Arabs of the desert: (TA:) or poetry such as is commonly recited, well regulated and set to an air: (Nh:) so called because, in [singing or chanting] it, the voice is raised, or elevated. (The Fáïk.) b8: نَصَبَ الحَرْفَ, [aor. ـِ (not نَصُبَ,) inf. n. نَصْبٌ,] He wrote, or pronounced, the [final] letter with نَصْب; (S;) which is, in the case of the final inflection of a word, like فَتْح in the non-inflection: (S, K:) [i. e., he wrote it, or pronounced it, with Bً or نَصَبَ:) so called because the sound of a word of which the final letter is so pronounced rises to the highest cavity of the mouth. (Lth.) A conv. term of grammar. (S, K.) نَصَبَ الكَلِمَةَ [He wrote, or pronounced, the word with نَصْب, i. e., making its vowel of inflection Bً or نَصَبَ &c., according to the rules of grammar:] he made the word to have fet-hah as its vowel of inflection. (Msb.) b9: نَصَبَ لَه الحَرْبَ, (inf. n. نَصْبٌ, TA,) He made war upon him: syn. وَضَعَ. (K.) b10: Of anything that is raised, and with which one goes to meet, or encounter, a thing, one says نُصِبَ, and of the agent, نَصَبَ. (M, K.) b11: نَصَبَ لَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَصْبٌ, (tropical:) He acted with hostility, or enmity, towards him. (S, K.) See also 3. b12: نَصَبْتُ لَهُ رَأْيًا (tropical:) I gave him counsel from which he should not deviate. (A.) b13: نَصَبَ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. نَصْبٌ, TA,) He put down a thing: syn. وَضَعَ. Thus the verb bears two contr. significations. (K.) b14: [He set, or put, absolutely: often used in this sense.] b15: نَصَبَهُ, aor. ـِ and ↓ انصبه, (inf. n. إِنْصَابٌ, TA,) It (disease) pained him; occasioned him pain. (K.) b16: نَصَبَ السَّيْرَ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. نَصْبٌ, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He strove, or exerted himself, unusually in his pace: (K:) or نَصَبَ signifies he pursued his journey with diligence, or energy: (TA:) or he travelled on all the day, at a gentle pace: (S, K:) or he journeyed on all the night. (TA.) En-Nadr says, النَّصْبُ is the first pace; then, الدَّبَبُ, [but see وَسَجَ;] then, العَنَقُ; then, التَّزَيُّدُ; then, العَسْجُ; then, الرَّتْكُ; then, الوَخْدُ; then, الهَمْلَجَةُ. (TA.) A2: نَصِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. نَصَبٌ, He was fatigued, tired, or wearied, (S, K.) b2: نَصِبَ, inf. n. نَصَبٌ, He suffered difficulty, trouble, distress, or affliction. (TA.) b3: نَصِبَ He strove; laboured; or toiled. (K.) b4: فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَانْصَبْ [Kur, xciv. 7,] signifies and when thou shalt have finished thy prescribed prayers, fatigue thyself in supplication: (Katádeh, Jel:) or when thou shalt have finished the obligatory prayers, fatigue thyself in the performance of the voluntary. (TA.) See نَاصِبٌ.2 نصّبت الخَيْلُ آذَانَهَا The horses erected their ears often, or exceedingly. The teshdeed is to render the signification frequentative or intensive. (S.) b2: See 1, and 3.3 ناصبه الشَّرَّ, (inf. n. مُنَاصَبَةٌ, TA,) (tropical:) He made an open show of evil conduct, mischief, or malevolence, to him; (K;) and in like manner, of enmity, (TA,) and of war; (S, TA;) as also ↓ نَصَبَهُ, (K,) unaugmented. (TA: in the CK, ↓ نصّبه.) See also نَصَبَ لَهُ.4 انصبه He fatigued, tired, or wearied, him: (S, K:) it (an affair) fatigued him, &c.: (TA:) it (grief, or anxiety,) fatigued, tired, or wearied, him; (CK, TA;) as also ↓ نَصِبَ لَهُ; (TA;) and perhaps ↓ نَصَبَهُ is also used in this sense, with reference to grief, or anxiety. (K.) See 1.

A2: انصب الحَدِيثَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ He ascribed, or attributed, the tradition to the Apostle of God; syn. أَسْنَدَهُ إِلَيْهِ and رَفَعَهُ. (TA.) A3: انصبه He assigned him, or gave him, a نَصِيب; i. e., a lot, or portion. (K.) A4: انصب السِّكِّينَ He made, or put, a handle (نِصَاب) to the knife. (S, K.) 5 تنصّبتِ الأُتُنُ حَوْلَ الحِمَارِ The she-asses stood round the he-ass. (S, K.) b2: See 8.6 تناصبوه They divided it into lots, or portions, among themselves. (TA.) 8 انتصب and ↓ تنصّب, quasi-pass. of نَصَبَ and نَصَّبَ, He, or it, became set up, put up, set upright, or erected; stood up, or upright, or erect; became elevated, raised, or reared: (K:) became even and erect. (TA, art. نص.) b2: He stood erect, raising his head. (TA.) b3: [It was, or became, erect, vertical, or perpendicular.] b4: [انتصب شَعَرُهُ His hair, being full-grown, stood out: see مُنْتَصِبٌ.] b5: انتصب (TA) and ↓ تنصّب (K) (tropical:) It (dust) rose high. (K, TA.) b6: إِنْتَصِبْ Set up thy cooking-pot [upon the مِنْصَب, or trivet,] to cook, said to a cook. (IAar.) b7: انتصبت أَشْنَانُهُ إِلَى قُدَّامٍ [Its teeth stood out forwards: see مُنْتَصِبٌ:] said of a mouth. (TA, art. دفق.) b8: [اِنْتِصَابٌ is often used absolutely as meaning An erection of the penis.] b9: انتصب الحَرْفُ The letter [meaning the final letter of a word] was written, or pronounced, with نَصْب: [see نَصَبَ الحَرْفَ]. (S.) نَصْبٌ: see نَصَبَ, (of which it is the inf. n.,) throughout. b2: نَصْبٌ and ↓ نَصَبَ and ↓ نُصُبٌ and ↓ نَصِيبَةٌ A sign, or mark, set up to show the way; or a standard set up: syn. عَلَمٌ مَنْصُوبٌ: (K:) i. e., set up [as a sign] to a people: (TA:) or نُصُبٌ is pl. of نَصِيبَةٌ, like as سُفُنٌ is of سَفِينَةٌ. (Lth, TA.) Also, ↓ نُصْبَةٌ, A pole, or mast; syn. سَارِيَةٌ; (K;) set up to show the way: (TA:) also, ↓ أَنَاصِيبُ and ↓ تَنَاصِيبُ (pls. which have no sings., TA,) Signs, or marks, or stones, set up to show the way; syn. أَعْلَامٌ and صُوًى: (K:) stones set up on the tops of isolated small mountains, whereby travellers are to be directed: (TA:) also, ↓ يَنْصُوبٌ [pl. يَنَاصِيبُ] signifies A sign, or mark, set up to show the way in a desert. (Fr.) In the Kur, lxx., last verse but one, some read نَصْبٍ, meaning as above: others نُصُبٍ, meaning “ idols. ” (Zj.) b3: نَصْبٌ also signifies A goal; or limit; syn. غَايَةٌ: (K:) or rather, some say that it has this signification [in the verse of the Kur. above referred to]; but the former meaning, of “ a sign, &c.,” is the more correct. (TA.) b4: See also نُصْبٌ and نُصُبٌ, below. b5: نَصْبٌ, with respect to rhyme in a verse, is The being free from anything that would mar it, (Akh, K,) when the verse itself is not curtailed; for when the verse is curtailed, the term نصب is not applicable, though the rhyme be perfect: accord. to an explanation received from the Arabs: not one of the terms of Kh. (Akh.) Derived from الاِنْتِصَابُ, as signifying “ the standing erect; being tall; making one's self tall, by stretching the neck; ” and therefore not applied to verse that is curtailed. (IJ, ISd.) b6: نَصْبٌ One who is set, or set up, as an obstacle to a thing, or as a butt for a thing, like the butt of archers. (TA, art. عرض.) See 1. b7: نَصْبٌ [A peculiar mode of singing, or chanting: or a peculiar kind of song, or chant]: (See 1.) هٰذَا نُصْبُ عَيْنِى, and عينى ↓ نَصْبُ, or the latter is a barbarism, (K,) disallowed by KT; but it is allowed by Mtr; and said to have been heard from the Arabs [of the classical ages]; This is a conspicuous object of my eye; a thing in full view of my eye: said of a thing that is manifest, or conspicuous, [standing before one,] and even when it is lying, or thrown down. (TA.) b2: جَعَلْتُهُ نصبَ عينى I made him, or it, a conspicuous object, or a thing in full view, of my eye. (TA.) b3: Mtr says, that نَصْب, in this case, is an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n., and means an object [as it were set, or set up,] conspicuously seen of the eye, so as not to be forgotten, nor to be unheeded, nor to be placed behind the back, or uncared for, or disregarded. (MF.) b4: نُصْبٌ (S, K) and ↓ نَصْبٌ and ↓ نُصُبٌ (K) Evil; (S;) trial; affliction; misfortune: (S, K:) so in the Kur, xxxviii., 40: (S:) disease: (K:) affliction occasioned by disease. (Lth.) See also نَصَب.

نِصْبٌ: see نَصِيبٌ.

نَصَبٌ [as a subst.] Fatigue; weariness; toil. b2: Difficulty; trouble; distress; affliction. (TA.) See the verb: and see نَصْبٌ.

نَصِبٌ Diseased; sick; and in pain. (K.) نُصُبٌ: see نَصْبٌ. b2: نُصُبٌ (K, Msb) and ↓ نُصْبٌ (K: accord. to the S, the latter is sometimes written نُصُبٌ: [but it seems that نُصُبٌ is the more common of the two words:]) and ↓ نَصْبٌ (S, Msb) What is set up and worshipped to the exclusion of, or in preference to, the true God: (S:) or anything that is so worshipped: (K:) or a stone that is set up and so worshipped: (Msb:) the pl. of نُصُبٌ is أَنْصَابٌ: (S, Msb:) or نُصُبٌ is a pl. of نَصْبٌ, like as سُقُفٌ is of سَقْفٌ: (Msb:) or it is a pl. of which the sing. is نِصَابٌ; and it may be a sing., the pl. of which is أَنْصَابٌ: (Zj:) which last word, accord. to some, is syn. with

أَصْنَامٌ: but others deny this; because اصنام are figured and sculptured or painted; whereas انصاب are of an opposite description. (Msb.) [See a verse cited in art. مور.] b3: Also, الأَنْصَابُ Certain stones which were set up around the Kaabeh, over which it was customary for the name of some deity to be pronounced in the killing of animals (يُهَلُّ عَلَيْهَا), and upon which victims were slain in sacrifice to another, or others, than the true God: (ISd, K:) pl. of نُصُبٌ, as أَعْنَاقٌ is of عُنُقٌ; or of نُصْبق, as أَقْفَالٌ is of قُفْلٌ. (TA.) b4: نُصُبٌ, as occurring in the Kur, v. 4, signifies An idol; or a stone which the pagan Arabs set up, to sacrifice, or slay animals, before it, or by it, and which became red with the blood: (KT:) or pl. of نِصَابٌ, and signifying idols. (Jel.) b5: أَنْصَابُ الحَرَمِ The limits of the sacred territory [of Mekkeh]; (K;) i. e., signs, or marks, set up there, whereby it might be known. (TA.) See also نَصْبٌ.

نَصْبَةٌ A laying of a snare; meaning a plot, a stratagem, or an artifice. (TA.) نُصْبَةٌ: see نَصْبٌ.

نِصَابٌ The place of sun-set; مَغِيبُ الشَّمْسِ; (K;) the place to which it returns. (TA.) b2: See مَنْصِبٌ: and نُصُبٌ b3: نِصَابٌ The handle of a knife; (S, K;) in which the سِيلَان is set: (TA:) pl. نُصُبٌ. (K.) b4: نِصَابٌ, of property, (tropical:) The amount which renders it incumbent on the possessor to pay the alms, or tax, called الزَّكَاة: (S, K:) as two hundred dirhems, or five camels, (S,) [or twenty deenárs, or forty sheep or goats. (IbrD.)] So called as being the “ source ” whence the tax comes. (Msb.) نَصِيبٌ (S, K) and ↓ نِصْبٌ (K) (tropical:) A share, or portion, or lot, syn. حَظٌّ; (S, K;) of a thing; (S;) or of anything; (TA;) a set portion: (A:) [hence it appears to be in the sense of مَنْصُوبٌ what is set:] pl. of the former أَنْصِبَآءُ and أَنْصِبَةٌ (K, Msb) [the latter a pl. of pauc.], and نُصُبٌ. (Msb.) b2: نَصِيبٌ A tank, or cistern. (S, K.) b3: A snare, or fowler's net, set, or set up: (S, K:) thus in the sense of مَنْصُوبٌ. (TA.) See also مَنْصُوبَةٌ.

نَصِيبَةٌ, (S,) or نَصَائِبُ, (K,) which latter is the pl. of the former, (TA,) Stones which are set up around a tank, or cistern, and the interstices of which are filled up with kneaded clay. (S, K.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, هَرَقْنَاهُ فِى بَادِى النَّشِيْئَةِ داثِرٍ

قَدِيمٍ بِعَهْدِ المَآءِ بُقْعٍ نَصَائِبُهْ [We poured it out into an old cistern of which the water was dried up and the bottom apparent, which for a long time had contained no water, the stones set up around which, having their interstices filled up mith kneaded clay, were black and white]. (S.) The pron. in هرقناه refers to a large bucket mentioned before. (TA.) b2: نَصَائِبُ is also explained by A'Obeyd as signifying Stones that are set up around a tank, or cistern, to mark the quantity of water with which the camels will be satisfied. (TA.) See نَصْبٌ.

هَمٌّ نَاصِبٌ i. q. مُنْصِبٌ, Grief, or anxiety, that fatigues, tires, or wearies: (K:) after the manner of a rel. n.: (Sb, K:) meaning ذُو نَصَبٍ; like تَامِرٌ and لَابِنٌ: or ناصب is here an act. part. n. used in the sense of the pass. part. n. [مَنْصُوبٌ] followed by فِيهِ; i. e. يُنْصَبُ فِيهِ, in which one is fatigued, tired, or wearied; like لَيْلٌ نَائِمٌ, meaning يُنَامُ فِيهِ, &c.: (S:) or the phrase نَصَبَهُ الهَمُّ, in the sense of أَتْعَبَهُ, has been heard; (K;) and ناصب is its act. part. n. (TA.) b2: نَصَبٌ نَاصِبٌ is also said to be a phrase of the same kind as مَوْتٌ مَائِتٌ, and شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ; [therefore meaning Severe fatigue, or difficulty, or trouble, and the like]. (TA.) b3: Also عَيْشٌ نَاصِبٌ, and ↓ ذُو مَنْصَبَةٍ, A fatiguing, laborious, or troublesome, life. (K.) b4: النَّوَاصِبُ, and ↓ النَّاصِبِيَّةُ, and أَهْلُ النَّصْبِ, Appellations of a sect who made it a matter of religious obligation to bear a violent hatred to 'Alee (K) the son of Aboo-Tálib: (TA:) [so called]

لِأَنَّهُمْ نَصَبُوا لَهُ because they acted with hostility, or enmity, towards him, (K,) and openly opposed him: they were a sect of the Khawárij, الخَوَارِجُ. (TA.) نَاصِبَةُ الشُّجَاعِ The eye of the serpent called شجاع, which it raises to look. (TA in art. شجع.) b2: By the expression كَنَاصِبَةِ الشُّجَاعِ in the following words of the poet, بَصَرٌ كَنَاصِبَةِ الشُّجَاعِ المُرْصِدِ is meant Like the eye of the brave man, which he raises (يَنْصُبُهَا) to look at, or see, something. (TA.) النَّاصِبِيَّةُ: see نَاصِبٌ.

أَنْصَبُ A goat having erect horns: (S, K:) fem. نَصْبَآءُ. (S.) b2: نَصْبَآءُ A she-camel having an elevated breast. (S, K.) b3: أَذُنٌ نَصْبَآءُ An ear that is erect, and approaches the other ear. (TA.) مَنْصِبٌ [so accord. to the copies of the S and K in my hands, and the Msb, which states it to be of the same measure as مَسْجِدٌ, and the TA: written by Golius and Freytag مَنْصَبٌ:] and ↓ نِصَابٌ (tropical:) Origin; source; (S, K, Msb;) of anything; (TA;) that to which a person or thing is referred, as his or its source; syn. مَرْجِعٌ; (K;) place where, or whence, a thing grows; (Msb;) place where a person or thing is set, or set up. (TA.) Pl. [of the former, مَنَاصِبُ, and] of the latter, نُصُبٌ and أَنْصِبَةٌ. (Az, Msb.) b2: لَهُ مَنْصِبُ صِدْقٍ He has an excellent origin. (Msb.) b3: هُوَ يرْجِع إِلَى منصبِ صِدْقٍ and ↓ نِصابِ صدق, He traces back his lineage to an excellent origin. (TA.) b4: مَنْصِبٌ (assumed tropical:) Rank, or quality, nobility, or eminence, and the like, absolutely, or derived from ancestry: syn. حَسَبٌ and شَرَفٌ: from the same word as signifying “ origin, source, &c. ” (Esh-Shiháb.) b5: لِفُلَانٍ مَنْصِبٌ To such a one pertains eminence of rank or station. (Msb.) b6: إِمْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ منصبٍ A woman of rank or quality &c., (حَسَب,) and of beauty: or of beauty alone; because alone it exalts her. (Msb.) b7: مَنْصِبٌ, in the language of those of post-classical times, [and commonly pronounced, in the present day, مَنْصَبٌ,] (assumed tropical:) A post, an office, a function, or a magistracy; as though meaning the place in which a man is set, set up, or elevated; (Shifà el-Ghaleel;) or in which he is set, or set up, to see, or observe, [or supervise]: (MF:) pl. مَنَاصِبُ. (TA.) b8: [أَرْبَابُ المَنَاصِبِ (assumed tropical:) Functionaries; magistrates.] b9: See مِنْصَبٌ.

مِنْصَبٌ An iron thing (an iron trivet, TA,) upon which a cooking-pot is set up: (IAar, K:) as also ↓ مَنْصِبٌ. (MF.) مَنْصَبَةٌ Fatigue, labour, or trouble: [or a cause of fatigue, &c.]. (K.) See نَاصِبٌ.

مَنْصُوبَةٌ, as an epithet, applied to a شَبَكَة or حِبَالَة (A net or snare) set, or set up. and hence, as a subst., like دَابَّةٌ and عَجُوزٌ, (assumed tropical:) An artifice, a stratagem, a trick, a plot, a resource, or an expedient: or a stratagem in the game of chess. You say سَوَّى فُلَانٌ منصوبةً [Such a one framed a stratagem, or plot]. (Z.) مُنَصَّبٌ A horse of which the prevailing characteristic of his whole make is the erect position of his bones, so that he stands erect without needing to bend [his joints]. (TA.) b2: صَفِيحٌ مُنَصَّبٌ [Broad and thin stones] set up, one upon another. (S.) b3: ثَغْرٌ مُنَصَّبٌ Teeth, or fore teeth, of even growth; (K;) as though set up and made even. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce شَنَبٌ.]

b4: ثَرًى مُنَصَّبٌ, accord. to the K, i. q. مُجَعَّدٌ; but this is a mistake; and the correct word is جَعْدٌ, Soft moist earth; as in other books. (TA.) مُنْتَصِبٌ (tropical:) Dust rising high. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Hair full grown, and standing out. (TA, art. سبكر.) b3: أَسْنَانٌ مُنْتَصِبَةٌ إِلَى خَارِجٍ (S in art. دفق) or الى قُدَّامٍ (JK in that art.) Teeth standing out or forwards].

يَنْصُوبٌ: see نَصْبٌ.

أَنَاصِيبُ: see نَصْبٌ.

تَنَاصِيبُ: see نَصْبٌ.
نصب1 نَصَتَ, aor. ـِ (L, K,) inf. n. نَصْتٌ; (L;) and ↓ انصت, inf. n. إِنْصَاتٌ, (S, L, K) which latter is the more approved; (L;) and ↓ انتصت; (L, K;) He was silent: (L, K:) or he was silent and listened: (S:) or he was silent to listen: (L:) or he was silent as one listening: (Er-Rághib:) or he listened: (Msb:) or انتصب signifies he stood, or paused, listening. (Msb.) b2: ↓ أَنْصَتَهُ, and انصت لَهُ, (S, K,) and إِلَيْهِ, (Z,) and نَصَتَ لَهُ, (L,) He was silent, and listened to his speech. (S, K, &c.) 4 انصتهُ He made him silent; silenced him. (Sh, K.) b2: انصتهُ عَنِّى He made him to be silent, [and to abstain] from [speaking of, or to,] me. (As.) b3: See 1.

A2: انصت لِلَّهْوِ He inclined to play, or sport. (IAar, K.) 8 إِنْتَصَبَ see 1.10 استنصتةُ He asked him, or desired him, to be silent: (K:) or, to be silent and to listen to him. (TA.) نُصْتَةٌ Silence: [or silence and listening, &c.] (K.)