رد

أ1 رَدَأَ الحَائِطَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. رَدْءٌ,] He supported, propped, or stayed, the wall, (ISh, T, K,) by means of a piece of timber or wood, or a buttress or the like, to prevent its falling; (ISh, T;) as also ↓ ارادأهُ: (Yoo, T, K:) or رَدَأَ الحَائِطَ بِبِنَآءٍ [he supported the wall by a structure;] he attached a structure to the wall. (M.) b2: Hence, (T,) رَدَأَهُ بِهِ He strengthened and supported him, or it, by means of it, (Lth, T, M, * K,) namely, a person by a thing, (Lth, T,) or a thing by a thing, (M,) like as one strengthens and supports a wall by means of a structure which he attaches thereto; (T;) as also ↓ ارادأهُ. (T, * K.) And رَدَأَهُ, (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. رَدْءٌ, (Mgh,) He helped, aided, or assisted, him; (Mgh, TA;) as also ↓ اردأهُ: (T, S, M, Msb, K:) and رَدَأْتُهُ and ↓ أَرْدَأْتُهُ, (T,) or بِنَفْسِى ↓ أَرْدَأْتُهُ, (S,) I was, or became, a helper, an aider, or an assistant, to him. (T, S.) b3: Hence also, (i. e., from ردأ الحَائط,) رَدَأَ الإِبِلَ (tropical:) He took good care of the camels, (A, K, TA,) in tending and pasturing them. (A, TA.) b4: and رَدَأَهُ بِحَجَرٍ He cast a stone at him; (M, K;) like [رَدَاهُ, mentioned in art. ردى, and] دَرَأَهُ. (M.) A2: رَدُؤَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَدَآءَةٌ, (T, S, M, K, &c.,) for which one should not say رَدَاوَةٌ; (T;) and Th mentions also رَدَأَ and رَدِىءَ as syn. with رَدُؤَ, but these are strange; and more strange is what is said in the Msb, namely, رَدَا aor. ـْ part. n. رَدِىٌّ, [as a dial. var.,] asserted by IDrst, in the Expos. of the Fs, to be erroneous, and peculiar to the vulgar; (MF, TA;) It (a thing, T, S, M, Msb,) [and he, see رَدِىْءٌ, its part. n.,] was, or became, bad, corrupt, vitious, depraved, or the like; (S, M, Msb, * K;) or of no rank, or estimation; low, ignoble, vile, or mean; (Msb;) [disapproved, disliked, hated, or abominable: (see رَدِىْءٌ:)] and he was, or became, weak, and impotent, so as to be in want or need. (TA from the Expositions of the Fs.) 2 رَدَّاَ see the next paragraph.4 اردأهُ: see 1, in five places. b2: Also He settled, established, or confirmed, him, or it, (K, TA,) in his, or its, state. (TA.) b3: He stilled, or quieted, him, or it. (K.) b4: And He let it down; namely, a veil, or curtain. (K.) A2: Also He rendered it bad, corrupt, vitious, depraved, or the like; (S, K;) namely, a thing; said of a man; (S;) [and ↓ ردّآهُ is used in the same sense: (see 1 in art. جشب:)] he made, or asserted, or held, it (a thing) to be رَدِىء [or bad, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And اردأ signifies He did a thing, or a deed, that was رَدِىْء [or bad, &c.]: or he met with, or experienced, (أَصَابَ,) a thing that was رَدِىْء. (M, K.) A3: اردأ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ It exceeded another thing; as also أَرْدَى: (M:) [or the latter only:] accord. to IAar, one says اردأ عَلَى السِّتِّينَ, with ء, (M,) and, accord. to Lth, على الخَمْسِينَ, (TA,) and, [accord. to F,] على مِائَةٍ, (K,) meaning He exceeded [the age of sixty, and fifty, and a hundred]: (M, K, TA:) but Az says that اردأ, with ء, [in these phrases,] though authorized by Lth, is wrong; (TA;) and accord. to A' Obeyed, one says أَرْدَيْتُ. (M. [It is added, however, in the M, that اردأ may perhaps be also used in poetry in the same sense without the prep. على.]) 5 تَرَدَّؤُوا They helped, aided, or assisted, one another. (Lth, M, TA.) رِدْءٌ A buttress, or the like, by means of which a wall is strengthened and supported. (T.) [This is the primary signification. See also رِدٌّ, in art. رد.] b2: [Or] the primary meaning is A thing by means of which one is helped, aided, or assisted; such as the دِفْء [or thing by which one is rendered warm, or protected from the cold wind]. (Bd in xxviii. 34; where it has the meaning next following, as is said in the T and S.) b3: A helper, an aider, or an assistant. (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, فُلَانٌ رِدْءٌ لِفُلَانٍ Such a one is an aider and a strengthener to such a one. (T.) b4: And i. q. مَادَّةٌ [app. as meaning An accession; or a thing that is added, whatever it be, to another thing]. (M, K.) b5: And (tropical:) i. q. عِدْلٌ [i. e. A burden that balances another burden on the other side of a beast]; (T, TA;) so called because one such ردء supports another: (TA:) and a heavy عِدْل: (T, K, TA:) pl. أَرْدَآءٌ. (T, TA.) رِدَآءٌ: see art. ردى.

رَدِىْءٌ, applied to a thing, (T, S, M, Msb,) and to a man, (M, TA,) Bad, corrupt, vitious, depraved, or the like; (S, M, Msb, * K;) of no rank, or estimation; low, ignoble, vile, or mean; (Msb;) disapproved, disliked, hated, or abominable: and weak, and impotent, so as to be in want or need: and accord to the Msb, one says also رَدِىٌّ; [there said to be a dial. var.;] but this is asserted by IDrst, in the Expos. of the Fs, to be erroneous, and peculiar to the vulgar: (TA:) pl. أَرْدِئَآءُ, with two hemzehs, (M, K,) applied to a people, or company of men. (M.) أَرْدَأُ Worse, and worst; more, and most, corrupt &c.]

مِرْدَأَةٌ A stone which a strong man can hardly lift with both his hands; (TA;) as also مِرْدَاةٌ. (ISh, TA in art. ردى.)

رسب

1 رَسَبَ, (S, M, A, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, A, &c.,) inf. n. رُسُوبٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and رَسْبٌ; (Msb;) and رَسُبَ, aor. ـُ (M, A, K;) It (a thing, S, Msb) sank, or subsided, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) in water [&c.]. (S, M, A, Mgh, K.) b2: [Hence,] رَسَبَتْ عَيْنَاهُ (tropical:) His eyes sank [in their sockets]. (S, A.) b3: And السَّيْفُ يَرْسُبُ فِى الضَّريبَةِ (tropical:) The sword sinks, or disappears, in the thing struck with it. (TA.) 2 رسّب It precipitated a substance, or caused it to sink in a liquid: used in this sense in chymical works; but probably post-classical. See what next follows.]4 ارسب It caused [a thing] to sink: hence, in a trad., describing the people of Hell, إِذَا طَفَتْ بِهِمُ النَّارُ أَرْسَبَتْهُمُ الأَغْلَالُ When the fire shall raise them, and make them. to appear [or rather to swim upon its surface], the collars, by reason of their weight, shall make them to sink to the bottom thereof. (TA.) A2: And ارسبوا Their eyes sank in their heads by reason of hunger. (K, TA.) 5 ترسّب It (a substance) became precipitated, or was caused to sink, in a liquid: used in this sense in chymical works; but probably postclassical.]

رَسَبٌ and رُسَبٌ: see the next paragraph.

رَسُوبٌ [What is wont to sink, or subside, in water &c. b2: And hence,] Dregs amid water and blood: in this sense improperly pronounced رُسُوبٌ. (KL. [Golius, as on the same authority, explains it as meaning sedimentum aquæ, urinæ, etc.: hypostasis. See also the next paragraph.]) b3: [Hence also,] (tropical:) A sword (S, M, A, K) that penetrates into, (S,) or that disappears in, (M, A, K,) the thing struck with it; (S, M, A, K;) and so ↓ رَسَبٌ (M, K) and ↓ رُسَبٌ (K, TA) and ↓ مِرْسَبٌ. (A, K, TA. [In the CK, by the omission of وَ after the last, this and the last but one are made to be appellations of a sword of Mohammad or of Soloman, and of a sword of El-Hárith Ibn-AbeeShemir.]) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The glans of the penis: (M, K:) app. because of its disappearance on the occasion of the act of جِمَاعِ. (M.) b5: and (assumed tropical:) Forbearing, or element; as also ↓ رَاسِبٌ. (K.) رُسَابَةُ المَآءش (JK and Mgh and K in art. تقن [in CK erroneously رَسَابَة]) [The sediment of water;] the thick matter that is borne by water [and that sinks to the bottom]. (Lth, Mgh in that art.) رَسُوبِىٌّ and ↓ مُتَرَسِّبٌ, terms used by Ibn-Seenà, are explained by Golius as meaning Having, or depositing, a sediment: but the former rather means having the nature of dregs, or sediment: and the latter, becoming, or that becomes, precipitated.]

رَاسِبٌ (tropical:) A firm mountain. (M, A, K.) b2: See also رُسُوبٌ.

رَوْسَبٌ A calamity, or misfortune; (K;) as also رَوْسَمٌ. (TA.) مِرْسَبٌ: see رَسُوبٌ.

مَرَاسِبُ i. q. أَوَاسٍ [pl. of آسِيَةٌ, and app. here meaning Columns, or props]. (K.) مُتَرَسِّبٌ: see رَسُوبِىٌّ.

ركب

1 رَكِبَهُ, (S, * A, K,) and رَكِبَ عَلَيْهِ, (A,) aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. رُكُوبٌ (S, A, K) and مَرْكَبٌ; (A, K;) and ↓ ارتكبهُ; (K;) I. q. عَلَاهُ (A, K, TA) and عَلَا عَلَيْهِ [explained by what follows]. (TA.) You say, رَكِبْتُ الدَّابَّةَ, (Msb,) or الفَرَسَ, (Mgh,) and رَكِبْتُ عَلَيْهَا, [or عَلَيْهِ,] inf. n. رُكُوبٌ and مَرْكَبٌ [as above, meaning I rode, or rode upon, and I mounted, or mounted upon, the beast, or the horse]. (TA. [See also رَاكِبٌ.]) [and رَكِبْتُ السَّفِينَةَ, or فِى السَّفِينَةِ (agreeably with the Kur xi. 43 and xviii. 70 and xxix. 65), I embarked in the ship; went on board the ship.] And one says, of anything, رَكِبَهُ [and ↓ ارتكبه] as meaning عَلَاهُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, upon, or over, it; got upon it; came, or arose, upon it; overlay it; was, or became, superincumbent, or supernatant, upon it; overspread it]; namely, another thing. (TA.) [In like manner,] one says also, of anything, رُكِبَ and ↓ اُرْتُكِبَ as meaning عُلِىَ [i. e., when said of a horse or the like, He was ridden, or ridden upon, and was mounted, or mounted upon: whence other significations in other cases, indicated above]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَكِبَ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا i. q. ↓ تراكب (tropical:) [It lay one part upon another; it was, or became, heaped, or piled, up, or together, one part upon, or overlying, another:] said of fat [as meaning it was, or became, disposed in layers, one above another: see رَاكِبَةٌ]. (A, TA.) [And hence, رَكِبَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا (assumed tropical:) The people bore, or pressed, or crowded, (as though mounting,) one upon another; a phrase well known, and of frequent occurrence: or meaning (assumed tropical:) the people followed one another closely; from what next follows.] b3: رَكِبَهُ also means [(assumed tropical:) He came upon him, or overtook him; or] he followed closely, or immediately, after him: and رَكِبْتُ أَثَرَهُ and طَرِيقَهُ (assumed tropical:) I followed close after him. (L.) b4: [رَكِبَ الطَّرِيقَ, and الرَّمْلَ, and المَفَازَةَ, (assumed tropical:) He went upon, or trod, or travelled, the road, and the sand or sands, and the desert: and رَكِبَ البَحْرَ (assumed tropical:) He embarked, or voyaged, upon the sea. Hence,] رَكِبَ اللَّيْلَ, and الهَوْلَ, (tropical:) [He ventured upon, encountered, or braved, the night, and that which was terrible or fearful,] and the like thereof. (TA.) [And رَكِبَ أَمْرًا and ↓ ارتكبهُ (assumed tropical:) He ventured upon, embarked in, or undertook, an affair: and (assumed tropical:) he surmounted it, or mastered it: the former meaning is well known: the latter is indicated by an explanation of the phrase رَكَّابٌ لِلْأُمُورِ, which see below.] And رَكِبَ ذَنْبًا (A, K) and ↓ ارتكبهُ (S, A, MA, K) (tropical:) He committed a sin, or crime, or the like. (S, MA, TA.) And رَكِبَ فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا بِأَمْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one did to such a one a thing]. (TA.) And رَكِبَهُ بِمَكْرُوهٍ and ↓ ارتكبهُ (tropical:) [He did to him an evil, or abominable, or odious, deed]. (A.) And رَكِبْتُ الدَّيْنَ and ↓ ارتكبتهُ (tropical:) I became much in debt: and رَكِبَنِى الدَّيْنُ and ↓ ارتكبنى (tropical:) [Debt burdened me]. (Msb.) b5: رَكِبَ رَأْسَهُ (tropical:) He went at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, (مَضَى عَلَى وَجْهِهِ, A, Msb,) [i. e.,] without consideration, (A,) or without any certain aim, or object, (Msb,) not obeying a guide to the right course. (A.) You say, يُرْكَبُ رَأْسَهُ لَا يَدْرِى أَيْنَ يَتَوَجَّهُ (assumed tropical:) [He goes at random, &c., not knowing whither to direct himself]. (S and K in art. كمه.) [See also رَكْبَةٌ. In like manner also, you say, رَكِبَ رَأْيَهُ (K voce اِسْتَهَجَّ &c.) (assumed tropical:) He followed his own opinion. And رَكِبَ هَوَاهُ (S in art. جمح) (assumed tropical:) He followed his own natural desire, without consideration, and not obeying a guide to the right course of conduct.] b6: رَكِبْتُ دُبَّتَهُ and دُبَّهُ (assumed tropical:) I kept to his state, or condition, and his way, mode, or manner, of acting &c.; and did as he did. (M in art. دب.) And رَكِبَتْهُ الحُمَّى (assumed tropical:) [The fever continued upon him] is a phrase similar to أَغْبَطَتْهُ الحُمَّى and اِمْتَطَتْهُ and اِرْتَحَلَتْهُ. (A and TA in art. غبط) A2: رَكَبَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, A, K,) inf. n. رَكْبٌ, (TA,) [from رُكْبَةٌ,] He struck, or smote, his knee: (S, A, K:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S, A,) he struck him, or smote him, with his knee: (S, A, K:) or he took him by his hair, (K,) or by the hair of each side of his head, (TA,) and struck his forehead with his knee. (K, TA.) Hence, in a trad., رَكَبْتُ

أَنْفَهُ بِرُكْبَتِى I struck his nose with my knee. (TA.) And in another trad., أَمَا تَعْرِفُ الأَزْدَ وَرَكْبَهَا اِتَّقِ الأَزْدَ لَا يَأْخُذُوكَ فَيَرْكُبُوكَ [Knowest thou not El-Azd, (the tribe so called,) and their striking with the knee? Beware thou of El-Azd, lest they take thee, and strike thee with their knees]: for this practice was notorious among El-Azd; in the dial. of whom, أُمُّ كَيْسَانَ was a metonymical appellation of the knee. (TA.) A3: رُكِبَ, like عُنِىَ, [pass. in form, but neut. in signification,] He (a man) had a complaint of his knee. (TA.) A4: رَكِبَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَكَبٌ, (TA,) He was large in the knee. (K.) 2 ركّبهُ الفَرَسَ, [inf. n. as below,] He lent him the horse, [or mounted him on the horse,] to go forth on a warring and plundering expedition, on the condition of receiving from him one half of the spoil: (K, * TA:) or for a portion of the spoil that he should obtain. (TA.) [See also 4.]

b2: And ركّبهُ, inf. n. تَرْكِيبٌ, He put, or set, one part of it upon another: (K:) [he set it, or fixed it, in another thing: he composed it; constituted it; or put it together.] تَرْكِيبٌ signifies The putting together, or combining, things, whether suitable or not, or placed in order or not: it is a more general term than تَأْلِيفٌ, which is the collecting together, or putting together, suitable things. (Kull p. 118.) You say, رَكَّبَ الفَصَّ فِى

الخَاتَمِ (S, A) He set the stone in the signet-ring: and ركّب السِّنَانَ فِى القَنَاةِ He fixed the spearhead in the shaft; (A;) and النَّصْلَ فِى السَّهْمِ [the arrow-head in the shaft]. (S.) And شَىْءٌ حَسَنُ التَّرْكِيبِ [A thing good, or beautiful, in respect of composition or constitution; well, or beautifully, composed or constituted or put together]. (TA.) b3: Also He removed it from one place to another in which to plant it; namely, a shoot of a palm-tree. (Mgh.) 4 اركب He (a colt) became fit for being ridden; attained to the fit time for being ridden. (S, Msb, K.) [See also مُرْكِبٌ.]

A2: اركبهُ He gave him, appointed him, or assigned him, an animal on which to ride. (S.) [See also 2.] b2: أَرْكَبَنِى خَلْفَهُ [He mounted me, or made me to ride, behind him]. (A.) And أَرْكَبَنِى مَرْكَبًا فَارِهًا [He mounted me on a quick, brisk, sharp, or strong, beast]. (A.) b3: [Hence, اركبهُ أَمْرًا (assumed tropical:) He made him to venture upon, embark in, or undertake, an affair. And اركبهُ ذَنْبًا (assumed tropical:) He made him to commit a sin, or crime, or the like.]5 تركّب It had one part of it put, or set, upon another; as also ↓ تراكب: (K:) [it was, or became, composed, constituted, or put together: see 2.] You say, تركّب الفَصُّ فِى الخَاتَمِ [The stone was set in the signet-ring]: and تركّب النَّصْلُ فِى السَّهْمِ [The arrow-head was fixed in the shaft]. (S.) 6 تراكب: see 1: and 5. You say, تراكب السَّحَابُ The clouds were, or became, [heaped, or piled, up,] one above, or upon, [or overlying,] another; as also تراكم. (TA.) 8 إِرْتَكَبَ see 1, in eight places.10 استركبهُ فَأَرْكَبَهُ [He asked him to give him, appoint him, or assign him, an animal on which to ride, and he gave him, appointed him, or assigned him, one]. (A.) رَكْبٌ: see رَاكِبٌ, in three places.

رَكَبٌ The عَانَة: (ISk, Msb, K:) or the place of growth of the عَانَة, (S, K,) or of the hair of the عَانَة: (Mgh:) [i. e. it signifies the pubes; either as meaning the hair of the mons Veneris, or the mons Veneris itself: generally the latter; and this is often meant by the term عانة alone:] or the part that slopes down from the belly, and is beneath the ثُنَّة [q. v.] and above the pudendum: in all these senses said by Lh to be masc.: (TA:) or the pudendum (Az, Msb, K) itself: (TA:) or the external portion thereof: (K:) or the رَكَبَانِ are the roots of the two thighs, upon which is the flesh of the pudendum, (K, TA,) or upon which are the two portions of flesh of the pudendum: (TA:) the ركب is masc.: (Msb:) it is common to the man and the woman, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) accord. to Fr: (S, Msb:) or peculiar to the woman, (S, Mgh, K,) accord. to Kh: (S:) ElFarezdak makes it plainly common to both, saying, حِينَ التَقَى الرَّكَبُ المَحْلُوقُ بِالرَّكَبِ [When the shaven pubes met the pubes]: (TA: [and a similar ex. is given in the S and Msb, as cited by Fr:]) the pl. is أَرْكَابٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and أَرَاكِيبُ; (K;) the latter being pl. of the former; but in some copies of the K أَرَاكِبُ, like مَسَاجِدُ. (TA.) A2: Also Whiteness in the رُكْبَة [or knee]. (TA.) رَكْبَةٌ A single ride, or act of riding: pl. رَكَبَاتٌ. (IAth, L.) b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ يَمْشِى الرَّكْبَةَ (tropical:) [i. e. يَرْكَبُ رَأْسَهُ He goes at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, &c., (see 1,)] and هُمْ يَمْشُونَ الرَّكَبَاتِ (tropical:) [They go at random, &c.]. (A. [The meaning is there indicated by the context, and is shown by what here follows.]) Respecting the phrase تمْشُونَ الرَّكَبَاتِ, occurring in a trad., meaning تَرْكَبُونَ رُؤُوسَكُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Ye go at random, &c.], in that which is false, wrong, or vain, and in factions, or seditions, or the like, following one another without consideration, IAth says that رَكْبَةٌ [properly] signifies as explained above in the first sentence of this paragraph, and that the pl. الركبات is here governed in the accus. case by a verb understood, and [with that verb] is a denotative of state relating to the agent in تمشون: it supplies the place of that verb, which it does not require to be expressed; and the implied meaning is تَمْشُونَ تَرْكَبُونَ الرَّكَبَاتِ. (L.) رُكْبَةٌ a word of well-known meaning, (S, Msb,) [The knee; i. e., in a man,] the joint between the lower parts of the thigh and the upper parts of the shank: (A, K:) or [in a quadruped,] the joint between the metacarpus and the radius (مَوْصِلُ الوَظِيفِ وَالذِّرَاعِ): this is the right explanation: in the K, مَوْضِع is erroneously put for مَوْصِل: [this explanation is evidently given accord. to the terms employed in the anatomy of quadrupeds as compared to human beings: in that which next follows, there is certainly an omission, which I have endeavoured to supply:] or the رُكْبَتَانِ of the fore legs of the camel are the two joints that [project forwards, in like manner as do, in the hind legs, those that] are next the belly [meaning the stifle-joints] when he lies down upon his breast with folded legs: the two joints that project behind [in the hind legs, namely, the hocks,] are called the عُرْقُوبَانِ: in every quadruped, the ركبتان are in the fore legs, and the عرقوبان are in the hind legs: and the عرقوب is what is called مَوْصِلُ الوَظِيفِ [i. e. the upper joint of the metatarsus]: (TA:) or the ركبة is the مِرْفَق [which in a man is the elbow, but here seems to mean the lower joint] of the ذِرَاع [or radius] of anything [i. e. of any beast]: (K:) [from its being said in the S and Msb that the رُكْبَة is “ well known,” I conclude that there is no real discrepancy in the foregoing explanations: it is perhaps needless to add that the term رُكْبَة is now universally applied to the knee of a man and to what we commonly call the knee of a horse and the like:] the pl. is رُكَبٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e. the pl. of mult., and the pl. of pauc. is رُكْبَاتٌ and رُكَبَاتٌ and رُكُبَاتٌ. (S.) Lh mentions the phrase بَعِيرٌ مُسْتَوْقِحُ الرُّكَبِ [meaning A hardkneed camel]; as though the term رُكْبَةٌ were applied to each part, and the pl. used accord. to this application. (TA.) b2: One says [of an agitating affair or event], أَمْرٌ اصْطَكَّتْ فِيهِ الرُّكَبُ وَحَكَّتْ فِيهِ الرُّكْبَةُ الرُّكَبَةَ (tropical:) [An affair, or event, in which the knees knocked together, and in which the knee rubbed the knee]. (A.) b3: And of one who has the mark of prostration in prayer on his forehead, between his eyes, (L,) بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ مِثْلُ رُكْبَةِ العَنْزِ [Between his eyes is the like of the knee of the she-goat]. (A, * L.) And of any two things that are alike, or correspondent, هُمَا كَرُكْبَتَى العَنْزِ [They are like the two knees of the she-goat]; because her two knees fall together upon the ground when she lies down. (L.) b4: And it is said in a prov., شَرُّ النَّاسِ مَنْ مِلْحُهُ عَلَى رُكعبَتِهِ [The worst of men is he whose fat is upon his knee]: applied to him who is quickly angered; and to the perfidious: (Meyd, TA:) the phrase مِلْحُهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتِهِ is also used as meaning The smallest thing makes him angry: (TA:) and a poet says, لَا تَلُمْهَا إِنَّهَا مِنْ عُصْبَةٍ

مِلْحُهَا مَوْضُوعَةٌ فَوْقَ الرُّكَبْ [Blame her not; for she is of a set of people whose fat is placed above the knees: perhaps meaning, for she is but a woman; as women are generally fat in the part above the knee]: (TA:) or مِنْ نِسْوَةٍ [in the place of مِنْ عُصْبَةٍ], meaning of women whose object of anxiety, or care, is fatness and fat: (Meyd, TA:) so that the prov. seems to mean that the worst of men is he who has not such intelligence as bids him to do that which is praiseworthy, but only bids him to do that in which is inconstancy and levity, and an inclining to the dispositions of women, to the love of fatness and fat. (Meyd.) [See other explanations in art. ملح.]

A2: Also The lower part (أَصْل) of the plant صِلِّيَانَة, when it has been cut. (K.) رِكْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of riding. (S.) Yousay, هُوَ حَسَنُ الرِّكْبَةِ He has a good mode, or manner, of riding. (A, * TA.) b2: [It is said in the K to be a subst. from رَكِبَهُ; as though signifying A riding.]

رَكَبَةٌ A company of riders upon camels, (K,) or of owners of camels on a journey, or travellers upon camels, exclusively of other beasts, (S,) but less in number than the company called رَكْبٌ: (S, K:) [and probably also a company of riders upon any beasts, but less than what is called رَكْبٌ:] accord. to MF, it is a pl. of رَاكِبٌ. (TA.) [See also أُرْكُوبٌ.]

رَكْبَى and رَكْبَاةٌ: see رَكُوبٌ.

رَكَبُوتٌ and رَكَبُوتَى: see رَكُوبٌ.

رَكْبَانَةٌ: see رَكُوبٌ, in two places.

رِكَابٌ [Travelling-camels, used for riding; i. e.] camels (S, K, TA) upon which people journey; (S, TA;) i. q. مَطِىٌّ: (Msb:) or camels fit for carrying: (Har p. 22:) it has no proper sing.: (S:) the word used for the sing. is رَاحِلَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or, as ISh says, in the “ Book of Camels,” رِكَابٌ and عِيرٌ are applied to camels that go forth for corn (طَعَام) to be brought back upon them, both when they go forth and after they have come back: and the former term is applied also to camels upon which people journey to Mekkeh, on which مَحَامِل are borne: and hired [or other] camels that carry the goods and corn of merchants: but camels are not called عير, though bearing corn, [unless] if hired: [I insert the words “ or other ” and “ unless ” because it is further said,] عير are not those that bring corn for their owners; but these are called رِكَابٌ: (L, TA:) the pl. is رُكُبٌ, (S, K,) accord. to A'Obeyd, (TA,) and رِكَابَاتٌ and رَكَائِبُ; (K;) or, accord. to IAar, رُكُبٌ is not pl. of رِكَابٌ; and others say that it is pl. of ↓ رَكُوبٌ, signifying any beast on which one rides, [an epithet] of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; (TA;) but called by ISd a subst.; (TA voce جَزُوزٌ;) and ↓ رَكُوبَةٌ is a more special term than رَكُوبٌ. (TA in the present art.) b2: [Hence,] رِكَابُ السَّحَابِ (tropical:) [The bearers of the clouds; i. e.] the winds. (A, K.) Umeiyeh says, تَرَدَّدُ وَالرِّيَاحُ لَهَا رِكَابُ [It (referring to a cloud) goes to and fro (تَرَدَّد being for تَتَرَدَّدُ), the winds being its bearers]. (TA.) A2: Also [The stirrup of a horse's saddle;] a well-known appertenance of a horse's saddle; (S;) the same with respect to a horse's saddle as the غَرْز with respect to a camel's: pl. رُكُبٌ. (K.) رَكُوبٌ and ↓ رَكُوبَةٌ: see رِكَابٌ: both signify A beast that is ridden: (S:) or a she-camel that is ridden: (K:) or the latter has this meaning: and is metaphorically applied to anything ridden: (Msb:) or the former signifies any beast that is ridden: and the latter is a name for everything that is ridden; applied to one, and to a pl. number: (TA:) or the former signifies ridden, as a fem. epithet: and the latter, one specially appointed for riding; and that is constantly kept to work; of beasts (K, TA) of any kind: (TA:) and the latter and ↓ رَكْبَانَةٌ and ↓ رَكْبَاةٌ and ↓ رَكَبُوتٌ (K) and ↓ رَكْبَى and ↓ رَكَبُوتَى, (K * and TA in art. حلب, [see حَلُوبٌ in several places,]) a she-camel that is ridden; or that is broken, trained, or rendered submissive or manageable: (K:) or رَكُوبٌ has this last signification, accord. to Az: and its pl. is رُكُبٌ: (TA:) the pl. of رَكُوبَةٌ being رَكَائِبُ: (TA voce جَزُوزٌ:) and ↓ رَكْبَانَةٌ signifies [also] a she-camel fit to be ridden; (S, TA;) like as حَلْبَانَةٌ signifies fit to be milked: the ا and ن are [said to be] added in order to give intensiveness to the signification: (TA:) [and all the other epithets mentioned above seem also, accord. to some, to have an intensive sense: see حَلُوبٌ.] You say, مَا لَهُ رَكُوبَةٌ وَلَا حَمُولَةٌ وَلَا حَلُوبَةٌ He has not a she-camel to ride, nor one to carry burdens, nor one to be milked. (S, TA.) b2: Also بَعِيرٌ رَكُوبٌ A camel having marks of galls, or sores, on his back, produced by the saddle. (TA.) b3: And طَرِيقٌ رَكُوبٌ A road ridden upon, (S, TA,) and trodden so as to be rendered even, or easy to be travelled. (TA.) A2: See also رَكَّابٌ.

رَكِيبٌ One who rides with another; a fellowrider. (K.) رَكِيبُ السُّعَاةِ, mentioned in a trad., and there promised a place in Hell, means He who accompanies tyrannical عُمَّال [or collectors of the poor-rates]. (TA.) b2: See also مَرَكَّبٌ. b3: نَخْلٌ رَكِيبٌ (K) and رَكِيبٌ مِنْ نَخْلٍ (TA) Palmtrees planted in a row by a rivulet, or not by a rivulet. (K, TA.) A2: Also A مَشَارَة, (K,) i. e. سَاقِيَة [or channel of water for irrigation]: (TA:) or a rivulet between [two pieces of sown ground such as are termed] دَبْرَتَانِ: (K:) or between two gardens of palm-trees and grape-vines: (so accord. to the text of the K in the TA:) or what is between two gardens of palm-trees and grape-vines: (so accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K:) or grape-vines between two rivers or rivulets: (TA:) or a place of seed-produce: (K:) or a clear, or cleared, piece of land, in which one sows: (T:) pl. رُكُبٌ. (K.) b2: [Hence,] أَهْلُ الرَّكِيبِ The people who stay, or dwell, by water; syn. الحُضَّارُ. (TA.) رُكَيْبٌ dim. of رَكْبٌ. (TA.) See رَاكِبٌ.

رَكُوبَةٌ: see رَكُوبٌ.

زَيْتٌ رِكَابِىٌّ [Olive-oil:] so called because brought on camels from Syria. (S, A, * K.) رَكَّابٌ and ↓ رَكُوبٌ, applied to a man, (K, TA,) the latter on the authority of Th, (TA,) signify the same, (K, TA,) Who rides much; a great rider: and so رَكَّابَةٌ applied to a woman. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَكَّابٌ لِلْأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) A man who surmounts, or masters, affairs; [or who often does so; or accustomed to embark in, or undertake, or to surmount, or master, them; or who often embarks in, or undertakes, them, and therefore surmounts, or masters, them;] by his knowledge, and repeated experience, and good judgment. (K and TA in art. طلع.) عَلاهُ الرُّكَّابُ (tropical:) The nightmare, or incubus, came upon him. (A.) رَكَّابَةٌ: see the latter part of the next paragraph.

رَاكِبٌ Riding; or a rider: (Mgh, Msb, K:) or properly only a rider upon a camel: (ISk, S, K:) or the latter is its meaning when it is not used as a prefixed noun, as explained below; and is said to be the original signification: IB says that it may signify a rider upon a camel, ass, horse, or mule, when used as a prefixed noun; as when you say رِاكِبُ جَمَلٍ and رَاكِبُ حِمَارٍ &c.: (L:) accord. to ISk, you term a rider upon an ass فَارِسٌ عَلَى حِمَارٍ, (S, TA,) and a rider upon a mule فَارِسٌ عَلَى بَغْلٍ; (TA;) but 'Omarah says, I do not call the owner or rider of the ass فارس, but حَمَّارٌ; and the reason of his saying so is manifest, for فارس is an epithet of the measure فَاعِلٌ from الفَرَسُ “ the horse,” meaning “ an owner, or a rider, of the horse: ” (S, TA:) the pl. is رُكَّابٌ (S, K) and رُكْبَانٌ (S, * Mgh, Msb, K) and رُكُوبٌ (Mgh, K) and رِكَبَةٌ, (K,) or this last is a mistake for رَكَبَةٌ [q. v.], (MF, TA,) and ↓ رَكْبٌ, (Akh, Msb, K, TA,) as some say; (TA;) or this last is a quasi-pl. n., (K, TA,) not a broken pl. of رَاكِبٌ; (TA;) and signifies riders upon camels; (K;) or owners of camels on a journey, or travellers upon camels; (S;) consisting of ten or more: (S, K:) and sometimes it signifies riders upon horses: (IB, K:) or riders upon horses and camels: (IB, L, TA:) or a company of riders upon horses; or upon horses and camels: (TA:) [or, accord. to Kh, riders upon any beasts: (De Sacy's Anthol. Gram. Ar. p. 54 of the Arabic text:)] in the Kur viii. 43, الرَّكْبُ may signify the riders upon horses, or the riders upon camels, or the army composed of both these: (TA:) the pl. of رَكْبٌ is أَرْكُبٌ, (S, K,) [a pl. of pauc.,] and رُكُوبٌ. (K.) Accord. to IB, you do not say إِبِلٍ ↓ رَكْبُ nor رُكْبَانُ إِبِلٍ: but it is said that رُكَّابُ إِبِلٍ and رُكَّابُ خَيْلٍ &c. are allowable. (L.) An instance of رُكْبَان as distinguished from فُرْسَان occurs in a verse cited as one of the exs. of the preposition بِ. (TA.) ↓ رُكَيْبٌ [properly signifying A small company of riders upon camels, &c.,] occurs as meaning collectors of the poorrates: it is the dim. of ↓ رَكْبٌ; and shows that this latter is not a pl. [properly speaking] of رَاكِبٌ; for, were it so, the word used as its dim. would be رُوَيْكِبُونَ. (TA.) [See also رَكَبَةٌ, and أُرْكُوبٌ.] b2: [Also A person on board of a ship or boat: pl. رُكَّابٌ.] You say رُكَّابُ السَّفِينَةِ (S, TA) The persons on board of the ship, or boat: and رُكَّابُ المَآءِ the voyagers upon the water: and Ibn-Ahmar has used in this sense the pl. رُكْبَانٌ; but it is said that this is not allowable; nor is أُرْكُوبٌ; nor رَكْبٌ. (TA.) b3: Also, and ↓ رَاكُوبٌ, (assumed tropical:) A shoot germinating upon the trunk of a palm-tree, not having any root in the ground: (S:) or a shoot on the upper part of a palm-tree, hanging down, but not reaching the ground; and so ↓ رَاكِبَةٌ and ↓ رَاكُوبَةٌ and ↓ رَكَّابَةٌ: (K:) or, as some say, the last of these words is not thus applied, but means a woman “ who rides much: ”

AHn, however, says that it signifies a palm-shoot, or the like thereof, growing forth at the top of the trunk of a palm-tree, and, in some instances, bearing with its mother; but when it is cut off, it is better for the mother: and رَاكِبٌ is also explained in the L as meaning small palm-trees that grow forth at the lower parts of large palmtrees: (TA:) or it means a shoot of a palm-tree not cut off from its mother: (Ham p. 66:) accord. to As, when a palm-shoot grows from the trunk, and does not adhere to the ground, it forms a vile kind of palm-tree; and the Arabs call it رَاكِبٌ and ↓ رَاكُوبٌ: the pl. of this last [and of ↓ رَاكُوبَةٌ] is رَوَاكِيبُ. (TA.) b4: رُكْبَانُ السُّنْبُلِ means (tropical:) What first appear, or grow forth, from the قُنْبُع, (A, K, TA,) i. e. the envelope of the grain, (TA,) of the ear of wheat. (K, TA.) b5: رَاكِبٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The head [or summit] of a mountain (جَبَل), as in [most of] the copies of the K; in some of which is found حَبْل [or rope]. (TA.) رَاكِبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: Also sing. of رَوَاكِبُ (TA) which signifies (tropical:) Streaks [or layers] of fat, (A, K, TA,) overlying one another, (K, TA,) in the fore part of a camel's hump: those in the hinder part are called رَوَادِفُ, (A, K, TA,) of which the sing. is رَادِفَةٌ. (TA.) رَاكُوبٌ and رَاكُوبَةٌ: see رَاكِبٌ, latter part, in four places.

أَرْكَبُ Large in the رُكْبَة [or knee]. (S, K.) b2: A camel having one of his knees larger than the other. (S, K.) أُرْكُوبٌ A company of riders upon camels, (K,) or of owners of camels on a journey, or of travellers upon camels, exclusively of other beasts, (S,) but more in number than the company called رَكْبٌ: (S, K:) pl. أَرَاكِيبُ. (TA.) [See also رَكَبَةٌ.]

مَرْكَبٌ an inf. n. of رَكِبَ. (A, K, TA.) b2: And also a noun of place [properly signifying A place of riding, &c.]. (TA.) [Hence, Anything upon which one rides; and upon, or in, which one is borne or carried:] one of the مَرَاكِب of the land; and [more commonly] of the sea: (S, K:) [i. e.] a beast [on which one rides]; (A, TA;) and a vessel, i. e. a ship or boat: (A, Mgh, Msb, TA:) a saddle; and any kind of vehicle borne by a camel or other beast: (the lexicons passim:) مَرَاكِبُ is the pl. (Mgh, Msb.) Yousay, نِعْمَ المَرْكَبُ الدَّابَّةُ [Excellent, or most excellent, is the thing upon which one rides, the beast]. (A.) And جَآءَتْ مَرَاكِبُ اليَمَنِ The vessels, or the ships or boats, of El-Yemen came. (A.) b3: [And hence المَرْكَبُ as the name of (assumed tropical:) The principal star (a) of Pegasus; because in the place of the saddle.]

مُرْكِبٌ A colt that has become fit for being ridden. (TA.) And دَابَّةٌ مُرْكِبَةٌ A beast that has attained the age at which one may ride him during a warring and plundering expedition. (TA.) مُرَكَّبٌ A man to whom a horse is lent for a portion of the spoil that he may obtain: (IAar, TA:) or a man who borrows a horse upon which to go forth on a warring and plundering expedition, and who receives one half of the spoil, the other half being for the lender: (K:) or one to whom a horse has been given for him to ride, and who has put his foot into the stirrup. (A.) [Also] Weak in the art of horsemanship, or the management of horses, and the riding of them. (Ham p. 441.) b2: [Also Put, or set, one part upon another: set, or fixed, in another thing: composed; constituted; or put together: see its verb, 2.] The stone [set] in the signet-ring is termed مُرَكَّبٌ and ↓ رَكِيبٌ; and so the arrowhead [fixed] in the shaft: (S:) or رَكِيبٌ signifies, (K, TA,) as a subst., (TA,) a thing set (مُرَكَّبٌ) in a thing, such as a ring-stone in the bezel, or collet, of the signet-ring. (K, * TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) Origin: and place of growth or germination or vegetation. (S, K, TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ المُرَكَّبِ (tropical:) Such a one is generous, or noble, in respect of the origin of his rank among his people. (S, A. *)

ردح

1 رَدَحَ البَيْتَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَدْحٌ, (TA,) He inserted an oblong piece of cloth, (S, K,) such as is termed رُدْحَة, (TA,) in the hinder part of the tent; as also ↓ اردحهُ: (S, K:) or both signify he widened the tent: (A:) or he lowered, or let down, the curtain (رُدْحَة, or سُتْرَة,) at the hinder part of the tent. (L, and so in some copies of the K.) b2: Also (thus in the S, but in the K “ or ”) He put a thick coating, or covering, of clay, or mud, upon the house, or structure; and so ↓ اردحهُ. (S, K.) b3: رَدْحٌ also signifies The spreading a thing upon the ground, so that it becomes even; and so تَرْدِيحٌ [inf. n. of ↓ ردّح]; but it is said that the latter occurs only in poetry: or the former, accord. to Az, the spreading a thing so that its back [or upper surface] becomes even with the ground. (TA.) b4: And رَدَحَهُ He threw him down prostrate. (L.) A2: رَدُحَتْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَدَاحَةٌ, She (a woman) was, or became, such as is termed رَدَاح, i. e. heavy in the hips, or haunches; or large in the posteriors, heavy in the hips, or haunches, and perfect in make. (TA.) 2 رَدَّحَ see the preceding paragraph.4 أَرْدَحَ see 1, in two places.

رُدْحَةٌ A curtain (سُتْرَة) in the hinder part, of a بَيْت [or tent]: (S, K:) or a piece, (S, K,) i. e. an oblong piece of cloth, (TA,) that is added in a tent, (S, K,) [in the hinder part thereof, (see 1,)] or inserted therein. (L.) b2: The رُدْحَة of the lurking-place, or pit, of a hunter consists of Stones set up around; which are also called حَمَائِرُ, pl. of حِمَارَةٌ. (TA.) A2: Also i. q. سَعَةٌ; and so ↓ مُرْتَدَحٌ: thus in the saying, لَكَ عَنْهُ رُدْحَةٌ and مُرْتَدَحٌ [meaning Thou hast ample scope, freedom, or liberty, to avoid it; or thou hast that which renders thee in no need of it]; (K;) like لَكَ عَنْهُ مَنْدُوحَةٌ. (TA.) رَدَاحٌ A great [bowl such as is termed] جَفْنَة: (S, A, * K:) this is said to be the primary signification: (Har p. 609:) pl. رُدُحٌ. (S, A.) b2: A widened tent; as also ↓ مَرْدُوحٌ and ↓ مُرْدَحٌ [of both which see the verbs]. (A.) b3: A woman heavy in the hips, or haunches: (S, K:) or a woman large in the hips, or haunches, and the posteriors: (A:) or a woman large in the posteriors, heavy in the hips, or haunches, and perfect in make; as also ↓ رَادِحَةٌ and ↓ رَدُوحٌ. (TA.) And A she-camel, (T, TA,) and a ram, (A, K,) large in the posteriors. (T, A, K, TA.) b4: A camel heavily laden, (K, TA,) that will not be roused, or put in motion or action, and rise. (TA.) b5: An army, or troop, (كَتِيبَةٌ,) marching heavily by reason of numbers, (S, K,) or dragging along the apparatus of war, heavily laden, (K,) great, (TA,) compact, with many horsemen. (A, TA.) b6: A great, wide, spreading tree. (A, K.) b7: [A place, or land,] abounding with herbage, or with the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; fruitful; or plentiful. (K.) b8: عُكُومٌ رَدَاحٌ Loads balancing one another that are heavy, much stuffed with goods or utensils and furniture; as also ↓ رِدَاحٌ: so in the Towsheeh &c. (TA.) b9: فِتْنَةٌ رَدَاحٌ (A, K) (tropical:) Heavy and great [conflict and faction, or sedition, or discord, or the like]: pl. رُدُحٌ: whence, in a saying of 'Alee, إِنَّ مِنْ وَرَائِكُمْ أُمُورًا مُتَمَاحِلَةً رُدُحًا, (K,) meaning (tropical:) [Verily behind you are events whereof the exposition would be long,] great conflicts and factions, or seditions, &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to one relation, رُدَّحًا, (K, TA,) pl. of ↓ رَادِحَةٌ, and meaning heavy, scarcely departing: and accord. to another, ↓ فِتَنًا مُرْدِحَةً, meaning oppressing by their weight; or covering the hearts; from أَرْدَحَ البَيْتَ [in the latter of the senses assigned to it above: see 1]. (TA.) b10: رَدَاحٌ also means (tropical:) Darkness. (A, TA.) رِدَاحٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رَدُوحُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رَادِحَةٌ: see رَدَاحٌ, in two places. b2: مَائِدَةٌ رَادِحَةٌ A large table abounding with good things. (TA.) مُرْدَحٌ: see رَدَاحٌ. b2: Homeyd says, (S, TA,) i. e. Ibn El-Arkat, (TA,) بِنَآءَ صَخْرٍ مُرْدَحٍ بِالطِّينِ meaning [A structure of rocks, or large stones,] thickly coated, or covered, with clay, or mud. (S.) b3: Az says that مُرْدَحٌ sometimes occurs in poetry in the sense of ↓ مَرْدُوحٌ as meaning Spread so that its back [or upper surface] is even with the ground. (TA.) مُرْدِحَة: see رَدَاحٌ, last sentence but one.

مَرْدُوحٌ: see رَدَاحٌ: b2: and مُرْدَحٌ.

مُرْتَدَحٌ: see رُدْحَةٌ.

رمح

1 رَمَحَهُ, (S, A, L, K,) aor. ـَ (L, K,) inf. n. رَمْحٌ, (L,) He thrust him, or pierced him, with a رُمْحٌ [i. e. spear, or lance]. (S, A, L, K.) b2: and رَمَحَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He (a solid-hoofed animal) struck with his hind leg. (Msb.) Yousay, of a horse, (S, A, K,) and of an ass, and of a mule, (S, A, *) or any solid-hoofed animal, (TA,) رَمَحَهُ, (S, A, K,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He kicked him; (K;) or struck him with his hind leg, (S, A, TA,) or with both his hind legs: (TA:) and accord. to Az, it is sometimes metaphorically said of a camel, (Msb, TA,) and رَمَحَتْ is sometimes said of a she-camel. (TA.) b3: [In the vulgar modern language, it means He (a horse or the like) galloped.] b4: [Hence,] said of the [locust termed] جُنْدَب, (tropical:) It struck the pebbles: (so in three copies of the S:) or it struck the pebbles with its hind leg, (L and A, and so, accord. to the TA, in the S,) or with its two hind legs. (K.) b5: And, said of lightning, (tropical:) It gleamed (A, K) with gleams slight and near together. (A.) 3 رامحهُ, inf. n. مُرَامَحَةٌ, He contended with him in thrusting, or piercing, with the spear, or lance. (A, TA. [The meaning is indicated in both, but not expressed.]) 6 ترامحوا They contended, one with another, in thrusting, or piercing, with the spear, or lance. (A, TA. [The meaning is indicated in both, but not expressed.]) رُمْحٌ A certain weapon, (L, TA,) well known; (L, Msb, K;) [i. e. a spear, or lance; one with which one thrusts, not which one casts; accord. to El-Hareeree, (cited by De Sacy in his “ Chrest. Ar,” sec. ed., ii. 332,) not so called unless having its iron head mounted upon it:] pl. رِمَاحٌ and أَرْمَاحٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) the former of mult. and the latter of pauc. (L.) [Hence the saying,] كَسَرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ رُمْحًا [lit. They broke a spear between them, or among them; meaning] (tropical:) evil, or mischief, [or enmity, or contention,] happened between them, or among them. (A, TA.) and مُنِينَا بِيَوْمٍ كَظِلِّ الرُّمْحِ (tropical:) We were tried with a long and distressing day. (A, TA.) And هُمْ عَلَى

بَنِى فُلَانٍ رُمْحٌ وَاحِدٌ (tropical:) [They are in league against the sons of such a one as one man]. (A, TA.) And كَأَنَّ عَيْنَيْهِ فِى رُمْحَيْنِ [As though his two eyes were upon two spears] is said of one in fear and fright, and looking hardly, or intently; and sometimes of one in anger. (TA.) [The dim. is ↓ رُمَيْحٌ. And hence the saying,] أَخَذَ رُمَيْحَ أَبِى

سَعْدٍ (assumed tropical:) He (a man, K, TA, or an old man, TA) stayed himself upon a staff by reason of extreme old age, or decrepitude: by ابوسعد is meant Lukmán the Sage, (K, TA,) who is mentioned in the Kur-án: (TA:) or Marthad Ibn-Saad: or it is a surname applied to old age, and decrepitude. (K, TA.) b2: See also رَامِحٌ. b3: [As a measure in astronomy, accord. to modern Arabian astronomers, it is Four degrees and a half; the eightieth part of a great circle; and accord. to various works on practical law, it consists of twelve أَشْبَار (or spans): but there is reason to believe that ancient usage differed from the modern, with respect to both these measures, and was not precise nor uniform: in an instance mentioned voce زُبَانَى, it appears to be about twice the measure stated above; i. e., about nine degrees; and to consist of five cubits, a measure perhaps equal to twelve spans.] b4: أَخَذَتْ رِمَاحَهَا, said of the [species of barley-grass called] بُهْمَى, (T, S, A, TA,) and of any similar pasture, (T, TA,) (tropical:) It assumed, or put forth, its prickles, (A, * TA,) or became dry in its prickles, (T, TA,) and thus (T, A, TA) resisted the attempts of animals to pasture upon it. (T, S, A, L, TA.) Also, said of camels, (tropical:) They became fat, (S, K, TA,) or yielded milk plentifully; (S, TA;) as though they prevented one's slaughtering them; (K;) or because their owner is prevented from slaughtering them: (S:) or they became goodly in the eye of their owner so that he was prevented from slaughtering them; (A, * TA;) and so أَخَذَتْ أَسْلِحَتَهَا. (TA.) One says also نَاقَةٌ ذَاتُ رُمْحٍ (tropical:) A fat she-camel; and إِبِلٌ ذَوَاتُ رِمَاحٍ (tropical:) fat camels; because their owner, when desiring to slaughter them, looks at their fatness and their goodly appearance, and is prevented from slaughtering them. (A, * TA.) b5: رِمَاحُ الجِنِّ (tropical:) [The pestilence termed] الطَّاعُونُ. (A, K.) [See the following verses.] b6: رِمَاحُ العَقْرَبِ i. q. شَوْلَاهَا [evidently a mistranscription for شَوْلَاتُهَا, i. e. (assumed tropical:) The stings of scorpions, with which they strike; العقرب being here used, as it seems to be in some other instances, as a coll. gen. n.: that such is the case is shown by the verses here following, quoted in the TA as an ex. of رِمَاحُ الجِنِّ]. (K.) A poet, cited by Th, says, لَعَمْرُكَ مَا خَشِيتُ عَلَى أُبَىٍّ

رِمَاحَ بَنِى مُقَيِّدَةِ الحِمَارِ وَلٰكِنِّى خَشِيتُ عَلَى أُبَىٍّ

رِمَاحَ الجِنِّ أَوْ إِيَّاكَ حَارِ [By thy life, or by thy religion, I feared not, for Ubeí, the stings of the scorpions; but I feared, for Ubeí, the pestilence, or thee, O Harith; حَارِ being for حَارِثُ]; by بنى مقيّدة الحمار he means the scorpions. (TA.) b7: [The dim.] ↓ رُمَيْحٌ is a proper name of (assumed tropical:) The penis; (K, * TA;) like as شُرَيْحٌ is a proper name for “ the vulva of a woman. ” (TA.) b8: ↓ ذُو الرُّمَيْحِ means (assumed tropical:) A species of jerboa, (K, TA,) long in the hind legs, in the middle [?] of each وَظِيف [here meaning metacarpus] having a nail in excess [of those of the hind feet; for the fore feet have each five toes of which one only has no nail, and the hind feet have each but three toes, all of which have nails]: or it means any jerboa: and its رمح [evidently a mistranscription for رُمَيْح] is its tail. (TA. [It is there added, ورماحه شولاتها; another mistranscription, and an obvious solecism; or probably some words which should have preceded these have been omitted by the copyist.]) رَمْحَةٌ: see رَمَّاحٌ: b2: and see also the paragraph here following.

رِمَاحٌ a pl. of رُمْحٌ. (S &c.) A2: Also [The vice of kicking, or striking with the hind leg or with both the hind legs;] a subst. from رَمَحَ said of any solid-hoofed animal: (Msb, TA:) it is a vice for which an animal that has been sold may be returned. (TA.) One says, هُوَ ذُو رِمَاحٍ [He has a vice of kicking]. (A.) And أَبْرَأُ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الجِمَاحِ وَالرَّمَاحِ [I am irresponsible to thee for the vice of overcoming the rider and running away with him, and the vice of kicking]. (TA.) [And ↓ رَمْحَةٌ, in like manner, signifies A trick of kicking: see an ex. voce جَمْحَةٌ.]

رَمُوحٌ and ↓ رَمَّاحٌ [A horse, or the like, that has a habit of kicking]. You say دَابَّةٌ رَمُوحٌ عَضُوضٌ and عَضَّاضَةٌ ↓ رَمَّاحَةٌ, [A kicking, biting, beast]. (A.) And نَاقَةٌ رَمُوحٌ (tropical:) A kicking she-camel. (TA.) رُمَيْحٌ: see رُمْحٌ, [of which it is the dim.], in three places.

رِمَاحَةٌ, The art of making رِمَاح [spears, or lances]. (S, A, * K.) See the next paragraph.

رَمَّاحٌ A maker of رِمَاح [spears, or lances]. (S, A, * Msb, K.) You say, هُوَ رَمَّاحٌ حَاذِقٌ فِى

↓ الرِّمَاحَةِ [He is a maker of spears or lances, skilful in the art of making them]. (A.) b2: See also رَامِحٌ.

A2: See also رَمُوحٌ, in two places. b2: قَوْسٌ رَمَّاحَةٌ A bow that propels [the arrow] vehemently. (K.) The word رمّاحة used [app. in this sense, without a subst.,] by Tufeyl El-Ghanawee is expl. by some as meaning A thrust, or piercing, with the رُمْح; but no way of resolving this is known, unless it be used in the place of ↓ رَمْحَةٌ, as the inf. n. of un. of رَمَحَ. (L.) A3: Also (tropical:) Poverty, need, or want. (K, TA. [This meaning is erroneously assigned in Freytag's Lex. to رُمْحٌ.]) رَامِحٌ Thrusting, or piercing, another with a رُمْح [i. e. spear, or lance]. (S, Msb.) b2: Also (S [in the Msb “ or ”]) A man having a رُمْح [spear, or lance]; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ رَمَّاحٌ: (L:) the former an epithet [of the possessive kind,] similar to لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ, having no verb. (S.) b3: السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ is the name of (tropical:) [The star Arcturus;] a certain star, before, or preceding, الفَكَّة [or Corona Borealis], preceded by another star, [the star η in the left leg of Bootes,] which is called its ↓ رُمْح [or spear, i. e. رُمْحُ السِّمَاكِ and simply الرُّمْحُ], (S, K,) whence its name: it is one of two stars which are together called السِّمَاكَانِ; and is not one of the Mansions of the Moon: (S:) it is also called السِّمَاكُ المِرْزَمُ: (Az, TA:) the other سماك [is Spica Virginis, the Fourteenth Mansion of the Moon, and] is called الأَعْزَلُ, because it has no star [near] before it: الرامح is more red. (TA.) b4: رَامِحٌ also signifies (tropical:) A bull; so called because of his pair of horns: (A:) [i. e.] a wild bull; thought by ISd to be so called because of his horn: (TA:) or ثَوْرٌ رَامِحٌ signifies a [wild] bull having a pair of horns. (S, K.)

رشد

1 رَشَدَ, aor. ـُ and رَشِدَ, aor. ـَ (S, A, L, Msb, K;) the former of which is the better known and the more chaste; (TA;) inf. n. رُشْدٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) which is of the former, (S, L,) and رَشَدٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) which is of the latter, (S, L, Msb,) and رَشَادٌ, (L, K,) which is also of the latter verb, (TA,) or this last is a simple subst.; (Msb;) He took, or followed, a right way or course or direction; (S, A, L, Msb, K;) as to a road, and also as to an affair: (L:) [and often relating to religion; meaning he held a right belief; was orthodox:] and ↓ استرشد signifies the same: (L, K:) you say, استرشد لِأَمْرِهِ, meaning He took, or followed, a right way to conduct his affair: and رَشَدَ أَمْرَهُ, meaning He took, or followed, a right course in his affair; this latter being a phrase similar to أَلِمَ بَطْنَهُ and سَفِهَ رَأْيَهُ

&c. (L.) Some say that رَشْدٌ relates to the things of the present life and to those of the life to come; and رَشَدٌ, only to those of the life to come: but this distinction does not accord with what has been heard from the Arabs, nor with readings of the Kur-án, in which some read رُشْد and others رَشَد in several verses. (MF.) The former also signifies The continuing in the way of truth, or the right way, with self-constraining firmness in so doing. (K.) One says to the traveller, رَشِدْتَ [Mayest thou take, or follow, the right way]. (A.) b2: [See also رُشْدٌ below.]2 رشّدهُ, inf. n. تَرْشِيدٌ, said of a kádee, or judge, i. q. جَعَلَهُ رَشِيدًا [meaning He pronounced him to be one who took, or followed, a right way or course or direction: or to be one who held a right belief; to be orthodox]. (Msb.) b2: See also what next follows.4 ارشدهُ (S, A, L, Msb, K) and ↓ رشّدهُ, (L,) said of God, (S, L, K,) and of a governor, or commander, (L,) [or of any man,] He made him, or caused him, to take, or follow, a right way or course or direction; or he directed him aright, or to the right way or course or direction; (S, * A, * L, Msb, * K; *) إِلَى الشَّىْءِ and عَلَيْهِ and لَهُ [to the thing]: so says Az: (Msb:) [often relating to religion; meaning he made him, or caused him, to hold a right belief; to become orthodox.] See also the next paragraph.10 استرشد: see 1. b2: Also He sought, or desired, the taking, or following, a right way or course or direction. (So accord. to some copies of the K.) b3: And استرشدهُ He desired of him the taking, or following, a right way or course or direction: (L, and so accord. to some copies of the K, and the TA:) or he asked, demanded, or desired, of him, direction to the right way. (MA.) You say, ↓ اِسْتَرْشَدْتُهُ فَأَرْشَدَنِى [I asked, demanded, or desired, of him, direction to the right way, and he directed me to the right way] (A, Msb) إِلَى الشَّىْءِ and عَلَيْهِ and لَهُ [to the thing]: so says Az. (Msb.) رُشْدٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, L, Msb, K.) b2: [As a simple subst., Rectitude.] Also Maturity of in-tellect, and rectitude of actions, and good management of affairs. (TA in art. انس: see 4 in that art.) [Hence, بَلَغَ رُشْدَهُ He attained to years of discretion, when he was able of himself to take, or follow, a right way or course: a phrase of frequent occurrence.]

رَشْدَةٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

رِشْدَةٌ A mode, or manner, [and ↓ رَشْدَةٌ an act,] of رَشَاد [or right procedure; &c.]. (Ham p. 463.) [Hence,] هُوَ لِرِشْدَةٍ, (S, A, L, Msb,) and وُلِدَ لِرِشْدَةٍ, (L, K,) and ↓ لِرَشْدَةٍ, (L, Msb, K,) the latter accord. to Az and Fr, and said to be the more chaste, but the former allowable accord. to Ks, and preferred by Th in the Fs, (L, TA,) [and seems to be the more common,] (tropical:) He is, or was, trueborn; (A, Msb;) contr. of لِزِنْيَةٍ, (S, L, K,) or لِزَنْيَةٍ, (Fr, TA,) and لِغَيَّةٍ. (Az, Fr, TA.) and ↓ وُلِدَ لِغَيْرِ رَشْدَةٍ [or رِشْدَةٍ i. e. (tropical:) He was not trueborn]. (Fr, TA.) And هٰذَا وَلَدُ رِشْدَةٍ (tropical:) This is an offspring of valid marriage. (TA.) And اِدَّعَى

↓ وَلَدًا لِغَيْرِ رَشْدةٍ (tropical:) [He claimed, as his, a child not lawfully begotten, or not trueborn]. (TA, from a trad.) رَشَدَى: see رَشَادٌ.

رِشْدِينٌ: see رَاشِدٌ.

رَشَادٌ an inf. n. of 1, (L, K,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) [signifying Right procedure; or the adoption, or pursuit, of a right way or course or direction; as to a road, and also as to an affair: and often meaning right belief, or orthodoxy: in both these senses] contr. of غَىٌّ, (S, A, Msb,) and of ضَلَالٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ رَشَدَى is a subst. syn. with رَشَادٌ. (L, K. *) A2: حَبُّ الرَّشَادِ i. q. الحُرْفُ, (K,) in the dial. of El-'Irák; (TA;) they gave it this name as one of good omen, because حُرْفٌ is syn. with حِرْمَانٌ: (K:) [رَشَادٌ and حُرْفٌ are names given to several species of Gress; and حَبُّ الرَّشَادِ seems to mean the seed of رشاد: accord. to Golius, on the authority of Ibn-Beytár, رشاد is the name of the nasturtium: accord. to Delile, (Flor. AEgypt., nos. 576, 580, 571, 584, and 610,) it is the Arabic name of the lepidium sativum of Linn.; the lepidium hortense of Forsk.: and the cochlearia nilotica: رَشَادُ البَحْرِ, i. e., nasturtium maritimum, that of the cakile maritima of Tournef.; Desf., a pinnatifida; the bunias cakile of Linn.; the isatis pinnata of Forsk.: الرَّشَادُ الجَبَلِىُّ, that of the lunaria parviflora: and رَشَادُ البّرِّ, i. e., nasturtium deserti, that of the raphanus recurvatus of Persoon; the raphanus lyratus of Forsk.]

رَشِيدٌ: see رَاشِدٌ. b2: الرَّشِيدُ, of the measure فَعِيل in the sense of the measure مُفْعِل, (L,) as an epithet applied to God, means The Director to the right way: (L, K:) and He who appoints, or ordains, well that which He appoints, or ordains: (K:) or He whose regulations are conducted to the attainment of their ultimate objects in the right way, without any one's aiding in directing their course aright. (L.) رَاشدٌ and ↓ رَشِيدٌ Taking, or following, a right way or course or direction [as to a road, and also as to an affair: and often meaning holding a right belief; or orthodox]. (A, Msb.) One says to a traveller, رَاشِدًا مَهْدِيًّا [May God make thee to be a taker, or follower, of a right way; one directed aright]. (A.) And one says, ↓ يَا رِشْدِينُ, as meaning يَا رَاشِدُ [O thou who takest, or followest, a right way &c.]. (L) الخُلَفَآءُ الرَّاشِدُونَ [The Khaleefehs who took, or followed, a right course, or the orthodox Khaleefehs,] is an appellation specially applied to Aboo-Bekr, 'Omar, 'Othmán, and 'Alee; but applicable also to any others of the Imáms who pursued the same course as those four. (L.) b2: أُمُّ رَاشِدٍ a surname (S) applied to The female rat or mouse (الفَأُرَةُ). (S, K.) الطَّرِيقُ الأَرْشَدُ is like الأَقْصَدُ [i. e. The more, or most, direct road]. (S.) المَرَاشِدُ, a pl. without a sing., like مَحَاسِنُ and مَلَامِحُ, (L,) The right places to which roads tend; syn. مَقَاصِدُ الطُّرُقِ. (S, L, K.) You say, هُوَ يَهْدِى إِلَى المَرَاشِدِ [He directs to the right places to which roads tend]. (A.)

ركس

1 رَكَسَهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. رَكْسٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) He turned it over, or upside down; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَرْكَسَهُ: (S:) or the former, (TA,) or ↓ latter, (Msb,) he turned it over upon its head: (Msb, TA:) and the former, he reversed it; made the first part of it to be last; or turned it fore part behind. (Lth, A, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 90], بِمَا كَسَبُوا ↓ وَاللّٰهُ أَرْكَسَهُمْ Since God hath subverted them [for what they have done, or committed]; syn. تَكَّسَهُمْ: (IAar, K:) or hath made them return to their unbelief; (Fr, S, K;) and رَكَسَهُمْ signifies the same: (Fr, TA:) or hath separated, or dispersed, them, for what they have done of their disbelief, and acts of disobedience: (Jel:) رَكَسْتُ الشَّىْءَ and ↓ أَرْكَسْتُهُ both signify I separated the thing; or set it apart. (TA.) Yousay also, اللّٰهُ عَدُوَّكَ ↓ أَرْكَسَ May God overturn thine enemy upon his head: or change, or reverse, the state, or condition, of thine enemy. (A.) And فِى الشَّرِّ ↓ أَرْكَسَهُ He turned him back, or caused him to return, to evil. (A.) And ↓ أَرْكِسِ الثَّوْبَ فِى الصِّبْغِ Return thou the garment, or piece of cloth, to the dyeing-liquor. (A.) 4 أَرْكَسَ see 1, throughout.8 ارتكس He, or it, became turned over, upside down, or upon his, or its, head; became inverted, subverted, or reversed; became turned fore part behind: (K, TA:) he returned, reverted, or went back, from one thing or state to another: (TA:) he fell. (K.) You say, ارتكس فُلَانٌ فِى أَمْرٍ كَانَ قَدْ نَجَا مِنْهُ (S, A, TA) Such a one fell [again] into a case from which he had escaped. (TA.) رِكْسٌ i. q. رِجْسٌ [Uncleanness, dirt, or filth; or an unclean, a dirty, or a filthy, thing]: (S, A, Msb, K:) and anything that is disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness; (Msb;) as also ↓ رَكِيسٌ: (TA:) the former is similar in meaning to رَجِيعٌ [dung of a man, or of a horse and the like, or of a wild beast]; (A 'Obeyd, TA;) and ↓ رَكِيسٌ [also] is syn. with رَجِيعٌ. (TA.) رَكِيسٌ: see مَرْكُوسٌ, throughout: A2: see also رِكْسٌ, in two places.

مَرْكُوسٌ A thing turned over, or upside down; turned over upon its head; turned fore part behind; as also ↓ رَكِيسٌ. (TA.) b2: Turned, or sent, back, or away; as also ↓ the latter epithet. (TA.) b3: One who goes back, or reverts, from his state or condition; like مَنْكُوسٌ: (IAar, TA:) and ↓ the latter epithet (ركيس), a weak person, who returns, or reverts, from one thing or state to another; syn. ضَعِيفٌ مُرْتَكِسٌ. (TA.)

ربص

1 رَبَصَ بِفُلَانٍ, or بِالشَّىْءِ: see 5.

A2: رَبَصَنِى (K) A thing, or an affair, or an event, put me in expectation. (TA.) 5 تربّص He expected; or awaited: (S:) he tarried; or tarried expecting. (IAth.) You say تربّص الأَمْرَ He looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, the thing, or event. (Msb.) and تربّص بِهِ الشَّىْءَ, (M,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) He looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, the thing, or event, to befall him, or betide him. (M, Msb.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 52], هَلْ تَرَبَّصُونَ بِنَا إِلَّا

إِحْدَى الْحُسْنَيَيْنِ [Do ye look for, &c., aught save one of the two best things (namely victory or martyrdom) to betide us?]. (M.) And a poet says, تَرَبَّصْ بِهَا رَيْبَ المَنُونِ لَعَلَّهَا تُطَلَّقُ يَوْمًا أَوْ يَمُوتُ حَلِيلُهَا [Wait thou for the vicissitudes of fortune to befall her: perhaps she may be divorced some day, or her husband may die]. (TA.) You say also, تربّص بِسِلْعَتِهِ الغَلَآءَ [He looked for, &c., a time of dearness for his commodity, or article of merchandise]. (A.) And, [elliptically,) تربّص بِفُلَانٍ, (K,) or بِالشَّىْءِ; (M;) and بِهِ ↓ رَبَصَ, (M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. رَبْصٌ; (M, A, K;) He looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, [something] good or evil to befall, or betide, (M, A, K,) such a one, (A, K,) or the thing: (M:) or تربًّ بِالشَّىْءَ signifies he looked for, expected, awaited, or waited for, a day for the thing. (Lth.) رُبْصَةٌ An expecting; an awaiting; a waiting: (AHát, S, A, Msb, K:) a tarrying; or tarrying in expectation. (M.) You say, لِى فِى مَتَاعِى رُبْصَةٌ [I have to endure an expecting, &c., with respect to my goods, or commodities; app. meaning, I have to wait for a favourable opportunity to sell them]. (S, A.) And لِى بِالبَصْرَةِ رُبْصَةٌ [I have to endure an expecting, or a waiting, in ElBasrah]. (AHát, A.) And لِى عَلَى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ رُبْصَةٌ [I have to endure a tarrying, or a tarrying in expectation, for, or on account of, this thing, or affair]. (M.) b2: Also The period that is assigned to a husband when he has been pronounced incapable of sexual intercourse with his wife; so that if he go in to her [it is well with him, and he remains her husband]; but if not, a separation is made between them: so in the saying, أَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ رُبْصَتَهَا فِى بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا [The woman abode during the period so assigned to her husband in the house, or tent, of her husband]. (ISk, K.) [In like manner رُبْضَةٌ (perhaps a mistranscription) is explained in the A and TA in art. ربض: and the period is there said to be a year.]

مَرْبُوصٌ, applied to a man, (K,) Put in expectation. (TK.) مُتَرَبِّصُ One who withholds, or collects and withholds, wheat or the like, waiting for a time of dearness; syn. مُحْتَكرٌ. (S.)

روض

1 رَاضَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. رِيَاضَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and رِيَاضٌ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is used poetically for the former, and رَوْضٌ, (M,) He broke, or trained, (M, K, Msb,) a colt, (S, K,) or beast, (M, A, Msb,) and made it easy to ride upon: (M:) or he taught it to go: (TA:) and ↓ روّض, inf. n. تَرْوِيضٌ, he did so well, or vigorously. (S, TA.) b2: Hence, رَاضَ صَاحِبَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He made his companion easy and tractable]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] رَاضَ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He trained, disciplined, or subdued, himself: or] he became clement, or forbearing. (Msb.) And نَفْسَكَ بِالتَّقْوَى ↓ رَوِّضْ (tropical:) [Train, discipline, or subdue, thyself well by piety]. (A, TA.) b4: [Hence also,] رَاضَ الشَّاعِرُ القَوَافِىَ (tropical:) [The poet rendered rhymes, or verses, easy to him by practice]. (A, TA.) And لَهُ أَمْرًا ↓ روّض (assumed tropical:) He made an affair easy to him; syn. سَوَّسَهُ, q. v. (TA in art. سوس.) b5: [Hence also,] رُضْتُ الدُّرَّ, inf. n. رِيَاضَةٌ, (tropical:) I bored the pearls: and هُوَ صَعْبُ الرِّيَاضَةِ, and سَهْلُ الرياضة, (tropical:) It is difficult to bore, and easy to bore. (A, TA.) 2 رَوَّضَ see 1, in three places.

A2: روّض, (K,) inf. n. تَرْوِيضٌ, (TA,) He kept to the رِيَاض [pl. of رَوْضَة, q. v.]. (K.) A3: روّض القَرَاحَ, (S, K,) or الأَرْضَ, (M, A,) He, or it, (a man, S, or a torrent, M, or the rain, A,) made the clear or bare land, (S, K,) or the land, (M, A,) a رَوْضَة. (S, M, K.) And اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ ↓ اراض God made the land رِيَاض. (M.) 3 راوضهُ, (S, A, K,) عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا, (S,) or عَلَى كَذَا, (A,) inf. n. مُرَاوَضَةٌ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He coaxed, wheedled, beguiled, or deluded, him; (S, A, Mgh, K;) and he endeavoured to deceive or beguile him; like as he does who is training a beast not yet rendered perfectly tractable; (Mgh;) in order to make him enter into such a thing or affair; (S;) or until he entered into such a thing. (A.) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) بَيْعُ المُرَاوَضَةِ (tropical:) That mode of selling which is termed بَيْعُ المُوَاصَفَةِ; (Mgh, K; *) which is when one describes to a man an article of merchandise not present with him: (Sh, K:) this is said in a trad. to be an action that is disapproved: (K:) but some of the professors of practical law allow it when the article of merchandise agrees with the description. (L.) 4 اراض (Yaakoob, S, A) and أَرْوَضَ (Yaakoob, S) It (a place) became abundant in its رِيَاض [pl. of رَوْضَةٌ, q. v.]; (Yaakoob, S, A;) as also ↓ استراض. (A.) And أَرْوَضَتِ الأَرْضُ and أَرَاضَت The land became clad with plants, or herbage (M.) b2: [And hence,] اراض (tropical:) It (a valley) had water stagnating, or remaining, or collecting, in it; (S, A, Msb, K;) concealing its bottom; (A;) as also ↓ استراض: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) and so the former verb, (S,) or ↓ both, (A,) said of a watering-trough: (S, A:) or, when said of a watering-trough, the former verb signifies (assumed tropical:) it had its bottom, or lower part, covered with water: (M:) and ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) the water spread widely upon the surface thereof; (M;) and so the former too: (TA:) or ↓ the latter, (tropical:) it had a sufficient quantity of water poured into it to conceal its bottom; (O, K;) or to cover its bottom, or lower part. (L, TA.) b3: And from اراض, said of a watering-trough, has originated the saying, (S,) شَرِبُوا حَتَّى أَرَاضُوا (assumed tropical:) (assumed tropical:) They drank until they thoroughly satisfied their thirst. (S, K. *) and اراض also signifies (assumed tropical:) He drank a second draught after a first. (K.) A2: اراض اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ: see 2. b2: [Hence,] اراض الحَوْضَ (assumed tropical:) He poured into the watering-trough a sufficient quantity of water to conceal its bottom. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) أَرَاضَهُمْ, said of a vessel, (tropical:) It satisfied their thirst: (S, * K:) or it satisfied their thirst in some degree. (M, TA.) Hence the saying, فَدَعَا بِإِنَآءٍ يُرِيضُ الرَّهْطَ (tropical:) And he called for a vessel which would satisfy (K, TA) in some degree (TA) the [number of men termed a] رَهْط; (K, TA;) occurring in a trad., (TA,) accord. to one relation, but the more common is يُرْبِضُ, (K, TA,) with the singlepointed ب. (TA.) b4: اراض also signifies (assumed tropical:) He poured milk upon milk; (K;) accord. to A 'Obeyd; but he deems it strange. (TA.) 6 التَّرَاوُضُ in selling and buying is syn. with التَّحَاذِى; i. e. (tropical:) The increasing [of the sum offered] and diminishing [of the sum demanded] which take place between the two parties bargaining; as though each of them were making his companion easy and tractable; from الرِّيَاضَةُ as inf. n. of رَاضَ in the first of the senses expl. above. (TA.) In the phrase تَرَاوَضَا السِّلْعَةَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) They coaxed, wheedled, beguiled, or deluded, each other, with respect to the article of merchandise, [in the manner explained above, or otherwise,] the omission of the prep. [فِى] requires consideration. (Mgh.) You say also, تَرَاوَضَا فِى الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) They practised dissimulation, or showed feigned affection, each to the other, in, or respecting, the thing, or affair; as also تَنَاظَرَا: (TK in art. نظر:) التَّرَاوُضُ فِى الأَمْرِ is syn. with التَّنَاظُرُ. (M and K in art. نظر.) 8 ارتاض, said of a colt, (K,) and ارتاضت, (S, A,) said of a she-camel, (S,) or of a beast (دَابَّة), (A,) It became broken, or trained. (S, A, * K, TA.) b2: [And hence,] ارتاضت القَوَافِى لِلشَّاعِرِ (tropical:) [The rhymes, or verses, became rendered easy by practice to the poet]. (A, TA.) 10 استراض: see 4, in five places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (water) stagnated, or remained, or collected, in a place. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) It (a place, S, M, K) was, or became, wide, ample, or spacious. (S, M, Msb, K.) b4: And [hence (see its part. n. below)] استراضت النَّفْسُ (tropical:) The mind was, or became, dilated, free from straitness, cheerful, or happy. (K, TA.) رَوْضٌ: see the paragraph next following, near the middle, in three places; and again, in the last sentence of the same.

رَوْضَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ رِيضَةٌ (AA, A, K) and ↓ رِيِّضَةٌ (TA) [seem to be best rendered, in general, A meadow; meaning, a verdant tract of land, somewhat watery; or (as in Johnson's dictionary) ground somewhat watery, not ploughed, but covered with grass and flowers: and sometimes, a garden: accord. to the following explanations:] verdant land: a place where water collects, and the herbage becomes abundant, without trees: or fresh green herbage, with water, or having water by its side; not otherwise: or, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee, a tract of plain land, producing [lote-trees of the kind called]

سِدْر; which may be of the extent of Baghdád: and also, of herbs, or leguminous plants, and fresh green herbage: (M:) or this last [only]: (S:) or a tract of plain land, in which are جَرَاثِيم [perhaps here meaning ants' nests, as these are generally found in soft soil,] and soft hillocks, in the low, or best and most productive, parts of a country, where water stagnates, or remains, or collects, at least a hundred cubits in extent: (M:) or a tract of sand, and of fresh green herbage, where water stagnates, or remains, or collects; so called because of the stagnation, or remaining, or collecting, of the water therein: (A, K, TA:) it is said that رَوْضَةٌ is mostly applied to a place where beasts pasture at pleasure: some say that it signifies a land having waters and trees, and sweet, or pleasant, flowers: (TA:) or a place that is pleasant with flowers; said to be so called because the waters that flow thither rest there: (Msb:) it is said in the 'Ináyeh, that ↓ رَوْضٌ [perhaps a mistake for رَوْضَةٌ] signifies a garden; and in common conventional language, one having rivers, or rivulets: MF says that rivers, or rivulets, do not necessarily belong to the signification; but that having water does; though not in common conventional language: (TA:) accord. to Th, رَوْضَةٌ signifies a beautiful garden: (M:) the pl. of رَوْضَةٌ is ↓ رَوْضٌ, (S, M, K,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and رِيَاضٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) originally رِوَاضٌ, (S,) and رِيضَانٌ, (Lth, M, K,) originally رِوْضَانٌ, (TA,) or rather رِيضَانٌ is pl. of ↓ رَوْضٌ, (M,) and رَوْضَاتٌ, (M, Msb,) in the dial. of Hudheyl رَوَضَاتٌ: (Msb:) Az says that the رياض of the hard and stony and rugged tracts in the desert are low level places, in which the rainwater stagnates, or remains, or collects, and which consequently produce various kinds of herbage, that do not quickly dry up and wither: that sometimes a رَوْضَة contains thickets of wild سِدْر: and sometimes it is a mile in length and breadth: but such as are very wide are termed قِيعَان. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَحْسَنُ مِنْ بَيْضَةٍ فِى رَوْضَةٍ [More beautiful than an egg in a meadow, or garden]. (A, TA.) And one says, أَنَا عِنْدَكَ فِى رَوْضَةٍ (tropical:) [I, in thy presence, am as though I were in a meadow, or garden]: and مَجْلِسُكَ رَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ الجَنَّةِ (tropical:) [Thy sittingplace is like a meadow, or garden, of the meadows, or gardens, of Paradise]. (A, TA.) Mohammad is related to have said, “Between my grave, or between my house, and my pulpit is a رَوْضَة of the رِيَاض of Paradise:” meaning, accord. to Th, that he who abides in this place is as though he abode in a روضة of the رياض of Paradise. (M.) [See another tropical meaning of رِيَاضُ الجَنَّةِ voce رَتَعَ, last sentence.] b2: رَوْضَةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Any water that collects in pools left by torrents, or the like, and in places in land or in the ground to which the rain-water flows and which retain it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, الاَخّاذات and المُسّاكات are erroneously put for الإِخَاذَات and المَسَّاكَات.]) b3: Also, (K,) or ↓ رَوْضٌ, (S, M,) (assumed tropical:) About the half of a فِرْبَة [or water-skin] (S, M, K) of water: (S:) and the former, (tropical:) as much of water as covers the bottom of a watering-trough. (S, M, A.) رِيضَةٌ: see رَوْضَةٌ. [It is implied in the K that the former is syn. with the latter in all its senses: but accord. to the TA, this is not the case.]

رَائِضٌ A breaker, or trainer, (M, Msb, K,) of colts, (K,) or of beasts (دَوَابّ): (M, Msb:) pl. رَاضَةٌ and رُوَّاضٌ (S M, K) and رُوَّضٌ. (M.) رَيِّضٌ, originally رَيْوِضٌ, (S,) [in its primary sense seems to be syn. with ↓ مَرُوضٌ. b2: and hence it signifies] (assumed tropical:) Clement, or forbearing. (Msb.) b3: [Also, and more commonly,] applied to a she-camel, (S, K,) and to a he-camel, (S,) In the first stage of training, as yet refractory: (S, K:) and in like manner applied to a boy: (S:) or a colt, (A,) or beast, (L,) that has not received training, nor become skilled in going, or pace, (A, L,) nor become submissive to its rider: (L:) and a she-camel not trained: (A:) or, applied to a horse or the like, and to a camel, to a male and to a female, refractory; contr. of ذَلُولٌ; app. designed as an epithet of good omen, because the beast is so called only before being skilfully trained. (M.) b4: [Hence,] قَصِيدَةٌ رَيِّضَةُ القَوَافِى (tropical:) An ode of difficult rhymes; such rhymes as the poets have not extemporaneously composed: (TA:) or قَصِيدَةٌ رَيِّضَةٌ means (tropical:) an ode not well, or not skilfully, composed. (A.) And أَمْرٌ رَيِّضٌ (tropical:) An affair not well, not skilfully, or not soundly, managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated. (A, TA.) رَيِّضَةٌ as a subst.: see رَوْضَةٌ مَرَاضٌ Hard ground in the lower, or lowest, part of a plain, or of soft ground, which retains water: pl. مَرَائِضُ and مَرَاضَاتٌ. (Az, K.) مَرُوضٌ, (S, K,) and its fem., with ة, (S, Msb,) A colt, (S, K,) and she-camel, (S,) or beast (دَابَّة), (Msb,) broken, or trained. (S * Msb, K.) See also رَيِّضٌ.

أَرْضٌ مُسْتَرْوِضَةٌ Land which has produced good herbage or plants, and of which the herbs, or leguminous plants, have become erect, or strong and erect: and نَبَاتٌ مُسْتَرْوِضٌ plants which have attained their utmost size and height. (M.) b2: اِفْعَلْ ذَاكَ مَا دَامَتِ النَّفْسُ مُسْتَرِيضَةً (tropical:) Do thou that while the mind is free from straitness, cheerful, or happy, (S, M, * Msb, TA, [in the second of which, however, النفس is strangely made masc.,]) is from استراض said of a place, as explained above. (S.) b3: مُسْتَرِيضٌ is also applied, by a poet, (S, M,) El-Aghlab El-'Ijlee, (S,) or Homeyd ElArkat, (AHn, M, IB,) to poetry, and to the metre termed رَجَز; (S, M;) as meaning (assumed tropical:) Easy; practicable. (M, TA.)

رقط

2 رَقَّطْتُ عَلَى ثَوْبِى (tropical:) I made specks, or small spots, [with ink or the like, (see 5,)] upon my garment; syn. نَقَّطْتُ. (A, TA.) 5 ترقّط ثَوْبُهُ (tropical:) His garment became sprinkled with specks, or small spots, of ink or the like. (K, TA.) 9 ارقطّ, (S, K,) inf. n. اِرْقِطَاطٌ, (S,) He, or it, was, or became, of a black colour speckled with white: or the reverse: (K:) [or speckled with white, and black, and red, and yellow: (see رُقْطَةٌ:)] as also ↓ ارقاطّ, (K,) inf. n. اِرْقِيطَاطٌ: (TA:) or the former, he (a sheep, or goat,) was, or became, such as is termed أَبْغَث. (S.) b2: It (the stalk, or twig, of the عَرْفَج) put forth its leaves, and what resembled nails (أَظَافِير) were seen in the place of separation (مُتَفَرَّق) of its stalks, or twigs, and internodal portions; as also ↓ the latter verb: (K, * TA:) this is said to be after what is termed تَثْقِيبٌ and قَمَلٌ, and before what is termed إِدْبَآءٌ and إِخْوَاصٌ: (TA:) or ↓ the latter verb, said of the عرفج, signifies it put forth its leaves; and this it does before its إِدْبَآء: (S:) [see عَرْفَجٌ:] in a trad. occurs the expression ارقاطّ عَوْسَجُهَا; but El-Kutabee thinks that it should be عَرْفَجُهَا. (TA.) 11 إِرْقَاْطَّ see 9, in three places.

رَقْطٌ A dotting, or speckling: pl. أَرْقَاطٌ. (O.) رُقْطَةٌ Blackness mixed with speckles of white: (S, K:) or the reverse: (M, K:) or speckles of white, and of black, and of red, and of yellow, in an animal: (A, TA:) and the state, or quality, denoted by the epithet أَرْقَطُ. (TA.) أَرْقَطُ Black speckled with white: or the reverse: fem. رَقْطَآءُ. (K.) Applied to a sheep or goat, Like, (S,) or syn. with, (K,) أَبْغَثُ: (S, K:) or speckled with black and white. (Har p. 303.) And the fem., applied to a domestic fowl or hen (دَجَاجَة), Black speckled with white: (S:) or party-coloured: (K:) or having patches of white and black: much sought after, and used, by enchanters; and rarely found. (TA.) b2: It is also applied to a man. (TA.) b3: And the fem. is applied to a tract (رِسَالَةٌ), and to an ode (قَصِيدَةٌ), as meaning Having one of the letters of a word thereof dotted, and another not dotted: from the same epithet applied to a sheep or goat. (Har p. 303.) b4: السِّلْسِلَةُ الرَّقْطَآءُ A certain reptile; the most malignant of the [kind of lizards called]

عِظَآء: when it crawls upon food, it poisons it. (TA.) b5: ثَرِيدَةٌ رَقْطَآءُ (tropical:) [A mess of crumbled or broken bread] having much oil (Sgh, K *) or clarified butter. (TA.) b6: الأَرْقَطُ The leopard: (K:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) b7: الرَّقْطَآءُ (tropical:) Civil war; conflict and faction; sedition; or the like; syn. الفِتْنَةُ: (K:) because of its variableness: or such as is not universal; likened to a speckled serpent: occurring in a trad. (TA.)