Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane (d. 1876) المعجم العربي الإنجليزي لإدوارد وليام لين

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حدث

Entries on حدث in 19 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Al-Fayyūmī, Al-Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr fī Gharīb al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr, Al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī, Kitāb al-Taʿrīfāt, and 16 more

حدث

1 حَدَثَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. حُدُوثٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَدَاثَةٌ, (A, K,) It was new, or recent; contr. of قَدُمَ: (S, * A, K:) it (a thing) came into existence; began to be; had a beginning; began, or originated; existed newly, for the first time, not having been before: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) but when mentioned with قَدُمَ, it is written حَدُثَ, with damm to the د, (S, Mgh, K,) as in the saying, أَخَذَنِى مَا قَدُمَ وَمَاحَدُثَ, (S,) or أَخَذَهُ الخ, (A, Mgh,) meaning Old and new anxieties and thoughts [came into my mind, or his mind, or overcame me, or him]; (TA;) or old and new griefs or sorrows; (Mgh;) the former saying occurring in a trad.: (TA:) the verb is not thus in any other case [in this sense]. (S.) You say, حَدَثَ بِهِ عَيْبٌ A vice, or fault, or the like, originated in him, or it, not having been before. (Msb.) And حَدَثَ أَمْرٌ An affair, or event, originated: (Mgh:) or happened, or came to pass. (S.) حُدُوثٌ is of two kinds: حُدُوثٌ زَمَانِىٌّ, which is A thing's being preceded by non-existence: and حُدُوثٌ ذَاتِىٌّ, which is a thing's being dependent upon another for its existence. (KT.) b2: حَدَاثَةٌ and حُدُوثَةٌ, [as inf. ns. of which the verb, if they have one, is, accord. to analogy, حَدُثَ,] relating to a man, signify The being young; or [as simple substs.] youthfulness. (ISd, K.) 2 حدّثهُ [He told him, or related to him, something; he discoursed to him, or talked to him: see also 5]. You say, حدّثهُ الحَدِيثَ, (L,) and حدّثهُ بِهِ, (A, * L,) inf. n. تَحْدِيثٌ, a word of well-known meaning, (S,) He told him, or related to him, the story, or narrative, or tradition. (L.) [And حدّث He related traditions of Mohammad: and حدّث عن فُلَانٍ he related such traditions heard, or learned, from such a one: the verb in this sense being an Islámee term.] b2: [Hence,] تَرِكْتُ البِلَادَ تُحَدِّثُ (assumed tropical:) I left the countries, or towns, resounding with a buzzing, or confused noise. (Th, ISd.) 3 حادث سَيْفَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مُحَادَثَةٌ, (S, K,) He polished his sword; (S, * K, * TA;) [as though he made it new by doing so;] as also ↓ احدثهُ, (TA,) inf. n. إِحْدَاثٌ. (K.) b2: Hence, حَادِثُوا هٰذِهِ القُلُوبَ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ فَإِنَّهَا سَرِيعَةُ الدُّثُورِ (assumed tropical:) Polish and cleanse ye these hearts by the remembrance of God, like as the sword is polished: [for they quickly become sullied:] a trad. of El-Hasan. (TA.) A2: مُحَادَثَةٌ and ↓ تَحَادُثٌ, words of wellknown meaning, (S,) are syn.: (K:) [but the former generally relates to two persons: the latter, to more than two:] you say, حادث صَاحِبَهُ [He talked, or conversed in words, with his companion]: (A:) and حادثوا and ↓ تحادثوا [They talked, or conversed in words, together, or one with another]. (TK.) 4 احدثهُ (S, A, Msb, TA) and ↓ استحدثهُ (A) He (God, S, or a man, Msb) brought it into existence, caused it to be, made it, produced it, effected it, or did it, newly, for the first time, it not having been before; began it, or originated it; invented it; innovated it. (S, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] احدث

أَمْرَا [He brought to pass an event]. (Kur lxv. 1.) And احدث حَدَثًا He originated an innovation [see حَدَثٌ]. (TA.) b2: See also 3. b3: Also احدث, (S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْدَاثٌ, (Msb,) from الحَدَثُ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He voided his ordure; or broke wind: (L, K:) it has both these meanings: (L:) or he did a thing that annulled his state of legal purity. (Msb.) [See حَدَثٌ.] b4: And (tropical:) He committed adultery, or fornication: (K, TA:) and in like manner one says of a woman [احدثت]. (TA.) 5 تحدّث [He talked; conversed in words; told, or related, stories, or narratives]. (S.) and تحدّث بِهِ [He talked of it; told it; related it]; (S, A, Msb, K;) namely, a حَدِيث, (Msb,) or what is termed أُحْدُوثَة. (S, K.) And يَتَحَدَّثُ

إِلَى النِّسَآءِ [He talks to women]. (S, A. *) [See also 2.] b2: It is said in a trad., يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ السَّحَابَ فَيَضْحَكُ أَحْسَنَ الضَّحِكِ وَيَتَحَدَّثُ أَحْسَنَ الحَدِيثِ (tropical:) [God shall send the clouds, and they shall laugh with the best laughing, and talk with the best talking]: the talking here mentioned, says IAth, is said to mean thundering; and the laughing, lightning; thundering being likened to talking because it announces rain, and its near coming: or by laughing may be meant the smiling of the earth, and the appearing of the flowers or blossome; and by talking, the talking of men in describing and mentioning the plants or herbage: this figure of speech is termed مَجَازٌ تَعْلِيقِىٌّ, and is one of the most approved kinds of مجاز. (TA.) 6 تَحَاْدَثَ see 3, in two places.10 إِسْتَحْدَثَ see 4. b2: You say also, استحدث خَبَرًا He found new tidings or information: (S:) or he gained, or acquired, tidings or information. (A.) رَجُلٌ حِدْثٌ and ↓ حَدُثٌ and ↓ حَدِثٌ and ↓ حِدِّيثٌ (K) and ↓ مُحَدِّثٌ (L) A man of many stories or narratives, (L, K,) and who relates them well: (L:) or ↓ رَجُلٌ حَدُثٌ and ↓ حَدِثٌ signify a man who relates stories, or narratives, well: and رَجُلٌ

↓ حِدِّيثٌ signifies a man of many stories or narratives; (S, A, El-Wá'ee;) but is used by the vulgar to signify a man who relates stories, or narratives, well. (El-Wá'ee, TA.) And you say رَجُلٌ حِدْثُ مُلُوكٍ A man who is a companion of kings in talk (S, A, K) and in their nocturnal conversations: (S:) and حِدْثُ نِسَآءٍ one who talks to women; (S, A;) or who talks with women. (Az, TA in art. تبع.) And ↓ هُوَ حِدِّيثُهُ [He is his story-teller]. (A.) حَدَثٌ A novelty, or new thing; an innovation; a thing not known before: and particularly relating to El-Islám [i. e. to matters of religious doctrine or practice or the like]: (Mgh:) [and so ↓ أَمْرٌ مُحْدَثٌ; for] مُحْدَثَاتُ الأُمُورِ (pl. of مُحْدَثٌ, TA) signifies innovations of people of erroneous opinions, (Msb, TA,) inconsistent with the doctrines, or practices, of the just of preceding times: or what is not known in revealed scripture, nor in the Sunneh, nor in the general conventional tenets of the doctors of the law: and حَدَثٌ, [in like manner,] an innovation that is disapproved, not agreeable with custom, or usage, and not known in the Sunneh. (TA.) ↓ آوَى مُحْدَثًا, occurring in a trad., means He entertained an innovation; [i. e. he embraced, or held, it;] or he was content, or pleased, with it; or he bore it patiently: or, as some say, it is ↓ آوَى مُحْدِثًا, meaning he entertained, or harboured in his dwelling, a criminal, or an offender, and protected him from retaliation. (TA.) b2: Also i. q. ↓ حَادِثَةٌ and ↓ حَدَثَانٌ [in some copies of the S ↓ حِدْثَان] and ↓ حُدْثَى [signifying An accident, an event, a hap, or a casualty: and generally an evil accident or event, a mishap, a misfortune, a disaster, a calamity, or an affliction]: (S:) [the most common of these words is ↓ حَادِثَةٌ; and its pl., حَوَادِثُ, is more common than the sing.:] the pl. of حَدَثٌ is أَحْدَاثٌ. (TA.) أَحْدَاثُ الدَّهْرِ and ↓ حَوَادِثُهُ (A, K) and ↓ حِدْثَانُهُ, (K,) or, as is said by Fr and others, this last is ↓ حَدَثَانُهُ, (TA,) signify The accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune; or the evil accidents, or calamities, of time or fortune. (A, K.) ↓ حَوَادِثُ occurs used as a sing., said to be put by poetic license for ↓ حَدَثَانٌ: and this latter is also used [as a pl.] for حَوَادِثُ: so say Az and AAF: and it is said to be a noun in the sense of حَوَادِثُ الدَّهْرِ and نَوَائِبُ الدَّهْرِ: accord. to Fr, the Arabs say, [using it as a pl.,] أَهْلَكَتْنَا الحَدَثَانُ [The accidents, or evil accidents, of time, or fortune, destroyed us]: some say الحَدَثَانِ, making it dual of حَدَثٌ, and meaning thereby the night and day; like as they say [in the same sense] الجَدِيدَانِ and المَلَوَانِ &c. (TA.) b3: [Hence] حَدَثٌ is a term applied by Sb to The مَصْدَر [or infinitive noun]; because all مصادِر are [significant of] accidents [considered as subsisting in, or proceding from, agents]: and the pl. which he assigns to it in this sense is أَحْدَاثٌ. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The voiding of ordure; or the breaking of wind; syn. إِبْدَآءٌ: (K:) or legal impurity that forbids, or prevents, one's performing prayer &c.: (KT:) or a state annulling legal purity: pl. أَحْدَاثٌ. (Msb.) [See 4.] b5: I. q. وَلِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) [The rain following that called the وَسْمِىّ]: (L:) or الأَحْدَاثُ [pl. of الحَدَثُ] signifies the rains of the commencement, or first part, of the year. (K.) b6: Young, applied to a man, (A, * L, Msb, *) and to a horse or an ass or the like, and a camel, and, accord. to IAar, to a mountain-goat: (L:) pl. أَحْدَاثٌ (A, L, Msb,) and حُدْثَانٌ. (L.) Yousay رَجُلٌ حَدَثٌ, (Th, S, L, &c.,) and ↓ حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ, (Th, S, A, Msb, K,) and حَدَثُ السِّنّ, (IDrd, K, [but this is by some disallowed, as will be seen below,]) A young man: (S, L, Msb, K:) and in the pl. sense you say غِلْمَانٌ أَحْدَاثٌ and حُدْثَانٌ [pls. of حَدَثٌ], (S,) and رِجَالٌ أَحْدَاثُ السِّنِّ and حُدْثَانُ السِّنِّ, [or these, as is implied above, are not allowable,] and حُدَثَآءُ السِّنِّ [pl. of ↓ حَدِيثٌ]. (ISd, TA.) J says, [in the S,] if you mention the سِنّ, you say السِّنِّ ↓ حَدِيثُ [lit. Young of tooth]: and IDrst says, the vulgar say, هُوَ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ, like as you say حديث السِّنِّ; but it is a mistake; for حَدَثٌ is an epithet applied to the man himself, and is originally an inf. n.; one should not apply it as an epithet to the سِنّ nor to the ضِرْس nor to the ناب; but ↓ حَدِيثٌ is an epithet applied to anything recent. (TA.) حَدُثٌ: see حَدَثٌ, first sentence; each in two places.

حَدِثٌ: see حَدَثٌ, first sentence; each in two places.

حَدِثٌ: see حَدَثٌ.

حُدْثَى: see what next follows.

حِدْثَانٌ The first, or beginning, or commencement, of a state, or a case, or an affair; (S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ حَدَاثَةٌ: (S, Mgh, K:) and its freshness; which is also a signification of both these words. (S, Mgh.) So in the saying, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرَ بِحِدْثَانِهِ and ↓ بِحَدَاثَتِهِ [Do thou that thing while it is in its first and fresh state]. (S, Mgh. *) One says also, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى حِدْثَانِ شَبَابِهِ and شبابه ↓ حِدْثَى and شبابه ↓ حَدِيثِ (assumed tropical:) I came to him in the beginning, or first period, of his youth. (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, TA.) and it is said in a trad., addressed to 'Áïsheh, لَوْلَا حِدْثَانُ قَوْمِكِ بِالكُفْرِ لَهَدَمْتُ الكَعْبَةَ وَبَنَيْتُهَا, (Mgh, * TA,) or, as some relate it, قومك ↓ حَدَاثَةُ, which means the same, (Mgh,) i. e. Were it not for the shortness of the period that has elapsed since thy people were in the state of infidelity, I would pull down the Kaabeh, and build it [anew]. (TA.) b2: See also حَدَثٌ, in two places.

حَدَثَانٌ, used as a sing. and as a pl.: see حدثٌ, in three places.

حَدِيثٌ New, recent; (K;) contr. of قَدِيمٌ: (S:) having, or having had, a beginning; existing newly, for the first time, not having been before; as also ↓ حَادِثٌ: (Msb:) brought into existence, caused to be, made, produced, or done, newly, for the first time, not having been before; begun, or originated; invented; innovated; as also ↓ مُحْدَثٌ. (TA.) b2: See حَدَثٌ, last two sentences, in four places. And see حِدْثَانٌ. Yousay also, هُوَ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِالإِسْلَامِ He is, or was, recently become a Muslim. (Msb.) And حَدِيثُو عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرِهِمْ, (TA,) or بِالجَاهِلِيَّةِ, or حَدِيثٌ عَهْدُهُمْ, (Mgh,) Men lately in their state of infidelity [or in the state of paganism or ignorance]; who have but recently ceased to be in their state of infidelity [&c.]. (TA.) A2: Also i. q. خَبَرٌ [Information; a piece of information; intelligence; an announcement; news, or tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narration, or narrative; a story; &c.]; (S, K;) employed to signify little and much; (S;) and ↓ حِدِّيثَى signifies the same: (K:) or a thing, or matter, that is talked of, told, or narrated, and transmitted: (Msb:) [and talk, or discourse:] and [in like manner] ↓ أُحْدُوثَةٌ signifies a thing that is talked of, told, or narrated: (S, K:) or this last signifies a wonderful thing: (IB, TA:) it has been asserted, says MF, that there is no difference between احدوثة and حديث in usage, and in denoting what is good and what is evil; in contradiction to such as say that the former peculiarly signifies that [kind of story] in which there is no profit nor any truth; such as amatory stories, and the like fictions of the Arabs: Fr asserts it to signify peculiarly a laughable and an absurd story; differing from حديث: and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee, in his Expos of the Fs, says that it is only used to denote what is bad, or evil: but Lb replies against him, in his Expos., that it is sometimes used to denote what is good; as in a saying mentioned by Yaakoob, which see below: (TA:) the pl. of حَدِيثٌ is أَحَادِيثُ, contr. to analogy, (S, K,) said by Fr to be pl. of ↓ أُحْدُوثَةٌ, and then used as pl. of حديث, (S,) but IB says that this is not the case; (TA;) and حِدْثَانٌ and حُدْثَانٌ are also pls. of حديث, (K, TA,) sometimes occurring; the latter, rare. (TA.) Yousay, سَمِعْتُ حَدِيثًا حَسَنًا (TA) and حَسَنَةً ↓ حِدِّيثَى (S, A, * TA) [I heard a good story or narrative &c.]; both meaning the same. (TA.) And اِنْتَشَرَ حَسَنَةٌ ↓ لَهُ فِى النَّاسِ أُحْدُوثَةٌ [A good story of him became spread abroad among the people]: a saying mentioned by Yaakoob in his “ Isláh. ” (TA.) And مَلِيحَةٌ ↓ أثحْدُوثَةٌ [A pretty story], and أَحَادِيثُ مِلَاحٌ [pretty stories]. (A.) and ↓ قَدْ صَارَ فُلَانٌ أَحْدُوثَةً [(tropical:) Such a one has become the subject of a story, or of a wonderful story: and in like manner, as is said in the A, صَارُوا أَحَادِيثَ: there said to be tropical]. (IB, TA.) b2: Hence the حَدِيث of the Apostle of God: (Msb:) [i. e.] حَدِيثٌ also signifies A narration of a مُحَدِّث: (L:) [meaning حَدِيثٌ نَبَوِىٌّ, i. e. a tradition, or narration, relating, or describing, a saying or an action &c. of Mo-hammad:] this word and خَبَرٌ both signify a tradition that is traced up to Mohammad, or to a Sahábee, or to a Tábi'ee: (TA in art. رقأ:) or حديث is applied to what comes from the Prophet: خَبَرٌ, to what comes from another than the Prophet; or from him or another: and أَثَرٌ to what comes from a Companion of the Prophet; but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet: (Kull p. 152:) the word in this sense, i. e. the حديث of the Prophet, has for its pl. only أَحَادِيثُ; and therefore Sb mentions it in the category of those words which have pls. anomalously formed; such as عَرُوضٌ, pl. أَعَارِيضُ; and بَاطِلٌ, pl. أَبَاطِيلُ. (TA.) [الحَدِيثَ written at the end of a quotation of a part of a trad. is for اِقْرَأِ الحَدِيثَ Read the tradition.] b3: حَدِيثٌ قُدْسِىٌّ [A holy tradition or narration] means what God has told to his prophet by inspiration, or by a dream, or in sleep, and the prophet has told in his own phraseology: the Kur-án is esteemed above this, because [it is held that] its words also were revealed: (KT:) that of which the words are from the apostle, but the meaning is from God, by inspiration, or by a dream, or in sleep. (Kull p. 288.) حَدَاثَةٌ: see حِدْثَانٌ, in three places. [Hence,] حَدَاثَةُ السِّنِّ (tropical:) Youth; the first period of life. (TA.) حُدَّاثٌ: see مُحَدِّثٌ.

حِدِّيثٌ: see حِدْثٌ, in three places.

حِدِّيثَى: see حَدِيثٌ, in two places.

حَادِثٌ: see حَدِيثٌ, first sentence.

حَادِثَةٌ; and its pl., حَوَادِثُ: see حَدَثٌ, in four places.

أَحْدَثُ More, and most, new, or recent: fem.

حُدْثَى; as in the phrase اِمْرَأَتِى الحُدْثَى, occurring in a trad., My wife who was more, or most, recently married. (TA.) أُحْدُوثَةٌ: see حَدِيثٌ, in five places.

مُحْدَثٌ: see حَدِيثٌ: b2: and see also حَدَثٌ, in two places. b3: Also, applied to a poet, i. q. مُوَلَّدٌ [A post-classical author: itself a post-classical term]. (Mz 49th نوع.) [And المُحْدَثُونَ The moderns; or people of later times; opposed to القُدَمَآءُ.]

مُحْدِثٌ: see حَدَثٌ.

مُحَدَّثٌ A true, or veracious, man: (K:) a man of true opinion: (S:) of true conjecture: (A, TA:) inspired; into whose mind a thing is put, and who tells it conjecturally and with sagacity; as though he were told a thing, and said it: occurring in a trad.: (TA:) such was 'Omar. (A, TA.) مُحَدِّثٌ A teller, or relater, of stories, narratives, or traditions: [and particularly a relater of, or one skilled in, the traditions of Mohammad:] ↓ حُدَّاثٌ in the sense of مُحَدِّثُونَ, signifying a company of men telling, or relating, stories &c., is an anomalous pl., formed by assigning it to the same predicament as words of similar meaning, of which سُمَّارٌ, pl. of سَامِرٌ, is an ex. (L.) See also حِدْثٌ.

أَرْضٌ مَحْدُوثَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land upon which the rain called حَدَث has fallen. (L.)

حرز

Entries on حرز in 15 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Fayyūmī, Al-Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr fī Gharīb al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr, Murtaḍa al-Zabīdī, Tāj al-ʿArūs fī Jawāhir al-Qamūs, Zayn al-Dīn al-Razī, Mukhtār al-Ṣiḥāḥ, and 12 more

حرز

1 حَرُزَ, aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حَرَازَةٌ and حِرْزٌ, (TA,) It (a place, TA) was, or became, fortified, strong, or protected against attack. (K, TA.) A2: حَرِزَ, aor. ـَ He was very pious, or abstinent from unlawful things. (Sgh, K.) A3: حَرَزَهُ: see 4, in three places.2 حرّزهُ: see 4, in two places.4 احرزهُ, inf. n. إِحْرَازٌ, He kept, preserved, or guarded, it; he took care of it; (TA;) as also ↓ حَرَزَهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. حَرْزٌ; (TA;) or the latter is formed by substitution of a letter from حَرَسَهُ: (K:) or the former signifies he put it in a حِرْز [q. v.]; (Mgh, Msb;) and so ↓ the latter: (TA:) and the former, he preserved it from being taken. (TA.) You say, أَحْرَرَهُ فِى

وِعَائِهِ [He kept, or preserved, it in his, or its, receptacle]. (A.) And أَحْرَزْتُ المَتَاعَ I put the goods into the حِرْز. (Msb.) And أَنْفَسَكُمْ ↓ حَرِّزُوا Preserve ye, or guard ye, yourselves: (A:) [or do so strenuously; for it is said that] حرّزهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيزٌ, signifies he took extraordinary pains in keeping, preserving, or guarding, it. (K.) You say also أَحْرَزَتْ فَرْجَهَا She (a woman, TA) guarded her pudendum; (K, TA;) as though she put it in an inaccessible حِرْز. (TA.) and احرز المَكَانُ الرَّجُلَ The place protected the man; afforded him refuge; as also ↓ حرّزهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيزٌ. (TA.) b2: He made it firm, or strong. (KL.) [He fortified it, or protected it against attack: see حَرُزَ.] b3: He drew, collected, or gathered, it together; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ حَرَزَهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. حَرْزٌ. (TA.) Hence, (Msb,) أَحْرَزَ قَصَبَ السَّبْقِ He grasped, or clutched, the winning-canes; he got them for himself: (Msb:) (tropical:) he outstripped; outran; or won the race. (A, TA. See قَصَبٌ.) [Hence also,] أَحْرَزَ الأَجْرَ He took, received, or got possession of, the recompense, reward, hire, pay, or wages; syn. حَازَهُ. (K.) Whence the prov., أَحْرَزْتُ نَهْبِى وَ أَبْتَغِى

النَّوَافِلَ [I have gained my spoil, and I seek the superabundant gain]: originally said by Aboo-Bekr: he used to perform the prayer called الوتر in the beginning of the night, and to say these words; meaning, that he had performed his وِتْر, and was safe from its escaping his observance, and that he had gained his recompense for it; and if he awoke in the night, would perform the supererogatory prayers. (TA.) You say also, أَحْرَزَ الخَطَرَ [He won the bet]. (A in art. خطر.) 5 تحرّز مِنْهُ: see 8.8 احترز He prepared himself; he was, or became, in a state of preparation. (Msb in art. حذر.) b2: احترز مِنْهُ, and منه ↓ تحرّز, He guarded against it; was cautious of it; syn. تَوَقَّاهُ, (S,) or تَوَقَّى مِنْهُ, (K,) and تَحَفَّظَ مِنْهُ; (A, Msb;) namely, a thing; (S, Msb;) or an enemy: (A:) as though he put himself into a حِرْز to secure himself therefrom. (TA.) 10 اُسْتُحْرِزَ It was, or remained, [or was preserved,] in the [or in a] حِرْز [or place of custody, &c.]. (A.) حِرْزٌ A place that is fortified, strong, or protected against attack: (S, Mgh, K:) or a place in which a thing is kept, preserved, or guarded; a place of custody or protection: (Msb:) or a place or other thing that protects a man: or a place or other thing that is held in one's possession (حِيزَ), or to which one betakes himself for refuge or protection: (TA:) pl. أَحْرَازٌ. (Msb, TA.) You say, هُوَ فِى حِرْزٍ لَا يُــوصَلُ إِلَيْهِ He is in a place of protection to which there is no access. (TA.) And هَتَكَ السَّارِقُ الحِرْزَ [The thief broke into the place of custody]. (A.) A2: [Hence,] An amulet, or a charm, bearing an inscription, which is hung upon a person to charm him against the evil eye &c.; syn. تَعْوِيذٌ, (S,) or عُوذَةٌ: (A, K:) pl. as above. (A.) A3: A share, or portion: pl. as above: you say, أَخَذَ حِرْزَهُ He took, or received, his share, or portion. (A, TA.) حَرِيزٌ A place fortified, strong, or protected against attack; (A, TA;) as also ↓ مُحْرَزٌ. (TA.) You say, حِرْزٌ حَرِيزٌ (S, Msb, TA) A strong fortified place: (TA:) the latter word is a corroborative. (Msb.) [See also حَارِزٌ. Hence,] لَا حَرِيزَ مِنْ بَيْعٍ [There is nothing kept from sale]: (A, TA:) a prov.; (TA;) meaning, if thou give me a price that I approve, I will sell to thee. (A, TA.) [Hence also,] حَرَائِزُ [a pl.] Camels that are not sold, because of their preciousness. (K.) And فُلَانٌ حَرِيزٌ مِنْ هٰذَا Such a one is a person who keeps aloof from, or shuns, this. (A.) b2: A recompense or the like, taken, received, or got possession of; as also ↓ مُحْرَزٌ. (TA.) حَارِزٌ occurs in a trad., in a form of prayer; اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْنَا فِى حِرْزٍ حَارِزٍ, meaning O God, place us in a protecting asylum. (TA.) مُحْرَزٌ: see حَرِيزٌ, in two places.

حمز

Entries on حمز in 13 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim bin Salām al-Harawī, Gharīb al-Ḥadīth, and 10 more

حمز

1 حَمَزَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْزٌ, It (milk) was, or became, sour, [so as to burn, or bite, the tongue; and so, app., حَمُزَ, inf. n. حَمَازَةٌ; (see حَمْزٌ, below;) or] in a less degree than such as is termed حَازِرٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] حَمُزَ, inf. n. حَمَازةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. (S, * K, * TA.) A2: حَمَزَ اللِّسَانَ, aor. ـِ It (beverage, or wine,) stung, or bit, the tongue: (S, K:) or it (milk, and نَبِيذ,) burned the tongue by its strength and sharpness. (Mgh.) b2: and حَمَزَهُ, aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. حَمْزٌ, (K,) He took it, seized or grasped it, contracted it, or drew it together; syn. قَبَضَهُ, (K, * TA,) and ضَمَّهُ. (TA.) See حَمُوزٌ. You say, حَمَزَتِ الكَلِمَةُ فُؤَادَهُ (tropical:) The saying contracted his heart, (Lh, A, TA,) and grieved him, (Lh, TA,) or pained him. (TA.) b3: Also, (A, TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) and so the inf. n., (K,) (tropical:) He sharpened it; (A, K, * TA;) namely, an iron instrument, (TA,) an arrow-head or the like. (A.) So in the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.) حَمْزٌ Acritude of a thing; a quality, or property, like that of burning, or biting, (S, * K, * TA,) such as the taste of mustard: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ حَمَازَةٌ signifies the quality, or property, of burning, and sharpness; as in beverage, or wine: (TA:) and ↓ حَمْزةٌ a sourness in milk, with a biting of the tongue; (A;) or a sourness in milk, less than that of milk which is termed حَازِرٌ. (TA.) حَمْزَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حَمُوزٌ, applied to the beverage termed نَبِيذ, [app. when it is in a state of fermentation,] Digestive. (Fr, TA.) b2: ↓ إِنَّهُ لَحَمُوزٌ لِمَا حَمَزَهُ means Verily he is one who keeps, or guards, or takes care of, prudently, or effectually, what he has collected together. (K.) [To the explanation in the K (ضَابِطٌ لِمَا ضَمَّهُ) is added in the TA, ومحتمل له, app. a mistranscription for وَمُحْتَفِلٌ بِهِ and one who manages it well.]

رَجُلٌ حَمِيزُ الفُؤَادِ, and ↓ حَامِزُهُ, (assumed tropical:) A strong-hearted man: (S, TA:) or a man who is active, sharp or quick in intellect, clever, ingenious, or acute in mind, (K, TA,) and strong-hearted. (TA.) b2: And ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) A man contrasted in heart. (TA.) حَمَازَةٌ: see حَمْزٌ.

حَامِزٌ Sour, (TA,) and burning, or biting, to the tongue, or acrid; (A, TA;) applied to beverage, or wine: (A:) and milk that bites the tongue: (A:) or milk, and نَبِيذ, that burns the tongue by its strength and sharpness. (Mgh.) You say also رُمَّانَةٌ حَامِزَةٌ, A pomegranate in which is sourness. (A, K.) b2: هَمٌّ حَامِزٌ (assumed tropical:) Intense, or severe, anxiety. (TA.) And حُزَّازٌ حَامِزٌ (S, TA) (assumed tropical:) A wringing, or poignant and burning, pain in the heart, such as arises from wrath &c. (TA.) b3: See also حَمِيز, in two places.

أَفْضَلُ الأَعْمَالِ أَحْمَزُهَا (tropical:) The most excellent of deeds is the strongest, or most powerful: (S, K, * TA:) or the most painful (A, Mgh, TA) and distressing: (Mgh, TA:) from حَامِزٌ, applied to milk and to نَبِيذ, signifying “ that burns the tongue by reason of its strength: ” (Mgh:) a trad., related by I'Ab; (S, TA;) said by Mo-hammad. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ أَحْمَزُ أَمْرًا مِنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one is in harder, or more difficult, circumstances (أَشَدُّ أَمْرًا) than such a one: (TA:) or [more] contracted in circumstances. (ISk, TA.) رَجُلٌ مَحْمُوزُ البَنَانِ, A man strong in the tips, or ends, of the fingers: (S, K, TA:) occurring in a verse of Aboo-Khirásh: (S:) but [SM says,] what I read in a poem of that author is مَحْمُوزُ القِطَاع, meaning, hard and pointed in the arrowheads. (TA.)

حذف

Entries on حذف in 19 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Abū Mūsā al-Madīnī, al-Majmūʿ al-Mughīth fī Gharībay al-Qurʾān wa-l-Ḥadīth, Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim bin Salām al-Harawī, Gharīb al-Ḥadīth, Habib Anthony Salmone, An Advanced Learner's Arabic-English Dictionary, and 16 more

حذف

1 حَذَفَهُ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَذْفٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He cut it off: (Mgh, Msb:) or he cut it [so as to lessen it] at its extremity; (TA;) he cut off somewhat from the extremity of it; he curtailed it; as, for instance, the tail of a beast: (Lth, TA:) and he made it to fall; dropped it; rejected it. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) One says, حَذَفْتُ مِنْ شَعَرِى, (S,) or من شَعَرِهِ, (Msb, K, *) and من ذَنَبِ الدَّابَّةِ, (S, Msb,) [شَيْئًا being understood,] I took, or cut off, [somewhat] from my hair, [or his hair,] and from the tail of the beast; (S, K; *) I clipped it. (Msb.) And حَذَفَ الشَّعَرَ [He clipped the hair]: said of a cupper. (TA.) And ↓ احتذف الثَّوْبَ He cut off a piece from the garment, or cloth. (TA.) And حَذَفْتُ رَأْسَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ I cut off a portion of his head with the sword: (IF, Msb:) I struck his head with the sword and cut off a portion of it. (S.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He elided it, struck it off or out, or rejected it; namely, a letter, [and a syllable,] from a word: (MA, PS:) he omitted it. (MA.) [(assumed tropical:) He suppressed it; namely, a word of a proposition or sentence.] And حَذَفَ السَّلَامَ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He made the salutation to be light [of utterance], and concise; (K, TA;) i. e., the salutation in prayer. (TA.) And حَذَفَ فِى قَوْلِهِ, (Msb,) and فى الأَذَانِ, and القِرَآءَةِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) He was concise, (Mgh, Msb,) and quick, in his saying, (Msb,) and in the call to prayer, and the recitation, or reading. (Mgh.) b3: حَذَفَهُ بِالعَصَا He struck him, or beat him, with the staff, or stick: (TA:) and he cast, or threw, at him the staff, or stick. (S, K, TA.) It is said in a prov. of the Arabs, mentioned by Sb, إِيَّاكُمْ وَ أَنْ يَحْذِفَ أَحَدُكُمُ الأَرْنَبَ, i. e. [Beware ye] lest any one of you cast at, or shoot, the hare: because this animal is of evil omen. (TA. [But the reading there given is ايّاى: an evident mistranscription.]) Or حَذَفَهُ, inf. n. as above, signifies He struck, or he cast at, or shot, him, or it, from one side. (Lth, TA.) b4: [Hence,] حَذَفَ فُلَانًا بِجَائِزَةٍ (tropical:) He gave such a one a gift. (Z, K.) b5: And حَذَفَ بِهَا (assumed tropical:) He broke wind. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b6: حَذَفَ فِى مَشْيَتِهِ He moved about his side and his hinder parts (in the CK he moved about his hinder parts and his shoulderjoint) in his gait: and (in the CK “ or ”) he went with short steps. (En-Nadr, K, TA.) 2 حذّفهُ, [inf. n. تَحْذِيفٌ,] He clipped it much: he took, or cut off, from its lateral parts, whatever it was, so as to make it even: (Msb:) he (a workman, or an artificer,) made it (a thing) becomingly even; as though he cut off from it whatever required to be cut off, so that it became free from everything unseemly, and was nicely, neatly, or properly, trimmed. (A, TA.) تَحْذِيفُ الشَّعَرِ [or الرَّأْسِ] signifies The cutting of the hair so as to form a طُرَّة [q. v.], by taking from its sides so as to make it even [with the cut portion over the forehead]; (T, Mgh;) as is done by, or to, a girl: (Mgh:) or تحذيف الرأس is a custom of women, consisting in the removing of the hair from [the sides of] the head as far as a line upon the side of the face made by putting one end of a string, or thread, upon the top of the ear, and the other end upon the angle of the جَبِين [or part above the temple]: (Msb:) accord. to En-Nadr, the تحذيف of the طُرَّة is the making a [طرّة such as is termed] سُكَيْنِيَّة, [i. e., after the fashion of Sukeyneh the daughter of El-Hoseyn, as is shown in the S and K &c. in art. سكن,] like as do the Christians. (L, TA.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He prepared it; or put it into a right, or good, state; and made it; or made it skilfully, or well. (S, K, TA.) 8 إِحْتَذَفَ see 1.

حَذَفٌ Small, black sheep or goats, (S, Msb, K,) of El-Hijáz; (S, K;) or of Jurash, (ISh, K, TA,) of El-Yemen, small, with short, or short and fine, wool or hair, (ISh, TA,) without tails and without ears: (ISh, K, TA:) or the young ones of sheep or goats, in general: and metaphorically applied to (tropical:) gazelles: (TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, Msb.) b2: A certain kind of bird: (Sgh, K:) or small بَطّ [or ducks]: (K:) like [or likened to] the sheep, or goats, thus called: it is said by IDrd to be not a genuine Arabic word. (TA.) b3: The small زَاغ [or rook], which is eaten; (Lth, K;) the small black birds of the crow-kind, called زِيغَان [pl. of زاغ], which are eaten: n. un. with ة. (ISh, TA.) A2: The leaves of seed-produce, (L,) or of grain. (O, K.) حِذْفَةٌ A piece cut off from a garment. (L, TA.) حُذَفَةٌ Short: applied to a woman: (Sgh, K:) and to a ewe. (Sgh.) أُذُنٌ حَذْفَآءُ An ear that is as though it were clipped, or cut off. (K, TA.) حُذَافَةُ Clippings, or what one cuts off, of a hide, (Lh, S, Sgh, K,) &c: (S, Sgh, K:) or what is cut off, of a thing, and thrown away. (TA.) — [Hence,] one says, مَا فِى رَحْلِهِ حُذَافَةٌ (tropical:) There is not in his travelling-utensils any food: (S, Sgh, K:) or any small quantity of food &c. (Z, TA.) And أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ فَمَا تَرَكَ مِنْهُ حُذَافَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [He ate the food, and left not of it anything]. (ISk, S.) And اِحْتَمَلَ رَحْلَهُ فَمَا تَرَكَ مِنْهُ حُذَافَةً (assumed tropical:) [He took up and carried away his travelling-apparatus, and left not of it anything]. (ISk, S.) Accord. to the companions of A' Obeyd, the word is حذافة, with ق; but this is disallowed by Sh; and is wrong. (Az, TA.) الحَذَّافَةُ The anus, or the podex; syn. الاِسْتُ. (K.) حَاذِفٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. b2: You say, هُمْ مَا بَيْنَ حَاذِفٍ وَ قَاذِفٍ, i. e. [They are partly, or in part,] beating with the staff, or stick, and [partly, or in part,] pelting with stones; [or some beating &c., and the others pelting &c.] (TA in the present art.; and S and TA in art. قذف, but without مَا before بين.) رَجُلٌ مُحَذَّفُ الكَلَامِ (tropical:) A man chastened, good, free from every fault, in respect of speech: and you say also مُحَذَّفَةُ الكلامِ; in which the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification: the latter occurring in a trad. (TA.)

حرف

Entries on حرف in 21 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, and 18 more

حرف

1 حَرَفَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, (AO, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) or ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْفٌ, (S, Msb,) He turned the thing from its proper way, or manner: (K:) or altered it therefrom: (Msb:) and ↓ حرّفهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيفٌ, has this latter meaning: (K, * TA:) or has an intensive signification of this kind. (Msb.) الكَلِمِ عَنْ ↓ تَحْرِيفُ مَوَاضِعِهِ signifies The altering words from their proper meanings: (S, * TA:) and agreeably with this explanation, the verb is used in the Kur iv. 48, &c.: (TA:) or تحريف signifies the perverting of language: (Msb:) or the altering a word in form; as in writing بُرْدٌ for بَرْدٌ; or vice versâ: (KT:) [and the mistranscribing a word in any manner: commonly used in this sense in the lexicons &c.: or the altering a word by substituting one letter, or more, for another, or others. See also صَحَّفَ.]

A2: See also 7.

A3: حَرَفَ لِعِيَالِهِ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (As, S, K,) or ـُ (Msb,) He earned or gained [subsistence], or laboured to do so, for his family, or household, (As, S, Msb, K,) from this and that quarter; (As, S;) as also ↓ احترف: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) and بِيَدَيْهِ ↓ احترف [he earned, or gained, with his hands]: and لِعِيَالِهِ ↓ تحرّف he applied himself to earn or gain [subsistence] for his family, or household, by means of any, or every, art or craft: (TA:) and ↓ احرف he laboured, or sought gain or sustenance, for his household, or family; expl. by كَدَّ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ. (IAar, K.) A4: حَرَفَ عَيْنُهُ, inf. n. حَرْفَةٌ, (K,) not an inf. n. of un., (TA,) He applied collyrium to his eye (K, TA) with the [style called] مِيل. (TA.) A5: حُرِفَ فِى مَالِهِ, inf. n. حَرْفَةٌ, He suffered the loss of somewhat of his property. (Lh, K.) 2 حَرَّفَ see 1, in two places. b2: [Hence,] طَاعُونٌ يُحَرِّفُ القُلُوبَ [A pestilence] causing the hearts [of those witnessing its effects] to turn away, and be aloof: (K:) occurring in a trad.: or, accord. to one relation, يُحَوِّفُ القلوب, (TA,) i. e., turning the hearts from confidence, and inclining them to removal and flight. (K and TA in art. حوف.) b3: تَحْرِيفُ القَلَمِ The nibbing the writing-reed obliquely; (S, * K, * TA;) making the right tooth of the nib higher [i. e. longer] than the left. (TA.) You say also, حَرَّفَ القَطَّةَ [He made the nibbing oblique]. (TA.) and حرّف السِّكِّينَ فِى حَالِ القَطِّ [He turned the knife obliquely in nibbing]. (TA.) b4: See also 7. b5: تَحْرِيفٌ also signifies The putting in motion, or into a state of commotion; syn. تَحْرِيكٌ. (TA.) b6: قَالَ بِيَدِهِ فَحَرَّفَهَا كَأَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ القَتْلَ, in a trad., means [He made a sign with his hand,] and imitated with it the cutting of a sword with its edge. (TA.) 3 حُورِفَ He was debarred from the means of subsistence; because he of whom this is said is aloof (بِحَرْفٍ) from the means of subsistence. (Mgh.) And حُورِفَ كَسْبُ فُلَانٍ Such a one was made to experience difficulty (S, TA) in his buying and selling, and was straitened (TA) in his means of subsistence; as though his means of subsistence were turned away from him: (S, TA:) or he had his gain, or earnings, turned away from him. (Msb.) It is said in a trad. of Ibn-Mes'ood, مَوْتُ المُؤْمِنِ عَرَقُ الجَبِينِ تَبْقَى عَلَيْهِ البَقِيَّةِمِنَ الذُّنُوبِ فَيُحَارِفُ بِهَا عِنْدَ المَوْتِ, i. e. [The death of the believer is accompanied with sweating of the side of the forehead: some sins remain chargeable against him, and] he is made to experience difficulty by them [in dying], in order that his sins may be diminished. (S.) A2: مُحَارَفَةٌ has also a meaning like مُفَاخَرَةٌ: Sá'ideh says, فَقَدْ عَلِمُوا فِى الغَزْوِ كَيْفَ نُحَارِفُ [And they certainly know, in warfare, how we vie for superiority in glory: or] accord. to Skr, it means how we deal with them; as when one says to a man, What is thy حِرْفَة (i. e. thine occupation) and thy lineage? (TA:) [or the meaning may be how we requite; for]

A3: حارفهُ بِسُوْءٍ signifies He requited him for evil (K, TA) that he had done. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ العَبْدِ لَيُحَارَفُ عَنْ عَمَلِهِ الخَيْرَ أَوْ الشَّرَّ, i. e. [Verily the servant] shall be requited [for his deed; the good I mean, or the evil]. (IAar, TA.) And ↓ احرف also signifies He requited for good or evil. (IAar, K.) A4: مُحَارَفَةٌ signifies also The measuring a wound with the مِحْرَاف, i. e. the probe. (K, * TA.) 4 احرف: see 1. b2: Also, (inf. n. إِحْرَافٌ, Msb,) His مال [or cattle] increased, and became in a good state or condition. (Az, S, Msb, K.) One says, جَآءَ بِالحَقِ وَالإِحْرَافِ, meaning He came with, or brought, much cattle. (Az, S. [See حِلْقٌ.]) A2: He emaciated, or rendered lean, a she-camel: so says As: others say احرث. (S.) [See حَرْفٌ: and see حَرِيثَةٌ.]

A3: See also 3, last sentence but one.5 تَحَرَّفَ see 7: b2: and see also 1.7 انحرف [It became turned, or altered, from its proper way, or manner; quasi-pass. of 1 in the first of the senses explained above: and] he turned aside; (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تحرّف; (Az, S, Mgh, K;) and ↓ احرورف; (Az, S, K;) and ↓ حَرَفَ, inf. n. حَرْفٌ; (TA;) عَنْهُ from it. (Az, S, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] one says, انحرف مِزَاجَهُ [His temperament, or constitution, became disordered]; as also ↓ حَرَّفَ, [app. a mistranscription for حُرِّفَ,] inf. n. تَحْرِيفٌ. (TA.) [And انحرف عَلَيْهِ He turned against him, with enmity, or anger.] And انحرف إِلَيْهِ He turned to, or towards, him, or it. (TA.) 8 إِحْتَرَفَ see 1, in two places.12 إِحْرَوْرَفَ see 7.

حَرْفٌ The extremity, verge, border, margin, brink, brow, side, or edge, (S, Mgh, * K, TA,) of anything; (S, K;) as, for instance, the side of a river or rivulet, and of a ship or boat, (TA,) and of the notch of an arrow; (Msb;) and the edge of a sword: (L, TA:) pl. [of mult. حُرُوفٌ, and of pauc.] أَحْرُفٌ. (TA.) Hence, (S,) [A point, a ridge, a brow, and a ledge, of a mountain:] the pointed, sharp, or edged, summit of a mountain: (S, Msb, K:) a projecting portion in the side of a mountain, in form like a small دُكَّان [i. e. bench] or the like: and a portion in the summit of a mountain, having a thin edge, or ridge, rising above the upper part of the back: (Sh, TA:) pl. (of the word thus used in relation to a mountain, TA) حِرَفٌ; (Fr, S, Msb, K;) accord. to Fr, (Msb,) the only instance of the kind except طِلَلٌ as pl. of طَلٌّ. (Msb, K.) [Hence, also,] A nib, of a writing-reed, obliquely cut: so in the phrase قَلَمٌ لَا حَرْفَ لَهُ, in the S and K in art. جزم, a writingreed not having a nib obliquely cut. (TA in that art. [See 2 in the present art.]) And حَرْفَا الرَّأْسِ The two lateral halves of the head. (TA.) [Hence, also, the phrase] فُلَانٌ عَلَى حَرْفٍ مِنْ

أَمْرِهِ [and بِحَرْفٍ مِنْهُ (see 3, first sentence,)] Such a one is [standing] aloof with respect to his affair, (عَلَى نَاحِيَةٍ مِنْهُ, ISd, TA,) [in suspense,] waiting, and looking to the result, if he see, in regarding it from one side, what he likes; (TA;) turning from it if he see what does not please him. (ISd, TA.) The saying, in the Kur xxii. 11, وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ اللّٰهَ عَلَى حَرْفٍ means And of men is he who serves God standing aloof with respect to religion, in a fluctuating state, like him who is in the outskirts of the army, who, if sure of victory and spoil, stands firm, and otherwise flees: (Ksh, Bd: *) or the meaning is, who serves God in doubt, or suspense, (Zj, K, Jel,) being unsteady like him who alights and abides upon the حَرْف [i. e. point, or ridge, or brow,] of a mountain: (Jel:) or in a state of disquietude respecting his case; (Ibn-'Arafeh, K;) i. e. not entering into the religion firmly, or steadily: (K:) or who serves God in one mode of circumstances; i. e. when in ample circumstances, and not when straitened in circumstances; (Az, S, K;) as though good fortune and plenty were one side, and an evil state were another side: (Az, TA:) [hence,] حَرْفٌ sometimes signifies a mode, or manner, and a way. (Msb.) b2: A letter of the alphabet: pl. حُرُوفٌ: (S, Msb, K:) the letters being thus called because they are the extremities of the word [and of the syllable]. (Kull.) The saying of the lawyers, تُبْطَلُ الصَّلَاةَ بِحَرْفٍ مُفْهِمٍ [Prayer is made null by a significant letter] means only by an imperative of a verb of which the first and last radical letters are infirm; such as فِ from وَفَى, and قِ from وَقَى, and the like. (Msb.) b3: As a grammatical term, (assumed tropical:) [A particle; i. e.] what is used to express a meaning, and is not a noun nor a verb: every other definition of it is bad: (K:) pl. حُرُوفٌ. (Msb, &c.) b4: And (tropical:) A word [absolutely: often used in this sense in lexicons &c.]. (Kull.) b5: A dialect, an idiom, or a mode of expression, peculiar to certain of the Arabs: pl. [of pauc.]

أَحْرُفٌ: so in the saying (of Mohammad, TA) نَزَلَ القُرْآنُ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ The Kur-án has been revealed according to seven dialects, of the dialects of the Arabs: (A'Obeyd, Az, IAth, K:) or this means, according to seven modes, or manners, (Mgh, Msb,) of reading: whence فُلَانٌ يَقْرَأُ بِحَرْفِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ Such a one reads in the manner of reading of Ibn-Mes'ood. (Mgh.) A2: Applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) Lean, or light of flesh; or lean, and lank in the belly; (S, K;) and firm, strong, or hardy; likened to the حَرْف of a mountain; (S;) or to the حرف of a sword, (Z, O, TA,) in respect of her leanness, or thinness, and her sharpness and effectiveness in pace; (Z, TA;) or to a letter of the alphabet, meaning the letter ا, in respect of her leanness: (TA:) or excellent, or high-bred, or strong and light and swift, sharp and effective in pace, rendered lean by journeyings; likened to the حرف of a sword: (L:) or emaciated: (S, K:) so As used to say: (S:) but this is inconsistent with Dhu-r-Rummeh's description of a she-camel by the epithets جُمَالِيَّةٌ حَرْفٌ سِنَادٌ: (TA:) [see حَرِيثَةٌ:] or [in the CK “ and ”] great; big; of great size; (K, TA;) likened to the حرف of a mountain: (TA:) it is applied only to a she-camel: one may not say جَمَلٌ حَرْفٌ. (IAar, TA.) حُرْفٌ and ↓ حِرْفَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ حُرْفَةٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ حِرَافٌ (TA) Ill-fatedness; privation of prosperity; or the being denied prosperity; syn. حِرْمَانٌ [as inf. n. of حُرِمَ]: (K, TA:) lack of good fortune, so that one has no increase of his cattle or other property: (S:) debarment from the means of subsistence. (Mgh.) Hence the saying of 'Omar, أَحَدِهِمْ أَشَدُّ عَلَىَّ مِنْ عَيْلَتِهِ ↓ لِحِرْفَةُ, (S, K,) or, accord. to one reading, ↓ لَحُرْفَةُ, (TA,) [Verily the ill-fatedness of any one of them is more distressing to me than his poverty:] i. e., the supplying the wants of the poor man is easier to me than the making the bad to thrive: or the meaning is, the want of the means of gaining subsistence by any one of them, and grief on that account, is more distressing to me than his poverty: so in the Nh. (TA.) A2: الحُرْفُ A certain grain, resembling الخَرْدَل [or mustard]; (Az, Msb, TA;) called by the vulgar, (AHn, TA,) or in the dial. of El-'Irák, (TA in art. رشد,) حَبُّ الرَّشَادِ, (AHn, S, K,) or الرَّشَادُ: (Msb:) n. un. with ة, (TA,) applied to a single grain thereof. (Msb.) [See art. رشد.] Hence حِرِّيفٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb.) حُرْفَةٌ: see حُرْفٌ, in two places.

حِرْفَةٌ A craft, or handicraft, (S, K, TA,) by which one gains his subsistence; a mode, or manner, of gain; any habitual work or occupation of a man; because he turns (يَنْحَرِفُ, K, i. e. يَمِيلُ, TA) to it; (K, TA;) a subst. from اِحْتَرَفَ: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. حِرَفٌ. (TA.) A2: See also حُرْفٌ, in two places.

حُرْفِىٌّ A seller of الحُرْف, i. e. حَبّ الرَّشَاد. (K.) حِرَافٌ: see حُرْفٌ.

حَرِيفٌ A fellow-worker, syn. مُعَامِلٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) in one's craft or ordinary occupation: (K:) and an associate: (KL:) pl. حُرَفَآءُ. (Msb.) b2: It is mostly used by foreigners as meaning A companion in drinking: and by most of the Turks, as implying vituperation; [like our term “ fel-low; ”] so that when any one of them addresses another by this epithet, he is angry. (TA.) حَرَافَةٌ The quality, or property, of burning, or biting, the tongue; acritude. (S, Msb, TA.) حِرِّيفٌ, from الحُرْفُ, Burning, or biting, to the tongue: (S, Msb, TA:) it is applied in this sense to an onion, and to other things: one should not say حَرِّيفٌ. (S, TA.) مَحْرِفٌ A place to which to turn away, or back, from a thing. (AO, S, K.) So in the saying, مَالِى عَنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَحْرِفٌ [I have no place to which to turn away, or back, from this thing]. (AO, S, K. *) b2: Also, and ↓ مُحْتَرَفٌ, A place in which a man earns or gains [subsistence], or labours to do so, and employs himself as he pleases, or follows his various pursuits. (K.) مُحْرِفٌ A man whose property increases, and becomes in a good state or condition; or whose cattle increase &c. (S, Msb.) مِحْرَفٌ: see مِحْرَافٌ.

مِحْرَفَةٌ: see مِحْرَافٌ.

مُحَرَّفٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v. b2: ] One whose property has gone. (TA.) b3: A writing-reed nibbed obliquely; having the right tooth of the nib higher [i. e. longer] than the left. (TA.) مُحَرِّفُ القُلُوبِ, applied to God, The Turner, or Incliner, of hearts: or the Mover of hearts: (TA:) or the Remover of hearts. (Fr, TA voce مُحَرِّك, q. v.) مِحْرَافٌ (S, L, K) and ↓ مِحْرَفٌ, (L, TA,) or ↓ مِحْرَفَةٌ, (Akh, TA,) A probe with which the depth of a wound is measured: (S, L, K:) pl. of the first مَحَارِيفُ; and [of the second, or,] accord. to Akh, of the last, مَحَارِفُ. (TA.) مُحَارَفٌ Prevented, or withheld, from obtaining good; withheld from good fortune, or from sustenance; denied, or refused, good, or prosperity; lacking good fortune; having no increase of his cattle or other property; (S, Mgh, * K; *) contr. of مُبَارَكٌ: (S:) or having his gain, or earnings, turned away from him: (Msb:) or who obtains not good from a quarter to which he betakes himself: or scanted in his means of subsistence: or who works not, or labours not, to earn, or gain: or who earns, or gains, with his hands, but not enough for the support of himself and his household or family: (TA:) مُخَارَفٌ and مُجَارَفٌ are dial. vars. thereof. (TA in art. خرف.) مُحْتَرَفٌ: see مَحْرِفٌ.

مُحْتَرِفٌ A handicraftsman; a worker with his hands. (S, TA.) مُتَحَرِّفًا لِقِتَالٍ, in the Kur [viii. 16], means Turning away for the purpose of returning to fight: the doing which is one of the stratagems of war. (Mgh, Msb. *)

حجل

Entries on حجل in 16 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim bin Salām al-Harawī, Gharīb al-Ḥadīth, and 13 more

حجل

1 حَجَلَ, aor. ـُ and حَجِلَ, inf. n. حَجَلَانٌ (S, K) and حَجْلٌ, (K,) He walked having his legs shackled: (S:) or he raised one leg, and went slowly on the other leg: (M, K:) or he went with short steps, like him who has his legs shackled: (Ham p. 221:) and he raised one leg, and hopped on the other: (TA:) it is said of a bird: (S:) and it means, (S, K,) in like manner, (S,) as also ↓ حجّل, (TA,) he leaped in going; (S, K, TA;) said of a crow, or raven; (K, TA;) as leaps (يَحْجُلُ) the camel that is hocked [in one leg] upon three legs, and the boy upon one leg or upon two. (S.) A2: حَجَلَتْ عَيْنُهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حُجُولٌ; (K;) and ↓ حجّلت, (As, S. K,) inf. n. تَحْجِيلٌ; (As, S;) His eye sank, or became depressed, in his head; (As, S, K;) said of a man, and of a camel, and of a horse: (TA:) and ↓ حَوْجَلَ, alone, signifies the same; (Ibn-' Abbád, K;) said of a man. (Ibn-' Abbád, TA.) A3: حُجِلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ, inf. n. حَجْلٌ, An obstacle was made to intervene between him, or it, and him, or it. (K.) 2 حَجَّلَ [حجّل, inf. n, تَحْجِيلٌ, originally, He ornamented a woman, or her legs, with anklets: and he shackled a man, or a man's legs: see حِجْلٌ. b2: And hence,] حُجِّلَتْ قَوَائِمُهُ, inf. n. تَحْجِيلٌ, said of a horse, His legs were white in the lower parts, the whiteness extending [upwards] beyond the pasterns but not extending beyond the knees and hocks; because they [the lower parts of the leg] are the places of the احجال, i. e., the anklets, and the shackles. (S, TA.) [See تَحْجِيلٌ explained as a simple subst., below.] b3: [Hence also,] حَجَّلَتْ بَنَانَهَا She (a woman) coloured the dye of her fingers, or of the extremities of her fingers. (K, TA.) In the copies of the T, لَوَّثَتْ is put in the place of لَوَّنَتْ, app. by a mistake. (TA.) b4: [Hence also,] تَحْجِيلٌ in the وُضُوْء signifies The washing a portion of the عَضُد [or upper arm, perhaps a mistake for the ذِرَاع, or fore arm,] and a portion of the shank, while washing the hand and foot. (Msb.) b5: [Hence also,] حُجّلَ المقْرَى, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) A little milk, as much as the measure of the تَحْجِيل of a horse, was poured into the bowl for the guest, or guests, and then the bowl was filled up with water; this being done in a case of dearth, or drought, and want of milk: (K, * TA:) or, accord. to As, it means the bowl for the guest, or guests, was concealed in the حَجَلَة, through niggardliness, in order that the owners might drink its contents. (TA.) b6: [Hence also, as تَحْجِيلٌ renders a horse conspicuous,] حَجَّلَ فُلَانٌ أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one made his case, or affair, notorious, or public. (TA.) b7: See also 1, first sentence.

A2: حَجَّلَهَا, inf. n. as above, He made for her a حَجَلَة: (M, K:) or he brought her, or put her, therein. (O, K.) b2: [And hence حجّل signifies also He concealed a thing in the حَجَلَة: see above.]

A3: See also 1, second sentence.4 احجل البَعِيرَ He loosed the camel's shacklefrom his left fore leg, and fastened it upon the right: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to the M, he loosed it from his right fore leg, and fastened it upon the left. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 حَوْجَلَ: see 1.

حَجْلٌ: see what next follows.

حِجْلٌ and ↓ حَجْلٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حِجِلٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ حِجِلٌّ (K) An anklet; or a pair of anklets; syn. خَلْخَالٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and the first and second (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and third, as some say, (K,) by a metaphor, (Msb,) (tropical:) a shackle; or a pair of shackles, or hobbles; syn. قَيْدٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and (assumed tropical:) the two rings of the قَيْد: (K:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَحْحَالٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حَجُولٌ. (Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, ↓ فِى سَاقَيْهَا حِجِلٌّ [or حِجْلٌ &c.] Upon her legs are anklets. (TA.) And القُيُودُ حُجُولُ الرِّجَالِ وَالحُجُولُ لِرَبَّاتِ الحِجَالِ, i. e. Shackles are the anklets of men; and anklets are [for the mistresses of the curtained canopies, i. e.,] for women. (TA.) And خَرَجَ يَجُرُّ رِجْلَيْهِ وَيُطَابِقُ فِى حِجْلَيْهِ [He went forth dragging his legs, and hobbling in his shackles]. (TA.) and [hence] فَرَسٌ بَادٍ حُجُولُهُ i. q. مُحَجَّلٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: Also, the first, Whiteness: (M, K:) pl. أَحْجَالٌ. (K.) حَجَلٌ [The partridge; or partridges; comprising several species, of which those most commonly known appear to be identical with the Barbary partridge and the Greek partridge; both red-legged: accord. to Forskål, ( “ Descr. Animal.,” pp. vii. and 11,) applied both to this bird, tetrao perdix, and also to the phasianus meleagris:] a well-known bird; (Msb;) i. q. قَبْجٌ: (ISh, S:) or the male of the قَبْج: (K:) or the females of the يَعَاقِيب [pl. of يَعْقُوبٌ, q. v.]: (Lth:) also called دجاج البر [دَجَاجُ البَرِّ]: there are two species; نجد ى [نَجْدِ ىٌّ of Nejd] and تهامى [تِهَامِىٌّ of Tihámeh]: the former species is أَخْضَرُ [here meaning of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour], with red feet [or legs]; the latter, of the former colour intermixed with white: but نجدى is found used for the male: and غرغرة and بنت السعد ى, for the female: (Dmr, cited by Freytag:) a single bird of the kind is called ↓ حَجَلَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) حَجَلٌ is a pl., as also حِجْلَانٌ and ↓ حِجْلَى; (S;) or [rather] حَجَلٌ is a coll. gen. n., (Msb, K,) and the pl., (Msb,) or quasi-pl. n., (K,) is ↓ حِجْلَى (Msb, K;) which is the only instance of its kind except ظِرْبَى: (S, K: in a copy of the Msb ظئرى:) its flesh is of moderate temperament. (K, TA,) more delicate than that of the دُرَّاج and that of the فَوَاخِت, and very fattening: (TA:) the swallowing half a mithkál of its liver is good for the epilepsy; and the introduction of its gall-bladder into the nose once in every month sharpens the intellect greatly, and strengthens the sight: (K:) its flesh is good for the dropsy, benefits the stomach, and increases the venereal faculty. (Ibn-Seenà, TA.) b2: Also, (S,) or ↓ حَجَلَةٌ, of which حَجَلٌ is pl., (K,) or حَجَلَةٌ is n. un. of حَجَلٌ, [which is a coll. gen. n.,] (S,) The young offspring of camels; the little ones thereof. (S, K.) b3: دِبِّى حَجَلْ A certain game (Fr, K) of the Arabs of the desert. (Fr.) A2: See also حَجَلَةٌ.

حِجِلٌ: see حِجْلٌ, in three places.

حِجِلٌّ: see حِجْلٌ, in three places.

حَجَلَةٌ [A kind of curtained canopy or alcove or the like, prepared for a bride;] a thing like a قُبَّة: (M, K:) and a place, (K,) or a tent, or pavilion, or chamber, (بَيْتٌ,) (S,) adorned with cloths (S, K) and with raised couches (S) and with curtains, for a bride: (S, K:) or the curtain of the bride, within a بَيْت [meaning tent, or pavilion, or chamber]: (Mgh:) pl. حِجَالٌ (S, Mgh, K) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَجَلٌ. (K.) [See أَرِيكَةٌ, and مِنَصَّةٌ.]

A2: See also حَجَلٌ, in two places.

حِجْلَى: see حَجَلٌ, in two places.

حَجْلَآءُ, applied to a ewe, (S, * K, * TA,) Whose fore and hind shanks are white, (S, K, TA,) and the rest of her black: os in the M and O. (TA.) [See also خَدْمَآءُ, voce أَخْدَمُ.]

حَجِيلٌ A horse that is مُحَجًّل [q. v.] in three legs. (Fr, Kudot.) حَاجِلٌ [part. n. of حَجَلَ] has for its pl. حُجَّلٌ, which is applied by Jereer to crows or ravens [as meaning Leaping in going, as though shackled]. (TA.) [The fem. pl.] حَاجِلَاتٌ is also applied to camels, (Sudot, Kudot,) meaning That have been smitten in their legs, (Sudot,) or that have been ham strung, (Kudot,) and in consequence walk not on all of their legs. (Sudot, Kudot.) حَوْجَلَةٌ (Sudot, Kudot, &c.) and حَوْجَلَّةٌ, (M, Kudot,) like حَــوْصَلَــةٌ and حَــوْصَلَّــةٌ, and دَوْخَلَةٌ and دَوْخَلَّةٌ, &c., (TA,) A flask, or bottle; syn. قَارُورةٌ: (Kudot:) or a small قارورة with a wide head, (S, M, O,) [the head] resembling a سُكُرُّجَة and the like: (M, TA:) or a قارورة large in the lower part: (K:) or one like the قَوَارِير of [the kind of perfume called] ذَرِيرَة: (TA:) pl. حَوَاجلُ and حَوَاجِيلُ; (M, K;) in the latter of which, the ى may be inserted by poetic license, or as a substitute for one of the ل s in حوجلّة. (M, TA.) [See also حَوْقَلَةٌ.]

تَحْجِيلٌ [inf. n. of 2, q. v.: and also used as a simple subst., signifying] Whiteness in the legs of a horse, (S, K,) all of them; (K;) or in three of the legs: (S;) in the two hind legs and a fore leg; (K;) or in a hind leg and the two fore legs; (TA;) or in the two hind legs (S, K) only; (K;) or in one hind leg only; (K;) but not in the two fore legs alone, nor in one fore leg without the other, unless with the two hind legs, (AO, S, K, TA,) or with one hind leg; (A O, S, TA;) whether little or much, so that it extends [upwards] beyond the pastern but not beyond the knee and hock. (S.) b2: Also A whiteness in a she-camel's teats, occasioned by the صِرَار [q. v.]. (K.) b3: And, accord. to ISk and the K, A certain mark made with a hot iron upon a came;: but Sgh says that the right word is تَحْجِينٌ, with ن. (TA.) مُحَجَّلٌ Wearing أَحْجَال, i. e. anklets; [or adorned therewith;] applied to a woman [without ة because men do not wear anklets]: if applied to a man, shackled. (Ham p. 238.) b2: [and hence,] applied to a horse, (S Mgh, Msb, K,) Having what is termed تَحْجِيلٌ, as explained in the first sentence of the paragraph next preceding; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَحْجُولٌ: (K:) white in the place of the anklet, and above that; wherefore the horse is thus termed: (Ham p. 53:) having his legs, (Mgh, Msb,) all four, (Mgh,) white; the whiteness extending [upwards] beyond the pasterns, (Mgh, Msb,) to a third, (Mgh,) or to half, (Mgh, Msb,) or thereabout, (Msb,) or to two thirds, (Mgh,) of the shank. (Mgh, Msb.) When the whiteness is in all the four legs, he is termed مُحَجَّلُ أَرْبَعٍ: when in the two hind legs, مُحَجَّلُ الرِّجْلَيْنِ: when in one of the hind legs, extending [upwards] beyond the pastern, مُحَجَّلُ الرِّجْلِ اليُمْنَى: when in three legs, exclusive of a hind leg or of a fore leg, اليُسْرَى

ثَلَاثٍ مُطْلَقُ يَدٍ or رِجْلٍ: when in the fore leg and hind leg of one side, مُمْسَكُ الأَيَامِنِ مُطْلَقُ الأَيَاسِرِ or مُمْسَكُ الأَيَاسِرِ مُطْلَقُ الأَيَامِنِ: when on opposite sides, whether little or much, مَشْكُولٌ. (S.) Hence, in a trad., أُمَّتِى الغُرُّ المُحَجَّلُونَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ مِنْ آثَارِ الوُضُوْءِ (assumed tropical:) [My followers will be those having a whiteness on the forehead and on the wrists and ankles, on the day of resurrec tion, from the effects of the ablution for prayer]. (TA.) [Hence also, because the horse that is مَحَجَّل is conspicuous,] رَكِبَ الشَّادِخَةَ المُحَجَّلَةَ (assumed tropical:) He committed a bad and notorious deed. (S in art. شدخ, q. v.) And the saying of El-Jaadee, satirizing Leylà El-Akhyaleeyeh, فَقَدْ رَكِبَتْ أَمْرًا أَغَرَّ مُحَجَّلَا (assumed tropical:) [For she has committed a glaring, notorious deed]. (Az, TA.) And يَوْمٌ أَغَرُّ مُحَجَّلٌ (assumed tropical:) A day bright and beaming with happiness and cheerfulness. (Har p. 377.) b3: Also A she-camel's udder having a whiteness in the teats, occasioned by the صِرَار [q. v.]. (K.) A2: A woman who keeps, or cleaves, to the حِجَال [pl. of حَجَلَةٌ]: and in like manner, a man; meaning (assumed tropical:) one who keeps much, or habitually, to the company of women. (Ham p. 238.) مَحْجُولٌ see مُحَجَّلٌ.

حول

Entries on حول in 19 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Zamakhsharī, Asās al-Balāgha, Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim bin Salām al-Harawī, Gharīb al-Ḥadīth, Abū Mūsā al-Madīnī, al-Majmūʿ al-Mughīth fī Gharībay al-Qurʾān wa-l-Ḥadīth, and 16 more

حول

1 حَالَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ Msb, Er-Rághib,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K, Er-Rághib) [and حَوَلَانٌ], It (a thing) became altered, transmuted, or changed, (S, * Mgh, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) from its state, or condition, (S, Mgh,) or from its natural state or condition, and its constitution; as also ↓ استحال; (Msb;) i. q. ↓ تحوّل; (K:) which [here] signifies [as above; or] it became altered, transmuted, or changed, whether essentially or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ احال signifies the same: (K:) or this last is said of a man meaning مِنْ شَىْءٍ إِلَى شَىْءٍ ↓ تحوّل [he shifted, or turned, from one thing to another]: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) he became a Muslim: (IAar, K, TA:) for in this case one says of a man, عَمَّا كَانَ ↓ تحوّل يَعْبُدُ إِلَى الإِسْلَامِ [he turned from that which he was worshipping to El-Islám]. (IAar, TA.) b2: [Hence, also,] حال, inf. n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, i. q. احتال, q. v. (Ham p. 652.) b3: And حال and ↓ استحال It (anything) shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred; syn. تحوّل: or it moved; syn. تحرّك: so accord. to different copies of the K: or, accord. to the O, the former verb has both of these significations: (TA:) or it has the latter of these significations, said of a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen from a distance]: (S:) or both verbs signify it (anything) became altered, or changed, (M, K,) from straightness, or evenness, (K,) to crookedness, or unevenness. (M, K.) You say, حَالَتِ القَوْسُ The bow became crooked (K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; or in the curved extremity: (TA:) or reverted from the state into which it was brought by pressure [with the ثِقَاف], and became crooked in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity; as also ↓ استحالت: (S, O:) and in like manner, الأَرْضُ عَنِ الاِسْتِوَآءِ إِلَى ↓ استحالتِ العِوَجِ [The ground became altered, or changed, from evenness to unevenness]: (S:) or [simply]

↓ استحالت it became uneven: (Msb:) [and الارض ↓ أَحَالَتِ (K in art. صمت) app. signifies the same:] or ↓ استحال signifies it (a thing) was disposed, or was about, to become altered, or changed. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And حال لَوْنُهُ Its colour altered, or changed, and became black. (S.) And حال It (a thing) shifted from its way, or manner, or direction. (TA.) And حال وَتَرُ القَوْسِ The string of the bow shifted from its place on the occasion of shooting: and حَالَتِ القَوْسُ وَتَرَهَا, [the bow shifted from its string.] (TA.) And حال مِنْ مَكَانِهِ, inf. n. حِوَلٌ, (O, TA,) or this is a simple subst., (S, M, K,) He, or it, shifted, or removed, from his, or its, place. (O, TA. [See حِوَلٌ, below.]) And حال إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخِرِ i. q. ↓ تحوّل [i. e. He, or it, shifted, or removed, or became shifted or transferred, to another place]. (S.) And حال عَنِ العَهْدِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, i. q. انقلب [i. e. He withdrew, or receded, from the covenant, compact, agreement, or engagement]. (S.) b4: حال فِى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ, inf. n. حُؤُولٌ, He leaped, and rode, upon the back of his horse; as also ↓ احال: (S:) or حال فِى ظَهْرِ دَابَّتِهِ he leaped, and seated himself firmly, upon the back of his beast; as also ↓ احال: (K, TA:) and حال عَلَى

الفَرَسِ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْلَةٌ, (K, * TA,) he seated himself firmly upon the horse. (K, * TA.) b5: حال صَبُوحُهُمْ عَلَى غَبُوقِهِمْ, Their morning-draught and their evening-draught became one, is said of people suffering from drought, and scarcity of milk. (TA.) b6: حال, (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. حَوْلٌ, (Msb,) said of a year (حَوْلٌ), (Mgh, K,) It passed: (Msb:) or it revolved and passed: (Mgh:) or it became complete. (K.) You say, حال عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حَوْلٌ and حُؤُولٌ, (K,) The year passed over him, or it; [or he, or it, became a year old;] (S, K;) as also ↓ احال. (S.) And حال, alone, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ احال and ↓ أَحْوَلَ, (Msb,) The year passed over it. (Msb, TA.) And ↓ احال (S, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (S, TA) and ↓ احتال (K) A year passed over it; [or it became a year old;] (S, K, TA;) said of wheat, or food, and of other things: (S, TA:) and so حالت and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَتْ said of a دار [or house]: (S:) or حَالَتِ الدَّارُ and ↓ احالت and ↓ أَحْوَلَت and حِيلَ بِالدَّارِ years passed over the house: (K:) or the house became altered, or changed, and years passed over it: and in like manner one says, أَعَامَت and أَشْهَرَت. (TA.) and حال said of a boy, A year passed over him; [or he became a year old;] (S;) as also ↓ احول. (K.) And بِالمَكَانِ ↓ احال (Ks, S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَحْوَلَ (Ks, S, K) He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, a year in the place: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) or, as some say, a long time. (TA.) b7: حَالَتْ, inf. n. حِيَالٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِيَالَةٌ and حُؤُولٌ (K) and حُولٌ; (S;) and ↓ احالت, and ↓ حوّلت; (K;) said of a she-camel, (S, K,) &c., (K,) She did not conceive, or become pregnant, during a year, or two years, or some years: (K:) or she, having been covered by the stallion, did not become pregnant: (S, K:) or, said of a woman, and of a she-camel, she did not become pregnant. (Msb.) And حالت, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ احالت, (Mgh,) said of a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), It bore one year, and not another year: (Mgh, TA:) or did not bear, (S, Msb,) having been fecundated. (S.) b8: حال الشَّىْءُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ, (S, Er-Rághib,) or بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (Mgh, * K,) inf. n. حَيْلُولَةٌ, [originally حَيْوَلُولَةٌ,] (Mgh, Msb,) like كَيْنُونَةٌ [&c.], (Mgh,) and حُؤُولٌ (Mgh) and حَوْلٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) The thing intervened as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, (S, K, Er-Rághib, TA,) between me and thee, (S, Er-Rághib, TA,) or between the two things. (K.) You say, حال النَّهْرُ بَيْنَنَا The river intervened as a separation, or an obstacle, between us, preventing conjunction, or communication. (Msb.) and حال الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ [The thing intervened as an obstacle in the way to the thing]. (S voce اِعْتَرَضَ.) It is said in the Kur [viii. 24], وَاعْلَمُوا

أَنَّ اللّٰهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ المَرْءِ وَقَلْبِهِ [And know ye that God interveneth, or interposeth, between the man and his heart, or secret thoughts, or desire]: indicating that He turns him from his desire: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or that He possesses his heart, and turns it as He wills: (O, TA:) or that a man cannot believe nor disbelieve unless it be God's will: (Jel:) or, as some say, that God destroys a man; or reduces him to the vilest condition of life, in order that he may not know, after knowing, anything. (Er-Rághib, TA. [See other remote interpretations in the Ksh, and the Expos. of Bd.]) And in the same [xxxiv. 53], وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ مَا يَشْتَهُونَ [And an obstacle shall be made to intervene between them and that which they shall eagerly desire]. (TA.) b9: And حال الشَّىْءُ The thing poured out, or forth. (TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (S, K,) and حَالَتْ, inf. n. تَحَالُ, (K,) the latter, of the dial. of Temeem, accord. to Lth, (TA,) [but see what follows,] inf. n. حَوَلٌ; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and ↓ احولّت, (S, K,) inf. n. ↓ اِحْوِلَالٌ; (K;) His eye [squinted; i. e.] had the white apparent at the outer angle, and the black next the inner angle: (M, K:) or had the black turning towards the nose: (Lth, M, K:) or had one of the two blacks turned towards the nose, and the other towards the temple: (Mgh:) or had its black next the outer angle: or his eye was as though it looked towards the حِجَاج [or supraorbital bone]: or had the black inclining towards the outer angle: (M, K:) the first of which meanings is that commonly known: but some say that حَالَتْ signifies it was turned from its proper state: or it is anomalous: (TA:) the epithet applied to the man is ↓ أَحْوَلُ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ حَوِلٌ: and that applied to the eye is [the fem. of the former of these, i. e.] ↓ حَوْلَآءُ: (K:) the pl. of which, and of the masc., is حُولٌ. (Har p. 412.) 2 حوّلهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيلٌ, He altered it, transmuted it, or changed it, whether essentially, or substantially, or in respect of predicament [or state or condition], or by saying; (Er-Rághib, TA:) [as also ↓ احالهُ.] b2: [Hence, He turned it over, or about, in his mind, considering what might be its results, and so managed it; namely, an affair; like قَلَّبَهُ.] You say, رَجُلٌ بَصِيرٌ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [A man who is knowing, skilful, or intel-ligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, &c.]. (S, TA.) And رَأْيَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ احال He altered, or changed, his opinion respecting the thing, or affair. (MA.) b3: He shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, from one place to another: (S, * Mgh, O, Msb, TA:) or حوّلهُ إِلَيْهِ he shifted it, removed it, or transferred it, to it, or him: (K:) and ↓ احالهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) [Hence,] حوّل الرِّدَآءَ, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He put the right side of the [garment called] رداء on the left: (Mgh:) or he shifted each extremity of the رداء to the place of the other. (Msb.) b4: He transferred, or transcribed, what was in it, namely, a book, or writing, to another, without doing away with the original form. (TA.) b5: He made it, or pronounced it to be, مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (K. [See also 4.]) b6: حوّل عَيْنُهُ: see 4.

A2: See also 5, in two places. b2: حَوَّلَتْ said of a she-camel &c., i. q. حَالَتْ: (K:) see 1.3 حاولهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُحَاوَلَةٌ (M, K, KL) and حِوَالٌ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوال,]) He desired it: (S, KL:) he sought it: (M, K, KL:) or he sought it by an artful contrivance or device; or by artful, or skilful, management; by turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object; syn. طَلَبَهُ بِحِيلَةٍ, (A,) or بِالْحِيلَةِ. (Har p. 326.) Aboo-Heiyeh En-Numeyree says, وَمَنْ يُحَاوِلُ شَيْئًا فِى فَمِ الأَسَدِ [And who will seek to get a thing in the mouth of the lion?] (Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 714.) and one says, حاول مِنْهَا الجِمَاعَ [He desired, or sought, of her, copulation, using blandishment, or artifice, for that purpose]. (T in art. رود, بِكَ أُحَاوِلُ occurring in a trad., means بك أُطَالِبُ [app. By means of Thee I seek, or demand, that which I want]. (Az, M, A, TA.) One says also, حَاوَلْتُهُ

أَنْ يَفْعَلَ الأَمْرَ [I sought, or endeavoured, to induce him to do the thing], and أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ [to leave it]. (A in art. دور.) And, of water, حاول أَنْ يَجْمُدَ (L and K in art. جمد) (assumed tropical:) It was about to congeal, or freeze; was at the point of congealing, or freezing. (TK in that art.) b2: حَاوَلْتُ لَهُ بَصَرِى

I looked sharply, or intently, at him; I cast my eyes at him. (ISd, K.) 4 احال, as an intrans. v.: see 1, in eighteen places. b2: تَجَنَّبَ رَوْضَةً وَأَحَالَ يَعْدُو [He withdrew from a meadow, and set to running,] is a prov., meaning he forsook abundance of herbage, or of the goods and conveniences and comforts of life, and preferred to it straitness, or difficulty. (S.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّوْطِ He set upon him with the whip, (S, MA, K,) يَضْرِبُهُ [striking him]: (S:) or he desired to strike him with the whip: or he struck him with the whip: (MA:) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِالسَّوْطِ, and بِالرُّمْحِ, [if احلته be not a mistranscription for أَحَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ, in the MS. from which I take this, as it may be inferred to be from what here precedes and follows,] I aimed at him with the whip, and with the spear, and set upon him with it: whence the saying, of him who has struck one at the point of death, and killed him, يُحِيلُ المَوْتَ عَلَى الضَّرْبِ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He makes death [as it were] to hang upon, and cleave to, striking; like as the spear is made to cleave to the مُحَال عَلَيْه, who is the person thrust, or pierced. (Msb.) El-Farezdak says, (S, TA,) addressing Hubeyreh Ibn-Damdam, (TA,) وَكُنْتَ كَذِئْبِ السَّوْءِ لَمَّا رَأَى دَمًا بِصَاحِبِهِ يَوْمًا أَحَالَ عَلَى الدَّمِ i. e. [And thou mast like the wicked wolf: when he saw blood upon his companion, one day,] he set upon the blood. (S, TA.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] حال عَلَيْهِ He reckoned him, or esteemed him, weak. (K.) b5: احال اللَّيْلِ Night poured upon the earth; (K;) and came on. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence but one.] b6: احال بِفُلَانٍ الخُبْزُ The bread fattened such a one; and in like manner one says of anything by which one becomes fat. (AA, TA.) b7: And احال He did, or said, what was مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Sgh, K. *) b8: And His camels did not conceive, or become pregnant, (AA, S, K,) during a year, or two years, or some years, (K,) having been covered. (S.) A2: As a trans. v.: see 2, in three places. b2: احال الغَرِيمَ He referred the creditor, from himself, [for the payment of what was due to him,] to another. (M, K.) and أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ I transferred his debt [i. e. the debt due to him from me] by making another person than myself responsible for it. (Msb.) and أَحَلْتُ زَيْدًا بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ I referred, or turned over, Zeyd, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, transferring the responsibility for the debt to the latter: in which case, I am termed ↓ مُحِيلٌ; and Zeyd is termed ↓ مُحَالٌ; and the other man, عَلَيْهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ, and عليه ↓ مُحْتَالٌ, and ↓ حَوِيلٌ; and the property, بِهِ ↓ مُحَالٌ: (Mgh:) and ↓ حَيِّلٌ, [originally حَوِيلٌ or حَيْوِلٌ,] also, is applied to him to whom the reference is made; and to him who accepts the reference; both together being termed حَيِّلَانِ. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) And you say, احال عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ [He referred a person to him for the payment of his debt]. (S.) And احال [alone] He transferred the debt for which he was responsible to the responsibility of another. (Har p. 59.) And أَحَلْتُ الأَمْرَ عَلَى زَيْدٍ [I turned over the affair to Zeyd;] I made the performance of the affair to be required restrictively of Zeyd. (Msb.) b3: احال عَلَيْهِ المَآءَ He poured out the water upon it: (K:) or احال المَآءَ مِنَ الدَّلْوِ he poured forth the water from the bucket, and turned over the latter. (S.) b4: احال اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحَوْلَ [God made the year to pass over him, or it]: (Lh, TA:) or احال اللّٰه الحَوْلَ God made the year complete. (K, TA.) b5: احال الرَّجُلُ إِبِلَهُ العَامَ [The man made his she-camels to pass the year without becoming pregnant; or] the stallion did not cover the man's she-camels during the year. (Lh, TA.) b6: أَحْوَلَ عَيْنَهُ, (Ks, Lh, S,) or أَحَالَهَا, and ↓ حوّلها, (K,) He made his eye to be حَوْلَآءَ [i. e. squinting, &c.]. (Ks, Lh, S, K.) [See 1, last sentence.] b7: احال كَلَامَهُ He made his speech مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, or self-contradictory]. (S. [See also 2.]) A3: مَا أَحْوَلَ حِيلَكَ How fluctuating, and shifting, and varying, are thy evasions, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices! (Har p. 309.) b2: and مَا أَحْوَلَهُ How surpassing is he in the practice of evasions, shifts, wiles, artifices, or artful contrivances or devices; or in turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object! (Fr, S, K;) as also ما أَحْيَلَهُ. (Fr, S in art. حيل, and K.) 5 تحوّل: see 1, first sentence, in three places. [Hence,] تحوّل مُبْتَدِعًا [He turned innovator]. (O and K in art. بدع.) b2: It shifted, or removed, or went, or became shifted or transferred, (S, Msb, K,) from one place to another, (S,) or from its place; (Msb;) as also ↓ حوّل (S, * Msb, K *) [and حال and استحال, as shown above: see 1, near the beginning.] You say, تحوّل مِنْ مَكَانِهِ It shifted, &c., from its place. (Msb.) And تحوّل عَنْهُ It shifted from it to another. (K.) and تحوّل إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخَرَ i. q. حَالَ, q. v. (S.) and المَجَرَّةُ ↓ حَوَّلَتِ The Milky Way became in the midst of the sky; which it does in the summer, (Sh, K, TA,) when the season of heat comes on. (Sh, TA.) b3: See also 8, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, K,) or تحوّل حَالًا, (TA,) He carried a bundle upon his back. (S, K, TA.) And تحوّل الكِسَآءِ He put a thing in the [garment called] كساء, and then carried it on his back. (M, K.) b2: تحوّلهُ بِالمَوْعِظَةِ He sought to avail himself of the state in which he might be rendered prompt, or willing, to accept admonition. (AA, K.) 8 احتال عَلَيْهِ بِالدَّيْنِ [meaning He was referred, or turned over, to him for the payment of the debt] is from الحَوَالَةُ. (S, TA.) You say, احتال زَيْدٌ بِمَا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَىَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ Zeyd was referred, or turned over, for the payment of what was due to him from me, to a certain man, to whom the responsibility for the debt was transferred. (Mgh.) b2: احتال said of a year; see 1. b3: احتال (S, MA, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ تحوّل (S, K) and تحيّل (K) signify the same, (S, K,) from الحِيلَةُ [q. v.]; (S;) and ↓ حَالَ, (Ham p. 652,) inf n. مَحَالٌ and حِيلَةٌ, (Ham ib. and K, *) also signifies the same as احتال; (Ham ib.;) which means He practised حِيلَة [i. e. an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient, &c.]: (MA, KL:) or he exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or shill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free mill, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) or he sought الحِيلَة i. e. [means of evading, or eluding, a thing, or of effecting an object, by] the exercise of art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs; by the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in his mind, so as to find a way of attaining his object. (Msb.) You say, احتال فِى الأَمْرِ and ↓ تحوّل [&c., He practised an evasion or elusion, &c., in the affair]. (K.) [And احتال عَلَيْهِ He practised an artifice, or an artful contrivance or device, &c., against him. And احتال لِعِيَالِهِ He exercised art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, for his family, or household.]

A2: اِحْتَوَلُوهُ They encompassed, or surrounded, him; or made him to be in the midst of them. (M, O, K.) 9 احوّلت عَيْنُهُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: [احوّلت الأَرْضُ: see 11.]10 استحال: see 1, in six places. b2: Also It (speech, or language, S, Msb, or a thing, TA) became مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, selfcontradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: استحالهُ He looked at it, (S, M, K,) namely, a شَخْص [i. e. a man, or person, or the figure of a thing seen at a distance], (S,) to see if it moved: (S, M, K:) as though he sought, or desired, its motion and change. (TA.) and استحال الجَهَامَ He looked at [the waterless clouds, or the clouds that had poured forth their water, to see if they changed or moved]. (TA.) b2: He reckoned it مُحَال [i. e. absurd, inconsistent, &c.: see above]. (KL.) 11 احوالّت الأَرْضُ, (K, TA, [in the CK احوّلت,]) inf. n. اِحْوِيلَالٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The land became green, and its herbage stood erect, or became strong and erect. (K, TA.) [See حُوَلَآءُ.]

حَالٌ The state, condition, or case, (صِفَة,) of a thing; [considered as subject to change;] (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) or the quality, or manner of being, and state, or condition, of a man, (K, TA,) in respect of good or evil; (TA;) as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (K:) or the particular case, or predicament, of a man &c., in respect of changing events, in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and in the coventional language of the logicians, a fleeting, or quickly-transient, quality, such as accidental heat and cold and moisture and dryness; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ: (TA:) anything changing: (Ham p. 288:) the time in which one is; (Lth, K;) [the present time;] the end of the past, and the beginning of the future: and as a conventional term, [in grammar, the present tense: and (tropical:) the future: and also] a denotative of state of the agent or of the objective complement; [the former termed حَالٌ مِنَ الفَاعِلِ; and the latter, حَالٌ مِنَ المَفْعُولِ; and each said to be مَنْصُوبٌ عَلَى الحَالِ, i. e. put in the accus. case as a denotative of state, unless expressed by a complete proposition;] as [قَائِمًا] in the phrase زَيْدٌ فِى

الدَّارَ قَائِمًا [Zeyd is in the house, standing], and in ضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا قَائِمًا [I beat Zeyd standing]: (Ibn-El-Kemál, TA:) it is fem., like حَالَةٌ; (Msb;) and mase. ; (Msb, K;) but mostly fem.: (TA:) the pl. is أَحْوَالٌ and أَحْوِلَةٌ, (K,) [both properly pls. of pauc., but the former often used as a pl. of mult., and often signifying circumstances,] the latter anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ حَالَةٌ is حَالَاتٌ: (TA:) or ↓ حالة is the n. un. or sing. of حَالٌ and أَحْوَالٌ [and حَالَاتٌ], used in relation to a man. (S, O.) You say حَالٌ حَسَنٌ and حَسَنَةٌ [A good state or condition &c.; as also ↓ حَالَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ]. (Msb.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ حَالَاتُ and أَحْوَالُهُ The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune. (K.) [And اِفْعَلْهُ حَالًا and فِى الحَالِ Do thou it now, or immediately. And عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ In any case: a phrase of frequent occurrence. The phrase قَالَ لِسَانُ الحَالِ (assumed tropical:) The tongue of the case said, (often used by late writers,) means the case seemed to say.]

A2: A load, or burden: (Ham p. 299:) [whence, perhaps, خَفِيفُ الحَالِ (which see in what follows) as meaning (assumed tropical:) having a small family to maintain:] and hence, (Ham ib.,) a bundle, or bundle of clothes, (كَارَةٌ,) which is carried on the back (S, Ham ib.) by a man: (S:) or a thing that a man carries on his back, (ISd, O, K,) whatever it be. (ISd, TA.) b2: A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء in which one collects, or seeks and collects, dry herbage: (O, K:) or a garment, or piece of stuff, of which two ends are tied in a knot behind the flanks, and the other two ends over the head; in which one collects dry herbage; also called شُكْبَانٌ. (TA in art. شكب.) A3: A child's go-cart, by means of which he practises walking; (S, K *, TA;) resembling a small عَجَلَة; (S;) also called دَرَّاجَةٌ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) A4: The part of a horse that is the place of the لِبْد [or saddle-cloth]: or the line along the middle of the back: (K, TA:) or حَالُ مَتْنِ الفَرَسِ signifies the middle of the back of the horse; the place of the لِبْدِ. (S.) [See also its syn. حَاذٌ.] خَفِيفُ الحَالِ signifies the the same as خَفِيفُ الحَاذِ, (A in art. حوذ,) which means (tropical:) A man light of back; (S, A, L, Msb, all in art. حوذ;) i. e. having little property: and also having a small family to maintain; (L in that art. ;) or having little property and a small family to maintain; (L and K in that art. ;) like خَفِيفُ الظَّهْرِ. (A, L, Msb, all in that art.) A5: Black mud: (S, K:) from حَالَ “ it became altered, or changed. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad. that the حال of El-Kowthar is musk: (TA:) and in another, that Gabriel took of the حال of the river [Nile] and put it into the mouth of Pharaoh; (S, TA;) but here it has the meaning next following. (TA.) Black fetid mud; syn. حَمْأَةٌ. (K, and Ham p. 288.) And Soft earth. (K, and Ham ib.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) Weakness, and softness. (Ham ib.) b3: Stinking flesh-meat. (Ham ib.) b4: Hot ashes (IAar, K, and Ham ib.) b5: The leaves of the سَمُر [acacia, or mimosa, gummifera,] beaten and shaken off into a garment, or piece of cloth. (K.) b6: Milk. (M, K.) A6: In the dial. of Hudheyl, (IAar, TA,) A wife. (IAar, K.) حَوْلٌ A year; (S Msb, K, Er-Rághib, &c. ;) so termed in consideration of its changing, and of the revolution of the sun in its places of rising and setting; (Er-Rághib, TA;) or as being the period in which [certain] plants attain their complete strength: (El-Harállee, TA:) and even if it has not passed; because it will be [properly speaking] a حَوْل: an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc., but also used as a pl. of mult.,] أَحْوَالٌ (M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حُؤُولٌ and حُوُولٌ, (M, K,) the former with ء and the latter with و. (TA.) A2: Strength, power, might, or force; syn. قُوَّةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حِيلَةٌ [originally حِوْلَةٌ] (TA) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ, (K, TA,) or this last is a n. un. from حَوْلٌ: (TA:) it is in the soul and the body and the acquisitions: and hence the saying, in a trad., لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ العَلِىِّ العَظِيمِ [There is no strength nor power but in, or by means of, God, the High, the Great]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it here signifies motion; [see also حَوْلَةٌ;] and the meaning is, there is no motion nor power, or ability, but by the will of God: (AHeyth, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, there is no حول [i. e. changing, or turning, or receding,] from disobedience, nor قوّة [i. e. power] to obey, but by the accommodating, or disposing, of God. (Msb.) b2: See also حِيلَةٌ.

A3: حَوْلُ شَىْءِ The lateral, or adjacent, part to which a thing may shift, or remove: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the environs [of a thing]. (Msb.) You say, قَعَدُوا حَوْلَهُ, (S, K, *) or قَعَدْنَا حَوْلَهُ, the noun being in the accus. case as an adv. n. of place, i. e., [They sat, or we sat, around him, or it, or] in his, or its, environs; (Msb;) and ↓ حَوَالَهُ, and حَوْلَيْهِ, (S, K,) dual of حَوْل, (TA,) and ↓ حَوَالَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) dual of حَوَال, (TA,) and أَحْوَالَهُ, (ISd, K,) pl. of حَوْل, and used to give intensiveness to the meaning: (ISd, TA:) but you should not say حَوَالِيهِ. (S, Sgh.) And وَلَا عَلَيْنَا ↓ اَللّٰهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا [O God, be Thou around us as our protector, and not against us,] occurs in a trad. respecting prayer. (TA.) It is said, in the Expos. of the exs. cited as testimonies by Sb, that one sometimes says ↓ حَوَالَيْكَ and حَوْلَيْكَ, meaning Around thee, in every direction; dividing the surrounding parts into two; like as one says, أَحَاطُوا بِهِ مِنْ جَانِبَيْهِ, not meaning that any of the surrounding parts remained vacant. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَنْدَنَ.]

حَوَلٌ inf. n. of حَوِلَتْ عَيْنُهُ. (S, K. [See 1, last sentence.]) A2: See also حَائِلٌ.

حَوِلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and see also 1, last sentence.

حُوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حَائِلٌ: b3: and حِيَالٌ.

حِوَلٌ Removal from one place to another, in a passive sense; a subst. from تَحَوَّلَ: (S, O, K:) and in an active sense; a subst. from حَوَّلَهُ; (K;) accord. to ISd, it is the latter [only]; (TA;) as also ↓ حَوِيلٌ. (K.) Hence, in the Kur [xviii. 108], لَا يَبْغُونَ عَنْهَا حَوْلًا [They shall not desire removal from it]

حَوُلَ (S, M, O, K:) or, as some say, it here means ↓ حِيلَةً; i. e. they shall not [desire to] practise, or seek to practise, any evasion from it to another abode. (TA.) b2: See also حِيَلةٌ [of which it is said to be both a syn. and a pl.]. b3: And see حُولَةٌ.

A2: Also A furrow, or trench, in the ground, in which palm-trees are planted in a row. (ISd, K.) حَالَةٌ; pl. حَالَاتٌ: see حَالٌ, in seven places.

حَوْلَةٌ Motion, or removal, (تَحَرُّكٌ or تَحَوُّلٌ, accord. to different copies of the K, the former being the reading in the TA,) and change of state. (K.) [See also حَوْلٌ. And see حَالَ عَلَى الفَرَسِ, of which it is the inf. n.] b2: See also حِيلَةٌ. b3: And see حَوْلٌ, as meaning قُوَّةٌ.

حُولَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also A wonder, or wonderful thing; pl. حُولٌ. (K: [but probably this should be حُوَلٌ, as below.]) b4: [It is also used as a pl., signifying Wonders.] Yousay, هٰذَا مِنْ حُولَةِ الدَّهِْ This is of the wonders of the age, or of time, or fortune; as also من ↓ حَوَلَانِهِ, and ↓ حِوَلِهِ [pl. of ↓ حِيلَةٌ], and ↓ حُوَلَائِهِ. (K, TA: the last, in one copy of the K, ↓ حُوَلَانِهِ, and in the CK ↓ حُوْلانهِ.) b5: An evil, or abominable, event or accident; (K, * TA;) a calamity, or misfortune: pl. حُوَلٌ: as in the saying, هُوَ حُولَةٌ مِنَ الحُوَلِ It is a calamity of calamities. (S, TA.) It is also used as an epithet; so that one says, جَآءَ بِأَمْرٍ حُولَةٍ [He did, or brought to pass, an evil, or abominable, thing]. (M, TA.) حِيلَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) originally حِوْلَةٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ حَوْلٌ (S, M, K) and حَيْلٌ and ↓ حِوَلٌ, (M, K,) which is also a pl. of the first, (K,) and ↓ حَوْلَةٌ (K) and ↓ حُولَةٌ (Ks, TA) and ↓ حَوِيلٌ (M, K) and ↓ حَائِلَةٌ (Ham p. 652) and ↓ مَحَالَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَحَالٌ, (M, K,) [said to be an inf. n., (see 8,)] and ↓ مَحِيلَةٌ, (Sgh, TA,) i. q. اِحْتِيَالٌ and تَحَوُّلٌ and تَحَيُّلٌ; (M, K; [see 8;]) [or A mode, or manner, of changing from one state to another, or of shifting from one thing to another; حِيلَةٌ being of the measure فِعْلَةٌ from حَالَ, like جِلْسَةٌ &c. from جَلَسَ &c.; or from تَحَوُّلٌ as syn. with حَالَ; (see what follows;) a mode, or means, of evading or eluding a thing, or of effecting an object; an evasion or elusion, a shift, a wile, an artifice, or artful contrivance or device, a machination, a trick, a plot, a stratagem, or an expedient;] a means of effecting one's transition from that which he dislikes to that which he likes; (KT, in explanation of the first word;) art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, (Msb, K,) in the management of affairs; i. e. the turning over, or revolving, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in the mind, so as to find a way of attaining one's object; (Msb;) and excellence of consideration or deliberation; and ability to manage according to one's own free will, (K, TA,) with subtilty: (TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, حِيلَةٌ signifies a means of attaining to some state concealedly; and it is mostly used of that in which is sin, or offence, or disobedience; but sometimes of that in the exercise of which is wisdom; and hence God is described as شَدِيدُ

↓ المَحَالِ, meaning strong in attaining, concealedly from men, to that in which is wisdom: accord. to Abu-l-Bakà, it is from التَّحَوُّلُ; because by it one shifts from one state to another, by a species of forecast, and gentleness, or delicacy, so as to change a thing from its outward appearance: (TA:) the pl. of حِيلَةٌ is حِوَلٌ and حِيَلٌ [which latter is the most common form, and also, as well as حِوَلٌ, said to be syn. with the sing.,] and حِيلَاتٌ. (K.) One says, لَا حِيلَةَ لَهُ [He has no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. (TA.) [and مَا بِيَدِى حِيلَةٌ I have no mode, or means, of evading &c.]. And ↓ المَرْءُ يَعْجِزُ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Man becomes impotent: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) مِنْهُ ↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ means لَا بُدَّ [There is no avoiding it, or escaping it]. (S, * K.) One says, المَوْتُ آتٍ

↓ لَا مَحَالَةَ [Death comes: there is no avoiding it]. (S.) See also حِوَلٌ. b2: And see حُولَةٌ: b3: and حَوْلٌ. b4: [عِلْمُ الحِيَلِ The science of mechanics.]

حُوَلَةٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوْلِىٌّ A solid-hoofed animal in his first year: (S, O:) or a solid-hoofed animal, &c., a year old; a yearling: (K:) it is applied in this sense to a camel: and also to a plant: (TA:) and so ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحِيلٌ applied to wheat, or food, &c.: (S, O:) and ↓ مُحْوِلٌ applied to a boychild: (K:) or, as some say, this signifies in the state of childhood; not limited to a year old: (TA:) the fem. of حَوْلِىٌّ is حَوْلِيَّةٌ: pl. [masc. حَوَالِىٌّ; and] fem. حَوْلِيَّاتٌ. (S, K.) حَوْلِىٌّ الغَضَا Young trees of the kind called غَضًا. (TA.) حِيَلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حُوَلَآءُ and حِوَلَآءُ, the latter like عِنَبَآءُ and سِيَرَآءُ, which are the only other words of this measure, (S, K,) accord. to Kh, (S,) [The membrane that encloses the she-camel's fœtus in the womb;] to the she-camel, like the مَشِيمَة (K, TA) to the woman; (TA;) i. e., (K,) a skin (S, K) of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خَضْرَآء), full of water, (K,) which comes forth with the fœtus, containing أَغْرَاس [pl. of غِرْس, q. v.], and having lines, or streaks, which are red, and of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (خُضْر): (S, K:) or it comes forth after the fœtus, in the first سَلَى; and is the first thing that comes forth therefrom: so says ISk: and the word is sometimes used in relation to a woman: (TA:) or, accord. to Az, the water that comes forth upon the head of the fœtus, [i. e.] at the birth: (S:) or a membrane like a large bucket, which is full of water, and bursts when it falls upon the ground: then comes forth the سَلَى; and a day, or two days, after that, the صَآءَة. (TA.) Hence the saying, نَزَلُوا فِى مِثْلِ حُوَلاءِ النَّاقَةِ, (K,) and فى مثل حولاء السَّلَى, (TA,) (tropical:) They alighted amid abundance of water and green herbage. (K, * TA.) and رَأَيْتُ أَرْضًا مِثْلَ الحولاءِ (tropical:) I saw land having dark green herbage. (TA.) A2: See also حُولَةٌ.

حَوَلَان and حُوَلَان and حُوْلَان: see حُولَةٌ.

حُولَلٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in four places.

حَوَلْوَلٌ: see حُوَّلٌ, in two places.

حَوَالٌ The changing, or varying, of time, or fortune. (K.) A2: حَوَالَهُ, and حَوَالَيْهِ, and حَوَالَيْنَا, and حَوَالَيْكَ: see حَوْلٌ.

حِوَالٌ: see حَائِلٌ, in two places.

حِيَالٌ [in the CK, erroneously, حَيال] The front of a thing, as meaning the part, place, or location, that is over against, opposite, facing, fronting, or in front; syn. قُبَالَةٌ. (K, and Mgh in art. حيل.) You say, قُمْتُ حِيَالَهُ I stood in front of him; in the part, place, or location, that was over against him, opposite to him, &c.; syn. قُبَالَتَهُ. (Msb in art. حيل.) And قَعَدَ حِيَالَةٌ and بِحِيَالِهِ He sat in front of him, over against him, opposite to him, facing or fronting him; syn. بِإِزَائِهِ. (S, K.) And هٰذَا حِيَالَ كَلِمَتِكَ This is opposite to thy saying; syn. مُقَابَلَةَ; in the accus. case, as an adv. n. of place: thus related by IAar from the Arabs: but one may also say حِيَالُ كَلِمَتِكَ [the opposite of thy saying], making the phrase to consist of an inchoative and an enunciative: so says ISd. (TA.) It is originally with و [in the place of the ى]. (S, O.) b2: عَلَى حِيَالِهِ [By himself or itself; independently]. You say, أَعْطِ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى

حِيَالَهُ Give thou to every one of them by himself; syn. على حِدَتِهِ; (S in art. وحد;) or بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Mgh in art. حيل.) And فَعَلْتُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَلَى

حِيَالِهِ I did everything by itself; syn. بِانْفِرَادِهِ. (Msb in art. حيل.) A2: Also A string that is tied from the camel's بِطَان [or belly-girth] to his حَقَب [or hind girth], to prevent the حَقَب from going against the sheath of his penis: (K:) so, too, in the M: but in the O, as on the authority of AA, ↓ حُوَلٌ, like صُرَدٌ, signifies the string that is between the حَقَب and the بِطَان. (TA.) حَوِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] One who is responsible, or answerable. (K.) b3: And A witness. (K.) A2: See also حِوَلٌ: b2: and حِيلَةٌ. b3: Also [Desire: or a seeking: or a seeking by an artful contrivance or device, or by artful or skilful management, to find a way of attaining an object:] a subst. from حَاوَلَهُ. (S, O, K.) حَوَالَةٌ The effecting a transition of one river, or rivulet, to another. (M, K.) [This is what is meant by the حوالة in المُزَارَعَة, mentioned in the Mgh, as “ customary in the cases of certain plants, as rice, and the بَاذِنْجَان, and in planting. ”] b2: The transfer of a claim, or of a debt, by shifting the responsibility from one person to another: (Mgh:) the transfer of a debt by shifting the responsibility of him who transfers it to him to whom it is transferred: (KT:) [a reference made by a debtor, of his creditor, to a debtor of the former, for the payment of what is owed by the former to the latter: an order for the payment of a debt, or of a sum of money, given by one person, upon another, to a third person: so in the present day:] a subst. (S, K) from أَحَالِ عَلَيْهِ بِدَيْنِهِ, (S,) or from أَحَلْتُهُ بِدَيْنِهِ, (Msb,) or from أَحَالَ الغَرِيمَ. (K.) [See 4.] b3: A responsibility; accountableness. (K.) حَوَالِىٌّ and حُوَالِىٌّ: see the next paragraph.

حُوَّلٌ, applied to a man, signifies بَصِيرُ بِتَحْوِيلِ الأُمُورِ [i. e. Knowing, skilful, or intelligent, in turning affairs over, or about, in his mind, considering what may be their results, and so managing them]; (S, TA;) as also حُوَّلٌ قُلَّبٌ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) and قُلَّبٌ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, (TA, and so in a copy of the S,) and قُلَّبِىٌّ ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, and ↓ حَوَّالٌ; (TA;) and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ signifies ↓ مُحْتَالٌ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free will, with subtilty; &c.; see the verb (8) of which مُحْتَالٌ is the part. n.]: (S:) or حُوَّلٌ and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حُوَلَةٌ and ↓ حُوْلَةٌ and ↓ حُوَّلِىٌّ, [in the CK, erroneously, حَوْلٰى,] like سُكَّرِىٌّ, [in the CK like سَكْرىٰ,] and ↓ حَالِىٌّ and ↓ حُوَالِىٌّ and ↓ حَوَلْوَلٌ, signify شَدِيدُ الاِحْتِيَالِ [i. e. one who exercises great art, artifice, &c.]: (Sgh, K:) all of these forms are mentioned by ISd, except حُوْلَةٌ and حُوَّلِىٌّ: (TA:) accord. to some, قُلَّبٌ حُوَّلٌ signifies experienced, or expert, in affairs; or one who has been tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs: (Har p. 312:) and ↓ حَوِلٌ signifies the same as حُوَّلٌ; (Ham p. 34;) having much حِيلَة [i. e. art, artifice, &c.]: accord. to analogy, it should be [حَالٌ,] like مَالٌ and صَاتٌ as epithets applied to a man: (Idem pp. 530 and 531:) حَيَّالٌ, also, [in like manner,] signifies صَاحِبُ حِيلَةٍ [i. e. one who exercises art, artifice, &c., as above]; and so ↓ حِيَلِىٌّ [from حِيَلٌ, pl. of, or syn. with, حِيلَةٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ حَوْلْوَلٌ [mentioned above (in the CK, erroneously, in this instance, حَواوِل)] signifies also cunning, or intelligent, or skilful and knowing; and quick and sharp or vigorous or effective; syn. مُنْكَرٌ كَمِيشٌ; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) حَيِّلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph.

حُوَّلِىٌّ: see حُوَّلٌ, in three places.

حَوَّالٌ: see حُوَّلٌ.

حَائِلٌ Altering, or being transmuted, or changing; or altered, or transmuted, or changed; [in any manner; and particularly] in colour; (K, TA;) and becoming, or become, black; applied to a bone, and any other thing. (TA.) b2: Anything [shifting, or moving, or] that has shifted, or moved, in فِى [app. a mistranscription for مِنْ from]) its place. (TA.) b3: A she-camel, and any female, not conceiving, or not becoming pregnant, during a year, (M, K,) or two years, (K,) or some years: (M, K:) or a she-camel not pregnant (S, Msb, K) after having been covered by the stallion; (S, K;) because denoting a change from what is usual; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and in like manner applied to a ewe, or she-goat; (TA;) and to a woman: (Msb:) pl. حِيَالٌ and حُولٌ (S, K) and حُوَّلٌ, (K,) and ↓ حُولَلٌ (M, K) is a quasi-pl. n.: (M, TA:) [whence,] حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٌ used as intensive epithets: or حَائِلٌ signifies not conceiving in one year, (K, TA,) when she has been covered: (TA:) and حَائِلُ حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ, not conceiving during two years; (K;) not conceiving in the first year after having been covered, nor in the next following year; like عَائِطُ عُوطٍ and عِيطٍ and عُوطَطٍ: (S in art. عوط:) one says also, لَقِحَتْ عَلَى حُولٍ and ↓ حُولَلٍ [app. meaning She conceived after having failed to do so for two years; for it seems that in this case حول and حولل are inf. ns., or that the latter is a subst. having the sense of an inf. n.: see 1, and see also عُوطَطٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ signifies the same as حَائِلٌ. (K.) Also A palm-tree (Msb, K) that bears one year, and not another year: (K:) or not bearing. (Msb.) b4: The female young one of a camel, at the time of her birth: the male is termed سَقْبٌ: (S, K:) pl. حُولٌ and حَوَائِلُ. (TA.) One says, نُتِجَتِ النَّاقَةُ حَائِلًا حَسَنَةً [The she-camel brought forth a beautiful female young one]. (S.) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذَاكَ مَا أَرْزَمَتْ أُمُّ حَائِلٍ

[I will not do that as long as a mother of a female young camel utters her gentle yearning cry]. (S.) A2: Also, (Lth, Mgh, O, TA,) and ↓ حِوَالٌ (Lth, K) and ↓ حُوَلٌ and ↓ حَوَلٌ, (K,) A thing that intervenes as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things. (Lth, Mgh, * O, K.) One says, بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ هٰذَا حِوَالٌ, i. e. حَائِلٌ [This is a thing intervening as a separation, &c., between them two]; like حِجَازٌ and حَاجِزٌ. (Lth, O, TA.) حَائِلَةٌ: see حِيَلةٌ.

أَحْوَلُ; and its fem. حَوْلَآءُ: see 1, last sentence. b2: أَحْوَلُ مِنْ بَوْلِ الجَمَلِ [More wry than the urine of the he-camel]: because it does not come forth straight, but [backwards, and] inclining to one side: a prov. (TA.) b3: هُوَ أَحْوَلُ مِنْكَ He is one who has more حِيلَة [meaning art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, in the management of affairs, &c.,] than thou; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ أَحْيَلُ. (K.) And النَّاسِ ↓ هُوَ أَحْيَلُ [He is the most artful, cunning, ingenious, or skilful, of men]; originally أَحْوَلُ. (MF in art. رود: see أَرْوَدُ.) أَحْيَلُ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

تَحَاوِيلُ الأَرْضِ means أَنْ تُخْطِئَ حَوْلًا وَتُصِيبَ حَوْلًا, (O, K,) i. e. The leaving the land unsown one year, and sowing it another year: whereby the land is strengthened. (TK.) مَحَالٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see also مَحَالَةٌ, in three places.

مُحَالٌ; and مُحَالٌ عَلَيْهِ; and مُحَالٌ بِهِ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: مُحَالٌ also signifies [Absurd; inconsistent; self-contradictory;] comprising two contradictories; as when one speaks of one body in two places in one case [or time]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) that cannot be conceived as existing in reality: (TA:) i. q. بَاطِلٌ [as meaning untrue, or unreal]; (Msb, TA;) impossible; that cannot be: (Msb:) perverted; turned from its proper way or manner of being; (K;) applied to speech; (S, K;) as also ↓ مُسْتَحِيلٌ. (K.) مُحْوِلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ: b2: and see also حَوْلِىٌّ, in two places.

مُحِيلٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also A woman that brings forth a boy next after a girl; or the reverse: and in like manner applied to a she-camel; as also ↓ مُحْوِلٌ and ↓ مُحَوِّلٌ: (Ks, Sgh, K:) and accord. to some, ↓ مُتَحَوِّلٌ [if not a mistranscription for مُحْوِلٌ or مُحَوِّلٌ] signifies a she-camel that brings forth one year a male, and another year a female. (TA.) b3: See also حَوْلِىٌّ.

مَحَالَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ, in four places. b2: Also A machine (مَنْجَنُون, Lth, K) over which [passes the rope whereby] water is drawn: (Lth, TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) a great بَكْرَة [or sheave of a pulley], (S in art. محل, and K,) by means of which camels draw water: (S ubi suprà and TA:) [see سَانِيَةٌ:] pl. مَحَاوِلُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَالٌ. (K.) b3: The vertebræ; as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: (K: [in the CK, الفَقَارِ is erroneously put for الفَقَارُ:]) or the latter has this meaning; and the former signifies a single vertebra: and the م may be radical: (M, TA:) pl. مَحَالَاتٌ. (T in art. ملح.) b4: The middle (وَاسِط, as in the M and O; in the K, erroneously, وَاسِطَة, TA) of the back; (M, O, K;) as also ↓ مَحَالٌ: but accord. to some, the م is radical. (TA.) مَحِيلَةٌ: see حِيلَةٌ.

مُحَوِّلٌ: see حَائِلٌ: b2: and مُحِيلٌ.

مِحْوَالٌ A man who says much that is مُحَال [or absurd, inconsistent, self-contradictory, unreal, or impossible]. (Lth, K. *) مُحْتَالٌ: see 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: أَرْضٌ مُحْتَالَةٌ (tropical:) Land upon which rain has not fallen. (TA.) b3: See also حُوَّلٌ.

مُتَحَوَّلٌ [pass. part. n. of تَحَوَّلَهُ.

A2: Also] an inf. n. of تَحَوَّلَ. (Ham p. 503.) A3: And A place to which one shifts, removes, or becomes transferred. (Idem ib.) مُتَحَوِّلٌ: see مُحِيلٌ.

رِجْلٌ مُسْتَحَالَةٌ A leg that is crooked in the two extremities of its shank. (M, O, TA.) In the K, رَجُلٌ is erroneously put for رِجْلٌ, and سَاقَيْهِ for سَاقِهَا. (TA.) And ↓ قَوْسٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ (S, K) and مُسْتَحَالَةٌ (K) A bow that is crooked (S, K, TA) in the portion between the part grasped by the hand and the curved extremity, or in its curved extremity. (TA.) And ↓ أَرْضٌ مُسْتَحِيلَةٌ Uneven ground: (S, TA:) or i. q. مُسْتَحَالَةٌ, (K,) which means land that has been left [unsown, or uncultivated,] a year, or years. (M, K.) مُسْتَحِيلٌ; fem. with ة: see the paragraph next preceding, in two places: b2: and see also مُحَالٌ.

A2: Also Full. (K.)

حشم

Entries on حشم in 17 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Murtaḍa al-Zabīdī, Tāj al-ʿArūs fī Jawāhir al-Qamūs, Al-Zamakhsharī, Asās al-Balāgha, Al-Fayyūmī, Al-Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr fī Gharīb al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr, and 14 more

حشم

1 حَشِمَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَشَمٌ, (Msb,) He was, or became, angry; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احتشم: (Msb:) or the latter signifies he became angered. (TA.) b2: And He was, or became, confounded and stupified by shame; or ashamed and confounded or stupified, and remained speechless and motionless. (Msb.) See also 8.

A2: حَشَمَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْمٌ; (Msb;) or حَشِمَهُ, aor. ـَ (K;) He angered him; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ احشمهُ, (IAar, S, Msb, K,) and ↓ حشّمهُ. (K.) And, accord. to Az (S) and El-Fárábee, (Msb,) حَشَمَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and حَشُمَ, (K,) He annoyed him, (S, Msb, K,) and said to him what he disliked, (K,) and angered him; (S, Msb;) namely, a man sitting with him. (S, Msb, K.) An Arab of chaste speech is related to have said, بَنِى فُلَانٍ ↓ ذٰلِكَ مِمَّا يُحْشِمُ, meaning That is of the things that anger the sons of such a one. (S.) b2: Accord. to IAar, (S,) حَشَمَهُ signifies He caused him to become confounded and stupified by shame; or to become ashamed and confounded or stupified, and to remain speechless and motionless; (S, K;) as also ↓ احشمهُ: (S, Msb, K:) and both signify it caused him to be affected with shame, shyness, or bashfulness; or to shrink; as in the saying, to one shrinking from food, مَا الَّذِى حَشَمَكَ, or ↓ أَحْشَمَكَ, What caused thee to be affected with shame, &c.? (TA.) A3: حَشَمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حُشُومٌ, He became fat, or in a good condition of body, after leanness. (K.) And حَشَمَتِ الدَّابَّةُ فِى أَوَّلِ الرَّبِيعِ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَشْمٌ, (TA,) or حُشُومٌ, (TK,) The beast obtained somewhat of the [herbage called]

ربيع, in the beginning thereof, and became fat, and in good condition, and large in the belly, (K, TA,) and goodly: (TA:) or, as En-Nadr says, حَشَمَتِ الدَّوَابُّ the beasts became in good condition. (S.) b2: مَا حَشَمَ مِنْ طَعَامِنَا He ate not of our food (K, TA) aught. (TA.) b3: مَا حَشَمَ الصَّيْدَ He hit not, or obtained not, or found not, the game, or object of the chase. (K.) A4: حَشَمَ, inf. n. حَشْمٌ (TA) and حُشُومٌ, (K,) He was, or became, fatigued, tired, or wearied. (K, TA.) The Arabs say, الحُسُومُ يُورِثُ الحُشُومَ Labour, or toil, occasions fatigue. (Yoo, TA.) 2 حَشَّمَ see 1.4 أَحْشَمَ see 1, in four places.5 تَحَشَّمَ see 8. b2: You say also, هُوَ يتحَشَّمُ المَحَارِمَ He guards against things forbidden. (TA.) 8 احتشم: see 1. b2: Also He felt, or had a sense of, or was moved or affected with, shame, or shyness, or bashfulness. (Msb.) احتشم مِنْهُ (S, Mgh, K) and عَنْهُ, (K,) and احتشمهُ, (S, Mgh,) or this last is not allowable except when مِنْ is meant to be understood, (TA,) signify the same; (S, Mgh;) i. e. He was ashamed of it, or abashed at him; or was ashamed to do it, or shy of doing it: (Mgh, K:) or it signifies, (Mgh,) or signifies also, (K,) he shrank from it, or him: (Mgh, K:) or, as some say, thus used it is vulgar; for حِشْمَةٌ, with the Arabs, is only anger: (Mgh:) but IB cites, from Kutheiyir, إِنِّى مَتَى لَمْ يَكُنْ عَطَاؤُهُمَا عِنْدِى بِمَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُ أَحْتَشِمُ as meaning [Verily I, when the gift of them two in my possession is not for what I have done,] am ashamed, or abashed: and in a trad. of 'Alee, respecting the thief, occurs the saying, إِنِّى لَأَحْتَشِمُ

أَنْ لَا أَدَعَ لَهُ يَدًا, meaning Verily I am ashamed not to leave him a hand; and I shrink from it. (TA.) [And ↓ حَشَمَ app. signifies the same; for,] accord. to As, (TA,) [the inf. n.] حُشُومٌ signifies The act of shrinking. (K.) You say also, إِنِّى

مِنْهُ ↓ لَأَتَحَشَّمُ Verily I abstain from it, or refrain from it, to shun blame, or through disdain and pride; disdain, or scorn, it; (أَتَذَمَّمُ مِنْهُ;) and am ashamed of it. (K.) A2: Also He was, or became, master of many حَشَم [or dependents &c.] and servants. (KL.) حَشَمٌ A man's special dependents, consisting of his family and slaves [and others], or his neighbours, who are angry on his account (K, TA) when an event befalls him; (TA;) as also ↓ حُشْمَةٌ; (Yoo, TA;) in the K, erroneously, حَشَمَةٌ; (TA;) and أَحْشَامٌ; (K;) which IAar thinks to be pl. of حَشَمٌ used in a sing. sense; (TA;) [for] this word is applied to one [of such persons] as well as to a pl. number: (K:) you say, هٰذَا الغُلَامُ حَشَمٌ لِى [This young man, or slave, is a dependent of mine]: (IAar, TA:) or حَشَمٌ signifies, (ISk, Mgh, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) a man's relations and household; (ISk, Mgh, Msb, K;) or his servants; (S, Msb;) and those who are angry on his account (ISk, S, Mgh, Msb) when an event befalls him; (Mgh, Msb;) for which reason they are thus called: (S:) or a man's followers; and those on whose account he should be angry: (Ham p. 614:) or the حَشَم of a man are those who are angry on his account; or those on whose account he is angry: (Har p. 164:) accord. to ISk, (Msb,) it is a word having a pl. signification, and having no proper sing.: (Mgh, Msb:) but some say that it has for its pl. أَحْشَامٌ: (Mgh:) and accord. to the K, ↓ حُشَمَآءُ [in the CK حَشْمَاء] signifies neighbours and guests; as though it were pl. of حَشِيمٌ, like as كُرَمَآءُ is of كَرِيمٌ: but [perhaps this should be أَحْشَامٌ; for] we find in the M, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَحْشَامِى, meaning These are my neighbours, and my guests: (TA:) and ↓ حُشُمٌ, with two dammehs, signifies slaves; (IAar, TA;) or, as some say, followers, whether slaves or free persons. (TA.) A2: Also An object of desire or quest; syn. طَلَبَةٌ [in the CK طَلَبَة]; and so ↓ حُشُومٌ. (K.) You say, هُوَ حَشَمُهُ It is his object of desire or quest. (TK.) حُشُمٌ Persons having, or possessing, (ذَوُو, as in the explanation of IAar, for which ذُو is erroneously substituted in the copies of the K, TA,) consummate shame, shyness, bashfulness, or pudency. (IAar, K, TA.) b2: See also حَشَمٌ.

حُشْمَةٌ (in the K, erroneously, حَشَمَةٌ, TA): see حَشَمٌ. b2: Also [in the CK, erroneously, حُشَمَة] A woman, or a wife; syn. مَرْأَةٌ. (K, TA.) A2: I. q.

ذِمَامٌ [app. as meaning protection, safeguard, or security of life and property]. (Yoo, K.) So in the phrase, لَهُ الحُشْمَةُ [Protection, &c., is due to him]. (Yoo, TA.) b2: Relationship. (K.) So in the phrase, فِيهِمْ حُشْمَةٌ [Among them is relationship]. (TA.) A3: See also حَشْمَةٌ.

حِشْمَةٌ Anger. (As, S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: and Shame, shyness, bashfulness, or pudency; (S, Msb, K;) and a shrinking (Lth, Mgh, K, TA) from one's brother in a place of eating, and in seeking, or requesting, a thing that one wants. (Lth, Mgh, TA.) It has been asserted, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) on the authority of As, (Msb, TA,) that it signifies only “anger:” (Mgh, Msb, TA:) but several authors have refuted this assertion, by showing that it occurs in trads. as meaning “shame.” (MF, TA.) b3: Also The act of annoying a person sitting with one, and saying to him what he dislikes; and so ↓ حُشْمَةٌ. (K.) حُشَمَآءُ, in the CK حَشْمَاء: see حَشَمٌ.

حُشُومٌ: see حَشَمٌ, last sentence but one.

A2: It is also an inf. n. of 1. (K.) حَشِيمٌ, (S, K,) in some of the copies of the S حِشِّيمٌ, which is app. a mistake, (TA,) [thus I find it in one of my copies of the S,] i. q. ↓ مُحْتَشَمٌ; (S, K;) i. e. Regarded with reverence, veneration, respect, honour, awe, or fear; (TA;) applied to a man. (S.) حَاشِمٌ A man being, or becoming, fat, or in a good condition of body, after leanness. (TA.) مَحْشُومٌ Angered. (TA.) [But it is implied in the S that it signifies Confounded and stupified by shame; or ashamed and confounded or stupified, and remaining speechless and motionless.] A poet says, لَعَمْرُكَ إِنَّ قُرْصَ أَبِى خُبَيْبٍ

بَطِىْءُ النُّضْجِ مَحْشُومُ الأَكِيلِ [By thy life, verily the round cake of bread of Aboo-Khubeyb is slow in becoming thoroughly baked: the eater is angered, or confounded and stupified by shame, &c.]. (S, TA.) مُحْتَشَمٌ: see حَشِيمٌ.

إِنَّهُ لَمُحْتَشِمٌ بِأَمْرِى Verily he is grieved and disquieted (مُهْتَمٌّ) by my affair, or case. (AA, TA.)

بيت

Entries on بيت in 14 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Zayn al-Dīn al-Razī, Mukhtār al-Ṣiḥāḥ, Ibn Manẓūr, Lisān al-ʿArab, and 11 more

بيت

1 بَاتَ, (T, S M, &c.,) aor. ـِ and يَبَاتُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَيْتُوتَةٌ (Lth, T, S A, Msb, K) and مَبِيتٌ (Msb, K) and مَبَاتٌ (Msb) and بَيْتٌ and بَيَاتٌ, (K,) has two meanings: in that which more commonly obtains, the action is restricted to the night: (Msb:) it is by night, or in night; not in sleep: (M:) you say, بَاتَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا, meaning He did such a thing by night, or at night: (S, Msb, K:) [or he was in the night, or at night, or during the night, doing such a thing: and he passed, or spent, the night, or a night, or a part thereof, or, as will be seen below, he entered upon the night, doing such a thing:] like as one says, ظَلَّ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا as meaning “ he did such a thing by day,” or “ at day-time: ” (S, Msb;*) IKoot and Es-Sarakustee and IKtt say that it has this meaning, and not “ he slept: ” (Msb:) [F adds,] وَ لَيْسَ مِنَ النَّوْمِ, (K,) which is said to mean, “and the action is not one of sleep; ” so that when one sleeps by night, or at night, it is not correct to say, بَاتَ يَنَامُ: or, accord. to some, “its meaning is not that of sleeping; ” so that one may say, بَاتَ زَيْدٌ نَائِمًا [Zeyd was in the night, &c., or passed, or spent, the night, &c., sleeping]: (MF:) [Fei says,] it is only when one remains awake in the night: and hence the saying in the Kur [xxv. 65], وَالَّذِينَ يَبِيتُونَ لِرَّبِهِمْ سُجَّدًا وَقِيامًا [and those who pass the night prostrating themselves to their Lord and standing up in prayer]: (Msb:) Fr says that بَاتَ الرَّجُلُ means The man remained awake all the night, engaged in acts of obedience or of disobedience: (T, Msb:) [or it means the man entered upon the night; or he was in the night, or at night, or during the night, in any state, or engaged in any action; for] Zj says, (M,) بَاتَ is said of any one whom the night has overtaken, (M, K, *) whether he have slept or not slept: (M:) and Lth says, البَيْتُوتَةُ signifies the entering upon the night: one says, بِتُّ أَصْنَعُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا [I entered upon the night doing such and such things]: and he adds, (T,) he who says بَاتَ as meaning he slept commits an error; for you say, بِتُّ أُرَاعِى

النُّجُومَ [I entered upon, or passed, the night] looking at the stars: and how can he be sleeping who is looking at them? (T, Msb:) but Mullà 'Abd-El-Hakeem, in his Commentaries on the Mutowwal, says that بَاتَ sometimes means he remained, continued, stayed, or dwelt, and he alighted and abode, by night, or at night, whether he slept or not: (MF:) and Ibn-Keysán says that it may be used in the same manner as نَامَ [he slept]; and also, [as will be explained below,] in the same manner as كَانَ. (TA.) You say, بَاتَ بَيْتُوتَةً صَالِحَةً (T) or طَيِّبَةً (A) [He passed, or entered upon, the night, or a night, in a good manner]. And بِتُّ القَوْمَ and بِتُّ بِهِمْ and بِتُّ عِنْدَهُمْ [I passed, or entered upon, the night, or a night, with, or at the abode of, the people, or company of men: the last of these phrases is the most common]. (A 'Obeyd, M, K.) b2: Secondly, it is used in the sense of صَارَ [He became]; (Msb;) or in the same manner as كَانَ [he was]. (Ibn-Keysán, TA.) One says, بَاتَ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا He became [or was] in such a place; whether in night-time or in day-time. (Msb.) And hence the saying of the lawyers, بَاتَ عِنْدَ امْرَأَتِهِ لَيْلَةً He became [or was] with his wife one night; [which is the same as he passed a night &c.; though this, it will be observed, is not in this instance the signification of the verb alone;] whether sleeping or not. (Msb.) b3: [Thus it is used both as a “ complete,” i. e. an attributive, verb, and also as an “ incomplete,” i. e. a non-attributive, verb.] b4: بَاتَ, aor. ـِ (T, A,) inf. n. بَيْتٌ, (T, M, K,) also signifies (tropical:) He married, or took a wife: (T, A:) [see بَيْتٌ below:] or (assumed tropical:) he gave in marriage; syn. of the inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ. (Kr, M, K.) 2 بيّت البَيْتَ He constructed, or built, the بَيْت [i. e. tent, or house, &c.]. (M.) A2: بيّت الأَمْرِ, [inf. n. as below,] He did, or performed, the thing, or affair, by night, or at night: (M:) and he thought, or meditated, upon it, considering its end, or issue, or result, (Zj, T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) or entered into it, (Zj, T,) by night, or at night. (Zj, T, S, M, &c.) And one says, بُيِّتَ بِلَيْلٍ, (T, A,) meaning the same as دُبِّرَ بِلَيْلِ [It was thought, or meditated, upon, &c., by night, or at night]: (T:) [for] بُيِّتَ الشَّىْءُ also signifies [simply] the thing was thought upon, and considered as to its end, issue, or result; syn. قُدِّرَ. (S.) Accord. to El-Marzookee, they say of a thing that is not done deliberately, and with good consideration of its issue or result, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ قُدِّرَ بِلَيْلٍ; [in the text from which this is taken, without the syll. signs;] and hence the saying in the Kur [iv. 83], بَيَّتَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ غَيْرِ الَّذِى تَقُولُ [A part of them meditateth by night upon doing otherwise than that which thou sayest; as is indicated in the M, where this is cited; and in like manner, يُبَيِّتُونَ, in the continuation of the same passage of the Kur, is explained in the T as meaning يُدَبِّرُونَ, and يُقَدِّرُونَ, (i. e. مِنَ السُّوْءِ,) لَيْلًا]: but Aboo-Hilál says that a thing is meditated upon in the night in order that one may apply himself to it with strong purpose, and not be diverted by other things, so that it may be done with more firmness; and he cites the same passage of the Kur. (Ham p. 130.) And hence, in the Kur [iv. 108], إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لَا يَرْضَى مِنَ القَوْلِ When they meditate, &c., (S, M, Bd, Jel,) by night, (S, M,) [what He will not approve, of speech,] and prepare it [in their minds] (يُزَوِّرُونَهُ [see art. زور]). (Bd.) It is said in a trad., لَا صِيَامَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُبَيِّتِ الصِّيَامَ There is no fasting to him [meaning his fasting is null] who does not purpose it from the night. (TA. [See another reading, voce بَتَّ.]) and you say, بَيَّتَ النِّيَّةَ He decided upon the purpose, or intention, by night, or in night-time. (Msb.) And بَيَّتَ رَأْيَهُ He thought upon his opinion, and concealed it, or conceived it, in his mind. (TA.) b2: بَيَّتَهُمْ, (inf. n. تَبْيِيتٌ, (Msb, TA,) He came upon them, (Mgh, but the verb is there pl.,) or made a sudden attack upon them, and engaged with them in conflict, (Msb,) or made a great slaughter among them, or engaged with them in vehement conflict, (S, M, K,) namely, the enemy, (S, Mgh, K,) or a people, (M,) by night: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) he came upon them (the sons of such a one) in the night, and made a sudden attack upon them, while they were heedless: (T:) he attacked them (the people of a house or place of abode) by night: he went to them (the enemy) in the night, without their knowledge, and took them by surprise. (TA.) b3: كَانَ لَا يُبَيِّتُ مَا لاًا وَلَا يُقَيِّلُهُ He used not to retain property until night, nor to retain it until noon, when it came to him; but used to hasten the dividing of it. (TA, from a trad.) b4: See also 4.

A3: بيّت النَّخْلَ He trimmed, or pruned, the palm-trees, by cutting off the stumps of the branches, or by cutting off the straggling branches, not in the best part thereof. (K.) A4: See also 5.4 اباتهُ, inf. n. إِبَاتَةٌ, He (God) made him, or caused him, to pass, or spend, the night, [or a part thereof,] or to enter upon the night. (T, M, K.) You say, أَبَاتَكَ اللّٰهُ حَسَنَةً [May God make thee to pass, or enter upon, the night with happiness], (S,) and إِبَاتَةً حَسَنَةً [in a good manner of doing so]. (T, A.) And [in like manner,] ↓ بَيَّتَكَ اللّٰهُ فِى عَافِيَةٍ [May God make thee to pass, or enter upon, the night in health and safety]. (A.) And أَبَاتَهُ اللّٰهُ أَحْسَنَ بِيتَةٍ God made him to pass, or enter upon, the night in the best manner of doing so. (M, K. *) 5 تبيّتهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ [so in the TA and in a MS. copy of the K: in the CK ↓ بَيَّتَهُ:] He withheld, or debarred, him from the thing that he wanted. (K.) 10 إِسْتَبْيَتَ [استبات seems to signify He asked for, or required, بِيت, or بِيتَة i. e. food: (see مُسْتَبِيتٌ:) and also to have the contr. signification; i. e. b2: He possessed food: for you say,] لَا يَسْتَبِيتُ لَيْلَةً He possesses not a night's food. (T, K.) and لَا يَسْتَبِيتُ He has not food. (A.) بَيْتٌ [signifies A tent; properly, having more than one pole; but often applied without this restriction: and also a house; a chamber; an apartment; a closet; and the like]: a بَيْت is [a tent] of [goats'] hair (شَعَر), (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of wool: (Mgh:) a بيت of hair [i. e. hair-cloth] is that kind [of tent] which has more than one pole: the word is masc.: and applies to small and large: (M:) tents of goats' hair are peculiar to people of cold countries and of fertile regions, where the goats have abundant hair; for the goats of the Arabs of the desert have short hair, not long enough to be spun: (T in art. بنى:) a خِبَآء is a small بيت of wool or of hair: a بيت is what is larger than a خبآء: next is the مِظَلَّة, which is larger than the بيت; but the term بيت is also applied to a مظلّة when it is large and مُرَوَّق [i. e. furnished with a رِوَاق, q. v.]: (T:) Ibn-El-Kelbee says that the Arabs have six kinds of بيت; namely, a قُبَّة, which is of skins, or tanned hides; a مِظَلَّة, of hair; a خِبَآء, of wool; a بِجَاد, of soft hair (وَبَر); a خَيْمَة, of trees; an أُقْنَة, of stone; and a سَوْط, of hair; or this is the smallest of them: El-Baghdádee says that the خباء is a بيت made of soft hair (وَبَر), or of wool, or of hair [commonly so called] (شَعَر), upon two poles, or three; and that a بيت is [a tent] upon six poles, or more, to the number of nine: in the Towsheeh it is said that the term خباء is applied to a بيت of any kind: (TA:) a بيت is also [a structure] of clay, or tough or cohesive clay or earth; (A, K;) [and of baked bricks; and of stone;] the name being likewise applied to a structure of a kind other than the structures which are called أَخْبِيَة [or tents]; (M;) signifying a habitation [of any kind; an abode; a dwelling]: (Msb:) a man's house; syn. دَارٌ: (T:) [and particularly a chamber; i. e.] a single roofed structure (Mgh, Kull) having a place of entrance; مَنْزِلٌ being applied to what comprises more than one [such] بيت, and a roofed صَحْن [or vacant part, and a kitchen, inhabited by a man with his family]; and دَارٌ, that which comprises more than one [such] بيت and more than one [such] مَنْزِل and a [court, or] صَحْن without a roof: (Kull:) the pl. is بُيُوتٌ, (S, M, K, &c.,) also pronounced بِيُوتٌ, (TA,) and أَبْيَاتٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter a pl. of pauc.; (TA;) and pl. pl. بُيُوتَاتٌ (M, Mgh, K) and أَبَايِيتُ (Sb, S, M, K) and أَبْيَاوَاتٌ, (Fr, M, K,) which last is extr.: (M:) the dim. is ↓ بُيَيْتٌ, also pronounced ↓ بِيَيْتٌ; (S, K;) and the vulgar say, بُوَيْتٌ, (S,) which is not allowable. (K.) You say, هُوَ جَارِى

بَيْتَ بَيْتَ, (T, S, M,) He is my neighbour [tent to tent, or house to house, i. e.,] by contiguity [of our habitations]: بيت بيت being made indecl. with fet-h for the termination because they are two nouns made one: (S:) Sb says that some of the Arabs make them [thus] indecl., like خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ, and some make the former a prefixed noun governing the latter in the gen. case, [saying بَيْتَ بَيْتٍ,] except when used as a denotative of state: (M:) one says also, بَيْتًا لِبَيْتٍ, and بَيْتٌ لِبَيْتٍ; (Fr, T;) which last, or بَيْتٌ إِلَى بَيْتٍ, is the original form. (Har p. 353.) بَنَى فُلَانٌ عَلَى

امْرَأَتِهِ [lit. Such a one constructed a tent over his wife,] means such a one had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of his marriage, and brought her, or had her brought, into a pitched tent, having conveyed thither the utensils and furniture and other things that they required. (T.) And أَهْلُ بَيْتُ النَّبِىِّ [The people of the house of the Prophet,] means the Prophet's wives and his daughter and 'Alee: and so أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ [i. e. يَخُصُّ أَهْلَ البَيْتِ He means particularly, or peculiarly, the people of the house], in the Kur xxxiii. 33: بَنُو and مَعْشَر and أَهْل and آل, as prefixed nouns, being, as Sb says, the nouns most frequently occurring in the accus. case [for the reason indicated above, or, as the Arabian grammarians express it,] عَلَى

الاِخْتِصَاصِ. (M.) b2: It also signifies A [pavilion, palace, or mansion, such as is called] قَصْر: (T, K:) whence the saying of Gabriel, بَشِّرْ خَدِيجَةَ بِبَيْتٍ مِنْ قَصَبٍ, i. e. [Rejoice thou Khadeejeh by the announcement of] a pavilion (قصر) of hollow pearls, (T, TA,) or of emerald. (TA. [See also art. قصب.]) بُيُوتًا غَيْرَ مَسْكُونَةٍ [Uninhabited houses], in the Kur xxiv. 29, means buildings for the reception of travellers, or for merchants and their goods, and the shops of the merchants and places in which things are sold, the entering of which is allowed by their owners: or ruins which a man enters for the purpose of easing nature. (M.) And the بُيُوت which God has permitted to be raised, mentioned in the same chapter, verse 36, are Mosques, or places of worship: or, accord. to El-Hasan, Jerusalem (بَيْتُ المَقْدِسِ); the pl. being applied to it as a mark of honour. (Zj, M.) البَيْتُ [The House] applies particularly to (tropical:) the Kaabeh [of Mekkeh]; (K;) as also بَيْتُ اللّٰهِ [the House of God]; (AAF, M;) and البَيْتُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred House]; (T;) and البَيْتُ العَتِيقُ [the Ancient House]; (S and K &c. in art. عتق;) and accord. to some, البَيْتُ المَعْمُورُ, q. v. (Bd in lii. 4.) [بَيْتُ المَالِ signifies The treasury of the state. And بَيْتُ المَآءِ is a euphemism for The privy; because water is put there for the purpose of ablution: also called بَيْتُ الفَرَاغِ, &c.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The ark of Noah: so in the Kur lxxi. last verse. (T.) b4: (tropical:) A grave; (M, IAth, K;) app. by way of comparison. (M.) So in a trad. of Aboo-Dharr: كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ إِذَا مَاتَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى

يَكُونُ البَيْتُ بِالوَصِيفِ, meaning How will thou do when men shall die so that the grave shall be sold for the [servant-] boy? (IAth.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The habitation of the سُرْفَة, which it constructs in a beautiful manner, (A'Obeyd, M,) of fragments of sticks; (Yaakoob, M;) and of the صَيْدَنَانِىّ, which it makes in the interior of the earth, and covers over: (A'Obeyd, M:) and (assumed tropical:) the burrow, or hole, of the ضَبّ &c.: and (assumed tropical:) the web of the spider: all, app., as being likened to the بَيْت of a man. (M.) b6: (tropical:) A man's household. (S, K, TA.) b7: (tropical:) The wife (As, IAar, T, M, A) of a man. (M, A.) So in the saying, أَكِبَرٌ غَيَّرَنِى أمْ بَيْتُ [Hath old age altered me, or a wife?]: (As, T:) or here it means a household. (S.) b8: The nobility of the Arabs; (T, Msb, K; *) as when one says, بَيْتُ تَمِيمٍ فِى بَنِى حَنْظَلَةَ [The nobility of Temeem is in the sons of Handhaleh]: (T, Msb: *) or the family that comprises the nobility of a tribe; as آلُ حِصْنٍ of the فَزَارِيُّون, and آلُ الجُدَّيْنِ of the شَيْبَانِيُّون, and آلُ عَبْدِ المَدَانِ of the حَارِثِيُّون; which three were asserted by Ibn-El-Kelbee to be the highest of the families thus called of the Arabs: (M:) [see a verse of El-Lahabee cited voce أَخْضَرُ:] pl. بُيُوتٌ and بُيُوتَاتٌ, (T, M,) the latter being pl. of the former. (T.) You say, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ البُيُوتَاتِ He is of the people of nobility: and مِنْ بَيْتٍ كَرِيمٍ [of a generous, or noble, house, or family]. (A.) [See also بَنَى.] b9: A noble person: (M, Mgh, K:) pl. بُيُوتٌ and بُيُوتَاتٌ. (Mgh.) You say, فُلَانٌ بَيْتُ قَوْمِهِ Such a one is the noble person of his people. (Abu-l-'Omeythil El-Aarabee, M.) b10: (tropical:) The [furniture termed]

فَرْش, (A, Mgh, K,) or مَتَاع, (TA,) of a tent or house, (Mgh, K,) or that is sufficient for a tent or house. (A.) You say, تَزَوَّجْتُ فُلَانَةَ عَلَى بَيْتٍ (tropical:) I married, or took as a wife, such a woman for [my giving] furniture sufficient for a tent or house, (A,) or furniture of a house or tent. (Mgh.) [See 1, last sentence.] b11: A بَيْت of poetry, (T, S, M, Msb,) or of the poet, (K,) is (tropical:) [A verse; i. e.] what consists of certain known divisions [or feet] called أَجْزَآءُ التَّفْعِيلِ; being termed بيت metaphorically, because of the conjoining of its component parts, one to another, in a particular manner, like as those of a tent are conjoined in its construction; (Msb;) because it consists of words collected together in a regular manner, and so resembles a tent, which is composed of a سَقْف and كِفَآء and رِوَاق and عُمُد: (T:) it is derived from the same word signifying a خِبَآء [or tent], and applies to the small and the great, as the رَجَز and the طَوِيل; and is [said to be] thus called because it comprises words like as the tent comprises its inhabitants; wherefore its component parts are termed أَسْبَاب and أَوْتَاد, as being likened to the اسباب and اوتاد of tents: (M:) pl. أَبْيَاتٌ and بُيُوتٌ, (M, A, Msb,) the latter mentioned by Sb and IJ, (M,) [but rare,] and [pl. pl.] أَبَايِيتُ: (A:) Abu-l-Hasan says that if the بيت of poetry be likened to the بيت which is a tent or other kind of structure, there is no reason why it should not have the same pl. forms as the latter has. (L.) By the following words of a poet, وَبَيْتٍ عَلَى ظَهْرِ المَطِىِّ بَنَيْتُهُ بِأَسْمَرَ مَشْقُوقِ الخَيَاشِيمِ يَرْعُفُ [Many a بيت upon the back of the camel have I constructed with a lawny thing slit in the nose and bleeding], is meant, many a بيت of poetry have I written with the reed-pen. (S.) [البَيْتَ, written after a quotation of a part of a verse of poetry, means اِقْرَأِ البَيْتَ Read thou the verse.]

بَيْتُ القَصِيدَةِ [The chief verse of the poem] is a phrase employed when a person composes a poem in praise of any one from whom he would obtain some object of desire and want, being applied to that verse of the poem in which the author's want is mentioned: and is a proverbial expression relating to that which is extraordinary and strange, and used in denoting the superiority of a part of a thing over the whole of it [regarded as a whole]: [hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ أَوَّلُ الجَرِيدَةِ وَبَيْتُ القَصِيدَةِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is the first of the detachment of horsemen, and the chief verse of the poem]. (Har p. 441.) بِيتٌ: see بِيتَةٌ, in two places.

بِيتَةٌ a subst. from بَاتَ: and signifying A manner or mode, and state, or condition, of passing, or entering upon, the night. (M.) [See 4; last sentence.]

A2: Food, or victuals; and so ↓ بِيتٌ: (A, K:) [or particularly, of a night: for] you say, لَيْلَةٍ ↓ مَا لَهُ بِيتُ, (S M, A, K.) and بِيتَةٌ لَيْلَةٍ, (T, S, M, A,) مِنَ القُوتِ, (T,) He has not a night's food, or victuals. (T, S, M, A, K.) بَيَاتٌ A coming upon the enemy by night; (Mgh;) a sudden attack upon, and conflict with, the enemy by night; (Msb;) a great slaughter (S, M) among the enemy, (S,) or a people, (M,) and vehement conflict with them; (S, M;) a coming upon people in the night, and making a sudden attack upon them, while they are heedless; (T;) an attack upon a people by night; a going to the enemy in the night, without their knowledge, and taking them by surprise: (TA:) a subst. from 2; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ. (Mgh.) b2: أَتَاهُمُ الأَمْرُ بَيَاتًا The thing, or event, happened, or came, to them in the latter part of the night. (T.) بُيَيْتٌ, also pronounced بِيَيْتٌ, dim. of بَيْتٌ, q. v. (S, K.) بَيُّوتٌ That has remained throughout a night [and so become stale; stale from being a night old]; as also ↓ بَائِتٌ: both, in this sense, [but the latter more usually,] applied to bread. (S, K.) b2: Cold, or cool, water, (M, K,) that has become so from its having remained throughout a night: (M:) or water that remains during the night beneath the sky: (Ham p. 553:) or water that has been cooled in the leathern bag by night; and in like manner, milk; for [Az says,] I heard an Arab of the desert say, اِسْقِنِى مِنْ بَيُّوتِ السِّقَآءِ, meaning Give thou me to drink of the milk that has been milked at night and left in the skin so that it has become cold, or cool, by night. (T.) In the saying, فَصَبَّحَتْ حَوضَ قِرًى بَيُّوتَا the meaning seems to be, قِرَى حَوْضٍ بَيُّوتَا, i. e., [And they (app. camels) came in the morning to] the collected water of a trough, which water had remained throughout the night and so become cold, or cool; the phrase being inverted. (M.) b3: أَمْرٌ بَيُّوتٌ (assumed tropical:) An affair, or event, for which, or on account of which, one passes the night in anxiety or grief. (S, K.) b4: هَمٌّ بَيُّوتٌ (assumed tropical:) Anxiety, or grief, that has remained during the night in the bosom. (M.) b5: سِنٌّ بَيُّوتَةٌ A tooth that does not fall out, or become shed. (K.) بَائِتٌ [Passing, or spending, the night, or a night, or a part thereof; or entering upon the night; &c.;] act. part. n. of 1. (Msb.) b2: See also بَيُّوتٌ.

مَبِيتٌ A place in which one passes, or enters upon, the night. (M, A.) مُتَبَيِّتَةٌ A woman who has obtained a بَيْت [i. e. tent or house, or the furniture thereof,] and a husband. (M, K.) مُسْتَبِيتٌ Poor, or needy; [as though meaning asking for, or requiring, بِيت or بِيتَة, i. e. food; or possessing food, and nothing beside;] syn. فَقِيرٌ [q. v.]. (IAar, T, K.) Quasi بيح بَيْحَانٌ and بَيَّحَانٌ: see بَؤُوحٌ, in art. بوح.

بحر

Entries on بحر in 15 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Ismāʿīl bin Ḥammād al-Jawharī, Tāj al-Lugha wa Ṣiḥāḥ al-ʿArabīya, and 12 more

بحر

1 بَحَرَ, (TA,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. بَحْرٌ, (K,) He slit; cut, or divided, lengthwise; split; or clave; (K, TA;) and enlarged, or made wide. (TA.) Hence the term بَحْرٌ [as meaning “ a sea ” or “ great river ”] is said to be derived, because what is so called is cleft, or trenched, in the earth, and the trench is made the bed of its water. (TA.) b2: بَحَرَهَا, (M,) or بَحَرَ أُذُنَهَا, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (M, Msb,) inf. n. بَحْرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He slit her (a camel's, S, M, A, Msb, and a sheep's or goat's, M) ear, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) in halves, or in halves lengthwise, (M, TA,) widely; (B;) and in like manner, بَحَرَهُ he slit his (a camel's) ear widely: (B:) and ↓ بحّر

آذَانَ الأَنْعَامِ, inf. n. تَبْحِيرٌ, He slit [&c.] the ears of the cattle. (Az, TA in art. بتك.) A2: [بَحُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَحَارَةٌ, It was, or became, wide, or spacious. The inf. n. is mentioned in the A: see بَحْرٌ: and see also 10.]2 بَحَّرَ see 1.4 ابحر He embarked [or voyaged] upon the sea or a great river. (Yaakoob, S, M, K.) [Opposed to أَبَرَّ.] b2: (tropical:) It (water, K, sweet water S, A) was, or became, salt. (S, A, * K.) b3: أَبْحَرَتِ الأَرْضُ The land abounded with places where water stagnated. (T, K. * [In the latter, مَنَافِعُهَا is put by mistake for مَنَاقِعُهَا. See بَحْرَةٌ.]) A2: (assumed tropical:) He found water to be salt; not easy, or pleasant, to be drunk. (K, TA. [In some copies of the K, for لَمْ يَسُغْ, we find لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ, which is evidently a mistake.]) A3: He met, or met with, a man unintentionally: (M, K:) from the phrase, لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةَ بَحْرَةَ. (TA.) 5 تبحّر: see 10. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a pastor) took a wide range in abundant pasturage. (TA.) b3: تبحّر فِى المَالِ (tropical:) He enlarged himself, or he became, or made himself, ample, or abundant, in wealth, or camels, or the like; (K, * TA;) as also فيه↓استبحر. (TA.) b4: تبحّر فِى العِلْمِ (tropical:) He went deep into science, or knowledge, and enlarged himself, or took a wide range, therein, (S, A, K,) wide as the sea; (TA;) and in like manner one says with respect to other things: (S:) and so فيه ↓استبحر. (A, TA.) 10 استبحر (tropical:) It (a place) became wide, or spacious, like the sea: (A:) it spread wide; became expanded; (K;) as also ↓ تبحّر. (TA.) [See also بَحُرَ.] b2: (tropical:) He (a poet, A, K, and a خَطِيب, [i. e. a speaker, an orator, or the like,] A) expatiated in speech; was, or became, diffuse therein. (M, A, K.) b3: See also 5, in two places.

بَحْرٌ [A sea: and a great river:] a spacious place comprising a large quantity of water; (B;) a large quantity of water, (K, TA,) whether salt or sweet; (TA;) contr. of بَرٌّ; (S, A;) so called because of its depth (S, TA) and large extent; (S, Msb, TA;) from البَحَارَةُ; (A;) or because its bed is trenched in the earth; see 1: (TA:) or a large quantity of salt water, only; (K;) and so called because of its saltness: (El-Umawee, TA: [but accord. to the A, this word as an epithet meaning “ salt ” is tropical:]) or rather this is its general meaning: (TA:) for it signifies also any great river; (S, M, TA;) any river of which the water does not cease to flow; (Zj, T, TA;) such as the Euphrates, for instance; (S;) or such as the Tigris, and the Nile, and other similar great rivers of sweet water; of which the great salt بَحْر is the place of confluence; so called because trenched in the earth: (T, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْحُرٌ and [of mult.] بِحَارٌ and بُحُورٌ. (S, Msb, K.) The dim. is ↓أُبَيْحِرٌ, (K,) which is anomalous; and ↓بُحَيْرٌ, which is the regular form: accord. to the K, the latter is not used; but this is untrue; for it is sometimes used, though rare. (MF.) b2: Hence its application in the saying of the Arabs, يَا هَادِىَ اللَّيْلِ جُرْتَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ البَحْرُ أَوِ الفَجْرُ, which Th explains by saying that the meaning is, (tropical:) [O guide of the night, thou hast deviated from the right way:] it is only destruction or thou wilt see the daybreak: the night is here likened to the sea [and with the night is associated the idea of destruction]: but accord. to one recital, it is البَجْرُ, instead of البَحْرُ. (TA. [See art. بجر.]) b3: Also (tropical:) Salt; as an epithet, applied to water. (S, A.) b4: (tropical:) A fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse; (As, K;) that runs much; (As, TA;) that takes a wide range in his running; (S, A, Msb, B;) that runs like the sea, or a great river; or like the sea, or a great river, when it rolls wave over wave. (Niftaweyh;, TA.) b5: (tropical:) A generous man; (K, TA;) one who takes a wide range in his beneficence, bounty, or kindness; who abounds therein. (TA.) You say, لَقِيتُ بِزَيْدٍ بَحْرًا (tropical:) [I found, in the place of Zeyd, a man of abundant generosity or beneficence]: ب here denoting substitution. (The Lubáb cited in the TA voce بِ.) And لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَحْرًا (tropical:) [I found him to be a man of exceeding generosity]; a phrase expressing an intensive degree of generosity: and رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ بَحْرًا [signifies the same]. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) b6: (tropical:) A man of extensive knowledge or science; one who takes a wide range in his knowledge or science. (B.) b7: (tropical:) Any person, or thing, that takes a wide range in a thing. (B.) b8: (assumed tropical:) Land of seed-produce and fruitfulness; or a tract, or region, in which are green herbs or leguminous plants, and waters; or the part of a country near to water; syn. رِيفٌ: (Aboo-' Alee, K:) and the dim. ↓ بُحَيْرٌ is used in the same sense; or, by poetic licence, for ↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ. (TA.) So in the Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ الفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ البَحْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Corruption hath appeared in the desert, or deserts, and in the land of seed-produce and fruitfulness; &c.]: (Aboo-'Alee, TA:) or the meaning here is, [in the desert, or deserts, and in the towns, or villages, in which is water: (see بَرٌّ:) or in the open country and] in the cities [or towns] upon the rivers; by sterility in the former, and scarcity in the latter: (Zj, TA, and T in art. بر:) or in the land and the sea; i. e., the land has become sterile, or unfruitful, and the supply of the sea has become cut off. (Az, TA.) See also بَحْرَةٌ. b9: Also, البَحْرُ, (S, K,) or بَحْرُ الرَّحِمِ, (A, Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) The bottom (عُمْق, S, A, Mgh, K, or قَعْر, IAth, TA) of the womb; fundus uteri: (S, A, Mgh, K:) whence blood of a pure red colour, (S,) or intensely red, (Mgh,) is termed بَحْرَانِىٌّ (S, Mgh) and بَاحِرٌ. (S.) بَحْرَةٌ A wide tract of land: so accord. to Aboo-Nasr: but in one place he says, a small valley in rugged land: pl. بِحَارٌ. (TA.) b2: A land, country, or territory, belonging to, or inhabited by, a people; syn. بَلْدَةٌ. (S, K.) One says, هٰذِهِ بَحْرَتُنَا This is our land, &c.; syn. أَرْضُنَا. (S.) It occurs also in the dim. form [↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ], as in the Towsheeh of El-Jelál. (TA.) b3: Any town, or village, that has a running river and wholesome water: (K:) and [absolutely] any town, or village: of such the Arabs say, هٰذِهِ بَحْرَتُنَا This is our town, or village: and the pl. بِحَارٌ they apply to cities, as well as towns, or villages. (TA.) b4: Low, or depressed, land: (IAar, K:) occurring also in the dim. form [↓ بُحَيْرَةٌ]. (TA.) b5: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ: (T, TA:) or one that is large, (K,) and wide. (TA.) b6: A place where water stagnates. (Sh, K.) b7: The pl. is ↓ بَحْرٌ, (as in some copies of the K, [or this is a coll. gen. n. of which بَحْرَةٌ is the n. un.,]) or بِحَرٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the TA,) or بُحْرٌ, (as in the CK,) and بِحَارٌ. (K.) A2: لَقِيتُهُ صَحْرَةَ بَحْرَةَ, (S, K,) and ↓ صُحْرَةَ بُحْرَةَ, as in the Expositions of the Tesheel, &c., (MF,) and صَحْرَةً بَحْرَةً, (K,) and ↓ صُحْرَةً بُحْرَةً, (MF,) I met him out, with nothing intervening between me and him; (S, L;) both of us being exposed to open view; (TA;) without anything concealing, or intervening. (K, TA.) صحرةَ بحرةَ, without tenween, is a compound denotative of state; not, as some say, consisting of two inf. ns.: and sometimes نَحْرَةً is added; in which case each of the three words is with tenween, decl.; and they do not form a compound. (MF. [But see صَحْرَة.)]

صُحْرَةَ بُحْرَةَ and صُحْرَةً بُحْرَةً: see بَحْرَةٌ.

بَحْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, or belonging to, the sea, or a great river; rel. n. of بَحْرٌ. (S, K.) b2: A seaman; a sailor; (TA;) as also ↓ بَحَّارٌ: (K:) and [↓ بَحْرِيَّةٌ and] ↓ بَحَّارَةٌ seamen; sailors. (K, TA.) b3: [In the dial. of Egypt, North; northern; because the Mediterranean Sea lies on the north of that country: like as, in Hebrew, יָם signifies “ west; ” because that sea lies on the west of Palestine.]

بَحْرِيَّةٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بُحْرَانٌ, a post-classical word, (S, K,) used by the physicians, signifying The crisis of a disease; the sudden change which happens to a sick person, (S, TA,) and the commencement of convalescence, (TA,) in acute diseases; (S, TA;) at a time fixed by some motion in the heavenly bodies, mostly by a motion of the moon; being a change to health or to the contrary: a word [said to be] of Greek origin. (The Nuzheh of the sheykh Dáwood El-Antákee, cited in the TA.) [Pl. بَحَارِينُ.] They say, هٰذَا يَوْمُ بُحْرَانٍ and يَوْمٌ

↓ بَاحُورِىٌّ [This is the day of a crisis of a disease]: باحورىّ being anomalous: (S, K:) [perhaps from البَاحُورُ signifying “ the moon,” because the crisis of a disease is thought to be mostly fixed by a motion of the moon: or] as though it were a rel. n. of بَاحُورٌ and بَاحُورَآءُ meaning the “ vehemence of heat in [the month of] تَمُّوز. ” (S.) دَمٌ بَحْرَانِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) Blood of the menses; accord. to El-Kutabee: or (assumed tropical:) intensely red blood: (Mgh:) or (assumed tropical:) intensely red, and thick, and abundant, menstrual blood: (IAth:) or (tropical:) black blood: (A:) or, as also ↓ دَمٌ بَاحِرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) (assumed tropical:) blood of the womb: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) blood of a pure red colour: (S, M, K:) or (assumed tropical:) such blood from the belly: (M:) or (assumed tropical:) pure blood of an intensely red colour: (Msb:) both from البَحْرُ signifying “ the bottom of the womb: ”: (S:) the former is a rel. n. therefrom, (A, IAth, Msb,) in which the ا and ن are added to give intensiveness to the signification, (IAth,) or to distinguish it from the rel. n. of البَحْرُ [in its most common sense]: (Msb:) or it is a rel. n. of البَحْرُ [in its most common sense], because of its abundance. (IAth.) b2: أَحْمَرُ بَحْرَانِىٌّ, and ↓ بَاحِرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ بَاحِرِىٌّ, (IAar, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Intense red. (TA.) بُحَيْرٌ dim. of بَحْرٌ, which see, in two places.

بَحِيرَةٌ A she-camel having her ear slit: (S, * A, Msb, K *:) [and, as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] a she-camel of which the mother was a سَائِبَة; (Fr, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e., of which the mother had brought forth ten females consecutively before her, and of which the ear was slit; (Mgh;) or of which the mother had brought forth five, of which five the last, if a male, was slaughtered and eaten, but if a female, her ear was slit and she was left with her mother; (Mgh, * Msb;) the predicament of which was the same as that of her mother; (Fr, S, K;) i. e., what was unlawful with respect to her mother was unlawful with respect to herself: (TA:) or a she-camel, or ewe, or she-goat, that had brought forth five young ones, and of which the fifth, if a male, was slaughtered, and its flesh was eaten by the men and women; but if a female, her ear was slit, and it was unlawful to the Arabs to eat her flesh and to drink her milk and to ride her; but when she died, her flesh was lawful to the women: (K:) so says Az, on the authority of Ibn-'Arafeh: (TA: [but it appears from the explanation in the Msb, quoted above, that it was the slit-eared young she-camel here mentioned, not the mother, that was thus termed:]) or a she-camel, or ewe, or she-goat, which, having brought forth ten young ones, had her ear slit, (K,) and no use was made of her milk nor of her back, (TA,) and she was left at liberty to pasture, (K,) and to go to water, (TA,) and her flesh, when she died, was made unlawful to the women of the Arabs, but was eaten by the men: (K:) or one that was left at liberty, without a pastor: (K:) or, as some say, syn. with سَائِبَةٌ; i. e., say they, a she-camel which, having brought forth seven young ones, had her ear slit, and was not ridden, nor used for carrying: (Msb:) or a she-camel that had brought forth five young ones, the last of which was a male, in which case her ear was slit, and she was exempted from being ridden and from carrying and from being slaughtered, and not prevented from taking of any water to which she came, nor from any pasturage, nor even ridden by a weary man who, having become unable to proceed in his journey, his means having failed him, or his camel that bore him stopping with him from fatigue or breaking down or perishing, might chance to find her: (Aboo-Is- hák the Grammarian, TA: [and the like, but less fully, is said in the Mgh:]) or, applied specially to a ewe, or she-goat, one that, having brought forth five young ones, had her ear slit: (L, K, TA: [in the CK, for بُحِرَت is put نُحِرَت:]) it also signifies a she-camel (L) abounding in milk: (L, K:) the pl. is بَحَائِرُ and بُحُرٌ; (L, K;) the latter a strange form of pl. of a fem. sing. such as بحيرة; and said to be the only instance of the kind except صُرُمٌ pl. of صَرِيمَةٌ, meaning “ having her ear cut off. ” (TA.) It is said in a trad., that the person who instituted the practices relative to the بحيرة and the حَامِى, and the first who altered the religion of Ishmael, was 'Amr the son of Loheí the son of Kama'ah the son of Jundab; and these practices are forbidden in the Kur v. 102. (TA.) بُحَيْرَةٌ A small sea; a lake: as though they imagined the word بَحْرَةٌ [as syn. with بَحْرٌ]: otherwise there is no reason for the ة. (M, TA.) b2: See also بَحْرٌ: and see بَحْرَةٌ, in two places.

بَحَّارٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بَحَّارَةٌ: see بَحْرِىٌّ.

بَاحِرٌ: see بَحْرَانِىٌّ, in three places.

بَاحِرِىٌّ: see بَحْرَانِىٌّ, in three places.

بَاحُورٌ and ↓بَاحُورَآءُ The vehemence of heat in [the Syrian month of] تَمُّوز or تَمُوز [corresponding to July, O. S.]: (S, K:) [pl. of the former بَوَاحِيرُ:] both are [said to be] post-classical words: (S:) but they are [classical words,] arabicized; for they occur in verses of the kind called رَجَز of some of the [early] Arabs. (MF.) A2: البَاحُورُ The moon. (Aboo-' Alee, K.) بَاحُورَآءُ: see بَاحُورٌ.

بَاحُورِىٌّ: see بُحْرَانٌ.

أُبَيْحِرٌ: dim. of بَحْرٌ, q. v. (K.)
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