فرع

1 فَرَعَ [He, or it, overtopped, or surpassed in height or tallness: this seems to be the primary signification]. It is said in a trad., يَكَادُ يَفْرَعُ النَّاسَ طُولًا (O, TA) He is, or was, near to overtopping the people, or surpassing them in tallness. (TA.) And one says, فَرَعَ فِى قَوْمِهِ i. e. طَالَ [app. meaning He surpassed in tallness among his people or party]; as also ↓ افرع. (TA.) And فَرَعَ القَوْمَ, (K,) or فَرَعْتُ قَوْمِى, (S, O,) inf. n. فَرْعٌ and فُرُوعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, superior to the people or party, (K,) or I was, or became, superior to my people or party, (S, O,) in eminence, or nobility, or in beauty, or goodliness. (S, O, K.) And فَرَعَ صَاحِبَهُ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, superior to his companion; he excelled him. (IAar, TA in art. برع.) [See also 5.] b2: And فَرَعَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَرْعٌ (TK [as is indicated in the K, and, in the former of the two senses here following, فُرُوعٌ also, said in the TA to be syn. with صُعُودٌ]), (tropical:) He (a man, O) ascended: and also he descended: thus having two contr. significations: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, it has the former meaning, and ↓ افرع has the latter meaning: (TA: [but see what follows:]) you say, فَرَعْتُ الجَبَلَ (S, TA) and فِى الجَبَلِ, (TA,) I ascended the mountain; (S, TA;) as also ↓ فَرَّعْتُهُ, (S, O, * K, *) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ: (S, O, K:) and فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ فَرَّعْتُ I descended the mountain; as also فِيهِ ↓ أَفْرَعْتُ: (S, O, K:) or, as IB says, on the authority of A 'Obeyd, فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ افرع means he ascended the mountain: and مِنْهُ ↓ افرع he descended it. (TA.) b3: And فَرَعْتُ رَأْسَهُ بِالعَصَا, (S, O, K, * TA, *) inf. n. فَرْعٌ; (O, TA;) as also قَرَعْتُهُ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْعٌ; (O;) (tropical:) I smote his head, [or assailed it, smiting,] syn. عَلَوْتُهُ (S, O, K, * TA) بِهَا (K, TA) ضَرْبًا, (TA,) [with the staff, or stick], and بِالسَّيْفِ [with the sword]. (TA.) b4: فَرَعْتُ فَرَسِى بِاللِّجَامِ, (S, O, K, *) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَرْعٌ, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) I pulled in my horse by the bridle and bit, to stop him. (S, O, K.) b5: فَرَعْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا, (S, O,) or بَيْنَهُمْ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَرْعٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I interposed, or intervened as a barrier, (S, O, K, TA,) between them two, (S, O, TA,) or between them, (K, TA,) and restrained (S, O, K, TA) them two, (S, O, TA,) or them, and made peace, or effected a reconciliation, between them: (K, TA:) and ↓ فرّع بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He made a separation, and interposed, or intervened as a barrier, between the people, or party: and hence the saying in a trad., بَيْنَ الغَنَمِ ↓ كَانَ يُفَرِّعُ i. e. He was making a separation between the sheep, or goats: IAth says that Hr has mentioned it as with ق; but, he adds, Aboo-Moosà says, it is one of his mistakes. (TA.) A2: هٰذَا أَوَّلُ صَيْدٍ فَرَعَهُ meansThis is the first object of the chase of which he shed, or has shed, the blood. (TA. [See also 4.]) b2: See also 8.

A3: فَرَعَ الأَرْضَ: see 4.

A4: فَرِعَ, [aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. فَرَعٌ, (S, O, K, TA,) He (a man) was, or became, abundant, (TA,) or free from deficiency, (S, O, K,) in respect of the hair [of the head]. (S, O, K, TA.) [See أَفْرَعُ.]2 فَرَّعَ see 1, near the middle, in two places.

A2: فَرَّعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَصْلِ مَسَائِلَ, (Msb, K, but in the latter فَرَّعَ,) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I derived, or deduced, questions, or problems, or propositions, from this fundamental axiom or principle; (Msb;) or made questions to be the فُرُوع [i. e. the branches, meaning derivatives,] of this fundamental axiom or principle: (K, TA:) a tropical phrase. (TA.) A3: See again 1, latter half, in two places.

A4: And see also 4, former half, in three places.3 فارع الرَّجُلَ He sufficed the man; and bore, or took upon himself, a responsibility for him. (TA.) 4 أَفْرَعَ see 1, in five places. b2: You say افرع بِهِم meaning He alighted at their abode [as a guest]; syn. نَزَلَ. (K.) And أَفْرَعْنَا بِفُلَانٍ فَمَا أَحْمَدْنَاهُ i. e. نَزَلْنَا بِهِ [We alighted as guests at the abode of such a one, and we did not find him to be such as should be commended]. (S, O.) b3: And افرع فى لومه [app. فِى لُؤْمِهِ] i. e. اِنْحَدَرَ [as though meaning (tropical:) He lowered himself in his meanness, or sordidness; but I suspect it to be a mistranscription]; a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: افرع الأَرْضَ He went round, or about, or round about, (S, O, K, TA,) or did so much, (S, O, TA,) in the land, (S, O, K, TA,) as also ↓ فَرَعَهَا, and ↓ فرّعها, (TA,) and consequently knew its state, or case, or circumstances. (S, O, K, TA.) A3: افرعت الإِبِلُ The camels brought forth the [firstlings, or] first offspring (الفَرَعَ). (O, K.) b2: And أَفْرَعُوا, (O,) or القَوْمُ افرع, (K,) They, (O,) or the people, or party, (K,) were, or became, persons whose camels had brought forth the first offspring. (O, K.) b3: And افرع القَوْمُ The people, or party, sacrificed the فَرَع [or firstling of a camel, or of a sheep or goat]: (S, Msb:) or افرع الفَرَعَةَ he sacrificed the فَرَعَة, (O, K,) which signifies the same as the فَرَع; (Mgh, Msb;) and so الفَرَعَةَ ↓ استفرع; (O;) or [simply] ↓ استفرع; (K;) and افرع [alone]; (O;) and ↓ فرّع, (O, K,) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ; (K;) he sacrificed the فَرَعَ; (O, K;) whence the trad., ↓ فَرِّعُوا

إِنْ شَئْتُمْ وَلٰكِنْ لَا تَذْبَحُوا غَرَاةً حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ i. e. Slaughter ye the firstling [of a camel, or of a sheep or goat], but slaughter not one that is little, whose flesh is like glue, [until it be full-grown.] (O, TA. *) b4: And [hence, perhaps,] أَفْرَعْتُهُ I made him to bleed. (Msb.) And أَفْرَعَتِ الضَّبُعُ الغَنَمَ, (O, K, TA,) so says Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA,) or فِى الغَنَمِ, so in the L, (TA,) The hyena, or female hyena, injured, and made to bleed, (O, K, TA,) or killed, and injured, (L, TA,) the sheep or goats. (O, L, K, TA.) And افرع اللِّجَامُ الفَرَسَ The bit made the mouth of the horse to bleed. (O, K. [See also 1, near the end.]) and افرع المَرْأَةَ, said of menstruating, It made the woman to bleed. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] افرع العَرُوسَ He accomplished his want in respect of the compressing of the bride. (AA, O, K. * [See also 8.]) b5: And افرعت She (a woman) saw blood on the occasion of childbirth: (O, K:) or, as some say, before childbirth: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or at the first of her menstruating: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or she menstruated: (A'Obeyd, L, TA:) or she (a woman, or a beast,) first saw blood when taken with the pains of parturition, or near to bringing forth: and افرع لَهَا الدَّمُ the blood appeared to her. (L, TA.) A4: And افرع He began, or commenced, discourse, or a narration; (K;) and so ↓ استفرع; (Sh, O, K, TA;) and ↓ افترع: (Sh, TA:) and likewise, as also ↓ استفرع, a thing. (K.) One says, بِئْسَ مَا أَفْرَعْتَ بِهِ Very evil is that with which thou hast begun, or commenced: (S, O:) and نِعْمَ مَا أَفْرَعْتَ [or أَفْرَعْتَ بِهِ] Very good is that which [or with which] thou hast begun. (Msb.) And افرع سَفَرَهُ, and حَاجَتَهُ, He began, commenced, or entered upon, his journey, and his needful affair. (TA.) And افرعوا مِنْ سَفَرِهِمْ They came, or arrived, from their journey when it was not the proper time for their coming. (TA.) b2: And افرعوا They sought after herbage in its place (اِنْتَجَعُوا) among the first, or foremost, of the people. (S, O, K.) A5: افرع أَهْلَهُ, thus in all the copies of the K, expl. as meaning كَفَلَهُمْ, and likewise in the O, is a mistranscription by Sgh, whom the author of the K has here followed: it is correctly, افرع الَوادِى أَهْلَهُ i. e. The valley sufficed its people; syn. كَفَاهُمْ. (TA.) A6: أُفْرِعَ بِسَيِّدِ بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (O, K,) with damm, (K,) means The chief of the sons of such a one was taken (O, K, TA) and slain. (TA.) 5 تفرّعت أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرِ The branches of the trees became abundant. (S, O, K. *) b2: and [hence,] تفرّع الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) [The valley branched forth]. (TA.) b3: [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce فَظِيعٌ.] b4: تَفَرَّعَتْ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَصْلِ مَسَائِلُ (O, Msb, K, TA) (tropical:) Questions, or problems, or propositions, were derived, or deduced, from this fundamental axiom or principle; (Msb;) or were made to be the فُرُوع [i. e. the branches, meaning derivatives,] thereof; (K, TA;) [they ramified therefrom;] is a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: تَفَرَّعَهُمْ (tropical:) He set upon them (O, K, TA) with reviling and the like; as in the A and L: (TA:) and he was, or became, superior to them, (O, K, TA,) in eminence, or nobility; and excelled them: (TA: [see also 1:]) or it signifies, (S, K, TA,) or signifies also, (O,) (tropical:) he married, or took to wife, the chief of their women, (S, O, K, TA,) and the highest of them: (TA:) and تَفَرَّعْتُ بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) I married among the noble and high of the sons of such a one; like تَذَرَّيْتُهُمْ and تَنَصَّيْتُهُمْ. (TA.) 8 افترع: see 4, latter half. b2: Hence, (TA,) He devirginated a maid; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ فَرَعَهَا. (K.) b3: And hence, افترع قَصِيدَةَ كَذَا (tropical:) [He broached such an ode], and مَعَانِىَ كَذَا [such meanings]: (Har p. 61:) and يَفْتَرِعُ أَبْكَارَ المَعَانِى (tropical:) [He broaches virgin meanings]. (TA, and Har ubi suprà.) 10 إِسْتَفْرَعَ see 4, former half, in two places: A2: and the same again, latter half, in two places.

فَرْعٌ The upper, or uppermost, part of anything; (S, O, Msb, K;) the فَرْع being what branches forth (يَتَفَرَّعُ) from the lower, or lowest, part thereof: (Msb:) pl. فُرُوعٌ only. (TA.) It is said in a trad. أَىُّ الشَّجَرِ أَبْعَدُ مِنَ الخَارِفِ قَالُوا فَرْعُهَا قَالَ وَكَذٰلِكَ الصَّفُّ الأَوَّلُ [What part of trees is furthest from the plucker of the fruit? they said, The uppermost part thereof; he said, And such like is the first row of the persons worshipping in the mosque]. (TA.) Thus فَرْعُ الأُذُنِ signifies The upper, or uppermost, part of the ear; (K, * MF, TA;) pl. as above. (TA.) And فُرُوعُ المُقْلَتَيْنِ The upper, or uppermost, parts of the two eyeballs. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] A branch of a tree or plant: (KL, TA:) or the head of a branch: or a great branch: and a branch of anything. (MA.) b3: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) A branch, or subdivision, or derivative, of anything that is regarded as a fundamental or a whole;] a thing that is built, or founded, upon another thing; opposed to أَصْلٌ: (K, TA:) [the pl. فُرُوعٌ, as opposed to أُصُولٌ meaning “ fundamentals,” signifies, in the conventional language of the lawyers and the men of science in general, the derivative institutes of the law, &c.: see 2:] عِلْمُ الفُرُوعِ [the science of the derivative institutes of the law] is what is commonly known by the appellation of عِلْمُ الفِقْهِ [the science of jurisprudence; because it is mainly concerned with institutes derived from fundamentals]. (Hájjee Khaleefeh.) b4: And (tropical:) The hair of a woman: pl. as above [app. used in a collective sense like the French “ cheveux ”]: (K, TA:) one says اِمْرَأَةٌ طَوِيلَةُ الفُرُوعِ [meaning (tropical:) A long-haired woman]. (TA.) And (K) (tropical:) Full [or abundant] hair. (S, O, K, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The noble, or man of eminence, of a people or party: (S, O, K, TA:) pl. as above: (TA:) one says, هُوَ فَرْعُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the noble, or man of eminence, of his people or party, (S, O, TA, *) and مِنْ فُرُوعِهِم of their nobles, &c. (TA.) b6: And [app. from the same word as signifying “ a branch of a tree,”] (assumed tropical:) A valley branching off. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A channel in which water runs to the شِعْب (K, TA) i. e. the وَادِى [here meaning the water-course in a low tract or between the two acclivities of two mountains]: (TA:) [but] in this sense its pl. is فِرَاعٌ. (K, TA.) A2: Also [or قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ] A bow that is made from the extreme portion of a branch, (As, S, O, K, TA,) from the head thereof: (As, TA:) and (K) a bow that is not [made from a branch] divided lengthwise (S, O, K, TA) is called قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ; (S, O, TA;) such as is [made from a branch] divided lengthwise being called قَوْسٌ فِلْقٌ: (S, O:) or the فَرْع is [one] of the best of bows: (AHn, K, TA:) and [this word is used as an epithet, i. e.] one says قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ and فَرْعَةٌ. (K.) A3: Also, i. e. فَرْعٌ, Property that is beneficial, or serviceable, and made ready, or prepared: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the S, it is ↓ فَرَعٌ which has this signification; but this is said by Sgh [app. in the TS], and after him by the author of the K, to be a mistake; and a verse in which it occurs with the ر quiescent is cited in the O and K as an ex. of it in this sense: it may be, however, that the poet has made the ر quiescent of necessity [by poetic license, for the sake of the metre]; or it may here [properly] signify

“ a branch,” and be metonymically used as meaning recent property. (TA.) A4: See also the next paragraph, latter half.

فَرَعٌ The firstling of the camel, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or of the sheep or goat, (L, K,) which they used to sacrifice to their gods, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) looking for a blessing thereby; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ فَرَعَةٌ signifies the same: (Mgh, Msb:) hence, (Mgh, O, K,) it is said in a trad., [implying the prohibition of this custom,] لَا فَرَعَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةٌ, (S, O, K, *) or وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ ↓ لَا فَرَعَةَ: (Mgh: [see عَتِيرَةٌ:]) or when the camels amounted to the number for which their owner wished, they sacrificed [a firstling]: (TA:) or when one's camels amounted to a complete hundred, (K, TA,) he sacrificed a he-camel thereof every year, and gave it to the people to eat, neither he nor his family tasting it, or rather, it is said, (TA,) he sacrificed a young, or youthful, he-camel to his idol: and the Muslims used to do it in the first part of ElIslám: then it was abrogated: (K, TA:) accord. to the Bári' and the Mj, the firstling of camels and also that of sheep or goats are thus called: (Msb:) the pl. [of فَرَعٌ] is فُرُعٌ, with two dammehs. (K.) It is said in a prov., أَوَّلُ الصَّيْدِ فَرَعٌ [The first of what are taken by the chase or the like is a فرع] as being likened to a firstling: so says Yezeed Ibn-Murrah. (TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 35.]) b2: The poet Ows Ibn-Hajar, (S, O,) or Bishr Ibn-Abee-Kházim, has used it as meaning The skin of a فَرَع; (S, O; *) suppressing the prefix جِلْد: (S:) for they used to clothe with its skin another young one of a camel, in order that the mother of the one sacrificed might incline to it [and yield her milk]. (O; and the like is said in the TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ فَرْعٌ, Lice: (S, K:) or, as some say, small lice: (TA:) and one thereof is termed ↓ فَرَعَةٌ and ↓ فَرْعَةٌ: (S, K:) or, accord. to some, فرعة signifies a large louse. (TA.) A3: And the former (فَرَعٌ), Food that is prepared [app. for persons invited to partake of it] on the occasion of camels' bringing forth; like as خُرْسٌ signifies such as is on the occasion of a woman's bringing forth. (TA.) b2: And A portion, or share; syn. قِسْمٌ: (O, K, TA:) accord. to some, peculiarly of water. (TA.) b3: See also فَرْعٌ, last quarter.

A4: It is also the inf. n. of فَرِعَ. (TA. [See 1, last sentence.]) فَرْعَةٌ A high, or an elevated, place of a mountain: pl. فِرَاعٌ: so in the saying, اِيْتِ فَرْعَةً مِنْ فِرَاعِ الجَبَلِ فَانْزِلْهَا [Come thou to one of the high places of the mountain and descend it]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, it signifies particularly the head of a mountain. (TA. [See also فَارِعَةٌ.]) b2: and فَرْعَةُ الجُلَّةِ The highest, or uppermost, of the dates of the [receptacle called] جُلَّة [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: And فرعة الطريق [i. e. فَرْعَةُ الطَّرِيقِ] and فرعته [sic, app. ↓ فَرَعَتُهُ,] and ↓ فَرْعَاؤُهُ and ↓ فَارِعَتُهُ all signify The highest part of the road, and the place where it ends: or the conspicuous and elevated part thereof: or ↓ فَارِعَتُهُ signifies the sides, or borders, thereof. (TA. [See also قَارِعَةُ الطَّرِيقِ.]) b4: and one says, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى فَرْعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ (tropical:) I came to him in a first part of the day. (TA.) A2: See also فَرَعٌ, latter half.

فُرْعَةٌ The blood of the virgin on the occasion of devirgination.

فَرَعَةٌ: see فَرْعَةٌ.

A2: [Also] A piece of skin that is added in the قِرْبَة [or water-skin] when the latter is not full-sized, or complete. (O, K.) A3: See also فَرَعٌ, first quarter, in two places: A4: and the same again, latter half, in one place.

A5: It is also a pl. of فَارِعٌ [q. v.]. (O, K.) فُرُوعُ الجَوْزَآءِ means The most intense degree of heat: (S, O, TA:) [or rather الفُرُوعُ is a name of a certain asterism of الجَوْزَآءُ (which is an appel-lation of Orion and of Gemini, either whereof may be here appropriately meant,) at the season of the auroral rising of which the heat becomes most intense:] Aboo-Khirásh says, وَظَلَّ لَهَا يَوْمٌ كَأَنَّ أُوَارَهُ ذَكَا النَّارِ مِنْ نَجْمِ الفُرُوعِ طَوِيلُ

[And a day continued to them, the heat whereof was as though it were the blazing of fire, from the asterism of the فُرُوعِ; a long day]: (S, * O, TA:) in the S, وَظَلَّ لَنَا; but correctly لَهَا, meaning to the she-asses: (TA:) and Aboo-Sa'eed related it as above with the unpointed ع in الفروع: (S, * TA:) in the same manner, also, it is expl. by him as used in the phrase فَيْحُ نَجْمِ الفُرُوعِ [which I would render the vehement raging of the heat of the asterism of the فروع] in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee-'Áïdh: El-Jumahee related it differently, with غ; but the فُرُوغ [or rather the فَرْغَانِ] are of the stars of Aquarius; and the season thereof [i. e. of their auroral rising] is cold; there is then no فيح. (TA.) فُرَيْعٌ, occurring [with tenween, perfectly decl.,] in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt, (O, K,) i. q. ↓ فِرْعَوْنُ, (O,) which is a proper name of such as was King of the Amalekites [or rather of the ancient Egyptians, in general], like as قَيْصَر was of the Room [or Greeks of the Lower Empire], and كِسْرَى of the Persians, (Ksh in ii.

46,) [and also] a foreign word, (Msb,) [wherefore it is imperfectly decl., in Hebr.

פַּרְעֹה, i. e. Pharaoh,] a dial. var. of فِرْعَوْنُ, or used by poetic license: (K:) the pl. of the latter is فَرَاعِنَةٌ. (Msb.) فِرْعَوْنُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فَارِعٌ [Overtopping, or surpassing in height or tallness: this seems to be the primary signification]. You say جَبَلٌ فَارِعٌ A mountain higher, or taller, than what is next to it. (S, O.) b2: and High, or tall; applied to a man, and to an extended gibbous piece of sand. (TA.) b3: and High, or elevated; goodly in form or aspect or appearance; beautiful: (Aboo-'Adnán, O, K:) or [simply] high [app. in rank or dignity]: (IAar, O:) and also low, ignoble, or mean: (IAar, O, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (O, K.) b4: And a man of the Arabs said, ↓ لَقِيتُ فُلَانًا فَارِعًا مُفْرِعًا, meaning [I met such a one] one of us ascending and the other descending. (S, O, TA.) A2: Also sing. of فَرَعَةٌ, which signifies The armed attendants, or guards, of the Sultán, or sovereign: (O, K, TA:) it is like وَازِعٌ. (TA.) فَارِعَةٌ The higher, or highest, part of a mountain [and of a valley]: one says, اِنْزِلْ بِفَارِعَةِ الوَادِى

وَاحْذَرْ أَسْفَلَهُ [Alight thou in the higher, or highest, part of the valley, and beware of its lower, or lowest, part]. (S, O.) See also فَرْعَةٌ, in two places. b2: الفَارِعَةُ مِنَ الغَنَائِمِ means The surplus that is deducted [so I render المُرْتَفِعَةُ الصَّاعِدَةُ, app. such things as cannot be divided and are therefore removed,] from the main stock of the spoils before they are divided into fifths. (TA.) b3: And فَوَارِعٌ, (pl. of فَارِعَةٌ, TA,) applied to تِلَاع, [a word variously explained, here, I think, used as signifying either high, or low, grounds, (see its sing. تَلْعَةٌ,)] (S, O, * K, *) means Of which the channels wherein the torrents flow are in high, or elevated, parts. (S, O, K.) فَيْفَرْعٌ (K, TA) and فَيْفَرَعٌ (TA) A species of trees. (K, TA.) أَفْرَعُ Free from deficiency in the hair [of the head]; (S, O, K;) contr. of أَصْلَعُ; (IDrd, S, O, K;) used only in this sense; not applied to a man who is large in the beard or in the whole head of hair: (IDrd, S, O:) the Prophet was أَفْرَع, (S, O,) and so was Aboo-Bekr, (O, K,) and 'Omar was أَصْلَع: (O:) fem. فَرْعَآءُ; (S, O, K;) accord. to IDrd, applied to a woman as meaning having much hair: (S, O:) pl. فُرْعَانٌ, (O, K,) like its contr. صُلْعَانٌ; (O;) and also فُرْعٌ. (K.) 'Omar, being asked, “Are the صُلْعَان better or the فُرْعَان,” said “ The فرعان are better,” meaning to assert the superior excellence of Aboo-Bekr over himself. (O.) b2: فَرْعَآءُ الطَّرِيقِ: see فَرْعَةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. مُوَسْوِسُ [app. as meaning Such as is subject to diabolical promptings or suggestions]: so in the trad., لَا يَؤُمَّنَّكُمُ الأَفْرَعُ [The افرع shall by no means act as your Imám]. (Nh, K, TA.) مُفْرَعٌ Anything tall. (TA.) b2: مُفْرَعُ الكَتِفِ A man broad in the shoulder-blade: (S, O, TA:) or high therein. (TA.) And كَتِفٌ مُفْرَعَةٌ A shoulder-blade high, projecting, and broad. (TA.) مُفْرِعٌ: see فَارِعٌ, last sentence but one.

مِفْرَعٌ One who interposes as a restrainer between persons [at variance], (O, K, TA,) and makes peace, or effects a reconciliation, between them: (TA:) pl. مَفَارِعُ. (S, O, K.)

لزم

1 لَزِمَهُ It necessarily, or inseparably, belonged, or pertained, or it clave, or adhered, to him, or it; as also لَزِمَ لَهُ: it (disgrace, &c.) attached to him. b2: لَزِمَهُ أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ The management of the affair, or affairs, of such a one was, or became, incumbent, or obligatory, upon him. b3: لَزِمَ شَيْئًا He kept close, clave, clave fast, clung, or held fast, to anything. (S, K, &c.) and hence, He preserved a thing: see قَنِىَ. b4: See 3. b5: لَزمَ الغَرِيمَ, and لَزِمَ بِهِ, and ↓ لَازَمَهُ, He adhered, kept, clave, clung, or held fast, to the debtor. (Msb.) b6: لَزِمَ بَيْتَهُ He kept, or clave, to his house or tent; did not quit it; was not found elsewhere. (Kull, p. 318.) b7: لَزِمَهُ المَالُ The [paying of the] money &c. behoved him, lay on him, was incumbent on him, or obligatory on him. (Msb.) 3 لَازَمَهُ He kept, confined himself, clave, clung, or held fast, to him, or it: as also ↓ لَزِمَهُ: he held on, or continued, it. See 1.4 أَلْزَمَهُ شَيْئًا signifies He necessitated him, or obliged him, to do, and to pay, &c.; or to suffer, or endure, a thing: and hence, said of God, He decreed; or appointed, or ordained, to him a thing. And He made him to cleave to a thing; and he made a thing to cleave to him. See جَدَعَ. b2: أُلْزِمَ شَيْئًا لَا يُفَارِقُهُ [He was made to cleave to a thing, not quitting it]. (K.) b3: أَلْزَمَهُ اللّٰهُ الشَّرَّ May God make evil to cleave to him: or, to attend him constantly: or decree evil to him. b4: أَلْزَمَنَاهُ طَائِرَهُ فِى عُنُقِهِ, (Kur xvii. 14,) We have decreed to him his happiness or his misery, foreseeing that he would be obedient, or disobedient: (AM, in TA, art. طير:) or we have made his works and what is decreed to him to cleave to him like the طَوْق upon his neck. (Bd.) b5: أَلْزَمَهُ البَيِّنَةَ He compelled him, or constrained him, to accept, or admit, the evidence, or proof. (Jel xi. 30.) b6: أَلْزَمَهُ المَالَ He obliged him to pay the money &c. أَلْزَمَهُ العَمَلَ He obliged him to do the deed. (Msb.) b7: أَلْزَمْتُهُ الدَّنْبَ, and الحَقَّ: see زَكَّ. b8: أَلْزِمْ نَعْلَيْكَ قَدَمَيْكَ [Keep thou thy sandals upon thy feet]. (From a trad. in the Jámi' es-Sagheer.) 8 اِلْتَزَمَ He took upon himself an affair. (KL.) You say, اِلْتَزَمَهُ He took it upon himself; charged himself with it; obliged himself to do it; became, or made himself, answerable for it by an inseparable obligation: see بَآءَ. b2: اِلْتَزَمْتُ بَالمَالِ i. q. أَلْزَمْتُ بِهِ نَفْسِى, and تَكَفَّلْتُ بَهَ, accord. to IAmb, or تَحَمَّلْتُ بِهِ, accord. to Az; (Msb in art. كفل;) I made myself answerable, responsible or accountable, by an inseparable obligation, for the property: see ضَمِنَ. b3: اِلْتَزَمَ المَالَ, and العَمَلَ, He obliged himself, or took upon himself the obligation, to pay the money &c., and to do the deed. (Msb.) b4: اِلْتَزَمَهُ He kept, or restricted himself, to it; i. e. an action, or usage, &c. b5: And It was, or became, necessary for him, or obligatory upon him, to do it, or pay it, &c.; or to suffer it, or endure it. b6: دَلَفَ لِالْتِزَامِى He hastened to take me by the hand and embrace me: see دَلَفَ. b7: اِلْتِزَامٌ i. q. لُزُومُ مَا لَا يَلْزَمُ: see below.10 اِسْتَلْزَمَهُ It necessarily required it or involved it.

لَزُومٌ One who keeps, cleaves, clings, or holds fast, much, or habitually, لِشَىْءٍ to a thing: see an ex. in the Ham, p. 238, line 21.

لُزُومُ مَا لَا يَلْزَمُ The imposing upon one's self what is not indispensable; or adhering to a mode of construction that is not necessarily to be followed: as in the following instance in the خُطْبَة of the Kámoos: وَبَلَغُوا مِنَ الْمَقَاصِدِ قَاصِيَتَهَا وَمَلَكُوا مِنَ المَحَاسِنِ نَاصِيَتَهَا.

لَازِمٌ Keeping, keeping close, cleaving, &c.; tenacious: and pertinacious. b2: لَازِمٌ A thing inseparable from another thing: pl. لَوَازِمُ. (TA.) Such as cleaves fast; inseparable: as an epthet. b3: إِسْمٌ لَازِمٌ: see جَمْعٌ, as signifying “ a plural. ”

b4: لَوَازِمُ Necessary, or inseparable, adjuncts, accompaniments, consequences, or results.

أَلْزَمُ as syn. with أَقْنَى in the prov. خَلَاؤُكَ

أَقْنَى لِحَيَائِكَ means Most preservative: see that prov. in art. خلو, and see قَنِىَ الحَيَآءَ, and لَزِمَ شَيْئًا.

صلح

1 صَلَحَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, MA, Mgh, Msb,) the well-known form, though omitted in the K, (TA,) and صَلَحَ, (MA, K, Msb,) [said by some to be] the more chaste, because agreeable with analogy, (TA,) [but the former is the more common,] inf. n. صُلُوحٌ (S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K * [in the CK الصَّلُوح is erroneously put for الصُّلُوح]) and صَلَاحٌ (S, * MA, Mgh, Msb, K *) and مَصْلَحَةٌ; (MA;) and صَلُحَ, aor. ـُ (S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K,) mentioned by Fr, on the authority of his companions, (S, TA,) but said by IDrd to be not well established, (TA,) inf. n. صَلَاحٌ and صَلَاحَةٌ, (MA,) or صَلَاحِيَةٌ; (TA;) said of a thing, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and of a man, (TA,) It, and he, was, or became, good, incorrupt, right, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; it was or became, in a good, incorrupt, sound, right, or proper, state, or in a state of order; he, or it, throve; contr. of فسد [i. e. فَسَدَ and فَسُدَ]; (MA; [and S and A and Mgh and K by implication; see صَلَاحٌ below;]) in Pers\. نيك شد; (MA;) [and ↓ استصلح signifies the same, for] صَلَاحٌ and اِسْتِصْلَاحٌ both signify in Pers\. نيك شدن. (KL.) One says, صَلَحَتْ حَالُ فُلَانٍ [The state, or condition, of such a one became good, right, or proper]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] هٰذَا أَدِيمٌ يَصْلُحُ لِلنَّعْلِ (tropical:) [This is leather that is suitable for the sandal]. (A.) And هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ يَصْلُحُ لَكَ (tropical:) This thing is suitable to thee; or fit, or meet, for thee. (S, K, * TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِصُحْبَتِكَ (tropical:) [Such a one is not fit for being thy companion]. (A.) 3 صالحهُ, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَلَاحٌ (S, Msb, K) and مُصَالَحَةٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is made fem. in a verse of Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim, (TA,) [He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: for] مُصَالَحَةٌ is the contr. of مُخَاصَمَةٌ. (Mgh.) And صالحهُ عَلَى كَذَا He made peace, or reconciliation, [or a compromise,] with him on the condition of such a thing. (MA.) and صالحهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ مَا لَهُ [He compounded with him for part of what was owed to him; he made a compromise with him on the condition of receiving part of what was due to him]; said of a creditor and debtor. (Mgh in art. ضغط.) And صَالَحْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. مُصَالَحَةٌ, I made peace, or a reconciliation, between the people, or party; syn. لَآءَمْتُ. (Msb in art. لأم. [See also 4.]) 4 اصلحهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِصْلَاحٌ, (S, A,) and quasi-inf. n. صَلَاحٌ, (L in art. لقح,) said of a man, (A, Msb,) and of God, (TA,) [and of a thing,] He, and it, made, or rendered, it, or him, good, incorrupt, right, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; constituted it, disposed it, arranged it, or qualified it, well, rightly, or properly; rectified, corrected, redressed, or reformed, it; put it into a good, incorrupt, sound, right, or proper, state; or restored it to such a state; put it to rights, or in a state of order; set it right, set it in order, ordered it, managed it well, cultured it; adjusted, dressed, or trimmed, it; prepared it properly for use; repaired, mended, amended, or improved, it; made it, or him, to thrive; contr. of أَفْسَدَهُ. (S, * K. [And so by implication in the Mgh &c.]) One says, أَصْلَحْتُ القِدْرَ بِالتَّابَلِ [I made good, qualified properly, or seasoned, (the contents of) the cooking-pot with the seeds that are used in cooking]. (Msb in art. تبل.) And أَصْلَحْتُ السِّقَآءَ بِالرُّبِّ [I seasoned the skin with rob, or inspissated juice]. (S in art. رب.) And أَصْلَحْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [in which الأَمْرَ is understood, so that the meaning is I rectified, or reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between the people, or party; or] I made peace, or I effected a rectification of affairs, an agreement, a harmony, a reconciliation, an accomodation, or an adjustment; [or I adjusted the affair;] between the people, or party. (Msb.) And سَعَى فِى إِصْلاَحِ ذَاتِ البَيْنِ [He laboured in rectifying, or improving, the bad, or the good, state of circumstances, or the disunion or union, subsisting between people]. (A.) One says also, اصلح الدَّابَّةَ, (TA,) and اصلح إِلَى الدَّابَّةِ, (T, A, Mgh, TA,) the latter because اصلح implies the meaning of أَحْسَنَ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He acted well to the beast, (T, A, TA,) and put it into a good, or right, or proper, state, or took care of it, or paid frequent attention to it. (A, TA.) and اصلح إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) He acted well to him, did good to him, or benefited him. (K, TA.) And اصلح [alone] (assumed tropical:) He did that which was good, right, or just. (Msb.) 6 تصالحا and اِصَّالَحَا &c.: see 8, in four places.7 انصلح [quasi-pass. of أَصْلَحَهُ; thus signifying It became rectified, &c.: see تَشَعَّبَ]. (K in art. شعب.) 8 اصطلحا (S, A, K) and اصتلحا, (K,) and ↓ تصالحا (S, A, K) and ↓ اِصَّالَحَا, (S, K,) [the last a var. of تصالحا,] all signify the same, (TA,) and القَوْمُ ↓ تصالح, and اصطلحوا, (Mgh,) [They two, (i. e. two persons or two parties,) and] the people, or party, made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, [each with the other, and] one with another: (Msb:) [اِصْطِلَاحٌ is the contr. of اِخْتِصَامٌ and] ↓ تَصَالُحٌ is the contr. of تَخَاصُمٌ. (Mgh.) b2: And اصطلحوا عَلَى أَمْرٍ They (a particular class of persons) agreed together, or among themselves, respecting a particular thing. (ElKhafájee, MF.) b3: [Hence,] اِصْطِلَاحٌ signifies also The agreement of a people to name a thing by any name turned from the primary application. (KT.) b4: And [as an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n., for مُصْطَلَحٌ عَلَيْهِ,] Conventional [or technical] language: and a conventional [or technical] term: opposed to [لُغَةٌ and] تَوْقِيفٌ. (Mz 1st نوع.) 10 استصلح is the contr. of استفسد: (S, L, K:) [i. e. it signifies He regarded, or esteemed, a thing good, incorrupt, right, just, or the like; as expl. in the TK; and in like manner, a man. b2: He wished, or desired, a thing to be good, incorrupt, right, just, &c.; as in the TK; and in like manner, a man. b3: And He sought to render good, incorrupt, &c. b4: And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render well affected, or obedient.]

A2: Also He sought to do good or to act well [إِلَى فُلَانٍ to such a one]. (KL.) b2: And He sought peace, or concord. (KL.) b3: And It happened well. (KL.) b4: See also 1.

صُلْحٌ a subst. from مُصَالَحَةٌ, (S, Msb, KT,) syn. with the latter; (Mgh;) masc. and fem.; (S, K;) Peace, reconciliation, or agreement, (Mgh, Msb, K, KT, TA,) after contention: and in the law it means a compact to give over, or relinquish, contention. (KT.) One says, وَقَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا صُلْحٌ (A, TA) Peace, or reconciliation, took place between them two. (TA.) [And أُخِذَ صُلْحًا It (a fortress or the like) was taken peacefully, or by surrender.] b2: Also That in respect of which there has been made a peaceful compact: or which has been taken in the way of peace. (Mgh.) b3: And A party at peace with others. (TA.) You say, هُمْ لَنَا صُلْحٌ They are [a party] at peace with us. (A, TA.) And you say also ↓ قَوْمٌ صُلُوحٌ A people, or party, who are at peace: the latter word in this case being app. an inf. n. used as an epithet. (TA. [See also صَالِحٌ.]) صَلْحٌ: see صَالِحٌ.

صَلَاحٌ an inf. n. of صَلَحَ (MA, Mgh, Msb) and of صَلُحَ: (MA:) [used as a simple subst, it signifies Goodness, incorruptness, rightness or rectitude, justness, righteousness, virtue, honesty; &c.: see 1:] contr. of فَسَادٌ; (S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ صُلُوحٌ: (K, TA: [الصَّلُوح in the CK being a mistake for الصُّلُوح:]) accord. to some, it is not used as an attribute of a prophet nor of an apostle, but only of a person inferior to these: accord. to others, however, this restriction is wrong. (MF.) b2: Also quasi-inf. n. of 4. (L in art. لقح.) b3: And [hence,] A thing that is good, and right. (Msb.) See also مَصْلَحَةٌ.

A2: صَلَاحِ, like قَطَامِ, is a name of Mekkeh; (S, A, K;) either from الصُّلْحُ or from الصَّلَاحُ; (TA;) and sometimes it is perfectly decl. [pronounced صَلَاحٌ]. (S, K.) صُلُوحٌ: see صُلْحٌ, and صَلَاحٌ: b2: and see also صَالِحٌ.

صَلِيحٌ: see what next follows.

صَالِحٌ, (MA, L, Msb, K,) from صَلَحَ; (MA;) and ↓ صَلِيحٌ, (IAar, L, K,) from صَلُحَ; (MA;) and ↓ صِلْحٌ; (K;) applied to a thing, (Msb,) and to a man, (MA,) Good, incorrupt, right, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; &c.; [see 1; contr. of فَاسِدٌ:] (MA, L, K:) pl. صُلَحَآءُ [accord. to general analogy of صَلِيحٌ, and app. applied only to rational beings, like صَالِحُونَ,] and ↓ صُلُوحٌ [q. v.; this being said by some to be a pl. of صَالِحٌ; and by others, to be originally an inf. n.; like as is said of شُهُودٌ]. (L.) One says رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ فِى نَفْسِهِ [A man good, incorrupt, &c., in himself], مِنْ قَوْمٍ صُلَحَآءَ [of a people good, incorrupt, &c.]. (L.) And هُوَ عَلَى حَالَةٍ صَالِحَةٍ [He is in a good, right, or proper, state or condition]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] صَالِحٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Suitable, fit, or meet: so in the saying, هُوَ صَالِحٌ لِلْوِلَايَةِ (assumed tropical:) [He is fit for the office of prefect, or the like]. (Msb.) b3: And (tropical:) Much, copious, or frequent: one says مَطْرَةٌ صَالِحَةٌ (tropical:) A copious rain. (Yaakoob, L, TA.) And hence the saying of IJ, أُبْدِلَتِ التَّآءُ مِنَ الوَاوِ إِبْدَالًا صَالِحًا, meaning (tropical:) [ت is substituted for و] frequently. (TA.) b4: The ا in صَالِحٌ is [often] omitted in writing [though not in pronunciation] when it is used as a proper name [so that the name is written صلح, or more properly صٰلِحٌ]. (Durrat el-Ghowwás in De Sacy's Anthol. Gram. Ar. p. 66 of the Arabic text.) صَالِحَةٌ [a subst. from صَالِحٌ, made so by the affix ة; A good deed or action; an act of beneficence; a benefit]. One says, لَا تُعَدُّ صَالِحَاتُهُ [His good deeds, or beneficent actions, are not to be numbered]. (A, TA.) And أَتَتْنِى صَالِحَةٌ مِنْ فُلَانٍ

[A benefit came to me from such a one]. (TA.) اِصْطِلَاحٌ [for مُصْطَلَحٌ عَلَيْهِ: see 8, last sentence].

اِصْطِلَاحِىٌّ Conventional [or technical] language: opposed to [لُغَوِىٌّ and] تَوْقِيفِىٌّ. (Mz 1st نوع.) مُصْلِحٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. One says, رَجُلٌ مُصْلِحٌ فِى أُمُورِهِ وَأَعْمَالِهِ [A man who does well, rightly, justly, or properly, in his affairs and his actions]. (L.) مَصْلَحَةٌ A cause, a means, or an occasion, of good; a thing, an affair, or a business, conducive to good, or that is for good; [and hence it may often be rendered simply an affair, when the context shows it to mean what is conducive to good or done for a good purpose;] contr. of مَفْسَدَةٌ; (S and Msb and K in art. فسد;) a good, right, or virtuous, affair; (KL;) a thing that is good and right; syn. ↓ صَلَاحٌ [q. v.]: pl. مَصَالِحُ. (S, A, Msb, K.) One says, نَظَرَ فِى مَصالِحِ النَّاسِ [He considered the things that were for the good of the people]. (A, TA.) And هُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [They are of the people who occupy themselves in the things conducive to evil, not the things conducive to good]. (A, TA. *) And فِى الأَمْرِ مَصْلَحَةٌ In the affair is that which is good: (Msb:) [or a cause of good.] and رَأَى الإِمَامُ المَصْلَحَةَ فِى كَذَا The Imám saw what was good and right [or what was conducive to good] in such a thing. (TA.) b2: It is also an inf. n. of صَلَحَ. (MA.) مُتَصَلَّحٌ A place, of a garment [&c.], that is to be repaired, or mended; syn. مُتَرَدَّمٌ. (T in art. ردم.)

خطف

1 خَطِفَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. خَطْفٌ; (S, TA;) this is the approved form of the verb; (T, S;) and خَطَفَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above; (Msb;) a form of the verb mentioned by Akh, (S,) but this is rare, (S, K,) or (K) bad, (S, K,) scarcely, or not at all, known; (S;) and ↓ اختطفهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ تخطّفهُ; (S Msb, TA;) He seized it; or took it, or carried it off, by force: (S, K:) or he did so quickly; snatched it away: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) and ↓ خطّف has been said to imply repetition of the action [unless it be a variation of اختطف as in a case mentioned below]; but this is strange, and not known on any other authority than that of the “ Akáneem et-Taaleem ” by El-Khuweiyee, a disciple of El-Fakhr Er-Rázee. (MF, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxix. 67], وَيُتَخَطَّفُ ↓ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ CCC [And men are carried off by force from around them]. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] هٰذَا سَيْفٌ يَخْطَفُ الرَّأْسَ (tropical:) [This is a sword that will strike off the head]. (TA.) b3: And خَطِفَ البَصَرَ and خَطَفَهُ, said of lightning, (K,) and of a ray of light, and of a [glistening] sword, and of any polished body, (TA,) (tropical:) It took away the sight: (K, TA:) and ↓اُخْتُطِفَ بَصَرُهُ (tropical:) His sight was suddenly taken away. (M and K in art. ملس.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 19], يَكَادُ البَرْقُ يَخْطَفُ أَبْصَارَهُمْ (tropical:) [The lightning almost taketh away their sight, lit. sights]: (TA:) Yoo read يَخْطِفُ ابصارهم; (S, TA;) and so did Aboo-Rejà and Mujáhid: and some read ↓يِخِطِّفُ, and ↓يَخَطِّفُ, originally يَخْتَطِفُ, accord. to the opinion of the Basrees, disputed by Fr, but confirmed by Zj. (TA.) b4: And خَطِفَ السَّمْعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S,) said of a devil, (tropical:) He stole [an opportunity of] hearing [the speech of the angels, from the confines of the lowest Heaven; or snatched it]; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓اختطفهُ: (K:) the two verbs being like نَزَعَهُ and اِنْتَزَعَهُ. (Sb, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxxvii. 10], ↓إِلَّا مَنْ خَطِفَ الخَطْفَةَ (tropical:) Except him who steals the [opportunity of] hearing: (TA:) or who snatches unawares and by stealth, (Bd,) or hears and snatches, (Jel,) the speech of the angels: (Bd, Jel:) EL-Hasan read ↓ الّا من خَطَّفَ الخطفة, originally اخْتَطَفَ: (S, TA:) and another reading, ascribed to him and others, is ↓خِطِّفَ; but this is very weak. (TA.) b5: خَطِفَ, aor. ـَ and خَطَفَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. خَطَفَانٌ; (K;) thus in all the copies of the K, but correctly خَطْفٌ, as in the L; (TA;) said of a camel, (assumed tropical:) He went along quickly. (K, TA.) and مَرَّ يَخْطَفُ خَطْفًا مُنْكَرًا (assumed tropical:) He went along at a quick rate [such as was deemed strange, or disapproved]. (TA.) And خَطِفَتِ السَّفِينَةُ, and خَطَفَت, (assumed tropical:) The ship sailed, or voyaged: you say, خَطِفَتِ اليَوْمَ مِنْ عُمَانَ (assumed tropical:) She sailed,. or voyaged, to-day, from 'Omán. (TA.) 2 خَطَّفَ see 1, first sentence.4 اخطف بِالأَمْرِ He said, Seize thou this [thing], O man; or take it, or carry it off, by force; or snatch it away. (Sgh.) A2: أَخْطَفَ لِى مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَكَتَ, inf. n. إِخْطَافٌ, (assumed tropical:) He cut short somewhat of his discourse, or narrative, which he had begun to me, on some other thing's occurring to his mind, and was silent. (TA.) b2: أَخْطَفَتْهُ الحُمَّى, (Lh, O, TA,) or أَخْطَفَتْ عَنْهُ, (JK,) or b3: اِخْتَطَفَتْهُ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) The fever left him, or quitted him. (Lh, JK, O, K.) b4: اخطفهُ المَوْتُ (assumed tropical:) [Death missed him by a little;] he escaped death by a little. (JK.) And اخطف الرَّمِيَّةَ (assumed tropical:) He missed the animal at which he shot or cast, (JK, S, K,) nearly hitting it: (JK:) and in like manner, الشَّىْءَ the thing. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) And He captured, or caught, the animal at which he shot or cast; expl. by إِذَا كَانَ يَصِيدُهَا [perhaps a mistranscription for يُصِيبُهَا, and, if so, meaning he hit]. (JK.) And اخطف said of an arrow, (assumed tropical:) [It missed: or it fell upon the ground, and then glided along upon the ground to the butt, or object of aim: (see خَاطِفٌ:) and] it went straight. (TA.) b5: اخطف said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He became affected with a slight sickness, and then speedily recovered. (TA.) b6: أِخْطَافُ الحَشَا i. q. اِنْطِوَآؤُهُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) The state of being lean, or lank, in the belly: see مُخْطَفٌ]. (S, TA.) الأِخْطَافُ in horses is a fault: it is (assumed tropical:) The contr. of الاِنْتِفَاخُ: AHeyth says that it is, in horses, (assumed tropical:) smallness of the جَوْف [here meaning the belly, or abdomen]. (TA.) 5 تَخَطَّفَ see 1, in two places.6 تخاطفوا الكُرَةَ بَيْنَهُمْ [They contended together in snatching away the ball] with the goffsticks. (K * and TA in art. جحف.) 8 اختطف; and its variations خَطَّفَ and خِطِّفَ; and يِخِطِّفُ and يَخِطِّفُ, variations of its aor.: see 1, in seven places. b2: كَأَنَّهُ يَخْتَطِفُ فِى

مَشْيِهِ عُنُقَهُ, said of a swift camel, means As though he were straining, or stretching, (يَجْتَذِبُ,) in his going along, his neck. (S.) A2: See also 4.

خُطْفٌ (assumed tropical:) A slight disease; as also ↓ خَطْفَةٌ. (JK.) b2: مَا مِنْ مَرَضٍ إِلَّا وَلَهُ خُطْفٌ (assumed tropical:) There is no disease but there is for it a cure. (JK, K.) b3: خُطْفٌ and ↓ خُطُفٌ (assumed tropical:) Leanness; or lankness of the belly: and (assumed tropical:) lightness of the flesh of the side. (TA) خُطُفٌ: see what next precedes. b2: بِهِ خُطُفٌ (assumed tropical:) In him (namely, a man, JK) is madness, or diabolical possession; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ خُطَّفٌ: but this latter may be either a pl., like ضُرَّبٌ [pl. of ضَارِبٌ], or a sing. (TA.) خَطْفَةٌ A single act of seizing; or, of taking, or carrying off, by force: (TA:) or, of doing so quickly; of snatching away. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, [in a trad.,] accord. to one reading, نَهَى عَنْ كُلِّ ذِى خَطْفَةٍ, meaning He prohibited the prey of whatever snatches away the prey, and goes away with it, not withholding it for its owner: or, as some say, what snatches away with its talon, or claw: but the reading commonly known is, نَهَى عَنِ الخَطْفَةِ: (Mgh:) and الخَطْفَةُ signifies what the wolf, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or the like, (Msb,) snatches away, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) of the limbs, or members, of a living sheep or goat, (Mgh, TA,) or of a living animal; (Msb;) or what the dog snatches away from the limbs, or members, of the animal of the chase, of flesh &c., while the animal is alive: (Mgh, TA:) or the limb, or member, which the beast or bird of prey seizes, or carries off by force, or which a man cuts off, from the beast that is alive: (K, TA:) for whatever is separated from the living animal, (Mgh, TA,) of flesh or fat, (TA,) is carrion, (Mgh, TA,) unlawful to be eaten: the prohibition originated from the Prophet's finding, when he came to El-Medeeneh, that the people loved and ate the humps of camels and the tails of sheep: (TA:) the reading الخَطَفَة, of the measure فَعَلَة, with fet-h to the medial radical letter, as pl. of خَاطِفٌ, is a mistake. (Mgh.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A single suck of a small quantity of milk quickly taken by a child from the breast. (TA.) b3: For its meaning in the Kur xxxvii. 10, see 1. b4: See also خُطْفٌ.

خَطَفَى (assumed tropical:) Quickness in pace or going, (S, K,) of a camel, as though he were straining, or stretching, his neck, in going along; (S; [see 8;]) as also ↓ خَيْطَفَى, (K,) and ↓ خَيْطَفٌ. (JK, TA.) b2: See also the last of these words below.

خَطِيفٌ: see خَيْطَفٌ.

خَطِيفَةٌ The act of seizing, or carrying off by force; or, of snatching away at unawares. (TA.) A2: Flour sprinkled upon milk, (S,) or flour upon which milk is sprinkled, (JK, K,) then cooked, (JK, S, K,) and licked, or eaten with the finger, (S, K,) and snatched up with spoons: (K:) IAar says that it is [what is called] جَبُولَآءُ [a word I have not found in any other instance]: (S:) or, with the Arabs, it is a food made with milk (لَبَنِيَّةٌ), which is heated, then flour is sprinkled upon it, and then it is cooked, and people lick it, or eat it with the finger, snatching it up hastily. (Az, TA.) خُطَّفٌ: see خُطُفٌ.

الخَطَّافُ [lit. He that is wont to seize, &c.: and particularly (assumed tropical:) he that is wont to snatch, or steal, opportunities of hearing the speech of the angels, from the confines of the lowest Heaven: and hence.] applied in a trad. to (assumed tropical:) the Devil, or Satan: (S, TA:) or, as some say, it is in this instance ↓ الخُطَّافُ, as pl. of خَاطِفٌ, [and therefore meaning (assumed tropical:) the devils,] or as being likened to the hooked iron called خُطَّاف. (TA.) b2: أَبُو الخَطَّافِ a surname of The حِدَأَة [or kite]. (TA in art. حدأ.) خُطَّافٌ [The swallow; thus called in the present day;] a certain bird, (JK, S, Mgh,) well known; (JK, Mgh;) a certain black bird; (K;) the عُصْفُور [or passerine bird] which the common people call عُصْفُورُ الجَنَّةِ [the عصفور of Paradise]: pl. خَطَاطِيفُ. (ISd, TA.) [See also خُشَّافٌ.] b2: The bent, or crooked, piece of iron which is on each side of the sheave of a pulley, and in which is the pin whereon the sheave turns: (As, * JK, S, K:) it confines the sheave on each side: (TA:) that which is of wood is termed قَعْوٌ. (As, TA.) Also (S [in the K “ or ”]) Any crooked, or hooked, iron: (S, K, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) [An iron hook: a grapple: a grapnel: and the like.] The خُطَّافَانِ of a bit are The two bent pieces of iron in the مِسْحَل and the شَكِيمَة, on the right and left. (IDrd in his “ Book on the Saddle and Bridle. ”) And خَطَاطِيفُ signifies (tropical:) The claws, or talons, of a beast or bird of prey; (S, TA;) as being likened to a hooked iron. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A wicked thief: so in the saying of Abu-nNejm, وَاسْتَصْحَبُوا كُلَّ عِمٍ أُمِّىِّ مِنْ كُلِّ خُطَّافٍ وَأَعْرَابِىِّ (assumed tropical:) [And they took as companions every blind illiterate man, of every wicked thief and Arab of the desert]. (TA.) يَا ابْنَ خُطَّافٍ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) O son of a wicked thief] was said by a woman to Jereer, in derision. (TA.) b4: See also the paragraph next preceding this. b5: (assumed tropical:) A mark made with a hot iron upon a camel, like the خُطَّاف of the sheave of a pulley. (JK, L, K. *) b6: (assumed tropical:) The part, of a horse, which is the place of the heel of the rider. (JK.) A2: Also pl. of خَاطِفٌ. (TA. See الخَطَّافُ.) خَاطِفٌ [act. part. n. of 1, Seizing, &c.]: pl. خُطَّافٌ. (TA.) b2: الخَاطِفُ The wolf; (JK, S, K;) because he seizes, or carries off by force, his prey. (TA.) b3: خَاطِفُ ظِلِّهِ A certain bird, (JK, S, K,) said by Ibn-Selemeh to be called الرَّفْرَافُ; (S, [so in three copies, not رَقْرَاق as in Freytag's Lex.,] TA;) that sees its shadow, and thinks it to be a bird; (JK;) or when it sees its shadow in the water, it advances to it to seize it, (S, L, K,) thinking it to be a prey: (L, TA:) [see خَيَالٌ:] it is one of the birds of the deserts, and is [said to be] thus called because of the swiftness with which it pounces down; it is green, or of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour, (أَخْضَرُ,) in the back; white in the belly; long in the wings, and short in the neck: (Msb in art. لعب:) also called مُلَاعِبُ ظِلِّهِ. (S and Msb in that art.) b4: بَرْقٌ خَاطِفٌ (tropical:) Lightning that takes away the sight. (JK, S, * TA. *) b5: سَهْمٌ خَاطِفٌ (assumed tropical:) An arrow that falls upon the ground, and then glides along upon the ground to the butt, or object of aim; as though snatching something from the ground: pl. خَوَاطِفُ: (Ham p. 573:) or خَوَاطِفُ signifies arrows that miss; for مُخْطِفَاتٌ. (TA.) خَيْطَفٌ, (K,) or ↓ خَطِيفٌ, (S, [so in my copies,]) (assumed tropical:) A quick, or swift, camel; (S, K, TA;) as though he strained, or stretched, his neck, in going along: (S: [see 8:]) and the former, (assumed tropical:) a camel of the [excellent and swift] kind called مَهَارِىّ: pl. خَيَاطِفُ. (TA.) b2: خَيْطَفٌ, (TA,) or ↓ خَطَفَى, (JK,) [as meaning (assumed tropical:) Quick,] is also applied to [the pace termed] عَنَقٌ; (JK, TA;) and so ↓ خَيْطَفَى. (JK.) b3: See also خَطَفَى.

خَيْطَفَى: see خَطَفَى: b2: and see also خَيْطَفٌ.

خَاطُوفٌ A thing like a reaping-hook, which is tied to a snare, and by which the gazelle is caught. (JK, O, L, K.) أَخْطَفُ الحَشَا: see what next follows.

مُخْطَفُ الحَشَا, applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) Lean, or lank, in the part of the belly that is behind the place of the girth: (S:) and مُخْطَفٌ [alone] is applied to a man [in a similar sense]; as also ↓ مَخْطُوفٌ: (TA:) and مُخْطَفُ البَطْنِ (assumed tropical:) lean, or lank, in the belly; syn. مُنْطَوِيهِ; (Lth, K;) applied to a camel, and to an ass: (Lth, TA:) and الحَشَا ↓ أَخْطَفُ and ↓ مَخْطُوفُهُ, applied to a man, [signify the same,] (tropical:) i. q. ضَامِرُهُ. (TA.) مِخْطَفٌ (tropical:) A sword that takes away the sight by its glistening. (TA.) مَخْطُوفٌ: see مُخْطَفُ الحَشَا, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) A camel branded with a mark like the خُطَّاف of the sheave of a pulley. (JK, L, K.)

خرق

1 خَرَقَهُ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Mgh, Msb, K) and خَرُقَ, (K,) the former of which is the more chaste, (TA,) inf. n. خَرْقٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, KL,) He made a hole in it, perforated it, pierced it, or bored it; (Msb, * KL;) syn. جَابَهُ [in this sense, as well as in another to be explained below], (K, [in the CK, erroneously, جاءَ بهِ,]) and ثَقَبَهُ: (TA:) and he cut it [so as to make a hole or a slit in it]: (Msb:) and he rent it, or tore it. (JK, K, KL.) You say, خَرَقَ الثَوْبَ, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) aor. ـِ [and خَرُقَ], inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) He [made a hole in, or] rent, or tore, the garment, or piece of cloth; (JK, K;) and الخُفَّ [the boot]; and the like. (Mgh.) And خَرَقَ الصَّخْرَةَ He made a hole in the rock; syn. جَابَهُ. (A in art. جوب.) [And خَرَقَ الحَائِطَ He made a hole in, or through, the wall: see خَرْقٌ, below.] And خَرَقَهُ بِالمِثْقَبِ He made a hole in it or through it, perforated it, pierced it, or bored it, with a drill or the like; syn. ثَقَبَهُ. (Msb in art. ثقب.) خَرَقَ السَّفِينَةَ [He made a hole in the ship], in the Kur xviii. 70, means that he did so by taking out, from the ship, with an axe, (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) a plank, (Jel,) or two planks. (Ksh, Bd.) b2: [Hence,] خَرَقَ الأَرْضَ, (JK, S, Msb,) or المَفَازَةَ, (Mgh, K, *) (tropical:) He traversed, crossed, or cut through by journeying, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the earth, or land, (JK, S, Msb,) or the desert; (Mgh, K;) syn. قَطَعَهَا; (JK, Mgh, K; *) or جَابَهَا; (S, Msb;) so as to reach the furthest part thereof. (Mgh, TA.) [See also 8.] It is said in the Kur [xvii. 39], إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَخْرِقَ الأَرْضَ, meaning, For thou shalt not reach the extremities of the earth: or, accord. to Az, thou shalt not traverse the earth in length and breadth: (TA:) or it means thou shalt not bore through the earth, (Jel, TA,) so as to reach the end thereof: (Jel:) or thou shalt not make a hole in the earth by thy vehement treading: (Ksh, Bd:) accord. to one reading, لن تَخْرُقَ. (Ksh, TA.) b3: [and خَرَقَتِ الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind passed along: and (assumed tropical:) blew: for] the inf. n. خَرْقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the passing of the wind: and (assumed tropical:) the blowing thereof. (KL.) [See also 7 and 8.] b4: خَرَقَ الكَذِبَ (tropical:) He forged, or feigned, the lie; as also ↓اخترقهُ. (K, TA.) It is said in the Kur vi. 100, وَخَرَقُوا لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ, i. e. (tropical:) And they have feigned Him to have, or falsely attributed to Him, sons and daughters. (Ksh, Bd, Jel. [See also 2.]) And خَرَقَ [alone, the object being understood], (K,) inf. n. as above, (KL,) signifies (tropical:) He lied; told a lie: (K, KL, TA:) and ↓ تخرّق (tropical:) he forged, or feigned, a lie. (S, K, TA.) A2: خَرِقَتِ الشَّاةُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. خَرَقٌ, The sheep had in its ear a خَرْق, i. e. a round hole or perforation. (Msb.) A3: خَرِقَ فِى

البَيْتِ, aor. ـَ (JK, K,) inf. n. خُرُوقٌ, (JK,) or خَرَقٌ; (TK;) and خَرَقَ, inf. n. خُرُوقٌ; (K;) He remained in the house, or tent, not quitting it. (JK, * K.) b2: And خَرِقَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. خَرَقٌ, said of a gazelle, or young gazelle, (Msb, K, TA,) when hunted, (TA,) or when overtaken by the dog, (IAar,) It was frightened, (Msb, K, TA, [in the CK, اَنْ يَعْرَقَ is erroneously put for أَنْ يَفْرَقَ,]) so as to be unable to go away, (Msb,) or so as to be unable to rise, (K, TA,) and clave to the ground: (IAar, TA:) and in like manner said of a bird, (Msb, K,) it became frightened, (K,) or impatient, (TA,) so as to be unable to fly away. (K, TA.) b3: And hence, (Msb,) the same verb, (S, Msb, K,) with the same aor. , (Msb, K,) and the same inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) said of a man, (Msb,) He became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or he became bereft of his reason or intellect, because of fear, or of shame: (S, Msb, K:) or he was confounded, perplexed, or amazed, [for يَتَهَيَّبَ in the CK, I read يَبْهَتَ, as in other copies of the K and in the TA,] opening his eyes, and looking: (K, TA:) and he remained confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of anxiety, or of hardship, or distress. (TA.) وَقَعَ فَخَرِقَ [He fell down and clave to the ground], occurring in a trad, means he fell down dead. (TA.) A4: خَرِقَ, aor. ـَ (JK, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. خَرَقٌ; (S, Msb, K; *) and خَرُقَ, aor. ـُ (JK, K,) [of which خُرْقٌ, said in the S and Msb to be a simple subst., may be the inf. n., like as حُسْنٌ is of حَسْنَ;] He was rough, ungentle, clumsy, or awkward, (S, Msb, K,) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) and he was unskilful in work, and in the management of affairs: and he was foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding: (K:) or he was ignorant: (JK:) or the latter verb signifies he knew not his work with his hand, or his handicraft. (Msb.) and خَرُقَ بِالشَّىْءِ He was ignorant of the thing, (K, TA,) and did it not well. (TA.) 2 خرّقه, (S, Msb,) inf. n. تَخْرِيقٌ, (Msb, K,) is similar to خَرَقَهُ, but has an intensive signification; [He made holes in it; perforated it, pierced it, or bored it, in several, or many, places: he cut it so as to make holes or slits in it:] (Msb:) he rent it, or tore it, much, or in several, or many, places: (K, TA:) namely, a garment, (S, TA,) &c. (TA.) b2: And خرّق, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He lied much. (K, TA.) Aboo-Jaafar and Náfi' read, [in the Kur vi. 100,] وَخَرَّقُوا لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ (assumed tropical:) [And they have very falsely attributed to Him sons and daughters]. (TA. [See also 1.]) 4 اخرقهُ He (a man, S) caused him to be confounded, or perplexed, so that he was unable to see his right course; or caused him to be bereft of his reason, or intellect. (S, K.) 5 تخرّق quasi-pass. of خَرَّقَ; [thus signifying It had holes made in it; became perforated, pierced, or bored, in several, or many, places: it became cut so as to have holes or slits made in it: it became rent, or torn, much, or in several, or many, places:] (S, * K:) as also ↓ انخرق; (K;) [or rather the latter, as is indicated in the S, is quasi-pass. of خَرَقَ, and thus signifies it had a hole made in it; became perforated, pierced, or bored: it became cut so as to have a hole or slit made in it: it became rent, or torn:] and ↓اخرورق signifies the same [as the former or as the latter]: all said of a garment [&c.]: (S:) and ↓ انخرق signifies also it became wide, or expanded. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] تخرّق فِى السَّخَآءِ (tropical:) He took a wide, or an ample, range, or was profuse, in liberality, bounty, or munificence; syn. توسّع. (S, K, TA.) b3: See also 1, in the middle of the paragraph. b4: And see what next follows, in two places.7 إِنْخَرَقَ see 5, in two places. b2: انخرقتِ الرِّيحُ (tropical:) The wind blew [app. in any manner, (see مُنْخَرَق,) or] irregularly; not in one uniform manner: (TA:) [and ↓تخرّفت app. signifies the same: for you say,] بَلَدٌ وَاسِعٌ تَنْخَرِقُ بِهِ الرِّيَاحُ [(assumed tropical:) A wide country in which the winds blow, or blow irregularly]: (El-Muärrij, TA:) and فِيهَا الرِّيَاحُ ↓ أَرْضٌ وَاسِعَةٌ تَتَخَرَّقُ [app. meaning, in like manner, (assumed tropical:) A wide land in which the winds blow, &c.]. (S, K.) 8 اخترق (tropical:) He, or it, passed through, or over, or across. (Mgh, K, * TA.) [See also 1, in the former half of the paragraph.] (tropical:) He traversed, or crossed, (Mgh, TA,) a desert, (Mgh,) or a land, (TA,) not following a road. (Mgh, TA.) [(assumed tropical:) He travelled a road: see an ex. voce ثُغْرَةٌ.] (tropical:) He made a mosque, (Mgh, TA,) and a house, (TA,) to be his way, or thoroughfare. (Mgh, TA.) Hence, اخترق الحِجْرَ (assumed tropical:) He entered into the midst of the حِجْر [q. v.], without going around the حَطِيم. (Mgh.) And الخَيْلُ تَخْتَرِقُ مَابَيْنَ القُرَى وَالأَرْضِ (tropical:) The horses, or horsemen, pass through the midst of the intervening spaces of the towns, or villages, and the land. (TA.) And اِخْتَرَقْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I stepped into the midst of the people, or party. (TA.) And الرَّيحُ تَخْتَرِقُ الأَشْجَارَ (assumed tropical:) [The wind passes, or blows, through the trees.] (JK.) اِخْتِرَاقُ الرِّيَاحِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The passing [or blowing] of the winds. (S.) [See also 1, in the middle of the paragraph; and see 7.] b2: اخترق الكَذِبَ: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.12 إِخْرَوْرَقَ see 5.

خَرْقٌ, originally an inf. n., of 1: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) A hole, or perforation, (Mgh, Msb, KL,) in a garment, (S, TA,) and in a wall, (Msb, TA,) &c.: (Msb:) and a round hole, or perforation, in the ear of a sheep: (S, Msb:) pl. خُرُوقٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) Hence the saying, اِتَّسَعَ الخَرْقُ عَلَى الرَّاقِعِ [The hole was, or became, wide to the patcher]. (TA.) b2: And A part that has a hole made in it, or that is rent, or torn, of, or from, a thing. (TA.) b3: Also A desert; and so ↓ مَخْرَقٌ: (K:) or the former, a desert far extending, (JK, TA,) whether level or not level: and ↓ the latter, a wide desert in which the winds [blow, or] blow irregularly: (TA:) and the former, (El-Muärrij, K,) as also ↓ خَرْقَآءٌ, (K,) signifies likewise a wide land, (K,) or a wide country, (El-Muärrij,) in which the winds [blow, or] blow irregularly: (El-Muärrij, K: [see 7:]) ISh says, the space between El-Basrah and Hafr Abee-Moosà is a خَرْق, and that between En-Nibáj and Dareeyeh is a خَرْق: (TA:) pl. خُرُوقٌ. (K.) You say also خَوْقَآءُ ↓ مَفَازَةٌ خَرْقَآءُ A farextending desert. (TA.) And قَطَعْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ أَرْضًا

↓ خَرْقَآءَ and ↓ خَرُوقًا [We have traversed, in journeying to you, a wide land, or a wide land in which the winds blow, &c.]. (TA.) A2: Also A certain plant, resembling the قُسْط [q. v.], (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) having leaves. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád.) خُرْقٌ a subst. from خَرِقَ, (S, Msb,) [or perhaps inf. n. of خَرُقَ as syn. with خَرِقَ, (see 1, last two sentences,)] and ↓ خُرُقٌ, (TA,) Roughness, ungentleness, clumsiness, or awkwardness; contr. of رِفْقٌ; (JK, S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, TA;) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) unskilfulness in work, and in the management of affairs: foolishness; stupidity; or unsoundness, or deficiency, in intellect or understanding; as also ↓ خُرْقَةٌ: (K:) and ignorance. (TA.) [Hence,] نَوْمَةُ الخُرْقِ The sleep of [the time of morning called] the ضُحَى. (Har p. 223. [See also حُمْقٌ and خُلُقٌ.]) A2: The first of these words is also pl. of أَخْرَقُ and of [its fem.] خَرْقَآءُ. (K.) A3: Also The she-camel's vulva. (JK.) خِرْقٌ and ↓ خِرِّيقٌ (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِخْرَاقٌ: (IAar, K:) or ↓ the second signifies very liberal or bountiful &c.: (K: [so in a later part of the art.:]) or this and the first signify one who takes a wide, or an ample, range, or is profuse, in liberality or bounty &c.: (TA:) or a youth, or young man, (JK,) excellent, or elegant, in mind, manners, address, speech, person, and the like; or clever, or ingenious; with liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity, (Lth, JK, K,) and courage: (Lth, JK:) and a goodly youth or young man, [for الفَتِىُّ in the CK, I read الفَتَى, as in other copies of the K,] of generous disposition: (K:) the pl. (of خِرْقٌ, TA) is أَخْرَاقٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (K) and خُرَاقٌ, or خُرَّاقٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K, [both anomalous, and perhaps it is خِرَاقٌ, agreeably with analogy,]) and خُرُوقٌ; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ خِرِّيقٌ is خِرِّيقُونَ; no broken pl. of it having been heard. (T, TA.) One says also, الكَفِّ بِالنَّوَالِ ↓ هُوَ مَتَخَرِّقُ (tropical:) [He has a liberal hand, largely beneficent]. (TA.) and الكّفِّ بِالنَّوَالِ ↓ هُوَ مَخْرُوقُ (tropical:) He is liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous. (TA. [But see مَخْرُوقٌ below.]) b2: خِرْقٌ is also applied to a spear, meaning (assumed tropical:) Highly esteemed or prized; excellent; or rare. (TA.) خَرُقٌ: see أَخْرَقُ.

خَرِقٌ [part. n. of خَرِقَ, q. v.:] A young gazelle weak in the legs, (K, TA,) cleaving to the ground, and not rising: (TA:) a gazelle, or young gazelle, (K, TA,) when hunted, (TA,) frightened, so as to be unable to rise: (K, TA:) and in like manner a bird (K, TA) frightened, (K,) or impatient, (TA,) so as to be unable to fly away: (K, TA:) fem. with ة. (K.) b2: And [hence,] A man (Msb) confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or bereft of his reason or intellect, by reason of fear, or of shame: (S, Msb, K:) or confounded, perplexed, or amazed, opening his eyes, and looking. (K, TA.) See also أَخْرَقُ.

A2: Also Ashes: because they remain [cleaving to the ground] while the people thereof go away. (K.) خُرُقٌ: see خُرْقٌ.

خُرْقَةٌ: see خُرْقٌ.

خِرْقَةٌ A piece, (S, Msb, K,) or piece torn off, (TA,) of a garment, or of cloth; [a rag;] pl. خِرَقٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) b2: [A ragged, patched, garment: and particularly one worn by a devotee; also called مُرَقَّعَةٌ, q. v.: but this is probably postclassical. Hence, أَصْحَابُ الخِرَقِ The devotees.]

b3: (tropical:) A portion of a swarm of locusts, (K, TA,) less than a رِجْل; as also حِزْقَةٌ. (TA.) خَرُوقٌ: see the next paragraph: b2: and see also خَرْقٌ.

خَرِيقٌ A womb rent by the fœtus, and that consequently does not conceive (K, TA) afterwards; (TA;) [of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ;] as also ↓ مُتَخَرِّقَةٌ. (K.) b2: And A she-camel whose womb has been rent. (JK.) Applied to a well (بِئْر), it signifies الَّتِى

كُسِرَ جِبْلَتُهَاعَنِ المَآءِ: (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, K:) [in the CK جَبَلَتُها: neither of these readings affords an admissible meaning: the right reading I believe to be جِيلُهَا; and the meaning, Of which the side, or lateral part, is broken, from the water upwards:] pl. خَرَائِقُ (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA) and خُرُقٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA, [the latter erroneously written in the CK خُرُوْقٌ,]) like سَفَائِنُ and سُفْنٌ. (TA.) b3: A channel of water that is not deep, and not without trees. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b4: The place of expanding of a valley, where it ends. (JK, K.) b5: A low, or depressed, tract of land, containing herbage: pl. خُرُقٌ. (S, K.) One says, مَرَرْتُ بِخَرِيقٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ بَيْنَ مَسْحَاوَيْنِ [I passed by a low tract of land, containing herbage, between two plain tracts containing small pebbles and without herbage]. (Fr, S.) b6: Hard ground. (A, TA.) b7: (tropical:) A violent wind; (A, TA;) as also ↓ رِيحٌ خَرْقَآءُ: (S, K:) the latter signifies (tropical:) a wind that blows violently: or, that does not continue to blow in the same direction: (TA:) or the former signifies (tropical:) a cold wind that blows violently; (S, K;) as also ↓ خَرُوقٌ: (K:) [it is an epithet; for] one says رِيحٌ خَرِيقٌ which is anomalous, as by rule one should say خَرِيقَةٌ: (S:) it is [also] one of the names for (tropical:) a cold wind that blows violently; (JK, T, TA;) as though it perforated, or rent; the agent [رِيحٌ] being unused: (T, TA:) and (as some say, TA) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) a gentle, soft, wind; thus bearing two contr. meanings: or that returns, and [then] continues its course: (K:) or, as in the L, does not continue its course: (TA:) or that blows long. (K.) خُرَّقٌ A certain bird, (JK, IDrd, K,) smaller than the قُنْبُر [or lark], (JK,) that cleaves to the ground: (IDrd:) or a kind of sparrow: (K:) so says AHát, in the “ Book of Birds: ” (TA:) pl. خَرَارِقُ. (JK, IDrd, K.) خِرِّيقٌ: see خِرْقٌ, in three places.

خَارِقٌ [act. part. n. of خَرَقَ]. b2: [And hence,] سَيْفٌ خَارِقٌ A sharp, or cutting, sword: pl. خُرُقٌ. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] أَمْرٌ خَارِقٌ لِلْعَادَةِ (assumed tropical:) [An event breaking through, or infringing, the usual course of nature]. (KT, in a definition of مُعْجِزَةٌ, q. v.) b4: [In the present day, خَارِقٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Profound, or penetrating, in learning or science.]

أَخْرَقُ and [its fem.] خَرْقَآءُ have for their pl. خُرْقٌ. (K.) b2: The fem., applied to a ewe, signifies Having her ear perforated (S, Mgh, Msb, K) with a round hole. (S, Msb.) And, applied to an ear, Perforated, or bored. (TA.) b3: and the masc., applied to a camel, That puts his مَنْسِم [or toe] upon the ground before [the sole of] his خُفّ [or foot]: the doing of which is a result of generous quality. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And the fem., applied to a she-camel, That does not retread (لَا تَتَعَاهَدُ), in the L لا تتعهّد,) [with her hind feet] the places of her [fore] feet (JK, L, K) upon the ground: mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád and Z. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (Mgh, Msb,) Rough, ungentle, clumsy, or awkward, (JK, S, Msb,) in doing, or making, a thing: (Msb:) unskilful in work [and in the management of affairs (see خَرِقَ]; as also ↓ خَرِقٌ and ↓ خَرُقٌ: (K:) or foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding: (Mgh, K:) ignorant: (TA:) not knowing his work with his hand, or his handicraft: (Msb:) fem. as above. (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, &c.) It is said in a prov., (JK, S,) لَا تَعْدَمُ الخَرْقَآءُ عِلَّةً

[The stupid woman is not in want of an excuse]: (JK, S, K:) used in forbidding excuses: (K:) i. e., excuses are many: the stupid woman is skilled in making them: how then must be the clever? (S, K:) applied to every one who excuses himself being able. (K in art. عل.) b5: خَرْقَآءُ applied to a desert, and to a land: see خَرْقٌ, in three places. b6: And applied to a wind: see خَرِيقٌ. b7: Hence, رِحْلَةٌ خَرْقآءُ (assumed tropical:) A hard journey. (Har p. 177.) مَخْرَقٌ: see خَرْقٌ, in two places. b2: مَخْرَقُ حَوْضٍ

A stone that is at the عُقْر [or hinder part] of a watering-trough, for the purpose of their [standing upon it, and] drawing forth the water from it, [i. e. the trough,] when they will. (K.) مَخْرِقٌ, though unheard by us, is the sing. of مَخَارِقُ signifying The orifices of the body; such as the mouth and the nose and the ears and the anus and the like. (Mgh.) مُخْرَقٌ [pass. part. n. of 4; Confounded, &c.: and hence,] silent. (JK: but there written without the vowel of the ر.) غَيْرُ مُخْرِقٍ, applied to a road, means [That does not cause one to be confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; or] in which one is not confounded, or perplexed, so as to be unable to see his right course. (IAar in TA: but the latter word is there written without the vowel of the ر.) مِخْرَاقٌ A kerchief twisted for the purpose of beating therewith: (JK, S:) a genuine Arabic word: (S:) or a thing made of twisted rags, with which boys play: (TA:) or a twisted kerchief, or an inflated [skin such as is termed] زِقّ, or the like, with which boys play, beating one another therewith: so called because it rends (يَخْرِقُ) the air when they make use of it: (Ham p. 702:) pl. مَخَارِيقُ. (S, TA.) 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom says, كَأَنَّ سُيُوفَنَا مِنَّا وَمِنْهُمْ مَخَارِيقٌ بِأَيْدِى لَا عِبِينَا [As though our swords, ours and theirs, were kerchiefs twisted for beating therewith, in the hands of players]: (S:) or مخاريق in this verse [written with tenween by poetic license] is the pl. of مِخْرَاقٌ signifying a wooden sword with which boys play: the poet means, we cared not for the smiting with the swords, like as the players care not for the smiting with the مخاريق. (EM p. 198.) [See also another ex., in a verse cited voce خَرِيجٌ.] 'Alee is related, in a trad., to have said that the lightning is the مَخَارِيق of the angels; (S, TA;) meaning thereby the instruments with which the angels chide and drive the clouds. (TA.) b2: Also A garment, or piece of cloth. (JK. [But this I find not elsewhere.]) b3: And (tropical:) A sword [in the ordinary sense of the word]: so in the A and O and L: in the K, السَّيِّدُ is erroneously put for السَّيْفُ. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A man goodly in body, or person, whether tall or not tall. (JK, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) One who falls not into a case without escaping, or extricating himself, therefrom. (Sh, TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) One who exercises art in the management of affairs. (K.) b7: (tropical:) A wild bull: (As, K:) so called because he traverses far-extending districts: (As, TA:) or because the dogs pursue him and he escapes from them: said in the A to be called مِخْرَاقُ المَفَازَةِ. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) A man who engages in wars, or fights, and is active therein. (S, K.) b9: See also خِرْقٌ.

مَخْرُوقٌ (tropical:) One who is denied good, or prosperity; into whose hand wealth falls not. (K, TA.) And مَخْرُوقُ الكَفِّ (assumed tropical:) A man who gains not, or gets not, anything. (JK.) See also خِرْقٌ.

مُخْرَوْرِقٌ One who goes round about camels, [meaning who has them within the compass of his rule and care,] (JK, K, TA,) and urges them against their will, (TA,) and is active, and exercises art in his management [of them]: (JK, K, TA:) mentioned by Sgh on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) مُخْتَرَقٌ (assumed tropical:) A passage, or place of passing. (S. [See خَوْخَةٌ, in two places.]) b2: [Hence,] بَلَدٌ بَعِيدُ المُخْتَرَقِ (assumed tropical:) [A country, or district, wide to traverse; lit., far extending in respect of the place of passing]. (TA.) b3: مُخْتَرَقُ الرِّيَاحِ (assumed tropical:) A place in which the winds blow: (K:) and الرِّيحِ ↓ مُنْخَرَقُ (assumed tropical:) a place in which the wind blows [in any manner, or irregularly: see 7]. (S.) مُتَخَرِّقُ: see the last paragraph in this art.: and see also خَرِيقٌ: b2: and خِرْقٌ.

مُنْخَرَقٌ: see مُخْتَرَقٌ.

مُنْخَرِقٌ [Having a hole made in it, &c.: see its verb]. رَجُلٌ مُنْخَرِقُ السِّرْبَالِ A man having his clothing rent, or torn, (JK, K,) by long travel; as also السِّرْبَال ↓ مُتَخَرِّقُ. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Quick, or swift. (Ham p. 42.)

صلخ

1 صَلِخَ سَمْعُهُ, [and app. صَلِخَ alone,] aor. ـَ (L,) inf. n. صَلَخٌ; (S, A, L;) as also صَلِجَ; (IAar, L;) [the former of the dial. of El-Koofeh, and the latter of that of El-Basrah; (see أَصْلَخُ;)] He was, or became, deaf, so as not to hear at all. (S, A, * L.) صَلَخًا كَصَلَخِ النَّعَامِ [Mayest thou, or may he, suffer a deafness like the deafness of the ostrich] is a form of imprecation uttered against a man; for all ostriches are [said to be] totally deaf. (L, TA.) A2: صَلَخَتْ جِلْدَهَا is said of a serpent (حَيَّةٰ) [meaning It cast off its slough: like سَلَخَتْ]. (TA.) b2: And صَلَخَهُ, namely, a camel, is said of the mange, or scab, meaning [It excoriated him; like سَلَخَهُ; or] it extended over the whole of his body. (TA.) 6 تصالخ عَلَيْنَا He feigned himself totally deaf to us; (K, * TA;) as also تصالج, with ج. (TA.) 9 اصلخّ, inf. n. اِصْلِخَاخٌ, He (a man, TA) lay upon his side. (K, TA.) دَاهِيَةٌ صَلُوخٌ A destructive calamity. (K.) أَسْوَدُ صَالِخٌ i. q. أَسْوَدُ سَالِخٌ [q. v.], A certain species of serpents, that casts off its slough. (AHát, L.) b2: And جَرَبٌ صَالِخٌ i. q. سَالِخٌ [i. e. Excoriating mange or scab]: (K, TA:) it is such as occurs in the hinder part of the camel, and one doubts not its extending over the whole of his body. (TA.) أَصْلَخُ, (S, K, &c.,) so accord. to all the people of El-Koofeh, but the people of El-Basrah and the Arabs of that region say أَصْلَجُ, (IAar, TA,) Deaf: (Fr, A'Obeyd, TA:) or deaf so as not to hear at all: (S, K, TA:) or very deaf: (Mgh:) or أَصَمُّ أَصْلَخُ has this last meaning. (IAar, TA.) Fr said, (S,) كَانَ الكُمَيْتُ أَصَمَّ أَصْلَخَ, meaning El-Kumeyt was deaf so as not to hear at all. (S, A. *) A2: Also A camel affected with mange, or scab: [or having mange, or scab, by which he is excoriated: like أَسْلَخُ:] fem. صَلْخَآءُ: and pl. صَلْخَى. (K.) b2: And Affected with [the malignant species of leprosy termed] بَرَص. (TA.)

صدق

1 صَدَقَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, TA,) inf. n. صِدْقٌ (S, * M, O, * Msb, K, TA) and صَدْقٌ, (M, K,) the former of which is the more chaste, (TA,) or the latter is an inf. n. and the former is a simple subst., (K,) and تَصْدَاقٌ (M) and مَصْدُوقَةٌ, (O, K, TA,) which is one of the [few] inf. ns. of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, (O, TA,) [or a fem. pass. part. n. used as an inf. n. like as is said of its contr.

مَكْذُوبَةٌ,] he spoke, said, uttered, or told, truth, or truly, or veraciously; contr. of كَذَبَ: (Msb: [and in like manner it is said in the S and M and O and K that صِدْقٌ is the contr. of كَذِبٌ:]) Er-Rághib says that صِدْقٌ and كَذِبٌ are primarily in what is said, whether relating to the past or to the future, and [in the latter case] whether it be a promise or other than a promise; and only in what is said in the way of information: but sometimes they are in other modes of speech, such as asking a question, and commanding, and supplicating; as when one says, “Is Zeyd in the house? ” for this implies information of his being ignorant of the state of Zeyd; and when one says, “ Make me to share with thee, or to be equal with thee,” for this implies his requiring to be made to share with the other, or to be made equal with him; and when one says, “Do not thou hurt me,” for this implies that the other is hurting him: صِدْقٌ, he says, is [by implication] the agreeing of what is said with what is conceived in the mind and with the thing told of, together; otherwise it is not complete صِدْق, but may be described either as صِدْق or sometimes as صِدْق and sometimes as كَذِب according to two different points of view; as when one says without believing it, “Mohammad is the Apostle of God,” for this may be termed صِدْق because what is told is such, and it may be termed كَذِب because it is at variance with what the speaker conceives in his mind. (TA.) One says, صَدَقَ فِى الحَدِيثِ [He spoke truth in the information, or narration]. (S, O, K.) And صَدَقَهُ i. e. He told him, or informed him, with truth, or veracity, (AHeyth, * M, Msb, *) فِى القَوْلِ [in the saying]; for it is trans. as well as intrans. (Msb.) And صَدَقَهُ الحَدِيثَ (S, O, K, in the CK [erroneously] صَدَّقَ فُلانًا الحَدِيثَ) He told him with truth, or veracity, the information, or narration; for it is sometimes doubly trans. (TA.) And صَدَقَنِى سِنَّ بَكْرِهِ [He hath told me truly the age, or as to the age, of his youthful camel; or صَدَقَنِى سِنُّ بَكْرِهِ the age of his youthful camel has spoken truly to me]: (S, O, K:) a prov., (S, O,) expl. in art. بكر [q. v.]. (K.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يَصْدُقُ أَثَرُهُ and أَثَرَهُ, meaning Such a one, when asked, will not tell truly whence he comes. (M.) And صَدَقَتْ يَمِينُهُ His oath was, or proved, true. (Msb in art. بت.) صَدَقْتُ اللّٰهَ حَدِيثًا إِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ كَذَا is an oath of the Arabs, meaning لَا صَدَقْتُ الخ [May I not utter truly to God a saying, i. e. may I not speak truth to God, if I do not such a thing]. (AHeyth, O, K.) One says also, صَدَقَهُ النَّصِيحَةَ, and الإِخَآءَ, He rendered to him truly, or sincerely, good advice, and brotherly affection. (M.) And صَدَ قُوهُمُ القِتَالَ (S, M, K, * TA) [They gave them battle earnestly, not with a false show of bravery; as is implied in the S, and M, and K; i. e.] they advanced against them boldly in fight: (M, TA:) and in like manner, صَدَقُوا فِى القِتَالِ they advanced boldly in fight: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the former means they gave them battle so as to fulfil their duty: and hence, in the Kur [xxxiii. 23], رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللّٰهَ عَلَيْهِ, Men who fulfilled the covenant that they had made with God. (TA.) And صَدَقَ اللِّقَآءَ, inf. n. صِدْقٌ, He was firm, or steady, in encounter, or conflict. (M, TA.) and صَدَقَ ظَنِّى My opinion was, or proved, true, or correct, like as one says [in the contrary case], كَذَبَ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) whence, in the Kur [xxxiv. 19], وَلَقَدْ صَدَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنَّهُ, meaning فِى ظَنِّهِ [i. e. And assuredly Iblees was, or proved to be, correct in his opinion that he had formed against them]: but some read ↓ صَدَّقَ, meaning, as Fr says, حَقَّقَ [i. e. Iblees proved, or found, to be true, his opinion &c.]. (TA.) and صَدَقَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ His soul [told him truth; meaning,] diverted him, or hindered him, or held him back, from an undertaking, causing him to imagine himself unable to prosecute it. (TA in art. كذب.) And صَدَقَ الصُّبْحُ [The dawn shone clearly]. (S in art. سقط.) [And one says of a word or the like, يَصْدُقُ عَلَى كَذَا, meaning It applies correctly to such a thing.] b2: صَدَقَ الوَحْشِىُّ: see 2, near the end.2 صدّقهُ, (S, M, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَصْدِيقٌ, contr. of كَذَّبَهُ. (O, * K.) [This explanation implies several meanings here following.] He attributed, or ascribed, to him truth, veracity, or the speaking truth. (Msb.) And He said to him, “Thou hast spoken truth. ” (Msb.) He accepted, or admitted, [or assented to, or believed,] what he said: (M:) you say, صدّقهُ فِى حَدِيثِهِ [He accepted, &c., what he said in his information, or narration]: (S:) and you say صدّق بِلِسَانِهِ [He assented to the truth of what was said with his tongue]; as well as بِقَلْبِهِ [with his heart, or mind]. (T in art. اَمن.) He held him to be a speaker of truth. (MA.) [He found him to be a speaker of truth. He, or it, proved him to be a speaker of truth; verified him; or confirmed the truth of what he said: see an ex. in a verse cited voce بَيْنٌ.] He found it (an opinion) to be true, or veritable. (Ksh and Bd and Jel, in xxxiv. 19.) He verified it; confirmed its truth; or proved it to be true, or veritable; i. e. an opinion [&c.]; syn. حَقَّقَهُ: (Ksh and Bd, ibid.:) one says, صَدَّقَ الخَبَرَ الخُبْرُ [The trial, proof, or test, verified the information]. (S in art. خبر.) See 1, near the end. In the saying in the Kur [xxxix. 34], وَالَّذِى جَآءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ, [which seems to be best rendered But he who hath brought the truth and he who hath accepted it as the truth, (see كَذَّبَ بِالأَمْرِ,)] 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib is related to have said that by الذى جآء بالصدق is meant Mohammad; and by الذى صدّق به, Aboo-Bekr: or, as some say, Gabriel and Mohammad [are meant by the former and the latter respectively]: or by the former, Mohammad; and by the latter, [every one of] the believers: (M:) accord. to Er-Rághib, by وصدّق به is meant and hath found, or proved, to be true (حَقَّقَ) that which he hath brought by word, by that which he hath aimed at (بِمَا تَحَرَّاهُ) by deed. (TA.) b2: صدّق is also said to signify He said, “This thing is the truth; ” like حَقَّقَ. (TA in art. حق.) b3: And this verb also denotes المُبَالَغَةُ فِى الصِّدْقِ: thus in the saying, صَدَّقَتْ فِيهِمْ ظُنُونِى

[My opinions respecting them were, or proved to be, very true or correct]. (Ksh, in xxxiv. 19.) b4: صدّق الوَحْشِىُّ, (O, K, TA,) or ↓ صَدَقَ, (so in a copy of the M,) (tropical:) The wild animal ran without looking aside, when charged upon, or attacked: (M, O, K, TA:) mentioned by IDrd. (O, TA.) A2: صَدَّقَهُمْ He exacted from them the poor-rate. (TA. [See صَدَقَةٌ.]) b2: See also 5.3 صَادَقْتُهُ, (M,) inf. n. مُصَادَقَةٌ (S, M, O, K) and صِدَاقٌ, (M, O, K,) the latter like كِتَابٌ, (TA, [in the CK erroneously written صَداق,]) I acted, or associated, with him as a friend, or as a true, or sincere, friend. (S, * M, O, * K. *) [See also 6.]4 اصدق المَرْأَةَ He named for the woman a صَدَاق [or dowry]: (S, M, * O, K:) or he gave her her صَدَاق: (M, * Msb:) or he appointed her, or assigned her, a صَدَاق, on taking her as his wife: (TA:) and he married her, or took her as his wife, on the condition of his giving her a صَدَاق. (Msb.) And sometimes this verb is doubly trans.; whence, in a trad., مَا ذَا تُصْدِقُهَا فَقَالَ إِزَارِى [It was said, “What is it that thou meanest for her, or givest her, as her dowry? ” and he said, “My waist-wrapper ”]. (Mgh.) 5 تصدّق عَلَيْهِ He gave him (i. e. the poor, Mgh, Msb) what is termed صَدَقَة, (M, Mgh, Msb,) meaning [an alms, or] what is given for the sake of God, (M,) or what is given with the desire of obtaining a recompense from God: (M, * Mgh:) and عليه ↓ صَدَّقَ signifies the same; (M, TA;) and in this sense صدّق is [said by some to be] used in the Kur lxxv. 31. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xii. 88], وَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْنَا: (TA:) or this means (assumed tropical:) And do thou confer a favour upon us by giving that which is [not like the mean merchandise that we have brought, but of middling quality,] between good and bad. (M.) One says, تَصَدَّقْتُ بِكَذَا, meaning I gave such a thing as a صَدَقَة. (Msb.) See an ex. voce شِقٌّ.

The saying, in a trad., إِنَّ اللّٰهَ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِثُلُثِ

أَمْوَالِكُمْ, meaning (tropical:) [Verily God] hath conferred a favour [upon you by giving you a third of your possessions to bequeath to whom ye will], if correct, is tropical. (Mgh.) b2: It is said by Ibn-Es-Seed, on the authority of Az and IJ, and mentioned by IAmb, that تصدّق signifies also He asked, or begged, for what is termed صَدَقَة [or alms]: but Fr and As and others disallow the beggar's being called مُتَصَدِّق: (Az, TA:) IKt says that the verb is improperly used in this sense by the vulgar: (Msb:) [and accord. to J and Sgh,] one says, مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ يَسْأَلُ, and one should not say يَتَصَدَّقُ. (S, O.) 6 تَصَادُقٌ signifies The acting, or associating, as friends, or as true, or sincere, friends, one with another. (K. [See also 3.]) And I. q. صِدْقٌ: (TA:) [or rather mutual صِدْق; contr. of تَكَاذُبٌ:] one says, تَصَادَقَا فِى الحَدِيثِ and فِى المَوَدَّةِ (S, O, TA) They were true, or sincere, each to the other, in information, or narration, and in love, or affection; contr. of تَكَاذَبَا. (O, TA.) صَدْقٌ is an inf. n. of صَدَقَ [q. v.]: (M, K:) b2: and is used as an epithet, applied to a man &c.: (S, M, O, K, TA:) [and] ↓ صِدْقٌ [also, if not a mistranscription for صَدْقٌ,] is an inf. n. used as an epithet, applied to a man and to a woman: (so in a copy of the M and in the TA:) [it is said that] the former signifies Hard, (S, M, O, Msb,) applied to a spear, (S, M, O,) and to other things: (M:) or even, or straight; (S, O;) or it signifies thus also, applied to a spear, and to a sword: (M:) or hard and even or straight, applied to a spear, (K, TA,) and to a man, (K,) or to the latter as meaning hard: or, as IB says, on the authority of IDrst, it is not from hardness, but means combining those qualities that are commended; and it is applied to a spear as meaning long and pliant and hard, and the like; and to a man, and to a woman likewise [without ة, but see what follows], as meaning true in hardness and strength and goodness; for, IDrst says, if it meant hard, one would say حَجَرٌ صَدْقٌ and حَدِيدٌ صَدْقٌ, which one does not: (TA:) and, applied to anything, (O, K, TA,) it means complete, or perfect, (Kh, O, K, TA,) thus applied to a man, (TA,) such as is commended; (O;) fem. with ة, (O, K, TA,) applied to a woman: (O:) the pl. is صُدْقٌ, applied to a company of men, (S, O, K,) and صُدُقٌ (K) and صَدْقُونَ, so applied, and صَدْقَاتٌ applied to women: (O, K:) and Ru-beh says, describing asses, مَقْذُوذَةُ الآذَانِ صَدْقَاتُ الحَدَقْ meaning [Rounded, as though pared, in the ears,] penetrating in the eyes; (O, TA;) which is [said to be] tropical. (TA.) صَدْقٌ signifies also Firm, or steady, in encounter, or conflict: (M:) or one says صَدْقُ اللِّقَآءِ, applying this epithet to a man, (S, O, K, TA,) meaning thus: (TA:) and صَدْقُ النَّظَرِ [firm, or steady, in look]. (S, O, K, TA. [Said in the TA to be tropical.]) صِدْقٌ is an inf. n. of صَدَقَ [q. v.]: (M, K, &c.:) or a simple subst., (K,) signifying [Truth; veracity; or] agreement of what is said with what is conceived in the mind and with the thing told of, together; otherwise it is not complete صِدْق, as expl. above in the first paragraph of this art. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: It is also syn. with شِدَّةٌ [meaning Hardness; firmness, compactness, or soundness; strength, power, or force; vigour, robustness, sturdiness, or hardiness; and courage, bravery, or firmness of heart]: (K, TA: [in the latter of which it is said to be tropical; but this is evidently not the case accord. to the O, in which it is said that it radically denotes قُوَّةٌ (i. e. strength, force, &c.,) in a saying &c.: in the K it is implied by the context that it is syn. with شِدَّة when used as the complement of a prefixed n. in instances mentioned in what here follows: but Sgh says, more correctly,]) a noun signifying anything to which goodness is attributed is prefixed to صِدْق, governing it in the gen. case; so that one says (O) رَجُلُ صِدْقٍ (Sb, M, O, K) [A man of good nature or disposition or character &c.], contr. of رَجُلُ سَوْءٍ; (Sb, M;) and صَدِيقُ صِدْقٍ [a friend of good nature &c.]; (O, K;) and likewise اِمْرَأَةُ صِدْقٍ [a woman of good nature &c.]; (K;) and in like manner also حِمَارُ صِدْقٍ

[an ass of a good kind]; (Sb, M, K;) and ثَوْبُ صِدْقٍ [a garment, or piece of cloth, of good quality]. (Sb, M.) The saying in the Kur [x. 93], (O,) وَلَقَدْ بَوَّأْنَا بَنِى اِسْرَائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ meansAnd verily we assigned to the Children of Israel a good place of abode. (O, K.) b3: See also صَدْقٌ.

صَدْقَةٌ: see صَدَاقٌ; each in two places.

صُدْقَةٌ: see صَدَاقٌ; each in two places.

صَدَقَةٌ [An alms; i. e.] a gift (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K) to the poor (S, O, Msb) for the sake of God, (M, K,) or to obtain a recompense from God; (M, * Mgh, K; *) a portion which a man gives forth from his property by way of propitiation, [to obtain the favour of God,] like زَكَاةٌ, except that the former is primarily applied to such as as is supererogatory, and the latter to such as is obligatory: but it is said to be applied to such as is obligatory [i. e. to the زَكَاة, q. v., meaning the poor-rate, which is the portion, or amount, of property, that is given therefrom, as the due of God, by its possessor, to the poor, according to a fixed rate,] when the person who does so aims at conformity with the truth in his deed: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [in this latter sense, which is indicated in the S and O &c., and more plainly in the M, it is very frequently used:] and thus it is used in the Kur ix. 104, and in like manner its pl. in ix. 60: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the pl. is صَدَقَاتٌ. (S, M, O, Msb.) It is said in a trad., لَا صَدَقَةَ فِى الإِبِلِ الجَارَّةِ [There is no poorrate in the case of working camels], because they are the riding-camels of the people; for the poorrate is in the case of pasturing camels, exclusively of the working. (S in art. جر.) b2: See also صَدَاقٌ.

صَدُقَةٌ: see صَدَاقٌ, in two places.

صُدُقَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

صَدَاقٌ and ↓ صِدَاقٌ, (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former of which is the most common of the dial. vars. here mentioned, (Msb,) [but] the latter is [said to be] more chaste than the former, (Mgh,) and ↓ صَدُقَةٌ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) and ↓ صُدْقَةٌ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) of the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) and ↓ صَدْقَةٌ (M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صُدُقَةٌ (M, O, K) and ↓ صَدَقَةٌ, (M, K,) The مَهْر (S, M, Mgh, O, K) of a woman; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [i. e. a dowry; nuptial gift; or gift that is given to, or for, a bride:] the pl. of صداق is صُدُقٌ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) a pl. of mult., (M,) or صُدْقٌ, (O,) or both, (K,) and أَصْدِقَةٌ, a pl. of pauc., (M,) or this is accordant to analogy, but has not been heard; (Mgh;) the pl. of ↓ صَدُقَةٌ is صَدُقَاتٌ; (S, Msb, K;) the pl. of ↓ صُدْقَةٌ is صُدْقَاتٌ and صُدَقَاتٌ and صُدُقَاتٌ, (O, * Msb, K,) which last is the worst; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ صَدْقَةٌ is صُدَقٌ, (Msb,) or صَدْقَاتٌ [by rule صَدَقَاتٌ]. (O.) صِدَاقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَدُوقٌ Having the quality of speaking, saying, uttering, or telling, truth, or truly, or veraciously, in a high, or an eminent, degree; very, or eminently, true or veracious: (Msb:) pl. صُدُقٌ and صُدْقٌ. (K.) See also أَصْدَقُ.

صَدِيقٌ A friend: (O, K:) or a true, or sincere, friend: (S, M, Msb, TA:) applied likewise to a female, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) as also صَدِيقَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the former anomalous, the latter regular; (MF;) and to a pl. number, (S, M, O, K,) as in the Kur xxvi. 101 (M) [and in several other instances, of which see one in a verse cited voce رَوِىٌّ]: its proper pl. is أَصْدِقَآءُ (S, M, O, K) and صُدَقَآءُ and صُدْقَانٌ, (M, K,) the last on the authority of Fr, (TA,) and أَصَادِقُ, (M, O, K,) which is a pl. pl., (K,) said by IDrd to be anomalous, unless it be a pl. pl.: (O:) and the dim. is ↓ صُدَيِّقٌ; one says, هُوَ صُدَيِّقِى, meaning He is the most special, or most distinguished, of my friends, or of my true, or sincere, friends. (S, O, K.) صَدَاقَةٌ Love, or affection: (K:) or truth, or sincerity, of love or affection: (TA:) or friendship, or friendliness; (S, M;) or true, or sincere, friendship or friendliness: (S, M, Msb:) or true firmness of heart in love or affection; an attribute of a human being only. (Er-Rághib, TA.) صُدَيِّقٌ dim. of صَدِيقٌ, q. v. (S, O, K.) صِدِّيقٌ One who speaks, says, utters, or tells, truth, or truly, or veraciously, much, or often: (Mgh, O, K:) [or rather having the quality of speaking, saying, uttering, or telling, truth, or truly, or veraciously, in a very high, or very eminent, degree; for] it has a more intensive signification than صَدُوقٌ [q. v.]: (TA:) or i. q. مُصَدِّقٌ [which may have the latter of the two meanings expl. above, or may mean one who accepts, or admits, the truth of what is said, or who verifies, &c.: or مُصَدِّق in a high, or an eminent, degree; for it is added that] the fem. as used in the Kur v. 79 means superlative in الصِّدْق and التَّصْدِيق; as a possessive epithet, i. e. ذَاتُ تَصْدِيقٍ: (M:) or it signifies دَائِمُ التَّصْدِيقِ [i. e. always مُصَدِّق in one or another or all of the senses assigned to this word above: it may be correctly rendered eminently, or always, veracious: and eminently, or always, accepting, or confirming, the truth]: and it may mean one who verifies his saying by deed, or act: (S:) it is said in the “ Mufradát ” [of Er-Rághib] that it has the first of the meanings expl. in this paragraph: or rather means, one who never lies: or rather, one by whom lying cannot be practised because of his habitual veracity: or rather, one who is true in his saying and his belief, and who confirms his truth by his deed, or acting. (TA.) صَادِقٌ Speaking, saying, uttering, or telling, truth, or truly, or veraciously; true in respect of speech &c., or veracious. (Msb, TA.) b2: صِدْقٌ صَادِقٌ is a phrase like شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ, meaning Eminent, and exalted, veracity. (M, TA. *) b3: And حَمْلَةٌ صَادِقَةٌ [A charge, or an assault, made with earnestness, not with a false show of bravery,] is like the saying [in the contr. case] حَمْلَةٌ كَاذِبَةٌ. (M, TA: * said in the latter to be tropical.) See also مَصْدَق, in two places. b4: One says also تَمْرٌ صَادِقُ الحَلَاوَةِ, meaning Very sweet dates. (IDrd, O.) b5: And بَرْدٌ صَادِقٌ Vehement, or intense, cold. (TA voce بَحْتٌ &c.) الصَّيْدَقُ The small star cleaving to the middle one of [those called] بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ الكُبْرَى [which compose the tail of Ursa Major]; (Kr, M, TA;) [i. e. the star called السُّهَا, q. v.; for] it is said that the first of بنات نعش الكبرى, that is at the extremity thereof, is named القَائِدُ; and the second is العَنَاقُ, and by the side of it is a small star named السُّهَا and الصَّيْدَقُ; and the third is الحَوَرُ: (O:) or, accord. to AA, (O, TA,) the pole-star (القُطْبُ). (O, K, TA. [But this is strange; and the more so as it is added in the K that it is expl. in art. قود; for the explanation in that art. (though not free from obvious mistakes) identifies الصَّيْدَقُ with السُّهَا.]) b2: And, (K,) accord. to Sh, (O, TA,) it signifies الأَمِينُ [The trusted, trusted in, or confided in, &c.]. (O, K. [But it is added in the O that Sh cites a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi- s-Salt in which الأَمِينُ is applied as an epithet to the star called الصَيدق.]) b3: And, (K,) accord. to some, as AA says, (O,) it signifies The king. (O, K.) فَعَلَهُ فِى غِبِّ صَادِقَةٍ [in the CK فَعَلَهُ غِبَّ صادِقَةٍ] means He did it after the affair, or case, had become manifest to him. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) صُنْدُوقٌ, mentioned in this art. in the S and Msb: see art. صندق.

أَصْدَقُ [More, and most, true or veracious]. One says أَصْدَقُ مِنْ قَطَاةٍ [More veracious than a katáh]; because the bird thus called cries قَطَا قَطَا; [thus telling where it is to be found;] its name being imitative of its cry: (Meyd, and TA in art. قطو:) hence it is called by the Arabs ↓ الصَّدُوقُ: the saying is a prov. (Meyd.) ذُو مَصْدَقٍ, (JK, S, M, O,) with fet-h, (S,) or ↓ ذُو مِصْدَقٍ like مِنْبَر, (K,) applied to a man, (JK, M,) [i. e.] applied to a courageous man, (S, O, K,) means الحَمْلَةِ ↓ صَادِقُ [Earnest, not making a false show of bravery, in the charge, or assault]; (JK, S, M, O, K;) or courageous [in the charge, or assault]: (JK:) مَصَادِقُ, occurring in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, may be for ذَوُو مَصَادِقَ; or it may be an anomalous pl. of صِدْقٌ [used as an epithet], like مَلَامِحُ and مَشَابِهُ [pls. of لَمْحَةٌ and شَبَهٌ]. (M.) Also, (S, M, O, K,) applied to a horse, (M,) [i. e.] applied to a fleet and excellent horse, (S, O,) in like manner, (M,) meaning الجَرْىِ ↓ صَادِقُ [Earnest in running]; (S, O, K;) as though fulfilling his promise of running: (S, O: [said in the TA to be tropical:]) Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh says, إِذَا مَا اسْتَحَمَّتْ أَرْضُهُ مِنْ سَمَائِهِ جَرَى وَهْوَ مَوْدُوعٌ وَوَاعِدُ مَصْدَقِ meaning When his hoofs are wetted with the sweat of his upper parts, he runs, being left to himself, not beaten nor chidden, and a fulfiller of his promise to do his utmost. (S, O.) And sometimes it is applied to an opinion, in like manner [as meaning True, or sincere]. (M.) b2: مَصْدَقٌ also signifies Hardness. (Th, M.) b3: Also i. q. حَدٌّ [as meaning The edge of a sword]: (TA:) [in a copy of the M written جِدّ, which I think an evident mistake; for it is added,] and it is said to have this meaning in a verse of Dureyd Ibn-Es- Simmeh [relating to a sword]. (M, TA.) مِصْدَق: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُصَدَّقٌ A man from whom the poor-rate (صَدَقَة) of his cattle is exacted. (TA.) مُصَدِّقٌ One who accepts, admits, assents to, or believes, another in his information, or narration. (S, TA.) A2: Also The exactor, or collector, (S, M, O, Msb, K, TA,) of the صَدَقَات, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. (TA) of the حُقُوق [or dues, meaning poor-rates], (M, TA,) of the cattle, (Msb,) or of the sheep or goats, (S, M, O, TA,) and of the camels, (M, O, TA,) for the persons to whom pertain the shares [thereof]. (TA.) مُصَّدِّقٌ: see مُتَصَدِّقٌ.

مِصْدَاقٌ A thing that confirms, or proves, the truth of a thing: (S, K:) [and] a verbal evidence of the truth, or veracity, of a man. (Har p. 106.) One says, هٰذَا مِصْدَاقُ هٰذَا This is what confirms, or proves, the truth of this. (S.) And شَىْءٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِصْدَاقٌ [A thing having nothing to verify it]. (IAar, TA in art. برق.) مَصْدُوقَةٌ [see 1, near the beginning]. One says لَيْسَ لِحَمْلَتِهِ مَصْدُوقَةٌ [meaning There is no earnestness attributable to his charge, or assault]; like as one says [in the contr. case], ليس لَهَا مَكْذُوبَةٌ. (M.) مُتَصَدِّقٌ One who gives what is termed صَدَقَة [meaning alms]: (S, O, Msb, K:) accord. to Kh, it means thus, and also one who asks [alms]; (O, TA;) and IAmb says the like; but Az says that the skilful of the grammarians disallow this; and thus say Fr and As and others: (TA:) [J, also, and Sgh and Fei, say that] it has only the former meaning: (S, O, Msb:) it is also pronounced ↓ مُصَّدِّقٌ, by substitution [of ص for ت] and incorporation [of one ص into the other]; (S, * O, * Msb, K; *) and this pronunciation of the pl. both masc. and fem. occurs in the Kur lvii. 17, (S, O, K,) where Ibn-Ketheer and Aboo-Bekr, differing from others, read without teshdeed to the ص. (O.)

صرم

1 صَرَمَهُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَرْمٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صُرْمٌ, (M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (M, Msb,) He cut it, syn. قَطَعَهُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) in any manner: [i. e. it signifies also he cut it through; or he cut it off, or severed it; for thus the meaning of قَطَعَهُ is generally explained:] (M:) or it signifies [only] he cut it (قَطَعَهُ) so as to separate it: (M, K:) namely, a thing, (S,) such as a rope, and a raceme of dates. (TA.) One says, صُرِمَتْ أُذُنُهُ i. q. صُلِمَتْ [i. e. His ear was cut off, entirely]. (TA.) And صَرَمَ النَّخْلَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and الشَّجَرَ, (M, K,) and الزَّرْعَ, aor. as above, inf. n. صَرْمٌ, (M,) He cut off the fruit, or produce, of the palm-trees, (S, M, Msb, * K,) and the trees, (M, K,) and the corn, or the like; (M;) as also ↓ اصطرمهُ. (S, M, K.) b2: [Hence,] صَرَمَهُ, (S, M, MA, K,) [aor. as above,] inf. n. صَرْمٌ (S, MA,) or صُرْمٌ, (M, MA,) or the latter is a simple subst., (S,) (assumed tropical:) He cut him (i. e. another man); meaning he ceased to speak to him, or to associate with him; he cut him off from friendly, or loving, communion or intercourse; forsook him, or abandoned him; syn. قَطَعَ كَلَامَهُ; (S, M, K;) and هَجَرَهُ: (A and Mgh and K in art. هجر:) or he cut himself off, or separated himself, from him, namely, his friend; he cut off [or withdrew] his friendship from him. (MA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce أَبَّ.] And صَرَمَ وَصْلَهُ, aor. as above, inf. n. صَرْمٌ and صُرْمٌ, (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or severed, his bond of union,] as indicative of resemblance [to the act of cutting, or severing, properly thus termed]. (M.) b3: And صَرَمَ أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He decided his affair]. (O voce ضَهْيَأَ, q. v. [See also صَارِمٌ, and صَرِيمَةٌ.]) A2: صَرَمَ is also intrans., as syn. with انصرم, q. v. (M, K.) And [hence] one says, أَدْبَرَتِ الدُّنْيَا بِصَرْمٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Worldly good departed] by becoming cut off, or by ceasing, and coming to an end. (TA.) b2: One says also, صَرَمَ عِنْدَنَا شَهْرًا, meaning (assumed tropical:) He stopped, stayed, or tarried, with us a month: (K, TA:) mentioned by El-Mufad- dal, on the authority of his father. (TA.) A3: صَرَمَ, (Msb,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. صَرَامَةٌ and صُرُومَةٌ, (M,) It (a sword) was, or became, sharp, (M, Msb,) and did not bend. (M.) b2: And [hence,] صَرُمَ inf. n. صَرَامَةٌ, said of a man, (S, M, Msb, K, TA,) as being likened to a sword, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, courageous; (Msb;) or hardy, strong, or sturdy, (S, TA,) or sharp, penetrating, or vigorous and effective, (M, K, TA,) and courageous. (S, M, K, TA.) 2 صرّمهُ [He cut it; cut it through; or cut it off, or severed it; namely, a number of things considered collectively; or a single thing much, or in several places]: (M:) تَصْرِيمُ الحِبَالِ signifies تَقْطِيعُهَا [i. e. the severing of the ropes]: the verb being with teshdeed to denote muchness [of the action], or multiplicity [of the objects]. (S, TA.) [Hence, تَصْرِيمُ الأَطْبَآءِ The cutting off of the teats of camels: a phrase mentioned in the TA.]3 صارمهُ, (MA,) inf. n. مُصَارَمَةٌ, (KL, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He effected a disunion with him: (MA:) or he cut him off from himself, being in like manner cut off by him: (KL:) or he cut him off from friendly, or loving, communion or intercourse, being so cut off by him: forsook him, or abandoned him, being forsaken, or abandoned, by him: cut him, i. e. ceased to speak to him, being in like manner cut by him: for المُصَارَمَةُ signifies المُهَاجَرَةُ and قَطْعُ الكَلَامِ. (TA.) 4 اصرم النَّخْلُ The palm-trees attained, or were near, to the time, or season, for the cutting off of their fruit. (S, M, Msb, K, TA.) b2: and [hence perhaps,] اصرم said of a man, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. إِصْرَامٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, poor, (S, K,) having a numerous family, or household: (K:) or in a evil condition, though having in him intelligence (تَمَاسُك): [it is said that] the original meaning is he had a صِرْمَة, i. e. portion, of property remaining to him. (TA.) 5 تصرّم quasi-pass. of صَرَّمَهُ; (M;) i. q. تقطّع [i. e. It became cut; cut through; or cut off, or severed; said of number of things considered collectively; or of a single thing as meaning it became cut, &c., much, or in many places, or into many pieces]. (S, K.) b2: See also 7, in three places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) He affected hardiness, strength, sturdiness, and endurance, or patience; or constrained himself to behave with hardiness, &c. (S, K.) 6 تصارموا (assumed tropical:) They cut, forsook, or abandoned, one another; (MA;) they separated themselves, one from another; (KL, in which only the inf. n. is mentioned;) they severed the bond of union, or communion, that was between them; disunited, or dissociated, themselves, one from another; syn. تَقَاطَعُوا. (S, * MA, in the former of which only the inf. n. is mentioned.) 7 انصرم It became cut; cut through; or cut off, or severed; (S, M, K, TA;) quasi-pass. of صَرَمَهُ; (M, TA;) said of a rope [&c.]; and so ↓ صَرَمَ. (M, K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] انصرم مِنَ النَّاسِ [or عَنِ النَّاسِ] (assumed tropical:) He separated himself from mankind; said of the wolf and of the crow [&c.]. (ISk, S, M. *) And انصرم اللَّيْلُ (assumed tropical:) The night went away, or departed; as also ↓ تصرّم: (Msb:) and انصرم الشِّتَآءُ (assumed tropical:) The winter ended; and ↓ تصرّمت السَّنَةُ (assumed tropical:) The year ended: (TA:) and القِتَالُ ↓ تصرّم (assumed tropical:) The fighting ended, or ceased. (Mgh.) 8 اصطرمهُ: see 1, third sentence.

صَرْمٌ Skin: [or leather:] (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a Pers\. word (S, Msb) arabicized, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) originally جَرْم [correctly چَرْم]. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) صُرْمٌ is an inf. n. like صَرْمٌ, (M, K,) or a simple subst.: (M, Msb:) [see the first paragraph, in three places: in one of its senses, there expl.,] it is syn. with هِجْرَانٌ and قَطِيعَةٌ: (TA:) and ↓ صَرِيمَةٌ [likewise] signifies (assumed tropical:) Separation from a friend: pl. صُرَمٌ. (MA. [This pl. is app. there mentioned as of صَرِيمَةٌ; but it is more probably of صُرْمٌ.]) A2: صُرْمُ الدِّيكِ: see دَلِيكٌ.

صِرْمٌ Tents (أَبْيَاتٌ), (S, M,) of men, (S,) collected together, (S, M,) separate from [those of other] men: (M:) or i. q. صِرْبٌ, (O in art. صرب,) which means a few tents (بُيُوت [in the O, erroneously, بُتُوت]) of the weak sort of the Arabs of the desert: (IAar, O, * K, TA; all in art. صرب:) and hence, (M,) a company (M, Msb, K, TA) of men, (Msb, TA,) not many; or simply a company (TA) alighting and abiding with their camels by the side of the water: (Msb, TA:) pl. أَصْرَامٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, M, Msb, K) and أَصَارِمُ, (S,) or أَصَارِيمُ, (M,) or both, (K,) but accord. to IB the latter of these two is the right, [being a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَصْرَامٌ,] (TA,) and صُرْمَانٌ, (Sb, M, K,) with damm. (K.) b2: And i. q. ضَرْبٌ. (K. [So, app., in all the copies; accord. to the TK as meaning A sort, or species: but I think it most probable that this is a mistranscription for صِرْبٌ, with which, as has been stated above, صِرْمٌ is syn. accord. to the O.]) A2: Also i. q. خُفٌّ مُنْعَلٌ (M) or خُفٌّ مُنَعَّلٌ (K) [i. e. A soled boot: that خُفّ here means a boot, not a camel's foot, is indicated by its being immediately added by SM that]

↓ صَرَّامٌ signifies A seller thereof. (TA.) صَرْمَةٌ [an epithet applied to a man, but used as a subst., and therefore having for its pl. صَرَمَاتٌ]. One says, هُوَ صَرْمَةٌ مِنَ الصَّرَمَاتِ, [the last word said to be thus (مُحَرَّكَة) in the TA, but in the CK (in which as well as in my MS. copy of the K من is omitted) written الصَّرْماتِ,] meaning (tropical:) He is [a person] slow to revert from his anger. (K, TA.) A2: Also, [if not a mistranscription for ↓ صِرْمَة,] A portion of silver, melted, and cleared of its dross, and poured forth into a mould. (TA.) صِرْمَة A herd, or detached number, of camels, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) consisting of about thirty: (S:) or from twenty to thirty: (M, K:) or from thirty to five and forty: (M:) or to fifty, and forty; (K;) if amounting to sixty, termed صِدْعَة: (TA: [but see this latter word:]) or from ten to forty: (M, Msb, K:) or from ten to some number between that and twenty: (M, K:) or more than a ذَوْد [which is at least two or three] up to thirty: (T voce إِبِلٌ:) or about forty: (Ham p.

753:) or less than a هَجْمَة, which is a hundred or nearly a hundred: (Id. p. 637:) pl. صِرَمٌ. (S, * M, * Msb.) b2: A portion of property. (TA.) b3: And A detached portion of clouds: (S, M, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (S, M.) b4: See also صَرِيمَةٌ. b5: And see صَرْمَةٌ.

صَرَامٌ and ↓ صِرَامٌ The cutting off of the fruit of palm-trees: (S, * Msb, and L voce جَدَادٌ:) and (L voce جَذَادٌ) the time, or season, thereof: (S, L:) or the time, or season, of the ripening of the fruit of palm-trees. (M, K.) A2: صَرَامِ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

صُرَامٌ: see صَارِمٌ.

A2: Also The last milk [remaining in the udder] after what is termed التَّغْرِيز [which is variously explained (see 2 in art. غرز), in the CK and in one of my copies of the S erroneously written التَّغْزِير,] which a man draws when in need of it. (S, K. *) Bishr says, أَلَا أَبْلِغْ بَنِى سَعْدٍ رَسُولًا وَمَوْلَا هُمْ فَقَدْ حُلِبَتْ صُرَامُ

[Now deliver thou to Benoo-Saad a message, and to their chief, that the last milk in the udder has been drawn]: (S:) the last two words [the latter of which is written in the CK ↓ صَرامِ] are a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) the excuse has reached its uttermost: (S, K:) thus says AO: (S:) IB says that صُرَامُ in the saying of Bishr means the she-camel that is termed ↓ الصَّرْمَآءُ, that has no milk; [i.e. that the phrase means the she-camel that has now no milk has been milked;] and that he makes it a proper name; and that he [also] means thereby the latter of the two senses here following. (TA.) b2: الصُّرَامُ is also one of the names for War, or battle; (As, S, K; *) and so ↓ صَرَامِ, [indecl.,] like قَطَامِ: (K:) and one of the names for calamity, or misfortune. (As, S, K. * [See also صَيْرَمٌ.]) صِرَامٌ: see صَرَامٌ. b2: Sometimes it is applied to signify Palm-trees themselves; because the fruit is cut off: so in a trad. (TA.) صَرُومٌ: see صَارِمٌ, in two places. b2: Also a she-camel that will not come to the watering-trough to drink until it is left to her unoccupied; (K, TA;) cutting herself off from the other camels. (TA.) صَرِيمٌ i. q. ↓ مَصْرُومٌ, (M, Msb,) Cut; cut through; or cut off, or severed: (S, Msb, K:) and having the fruit cut off; syn. مَجْدُودٌ; (S, K;) applied to palm-trees (نَخْل). (M.) and the former, A heap (كُدْس) of corn or the like that has been cut, or of which the produce has been cut off; syn. ↓ مَصْرُومٌ. (M, TA.) and Whose ear has been cut off entirely (اَلَّذِى صُرِمَتْ

أُذُنُهُ): pl. صُرْمٌ. (TA. [See also the fem., with ة, voce بَحِيرَةٌ, where the pl. is said to be صُرُمٌ.]) b2: [Applied to the lungs, it means properly Burst asunder. Hence the saying,] جَآءَ صَرِيمَ سَحَرٍ, [so in copies of the K, accord. the TA سِحْر, but correctly either سَحَرٍ or سَحْرٍ q. v., in the CK باءَ and صَرِيمُ, which last word is obviously wrong,] meaning (tropical:) He came disappointed of attaining what he desired, or sought, and in a state of despair. (K, TA.) And هُوَ صَرَيمُ سحرٍ عَلَى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [i. e. صَرِيمُ سَحْرٍ or سَحَرٍ] (tropical:) He is wearied and eager for this thing, or affair. (TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) An affair decided, determined, or resolved, upon. (M, TA.) b4: Used as a subst., see صَرِيمَةٌ, in two places. b5: Also (assumed tropical:) The daybreak, or dawn; (S, M, K;) because cut off from the night; (M;) as also ↓ صَرِيمَةٌ: (S:) and the night; (ISk, M, K;) because cut off from the day; (M;) or the dark night: (S:) thus having two contr. meanings: (S, K:) and a portion thereof; (Th, M, K;) i. e., of the night; (TA;) as also ↓ صَرِيمَةٌ: (M, K:) and صَرِيمَا اللَّيْلِ the first and last parts, or beginning and end, of the night. (TA.) The phrase in the Kur [lxviii. 20] فَأَصْبَحَتٌ كَالصَّرِيمِ means [And it became in the morning] burnt up and black like the night: (S, M, Bd, TA:) or like the dark night, being burnt up: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or like the black night: (Katádeh, TA:) or like the day, by its whiteness from excessive dryness: (Bd:) or like that garden of which the fruits have been cut off: (Bd, TA: *) or like the sands [that are termed صَرِيم (see صَرِيمَةٌ)]: (Bd:) or the meaning of صريم in this instance is that which here next follows. (TA.) b6: Black land, that does not give growth to anything. (K.) b7: And A piece of wood, or stick, which is placed across upon the mouth of a kid, (M, K,) or of a young weaned camel, and then tied to his head, (M,) in order that he may not such. (M, K.) A2: See also صَارِمٌ.

صَرَامَةٌ (tropical:) A man (TA) who follows his own opinion, cutting himself off from consultation with others: (M, TA:) or who acts with penetrative energy, or vigorousness and effectiveness, in the performing of his affairs: an inf. n. used as an epithet. (TA.) صُرَامَةٌ What is cut off [of the fruit] of palmtrees. (Lh, M.) صَرِيمَةٌ Land (أَرْض) of which the seed-produce has been reaped: (S, K:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (TA.) b2: and A portion, (S, M, K,) or large portion, (TA,) detached from the main aggregate, of sand; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ صَرِيمٌ: (M, K:) [or the latter is a coll. gen. n., being used in a pl. sense:] one says أَفْعَى صَرِيمَةٍ (S) or ↓ صَرِيمٍ (K) [A viper of a detached sand-heap or of detached sand-heaps]; like as one says حَيَّةُ خَلٍّ. (S in art. خل.) b3: And A group, or an assemblage, (S,) or a detached number, (M,) of the trees called غَضًا, and سَلَم, (S, M,) and أَرْطًى, and of palm-trees; and likewise ↓ صِرْمَةٌ, of أَرْطًى, and of سَمُر. (M.) b4: See also صَرِيمٌ, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Decision, or determination, (S, M, K TA,) عَلَى شَىْءٍ [to do a thing]: (S, TA:) and the deciding of an affair, (M, K, TA,) and the firm, or sound, execution thereof: (TA:) or an object of want upon accomplishment of which one has decided, or determined; as also عَزِيمَةٌ: (AHeyth, TA:) pl. صَرَائِمُ. (TA.) One says, هُوَ مَاضِ الصَّرِيمَةِ and الصَّرَائِمِ [He is effective of decision &c. and of decisions &c.]. (TA.) b2: See also صُرْمٌ.

صُرَيْمَةٌ A detached number [or a small detached number, for it is app. dim. of صِرْمَةٌ,] of camels. (TA.) صَرَّامٌ: see صَارِمٌ. b2: Also A preparer, or seller, of صَرْم, (MA,) whence it is derived, (Mgh,) i. e. skin, or leather: (MA:) or it signifies as expl. voce صِرْمٌ, last sentence. (TA.) صَارِمٌ Cutting; cutting through; or cutting off, or severing; and Sb says that ↓ صَرِيمٌ is used in the same sense, like as ضَرِيب in the phrase ضَرِيبُ قِدَاحٍ is used in the sense of ضَارِب. (M.) إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَارِمِينَ, in the Kur [lxviii. 22], means If ye be deciding, or determining, upon the cutting off of the fruit of the palm-trees. (TA.) b2: and (assumed tropical:) A man cutting, or severing, his bond of union; or one who cuts, or severs, that bond; and so [but in an intensive sense] ↓ صَرَّامٌ and ↓ صَرُومٌ; (M;) or this last signifies, (M, K,) as also ↓ صُرَامٌ, (K,) having strength to cut, or sever, (M, K,) the bond of his union. (M.) b3: Also, applied to a sword, (S, M, Msb, K,) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ صَرُومٌ, (M, K,) Sharp, (S, M, Msb, K,) and not bending: (M:) pl. of the former صَوَارِمُ. (TA.) b4: And the former, (S, M, K, TA,) applied to a man, (S, M, TA,) as being likened to a sword, (TA,) (tropical:) Hardy, strong, or sturdy, (S, TA,) or sharp, penetrating, or vigorous and effective, (M, K, TA,) and courageous. (S, M, K, TA.) b5: And الصَّارِمُ (tropical:) The lion. (K, TA.) صَيْرَمٌ A calamity (K, TA) that extirpates everything. (TA. [See also صُرَامٌ, last sentence.]) A2: Also Firm, or sound, of judgment. (K.) A3: And i. q. وَجْبَةٌ, (S, M, K,) like صَيْلَمٌ, (TA,) i. e. An eating once in the day: (M, K, * TA: *) or, accord. to Yaakoob, an eating at the time [of morning] called الضُّحَى (M, TA) [and not again] to the like time of the morrow: (TA:) one says, فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ الصَّيْرَمَ (S, M, * K *) i. e. [Such a one eats] once (K, TA) in the day: but AHát says, I asked El-Asma'ee respecting the بَزْمَة and the صَيْرَم, and he said, I know it not: this is the language of the devil. (TA.) أَصْرَمُ A man having the extremity of his ear cut off. (Mgh.) b2: See also مُصْرِمٌ. b3: Also [the fem.] صَرْمَآءُ A she-camel having little milk; (M, K;) because her abundance of milk has become cut off: (M:) pl. صُرْمٌ. (K.) See also صُرَامٌ. [In the Ham, p. 230, it is implied that it signifies A she-camel such as is termed ↓ مُصَرَّمَةٌ as meaning whose أَخْلَاف (or teats) have been cut off: for it is there said that the poet 'Orweh has applied the term صَرْمَآء to (assumed tropical:) a cooking-pot, likening it to the she-camel termed مُصَرَّمَةٌ meaning as expl. above.]

b4: Also, (S, K,) or فَلَاةٌ صَرْمَآءُ, (M,) A desert in which is no water. (S, M, K. [See also one of the explanations of the dual, here following.]) b5: الأَصْرَمَانِ signifies The wolf and the crow; (ISk, S, M, K;) because of their separating themselves (ISk, S, M) from mankind: (ISk, S:) and the [bird called] صُرَد and the crow: and the night and the day; (K, TA;) because each is cut off from the other. (TA.) El-Marrár says, عَلَى صَرْمَآءَ فِيهَا أَصْرَمَاهَا وَخِرِّيتُ الفَلَاةِ بِهَا مَلِيلُ

[Upon a waterless desert, in which are its wolf and crow, and in which the skilful guide of the desert is burned by the sun]. (ISk, S, M.) and تَرَكْتُهُ بِوَحْشِ الأَصْرَمَيْنِ is a saying mentioned by Lh, but not expl. by him: (M, TA:) ISd says, (TA,) in my opinion it means, [I left him in] the desert, or waterless desert: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Z, in a desert, or waterless desert, in which was nothing but the wolf and the crow. (TA.) مَصْرِمٌ A narrow place, that quickly flows with water: (K, TA:) so called because the flow of water is quickly cut off from it. (TA.) مُصْرِمٌ A possessor of a صِرْمَة of camels. (TA.) b2: And [hence], as also ↓ أَصْرَمُ, (M, K,) Having little property: (M:) or poor, [and] having a numerous household, or family. (K.) One says, كَلَأٌ تِيجَعُ مِنْهُ كَبِدُ المُصْرِمِ [Herbage by reason of which the liver of him who has little property is pained]; i. e., abundant, so that when he who has little property sees it, he grieves that he has not many camels which he may pasture upon it. (M.) مِصْرَمٌ The curved knife of the parer of spindles. (S, MA, K.) مُصَرَّمَةٌ A she-camel whose [fore or kind] pair of teats have been cut off, (S, M, K,) in order that the إِحْلِيل [or orifice through which the milk passes forth from the udder of each teat] may dry up and the milk not issue, for the purpose of giving greater strength to her: and (AA used to say, S) this is sometimes in consequence of the stoppage of the milk, something having happened to the udder, for which it is cauterized, and her milk stops, (S, K,) no milk ever issuing from the udder: (S:) see also صَرْمَآءُ, voce أَصْرَمُ: or مُصَرَّمَةُ الأَطْبَآءِ means a she-camel treated (عُولِجَتْ) so that her milk has stopped. (Mgh.) مَصْرُومٌ: see صَرِيمٌ, first and second sentences.

سرج

1 سَرَجَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. سَرْجٌ, (TK,) (assumed tropical:) He lied; as also سَرِجَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K;) but the latter is outweighed [in authority]; (TA;) like سَدَجَ: (O:) and so ↓ سرّج: (TA:) and شَرَجَ. (O and K * in art. شرج.) You say, ↓ تَكَلَّمَ فُلَانٌ بِكَلِمَةٍ فَسَرَجَ عَلَيْهَا بِأُسْرُوجَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one spoke a word, or sentence, and followed it with a lie]. (O.) b2: And سَرَجَ الكَذِبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَرْجٌ, (assumed tropical:) He forged the lie. (TA.) [See also 2.]

A2: سَرَجٌ, as an inf. n., signifies The being bright, or shining. (KL.) b2: [And hence,] سَرِجَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَرَجٌ, (TK,) said of one's face, (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, beautiful: (O:) or, said of a man, (TA,) (tropical:) he was or became, beautiful in his face: (K, TA:) but said by some, to be post-classical; and by some, to be strange. (TA.) A3: سَرَجَتْ شَعْرَهَا, (O, K, TA, but not in the CK,) and ↓ سرّجت, (K, TA, but not in the O,) [thought by SM to be a mistranscription for سرّحت, with the unpointed ح,] She (a woman, O) plaited her hair; (O, K;) like سَجَرَتْهُ. (O.) A4: [سَرَجَ, aor. ـُ expl. as signifying “ Ephippio instruxit instravitve equum ” by Golius and Freytag, by the latter as on the authority of the S and K, I do not find in either of those lexicons, nor in any other. The verb having this meaning is اسرج only.]2 سرّجهُ, (A, K,) inf. n. تَسْرِيجٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He rendered it beautiful; (A, K;) namely, a person's face; said of God: (A:) (assumed tropical:) he adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished, it; namely, a thing. (L.) The meaning given in the K [and A] has the authority of El-Beyhakee and IKtt and Es-Sarakustee and IKoot; but Aboo-' AbdAllah Mohammad Ibn-Esh-Shádhilee thought it to be not of established authority as belonging to the ancient language. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, سَرِّجْ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرَكَ (assumed tropical:) Embellish and elucidate thou to him thy affair, or case. (Ham p. 326.) b2: And i. q. وَفَّقَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him, or it, to a right course, or issue]. (TA.) b3: One says also, ↓ سرّج عَلَىَّ أُسْرُوجَةً (tropical:) [He forged against me a lie]. (A, TA.) And عَلَىَّ ↓ تسرّج (tropical:) He lied, or lied purposely, against me. (A, TA. [See also تسدّج.]) And إِنَّهُ يُسَرِّجُ الأَحَادِيثَ (tropical:) [Verily he forges traditions, or stories]. (A, TA.) b4: See also 1, first sentence.

A2: سرّجت شَعْرَهَا: see 1.4 أَسْرَجْتُ السِّرَاجَ (O, Msb, TA) I lighted the lamp, or wick. (Msb, TA.) b2: [And اسرج signifies also He lighted himself or another with a lamp &c.; and so ↓ استسرج: or each of these, with بِهِ following it, he employed it (i. e. a lamp, or oil, &c.,) as a means of light: see اِصْطَبَحَ, in art. صبح.]

A2: أَسْرَجْتُ الدَّابَّةَ, (S, K, *) or الفَرَسَ, (Msb,) I bound the saddle, or his saddle, upon the beast, or horse: (Msb, K:) or I made a saddle for the [beast, or] horse. (Msb.) 5 تَسَرَّجَ see 2.10 إِسْتَسْرَجَ see 4.

Q. Q. 1 سَرْجَنَ الأَرْضَ He manured the land with سِرْجِين. (L in art. سرجن.) سَرْجٌ A certain appertenance of a horse or similar beast, (Msb, K, *) well known; (S, Msb;) i. e., his رَحْل [or saddle]: (TA:) an Arabic word; or, accord. to the Shifá el-Ghaleel, arabicized from سرك [which is written by Freytag شرك, and said by him to be Pers\., but I know not either of these two words in Pers\. with an apposite meaning]: (TA:) dim. ↓ سُرَيْجٌ: (Msb:) and pl. سُرُوجٌ. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] مَالَ سَرْجُكَ (assumed tropical:) Thy affair, or case, was or has become, in a disordered, or an unsound, state: a proverbial saying. (Ham p. 242.) سُرْجَجٌ Continuing, or lasting; or continuing, or lasting, long; or, for ever. (O, K.) سُرْجُوجٌ Foolish, or stupid. (O, K.) سِرْجِينٌ i. q. زِبْلٌ [i. e. dung of horses or other solid-hoofed animals, or fresh dung of camels, sheep and goats, wild oxen, and the like; used for manure]: (Msb, and K in art. سرجن:) a foreign, or Pers\., word, (Msb,) originally سَرْكِين, [meaning سَرْگِينْ,] (Msb, K,) arabicized, (Msb, and S and K in art. سرجن,) by the conversion of the ك [or گ] into ج, and also into ق, so that one says also سِرْقِينٌ [q. v.]: As is related to have said, I know not how to say it, and I only say رَوْثٌ: it is with kesr to the first letter in order to agree with Arabic words; fet-h not being allowable, because there is no instance of the measure فَعْلِيلٌ; though it is said in the M to be سِرْجِينٌ and سَرْجِينٌ: (Msb:) [the word being arabicized, all its letters should be regarded as radical; but] many assert the ن to be augmentative [and therefore mention the word, or the two words, in the present art., as does the author of the Msb]. (TA.) سُرْجُوجَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ سِرجِيجَةٌ (O, K) Nature; or natural, native, or innate, disposition, or temper, or the like: (S, O, K, TA:) and a way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. (S, O, TA.) One says, هُمْ عَلَى سُرْجُوجَةٍ

وَاحِدَةٍ They are of one uniform nature or disposition. (As, S, O.) And الكَرَمُ مِنْ سِرْجِيجَتِهِ and سُرْجُوجَتِهِ Generosity is a quality of his nature or disposition. (Lh, TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَكَرِيمُ السُّرْجُوجَةِ and السِّرْجِيجَةِ Verily he is generous of nature or disposition. (Az, TA.) سِرْجِيجَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سِرَاجٌ a word of well-known meaning; (S, O, K;) i. q. مِصْبَاحٌ [i. e. A lamp, or its lighted wick, (the latter of which meanings is assigned to both of these words by Jel in xxiv. 35,)] (L, Msb, TA) that gives light by night: (L, TA:) or, properly, a lighted wick; its employment to signify the place thereof [i. e. a lamp, generally a vessel of glass having in its bottom a small glass tube into which the lower part of the wick is inserted,] being a well-known tropical application: (MF, TA:) pl. سُرُجٌ. (O, Msb, TA.) [See also مَسْرَجَةٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] the sun is called a سِرَاج [in the Kur lxxi. 15, and also xxv. 62, and lxxviii. 13], (S, O,) and السِّرَاجُ, (K,) and سِرَاجُ النَّهَارِ (tropical:) [The lamp of day]. (A, TA.) So too is the Prophet. (Kur xxxiii. 45.) 'Omar, also, is called in a trad.

سِرَاجُ أَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ (assumed tropical:) [The lamp of the people of Paradise]. (TA.) And one says, الهُدِى سِرَاجٌ المُؤْمِنِينَ (tropical:) [The Kur-án is the lamp of the believers], (A,) or سِرَاجُ المُؤْمِنِ [the lamp of the believer]. (TA.) b3: Also, metaphorically, (tropical:) The eye; because of its being often likened to a سِرَاج. (Har p. 554.) سُرَيْجٌ dim. of سَرْجٌ, q. v. (Msb.) سِرَاجَةٌ The craft, or occupation, of the سَرَّاج [or saddler]. (O, K, TA.) سُيُوفٌ سُرَيْجِيَّةٌ, (O, K,) or سُرَيْجِيَّاتٌ, (As, S,) Certain swords so called in relation to a blacksmith named سُرَيْجٌ: (As, S, O, K:) or they may be so called because having much water, and [glistening] wavy marks or streaks or grain. (Ham p. 326.) [See also مُسَرَّجٌ.]

سَرَّاجٌ A saddler; i. e. a maker of سُرُوج [or saddles]: (O, K, * TA:) or a seller thereof. (TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) A great, or habitual, liar, (K, TA,) who will not tell thee truly whence he comes, but will tell thee lyingly. (TA.) One says, إِنَّهُ سَرَّاجٌ مَرَّاجٌ (tropical:) Verily he is a lying person, (A,) or a great, or habitual, liar, (TA,) who adds, or exaggerates, (يَزِيدُ,) in his narration, or talk, or discourse. (A, TA.) And it is used alone, [without مَرَّاجٌ,] so that one says, رَجُلٌ سَرَّاجٌ (tropical:) [A man who lies much, or habitually, &c.]. (TA.) [See also سَدَّاجٌ.]

جَبِينٌ سَارِجٌ (assumed tropical:) [A side of a forehead, or a forehead itself,] clear, or white, [and bright,] like the سِرَاج [or lamp]. (Th, TA.) سِيرَجٌ i. q. شَيْرَجٌ; (TA in the present art. and in art. شرج; [but in the present art., غير الشَّيْرَجِ is erroneously put for عَيْنُ الشَّيْرَجِ, meaning the same as الشيرج;]) but vulgar; (TA in art. شرج;) i. e. Oil of sesame, or sesamum: an arabicized word, from [the Pers\.] شِيرَهٌ. (TA in the present art.) أُسْرُوجَةٌ (tropical:) A lie. (TA.) See 1 and 2.

مُسْرَجٌ, applied to a horse, (A,) or beast (دَابَّةٌ), [or app., when applied to the latter, with ة,] Saddled; i. e. having the سَرْج bound upon it. (TA.) مَسْرَجَةٌ, with fet-h (S, Mgh, O, Msb) to the م and ر, (Msb,) [A lamp; i. e.] the thing in which is the wick and the oil: (S, Mgh, O, TA:) and also the thing upon which the سِرَاج [app. here meaning lamp] is put: (O:) or the thing upon which the ↓ مِسْرَجَة is placed: (Msb:) or ↓ مِسْرَجَةٌ, with kesr, has the last of these meanings: مَسْرَجَةٌ, with fet-h, having the first thereof: or, as some say, the reverse is the case; (Mgh;) [i. e.]

↓ مِسْرَجَةٌ, with kesr, signifies the thing in which is the wick [and the oil]: and مَسْرَجَةٌ, with fet-h, the thing upon which that is put: (A, TA:) the pl. (of either, Mgh) is مَسَارِجُ. (Mgh, Msb.) [See also سِرَاجٌ.]

مِسْرَجَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

مُسَرَّجٌ (tropical:) A face rendered beautiful by God. (A.) b2: A nose beautiful in thinness and evenness: used in this sense by El-'Ajjáj: likened by him to the kind of sword called سُرَيْجِىّ. (S, O.)