غدر

1 غَدَرَهُ, (K,) and [more commonly] غَدَرَ بِهِ, aor. ـِ (S, M, IKtt, Msb, K) and غَدُرَ; (M, IKtt, K;) and غَدِرَ, aor. ـَ (Lh, K,) but ISd doubts the correctness of this last; (TA;) inf. n. غَدْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) of غَدَرَ; (S, Msb, TA;) and غَدَرٌ (TA, and so in the CK in the place of غَدْر,) and غَدَرَانٌ, (K, TA,) which are both of غَدِرَ; (TA;) He acted perfidiously, unfaithfully, faithlessly, or treacherously, to him; (M, K;) he broke his compact, contract, covenant, or the like, with him; (Msb;) he neglected the performance, or fulfilment, of his compact, &c., with him: (S:) غَدْرٌ is the contr. of وَفَآءٌ, (K,) or of وَفَآءٌ بِعَهْدٍ: (M:) or it signifies the being remiss in a thing, and neglecting it. (B.) A2: غَدَرَ, aor. ـِ (T, O, K,) inf. n. غَدْرٌ, (T, O,) He drank the water of the غَدِير [q. v.]: (T, O, K:) and, accord. to the K, غَدِرَ, he drank the water of the sky; but this is a sheer mistake, occasioned by a misunderstanding of a saying in the T; here following: (TA:) Az says that غَدَرَ meaning as expl. above should accord. to analogy be غَدِرَ, like كَرِعَ meaning “ he drank the كَرَع,” i. e. the water of the sky: (O, TA:) moreover, a distinction is strangely made in the K between the water of the غَدِير and the water of the sky. (TA.) A3: غَدَرَتْ وَلَدَهَا, said of a woman, is like دَغَرَتْهُ [q. v.]. (TA.) A4: غَدِرَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. غَدَرٌ,] He remained, or lagged, behind; as also ↓ تغدّر, accord. to As, who cites the following verse of Imra-el-Keys: عَشِيَّةَ جَاوَزْنَا حَمَاةَ وَسَيْرُنَا

أَخُو الجَهْدِ لَا نَلْوِى عَلَى مِنْ تَغْدَّرَا [In the evening when we passed beyond Hamáh, and our journeying was laborious, we not waiting for such as lagged behind]: but accord. to one relation it is تَعَذَّرَ, which means [the same, or]

“ held back, or withheld himself, for a cause rendering him excused. ” (TA.) You say غَدِرَ عَنْ

أَصْحَابِهِ He remained, or lagged, behind his companions. (TA.) And غَدِرَتِ النَّاقَةُ عَنِ الإِبِلِ, (S, K,) and الشَّاةُ عَنِ الغَنَمِ, (S,) The she-camel remained, or lagged, behind the other camels, (S, K,) not coming up to them, (TA,) and so the sheep, or goat, behind the other sheep, or goats. (S.) And غَدَرَ فُلَانٌ بَعْدَ إِخْوَتِهِ Such a one remained after the death of his brothers. (TA. [But غَدَرَ, here, is app. a mistake for غَدِرَ, unless both forms be allowable.]) A5: غَدِرَ اللَّيْلُ; (K;) or غَدِرَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. غَدَرٌ; and ↓ أَغْدَرَت; (S;) The night became dark: (K:) or became intensely dark. (S.) A6: غَدِرَتِ الغَنَمُ, (K,) inf. n. غَدَرٌ, (TA,) The sheep, or goats, became satiated in the place of pasture in the first of the growth thereof. (K.) A7: غَدِرَتِ الأَرْضُ The land abounded with غَدَر [q. v.]. (K.) 2 غدّر He cast men, or made them to fall, into what is termed غَدَر [q. v.]; and ↓ اغدر may signify the same. (O.) 3 غادرهُ, inf. n. مُغَادَرَةٌ (S, K) and غِدَارٌ; (K;) and ↓ اغدرهُ; (S, K;) He left him, or it; (S, K;) he left him, or it, remaining. (K.) It is said in the Kur xviii. 47, لَا يُغَادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَلَا كَبِيرَةً It will not leave, or omit, or it will not fall short of, (TA,) a small sin nor a great sin. (Jel.) And in a trad., يَا لَيْتَنِى غُودِرْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِ نُحْصِ الجَبَلِ Would that I had [been left behind, and had] suffered martyrdom with the people of the foot of the mountain of Ohud, who were slain there, and the other martyrs: said by Mohammad. (A 'Obeyd.) [See also a verse of 'Antarah cited voce مُتَرَدَّمٌ; and another, of Kutheiyir, voce عَسْبٌ.] b2: اغدر also signifies He left behind. (TA.) You say النَّاقَةَ ↓ اغدر, and الشَّاةَ, He (the pastor) left the she-camel behind the other camels, and the sheep, or goat, behind the other sheep, or goats. (S.) And لَهُ ذٰلِكَ فِى قَلْبِى مَوَدَّةً

i. e. [Such a one aided me, and that] left remaining [in my heart a love for him]. (Lh, TA.) 4 أَغْدَرَ see 3, in four places: A2: and see also 1: A3: and 2.5 تَغَدَّرَ see غَدِرَ.10 استغدر It (a place) had in it pools of water left by a torrent or torrents. (K.) b2: and اِسْتَغْدَرَتْ هُنَاكَ غُدُرٌ Pools of water left by a torrent or torrents became formed there. (S.) غَدَرٌ; pl. غُدُورٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ, in three places. b2: [Hence,] one says, أَلْقَتِ النَّاقَةُ غَدَرَهَا The she-camel cast forth what her womb had left remaining in it of blood and foul matter [after her bringing forth]. (TA.) And أَلْقَتِ الشَّاةُ غُدُورَهَا The ewe, or she-goat, cast forth the water and blood and other remains in her womb after bringing forth. (TA.) b3: And فِى النَّهْرِ غَدَرٌ In the river, or rivulet, is slime remaining when the water has sunk into the earth. (TA.) A2: غَدَرٌ signifies also A place such as is termed ظَلِف [app. as meaning hard, and that does not show a footmark, or rugged and hard], abounding with stones: (S, O, TA:) or a place abounding with stones, difficult to traverse: (TA:) or any difficult place, through which the beast can hardly, or in nowise, pass: (K:) or soft ground, in which are [trenches, or channels, such as are termed] لَخَاقِيق: (TA:) or burrows, (Lh, S, K, TA,) and banks, or ridges, worn and undermined by water, (Lh, TA,) and uneven لَخَاقِيق in the ground: (Lh, S, K, TA: [and the like is also said in the TA on the authority of As:]) and stones (K, TA) with trees; thus accord. to Az and IKtt: (TA:) and anything that conceals one, and obstructs his sight: pl. أَغْدَارٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, مَا أَثْبَتَ غَدَرَهُ, meaning مَا أَثْبَتَهُ فِى الغَدَرِ [How firm is he in traversing the rugged and hard and stony place! &c.]: this is said of the horse: and also (assumed tropical:) of the man when his tongue is firm in the place of slipping and of contention or litigation: (S, TA:) or, accord. to Lh, it means (assumed tropical:) how firm, or valid, is his argument, or plea, and how seldom does harm in consequence of slipping and stumbling befall him! or, accord. to Ks, how firm is what remains of his intellect or understanding! but ISd says that this explanation did not please him. (TA.) And فَرَسٌ ثَبْتُ الغَدَرِ A horse firm, or steady, in the place of slipping. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) And رَجُلٌ ثَبْتُ الغَدَرِ (tropical:) A man firm, or steadfast, in fight, or conflict, (S, K, TA,) or in altercation or disputation, or in speech, (S accord. to different copies,) or and in altercation or disputation, (K, TA,) and in speech; (TA;) and also in everything that he commences. (K, TA.) And accord. to Ibn-Buzurj one says, إِنَّهُ لَثَبْتُ الغَدَرِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is strong in talking or discoursing, with men, and in contending, or disputing, with them. (L.) [See also ثَبْتٌ.]

غَدِرٌ [part. n. of غَدِرَ]. b2: See غَادِرٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: And see also غَدُورٌ.

A3: You say also لَيْلَةٌ غَدِرَةٌ and ↓ مُغْدِرَةٌ (S, K) meaning A dark night; (K;) as also ↓ غَدْرَآءُ: (IKtt, TA:) or an intensely-dark night, (S,) in which the darkness confines men in their places of alighting or abode, and their shelter, so that they remain behind: or, as some say, such a night is termed ↓ مُغْدِرَةٌ because it casts him who goes forth therein into the غدر [i. e. غَدَر]. (L, TA.) غُدَرُ and غُدَرٌ: see غَادِرٌ, in six places: A2: and for غُدَرٌ, see also غَدِيرٌ.

غَدْرَةٌ [an inf. n. un., signifying An act of perfidy. unfaithfulness, faithlessness, or treachery]: see two exs. voce غَادِرٌ.

غُدْرَةٌ and ↓ غِدْرَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ غِدَرَةٌ, (ISk, Az, TA,) and ↓ غَدَرَةٌ and ↓ غَدَرٌ, (Lh, TA,) and ↓ غُدَارَةٌ, with damm, (K,) or ↓ غِدَارَةٌ, (as written in the L,) A portion that is left, or left remaining, of a thing; (K, * TA;) a remain, remainder, remnant, relic, or residue: (Lh, ISk, Az, L:) the pl. of غُدْارَةٌ is غُدْرَاتٌ (K) [and accord. to analogy غُدَرَاتٌ and غُدُرَاتٌ] and app. غُدَرٌ; (TA;) and that of ↓ غِدَرَةٌ [or ↓ غِدْرَةٌ] is غِدَرٌ and غِدَرَاتٌ; (ISk, Az;) and that of ↓ غَدَرٌ is غُدُورٌ. (TA.) You say, عَلَى

مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ ↓ فُلَانٍ غِدَرٌ Such a one owes arrears of the poor-rate. (ISk.) And عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ

مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ ↓ غَدَرَةٌ and ↓ غَدَرٌ The sons of such a one owe an arrear of the poor-rate. (Lh, L.) And مِنْ مَرَضٍ ↓ بِهِ غَادِرٌ In him is a relic of disease; like غَابِرٌ. (TA.) غِدْرَةٌ, and the pl. غِدَرٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ, in three places.

غَدَرَةٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ, in two places.

غِدَرَةٌ, and the pl. غِدَرٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ, in three places.

غَدْرَآءُ Darkness. (K.) b2: See also غَدِرٌ.

A2: أَرْضٌ غَدْرَآءُ Land abounding with places of the kind termed غَدَر. (IKtt, TA.) غَدَارِ: see غَادِرٌ.

غَدُورٌ: see غَادِرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A she-camel that remains, or lags, behind the other camels: (K, TA:) in some of the copies of the K غَدُورَةٌ, with ة; but the former is the right. (TA.) And غَبِرَةٌ غَمْرَةٌ ↓ نَاقَةٌ غَدِرَةٌ A she-camel that remains, or lags, behind the other camels, in being driven. (Lh.) غَدِيرٌ A pool of water left by a torrent: (A 'Obeyd, S, M, K:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفَاعِلٌ, from غَادَرهُ, or مُفْعَلٌ, from أَغْدَرَهُ; or, as some say, of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ; (S;) because it is unfaithful to those who come to it to water, failing when much wanted: (S, * TA:) but it is a subst.; [not an epithet; or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, and only used as a subst.:] you do not say هٰذَا مَآءٌ غَدِيرٌ: (Lh:) or a place in which rain-water stagnates, whether small or large, not remaining until the summer: (Lth:) or a river: (Msb:) [but this is extr.:] pl. [of pauc. أَغْدِرَةٌ, (occurring in a verse cited voce إِلَّا, &c.,) and of mult.] غُدْرَانٌ (S, Msb, K, TA) and غُدُرٌ (S, Nh, L, TA,) which last is sometimes contracted into غُدْرٌ: (TA:) in the K, the last pl. is said to be of the measure of صُرَدٌ; [i. e. ↓ غُدَرٌ;] but this is inconsistent with what is said in other lexicons, as shown above: and it is also said in the K that غُدَرٌ signifies the same as غَدِيرٌ, in the sense first given above; but it appears that this is a pl. of غُدْرَةٌ; and that, in the K, we should read, for وَالغَدِيرُ, كَالغَدِيرِ, and place this before, instead of after, its explanation. (TA.) b2: Hence, (tropical:) A piece of herbage; (TA;) as also ↓ غَدِيرَةٌ: pl. غُدْرَانٌ: (K, TA;) this is the only pl. (TA.) b3: Hence also, (TA,) (tropical:) A sword; (K, TA;) like as it is called لُجٌّ. (TA.) b4: and ↓ غَدِيرَةٌ also signifies A she-camel left by the pastor (S, K) behind the other camels; and in like manner, a sheep, or goat. (S.) غُدَارَةٌ or غِدَارَةٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ.

غَدِيرَةٌ: see غَدِيرٌ, last two sentences.

A2: Also A portion, or lock, or plaited lock, of hair, hanging from the head; syn. ذُؤَابَةٌ: (S, K:) accord. to Lth, every عَقِيصَة is a غَدِيرَة; and the غَدِيرَتَانِ are the two portions, or locks, or plaited locks, of hair (ذَؤَابَتَانِ) which fall upon the breast: (TA:) pl. غَدَائِرُ: (S, K:) or غدائر pertain to women, and are plaited; and ضَفَائِر, to men. (TA.) A3: غَدِيرَةُ الحَائِكِ means The hollow, in the ground, in which the weaver puts his legs, or feet: also called الوَهْدَةُ. (Mgh in art. وهد.) غَدَّارٌ: see غَادِرٌ; the first and third, in two places.

غَدِّيرٌ: see غَادِرٌ; the first and third, in two places.

غَدَّارَةٌ: see غَادِرٌ; the first and third, in two places.

غَادِرٌ and ↓ غُدَرٌ [respecting which see below] (S, K) and ↓ غَدُورٌ and ↓ غَدَّارٌ and ↓ غِدِّيرٌ (K) are epithets applied to a man [and signifying, the first, Perfidious, unfaithful, faithless, or treacherous; or acting perfidiously, &c.; and the rest, very perfidious, &c.]: (S, K:) and ↓ غَدُورٌ and ↓ غَدَّارٌ and ↓ غَدَّارَةٌ are epithets applied to a woman [and signifying as above]: (K:) but ↓ غُدَر is mostly used in calling to a man and reviling him: (S:) you say to a man, يَا غُذَرُ [O very perfidious man]; (S, K;) and in like manner, ↓ يَا مَغْدَرُ, and ↓ يا مَغْدِرُ, and ↓ يَا ابْنَ مَغْدَرٍ, and ↓ يا ابن مَغْدِرٍ, all determinate; (K, TA;) and to a woman, ↓ يا غَدَارِ, like قَطَامِ: (K:) [accord. to some, ↓ غُدَر is only used in this manner, and is therefore without tenween; for] it is said that رَجُلٌ غُدَرُ is not allowable, because غُدَرُ is determinate: but Sh says رَجُلٌ غُدَرٌ, writing it, says Az, with tenween, contr. to what Lth says; and this is correct; a word of the measure فُعَل being imperfectly decl. [only] when it is a determinate subst., like عُمَرُ and زُفَرُ: and IAth says that غُدَرُ is altered from its original form, which is غَادِرٌ, for the sake of intensiveness: (TA:) in the pl. [sense] you say يَالَ غُدَرَ, (S,) or يَا لَغُدَرَ, [for يَا آلَ غُدَرَ, (see the letter ل, and see آلٌ, in art. اول,)] like يَا لَفُجَرَ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., ↓ يَا غُدَرُ

↓ أَلَسْتُ أَسْعَى فِى غَدْرَتِكَ [app. meaning, O thou very perfidious: am I not striving, or labouring, in respect of thine act of perfidy, to rectify it?]. (S: but in one copy, غُدْرَتِكَ.) And in another trad., relating to El-Hodeybiyeh, وَهَلْ ↓ يَا غُدَرُ

إِلَّا بِالْأَمْسِ ↓ غَسَلْتَ غَدْرَتَكَ [O thou very perfidious: and didst thou wash away thine act of perfidy save yesterday?]: said by 'Orweh Ibn-Mes'ood to El-Mugheereh. (TA.) And in another trad., ↓ اِجْلِسْ غُدَرُ [Sit thou, O very perfidious]; for يَا غُدَرُ: said by 'Áïsheh to El-Kásim. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] ↓ سِنُونَ غَدَّارَةٌ (tropical:) Years in which is much rain and little herbage; from [the inf. n.] الغَدْرُ; i. e. that excite people's eager desire for abundance of herbage, by the rain, and then fail to fulfil their promise. (TA.) b3: [And ↓ غَدِرٌ is app. syn. with غَادِرٌ; for] غَدِرَةٌ occurs in a trad. applied to land (أَرْض), as though meaning (assumed tropical:) Not producing herbage bountifully; or giving growth to herbage, and then soon becoming blighted, or blasted; wherefore it is likened to the غَادِر, who acts unfaithfully. (TA.) A2: See also غُدْرَةٌ, last sentence.

مَغْدَر and مَغْدِر: see غَادِرٌ, each in two places.

لَيْلَةٌ مُغْدِرَةٌ: see غَدِرٌ, in two places.

غين

1 غَانَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا, [aor. ـِ inf. n. غَيْنٌ,] Such a thing covered, veiled, or concealed, him, or it: (Ham p. 574:) [and so ↓ أَغَانَهُ; whence] one says, الغَيْنُ السَّمَآءَ ↓ اغان The clouds covered, or overspread, or wholly covered, the sky. (S, K.) And غِينَ عَلَى كَذَا Such a thing was covered over. (S.) [Hence,] غِينَ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ, inf. n. غَيْنٌ; as also ↓ أُغِينَ [in the CK (erroneously) اَغْيَنَ]; (assumed tropical:) His heart was invaded by desire, or appetite, as by a thing that covered it: or was covered [so as to be rendered unsusceptible]: or was enveloped by the like of rust [or clouded or rendered dull]. (K, TA. [For الرَّيْن, meaning “ the like of rust ”

covering the heart, the CK has الدَّيْن.]) The saying, in a trad., إِنَّهُ لَيُغَانُ عَلَى قَلْبِى (S, Msb, TA) حَتَّى أَسْتَغْفِرَ اللّٰهَ فِى اليَوْمِ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً (TA) is from the phrase غِينَ عَلَى كَذَا signifying as expl. above, (S,) and means (assumed tropical:) Verily my heart is invaded as though it were covered, by unmindfulness from which mankind will not be free so that I beg forgiveness of God in the day seventy times: (TA:) or it means, being used metonymically, verily I become diverted from المُرَاقَبَة [meaning the fear of God, or, as a conventional term, the constant knowledge of God's cognition of me in all my states or circumstances,] by the affairs that are for good relating to the present world; for these, though matters of importance, are, in comparison with the affairs relating to the other world, as idle sport, in the estimation of the people who follow the rule of المُرَاقَبَة. (Msb.) b2: One says also, غِينَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. غَيْنٌ; as also غَانَت, inf. n. غَيْنٌ; [like غَامَت;] (TA;) The sky became covered (Msb, TA) with غَيْن (Msb) or غَيْم (TA) [i. e. clouds, or an expanse of clouds].

A2: غِنْتُ, aor. ـِ [inf. n. غَيْنٌ,] I was, or became, thirsty. (S, K.) And غَانَتِ الإِبِلُ i. q. غَامَت (S, K, TA) i. e. The camels were, or became, thirsty. (TA.) b2: and غَانَتْ نَفْسُهُ, (S,) or نَفْسِى, (K,) aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. غَيْنٌ, (TA,) His, or my, soul [or stomach] heaved, or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; syn. غَثَتْ. (S, K.) 2 حَسَنَةً ↓ غَيَّنَ غَيْنًا and حَسَنًا He wrote a beautiful غ. (TA.) 4 أَغْيَنَ see the first paragraph, in three places.

غَانٌ: see غَيْنَةٌ.

غَيْنٌ [mentioned above as an inf. n. is also a subst., as such] i. q. غَيْمٌ, (K, TA,) a dial. var. of the latter word, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying clouds; (TA;) [or an expanse of clouds;] as in the phrase فِى يَوْمِ غَيْنٍ in a day of clouds: (S, * TA:) or, meaning “ clouds,” it is from غَانَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا signifying as expl. in the beginning of this art. (Ham p. 574.) b2: And شَجَرٌ غَيْنٌ Dense, or tangled, trees: (TA:) like غَيْمٌ. (TA in art. غيم.) A2: Also [like غَيْمٌ signifying] Thirst. (S, K. [See also 1.]) A3: And [The letter غ;] one of the letters of the alphabet: (S, K:) pl. [of mult.] غُيُونٌ and [of pauc.] أَغْيَانٌ and غَيْنَاتٌ. (TA.) See 2, and art. غ.

غَانَةٌ The ring at the head of the bow-string. (K.) [See عُنْتُوتٌ.]

غَيْنَةٌ i. q. أَجَمَةٌ; [like غَيْضَةٌ, q. v.;] so in the M; (TA;) [and it is said that] الغَيْنَةُ الشَّجْرَآءُ is like الغَيْضَةُ الخَضْرَآءُ: or, accord. to Abu-l- 'Ameythel [or 'Omeythil], (S, TA,) غَيْنَةٌ signifies [A collection of] tangled, or confused, or dense, trees, (S, K, TA,) in the mountains, and in the plain, or soft, land, (TA,) without water; (S, K, TA;) if with water, called غَيْضَةٌ: (S, TA:) [and Golius states, as on the authority of Yákoot, that ↓ غَانٌ signifies the same as غَيْنَةٌ.]

غِينَةٌ The fluid that runs from a carcass, or corpse, (S,) or from the dead: and [the humour, or matter, termed] صَدِيد, q. v. (K.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

أَغْيَنُ Green: (S, TA:) or green inclining to blackness: (so in one of my copies of the S:) and [its fem.] غَيْنَآءُ is applied to a tree (شَجَرَةٌ) as meaning green, (AO, S, K, TA,) abounding with leaves, having tangled, or dense, branches, (AO, S, TA,) and soft, or tender: and sometimes it is thus applied to herbs: (TA:) or [applied to a tree] it signifies great, having wide shade: from the phrase غَانَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا, expl. in the beginning of this art.: (Ham p. 574:) and أَغْيَنُ signifies [also] such as is tall, (K, TA,) of trees, or, by way of comparison [thereto], of men: (TA:) the pl. is غِينٌ: (S, TA:) which is expl. by Kr as meaning the abundance, and collected state, and beauty, of [the trees called] أَرَاك and سِدْر; but what is well known is that it is pl. of غَيْنَآء

applied to a tree; of which ↓ غِينَةٌ, with kesr, has also been mentioned as a pl., though, as ISd says, this is not known in the [genuine] language, nor is it agreeable with the analogy of Arabic. (TA.) مُغْيِن, in the original form, [for مُغِين, act. part. n. of أَغَانَ,] is used by Ru-beh in the following verse: أَمْسَى بِلَالٌ كَالرَّبِيعِ المُدْجِنِ

أَمْطَرَ فِى أَكْنَافِ غَيْنٍ مُغْيِنِ [There was, or came, in the evening, a moisture like the continual rain of winter that has rained in the tracts of overspreading clouds]. (S.)

غوص

1 غَاصَ فِى المَآءِ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Msb,) inf. n. غَوْصٌ (S, A, K) and مَغَاصٌ and غِيَاصَةٌ and غِيَاصٌ, (K,) He dived in, or descended beneath, the water; (S, A, K;) or entered into the water; (TA;) to fetch out what was in it. (Msb [in my copy of which, the particle فى is omitted, app. by a slip of the transcriber].) b2: غِيَاصَةٌ [also] signifies The diving in the sea for pearls; (S;) and غَوْصٌ signifies [the same: or both signify] the fetching out pearls from beneath the water. (Mgh.) b3: [Hence,] you say also, غَاصَ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (K,) inf. n. غَوْصٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [He dived for the thing, or affair, so as to elicit it; or] he knew the thing, or affair. (K, TA.) And غَاصَ عَلَى المَعَانِى حَتَّى

بَلَغَ أَقْصَاهَا وَاسْتَخْرَجَ مَا بَعُدَ مِنْهَا وَدَقَّ فَهْمُهُ (tropical:) [He dived for the meanings so that he reached the uttermost of them, and elicited what was remote of them, and the understanding whereof was subtile]. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ يَغُوصُ عَلَى حَقَائِقِ العِلْمِ (tropical:) [Such a one dives for the verities of science]. (A, TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ غَوْصَهُ عَلَيْهَا (tropical:) [How good is his diving for them!]. (A, TA.) And مَا غَاصَ غَوْصَةً إِلَّا أَخْرَجَ دُرَّةً (tropical:) [He did not dive a single diving but he fetched out what was like a pearl, or a large pearl]. (A, TA.) b4: You say also, غَاصَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَوْصٌ, He pounced, or came suddenly, or at unawares, upon the thing. (Msb.) 2 غوّصهُ فِى المَآءِ He made him to dive in, or descend beneath, the water; (A;) he immersed, immerged, dipped, plunged, or sunk, him therein. (TA.) غَوْصٌ [originally an inf. n.]: see مَغَاصٌ, in two places.

غَوْصَةٌ [A single diving in, or descent beneath, water: see 1, last sentence but one]. (A.) غَوَّاصٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

غَائِصٌ One who dives in, or descends beneath, or enters into, water; as also ↓ غَوَّاصٌ [which, however, has an intensive signification, or implies the habit of so doing]: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, (S, A, K,) or both, (Az, TA,) particularly one who dives in the sea for pearls, (S, A, K,) or for pearl-shells, and fetches them out: (Az, TA:) pl. غُوَّاصٌ, (A, TA,) of the former, (TA,) and غَاصَةٌ, (A, TA,) [also of the former,] and [of the latter]

غَوَّاصُونَ. (TA.) b2: [Hence the saying,] هَوَ مِنْ صَاغَةِ الفِقَرِ وَغَاصَةِ الدُّرَرِ (tropical:) [He is of the moulders of فِقَر, lit., as thus used, ornaments fashioned in the form of the vertebræ of the back, but here meaning choice phrases or sentences; and of the divers for, and producers of, (expressions like) pearls, or large pearls]. (A, TA.) b3: [Hence likewise,] ↓ غَوَّاصٌ also signifies (tropical:) One who exercises art, craft, cunning, or skill, in ordering the means of obtaining subsistence. (TA.) b4: And غَائِصٌ also signifies One who pounces, or comes suddenly, or at unawares, upon a thing; (JK, S, Msb;) as also, (JK, Msb,) but in an intensive sense, (Msb,) ↓ غَوَّاصٌ: (JK, Msb:) pl. of the former غَاصَةٌ. (Msb.) مَغَاصٌ A place where one dives in, or descends beneath, water; (Lth, A, K;) as also ↓ غَوْصٌ: (Lth, Mgh:) or ↓ the latter signifies particularly a place [where one dives and] whence pearls are fetched out. (JK, Mgh. *) You say also, هٰذَا مَغَاصُ اللُّؤْلُؤِ This is the diving-place for pearls. (A.) b2: Also The upper part of the سَاق [or shank, &c.]. (JK, Sgh, K.)

غلم

1 غَلِمَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. غَلَمٌ (Msb, K, TA) and غُلْمَةٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ اغتلم, (Msb, K,) only the latter of which, accord. to As, is said of other than man, though sometimes said of a man; (Msb;) He was, or became, excited by lust, or appetence: (TA:) or overcome thereby: (M, K, TA:) said of a man; and in like manner one says of a girl, or young woman: (TA:) or he was, or became, vehemently affected with lust, or carnal desire. (Msb.) And ↓ اغتلم said of a camel; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and [accord. to some, contr. to an assertion mentioned above,] غَلِمَ, (S, K,) inf. n. غُلْمَةٌ; (S;) He was, or became, excited (S, Mgh, Msb, K) by lust, (S, K,) or by vehement lust, (Mgh, Msb,) to cover. (S, Msb, K.) 4 اغلمهُ It (a thing) excited his lust, or appetence. (K, * TA.) And اغلم said of a beverage, It strengthened in the venereal faculty. (TA in art. اول.) A2: See also 8, in two places.8 اغتلم: see 1, in two places. b2: Also He (a boy) attained to the limit of what is termed الغُلُومَة [app. meaning the seventeenth year]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b3: Said of a beverage, or wine, (tropical:) It was, or became, strong in its influence upon the head. (Mgh, TA. *) b4: Said of the sea, ?? It became stirred up, in a state of commotion, or tumultuous; its waves dashing together: as also ↓ أَغْلَمَ. (TA.) b5: And الاِغْتِلَامُ and ↓ الإِغْلَامُ signify (assumed tropical:) The exceeding the prescribed limit, of good or of evil. (TA.) غَلِمٌ, (Msb, K, TA,) and ↓ غِلِّيمٌ, (S, K, TA,) but this has an intensive signification, (S, TA,) and ↓ مِغْلِيمٌ, (K, TA,) [but this also has an intensive signification,] Excited by lust, or appetence: (TA:) or overcome thereby: (K, TA:) or vehemently affected with lust, or carnal desire (Msb:) [or the first may generally be better rendered in a state of excitement, or of vehement excitement, by lust and the second and third, lustful, or vehemently lustful:] the epithets applied to a female are غَلِمَةٌ and ↓ مُغْتَلِمَةٌ and ↓ غِلِّيمَةٌ and ↓ غِلِّيمٌ, (K, TA,) this last being applied to a male and to a female, (Az, TA,) and [particularly] applied to a he-camel, (TA,) and ↓ مغْليمَةٌ and ↓ مِغْلِيمٌ, (K, TA,) the last [which is ??

in the CK] being, like غِلِّيمٌ, applied to a male and to a female: (Az, TA:) and ↓ غَيْلَمٌ likewise is applied to a girl, or young woman. in the sense of مُغْتَلِمَةٌ. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., خَيْرُالنِّسَآءِ الغَلِمَةُ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا [The best of women is the appetent to her husband]. (TA.) غُلُمٌ, with two dammehs, [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] is expl. by IAar as signifying مَحْبُوسُونَ [Persons confined, restricted, imprisoned, &c.]. (TA.) غُلْمَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA, &c.,) written by some غِلْمَةٌ, [like a pl. of غُلَامٌ,] is expl. by a number of authors as signifying Lust, appetence, or carnal desire: and the desire, or eager desire, of [i. e. experienced by] غِلْمَان [meaning young men]: (TA:) or it signifies vehement lust or appetence: (Msb:) it is also of women, (K and TA in art. ترج,) meaning their lust, or appetence: (TA ibid.:) [and] it is used [also] in relation to a camel, signifying his lust to cover. (S, K, TA.) [See also 1, where it is mentioned as an inf. n. In the K, voce قَعِرَةٌ, it is used as meaning The gratification of venereal lust.]

غُلَامٌ [A young man, youth, boy, or male child:] one whose mustache is growing forth or has grown forth: (Mgh, K:) or one from the time of his birth until he attains to the period termed شَبَاب [meaning young manhood (see غُلُومَةٌ)]: (K:) or i. q. اِبْنٌ صَغِيرٌ [meaning a son that has not attained to puberty]: (Msb:) and also applied to (tropical:) such as is termed كَهْل [i. e. one of middle age, or between that age and the period when his hair has become intermixed with hoariness]: (IAar, Msb, K:) Az states his having heard the Arabs call thus the new-born child and also the كَهْل: (Msb:) the female is [sometimes] termed غُلَامَةٌ; (S, K;) [i. e.] غُلَامَةٌ occurs in poetry, applied to a جَارِيَة: (Msb:) the pl. of غُلَامٌ is غِلْمَةٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) a pl. of pauc., (Msb,) and أَغْلِمَةٌ, (K,) [also a pl. of pauc.,] or of these two pls. they used only the former, (S, IAth, TA,) or some of them did so, (M, TA,) and غِلْمَانٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) [a pl. of mult.,] or this is pl. of غِلْمَةٌ: (Msb:) the dim. of غُلَامٌ is ↓ غُلَيِّمٌ; (TA;) and that of غِلْمَةٌ is ↓ أُغَيْلِمَةٌ, as if it were the dim. of أَغْلِمَةٌ though [it has been said that] they did not use this last word; but some of them said ↓ غُلَيْمَةٌ, agreeably with analogy. (S, TA.) b2: It is also used as meaning (tropical:) A male slave; like as جَارِيَةٌ is used as meaning “ a female slave: ” b3: and as meaning (tropical:) A hireling [or servant]. (Mgh.) غُلُومَةٌ and ↓ غُلُومِيَّةٌ (S, K) and ↓ غُلَامِيَّةٌ (K) The state, or condition, of such as is termed غُلَام: (S, K: *) the second is expl. by Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb as meaning the period from birth to the seventeenth year. (TA voce شَبَابٌ.) غُلَيْمَةٌ dim. of غِلْمَةٌ pl. of غُلَامٌ, q. v. (S, TA.) غُلَامِيَّةٌ: see غُلُومَةٌ.

غُلُومِيَّةٌ: see غُلُومَةٌ.

غُلَيِّمٌ dim. of غُلَامٌ, q. v. (TA.) غِلِّيمٌ, and its fem., see غَلِمٌ, in three places.

غَيْلَمٌ: see غَلِمٌ. b2: Also A beautiful woman. (TA.) b3: And A youth, or young man, broad, (K, TA,) in the M large, (TA,) in the place of the parting of the hair of the head, having much hair; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ غَيْلَمِىٌّ. (Lth, K, TA.) b4: مَا بِالدَّارِ غَيْلَمٌ means [There is not in the house] any one. (K.) A2: Also The tortoise: (TA:) or the male tortoise. (S, K, TA. [In the Msb said to be, in this sense, غَلِيم, like زَبِيب.]) b2: And The frog. (K.) [Or so عَيْلَمٌ.]

A3: and The place whence issues the water in wells. (K. [See also عَيْلَمٌ.]) A4: The word signifying “ a comb,” and “ a [thing with which the head is scratched, called] مِدْرًى,” is فَيْلَم, with ف, but has been mistranscribed [غَيْلَم], (K, TA,) by Lth, as has been notified by Az. (TA.) غَيْلَمِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَغْلَمُ [More, and most, exciting to lust]. It is said that أَغْلَمُ الأَلْبَانِ لَبَنُ الخَلِقَةِ [The most exciting to lust, of milks, is the milk of the pregnant camel, or such as has completed a year after bringing forth and has then been covered and has conceived]; i. e., to him who drinks it. (TA.) أُغَيْلِمَةٌ a dim. of غِلْمَةٌ pl. of غُلَامٌ, q. v. (S, TA.) مَغْلَمَةٌ A cause [of lusting, or] of vehemence of lusting: such is said to be the drinking of the milk of the أَيِّل [or إِيَّل i. e. mountain-goat]. (TA.) مِغْلِيمٌ, and with ة: see غَلِمٌ, in three places.

مُغْتَلِمٌ: see its fem. voce غَلِمٌ. b2: سِقَآءٌ مُغْتَلِمٌ, (Mgh, TA,) and خَابِيَةٌ مُغْتَلِمَةٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [A skin, and a jar,] of which the beverage, or wine, is strong in its influence upon the head. (Mgh, TA. *) b3: The خَارِجِىّ is called مَارِقٌ مُغْتَلِمٌ (assumed tropical:) [A deviater from the true religion,] an exceeder of the prescribed limit. (TA.)

هيب

1 هَابَهُ, (S, K, &c.,) first Pers\. هِبْتُ, originally هَبِيْتُ, (S,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) [originally يَهْيَبُ,] and يَهِيبُ, (IKtt, cited by MF,) imp. هَبْ, originally هَابْ, (S,) inf. n. هَيْبَةٌ (S, K, Msb) and مَهَابَةٌ (S, K) and هَيْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اهتابه and ↓ تهيّبه; (K;) [He revered, venerated, respected, honoured, dreaded, or feared, him or it;] he regarded him or it, i. e., anything, TA,) with reverence, veneration, respect, honour, dread, or awe; (S, K, * Msb, TA;) and fear; (S, K;) cautious fear, or caution. (K, Msb.) b2: هَبِ النَّاسَ يَهَابُوكَ Reverence men, [and] they will reverence thee. (TA.) b3: هُوبَ, in which the original ى is changed into و, [He (a man) was regarded with reverence, veneration, or awe; with fear; or with cautious fear, or caution]. (S, K.) 2 هَيَّبْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ I made it to be regarded by him with reverence, veneration, or awe; with fear; or with cautious fear, or caution. (S, K.) 4 اهاب بِصَاحِبِهِ (tropical:) He called his companion. And in like manner, أَهَبْتُ بِهِ إِلَى الخَيْرِ (tropical:) I called him, or invited him, to what was good. (MF.) b2: اهاب بِالإِبِلِ He called to the camels, in driving them or urging them, by the cry هَابْ هَابْ. (K.) b3: اهاب بِغَنَمِهِ He (a pastor) cried out to his sheep, or goats, in order that they might stop, or return: and اهاب بِالبَعِيرِ [He cried out to the camel, for the same purpose]. (S.) الإِهَابَةُ is The crying out to camels, and calling them. (As and others.) b4: اهاب بَالخَيْلِ He called the horses, or called out to them by the cry هَابِ, (so in the S and in a MS. copy of the K: in the CK, هَابْ,) or by the cry of هَبْ and هَبِى, meaning Come! Approach! or Advance boldly! (K.) Az remarks his having heard هاب used [as a cry] only to horses; not to camels. (TA.) See هَبْهَبَ, in art. هب.5 تَهَيَّبَ see 1. b2: تَهَيَّبَنِى It filled me with awe, or fear: (El Jarmee:) it made me to fear: (S, ISd, Msb:) I regarded it with awe, or fear; i. q. تَهَيَّبْتُهُ: (Th:) I feared it; i. q. خِفْتُهُ. (S, ISd, K.) Ibn-Mukbil says, وَمَاتَهَيَّبُنِى المَوْمَاةُ أَرْكَبُهَا

إِذَا تَجَاوَبَتِ الأَصْدَاءُ بِالسَّحَرِ [And the waterless desert fills me not with awe, or fear; (or makes me not to fear, &c.;) I ride over it when the male owls (?) answer one another at early dawn: تهيّبنى being for تَتَهَيَّبُنِى]. (S, &c.) 8 إِهْتَيَبَ see 1.

هَبْ (K) and ↓ هَابِ and ↓ هَبِى, (S, K,) [but respecting the second of these words see 4,] Cries to horses, meaning, Come! Approach! (S, K,) or Advance boldly! (K.) هَابِ and هَبِى: see هَبْ.

هَابٌ (assumed tropical:) A serpent. (K.) b2: هَابٌ A calling to camels, in driving, or urging, them, by the cry هَابْ هَابْ. (K.) b3: See 4.

هَيْبَانٌ: see هَائِبٌ, and مَهِيبٌ.

هَيُوبٌ: see هَائِبٌ, and مَهِيبٌ.

هَيْبَةٌ and ↓ مَهَابَةٌ: see 1. b2: [As substs., Reverence, veneration, respect, honour, dread, or awe; fear; cautious fear, or caution.] b3: Also, great, reverend, or venerable, dignity; a quality inspiring reverence or veneration or respect or honour; venerableness; awfulness; a quality inspiring dread or awe. (MF.) هَيَّبٌ: see هَائِبٌ.

هَيَِّبَانٌ: see هَائِبٌ. b2: هَيَّبَانٌ (K) or [rather]

↓ هَيِّبَانٌ, (TA, [see هَائِبٌ]) A he-goat: (K:) explained by the word تَيْسٌ; but this is a signification not found [by SM] elsewhere, and appears to be a mistake for مَنْتَفِشٌ; for in the L and other lexicons we find the word explained by مُنْتَفِشٌ خَفِيفٌ, Scattered, and light; with a citation of the following verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh: تَمُجُّ اللُّغَامَ الهَيَِّبَانَ كَأَنَّهُ جَنَى عُشَرٍ تَنْفِيهِ أَشْدَاقُهَا الهُدْلُ [She ejects from her mouth the scattered and light froth, as though it were plucked fruit of the 'oshar which the flabby sides of her mouth cast forth:] and we also find, in the R, قُطْنٌ هيّبانٌ explained as signifying cotton that is plucked, or teased with the fingers, so as to become scattered; syn. منتفش: or هيّبان signifies, in the abovecited verse, accord. to some, Light, [which signification is also given in the K, but in the CK displaced; following, instead of preceding, the word الرَّاعِى, and without و before it;] and separated into small particles: (TA:) [or] the froth of the mouth of camels; (Az, K;) i. q. لُغَامٌ: (Mj, Sifr es-Sa'ádeh:) Az cites the above verse; and says, that the fruit of the عُشَر [or asclepias gigantea] comes forth like a small pomegranate, and, when burst open, discloses what resembles [white] raw silk; to which the poet likens the froth of the camel's mouth. (TA.) b3: هَيَّبَانٌ (or هَيِّبَانٌ, TA,) A pastor. (K, from Es-Seeráfee.) [Accord. to the CK, a light, or an active pastor: but see above.] b4: هَيَّبَانٌ (or ↓ هَيِّبَانٌ, TA,) Dust, or earth: syn. تُرَابٌ. (K.) b5: See هَائبٌ.

هَيِّبَانٌ: see هَيَّبَانٌ.

هَيَّابٌ: see هَائِبٌ.

هَيَّابَةٌ: see هَائِبٌ.

هَائِبٌ [act. part. n. of هَابَ, Regarding with reverence, veneration, dread, or awe; with fear; with cautious fear, or caution;] fearing men. (K.) This is the original [simple] epithet. (TA.) b2: The following, which are explained in the K in the same manner as the above, are intensive epithets: (TA:) namely ↓ هَيُوبٌ (S, K) and هَيُوبَةٌ, (S, L,) [in which the ة is added to strengthen the intensiveness,] and ↓ هَيَّابٌ and هَيَّابَةٌ, (S, K,) in which ة is added for the purpose above mentioned, (TA,) and ↓ هَيِّبٌ, (K,) which may be contracted into هَيْتٌ, (TA,) and ↓ هَيْبَانٌ (K) and ↓ هَيِّبَانٌ (S, K) and ↓ هَيَّبَانٌ; (K;) of which last two forms, the latter only is admitted by some of the learned; but MF admits only the former of them; asserting فَيْعَلَانٌ to be unknown as the measure of an unsound word, like as فيَعِلَان is unknown as that of a sound word except in extr. instances; (TA;) [Having much reverence, veneration, dread, or awe; much fear; much cautious fear, or caution:] fearing men [much]: (K:) a coward, who regards men with awe, or fear, &c.: (S:) [The last of these epithets is also explained in the CK as signifying having much fear, or very fearful; (كَثِيرُ الخَوْفِ;) and a coward: but in the TA and in a MS copy of the K, الخوف is omitted; and in the TA is added by the author, after كثير, the words من كلّ شىُ; as though the meaning of the word were “ much, or many, of any things: ” the correct reading seems to be the former, and the meaning intended by SM, having much fear, or very fearful, of everything: in like manner] ↓ هَيُوبٌ signifies a man who fears everything. (TA.) b3: ↓ الإِيمَانُ هَيُوبٌ [Faith is fearful, or very fearful; i. e.,] he who possesses faith fears acts of disobedience: occurring in a trad.: (S:) in this case, هيوب is used in the sense of an act. part. n.: or it signifies [faith is feared; or regarded with reverence, &c.; i. e.,] he who possesses faith is feared, or regarded with reverence, &c.: in which case هيوب is used in the sense of a pass. part. n. (TA.) هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ مَهْيَبَةٌ لَكَ [This thing is a cause of awe, or fear, to thee]. (S.) مَهَابٌ: see مَهِيبٌ.

مَهَابَةٌ: see هَيْبَةٌ.

مَهُوبٌ: see مَهِيبٌ.

مَهِيبٌ and ↓ مَهُوبٌ, (S, K,) the former agreeable with rule, (TA,) and ↓ هَيُوبٌ, (K) [respecting which see also هَائِبٌ,] and ↓ هَيْبَانٌ, (Th, IM, K,) [Regarded with reverence, veneration, respect, honour, dread, or awe; with fear; with cautious fear, or caution;] a man whom others regard with reverence, &c.; (S;) a man whom others fear. (K.) b2: مَكَانٌ مَهُوبٌ, formed from the verb هُوبَ, the original ى being changed into و (S, K,) A place regarded with awe, or fear; (S;) a place in which one is impressed with awe, or fear: as also ↓ مَكَانٌ مَهَابٌ: (S, K:) مَهَابٌ signifies a place of awe, or fear. (IB.) b3: المَهِيبُ and المَهُوبُ and ↓ المُتَهَيَّبُ (assumed tropical:) The lion: (K:) because regarded with awe, or fear, by men. (TA.) المُتَهَيَّبُ: see المَهِيبُ.

هدر

1 هَدَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, A, Msb, K) and هَدُرَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. هَدْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and هَدَرٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) It (a man's blood, S, A, Msb, K, or another thing, K) went for nothing; [meaning, in the case of blood, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulet; as shown below, voce هَدَرٌ;] it was, or became, of no account, null, or void; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اهدر. (Msb.) A2: هَدَرَهُ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) He (a man, Msb, K, or the Sultán, S, A,) made it (a man's blood) to go for nothing; [meaning, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct;] he made it to be of no account; (A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اهدرهُ; (S, A, Msb, K;) which means he made it (a man's blood) allowable to be taken, or shed. (S, TA.) Thus these two verbs are trans. as well as intrans. (Msb.) It is said in a trad, مَنِ اطَّلَعَ فِى دَارٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ فَقَدْ هُدِرَتْ عَيْنُهُ [Whoso looketh into a house without permission, his eye shall be allowed to be put out; or] the putting out of his eye shall go for nothing, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct. (TA.) One says also, هَدَرْتَنِى بِإِسْقَاطِ الحَدِّ عَنِّى

[Thou hast made me (meaning my offence) to pass unnoticed, or host taken no account of me, by annulling in respect of me the prescribed castigation]. (K, art. بهرج.) And El-'Ajjáj says, وَهَدَرَ الجَدَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ الهَذَرْ which El-Báhilee explains as meaning, And the worthless people have made good fortune to become of no account. (TA.) A3: هَذَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (K) [and app. هَدُرَ also], inf. n. هَدِيرٌ (S, K) and هَدْرٌ (K) and هُدُورٌ, (TA,) said of a camel, (S, K,) that is advanced in age, (S, in art. نقض,) [He brayed; i. e.,] he reiterated his voice in his حَنْجَرَة [or windpipe, or the head of his windpipe]: (S:) or he uttered his voice, not in a شِقْشِقَة [q. v.]: (K:) and ↓ هدّر, (S, K,) inf. n. تَهْدِيرٌ, (S,) signifies the same: (S, K:) Z mentions also تَهْدَارٌ as an inf. n. of هَدَرَ said of a stallion, [meaning a stallioncamel.] (TA.) b2: Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ يَهْدِرُ فِى مَنْطِقِهِ, and فِى خُطْبَتِهِ, (tropical:) [He is sonorous and fluent in his speech, and in his oration:] and هَدَرَتْ شِقْشِقَتُهُ (tropical:) [His utterance was sonorous and fluent.] (A, TA.) b3: هَدَرَ is also said of a calf, [signifying, (assumed tropical:) He lowed] (TA, art. كت, from the Nh.) b4: Also, of a lion, [signifying, (assumed tropical:) He roared.] (S, TA, voce قَبْقَبَ.) b5: Also هَدَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K) and هَدُرَ, (Msb,) inf. n. هَدِيرٌ (S, IKtt, Msb, TA) and هَدْرٌ and تَهْدَارٌ, (K,) said of a pigeon (tropical:) It uttered a cry: (S, K:) or cooed, syn. قَرْقَرَ, (A,) or سَجَعَ, (Msb,) and reiterated its voice, or cry, in its حَنْجَرَة [or windpipe, or the head of its windpipe]: (A:) its cry being apparently likened to the هَدِير of the camel: and هَدَلَ signifies the same. (TA.) b6: Also هَدَرَ said of a boy, (As.) when he desires to speak, being young, or little, (Abu-s-Semeyda',) (assumed tropical:) He uttered a sound, or cry; as also هَدَلَ. (As, TA.) b7: It is also said of thunder; inf. n. هَدِيرٌ; signifying (tropical:) It made a [loud, or rumbling,] sound, or noise, (A.) b8: You say also, of شَرَاب [or wine], هَذَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. هَدْرٌ and تَهْدَارٌ, (S, TA,) meaning, (assumed tropical:) It fermented; syn. غَلَى. (S, K.) And هَدَرَتْ جَرَّةٌ النَّبِيذِ, (TA,) aor. ـِ (A, TA,) inf. n. هَدِيرٌ and تَهْدَارٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [The jar of نبيذ fermented.] El-Akhtal says, describing wine, كُمَّتْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ بِطِينَتِهَا حَتَّى إِذَا صَرَّحَتْ مِنْ بِعْدِ تَهْدَارِ [It was stopped three years with its lump of clay, until, when it became free from froth, after fermenting]. (S, TA.) 2 هدّر, said of a camel: see 1.4 اهدر: see هَدَرَ.

A2: اهدرهُ: see هَدَرَهُ.6 تهادروا They made one another's blood to go for nothing; [meaning, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct;] they made it to be of no account. (K, TA.) هَدْرٌ: see هَدَرٌ: A2: and see also هَادِرٌ.

هِدْرٌ: see هَادِرٌ.

هَدْرٌ, a subst. from هَدَرَ in the first of the senses explained above. (Msb.) You say, ذَهَبَ دَمُهُ هَدَرًا, (S, A, Msb,) and هَدْرًا, (S, Msb,) His blood went for nothing, or as a thing of no account, (S, A, Msb,) unretaliated, (S, Msb,) and uncompensated by a mulct. (S, TA.) b2: Also, applied to blood, &c., A thing that goes for nothing; [meaning, in the case of blood, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct;] what is of no account, ineffectual, null, or void; (A, K;) [as also جُبَارٌ.] You say, دِمَاؤُهُمْ هَدَرٌ بَيْنَهُمْ Their blood (lit, bloods) is made to go for nothing, or to be of no account, among them; (K, * TA:) is allowed to be taken, or shed. (TA.) b3: See also هَادِرٌ.

هُدَرَةٌ: see هَادِرٌ; the former, in two places.

هِدَرَةٌ: see هَادِرٌ; the former, in two places.

جَرَّةٌ هَدُورٌ (tropical:) [A jar of wine or نَبِيذ fermenting much]. (TA.) فَحْلٌ هَدَّارٌ [A stallion- camel that brays much]. (TA.) See also هَادِرٌ. b2: رَعْدٌ هَدَّارٌ (tropical:) [Loud, or rumbling, thunder]. (A.) هَادِرٌ, applied to a man, (tropical:) Low; ignoble; mean; of no account; worthless; (K;) as also ↓ هَدْرٌ, (Kr, K,) and ↓ هُدَرَةٌ; (S, K;) which last is also applied to a woman: (K, TA: [in the former of which it seems to be implied that هَدَرَةٌ and ↓ هِدَرَةٌ are also applied, each, to a man and to a woman; but it appears from what is said in the TA that this is not the case:]) pl. هَدَرَةٌ and هُدَرَةٌ and هِدَرَةٌ; the first of which is the most agreeable with analogy, like كَفَرَةٌ, pl. of كَافِرٌ; the second being of a measure exclusively belonging to words which are unsound [in the last radical letter], as in the instances of غُزَاةٌ and قُضَاةٌ, [originally غُزَوَةٌ and قُضَيَةٌ, pls. of غَازٍ and قَاضٍ,] unless, indeed, it be a quasi-pl. n.; and some disapprove it, finding fault with IAar who relates it: the third, moreover, is not a pl. of a form, [regularly] belonging to a sing. of the measure فَاعِلٌ, whether sound or unsound: (ISd, TA:) [or, accord. to Sb, it is a quasi-pl. n.:] or it is pl. of ↓ هِدْرٌ. (TA,) which signifies a heavy man, (K, TA,) in whom is no good; analogous with قِرَدَةٌ, pl. of قِرْدٌ. (TA:) and ↓ هَدَرٌ [a quasi-pl. n. of هَادِرٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ,] signifies low, ignoble, or mean, people, in whom is no good. (TA.) You say, هُمْ هَدَرَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and هِدَرَةٌ, (IAar, TS, K,) and هُدَرَةٌ, (IAar, ISd, K,) (tropical:) They are low, ignoble, or mean, people; of no account, or worthless. (IAar, S, A, * K, &c.) A2: [A braying camel: fem. with ة pl. of the latter, هَوَادِرُ. You say,] إِبِلٌ هَوَادِرٌ [Braying camels;] camels reiterating their voices in their حَنَاجِر. (S.) See also مُهَدِّرٌ, and مُبَحْثِرٌ. and هَدَّارٌ. b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ فُحْلٌ هَادِرٌ (tropical:) [app. Such a one is a vigorous orator of sonorous and fluent speech]. (A.) كَالْمُهَدِّرِ فِى العُنَّةِ [Like the brayer in the enclosure of wood, or canes, or trees]: a proverb: applied to a man who raises a cry and clamour which is followed by nothing, (S, A, *) or who raises a cry and clamour and does not make his saying or action to have effect: (A, K) like the camel that is confined in the enclosure of wood or canes or trees, prevented from covering, and brays. (S, K.)

جلب

1 جَلَبَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَلْبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جَلَبٌ, (S, K,) He drove, (A, K,) or brought, conveyed, or transported, (Mgh,) a thing, (S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K, *) or things, such as camels, sheep, goats, horses, captives, or slaves, or any merchandise, (TA,) from one place to another, (A, K,) or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as also ↓ اجتلب, (A, K, KL,) and ↓ استجلب. (KL.) And جَلَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ إِلَي نَفْسِى and ↓ اِجْتَلَبْتُهُ signify the same; (S;) i. e. (assumed tropical:) I brought, drew, attracted, or procured, the thing to myself. (PS.) [Hence,] ذَا مِمَّا يَجْلِبُ الإِخْوَانَ (tropical:) [This is of the things that bring, draw, attract, or procure, brothers, or friends]. (A, TA.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ جَلَبَتُهُ جَوَالِبُ (tropical:) [The calamities of time, or of fortune, or of fate, brought, drew, or attracted, him, or it]. (A, TA.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] لَا جَلَبَ وَ لَا جَنَبَ, a trad., explained as meaning, The owner of cattle shall not be required to drive them, or bring them, to the town, or country, in order that the collector may take from them the portion appointed for the poor-rate, but this shall be taken at the waters; and when the cattle are in the yards, they shall be left therein, and not brought forth to the place of pasture, for the collector to take that portion: or, as some say, ولا جنب means, nor shall one have a horse led by his side, in a race, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may tranfser himself to it, and so outstrip his fellow: and other explanations have been given: (Msb:) [accord. to some,] لا جلب here means, they shall not drive, or bring, their cattle to the collector of the portions appointed for the poor-rate in the place where he alights, but he shall himself come to their yards and take those portions: or [جلب here is from the verb جَلَبَ in a sense which will be explained below, and] the trad. relates to horse-racing, and means, one shall not cause his horse to be followed by a man crying out at it and chiding it; nor shall he have a horse without a rider led by his own horse, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may transfer himself to it, and outstrip upon it: (Mgh:) or الجَلَبُ, which is forbidden, means the collector's not coming to the people at their waters to take the portions appointed for the poor-rate, but ordering them to drive, or bring, their cattle to him: or it relates to contending for a stake, or wager, and means the mounting a man upon one's horse, and, when he has drawn near to the goal, following his horse and crying out at it, in order that it may outstrip; which is a kind of fraud: (S:) or it is used in both these cases: (A 'Obeyd: [his explanations are virtually the same as those in the S:]) or the meaning of the trad. [so far as the former clause of it is concerned] is, that the contributions to the poor-rate shall not be driven, or brought, to the waters nor to the great towns, but shall be given in their places of pasture: or it means, [or rather الجلب means,] the collector's alighting in a place, and then sending a person, or persons, to drive, or bring, to him the cattle from their places, that he may take the portion thereof appointed for the poor-rate: or it [relates to horse-racing, and] means the sending forth a horse in the racecourse, and a number of persons' congregating, and crying out at it, in order that it may be turned from its course: or a man's following his horse, and spurring on behind it, and chiding it, and crying out at it: (K, TA:) or the shaking a thing behind a horse that is backward in a race, that it may be urged on thereby, and outstrip: or one's riding a horse, and leading behind him another, to urge it on, in contending for a stake, or wager: or the crying out at a horse from behind, and urging it to outstrip. (TA. See also 1 in art. جنب.) b2: جَلَبَ لأَهْلِهِ He gained or earned; sought or sought after or sought to gain [provisions &c.; generally meaning he purveyed]; and exercised art or cunning or skill, in the management of his affairs; for his family; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A2: جَلَبُوا, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (K,) [inf. n. جَلَبٌ, and perhaps جَلَبَةٌ also;] and ↓ جلّبوا; (S, K;) and ↓ اجلبوا, (K,) inf. n. إِجْلَابٌ; (Mgh;) [the second of which is the most common;] They raised cries, shouts, noises, a clamour, (S, Mgh, TA,) or confused cries or shouts or noises. (Mgh, K. *) And جَلَبَ عَلَي فَرَسِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. جَلَبٌ, (S,) or جَلْبٌ, (Msb,) He chid, or urged on, his horse; as also ↓ جلّب and ↓ اجلب; (K;) the first, rare; the second and third, usual: (TA:) he cried out at his horse, (S, K,) from behind him, and urged him to outstrip [in a race], (S,) aor. ـُ and جَلِبَ; (K; but this explanation is erased in the copy of the K in its author's handwriting, as being a repetition; and rightly, accord. to MF; though this requires consideration; TA;) as also ↓ اجلب: (S:) he urged his horse to run, by striking, or goading, or by crying out, or the like; as also ↓ اجلب: or, as some say, he led behind his horse that he was riding another horse to urge on the former, in contending [in a race] for a stake, or wager; as is shown in an explanation of the tradition cited above, لَا جَلَبَ وَلَا جَنَبَ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xvii. 66], عَلَيْهِمْ بِخَيْلِكَ وَرَجْلِكَ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ And raise thou confused cries against them, (Mgh,) or cry out against them, with thy forces riding and on foot.(Bd. But see another explanation in what follows.) And it is said in a wellknown prov., جَلَبَتْ جَلْبَةً ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَتْ It, i. e. a cloud (سَحَابَة), thundered, then refrained from raining: applied to a coward, who threatens, and then is silent: but accord. to some, it is with ح in the place of ج (MF. See art. حلب.) b2: [Hence,] جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ; and ↓ اجلب; He threatened with evil; (K, TA;) followed by an accus. (TA) [or, app., by عَلَى before the object]: or (so in the TA, but in some copies of the K “ and,”) he collected a company, a troop, or an army. (K, TA.) [It is said that] عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ, in the Kur [xvii. 66], means And collect thou against them [thy forces], and threaten them with evil. (TA. But see another explanation above.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ اجلبو signifies also They collected themselves together against him, (S, K, *) and aided one another; like احلبوا. (S.) b3: جَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَلْبٌ, He committed a crime against him; or an offence for which he should be punished. (K, * TA.) A3: جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, K,) It (a wound) healed: (K:) or it (an ulcer, As, or a wound, S) became covered with a skin in healing: (As, S:) as also ↓ اجلب. (S, L.) b2: And It (blood) dried; became dry; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A4: جَلِبَ, aor. ـَ It [app. a company or troop] assembled, or became collected together. (K.) 2 جَلَّبَ see 1, in two places.

A2: The inf. n. تَجْلِيبٌ also signifies The act of bringing together: or collecting. (KL.) 3 جَاْلَبَ [جالب is explained by Golius, as on the authority of the KL, as meaning He helped, or assisted: but this is a mistake for حالب; for I find مُحَالَبَةٌ explained by يارى كردن in a copy of the KL, and the order of the words there shows that it is not a mistranscriptiou for مجالبة.]4 اجلب: see 1, in eleven places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: Also His camels brought forth males; (S, K;) because the males that they produce are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; opposed to احلب “ his camels brought forth females: ” (S:) and his camel brought forth a male. (TA.) أَجْلَبْتَ وَلَا أَحْلَبْتَ May thy camels bring forth males, and may they not bring forth females, is a form of imprecation against a man, implying a wish that he may lose the milk [that he would have otherwise]. (TA.) A3: He aided, helped, or assisted, another. (S, K.) [So, too, احلب.]

A4: He put an amulet into a جُلْبَة [which must therefore signify the piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed, as well as an amulet enclosed in a piece of skin: see مُجْلِبٌ]. (K.) b2: اجلب قَتَبَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِجْلابٌ, (T,) He covered his قتب [or camel's saddle] (S, K) with a جُلْبَة, i. e., (S,) with a piece of fresh, moist skin, which he left upon it until it became dry [and tight]: (S, K: *) or he covered the head of his قتب with a piece of kid's, or lamb's, skin, and left it to dry upon it. (T.) 5 تَجَلَّبَ [تجلّب rendered by Golius Clamorem ac murmur excitavit, as on the authority of the K, I do not find in that lexicon nor in any other.]7 انجلب It [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] was driven [or brought] from one place to another [or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic]. (K.) 8 اجتلب: see 1, first and second sentences. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a poet) took, or borrowed, from the poetry of another. (TA.) b3: And He sought or demanded [a thing]. (Har p. 44.) 10 استجلبهُ He sought, or demanded, or desired, that it [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] should be driven [or brought] from one place to another [in which he was, or from one country or town to another, for sale]. (K.) b2: See also 1, first sentence. R. Q. 1 جَلْبَبَهُ, (K,) or جلببهُ جِلْبَابًا, (TA,) inf. n. جَلْبَبَةٌ, the second ب not being incorporated into the first because the word is quasi-coordinate to the class of دَحْرَجَةٌ, (S,) He put on him a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب. (S, K.) Accord. to Kh, the first ب in جلبب is [augmentative] like the و in جَهْوَرَ and دَهْوَرَ: accord. to Yoo, the second is [augmentative] like the ى in سَلْقَى and جَعْبَى. (IJ, TA.) R. Q. 2 تَجَلْبَبَ, (K,) and تَجَلْبَبَتْ, (A, Msb,) He, and she, put on a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب; or clad himself, and herself, therewith. (A, Msb, K.) And تجلبب بِثَوْبَهَ He covered himself with his garment. (Har p. 162.) جُلْبٌ: see جِلْبٌ b2: Also The blackness of night; (K, TA;) and so ↓ جِلْبَابٌ. (Har p. 480. [The latter evidently tropical in this sense, and perhaps the former also.]) جِلْبٌ (S, K) and ↓ جُلْبٌ (S, L) A camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل, with what it contains, or comprises: (K:) or its cover: (Th, K:) or its pieces of wood: (S:) or its curved pieces of wood: (TA:) or its wood, without [the thongs called] أَنْسَاع and other apparatus. (K, TA.) A2: Also, both words, Clouds, (K,) or thin clouds, (S,) in which is no water: (S, K:) or clouds appearing, or extending sideways, (مُعْتَرِضٌ,) [in the horizon,] like a mountain [or mountainrange]: (K, TA:) or a cloud like that which is termed عَارِضٌ [q. v.], but narrower, and more distant, and inclining to blackness: (Az, TA in art. عرض:) pl. أَجْلَابٌ. (TA.) [See also جُلْبَةٌ.]

جَلَبٌ A thing, or things, driven, or brought, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) from one country or town to another, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or from one place to another, (A, K,) for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as horses, &c., (K,) camels, (TA,) sheep or goats, captives or slaves, (Lth, TA,) or any merchandise: (TA:) and so ↓جَلَبَةٌ, thus in the handwriting of the author of the K in his last copy of that work, and mentioned by more than one, (MF, [who adds that it is correct, but SM thinks it a mistake,]) and ↓ جَلِيبَةٌ and ↓ جُلُوبَةٌ: (K:) [see this last, below:] pl. [of the first]

أَجْلَابٌ. (K.) Hence the prov., النُّفَاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ The failure of provisions causes the camels, driven, or brought, from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale. (TA.) b2: [And, app., Male camels; like جَلُوبَةٌ; because they are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; (see 4;) opposed to حَلَبٌ, q. v.] b3: Also Persons who drive, or bring, camels and sheep or goats [&c.] from one place or country or town to another, for sale; and so [its pl.]

أَجْلَابٌ. (S.) [In the present day, ↓ جَلَّابٌ signifies One who brings slaves from foreign countries, particularly from African countries, for sale.]

A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ جَلَبَةٌ, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) [the former an inf. n., and so, perhaps, the latter, but often used as simple substs., the latter more commonly, meaning] Cries, shouts, noises, or clamour: (S, TA:) or a confusion, or mixture, (A, Mgh, K,) of cries or shouts or noises, (A, Mgh,) or of crying or shouting or noise. (K.) b2: And the former, An assembly of men. (TA.) جُلْبَةٌ The small piece of skin, (S,) or the crust, or scab, (A, K,) that forms over a wound (S, A, K) when it heals: (S, K:) pl. جُلَبٌ. (A.) b2: A piece of skin that is put upon the [kind of camel's saddle called] قَتَب. (S, K.) [See 4.] b3: [A piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed: see 4.] b4: An amulet upon which is sewed a piece of skin: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b5: A detached portion of cloud: (K:) [or] a cloud covering the sky. (IAar, TA.) [See also جِلْبٌ.] b6: A piece of land differing from that which adjoins it; a patch of ground; syn. بُقْعَةٌ. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَفِى جُلْبَةِ صِدْقٍ i. e. فى بُقْعَةِ صِدْقٍ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is in a good station or position: see art. بقع]. (TA.) b7: A detached portion of herbage or pasture. (K, * TA.) A2: Also Severity, or pressure, of time or fortune; (S, K;) like كُلْبَةٌ: (S:) and hunger: (so in some copies of the K:) or vehemence of hunger: (so in other copies of the K:) or severity; adversity; difficulty; trouble: (TA:) and a hard, distressful, or calamitous, year. (K.) جَلَبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ, in two places.

جِلِبَّاتٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ جِلْبَابٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned as an ex. of form by Sb, and thought by Seer to be syn. with the former, but not explained by any one except the author of the K; masc. and fem.; (TA;) A [woman's outer wrapping garment called] مِلْحَفَة: (S:) or this is its primary signification; but it is metaphorically applied to other kinds of garments: (El-Khafájee, TA:) or a shirt, (K, TA,) absolutely: or one that envelopes the whole body: (TA:) and a wide garment for a woman, less than the ملحفة: or one with which a woman covers over her other garments, like the ملحفة: or the [kind of head-covering called], خِمَار: (K:) so in the M: (TA:) or a garment wider than the خمار, but less than the رِدَآء (Mgh, L, Msb,) with which a woman covers her head and bosom: (L:) or a garment shorter, but wider, than the خمار; the same as the مِقْنَعَة: (En-Nadr, TA:) or a woman's head-covering: (TA:) or the [kind of wrapper called] إِزَار: (IAar, TA:) or a garment with which the person is entirely enveloped, so that not even a hand is left exposed, (Har p. 162, and TA,) of the kind called مُلَآءَة, worn by a woman: (TA:) or a garment, or other thing, that one uses as a covering: (IF, Msb:) pl. جَلَابِيبُ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also جُلْبٌ. b3: (assumed tropical:) Dominion, sovereignty, or rule [with which a person is invested]. (K.) جُلْبَانٌ and جُلَبَانٌ: see جُلُبَّانٌ, in three places.

جِلِبَّابٌ: see جِلْبَابٌ.

جَلَبَّانٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

جُلُبَّانٌ, (K, TA, in the CK جُلَّبان, and so in the TA in art. خرف,) and without teshdeed, (K,) [i. e.] ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (S, Msb,) and, accord. to some, ↓ جُلَبَانٌ also, (Msb,) not heard by AHn from the Arabs of the desert but with teshdeed, though many others pronounce it without tesh-deed, and pronounced in the latter manner, he says, it may be a dial. var.; (TA;) [a coll. gen. n.;] A certain plant; (K;) or a certain grain, or seed, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ [i. e. pulse]; (Msb;) the [grain, or seed, called] خُلَّر, which is a thing resembling the مَاش: (S:) or a dust-coloured, dusky hind of grain or seed, which is cooked; of the colour of the ماش, except in its being of a more dusky shade; but larger: (T, TA:) a certain kind of grain or seed, resembling the ماش, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ, well known: (TA:) [a common kind of vetch, or pea, the common lathyrus, or blue chickling vetch, the lathyrus sativus of Linn., is called in Upper Egypt, and by some of the people of Lower Egypt also, جِلْبَان:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) A2: Also the first, (K,) and ↓ ة, (TA,) and ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (MF, on the authority of Ibn-ElJowzee,) [like جُرُبَّانٌ and جُرْبَانٌ or جِرْبَانٌ,] A thing like a جِرَاب [or sword-case], of skin, or leather, (K, TA,) in which is put the sword sheathed, and in which the rider puts his whip and implements &c., and which he hangs upon the آخِرَة or the وَاسِط [see these two words] of the camel's saddle; derived from جُلْبَةٌ meaning “ a piece of skin that is put upon a قَتَب: ” (TA:) or the case (قِرَاب) of the sword-sheath, or scabbard: (K:) or جلبّانُ السِّلاحِ, occurring in a trad., signifies the case (قراب) with its contents: or the sword and bow and the like, which require some trouble to draw forth and use in fight; not such a weapon as the lance. (L, TA.) A3: Also the first, and ↓ جَلَبَّانٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ جِلِبَّانٌ, (so in the CK,) A clamorous man; or one who makes a confused crying or shouting or noise. (K, TA.) جِلِبَّانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

جُلُبَّانَةٌ and جِلِبَّانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جُلُبْنَانَةٌ and جِلِبْنَانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جَلِيبٌ, applied to a male slave, (A, Mgh, K,) One who is brought from one place or country or town to another [for sale]: (S, K:) or one who is brought to the country of the Muslims [for sale]: (Mgh:) pl. جَلْبَى and جُلَبآءُ. (K.) It is also applied [in like manner] to a woman: pl. جَلْبَى and جَلَائِبُ. (Lh, K.) جَلُوبَةٌ A thing that is driven or brought from one place or country or town to another for sale; (T, S, TA;) such as an aged she-camel, and a he-camel, and a young she-camel such as is called قَلُوص, and any other thing; but not applied to stallion-camels of generous race, that are used for procreation: pl. جَلَائِبُ: or the pl. signifies camels that are brought to a man sojourning at a water, who has not means of carriage; wherefore they put him [and his companions or goods &c.] thereon: (TA:) or جلوبة signifies male camels: [see also جَلَبٌ:] or camels that are laden with the goods or utensils &c. of the people: and it is used alike as pl. and sing. (K.) See جَلَبٌ, with which it is syn. (K.) جَلِيبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) An affected habit or disposition. (Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed, MF.) جَلَّابٌ: see جَلَبٌ.

جُلَّابٌ Rose-water: an arabicized word, (K,) from the Persian [گُلْ آبْ]. (TA.) جَلَّابَةٌ and ↓ مُجَلِّبَةٌ and ↓ جِلِبَّانَةٌ (K, TA) and ↓ جُلُبَّانَةٌ (CK) and ↓ جِلِبْنَانَةٌ and ↓ جُلُبْنَانَةٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a woman, Clamorous, noisy, very loquacious or garrulous, and of evil disposition: (K, TA:) or جلبّانة signifies, thus applied, rude and coarse: (TA:) the ل in this word is not a substitute for the ر in جِرِبَّانَةٌ [which has a similar meaning]: for it is from الجَلَبَةُ. (IJ, TA.) جَالِبٌ (A) and ↓ جَالِبَةٌ (L) and ↓ مَجْلَبَةٌ (Har p. 194 &c.) [all signify] (assumed tropical:) A cause of bringing or drawing or attracting or procuring of a thing: (Har p. 194, in explanation of the last:) thus مَجْلَبَةُ الدَّمْعِ means (assumed tropical:) the cause of drawing tears: (1d p. 15:) pl. of the second, جَوَالِبُ; as in the phrase جَوَالِبُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [the drawing, or procuring, causes of destiny]: (L, TA:) pl. of the third, مَجَالِبُ. (Har p. 430.) You say, لِكُلِّ قَضَآءٍ جَالِبٌ وَلِكُلِّ دَرٍّ حَالِبٌ (tropical:) [For every decree of fate there is a drawing, or procuring, cause; and for every flow of milk there is a milker]. (A, TA.) and [hence] the pl. جَوَالِبُ signifies (assumed tropical:) Calamities, misfortunes, evil accidents, adversities, or difficulties. (TA.) See an ex. in the first paragraph, near the beginning. b2: قُرُوحٌ جَوَالِبُ and جُلَّبٌ Wounds, or ulcers, healing, or becoming covered with skin in healing. (As, TA.) جَالِبَةٌ: see the paragraph next preceding.

مُجْلِبٌ A person who puts an amulet into a case of skin: after which it is sewed upon [the headstall, or some other part of the trappings, of] a horse. (TA.) مَجْلَبَةٌ: see جَالِبٌ.

مُجَلِّبٌ, applied to thunder, (K,) and to rain, (TA,) Boisterous. (K, TA.) b2: مُجَلِّبَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

يَنْجَلِبٌ A خَزَرَة [i. e. bead, or gem, or similar stone] (T, K, TA) used by the Arabs of the desert, (T, TA,) [or by the women of the desert, as a charm,] for captivating, or fascinating, men; (K, * TA;) or for bringing back after flight; (T, K;) or for procuring affection after hatred: (T, TA:) Az mentions it as a quadriliteral-radical word. (TA.) The Arab women used to say, فَلَا يَرُمْ وَلَا يَغِبْ أَخَّذْتُهُ بِاليَنْجَلِبْ وَلَا يَزِلْ عِنْدَ الطَّنَبْ [I have fascinated him with the yenjelib, and he shall not seek another, nor absent himself, nor cease to remain at the tent-rope]. (Lh, TA.)

جود

1 جَادَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جُودَةٌ and جَوْدَةٌ, It (a thing, S, or a commodity, an article of household-goods, or the like, Msb, and a work, or performance, TA) was, or became, جَيِّد [i. e. good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; the verb being the contr. of رَدُؤَ, as is implied in the A and K]: (S, A, Msb, K:) in this sense, accord. to some, of the class of قَالَ; accord. to others, of the class of قَرُبَ. (Msb.) [Also said of a man, meaning He was, or became, excellent, or egregious, in some quality; sometimes, though very rarely, in a quality that is disapproved.] b2: And جاد, (S, A, Msb, K,) of the class of قال, (Msb,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) inf. n. جُودٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) with damm, (S, Msb,) He was liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (K:) or he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous: (Msb:) or he gave without being asked, to preserve the receiver from the ignominy of asking: (MF:) or he gave what was meet to him to whom it was meet: (El-Karmánee, TA:) or he gave what was meet to him to whom it was meet, not for a compensation; so that it has a more special signification than أَحْسَنَ. (MF.) You say, جاد بِمَالِهِ [He was liberal, &c., with his property]: (S:) or جاد بِالمَالِ he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous with the property. (Msb.) b3: Hence, (Msb,) جاد بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, A,) inf. n. جَوْدٌ (TA) and جُؤُودٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) He gave up his spirit, (A, Msb, TA,) at death; (S, Msb;) like as one gives away his property; said of one in the agony of death: (TA:) and (tropical:) he gave away his life, in war. (Msb.) And you say also, جَادَتْ نَفْسُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His soul, or spirit, resigned itself, or departed]. (Msb in art. نفس.) b4: جاد المَطَرُ, inf. n. جَوْدٌ, The rain was, or became, copious, or abundant. (S.) And جَادَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (A, Msb,) inf. n. جَوْدٌ, with fet-h, The sky rained. (Msb.) And جَادَتِ العَيْنُ, inf. n. جَوْدٌ and جُؤُودٌ, The eye shed many, or abundant, tears. (Lh, K.) b5: جاد said of a horse, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S,) inf. n. جُودَةٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and جَوْدَةٌ; (Msb, and some copies of the K;) and ↓ جود, (A, L, K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيدٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجاد, (L,) and ↓ أَجْوَدَ; (L, K;) He became fleet, or swift, and excellent, (L,) صَارَ رَائِعًا, (S, L, K, *) فِى عَدْوِهِ in his running. (A, L, K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce دَامَ, in art. دوم.] b6: See also 4, in two places. b7: جاد إِلَيْهِ He inclined to him, or it. (TA.) A2: جادهُ He overcame him in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (K.) See 3. b2: جَادَهُمْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَوْدٌ, It (rain) rained, or descended, upon them copiously, or abundantly. (L.) And جِيدُوا They were rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain. (L.) And جِيدَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S, L, K,) inf. n. جَوْدٌ; (As, TA;) and ↓ أُجِيدَت; (K;) The earth, or land, was rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain: (S, L, K:) or, so that the moisture of the rain met that of the soil. (As, TA.) b3: جِيدَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. جُوَادٌ, (S, * K, * TA,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, S, A) thirsted, or became affected by thirst: (S, A, K:) or thirsted vehemently: (accord. to an explanation of جُوَادٌ in the K:) or was at the point of death, or destruction; (K;) as though destruction rained upon him. (TA.) b4: [Hence,] إِنِّى أُجَادُ إِلَىلِقَائِكَ (tropical:) Verily I am affected with a longing desire to meet thee: (A:) or إِنِّى لَأُجَادُ إِلَيْكَ (K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, لَاَجادُ] (tropical:) Verily I am affected with a longing desire for thee, (K, TA,) i. e., to meet thee, (TA,) and am impelled towards thee: (K:) and يُجَادُإِلَى فُلَانَةَ (tropical:) He is affected with longing desire for such a female; like as you say يَظْمَأُ. (A.) One says also, جادهُ الَهَوى (tropical:) Love affected him with longing desire, (شَاقَهُ, L, K, in the CK شاقَّهُ,) and overcame him. (K.) b5: [Also, app., جيدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. جُوَادٌ, (as in a sense explained above,) (assumed tropical:) He became affected, or overcome, or distressed, (see مَجُودٌ,) by drowsiness, or slumber: for] جُوَادٌ is syn. with نُعَاسٌ: (L, TA:) and you say, جادهُ النُّعَاسُ (assumed tropical:) Drowsiness, or slumber, overcame him; (L;) as though sleep rained upon him. (TA.) 2 جَوَّدَ see 4: b2: and see also 1.3 جاودهُ He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (S, TA.) You say, جاودهُ

↓ فَجَادَهُ He vied with him, or contended &c., in liberality, &c., and overcame him therein. (TA.) 4 اجادهُ He made it good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; (S, A, * K;) as also أَجْوَدَهُ, (S, * K,) like as they said اطال and اطول, and احال and احول, and اطاب and اطيب, and الان and الين; (S;) and ↓ جوّدهُ, (S, * A,) inf. n. تَجْوِيدٌ. (S.) [Hence,] اجادهُ النَّقْدَ He gave him the cash, or ready money, good. (S, K.) And أَجَدْتُكَ ثَوْبًا I gave thee a garment, or piece of cloth, that was good, goodly, or excellent; or in a good state. (A, TA.) b2: He gave him a dirhem, or piece of silver. (K.) b3: أُجِيدَتِ الأَرْضُ: see 1.

A2: He, or it, slew him, or killed him. (L.) A3: اجاد, (inf. n. إِجَادَةٌ, Msb,) He said, gave utterance to, uttered, or expressed, what was good, approvable, or excellent; he said, or did, well, or excellently; أَتَى بِالجَيِّدِ (L, Msb, K) مِنْ قَوْلِ أَوْ فِعْلٍ; (Msb;) as also أَجْوَدَ; (L;) and ↓ جاد, inf. n. جَوْدَةٌ. (L.) [You say, قَالَ فَأَجَادَ He said, and said well: and فَعَلَ فَأَجَادَ He did, and did well.] And اجاد فِى

عَمَلِهِ, and اجود, He did well, or excellently, in his work. (L.) b2: Said of a horse, and اجود likewise: see 1. b3: Also He had with him a horse such as is termed جَوَاد [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]: (S:) or he became possessed of such a horse; (A, K;) as also اجود. (K.) b4: أَجَادَتْ She brought forth a child, or children, of liberal, bountiful, or generous, disposition. (A.) and اجاد بِالوَلَدِ He begot the child, or children, of liberal, bountiful, or generous, disposition; (K;) and in like manner, بِهِ أَبَوَاهُ ↓ جاد [His two parents so engendered him]. (TA.) 5 تجوّد He chose what was good, goodly, approvable, or excellent, among all things. (Ham p. 299.) He affected nicety, or refinement; he was, or became, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact; or he chose what was excellent, or best, to be done; and exceeded the usual bounds; فِى صَنْعَتِهِ in his work of art, or his manufacture; syn. تَنَوَّقَ. (A, TA.) And تجوّد وَبَالَغَ فِى مَطْعَمِهِ وَمَلْبَسِهِ [He was dainty, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact; or he chose what was excellent, or best; and exceeded the usual bounds; in his food and his apparel]; (JK and K in art. نوق;) he was studious of his diet and apparel, always eating exquisite food and wearing sumptuous clothing. (TK in that art.) A2: تجوّدهُ: see 10. تَجَوَّدْتُهَا لَكَ I chose, or selected, the best, or most excellent, (↓ الأَجْوَدَ,) thereof for thee. (TA.) 6 تجاودوا They considered [or tried] which of them had the best argument, or plea, or allegation: (K, TA:) so says Aboo-Sa'eed on the authority of an Arab of the desert. (TA.) And يَتَجَاوَدُونَ الحَدِيثَ They consider, or see, [or try,] which of them will be best in narration, or talk, or discourse. (A.) b2: [Also They vied, or contended together for superiority, in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity.]10 استجادهُ He reckoned it, or esteemed it, good, goodly, approvable, or excellent: (S:) or he found it to be so: (K:) or he desired, or sought, that it might be so, (A, K,) and chose it, or selected it; (A;) as also ↓ تجوّدهُ. (A.) Yousay also, اِسْتَجْوَدَ رَأْيَهُ [He esteemed his judgment, or opinion, good: or found it to be so]. (TA in art. جزل.) b2: He desired, or sought, or demanded, his liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (K.) b3: He desired, or sought, that he (a horse) might be such as is termed جَوَاد [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]. (K.) A2: استجاد It came or happened, well. (KL.) جَوْدٌ Copious, or abundant, rain; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ جَائِدٌ: (S:) or rain that thoroughly irrigates everything: (M:) or rain that is not exceeded: (M, L, K:) accord. to some, who observe that the phrase, mentioned by Sb, أَخَذْتَنَا بِالجَوْدِوَفَوْقهَا [Thou hast assailed us with a storm of reproach or the like not to be exceeded, and with that which is above it,] is one of hyperbole and reproach. (M, L.) It is an inf. n. thus used as an epithet [and therefore applicable without variation to a fem. as to a masc. n., and to a dual and a pl. as to a sing. n.]: (L:) and is also pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of جَائِدٌ, (S, L, K,) like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ. (S, L.) You say مَطَرٌ جَوْدٌ [A copious, or an abundant, rain; &c.]: (L:) and سَحَابَةٌ جَوْدٌ [A cloud yielding a copious, or an abundant, rain; &c.]: (IAar, L:) and هَاجَتْ لَنَا سَمَآءٌ جَوْدٌ [A copious, or an abundant, rain, &c., became stirred up for us]: (S, K: *) and you also say, [contr. to the usage mentioned above, or as though جَوْدٌ were an epithet from جَادَ, and this originally جَوْدَ, like ضَخْمٌ from ضَخُمَ, but used as a subst.,] مَطْرَتَانِ جَوْدَانِ [Two showers of rain, copious, or abundant, &c.]. (S, K.) ↓ تَجَاوِيدُ, [app. signifying the same as جَوْدٌ used as a pl.,] occurring in the following verse of Sakhr El-Ghei, يُلَاعِبُ الرِّيحَ بِالعَصْرَيْنِ قَصْطَلُهُ وَالوَابِلُونَ وَتَهْتَانُ التَّجَاوِيدِ

[Its dust makes sport with the wind in the morning and evening, or night and day, and so do the violent showers of big drops, and the pouring of copious, or abundant, rains, &c.], (L, K, *) is a pl. having no sing.; (K;) or it may be so, like تَعَاجِيبُ and تَعَاشِيبُ and تَبَاشِيرُ; or it may be pl. of تَجْوَادٌ [an inf. n.]. (L.) You say also, امَطَرِ ↓ أَصَابَتْهُ تَجَاوِيدُ [Copious showers of rain fell upon him, or it]. (A.) b2: See also جَوَادٌ.

جَوْدَةٌ [an inf. n. of 1, (q. v.,) in two senses; as also جُودَةٌ: and an inf. n. of un., signifying] A single affection of thirst; a thirsting. (S, K.) b2: See also جُوَادٌ.

جَادِىٌّ Saffron. (S, K.) جَوَادٌ, used alike as masc. and fem., (S, K,) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (S, * K:) or one who affects, or constrains himself, to be generous: (Msb:) or who gives without being asked, to preserve the receiver from the ignominy of asking: (MF:) or who gives what is meet to him to whom it is meet: (El-Karmánee, TA:) or who gives what is meet to him to whom it is meet, not for a compensation; so that it has a more special signification than مُحْسِنٌ: (MF:) pl. [of pauc., masc.,] أَجْوَادٌ and (of mult., TA) جُوْدٌ, (S, A, K,) like as قُذُلٌ is pl. of قَذَالٌ, but the و is made quiescent because it is an unsound letter, (S,) [in some copies of the K جُوُدٌ,] and أَجَاوِدُ, (S, K,) contr. to analogy, (TA,) or أَجَاوِيدُ, [reg., as pl. of أَجْوَادٌ,] (A,) and جُوَدَآءُ (S, K) and جُوَدَةٌ, (CK, [in some copies of the K omitted,]) or جُوْدَةٌ, or جُوُدَةٌ, [written in the latter manner in a MS. copy of the K,] with ة added to the [proper] pl. form [جُوْدٌ or جُوُدٌ], accord. to the doctrine of Sb: (TA:) جُوْدٌ is used as a fem. pl., (S, Msb,) and is like نُوْرٌ pl. of نَوَارٌ. (S.) b2: Also, applied alike to the male and the female, (S,) A courser; a fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse; (L;) a horse fleet, or swift, in running; or excellent in running, or in the motion of his legs; as also ↓ جَوْدٌ: (Bd in xxxviii. 30:) or that outstrips others: (Jel ib.:) i. q. رَائِعٌ: (S, L, K:) pl. جِيَادٌ, (S, A, Bd, L, Msb, K,) which by rule should be جِوَادٌ, like طِوَالٌ, but this latter form has not been heard from the Arabs; (L;) or جِيَادٌ is pl. of جَوْدٌ, or of جَيِّدٌ; (Bd ubi suprá;) and جَوَادٌ has also for its pl. أَجْيَادٌ, [a pl. of pauc., and irregular, or this is pl. of جَيّدٌ, and therefore, though irregularly, retains the ى substituted for و] (S, L,) and أَجْوَادٌ, [also a pl. of pauc., but agreeable with rule, or this is pl. of جَوْدٌ,] (L,) and أَجَاوِيدُ (S, L) is pl. of أَجْوَادٌ. (L.) Hence, أَقْبَلَ جَوَادًا (assumed tropical:) He came on, or advanced, like a horse that is termed جواد: and سِرْتُ إِلَيْهِ جَوَادًا (assumed tropical:) I went to him, or it, like a horse that is so termed. (Mgh in art. غذ.) You say also, عَدَا عَدْوًا جَوَادًا He ran a long run. (A, TA.) And سِرْنَا عُقْبَةً

جَوَادًا, and عُقْبَتَيْنِ جَوَادَيْنِ, and عُقَبًا جِيَادًا (S, A) and أَجْوَادًا, (A, TA,) We journeyed a long march or stage, and two long marches or stages, and long marches or stages. (S, A, TA.) جُوَادٌ [accord. to the TA inf. n. of جِيدَ, which see in two places,] (assumed tropical:) Thirst: (S, K:) or vehemence of thirst. (K.) b2: Also, [accord. to the K ↓ جَوْدَةٌ, but this is corrected in the TA,] (assumed tropical:) Drowsiness, or slumber. (TA.) جَائِدٌ: see جَوْدٌ.

جَيِّدٌ, originally of the measure فَيْعِلٌ, (S, Msb,) as the Basrees say, i. e. جَيْوِدٌ, (Msb, TA,) the و being changed into ى because of its being meksoor and preceded by ى, and the augmentative ى being then incorporated into it; (TA;) or, as the Koofees say, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ, like عَيْطَلٌ &c., because there is found no sound word of the measure فَيْعِلٌ except صَيْقِلٌ, a woman's name, and the unsound is accorded to the sound; or, as others say, of the measure فَعِيلٌ, [and so I find in one copy of the S,] originally جَوِيدٌ, the kesreh of the و being, accord. to them, suppressed because difficult of pronunciation, and the quiescent و and ى thus coming together, [the latter receives the rejected kesreh, and] the و is changed into ى and incorporated into the [augmentative] ى; (Msb;) Good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; contr. of رَدِ ىْ; (A, K;) applied to a thing, (S,) or a commodity, an article of household-goods, or the like, (A, Msb,) and a work, or performance: (TA:) pl. جِيَادٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and جِيَادَاتٌ, (K,) the latter a pl. pl., [i. e. pl. of جِيَادٌ,] (TA,) and جَيَائِدُ, (S, K,) with hemz, [and, accord. to some,] contr. to analogy. (S.) [It is also applied to a man, meaning Excellent, or egregious, in some quality; sometimes, though very rarely, in a quality that is disapproved.]

أَجْوَدُ [Better, and best; more, and most, goodly or approvable or excellent]: see 5. b2: [More, and most, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous. Hence,] أَجْوَدُ مِنْ حَاتِمٍ [More liberal, &c., than Hátim]: a prov. (Meyd.) b3: [More, and most, fleet, or swift, and excellent; relating to a horse. Hence,] أَجْوَدُ مِنَ الجَوَادِ المُبِرِّ [More fleet, &c., than the courser that surpasses others]: a prov. (Meyd.) تَجَاويدُ: see جَوْدٌ, in two places.

مَجُودٌ A field, or garden, rained upon: (A:) [or rained upon copiously, or abundantly.] and أَرْضٌ مَجْودَةٌ Land rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain. (S, L, K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man (S, A) affected with thirst: (S, A, K:) [or, with vehement thirst: (see جُوَادٌ:)] or at the point of death, or destruction. (K.) b3: And [hence,] (tropical:) Affected with longing desire. (L.) b4: Also (assumed tropical:) Overcome by drowsiness, or slumber: (TA:) or distressed by drowsiness, or slumber, &c. (Lh, L.) مُجِيدٌ: see مِجْوَادٌ. b2: Also A man possessing a horse such as is termed جَوَادِ [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]: pl. مَجَاوِيدُ [by rule pl. of مِجْوَادٌ, q. v.]. (A, TA.) b3: حَتْفٌ مُجِيدٌ (tropical:) Present death. (K, TA.) مِجْوَادٌ One who says, utters, or expresses, or who does, (K, TA,) much, or often, (TA,) what is good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مُجِيدٌ: (TA:) [or rather the latter is a simple, not an intensive, epithet:] the former is applied to a poet, (S, A, K,) as syn. with the latter, (K,) or as meaning who says, or utters, much, or often, what is good, or excellent: (S:) and both are applied to a workman, or an artificer: pl. of the former مَجَاوِيدُ. (A.)

جبر

1 جَبَرَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and جُبُورٌ, (M, K,) which latter, accord. to MF, is an inf. n. of the intrans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the trans. verb also, (TA,) and جِبَارَةٌ, (Lh, K,) He set a bone; reduced it from a fractured state; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) as also ↓ جبّر, (A, IAmb, K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجبر, (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA,) but this is extremely strange, and not found in the lexicons of celebrity, (MF,) and not heard by AO; (TA;) [and ↓ اجتبر.] One says also, يَدَهُ ↓ جبّر, (A, IAmb,) or جَبَرَهَا, (Msb,) He (a bone-setter) set his arm, or reduced it from a fractured state: (A:) or put upon it the جَبِيرَة [or splints]. (Msb.) b2: Hence, (TA,) جَبَرَ, (AAF, M, K, &c.,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, K) and جُبُورٌ [but respecting this latter see above] and جِبَارَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ جبّر, (K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجبر; (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA; [but respecting this form see above;]) and ↓ اجتبر; (K;) (tropical:) He restored a man from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (AAF, S, A, K, &c.:) or he benefited a poor man; conferred a benefit, or benefits, upon him: (M, K:) but the former is the more appropriate explanation: (AAF, TA:) and this signification is tropical; (IDrst, MF, TA;) the poor man being likened to one who has a broken bone, and his restoration to wealth, or competence, being likened to the setting of the bone; wherefore he is called فَقِيرٌ, as though the vertebræ of his back were broken: (IDrst, TA:) in the A it is mentioned as proper, not tropical; but the author of the A afterwards mentions جَبَرْتُ فُلَانًا as tropical in the sense of نَعَشْتُهُ (tropical:) [I recovered such a one from his embarrassment, &c.; repaired his broken fortune, or his condition]. (TA.) One says also, جَبَرْتُ فَاقَةَ الرَّجُلِ (tropical:) [I repaired the broken fortune of the man;] I restored the man to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency. (A Heyth, TA.) And جَبَرْتُ اليَتِيمَ (assumed tropical:) [I put the affairs of the orphan into a right, or good, state: or] I gave to the orphan. (Msb.) And جَبَرَ (tropical:) He restored anything to a sound, right, or good, state. (IDrst, TA.) And جَبَرَهُ اللّٰهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God render him sound, and strong]: said in relation to a child. (S and K in art. زرع.) And جَبَرْتُ نِصَابَ الزَّكَاةِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I made the amount of the property equal to that which renders it incumbent on the possessor to pay the poor-rate, by [adding] such a thing: the name of that thing is جبران [app. ↓ جُبْرَانٌ]: and the person who does this is termed ↓ جَابِرٌ. (Msb.) A2: جَبَرَ also signifies He compelled, or constrained, another. (B.) You say, جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (Lh, Az, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. جَبْرٌ and جُبُورٌ, (Msb,) a chaste form of the verb, of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Az, TA,) or of the Benoo-Temeem and of many of the people of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) or of Temeem alone; (Lh, TA;) [but said in the Mgh to be of weak authority;] and ↓ اجبرهُ; (Th, S, Msb, K, &c.;) both these forms of the verb mentioned by Az, Fr, A 'Obeyd, and others, (Msb,) but the latter is the form used by the generality of the Arabs, (Lh, TA,) and by the grammarians [in general]; (TA;) He compelled him, against his will, to do the thing: (Lh, Th, Az, S, Msb, K:) ↓ إِجْبَارٌ originally signifying the inciting, urging, or inducing, another to restore a thing to a sound, right, or good, state. (B.) And عَلَى الحُكْمِ ↓ اجبرهُ He (a judge) compelled him to submit to, or to perform, the sentence. (L.) A3: Also جَبَرَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. جُبُورٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَبْرٌ, (Msb, K,) which latter, accord. to MF [and the Mgh], is an inf. n. of the trans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the intrans. verb also; (TA;) and ↓ انجبر, (T, S, K,) and ↓ اجتبر, (T, S,) and ↓ تجبّر; (K;) It (a bone) became set, or reduced from a fractured state. (T, S, Msb, K.) b2: And [hence,] the first of these verbs, with the same inf. ns.; (K;) and ↓ اجتبر, (S, * K,) and ↓ انجبر, and ↓ تجبّر, and ↓ استجبر; (K;) (tropical:) He (a poor man, K, and an orphan, TA) became restored from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (S, * K:) or received a benefit, or benefits: (K:) ↓ اجتبر is syn. with انتعش (tropical:) [he recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, &c.]. (A.) [And (assumed tropical:) It (anything) became restored to a sound, right, or good, state.] El-' Ajjáj has used جَبَرَ transitively and intransitively in the same sentence, saying, قَدْ جَبَرَ الدِّينَ الإِلَاهُ فَجَبَرْ [(assumed tropical:) God hath restored the religion to a sound, right, or good, state, and it hath become restored thereto]: (S:) or, accord. to some, the second verb is corroborative of the first; the meaning being, God hath desired, or purposed, to restore the religion, &c., and hath completed its restoration. (B.) 2 جَبَّرَ see 1, in three places.4 أَجْبَرَ see 1, in five places.

A2: اجبرهُ also signifies He imputed to him [the tenet of] الجَبْر; (S, * L, K; *) he called him a جَبَرِىّ: (L:) like as اكفرهُ signifies “ he imputed to him infidelity. ” (S.) 5 تجبّر: see 1, latter part, in two places. Also (tropical:) What had gone from him (a man) returned to him: (K:) or some of his property that had gone from him returned to him. (T, TA.) (assumed tropical:) He (a sick man) became in a good state. (K.) (assumed tropical:) It (a plant, TA, and a tree, K) became green, and put forth leaves (K, TA) and fresh green twigs, when dry: produced fresh shoots in its dry parts: (TA:) it (herbage) became somewhat restored to a good state after having been eaten: (K, * TA:) or grew after having been eaten. (S.) b2: He (a man, S) magnified himself; behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently. (S, A, K.) A2: (assumed tropical:) He (a man) obtained wealth, or property: (K:) but Lh explains it as meaning, intransitively, he obtained wealth, or property. (TA.) 7 إِنْجَبَرَ see 1, latter part, in two places.8 إِجْتَبَرَ see 1, in five places. You say also, أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ لَا يَجْتَبِرُهَا [(assumed tropical:) A calamity befell him from which he will not recover]; i. e. مِنْهَا ↓ لَا مَجْبَرَ [(assumed tropical:) there is no recovering from it]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَجْبَرَ see 1, latter part.

A2: استجبرهُ (tropical:) He exerted himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to him, taking care of him, or putting his affairs into a right, or proper, state. (A.) جَبْرٌ, in computation, (assumed tropical:) The addition of something for the purpose of reparation. (TA.) [Hence, الجَبْرُ (assumed tropical:) Algebra; more commonly called الجَبْرُ وَالمُقَابَلَةُ perfective addition and compensative subtraction; or restoration and compensation; because of the frequency of these operations in the reduction of equations.]

A2: The contr. of قَدَرٌ: (S, Msb, K:) it is the assertion that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit acts of disobedience; (Msb;) the virtual denial that actions proceed from man, and attributing them to God; the sect that hold the tenet thus termed asserting that man, with respect to his actions, is like the feather suspended in the air; whereas قَدَرٌ signifies the “ virtual attributing of optional, or voluntary, actions to man; asserting that man creates his own optional, or voluntary, actions: ” (IbrD:) A 'Obeyd says that it is a post-classical term. (S.) A3: A king; (AA, T, M, K;) of uncertain derivation: (M:) and a slave, or servant: (A 'Obeyd, Kr, K, &c.:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) and a man: (AA, A 'Obeyd, K, &c.:) [see جَبْرَئِيلُ:] and a young man: and [a] courageous [man]. (K.) A4: [Also, app., Aloes-wood: الجَبْرُ is explained in the K as signifying العُودُ, which means wood in general, as well as aloes-wood in particular; and to this is added in the TA, الذى يُجْبَرُ بِهِ, as though the meaning were the wood with which one sets bones; but I think that يُجْبَرُ is a mistranscription for يُجَمَّرُ; and that the meaning is aloes-wood with which one fumigates.]

جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبَرُوَّةٌ and جَبْرُوَّةٌ and جَبَرُوتٌ &c.: see what next follows.

جَبَرِيَّةٌ (S, K) and جَبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبِرِيَّةٌ and ↓ جِبْرِيَآءُ (K) and ↓ جَبَرِيَّآءُ (Aboo-Nasr, TA) and ↓ جَبَرُوَّةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَبْرُوَّةٌ (K) and ↓ جَبَرُوتٌ (S, Msb, K, one of the forms most known, of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ, like مَلَكُوتٌ and رَهَبُوتٌ and رَغَبُوتٌ and رَحَمُوتٌ, said to be the only other words of this measure, though, as MF says, this requires consideration, TA) and ↓ جُبْرُوتٌ (K) and ↓ جَبْرَؤُوتٌ (Et-Tedmuree, TA) and ↓ جَبَرُوتَى (K, like رَحَمُوتَى, [&c.], TA) and ↓ جَبُّورَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَبُّورٌ (Lh, Kr) and ↓ جُبُّورٌ (Lh, TA) and ↓ جُبُورَةٌ and ↓ تَجْبَارٌ, (K,) all inf. ns., (TA,) [or simple substs.,] meaning The quality denoted by the epithet جَبَّارٌ; (K;) i. e. self-magnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence; or proud, haughty, or insolent, behaviour; (S, Msb, K;) &c. (K, TA.) Hence, مَا كَانَتْ نُبُوَّةٌ إِلَّا تَنَاسَخَهَا مُلْكٌ جَبَرِيَّةً [There has been no prophetic office but a kingly office has succeeded in its place through some one's selfmagnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence]; i. e., but kings have magnified themselves, or behaved proudly or haughtily or insolently, after it. (A, TA.) A2: الجَبَرِيَّةُ (S, K) and الجَبْرِيَّةُ, (Th, Msb,) or the latter is a mispronunciation, or is the correct form, (K,) and the former is so pronounced in order to assimilate it to القَدَرِيَّةُ; (Msb, K; *) the latter is the pronunciation of the scholastic theologians of the persuasion of EshSháfi'ee (El-Háfidh in the “ Tabseer,” B) in old times, but the term used in the conventional language of the modern scholastic theologians is ↓ المُجْبَرَةُ; (B;) and الجبريّة, also, is a postclassical term; (TA;) The contr. of القَدَرِيَّةُ; (S, K;) the sect who hold the tenet termed جَبْرٌ [q. v.]; (Msb;) a sect of those who follow their own natural desires, whose founder was El-Hoseyn Ibn-Mohammad En-Nejjár El-Basree, who assert that man has no power; that [what are termed] voluntary motions are of the same predicament as a tremour; though this does not oblige them to deny the imposition of duties; (Lb, TA;) a sect who assert that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit sins: (AHeyth, TA:) n. un. ↓ جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ. (Msb.) جَبْرَالُ and جِبْرَالُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جُبْرَانٌ: see 1.

جِبْرِيلُ and جَبْرِيلُ &c: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جِبْرِينُ and جَبْرِينُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جِبْرِيَآءُ and جَبَرِيَّآءُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبْرَئِيلُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) imperfectly decl., because having the quality of a proper name and that of a foreign word, or being a compound regarded as forming a single word, as some say, (TA,) originally Syriac, or Hebrew, [?,] (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee],) A proper name of an angel; (TA;) [Gabriel: and also, of a man:] signifying the servant of God: (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K, TA:) or (rather, TA) the man of God: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) being said to be composed of جَبْرٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ servant,” or “ slave,” (Msb, TA,) or rather “ man,” (TA,) and إِيلٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ God: ” (Msb, TA:) or both together signify the servant of the Compassionate: or the servant of the Mighty, or Glorious: (TA:) this form of the word is of the dialects of Keys and Temeem: (TA:) and there are other dial. vars.; namely, ↓ جَبْرَيِيلُ, without ء , and ↓ جَبْرَائِيلُ , (S, K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِيلُ , and ↓ جَبْرَئِلُ , and ↓ جَبْرَائِيلُ , (K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِيلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرَائِلُ , (K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and ↓ جِبْرِيلُ, (S, Msb, K, which is the form most known and most chaste, and is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرِيلُ, (Msb, K, reckoned of weak authority by Fr, because the measure فَعِّيل [or فَعْلِيل] does not exist in the language, for as to سَمْوِيل, mentioned by Esh-Shiháb as against the objection of Fr, it is of the measure فَعْوِيل, MF, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرَيْلُ, and ↓ جَبْرَالُ, and ↓ جِبْرَالُ, (K,) and ↓ جِبْرِينُ, and ↓ جَبْرِينُ, (S, K,) and ↓ جَبْرَائِينُ. (Es-Suyootee, MF.) جَبْرَيِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِلُ and جَبْرَايِلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِيلُ and جَبْرَايِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِينَ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جُبَارٌ A thing of which no account, or for which no revenge or retaliation or mulct, is taken. (S, A, Msb, K, TA.) You say, ذَهَبَ دَمَهُ جُبَارًا His blood went unrevenged, unretaliated, or unexpiated by a mulct. (S, A.) And جُرْحٌ جُبَارٌ A wound for which is no retaliation, nor any expiatory mulct. (A, TA.) And حَرْبٌ جُبَارٌ A war in which is no retaliation, (K, TA,) nor any expiatory mulct. (TA.) And المَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ [The mine is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if the mine fall in upon him who is working in it, and he perish, his hirer is not to be punished for it. (S and Msb from a trad.) And البِئْرُ جُبَارٌ [The well is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if a man fall into an ancient well, and perish, his blood is not to be expiated by a mulct: (TA:) or, as some say, it relates to a hired man's descending into a well to cleanse it, or to take forth something from it, if he fall into it and die. (TA in art. بأر.) And جُرحُ العَجُمَآءِ جُبَارٌ The wound of the speechless beast, if it get loose and wound a man or other thing while loose, is a thing for which no retaliation or expiatory mulct is exacted. (T, A, * Msb. *) b2: Clear, or quit, of a thing: so in the saying, أَنَا مِنْهُ خَلَاوَةٌ وُجُبَارٌ [I am clear, or quit, of it]. (K. [See also فَالِجٌ.]) A2: A torrent. (K.) b2: Anything that corrupts, or mars, and destroys; (so accord. to some copies of the K, and the TA;) as the torrent, &c.: (TA:) or anything that is corrupted, or marred, and destroyed. (So accord. to other copies of the K.) A3: Tuesday; (S, K;) an ancient name thereof, (S,) used in the Time of Ignorance; (TA;) as also ↓ جِبَارٌ. (K.) جِبَارٌ: see what next precedes.

جِبَارَةٌ and ↓ جَبِيرَةٌ Splints; pieces of wood with which bones are set, or reduced from a fractured state: (S, K:) or bones which are put upon a diseased part of the person, to reduce it to a sound state: pl. جَبَائِرُ. (Msb.) b2: Also, both words, A wide bracelet; syn. يَارَقٌ: (S, K:) a bracelet (سِوَار) of gold or silver: pl. جَبَائِرَةٌ [or جَبَائِرُ, as above?]. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) جُبُورَةٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبِيرَةٌ: see جِبَارَةٌ.

جَبَّارٌ One who magnifies himself, or behaves proudly or haughtily or insolently, and does not hold any one to have any claim upon him, or to deserve anything of him: (K:) one who slays when in anger: (S, A:) one who slays unjustly: (K:) imperious, or domineering, by absolute force and power; overbearing; tyrannical; a tyrant: (TA:) any one who exalts himself, or is insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; who is bold, or audacious, and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant; or excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient, or rebel-lious; or who exalts himself and is inordinate in infidelity; or who is extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing; or who is refractory, or averse from obedience; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ جِبِّيرٌ: (K:) or this latter signifies one who magnifies himself much, or behaves very proudly or haughtily or insolently: (S:) and the former, one who proudly, haughtily, or insolently, disdains the service of God: (Lh, TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc. جَبَّارُونَ and جَبَابِرَةٌ. (A, TA.) b2: الجَبَّارٌ [A name of] God; so called because of his magnifying Himself [above every other being], (K,) and his highness: (TA:) meaning the Compeller of his creatures to do whatsoever He willeth: (Bd and Jel in lix. 23:) or the Compeller of his creatures to obey the commands and prohibitions which He pleaseth to impose upon them: (Msb, TA:) accord. to Fr, from أَجْبَرَ, and the only instance known to him of an epithet of the measure فَعَّالٌ from a verb of the measure أَفْعَلَ except دَرَّاكٌ [q. v.] from أَدْرَكَ: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, from جَبَرَ as syn. with أَجْبَرَ: (Msb:) it is also explained as meaning the Supreme; the High above his creatures: (Az, TA:) or the Unattainable; and hence applied to the palm-tree [of which the branches cannot be reached by the hand]: (IAmb, TA:) or it may signify (tropical:) the Restorer of the poor to wealth or competence or sufficiency. (Az, TA.) [God is also called] جَبَّارُ القُلُوبِ عَلَى فِطَرَاتِهَا (assumed tropical:) The Establisher of hearts according to their natural constitutions which He hath given them in the mothers' wombs, disposing them to know Him and to confess Him, both the unfortunate of them and the fortunate. (TA from a trad. of 'Alee.) b3: Also (tropical:) A name of الجَوْزَآءُ [the constel-lation Orion]; (A, K;) because it is [represented] in the form of a crowned king upon a throne. (A.) b4: ذِرَاعُ الجَبَّارِ (assumed tropical:) The cubit of the king: (A, TA:) or the long cubit: or, as KT thinks, by الجبّار is here meant a certain foreign king whose fore arm was of full length. (TA.) b5: قَلْبٌ جَبَّارٌ (tropical:) A heart that receives not admonition: (A:) or that admits not compassion. (K.) b6: جَبَّارٌ, (Seer, K,) without ة, (Seer, TA,) applied to a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), signifies (tropical:) Tall and young; (Seer, K, TA;) as also ↓ جُبَّارٌ: (K:) or is applied to palmtrees collectively (نَخْلٌ), and signifies tall, and above the reach of the hand; (T, S;) and the epithet applied to a single palm-tree is with ة; (S, A;) in this sense; meaning less than سَحُوقٌ: (A:) or, with ة, it signifies a young palm-tree, that has attained its utmost height and has borne fruit: (M:) or that has been ascended [for the purpose of cutting off its fruit], and retains its excellence, surpassing therein other palm-trees. (AHn, TA.) b7: Also, hence, as Az thinks, (TA,) (tropical:) Huge, tall, and strong; a giant. (T, A, * K.) b8: And, with ة, (S, A,) and also without ة, (A,) applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Great (S, A) and fat. (S.) جُبَّارٌ: see جَبَّارٌ.

جَبُّورٌ and جُبُّورٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جِبِّيرٌ: see جَبَّارٌ.

جَبُّورَةٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَابِرٌ, (S,) and جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ, (S, A, K,) names of (tropical:) Bread; (S, A, K;) and أَبُو جَابِرٍ is a surname thereof; (S, K;) and so أُمُّ جَابِرٍ: which last also signifies the ear of corn: (T in art. ام:) and i. q. الهَرِيسَةُ [grain, or wheat, bruised, or brayed, and then cooked]. (Har p. 227.) b2: فُلَانٌ جَابِرٌ لِى i. q. ↓ مُسْتَجْبِرٌ (tropical:) [Such a one exerts himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to me, taking care of me, or putting my affairs into a right, or proper, state]. (A.) b3: See also 1.

تَجْبَارٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

مَجْبَرٌ [an inf. n. of 1]: see 8.

المُجْبَرَةُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

مُجَبِّرٌ One who sets bones, or reduces them from a fractured state; a bone-setter. (S, A, K.) مَجْبُورَةٌ A woman possessed by a jinnee, or genie; syn. مَجْنُونَةٌ; but this is held to be of weak authority. (Mgh.) المُتَجَبِّرُ The lion. (K.) مُسْتَجْبِرٌ: see جَابِرٌ.

جور

1 جَارَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. جَوْرٌ, (S, A, K,) He declined, or deviated, from the right course; (S, A;) and so جارعَنِ القَصْدِ: (A:) he wandered from the right way: (TA:) he pursued a wrong course: (K:) or he left the right way in journeying: and it (anything) declined. (TA.) Yousay also, جار عَنِ الطِّرِيقِ He declined, or deviated, from the road, or way. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: and جار, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Mgh, Msb, K,) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, TA,) فِى

حُكْمِهِ in his judgment, (Msb,) or فِى الحُكْمِ in judgment. (S, TA.) b3: جارتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The plants, or herbage, of the land grew tall: (A, TA:) and so جَأَرَت. (TA.) A2: See also 10.2 جوّرهُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيرٌ, (S,) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or charged him with, or accused him of, wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, conduct; (S, K;) contr. of عَدَّلَهُ. (A.) A2: He prostrated him (S, K) by a blow, (S,) or by a thrust of a spear or the like; from جار “he, or it, declined;”; (A;) like كَوَّرَهُ. (S.) b2: He threw it down, (TA,) and overturned it; (K, TA;) namely, a building, and a tent, &c.: (TA:) he took it to pieces; namely, a tent. (A.) 3 جاوِرهُ, inf. n. مُجَاوَرَةٌ and جِوَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جُوَارٌ, (S, M, and some copies of the K,) or the last is a simple subst., (Msb,) and ↓ جَوَارٌ, (M, and so in some copies of the K instead of جُوَارٌ,) of which forms the second (جِوَارٌ) is more chaste than the third (S, TA) and than the fourth, as relating to the verb in the sense here following, though some disapprove of it, and assert the third and the fourth to be more chaste; (TA;) He became his جار [or neighbour]; (K;) he lived in his neighbourhood, or near to him: (Msb, TA:) or he lived in a dwelling contiguous to his. (Msb.) b2: Also جاورهُ, (TA,) inf. n. جِوَارٌ, (K,) and ↓ جُوَارٌ is said to be a quasi-inf. n., and more chaste than جِوَارٌ as relating to the verb in the sense here following; (TA;) He bound himself to him by a covenant to protect him. (K, TA.) b3: and جاور بَنّى فُلَانٍ, and فِى بنى فلان, inf. n. مَجَاوَرَةٌ and جِوَارٌ, He protected himself by a covenant with the sons of such a one; from مُجَاوَرَةٌ signifying the “ living near. ” (TA.) b4: And جاور, inf. n. مُجَاوَرَةٌ, i. q. اِعْتَكَفَ فِى مَسْجِدٍ [He confined himself in a mosque, or place of worship, during a period of days and nights, or at least during one whole day, fasting from daybreak to sunset, and occupying himself in prayer and religious meditation, without any interruption by affairs distracting the mind from devotion and not pressing]. (S, K.) But جاور بِمَكَّةَ, and بِالمَدِينَةِ, signifies absolutely He abode in Mekkeh, and El-Medeeneh; not necessarily implying conformity with the conditions of اِعْتِكَاف required by the law [though generally meaning for the purpose of study: and so in the neighbourhood of the great collegiate mosque called the Azhar, in Cairo: so that the term ↓ مُجَاوِرٌ means a student of Mekkeh &c.]. (TA.) 4 اجارهُ, (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. إِجَارَةٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ جَارَةٌ, (Kr, K,) [or the latter is rather a quasi-inf. n., like طَاعَةٌ from أَطَاعَهُ,] He protected him; granted him refuge; (K;) preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated, him; (S, A, Msb, K;) from (مِنْ) wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, treatment; (S, K;) from punishment; (S, A;) or from what he feared: (Msb:) he aided him; succoured him; delivered him from evil: the أَ having a privative effect. (Mgh.) It is said of God, يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ He protects, but none is protected against him. (TA.) And in the Kur [lxxii. 22], قُلْ إِنِّى لَنْ يُجِيرَنِى مِنَ اللّٰهِ أَحَدٌ Verily none will protect me against God. (TA.) b2: اجار المَتَاعَ He put the household-goods, or commodities, into the repository, (K, TA,) and so preserved them from being lost. (TA.) b3: It is said [of God] in a trad., يُجِيرُ بَيْنَ البُحُورِ He makes a division between the seas, and prevents one from mixing with another and encroaching upon it. (TA.) 5 تجوّر He became prostrated; (S;) he fell down; (K;) by reason of a blow. (S, TA.) b2: It (a building, TA) became thrown down, or demolished. (K.) b3: He (a man, TA) laid himself down on his side (K) upon his bed. (TA.) 6 تَجَاوَرُوا and ↓ اِجْتَوَرُوا (S, K) are syn., (S,) signifying They became mutual neighbours; they lived near together: (K, * TA:) the [radical] و in the latter verb remaining unaltered because this verb is syn. with one in which the و must preserve its original form on account of the quiescence of the preceding letter, namely, تجاوروا, (S, TA,) and to show that it is syn. therewith: but اِجْتَارُوا also occurs. (TA.) b2: [Also They bound themselves by a covenant to protect one another.]8 إِجْتَوَرَ see 6.10 استجار and ↓ جَارَ, (K,) the latter like جَارٌ as syn. with مُسْتَجِيرٌ, (TA,) He sought, desired, or asked, to be protected; to be granted refuge; to be preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated. (K.) And استجارهُ He desired him, or asked him, to preserve, save, rescue, or deliver, him, (S, A, Msb,) مِنْ فُلَانٍ from such a one. (S.) and استجار بِهِ He had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation; he sought his protection. (TA.) جَارٌ A neighbour; one who lives near to another; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who lives in the next tent or house: (IAar, Th, T, Msb:) pl. [of mult.]

جِيرَانٌ (Msb, K) [and جِوَارٌ (a pl. not of unfrequent occurrence, and mentioned by Freytag as used by El-Mutanebbee,)] and [of pauc.] جِيرَةٌ and أَجْوَارٌ; (K;) like قَاعٌ, pl. قِيعَانٌ and قِيعَةٌ and أَقْوَاعٌ, the only similar instance: (TA:) fem. with ة. (Mgh.) الجَارُ ذُو القُرْبَى [in the Kur iv. 40] is The relation, or kinsman, who is abiding in one's neighbourhood: or who is abiding in one town or district or the like while thou art in another, and who has that title to respect which belongs to nearness of relationship: (TA:) or the near neighbour: (Bd, Jel:) or the near relation: (Jel:) or he who is near, and connected, by relationship or religion. (Bd.) جَارُ الجَنْبِ: and الجَارُ الجُنُبُ and جَارُ الجُنُبِ: see art. جنب.

جَارٌ نِفِّيجٌ A stranger [who has become one's neighbour]. (TA.) b2: A person whom one protects from wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, treatment. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b3: One who seeks, or asks, protection (Msb, K) of another: جَارُكَ signifying he who seeks thy protection. (TA.) b4: A protector; (A, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who protects another from that which he fears; (Msb;) one who grants refuge, or protects, or preserves. (AHeyth.) مِنْ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ ↓ هُمْ جَارَةٌ They are protectors from that thing, is a phrase mentioned by Th, respecting which ISd says, I know not how this is, unless the sing. be supposed to be originally جَائِرٌ, so as to have a pl. of the measure فَعَلَةٌ [as جَارَةٌ is originally جَوَرَةٌ]. (TA.) b5: An aider, or assister. (IAar, Msb, K.) b6: A confederate. (IAar, Msb, K.) b7: A woman's husband. (Msb, K.) b8: A man's wife; (Msb;) as also ↓ جَارَةٌ: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or the latter, the object of his love: (M:) and the latter also, a woman's fellow-wife; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) so called because the term ضَرَّةٌ is disliked, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen. (Mgh.) b9: A partner who has not divided with his partner: so in the trad. الجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ [explained in art. صقب]; as is shown by another trad. (Az, Msb.) b10: A partner, or sharer, (Msb, K,) in immoveable property, such as land and houses, (Msb, TA,) and in merchandise, (K, TA,) whether he divide the property with the other or not, (Msb,) or whether he be partner in the whole or only in part. (TA.) b11: One who divides with another. (IAar, K.) b12: (tropical:) The فرْج [or pudendum] of a woman: and (tropical:) The anus; as also ↓ جَارَةٌ. (IAar, K, TA.) b13: The part (IAar, K) of the sea-shore (IAar) that is near to the places where people have alighted and taken up their abode. (IAar, K.) جَوْرٌ, an inf. n. used as an epithet, (TA,) i. q. ↓ جَائِرٌ; (K, TA;) i. e. Declining, or deviating, from the right course: and acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (TA:) pl. [of the latter], applied to men, ↓ جَوَرَةٌ, (K,) in which the و remains unaltered contr. to rule, (TA,) and ↓ جَارَةٌ, (A, K,) as in all the copies of the K, but some substitute for it, as a correction, ↓ جُوَرَةٌ, [found in a copy of the A,] which, however, requires consideration, (TA,) and جَائِرُونَ. (K.) You say طَرِيقٌ جَوْرٌ A road, or way, deviating from the right course. (TA.) And هُوَ جَوْرٌ عَنْ طَرِيقِنَا He is declining, or deviating, from our way. (TA.) b2: Also, for ذُو جَوْر, meaning Wronged, or unjustly treated, by the judge. (Mgh from a trad.) b3: عِنْدَهُ مِنَ المَالِ الجَوْرُ (tropical:) He possesses, of property, an extraordinary abundance. (A, TA.) See also جِوَرٌّ.

جَارَةٌ: see جَارٌ, in three places: A2: and جَوْرٌ: A3: and see also 4.

جَوَرَةٌ and جُوَرَةٌ: see جَوْرٌ.

إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الجِيرَةِ Verily he is good in respect of the mode, or manner, of جِوَار [i. e. living as a neighbour, or binding himself by covenant to protect others]. (TA.) جِوَرٌّ A rain accompanied by vehement thunder: (K:) or by a vehement sound of thunder: (S:) or a copious rain; as also جَأْرٌ and جُؤَرٌ; (K in art. جأر;) and, accord. to As, جُؤَارٌ: (TA:) and an exceedingly great torrent. (TA. [In this last sense written in a copy of the A ↓ جَوْرٌ, and there said to be tropical.]) See جَوَارٌ: and see also art. جر. b2: You say also بَازِلٌ جِوَرٌّ (S) [app. meaning A camel nine years old that brays loudly: or] hard and strong: and بَعِيرٌ جِوَرٌّ a bulky camel. (TA.) جَوَارٌ: see 3.

A2: Also The part of the exterior court or yard of a house that is coextensive with the house. (K, * TA.) A3: Abundant and deep water. (K.) Whence ↓ جِوَرٌّ applied to rain. (TA.) A4: Ships: a dial. var. of جَوَارٍ; on the authority of Sá'id, (K,) surnamed Abu-l-'Alà: (TA:) said in the K to be strange; but similar instances are well known. (MF.) جُوَارٌ: see 3, in two places. b2: Also, and ↓ جِوَارٌ, or the latter is only an inf. n., The covenant between two parties by which either is bound to protect the other. (TA.) جِوَارٌ: see what next precedes.

A2: [Also a pl. of جَارٌ.]

جَائِرٌ: see جَوْرٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) Wide and big; applied to a [bucket of the kind called] غَرْب: and so, with ة, applied to a [skin of the kind called]

قِرْبَة. (A, TA.) مُجَوَّرٌ [as meaning Thrown down, or overturned,] occurs in the following prov.: يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ الحَفَضِ المُجَوَّرِ [A day for a day of the household-goods (or, accord. to the TA, the hair-cloth tent) thrown down, or overturned]: applied in the case of rejoicing at a calamity befalling another: a man had an aged paternal uncle, and used continually to go into the latter's tent, or house, and throw down his household-goods, one upon another; and when he himself grew old, sons of a brother of his did to him as he had done to his paternal uncle; wherefore he said thus, meaning, this is for what I did to my paternal uncle. (K.) مُجَاوِرٌ: see 3, last sentence.