ثَبِيرٌ:
بالفتح ثم الكسر، وياء ساكنة، وراء قال الجمحي وليس بابن سلّام: الأثبرة أربعة: ثبير
غينى، الغين معجمة مقصورة، وثبير الأعرج، وثبير آخر ذهب عني اسمه، وثبير منى، وقال الأصمعي: ثبير الأعرج هو المشرف بمكة على حق الطارقيّين، قال: وثبير غينى وثبير الأعرج وهما حراء وثبير وحكى أبو القاسم محمود بن عمر الثبيران، بالتثنية، جبلان مفترقان يصبّ بينهما أفاعية، وهو واد يصبّ من منى، يقال لأحدهما ثبير غينى وللآخر ثبير الأعرج وقال نصر: ثبير من أعظم جبال مكة، بينها وبين عرفة، سمّي ثبيرا برجل من هذيل مات في ذلك الجبل فعرف الجبل به، واسم الرجل ثبير وروى أنس بن مالك، رضي الله عنه، عن النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: لما تجلّى الله تعالى للجبل يوم موسى، عليه السلام، تشظّى فصارت منه ثلاثة أجبل فوقعت بمكة، وثلاثة أجبل وقعت بالمدينة، فالتي بمكة حراء وثبير وثور، والتي بالمدينة أحد وورقان ورضوى وفي الحديث:
كان المشركون إذا أرادوا الإفاضة قالوا: أشرق ثبير كيما نغير، وذاك أن الناس في الجاهلية كانوا إذا قضوا نسكهم لا يجيزهم إلّا قوم مخصوصون، وكانت أوّلا لخزاعة ثم أخذتها منهم عدوان فصارت إلى رجل منهم يقال له أبو سيّارة أحد بني سعد بن وابش بن زيد بن عدوان، وفيه يقول الراجز:
خلّوا السبيل عن أبي سيّاره، ... وعن مواليه بني فزاره،
حتى يجيز سالما حماره، ... مستقبل الكعبة يدعو جاره
ثم صارت الإجازة لبني صوفة، وهو لقب الغوث ابن مرّ بن أدّ أخي تميم قال الشاعر:
ولا يريمون في التعريف موقفهم، ... حتى يقال: أجيزوا آل صفوانا
وكانت صورة الإجازة أن أبا سيّارة كان يتقدم الحاج على حمار له ثم يخطب الناس فيقول: اللهمّ أصلح بين نسائنا، وعاد بين رعائنا، واجعل المال بين سمحائنا، أوفوا بعهدكم، وأكرموا جاركم، وأقروا ضيفكم، ثم يقول: أشرق ثبير كيما نغير، أي نسرع إلى النّحر وأغار أي شدّ العدوّ وأسرع قلت: أما قولهم أشرق ثبير وثبير جبل، والجبل لا يشرق نفسه ولكني أرى أن الشمس كانت تشرق من ناحيته، فكأن ثبيرا لما حال بين الشمس والشرق خاطبه بما تخاطب به الشمس، ومثله جعلهم الفعل للزمان على السعة، وإن كان الزمان لا يفعل شيئا، قولهم: نهارك صائم وليلك قائم، فينسبون الصوم والقيام إلى النهار والليل لأنهما يقعان فيهما، ومنه قوله عز وجل: جَعَلَ 10: 67 ... النَّهارَ مُبْصِراً 10: 67 أي تبصرون فيه، ثم جعل الفعل له حتى كأنه الذي يبصر دون المخاطب، ونحو ذلك كثير في كلامهم، وهذا الشيء عقلي، فقلته ولم أنقله عن أحد، وأما اشتقاقه فإن العرب تقول: ثبره عن ذلك يثبره، بالضم، ثبرا إذا احتبسه، يقال: ما ثبرك عن حاجتك؟
قال ابن حبيب: ومنه سمّى ثبير لأنه يواري حراء قلت أنا: يجوز أن يسمّى ثبيرا لخبسه الشمس عن الشروق في أول طلوعها وبمكة أيضا أثبرة غير ما ذكرنا، منها: ثبير الزنج كانوا يلعبون عنده، وثبير الخضراء، وثبير النّصع، وهو جبل المزدلفة، وثبير الأحدب، كل هذه بمكة وقال أبو عبد الله محمد بن إسحاق الفاكهي في كتاب مكة من تصنيفه:
كان ابن الرّهين العبدري المكي صاحب نوادر، ويحكى عنه حكايات، فمن ذلك أنه كان يوافي كل يوم أصل ثبير فينظر إليه وإلى قلّته إذا تبرّز وفرغ ثم يقول: قاتلك الله فماذا فني من قومي من رجال
ونساء وأنت قائم على دينك فو الله ليأتينّ عليك يوم ينسفك الله فيه عن وجه الأرض فيذرك قاعا صفصفا لا يرى فيك عوج ولا أمت قال: وإنما سمّي ابن الرهين لأن قريشا رهنت جدّه النضر فسمي النضر الرهين قال العرجي:
وما أنس م الأشياء، لا أنس موقفا ... لنا ولها بالسّفح دون ثبير
ولا قولها وهنا وقد سمحت لنا ... سوابق دمع، لا تجفّ، غزير:
أأنت الذي خبّرت أنك باكر ... غداة غد، أو رائح بهجير
فقلت: يسير بعض يوم بغيبة، ... وما بعض يوم غيبة بيسير
وثبير أيضا: موضع في ديار مزينة، وفي حديث شريس بن ضمرة المزني لما حمل صدقته إلى النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، ويقال هو أول من حمل صدقته، قال له: ما اسمك؟ فقال: شريس، فقال له: بل أنت شريح، وقال: يا رسول الله اقطعني ماء يقال له ثبير، فقال: قد أقطعتكه.

طف

1 طَفَّ, (As, O, K,) [aor., app., طَفِّ,] inf. n. طَفٌّ, (TK, [or, accord. to Freytag طُفُوفٌ, which see in what follows,]) It (a thing) was, or became, near. (As, O, K.) You say, أَخَذْتُ مِنْ مَتَاعِى مَا خَفَّ وَطَفَّ i. e. [I took, of my goods,] what [was light, and] was near to me. (As, O.) And طَفَّ الشَّىْءُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ The thing was, or became, near to the thing. (O, K. *) And خُذْ مَا طَفَّ لَكَ, and لَكَ ↓ اسْتَطَفَّ, (S, Meyd, O, K,) and لَكَ ↓ أَطَفَّ, (Meyd, O, TA,) Take thou what has risen to thee, and become within thy power or reach, (S, O, K, TA,) and become attainable [to thee], or prepared [for thee], (Az, Meyd, TA,) and become near to thee: (K, TA:) or what has risen to view, and has appeared, [to thee,] to be taken: (TA:) [for] طَفَّ, inf. n. طُفُوفٌ, signifies it rose [app. so as to become visible]: and it was, or became, little in quantity: the saying is a prov., relating to a man's being content with a part of that which he wants: (Meyd:) and in like manner one says, خُذْ مَا دَفَّ لَكَ, and اسْتَدَفَّ: (Az, Meyd, TA:) and Ks mentions, in relation to a man's being content with a part of that which he wants, the saying, خُذْ مَا طَفَّ لَكَ وَدَعْ لَكَ ↓ مَا اسْتَطَفَّ [app. meaning, if the saying be correctly thus related, Take what is within thy power, or reach, and leave what has risen to thy view so as to invite approach]; i. e. be content with what is within thy power. (TA.) b2: طَفَّتِ الشَّمْسُ: b3: and طَفَّ said of a bird: see 2. b4: مَرَّيَطفُّ [app. يَطِفٌّ] He passed by hastening, or going quickly. (O.) A2: طَفَّ النَّاقَةَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (O, TA,) inf. n. طَفٌّ, (TA,) He (a man, O) bound the legs of the she-camel, (O, K,) all of them. (O.) b2: طَفَّهُ He (a man, O) raised it (i. e. a thing, O) with his leg or foot, or with his arm or hand. (O, K.) And طَفَّ بِفُلَانٍ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا He raised such a one to such a place; and made him to be on a level with it. (TA.) b3: and طَفَّ الحَائِطَ, inf. n. طَفٌّ, He mounted upon the wall. (TA.) 2 طفّف He made defective, or deficient. (TA.) You say, طفّف, (K,) or طفّف المِكْيَالَ, and المِيزَانَ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَطْفِيفٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He gave short measure, and short weight; (Msb;) he made the contents of the measure to be defective, (S, O, Msb, K,) and in like manner, of the balance; (Msb;) not filling the former to its uppermost parts: (S, TA:) i. e. he did thus, cheating his companion in measure or in weight. (TA.) [Hence,] طفّف عَلَى عِيَالِهِ (tropical:) He scanted his household, stinted them, or was niggardly or parsimonious towards them, in expenditure. (TA.) And طفّف عَلَى الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) He gave to the man less than he had taken from him. (TA.) and طفّف الإِنَآءَ He took what was upon [or above] the vessel [i. e. its طُفَاف, or طُفَافَة]. (TA. [See also 4, last sentence.]) b2: Also He made full, or complete. (TA.) [Thus it has two contr. significations.]

A2: طفّفت الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun drew near to setting: (TA:) [but this may be a mistranscription for ↓ طَفَّت, mentioned by Golius in this sense on the authority of Z: or each may be correct: that the latter is correct, and that ↓ طَفَافٌ or ↓ طِفَافٌ is its inf. n., seems to be indicated by the fact that SM adds immediately after the explanation of the former phrase,] أَتَانَا عِنْدَ طفافِ الشَّمْسِ means (tropical:) [He came to us] at the sun's drawing near to setting. (TA.) b2: طفّف, said of a bird, [or ↓ طَفَّ, mentioned by Freytag from Hamaker's Specim. catal. p. 49, 1. 4, of the Arabic text, or both may be correct,] The bird expanded his wings: (O, K:) so says Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) b3: And طفّف بِهِ الفَرَسُ (tropical:) The horse leaped with him. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. [Golius has omitted this; and has assigned to طفّف, followed by ب with the person who is the object, as on the authority of the S and K, the signification of ادنا (properly أَدْنَى), meaning “ prope admovit,” a signification belonging to أَطَفَّ, but not assigned to either of these verbs in the S nor in the K.]) طَفَّفَ بِىَ الفَرَسُ مَسْجِدَ بَنِى

زُرَيْقٍ, in a saying of Ibn-'Omar respecting a horse-race, means (tropical:) The horse leaped with me (S, O, TA) so that he passed beyond the mosque of the Sons of Zureyk. (O, TA.) 4 خُذْ مَاأَطَفَّ لَكَ: see 1. b2: And اطفّ لَهُ He had knowledge of it, i. e. an affair; (Lth, O, K;) and of him, i. e. a person. (O.) b3: and He desired to deceive him: (O, K:) or he had knowledge of him, and desired to deceive him. (O.) b4: And اطفّ عَلَيْهِ i. q. أَشْرَــفَ (O, K) i. e. أَشْرَــفَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He looked upon it, looked upon it from above, looked down upon it, got a view of it, saw it, or got knowledge of it]; namely, a thing; as also أَطَلَّ عَلَيْهِ. (O.) b5: And, (Az, O, K, TA,) as also أَطَلَّ عَلَيْهِ, (Az, TA,) He got possession of it, (Az, O, K, TA,) and took it away, or went away with it; (Az, O, TA;) namely, the property of another person. (Az, TA.) b6: اطفّ عَلَيْهِ بِحَجَرٍ He reached, or hit, him, or it, (تَنَاوَلَهُ,) with a stone. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b7: اطفّت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel cast, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or brought forth, (K,) her young one in an imperfect state. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) A2: اطفّه He put it, or brought it, near: 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd says, [using the verb in this sense,] أَطَفَّ لِأَنْفِهِ المُوسَى قَصِيرٌ [Kaseer put the razor near to his nose]: (Ham p. 436:) or this means Kaseer put the razor near to his nose and cut it off. (TA.) b2: And i. q. مَكَّنَهُ. (TA.) [You say, مَكَّنَهُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, and app., in like manner, اطفّهُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, i. e. He made him to have power over the thing; or to have the thing within his power or reach; and so, perhaps, اطفّهُ لِلشَّىْءَ.] b3: And اطفّ لَهُ السَّيْفَ He held forth the sword towards him, and struck him with it. (TA.) b4: And اطفّ الكَيْلَ He made the contents of the measure to reach to its uppermost parts: (S, K:) or, as some say, he took what was upon [or above] the measure. (TA. [See also طَفَّفَ الإِنَآءَ.]) 10 استطفّ, said of a camel's hump, It rose, or became high. (TA.) b2: And استطفّت حَاجَتُهُ The thing that he wanted became prepared, and easy of attainment. (TA.) See also 1, in two places. R. Q. 1 طَفْطَفَ He (a man, TA) became lax [or weak] (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) in the hands of his adversary (Ibn-'Abbád, O) or in the hand of his adversary. (K.) طَفٌّ The side (O, K) of a thing: (O:) [like دَفٌّ:] and the bank, or shore, (O, K,) of a great river or a sea; (O;) as also ↓ طَفْطَافٌ: (O, K:) accord. to Lth, of the Euphrates: (O:) or, as some say, the elevated part of the side of the Euphrates. (TA.) And الطَّفُّ is applied to The part of the land of the Arabs that overlooks the cultivated region of El-'Irák: (IDrd, O, K:) said by As to be so called because it is near to the cultivated region: (O:) or it is a place in the district of El-Koofeh. (S, O, K. *) b2: and The exterior court or yard of a house. (TA.) b3: See also طَفَاف, in two places.

A2: And see طَفَّافٌ.

طَفَفٌ: see طَفَاف.

طَفَفَةٌ: see طُفَافَةٌ.

طَفَافُ المَكُّوكِ (S, O, Msb, * K) and الإِنَآءِ, (K,) and ↓ طِفَافُهُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طَفُّهُ, and ↓ طَفَفَهُ, (S, Mgh, * O, K,) The quantity sufficing for the filling (S, O, Msb, K) of the [measure called] مكّوك (S, O, K) and of the vessel (K) to its uppermost parts: (S, O, Msb, K:) or what remains in it after the wiping off of the head thereof: (M, K: [the measure being generally in the form of a truncated cone, much smaller at the top than at the base, the quantity rising above the top is not much:]) or the جِمَام or جَمَام or جُمَام (accord. to different copies of the K [generally meaning the quantity that rises above the top after the filling]) thereof: or the quantity sufficing for the filling thereof: (K:) or the quantity nearly sufficing for the filling thereof: (TA: [and the like explanation is given of the third word in the S &c., as will be shown by what follows:]) or the quantity that falls short of the filling thereof. (Mgh. [See also طُفَافَةٌ.]) It is said in a trad. (S, Mgh, O) of the Prophet, (Mgh, O,) كُلُّكُمْ بَنُو آدَمَ الصَّاعِ ↓ طَفَّ, (S, O,) or طَفُّ الصَّاعِ, (so in my copy of the Mgh,) All of you, sons of Adam, are like the quantity nearly sufficing for the filling of the صاع; (S, * Mgh, O;) i. e. ye are all nearly alike; so says Az: (Mgh:) meaning, all of you, in being related to one father, are in one predicament in respect of defectiveness, like the thing measured that falls short of filling the measure: (IAth, Mgh, O:) the Prophet then proceeded to inform them that there is no excellence of one above another except by piety. (O.) A2: طَفَافٌ signifies also The blackness of night; (O, K;) and so ↓ طِفَافٌ. (K.) b2: See also 2.

طُفَافٌ: see طُفَافَةٌ, in two places.

طِفَافٌ: see طَفَاف, in two places: b2: and see 2.

طَفِيفٌ Little in quantity: (S, O, Msb, K:) and incomplete: (IDrd, O, K:) applied to a thing in this sense, (IDrd, O,) and in the former sense. (TA.) [See تِفْلٌ.] b2: Also Low, base, vile, mean, paltry, or contemptible. (TA.) طُفَافَةٌ The quantity that is above the measure; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ طُفَافٌ (S) or ↓ طَفَفَةٌ: (O, K:) or the quantity that falls short of filling the vessel, (IDrd, O, K,) of beverage or wine, &c. (IDrd, O. [See also طَفَاف.]) And Somewhat, little in quantity, remaining in a vessel. (TA.) b2: And طُفَافَةُ الإِنَآءِ and ↓ طُفَافُهُ The uppermost part of the vessel. (K.) طَفَّافٌ (O, K) and ↓ طَفٌّ (K) and خَفٌّ and دَفٌّ, as epithets applied to a horse, are alike (O, K) in meaning (K) [app. signifying Light, brisk, or quick: (see طَفَّفَ بِهِ الفَرَسُ:) in the TK, and hence by Freytag, expl. as meaning thus, but as an epithet applied to a man].

إِنَآءٌ طَفَّانُ [in the CK طَفّانٌ] A vessel in which the measuring [or thing measured] has reached its uppermost parts: (S, O, K:) [or] a full vessel. (IAar, TA.) الطَّافَّةُ What is between mountains and plains. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And طَافَّةُ البُسْتَانِ What surrounds the garden: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pl. طَوَافُّ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) طَفْطَفَةٌ (S, O, K) and طِفْطِفَةٌ, (O, K,) the latter mentioned on the authority of Az, (O,) The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (S, O, K:) or any quivering flesh: (Az, O, K: [see شِدْقٌ:]) or the flaccid flesh of the soft parts of the belly; (O, K;) thus the former word is expl. by IDrd: (O:) or the extremities of the side, adjoining the ribs: (K:) and said to mean the soft part of the liver; the pl. being used by Dhu-r-Rummeh in relation to the liver: (L, TA:) the pl. is طَفَاطِفُ. (O, K.) طَفْطَافٌ The extremities of trees: (S, O, K:) or the soft, or tender, and succulent, of plants, or herbage: or, accord. to El-Mufaddal, the leaves of the branches. (TA.) b2: See also طَفٌّ.

مُطَفِّفٌ One who gives short measure, and short weight, (Zj, Msb, TA,) thus cheating his companion; but this epithet is not applied unrestrictedly except in the case of exorbitant deficiency: [or] accord. to Aboo-Is-hák [i. e. Zj], the مطفّف is thus called because he seldom or never steals from the measure or balance save what is paltry, i. e. طَفِيف; for it is from طَفُّ الشَّىْءِ, meaning “ the side of the thing: ” the pl. occurs in the Kur lxxxiii. 1. (TA.)