فسق
1 فَسَقَ is said to signify primarily It (a thing) went forth, from another thing, in a bad, or corrupt, manner. (
Msb.) One says, فَسَقَتِ الرُّطَبَةُ, (
S,
O,
Msb,) or فَسَقَتِ الرُّطَبَةُ عَنْ قِشْرِهَا, (
K,) The fresh ripe date came forth from its skin; (
S,
O,
Msb,
K;) as also ↓ انفسقت: (
IDrd,
O,
K:) and in like manner فَسَقَ is said of anything as meaning it came forth from its integument: so says EsSarakustee. (
Msb.)
b2: [Hence] فَسَقَ,
aor. ـُ and فَسِقَ, (
S,
O,
Msb,
K) the latter
aor. mentioned by
Akh, (
S,
O,
Msb,)
inf. n. فُسُوقٌ (
S,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K) and فِسْقٌ, (
S,
O,
K,) or this latter is a simple
subst.; (
Msb;) and likewise فَسُقَ, like كَرُمَ, (
K,
TA,) mentioned by
Lh, but not known by
Ks; (
TA;) He went forth from, departed from, or quitted, (
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) the right way, (
Mgh,
K,) or the way of truth, (
K,) and the limits of the law, (
Mgh,) [or the bounds of] obedience; (
Msb;) he forsook, relinquished, or neglected, the command of God; he disobeyed; (
K;) or
i. q. فَجَرَ [meaning as above; or he transgressed; or acted unrighteously, sinfully, wickedly, vitiously, or immorally]. (
S,
O,
K. [See also فِسْقٌ below.]) فَسَقَ عَنْ أَمْرِرَبِّهِ (in the
Kur [xviii. 48],
O,
TA) means He departed (خَرَجَ) from the command of his Lord: (
Th,
S,
O,
K:) or from the obeying [of the command] of his Lord: (
Fr,
O,
TA:) and
Akh says that this phrase is like اِتَّخَمَ عن الطَّعامِ, (
S,
O,) meaning عَنْ مَأْكَلِهِ, (
S,) or عَنْ أَكْلِهِ الطَّعَامَ; but
Th says that there is no need of this [explanation]: or,
accord. to
AO, it means he declined, or deviated, from obeying the command of his Lord: (
O:) for فَسَقَ signifies also he declined, or deviated: (
K:) and hence the saying, فَسَقَتِ الرِّكَابُ عَنْ قَصْدِ السَّبِيلِ i. e. [The ridden camels] declined [from the right direction of the way]. (
TA.) Sometimes فُسُوقٌ may mean The believing in a plurality of gods: and it may mean the committing sin. (
A Heyth, O.) And it is said to mean The calling one another by names of reproach: (
Zj, *
Mgh,
TA:) or the saying “ O Jew,” and “ O Christian,” after one has become a believer: thus in the
Kur xlix. 11. (
TA.)
b3: One says also, فَسَقَ فِى
الدُّنْيَا,
inf. n. فِسْقٌ, meaning He had a wide, or an ample, range in respect of worldly things, and made them light and easy to himself, being without restraint in his management of them, not making them strait to him. (
Ktr,
Sh,
TA.)
b4: And فَسَقَ مَالَهُ He made away with his property; and disposed of it, or spent it. (
TA.) 2 تَفْسِيقٌ is the
contr. of تَعْدِيلٌ: (
O,
K,
TA:) one says فسّقهُ, (
O,
TA,)
inf. n. تَفْسِيقٌ, (
TA,) He (the judge) pronounced him to be characterized by فِسْق [
q. v.]: (
O,
TA:) he attributed to him فِسْق. (
TA.) 7 إِنْفَسَقَ see 1, second sentence.
b2: [Hence,] انفسق مِنَ الخَيْرِ, said of the فَاسِق, He divested himself, or became divested, of good.
IDrd, O.) فِسْقٌ is an
inf. n., (
S,
O,
K,) or a simple
subst., (
Msb,) from فَسَقَ [
q. v]: (
S,
O,
Msb,
K:) unless as signifying [simply] A going forth, or a departure, it is said to be a word unknown before ElIslám, and to have become so much used in its legal acceptation as to be, when so used, conventionally regarded as proper (
MF,
TA:) [thus used,] it signifies a going forth, or departure, from the right way, (
K,
TA,) which is said to be the primary meaning, (
TA,) or from the way of truth; (
K,
TA;) or from the truth, or that which is right, as in the phrase وَإِنَّهُ لَفِسْقٌ, (
O,
K, [in the
CK لَفَسِقٌ, a strange mistake,]) in the
Kur [vi. 121]; (O;) or a relinquishment, or neglect, of the command of God; (
Lth,
O,
K;) and an inclining to disobedience; (
Lth, O;) or also disobedience [itself]; (
K;) or
i. q. فُجُورٌ [meaning as above; or transgression; or unrighteous, sinful, wicked, vitious, or immoral, conduct]: (
O,
K:) it is said by El-Isbahánee to be a more general term than كُفْرٌ; applying to few sins, misdeeds, transgressions, or acts of disobedience, or to little thereof; and also, to many, or much thereof; but is commonly known as applying to the latter: and it is related on the authority of
Málik that in the
Kur vi. 146 it means such as is slaughtered: (
TA:) [being used as a
subst.,] it sometimes has a
pl., which is فُسُوقٌ. (
TA.) فُسَقٌ (
Lth,
O,
K) and ↓ فِسِّيقٌ, (
Lth,
S,
O,
K,) applied to a man, Always characterized by فِسْق. (
Lth,
S,
O,
K.)
b2: يَافُسَقُ means يَا أَيُّهَا الفَاسِقُ [O thou فَاسِق]; (
S,
O,
K;) like يَا خُبَثُ, meaning يَا أَيُّهَا انخَبِيثُ; فُسَقُ being determinate, as is shown by their saying يَا فُسَقُ الخَبِيثُ, thus prefixing ال to خبيث: (
S, O:) and to a woman they say ↓ يَا فَسَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, (
S,
O,
K,) meaning يَا فَاسِقَةُ (
K) [or rather يَا أَيُّهَا الفَاسِقَةُ].
فَسْقِيَّةٌ, with fet-h, [often pronounced فِسْقِيَّة,] a
post-classical word, [arabicized, from the Lat.
“ piscina,”]
i. q. مُتَوَضَّأٌ [properly A place, here meaning a tank, or basin, in which the ablution termed وُضُوْء is performed: now commonly applied to a basin, or shallow pool, of water, in the court of a house, or in a room, generally having in the centre a fountain that throws up water:]
pl. فَسَاقِيُّ. (
TA.) فَسَاقِ: see فُسَقٌ فِسِّيقٌ: see فُسَقٌ فَاسِقٌ Going forth, or departing, or one who goes forth, or departs, [from the right way, or the way of truth, and the limits of the law, or] from [the bounds of] obedience; (
Msb;) disobedient [to God]; (
Mgh,
TA;) [transgressing, or a transgressor; unrighteous, sinful, wicked, vitious, or immoral;] mostly applied to one who has taken upon himself to observe what the law ordains, and has acknowledged its authority, and then fallen short of observance in respect of all, or of some, of its ordinances: and when the person fundamentally, or utterly, an unbeliever is thus termed, it is because he falls short of observing the ordinance that the intellect renders obligatory on him and that the natural constitution with which he was created in his mother's womb requires to be conceded; hence the believer is contrasted with him in the
Kur xxxii. 18; so فَاسِقٌ is a more general term than كَافِرٌ; and ظَالِمٌ is a more general term than فَاسِقٌ: (El-Isbahánee,
TA:)
accord. to
IDrd, (
O,) the فَاسِق is thus called because of his divesting himself, or becoming divested, of good: (
O,
K:) the word has not been heard in the speech of the people of the Time of Ignorance, (
IAar,
S,
O,
Msb,
K,) nor in their poetry, (
IAar,
S,
O,
K,) though it is an Arabic word, (
IAar,
S,
O,
Msb,
K,) and a chaste one, and the
Kur-án has used it: (
IAar,
Msb:) the
pl. is فَسَقَةٌ and فُسَّاقٌ: (
Msb:) فَوَاسِقُ, [
pl. of فَاسِقَةٌ,] applied to women, signifies فَوَاجِرُ [generally meaning adulteresses, or fornicatresses]. (
TA.)
b2: The five animals, or living things, (الحَيَوَانَاتُ الخَمْسُ, [specified
voce حَيَوَانٌ,]) are metaphorically termed فَوَاسِقُ [as though meaning (
tropical:) Transgressors] (
Mgh,
Msb) because of their noxiousness, (
Mgh,) or because of their much, or frequent, noxiousness and harmfulness, so that they may be killed in the case of freedom from إِحْرَام and in the state of إِحْرَام, and in prayer, which is not rendered ineffectual thereby: (
Msb:) or because of their being out of the pale of inviolability: or, as some [unreasonably] say, because the eating of them is forbidden. (
Mgh.) فَاسِقِيَّةٌ A certain mode of attiring oneself with the turban. (
Z,
O,
K.) One says, تَعَمَّمَ فُلَانٌ الفَاسِقيَّةَ [Such a one attired himself with the turban in the mode termed الفاسقيّة]. (
TA.) الفُوَيْسِقَةُ The rat, or mouse;
syn. الفَأْرَةُ: (
S,
O,
K:) so called because it comes forth from its hole upon people: (
O,
K:) or,
accord. to
Z, because it does mischief in houses: and it is said in a
trad. that it is to be killed: the word is the
dim. of فَاسِقَةٌ. (
TA.) أَفْسَقُ [More, or most, characterized by فِسْق]. The Arabs say, لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ أَفْسَقِى وأَفْسَقَكَ, meaning, الأَفْسَقَ مِنَّا [i. e. May God curse the more characterized by فِسْق, of us, or of me and thee]. (
Fr, O.)
