شعب

1 شَعَبَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. شَعْبٌ, (A, Msb, K,) He collected; brought, gathered, or drew, together; or united; (S, A, Msb, K;) a thing, (S,) any thing or things, and a people or party: (Msb:) and he separated; put apart, or asunder; divided; disunited; or dispersed or scattered; (S, A, Msb, K;) a thing, (S,) any thing or things, and a people or party: (Msb:) thus having two contr. significations: (S:) so expressly state A'Obeyd and Aboo-Ziyád: (TA:) but accord. to IDrd, it has not two contr. significations [in one and the same dial.]: he says that the two meanings are peculiar to the dials. of two peoples, (Msb, TA, *) each meaning belonging to the dial. of one people exclusively. (TA.) [Hence, as it seems to be indicated in the S and A, or from شَعْبٌ meaning “ a tribe,” as it seems to be indicated in the Ham p. 538,] one says, تَفَرَّقَ شَعْبُهُمْ, (S,) or شَتَّ شَعْبُهُمْ, (A, Ham,) (tropical:) [Their union became dissolved, or broken up; or their tribe became separated;] meaning they became separated after being congregated: (S, Ham:) and اِلْتَأَمَ شَعْبُهُمْ (S, A, Ham) (tropical:) [Their separation became closed up, or their tribe drew together;] meaning they drew together after being separated. (S, Ham.) And شَعَبَتْهُمُ المَنِيَّةُ Death separated them: (S:) and شَعَبَتْهُ شَعُوبُ [Death separated him from his companions]; (TA;) said of a man when he has died. (O in art. عبل: in the K, in that art., ↓ اِشْتَعَبَتْهُ [perhaps a mistranscription].) And it is said in a trad., مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْيَا الَّتِى شَعَبْتَ بِهَا النَّاسَ i. e, [What is this judicial decision] with which thou hast divided the people? (S. [In the TA, on the authority of IAth, التى شَغَبَتْ فِى النَّاسِ, which means, “ which has excited evil among the people. ”]) One says also, شَعَبَ الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) The man broke up, discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, [or rendered unsound, impaired, or marred, (agreeably with another explanation of the verb in what follows,)] his state of affairs: (As, A'Obeyd, TA:) whence the saying of 'Alee Ibn-El-'Adheer El-Ghanawee, وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ المَرْءَ يَشْعَبُ أَمْرَهُ شَعْبَ العَصَا وَيَلَجُّ فِى العِصْيَانِ (assumed tropical:) [And when thou seest the man break up his state of affairs as with the breaking up of the staff, and persevere in disobedience, or rebellion]. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b2: Also, aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (S, A, Msb, K,) He repaired a cracked thing [such as a wooden bowl or some other vessel, by closing up its crack or cracks, or by piecing it: see 2, which has a similar signification, but implying muchness]: (S, Msb:) and [in a general sense,] he repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state: (A, K, TA:) and it signifies the contr. also [of the former meaning and] of this, in the same, or in another, dial.: (TA:) [i. e.] he cracked a thing [such as a wooden bowl &c.]: (A, Msb:) and he corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred. (A, K, TA.) شَعْبٌ صَغِيرٌ مِنْ شَعْبٍ كَبِيرٍ, occurring in a trad. of 'Omar, means A little repairing, of, or amid, much impairing. (TA.) b3: [He gave a portion of property; as though he broke it off.] One says, اِشْعَبْ لِى شُعْبَةً مِنَ المَالِ Give thou to me a portion of the property. (TA.) b4: He (the commander, or prince, S) sent a messenger (S, K) إِلَيْهِ [to him], (K,) or إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا [to such a place]. (S.) b5: He turned, or sent, him, or it, away, or back: (K, TA:) aor. and inf.n. as above. (TA.) And شَعَبَ اللِّجَامُ الفَرَسَ The bridle turned away or back, or withheld, or restrained, the horse from the direction towards which he was going. (K.) b6: He, or it, diverted a man by occupying him, busying him, or engaging his attention. (K, TA.) One says, مَا شَعَبَكَ عَنِّى [What diverted thee, or what has diverted thee, &c., from me?]. (TA.) A2: It is also intrans.: see 4. b2: [Thus it signifies He quitted his companions, desiring others.] One says, شَعَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ (K, TA) فِى عَدَدِ كَذَا (TA) He yearned towards them [with such a number of men], and quitted his companions. (K, TA.) b3: And He, or it, appeared [distinct from others]: (K, TA:) whence the month [شَعْبَان, q. v.,] is [said to be] named. (TA.) A3: Also, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) said of a camel, He cropped (اِهْتَضَمَ) the upper, or uppermost, parts of trees [or shrubs]. (K, TA.) A4: شَعِبَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَبٌ, (S, * K, * TA,) He (a goat, S, TA, and a gazelle, TA) was wide, (K,) or very wide, (S,) between the horns, (S, K,) and between the shoulders. (K, * TA.) [See also شَعَبٌ, below.]2 شعّب [app. signifies He collected several things; or he collected much: and] he separated several things; or he separated much. (O.) b2: Also He repaired a cracked wooden bowl [or some other vessel] in several places [by closing up its cracks, or by piecing it]: (S, O:) [and app., in a general sense, he repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state, several things; or he repaired, &c., much: and it seems to signify also the contr. of these two meanings: i. e. he cracked several things; or he cracked in several places: and he corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred, several things; or he corrupted, &c., much.]

A2: It is also intrans.: see 4. b2: Thus, said of seed-produce, It branched forth, or forked, after being in leaf, or blade; (TA;) like ↓ تشعّب. (K, * TA.) [Hence,] one says, إِنِّى أَرَى الشَّرَّ شَعَّبَ (assumed tropical:) [Verily I see the evil to have grown like seed-produce when it branches forth]; like as one says, قَصَّبَ, and نَبَّبَ. (TA in art. نب.) 3 شاعبهُ He became distant, or remote, from him; (K, TA;) namely, his companion. (TA.) [Hence,] شاعب الحَيَاةَ (assumed tropical:) [He quitted life]. (TA.) And شَاعَبَتْ نَفْسُهُ (K, TA) His soul [departed, or] quitted life; (TA;) meaning he died; (K, TA;) as also ↓ انشعب [i. e. انشعب هُوَ]. (K.) [See also what next follows.]4 اشعب He died: (S, K: [see also 3:]) or (so in the S and TA, but in the K “ and ”) he separated himself from another or others, never to return; (S, K;) as also ↓ شعّب or ↓ شَعَبَ, accord. to different copies of the K, the latter as in the L. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, En-Nábighah El-Jaadee, (IB, TA.) وَكَانُوا أُنَاسًا مِنْ شُعُوبٍ فَأَشْعَبُوا (S, IB, TA,) or وَكَانُوا شُعُوبًا مِنْ أُنَاسٍ, accord. to different readings: [app. meaning, And they were men of divided races or tribes, or were divided races or tribes of men; so they perished; or separated, never to return:] IB says, after mentioning the former reading, i. e. they were of men who should perish; so they perished: having previously mentioned the latter reading, and added, i. e. they were of those whom شعوب should overtake. (TA. [IB's explanations seem at first sight to indicate that he read شَعُوبَ and شَعُوبًا; neither of which is admissible: each of his explanations app. relates to both readings; as though he understood the poet to mean, they were men separated from different tribes, to be overtaken by others; so they perished.]) 5 تشعّب and ↓ انشعب are quasi-pass. verbs, the former of شَعَّبَ and the latter of شَعَبَ: (TA:) [the former, therefore, is most correctly to be regarded and used as intensive in its significations, or as relating to several things or persons: but it is said that] both signify alike: [app. It became collected; it became brought, gathered, or drawn, together; or it became united: and also] it became separated, put apart or asunder, divided, disunited, or dispersed or scattered: (S, K:) and it, or he, became distant, or remote. (K.) One says, تَشَعَّبُوا فِى طَلَبِ المِيَاهِ [They became separated, &c., or they separated themselves, &c., in search of the waters], and فِى الغَارَاتِ [in predatory excursions]. (TA.) And عَنِّى ↓ انشعب فُلَانٌ Such a one became distant, or remote, from me; or withdrew to a distance, or for away, from me. (TA.) And الطَّرِيقُ ↓ انشعب [and تشعّب] The road separated. (S, A, Msb.) And ↓ انشعب النَّهْرُ and تشعّب The river separated [or branched forth] into other rivers. (TA.) And ↓ انشعبت

أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرَةِ (S, Msb, TA) and تشعّبت (TA) The branches of the tree separated, divided, straggled, or spread out dispersedly; (S, TA;) or branched forth from the stem, and separated, divided, &c. (Msb.) See also 2. One says also, تشعّب أَمْرُ الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) [The state of affairs of the man became broken up, discomposed, deranged, disorganized, or (agreeably with another explanation of the verb in what follows) rendered unsound, impaired, or marred]. (A.) b2: Also ↓ the latter verb, [or each,] It became closed up; [or repaired by having a crack or cracks closed up, or by being pieced;] said of a cracked thing: (TA:) and ↓ both verbs, i. q. اِنْصَلَحَ [which means, in a general sense, it became rectified, repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state; &c.; but I have not found this verb (انصلح) in its proper art. in any of the Lexicons]: (K, TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also it became cracked; (A;) [and in like manner the former, said of a number of things; or it became cracked in several places when said of a single thing: and hence ↓ both signify, in a general sense, it became corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred; a meaning which may justly be assigned to the former verb in the phrase mentioned in the next preceding sentence.]7 إِنْشَعَبَ see 5, in nine places: and see also 3.8 إِشْتَعَبَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.

شَعْبٌ inf. n. of شَعَبَ [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: [Used as a simple subst., it signifies Collection, or union: and also separation, division, or disunion; and] a state of separation or division or disunion; (K, TA;) as also ↓ شُعْبَةٌ: (S, TA:) pl. of the former شُعُوبٌ. (TA.) b3: And [hence, perhaps, as implying both union and division,] Such as is divided [into sub-tribes], of the tribes of the Arabs and foreigners: (S: [in my copy of the Msb, ما انقسمت فيه قبائل العرب, as though it meant the tribes of the Arabs collectively, agreeably with another explanation to be mentioned below; but I think that there may be a mistranscription in this case:]) pl. شُعُوبٌ: (S, Msb:) or it signifies, as some say, (Msb,) or signifies also, (S,) a great tribe; syn. قَبِيلَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ, (S, A, K,) or حَىٌّ عَظِيمٌ; (Msb;) the parent of the [tribes called] قَبَائِل, to which they refer their origin, and which comprises them: (S:) or, as some say, a great tribe (حَىٌّ عَظِيمٌ) forming a branch of a قَبِيلَة: or a قَبِيلَة itself: (TA:) A' Obeyd says, on the authority of Ibn-El-Kelbee, on the authority of his father, that the شَعْب is greater than the قَبِيلَة; next to which is the فَصِيلَة; then, the عَمَارَة; then, the بَطْن; then, the فَخِذ: (S, TA:) but IB says that the true order is that which Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-Bekkár has stated, and is as follows: (TA:) [i. e.] the genealogies of the Arabs consist of six degrees; (Msb;) first, the شَعْب; then, the قَبِيلَة; then, the عَمَارَة, (Msb, TA,) with fet-h and with kesr, to the ع; (Msb;) then, the بَطْن; then, the فَخِذ; and then, the فَصيلَة: thus, Khuzeymeh is a شعب; and Kináneh, a قبيلَة; and Kureysh, an عمارة; and Kuseí, a بطن; and Háshim, a فخذ; and El-'Abbás, a فصيلة: (Msb, TA:) and Aboo-Usámeh says that these classes are agreeable with the order obtaining in the structure of man; the شعب is the greatest of them, derived from the شَعْب [or suture] of the head; next is the قبيلة, from the قبيلة [which is a term applied to any one of the four principal bones] of the head; then, the عمارة, which is the breast; then, the بطن [or belly]; then, the فخذ [or thigh]; and then, the فصيلة, which is the shank: to these some add the عَشِتيرَة, which consists of few in comparison with what are before mentioned: (TA:) and some add after this the رَهْط: some also add the جِذْم before the شعب: (TA in art. بطن:) the pl. is as above. (TA.) It signifies also A nation, people, race, or family of mankind; syn. جِيلٌ; as expl. by IM and others: in the K, [and in a copy of the A,] erroneously, جَبَل [a mountain]: (TA:) but it is [strangely] said by Aboo-'Obeyd El-Bekree that accord. to all except Bundár, the word in this sense is ↓ شِعْبٌ, with kesr. (MF.) And the pl., شُعُوبٌ, is [said to be] especially applied to denote the foreigners (العَجَم): (TA:) [thus it is said that] the phrase, in a trad., إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّعُوبِ

أَسْلَمَ means [Verily a man] of the foreigners (العَجَم) [became a Muslim: but see الشُّعُوبِيَّةُ]. (S.) b4: Also, [as implying separation,] Distance, or remoteness. (A, K.) So in the phrase شَعْبُ الدَّارِ [The distance, or remoteness, of the abode, or dwelling]. (TA.) b5: And A crack (S, A, K, TA) in a thing, (S,) which the شَعَّاب repairs. (S, * TA.) b6: And The place of junction [i. e. the suture] of the قَبَائِل [or principal bones] of the head; (K;) the شَأْن which conjoins the قبائل of the head: the قبائل in the head being [the frontal bone, the occipital bone, and the two parietal bones; in all,] four in number. (S.) b7: [Hence, perhaps,] هُمَا شَعْبَانِ (assumed tropical:) They two are likes [or like each other]. (S.) b8: See also شِعْبٌ.

A2: Also Distant, or remote; (K;) as in the phrase مَآءٌ شَعْبٌ [Distant, or remote, water]: pl. شُعُوبٌ. (TA.) شُعْبٌ: see the dual شُعْبَانِ voce شُعْبَةٌ.

شِعْبٌ A road: (Msb:) or a road in a mountain: (S, A, O, L, Msb, K:) primarily a road in a mountain (Har p. 29) and in valleys: (Id. p. 72:) afterwards applied to any road: (Id. p. 29:) [see also مَشْعَبٌ:] pl. شِعَابٌ. (S, O, Msb.) And A water-course, or place in which water flows, in [a low, or depressed, tract, such as is called] a بَطْن of land, (ISh, A, O, K,) having two elevated borders, and in width equal to the stature of a man lying down, and sometimes between the two faces, or acclivities, of two mountains. (ISh, O.) Or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (A,) A ravine, or gap, [or pass,] between two mountains. (A, K.) b2: Also [A reef of rocks in the sea: so in the present day: or] a زِرْبَة or زَرَبَة (accord. to different copies of the K in art. جهن [but neither of these two words do I find in their proper art. in any Lex.]) in the sea, such as is connected with the shore: if not connected with the shore, a bowshot distant, it is called جُهْنٌ. (K and TA in art. جهن.) b3: And A brand, or mark made with a hot iron, (S, K,) upon camels, (K,) peculiar to the Benoo-Minkar, in form resembling the [hooked stick called] مِحْجَن: (S:) or a brand upon the thigh, lengthwise, [consisting of] two lines meeting at the top and separated at the bottom: (ISh, TA:) or a brand united [at the upper part and] at the lower part separated: (Aboo-' Alee in the “ Tedhkireh,” TA: [but there is an omission here, so that the reverse may perhaps be meant:]) or a brand upon the neck, like the مِحْجَن: (Suh in the R, TA:) in a marginal note in the copy of the L, it is said that شعب signifying a brand is with kesr to the ش and with fet-h [i. e. شِعْبٌ and ↓ شَعْبٌ]. (TA.) b4: See also شَعْبٌ. b5: [And see the pl. شِعَابٌ below.]

شَعَبٌ Width, or distance, (A, K,) or great width or distance, (S,) between the horns (S, A, K) of a goat (S, TA) and of a gazelle, (TA,) and between the shoulders, (A, K,) and between two branches. (A.) [See also 1, last signification.]

شُعْبَةٌ: see شَعْبٌ, second sentence. b2: Also The space, or interstice, between two horns: and between two branches: (K:) pl. شُعَبٌ and شِعَابٌ, (K, * TA,) in this and all the following senses. (TA.) b3: And A cleft in a mountain, to which birds (الطَّيْرُ, for which المَطَرُ is erroneously substituted in [several of] the copies of the K, TA) resort: pl. as above. (K, TA.) b4: Also A branch of a tree, (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb, TA,) growing out a part, or divaricating, therefrom: (Msb, * TA:) or the extremity of a branch: (K, TA: [said in the latter to be tropical in this latter sense; but why, I see not:]) pl. شُعَبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and شِعَابٌ, as above. (TA.) And شُعَبُ الغُصْنِ The divaricating, or straggling, [branchlets, or] extremities [or shoots or stalks] of the branch. (TA.) And [hence] عَصًا فِى رَأْسِهَا شُعْبَتَانِ [A staff having at his head two forking portions or projections]; (A, TA;) and Az mentions, as heard by him from the Arabs, ↓ شُعْبَانِ, without ت, instead of شُعْبَتَانِ in this phrase. (L, TA.) And شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ رَيْحَانٍ [A sprig, spray, bunch, or branchlet, of sweet basil, or of sweet-smelling plants]: and شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شَعَرٍ [and مِنْ صُوفٍ A lock, or flock, of hair and of wool]. (JK in art. طوق.) And أَنَا شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ دَوْحَتِكَ (tropical:) [I am a branch, or branchlet, of thy great tree]. (A, TA.) And مَسْأَلَةٌ كَثِيرَةُ الشُّعَبِ (assumed tropical:) [A question having many branches, or ramifications]. (Msb.) and [the pl.] شُعَبٌ [as meaning] (tropical:) The fingers: (K, TA:) one says, قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ بِشُعَبِ يَدِهِ (tropical:) He laid hold upon it with his fingers. (A, TA.) and قَعَدَ بَيْنَ شُعْبَتَيْهَا (tropical:) He sat between her two legs: (A:) and بَيْنَ شُعَبِهَا الأَرْبَعِ (tropical:) [He sat (in the Mgh قَعَدَ, as implied in the A, and in the Msb جَلَسَ,)] between her arms and her legs; (A, Mgh, Msb, K;) or between her legs and the شُفْرَانِ [dual of شُفْرٌ, q. v.,] of her فَرْج; (A, Mgh, K;) occurring in a trad.; (Mgh, Msb;) an allusion to جِمَاع. (A, Mgh, Msb, K.) And شُعْبَتَا الرَّحْلِ (assumed tropical:) The شَرْخَانِ [or two upright pieces of wood] of the camel's saddle; its قَادِمَة and its آخِرَه. (Mgh.) And اِغْرِزِ اللَّحْمَ فِى شُعَبِ السَّفُّودِ (tropical:) [Infix thou the flesh-meat upon the prongs of the roastinginstrument]. (A, TA.) And شُعْبَةُ مِنْجَلٍ (assumed tropical:) [A tooth of a reaping-hook]. (K in art. سن.) and شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شُعَبِ السِّينِ (assumed tropical:) [A tooth, or cusp, of the teeth, or cusps, of the س]; the شُعَب of the س being three. (S and L in art. س.) And شُعَبُ الفَرَسِ (tropical:) The outer parts, or regions, of the horse (أَقْطَارُهُ, A, or نَوَاحِيهِ, K); all of them: (K:) or the prominent parts (S, K) of them, (K,) or of him; (S, and so in some copies of the K;) as the neck, and the مِنْسَج [or withers, &c.], (S, TA,) and the crests of the hips, (TA,) or such as his head, and his حَارِك [or withers, &c.], and the crests of his hips. (A.) b5: Also A small water-course, or channel in which water flows; as in the phrase شُعْبَةٌ حَافِلٌ a small water-course filled with a torrent: (S:) or a water-course in sand; (K;) or in the elevated part of a depressed tract into which sand has poured and remained. (TA.) And A small portion of a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة; or what is smaller than a تَلْعَة; accord. to different copies of the K; الشُّعْبَةُ being expl. as meaning مَا صَغُرَ مِنَ التَّلْعَةِ, and, in one copy, عَنِ التَّلْعَةِ. (TA.) And Such as is large, of the channels for irrigation of valleys: (K, TA:) or, as some say, a branch from a تَلْعَة, and from a valley, or torrent-bed, taking a different course therefrom: pl. as above. (TA.) b6: and A portion, part, or piece, of a thing; or somewhat thereof: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) One says, اِشْعَبْ لِى شُعْبَةً مِنَ المَالِ Give thou to me a portion of the property. (TA.) And فِى يَدِهِ شُعْبَةُ خَيْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [In his hand is somewhat of good, or of wealth]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., الحَيَآءُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الإِيمَانِ (assumed tropical:) Modesty is a part of faith: and in another, الشَّبَابُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الجُنُونِ (assumed tropical:) [Youth is a part of insanity]. (TA.) In explanation of the phrase, in the Kur [lxxvii. 30], إِلَى ظِلٍّ ذِى ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ [Unto a shade, or shadow, having three parts, or divisions], it is said that the fire [of Hell], on the day of resurrection, will divide into three parts; and whenever they shall attempt to go forth to a place, it will repel them: by ظِلّ being here meant that the fire will form a covering; for [literally] there will be no ظِلّ in this case. (Th, L.) b7: And A piece such as is called رُؤبَة, with which a wooden bowl [or the like] is repaired. (S.) b8: Accord. to Lth, (T, TA,) شُعَبُ الدَّهْرِ means (tropical:) The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune; (T, A, TA;) and he cites the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, وَلَا تُقَسِّمُ شَعْبًا وَاحِدًا شُعَبُ which he explains by saying, i. e. I thought that one thing, or state of things, would not be divided into many things, or states: [i. e. Nor did I think that the vicissitudes of fortune would divide one whole body of men into many parties:] but Az disapproves of this explanation, and says that شُعَب here means Intentions, designs, or purposes: he says that the poet describes tribes assembled together in the [season called] رَبِيع, who, when they desired to return to the watering-places, differed in their intentions, or designs; wherefore he says, Nor did I think that various intentions would divide [one whole body of men who before had] a consentient intention. (L, TA.) b9: [See also the pl. شِعَابٌ below.]

شَعْبَانُ, imperfectly decl., (Msb,) The name of a month [i. e. the eighth month of the Arabian year]: pl. شَعْبَانَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and شَعَابِينُ: (Msb, K:) so called from تَشَعَّبَ “ it became separated; ” (K, TA;) because therein they used to separate, or disperse themselves, in search of water [when the months were regulated by the solar year; this month then corresponding partly to June and partly to July, as shown voce زَمَنٌ, q. v.]; or, as some say, for predatory expeditions [after having been restrained therefrom during the sacred month of Rejeb]; or, accord. to some, as Th says, from شَعَبَ “ it appeared; ” because of its appearance between the months of Rejeb and Ramadán. (TA.) b2: غَزَالُ شَعْبَانَ A certain insect, (K, * TA,) a species of the جُنْدَب, or of the جُخْدُب. (TA.) شِعَابٌ pl. of شِعْبٌ: (S, O, Msb:) and of شُعْبَةٌ. (K, TA.) b2: شَغَلَتْ شِعَابِى جَدْوَاىَ is a prov., [expl. as] meaning The abundance of the food [that I have to procure for my family] has occupied me so as to divert me from giving to people: (S, TA:) [Z considers شعاب, here, as pl. of شُعْبَةٌ

“ a branch,” and as meaning duties, and relations: (Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 653:)] but El-Mundhiree says that شِعَابِى is a mistranscription: the other reading is سَعَاتِى, meaning “ my expending upon my family. ” (Meyd. [See also سَعَاةٌ, in art. سعو and سعى.]) شَعُوبُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) without the article ال, and imperfectly decl., (Msb,) and الشَّعُوبُ, (A, Msb, K,) with the article, and perfectly decl., (Msb,) but several authors disallow this latter, accounting it wrong; (TA;) a name for Death; (S, A, * Msb, K; *) so called because it separates men: (S, Msb:) the former is a proper name: (Msb:) J says [in the S] that it is determinate, and does not admit the article ال: in the L, it is said that شَعُوبُ and الشَّعُوبُ both signify as above; and that in either case it may be originally an epithet, being like the epithets قَتُول and ضَرُوب; and if so, the article in this case is as in العَبَّاسُ and الحَسَنُ and الحٰرِثُ: and this opinion is confirmed by what is said of its derivation: but he who says شَعُوب, without the article, makes the word a pure substantive, and deprives it literally of the character of an epithet; wherefore the article is not necessarily attached to it, as it is not to عَبَّاس and حٰرِث; yet the essence of an epithet is in it still, as in the instance of جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ, a name for “ bread,” so called because it reinvigorates the hungry; and as in وَاسِط, [a certain town] so called, accord. to Sb, because midway between El-'Irák [' Irák el-'Ajam] and El-Basrah: thus in the L. (TA.) One says of a person when he has been at the point of death and then escaped, أَقَصَّتْهُ شَعُوبُ [Death became near to him]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., فَمَا زِلْتُ وَاضِعًا رِجْلِى

عَلَى خَدِّهِ حَتَّى أَزَرْتُهُ شَعُوبَ, i. e. [And I ceased not putting my foot upon his cheek until] I made death to visit him. (TA.) شَعِيبٌ A [leathern water-bag such as is called]

مَزَادَة [q. v.]; (A'Obeyd, S, K;) as also رَاوِيَةٌ and سَطِيحَةٌ: (A'Obeyd, S:) or one that has been repaired, or pieced: (TA:) or one that is made of two hides: (K:) or one that is made of two hides facing each other, without فِئَام at their corners; فئام in [the making of] مَزَايِد being the taking of the hide and folding it, and then adding at the sides what will widen it: or one that is pieced (تُفْأَمُ) with a third skin, between the two skins, that it may be rendered wider: or one that is made of two pieces joined together: (TA:) or one that is sewed (مَخْرُوزَة, K and TA, in the CK مَحْزُوزَة,) on both sides: (K:) called thus because one part is joined to another: (L, TA:) pl. شُعُبٌ. (K, * TA.) b2: Also An old, worn-out skin for water or milk: (K:) because it is pieced, or repaired: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: and A camel's saddle; syn. رَحْلٌ: because it is joined, part to part: so in the saying of El-Marrár, describing a she-camel, إِذَا هِىَ خَرَّتْ خَرَّ مِنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهَا شَعِيبٌ بِهِ إِحْمَامُهَا وَلُغُوبُهَا [When she falls down, or fell down, there falls down, or fell down, from her right side a saddle by reason of which was her fevered and jaded state]. (TA.) b4: And رَجُلٌ شَعِيبٌ i. q. غَرِيبٌ [A man who is a stranger, &c.]. (AA, TA voce غَرِيبٌ.) شِعَابَةٌ The art, or craft, of repairing cracks [in wooden bowls &c., by piecing them]. (TA.) شُعُوبِىٌّ: see what next follows.

الشُّعُوبِيَّةُ A sect which does not prefer, or exalt, the Arabs above the 'Ajam [or foreigners or Persians]: (S:) or a sect which prefers, or exalts, the 'Ajam above the Arabs: (Msb:) or those who despise the circumstances, or condition, of the Arabs; (A, * K;) one of whom is called ↓ شُعُوبِىٌّ; (A, K;) a rel. n. formed from the pl., (IM, Msb, TA,) شُعُوبٌ being predominantly applied to the 'Ajam; (IM, TA;) like أَنْصَارِىٌّ [from الأَنْصَارُ]. (IM, Msb, * TA.) In the phrase إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّعُوبِ أَسْلَمَ, occurring in a trad., [and mentioned before, voce شَعْبٌ,] الشعوب may mean العَجَم; or it may be [used as] a pl. of الشُّعُوبِىُّ, like as اليَهُودُ and المَجُوسُ are [used as] pls. of اليَهُودِىُّ and المَجُوسِىُّ. (IAth, TA.) شَعَّابٌ A repairer of cracks [in wooden bowls &c., by piecing them]. (S, Msb, TA.) الشَّاعِبَانِ The two shoulders: (K:) because wide apart: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) أَشْعَبُ A goat, (S, TA,) and a gazelle, (A, TA,) wide, (A,) or very wide, (S, TA,) between the horns: (S, A, TA:) [and app., between the shoulders: (see شَعِبَ:)] fem. شَعْبَآءُ: (TA:) and pl. شُعْبٌ. (S, A, TA.) A2: It is also the name of a certain very covetous man [who became proverbial for his covetousness, and hence it is used as an epithet]: (S, K:) so in the saying, لَا تَكُنْ

أَشْعَبَ فَتَتْعَبَ [Be not thou an Ash'ab, for in that case thou wilt become fatigued, or wearied, by thy endeavours]; (K;) a prov.: (TA:) and so in the prov., أَطْمَعُ مِنْ أَشْعَبَ [More covetous than Ash'ab]. (S.) مَشْعَبٌ A way, road, or path, (S, Msb, K,) [in an absolute sense, or] branching off from another. (Msb.) مَشْعَبُ الحَقِّ means The way [of truth, or] that distinguishes between truth and falsity. (K.) مِشْعَبٌ An instrument by means of which a crack in a [wooden bowl or some other] thing is repaired [by piecing it]; an instrument used for perforating, a drill, or the like, (K, TA,) by means of which the شَعَّاب repairs a vessel. (TA.) قَصْعَةٌ مُشَعَّبَةٌ [A wooden bowl] repaired in several places [by closing up its cracks, or by piecing it]. (S.) b2: See also what follows.

مَشْعُوبٌ applied to a camel, (K,) and ↓ مُشَعَّبَةٌ applied to a number of camels, (TA,) Marked with the brand called شِعْب. (K, TA.)