طلح

1 طَلِحَتِ الإِبِلُ, (S, A,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. طَلَحٌ, (TA,) The camels had a complaint (S, A) of their bellies (S) from eating of the trees called طَلْح. (S, A. [But see إِبِلٌ.]) b2: and طَلِحَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. as above, (TK,) He (a man, TK,) was, or became, empty, or void of food, in his belly; as also طُلِحَ, like عُنِىَ. (K.) A2: طَلَحَ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. طَلْحٌ and طَلَاحَةٌ, (M, K,) said of a camel, (S, M, A, K,) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated, by reason of fatigue, or of disease: (A:) or fatigued, or wearied: (ISk, S, K:) or injured, or hurt, by fatigue: (Az, T, TA:) or he was, or became, fatigued, and fell down by reason of travel: (M, TA:) or طَلِحَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَلَحٌ; and طَلَحَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَلْحٌ; he was, or became, fatigued: or lean, by reason of fatigue, or of disease. (MA.) b2: And طَلَحَ, inf. n. طَلَاحٌ, (tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, bad, corrupt, or vicious. (A, L. [See طَلَاحٌ below.]) A3: طَلَحَهُ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. طَلْحٌ,] He, or it, (a man, MA, Msb, or journeying, A,) rendered him lean, or emaciated him; (A, MA, Msb;) namely, a camel: (A, Msb:) [or] he fatigued him; (MA, K;) i. e., a camel; (S, K;) and (K) so ↓ اطلحهُ; and ↓ طلّحهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. of the latter تَطْلِيحٌ. (TA.) 2 طَلَّحَ see the last sentence above. b2: [Hence, app.,] طلّح عَلَيْهِ, (A, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيحٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He importuned him, (A, K,) i. e., his debtor, so that he wearied him. (A.) 4 أَطْلَحَ see 1, last sentence.

طَلْحٌ, [a coll. gen. n.,] (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) and طِلَاحٌ; (S, A, K;) the latter said to be pl. of طَلْحَةٌ, (TA,) which is the n. un. of طَلْحٌ, (S,) or, accord. to Sb, the pl. of طَلْحَةٌ is طُلُوحٌ, like as صُخُورٌ is pl. of صَخْرَةٌ; and طِلَاحٌ also; and the pl. of طَلْحٌ is أَطْلَاحٌ; (M;) [The acacia, or mimosa, gummifera; an appellation applicable also to the سَنْط, which produces the gum-arabic: (see صَمْغٌ:) the former tree is termed by Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. cxxiv.) “ mimosa gummifera; ” but it is more commonly termed an “ acacia: ” its pods are termed عُلَّفٌ, q. v.:] a species of large trees, (S, K,) of the kind called عِضَاهٌ; (S, Msb;) growing in El-Hijáz [and Egypt and Nubia and other countries]; the fruit of which is like that of the سَمُرَة; having curved thorns: the places in which it grows are the interiors of valleys; and it is that species of the عضاه which is the largest in its thorns, and the hardest in respect of its wood, and the best in respect of its gum: Lth describes it as above, and says that it is the same as the أُمُّ غَيْلَانَ [and the like is said in the A]: ISh says that it is a tall tree, affording a shade in which men and camels repose, with few leaves, long and large branches, with many thorns, [more] than the prickles of the palm-tree, and a great trunk, which a man's arm cannot embrace; the same as the امّ غيلان; and grows in the mountains: AHn says that it is, of the trees called عضاه, the largest, and that which has most leaves, and the greenest, and has thick and long thorns, but these are of the least hurtful of thorns, producing no heat in the foot; it has a fruit (بَرَمَةٌ) of pleasant odour; and there is not among the trees called عضاه any that produces more gum than it, nor any more bulky; and it grows only in rugged, hard, fertile ground. (TA.) By طَلْح in the Kur lvi. 28 may be meant the trees called امّ غيلان, because they have a blossom of a very pleasant odour. (Zj.) [But see below.] b2: طَلْحٌ signifies also Banana-trees; syn. شَجَرُ المَوْزِ; and is said [by some] to have this meaning in the Kur lvi. 28: (Zj, T, TA:) or i. q. مَوْزٌ [which some expl. as meaning the trees above-mentioned; but others as meaning the fruit of those trees]: (Msb, K:) this, however, is said to be unknown in the [classical] language. (TA.) b3: And i. q. طَلْعٌ [generally meaning The spadix of the palmtree; but sometimes the spathe thereof]: (K:) a dial. var. of the latter word: (S:) mentioned by ISk among words formed by the substitution of one letter for another: and this meaning, also, it is said [by some] to have in the Kur lvi. 28. (TA.) A2: And Remains of turbid water in a watering-trough or tank. (K.) A3: And Having the belly void of food. (K.) b2: See also طَلِيحٌ.

طِلْحٌ The tick; syn. قُرَادٌ; (S, A, K;) sometimes applied thereto; (S;) as also ↓ طَلِيحٌ: (S, K:) or a large tick. (TA. [See حَمْنَانٌ.]) b2: [Hence,] طِلْحُ مَالٍ (tropical:) One who keeps to camels, or cattle, and to the care of them, like as cleaves the طِلْح, i. e. tick: (A:) a manager, tender, or superintendent, of camels, or cattle; or a good pastor thereof. (K.) b3: And طِلْحُ نِسَآءِ (tropical:) One who follows, or goes after, women (K, TA) much, or often. (TA.) b4: And طِلْحٌ is also expl. as signifying A pastor fatigued, or wearied: (K, TA:) and [its pl.] طُلُحٌ, as signifying [simply] pastors. (L.) El-Hotei-ah says, after mentioning certain camels and their pastors, إِذَا نَامَ طِلْحٌ أَشْعَثُ الرَّأْسِ خَلْفَهَا هَدَاهُ لَهَا أَنْفَاسُهَا وَزَفِيرُهَا When a pastor, dusty and shaggy or matted in the hair of the head, sleeps behind them, [and they become lost to him,] their breathing and their vehement respiration occasioned by the fulness of their bellies guides him to them, so that he finds them, even if they be distant. (S, * L.) b5: See also طَلِيحٌ, in four places.

طَلَحٌ (thus correctly written, not طَلْحٌ as in [some of the copies of] the S, TA) Enjoyment of a life of ease and plenty. (S, K.) طَلِحٌ an epithet applied to a camel. (A.) You say إِبِلٌ طَلِحَةٌ and طَلَاحَى [the latter being the pl.] Camels having a complaint (S, A, K) of their bellies (S, K) from eating of the trees called طَلْح: (S, A, K:) but [the meaning seems to be, from eating thereof immoderately, for] Aboo-Sa'eed disapproves of the phrase ابل طلاحى as meaning camels that have eaten of the طلح [and become disordered thereby, though it appears from what is said in art. عضه that camels are sometimes disordered by eating of any of the trees called عِضَاه], asserting it to signify camels that are fatigued, or wearied; for [he says that] the طلح do not disorder camels, but are wholesome food for them. (TA.) See also طَلِيحٌ, in two places. b2: And أَرْضٌ طَلِحَةٌ Land abounding with the trees called طَلْح. (K.) طَلْحَةٌ n. un. of طَلْحٌ [q. v.]. (S.) A2: أُمُّ طَلْحَةُ The louse. (TA.) طَلْحِيَّةٌ meaning A piece of paper is a postclassical word. (K.) طَلَاحٌ, as an attribute of a man, (tropical:) Badness, corruptness, or viciousness: (A:) contr. of صَلَاحٌ. (S, L, K.) طَلِيحٌ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) Rendered lean, or emaciated, (A, Mgh, Msb,) applied to a camel; (A, Msb;) as also ↓ طَلِحٌ, (A,) or ↓ طِلْحٌ, (K,) and ↓ طَالِحٌ, so applied, by reason of fatigue, or of disease. (A.) Also, (S, Mgh, K,) applied to a camel, and ↓ طِلْحٌ, (S, K,) the latter, (S, MF,) and the former likewise, (MF,) applied to the male and to the female of camels and of other animals, (S, MF,) and ↓ طَلْحٌ, (K,) and ↓ طَلِحٌ, (L, TA,) Fatigued: (S, Mgh, K, TA:) and in like manner, applied to a she-camel, طَلِيحَةٌ and ↓ طِلْحَةٌ, (K, in the CK طَلْحةٌ,) but the forms commonly known of these two epithets thus applied are without ة, because each has the signification of a pass. part. n., (MF,) and ↓ طَالِحٌ: (IAar, K:) the pls. are طُلَّحٌ and طَلَائِحٌ, (S, K,) [both pls. of طَلِيحٌ,] meaning fatigued, or jaded, and rendered lean, by travel, (S,) and طَلْحَى, which last is [said by SM to be] anomalous, because [he holds that] it has the meaning of an act. part. n., [app. on the ground that some expl. طَلِيحٌ as syn. with مُعْىٍ and تَعِبٌ,] (TA,) and طُلُحٌ is another pl., [app. of the second and third and fourth of the sings. mentioned above,] signifying fatigued: (L, TA;) and أَطْلَاحٌ is pl. [of pauc.] of طِلْحٌ. (S.) One says نَاقَةٌ طَلِيحُ أَسْفَارٍ meaning A she-camel jaded, and rendered lean, by journeys: (T, S:) and طَلِيحُ سَفَرٍ, and سَفَرٍ ↓ طَلْحُ. (IAar, TA.) رَاكِبُ النَّاقَةِ طَلِيحَانِ means The rider of the she-camel and the she-camel are both fatigued, or jaded: (L, K:) for رَاكِبُ النَّاقَةِ وَالنَّاقَةُ طَلِيحَانِ: or for رَاكِبُ النَاقَةِ أَحَدُ الطَّليحَيْنِ. (L.) A2: See also طِلْحٌ.

إِبِلٌ طِلَاحِيَّةٌ and طُلَاحِيَّةٌ, (S, K,) the latter anomalous, (S,) or the latter is a dial. var. of the former, which is not a rel. n. from the pl. طِلَاحٌ, because, when a rel. n. is formed from a pl., the pl. is reduced to its sing. form, unless it is used as a name of a particular thing, (from a marginal note in copies of the S, [see also Ham pp.

791-2,]) Camels feeding upon the trees called طِلَاح [or طَلْح]. (S, K.) طَالِحٌ: see طَلِيحٌ, in two places. b2: Also, as an epithet applied to a man, (tropical:) Bad, corrupt, or vicious; (A, L;) in whom is no good: (L:) contr. of صَالِحٌ. (S, L.) مُطَلِّحٌ (assumed tropical:) One who acts wrongfully, unjustly, or injuriously, فِى المَالِ [with respect to property, or camels, or cattle]. (Az, L.) b2: And, accord. to Az, One who breathes hard, or emits the voice with a moaning sound, فِى الكَلَامِ [in speaking]; syn. نَهَّاتٌ [but the first letter in this word is written in the L without any diacritical point; so that the word may perhaps be بَهَّاتٌ, meaning a great, or frequent, calumniator, slanderer, or false-accuser: see art. بهت]. (L, TA.)

طوف

1 طَوڤفَ The inf. n. طَوَافٌ primarily signifies, accord. to Er-Rághib, The act of going, or walking, in an absolute sense: or the going, or walking, around, or otherwise. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] طَافَ حَوْلَ الشَّىْءِ, (S,) or بِالشَّىْءِ, (Msb,) or حَوْلَ الكَعْبَةِ, (O, K,) and بِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. طَوْفٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and طَوَافٌ (O, Msb, K, and mentioned also in the S but not there said to be an inf. n.) and طَوَفَانٌ, (S, O, K,) [and perhaps طُوفَانٌ, q. v.,] He went round or round about, circuited, or circuited around, or compassed, (Msb, TA,) the thing, (S, Msb,) or the Kaabeh; (O, K;) and so طَافَ, aor. ـِ (Msb; [but this I think doubtful;]) and ↓ تطوّف, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِطَّوَّفَ, a variation of that next preceding, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. اِطِّوَّافٌ; (TA;) and ↓ استطاف, (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ استطافهُ; (TA;) and بِهِ ↓ اطاف, (Msb,) or عَلَيْهِ; (TA;) and ↓ طوّف, inf. n. ↓ تَطْوِيفٌ; (K;) or this last signifies he did so much, or often. (S, TA.) And طاف بِالقَوْمِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْفٌ and طَوَفَانٌ and مَطَافٌ, He went round about [or round about among] the people, or party; as also ↓ اطاف: the aor. of the former verb occurs in the Kur lvi. 17 and lxxvi. 19, trans. by means of عَلَى. (TA.) and طُفْتُ بِهِ عَلَى البَيْتِ [I went round the House of God, i. e. the Kaabeh, with him; or] I made him to go round, or to circuit, or compass, the House. (Msb. [The vulgar in the present day say ↓ طَوَّفْتُهُ: and they apply the appellation ↓ مُطَوِّف to One who makes the circuits round the Kaabeh with a pilgrim, and serves to conduct him round about to the other sacred objects, or places.]) You say also, طاف فِى البِلَادِ, inf. n. طَوْفٌ and تَطْوَافٌ, He journeyed [or journeyed round about] in the countries, or tracts of country; and so [or as meaning he did so much or often] ↓ طوّف, inf. n. تَطْوِيفٌ and تَطْوَافٌ. (TA. [In one place in the TA, the latter inf. n. is said to be with kesr, so that it is like تِبْيَانٌ; but see this latter, which is very extr.: see also تِطْوَافٌ below.]) ↓ لَأَطُوفَنَّ طَوْفَهُ means the same as لَأَسْعَرَنَّ سَعْرَهُ [app. I will assuredly practise circumvention like his practising thereof]. (Fr, O and K in art. سعر, q. v.) b2: See also 4, in two places.

A2: طَافَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. طَوْفٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَوْفٌ signifying غَائِطٌ; (S, O;) as also ↓ اِطَّافَ, (IAar, S, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, اطَّأَفَ,]) He voided his excrement, or ordure; (Mgh, Msb; *) or he went away (S, O, K) to the field, or open tract, (S, O,) to void his excrement, or ordure. (S, O, K.) 2 طَوَّفَ see 1, in three places. b2: You say also, طوّف النَّاسُ, and الجَرَادُ, The men, or people, and the locusts, filled the land like the طُوفَان [or flood]. (TA.) 4 أَطْوَفَ see 1, in two places. b2: اطاف بِالشَّىْءِ signifies also He, or it, surrounded, or encompassed, the thing. (Msb.) b3: And اطاف بِهِ He came to him; visited him; or alighted at his abode as a guest; syn. أَلَمَّ بِهِ: and he approached him; or drew, or was, or became, near to him; syn. قَارَبَهُ. (S, K.) [And] طَافَ ↓ بِالنِّسَآءِ , aor. ـُ and اطاف; He came to women, or the women; visited them; or alighted at their abodes as a guest; syn. أَلَمَّ (Msb.) And اطاف بِهِ and عَلَيْهِ He came to him by night: and sometimes improperly used as meaning by day: a poet says, أَطَفْتُ بِهَا نَهَارًا غَيْرَ لَيْلٍ وَأَلْهَى رَبَّهَا طَلَبُ الرِّحَالِ [I came to her by day, not by night, while the seeking for the camels' saddles, or for the things necessary for his journey, or for the places of alighting, diverted her lord, or husband, from attending to her]. (TA.) And بِهِ الخَيَالُ ↓ طاف, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْفٌ; and, as As used to say, طاف, aor. ـِ inf. n. طَيْفٌ; The خيال [i. e. apparition, or phantom,] came to him, or visited him, (أَلَمَّ بِهِ,) in sleep. (TA.) 5 تطوّف and اِطَّوَّفَ: see 1, first sentence.8 اِطَّافٌ: see 1, last sentence.10 إِسْتَطْوَفَ see 1, first sentence, in two places.

طَافٌ A man who goes round, or round about, much, or often; (S, O, K;) [and] so ↓ طَوَّافٌ: and ↓ طَوَّافَةٌ a woman who goes round, or round about, much, or often, to the tents, or houses, of her female neighbours. (Msb.) A2: See also طُوف.

طَوْفٌ in the phrase أَصَابَهُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ طَوْفٌ, i. q. طَائِفٌ. (TA. See طَائِفٌ below, and in art. طيف.) b2: [Also A kind of float composed of] inflated water-skins bound together, (S, O, Msb, K,) with wood [or planks] laid upon them, (Msb,) so as to have the form of a flat roof, (S, O, Msb, K,) upon the water; (Msb;) used for embarking thereon upon the water and for carriage thereon (S, O, K, TA) of wheat or other provisions and of men, and for the crossing [of rivers] thereon: (TA:) i. q. رَمَثٌ: and sometimes it is of wood, or timber: (S, O:) accord. to Az, a thing upon which large rivers are crossed, made of canes and of pieces of wood bound together, one upon another, and then bound round with ropes of the fibres or leaves of the palm-tree so as to be secure from its becoming unbound; after which it is used for embarking thereon and crossing, and sometimes it is laden with a load proportionate to its strength and its thickness: and it is also called عَامَةٌ, without teshdeed to the م: (TA:) pl. أَطْوَافٌ. (Msb, TA.) b3: And The bull (ثَوْر) around which turn the oxen in the treading [of corn]. (TA.) [See طَائِفٌ.] b4: And i. q. قِلْدٌ [app. as meaning A portion of water for irrigation: for it is immediately added], and طَوْفُ القَصَبِ signifies the quantity of water with which the canes are irrigated. (TA.) A2: Also The foul matter that comes forth from the child after suckling: (El-Ahmar, Msb, TA:) and by a secondary application, (Msb,) human excrement, or ordure, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in an absolute sense: (Msb:) what Er-Rághib says respecting it indicates that this is metonymical. (TA.) أَخَذَهُ بِطُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and رقبته ↓ بِطَافِ i. q. بِصُوفِ رقبته (S, K) and بِصَافِهَا. (K.) طُوفَانٌ An overpowering rain: and overpowering water, [a meaning erroneously assigned in the CK to طَوَّاف instead of طُوفَان,] that covers [or overwhelms] everything; (S, K, TA;) in the common conventional acceptation, water abounding to the utmost degree; [i. e. a flood, or deluge;] such as befell the people of Noah; (TA;) or طُوفَانُ المَآءِ signifies the water that covers [or overwhelms] everything: (Msb:) and a drowning torrent: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) much of anything, [like as we say a flood of anything,] such as includes the generality of persons, or things, within its compass: (K, TA:) and particularly (assumed tropical:) death; or quick, or quick and wide-spreading, death; or death commonly, or generally, prevailing; (TA;) or quick, or quick and wide-spreading, death, commonly, or generally, prevailing: and (assumed tropical:) quick [and extensive] slaughter: (K:) and (assumed tropical:) any accident [or evil accident] that besets a man: and (assumed tropical:) trial, or affliction: (TA:) and El-'Ajjáj likens to the rain, or water, thus called, the darkness of night; using the phrase طُوفَانُ الظَّلَامِ; (Kh, S;) by which he means (assumed tropical:) the intensity of the darkness of the night: (TA:) طُوفَانٌ is said to be a pl. [or coll. gen. n.]; (Msb, TA;) and its sing. [or n. un.] is طُوفَانَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) accord. to analogy: (S:) thus says Akh: (S, TA:) or it is an inf. n., like رُجْحَانٌ and نُقْصَانٌ; and is from طَافَ, aor. ـُ (Msb, TA:) thus says Abu-l- 'Abbás; and he says that there is no need of seeking for it a sing.: some say that it is of the measure فُلْعَانٌ, from طَفَا المَآءُ, aor. ـْ meaning “ the water rose,” or “ became high; ” the ل being transposed to the place of the ع; but this is strange. (TA.) طَوَافٌ [is an inf. n. of 1, q. v., sometimes used as a simple subst., and] has for its pl. أَطْوَافٌ [which is regularly pl. of طَوْفٌ]. (TA.) طَوَّافٌ; and its fem., with ة: see طَافٌ. b2: The former signifies also A servant who serves one with gentleness and carefulness: (K, TA:) pl. طَوَّافُونَ: so says AHeyth: IDrd explains the pl. as meaning servants, and male slaves. (TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting the she-cat, that it is not unclean, but is مِنَ الطَّوَّافِينَ عَلَيْكُمْ, or الطَّوَّافَاتِ; [i. e. of those that go round about waiting upon you;] she being thus put it. the predicament of the slaves: whence the saying of En-Nakha'ee, that the she-cat is like some of the people of the house, or tent. (TA.) [In the CK, a meaning belonging to طُوفَان is erroneously assigned to طَوَّاف.]

A2: Also A maker of the طَوْف that is composed of [inflated] water-skins [&c.] upon which one crosses [rivers &c.]. (TA.) طَائِفٌ part. n. of طَافَ, signifying Going round or round about, &c. (Msb.) b2: [And hence,] The عَسَس [quasi-pl. n. of عَاسٌّ]; (S, O, K, TA;) [i. e.] the patrol, or watch that go the round of the houses; thus expl. by Er-Rághib; and said to mean particularly those who do so by night. (TA.) b3: And The bull that is next to the extremity, or side, of the كُدْس [or wheat collected together in the place where it is trodden out]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See طَوْفٌ.] b4: The طَائِف of the bow is The part between the سِئَة [or curved portion of the extremity] and the أَبْهَر [q. v.]: (S, K:) or near [the length of a cubit or] the bone of the fore arm from its [middle portion called the] كَبِد [thus I render قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عَظْمِ الذِّرَاعِ مِنْ كَبِدِهَا, which, I think, can have no other meaning]: or the طَائِفَانِ are [two parts]exclusive of the two curved ends (دُونَ السِّئَتَيْنِ): (K: [this last explanation seems to leave one of the limits of each طائف undefined:]) or, accord. to AHn, the طائف of the bow is the part beyond its كُلْيَة [q. v.], above and below, [extending] to the place of the curving of the end of the bow: the pl. is طَوَائِفُ. (TA.) b5: لَأَقْطَعَنَّ مِنْهُ طَائِفًا occurs in a trad. respecting a runaway slave, as meaning [I will assuredly cut off] some one, or more, of his أَطْرَاف [app. meaning fingers]: or, as some relate it, the word is طَابَِقًا. (TA.) And Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee says, تَقَعُ السُّيُوفُ عَلَى طَوَائِفَ مِنْهُمُ meaning, it is said, [The swords fall upon] arms and legs or hands and feet [of them: but in this case, طَوَائِف may be pl. of ↓ طَائِفَةٌ]. (TA.) A2: One says also, أَصَابَهُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ طَائِفٌ [A visitation from the Devil befell him]; and ↓ طَوْفٌ likewise, in the same sense. (TA. [See also طَيْفٌ.]) طَائِفَةٌ A detached, or distinct, part or portion; a piece, or bit; [or somewhat;] of a thing: (S, Msb, K:) and a فِرْقَة of men [i. e. a party, portion, division, or class, thereof; as those of one profession or trade: a body, or distinct community: a sect: a corps: and sometimes a people, or nation]: (Msb:) and a company, or congregated body, (Msb, KL,) of men, at least consisting of three; and sometimes applied to one; and two: (Msb:) or one: and more than one: (S, K:) so, accord. to I' Ab, in the Kur xxiv. 2: (S:) or up to a thousand: (Mujáhid, K:) or at least two men: ('Atà, K:) or one man; (K;) as is said also on the authority of Mujáhid; (TA;) so that it is syn. with نَفْسٌ [as meaning a single person, or an individual]: (K:) [and sometimes it is applied to a distinct number, or herd &c., of animals:] Er-Rághib says that when a plural or collective number is meant thereby, it is [what lexicologists term] a pl. of طَائِفٌ; and when one is meant thereby, it may be a pl. metonymically used as a sing., or it may be considered as of the class of رَاوِيَةٌ and عَلَّامَةٌ and the like: (TA:) [pl. طَوَائِفُ.] b2: See also طَائِفٌ, last sentence but one.

طَائِفِىٌّ A sort of raisins, of which the bunches are composed of closely-compacted berries: app. so called in relation to [the district of] Et-Táïf. (AHn, TA.) تِطْوَافٌ, (JM, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [and app. تَطْوَافٌ also, as it is sometimes written,] for ذُو تطوافٍ, (JM,) A garment in which one goes round, or curcuits, (JM, TA,) the House [of God, i. e. the Kaabeh]. (JM.) مَطَافٌ A place of طَوَاف (O, Msb, K *) i. e. of going round or round about, or circuiting. (Msb.) مُطَوِّفٌ: see 1, latter half.

طفق

1 طَفِقَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا, (S, Mgh, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) and طَفَقَ, aor. ـِ (S, O, K,) mentioned by Akh, (S, ISd, O,) and by Zj, (ISd, TA,) as said by some, (S, O,) but pronounced by Lth to be bad; (TA;) inf. n. طَقَقٌ, (S, K, TA, [in some copies of the K, erroneously, طَفْقٌ,]) of the former verb; (S, TA;) and طُفُوقٌ, (S, O, K,) of the latter verb; (S, O;) He set about, began, commenced, took to, or betook himself to, doing such a thing: (S, Mgh, O, TA:) expl. in the K as meaning he continued uninterruptedly the doing of such a thing (وَاصَلَ الفِعْلَ [or in some copies وَصَلَ الفِعْلَ]), and by El-Háfidh Ibn-Hajar, in the “ Fet-h el-Bári,” as meaning he entered upon, began, or commenced, and went on continually, doing such a thing; but it denotes the entering upon the doing of a thing irrespectively of the going on continually or not, and therefore it is not allowable to prefix أَنْ to its predicate: (MF, TA:) it is followed by a future [or an aor. , as in the ex. above]: the saying فَطَفِقَ مَسْحًا بِالسُّوقِ وَالْأَعْنَاقِ, in the Kur [xxxviii. 32], (TA,) i. e. He took to severing with the sword [the thighs and the necks], or, as some say, to wiping [or stroking] with his hand [the thighs and the necks], (Bd,) is for طَفِقَ يَمْسَحُ مَسْحًا: (Bd, * TA:) the verb is used only in an affirmative phrase: they do not say مَا طَفِقَ. (IDrd, O, K.) b2: طَفِقَ فُلَانٌ بِمَا أَرَادَ, (Aboo-Sa'eed, O, K, *) a phrase of the Arabs of the desert, (Aboo-Sa'eed, O,) meansSuch a one attained that which he desired. (Aboo-Sa'eed, O, K. *) b3: And one says طَفِقَ المَوْضِعَ, aor. ـَ He kept, or clave, to the place. (ISd, K.) 4 اطفقهُ اللّٰهُ بِهِ God caused him to attain him, or it. (Aboo-Sa'eed, O, K.) One says, لَئِنْ

أَطْفَقَنِى اللّٰهُ بِهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ بِهِ [Verily if God cause me to attain him, or it, I will assuredly do something with him, or it]. (TA.)

طلق

1 طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ inf. n. طُلُوقٌ, (Msb,) The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or cord, by which her fore shank and her arm had been bound together. (S, Mgh.) And طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ إِلَى المَآءِ [The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ (Az, As, S, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ, (Az, TA,) aor. as above, (As, TA,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ (Az, As, S, TA) and طُلُوقٌ, (Az, S, TA,) the camels were, or became, loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, (Az, As, S, TA,) and were left to pasture while going thither: and the subst. is طَلَقٌ [q. v.]. (Az, S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] طَلَقَتْ, (IAar, Th, S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or طَلَقَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (Th, S, O, Msb, K;) and طَلُقَتْ also; (IAar, Th, Mgh, Msb;) the latter of which is preferable, but the former is allowable; (IAar, TA;) or the latter is the more common; (Th, TA;) but accord. to to Akh, the latter is not allowable; (S, O, TA;) inf. n. طَلَاقٌ, (Th, S, Mgh, O, K,) or [properly طَلْقٌ, for it is said that] طَلَاقٌ is the subst., (Msb,) [or] طَلَاقٌ is also a subst. syn. with تَطْلِيقٌ, [as will be expl. below,] as well as inf. n. of طَلُقَتْ and طَلَقَتْ;) (Mgh;) said of a woman; (IAar, Th, S, &c.;) (tropical:) She was, or became, [divorced, or] left to go her way, (O,) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) b3: And طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ, inf. n. طُلُوقٌ and طُلُوقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, eloquent, or chaste in speech, and sweet therein. (Msb. [See also طَلْقٌ: and see 7.]) b4: And طَلُقَ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (S, O,) or طُلُوقَةٌ and طُلُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, (K, TA,) in face, or countenance: (S, O, K, TA:) or, inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) it (the face, or countenance,) was, or became, cheerful, or happy, (MA, Msb,) the contr. of frowning or contracted, (Mgh,) displaying openness and pleasantness; (Msb;) and ↓ تطلّق signifies the same; (MA, Mgh;) as also ↓ انطلق; (Mgh;) syn. انبسط; (K;) whence the saying, ↓ يَنْبَغِى لِلْقَاضِى أَنْ يُنْصِفَ الخَصْمَيْنِ وَلَا يَنْطَلِقُ بوَجْهِهِ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [It behooves the judge to treat with equity the two adversaries in litigation, and] he shall not speak to one of them with a cheerful countenance (بِوَجْهٍ طَلْقٍ) and with sweet speech, not doing this to the other: or it may be from الاِنْطِلَاقُ signifying “ the going away,” and may hence mean, and he shall not turn his face, or pay regard, to one of them [in preference to the other]. (Mgh.) b5: And طَلُقَ, inf. n. طُلُوقَةٌ and طَلَاقَةٌ, said of a day, (tropical:) It was, or became, such as is termed طَلْقٌ; i. e. [temperate,] neither hot nor cold; [&c.; see طَلْقٌ;] and in like manner طَلُقَت is said of a night (لَيْلَة). (K, TA.) b6: طَلِقَ, (O, K,) with kesr, (O,) like سَمِعَ, (K,) signifies تَبَاعِدَ [He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote; &c.]. (O, K.) A2: طَلْقٌ is also trans., syn. with أَطْلَقَ: see the latter verb, former half, in two places. b2: [Hence,] طُلِقَتْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ, (S, Mgh, * O, * Msb, K,) and inf. n. un. طَلْقَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman, S, O, Msb) was taken with the pains of parturition: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) a phrase implying a presage of good [i. e. of speedy and safe delivery]. (Mgh.) [And طُلِقَتْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, in labour with him.]2 طلّق نَاقَتَهُ He left, left alone, or let go, his she-camel. (TA.) See also 4, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] طلّق امْرَأَتَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَلَاقٌ [q. v.]; (O;) and ↓ اطلقها, (K,) inf. n. إِطْلَاقٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) [He divorced his wife;] he separated his wife from himself [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) [طلّق in this sense is opposed to رَاجَعَ: and hence the meanings of these two verbs in a verse of En-Nábighah which I have cited in art. نذر, (see conj. 6 in that art.,) and which is also cited in the S and O and TA in the present art.] b3: and طلّق البِلَادَ (tropical:) He left, or quitted, the country. (IAar, TA.) El-'Okeylee, being asked by Ks, أَطَلَّقْتَ امْرَأَتَكَ [Hast thou quitted thy wife?], answered, نَعَمْ وَالأَرْضَ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا (assumed tropical:) [Yes, and the land behind her]. (IAar, TA.) And one says, طَلَّقْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I left, or quitted, the people, or party: and طلّق العِيَالَ (assumed tropical:) He left [or deserted] the household, like as the man leaves [or divorces] the woman, or wife. (TA.) And طلّق العَيْرُ عَانَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) The he-ass passed by, or beyond, his she-ass, and then left her: and طَلَّقَتْهُ العَانَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-ass submitted herself [the verb which I thus render has been altered to انقدت, for which I read انْقَادَتْ,] to him, after having been incompliant. (TA.) b4: And طُلِّقَ السَّلِيمُ (assumed tropical:) The person bitten by a serpent became rid of the pain: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or recovered himself, and his pain became allayed, (S, O, K,) after the paroxysm: (S, O:) inf. n. as above. (K.) b5: طَلَّقَ نَخْلَهُ: see 4, last sentence.4 الإِطْلَاقُ signifies The loosing, or setting loose or free, and letting go. (TA.) You say, اطلق النَّاقَةَ مِنْ عِقَالِهَا, (S, O, Msb, TA,) or مِنَ العِقَالِ, i. e. He loosed the she-camel from the bond, or cord, by which her fore shank and arm were bound together; (Mgh;) as also ↓ طلّقها. (TA.) And اطلق الأَسِيرَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) and اطلق عَنْهُ, (O, TA,) He let go the captive; (S, O, K, TA;) and set him free; (TA;) he loosed the bond of the captive, and let him go: (Mgh, Msb:) and أُطْلِقَ عَنْهُ إِسَارُهُ [His bond was loosed from him], namely, the captive. (S.) and اطلق خَيْلَهُ فِى الحَلْبَةِ He made his horses to run [in the race-ground]. (TA.) And اطلق النَّاقَةَ He drove the she-camel to the water: (TA:) or أَطْلَقْتُ النَّاقَةَ إِلَى المَآءِ [I loosed the she-camel from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or أَطْلَقْتُ الإِبِلَ (Az, S, O, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ (Az, S, * TA) I loosed the camels to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and left them to pasture while going thither. (Az, S, O, * TA.) And اطلق القَوْمُ means The people, or party, had their camels loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and the camels being left to pasture while going thither. (S, K, * TA.) b2: اطلق امْرَأَتَهُ: see 2, third sentence. b3: اطلق الدَّوَآءُ بَطْنَهُ The medicine loosened, or relaxed, his belly [or bowels]; (Msb;) or moved his belly. (TA.) b4: [اطلق عِنَانَهُ He let loose, or slackened, his (a horse's) rein; and so (assumed tropical:) made him to quicken his pace. (See Har p. 356.)] And اطلق رِجْلَهُ (assumed tropical:) He hastened him; or desired, or required, him to hasten, or be quick; as also ↓ استطلقهُ. (TA. [Whether the pronoun relate to a beast or a man is not shown. By استطلقه is not meant استطلق رِجْلَهُ as رِجْل is fem.]) b5: اطلق يَدَهُ بِخَيْرِ (S, O, K, TA) and فِى خَيْرٍ, and بِمَالٍ and فِى مَالٍ; (TA;) and ↓ طَلَقَهَا, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) or ـِ (K,) but expressly said in the S to be with damm, inf. n. طَلْقٌ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) He opened his hand [freely] with good, (K, TA,) and with property. (TA.) And اطلق لَهُ مَالًا (assumed tropical:) He gave him property: (MA:) and ↓ طَلَقَ (assumed tropical:) he gave (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) a thing. (K.) And اطلق صَاحِبُ الدَّيْنِ كَذَآ (assumed tropical:) [The creditor remitted so much of the debt; being asked, or desired, to do so: see 10]. (Msb.) b6: [اطلقه also signifies (assumed tropical:) He made it allowable, or free, to be done, or taken, &c.] You say, اطلق لَهُ فِعْلَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He permitted him, or gave him permission or leave, to do such a thing; i. q. أَذِنَ لَهُ فِيهِ. (Msb in art. اذن.) b7: [And (assumed tropical:) He made it to be unrestricted. Hence the saying, اطلق بِهِمُ السَّيْفَ (assumed tropical:) He made the sword to have unrestricted scope with them; i. e. he slew them without restriction.] and أَطْلَقْتُ البَيِّنَةَ (assumed tropical:) I made the evidence, proof, or voucher, to be without any mention of the date; contr. of أَرَّخْتُهَا; (Msb in art. ارخ;) or I gave the evidence without restricting it by a date: from

أَطْلَقْتُ الأَسِيرَ. (Msb in the present art.) and hence also أَطْلَقْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I made the saying to be unrestricted, and unconditional. (Msb.) [and اطلق لَفْظًا (assumed tropical:) He uttered, or mentioned, or used, a word, or an expression, without restriction: and in like manner, اطلق alone is often employed. And (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, a word, or an expression, without restriction, عَلَى مَعْنًى to signify a particular meaning: thus in the saying اطلق المَصْدَرَ عَلَى الفَاعِلِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the infinitive noun without restricting it by the prefix ذُو, or the like, to signify the active participial noun; as عَدْلًا to signify عَادِلًا: and thus in the saying اطلق اسْمَ عَلَى الجُزْءِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the name of the whole without restricting it by a prefix to signify the part; as القُرْآن to signify اللآيَة: and many similar exs. might be added: but this usage of the verb is conventional: see Kull p. 57. Hence also أَلِفُ الإِطْلَاقِ: see art. ا, p. 1, col. 3.] b8: الإِطْلَاقُ فِى القَائِمَةِ [in which الاطلاق is inf. n. of the pass. v., أُطْلِقَ,] is (assumed tropical:) The freedom from [the whiteness termed] وَضَح [meaning تَحْجِيل, q. v.,] in the leg [of a horse]: and some make الإِطْلَاق to signify the having a fore leg and a hind leg in one side with تحجيل; and الإِمْسَاكُ [as inf. n. of أُمْسِكَ], the having a fore leg and a hind leg without تحجيل. (TA.) b9: اطلق عَدُوَّهُ (assumed tropical:) He dosed his enemy with poison. (IAar, O, K.) b10: And اطلق نخْلَهُ (tropical:) He fecundated his palm-trees; (IAar, O, K, TA;) said when they are tall; (IAar, O, TA;) as also ↓ طلّقهُ, (IAar, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ. (K.) 5 تطلّق, said of a gazelle, He went along, (S, O, Msb, K,) or bounded in his running, or ran briskly in one direction, (اِسْتَنَّ فِى عَدْوِهِ,) and went along, (TA,) not pausing nor waiting for anything; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ استطلق. (TA.) And تطلّقت الخَيْلُ The horses went [or ran] a heat without restraining themselves, to the goal. (TA.) b2: And, said of a horse, (tropical:) He staled after running. (AO, O, K.) b3: Said of the face: see 1, latter half.7 انطلق, inf. n. اِنْطِلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ نُطَيْلِيقٌ, the conjunctive ا being rejected, so that it becomes نِطْلَاقٌ, (S, O,) [He was, or became, loosed from his bond: whence,] اِنْطِلَاقُ العِنَانِ [The rein's being let loose, or slackened,] is a phrase metonymically used to denote quickness in going along. (Har pp. 355-6.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He (a captive loosed from his bond) went his way: (Msb:) or [simply] he went away, or departed: (S, Mgh, O, K:) or he went removing from his place. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Thus in the Kur [lxxvii. 29], اِنْطَلِقُوا إِلى مَا كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ (assumed tropical:) [Depart ye to that in which ye disbelieved]; (TA;) meaning to the punishment: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to IAth, [it seems to mean go ye away quickly into the lowest depth of misery or affliction; for he says, app. in explanation of this verse of the Kur, that] الاِنْطِلَاقُ means سُرْعَةُ الذَّهَابِ فِى أَصْلِ المِحْنَةِ. (TA.) And one says also, انطلق يَفْعَلُ كَذَا (tropical:) He went away doing, or to do, such a thing. (TA.) وَانْطَلَقَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْهُمْ

أَنِ امْشُوا [in the Kur xxxviii. 5 may be expl. in a similar manner; أَن being here used in the place of يَقُولُونَ: or this] means [And the chief persons of them] broke forth, or launched forth, with their tongues, [saying,] Go ye on, or continue ye, in your course of action &c. (Mughnee, voce أَنْ.) And one says, اُنْطُلِقَ بِهِ, (S, O, K,) meaning He, or it, was taken away; (K;) like as one says, اُنْقُطِعَ بِهِ. (S, O.) b3: [انطلق لِسَانُهُ means (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, free from impediment; and hence, eloquent, or chaste in speech. See an ex. in the Kur xxvi. 12: and see also طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ.] b4: انطلق said of the face: see 1, latter half, in two places.8 مَا تَطَّلِقُ نَفْسِى لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ, (S, O, K, *) of the measure تَفْتَعِلُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. اِطِّلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ طُتَيْلِيقٌ, the [latter] ط being changed [back] into ت because the former ط becomes movent, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) My mind does not become free from straitness [for, or with respect to, this thing, or affair]. (S, O, K. *) 10 اِسْتِطلَاقٌ [primarily signifies The desiring to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go]: its dim. is ↓ تُطَيْلِيقٌ. (S, O.) b2: [Hence,] استطلق بَطْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His belly [or bowels] became [unbound,] loosened, or relaxed; (Msb, TA;) or became moved; (S, O, K, TA;) and the contents thereof came forth. (TA.) b3: Said of a gazelle, i. q. تطلّق, q. v. (TA.) A2: [It is also trans., as such primarily signifying The desiring a person or thing to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go. b2: Hence,] one says, استطلق الرَّاعِى

نَاقَةً لِنَفْسِهِ (S, O) [meaning The pastor desired a she-camel to be left, or he left a she-camel, for himself, not milking her at the water; as is plainly indicated by what immediately precedes it in the S: or] the pastor took, (PS,) or retained, [which is virtually the same,] a she-camel for himself. (PS, TA.) b3: And اِسْتَطْلَقْتُ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الدَّيْنِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [I desired. or demanded, of the creditor, the remission of so much of the debt]. (Msb.) b4: See also 4, former half.

طَلْقٌ [Loosed from his bond, set loose or free, or], as expl. by IAar, let go; as also ↓ طَلِيقٌ and ↓ مُطْلَقٌ: and a man not having anything upon him, as expl. by Ks: and طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ a camel not having the fore legs bound. (TA.) You say, حُبِسَ طَلْقًا, (so in the CK,) or ↓ طَلَقًا, (K accord. to the TA, [and this is agreeable with the preceding context in the K, but it requires confirmation which I do not find,]) and with damm, [i. e. طُلْقًا,] accord. to the K, but correctly with two dammehs, [i. e. ↓ طُلُقًا,] (TA, and thus in the S,) He was imprisoned without shackle and without bond. (K, TA) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] طَلْقُ اللِّسَانِ, and ↓ طَلِيقُ اللسان, (S, O, Msb, K,) and اللسان ↓ طِلْقُ, (K,) and اللسان ↓ طُلَقُ, (TA,) (tropical:) Eloquent, or chaste, in speech, and sweet therein: (Msb:) and اللِّسَانِ ↓ مُنْطَلِقُ and ↓ مُتَطَلِّقُهُ (tropical:) [free from impediment of the tongue; or] eloquent, or chaste in speech. (TA.) And لِسَانٌ طَلْقٌ ذَلْقٌ, and ذَلِيقٌ, ↓ طَلِيقٌ, and ذُلُقٌ ↓ طُلُقٌ, and ذُلَقٌ ↓ طُلَقٌ, (S, O, K,) but the last two of these were unknown to As, and the latter of them was disallowed by IAar, (TA,) and ذَلِقٌ ↓ طَلِقٌ, (O, K,) [expl. in the K as meaning A tongue having sharpness; but correctly] meaning (tropical:) a tongue free from impediment, or eloquent, or chaste in speech, (ذُو انْطِلَاقٍ,) and sharp. (O, TA.) b3: And طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلُقُ, (O, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلْقُ, (O, TA,) and اليدين ↓ طَلِيقُ, (L, TA,) (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) applied to a man: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) and in like manner, a woman: (TA:) [or] a woman is termed طَلْقَةُ اليَدَيْنِ: (S:) and so, accord to Az, طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ; which [generally] has another meaning, expl. in what follows. (TA.) And يَدُهُ طَلْقٌ (tropical:) His hand is liberal; syn. بِسْطٌ; (TA in art. بسط;) and so ↓ مُطْلَقَةٌ: (S and K and TA in that art.:) or the latter signifies opened; and so ↓ مَطْلُوقَةٌ. (TA in the present art.) b4: And طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and الوجه ↓ طِلْقُ, (IAar, O, K,) and ↓ طُلْقُ الوجه, (IAar, K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِقُ, (K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ, (S, O, K,) (tropical:) Laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, in the face, or countenance: (K, TA:) or cheerful, or happy, displaying openness and pleasantness, in the face; and so طَلْقٌ alone: (Msb:) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ open and pleasant, and goodly, in countenance: (Az, TA:) and طَلِيقٌ alone, joyful, and open or cheer-ful, in countenance. (TA. [And it is there said that the pl. of طَلْقٌ is طَلْقَات: but this is app. a mistranscription for طُلْقَانٌ or طِلْقَانٌ.]) أُوْجُهٌ

↓ طَوَالِقُ is not allowable, except in poetry. (IAar, TA.) b5: And يَوْمٌ طَلْقٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh, O, K,) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ (Lth, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and طَلْقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) (tropical:) A day, and a night, in which is neither heat nor cold: (Lth, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or in which is no cold nor anything hurtful: (S:) or in which is no rain: or in which is no wind: or in which the cold is mild: (TA: [after which is added, من ايام طَلْقات: but the last word seems, as in an instance before mentioned, to be mistranscribed, or ايام (i. e. أَيَّام) may be a mistake for لَيَالٍ:]) or لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقٌ means a night in which is no cold: (AA, TA:) or in which the wind is still: (O, TA:) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ sometimes means a moon-lit, or a light, or bright, night: (IDrd, O, TA:) and one says also ↓ لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ, (K, TA,) meaning a still, or calm, and light, or bright, night: (TA:) and ↓ لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ, (K, * TA,) meaning pleasant nights in which is neither heat nor cold. (TA.) Er-Rá'ee says, فَلَمَّا عَلَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

meaning يَوْمِ لَيْلَةٍ طَلْقَةٍ [And when the sun came upon him, or it,] in a day of a night in which was neither cold nor wind; i. e., in a day after such a night; for the Arabs commence with the night, before the day: and the phrase فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

occurs in like manner in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh. (Az, TA.) b6: For the epithet طَلْقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (applied to a horse, accord. to the K,) see طُلُقٌ. b7: And for other meanings assigned in the K to طَلْقٌ, see طُلُقٌ, in two places.

A2: طَلْقٌ signifies also The pain of childbirth. (S, O.) One says, ضَرَبَهَا الطَّلْقُ [The pain of childbirth smote her]. (O.) [See also طُلِقَت, of which it is the inf. n.]

A3: And [it is said to signify] A sort of medicine. (S.) See طَلَقٌ, latter half, in two places.

طُلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b2: and طُلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طِلْقُ اللِّسَانِ: b2: and طِلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ. b3: طِلْقٌ signifies also (tropical:) Lawful, allowable, or free: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) or it signifies, (Msb, TA,) or signifies also, (Mgh,) ↓ مُطْلَقٌ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) [i. e.] a thing unrestricted, (TA,) i. e. any affair in which one has power, or authority, to act according to his own judgment or discretion or free will. (Msb.) One says, هٰذَا حَلَالٌ طِلْقٌ (tropical:) [This is lawful, &c., unrestricted; using the latter epithet as a corroborative]: and [in the contr. case] حَرَامٌ غِلْقٌ. (TA.) And هُوَ لَكَ طِلْقًا (tropical:) [It is thine lawfully &c.]. (S, O, K, TA.) And اِفْعَلْ هٰذَا طِلْقًا لَكَ (assumed tropical:) Do thou this as a thing lawful &c. to thee. (Msb.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْ طِلْقِ مَالِى (assumed tropical:) I gave him of what was lawful &c., i. e. free to be disposed of by me, of my property: (Msb:) or (tropical:) of what was clear [from any claim or the like], and good, or lawful, of my property. (TA.) And الخَيْلُ طِلْقٌ, occurring in a trad. as meaning (tropical:) Horses are allowable to be betted upon. (TA.) And أَنْتَ طِلْقٌ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) Thou art clear of this affair; (S, O, K, * TA; *) quit of it, or irresponsible for it. (K, TA.) b4: [In consequence of a misplacement in some copies of the K, several meanings belonging to طَلَقٌ are assigned to طِلْقٌ.]

A2: See also طَلَقٌ, latter half.

طَلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: Also the subst. from طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ: (Az, S, TA: [see 1, second sentence:]) and [as such] signifying The journeying [of camels] during the night to arrive at the water in the next night, there being two nights between them and the water; the first of which nights is termed الطَّلَقُ [or لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ (see حَوْزٌ)]; the pastor loosing them to repair to the water, [in the CK يَجْلِبُها is put for يُخَلِّيهَا,] and leaving them to pasture while going thither: the camels after the driving, during the first night, are said to be ↓ طَوَالِقُ; and in the second night, قَوَارِبُ: (S, O, K, TA:) or الطَّلَقُ signifies the first of two days intervening between the camels and the water; and القَرَبُ, the second: and لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ, the night in which the faces of the camels are turned towards the water and during which they are left to pasture; and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ, the second night: (As, TA:) but it has been said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means the second of the nights in which the camels repair to the water: Th says that الطَّلَقُ signifies the second of two days during which the camels seek the water when it is two days distant from them; and القَرَبُ, the first of those days: and it is said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means[the night of] the turning of the faces of the camels towards the water: but this explanation was not pleasing to ISd. (TA.) [See an ex. voce حَوْزٌ, in which it is used tropically.] b3: Also A heat; i. e. a single run, or run at once, to a goal, or limit; syn. شَوْطٌ; (S, IAth, O, Msb, K, TA;) meaning a running, of a horse, without restraining himself, [or without stopping,] to a goal, or limit: (Msb:) and the utmost extent to which a horse runs. (TA.) One says of a horse, عَدَا طَلَقًا or طَلَقَيْنِ [He ran a heat or two heats]. (S, O, Msb, K. [In the CK, erroneously, طَلْقًا and طَلْقَيْنِ.]) b4: And (hence, TA) (tropical:) A share, or portion, (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K, TA,) of property [&c.]. (A, TA.) A2: Also A shackle, or pair of shackles, (قَيْدٌ,) of skins: (S, M, O, K, TA:) or a rope strongly twisted, so that it will stand up. (TA.) b2: And sing. of أَطْلَاقٌ which signifies The [intestines into which the food passes from the stomach, termed the] أَمْعَآء, or the أَقْتَاب of the belly; (IDrd, O, K; * [in some copies of the last of which, القُنْبُ is erroneously put for القِتْبُ as one of the words explaining الطَّلَقُ;]) so in one or more of the dialects: AO says, in the belly are أَطْلَاق, of which the sing. is طَلَقٌ; (O, TA;) meaning the lines, or streaks, (طَرَائِق,) of the belly: and طَلَقُ البَطْنِ is also expl. [in like manner] as meaning the جُدَّة of the belly; pl. as above. (TA.) A3: Also The [plant called] شُبْرُم: [but what plant is meant by this is doubtful:] or a plant that is used in dyes: or this is a mistake: (K:) [or] accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, ↓ الطَّلْقُ is what is used in dyes; and is said to be the شُبْرُم: (O, TA: *) and (K) accord. to As, (O,) طَلَقٌ signifies a sort of medicament, (O, K,) which, when one is anointed therewith, (K,) i. e. with the extract thereof, (TA,) prevents the burning of fire: (K:) or a species of plant: so says As: (O:) the appellation by which it is generally known is ↓ طَلْق, with the ل quiescent; (O, K;) or this pronunciation is incorrect: (K:) and AHát mentions, (K, TA,) on the authority of As, (TA,) its being termed ↓ طِلْقٌ: (K, TA:) but it is not a plant: it is of the nature of stones, and of [what are termed] لِخَاف [thin white stones]; and probably he [referring to As] heard that it is called كَوْكَبُ الأَرْضِ, and therefore supposed it to be a plant; for if it were a plant, fire would burn it; but fire does not burn it, unless by means of artful contrivances: (O, TA:) the word is arabicized, from تَلَكْ: (K, TA: in the O written تِلك:) [it is the well-known mineral termed talc:] the Ra-ees [Ibn-Seenà, whom we call “ Avicenna,”] says, (TA,) it is a brightlyshining stone, that separates, when it is bruised, into several laminæ and split pieces, of which are made مَضَاوِى [correctly مَضَاوِئ, meaning small circular panes which are inserted in apertures to admit light,] for the [cupolas of] hot baths, instead of glass: the best is that of El-Yemen; then that of India; then that of El-Undulus [or El-Andalus]: the art employed in dissolving it consists in putting it into a piece of rag with some pebbles and immersing it in tepid water, then moving it about gently until it becomes dissolved and comes forth from the piece of rag into the water, whereupon the water is strained from it, and it is put in the sun to dry. (K, TA.) طَلِقٌ ذَلِقٌ: b2: and طَلِقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلَقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طُلَقٌ ذُلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلُقٌ, (S, O, Msb, TA,) with two dammehs, (Msb, TA,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K,) but this requires consideration, (TA,) Not shackled; applied to a she-camel, (S, O, Msb, TA,) and to a he-camel, (S, O, TA,) and to a person imprisoned; (O, TA;) as also ↓ طَالِقٌ applied to a she-camel; but طُلُقٌ is more common: (Aboo-Nasr, TA:) the pl. of طُلُقٌ is أَطْلَاقٌ. (S, TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] لِسَانٌ طُلُقٌ ذُلُقٌ: b3: and طُلُقُ اليَدَيْن: see طَلْقٌ again. b4: And طُلُقُ

إِحْدَى اَلقَوَائِمِ (assumed tropical:) A horse having one of the legs without [the whiteness termed] التَّحْجِيل. (S.) And طُلُقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (O,) or اليد اليمنى ↓ طُلْقُ, (K, [in this case again deviating from other authorities,]) (tropical:) A horse without تَحْجِيل in the right fore leg; (TA;) i. q. اليد اليمنى ↓ مُطْلَقُ. (O, K, TA.) And اليَدَيْنِ ↓ مُطْلَقَ (assumed tropical:) A horse having the fore legs free from تحجيل. (Msb.) b5: [As an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] طُلُقٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, O,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K, [but this, as in the instances above, is questionable,]) signifies (assumed tropical:) A gazelle: (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K:) so called because of the quickness of its running: (O, * TA:) pl. أَطْلَاقٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) A dog of the chase: (K:) because he is let loose; or because of the quickness of his running at the chase: (TA:) أَطْلَاقٌ is mentioned by Ibn-' Abbád as signifying dogs of the chase. (O.) طَلْقَةٌ [A single divorce: used in this sense in law-books]. (T and Msb in art. بت, &c.) طُلَقَةٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَلَاقٌ is the inf. n. of طَلَقَت said of a woman: (Th, S, Mgh, O, K:) or the subst. therefrom: (Msb:) or [rather] it is also a subst. in the sense of تَطْلِيقٌ; (Mgh;) [whence,] طَلَاقُ المَرْأَةِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The letting the wife go her way: (Lth, O:) and it has two meanings: one is [the divorcing of the woman; i. e.] the dissolving of the wife's marriage-tie: and the other is the leaving, and dismissing, of the wife [either in an absolute sense or as is done by a single sentence of divorce]. (O, TA.) Some of the lawyers hold that the free woman whose husband is a slave is not separated but by three [sentences, as is the case when both husband and wife are free]; and the female slave whose husband is free, by two: some, that the wife in the former case is separated by two [sentences]; and in the latter case, by not less than three: and some, that when the husband is a slave and the wife is free, or the reverse, or when both are slaves, the wife is separated by two [sentences]. (TA.) طَلِيقٌ A captive having his bond loosed from him, (S, O, K, TA,) and let go. (TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: And (assumed tropical:) A man freed from slavery; emancipated; i. q. عَتِيقٌ; i. e. who has become free: pl. طُلَقَآءُ. (TA.) b3: It is said in a trad., الطُّلَقَآءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَالعُتَقَآءُ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ (assumed tropical:) [The طُلَقَآء are of Kureysh; and the عُتَقَآء, of Thakeef]: الطلقاء being app. applied to Kureysh as it has a more special signification than العتقاء: but accord. to Th, الطُّلَقَآءُ signifies those who have been brought within the pale of El-Islám against their will. (TA.) b4: طَلِيقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طَلِيقٌ ذَلِيقٌ: b5: and طَلِيقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b6: and طَلِيقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ again; the last in two places. b7: طَلِيقُ الإِلٰهِ means (tropical:) The wind. (O, K, TA.) طَلَّاقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طِلِّيقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَالِقٌ A she-camel not having having her fore shank and her arm bound together: (TA:) or not having upon her a خِطَام [or halter]: (IDrd, O, K:) or repairing to the water; and so ↓ مِطْلَاقٌ; (Aboo-Nasr, K, TA;) of which latter she pl. is مَطَالِيقُ: (TA:) or that is left a day and a night and then milked: (K:) pl. طَوَالِقُ and أَطْلَاقٌ and طَلَقَةٌ; which last is expl. by AA as meaning she-camels that are milked in the place of pasturing. (TA.) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence: and for an explanation of the pl. طَوَالِقُ applied to camels, see طَلَقٌ, second sentence. Also (O), طَالِقٌ, (S, O,) or طَالِقَةٌ, (K,) signifies A she-camel which the pastor leaves for himself, not milking her at the water: (S, O, K:) the former is expl. by Esh-Sheybánee as meaning one which the pastor leaves [with her udder bound] with her صِرَار, not milking her in the place where she lies down to rest: (TA:) or the latter signifies, (Lth, O, K,) and the former also, (Lth, O,) a she-camel that is set loose among the tribe to pasture where she will in any part of the tract adjacent to their place of alighting or abode, (Lth, O, K, [من جِنانِهِمْ in the CK being erroneously put for مِنْ جَنَابِهِمْ,]) that has not her fore shank and her arm bound together when she returns in the afternoon or evening, nor is turned away [from the others] in the place of pasturage: (Lth, O:) or طَالِقٌ signifies a she-camel, (S, Msb,) and a ewe, (S,) that is set loose, or dismissed, to pasture where she will: (S, Msb:) and also as first expl. in this sentence: (S:) it is mentioned by ElFárábee as signifying a ewe left to pasture by herself, alone. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] طَالِقٌ and طَالِقَةٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former, without ة, used by all, (Msb,) the latter occurring in a verse of El-Aashà, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb,) ending a hemistich, and pronounced طَالِقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, [which cite the verse somewhat differently,]) (tropical:) A woman [divorced, or] left to go her way, (S, * Mgh, * O, Msb, *) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]: (S, * Mgh, * Mgh, * K, TA:) both mentioned by Akh: (O, TA:) accord. to IAmb, one says طَالِقٌ only, because it applies only to a female: accord. to Lth and IF, طَالِقَةٌ means طَالِقَةٌ غَدًا [divorced, &c., to-morrow]; and Lth adds that it is thus to accord with its verb, طَلَقَتْ: some, however, say that the ه is affixed in the verse of El-Aashà by poetic license, to complete the hemistich; but an Arab of the desert, in reciting this verse to As, is related to have said طَالِقٌ [which equally completes the hemistich]: and the Basrees hold that the sign of the fem. gender is elided in طَالِقٌ because it is a possessive epithet, meaning ذَاتُ طَلَاقٍ [having divorce]. (Msb.) b3: أُوْجُهٌ طَوَالِقُ: b4: and لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ and لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ: see طَلْقٌ, latter half.

طُتَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِطِّلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 8.

تُطَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِسْتِطْلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 10.

مُطْلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] يَدُهُ مُطْلَقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ again, former half. b3: See also مَآءٌ مُطْلَقٌ طِلْقٌ. means (assumed tropical:) Water that is unrestricted. (TA.) And حُكْمٌ مُطْلَقٌ means (assumed tropical:) [A judicial decision, or an ordinance or the like, or a rule, that is unrestricted, or absolute, or] in which is no exception. (TA.) b4: مُطْلَقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى: and مُطْلَقَ اليَدَيْنِ: each applied to a horse: see طُلُقٌ.

A2: [Golius, as on the authority of Meyd, explains it as signifying also A place where horses meet to be sent forth to run, or race: but what here next follows inclines me to think that it may be correctly مُطَلَّقٌ.]

مُطَلِّقٌ One desiring to outstrip with his horse in a race. (K.) مِطْلَاقٌ: see طَالِقٌ.

A2: Also, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ مِطْلِيقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طُلَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ طِلِّيقٌ, (K,) and ↓ طَلَّاقٌ, this last mentioned by Z, (TA,) (tropical:) One who oftentimes divorces, or dismisses, wives. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) مِطْلِيقٌ: see what next precedes.

مَطْلُوقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ. b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ مَطْلُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman taken with the pains of parturition. (Mgh, Msb.) مُطَيْلِقٌ and مُطَيْلِيقٌ dims. of مُنْطَلِقٌ. (S.) مُتَطَلَِّقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

مُنْطَلِقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

نُطَيْلِيقٌ: dim. of اِنْطِلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 7.

طوق

1 طَاقَهُ, inf. n. طَوْقٌ: see 4.2 طوّقه, (S, TA,) or طوّقهُ طَوْقًا, (O, K, TA,) inf. n. تَطْوِيقٌ, (TA,) He attired him with a طَوْق [or neck-ring]. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] طَوَّقْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ means (assumed tropical:) I made the thing to be [as though it were] his طَوْق [or neck-ring]: and thereby is expressed the imposing [upon one] a thing that is difficult, troublesome, or inconvenient: (Msb:) [i. e.] طَوَّقْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ means (assumed tropical:) I imposed, or have imposed, upon thee the thing as one that is difficult, troublesome, or inconvenient. (S, O, K. *) سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُوا بِهِ, in the Kur [iii. 176], means (assumed tropical:) They shall have that whereof they were niggardly made to cleave to their necks [like the neck-ring]: (O, TA:) as is said in a trad., it shall be made a biting snake upon the neck. (Jel.) And [in the Kur ii. 180] some read, وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطَوَّقُونَهُ, [in the CK, erroneously, يُطَوِّقُونَهُ,] meaning, (assumed tropical:) And upon those who shall have it put [upon them] like the طَوْق upon their necks [shall be incumbent &c.]: (K, TA:) which is like the saying يُجَشَّمُونَهُ and يُكَلَّفُونَهُ [i. e. shall have it imposed upon them as a thing that is difficult, troublesome, or inconvenient]: (TA:) another reading is ↓ يَطَّوَّقُونَهُ, [in the CK, erroneously, يُطَّوَّقُونَهُ,] originally يَتَطَوَّقُونَهُ [meaning the same as the former reading]: and another, ↓ يُطَيَّقُونَهُ, originally يُطَيْوَقُونَهُ [also meaning the same; in the CK, erroneously, يُطَيْقُونَهُ]: and another, ↓ يَطَّيَّقُونَهُ, [in the CK, erroneously, with damm to the first letter, and so in what follows,] originally يَتَطَيْوَقُونَهُ [also meaning the same]. (K, TA.) One says also, طوّقهُ بِهِ and طوّقهُ إِيَّاهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He made it, namely, a sword, &c., to be to him a طَوْق [or thing encircling, or going round, his neck]. (TA.) And طَوَّقَنِى نِعْمَةً (tropical:) [He conferred upon me a permanent badge of favour]: and طُوِّقْتُ مِنْهُ أَيَادِىَ (tropical:) [I had permanent badges of favours from him conferred upon me]: and the verb is also used [in like manner] to denote dispraise, to which it has been erroneously said by some to be restricted. (TA. [See also 2 in art. قلد: and see طَوْقٌ.]) b3: طوّقت الحَيَّةُ: see 5.

A2: طَوَّقَنِىَ اللّٰهُ أَدَآءَ حَقّكَ, (S, O,) or حَقِّهِ, (K,) means God strengthened me, or empowered me, sufficiently for the giving, or paying, of thy due, or of his due: syn. قَوَّانِى (S, O, K) عَلَيْهِ. (K.) And طُوِّقَهُ He was enabled to do it. (TA.) b2: طَوَّقَتْ لَهُ نَفْسُهُ (Akh, S, O, K) is syn. with طَوَّعَتْ, (Akh, S, O,) meaning His soul, or mind, facilitated to him [the doing of a thing]. (Akh, S, O, K.) 4 اطاق الشَّىْءَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and اطاق عَلَيْهِ, (K,) inf. n. إِطَاقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and طَاقَةٌ is the subst. (Az, Msb, K) used in the place of the inf. n. like طَاعَةٌ in the place of إِطَاعَةٌ, (Az, TA,) He was, or became, able to do, or accomplish, or to bear, the thing; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ طَاقَهُ, (Az, * K,) aor. ـُ (Az, TA,) inf. n. طَوْقٌ. (Az, K.) It is not used exclusively of a human being, as some assert it to be; but is used in a general manner. (TA.) [One says لَا يُطَلقُ meaning He will not be, or is not to be, coped with: and also as meaning it is not to be done, or to be borne, endured, or tolerated: and so مَا يُطَاقُ: see an ex. voce حَمْضَ.]5 تطوّق He put on, or attired himself with, a طَوْق [or neck-ring]. (S, O, K.) b2: [Hence, تطوّقهُ, and تطوّق بِهِ, (assumed tropical:) He had it put upon him, and he bore it, and he took it upon himself, like the طَوْق upon the neck: and he had it imposed upon him, and he imposed it upon himself, as a thing that was difficult, troublesome, or inconvenient]. See 2. [See also Har p. 310. and see 5 in art. قلد.] b3: And تطوّقت الحَيَّةُ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ (tropical:) The serpent became like the طَوْق upon his neck; as also ↓ طوّقت. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 يُطَيَّقُونَهُ, originally يُطَيْوَقُونَهُ: see 2.

Q. Q. 2 يَطَّيَّقُونَهُ, originally يَتَطَيْوَقُونَهُ: see 2.

طَاقٌ A curved construction or structure; (S, O, K;) [said to be] a Pers\. word arabicized; (S, O;) and its pl. is طَاقَاتٌ and طِيقَانٌ: (S, O, K:) or an arch of a building, wherever it is; and the pl. is أَطْوَاقٌ and طِيقَانٌ: (JK, TA:) and as signifying [thus, or] an arch constructed with bricks, it is [said to be] originally ↓ طَائِقٌ; and therefore to have for its pl. طَوَائِقُ: so says Az. (TA.) [It is often applied to An arched gateway or doorway: and to a vault. And] i. q. كُوَّةٌ [i. e. A mural aperture; a hole, or an aperture, in a wall; a meaning also assigned to إِفْرِيزٌ, by which طَاقٌ will be found to be expl. in what follows: or a niche in a wall; which, as also a window, is now often called ↓ طَاقَةٌ]. (So in the Munjid of Kr.) [And app. A kind of arched construction with a flat top which forms a shelf, against a wall. (See رَفٌّ and سَهْوَةٌ.)] And i. q. إِفْرِيزٌ [which is expl. as meaning a projecting roof or covering of a wall: and a projecting coping, or ledge, or cornice, surrounding the upper part of a wall: and in the KL as meaning a hole, or an aperture, of a wall; (as mentioned above;) but its author adds “ so we have heard ”]: (MA voce إِفْرِيزٌ:) or so أَطْوَاقٌ. (JK, and O on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád. [But this I think doubtful, and the more so as it will be seen in what follows that another meaning assigned in these same lexicons to أَطْوَاقٌ is said by IB to be a meaning of طَاقٌ.]) b2: See also طَائِقٌ, in two places. b3: [Also A layer, stratum, lamina, or the like; or any flat piece, or portion, of a thing, such as is in some cases placed over, or under, a similar piece or portion: and anything such as is in some cases lined, or faced, or otherwise combined, with another similar thing: pl. طَاقَاتٌ.] You say طَاقُ نَعْلٍ

[A single piece of leather of a sole that consists of two or more of such pieces]; (S, O, K;) and نعْلٍ ↓ طَاقَةُ [which means the same]. (K.) and نَعْلٌ طَاقٌ وَاحِدٌ A single sole; i. e. a sole of a single piece; not made of two pieces sewed together, one upon the other. (TA in art. نعل.) And [in like manner] a garment is said to be طَاقٌ وَاحِدٌ [i. e. Single, not double, not lined nor faced nor stuffed]. (Az, in TA in art. سمط, [where this meaning is clearly indicated,] and Th, in M, same art.) Thus one says سَرَاوِيلُ طَاقٌ وَاحِدٌ [Trousers, or drawers, of single cloth]. (Th, M and K in art. سمط.) [See also what is said of the phrase السَّرَاوِيلُ الطَّاقُ voce رِجْلٌ.] One says also غَزْلٌ طَاقٌ وَاحِدٌ [Spun thread that is a single yarn]: and غَزْلٌ مَفْتُولٌ طَاقَيْنِ [Spun thread twisted of two yarns]. (S and TA in art. سحل.) See also طَاقَةٌ, which has a similar meaning. [and see an ex. of the pl. طَاقَات voce رَبْعَةٌ.]

A2: Also A certain sort of garment, (S, O, K,) having sleeves. (S, O.) [And] accord. to Esh-Shereeshee, A garment worn by a new-born child, or young infant, without an opening at the bosom. (Har p. 502.) b2: And (O, K) accord. to IAar, (O,) A [garment of the kind called] طَيْلَسَان [q. v.]: (O, K:) or such as is أَخْضَر [properly meaning green; but when applied to a garment commonly meaning, as used by the Arabs, of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour; or a dingy ashcolour]: (Kr, K:) pl. طِيقَانٌ, like سِيجَانٌ pl. of سَاجٌ. (TA.) b3: And A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآءِ: (IB, TA:) and (TA) so أَطْوَاقٌ. (JK, and O and TA on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád. [But this, as I have shown above, I think doubtful.]) b4: And A [woman's muffler, or head-covering, such as is called] خِمَار. (IAar, TA.) b5: And one says, رَأَيْتُ أَرْضًا كَأَنَّهَا الطِّيقَانُ (tropical:) [I saw a land as though it were spread with the garments called طيقان]; meaning, whereof the herbage was abundant. (TA.) طَوْقٌ [A neck-ring;] a certain ornament for the neck; (K;) a thing well known: (Msb:) [its most usual from is figured in my work on the Modern Egyptians, Appendix A:] pl. أَطْوَاقٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) It is said in a prov., كَبِرَ عَمْرٌو عَنِ الطَّوْقِ ['Amr has become too much advanced in age for the neck-ring]: (A 'Obeyd, O, K, TA: in some copies of the K [erroneously] كَبُرَ:) or شَبَّ عَمْرٌو عَنِ الطَّوْقِ, [which has the like meaning,] as in most of the books of proverbs: (TA:) applied to him who occupies himself with a thing that is beneath his ability. (K. [For the story of the origin of this prov., see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 319-21, or Har pp. 502-3; as it is too long to be quoted here.]) b2: And Anything that surrounds another thing (Msb, K) is called its طَوْق. (Msb.) b3: Hence ذَاتُ الطَّوْقِ as an appel-lation of The [ringed] pigeon [or ring-dove]. (Msb.) b4: [And hence] one says, تَقَلَّدْتُ النِّعْمَةَ طَوْقَ الحَمَامَةِ (tropical:) [I bore the favour as the ring of the pigeon; meaning, as a permanent badge or decoration]: and فِى عُنُقِى طَوْقٌ مَا لِى بِأَدَآءِ شُكْرِهِ طَوْقٌ (tropical:) [Upon my neck is a permanent badge or decoration, for which I have not ability to render due acknowledgment]: so in the A: hence also the saying of El-Mutanebbee, أَقَامَتْ فِى الرِّقَابِ لَهُ أَيَادٍ

هِىَ الأَطْوَاقُ وَالنَّاسُ الحَمَامُ [Favours of his have remained upon the necks: they are the neck-rings, and the men are the pigeons]. (TA. [See, for this verse, p. 164 of Dieterici's ed. of the Deewán of El-Mutanebbee.]) b5: الطَّوْقُ signifies also The neck [itself]. (TA.) b6: And The كَرّ, (O,) or حَابُول, (K,) [i. e. the rope in the form of a loop] by means of which one ascends the palm-tree. (O, K. *) A2: See also the next paragraph, first and second sentences.

طَاقَةٌ is the subst. from أَطَاقَ, (Az, Msb, K,) and is used in the place of the inf. n., (Az, TA,) and [when used as a simple subst.] signifies Ability, or power; (S, O, * Msb, K;) and so ↓ طَوْقٌ, (S, O, K,) which is [originally] an inf. n., (Az, K,) and is also expl. as meaning the utmost that one can do, with difficulty, trouble, or inconvenience. (TA.) One says, [لَا طَاقَةَ لِى بِهِ I have not ability, or power, to do it, or to bear or endure or tolerate it: and, to cope with him: (see Kur ii. last verse: and verse 250:) and]

↓ هُوَ فِى طَوْقِى It is within my ability, or power. (S.) In the phrase طَلَبْتَهُ طَاقَتَكَ, [as meaning Thou soughtest him, or it, in thy state of ability, or power,] Sb says, the [quasi-] inf. n. is prefixed [to the pronoun, and thus rendered determinate], though occupying the place of a denotative of state; in like manner as the article ال is prefixed [to عراك] in the phrase أَرْسَلَهَا. (TA.) A2: [Also A slender and small bundle or fascicle of fibres or filaments or the like, one of those whereof two or more, twisted together, compose a rope; a strand, a yarn, a single twist, or single thread, of a rope or cord or fringe &c.] You say طَاقَةٌ مِنْ حَبْلٍ A strand, yarn, or single twist, of a rope; syn. قُوَّةٌ; (S voce قُوَّةٌ;) and so مِنْ حَبْلٍ ↓ طَاقٌ, pl. أَطْوَاقٌ: (JK voce قُوَّةٌ:) [the pl. of طَاقَةٌ in this sense is طَاقَاتٌ:] طَاقَاتُ الحَبْلِ means قُوَاهُ, as is said in the A. (TA.) b2: And A شُعْبَة [i. e. spring, spray, bunch, or branchlet,] of sweet basil, or of sweet-smelling plants: and likewise [a lock, or flock,] of hair: (JK, TA:) [and so of wool, and the like;] you say طَاقَةُ رَيْحَانٍ, (S, O, K, TA,) [or مِنْ رَيْحَانٍ, &c.,] meaning شُعْبَةٌ مِنْهُ, as in the A. (TA.) b3: طَاقَةُ نَعْلٍ: see طَاقٌ, latter half. b4: See also another meaning of طَاقَةٌ voce طَاقٌ, first quarter.

طَوْقَةٌ A round, and plain, or soft, piece of ground, amid rugged tracts of ground: (O, K:) mentioned by IDrd as occurring in some poem of the Time of Ignorance but not heard by him from his companions. (O.) طَائِقٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ طَاقٌ (O, K) A prominence [app. meaning a ledge or ridge] projecting from a mountain: (S, O, K:) and the former, (S,) or the latter, (K,) or each, (O,) also the like thereof in a well; (S, O, K; [in the CK, النِّيرِ is erroneously put for البِئْرِ;]) i. e., in the wall that surrounds the interior of a well; and its pl. is طَوَائِقُ: (TA:) and between any two pieces of wood [or planks] of a ship, or boat: (S, O, K:) or طَائِقٌ signifies one of the pieces of wood [or planks] of the interior of a زَوْرَق [or skiff]: accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, it is the middle. or in the middle, of a ship or boat: and accord. to As, a prominence projecting from a ship, or boat, like a ledge swelling out from a mountain: and also, he says, a ridge, or ledge, in a [mountain, or portion of a mountain, such as is termed] قُنَّة: accord. to Lth, طَائِقُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ signifies any mountain, or [hill such as is termed]

أَكَمَة, that surrounds anything: and its pl. is أَطْوَاقٌ [like أَصْحَابٌ pl. of صَاحِبٌ]. (TA.) b2: طَائِقٌ also signifies, accord. to Ibn-Hamzeh, The curved extremity of a bow; which is said to be called its ↓ طَاق; but this he disallows. (TA.) b3: See also طَاقٌ, first sentence.

أَطْوَاقٌ [a pl. of طَاقٌ: and of طَوْقٌ: and of طَائِقٌ.

A2: Also] The milk of the cocoa-nut: (O, K, TA:) AHn says, (O, TA,) it is very intoxicating; (O, K, TA;) moderately as long as its drinker does not go forth to the wind; but if he does so, his intoxication becomes excessive; (K, TA;) and when he who is not accustomed to it, (O, K, TA,) and is not suited to it, (O, TA,) continues constantly the drinking of it, it vitiates his intellect, (O, K, TA,) and confuses his understanding: (O, TA:) when it remains until the morrow, it becomes most acid vinegar. (K, TA.) حَمَامٌ مُطَوَّقٌ, (O,) and حَمَامَةٌ مُطَوَّقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) [Pigeons, and a pigeon,] having [i. e. marked with] a ring upon the neck. (S, O, K.) b2: and مُطَوَّقَةٌ signifies A large قَارُورَة [i. e. flask, or bottle,] having a ringed neck: (O, K:) thus called by the people of El-'Irák. (O.)

حمد

1 حَمِدَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَمْدٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and مَحْمَدٌ and مَحْمِدٌ (L, K) and مَحْمَدَةٌ (S, L, K) and مَحْمِدَةٌ; (L, K, and so in a copy of the S;) the last of these inf. ns. [and the third also] extr.; (L;) or the last is an inf. n. and the last but one signifies “ a praiseworthy quality,” or “ a quality for which one is praised; ” (ElFenáree, MF;) or the last may be a simple subst.; (Har p. 392;) He praised, eulogized, or commended, him; spoke well of him; mentioned him with approbation; (Akh, S, L, Msb;) عَلَى كَذَا for such a thing; (L, Msb;) contr. of ذَمَّهُ: (S, L:) accord. to IAmb, formed by transposition from مَدَحَ: (marginal note in a copy of the MS:) but it is of less common application than the latter verb; (Msb in art. مدح;) signifying he praised him, &c., for something depending on his (the latter's) own will: thus, the describing a pearl as clear is not حَمْدٌ, but it is مَدْحٌ: (Kull p. 150:) or i. q. شَكَرَهُ: (Lh, K:) but it differs [sometimes] from this; (Msb;) for شُكْرٌ is only on account of favour received; whereas حَمْدٌ is sometimes because of favour received, (Th, Az, Msb,) and sometimes from other causes; (Th;) [and thus] the latter is of more common application than the former; (S;) therefore you do not say, شَكَرْتُهُ عَلَى شَجَاعَتِهِ; but you say, حَمِدْتُهُ على شجاعته I praised him, &c., for his courage. (Msb.) حمد also implies admiration: and it implies the magnifying, or honouring, of the object thereof; and lowliness, humility, or submissiveness, in the person who offers it; as in the saying of the afflicted, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ Praise be to God; since in this case there is no worldly blessing, favour, or benefit. (Msb.) This last phrase is generally pronounced as it is written above: but some of the Arabs are related to have pronounced it الحَمْدَ لِلّٰهِ, putting the former word in the accus. case as the absolute complement of the verb أَحْمَدُ understood: and others, الحَمْدِلِلّٰهِ; assimilating the final vowel of the former word to the vowel immediately following it: and others, الحَمْدُ لُلّٰهِ; assimilating the first vowel in للّٰه to the vowel immediately preceding it: Zj, however, disapproves of the latter two modes of pronouncing it: some of them also said, بَدَأْتُ بِالحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ, meaning I began with the saying Praise be to God. (L.) [See also حَمْدٌ below.] You say, أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكَ اللّٰهَ I praise God (Az, A, * L, K) to thee, or in thy presence: (L:) or with thee: (Kh, Az:) or I praise to thee God's benefits, and his blessings, or favours; or I praise to thee God's blessings, or favours, and discourse to thee of them. (L.) And حَمِدَ لَهُ أَمْرًا (tropical:) He approved of a thing for him. (L, K. *) And حَمِدَ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرًا (tropical:) He approved of a thing for him, and commanded, or enjoined, him to do it. (L.) and جاوَرْتُهُ فَمَا حَمِدْتُ جِوَارَهُ (tropical:) [I became his neighbour, and did not approve of being so]. (A.) See also 4. b2: Also, (aor. and inf. n. as above in the beginning of this art., K,) He recompensed, or requited, him: he gave him, or paid him, his due. (L, K.) A2: حَمِدَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـَ (L, K, *) inf. n. حَمَدٌ, (TA,) He was angry with him. (L, K.) 2 حمّد, inf. n. تَحْمِيدٌ, has a more intensive signification than حَمدَ; (S;) [He declared the praises of God: or] he praised God much, with good forms of praise (بِالمَحَامِدِ الحَسَنَةِ): (T, L:) or repeatedly; or time after time. (L, K.) تحميد [used as a simple subst.] has a pl., namely, تَحَامِيدُ. (A.) [See an ex. voce خَاتَمٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.]4 احمد He (a man, S) came to a state, or result, such as was praised, or commended, or approved; properly, his affair, or case, came to such a state or result: (S, L, K:) or (so in the K, but in the L “ and ”) he did, or said, that for which he should be praised, or commended; or that which was praiseworthy, or commendable; (A, L, K; *) contr. of أَذَمَّ. (A.) And احمد أَمْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His affair, or case, was, or became, praiseworthy, or approvable, in his estimation: (K:) or احمد أَمْرَهُ (as in the L) he esteemed his affair, or case, praiseworthy, or approvable. (L [agreeably with what next follows].) A2: احمدهُ He found him (a man, A, L) [or it] to be such as is praised, commended, or approved; or praiseworthy, commendable, or approvable; (S, A, L, Msb;) contr. of أَذَمَّهُ: (TA in art. ذم:) he made it manifest that he was worthy of praise, eulogy, commendation, or approbation: (L:) he approved of his action, and his course of conduct, or his tenet or tenets, and did not expose it, or them, to others. (K.) And أَحْمَدْتُ صَنِيعَهُ (tropical:) [I found his action to be praiseworthy, or commendable, or approvable]. (A.) And احمد الأَرْضَ (tropical:) He approved the land as a dwelling-place: (A:) or he found the land to be such as is praised, commended, or approved; as also ↓ حَمِدَهَا; (L, K;) but the former verb is the more chaste in this sense. (L.) And احمد مَوْضِعًا (tropical:) He found a place to be such as is praised, commended, or approved, and convenient, or suitable, so that he approved it as a dwelling-place, or for its pasture. (S, L.) 5 تحمّد He affected, or made a show of, (تَكَلَّفَ,) praise. (A.) You say, ↓ وَجَدْتُهُ مُتَحَمِّدًا مُتَشَكِّرًا [I found him affecting, or making a show of, praise and thanks]. (A.) b2: He praised himself. (KL.) [Golius assigns this meaning to ↓ احتمد, as on the authority of the KL; but it is not assigned to this verb in my copy of the KL.] b3: فُلَانٌ يَتَحَمَّدُ النّاس [app. a slight mistranscription, for لِلنَّاسِ, i. q. إِلَى النَّاسِ, as in an ex. in the next sentence but one,] Such a one pretends to men, or shows them, that he is praiseworthy, بِجُودِهِ for his liberality. (L.) b4: تحمّد عَلَيْهِ He reproached him for a favour, or benefit, which he (the former) had bestowed, or conferred; or recounted his gifts, or actions, to him; syn. اِمْتَنَّ. (S, L, K.) One says, مَنْ أَنْفَقَ مَالَهُ عَلَى

نَفْسِهِ فَلَا يَتَحَمَّدْ بِهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ [Whoso expends his property upon himself, he shall not reproach men therewith as for favours, or benefits, bestowed]: (S, A:) or فلا يتحمّد بِه إِلَى النَّاسِ [he shall not pretend to men that he is praiseworthy on account of it]: a prov., meaning that a man is not praised for his beneficence to himself, but for his beneficence to others. (L.) 6 تحامدوا (tropical:) [They praised, or commended, a thing, one to another]. You say, الرُّعَآءُ يَتَحَامَدُونَ الكَلَأَ (tropical:) [The pastors praise, or commend, one to another, the herbage]. (A.) 8 احتمد: see 5.

A2: Said of heat, [It burned, or burned fiercely; or was, or became, vehement:] formed by transposition from احتدم. (S.) 10 اِسْتَحْمِدِ اللّٰهَ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ بِإِحْسَانِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ وإِنْعَامِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ [so I find it written, as though meaning Demand thou, of his creatures, the praising of God, by reason of his beneficence to them, and his bounty to them: but I think that we should read اِسْتَحْمَدَ اللّٰهُ, and that the meaning is, God hath demanded praise of his creatures by his beneficence, &c.]. (A.) حَمْدٌ Praise, eulogy, or commendation; &c. (S, &c. [For further explanations of this word, and respecting the phrase الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ and its variations, see 1: and see also شَكَرَ.]) سُبْحَانَكَ اللّٰهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ, said by a person praying, means [I extol, or celebrate, or declare, thy remoteness, or freedom, from every impurity, or imperfection, &c., O God, (see art. سبح,)] and I begin with praising Thee; أَبْتَدِئُ being understood: (Az, L, Msb:) or by بحمدك is meant الحَمْدُ لَكَ praise be to Thee: and nearly the same is said in explanation of the phrase in the Kur [ii. 28], نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِكَ, that by بحمدك is meant حَامِدِينَ لَكَ: [see, again, art. سبح:] or by the expression وبحمدك is meant, accord. to Aboo-'Othmán ElMázinee, and by praising Thee I extol thy remoteness, or freedom, from every impurity, &c.; سَبَّحْتُكَ being understood: or the و is redundant, as it is in the phrase, رَبَّنَاوَلَكَ الحَمْدُ [O our Lord, praise be to Thee], in which the و is sometimes omitted: or, accord. to Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, the و is corroborative, as in the phrase, وَهُوَ لَكَ, for هُوَ لَكَ. (Msb.) لِوَآءُ الحَمْدِ بِيَدِى يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ [The standard of praise shall be in my hand on the day of resurrection (said by Mohammad)] means that he shall be singularly distinguished by praise, or praising, on that day. (L.) b2: See حَمَادِ: b3: and حُمَادَاكَ.

A2: See also حَمِيدٌ.

A3: It is also said to signify The young one of the kind of bird called قَطًا: so in the prov., حمْدُ قَطَاةٍ يَسْتَمِى الأَرَانِبَ A young one of a katà desires to make the hares its prey: applied to a weak man who desires to insnare a strong one. (Meyd, TA.) A4: See also what next follows.

حَمَدَةٌ The sound of the flaming, or blazing, of fire; (S, K;) as also حَدَمَةٌ [from which it is formed by transposition: see 8: and ↓ حَمْدٌ app. signifies the same: see حَدْمٌ]. (TA.) حُمَدَةٌ: see حَمَّادٌ.

حَمَادِ لَهُ Praise, and thanks, be to him: (S, L, K:) i. e., to such a one: (S, L:) contr. of جَمَادِ لَهُ [q. v.]. (S and A in art. جمد.) حَمَادِ is indecl., with kesr for its termination, because it deviates from its original, which is the inf. n. [↓ الحَمْدُ]: (S, L:) [i. e.,] it is [a quasi-inf. n., (see اِسْمُ مَصْدَرٍ in art. صدر,) being] a proper name for المَحْمَدَةُ [as syn. with الحَمْدُ]. (Sharh Shudhoor edh-Dhahab.) حَمُودٌ: see what next follows.

حَمِيدٌ and ↓ مَحْمُودٌ (S, A, L, K) and ↓ حَمُودٌ (as in copies of the K, but this seems to be an intensive epithet,) Praised, eulogized, or commended; spoken well of; mentioned with approbation; approved; such as is praised, &c.; praiseworthy, laudable; commendable, or approvable: (S, L, K: [in which, as well as in numberless exs., all these significations are clearly indicated, though not so clearly explained; the Arabic words to which they apply exactly agreeing with the Latin “ laudatus,” which means both “ praised ” and “ praiseworthy: ”]) the fem. of the first is with ة, (L, K,) because the signification, though properly that of a pass. part. n., nearly agrees with that of an act. part. n.: (L:) you say, [هِىَ حَمِيدَةٌ She is praised, &c.; and] أَفْعَالُهُ حَمِيدَةٌ (tropical:) [His actions are praised, &c.]. (A.) ↓ حَمْدٌ, also, [originally an inf. n., like its contr.

ذَمٌّ,] used as an epithet applied to a man, is syn. with مَحْمُودٌ; (K;) and as an epithet applied to a woman, syn. with مَحْمُودَةٌ, (TA,) as is also حَمْدَةٌ: (K, TA:) and you likewise say مَنْزِلٌ حَمْدٌ (K) and مَنْزِلَهٌ حَمْدَةٌ (Lh) (assumed tropical:) A place where one alights, sojourns, or abides, such as is praised, or approved, (K, TA,) and convenient, or suitable. (TA.) الحَمِيدُ, meaning He who is praised, or praiseworthy, in every case, is an epithet applied to God; one of the names termed الأَسْمَآءُ الحُسْنَى. (L.) ↓ المَقَامُ المَحْمُودُ [mentioned in the Kur xvii. 81] means (assumed tropical:) The station in which its occupant shall be praised by all creatures [on the day of resurrection] because of his being quickly reckoned with, and relieved from long standing: or it is the station of the intercessor. (L.) حُمَادَاكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا (S, L, K *) and ↓ حَمْدُكَ (L) The utmost of thy power, or of thine ability, [or the utmost of thy praiseworthy actions, (see an ex. of the pl. in what follows,) will be] thy doing such a thing; syn. مَبْلَغُ جَهْدِكَ, (L,) or قُصَارَاكَ, (S, L,) and غَايَتُكَ: (S, L, K:) and in like manner, حُمَادِى The utmost of my power, &c. (K.) حُمَادَيَاتُ النِّسَآءِ غَضُّ الطَّرْفِ, said by Umm-Selemeh, means The utmost of the praiseworthy qualities of women is the lowering of the eye. (L.) حَمَّادٌ (TA) and ↓ حُمَدَةٌ (A, K) A man (TA) who praises things much; a great, or frequent, praiser: (A, K, TA:) or the latter, a man who praises things much and extravagantly. (S.) You say, إِنَّهُ لَحَمَّادٌ لِلّٰهِ Verily he is one who praises God much, or repeatedly, or time after time. (L, K.) العَوْدُ أَحْمَدُ is a prov., (S,) meaning (tropical:) Repetition is more attributive of praise (أَكْثَرُ حَمْدًا): (S, A, K:) for generally you do not desire to return to a thing save after experience, or knowledge, [and approbation,] thereof: [the act of returning, therefore, implies praise:] or the meaning is, when one begins a kind act, he attracts praise to himself; and when one repeats, he gains more praise for himself: or احمد is from the pass. part. n., and the meaning is, the beginning is praised, or praiseworthy; and repetition is more deserving of being praised. (K.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 130]

مَحْمَدَةٌ (S, Mgh) and مَحْمِدَةٌ (Mgh) (assumed tropical:) [A cause of praise, commendation, or approval; a praiseworthy, commendable, or approvable, quality or action;] a thing for which one is, or is to be, praised, commended, or approved: (Mgh:) [see 1, first sentence:] contr. of مَذَمَّةٌ: (S:) [pl. مَحَامِدُ.] You say, هٰذَا طَعَامٌ لَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ مَحْمِدَةٌ, with kesr to the second م, (tropical:) [This is food in which is no approvable quality;] the eating of which is not approved. (A.) b2: [The pl.] مَحَامِدُ signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) Forms of praise. (Msb in art. جمع; &c.) [See 2.]

مُحَمَّدٌ A man praised much, or repeatedly, or time after time: (L, K:) endowed with many praiseworthy qualities. (S, L.) مَحْمُودٌ: see حَمِيدٌ, in two places.

يَوْمٌ مُحْتَمِدٌ A day intensely, or vehemently, hot: (K:) as also مُحْتَدِمٌ [from which it is formed by transposition: see 8]. (TA.) مُتَحَمِّدٌ: see 5.

حضر

1 حَضَرَ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) and حَضِرَ, (AA, Kh, Lth, Fr, S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. as above, (Kh, Lth, Fr, Az, S, Msb, &c.,) not حَضَرَ, as is implied in the K; but the latter form of the pret. is disallowed by some; (MF;) and, with its aor., is an instance of the intermixture of dialects; (Msb;) and is like فَضِلَ, aor. ـُ and نَعِمَ, aor. ـُ which are said by IKoot to be the only instances of the kind; (MF;) inf. n. حُضُورٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَضَارَ; (K;) and ↓ احتضر, and ↓ تحضّر; (K;) He was, or became, present; contr. of غَابَ: (S, K:) he came after having been absent. (Msb.) b2: حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ, (Lth, A, L, Msb,) and, as the people of El-Medeeneh say, حَضِرَت, but all say تَحْضُرُ, (Lth, L,) originally حَضَرَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ, (tropical:) The time of prayer came, or arrived. (Msb.) b3: [حَضَرَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He, or it, was, or became, ready, or prepared. See 4; and see also حاضِرٌ.]

A2: حَضَرَهُ, (AA, Fr, A, Mgh, K, &c.,) and حَضِرَهُ, (AA, Fr, &c.,) aor. and inf. ns. as above; (TA;) and ↓ احتضرهُ, (Mgh, TA,) and ↓ تحضّره; (K;) He was, or became, present with him; attended him; came into his presence; came to him: (K, &c.:) and he was, or became, present at it, or in it; namely, a place. (Mgh.) One says, حَضَرَتِ القَاضِىَ امْرَأَةٌ, (Az,) and حَضِرَت, (Fr, S,) and حَضِرَ, in which the ت is elided because القاضى intervenes between the verb and امرأة, (Sh,) but the first is the most approved, (Az,) [A woman came into the presence of, or presented herself before, or came to, the judge.] And حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ القَاضِى, aor. ـُ inf. n. حُضُورٌ, I was present at, or attended, the court of the judge. (Msb.) [And حَضَرَ دَرْسًا He attended a lecture.] And حَضَرُوا المِيَاهَ They stayed, or dwelt, by the waters. (S. [See حَاضِرٌ.]) b2: أَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ

أَنْ يَحْضُرُونِ [in the Kur xxiii. 100] means [I seek thy protection, O my Lord,] from their (the devils') bringing evil upon me: (S:) or [from their being present with me: or] hovering around me. (Ksh, Bd.) b3: الجِنُّ تَحْضُرُ اللَّبَنَ, (S, K,) or ↓ تَحْتَضِرُهُ, (T, TA,) (assumed tropical:) [The jinn, or genii, come to, and taint, the milk.] b4: حُضِرَ, (A,) and ↓ اُحْتُضِرَ, (A, Mgh, K,) i. q. حَضَرَهُ المَوْتُ, (A, K,) i. e. (tropical:) [He was visited by the angel of death;] he became at the point of death; in the agony of death; as also المَوْتُ ↓ اِحْتَضَرَهُ: (Msb:) or he was visited by death, or by the angels of death; meaning he died: (Mgh:) or ↓ اُحْتُضِرَ means he died a youth. (S and TA voce أَجْزَرَ, q. v.) b5: حَضَرْنَا عَنْ مَآءِ كَذَا (tropical:) We removed from such a water. (K, TA.) b6: حَضَرْتُ الأَمْرَ (tropical:) I was present at the affair, or event. (A.) b7: حَضَرْتُ الأَمْرَ بِخَيْرٍ (tropical:) I formed a right opinion, or judgment, respecting the thing, or affair. (A.) b8: حَضَرَهُ الهَمُّ, and ↓ احتضرهُ, and ↓ تحضّرهُ, (tropical:) [Anxiety befell him.] (S, A.) b9: حَضَرَنِى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) Such a thing occurred to my mind. (Msb.) And قُولُوا مَا يَحْضُرُكُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Say ye what is in your minds; or] what is ready with you. (TA from a trad.) A3: حَضَرَ, (Msb,) inf. n. حِضَارَةٌ, (Az, S, K,) or حَضَارَةٌ, (As, S, A,) or both, (Msb,) [see بَدَا, the contr. of حَضَرَ, in art. بدو,] He resided, dwelt, or abode, in a region, district, or tract, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land; (S, Msb, K;) [as also ↓ تحضّر: or this latter signifies he became an inhabitant of such a region, district, or tract:] you say ↓ بَدَوِىٌّ يَتَحَضَّرُ [an inhabitant of the desert who becomes an inhabitant of a region, district, or tract, of cities &c.]; and [contr.]

حَضَرِىٌّ يَتَبَدَّى. (A.) [See also 8.]3 حَاضَرْتُهُ, (A, TA,) inf. n. مُحَاضَرَةٌ, (TA,) I witnessed it; saw it, or beheld it, with my eye. (A, TA.) A2: مُحَاضَرَةٌ between people is One's giving to another the answer, or reply, that presents itself to him: and حاضر الجَوَابَ signifies He gave the answer, or reply, readily, or presently. (Har p. 189.) b2: حَاضَرْتُهُ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (K,) [also] signifies I sat with him, with my knee to his knee, each of us sitting upon his knees, in contending or disputing, (جَاثَيْتُهُ, S, K, *) in the presence of the Sultán: (S, K:) the meaning is similar to that of مُغَالَبَةٌ and مُكَاثَرَةٌ, (S,) or مُكَابَرَةٌ [which seems to be the right reading]. (TA.) b3: [And حاضرهُ بِكَذَا He disputed, debated, or bandied words, with him respecting such a thing.] b4: And حاضرهُ بِحَقِّهِ, (Lth, TA,) inf. n. as above, (Lth, K,) He contended, or disputed, with him for his (the latter's) right, or due, and overcame him, and went off with it: (Lth, K:) and مُجَالَدَةٌ, also, [which is one of the explanations assigned to مُحَاضَرَةٌ in the K,] is syn. with مُحَاضَرَةٌ as the inf. n. of the verb in this sense [unless it be a mistranscription for مُجَادَلَةٌ, which I think not improbable]. (TA.) A3: Also حَاضَرْتُهُ, (S, A,) inf. n. as above, (K,) I ran with him: (S, K:) or I vied, or contended, with him in running; syn. عَادَيْتُهُ; from الحُضْرُ. (A.) 4 احضرهُ, (S, A, K,) [inf. n. إِحْضَارٌ,] He caused him, (S, A,) or it, (K,) to be present; he brought him, or it. (S, K.) [It is also doubly trans.] You say, احضرهُ إِيَّاهُ He caused him, or it, to be present with him, to attend him, to come into his presence, or to come to him; or he brought him, or it, to him. (K.) And طَلَبْتُ فُلَانًا فَأَحْضَرَنِيهِ صَاحِبُهُ [I demanded such a one, and his companion caused him to come to me, or brought him to me]. (A.) [Hence,] أَحْضِرْ ذِهْنَكَ (tropical:) [Summon thine intellect; have thy wits about thee]. (A.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He made it ready, or prepared it; syn. أَعَدَّهُ. (TA in art. عد.) A2: احضر, (S,) inf. n. إِحْضَارٌ; (S, A, K, &c.;) and ↓ احتضر; (S;) He (a horse, S, K, and a man, Kr) ran; syn. عَدَا: (S:) or rose in his running; [app. meaning trotted;] syn. اِرْتَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ. (K.) 5 تَحَضَّرَ see 1, in five places.8 إِحْتَضَرَ see 1, in seven places.

A2: [احتضر also signifies He came to a region, district, or tract, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land. See مُحْتَضِرٌ, voce حَاضِرٌ; and see also حَضَرَ, last signification.]

A3: See also 4.10 استحضرهُ He desired, or demanded, his presence. (A.) [He desired, or required, or requested, that he, or it, should come, or be brought.]

A2: He made him (a horse) to run; syn. أَعْدَاهُ. (S.) حَضْرٌ The intruding uninvited at feasts. (IAar, K.) حُضْرٌ (Az, S, K) and [in poetry] ↓ حُضُرٌ (Ham p. 277) and ↓ حضَارٌ (Az, TA) A run, or running; syn. عَدْوٌ: (S:) or the rising of a horse in running; [app. meaning trotting;] syn. اِرْتِفَاعُ فَرَسٍ

فِى عَدْوِهِ: (K:) or vehement running. (Ham p. 277, in explanation of حُضُرٌ.) It is said in a trad., أَقْطَعَ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ حُضْرَ فَرَسِهِ بِأَرْضِ المَدِينَةِ [He assigned to Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr the extent of his horse's run in the land of El-Medeeneh]. (TA.) حَضَرٌ: see حَضْرَةٌ.

A2: Also, (S, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ حَاضِرَةٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ حَضْرَةٌ and ↓ حِضَارَةٌ and ↓ حَضَارَةٌ, (K,) [or the last two are app. only inf. ns. of حَضَرَ as contr. of بَدَا,] A region, district, or tract, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land; (S;) contr. of بَدْوٌ (S, A, Msb) and بَادِيَةٌ: (S, K:) pl. [of the second] حَوَاضِرُ. (A.) You say, هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الحَضَرِ (A) and ↓ الحَاضِرَةِ (S, A) and الحَوَاضِرِ (A) He is of the people of the region, or regions, &c., of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land; (S, A; *) contr. of مِنْ أَهْلِ البَادِيَةِ. (S.) b2: And the first signifies also Residence at home; contr. of سَفَرٌ. (M and K in art. سفر.) حَضُرٌ: see حَضِرٌ: b2: and حَاضِرٌ.

حَضِرٌ One who intrudes uninvited at feasts; a smell-feast; a spunger; (TA;) one who watches for the time of (يَتَحَيَّنُ) the feeding of others, in order that he may attend it; as also ↓ حَضُرٌ, (K,) and ↓ حُضُرٌ. (IAar, K, TA.) A2: A man unfit for journeying: (T, S:) or one who does not desire journeying: or i. q. حَضَرِىٌّ. (K.) حُضُرٌ: see حَضِرُ: A2: and حُضْرٌ.

حَضْرَةٌ, originally an inf. n., signifying Presence: and afterwards applied to signify (tropical:) a place of presence [as also the several forms occurring in the following phrases]. (MF.) You say, كَلَّمْتُهُ بحَِضْرَة فُلَانٍ, (S, A, * Msb,) and كَانَ ذٰلِكَ بَحَضْرَتِهِ, (K, * TA,) and ↓ حُضْرَتِهِ and ↓ حضْرَتَهَ (S, K) and ↓ حَضَرِهِ (Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَضَرِتَهَ (K) and ↓ مَحْضَرِهِ, (S, A, Msb, K,) all syn. expressions, (K,) meaning (tropical:) [I spoke to him, and that was or happened,] in the presence, i. e. the place of presence, of such a one. (S, A, Msb.) and ↓ فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الحِضْرَةِ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ الحُضْرَةِ (S, M) (tropical:) Such a one is a person whose presence is attended by good. (K.) And غَطِّ إِنَآءَكَ بِحَضْرَةِ الذُّبَابِ (tropical:) [Cover thy vessel in the presence of the flies, lest they taint it.] (A, TA. [Or perhaps this is a mistranscription, for يَحْضُرْهُ الذُّبَابُ, meaning, if thou do not, the flies will come to it, and taint it.]) b2: It is also applied as a title, by writers of letters and the like, to any great man with whom people are wont to be present; [and sometimes to God; and meaning (tropical:) The object of resort;] as in the phrase, الحَضْرَةُ العَالِيَةُ تَأْمُرُ بِكَذَا (tropical:) [The exalted object of resort commands such a thing]. (MF.) [It is similar to الجَنَابُ; but is generally considered as implying greater respect than the latter. It is often prefixed to the name of the person to whom it is applied, or to a pronoun: as حَضْرَةُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) The object of resort, such a one: and حَضْرَتُكَ (tropical:) The object of resort, thyself.] b3: Also (tropical:) The vicinity of a thing, (T, A,) and of a man. (S. [So accord. to two copies of the S; but الرَّجُلِ is there an evident mistranscription, for الرَّحْلِ, “of the house,” or “ abode: ”

see what follows.]) You say, كُنْتُ بِحَضْرَةِ الدَّارِ (tropical:) I was in the vicinity of, or near to, the house. (T, A.) And كُنَّا بِحَضْرَةِ مَآءٍ (tropical:) We were by a water. (TA from a trad.) And بِحَضْرَةِ المَآءِ (tropical:) In the vicinity of, or near to, the water. (A.) b4: Also The فِنَآء of a رَجُل. (S. [So accord. to two copies of the S; where it is said, حَضْرَةُ الرَّجُلِ قُرْبُهُ وَفِنَاؤُهُ: but the right reading is evidently الرَّحْلِ: so that the second of the two meanings thus explained is, The court, or yard, in front, or extending from the sides, of a house, or an abode.]) A2: And (tropical:) Apparatus for building, such as baked bricks, and gypsum-plaster: so in the saying, جَمَعَ الحَضْرَةَ يُرِيدُ بِنَآءَ دَارٍ (tropical:) [He collected the apparatus, such as the baked bricks, &c., desiring to build a house]. (A.) A3: See also حَضَرٌ.

حُضْرَةٌ: see حَضْرَةٌ, in five places.

حِضْرَةٌ: see حَضْرَةٌ, in five places.

حَضَرَةٌ: see حَضْرَةٌ, in five places.

حَضَرِىٌّ An inhabitant of a region, district, or tract, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land; (S, A, * Msb;) opposed to بَدَوِىٌّ. (S, A.) [See also حَضِرٌ.]

حَضَارِ [an imperative verbal n.] Be thou present. (A.) A2: Also A certain star, (S, K,) upon the right hoof of Centaurus: upon his other fore leg is الوَزْنُ. (Kzw.) It is said, حَضَارِ وَالوَزْنُ مُحْلِفَانِ [Hadári and El-Wezn are two causes of swearing]: they are two stars that rise before Canopus (Suheyl); and when either of them rises, it is thought to be Canopus, because of their resemblance to it: (AA, S: *) they are termed محلفان because of the disagreement of their beholders when they rise; one swearing that the one rising is Canopus, and another swearing that it is not. (AA, TA.) Th says that it is a dim, distant, star; and cites this verse: أَرَي نَارَ لَيْلَى بَالعَقِيقِ كَأَنَّهَا حَضَارِ إِذَا مَا أَعْرَضَتْ وَفُرُودُهَا I see the fire of Leylà, in El-'Akeek, dim in the distance, as though it were Hadári, when it appears, with its Furood, which are dim stars around Hadári. (TA.) A3: حَضَارٌ: see what next follows.

حِضَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَضَارٌ (K) White: (Sh, T:) or excellent and white: (S, K:) or red: (K:) but this requires consideration: (TA:) applied to camels, and to a single camel: (S, K:) or having no sing. (K.) And the former, A she-camel combining strength with excellence of pace: (El-Umawee, T, S, K:) but Sh says that he had not heard it used in this sense; and that it only signifies “ white,” as applied to camels. (TA.) A2: See also حُضْرٌ.

حَضِيرٌ (tropical:) One who always forms right opinions, or judgments, respecting things, or affairs. (A.) A2: See also حَضِيرَةٌ, in three places.

حَضَارَةٌ and حِضَارَةٌ: see حَضَرٌ.

حَضِيرَةٌ The collective body of a people: (Fr, K:) so in the following ex., (Fr,) from a poem of Selmà El-Juhaneeyeh, in which she bewails the death of her brother As'ad, and celebrates his praises: (S:) يَرِدُ المِيَاهَ حَضِيرَةً وَنَفِيضَةً

نفيضة signifying the same: (Fr:) [so that the meaning is, Coming to the waters in a collective and congregated body:] or the former signifies waters by which people are dwelling, or staying; and the latter, “by which there is not any one: ” (IAar, Sh:) or the former, people dwelling, or staying, by the waters; and the latter, men “ going before an army as scouts, or explorers: ” (As:) but what IAar says, mentioned above, is better: (Az:) or the former, a company of seven, or eight, men; and the latter, “ one; ” and also men “ who explore a place thoroughly: ” (A'Obeyd:) or the former, a company of four, or five, men, (S, K,) engaged in a warring and plundering expedition: (S:) or seven: (TA:) or eight: or nine: (K: in some copies of the K “ seven; ” but the former is the right reading: TA:) or ten: or a company of men not more than ten (نَفَرٌ) with whom one goes on a warring and plundering expedition: (K:) or, accord. to AAF and the M and K, the foremost, or preceding, portion of an army: and accord. to IB, نفيضة signifies “ a party sent to a place to discover whether there be there an enemy or any cause of fear: ” (TA:) pl. حَضَائِرُ. (S.) A2: A place where dates are dried: (ElBáhilee, ISk, Az, Mgh, Msb, K:) because frequented: pl. as above. (Mgh.) [See also حَصِيرَةٌ and حَظِيرَةٌ.]

A3: Also, (S,) or ↓ حَضِيرٌ, (K, TA,) What collects in a wound, (S, K,) of thick purulent matter. (S.) b2: And the former What collects in the membrane that encloses the fœtus, of the [fluid called] سُخْد, (S,) and the like. (TA.) You say, أَلْقَتِ الشَّاةُ حَضِيرَتَهَا The ewe, or she-goat, ejected her سُخْد and water and blood, after having brought forth. (S.) b3: And What a woman emits after childbirth and [after] the stopping of her blood: and ↓ حَضِيرٌ is its pl. [or a coll. gen. n.]. (K. [Or, accord. to some copies of the K, and the TA, The stopping of her blood, or its ceasing to flow, is a signification distinct from what precedes it.)] b4: And What a she-camel emits after bringing forth: or, accord. to AO, the membrane that envelops the fœtus. (TA.) b5: And (K, TA, [in the CK “ or ”]) ↓ the latter signifies Thick blood which collects in the membrane that encloses the fœtus. (K, * TA.) حَاضِرٌ A man present: (A, K:) pl. [حَاضِرُونَ and] حُضَّرٌ and [more commonly] حُضُورٌ, (S, K,) which last is originally an inf. n. (S.) Yousay, فَعَلْتُهُ وَفُلَانٌ حَاضِرٌ I did it such a one being present. (A.) And هَوَ مِنْ حَاضِرِى المَلِكِ [He is of those who are in the presence of the king]. (A.) b2: So, too, applied to a time: and you say, الصَّلَاةُ حَاضِرَةٌ, for وَقْتُهَا حَاضِرٌ, (tropical:) The time of prayer is come. (Msb.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) Ready, or prepared: often used in this sense in the lexicons &c., as in modern Arabic. See 4.] You say, قُولُوا مَا هُوَ حَاضِرٌ عِنْدَكُمْ (assumed tropical:) Say ye what is ready with you [or in your minds]. (TA.) And هُوَ حَاضِرٌ بِالجَوَابِ (tropical:) [He is ready with the answer, or reply]; and بِالنَّوَادِرِ (tropical:) [with rare words or expressions]; (A;) as also ↓ حَضُرٌ: (TA:) which latter word, alone, signifies a man having the quality of perspicuity of speech, and intelligence; syn. ذُو البَيَانِ وَالفِقْهِ. (K.) b4: A visiting angel: and ↓ حَاضِرَةٌ is applied to a class or company [of visiting angels]. (TA.) b5: One coming to a region, district, or tract, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land; contr. of بَادٍ; (S, K;) as also ↓ مُحْتَضِرٌ. (S.) b6: A man staying, residing, dwelling, or abiding, بَمَوْضِعٍ in a place. (S.) b7: [A man, or people,] staying, or dwelling, by water; (S, * TA;) contr. of بَادٍ: (K:) pl. حُضُورٌ (TA) and حُضَّارٌ and حَضَرَةٌ: (S:) one says, مَا عَلَى المَآءِ حَاضِرٌ [There is not any one staying, or dwelling, by the water]: and هٰؤُلَآءِ قَوْمٌ حُضَّارٌ and مَحَاضِرُ [which is pl. of ↓ مَحْضَرٌ, a syn. of خَاضِرٌ in this sense; i. e. These are a people staying, or dwelling, by water]: (S:) or حَاضِرٌ signifies any people that have alighted and taken up their abode by a constant source of water, and do not remove from it in winter nor in summer, whether they have alighted and taken up their abode in towns or villages, and cultivated land, and houses of clay, or pitched their tents by the water, and remained there, and sustained their beasts with the water and herbage around them: (TA:) or حَىٌّ حَاضِرٌ, without ة, signifies a tribe that has alighted and is abiding by a constant source of water: (T, TA:) and ↓ حَاضِرَةٌ and حَاضِرُونَ, a people staying, or dwelling, by waters; alighting there in the hottest time of summer: when the weather becomes cool, they migrate from the constant sources of water, and go into the desert, seeking the vicinity of herbage; and then they are termed بَادِيَةٌ and بَادُونَ. (T in art. بدو.) A2: Also A great tribe (S, K) or company of men: (TA:) or a tribe, (ISd,) or company of men, (Mgh,) when staying, or dwelling, in the abode which is their place of assembling; (ISd, Mgh;) as also ↓ حَاضِرَةٌ. (Mgh.) One says حَاضِرُ طَىِّءٍ The great tribe of Teiyi. (S.) It is a pl., (S,) or coll. n., (ISd,) [or quasipl. n.,] like سَامِرٌ and حَاجٌّ (S, ISd) for سُمَّارٌ and حُجَّاجٌ. (S.) A3: Also, of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (TA,) A place where people are present; or where people stay, or dwell, by waters: syn. مَكَانٌ مَحْضُورٌ: one says, نَزَلْنَا حَاضِرَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ [We alighted and took up our abode, or sojourned, at the place where the sons of such a one were present; or were staying, or dwelling, by waters]. (El-Khat- tábee.) [See also مَحْضَرٌ.]

حَاضِرَةٌ: see حَاضِرٌ, in three places: A2: and see حَضَرٌ, in two places.

مَحْضَرٌ A place where people are present, or assembled. (K, * TA.) See also حَضْرَةٌ. b2: A place to which people return (مَرْجِعٌ [here a n. of place, agreeably with analogy,]) to the waters, (S, K;) or to the constant sources of water; (T, TA;) contr. of مَبْدً ى: (T and S in art. بدو:) a place to which one goes (مَذْهَبٌ) in search of herbage is called مُنْتَجَعٌ; and every such place is called مَبْدً ى, of which the pl. is مَبَادٍ: watering-places (مَنَاهِل) are called مَحَاضِرُ [pl. of مَحْضَرٌ] because of the congregation and presence of men at them. (T, TA.) [See also حَاضِرٌ, last signification.]

A2: [People present, or assembled; an assembly: so in the present day.] b2: A people dwelling, or staying, by waters: (K, * TA:) [pl. مَحَاضِرُ:] see حَاضِرٌ.

A3: The record of a kadee (or judge), in which his sentence is written, syn. سِجِلٌّ: (S, K:) or what is written when a person brings a charge against another: when the latter makes his reply, and proves it, it [the writing] is [called]

تَوْفِيقٌ; and when judgment is given, سِجِلٌ. (Kull p. 352.) This is thought by MF to be a recent conventional term; but it has been heard from the Arabs [of the classical times], and is mentioned by ISd and others. (TA.) b2: Also A signature (خَطٌّ) that is written at the end of the record of the signatures (خُطُوط) of the witnesses, in testimony of the truth of the contents of what precedes. (K. [In the CK, وَاقَعَةٍ is erroneously put for وَاقِعَةِ; and خُطُوطُ, for خُطُوطِ.]) But this is a recent conventional application. (MF, TA.) A4: فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ المَحْضَرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is a person who speaks well of the absent. (S.) مِحْضَارٌ: see مِحْضِيرٌ.

مَحْضُورٌ [pass. part. n. of حَضَرَهُ]. [Hence,] اللَّبَنُ مَحْضُورٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ مُحْتَضَرٌ, (S, A,) فَغَطِّ

إِنَآءَكَ, (S,) (tropical:) Milk is much subject to taint, or much tainted; [lit.] come to [and tainted; i. e.,] by the jinn, or genii, (As, T, S, K,) and beasts, &c.; (As, T;) [therefore cover thou thy vessel.] And (in like manner [one says], K) الكُنُفُ مَحْضُورَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Privies are haunted by jinn, or genii]. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., ↓ إِنَّ هٰذِهِ الحُشُوشَ مُحْتَضَرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Verily these privies are haunted by jinn]. (TA.) And in another trad., إِنَّهَا مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ Verily it (the prayer of daybreak) is attended by the angels of the night and the day. (TA.) b2: Also, (Msb,) and ↓ مُحْتَضَرٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) (tropical:) At the point of death; in the agony of death: (Msb:) [visited by death; or by the angel, or angels, of death: (see 1:)] or the latter, near to death. (Mgh.) مِحْضِيرٌ, applied to a horse, (S, A, K, &c.,) and to a mare, (S, M,) That runs much, or vehemently; syn. كَثِيرُ العَدْوِ, (S,) or شَدِيدُ الحُضْرِ; (M;) as also ↓ مِحْضَارٌ, applied without ة to a mare; (M;) or this latter is not allowable; (S, K;) or is of weak authority: (K:) pl. [of both] مَحَاضِيرُ. (A.) مُحْتَضَرٌ: see مَحْضُورٌ, in three places. Also (assumed tropical:) A man afflicted by demoniacal possession, or insanity, or madness. (TA.) كُلُّ شِرْبٍ مُحْتَضَرٌ, in the Kur liv. 28, Every share of the water shall be come unto in turn, means, the water shall be come to by the people on their day, and by the she-camel on her day: (Jel:) or it means, the people shall come to their shares of the water, and the she-camel shall come to her share thereof. (K.) مُحْتَضِرٌ: see حَاضِرٌ.

حور

1 حَارَ, aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَوْرٌ and حُؤُورٌ (S, K) and حُورٌ, a contraction of the form next preceding, used in poetry, in case of necessity, (TA,) and مَحَارٌ (S, K) and مَحَارَةٌ (K) and حَوْرَةٌ, (TA,) He, or it, returned, (S, L, K,) إِلَى شَىْءٍ

to a thing, and عَنْهُ from it. (L.) b2: [Hence,] حار عَلَيْهِ It (a false imputation) returned to him [who was its author; or recoiled upon him]. (TA, from a trad.) b3: And حَارَتِ الغُصَّةُ The thing sticking in the throat, and choking, descended; as though it returned from its place. (TA.) b4: [And حار, inf. n. حَوْرٌ and حُورٌ, He returned from a good state to a bad.] You say, حار بَعْدَ مَا كَانَ (TA on the authority of 'Ásim, and so in a copy of the S,) He returned from a good state after he had been in that state: (A 'Obeyd, S, * TA:) so says 'Asim: (TA:) or حار بعد ما كَارَ (TA, and so in copies of the S,) He became in a state of defectiveness after he had been in a state of redundance: (TA:) or it is from حار, inf. n. حَوْرٌ, He untwisted his turban: (Zj, TA:) and means (assumed tropical:) He became in a bad state of affairs after he had been in a good state. (TA. [See حَوْرٌ, below.]) b5: حَارَ وَبَارَ He became in a defective and bad state. (TA. [Here بار is an imitative sequent; (see حَائِرٌ;) as is also يَبُورُ in a phrase mentioned below.]) b6: حار, aor. as above, (Msb,) inf n.

حَوْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and حُورٌ (S, A, K) and مَحَارَةٌ (S) and مَحَارٌ, (M and TA in art. اول,) It decreased, or became defective or deficient. (S, * A, * Msb, K. * [See also حَوْرٌ, below.]) b7: Also, inf. n. حَوْرٌ (TA) and حُورٌ, (S, K,) He perished, or died. (S, * K, * TA.) b8: Also, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَوْرٌ, He, or it, became changed from one state, or condition, into another: and it became converted into another thing. (TA.) b9: مَا يَحُورُ فُلَانٌ وَلَا يَبُورُ Such a one does not increase nor become augmented [in his substance] (Ibn-Háni, K *) is said when a person's being afflicted with smallness of increase is confirmed. (Ibn-Háni, TA.) A2: حار, (TK,) inf. n. حَوْرٌ, (K,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. تَحَيَّرَ. (K, * TK.) [See also art. حير.]

A3: See also 2.

A4: حَوِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَوَرٌ; (K;) and حَوِرَتْ, aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and ↓ احوّر, (K,) inf. n. اِحْوِرَارٌ; (TA;) and احوّرت; (S, K; *) He, (a man, K, TA,) and it, (an eye, S, Msb, K, * TA,) was, or became, characterized by the quality termed حَوَرٌ as explained below. (S, Msb, K, TA.) 2 حوّرهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيرٌ, He made him, or it, to return. (Zj, K.) b2: He (God) denied him, or prohibited him from attaining, what he desired, or sought; disappointed him; frustrated his endeavour, or hope; (K, TA;) and caused him to return to a state of defectiveness. (TA.) A2: حوّر, inf. n. as above, He whitened clothes, or garments, (S, Msb,) and wheat, or food: (S:) and ↓ حار, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَوْرٌ, (TA,) he washed and whitened a garment, or piece of cloth; (K;) but حوّر is better known in this sense. (TA.) b2: حوّر عَيْنَ البَعِيرِ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He burned a mark round the eye of the camel with a circular cauterizing-instrument, (S, K, *) on account of a disorder: because the place becomes white. (TA.) A3: [He prepared skins such as are called حَوَرٌ: a meaning indicated, but not expressed, in the TA. b2: And app. He lined a boot with such skin: see مُحَوَّرٌ.]

A4: Also, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He prepared a lump of dough, and made it round, (S, K,) with a مِحْوَر, (TA,) to put it into the hole containing hot ashes in which it was to be baked: (S, K:) he made it round with a مِحْوَر. (A.) 3 حاورهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and حاورهُ الكَلَامَ, (TA in art. رجع, &c.,) inf. n. مُحَاوَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and حِوَارٌ, (A, Mgh,) He returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, with him; or bandied words with him; syn. جَاوَبَهُ, (S, and Jel in xviii. 35,) and رَاجَعَهُ الكَلَامَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) or رَاجَعَهُ فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in xviii. 32,) or, of the inf. n., مُرَاجَعَةُ النُّطْقِ. (K.) And حاورهُ He vied, or competed, with him, or contended with him for superiority, in glorying, or boasting, or the like; syn. فَاخَرَهُ. (Jel. in xviii. 32.) 4 احار [He returned a thing]. You say, طَحَنَتْ فَمَا أَحَارَتْ شَيْئًا She ground, and did not return (مَا رَدَّتْ) anything of the flour [app. for the loan of the hand-mill: see حُورٌ, below]. (S, K.) b2: احار الغُصَّةَ He swallowed the thing sticking in his throat and choking him; [as though he returned it from its place: see 1: see also 4 in art. حير: and see an ex. voce إِحَارَةٌ.] (TA.) And فُلَانٌ سَرِيعُ الإِحَارَةِ Such a one is quick in swallowing: [said to be] from what next follows. (Meyd, TA.) b3: احار, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِحَارَةٌ, (TA,) He returned an answer, or a reply. (Msb, TA.) You say, كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا أَحَارَ إِلَىَّ جَوَابًا I spoke to him, and he did not return to me an answer, or a reply. (S, A, * Msb, * K, *) And in like manner, مَا أَحَارَ بِكَلِمَةِ [He did not return a word in answer, or in reply]. (TA.) A2: احارت She (a camel) had a young one such as is called حُوَار. (K.) 6 تحاوروا, (Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. تَحَاوُرٌ, (S, K,) They returned one another answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, one with another; or bandied words, one with another; syn. تَجَاوَبُوا, (S, K,) and تَرَاجَعُوا, (Jel in lviii. & ا,) or تَرَاجَعُوا الكَلَامَ, (Msb, K,) or تَرَاجَعُوا فِى الكَلَامِ. (Bd in lviii. 1.) [And They vied, or competed, or contended for superiority, one with another, in glorying, or boasting, or the like: see 3.]9 احوّر, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. اِحْوِرَارٌ, (K,) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the body, TA, and the part around the eye, A, and bread, S, or some other thing, TA) was, or became, white. (S, A, Msb, K.) b2: See also 1, last sentence.10 استحارهُ He desired him to speak [or to return an answer or a reply; he interrogated him]. (S, K.) And استحار الدَّارَ He desired the house to speak [to him; he interrogated the house; as a lover does in addressing the house in which the object of his love has dwelt]. (IAar.) حَوْرٌ inf. n. of حَارَ. (S, A, Msb, K.) [Hence,] نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْنِ, (TA on the authority of 'Ásim, and so in a copy of the S,) a trad., (TA,) meaning We have recourse to God for preservation from decrease, or defectiveness, after increase, or redundance: (S:) or مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْرِ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) meaning as above: (S, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) from a bad state of affairs after a good state; from حَوْرٌ signifying the “ untwisting ” a turban: (TA:) or from returning and departing from the community [of the faithful] after having been therein; [from حَارَ “ he untwisted ” his turban, and] from كَارَ “ he twisted ” his turban upon his head. (Zj, TA. [See also كَوْرٌ.]) ↓ فِى مَحَارَةٍ ↓ حُورٌ, (S, K,) and حَوْرٌ, (K,) Deficiency upon deficiency, (S, K,) and return upon return, (TA,) is a prov., applied to him whose good fortune is retiring; (S, K;) or to him who is not in a good state; or to him who has been in a good state and has become in a bad state: (K:) or the saying is, ↓ فُلَانٌ حَوْرٌ فِى مَحَارَةٍ [Such a one is suffering deficiency upon deficiency: حَوْرٌ being used in the sense of حَائِرٌ, like بَوْرٌ in the sense of بَائِرٌ]: so heard by IAar; and said by him to be applied in the case of a thing not in a good state; or to him who has been in a good state and has become in a bad state. (TA.) One says also, البَاطِلُ فِى

حَوْرٍ What is false, or vain, is waning and retreating. (TA.) And وَبُورٍ ↓ إِنَّهُ فِى حُورٍ, (K,) or حُورٍ بُورٍ, (K in art. حير,) Verily he is engaged in that which is not a skilful nor a good work or performance: (فِى غَيْرِ صَنْعَةٍ وَلَا إِجَادَةٍ: so in the L: in the K, for احادة is put إِتَاوَةٍ [which is evidently a mistake]: TA:) or he is in a bad state, and a state of perdition: (TA in art. حير:) or in error. (K. [See also بُورٌ: and see بَائِرٌ, in art. بور; where it is implied that بور is here an imitative sequent of حور.]) And ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فِى

وَالبَوَارُ ↓ الحَوَارِ Such a one went away in a defective and bad state. (L, TA.) b2: See also حَوِيرٌ.

A2: What is beneath the [part called] كَوْرٌ of a turban. (K.) A3: The bottom of a well or the like. (K.) b2: Hence, (TA,) هُوَ بَعِيدُ الحَوْرِ (assumed tropical:) He is intelligent; (K;) deep in penetration. (TA.) حُورٌ: see حَوْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [app. A return of flour for the loan of a hand-mill; like عُقْبَةٌ (a subst. from أَعْقَبَ) signifying some broth which is returned with a borrowed cooking-pot:] a subst. from احارت in the phrase طَحَنَتْ فَمَا

أَحَارَتْ شَيْئًا [q. v. suprà]. (S, K.) حَوَرٌ Intense whiteness of the white of the eye and intense blackness of the black thereof, (S, Msb, K,) with intense whiteness, or fairness, of the rest of the person: (K:) or intense whiteness of the white of the eye and intense blackness of the black thereof, with roundness of the black, and thinness of the eyelids, and whiteness, or fairness, of the parts around them: (K:) or blackness of the whole [of what appears] of the eye, as in the eyes of gazelles (AA, S, Msb, K) and of bulls and cows: (AA, S:) and this is not found in human beings, but is attributed to them by way of comparison: (AA, S, Msb, K:) As says, I know not what is الحَوَرُ in the eye. (S.) b2: Also [simply] Whiteness. (A.) A2: Red skins, with which [baskets of the kind called] سِلَال are covered: (S, K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة: (S:) pl. حُورَانٌ: (K, TA: in the CK حَوَرانٌ:) or (so in the TA, but in the K “ and ”) a hide dyed red: (K, TA:) or red skins, not [such as are termed] قَرَظِيَّة: pl. أَحْوَارٌ: (AHn:) or skins tanned without قَرَظ: or thin white skins, of which [receptacles of the kind called] أَسْفَاط are made: or prepared sheep-skins. (TA.) [In the present day, pronounced حَوْر, applied to Sheep-skin leather.]

A3: A certain kind of tree: the people of Syria apply the name of حَوْرٌ to the plane-tree (دُلْب); but it is حَوَرٌ, with two fet-hahs: in the account of simples in the Kánoon [of Ibn-Seenà], it is said to be a certain tree of which the gum is called كهرباء: (Mgh:) [by the modern Egyptians (pronounced حَوْر) applied to the white poplar:] a certain kind of wood, called البَيْضَآءُ, (K,) because of its whiteness. (TA.) A4: الحَوَرُ The third star, [e,] that next the body, of the three in the tail of Ursa Major. (Mir-át ez-Zemán, &c. [In the K it is incorrectly said to be the third star of بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ الصُّغْرَى. See القَائِدُ, in art. قود.]) حَارَةٌ [A quarter of a city or town; generally consisting of several narrow streets, or lanes, of houses, and having but one general entrance, with a gate, which is closed at night; or, which is the case in some instances, having a by-street passing through it, with a gate at each end:] a place of abode of a people, whereof the houses are contiguous: (Msb:) any place of abode of a people whereof the houses are near [together]: (K in art. حير:) a spacious encompassed tract or place; syn. مُسْتَدَارٌ مِنْ فَضَآءٍ: (A:) pl. حَارَاتٌ. (A, Msb.) حِيرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

حَوْرَآءُ fem. of أَحْوَرُ [q. v.]. b2: Also A round, or circular, burn, made with a hot iron; (K;) [around the eye of a camel; (see 2;)] so called because its place becomes white. (TA.) حَوَرْوَرَةٌ: see حَوَارِيَّةٌ, under حَوَارِىٌّ.

حَوَارٌ: see حَوِيرٌ: A2: and see حَوْرٌ.

حُوَارٌ, (S, K, &c.,) and sometimes with kesr [↓ حِوَارٌ], (K,) but this latter is a bad form, (Yaakoob,) A young camel when just born: (T, K:) or until weaned; (S, K;) i. e. from the time of its birth until big and weaned; (TA;) when it is called فَصِيلٌ: (S:) fem. with ة: (IAar:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَحْوِرَةٌ and (of mult., S) حِيرَانٌ and حُورَانٌ. (S, K.) [Its flesh is insipid: see a verse cited as an ex. of the word مَسِيخٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] عَقْرَبُ الحِيرَانِ The scorpion of winter; because it injures the حُوَار, (K, TA,) i. e. the young camel. (TA.) حِوَارٌ: see حَوِيرٌ: A2: and see also حُوَارٌ.

حَوِيرٌ (S, K,) and ↓ حَوِيرَةٌ, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ حُوَيْرَةٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) and ↓ حَوَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِوَارٌ (K) and ↓ مَحُورَةٌ (S, K, TA, in the CK مَحْوُرَةٌ) and ↓ مَحْوَرَةٌ and ↓ مُحَاوَرَةٌ [originally an inf. n. of 3] and ↓ حِيرَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَوْرٌ, (TA,) An answer; a reply. (S, K.) You say, مَا رَجَعَ إِلَىَّ حَوِيرًا, &c., He did not return to me an answer, or a reply. (S.) [See a verse of Tarafeh cited voce مُجْمِدٌ.]

حَوِيرَةٌ, or حُوَيْرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حَوَارِىٌّ One who whitens clothes, or garments, by washing and beating them. (S, M, Msb, K.) Hence its pl. حَوَارِيُّونَ is applied to The companions [i. e. apostles and disciples] of Jesus, because their trade was to do this. (S, M, Msb.) [Or it is so applied from its bearing some one or another of the following significations.] b2: One who is freed and cleared from every vice, fault, or defect: [or] one who has been tried, or proved, time after time, and found to be free from vices, faults, or defects; from حَارَ “ he returned. ” (Zj, TA.) b3: A thing that is pure, or unsullied: anything of a pure, or an unsullied, colour: and hence, b4: One who advises, or counsels, or acts, sincerely, honestly, or faithfully: (Sh:) or a friend; or true, or sincere, friend: (TA:) or an assistant: (S, Msb, K:) or a strenuous assistant: (TA:) or an assistant of prophets: (K:) or a particular and select friend and assistant of a prophet: and hence the pl. is applied to the companions of Mohammad also. (Zj.) b5: A relation. (K.) b6: And حَوَارِيَّةٌ A white, or fair, woman; (A;) as also ↓ حَوَرْوَرَةٌ; (T, K;) and so ↓ حَوْرَآءُ, without implying حَوَرٌ of the eye: (TA:) pl. of the first حَوَارِيَّاتٌ: (A:) or this pl. signifies women of the cities or towns; (K;) so called by the Arabs of the desert because of their whiteness, or fairness, and cleanness: (TA:) or women clear in complexion and skin; because of their whiteness, or fairness: (TA:) or women inhabitants of regions, districts, or tracts, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land: (Ksh and Bd in iii. 45:) or [simply] women; because of their whiteness, or fairness. (S.) حُوَّارَى White, applied to flour: (A, * K:) such is the best and purest of flour: (K, TA:) and in like manner applied to bread: (A:) or whitened, applied to flour; (S;) and, in this latter sense, to any food. (S, K.) [See also سَمِيدٌ: and see مُحَوَّرٌ.]

رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ بَائِرٌ A man in a defective and bad state: (S, TA:) or perishing, or dying. (S.) [See the same phrase in art. حير: see also حَوْرٌ: and see بَائِرٌ, in art. بور; where it is said that بائر is here an imitative sequent of حائر.]

A2: See also مَحَارَةٌ.

أَحْوَرُ, (K,) applied to a man, (TA,) Having eyes characterized by the quality termed حَوَرٌ as explained above: (K:) and so حَوْرَآءُ, [the fem.,] applied to a woman: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. حُورٌ. (S, K.) And حُورُ العِينِ, applied to women, Having eyes like those of gazelles and of cows. (AA, S.) Az says that a woman is not termed حَوْرَآء unless Combining حَوَر of the eyes with whiteness, or fairness, of complexion. (TA.) See also حَوَارِيَّةٌ, under حَوَارِىٌّ. b2: طَرْفٌ أَحْوَرُ An eye of pure white and black. (A.) b3: الأَحْوَرُ A certain star: (S, K:) or (K) Jupiter. (S, K.) A2: Also (tropical:) Intellect: (ISk, S, K:) or pure, or clear, intellect; like an eye so termed, of pure white and black. (A.) So in the saying, مَا يَعِيشُ بُأَحْوَرَ (tropical:) [He does not live by intellect: or by pure, or clear, intellect]. (ISk, S, A.) أَحْوَرِىٌّ A man (TA) white, or fair, (S, K,) of the people of the towns or villages. (TA.) [See also حَوَارِىٌّ; of which the fem. is applied in like manner to a woman.]

مَحَارٌ: see مَحَارَةٌ, in two places.

مِحْوَرٌ The pin of wood, or, as is sometimes the case, of iron, on which the sheave of a pulley turns; (S;) the iron [pin] that unites the bent piece of iron which is on each side of the sheave of a pulley, and in which it [the محور] is inserted, and the sheave itself: and a piece of wood which unites (تَجْمَعُ) the sheave of a large pulley [app. with what is on each side of the latter; for it seems to mean here, also, the pivot]: (K:) some say that it is so called because it turns round, returning to the point from which it departed: others, that it is so called because, by its revolving, it is polished so that it becomes white: (Zj:) pl. مَحَاوِرُ. (A.) One says, قَلِقَتْ مَحَاوِرُهُ, meaning (tropical:) His circumstances, (A,) or affair, or case, (K,) became unsettled: (A, K:) from the state of the pin of the sheave of a pulley when it becomes smooth, and the hole becomes large, so that it wabbles. (A.) b2: Also A thing (K) of iron (TA) upon which turns the tongue of a buckle at the end of a waist-belt. (K.) b3: and An iron instrument for cauterizing [app. of a circular form: see 2]. (K.) b4: And The wooden implement (S, K) of the baker, or maker of bread, (S,) with which he expands the dough, (K,) and prepares it, and makes it round, to put it into the hot ashes in which it is baked: (TA:) so called because of its turning round upon the dough, as being likened to the محور of the sheave of a pulley, and because of its roundness. (T.) مَحَارَةٌ: see حَوْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A place that returns [like a circle]: or in which a return is made [to the point of commencement]. (K.) b2: A mother-of-pearl shell; an oyster-shell: (S, IAth, Msb, K:) or the like thereof, of bone: (S, K:) pl. مَحَاوِرُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَارٌ. (L.) b3: And hence, A thing in which water is collected; as also ↓ حَائِرٌ. (IAth.) b4: [Hence also,] An oyster [itself]; expl. by دَابَّةٌ فِى الصَّدَفَيْنِ. (L in art. محر.) b5: The cavity of the ear; (K;) i. e. the external, deep, and wide, cavity, around the ear-hole; or the صَدَفَة [or concha] of the ear. (TA.) b6: The part of the shoulder-blade called its مَرْجِع [q. v.]: (S, K:) or the small round hollow that is in that part of the shoulder-blade in which the head of the humerus turns. (TA.) b7: The small round cavity of the hip: and the dual signifies the two round heads [?] of the hips, in which the heads of the thighs turn. (TA.) b8: The palate; syn. حَنَكٌ: and without ة, i. e. ↓ مَحَارٌ, the same, of a man: and, this latter, the place, in a beast, where the farrier performs the operation termed تَحْنِيكٌ: (TA:) or the former signifies the upper part of the mouth of a horse, internally: (IAar, TA:) or the inner part of the palate: (Abu-l-' Omeythil, TA:) or, [which seems to be the same,] the portion of the upper part of the mouth which is behind the فِرَاشَة [or فِرَاش]: and the passage of the breath to the innermost parts of the nose: (TA:) or مَحَارَةُ الحَنَكِ signifies the part [of the palate] which is a little above the place where the farrier performs the operation termed تحنيك. (S.) b9: The part between the frog and the extremity of the fore part of a solid hoof. (Abu-l-' Omeythil, K.) What is beneath the إِطَار [q. v., app. here meaning the اطار of the hoof of a horse or the like]. (TA.) And The مَنْسِم [i. e. toe, or nail, &c.,] of a camel. (TA.) A3: A thing resembling [the kind of vehicle called] a هَوْدَج; (K;) pronounced by the vulgar [مَحَارَّة,] with teshdeed: pl. مَحَارْاتٌ (TA) [and مَحَائِرُ, which is often applied in the present day to the dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, which are borne, one on either side, by a camel, and, with a small tent over them, compose a هودج]: the [ornamented هودج called the]

مَحْمِل [vulgarly pronounced مَحْمَل] of the pilgrims [which is borne by a camel, but without a rider, and is regarded as the royal banner of the caravan; such as is described and figured in my work on the Modern Egyptians]. (Msb.) A4: I. q. خَطٌّ [A line, &c.]. (K.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [A side, region, quarter, tract, &c.]. (K.) مَحُورَةٌ and مَحْوَرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

مُحْوَرُّ القِدْرِ The whiteness of the froth, or of the scum, of the cooking-pot. (S.) b2: جَفْنَةٌ مُحْوَرَّةٌ, [in the copies of the K, erroneously, مُحَوَّرَةٌ,] A bowl whitened by [containing] camel's hump, (S, L, K,) or its fat. (A.) مُحَوَّرٌ Dough of which the surface has been moistened with water, so that it is shining. (TA.) [See also 2.] b2: أَعْيُنٌ مُحَوَّرَاتٌ, in a verse of El-'Ajjáj, Eyes of a clear white [in the white parts] and intensely black in the black parts. (S.) A2: A boot lined with skin of the kind called حَوَرٌ. (K.) مُحَوِّرٌ A possessor of [flour, or bread, such as is termed] حُوَّارَى. (TA.) مُحَاوَرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

حمل

1 حَمَلَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْلٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c., in some copies of the S حِمْلٌ) and حُمْلَانٌ, (Mgh, K,) He bore it, carried it, took it up and carried it, conveyed it, or carried it off or away, (MA,) عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ (S, MA,) upon his back, or عَلَى رَأْسِهِ upon his head; (MA;) and ↓ احتملهُ signifies the same: (Msb, K:) or the latter is used in relation to an object inconsiderable and small in comparison with that in relation to which the former is used; as in the saying of En-Nábighah, (TA,) إِنَّا اقْتَسَمْنَا خُطَّتَيْنَا بَيْنَنَا فَجَارِ ↓ فَحَمَلْتَ بَرَّةَ وَاحْتَمَلْتُ [Verily we have divided our two qualities between us, and thou hast borne as thy share goodness, and I have borne as my share wickedness]. (TA * in the present art., and S and TA &c. in arts. بر and فجر.) Hence, in the Kur [xx. 100], فَإِنَّهُ يَحْمِلُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ وِزْرًا [He shall bear, on the day of resurrection, a heavy burden]. (TA.) Hence also, in the Kur [vii. 189], حَمَلَتْ حَمْلًا خَفِيفًا [She bore a light burden]; (S, TA;) i. e., [as some say,] the seminal fluid. (TA.) Hence also, in the Kur [xxix. 60], وَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ لَا تَحْمِلُ رِزْقَهَا [And how many a beast is there that does not bear its sustenance !], meaning, (assumed tropical:) does not provide its sustenance, but is sustained by God. (TA.) يَحْمِلُ الحَطَبَ [lit. He carries firewood], (A in art. حطب,) or الحَطَبَ الرَّطْبَ [juicy, or fresh, firewood], (Er-Rághib, TA,) means (tropical:) he goes about with calumny, or slander. (A in art. حطب, and Er-Rághib * and TA. *) b2: حَمَلَهُ عَلَى الدَّابَّة, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) [He carried him, or mounted him, (namely, a man, Msb) upon the beast; as also ↓ احتملهُ.] And حَمَلَهُ [alone] He gave him a beast upon which to ride. (T, TA. [See Kur ix. 93.]) أَحْمَلَهُ is not used in this sense. (T, TA.) b3: See also 4. b4: حَمَلَتِ المَرْأَةُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The woman became pregnant, or conceived: (K, TA:) and حَمَلَتْ وَلَدَهَا She became pregnant with, or conceived, her child: (Msb:) one should not say, حَمَلَتْ بِهِ; or this is rare; (K;) or one should not say this, but it is frequently said; (IJ, TA;) [for] as حَمَلَتْ is syn. with عَلِقَتْ, (Msb, TA,) and the latter is trans. by means of بِ the former is thus made trans., (TA,) therefore one says, حَمَلَتْ بِهِ فِى لَيْلَةِ كَذَا وَفِى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا, meaning She became pregnant with him, or conceived him, in such a night, and in such a place. (Msb.) حَمَلَتْ is also said of a ewe or she-goat, and of a female beast of prey, [and app. of any female,] accord. to IAar; meaning (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, in the first stage of pregnancy. (TA.) b5: حَمَلَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ, inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (assumed tropical:) The tree [bore, or] produced, or put forth, its fruit. (Msb.) b6: حَمَلَ بِدَيْنٍ, and بِدِيَةٍ, inf. n. حَمَالَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) [He bore, or took upon himself, the responsibility, or he was, or became, responsible, for a debt, and a bloodwit:] (Msb:) [for] حَمَلَ بِهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمَالَةٌ, signifies كَفَلَ. (S, * K.) And حَمَلَ الحَمَالَةَ and ↓ تحمّلها (assumed tropical:) [He was, or became, responsible for the bloodwit, or debt or the like]: both signify the same: (S, TA:) and بِهِ ↓ تحمّل (assumed tropical:) He took it upon himself, or became responsible, or answerable, for it: (Msb in art. كفل:) and مُعْظَمَهُ ↓ تحمّل (assumed tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself, or undertook, the main part of it: (Jel in xxiv. 11:) and الأَمْرَ ↓ احتمل (assumed tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself, or undertook, the thing, or affair; he bore, or took upon himself, the burden thereof. (L in art. قلد.) Yousay, حَمَلَ قَوْمٌ عَنْ قَوْمٍ دِيَةً, (K, TA,) or غَرَامَةً, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) [A party bore, or took upon itself, for a party, the responsibility for a bloodwit, or a debt or the like;] as also ↓ تحمّل. (S.) [And حَمَلَ عَنْ فُلَانٍ لِفُلَانٍ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He bore, or took upon himself, for such a one, the responsibility, to such a one, for such a thing.] And حَمَالَةً بَيْنَ ↓ تحمّل قَوْمٍ (assumed tropical:) He bore, or took upon himself, the responsibility for the bloodwits between people, in order to make peace between them, when war had occurred between them, and men's blood had been shed. (TA, from a trad.) b7: حَمَلَ ظُلْمًا (assumed tropical:) [He made himself chargeable with wrongdoing]. (Kur xx. 110.) b8: [حَمَلَ الأَمَانَةَ: see أَمَانَةٌ: accord. to some, it means (assumed tropical:) He took upon himself, or accepted, the trust: accord. to others, he was unfaithful to it: and ↓ اِحْتَمَلَهَا means the same.]

b9: حَمَلْتُ إِدْلَالَهُ: see 8. b10: حَمَلَ عَنْهُ: see 8. b11: حَمَلَ فُلَانٌ الحِقْدَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one [bore or] concealed in his mind rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against such a one. (TA.) and فُلَانٌ لَا يَحْمِلُ, i. e. يُظْهِرُ غَضَبَهُ [which may be meant as the explanation of لا يحمل, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Such a one shows (or will not conceal) his anger; and thus SM understood it; or as the explanation of يحمل alone, i. e. such a one will not show his anger]: (Az, TA:) [for] حَمَلَ الغَضَبَ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْلٌ, (TA,) means (tropical:) he showed, or manifested, anger. (K, TA.) And hence, it is said, is the saying, in a trad., إِذَا بَلَغَ المَآءُ قُلَّتَيْنِ لَمْ يَحْمِلْ خَبَثًا, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [When the water amounts to the quantity of two vessels of the kind called قُلَّة,] impurity does not appear in it: (O, K, * TA:) or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) it does not admit the bearing of impurity: for one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يَحْمِلُ الضَّيْمَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) such a one refuses to bear, or submit to, and repels from himself, injury. (Msb.) Yousay also, حَمَلَ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ أَنَفًا (assumed tropical:) He conceived, in consequence of that, disdain, or scorn, arising from indignation and anger. (TA in art. انف, from a trad.) b12: حَمَلَ الحَدِيثَ (assumed tropical:) [He bore in his memory, knowing by heart, the tradition, or narrative, or story; and in like manner, القُرْآنَ the Kur-án]. (Msb in art. روى.) b13: حَمَلَ فُلَانًا, and بِهِ ↓ تحمّل and عَلَيْهِ, (assumed tropical:) He relied upon such a one in intercession, and in a case of need. (TA.) b14: حُمِلَ عَلَى النَّاقَةِ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was covered by a stallion. (M in art. صمد.) b15: حَمَلَ عَليْهِ [as syn. with حَمَّلَهُ]: see 2, in three places. b16: حَمَلَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِهَا فِى السَّيْرِ (assumed tropical:) [He tasked his beast beyond its power in journeying, or marching, or in respect of pace]. (S in art. جهد.) and حَمَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فِى السَّيْرِ (assumed tropical:) He jaded, or fatigued, himself, or tasked himself beyond his power, in journeying, or marching. (S, TA.) [See also 6.]

b17: حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِى الحَرْبِ, inf. n. حَمْلَةٌ [which is properly an inf. n. of un.], (T, S,) (assumed tropical:) He charged, or made an assault or attack, upon him in war, or battle. (TA.) b18: حَمَلْتُ عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) I made mischief, or I excited disorder, disagreement, dissension, or strife, between, or among, the sons of such a one. (Az, S.) b19: حَمَلَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, aor. ـِ (assumed tropical:) He incited, excited, urged, instigated, induced, or made, him to do the thing, or affair. (ISd, K.) b20: [حَمَلَ لَفْظًا عَلَى لَفْظٍ آخَرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمْلٌ, a phrase often used in lexicology and grammar, (assumed tropical:) He made, or held, a word, or an expression, to accord in form, or in meaning, or syntactically, with another word, or expression. One says, يُحْمَلُ عَلَى الأَكْثَرِ (assumed tropical:) It (a word) is made to accord in form with those words with which it may be compared that constitute the greater number: thus one says of رَحْمَانُ, which is made to accord in form with words of the measure فَعْلَانُ, though it has not a fem. of the measure فَعْلَى, in preference to فَعْلَانٌ, because words of the measure فَعْلَانُ are more numerous than those of the measure فَعْلَانٌ. And يُحْمَلُ عَلَى نَقِيضِهِ (assumed tropical:) It (a word) is made to accord in form with its contrary in meaning: thus عِجَافٌ, an anomalous pl. of أَعْحَفُ, is made to accord. in form with سِمَانٌ, a regular pl. of سَمِينٌ. and يَحمَلُ عَلَى المَعْنَى (assumed tropical:) It (a word) is made to accord syntactically with its meaning: and يُحْمَلُ عَلَى اللَّفْظِ (assumed tropical:) It is made to accord syntactically with its grammatical character: the former is said when, in a sentence, we make a mase. word fem., and the contrary, because the meaning allows us to substitute a fem. syn. for the masc. word, and a masc. syn. for the fem. word: for ex., it is said in the Kur vi. 78, فَلَمَّا رَأَى الشَّمْسَ بَازِغَةً قَالَ هٰذَا رَبِّى “ And when he saw the sun rising, he said, This is my Lord: ” here (by saying بازغة) الشمس is first made to accord syntactically with its grammatical character (تُحْمَلُ عَلَى اللَّفْظِ); and then (by saying هٰذَا instead of هٰذِهِ) it is made to accord syntactically with its meaning (تُحْمَلُ عَلَى المَعْنَى), which is الجِرْم or the like: this is allowable; but the reverse in respect of order is of weak authority; because the meaning is of more importance than the grammatical character of the word. (Collected from the Kull pp. 156 and 157, and other works.)] b21: حَمَلَهُ أَحْسَنَ مَحْيَلٍ (assumed tropical:) [He put the best construction upon it; namely, a saying: محمل being here an inf. n.]. (TA in art. ابو) b22: [حَمَلَهُ عَلَى النَّاسِخِ (assumed tropical:) He attributed it to, or charged it upon, the copyist; namely, a mistake. حُمِلَ علَى النَّاسِخِ, said of a mistake, occurs in the K in art. ربخ b23: عَلَى آخَرَ حَمَلَ شَيْئًا, in logic, means (assumed tropical:) He predicated a thing of another thing.] b24: See also حُمْلَانٌ.2 حمّلهُ الشَّىْءَ, (Msb,) and الرِّسَالَةَ, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَحْمِيلٌ, (TA,) He made him, or constrained him, to bear or carry [the thing, and the message; and in like manner, عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ ↓ حَمَلَ]. (S, Msb, * TA.) [And حمّلهُ, alone, He loaded him; namely, a camel, &c.] You say also, حَمَّلَهُ الأَمْرَ ↓ فَتَحَمَّلَهُ, inf. n. of the former تَحْمِيلٌ and حِمَّالٌ, like كِذَّابٌ, [which is of the dial. of El-Yemen], and of the latter verb تَحَمُّلٌ and تِحِمَّالٌ [like تِكِلَّامٌ &c.], (K,) (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon him the affair, as a task, or in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience, and he undertook it, as a task, &c. (Msb in art. كلف.) And ↓ حَمَّلْتُهُ أَمْرِى فَمَا تَحَمَّلَ (assumed tropical:) [I imposed upon him my affair, as a task, &c., but he did not undertake it]. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxiv. 53], فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ مَا حُمِّلَ وَعَلَيْكُمْ مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Upon him rests only that which he has had imposed upon him; and upon you, that which ye have had imposed upon you]: i. e., upon the Prophet rests the declaring of that which has been revealed to him; and upon you, the following him as a guide. (TA.) And رَبَّنَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ ↓ عَلَيْنَا إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ ↓ تَحْمِلٌ قَبْلِنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [O our Lord, and do not Thou impose upon us a burden, like as Thou imposedst it upon those before us: O our Lord, and do not Thou impose upon us that which we have not power to bear]: (Kur ii. last verse:) or, accord. to one reading, تُحَيِّلْ, which has an intensive signification [when followed by على]. (Bd.) b2: [حمّلهُ ذَنْبًا (assumed tropical:) He charged him with a crime, or an offence: see a verse of En-Nábighah cited voce عَرٌّ.]3 حاملهُ [He bore with him a burden]. You say, of a Wezeer, حَامَلَ المَلِكَ أَعْبَآءَ المُلْكِ (assumed tropical:) [He bore with the King the burdens of the regal office]. (A in art. وزر.) [See also 4.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He requited him; namely, a man: or, accord. to AA, مُحَامَلَةٌ signifies the requiting with beneficence. (TA.) 4 احملهُ He helped him to bear, or carry, (T, S,) that which he was bearing, or carrying: (T, TA:) or you say, احملهُ الحِيْلَ he helped him to bear, or carry, the load, or burden: and ↓ حَمَلَهُ, i. e. فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ بِهِ [he did that with him]. (M, O, K.) [See also 3.]

A2: أَحْمَلَتْ She (a woman, S, K, and a camel, S) yielded her milk without being pregnant. (S, K.) 5 تحمّل He took upon himself the bearing, or carrying, of loads, or burdens: this is the primary signification. (Har p. 48.) b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) He burdened himself with, or he became, or made himself, chargeable with, or he bore, or took upon himself, the burden of, a sin, or crime, or the like; as also ↓ احتمل:] you say احتمل إِثْمًا meaning تحملّهُ. (Jel in iv. 112 and xxxiii. 58.) And تحمّل غُرْمًا (assumed tropical:) He took, or imposed, upon himself a debt, or fine. (MA.) b3: [And hence, likewise, several other significations:] see 2, in two places: b4: and 8: b5: and 1, in six places. b6: Also He bound the load, or burden, [or the loads, or burdens, on the saddle, or saddles, or on the beast, or beasts;] (Har p. 48;) and ↓ احتيل signifies [the same, or] he put, or placed, the load, or burden, [or the loads, or burdens,] on the saddle, [or saddles, or on the beast, or beasts.] (Har p. 556.) b7: [And hence,] تحمّلوا and ↓ احتملوا (assumed tropical:) They went away, departed, or journeyed. (S, TA.) 6 تحامل عَلَيْهِ [He bore, bore his weight, pressed, or pressed heavily, upon it, or him]. You say, تَحَامَلَ عَلَى رَأْسِ رُمْحِهِ مُعْتَمِدًا عَلَيْهِ لِيَمُوتَ [He bore, bore his weight, pressed, or pressed heavily, upon the head of his spear, leaning upon it, in order that he might die]. (Mgh in art. ركز.) And تَحَامَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ كَالعَاصِرِ [I pressed, or pressed heavily, upon it, like the squeezer of fruit &c.]. (Msb in art. همز.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He wronged him; or treated him wrongfully, or unjustly. (S, Mgh, and Har p. 80.) And it is asserted that one says, تحامل الزَّمَانُ عَنْ فُلَانٍ

meaning (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune, turned from such a one, and took away his property: and تحامل إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) It became favourable to him. (Har ibid.) b3: [Also] (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon him, or tasked him with, that which he was not able to bear, or to do. (M, O, K.) And تحامل عَلَى نَفْسِهِ, (S, O,) or تحامل فِى الأَمْرِ and بِالأَمْرِ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon himself, or tasked himself with, or constrained himself to do, the thing, or affair, notwithstanding difficulty, or trouble, or inconvenience, (S, M, O, K,) and fatigue. (M, TA.) And تَحَامَلْتُ فِى المَشْىِ (assumed tropical:) I constrained myself to walk, notwithstanding difficulty, or trouble, or inconvenience, and fatigue: whence, رُبَّمَا يَتَحَامَلُ الصَّيْدُ وَيَطِيرُ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Sometimes the game will constrain itself to fly, notwithstanding difficulty, &c., and will fly. (Mgh.) [See also two similar phrases in the first paragraph.] b4: ↓ مُتَحَامَلٌ is used as its inf. n., and also as a noun of place: using it as an inf. n., you say, مَافِى فُلَانٍ مُتَحَامَلٌ i. e. تَحَامُلٌ (assumed tropical:) [There is not, in such a one, wrongdoing, &c.]: and using it of a place, هٰذَا مُتَحَامَلُنَا (assumed tropical:) [This is our place of wrong-doing, or wrongtreatment, &c.]. (S, TA.) 7 انحمل عَلَى الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, incited, excited, urged, instigated, induced, or made, to do the thing, or affair. (ISd, K.) 8 احتمل He raised a thing upon his back. (Har p. 41.) b2: See also 1, in five places: and see 5, in three places. b3: (assumed tropical:) He bore, endured, or sustained. (KL.) You say, اِحْتَمَلْتُ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or endured, what proceeded from him, or what he did or said, or] I forgave what proceeded from him, and feigned myself neglectful of it. (Msb.) And إِدْلَالَهُ ↓ حَمَلْتُ and اِحْتَمَلْتُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or endured, his presumptuousness occasioned by his confiding in my love]. (S.) and احتملهُ (assumed tropical:) [He bore with, endured, suffered, or tolerated, him; or] he bore, or endured, his annoyance, or molestation, (احتمل أَذَاهُ,) and feigned himself neglectful of what proceeded from him, and did not reprove him. (Har p. 41.) and احتمل (assumed tropical:) He was forbearing, or clement; he acted with forbearance, or clemency; he treated with forbearance, or clemency, him who reviled him: (TA:) he forgave an offence; as also ↓ تحمّل: (Har p. 637:) and عَنْهُ ↓ حَمَلَ (tropical:) he treated him with forbearance, or clemency. (K, TA.) [and احتمل النِّعْمَة (assumed tropical:) He bore wealth; or he had, or exercised, the quality of doing so; generally meaning, in a becoming, or proper, manner; but also absolutely, as is shown by the phrase] سُوْءُ احْتِمَالِ النِّعْمَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The bearing of wealth ill, or in an evil manner]. (Er-Rághib voce بَطَرٌ.) and احتمل الصَّنِيعَةَ (assumed tropical:) He bore the benefit as a badge, and was thankful, or grateful, for it. (ISd, K.) b4: [In lexicology, said of a word or phrase or sentence, (assumed tropical:) It bore, admitted, or was susceptible of, a meaning, a sense, or an interpretation: and, elliptically, (assumed tropical:) it bore, admitted, or was susceptible of, two, or more, different meanings, senses, or interpretations; it was equivocal.] In the conventional language of the lawyers, and the Muslim theologians [and men of science in general], (Msb,) it is used, (Kull,) or may be used, (Msb,) as importing supposition, and admissibleness, or allowableness; and thus used, it is intrans.: and also as importing necessary implication, and inclusion; and thus used, it is trans.: you say, يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [It is supposable, or admissible, or allowable, that it may be thus; or simply it may be thus; as also يُحْتَمَلُ, which is often used in this sense]: and اِحْتَمَلَ الحَالُ وُجُوهًا كَثِيرَةً (assumed tropical:) [The case necessarily implied, or included, many (possible) modes, or manners of being; or admitted of being put, or explained, or understood, in many ways; or bore many kinds of interpretation]. (Msb, Kull.) b5: احتملهُ الغَضَبُ (assumed tropical:) Anger disquieted, or flurried, him. (Mj, TA.) And اُحْتُمِلَ [alone] (assumed tropical:) He was disquieted, or flurried, by anger: (T, TA:) or, accord. to the Mj and M and O; but accord. to the K, followed by لَوْنُهُ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) he was angry, and his colour changed. (K, TA.) b6: [اِحْتَمَلَتْ She (a woman) used a drug, or the like, in the manner of a suppository in the ragina: so in the present day: and so in the K, on the words قُنَّبِيطٌ and نِفْطٌ &c.] b7: احتمل He bought what is termed حَمِيل, i. e. a thing [in the CK للسَّبْىِ is put for لِلشَّىْءِ] carried from one country or town to another (K, TA) among a party of captives. (TA.) 10 اِسْتَحْمَلْتُهُ signifies سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَنِى [i. e. I asked him to carry me, or to give me a beast on which to ride]. (S.) b2: استحملهُ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He imposed upon him his wants and affairs. (M, K.) R. Q. 1 حَوْمَلَ He carried water. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) حَمْلٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: (tropical:) Gestation: see an ex. voce إِنْىٌ. b3: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) The young that is borne in the womb (M, K) of any animal; (M, TA;) and (assumed tropical:) the fruit of a tree, (IDrd, S, M, Msb, K,) as also ↓ حِمْلٌ: (IDrd, S, M, K:) or the former, (assumed tropical:) the thing that is in a belly, or on the head of a tree: (ISk, S, M, Mgh, K:) and ↓ the latter, a thing borne, or carried, (Msb, K,) on the back; [i. e. a load, or burden;] (Msb;) the thing that is on the back or on the head: (ISk, S, M, Mgh, K:) or the former, (assumed tropical:) a burden that is borne internally; as the young in the belly, and the water in the clouds, and the fruit in the tree as being likened to the حَمْل of the woman: and ↓ the latter, a burden that is borne externally; as the thing that is borne on the back: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or [when applied to fruit] the former signifies a fruit that is internal: and ↓ the latter, a fruit that is external: (M, K:) or the former, fruit of a tree when large, or much: and ↓ the latter, fruit when not large, or when not much and large: (K accord. to different copies:) this is the saying of AO, mentioned in the T, in art. شمل, where, in the copies of the T, is found ما لم يكثر, not مالم يكبر: (TA:) and the former also occurs as meaning a burden that requires, for the carrying it, a beast or the hire of a porter: (Mgh:) the pl. [of pauc.] of the latter (Mgh, Msb, K) and of the former (K) is أَحْمَالٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [the pl. of mult.] (of the former, K, * TA) حِمَالٌ (K) and (of the latter, Msb) حُمُولٌ (Msb, K) and حُمُولَةٌ. (S, M, Mgh, Sgh.) Hence, (in a trad., TA) هٰذَا الحِمَالُ لَاحِمَالُ خَيْبَرَ (assumed tropical:) [This is the fruit: not the fruit of Kheyber]: meaning that it is the fruit of Paradise; and that it does not fail, or come to an end. (M, K.) b4: See also what next follows.

حِمْلٌ: see حَمْلٌ, in five places. b2: حُمُولٌ, (S, M, K,) as pl. of حِمْلٌ, (M, K,) and of ↓ حَمْلٌ also, (K,) signifies likewise [Vehicles of the kind called] هَوَادِج [pl. of هَوْدَجٌ], (M, K,) whether having in them women or not: (M, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) camels upon which are هوادج, (Az, S, M, O, K,) whether there be in them women or not: (Az, S, O:) it is not applied to camels unless they have upon them هوادج. (M, TA.) b3: See also مَحْمِلٌ, and حَمُولَةٌ.

حَمَلٌ A lamb; i. e. the young one of the ewe in the first year; (Mgh, Msb;) i. q. بَرَقٌ; (S;) or خَرُوفٌ [explained in the K in art. خرف as the male young one of the sheep-kind; or such as has pastured, and become strong]: (K, and S and Msb in art. خرف:) or such as is termed جَذَعٌ, [i. e. a year old, or from six to ten months,] of the young of the sheep-kind; and less than this [in age]: (ISd, K:) accord. to Er-Rághib, it signifies مَحْمُولٌ [borne, or carried]; and the young of the sheep-kind is particularly called thus because borne, or carried, on account of its impotence, and of the nearness of the time when its mother was pregnant with it: (TA:) pl. حُمْلَانٌ (S, M, Mgh, Sgh, Msb, K) and أَحْمَالٌ. (M, K.) b2: [Hence,] الحَمَلُ (assumed tropical:) [The sign Aries;] a certain sign of the zodiac; (K;) the first of the signs of the zodiac; (S;) the constellation comprising, first, the شَرَطَانِ, which are its two horns; then, the بُطَيْن; then, the ثُرَيَّا. (T, TA.) One says, مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ الحَمَلِ and بنوء الطَّلِىِّ (assumed tropical:) [We were, or have been, given rain by the auroral setting of Aries: so the pagan Arabs used to say: see نَوْءٌ; and see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل]. (TA.) One says also, هٰذَا حَمَلٌ طَالِعًا (assumed tropical:) [This is Aries, rising]; suppressing the ال, but making the noun to remain determinate; and thus one does in the case of every name of a sign of the zodiac, preserving the ال or suppressing it. (TA.) b3: حَمَلٌ signifies also (tropical:) Clouds containing much water: (M, K, TA:) or black clouds: (T, TA: [see also حَوْمَلٌ, below:]) or, as some say, the rain [supposed to be given] by the نَوْء [see above] of الحَمَل. (TA.) حَمْلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A charge, or an assault or attack, in war, or battle. (T, K.) حُمْلَةٌ: see what next follows.

حِمْلَةٌ and ↓ حُمْلَةٌ Carriage from one دار [app. here meaning country, or town, or the like,] to another. (K.) حُمْلَانٌ an inf. n. of حَمَلَ [q. v.]. (Mgh, K.) A2: Also A beast upon which a present is borne. (M, Mgh, O, K.) b2: Hire for that which is borne, or carried. (Lth, Mgh, TA.) b3: And, as a conventional term (Mgh, O, K) of the صَاغَة [or workers in gold and silver], (Sgh, K,) Adulterating alloy (غِشّ) that is added to dirhems, or coin (عَلَى الدَّرَاهِمِ ↓ يُحْمَلُ). (Mgh, Sgh, K.) b4: Also pl. of حَمَلٌ [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) حَمَالٌ or حِمَالٌ: see حَمَالَةٌ.

حَمُولٌ (assumed tropical:) Forbearing, or clement. (M, K.) حَمِيلٌ i. q. ↓ مَحْمُولٌ [Borne, carried, taken up and carried, conveyed, or carried off or away]. (Msb, K.) b2: Hence, (Msb,) The rubbish, or rotten leaves, and scum, that are borne of a torrent. (S, Msb, K. *) b3: A thing [شَىْء, accord. to copies of the K and the TA, but accord. to the CK سَبْى, agreeably with the next of the explanations here following,] that is carried from one country or town to another (K, TA) among a party of captives. (TA.) b4: A captive; because carried from one country or town to another. (Msb.) b5: One who is carried a child from his country, not born in [the territory of] El-Islám: (S, O:) or one who is carried from his country to the country of El-Islám: or a child with a woman who carries it, and says that it is her son: or any relation, or kinsman, in the territory of the enemy: (Mgh:) or one that is carried from the territory of the unbelievers to that of ElIslám, and who is therefore not allowed to inherit without evidence: (Th, TA:) or a child in the belly of his mother when taken from the land of the unbelievers. (K.) b6: A foundling, or child cast out by his mother, whom persons carry off and rear: (K:) in some copies of the K, فَيَرِثُونَهُ is erroneously put for فَيُرَبُّونَهُ. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) One whose origin, or lineage, is suspected; or who claims for his father one who is not; or who is claimed as a son by one who is not his father; syn. دَعِىٌّ. (S, Msb, K.) b8: (assumed tropical:) A stranger: (K:) as being likened to [the حَمِيل of] the torrent, or to the child in the belly. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b9: (assumed tropical:) One who is responsible, or a surety, (S, Msb, K,) for (بِ) a debt or a bloodwit; as also ↓ حَامِلٌ: (Msb:) because he bears [or is burdened with] the obligation, together with him upon whom the obligation properly rests. (TA.) b10: (assumed tropical:) What is withered and black of the ثُمَام and وَشِيج (K, TA) and ضَعَة and طَرِيفَة. (TA.) b11: (assumed tropical:) The [thong called] شِرَاك [of a sandal]. (O, K.) In one copy of the K, الشريك is put in the place of الشراك. (TA.) حَمَالَةٌ A bloodwit, (S, K, TA,) or a debt, an obligation, or a responsibility, that must be paid, discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person, (S, TA,) or taken upon themselves by a party of men, (K, TA,) for others; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ حَمَالٌ, accord. to the T and M; or ↓ حِمَالٌ, accord. to the K: (TA:) or a responsibility which one takes upon himself for a debt or a bloodwit: pl. حَمَالَاتٌ: (Msb:) the pl. of حمال is حُمُلٌ. (K.) حِمَالَةٌ The occupation, or business, of a porter, or carrier of burdens. (M, K.) b2: Also said to be sing. of حَمَائِلُ, and syn. with مِحْمَلٌ, which see, in two places.

حَمُولَةٌ A camel, or horse, or mule, or an ass, upon which burdens are borne: (Mgh, Msb:) and sometimes applied to a number of camels: (Msb:) camels that bear burdens: and any beast upon which the tribe carries, namely, an ass or other animal; (S;) or a beast upon which people carry, namely, a camel, and an ass, and the like; (K;) whether the loads be thereon or not: (S, K:) or such as are able to bear: (Az, TA:) or particularly applied to such as have on them the loads; as also ↓ حُمُولٌ: (ISd, TA:) accord. to the T, not including asses nor mules: applied to one and to more than one: (TA:) a word of the measure فَعُولٌ receives the affix ة when it has the meaning of a pass. part. n. (S, TA.) b2: Also, accord. to the K, The loads, or burdens, themselves: but this, accord. to the S and M [and Mgh] and Sgh, is [حُمُولَةٌ, a pl. of حِمْلٌ,] with damm [to the ح]. (TA.) حَمِيلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) i. q. كَلٌّ and عِيَالٌ: so in the saying, هُوَ حَمِيلَةٌ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) [He is a burden upon us; one whom we have to support]. (O, K.) b2: Also said to be sing. of حَمَائِلُ, and syn. with مِحْمَلٌ, q. v.

حَمَائِلُ: see مِحْمَلٌ, in two places.

حَمَّالٌ A porter, or carrier of burdens. (Msb, K.) b2: حَمَّالَةُ الحَطَبِ [is applied in the Kur cxi. 4 to a woman, lit. meaning The female carrier of firewood: and as an intensive epithet is applied to a man, as meaning] (tropical:) The calumniator, or slanderer. (TA.) حَامِلٌ [Bearing, carrying, taking up and carrying, conveying, or carrying off or away;] act. part. n. of 1 having for its object what is borne on the back [&c.]: (Msb:) fem. with ة: (S, Msb:) pl. masc. حَمَلَةٌ: (S, TA:) and pl. fem.

حَامِلَاتٌ. (TA.) Hence, حَمَلَةُ العَرْشِ [The bearers of the عرش, or empyrean, held by the vulgar to be the throne of God]. (S, TA.) and the phrase فَالْحَامِلَاتِ وِقْرًا [in the Kur li. 2, lit. And the bearers of a load, or heavy load:] meaning (assumed tropical:) the clouds. (TA.) b2: Applied to a woman, (tropical:) Pregnant; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.;) as also حَامِلَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) the former as being an epithet exclusively applied to a female: the latter as conformable to its verb, which is حَمَلَتْ; (S, Msb;) or as being used in a tropical [or doubly tropical] manner, meaning pregnant in past time or in future time; (Msb;) or as a possessive epithet [meaning having a burden in the womb]: (TA:) [see an ex. of the latter in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. مخص:] accord. to the Koofees, the former, not being applied to a male, has no need of the sign of the fem. gender: but the Basrees say that this [rule] does not uniformly obtain; for the Arabs say رَجُلٌ أَيِّمٌ and اِمْرَأَةٌ أَيِّمٌ, and رَجُلٌ عَانِسٌ and اِمْرَأَةٌ عَانِسٌ; and that, correctly speaking, حَامِلٌ and طَالِقٌ and حَائِضٌ and the like are epithets masc. in form applied to females, like as رَبْعَةٌ and رَاوِيَةٌ and خُجَأَةٌ are epithets fem. in form applied to males. (S.) It is also applied to a she-camel [and app. to any female] in the same sense. (Mgh.) b3: Applied to trees (شَجَرٌ), (assumed tropical:) Bearing fruit: (TA:) fem. with ة. (K.) b4: See also حَمِيلٌ. b5: [Respecting this epithet, and the phrases حَامِلُ الأَمَانَةِ and مُحْتَمِلُ الأَمَانَةِ, see also أَمَانَةٌ, last sentence but one.] b6: حَمَلَةُ القُرَآنِ (assumed tropical:) [Those who bear in their memory the Kur-án, knowing it by heart]. (S, TA.) حَوْمَلٌ Clouds (سَحَابٌ) black by reason of the abundance of their water. (O, K.) [See also حَمَلٌ.] b2: A clear torrent. (K.) b3: The first of anything. (K.) حَامِلَةٌ fem. of حَامِلٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb.) b2: حَوَامِلُ is its pl.: and signifies The legs; (M, K;) because they bear the man. (TA.) b3: and The sinews, or tendons, of the foot and of the fore arm; (M, K;) and the [veins called the] رَوَاهِش thereof. (M, TA. [See الوَرِيدُ.]) b4: See also مَحْمِلٌ.

مَحْمِلٌ [of which the primary signification is A place of bearing or carrying], (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or ↓ مِحْمَلٌ [which primarily signifies An instrument for bearing or carrying], (M, Mgh,) or the latter is allowable, (Msb,) The [kind of vehicle called] هَوْدَج; (Msb;) as also ↓ حِمْلٌ: (M, K:) or the large هودج termed حَجَّاجِىٌّ: (Mgh:) or a pair of dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, (شِقَّانِ,) upon a camel, in which are borne two equal loads, (K,) [and which, with a small tent over them, compose a هودج;] first made use of by El-Hajjáj Ibn-Yoosuf Eth-Thakafee: (TA:) one of the مَحَامِل of the pilgrims: (S:) مَحَامِلُ being the pl. (K.) Hence, ↓ مَحَامِلِىٌّ A seller of مَحَامِل. (K.) [What is now particularly termed the محمل (vulgarly pronounced مَحْمَل) of the pilgrims is an ornamented هودج, which is borne by a camel, but without a rider, and is regarded as the royal banner of the caravan; such as is described and figured in my work on the Modern Egyptians. (See also مَحَارَةٌ, in art. حور.)] Its application to (tropical:) The camel that bears the محمل is tropical. (Mgh.) [See also حِمْلٌ. The assertion that it signifies also the silk covering that is sent every year for the Kaabeh is erroneous. This covering is sent from Cairo, with the baggage of the chief of the Egyptian pilgrim-caravan.] b2: Also مَحْمِلٌ, (K,) or ↓ مِحْمَلٌ, (M,) A basket (زِنْبِيل) in which grapes are carried to the place where they are to be dried; and so ↓ حَامِلَةٌ. (K.) b3: One says also, مَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ مَحْمِلٌ (assumed tropical:) There is no ground of reliance upon such a one; syn. مُعْتَمَدٌ: (S:) or no relying, or reliance: (MA:) or no ground (lit. place) for imposing upon such a one the accomplishment of one's wants. (M, TA.) And مَا عَلَى البَعِيرِ مَحْمِلٌ مِنْ ثِقَلِ الحِمْلِ (assumed tropical:) [There is no ground of reliance, or no relying, upon the camel, by reason of the heaviness of the load.] (TA.) مُحْمِلٌ A woman, (S, M, K,) and a she-camel, (S, M,) who yields her milk without being pregnant. (S, M, K.) مِحْمَلٌ: see مَحْمِلٌ, in two places. b2: The عِلَاقَة of a sword (S, Msb, * K) &c.; (Msb;) i. e. its suspensory thong [or cord or shoulder-belt], by which the wearer hangs it upon his neck; (S, TA;) as also ↓ حِمَالَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَمِيلَةٌ: (IDrd, K:) and the ↓ حِمَالَة of the bow is similar to that of the sword: the wearer throws it upon his right shoulder, and puts forth his left arm from it, so that the bow is on his back: (AHn, TA:) the pl. of مِحْمَلٌ is مَحَامِلُ: (Az, Msb:) and that of حِمَالَةٌ, (S, Msb,) or of حَمِيلَةٌ, (Kh, TA,) is ↓ حَمَائِلُ; (Kh, S, TA;) or, accord. to As, حَمَائِلُ has no proper sing., its sing. being only مِحْمَلٌ. (S, TA.) b3: Dhu-r-Rummeh applies it to (tropical:) The root of a tree; (S, K;) likening this to the محمل of a sword. (S.) b4: مَحَامِلُ الذَّكَرِ and ↓ حَمَائِلُهُ (assumed tropical:) The veins in the root and skin of the penis. (M, K.) نَاقَةٌ مُحَمَّلَةٌ A she-camel heavily burdened, or overburdened. (TA.) مَحْمُولٌ: see حَمِيلٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) A fortunate man: from the riding of beasts such as are termed فُرَّهٌ, (K, * TA,) i. e. brisk, sharp, and strong. (TA in art. فره.) b3: [In logic, (assumed tropical:) A predicate: and (assumed tropical:) an accident: in each of these senses contr. of مَوْضُوعٌ.]

مَحْمُولَةٌ A dust-coloured wheat, (K, TA,) like the pod of the cotton-plant, (TA,) having many grains, (K, TA,) and large ears, and of much increase, but not approved in colour nor in taste: so in the M. (TA.) مُحَامِلٌ (assumed tropical:) One who is unable to answer thee; and who does it not, to preserve thine affection. (TA.) مَحَامِلِىٌّ: see مَحْمِلٌ.

مُحْتَمِلُ الأَمَانَةِ: see أَمَانَةٌ, last sentence but one.

مُتَحَامَلٌ: see 6, last sentence.

شَهْرٌ مُسْتَحْمِلٌ A month that brings people into difficulty, or distress; (K, TA;) that is not as it should be. (TA.) Such is said by the Arabs to be the case إِذَا نَحَرَ هِلَالٌ شِمَالًا [app. meaning when a new moon faces a north-east wind]. (TA.)

حرم

1 حَرُمَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حُرْمٌ (Msb, K) and حُرُمٌ (Msb) and حُرْمَةٌ (IKoot, S, Msb) and حِرْمَةٌ (IKoot, Msb) and حَرَامٌ, (Msb, K,) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful, (Msb,) عَلَيْهِ to him. (S, K.) And حَرُمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حُرْمٌ (S, K) and حُرُمٌ (K,) and حُرُومٌ; (Az, TA;) and حَرِمَت, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرَمٌ [in the CK حَرْم] and حَرَامٌ; (Msb, K, TA;) Prayer was, or became, forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful, (Msb,) عَلَيْهَا to her; (T, S, K;) namely, a woman (T, S, K) menstruating. (S.) and حَرُمَ السَّحُورُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ [The meal before daybreak was, or became, forbidden to the faster]. (K.) And حَرُمَتِ المَرْأَةُ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. حُرْمٌ and حَرَامٌ, [The woman was, or became, forbidden to her husband.] (Az, TA.) b2: [Also It (a place, a possession, a right, an office or a function, a quality, a command or an ordinance, &c.,) and he, (a person,) was, or became, sacred, or inviolable, or entitled to reverence, respect, or honour; whence several applications of its part. n. حَرِيمٌ, q. v.]

A2: حَرَمَهُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K;) and حَرِمَهُ الشئ, aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. حَرِمٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِرْمٌ and حَرِمَةٌ (K) and حِرْمَةٌ and حِرْمَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَرِيمَةٌ (S, K) and حَرِيمٌ (K) and مَحْرَمَةٌ; (Har p. 69;) and ↓ احرمهُ الشئ, (S, Msb, K,) but this last is of weak authority; (K;) He denied him, or refused him, the thing; (S, K;) he refused to give him the thing: (TA:) he rendered him hopeless of the thing: (PS:) accord. to the T, حِرْمٌ signifies the act of denying or refusing [a thing]; and حِرْمَةٌ is the same as حِرْمَانٌ; (TA;) which signifies [also the denying, or refusing, a thing; or] the rendering unprosperous, or unfortunate; (KL;) [and frequently, as inf. n. of the pass. v. حُرِمَ, the being denied prosperity; privation of prosperity; ill-fatedness: see its syn. حُرْفٌ.]

A3: حَرِمَتْ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حِرَامٌ; (K;) and ↓ استحرمت; (S, K;) said of a female cloven-hoofed animal, She desired the male: (S, K:) accord. to El-Umawee, (S,) likewise said of a she-wolf and of a bitch: (S, K:) and sometimes also said of a she-camel: but mostly of a ewe or she-goat. (TA.) A4: حَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرَمٌ, (S,) accord. to Az and Ks, (S,) He was overcome in contending for stakes, or wagers, in a game of hazard, (S, K,) not having himself overcome therein. (K.) A5: Also حَرِمَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَرَمٌ, (TA,) He persisted; or persisted obstinately; or persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling; or he contended, litigated, or wrangled. (K.) 2 حرّمهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) said of God, (K,) and of a man, (S, Msb,) He forbade it, prohibited it, or made it unlawful, (S, Msb, K, *) عَلَيْهِ to him; (S;) as also ↓ احرمهُ, (S, * Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْرَامٌ. (S.) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ at the commencement of prayer is termed تَكْبِيرَةُ التَّحْرِيمِ [The تكبيرة of prohibition], because it prohibits the person praying from saying and doing anything extraneous to prayer: and it is also termed ↓ تكبيرةُ الإِحْرَامِ, meaning the تكبيرة of entering upon a state of prohibition by prayer. (TA.) It is said in a trad., of Ibn-'Abbás, إِذَا حَرَّمَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَهِىَ يَمِينٌ يُكَفِّرُهَا [When the man declares his wife to be forbidden to him, it is an oath, which he must expiate]: for the تَحْرِيم of a wife and of a female slave may be without the intention of divorce. (TA.) and حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلَى نَفْسِى, occurring in another trad., [lit. I have forbidden myself wrongdoing, said by Mohammad,] means I am far above wrongdoing. (TA.) تَحْرِيمٌ [as the inf. n. of حُرِّمٌ] means The being refractory, or untractable; [as though forbidden to the rider;] whence مُحَرَّمٌ [q. v.] applied to a camel. (TA.) b2: [Also He made, or pronounced, it, or him, sacred, or inviolable, or entitled to reverence or respect or honour; whence المُحَرَّمُ applied to the حَرَم of Mekkeh, &c:] he, or it, made him, or it, to be reverenced, respected, or honoured. (KL.) A2: He bound it hard; namely, a whip. (KL.) b2: He tanned it incompletely [so that it became, or remained, hard]; namely, a hide. (KL.) A3: See also 4, in two places.4 احرام, [inf. n. إِحْرَامٌ,] He entered upon a thing [or state or time] that caused what was before allowable, or lawful, to him to be forbidden, or unlawful. (S, * Msb. [See also 5.]) And hence, (S, Msb,) He purposed entering upon the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة: (Msb:) or he (the performer of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة) entered upon acts whereby what was allowable, or lawful, to him became forbidden, or unlawful; (K, TA;) as venereal intercourse, and the anointing of oneself, and wearing sewed garments, and hunting and the like: (TA:) you say, احرام بِالحَجِّ and بِالعُمْرَةِ, because what was allowable to the person became forbidden; as the killing of objects of the chase, and [venereal intercourse with] women. (S.) And He entered into the حَرَم, i. e. Mekkeh or El-Medeeneh, (K, TA,) or the sacred territory of cither of those cities: (TA:) or he entered into a sacred, or an inviolable, state; or into a state of security or safety, (S, K, TA,) being assured by a compact, or bond, that he should not be attacked [&c.]: (TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) he entered upon a sacred month; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ حرّم, (K, TA, [in the CK حَرَمَ,]) inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ. (TA.) And He entered [as a subject] into the covenanted state of security of the government of the Khaleefeh. (TA.) 'Omar said, الصِّيَامُ إِحْرَامٌ [Fasting is a state of prohibition], because the faster is prohibited from doing that which would break his fast. (Sh, TA.) And الرَّجُلُ يُحْرِمُ فِى

الغَضَبِ, a saying of El-Hasan, means The man swears in anger, because he becomes prohibited thereby (بِهِ ↓ لِتَحَرُّمِهِ) [from doing, or refraining from, a thing]. (TA.) See also 2, second sentence. b2: احرام عَنْهُ He refrained from it [as though he were prohibited from doing it]. (ElMufaddal, TA.) A2: احرمهُ: see 2, first sentence. b2: See also 1.

A3: Also He overcame him in contending for stakes, or wagers, in a game of hazard; (Az, Ks, S, K;) and so ↓ حرّمهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيمٌ. (TA.) 5 تحرّم [He became in a state of prohibition]: see 4. [Thus it is similar to 4 in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above. Like as you say, احرم بِالحَجِّ and بِالعُمْرَةِ, so] you say, تحرّم بِالصَّلَاةِ [He became in a state of prohibition by prayer; i. e.] he pronounced the تَكْبِير [or تَكْبِيرَةُ التَّحْرِيمِ, also termed تَكْبِيرَةُ الإِحْرَامِ, (see 2,)] for prayer; he entered upon prayer. (MA.) b2: [Also He protected, or defended, himself.] Yousay, تحرّم مِنْهُ بِحُرْمَةٍ, meaning تمنّع and تحمّى

[He protected, or defended, himself] بِذِمَّةٍ [by a compact, or covenant, whereby he became in a state of security or safety, or by a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety]; (K;) or بِصُحْبَةٍ

[by companionship]; or بِحَقٍّ [by a right, or due]. (TA.) And تحرّم بِصُحْبَتِهِ [He protected, or defended, himself by his companionship: or, as explained in the PS, he sought protection, or security, by his companionship]. (S.) b3: Also [He was, or became, entitled to reverence, respect, or honour; or] he possessed what entitled him to reverence, respect, or honour. (KL.) 8 احترمهُ He held him in reverence, respect, or honour; he reverenced, respected, or honoured, him. (MA.) [See حُرْمَةٌ. Golius and Freytag explain اِحْتَرَمَ as meaning “ Dignitate et præsidio venerabilis fuit: ” but it is the pass., اُحْتُرِمَ, that has this meaning; or rather, he was held in reverence, &c.; was reverenced, &c.]10 استحرم [He deemed himself in a state of prohibition]. It is said in a trad., of Adam, اِسْتَحْرَمَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ ابْنِهِ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ لَمْ يَضْحَكْ [He deemed himself in a state of prohibition, after the death of his son, a hundred years, not laughing]: from أَحْرَمَ signifying “ he entered into a sacred, or an inviolable, state. ” (TA.) A2: استحرمت, said of a female cloven-hoofed animal, &c.: see 1.

حَرْمٌ: see حِرْمٌ.

حُرْمٌ The state of إِحْرَام (Az, S, K) on account of the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة; (Az, TA;) as also ↓ حِرْمٌ. (K in art. حل. [See 4 in the present art.]) Hence the saying, فَعَلَهُ فِى حُلِّهِ وَحُرْمِهِ, and ↓ فِى حِلِّهِ وَ حِرْمِهِ, He did it when he was free from احرام and when he was in the state of احرام. (K in art. حل.) And hence the saying of 'Áïsheh, respecting Mohammad, كُنْتُ أُطَيِّبُهُ لِحُلِّهِ وَحُرْمِهِ, i. e. [I used to perfume him when he was free from احرام and] when he was in the state of احرام: (S, Msb: *) or when he became free from احرام and when he performed the ablution and desired to enter upon the state of احرام for the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة. (Az, TA.) [حُرْمُكَ in copies of the K, explained as meaning نِسَاؤُكَ وَ مَا تَحْمِى, is a mistranscription for حُرَمُكَ: see حُرْمَةٌ.]

حِرْمٌ: see حُرْمٌ, in two places.

A2: See also حَرَامٌ, in two places. b2: وَ حِرْمٌ عَلَى قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُونَ, (S, * K, * TA,) in the Kur [xxi. 95], (TA,) thus read by some, (S, TA,) means وَاجِبٌ [i. e. It is a necessary lot of the people of a town that we have destroyed that they shall not return] (S, K, TA) to their present state of existence: (TA:) so explained by Ks, (S, TA,) and by I'Ab and Fr and Zj: (TA:) some read ↓ حَرْمٌ: (Bd:) the people of El-Medeeneh read ↓ حَرَامٌ; meaning forbidden; and accord. to this reading and meaning, لا is redundant: (TA:) [or حَرَامٌ in this instance is syn. with وَاجِبٌ, like حِرْمٌ; for it is said that] the explanation of Ks is confirmed by the saying of 'Abd-er-Rahmán Ibn-Jumáneh [in the TA حمانة, app. for جُمَانَة,] ElMuháribee, a Jáhilee, لَا أَرَى الدَّهْرَ بَاكِيًا ↓ فَإِنَّ حَرَامًا عَلَى شَجْوِهِ إِلَّا بَكِيتُ عَلَى عَمْرٍو [For it is a necessary thing that I should not ever see one weeping for his sorrow but I should weep for 'Amr]. (TA.) حَرَمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is sometimes syn., like as زَمَنٌ is with زَمَانٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) b2: [Hence,] الحَرَمُ The حَرَم [or sacred territory] of Mekkeh, (Lth, Az, Msb, * K,) upon the limits of which were set up ancient boundary-marks [said to have been] built by Abraham; (Az, TA;) also called حَرَمُ اللّٰهِ and حَرَمُ رَسُوِلِ اللّٰهِ (K) and ↓ المُحَرَّمُ: (Lth, K:) also the حَرَم of El-Medeeneh: (Msb:) [and Mekkeh itself: and El-Medeeneh itself:] and الحَرَمَانِ [the sacred territory of Mekkeh and that of El-Medeeneh: and] Mekkeh [itself] and El-Medeeneh [itself]: pl. أَحْرَامٌ: (K:) and حَرَمُ اللّٰهِ is also applied to Mekkeh [itself]. (S.) b3: See also حَرِيمٌ, in two places.

حَرِمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. (TA.) Zuheyr says, وَ إِنْ خَلِيلٌ يَوْمَ مَسْأَلَةٍ

يَقُولُ لَا غَائِبٌ مَالِى وَ لَا حَرِمُ [And if a friend come to him, on a day of solicitation, he says, My cattle are not, or my property is not, absent, nor forbidden, or refused]: (S, IB, TA:) [in the S, this is cited as an ex. of حَرِمٌ as syn. with حِرْمَانٌ, which is an inf. n. of حَرَمَهُ, q. v.: but] IB says that حَرِم means مَمْنُوع: (TA:) يقول in this verse is marfooa though commencing an apodosis, because meant to be understood as put before [in the protasis], accord. to Sb; as though the poet said, يَقُولُ إِنْ أَتَاهُ خَلِيلٌ: accord. to the Koofees, it is so by reason of فَ understood. (S, TA.) حُرْمَةٌ The state of being forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful: (KL:) [and of being sacred, or inviolable; sacredness, or inviolability: (see حَرُمَ, of which it is an inf. n.:)] and the state of being revered, respected, or honoured. (KL.) See also مَحْرَمٌ. b2: Also, (Az, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ حُرُمَةٌ, (Mgh, K,) and ↓ حُرَمَةٌ, (K,) Reverence, respect, or honour; (Az, K, TK;) a subst. from اِحْتِرَامٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) like فُرْقَةٌ from اِفْتِرَاقٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ signifies the same; but properly, a place of حُرْمَة: (Mgh:) pl. of the first حُرَمَاتٌ and حُرُمَاتٌ and حُرْمَاتٌ, like غرفات pl. of غُرْفَةٌ. (Msb) When a man has relationship [to us], and we regard him with bashfulness, we say, لَهُ حُرْمَةٌ [Reverence, &c., is due to him; or is rendered to him]. (Az, TA.) And we say, لِلْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِ حُرْمَةٌ [Reverence, &c., to the Muslim is incumbent on the Muslim]. (Az, TA.) b3: Also A thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ: (Msb:) as, for instance, a man's honour, or reputation: (TK:) a thing which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour [and defend]: (Jel in ii. 190:) a thing of which one is under an obligation to be mindful, observant, or regardful: (Bd ibid.:) [everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of a person: a thing that one is bound to do, or from which one is bound to refrain, from a motive of reverence, respect, or honour: (see the next sentence:) and any attribute that renders the subject thereof entitled to reverence, respect, or honour:] the pl. of حُرْمَةٌ is حُرُمَاتٌ (Bd and Jel ubi suprà, and TA) [and حُرَمَاتٌ and حُرْمَاتٌ, as above,] and حُرَمٌ; (Msb;) and that of ↓ مَحْرَمٌ [and ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ] is مَحَارِمُ; (Msb;) and مَحْرَمَاتٌ and مَحْرُمَاتٌ [also] are pls. of ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ. (As, S.) حُرُمَاتُ اللّٰهِ means [The inviolable ordinances and prohibitions of God: or] the ordinances of God, and other inviolable things: (Bd and Jel * in xxii. 31:) or what it is incumbent on one to perform, and unlawful to neglect: (Zj, K:) or all the requisitions of God relating to the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage and to other things: (Ksh in xxii. 31:) or the حَرَم [or sacred territory] and the requisitions relating to the pilgrimage: (Bd ubi suprà:) or the requisitions relating to the pilgrimage in particular: (Ksh ubi suprà:) or the Kaabeh and the sacred mosque and the sacred territory and the sacred month and the person who is in the state of إِحْرَام: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) or the inviolability (حُرْمَة) of the sacred territory and of the state of إِحْرَام and of the sacred month: (TA:) or Mekkeh and the pilgrimage and the عُمْرَة, and all the acts of disobedience to God which He has forbidden: (Mujáhid, TA:) or [simply] the acts of disobedience to God. ('Atà, TA.) b4: and [hence, because it should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable,] i. q. ذِمَّةٌ [A compact, a covenant, or an obligation; and particularly such as renders one responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a person or thing, or for the restoration of a thing, or for the payment of a sum of money, &c.; or by which one becomes in a state of security or safety: and simply responsibility, or suretiship: and security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter: or an obligation, a duty, or a right, or due, that should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable, or the nonobservance of which is blameable]. (K.) b5: and [hence also] A man's حُرَم [i. e. his wives, or women under covert,] and his family: (S:) and [in like manner the pl.] حُرَمٌ, accord. to the K حُرْمٌ, but correctly like زُفَرٌ, (TA,) a man's wives, or women [under covert], (K, TA,) and his household, or family, (TA,) and what he protects, or defends; as also مَحَارِمُ, of which the sing. is ↓ مَحْرُمَةٌ and ↓ مَحْرَمَةٌ: (K, TA:) and hence حُرْمَةٌ is applied by the vulgar to signify a wife. (TA.) [In Har, p. 377, a man's حُرْمَة is said to mean his حَرَم and his family: and in p. 489, a man's حَرَم is said to mean his family and his wives and those whom he protects, or defends. See also حَرِيمٌ.] b6: Also A share, portion, or lot; syn. نَصِيبٌ. (K.) حِرْمَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَرَمَةٌ (Lh, S, K) The desire of a female cloven-hoofed animal, (K,) or of a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) and of a she-wolf and of a bitch, (K,) for the male: (S, K:) حَرَمَةٌ in ewes, or she-goats, is like ضَبَعَةٌ in she-camels, and حِنَآءٌ in ewes. (S.) It is also used, in a trad., in relation to male human beings. (K.) It is said in a trad., respecting those whom the hour [of the resurrection] shall overtake, تُبْعَثُ عَلَيْهِمُ الحِرْمَةُ وَ يُسْلَبُونَ الحَيَآءَ, i. e. Venereal desire [shall be made to befall them, and they shall be bereft of shame]. (S.) حَرَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حُرَمَةٌ: see حُرْمَةٌ.

حُرُمَةٌ: see حُرْمَةٌ.

حَرْمَى, applied to a female cloven-hoofed animal, (K,) or to a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) and to a she-wolf and to a bitch, (K,) Desiring the male: pl. حِرَامٌ and حَرَامَى, (S, K,) like عِجَالٌ and عَجَالَى, (S,) or the latter pl. is حُرَامَى; (so accord. to some copies of the K [like عُجَالَى];) as though its masc., if it had a masc., were حَرْمَانُ. (S.) A2: حَرْمَى وَ اللّٰهِ means the same as أَمَا وَ اللّٰهِ [Verily, or now surely, by God]; (K;) as also حَزْمَى وَ اللّٰهِ. (K in art. حزم.) حِرْمِىٌّ, applied to a man, Of, or belonging to, the حَرَم: fem. حِرْمِيَّةٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) [In the TA it is said that Mbr mentions two forms of the epithet حرميّة as applied to a woman: it does not specify what these are; but one seems to be حُرْمِيَّةٌ, for he says that it is from the phrase وَ حُرْمَةِ البَيْتِ

“ by the sacredness of the House ” of God.] Az says, on the authority of Lth, that when they applied the rel. n. from الحَرَمُ to anything not a human being, [as, for instance, to a garment, or piece of cloth,] they said ↓ ثَوْبٌ حَرَمِىٌّ: (Msb:) [but] they also said حِرْمِيَّةٌ, (S,) or سِهَامٌ حِرْمِيَّةٌ, (Msb,) meaning Arrows of the حَرَم: (S, Msb:) and حِرْمِيَّةٌ [also, or قَوْسٌ حِرْمِيَّةٌ,] meaning A bow made of a tree of the حَرَم. (Ham p. 284.) b2: Also A man of the حَرَم whose food was eaten by a pilgrim, and in whose clothes this pilgrim performed his circuiting round the Kaábeh: and a pilgrim who ate the food of a man of the حَرَم, and performed his circuiting round the Kaábeh in this man's clothes: each of these was called the حِرْمِىّ of the other: every one of the chiefs of the Arabs who imposed upon himself hardship, or strictness, in his religious practices had a حرمىّ of the tribe of Kureysh; and when he performed the pilgrimage, would not eat any food but that of this man, nor perform his circuiting round the Kaabeh except in this man's clothes. (TA.) حَرَمِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حَرَامٌ Forbidden, prohibited, or unlawful: and sacred, or inviolable; as in the phrases البَيْتُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred House of God (i. e. the Kaabeh)] and المَسْجِدُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred Mosque of Mekkeh] and البَلَدُ الحَرَامُ [the Sacred Town or Territory]: (Msb:) contr. of حَلَالٌ; (S;) as also ↓ حَرَمٌ (S, Msb) and ↓ حِرْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَرِمٌ [q. v.] (TA) [and in its primary sense ↓ حَرِيمٌ] and ↓ مَحْرَمٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) the pl. [of حَرَامٌ, agreeably with analogy,] is حُرُمٌ; (K;) and ↓ مَحَارِمُ also is a pl. of حَرَامٌ, contr. to rule, (TA,) and signifies things forbidden by God. (K.) See also حِرْمٌ. b2: حَرَامَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ, (as in some copies of the S,) or حَرَامُ اللّٰه لا افعل, (as in other copies of the S and in the K,) is a saying like يَمِينَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ, or يَمِينُ اللّٰه لا افعل: (S, K:) it may mean a declaration that the wife or the female slave shall be forbidden [to him who utters it], without the intention of divorcing [thereby the former, or of emancipating the latter; so that it may be rendered, according to the two different readings, I imprecate upon myself, or that which I imprecate upon myself is, what is forbidden of God, if I do it: I will not do such a thing: in like manner, عَلَىَّ الحَرَامُ is often said in the present day]. (TA. [See 2.]) b3: [اِبْنُ حَرَامٍ An illegitimate son: and a disingenuous, or dishonest, person.]

b4: شَهْرٌ حَرَامٌ [A sacred month]: (Msb:) pl. حُرُمٌ. (S, Msb, K.) الأَشْهُرُ الحُرُمُ [The sacred months] (S, * Msb, K) were four; namely, ذُو القَعْدَةِ and ذُو الحِجَّةِ and المُحَرَّمُ and رَجَبٌ; (S, Msb, K;) three consecutive, and one separate: (S, Msb:) in these the Arabs held fight to be unlawful; except two tribes, Khath'am and Teiyi; unless with those who held these months as profane. (S, TA.) b5: حَرَامٌ applied to a man signifies Entering into the حَرَم [or sacred territory of Mekkeh or of El-Medeeneh, or Mekkeh or El-Medeeneh itself]; and is applied also to a woman; and to a pl. number: (TA:) or i. q. ↓ مُحْرِمٌ (S, Msb) as meaning [in, or entering upon, the state of إِحْرَام: i. e. entering upon the performance of those acts of the حَجّ, or of the عُمْرَة, whereby certain things before allowable, or lawful, to him became forbidden, or unlawful; (see 4;) or] purposing to enter upon the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة: (Msb:) as also ↓ حِرْمٌ: you say, أَنْتَ حِلٌّ and انت حِرْمٌ [Thou art one who has quitted his state of إِحْرَام and thou art in, or entering upon, the state of احرام]: (TA:) the pl. of حَرَامٌ thus applied is حُرُمٌ: (S, Msb:) the fem. of ↓ مُحْرِمٌ is with ة; and the pl. masc.

مُحْرِمُونَ; and the pl. fem. مُحْرِمَاتٌ. (Msb.) b6: See another meaning voce حِرْمٌ.

حِرَامٌ: see حَرِيمٌ.

حَرُومٌ A she-camel that does not conceive when covered. (AA, K. [In the CK, مُغْتاطَة is erro neously put for مُعْتَاطَة.]) حَرِيمٌ: see حَرَامٌ. b2: [Hence,] The appertenances, or conveniences, (حُقُوق and مَرَافِق S, Msb, K,) that are in the immediate environs, (S, Msb,) of a thing, (Msb,) or of a well &c., (S,) or that are adjuncts [or within the precincts] of a house; (K;) because it is forbidden to any but the owner to appropriate to himself the use thereof: (Msb:) or, of a well, the place where is thrown the earth that has been dug out, (K, TA,) and the walking place on either side; in the case of a well dug in a waste land that has no owner, said in a trad. to be forty cubits: (TA: [but see بَدِىْءٌ:]) and of a river, or rivulet, or canal, the place where the mud is thrown out, and the walking-place on each side: (TA:) and of a house, the interior part upon which the door is closed: (Ibn-Wásil ElKilábee, TA:) or the interior part, or middle, (قَصَبَة,) thereof: (T, TA:) [and particularly the women's apartments, and the portion that is for bidden to men who are not related to the women within the prohibited degrees of marriage:] and the court of a mosque: (T, TA:) [and in general,] a place which it is incumbent on one to defend [from intrusion]: (Ham p. 492:) a thing that one protects, and in defence of which one fights; [and particularly, like حُرْمَةٌ as used by the vulgar, a man's wife; and also his female slave; or any woman under covert; and, like حُرَمٌ, pl. of حُرْمَةٌ, as used in the classical language, his wives, or women under covert, and household;] as also ↓ حَرَمٌ: pl. حُرُمٌ, (K,) the pl. of حَرِيمٌ; (TA;) and أَحْرَامٌ, (K,) which is the pl. of ↓ حَرَمٌ. (TA.) b3: A partner, copartner, or sharer. (K.) b4: A friend: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ حَرِيمٌ صَرِيحٌ Such a one is a genuine, or sincere, friend. (TA.) b5: The garment of the مُحْرِم (S, K,) [which he wears during the performance of the حَجّ or the عُمْرَة;] called by the vulgar ↓ إِحْرَامٌ and ↓ حِرَامٌ (TA.) b6: The clothes which the مُحْرِمُون used to cast off, (S, * K, TA,) when, in the time of paganism, they performed the pilgrimage to the House [of God, at Mekkeh], namely, those that were upon them when they entered the حَرَم [or sacred terri tory,] (TA,) and which they did not wear (K, TA) as long as they remained in the حَرَم: (TA:) for the Arabs used to perform their circuiting round the House naked, with their clothes thrown down before them during the circuiting; (T, S, TA;) they saying, “We will not perform the circuiting round the House in clothes in which we have committed sins, or crimes: ” and the woman, also, used to perform the circuiting naked, except that she wore a رَهْط of thongs. (TA.) A poet says, كَفَى حَزَنًا مَرِّى عَلَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُ لَقًى بَيْنَ أَيْدِى الطَّائِفِينَ حَرِيمُ [Sufficiently grievous is my passing by him as though he were a thing thrown away, a cast-off garment of a مُحْرِم, before those performing the circuiting round the Kaabeh]. (S.

حَرِيمَةٌ Anything eagerly desired, or coveted, that escapes one, so that he cannot attain it. (S.) And حَرِيمَةُ الرَّبِّ That which the Lord denies to whomsoever He will. (K.) حَارِمٌ Denying, refusing, or refusing to give. (TA.) b2: هُوَ بِحَارِمِ عَقْلٍ, (so in the copies of the K,) or مَا هُوَ بِحَارِمِ عَقْلٍ, (so in the TA,) means He has intellect, or intelligence: (K:) a phrase mentioned, and thus explained, by Az: and so بِعَارِمِ عَقْلٍ. (TA.) [The right reading is evidently that given in the TA.]

إِحْرَامٌ inf. n. of 4.

A2: See also حَرِيمٌ.

مَحْرَمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, with which it is syn. (S, Mgh, Msb.) [And see an ex. voce حَدٌّ.] b2: See also حُرْمَةٌ, in three places. b3: Also A female relation whom it is unlawful to marry: (T, Msb:) [and such a male relation likewise:] and رَحِمْ مَحْرَمٌ relationship that renders it unlawful to marry. (K.) You say, هِىَ لَهُ مَحْرَمٌ [She is a relation to him such as it is unlawful for him to marry]: and هُوَ لَهَا مَحْرَمٌ and هُوَ مَحْرَمُ مِنْهَا (Mgh) and هُوَ ذُو مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهَا he is one whom it is unlawful for her to marry, (S,) and ذُو رَحِمٍ

مَحْرَمٍ and ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٌ, applying محرم as an epithet to رحم and to ذو; (Mgh, Msb;) and ذُو فِى القَرَابَةِ ↓ حُرْمَةٍ: (Ham p. 669:) and in the case of a woman, ذَاتُ رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ. (Msb.) b4: مَحَارِمُ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) The fearful places of the night, (IAar, S, K, TA,) which the coward is forbidden to traverse. (IAar, S, TA.) [See also مَخَارِمُ, pl. of مَخْرَمٌ.]

مُحْرِمٌ: see حَرَامٌ, in two places: Contr. of مُحِلٌّ: and as such signifying [also] one with whom it is unlawful to fight: (S:) or, as such, whom it is unlawful to slay: (TA in art. حل:) and, as such also, one who has a claim, or covenanted right, to protection, or safeguard. (S in art. حل.) Er-Rá'ee says, قَتَلُوا ابْنِ عَفَّانَ الخَلِيفَةَ مُحْرِمًا (S,) meaning [They slew ('Othmán) Ibn-' Affán, the Khaleefeh,] while entitled to the respect due to the office of Imám and to the [sacred] city and to the [sacred] month: for he was slain [in ElMedeeneh and] in [the month of] Dhu-l-Hijjeh. (Ham p. 310.) And one says, إِنَّهُ لَمُحْرِمُ عَنْكَ Verily he is one whom it is unlawful for thee to harm: (K:) or for whom it is unlawful to harm thee: (IAar, Th:) or whom it is unlawful for thee to harm and for whom it is unlawful to harm thee. (Az, TA.) And مُسْلِمٌ مُحْرِمٌ A Muslim is secure, as to himself and his property, by the respect that is due to El-Islám: or a Muslim refrains from the property of a Muslim, and his honour, or reputation, and his blood. (TA.) b2: One who is at peace with another. (IAar, K.) b3: One who is in the حَرِيم of another. (K.) You say, هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِنَا He is in our حَرِيم. (TA.) b4: Fasting, or a faster: because the faster is prohibited from doing that which would break his fast. (TA.) b5: And, for a like reason, Swear ing, or a swearer. (TA.) مَحْرَمَةٌ and مَحْرُمَةٌ pl. مَحَارِمُ (K) and مَحْرَمَاتٌ and مَحْرُمَاتٌ: (As, S:) see each voce حُرْمَةٌ, in four places.

مُحَرَّمٌ [Forbidden, prohibited, or made un lawful: and made, or pronounced, sacred, or in violable, or entitled to reverence or respect or honour]. It is said in a trad., أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الصُّورَةَ مُحَرَّمَةُ, i. e. [Knowest thou not that the face is] forbidden to be beaten? or that it has a title to reverence or respect or honour? (TA.) b2: المُحَرَّمُ The first of the months (S, Msb, K, * TA) of the year (Msb) of the Arabs [since the age of pagan ism]; (TA;) the article ال being prefixed because it is originally an epithet; but accord. to some, it is not prefixed to the name of any other month; or, accord. to some, it may be prefixed to صفر and شوّال: (Msb:) and [in the age of paganism, the seventh month, also called] شَهْرُ اللّٰهِ الأَصَبُّ (K, TA.) [الاصبّ being app. a dial. var. of الأَصَمُّ,] i. e. رَجَبٌ; [for] Az says, the Arabs used to call the month of رَجَب in the age of paganism, الأَصَمُّ and المُحَرَّمُ; and he cites the saying of a poet, أَقَمْنَا بِهَا شَهْرَىْ رَبِيعٍ كِلَاهُمَا وَشَهْرَىْ جُمَادَى وَاسْتَحَلُّوا المُحَرَّمَا [We stayed in it during the two months of Rabeea, both of them, and the two months of Jumádà; and they made El-Moharram to be profane; app. by postponing it, as the pagan Arabs often did]: the Arabs called it thus because they did not allow fighting in it [unless they had postponed it]: (TA:) the pl. is مُحَرَّمَاتٌ (Msb, K) and مَحَارِمُ and مَحَارِيمُ. (K.) b3: See also حَرَمٌ — مُحَرَّمٌ applied to a camel means Refractory, or untractable: (TA:) [or,] thus applied, [like عَرُوضٌ, q. v.,] submissive in the middle part, [but] difficult to be turned about, [i. e. stubborn in the head,] when turned about: (K: [in the CK, الذَّلُولُ الوَسَطُ is erroneously put for الذَّلُولُ الوَسَطِ: in my MS. copy of the K, الذَّلُولُ الوَسط:]) and with ة a she-camel not broken, or not trained: (TA:) or not yet completely broken or trained: (S, TA:) and مُحَرَّمَةُ الظَّهْرِ a she-camel that is refractory, or untractable; not broken, or not trained: in this sense heard by Az from the Arabs. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) A skin not tanned: (K:) or not completely tanned: (S:) or tanned, but not made soft, and not thoroughly done. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) A new whip: (K:) or a whip not yet made soft. (S, A, TA.) b6: (tropical:) An Arab of the desert rude in nature or disposition, chaste in speech, that has not mixed with people of the towns or villages. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) The part of the nose that is soft in the hand. (K.) مَحْرُومٌ Denied, or refused, a gift: (Msb, * TA:) or denied, or refused, good, or prosperity: (Az, K:) in the Kur lxx. 25, (I' Ab, S,) [it has this latter, or a similar, meaning;] i. q. مُحَارَفٌ [q. v.]; (I' Ab, S, K;) who hardly, or never, earns, or gains, anything: (K:) or who does not beg, and is therefore thought to be in no need, and is denied: (Bd:) and who has no increase of his cattle or other property: (K:) opposed to مَزْرُوقٌ: (Az, TA:) accord. to some, who has not the faculty of speech, like the dog and the cat &c. (Har p. 378.) b2: Held in reverence, respect, or honour; reverenced, respected, or honoured; and so ↓ مُحْتَرَمٌ. (KL. [But the latter only is commonly known in this sense.]) مَحَارِمُ an anomalous pl. of حَرَامٌ, q. v.: (TA:) b2: and pl. of مَحْرَمَةٌ and مَحْرُمَةٌ: (K:) b3: and also of المُحَرَّمُ. (K.) مَحَارِيمُ a pl. of المُحَرَّمُ. (K.) مُحْتَرَمٌ [erroneously written in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag مُحْتَرِمٌ]: see مَحْرُومٌ.