ريش

1 رَاشَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. رَيْشٌ, (S, Mgh, TA,) He feathered it, namely, an arrow; stuck the feathers upon it: (S, A, * K:) or he repaired it, or put it into a right state, by putting the feathers upon it: (Mgh:) or he repaired, or put into a right state, its feathers: (Msb:) and ↓ ريّشهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَرْيِيشٌ, (TA,) signifies the same; (K;) and so ↓ ارتاشهُ. (TA.) It is said in a prov., فُلَانٌ لَا يَرِيشُ وَ لَا يَبْرِى [lit., Such a one neither feathers nor pares arrows]; meaning, (assumed tropical:) Such a one neither profits nor injures. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He fed him, and gave him drink, and clad him; namely, a friend: (K:) (assumed tropical:) he clad him, and aided him; namely, a poor man; because such is like a bird with a clipped wing: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) He (God) restored him, from a state of poverty, to wealth, or competence: (TA:) (tropical:) he strengthened his wing, [or power,] by beneficence to him: (A:) (tropical:) he rectified, or made good, or amended, his state, or condition, (S, K,) and profited him: (K:) (assumed tropical:) he did that which was a means of good to him: or he caused him to attain good: (Msb:) (assumed tropical:) he did good to him: (assumed tropical:) he strengthened him, and aided him to obtain his subsistence. (TA.) In the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, رَاشَ الغُصُونَ شَكِيرُهَا (assumed tropical:) [Their shoots clad the branches: or surpassed in length the branches:] it is said to mean كَسَا: or, accord. to AA, طَالَ: but the former meaning is the better known. (TA.) [It is also doubly trans.:] you say, رَاشَهُ اللّٰهُ مَالًا (assumed tropical:) God gave him property. (TA, from a trad.) A2: رَاشَ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) [seems to have originally signified, when used intransitively, He became feathered. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) He collected ريش, meaning, property, and أَثَاث [or household goods, or furniture and utensils, &c.]. (K, * TA.) b3: And He (a man) became rich, or in a state of competence: (Fr:) and ↓ تريّش (assumed tropical:) he became wealthy, or abundant in wealth. (Bd in vii. 25.) [See also 8].

A3: He (a bird) shed many feathers. (TA.) 2 رَيَّشَ see 1, first sentence.5 تَرَيَّشَ see 8, in two places: and see 1, last sentence but two.8 ارتاش (tropical:) He became strengthened in his wing, [or power,] by being an object of beneficence; as also ↓ تريّش: (A:) he became in a good state, or condition: (S:) he attained good: (Msb:) he obtained good, and the effect thereof was seen upon him; as also ↓ the latter verb. (TA.) [See also 1, last sentence but two.]

A2: ارتاشهُ: see 1, first sentence.

رَاشٌ A bird whose feathers have grown. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A man possessing property and clothing; as also ↓ أَرْيَشُ. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

رِيشٌ [Feathers; plumage;] a certain appertenance of birds, (S, A, Msb, K,) well known, (A, Msb,) constituting their clothing and ornament; (A, TA;) as also ↓ رَاشٌ: (KT, K:) n. un. of the former with ة: (S, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَرْيَاشٌ (S, K) and [of mult.] رِيَاشٌ. (IJ, K.) b2: Hence, (B,) (tropical:) Clothing: (ISk, B:) or superb, or excellent, clothing; as also ↓ رِيَاشٌ: (S, K:) or both signify what appears of clothing: (KT:) the former occurs in the Kur vii. 25, accord. to one reading; (S;) and ↓ the latter accord. to another reading: (TA:) and hence also, the former signifies (tropical:) ornament; and beauty: (A, TA: *) or ↓ both signify (assumed tropical:) property; and plenty, or abundance of the produce of the earth and of the goods or conveniences and comforts of life: (S:) or the former signifies (assumed tropical:) good; or prosperity; or wealth: (Msb:) and (assumed tropical:) state; or condition: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) property: (Msb:) and (tropical:) goodness of state or condition; (A, TA;) or a goodly state or condition: (Msb:) or the former signifies, (K,) and ↓ the latter also, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) plenty, or abundance of the produce of the earth and of the goods or conveniences and comforts of life; and the means of subsistence: (K, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) property which one has acquired for himself: and أَثَاث [or (assumed tropical:) household-goods, or furniture and utensils, &c.]: (TA:) the Benoo-Kiláb say that ↓ the latter word means (assumed tropical:) household-goods of whatever kind, consisting of clothes, or stuffing for mattresses or the like, or outer garments: and sometimes it means (tropical:) clothes, exclusively of other articles or kinds of property. (ISk, TA.) Yousay, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الرِّيشِ (tropical:) Verily he is goodly in clothing, or apparel. (TA.) Respecting the saying, أَعْطَاهُ مِائِةً بِرِيشِهَا, it is said, (S, A, * K,) by AO, (S,) that kings, when they gave a gift, put upon the humps of the camels [that bore it] ostrich-feathers, (S, K,) or [other] feathers, (A, TA,) in order that it might be known to be the king's gift; (S, A, K;) and the meaning is, accord. to As, [He gave him a hundred camels] with their saddles (S, A *) and their coverings: (S:) or with their coverings and their cloths beneath the saddles. (K.) رِيَاشٌ: see رِيشٌ, (of which it is a syn. as well as a pl.,) in several places.

رَائِشٌ: see مَرِيشٌ.

A2: Also (tropical:) An agent between two persons, (A, Mgh, K,) namely, the briber and the accepter of a bribe, (Mgh, K,) who composes their affair, (Mgh,) or who gives (يَرِيشُ) this one of the property of that. (A.) Such Mohammad cursed. (Mgh, TA.) [See رَاشٍ, in art. رشو.) أَرْيَشُ: see رَاشٌ.

مَرِيشٌ, applied to an arrow, Feathered; or having the feathers stuck upon it; (S, A, * K;) as also ↓ مُرَيَّشٌ: (A, K:) or having its feathers repaired, or put into a right state: (Msb:) and ↓ رَائِشٌ signifies [the same: (see رَاشَ:) or] having feathers; (K;) being like دَافِقٌ applied to water [in the sense of ذُو دَفْق]. (TA.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ أَقَذُّ وَ لَا مَرِيشٌ [lit., He has not a featherless arrow nor a feathered one]; meaning, (assumed tropical:) he has not anything. (S.) مُرَيَّشٌ: see مَرِيشٌ. b2: Also, applied to the kind of garment called بُرْد, (A, K,) an epithet similar to مُسَهَّمٌ: (A:) signifying (tropical:) Figured (Lh, K) with marks in the forms of feathers. (Lh.)

سوم

1 سَوْمٌ, inf. n. of سَامَ, primarily signifies The going, or going away, engaged, or occupied, in seeking, or in seeking for or after, or in seeking to find and take or to get, a thing: and sometimes it is used as meaning the going, or going away; as when it is said of camels [or the like]: and sometimes, as meaning the seeking, or seeking for or after, or seeking to find and take or to get; as when it relates to selling or buying. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: You say, سَامَتِ المَاشِيَةُ (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) or النَّعَمُ (M) or المَالُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْمٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) The cattle pastured (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) by themselves (Msb) where they pleased; and in like manner, الغَنَمُ [the sheep or goats]: or went away at random, or roved, pasturing where they pleased. (TA.) b3: [Hence, سام, inf n as above, He did as he pleased.] You say, خَلَّيْتُهُ وَسَوْمَهُ I left him to do as he pleased. (S, M, K * [In the CK, خَلّاهُ وَسَوَّمَهُ لِمَايُرِيدُهُ is put for خَلَّاهُ وَسَوْمَهُ لِمَا يُرِيدُهُ; and the like is done in one of my copies of the S. See also 2.]) b4: and سَامَ, (S,) or سَامَتِ الإِبِلُ, and الرِّيحُ, (M, K,) or الرِّيَاحُ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (S, M,) He, or it, (S,) or the camels, and the wind, (M, K,) or the winds, (S,) passed, went, or went on or along: (S, M, K:) or سَوْمٌ signifies the passing, &c., quickly; one says of a she camel, سَامَت, aor. and inf. n. as above, she passed, &c., quickly; (As, TA;) and hence the saying of Dhu-l-Bijádeyn cited in art. عرض, voce تَعَرَّضَ: or the passing, &c., quickly, with the desire of making a sound in going along. (TA.) b5: And سَامَتِ الطَّيْرُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) The birds went, [or hovered,] or circled, round about the thing: (M, K:) or, as some say, سَوْمٌ signifies any going, [or hovering,] or circling, round about. (M.) A2: [As mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] سَوْمٌ is also in selling and buying. (S.) You say, سام السِّلْعَةَ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Msb,) He (the seller) offered the commodity, or article of merchandise, (Mgh, Msb:) and it is also said of the purchaser, like ↓ اِسْتَامَهَا, (Mgh, Msb,) meaning he sought to obtain the sale of the commodity, or article of merchandise: and one says also of the seller, and of the purchaser, سام بِالسِّلْعَةِ, meaning he mentioned the price of the commodity [in offering it for sale, and in offering to purchase it]: (Msb:) and in like manner, سُمْتُ فُلَانًا سِلْعَتِى, inf. n. as above, I said to such a one, “Wilt thou take [or purchase] my commodity for such a price? ” (TA:) and سَامَنِى بِسِلْعَتِهِ he (the seller, Msb) mentioned to me the price of his commodity [in offering it for sale]: (Msb, TA:) [and, agreeably with these explanations,] Kr says that السَّوْمُ signifies العَرْضُ [i. e. the act of offering, &c.]: (M, TA:) or سُمْتُ بِالسِّلْعَةِ, inf. n. سَوْمٌ (M, K) and سُوَامٌ, with damm; (K, TK; [in the former only said to be syn. with سَوْمٌ in selling and buying;]) and ↓ سَاوَمْتُ, (M, K,) inf. n. سِوَامٌ; (TA;) and بِهَا ↓ اِسْتَمْتُ and عَلَيْهَا; signify غَالَيْتُ [which means I offered the commodity for sale, mentioning its price, and was exorbitant in my demand: and also I purchased the commodity for a dear, or an excessive, price: and both these meanings are app. here intended]: (M, K, TA:) and in like manner, السِّلْعَةَ ↓ اِسْتَمْتُهُ [I offered to him the commodity for sale, &c.: and I purchased of him the commodity, &c.]: (TA:) or, as some say, (so in the TA, but in the M and K “ and,”) this last, as also عَلَى السِّلْعَةِ, ↓ اِسْتَمْتُهُ, means ↓ سَأَلْتُهُ سَوْمَهَا [i. e. I asked him the price at which the commodity was to be sold]: (M, K, TA:) and سَامَنِيهَا, (M,) or ↓ سَاوَمَنِيهَا, (TA, [but the former is app. the right,]) means ↓ ذَكَرَ لِى سَوْمَهَا [i. e. he mentioned to me the price at which it was to be sold]: (M, TA:) you say also, عَلَيْهِ ↓ اِسْتَمْتُ بِسِلْعَتِى when you mention the price of the commodity [i. e. it means I mentioned to him the price at which I would sell my commodity]: and you say, مِنِّى سِلْعَتِى ↓ اِسْتَامَ when he is the person who offers to thee the price [i. e. it means he offered to me a price for my commodity; or he sought to obtain from me the sale of my commodity by offering a price for it]: (TA:) and عَلَىَّ ↓ اِسْتَامَ he contended [by bidding] against me in a sale: (S, * PS:) or عَلَىَّ السِّلْعَةَ ↓ اِسْتَامَ, which means استام عَلَى سَوْمِى [i. e. he sought to obtain the sale of the commodity in opposition to me, or to my seeking it]. (Msb. [See also 3.]) Hence, [Mo-hammad is related to have said,] لَا يَسُومُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ, (Mgh,) or لايسوم أَحَدُكُمْ على سوم اخيه, (Msb,) i. e. [The man, or any one of you,] shall not purchase [in opposition to his brother]: (Mgh, Msb:) and it may mean shall not sell; the case being that of a man's offering to the purchaser his commodity for a certain price, and another's then saying, “I have the like thereof for less than this price: ” so that the prohibition relates in common to the seller and the buyer: (M:) and the saying is also related otherwise, i. e. ↓ لَايَسْتَامُ, meaning shall not purchase. (Mgh.) And it is said in a trad., نَهَى عَنِ السَّوْمِ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ, meaning, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák, أَنْ بِسِلْعَتِهِ ↓ يُسَاوِمَ [i. e. He (Mohammad) forbade the offering a commodity for sale before the rising of the sun]; because that is a time in which God is to be praised, and one should not be diverted by other occupation: or, he says, it may mean the pasturing of camels; because, before sunrise, when the pasturage is moist with dew, it occasions a fatal disease. (TA.) You say also, سُمْتُكَ حَسَنَةً ↓ بَعِيرَكَ سِيمَةً [I have mentioned to thee a good price for thy camel]. (S.) And فِيهِ ↓ اِسْتَامَ غَالِيَةً ↓ سِيمَةً [He demanded for it a dear price]. (TA in art. حثر.) And سَامَهُ بِعَمَلٍ [He made to him an offer of working, mentioning the rate of payment; or bargained, or contracted, with him for work]. (K in art. عمل. [See also 3.]) b2: The Arabs also say, عَرَضَ عَلَىَّ سَوْمَ عَالَّةٍ [He offered to me in the manner of offering water to camels taking a second draught]; meaning like the saying of the vulgar, عَرْضَ سَابِرِىٍّ: (Ks, TA: [see art. سبر:]) a prov. applied to him who offers to thee that of which thou hast no need. (Sh, TA. [See also art. عل; and see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 84.]) b3: And you say, سَامَهُ الأمْرَ, (M, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. سَوْمٌ, (M, TA,) He imposed upon him, or made him to undertake, the affair, as a task, or in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience; or he ordered, required, or constrained, him to do the thing, it being difficult or troublesome or inconvenient: (M, K, TA:) or he brought upon him the affair, or event; (Zj, M, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَوَّمَهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَسْوِيمٌ: (TA:) or he endeavoured to induce him, or incited him, or made him, to do, or to incur, the affair, or event: (Sh, TA:) it is mostly used in relation to punishment, and evil, (Zj, M, K, TA,) and wrong-doing: and hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 46 and vii. 137 and xiv. 6], يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوْءَ الْعَذَابِ They bringing upon you evil punish-ment or torment: (Zj, M, TA:) or seeking, or desiring, for you evil punishment: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 46:) or endeavouring to induce you to incur it: (Ksh ibid.:) from سَامَهُ خَسْفًا [expl. by what here follows]. (Ksh and Bd ibid.) You say, سُمْتُهُ خَسْفًا I brought upon him خَسْف [i. e. wrong, or wrong treatment, as expl. in the Ksh and by Bd ubi suprà]: or I endeavoured to induce him to incur it (أَرَدْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ): (S:) [see also خَسْفٌ: and سُمْتُهُ خُطَّةَ خَسْفٍ; expl. in art. خط:] and سِيمَ الخَسْفَ He was constrained to incur, or to do, what is termed الخَسْف [meaning abasement or ignominy, or that which was difficult]: (TA:) and سُمْتُهُ ذُلًّا I abased him. (Msb.) A3: سَامَهُ, aor. as above, also signifies He kept, or clave, to it, not quitting it. (M, * TA.) A4: See also 4.2 سوّم الخَيْلَ, (S, K,) or الإِبِلَ, (M,) [inf n. تَسْوِيمٌ,] He sent forth (S, M, K) the horses, (S, K,) or the camels, (M,) [sometimes meaning] to the pasturage, to pasture where they would. (TA. [See also 4.]) b2: [Hence,] سوّمهُ means خَلَّاهُ وَسَوْمَهُ, (Az, S, M, K,) i. e. [He left him] to do as he pleased; namely, a man. (Az, S, K. [In the CK is a mistranscription in this place, before mentioned: see 1, fourth sentence.]) Whence the prov., عَبْدٌ وَسُوِّمَ A slave, and he has been left to do as he pleases. (TA.) b3: And سَوَّمْتُ فُلَانًا فِى مَالِى I gave such a one authority to judge, give judgment, pass sentence, or decide judicially, respecting my property. (AO, S: and in like manner سَوّمهُ فِى مَالِهِ is expl. in the M and K.) And سَوَّمْتُهُ أَمْرِى I made him to have the ordering and deciding of my affair, or case, to do what he would; like سَوَّفْتُهُ أَمْرِى. (TA in art. سوف.) b4: And سوّم عَلَى القَوْمِ He urged his horses [خَيْلَهُ being understood] against the people, or party, and made havoc among them. (S, K.) b5: and تَسْوِيمٌ signifies also The making a horse to sweat well. (KL.) b6: See also 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph.

A2: And سوّم الفَرَسَ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَسْوِيمٌ, (K,) He put a mark upon the horse: (M, K:) he marked the horse with a piece of silk (بحريرة [perhaps a mistranscription for بِحَدِيدَةٍ i. e. with an iron such as is used for branding]), or with something whereby he should be known. (Lth, TA.) See also 5. [And see 4.]3 سَاوَمْتُهُ (S, Msb) بِالسِّلْعَةِ (MA) [and فِى السِّلْعَةِ agreeably with what here follows and with an ex. in art. بكر], inf. n. سِوَامٌ (S, Msb) and مُسَاوَمَةٌ, (TA,) [I bargained, or chaffered, with him, or] I contended with him in bargaining, or chaffering, for the commodity, or article of merchandise, (MA, Msb, * TA,) and in deciding the price: (TA:) and ↓ تَسَاوَمْنَا (S, Msb, TA *) فِى السِّلْعَةِ (TA) [and بِالسِّلَعَةِ agreeably with what here precedes] We bargained, or chaffered, for the commodity, or article of merchandise, [or contended in doing so,] one offering it for a certain price, and another demanding it for a lower price. (Msb.) See also 1, in three places.4 اسام المَاشِيَةَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or الإِبِلَ, (M, K,) inf. n. إِسَامَةٌ, (Mgh,) He pastured the cattle, or the camels: (M, Mgh, K, TA:) or he sent forth, or took forth, the cattle, or the camels, to pasture: (S, TA:) or he made the cattle [or the camels] to pasture by themselves [where they pleased (see 1)]: (Msb:) and [in like manner] الإِبِلَ ↓ سُمْتُ I left the camels to pasture [by themselves where they pleased]. (Th, TA. [See also 2.]) Hence, in the Kur [xvi. 10], فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ (S) Upon which ye pasture your beasts. (Jel.) b2: [And accord. to Freytag, اسام occurs in the Deewán of Jereer as meaning He urged a horse to run: or, as some say, he marked a horse with some sign. See also 2.] b3: اسام إِلَيْهِ بِبَصَرِهِ He cast his eye, or eyes, at him, or it. (K.) A2: See also سَامَةٌ.5 تسوّم He set a mark, token, or badge, upon himself, whereby he might be known [in war &c.]. (S.) In a trad. (S, TA) respecting [the battle of] Bedr, (TA,) occur the words, تَسَوَّمُوا فَإِنَّ المَلَائِكَةَ قَدع تَسَوَّمَتْ, (S, TA,) or فانّ الملائكة قد ↓ سَوِّمُوا سَوَّمَتْ, accord. to different relations; i. e. Make ye a mark, token, or badge, for yourselves, whereby ye may know one another [in the fight, for the angels that are assisting you have done so]. (TA.) 6 تَسَاْوَمَ see 3.8 تُسْتَامُ ↓ مُسْتَامَةٌ, (M,) or أَرْضٌ تُسْتَامُ فِيهَا الإِبِلُ, (TA,) means A land in which the camels pasture by themselves where they please (تَسُومُ فِيهَا): (M:) or a land into which they go away [to pasture]. (TA.) [See also مَسَامٌ.]

A2: استام السّلْعَةَ: &c.: see 1, in ten places.

سَامٌ Death: (IAar, S, M, Mgh:) and سَامَةٌ [as its n. un.] a death: (IAar, TA:) but the former [signifies the same in Pers\., and] is said to be not Arabic. (TA.) It is related in a trad., respecting the salutation of the Jews, that they used to say, السَّامُ عَلَيْكُمْ [Death come upon you, instead of السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ]; and that he [i. e. Mo-hammad] used to reply, عَلَيْكُمْ; accord. to the generality of the relaters, وَعَلَيْكُمْ, but correctly without the و, because the و implies participation: and it is related of 'Áïsheh that she used to say to them, عَلَيْكُمُ السَّأْمُ وَالذَّأْمُ وَاللَّعْنَةُ, as mentioned in art. سأم: (TA:) the Jews are also related to have said [to the Muslims], عَلَيْكُمُ السَّامُ الدَّامُ meaning المَوْتُ الدَّائِمُ. (TA in art. دوم: see دَائِمٌ in that art.) A2: Also A kind of tree, of which are made the masts (أَدْقَال [pl. of دَقَلٌ]) of ships: (Kr, M, TA:) accord. to Sh, (TA,) the [tree called]

خَيْزُرَان. (K, TA. [And accord. to some copies of the K, سَامَةٌ also has this signification, and the signification expl. in the sentence here next following: but accord. to the text of the K as given in the TA, وَالسَّامَةُ has been erroneously substistituted in the copies above referred to for وَالسَّاقَةُ, which, by reason of what precedes it, means that سَامَةٌ also signifies the same as سَاقَةٌ; and if the former reading were right, the context in the K would imply that السامة is also the name of a son of Noah, which is incorrect; the name of that son being only سَامٌ.]) A3: Also A [hollow, or cavity, in the ground, such as is called] نُقْرَة, in which water remains, or stagnates, and collects. (K. [For the verb in this explanation, which is written يُنْقَعُ in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, I read يَنْقَعُ.]) A4: Also a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سَامَةٌ: (M, K:) the former signifies Veins of gold: and the latter, a single vein thereof: (S:) or the latter, a vein in a mountain, differing from its [general] nature; (M, K;) if running from east to west, not failing of its promise to yield silver: (M:) or the former, (M,) or latter, (K, TA,) gold, and silver; (M, K, TA;) accord. to As and IAar: (M, TA:) or, as some say, an ingot of gold, and of silver: (TA:) or veins of gold, and of silver, in the stone [or rock]: (M, K:) En-Nábighah El-Jaadee, (M,) or Edh-Dhubyánee, (TA,) uses السام as meaning silver; for he likens thereto a woman's front teeth in respect of their whiteness: (M, TA:) and Aboo-Sa'eed says that silver is called in Pers\. سِيمْ, and in Ar. سَامٌ: (TA:) but the meaning most commonly known is gold. (M, TA.) A poet says, (M,) namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, (S,) لَوَ انَّكَ تُلْقِى حَنْظَلًا فَوْقَ بَيْضِنَا تَدَحْرَجَ عَنْ ذِى سَامِهِ المُتَقَارِبِ (S, M,) [i. e. If thou threwest colocynths upon our helmets, they would roll along from what is gilded thereof, they being near together: لَوَ انَّكَ is for لَوْ أَنَّكَ: and] the ه in سَامِهِ relates to the بيض [which are described as] gilded therewith: (S:) the poet is describing the party as being close together in fight, so that colocynths, notwithstanding their smoothness and the evenness of their parts, if they fell upon their heads, would not reach the ground. (Th, S, * M.) سَوْمٌ [is originally an inf. n.: see 1, passim: A2: and is also used as a subst. signifying The price of any commodity, or article of merchandise; like

↓ سِيمَةٌ and ↓ سُومَةٌ]. You say, سَأَلْتُهُ سَوْمَهَا, and ذَكَرَ لِى سَوْمَهَا, referring to a سِلْعَة [or commodity]: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. And حَسَنَةً ↓ سُمْتُكَ بَعِيرَكَ سِيمَةً, and اِسْتَامَ غَالِيَةً ↓ فِيهِ سِيمَةً: see again 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. And ↓ إِنَّهُ لَغَالِى السِّيمَةِ (S, M, K) and ↓ السُّومَةِ, meaning السَّوْمِ [i. e. Verily it is dear in price]. (M, K.) ↓ سِيمَةٌ and ↓ سُومَةٌ are both substs. from سَامَ as used in the phrase سَامَنِى الرَّجُلُ بِسِلْعَتِهِ [and the like]; (TA;) syn. with قِيمَةٌ. (Har p. 435 in explanation of the former.) سَامَةٌ [as n. un. of سَامٌ: see the latter, first sentence, and last but one.

A2: Also] A حَفْر, (M, and so in copies of the K,) or حُفْرَة, (K accord. to the TA,) [i. e. hollow dug in the ground, app. to be filled with water for cattle,] by a well (عَلَى رَكِيَّةٍ): its pl. is سِيَمٌ [originally سِوَمٌ]: and you say, ↓ أَسَامَهَا, (M, K, TA,) inf. n. إِسَامَةٌ, meaning He dug it [i. e. the سامة]. (TA.) A3: Also i. q. سَاقَةٌ [q. v.], (K, accord. to the TA, [as mentioned above, see سَامٌ,]) on the authority of IAar. (TA.) سُومَةٌ; see سَوْمٌ, in three places.

A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سِيمَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ سِيمَى, also written سِيمَا, (S, M, K, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K,) and ↓ سِيمَآءُ and ↓ سِيمِيَآءُ, (S, M, K,) the last mentioned by As, (TA,) [and it occurs with tenween by poetic license, being properly like كِبْرِيَآءُ, a rare form, q. v.,] A mark, sign, token, or badge, by which a thing is known, (S, * M, K,) or by which the good is known from the bad: (TA:) accord. to J, (TA,) the سُومَة is a mark, &c., that is put upon a sheep or goat, and such as is used in war or battle; (S, TA;) whence the verb تَسَوَّمَ [q. v.]: (S:) and accord. to IAar the ↓ سِيمَة is a mark upon the wool of sheep; and its pl. is سِيَمٌ: [see also سِمَةٌ, in art. وسم:] accord. to IDrd, one says, ↓ عَلَيْهِ سِيمَى حَسَنَةً, meaning Upon him, or it, is a good mark &c.; and it is from وَسَمْتُ, aor. ـِ being originally وِسْمَى; the و being transposed, and changed into ى because of the kesreh before it: (TA:) this form occurs in the Kur [xlviii. 29], where it is said, سِيمَا هُمْ فِى وُجُوهِهِمْ [Their mark is upon their faces; and in several other places thereof]. (S.) سِيمَةٌ: see سَوْمٌ, in five places: A2: and see also سُومَةٌ, in two places. [For the meanings “ pactus ” and “ pastum missus,” assigned to it by Golius, as from the S, and copied by Freytag, I find no foundation.]

سِيمَى, also written سِيمَا: see سُومَةٌ, in two places.

سِيمَآءُ: see سُومَةٌ.

سِيمِيَآءُ: see سُومَةٌ. b2: [In the present day it is applied to Natural magic: from the Pers\. سِيمْيَا.]

سَوَامٌ: see سَائِمٌ.

A2: Also Two small hollows (نُقْرَتَانِ) beneath the eye of the horse. (K.) A3: [And accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen in a sense which he explains by “ Malum ” (an evil, &c.).]

سُوَامٌ [The offering a commodity for sale, &c.: see 1.

A2: Also] A certain bird. (K.) لَاسِيَّمَا: see art. سوى.

سَائِمٌ [Going, or going away, engaged, or occupied, in seeking, or in seeking for or after, or in seeking to find and take or to get, a thing: (see 1, first sentence:)] going away at random, or roving, wherever he will. (TA.) And [particularly], (S,) as also ↓ سَوَامٌ (As, S, M, K) and سَائِمَةٌ, (As, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) Cattle, (مَالٌ, S, TA, or مَاشِيَةٌ, Mgh, Msb,) or camels, (As, M, K, TA,) and sheep or goats, (TA,) pasturing (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) by themselves (Msb) where they please; (TA;) or sent forth to pasture, and not fed with fodder among the family [to whom they belong]; (As, Mgh, TA;) or pasturing in the deserts, left to go and pasture where they will: (TA:) the pl. of سَائِمٌ and of سَائِمَةٌ is سَوَائِمُ: (S:) the pass. part. n. مُسَامٌ is not used. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., فِى سَائِمَةِ الغَنَمِ زَكَاةٌ [In the case of pasturing sheep or goats, there is a poor-rate]. (TA.) And in another trad., السَّائِمَةُ جُبَارٌ, i. e. The beast (دَابَّة) that is sent away into its place of pasture, if it hurt a human being, the injury committed by it is a thing for which no mulct is exacted. (TA.) And it is related in a trad. respecting the emigration to Abyssinia, that the Nejáshee said to those who had emigrated to his country, اُمْكُثُوا فَأَنْتُمْ سُيُومٌ بِأَرَضِى, i. e. [Tarry ye, and ye will be] secure [in my land]: IAth says that thus it is explained: and سيوم is [said to be] an Abyssinian word: it is related also with fet-h to the س: and some say that سُيُومٌ is pl. of سَائِمٌ [like as شُهُودٌ is said to be of شَاهِدٌ]; i. e., ye shall rove (تَسُومُونَ) in my country like the sheep, or goats, pasturing where they please (كَالغَنَمِ السَّائِمَةِ), no one opposing you: (TA:) or, as some relate the trad., it is شُيُومٌ. (TA in art. شيم.) مَسَامٌ A place where cattle pasture by themselves where they please; a place where they rove about, pasturing: like أَرْضٌ مُسْتَامَةٌ. b2: Freytag explains it as meaning A place of passage: b3: and A quick passage: from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.]

مَسَامَةٌ A wide and thick piece of wood at the bottom of the قَاعِدَتَانِ [or two side-posts] of the door. (K.) b2: And A staff in the fore part of the [women's camel-vehicle called] هَــوْدَج. (K.) الخَيْلُ المُسَوَّمَةُ means The pastured horses: (S, Msb, TA:) or the horses sent forth with their riders upon them: (Az, Az, Msb, TA:) or it means, (TA,) or means also, (S, Msb,) the marked horses; (S, Msb, TA;) marked by a colour differing from the rest of the colour; or by branding: (TA:) or the horses of goodly make. (Ham p. 62, and TA. [See the Kur iii. 12.]) b2: مُسَوَّمِينَ, in the Kur [iii. 121], may mean, accord. to Akh, either Marked [by the colours, or the like, of their horses, so as to be distinguished from others], or sent forth; and is thus with ي and ن [because applied to rational beings, namely, angels, and] because the horses were marked, or sent forth, and upon them were their riders. (S.) b3: And حِجَارَةً مِنْ طِينٍ مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ, (S, * M, K, *) in the Kur [li. 33 and 34], (S, M,) means[Stones of baked clay] having upon them the semblance of seals [impressed in the presence of thy Lord], (S, K, Er-Rághib,) in order that they may be known to be from God: (Er-Rághib:) or marked (Zj, M, Bd, K, Jel) with whiteness and redness, (Zj, M, K,) as is related on the authority of El-Hasan, (Zj, M,) or with a mark whereby it shall be known that they are not of the stones of this world (M, K) but of the things wherewith God inflicts punishment, (M,) or [each] with the name of him upon whom it is to be cast: (Jel:) or sent forth: (Bd, TA:) but Er-Rághib says that the first is the proper way of explaining it. (TA.) مُسْتَامَةٌ, applied to a land (أَرْضٌ): see 8.

سدن

1 سَدَنَ, (S, L, K,) aor. ـُ (S, L,) inf. n. سَدْنٌ and سِدَانَةٌ, [or the latter, accord. to the Msb, seems to be a simple subst.,] He acted as minister, or servant, of the Kaabeh, and [so in the S and L, but in the K “ or ”] of the temple of idols; (S, L, K;) and performed the office of doorkeeper, or chamberlain. (K.) [And] سَدَنَ الكَعْبَةَ.

aor. ـُ inf. n. سَدْنٌ, has the former meaning. (Msb.) A 'Obeyd says, (L,) سِدَانَةُ الكَعْبَةِ signifies The ministry, or service, of the Kaabeh, (Mgh, L,) and the superintendence thereof, and the opening and locking of its door. (L.) The سِدَانَة and the لِوَآء [q. v.] belonged to [the family named] Benoo-'Abd-ed-Dár in the Time of Ignorance, and the Prophet confirmed it to them in El-Islám: (S, L:) [in the first age of ElIslám,] the سدانة of the Kaabeh belonged to the sons of 'Othmán Ibn-Talhah [of the family of Benoo-'Abd-ed-Dár]. (Mgh.) السِّدَانَةُ signifies [also (L)] الحِجَابَةُ [which seems to be properly a subst., meaning The office of door-keeper, or chamberlain, but here seems, from the context, to be used as an inf. n., meaning the performing that office]: you say, سَدَنَهُ, aor. as above, [app. meaning He acted as door-keeper, or chamberlain, to it, namely a temple, or for him:] (M, L:) or سَدَنَهُ, inf. n. سِدَانَةٌ, signifies he served it, or him. (MA.) A2: سَدَنَ ثَوْبَهُ, (S, L, K,) and السِّتْرَ, (S, L,) aor. ـِ and سَدُنَ, (K,) He (a man, S, L) let down, or lowered, his garment, (S, L, K,) and the curtain, or veil, (S, L,) and الشَّعَرض the hair; like سَدَلَهُ [which is held by some to be the original, the ن being held by them to be a substitute for ل: see سِدْنٌ]. (Fr, TA in art. سدل.) سَدْنٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

سِدْنٌ, (L, Msb,) or ↓ سَدْنٌ, (so in a copy of the M,) or ↓ سَدَنٌ, and ↓ سَدَانٌ, (K,) as also ↓ سَدِينٌ, (AA, L, K,) A curtain, or veil: (AA, M, L, Msb, K:) [like سِدْلٌ and سُدْلٌ:] pl. of the first (L) or second (M) [and app. of the last also, like as أَسْدَالٌ is pl. of سِدْلٌ or سُدْلٌ and also of سَدِيلٌ,] أَسْدَانٌ; in which the ن is said by some to be a substitute for ل: (M, L:) or أَسْدَانٌ is a dial. var. of أَسْدَالٌ signifying the سُدُول of the [kind of camel-vehicles for women called] هَوَادِج; (S, L;) [i. e.,] accord. to ISk, it signifies the pieces of cloth with which the هَــوْدَج is covered; (L;) as also سُدُونٌ; (As, TA voce سَدِيلٌ;) and its sing. is [سَدِينٌ, like سَدِيلٌ, or] ↓ سَدْنٌ. (L. [The last word is there thus written, in this instance, with fet-h.]) سَدَنٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَدَانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَدِينٌ: see سِدْنٌ. b2: Also Fat, as a subst. (AA, L, K.) b3: And Blood. (K.) b4: and Wool. (K.) سِدَانَةٌ Ministry, or service. (Msb.) [and particularly The ministry, or service, and superintendence, of a temple of idols; and afterwards, of the Kaabeh: see 1.]

سَادِنٌ A minister, or servant, of the Kaabeh, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) and [so in the S and L, but in the K “ or ”] of the temple of idols; (S, L, K;) and one who performs the office of doorkeeper, or chamberlain: (K:) pl. سَدَنَةٌ: (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K:) or سَدَنَةٌ signifies the doorkeepers, or chamberlains, (حُجَّاب, [pl. of حَاجِب,]) of the House [of God, i. e. the Kaabeh]; and the intendants of the idols in the Time of Ignorance; the latter being the primary application: (M, L:) but IB says that there is this difference between the سَادِن and the حَاجِب; that the latter precludes, and his license to do so belongs to another; whereas the سادن precludes, and his license to do so belongs to himself. (L.)

شخب

1 شَخَبَ, (Mgh, TA,) aor. ـُ [and شَخَبَ], inf. n. شَخْبٌ, said of milk, (Mgh,) and of anything, It flowed. (Mgh, TA.) And شَخَبْتُهُ I made it to flow. (Mgh.) You say, شَخَبَ اللَّبَنُ, aor. ـُ and شَخَبَ, (S, O, CK,) inf. n. شَخْبٌ, (S, O,) The milk flowed in an extended stream from the udder when milked; (S, O, CK;) and (assumed tropical:) in like manner one says of blood: (O:) or شَخَبَ اللَّبَنَ, aor. ـُ and شَخَبَ, he made the milk to flow in a continuous stream from the udder (K accord. to the TA [and accord. to the context in the K, in which it is immediately added فَانْشَخَبَ, showing that ↓ انشخب has the former of these two significations as quasi-pass. of شَخَبَ, and the like is said in the A,]) between the vessel and the teat. (TA.) Hence, i. e. from شَخَبَ اللَّبَنُ, the saying of ElKumeyt, وَوَحْوَحَ فِى حِضْنِ الفَتَاةِ ضَجِيعُهَا وَلَمْ يَكُ فِى النُّكْدِ المَقَالِيتِ مَشْخَبُ [And he who lay upon his side with her, or her bedfellow, breathed audibly, by reason of the cold, in the bosom of the young woman, and there was not, among the she-camels that had no young ones living, and that should therefore abound with milk, because not suckling, any flowing of milk in a continuous, or an extended, stream, or any time, or place, thereof, for مَشْخَبٌ may be, agreeably with a general rule, an inf. n. or a n. of time or of place]. (S.) And some expl. شَخْبٌ as signifying The sounding, or sound, of milk when it is being drawn from the udder. (TA.) One says also, شَخَبَتْ أَوْدَاجُ القَتِيلِ دَمًا i. e. (tropical:) [The external jugular veins of the slain person] streamed, or flowed with blood: (Msb, TA: * [and the like is said in the Mgh:]) and شَخَبْتُهُ أَنَا (assumed tropical:) [I made it to stream, or flow]: the verb being intrans. and trans. (Msb.) And هُوَ يَشْخُبُ دَمًا (assumed tropical:) He, or it, flows [or streams] with blood; the last word being in the accus. case as a specificative: and be, or it, pours forth, or makes to flow [or stream], blood; the last word, when this is the meaning, being in the accus. case as an objective complement: but the former is that which is commonly known. (Mgh.) and شَخَبَتْ يَدَاهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ (assumed tropical:) [His hands flowed, or streamed, with blood, until he died: or poured forth blood, &c.]: said, in a trad., of one whose knuckles, or finger-joints, were cut. (TA.) ↓ انشخب, also, is said of blood [as meaning (assumed tropical:) It flowed, or streamed]. (TA.) And دَمًا ↓ انشخب, said of a vein, means (assumed tropical:) It flowed, or streamed, with blood. (S, K, TA.) And it is said in a trad. respecting the حَوْض [or pool (of the Apostle)], يَشْخَُبُ فِيهِ مِيزَابَانِ مِنَ الجَنَّةِ (assumed tropical:) [Two spouts will pour forth into it from Paradise]. (TA.) And one says, شَخَبْتُ اللِّقَاحَ I milked the milch camels. (A, TA.) b2: And مَرَّ يَشْخَبُ فِى

الأَرْضِ (assumed tropical:) He went, or passed by, (O,) or ran, (El-Fáïk, TA,) swiftly [in the land, or upon the ground]. (El-Fáïk, O, TA.) 7 إِنْشَخَبَ see the preceding paragraph, in three places.

شَخْبٌ: see the next paragraph. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Blood. (K.) شُخْبٌ Milk coming forth, (A,) or milk that has come forth, (K,) from the udder, (A, K,) when drawn therefrom; (TA;) and so ↓ شَخْبٌ; (A, K;) which is also an inf. n.; (TA;) or this latter is an inf. n., (S, O,) and the former [is a subst. properly so called, and] signifies an extended stream of milk, (S, A, O,) like a thread, or string, (A,) when it is drawn from the udder; (S, A, O;) of the measure فُعْلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (A:) or the milk that comes forth from beneath the hand of the milker at each squeeze of the udder of the ewe or she-goat. (TA.) It is said in a prov., شُخْبٌ فِى الإِنَآءِ وَشُخْبٌ فِى الأَرْضِ, (S, Meyd, A, O,) i. e. One extended stream of milk from the udder into the vessel, and one &c. upon the ground: (Meyd:) applied to him who hits the mark one time and misses another time (S, Meyd, A, O) in what he says; or says right one time and wrong another time. (Meyd.) And in another prov., شُخْبٌ طَمَحَ An extended stream of milk from the udder that has fallen upon the ground so as to be unprofitable; for such is the meaning of طَمَحَ in this case: applied to a man who has made a slip, or mistake: or it means a good hap that has escaped one's opportunity to avail himself of it. (Meyd.) See also the next paragraph.

شُخْبَةٌ A single stream of milk from the udder; (A, K;) pl. شِخَابٌ [q. v.]: (K;) or it signifies, (K,) or so ↓ شُخْبٌ, (TA,) an extended stream of milk (K, TA) when it is drawn (TA) from the udder, streaming continuously (K, TA) between the vessel and the teat. (TA.) شِخَابٌ Milk when it is drawn from the udder: (A, K: [in which latter it is also said to be pl. of شُخْبَةٌ:]) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) وَدَجٌ شَخِيبٌ (assumed tropical:) [An external jugular vein] cut so that its blood has flowed, or streamed, forth. (TA.) أُشْخُوبٌ The sound of the streaming of milk. (S, O, K.) b2: [And it seems to be used as an epithet; for it is added that] one says, إِنَّهَا لَأُشْخُوبُ الأَحَالِيلِ [app. meaning Verily she is one whereof the orifices of the teats produce a sound by the streaming of the milk]. (S, O.) مَشْخَبٌ: see the verse in the first paragraph.

وخز

1 وَخَزَهُ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. وَخْزٌ (S, A, Msb, K) He pierced, stabbed, or pricked him, with a spear, (S, A, Msb, K,) or other thing, (K,) or with the like of a spear, as a dagger, (S,) and a needle, (A, Msb,) &c., (Msb,) not making the instrument to pass through: (S, A, Msb, K:) or, as some say, he did so making the instrument to pass through: in a trad., the plague (الطَّاعُون) is said to be a وَخْز inflicted by jinn, or genii; and the word in this instance is explained by some agreeably with the former rendering, and by some agreeably with the latter: or وَخْزٌ signifies a slight piercing, and is like a goading: so accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, who uses the expression وَخَزَ فِى

سَنَامِهَا بِمِبْضَعِهِ [He made a slight stab in her hump with his scarifier]. (TA.) وَخْزٌ also signifies The act of scarifying; syn. تَبْزِيغٌ. (K. [So in a MS copy of the K, and this is the right reading: in the TA, تَبْزِيع, written with ع, unpointed: in the CK, تَنْزِيع, with ن and ع instead of ب and غ.]) You say of a farrier, وَخَزَهُ بِمِبْضَعٍ وَخْزًا خَفِيفًا لَا يَبْلُغُ العَصَبَ [He scarified it with a scarifier slightly, not penetrating to the sinews]; the pronoun referring to the hoof of a horse or the like, and the place of the operation being the part called the أَشَاعِر. (Aboo-'Adnán, TA.) وَخْزٌ The plague; syn. طَاعُونٌ. (TA.) See above. b2: Pain: [or, app., a piercing, or pricking, pain:] as in the following ex.: إِنِّى لَأَجِدُ فِى يَدِى وخْزًا [Verily I feel, in my arm, or hand, a pain, or a piercing, or pricking, pain]. (IAar, TA.)

زوج

2 زوّج شَيْئًا بِشَىْءٍ, and زوّجهُ إِلَيْهِ, [inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ,] He coupled, or paired, a thing with a thing; united it to it as its fellow, or like. (TA.) So in the Kur [xliv. 54 and lii. 20], زَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ

We will couple them, or pair them, [with females having eyes like those of gazelles:] (S, Mgh, K, TA:) the meaning is not the تَزْوِيج commonly known, [i. e. marriage,] for there will be no [such] تزويج in Paradise. (MF, TA.) And so in the Kur [lxxxi. 7], وَإِذَا النُّفُوسُ زُوِّجَتْ and when the souls shall be coupled, or paired, or united with their fellows: (TA:) i. e., with their bodies: (Bd, Jel:) or, each with its register: (Bd:) or with its works: (Bd, TA:) or the souls of the believers with the حُور, and those of the unbelievers with the devils: (Bd:) or when each sect, or party, shall be united with those whom it has followed. (TA.) And so in the phrase, زَوَّجْتُ إِبِلِى I coupled, or paired, my camels, one with another: (A:) or زَوَّجْتُ بَيْنَ الإِبِلِ I coupled, or paired, every one of the camels with another. (TA.) So too in the Kur [xlii. 49], أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْرَانًا وَإِنَاثًا Or He maketh them couples, or pairs, males and females: or, accord. to AM, maketh them of different sorts [or sexes], males and females: for b2: تَزْوِيجٌ signifies [also] The making to be of different sorts or species [&c.]. (TA.) b3: زَوَّجْتُهُ امْرَأَةً, (T, S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) making the verb doubly trans. by itself, [without a particle,] meaning I married him, or gave him in marriage, to a woman; (Msb, TA;) as also بِامْرَأَةٍ; (A, K;) Akh says that this is allowable [app. as being of the dial. of Azd-Shanooäh (see 5)]: (Msb, TA:) [when the verb is trans. by means of بِ, it generally has the meaning expl. in the first sentence of this art.:] زَوَّجْتُ مِنْهُ امْرَأَةً is not of the language of the Arabs: (T, Mgh, TA:) [but see a similar phrase in a verse cited in art. حصن, conj. 4:] the lawyers say, زَوَّجْتُهُ مِنْهَا [meaning I married him to her]; but this is a phrase for which there is no reasonable way of accounting, unless that it is accord. to the opinion of those who hold that مِنْ may be redundant in an affirmative proposition, or that of those who hold that it may be substituted for بِ. (Msb.) 3 زاوجهُ, [inf. n. مُزَاوَجَةٌ and زِوَاجٌ] It, or he, was, or became, a couple, or pair, with it, or him: or made a coupling, or pairing, with it, or him. (MA.) [And زَاوَجَا They two formed together a couple, or pair.] b2: [And زاوجا, inf. n. as above, They married each other.] You say, هُذَيْلٌ يُزَاوِجُ عِكْرِمَةَ [The tribe of Hudheyl intermarry with that of 'Ikrimeh]. (A. [See also 6.]) b3: زاوج بَيْنَهُمَا and ↓ ازوج (tropical:) [He made them two (referring to sentences or phrases) to have a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or to be connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other]. (A, TA.) See also 8, in three places.4 أَزْوَجَ see the next preceding paragraph.5 تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً, (T, S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) meaning I married a woman; i. e., took a woman in marriage; took her as my wife; (Msb, TA;) as also بِامْرَأَةٍ; (A, * K;) or this is rare; (K;) Akh says that it is allowable; (Msb, TA;) and it is said to be of the dial. of AzdShanooäh, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) by Fr; (S, TA;) but accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) it is not of the language of the Arabs. (T, S, Mgh.) And تزوّج فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ (A, Msb, TA) He married, or took a wife, among the sons of such a one. (Msb, TA.) And تزوّج إِلَيْهِ i. q. خَاتَنَهُ [He allied himself to him by marriage]. (K in art. ختن.) b2: [Hence,] تزوّجهُ النَّوْمُ (assumed tropical:) Sleep pervaded him; syn. خَالَطَهُ. (K.) 6 تزاوج القَوْمُ and ↓ اِزْدَوَجُوا The people, or party, married one another; intermarried. (TA. [See also 3.]) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.8 اِزْدَوَجَتِ الطَّيْرُ [The birds coupled, or paired, one with another]. (TA.) b2: See also 6. b3: اِزْدَوَجَا and ↓ تَزَاوَجَا [and ↓ زَاوَجَا], said of two phrases, or sentences, (A, TA,) (tropical:) They bore a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or were connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: and in like manner, ازدوج and ↓ تزاوج, said of a phrase, or sentence, (tropical:) It was such that one part of it resembled another in the prose-rhyme, or in the measure: or consisted of two propositions connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: (TA:) اِزْدِوَاجٌ and ↓ مُزَاوَجَةٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ تَزَاوُجٌ (S) are syn.: (S, A, * K:) ازدواج signifies A conformity, or mutual resemblance, [with respect to sound, or measure,] of two words occurring near together; as in the phrase مِنْ سَبَأٍ بِنَبَأٍ

[in the Kur xxvii. 22]: (Kull p. 31:) and this is also termed ↓ مُزَاوَجَةٌ and مُحَاذَاةٌ and مُوَازَنَةٌ and مُقَابَلَةٌ and مُؤَازَاةٌ. (Marginal note in a copy of the Muzhir, 22nd نوع.) زَاجٌ [Vitriol;] a well-known kind of salt; (K, TA;) called شَبٌّ يَمَانِىٌّ; [but see شَبٌّ;] which is a medicinal substance, and one of the ingredients of ink: (Lth, TA:) [pl. زَاجَاتٌ, meaning species, or sorts, of vitriol; namely, green, or sulphate of iron, which is an ingredient in ink, and is generally meant by the term زاج when unrestricted by an epithet; blue, or sulphate of copper; and white, or sulphate of zinc:] it is a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) originally زاگ. (TA.) زَوْجٌ primarily signifies A sort of thing of any kind [that is one of a pair or couple]: and زَوْجَانِ signifies a pair, or couple, i. e. any two things paired or coupled together, whether they be likes or contraries: زَوْجٌ signifying either one of such two things: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, a sort of thing [absolutely]: (Mgh:) or a sort of thing having its like, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Msb,) as in the case of species; (Msb;) or having its contrary, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Msb,) as the moist and the dry, and the male and the female, and the night and the day, and the bitter and the sweet; (Msb;) though sometimes applied to any sort of thing; and to a single thing: (El-Ghooree, Mgh:) or it is applied to a single thing only when having with it a thing of the same kind; (Mgh, Msb;) زَوْجَانِ signifying a pair, or couple, of such things: (Mgh:) the pl. is أَزْوَاجِ: (TA:) you say زَوْجَانِ مِنْ حَمَامٍ and زَوْجَا حَمَامٍ [A pair of pigeons]: (A:) and اِشْتَرَيْتُ زَوْجَى حَمَامٍ [I bought a pair of pigeons], meaning a male and a female: (S:) and زَوْجَا نِعَالٍ [A pair of sandals]: (S, A:) and in like manner زَوْجَيْنِ is used in the Kur xi. 42 and xxiii. 28; (S;) meaning a male and a female: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to the M, زَوْجٌ signifies one of a pair or couple: and also a pair or couple together: (TA:) and in like manner says AO, (Mgh, Msb,) and IKt, and IF: (Msb:) and ISh says that it signifies two; (Mgh;) and so says IDrd: (Msb:) so that you say, هُمَا زَوْجٌ as well as هُمَا زَوْجَانِ [meaning They two are a pair, or couple]; (S, K, TA;) like as you say, هُمَا سَوَآءٌ and هُمَا سِيَّانِ: (S, TA:) and عِنْدِى زَوْجُ نِعَالٍ, meaning [I have] two [sandals]; and زَوْجَانِ, meaning four: (Msb:) or زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ as meaning a male and a female [of pigeons] is a phrase which should not be used; one to which the vulgar are addicted: (TA:) IAmb says, the vulgar are wrong in thinking that زَوْجٌ signifies two; for the Arabs used not to employ such a phrase as زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ, but used to say زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الحَمَامِ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) meaning a male and a female; (TA;) and زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الخِفَافِ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) meaning the right and the left [of boots]: (TA:) nor did they apply the term زَوْجٌ to one of birds, like as they applied the dual, زَوْجَانِ, to two; but they applied the term فَرْدٌ to the male, and فَرْدَةٌ to the female: (Mgh, Msb:) Es-Sijistánee, also, says that the term زَوْجٌ should not be applied to two, neither of birds nor of other things, for this is a usage of the ignorant; but to every two, زَوْجَانِ: (Msb:) Az says that the grammarians disapprove the saying of ISh that زَوْجٌ signifies two of any things, (Mgh, * TA,) and that زَوْجَانِ مِنْ خِفَافٍ signifies [Two pairs of boots, or] four [boots]; for زَوْجٌ with them signifies one [of a pair or couple]: a man and his wife [together] are termed زَوْجَانِ: and ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ in the Kur [vi. 144 and xxxix. 8] means Eight ones [of pairs or couples]: the primary meaning of زَوْجٌ being that first mentioned in this paragraph; (TA:) in the Kur xxii. 5 and 1. 7 [it seems to be implied that it means pair or couple; but more probably in these instances] it means sort, or species: (Bd, Jel:) it is also expl. by the word لَوْنٌ [used in this last sense]: (T, TA;) in the Kur xxxviii. 58, its pl. أَزْوَاجٌ means أَلْوَانٌ and أَنْوَاعٌ [i. e. sorts, or species] of punishment: F explains the sing. as meaning لَوْنٌ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ وَنَحْوِهِ [a sort, or species, of silk brocade and the like]; but his restricting the signification by the words من الديباج ونحوه is not right, as is shown by a citation, in the T, of a verse of El-Aashà, in which he uses the phrase كُلُّ زَوْجٍ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ [every sort, or species, of silk brocade], as an ex. of زوج in the sense of لون. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] A woman's husband: and a man's wife: in which latter sense ↓ زَوْجَةٌ is also used; (S, M, A, Mgh, * Msb, K; *) as in a verse of El-Farezdak cited in art بول, conj. 10; (S, Mgh;) but it is disallowed by As; (TA;) and the former word is the one of high authority, (Mgh, Msb,) and is that which occurs in the Kur, in ii. 33 and vii. 18, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and in iv. 24, (Mgh, TA,) and in xxxiii. 37: (Mgh:) AHát says that the people of Nejd call a wife ↓ زَوْجَةٌ, and that the people of the Haram use this word: but ISk says that the people of El-Hijáz call a wife زَوْجٌ; and the rest of the Arabs, ↓ زَوْجَةٌ: the lawyers use this latter word only, as applied to a wife, for the sake of perspicuity, fearing to confound the male with the female: (Msb:) the pl. of زَوْجٌ is أَزْوَاجٌ (Msb, K *) and زِوَجَةٌ; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ زَوْجَةٌ is زَوْجَاتٌ (A, Mgh, Msb) and أَزْوَاجٌ also; (A, Msb;) and أَزَاوِيجُ occurs [as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَزْوَاجُ,] in a verse cited by ISk. (TA in art. نأج.) b3: [Hence also,] A consociate, an associate, or a comrade: (A:) its pl. in this sense is أَزْوَاجٌ, (S, A, K,) occurring in the Kur xxxvii. 22. (S, A.) b4: And A fellow, or like: pl. أَزْوَاجٌ: in this sense, each one of a pair of boots is the زوج of the other; and the husband is the زوج of the wife; and the wife, the زوج of the husband. (TA.) You say, عِنْدِى مِنْ هٰذَا أَزْوَاجٌ I have, of this, fellows, or likes. (TA.) b5: As used by arithmeticians, (Mgh, Msb,) contr. of فَرْدٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e. it signifies An even number; a number that may be divided into two equal numbers; (Msb;) as, for instance, four, and eight, as opposed to three, and seven: (Mgh:) pl. أَزْوَاجٌ. (S, Mgh.) One says زَوْجٌ أَوْ فَرْدٌ [Even or odd?], like as one says خَسًا أَوْ زَكًا [or rather زَكًا أَوْ خَسًا] and شَفْعٌ أَوْ وِتْرٌ. (S, Mgh.) b6: Also A [kind of cloth such as is termed] نَمَط [q. v.]: or silk brocade; syn. دِيبَاجٌ: (TA:) or a نَمَط that is thrown over the [kind of vehicle called]

هَــوْدَج. (S, K, TA.) زِيجٌ: see art. زيج.

زَوْجَةٌ: see زَوْجٌ, in four places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

زَوْجِيَّةٌ and ↓ زَوَاجٌ [The marriage-state, or simply marriage]: the latter is a subst. from زَوَّجَ, [i. e. a quasi-inf. n.,] like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ, and كَلَامٌ from كَلَّمَ. (Msb.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِيَّةِ and ↓ الزَّوَاجِ [Between them two is the right of the marriage-state, or of marriage]: (A, Msb:) and الزِّوَاجِ is also allowable as [an inf. n. of 3,] coordinate to المُزَاوَجَة. (Msb.) زَوَاجٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

زَائِجَةٌ: see art زيج.

مِزْوَاجٌ A woman who marries often: (S, K:) one who has had many husbands. (K.)

زجر

1 زَجَرَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. زَجْرٌ, (S, A, Msb,) He chid him, by a cry, by his voice, or by reproof: (S, * K, * TA:) he checked him, restrained him, or forbade him, with rough speech: (TA:) or prevented, hindered, restrained, or withheld, him: or forbade, or prohibited, him: [by any kind of cry or speech:] as also ↓ ازدجرهُ; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) the latter originally ازتجرهُ: (Msb, TA:) عَنْ كَذَا from [doing] such a thing: (A, * Mgh, TA:) and عَنِ السُّوْءِ from evil. (TA.) b2: زَجَرَ الكَلْبَ, (K,) and السَّبُعَ, (TA,) and زَجَرَ بِهِ (K,) (assumed tropical:) He cried out to, or at, the dog, (K,) and the beast of prey, (TA,) in order that he might forbear, refrain, or abstain. (K, TA.) [See a tropical ex. voce حِنْوٌ.] b3: زَجَرَ البَعِيرَ (tropical:) He incited the camel to quickness: (TA:) he drove, or urged, the camel, (S, K, TA,) and incited him with a peculiar cry, so that he became excited, and went on: (TA:) he said to the camel حَوْبِ: and زَجَرَ النَّاقَةَ (assumed tropical:) He said to the she-camel حَلْ: (Az, TA:) and زَجَرَ الغَنَمَ (tropical:) He (a pastor) cried out to, or at, the sheep or goats: (A, Mgh, TA:) and in like manner, to or at, a horse or the like, and a camel, and a beast of prey, with a high, or loud, voice, and vehemently: (TA:) and الرِّيحُ تَزْجُرُ السَّحَابَ (tropical:) [The wind drives the clouds]. (A.) b4: زَجْرٌ signifies The driving away with crying or a cry: and by subsequent applications, sometimes, (assumed tropical:) the driving away: and sometimes (assumed tropical:) the crying, or crying out, or a cry. (B, TA.) b5: زَجَرَ الطَّائِرَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. زَجْرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ازدجرهُ; (K;) (tropical:) He chid the bird, auguring evil from it. (K, TA.) b6: And زَجَرَ الطَّيْرَ (tropical:) He threw a pebble at the birds, and cried out; and if, in flying, they turned their right sides towards him, he augured well from them; but if their left sides, evil. (A.) b7: Hence, (A,) زَجْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) The auguring from the flight, alightingplaces, cries, kinds, or names, of birds: (S, A, K:) you say, هُوَ يَزْجُرُ الطَّيْرَ He augurs from the flight, &c., of birds: (A:) or زَجْرٌ signifies the auguring well from a bird's or some other thing's سُنُوح [or turning the right side towards one, or the contrary], and evil from its بُرُوح [or turning the left side towards one, or the contrary]. (Zj.) And زَجَرَ غُرَابَ البَيْنِ means (assumed tropical:) He went away, departed, or journeyed. (Har p. 308.) b8: [Hence,] it also signifies (tropical:) The practising of divination: (K:) or a species thereof: you say, زَجَرْتُ أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ كَذَا وَكَذَا I have divined that it is so and so. (S, L.) [See also زَاجِرٌ] b9: زَجَرَتْ بِمَا فِى بَطْنِهَا (assumed tropical:) She (a camel) cast forth what was in her belly. (K, TA.) 6 تَزَاجَرُوا عَنِ المُنْكَرِ [They checked, restrained, or forbade, one another, with rough speech; or] they prevented, hindered, or withheld one another; or they forbade, or prohibited, one another; from abominable, foul, or evil, conduct. (A, Msb.) 7 انزجر and ↓ اِزْدَجَرَ He, being chidden, by a cry, by the voice, or by reproof; or being checked, restrained, or forbidden, with rough speech; (TA;) or being prevented, hindered, restrained, or withheld; or being forbidden or prohibited; refrained, forbore, or abstained; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) عَنْ كَذَا from [doing] such a thing. (Mgh, TA.) b2: ↓ ازْدُجِرَ, in the Kur liv. 9, means He was driven away. (TA.) b3: انزجر He (a dog) became urged, or incited, by a cry, to pursue the game. (Mgh.) 8 اِزْدَجَرَ, for اِزْتَجَرَ, trans. and intrans.: see 1 and 7; each in two places. Q. Q. 1 (accord. to the S). زَنْجَرَ: see art. زنجر.

زَجْرٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, A, Msb.) b2: A crying at camels [&c.], and an urging or inciting of them. (TA.) b3: A cry by which one chides, i. e., either checks or urges, a beast &c.; like صَهْ to a man, and عَدَسْ to a mule, &c. (The lexicons, passim.) A2: See also what next follows.

زَجَرٌ (Az, O, K) and ↓ زَجْرٌ (IDrd, O, K) Large fish, (K,) [i. e.] a species of large fish, (IDrd, O,) with small scales: (TA:) IDrd says, thus called by the people of El-'Irák, but I do not think the appellation to be genuine Arabic: (O:) pl. زُجُورٌ. (O, K.) زَجْرَةٌ A cry. (Mgh.) زَجُورٌ (tropical:) A she-camel that will not yield her milk abundantly until chidden: (A, K, TA:) or that yields her milk abundantly to her young one if beaten, but does not if let alone: (TA:) or (K, TA, but accord. to the CK “ and ”) a she-camel that knows [her young one] with her eye, but repudiates it with her nose [when she smells it]: (S, K:) and a she-camel that inclines to the young one of another, and not to her own, but only smells it, and refuses to yield her milk to it; syn. عَلُوقٌ. (K.) b2: It is also applied, metaphorically, as an epithet to war. (A, TA.) زَجَّارٌ One who chides, &c., much, or often.]

زَاجِرٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. b2: [Hence,] كَفَى

بِالقُرْآنِ زَاجِرًا (tropical:) [The Kur-án suffices as a chider, checker, restrainer, or forbidder]. (A, TA.) and الزَّاجِرُ (assumed tropical:) The exhorter, on the part of God, in the heart of the believer; i. e. the light shed into it, [or what we term the light of nature,] that invites him to the truth. (KT.) b3: الزَّاجِرَاتُ, in the Kur xxxvii. 2, means (tropical:) The angels who are the drivers of the clouds. (K, * TA.) b4: زَاجِرٌ also signifies (tropical:) A diviner; because, when he sees that which he thinks to be of evil omen, he cries out with a high, or loud, and vehement, voice, forbidding to undertake the thing in question. (Zj, TA.) b5: أَبُو زَاجِرٍ (assumed tropical:) The crow; because one augurs by means of it. (Har p. 662.) زَاجِرَةٌ a subst. formed from the epithet زَاجِرٌ by the addition of ة. Its pl. occurs in the saying,] كَرِّرَتْ عَلَى سَمْعِهِ المَوَاعِظُ وَالزَّوَاجِرُ (tropical:) [Exhortations, and chiding or restraining speeches, were repeated in his ears]. (A, TA.) زِنْجِيرٌ and زِنْجِيرَةٌ: see art. زنجر.

أَزْجَرُ A camel having a looseness in the vertebræ of his back, arising from disease, or from galls, or sores, produced by the saddle: (O, K: *) [or having a fracture in his back;] like أَخْزَلُ. (O.) مَزْجَرٌ [A place of زَجْر, i. e. chiding, &c.]. b2: [Hence,] هُوَ مِنِّى مَزْجَرَ الكَلْبِ, an elliptical phrase, meaning (tropical:) [He is, in relation to me, or مِنِّى is here used in the sense of عِنْدِى, i. e., in my estimation,] as though he were in the مزجر of the dog; (Sb, TA;) [i. e., as though he were to be chidden like the dog, and driven away;] said by Z to be tropical. (TA.) مَزْجَرَةٌ [A cause of زَجْر, i. e. chiding, &c.: a noun of the same class as مَبْخَلَةٌ &c.; pl. مَزَاجِرُ]. A poet says, مَنْ كَانَ لَا يَزْعُمُ أَنِّى شَاعِرُ فَلْيَدْنُ مِنِّى تَنْهَهُ المَزَاجِرُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He who will not assert that I am a poet, let him approach me:] preventing causes forbid him. (TA.) And one says, ذِكْرُ اللّٰهِ مَزْجَرَةٌ لِلشَّيْطَانِ (tropical:) [The remembrance, or the mention, of God is a cause of driving away the devil]. (A, TA.) مُزْدَجَرٌ, in the Kur liv. 4, (Bd, TA,) is [an inf. n.,] syn. with اِزْدِجَارٌ, (Bd,) meaning (assumed tropical:) Depulsion, and prevention, or prohibition, from the commission of sinful actions; (TA;) or from punishment: or it there means a threatening: and some read مَزَّجَرٌ, changing the د into ز, and incorporating it [into the preceding letter]. (Bd.)

فرت

1 فَرُتَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. فُرُوتَةٌ [said in the M to be a subst.], It (water, T, Msb) was, or became, sweet [or very sweet or most sweet (see فُرَاتٌ)]. (T, O, Msb, K.) A2: فَرَتَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ (M,) or ـُ (K,) inf. n فَرْتٌ, (M,) He acted vitiously, or unrighteously; or committed adultery, or fornication; syn. فَجَرَ. (M, K.) A3: فَرِتَ, [aor. ـَ He became weak in his intellect, after having possessed ample intelligence. (IAar, T, O, K.) فِرْتٌ i. q. فِتْرٌ [The space measured by the extension of the thumb and fore finger]; (IJ, M, K;) a dial. var. of the latter word; as though formed by transposition. (M.) فُرَاتٌ, applied to water, (T, S, M, &c.,) and فُرَاهٌ, both chaste forms, and well known, like تَابُوتٌ and تَابُوهٌ, (Towsheeh, MF, TA,) Sweet: (S, O:) or very sweet: (K:) or of the sweetest kind: (T, M, L:) or that subdues thirst by its excessive sweetness: (Bd in xxv. 55:) so called, accord. to Z, because it breaks the vehemence of thirst, and allays it; as though from رَفَتَ, and formed by transposition: (TA:) you say مَآءٌ فُرَاتٌ, (S, M, O, K,) and in a copy of the K فِرَاتٌ also, (TA,) and مِيَاهٌ فُرَاتٌ, (S, M, O, K,) and فِرْتَانٌ, (M, Msb, in copies of the K فُرْتَانٌ, and in the CK فَرْتَانٌ,) like غِرْبَانٌ [pl. of غُرَابٌ], when فُرَاتٌ is pluralized, but this is rarely the case. (Msb.) b2: الفُرَاتُ signifies also [The Euphrates;] the river of ElKoofeh; (S, Mgh, O, * K; *) a great, celebrated river, which issues from the limits of Er-Room, then passes by the borders of Syria &c., and, after meeting with the Tigris, forms therewith one river, and pours forth into the Sea [or Gulf] of Persia. (Msb, TA.) And الفُرَاتَانِ is an appellation applied to [The Euphrates and Tigris; i. e.] الفُرَاتُ and دِجْلَةُ: or, accord. to the S [and O] الفُرَاتُ and دُجَيْلٌ [The Euphrates and Dujeyl, which latter is a branch of the Tigris]. (TA.) b3: Also The sea: (M, K:) so in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb describing pearls as found therein. (M.) فَرْتَنَا, (M, K,) accord. to Ibn-Habeeb from فَرَتَ [q. v.], but accord. to Sb the ن is radical, (M,) or الغَرْتَنَا accord. to IB, (TA in art. فرتن,) The fornicatress, or adultress. (M and K in this art. * and in art. فرتن.) And The female slave: (Th, and S and K in art. فرتن:) or so الفَرْتَنَا: and اِبْنُ الفَرْتَنَاThe son of the female slave that is a fornicatress. (IAar, TA in that art.) And اِبْنُ فَرْتَنَا The low, ignoble, mean, or sordid. (El-Ah wal, IB, TA.) b2: Also, فَرْتَنَا, the name of A certain woman. (M and K in art. فرتن.) b3: And الفَرْتَنَا The young one of the hyena. (K in art. فرتن.)

ذبح

1 ذُبَحَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ذَبْحٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ذُبَاحٌ, (K,) He cut, or divided, lengthwise; clave; split; slit; rent, or rent open; ripped, or ripped open. (S, Msb, K.) [Accord. to Fei,] this is the primary signification. (Msb.) [But see what follows.] You say, ذَبَحَ فَأْرَةَ المِسْكَ (assumed tropical:) He (a perfumer, A) ripped open the follicle, or vesicle, of mush, (A, TA,) and took forth the mush that was in it. (TA.) [In the A and TA this is said to be tropical; the authors evidently holding it to be from ذَبَحَ in the sense here next following.] b2: He slaughtered [ for food, or sacrificed,] (L, TA) and animal, (Msb,) or a sheep or goat, (S, TA,) or an ox or a cow, and a sheep or goat, and the like, (Mgh,) [in the manner prescribed by the law, i. e.,] by cutting the وَدَجَــانِ [or two external jugular veins], (Mgh,) or by cutting the throat, from beneath, at the part next the head: (L, TA:) accord. to the K, i. q. نَحَرَ: but correctly, الذَّبْحُ is in the throat; and النَّحْرُ is in the pit above the breast, between the collar-bones, where camels are stabbed: the latter word is used in relation to camels and bulls and cows; and the former, in relation to other animals: or, not improbably, both may have originally signified the causing the soul to depart by wounding the throat, or the pit above the breast, which is the stabbing-place in the camel; and may then have been applied in peculiar [and different] senses by the lawyers. (MF. [See also ذَكَاةٌ, in art. ذكو.]) Also (assumed tropical:) He slaughtered, or slew, in any manner. (L.) [You say, ذَبَحَ عَنْهُ He slaughtered, or sacrificed, for him, by way of expiation.] And ذَبَحَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا (assumed tropical:) [They slaughtered, or slew, one another]. (S, K.) And أَخَذَهُمْ بَنُو فُلَانٍ بِالذُّبَاحِ (assumed tropical:) The sons of such a one slaughtered, or slew, them. (TA.) And ↓ ذبّح (inf. n. تَذْبِيحٌ, KL) signifies the same as ذَبَحَ, except that it applies [only] to many objects; whereas the latter applies to few and to many: thus it is said in the Kur [ii. 46, and in like manner in xiv. 6], يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْنَآءَكُمْ (assumed tropical:) [They slaughtering, or slaying, your sons], accord. to the reading commonly obtaining. (Aboo-Is-hák, TA.) b3: Hence, (tropical:) He killed; because الذَّبْحُ [in its proper sense, when the object is an animal,] is one of the quickest modes of killing. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (Mgh, TA,) cautioning against accepting the office of a Kádee, (Mgh,) مَنْ جُعِلَ قَاضِيًا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَكَأَنَّمَا ذُبِحَ بِغَيْرِ سِكِّينٍ (tropical:) [Whoso is made a Kádee among the people, he is as though he were slaughtered without a knife]: (Mgh, TA: *) expl. by some as meaning, (tropical:) he is as though he were killed [&c.]. (TA.) b4: [Hence, also, because الذَّبْحُ renders the flesh of an animal allowable, or lawful, as food,] (tropical:) It rendered allowable, or lawful: as salt and the sun and the fishes called نِينَان (pl. of نُونٌ) do wine, by changing its quality, as is said in a trad. (TA.) b5: Also (tropical:) He broached, or pierced, a دَنّ [or wine-jar, making a hole in the mouth, or removing the clay that closed the mouth], so as to draw forth the contents. (S, A, Msb, K.) b6: And (tropical:) He, or it, choked. (K, TA.) You say, ذَبَحَتْهُ العَبْرَةُ (tropical:) Weeping choked him. (A, TA.) b7: And, said of thirst, (tropical:) It affected him severely, or distressed him. (A, TA.) b8: ذَبَحَتِ اللِّحْيَةُ فُلَانًا (tropical:) The beard flowed down beneath the chin of such a one so that the anterior portion of the part beneath his lower jaw was apparent: in which case, the man is said to be بِلِحْيَتِهِ ↓ مَذْبُوحٌ. (K, TA.) 2 ذَبَّحَ see 1.

A2: تَذْبِيحٌ is [said to be] syn. with تَذْبِيحٌ, (K, TA,) in prayer: accord. to Hr, ذبّح رَأْسَهُ signifies He lowered his head, in inclining his body in prayer; like دبّح: and accord. to Lth, ذبّح signifies he lowered his head, in inclining his body in prayer, so that it became lower than his back: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that the correct word is دبّح, with the unpointed د. (TA.) 6 تذابحوا (assumed tropical:) They slaughtered, or slew, one another. (S, MA, K.) One says, التَّمَادُحُ التَّذَابُحُ (tropical:) [Mutual praising is mutual slaughtering]. (S, A.) 8 اِذَّبَحَ He took, or prepared, for himself a slaughtered [or sacrificed] animal. (S, K.) ذِبْحٌ An animal prepared for slaughter [or sacrifice; i. e. an intended victim]: (T, A, Msb, TA:) [see also ذَبِيحٌ, which occurs in this sense in a trad. as applied to a human being:] or an animal that is slaughtered [or sacrificed]; (S, Mgh, K, TA;) and so ↓ ذَبِيحَةٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) or this signifies a slaughtered [or sacrificed] sheep or goat; (TA;) and is [nominally] fem. of ذَبِيحٌ, but the ة is affixed only because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it: (S:) or the ذَبِيحٌ is added to denote that the word is applied to a sheep, or goat, [to be slaughtered or sacrificed,] not yet slaughtered [or sacrificed]; and when the act has been executed upon it, it is [said to be] ذَبِيحٌ: (M, voce رَمِيَّةٌ:) ذِبْحٌ is applied to an animal that is slaughtered either as a sacrifice on the occasion of the pilgrimage or otherwise; and is like طِحْنٌ in the sense of مَطْحُونٌ, and عِطْفٌ in the sense of مَعْطُوفٌ, &c.: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ ذَبِيحَةٌ is ذَبَائِحُ. (Mgh, Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxvii. 107], وَفَدَيْنَاهُ بِدِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ [And we ransomed him with a great victim]. (S, A.) الجِنِّ ↓ ذَبَائِحُ meansAnimals sacrificed to the Jinn, or Genii: for it was customary for a man, when he bought a house, or drew forth [for the first time] the water of a spring, and the like, to sacrifice an animal to the Jinn with the view of avoiding ill luck, (A, TA,) lest some disagreeable accident should happen to him from the Jinn thereof: (A:) and the doing this is forbidden. (A, TA.) A2: See also ذُبَحَةٌ.

ذُبَحٌ A certain plant which ostriches eat: (S:) this word and ↓ ذِبَحٌ signify the plant called الجَزَرُ البَّرىُّ, (K, TA,) which is of a red colour: and, accord. to the K, another plant: but correctly a red plant (نَبْتٌ أَحْمَرُ, not نبت آخَرُ,) having a stem, or root, (أَصْلٌ) from which is peeled off a black peel, whereupon there is taken forth a white substance, resembling a white خزرة [or bead, but perhaps this is a mistranscription for جَزَرَة, i. e. a carrot], which is sweet and good, and is eaten: [each word is a coll. gen. n.;] and the n. un. is ذُبَحَةٌ and ذِبَحَةٌ: so says AHn, on the authority of Fr: and he says also, on the authority of AA, that the ذُبَحَة is a tree that grows upon a stem, and in a manner resembling the كراث [app. كَرَاث, not كُرَّاث], and then has a yellow flower; its root is like a جزرة [i. e. جَزَرَة, or carrot], and it is sweet, and of a red colour: (TA:) or the ذُبَح is a plant having a stem, or root, (أَصْلٌ,) which is peeled, and there comes forth what resembles the جِزر [i. e. جِزَر or جَزَر, meaning carrot]; and a black skin is peeled from it; and it is sweet, and is eaten; and has a red flower. (Ham p. 777.) b2: Also, and ↓ ذِبَحٌ, (K,) the former the more common, (Th, TA,) A species of the كَمْأَةٌ [or truffle], (K,) of a white colour. (TA.) b3: See also ذُبَاحٌ.

ذِبَحٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

ذُبْحَةٌ: see ذُبَحَةٌ.

ذِبْحَةٌ A mode, or manner, of ذَبْح [i. e. slaughter, such as is described in the first paragraph of this art.]. (Mgh.) A2: See also what here next follows.

ذُبَحَةٌ (Az, S, A, K) and ↓ ذُبْحَهٌ, (As, A, K,) but this latter, which is used by the vulgar, was unknown to Az, (S,) and ↓ ذُبَاحٌ (A, K) and ↓ ذِبَحَةٌ and ↓ ذِبْحَةٌ and ↓ ذِبَاحٌ (K) and ↓ ذِبْحٌ, (TA,) A disease, (T, A,) or pain, (Az, S, K,) in the حَلْق [or fauces], (Az, T, S, A, K,) which sometimes kills: (T:) or blood which chokes and kills: (K:) or an ulcer that comes forth in the حَلْق [or fauces] of a man, like the ذِئْبَة that attacks the ass: (ISh, TA:) or an ulcer that appears in that part, obstructing it, and stopping the breath, and killing. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَتْهُ الذُّبَحَةُ [The ذبحة attacked him]. (S.) and ↓ الطَّمَعُ ذُبَاحٌ (tropical:) Covetousness is [like] a disease in the fauces: or a poisonous plant. (A.) and كَانَ ذٰلِكَ مِثْلَ الذُّبَحَةِ عَلَى النَّحْرِ [That was like the disease called ذبحة in the uppermost part of the breast]: a prov., applied to the case of a man whom one imagines to be a sincere friend, and who proves to be an evident enemy: (TA:) or كَانَ مِثْلَ الذُّبَحَةِ الخ He was like the ذبحة &c., a disease in the حَلْق, which does not quit the patient externally, and hurts him internally: said by him to whom you complain of one whom you imagined to be a sincere friend, and whose affection was outward, when his deceit has become manifest. (Meyd.) A2: دُبَحَةٌ is also the n. un. of ذُبَحٌ [q. v.]. (Fr, AHn.) ذِبَحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

A2: It is also the n. un. of ذِبَحٌ [q. v. voce ذَُبَحٌ]. (Fr, AHn.) ذُبَاحٌ A certain poisonous plant, (A, K, TA,) that kills the eater of it; as also ↓ ذُبَحٌ. (TA.) One says, الطَّمَعُ . ذُبَاحٌ: see ذُبَحَةٌ, in two places. b2: [Hence,] مَوْتٌ ذُبَاحٌ (assumed tropical:) A quick, or sudden, death. (L.) A2: See also ذُبَّاحٌ.

ذِبَاحٌ: see ذُبَحَةٌ.

ذَبِيحٌ and ↓ مَذْبُوحٌ signify the same [i. e. Cut, or divided, lengthwise; &c.: see 1]. (S, Msb, K, TA.) You say مِسْكٌ ذَبِيحٌ [for ذَبِيحٌ فَأْرَتُهُ], meaning (assumed tropical:) [Musk of which the follicle, or vesicle, is] ripped open. (A. [It is there said to be tropical: but see 1.]) b2: Both are [also] applied to an animal, (Msb,) or a sheep or goat, (TA,) [or an animal of the ox-kind, and a sheep or goat, and the like, (see 1,)] as meaning Slaughtered, in the manner described in the first paragraph of this art.: (TA:) the fem. of ذَبِيحٌ is with ة: (S, TA: [see ذَبِيحَةٌ below:]) but ذَبِيحٌ is used as a fem. epithet without the addition of ة: you say شَاةٌ ذَبِيحٌ as well as كَبْشٌ ذَبِيحٌ, because ذَبِيحٌ is an instance of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; though you say شاة ذَبِيحَةٌ also; and in like manner نَاقَةٌ: the pl. [of ذَبِيحٌ] is ذَبْحَى and ذَبَاحَى and [that of ذَبِيحَةٌ is] ذَبَائِحُ. (TA.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, describing wine, يُقَالُ لَهَا دَمُ الــوَدَجِ الذَّبِيحُ meaning المَذْبُوحُ عَنْهُ, i. e. [One would call it the blood of the external jugular vein,] for which it had been slit [to let it flow]. (AAF, TA.) and again he says, وَسِرْبٍ تَطَلَّى بِالعَبِيرِ كَأَنَّهُ دِمَآءُ ظِبَآءُ بِالنُّحُورِ ذَبِيحُ [app. meaning And many a bevy of women rubbed over with perfume compounded with saffron, as though it were the blood of gazelles, the gazelles whereof had been slaughtered in the upper parts of the breasts]: he applies ذبيح as an epithet to دمآء, meaning ذَبِيحٌ ظِبَاؤُهُ; and he applies it as an epithet to a pl. n. because it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ [in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ], for such an epithet is applicable to masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. nouns. (TA.) b3: ذَبِيحٌ also signifies An animal that is fit, or proper, to be slaughtered as a sacrifice: (ISk, S, K:) [or that is destined, or prepared, for sacrifice; i. e., an intended victim; like ذِبْحٌ; as appears from the fact that] الذَّبِيحُ is (assumed tropical:) a surname of Ismá'eel, or Ishmael; (K, * TA;) for, accord. to some [or rather the generality] of the Muslims, he was the son whom Abraham designed to sacrifice, though others say it was Isaac: (TA:) and أَنَا ابْنُ الذَّبِيحَيْنِ occurs in a trad. [as said by Mohammad, meaning (assumed tropical:) I am the son of the two intended victims; namely, Ismá'eel and 'Abd-Allah]; for 'Abd-El-Muttalib incurred the obligation to sacrifice his son 'Abd-Allah, the father of the Prophet, by reason of a vow, and ransomed him with a hundred camels. (K, * TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) A slain man. (A.) ذَبِيحَةٌ, and its pl. ذَبَائِحُ: see ذِبْحٌ, in three places.

ذَبَّاحٌ One whose occupation, or habit, is that of slaughtering sheep or the like. b2: And, in the present day, (assumed tropical:) An executioner.]

ذُبَّاحٌ (T, S, K) and sometimes ↓ ذُبَاحٌ, without teshdeed, (T, K,) the former the more common, (T, K,) but disallowed by AHeyth, who holds it to be one of the words of the measure فُعَالٌ denoting diseases, (TA,) (tropical:) Cracks in the inner [i. e. lower] sides of the toes, (S, K, TA,) next the fore part of the foot: (TA:) or a cut across the inner sides of the toes: (Ibn-Buzurj, T:) or a crack in the inner side, or sole, of the foot: (IAar, TA voce نَكْبَةٌ:) pl. ذَبَابِيحُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, مَا دُونَهُ شَوْكَةٌ وَلَا ذُبَّاحٌ (tropical:) [There is not in the way of its attainment a thorn nor are there any cracks in the inner sides of the toes, &c.: see also نَكْبَةٌ]. (S, TA.) ذَابِحٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. سَعْدُ الذَّابِحِ, (S, K,) or سَعْدٌ الذَّابِحُ, (so in one copy of the S,) (assumed tropical:) Two bright stars, between which is the space of a cubit (ذِرَاع), over against one of which (فِىنَحْرِ وَاحِدٍ

مِنْهُمَا) is a small star that, by reason of its nearness, is as though it [app. meaning the bright star, or the pair of bright stars,] were about to slaughter it; (S, K;) whence the appellation of الذَّابِح: (S:) the two stars [alpha and beta] which are in one of the horns of Capricornus; so called because of the small adjacent star, which is said to be the sheep or goat (شاة) of الذابح, which he is about to slaughter: (Kzw:) it is one of the Mansions of the Moon; (S, Kzw;) [namely, the Twenty-second Mansion: see also art. سعد: some give this appellation to the Twenty-third Mansion: and some, to the Twenty-fifth; but the two stars above mentioned are clearly the Twenty-second, with the place of which they agree accord. to those who make النَّوءُ to signify “ the auroral rising ” and those who make it to signify “ the auroral setting: ” see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] The Arabs [used to] say, إِذَا طَلَعَ الذَّابِحُ انْجَحَرَ النَّابِحُ (assumed tropical:) [When الذابح rises aurorally, the barker enters, or betakes itself to, its hole: the period of its auroral rising, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, being the 16th of January, O. S.]. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A mark made with a hot iron across the throat: or (assumed tropical:) the instrument with which it is made. (L, K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Hair growing between the part immediately beneath the lower jaw and the part [of the throat] in which an animal is slaughtered. (K.) ذَابِحَةٌ, of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, [with ة affixed because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it,] Any animal which it is allowable to slaughter, of camels, and bulls or cows, and sheep or goats, &c. (TA.) مَذْبَحٌ The place of [the slaughter termed]

الذَّبْح: (K:) i. e. the place, or spot of ground, where الذبح is performed: and the part of the throat which is the place of الذبح, which is that below the part beneath the lower jaw; (MF, TA;) or the حُلْقُوم [i. e. windpipe]. (Msb.) b2: (tropical:) The chancel of a church; i. e. the part of a church that is like the مِحْرَاب of a mosque: (A, * K, * Msb:) pl. مَذَابِحُ: (A, Msb, K:) the مَذَابِح are the مَحَارِيب (S, A, K) of the Christians; (A;) so called because of the oblations (قَرَابِين) there offered; (S, TA;) the مَقَاصِير (K, TA) in churches, pl. of مَقْصُورَةٌ; said to be the same as the محاريب: (TA:) and the places, (A,) or chambers, (K,) of the books of the Christians. (A, K.) b3: (tropical:) A trench (S, A, K) in the earth, measuring a span or the like [in width], (S, K,) such as is made by a torrent: (S, A:) the channel of a torrent in the lower part of the face of a mountain, or in a plain depressed tract, in width equal to the space measured by the extension of the thumb and first finger or little finger; and sometimes it is a natural trench in a plain tract of land, like a river, in which flows the water of that land: it is in all descriptions of land; in valleys &c., and in depressed tracts: (L:) and a kind of river; as though it clave [the earth] or were cleft: (TA:) pl. مَذَابِحُ. (S, A, L.) You say, غَادَرَ السَّيْلُ فِى الأَرْضِ مَذَابِحَ (assumed tropical:) [The torrent left in the ground trenches about a span wide]. (S.) مِذْبَحٌ A knife with which [the slaughter termed] الذَّبْح is performed: (Msb:) or a thing with which an animal is slaughtered in the manner termed ذَبْح, (T, K, *) whether it be a knife or some other thing. (T.) مَذْبُوحٌ: see ذَبِيحٌ. b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Clean, or pure; not requiring to be slaughtered; [as though it had been already slaughtered;] an epithet applied in a trad. to everything in the sea. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last sentence.

صدر

1 صَدَرَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb, K) and صَدِرَ, (K,) inf. n. صَدْرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and صُدُورٌ (A, TA) and مَصْدَرٌ (M, K) and مَزْدَرٌ because of the similarity [of the letters ص and ز], (M,) He returned, went back; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) and went, or turned, away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M, A,) and a country, (S, M,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) b2: Hence, صَدَرَ القَوْلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صُدُورٌ, (assumed tropical:) [The saying issued, proceeded, or emanated, عَنْهُ from him.] (Msb.) [And صَدَرَ عَنْهُ الفِعْلُ, with the same aor. and inf. n., (assumed tropical:) The action proceeded from him.] b3: And صَدَرَ إِلَيْهِ He went to it; namely, a place: (TA:) he came to it. (Kull. p. 228.) A2: صَدَرَهُ: see 4.

A3: Also, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صَدْرٌ, (M,) He hit, struck, or hurt, his صَدْر [i. e. breast]. (M, K.) You say, ضَرَبْتُهُ فَصَدَرْتُهُ I struck him and hit his breast. (A.) b2: And صَدِرَ He had a complaint of the صَدْر [or chest]. (M, K.) [See its part. n., below.]2 صدّرهُ: see 4.

A2: صدّر بَعِيرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ, (TA,) He tied a cord from the girth of his camel to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on his breast: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, (L,) one says, صدّر عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ, (M, L,) and the meaning is, he tied a cord from the تَصْدِير [or breast-girth] to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on the breast of his camel, to keep the تصدير in its place, when it had become loose in consequence of the animal's having become lank in the belly: the cord above mentioned is called سِنَافٌ [q. v.]. (Lth, L.) b2: And صدّر عَلَى البَعِيرِ [app. He put the breast-girth upon the camel]: from التَّصْدِيرُ, i. e. “ the girth ” [thus called]. (MA.) b3: صُدِّرَ His (a horse's) breast became wetted with sweat. (S.) See 5. b4: صدّرهُ, (TA,) or صدّرهُ فِى المَجْلِسِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He placed him, or seated him, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (TA.) And صُدِّرَ He was advanced, or promoted. (A.) b5: صدّر كِتَابَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) He put to his book, or writing, a صَدْر, (S, K, TA,) i. e. a title, or a commencement. (TA.) And صدّر كِتَابَهُ بِكَذَا (tropical:) [He commenced his book, or writing, with such a thing]. (A.) A3: See also 5, where it is expl. as intrans., in two places.3 مُصَادَرَةٌ signifies The returning, or going back, [app. with another, from water, &c.] (KL.) [The verb is probably trans., agreeably with general analogy, in all its senses; صادرهُ app. signifying primarily He returned, or went back, with him from water &c. b2: Ibr D thinks that it signifies also (assumed tropical:) He vied, or contended, with him for precedence, or priority.]

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The exacting a fine or the like [app. from another: or the suing, or prosecuting, another, for a debt &c.]. (KL.) You say, صادرهُ عَلَى كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (S, * K, * TA) (assumed tropical:) He desired, or sought, to obtain from him; or he demanded of him; or he sued, or prosecuted, him for; such a sum, or such an amount, of property. (K, * TA.) b2: And صَادَرْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَ ا وَكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I released him from my reckoning with him on such and such terms agreed upon by both. (TA in art. فرق.) And صُودِرَ عَلَى مَالٍ يُؤَدِّيهِ (assumed tropical:) He (an agent) was released from being reckoned with (فُورِقَ) on the condition of his paying certain property for which he became responsible: a phrase of the registrars of accounts. (TA in the present art.) 4 اصدرهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ صَدَرَهُ, (M, K,) and ↓ صدّرهُ, (K,) He caused him to return; sent him, or brought him, back, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, and a country [or place], (S,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) You say, أَصْدَرْنَا رِكَابَنَا We sent, or brought, back our riding-camels satisfied with drink so that it was not necessary for us to remain with them for the sake of the water. (TA.) And أَوْرَدَهُ وَأَصْدَرَهُ He brought it and he took it away. (Har p.

361.) b2: [Hence,] أَوْرَدَ وَأَصْدَرَ (tropical:) He began and completed. (TA.) You say, إِذَا أَوْرَدَ أَمْرًا أَصْدَرَهُ (tropical:) When he begins a thing, or an affair, he completes it. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يُورِدُ وَلَا يُصْدِرُ (tropical:) Such a one begins and does not complete. (A.) b3: and اصدر القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) [He issued forth the saying; made it to issue, proceed, or emanate, عَنْهُ from him]. (Msb. [See 1.]) [And اصدر عَنْهُ الفِعْلَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, made the action to proceed from him.]5 تصدّر He [a man, TA) erected his chest in sitting. (M, K.) b2: (tropical:) He [a horse) outreached the other horses with his chest; (M, K, * TA;) as also ↓ صدّر, (S, * M, MA, K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ: the latter verb is afterwards expl. in the K as meaning بَرَزَ بِرَأْسِهِ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Tufeyl says, describing a horse, مِنْ عَرَقٍ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا صَدَّرْنَ سِيدٌ تَمَطَّرَ جِنْحَ اللَّيْلِ مَبْلُولُ

As though he were, after they had outreached with their chests, from a row of [other] horses, [a wolf that had exposed himself to rain during a portion of the night, and had become wetted:] but accord. to one relation, it is ↓ صُدِّرْنَ, meaning their breasts were wetted [مِنْ عَرَقٍ] by reason of sweat: the former reading, however is the better. (S.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He sat, or became placed or seated, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (S, * K, * TA.) and He became advanced, or promoted. (A.) تصدّر لِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) [He became advanced to the foremost place for the conducting of the affairs of the people]. (Har p. 194.) 6 تصادروا [app. They returned together from water, &c.]. (A. [This meaning seems to be there indicated by the context.]) b2: And one says, تصادروا عَلَى مَا شَاؤُوا (tropical:) [app. meaning They released one another from being reckoned with, by mutual agreement, on such terms as they would: see 3]. (A.) صَدْرٌ Anything that fronts, or faces, one. (M, K.) b2: And hence, (M,) The صَدْر [i. e. breast, or chest, or bosom,] of a man, [often meaning his mind,] (M, Msb, K,) and of other than man: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: (Lh, S, M, K:) pl. صُدُورٌ, (S, M, Msb,) the only pl. form. (M.) [See also صُدْرَةٌ.] As to the saying of the poet, (S, M,) El-Aashà, (S,) وَتَشْرَقُ بِالقَوْلِ الَّذِى قَدْ أَذَعْتُهُ كَمَا شَرِقَتْ صَدْرُ القَنَاةِ مِنَ الدَّمِ

[And thou becomest, or wilt become, red by reason of the saying that I have published, like as the fore part of the spear becomes red from blood], (S, * M,) he has made صدر fem. because the صدر of the قناة is a part of the قناة; for they [sometimes] make a noun fem. when it is prefixed to a fem. noun: (S:) or if you will, you may say that he has made صدر fem. because he meant [thereby] the قناة; and if you will, you may say that the صدر of a قناة is a قناة. (M.) [Hence,] بَنَاتُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) The spaces between the bones of the breast. (M, TA.) [And also] (assumed tropical:) Anxieties. (T in art. بنى.) And ذَاتُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) What is in the minds. (Ksh and Bd and Jel in iii. 115, &c.) and ضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted. (Msb in art. ضيق. [See the Kur xv. 97 and xxvi. 12.]) And شَرَحَ بِالكُفْرِ صَدْرًا (assumed tropical:) He opened and dilated his bosom, meaning, was pleased, with infidelity. (Jel in xvi. 108.

[See also the similar phrases شَرَحَ اللّٰهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ and لِقَبُولِ الخَيْرِ expl. in art. شرح.]) And اِنْشَرَحَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom became dilated or enlarged [with joy]. (S in art. شرح.) And وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ and رَحِيبُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Ample, or dilated, in the breast, or bosom; [meaning free-minded; free from distress of mind; without care: and free from narrowness of mind; liberal, munificent, or generous.] (S and TA in art. رحب.) [and ضَيِّقُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Having the bosom, or mind, strait, or contracted.] And رَجُلٌ بَعِيدُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) A man who is not to be turned, or bent, or inclined. (M.) In the saying هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ مَنْ بِهِ صَدْرٌ إِلَّا

أَنْ يَنْفِثَ [meaning Is he who has the disease of the chest (دَآءُ الصَّدْرِ) able to do without spitting?], if it be correct, the prefixed noun [دآء] is suppressed. (Mgh.) [صَدْرُ الدَّجَاجَةِ, as said by Freytag, is the name of (assumed tropical:) The star γ of Cygnus.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The upper, or uppermost, part of the front of anything. (M, K.) [Hence,] صُدُورُ الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) The higher, or upper, parts, and fronts, or fore parts, of the valley; (M, K;) as also صَدَائِرُهُ, which is pl. of ↓ صَدَارَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ صِدَارَةٌ, (as in a copy of the M,) or ↓ صَادِرَةٌ, (as in the L,) or of ↓ صَدِيرَةٌ. (M, L, K.) And صَدْرُ المَجْلِسِ (assumed tropical:) The upper, or highest, part [or end] of the sitting-room, or sitting-place: (TA:) the elevated part thereof. (Msb.) b4: [(assumed tropical:) The fore part of anything. (assumed tropical:) The prow, or fore part, of a ship.] (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the foot, between the toes and the [protuberant part called the] حِمَارَة. (M.) (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the sandal, before the [hole through which is put the thong called the شِرَاك, i. e. the hole called the] خُرْت. (M.) (tropical:) The part of the arrow that is above the middle, as far as the مراش: (so in a copy of the A: [an evident mistranscription for رَأْس, i. e. head:]) or the part of the arrow that is beyond the middle, as far as the slender part, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is next the head; (M;) so called because it is the fore part when it is shot: (S, Msb, K:) and likewise of the spear [as in the verse cited above in this paragraph]. (M.) يَوْمٌ كَصَدْرِ الرُّمْحِ [lit. (assumed tropical:) A day like the fore part of the spear] means (assumed tropical:) a day of straitness and distress: accord. to Th, it is a day by which war, or battle, is peculiarly distinguished. (M, L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The first, first part, or commencement, of anything; (S, M, K;) even (assumed tropical:) of the day, (M, Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) of the night, and (assumed tropical:) of the winter, and (assumed tropical:) of the summer, and (assumed tropical:) the like, (M,) and (tropical:) of an affair. (A. [See an ex. voce عَجُزٌ.]) (tropical:) The title of a book or writing: and the first part, or commencement, thereof. (TA.) [(assumed tropical:) The first foot of the first hemistich of a verse.] And The first hemistich (altogether) of a verse. (O voce عَجُزٌ.) [And (assumed tropical:) The first verse of a قَصِيدَة.] b6: صَدْرُ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) The wide, or widening, part of the road. (Msb.) b7: صَدْرُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) The head, or chief, of the people, or party; as also ↓ المَصْدَرُ. (TA.) And hence, صَدْرُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) [The chief of the chiefs; a title applied to the prime minister of the king; and also to the chief judge; app., in the earlier times, to the former;] he who performs the onerous duties of the king, or of the state. (TA.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of a thing. (S, K.) صَدَرٌ a subst. signifying Return, (S, M, Msb, K,) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M,) and a country, (S,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair: (Lth:) as some say, from anything. (M.) Hence, طَوَافُ الصَّدَرِ, (K, TA, in the CK الصَّدْرِ,) i. e. The compassing of the Kaabeh on the occasion of the return of the pilgrims from ' Arafát. (TA.) [Hence also,] الصَّدَرُ The fourth day of the days of the sacrifice [performed by the pilgrims]: (M, K:) so called because the people then return from Mekkeh to their abodes. (M.) [And hence the saying,] تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ لَيْلَةِ الصَّدَرِ I left him as in the night preceding the fourth day of the days of the sacrifice: (A:) or [as in the night preceding the day] when the people return from their pilgrimage; (S;) meaning, (assumed tropical:) possessing nothing. (M.) A2: Also quasi-pl. n. of صَادِرٌ, q. v. (M, K.) صُدْرَةٌ The صَدْر [or breast] (M, K) of a man [or beast]: (TA:) or the prominent part of the upper portion thereof. (T, S, M, K.) b2: Hence, (S,) A certain garment [which covers the breast], (S, M,) well known: (K:) a short shirt: a short دِرْع: and the dim., ↓ صُدَيْرَةٌ, is applied to a short shirt which is worn next the body. (TA.) [In the present day, صُدَيْرِى, which is a corruption of the dim., is applied to A kind of waistcoat; a short vest without sleeves: and its pl. is صُدَيْرِيَات.] See also the next paragraph.

صِدَارٌ A certain garment, of which the head, or upper part, is like the مِقْنَعَة, [covering the head,] and the lower part of which covers the breast (M, K) and the shoulders: (M:) a woman in mourning for the death of her husband or relation used to wear a صدار of wool: (Az:) or i. q. ↓ صُدْرَةٌ [q. v.] and مِجْوَلٌ and أُصْدَةٌ: (IAar:) or a certain garment with which the head and breast are covered, worn by a woman in mourning for her husband: (A:) or a small shirt worn next the body: (S:) or a دِرْع worn next the breast: (As:) or i. q. إِتْبٌ [q. v.]. (T in art. اتب.) It is said in a prov., كُلُّ ذَاتِ صِدَارٍ خَالَةٌ [Every female having a صدار is as a maternal aunt]: i. e., it is incumbent on a man to be jealous for every woman like as he is jealous for his women under covert, or the females of his family whom he is under an obligation to respect and protect. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 310.]) b2: Also A certain mark made with a hot iron upon the breast of a camel. (S.) صَدَارَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Precedence, or priority. (TA.) b2: See also صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صِدَارَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صَدِيرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صُدَيْرَةٌ dim. of صُدْرَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) صَادِرٌ Returning [from water, &c.]; going, or turning, back, or away: (TA:) quasi-pl. n.

↓ صَدَرٌ. (M, K.) b2: [Hence the saying,] مَا لَهُ صَادِرٌ وَلَا وَارِدٌ (tropical:) He has not anything: (M, K:) or he has not a thing nor a people. (Lh, M.) b3: And طَرِيقٌ صَادِرٌ (tropical:) A road, or way, by which people return from water: (S, M, A, K:) opposed to طَرِيقٌ وَارِدٌ. (M, A.) صَادِرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

أَصْدَرُ A man (M) having a large breast, or chest; (M, K, TA;) i. e. having the breast, or chest, or the upper part thereof, prominent; as also ↓ مُصَدَّرٌ. (TA.) A2: الأَصْدَرَانِ Two veins (M, K) that beat, or pulse, (M,) beneath the temples: (M, K:) or the two sides of a man: or the two shoulder-joints: (TA:) the word has no singular. (M.) [Hence the saying,] جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ أَصْدَرَيْهِ; (M, Meyd, K, TA;) and some say أَسْدَرَيْهِ [q. v.], (Meyd, TA,) and this is the original; (Meyd;) and some, أَزْدَرَيْهِ; (Meyd, TA;) a prov.; (M, Meyd, TA;) meaning He came beating [with his hand] his two sides, (TA,) or his two shoulderjoints: (Meyd, TA:) i. e. he came empty [-handed]; (M, Meyd, K, * TA;) not having accomplished the object of his desire: (Meyd:) or he came exulting, or behaving insolently, (Meyd, and Har p. 603,) not knowing where were his أَصْدَرَانِ: so accord. to Yoo: and some say, جَآءَ بَضْرِبُ بِأَصْدَرَيْهِ. (Har.) تَصْدِيرٌ [a subst. like تَذْرِيعٌ and تَنْبِيتٌ] The [fore-girth, i. e. breast-girth, or] girth that is upon the breast of the camel: (S, A: *) [the hind girth, or belly-girth,] that which is next the ثِيل, is called the حَقَب: (S:) or the girth of the camel's saddle (الرَّحْل), and of the [camel-vehicle called] هَــوْدَج. (M.) مَصْدَرٌ A place of returning or going back, (S, TA,) or of going, or turning, away [from water, and from a country or place, and (assumed tropical:) from an affair or thing]. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: [Hence, مَصْدَرُ أَمْرٍ (tropical:) The way of return from, or of completing, a thing or an affair: opposed to مَوْرِدُهُ.] One says, هُوَ يَعْرِفُ مَوَارِدَ الأُمُورِ وَمَصَادِرَهَا (tropical:) [He knows the ways of betaking himself to things or affairs, and the ways of withdrawing himself from them; or of commencing them and of completing them]. (A.) [See also another ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.] b3: And hence [also], the مَصَادِر [pl. of مَصْدَر] of verbs: (S, TA:) مَصْدَرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The root of a word, from which proceed the derivatives of verbs: (Lth, TA:) [in this sense it is a conventional term of grammar and lexicology, not belonging to the classical language; but on account of the importance of understanding its true application in lexicology, it is necessary to give here a full explanation of it: it is, agreeably with its etymology, the source (lit. place) of derivation, accord. to the grammarians of ElBasrah; and is what I term an infinitive noun: it is defined as] a noun signifying, by its original application, an accident as subsisting in, or proceeding from, an agent (as الفَرَحُ [“ the being joyful ”], الضَّرْبُ [“ the act of beating ”], and القُعُودُ [“ the act of sitting ”]), or affecting an object of action, (as الجُنُونُ [“ the being possessed by a jinnee ”]), conformable to its verb, so as to comprise all the letters in that verb, either literally (as in the instances above) or virtually (as in القِتَالُ [“ the act of fighting ”], which wants the ا that is before the ت in the verb, yet wants it as to the letter only, and not virtually, wherefore it is sometimes pronounced as if with the said letter, as in قَاتَلَ قِيتَالًا, but the ا is changed into ى on account of the kesr of the letter before it), or substituting another letter for any of those letters that it wants (as in العِدَةُ [“ the act of promising ”], which wants the و that is in its verb as to the letter and virtually, but has ة substituted for it [by way of compensation]): (from a comparison of definitions &c. in the Expos. of the “ Kitab Hodood en-Nahw ” by the author of the work thus entitled, arts. مصدر and اسم مصدر; the Expos. of the “ Shudhoor edh-Dhahab ” by the author of the work thus entitled, section on the nouns that govern as verbs; I' Ak; &c.:) but the grammarians of El-Koofeh hold that the verb is the root, and that the مصدر is derived from it: (I' Ak p. 148:) some مصادر, moreover, are derived from real (as opposed to ideal) substantives, as التَّحَجُّرُ [“ the becoming stone ”] from الحَجَرُ [“ stone ”]. (Kull p. 327.) The مصدر has the same government as its own verb: it is often, and may be at pleasure, used as an ideal subst. or abstract noun: and it is often employed in the place of an act. or a pass. part. n.: (Kull, &c.:) [when thus used as an epithet, it is employed alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.:] accord. to Zj, every مصدر used as an epithet is for ذُو [or ذَات &c.] followed by the مصدر, and therefore it has no dual nor pl. [nor fem.] form. (TA voce حَرَضٌ.) [It has also other uses, which are expl. in the grammars. Used as a مَصْدَر, it is sometimes made fem.; as it is also when used in the sense of a noun that is properly fem.: see صَرْفٌ, third sentence.] b4: اِسْمُ مَصْدَرٍ, called by some اِسْمٌ لِلْمَصْدَرِ, is a term applied to [(assumed tropical:) A quasi-infinitive noun; i. e.] a noun which is not a مصدر, but which is occasionally used in the place of a مصدر; like as a مصدر is used in the place of an act. part. n., and in that of a pass. part. n.: such as الوُضُوْءُ for التَّوَضُّؤُ [“ the performing of the ablution preparatory to prayer ”], and الغُسْلُ for الاِغْتِسَالُ [“ the washing of oneself ”]; each of which wants somewhat that is in its verb without substituting anything for that which is wanting. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb el-Hodood,” cited above.) This kind of noun the grammarians of El-Koofeh and Baghdád allow to govern as a مصدر; but the grammarians of ElBasrah hold that the noun governed in the accus. case in each of the exs. adduced by the former as confirmatory of their opinion is so governed by a verb understood. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”

ubi suprà.) It is also applied to A proper name signifying an accident [or attribute]; as فَجَارِ and حَمَادِ, proper names, by original application, for الفَجْرَةُ and المَحْمَدَةُ [“ vice ” and “ praise ”] and the like: and this kind does not govern as a مصدر. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb Hodood enNahw,” ubi suprà; and Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) It is also applied to [what is more properly termed اِسْمٌ لِلْمَعْنَى الحَاصِلِ بِالمَصْدَرِ, by some termed simply حَاصِلٌ بِالمَصْدَرِ, i. e. An ideal substantive, or abstract noun;] a noun applied to signify an accident [or attribute] considered abstractedly [such as صَدَرٌ signifying

“ return; ” and this kind is commonly termed in the lexicons simply an اِسْم as distinguished from a مصدر]. (Kull p. 327.) Some apply it also to what is [properly] termed مَصْدَرٌ مِيمِىٌّ [i. e. A مصدر commencing with an augmentative م], if not of the measure مُفَاعَلَةٌ: but such is really a مَصْدَر. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) And some of the grammarians [and of the lexicographers likewise] apply it to A noun that signifies the instrument [or means] with [or by] which the action signified by a مصدر is performed: as الأُكْلُ [“ food,” as being “ that by means of which the act of eating (الأَكْلُ) is performed ”]. (Kull, ubi suprà.) b5: See also صَدْرٌ, last sentence but two.

مُصْدِرٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v. b2: ] (tropical:) A man who completes things or affairs. (A.) A2: and One of the names of the month جُمَادَى الأُولَى: (M, K:) [ISd says,] I think it to be of the dial. of [the tribe of] 'Ad. (M.) مَصْدَرَةُ القَوْمِ (tropical:) Those who are made to have the precedence, or priority, of the people, or party. (A, TA.) مَصْدَرِىٌّ, as a grammatical term, Of, or relating to, the مَصْدَر. See the particles أَنْ and كَىْ &c.]

مُصَدَّرٌ A man (M) strong in the chest; (S, M, K;) and in like manner a lion, (M, A,) and a wolf: (M:) and the lion; (S, K;) and the wolf; (K;) because they are strong in the chest. (TA.) b2: See also أَصْدَرُ. b3: A horse to whose breast the sweat has reached. (M, K.) b4: A horse, and a sheep or goat, white in the upper part (لَبَّة) of the breast: (M, K:) or (with ة, A) a ewe having a black breast, (M, A, K,) the rest of her being white. (M.) b5: (tropical:) A horse that outreaches others (IAar, M, A, K) with his breast: (TA:) IAar does not mention the breast. (M, TA.) [Accord. to rule, this should be مُصَدِّرٌ, as is shown by a verse cited above: see 5.] b6: (tropical:) An arrow thick in the part called the صَدْر. (M, A, K.) b7: And المُصَدَّرُ is a name applied to (assumed tropical:) The first of the arrows termed غُفْل, (M, K,) which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion [and no fine, in the game called المَيْسِر]; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from a dislike of suspicion [of foul play]. (Lh, M. [See السَّفِيحُ and المَنِيحُ.]) مَصْدُورٌ A man (A &c.) having a complaint of the chest. (S, A, Mgh, Msb.) 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Otbeh, on its being said to him, How long wilt thou utter this poetry? replied, لَا بُدَّ لِلْمَصْدُورِ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْعُلَا To him who has a complaint of the chest, there is no avoiding coughing. (TA. [See also نَفَثَ.]) b2: It is also often used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Grieved, afflicted, or vexed. (TA in art. نفث.)