عس

1 عَسَّ, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, A, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَسٌّ (S, O, Msb, K) and عَسَسٌ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ اعتسّ; (S, O, K;) He went roundabout, patrolled, or went the rounds, by night, (S, A, O, K,) to guard the people: (TA:) he made search by night after suspicious persons, or persons to be suspected, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) and investi-gated, or discovered, their opinions, or sentiments: (TA:) he went to and fro; syn. اِخْتَلَفَ. (Ham p. 320.) It is said in a prov., كَلْبٌ عَسَّ خَيْرٌ مِنْ كَلْبٍ رَبَضَ, (S, O,) or ↓ اعْتَسَّ; (O, K;) or, as some relate it, عَاسٌّ, and رَابِضٍ; (TA;) [A dog that has gone the rounds by night is better than a dog that has lain down; or a dog going the rounds &c.;] said for the purpose of urging to make gain: meaning that he who occupies himself in business is better than he who lacks power or ability: (TA:) or, as some relate it, كَلْبٌ عَسَّ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَسَدٍ

انْدَسَّ [a dog that has gone the rounds by night is better than a lion that has hidden himself]; alluding to the superiority of the weak who occupies himself in making gain over the strong who holds back. (O, TA.) You also say of a wolf, (S, O, K,) and of any beast of prey, (TA,) ↓ عَسْعَسَ, meaning, He went roundabout by night, (S, O, K, TA,) seeking for prey: (TA:) and ↓ تَعَسْعَسَ he (a wolf, TA) sought for prey (S, O, K, TA) by night: (S, TA:) and ↓ اعتسّ he [a man] sought, sought after, or sought to gain, sustenance: (S, O, K:) and ↓ تَعَسْعَسَ he (a wolf, AA, S) smelt [app. to find prey]. (AA, S, O, K. *) A2: عَسَّ خَبَرُهُ, (S, L, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. عَسٌّ, (L, TA,) His tidings were slow, or tardy. (S, L, K, TA. [In the O, خَيْرُهُ.]) b2: عَسَّتْ, aor. ـُ She (a camel) yielded little milk, though her milk had collected in her udder since the next previous milking. (TA.) b3: And عَسَّتْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عِسَاسٌ, She (a camel) grumbled much on being milked. (TA.) Hence, دَرَّتْ عِسَاسًا She yielded her milk unwillingly. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) b4: And عَسَّتْ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, TA,) inf. n. عَسٌّ, (TA,) She (a camel) pastured alone. (S, O, K.) b5: and عَسَّ عَلَىَّ بِخَيْرِهِ He was parsimonious to me with his wealth. (AA, TA.) A3: عَسَّهُ, (A,) aor. ـُ (S, A,) inf. n. عَسٌّ; (A;) and ↓ اعتسّهُ; (S, * K, * TA;) He sought, or sought for or after, him [or it]: (S, * A, K: *) or the latter, he sought, or sought for or after, it (a thing) by night. (TA.) You say, ذَهَبَ يَعُسُّ صَاحِبَهُ He went away seeking his companion. (A.) And الإِبِلَ ↓ اِعْتَسَسْنَا وَلَا قِسَاسًا ↓ فَمَا وَجَدْنَا عِسَاسًا We sought for the camels, or sought for them by night, and found not any trace. (TA.) And الآثَارَ ↓ فُلَانٌ يَعْتَسُّ Such a one traces footsteps. (A.) And ↓ يَعْتَسُّ الفُجُورَ He follows vice, immorality, or unrighteousness. (A.) A4: عَسَّ القَوْمَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. عَسٌّ, (TA,) He fed the people, or party, with somewhat little in quantity. (O, K, TA.) 8 إِعْتَسَ3َ see عَسَّ, in three places: b2: and عَسَّهُ, in four places. b3: You say also, اعتسّ بَلَدَ كَذَا He trod such a country, and knew its tidings. (TA.) b4: And اعتسّ النَّاقَةَ He sought to obtain the she-camel's milk. (TA.) b5: And اعتسّ الإِبِلَ He entered into the midst of the camels, and stroked their udders in order that they might yield their milk. (O, K. *) R. Q. 1 عَسْعَسَ: see عَسَّ. b2: عَسْعَسَ اللَّيْلُ The night came on: (AO, IAar, Msb:) or came on with its darkness; (TA;) its darkness came on: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or departed: (IDrd, O, K:) or it has this last meaning also; (AO, IAar, Msb;) bearing two contr. significations: (Ktr, AHát, Msb:) or was dark; meaning, all the night: (IAar:) Fr says that, in the Kur [lxxxi. 17], وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا عَسْعَسَ, accord. to all the expositors, signifies and by the night when it departeth: but that some of his companions asserted the meaning to be when its commencement approacheth, and it becometh dark: like as you say عَسْعَسَ السَّحَابُ, (S, O,) which signifies the clouds approached the earth: (Fr, S, O, K:) or this is only said when it is in the night, with darkness and lightning. (Lth, O, TA.) R. Q. 2 تَعَسْعَسَ: see عَسَّ, in two places.

جئْ بِالمَالِ مِنْ عَسِّكَ وَبِسِّكَ (S, O, K) [Bring thou the property] from where it is and where it is not: (TA:) i. q. مِنْ حَسِّكَ وَبَسِّكَ: (S, O, K, TA:) which means thus: (TA in art. حس:) or whence thou wilt: (S, O, K, TA, ibid.:) or from any, or every, quarter. (TA ibid.) عُسٌّ A [drinking-cup or bowl, of the kind called] قَدَح: (TA:) or a large قَدَح, (S, A, Mgh, O, L, Msb, K,) from which two or three or more [men] may satisfy their thirst; (L, TA;) larger than the غُمَر; (L, voce رِفْدٌ:) though this is greater in height; (TA;) and larger than the قَعْب; (IAar, in TA, voce قَعْبٌ;) but not so large as the رِفْد: (S, O:) pl. عِسَاسٌ (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and عِسَسَةٌ (TA) and [pl. of pauc.]

أَعْسَاسٌ. (IAth, Msb.) b2: Hence, one says, هُوَ لَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ العُسِّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) It is apparent, manifest, or conspicuous, to thee. (O in art. ظهر.) A2: And The penis. (O, K.) عَسَسٌ: see عَاسٌّ.

عُسُسٌ Slowness, or tardiness. (TA.) A2: Also, [in the CK, erroneously, عُسْعُس,] Covetous merchants or traders: (IAar, O, K, * TA:) accord. to [some of] the copies of the K, it signifies تُجَّارٌ and حُرَصَآءُ; but the conjunction should be omitted. (TA.) A3: And Large vessels. (IAar, O, K.) عِسَاسٌ A trace, footstep, vestige, or the like: see 1, latter part. (TA.) عَسُوسٌ A seeker: (TA:) [see عَاسٌّ:] or a seeker, or pursuer, of prey, or game, (S, O, K, TA,) by night, or at any time; applied to a wolf, or to any beast of prey: (TA:) or a wolf, or, as some say, any beast of prey, that seeks much for prey by night; as also ↓ عَسَّاسٌ and ↓ عَسْعَسٌ and ↓ عَسْعَاسٌ: (TA:) and hence, (S,) ↓ each of the last three, (S, O, K,) as well as the first, (K,) a wolf: (S, O, K:) and the first (عسوس), a dog that pursues much, and will not eat. (TA.) A2: Also A she-camel that yields little milk: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or that will not yield her milk until she becomes remote from men: (O, K:) and one that, when she is roused to be milked, goes along awhile, then goes roundabout, and then yields her milk: (O, * K, * TA:) and one evil in disposition when milked, (O, K, TA,) that grumbles much, (O, TA,) and goes aside from the other camels: (TA:) and one that kicks the milker, and spills the milk: (TA:) and one whose udder is stroked to try if she have milk or not. (O, K.) Also A she-camel that pastures alone; (Az, S, O, K;) like قَسُوسٌ. (Az, S, O.) And A she-camel that seeks after bones, and eats the flesh upon them تَرْتَمّٰهَا [in the TK erroneously تريمها]). (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: Also A woman who does not care for, or mind, her approaching men: (O, K:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, who ventures upon that which occasions suspicion, or evil opinion. (TA.) b3: And A man in whom is little, or no, good or goodness; or who does little good. (O, K.) b4: And One who is slow, or tardy. (TA.) عَسِيسٌ: see عَاسٌّ.

عَسَّاسٌ: see عَسُوسٌ; each in two places.

عَسْعَسٌ: see عَسُوسٌ; each in two places.

عَسْعَاسٌ: see عَسُوسٌ, in two places.

A2: Also The سَرَاب [or mirage]. (O, K.) عَسَاعِسُ Hedge-hogs: because of their often going to and fro by night. (S, O, K.) عَاسٌّ One who patrols, or goes the rounds, by night, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) for the Sultán, (Msb,) to guard the people: (TA:) who makes search by night after suspicious persons, or persons to be suspected, (S, A, O, K,) and investigates, or discovers, their opinions, or sentiments: (TA:) and any seeker of a thing: (A:) used as a sing and pl.: or it is a quasi-pl. n. also: being, without idghám, [i. e., in its original form, عَاسِسٌ.] like بَاقِرٌ and جَامِلٌ: (TA:) or the pl. is ↓ عَسَسٌ, (S, * A; O, Msb, * K,) or this is a quasi-pl. n., (TA,) and ↓ عَسِيسٌ, like حَجِيجٌ, (O, K,) [or this is also a quasi-pl. n.,] and عُسَّاسٌ and عَسَسَةٌ. (TA.) [See طَائِفٌ.]

مَعَسٌّ A place where a thing is sought, or to be sought; syn. مَطْلَبٌ. (S, O, K.) ISd cites, as an ex., from El-Akhtal, مُعَفَّرَةٌ لَا يُكْنِهُ السَّيْفُ وَسْطَهَا

إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا مَعَسٌّ وَطَالِبُ [Defiled with dust, the sword will not reach the middle of it if there be not in it a place where something is to be sought and a seeker]. (TA.) You say also, هُوَ قَرِيبُ المَعَسِّ [He, or it, is near as to the place where he, or it, is to be sought]. (TK.)

ذا

ذَا is said by Aboo-'Alee to be originally ذَىْ; the ى, though quiescent, being changed into ا: (M:) or it is originally ذَيَى or ذَوَى; the final radical letter being elided: some say that the original medial radical letter is ى because it has been heard to be pronounced with imáleh [and so it is now pronounced in Egypt]; but others say that it is و, and this is the more agreeable with analogy. (Msb.) It is a noun of indication, [properly meaning This, but sometimes, when repeated, better rendered that,] relating to an object of the masc. gender, (S, M, K,) such as is near: (I'Ak p. 36:) or it relates to what is distant [accord. to some, and therefore should always be rendered that]; and هٰذَا, [which see in what follows,] to what is near: (K in art. هَا: [but the former is generally held to relate to what is near, like the latter:]) or it is a noun denoting anything indicated that is seen by the speaker and the person addressed: the noun in it is ذَ, or ذ alone: and it is a noun of which the signification is vague and unknown until it is explained by what follows it, as when you say ذَا الرَّجُلُ [This man], and ذَا الفَرَسَ [This horse]: and the nom. and accus. and gen. are all alike: (T:) the fem. is ذِى (T, S, M, K, but omitted in the CK) and ذِهْ, (S, M, K, but omitted in the CK,) the latter used in the case of a pause, (S,) with a quiescent ه, which is a substitute for the ى, not a sign of the fem. gender, (S, M,) as it is in طَلْحَهْ and حَمْزَهْ, in which it is changed into ة when followed by a conjunctive alif, for in this case the ه in ذِه remains unchanged [but is meksoorah, as it is also in other cases of connexion with a following word]; and one says also ذهِى; (M;) and تَا and تِهْ: (S and K &c. in art. تا:) for the dual you say ذَانِ and تَانِ; (M;) ذَانِ is the dual form of ذَا (T, S) [and تَانِ is that of تَا used in the place of ذِى]; i. e., you indicate the masc. dual by ذَانِ in the nom. case, and ذَيْنِ in the accus. and gen.; and the fem. dual you indicate by تَانِ in the nom. case, and تَيْنِ in the accus. and gen.: (I'Ak p. 36:) the pl. is أُلَآءِ [or أُلَآءِ] (T, S, and I'Ak ib.) in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, (I'Ak,) and أُولَى [or أُلَى] (T, I'Ak) in the dial. of Temeem; each both masc. and fem. (I'Ak ib. [See art. الى.]) You say, ذَا أَخُوكَ [This is thy brother]: and ذِىأُخْتُكَ [This is thy sister]: (T:) and لَاآتِيكَ فِى ذِى السَّنَةِ [I will not come to thee in this year]; like as you say فى هٰذِهِ السَّنَةِ and فى هٰذِى السَّنَةِ; not فى ذَا السَّنَةِ, because ذا is always masc. (As, T.) And you say, ذَانِ أَخَوَاكَ [These two are thy two brothers]: and تَانِ أُخْتَاكَ [These two are thy two sisters]. (T.) and أُولَآءِ إِخْوَتُكَ [These are thy brothers]: and أُولَآءِ

أَخَوَاتُكَ [These are thy sisters]: thus making no difference between the masc. and the fem. in the pl. (T.) b2: The هَا that is used to give notice, to a person addressed, of something about to be said to him, is prefixed to ذَا [and to ذِى &c.], (T, S, M, K,) and is a particle without any meaning but inception: (T:) thus you say هٰذَا, (T, S, M,) and some say هٰذَاا, adding another ا; (Ks, T;) fem.

هٰذِى, (T, S, M,) and [more commonly] هٰذِهْ in the case of a pause, (M,) and هٰذِهِ in other cases, (T, S,) and هَاتَا, and some say هٰذَاتِ, but this is unusual and disapproved: (T:) dual هٰذَانِ for the masc., and هَاتَانِ for the fem.; (T;) said by IJ to be not properly duals, but nouns formed to denote duals; (M;) and many of the Arabs say هٰذَانِّ; (T;) some, also, make هٰذَانِ indecl., like the sing. ذَا, reading [in the Kur xx. 66] إِنَّ هٰذَانِ لَسَاحِرَانِ [Verily these two are enchanters], and it has been said that this is of the dial. of Belhárith [or Benu-l-Hárith] Ibn-Kaab; but others make it decl., reading إِنَّ هٰذَايْنِ لَسَاحِرَانِ: (S, TA: [see, however, what has been said respecting this phrase voce إِنَّ:]) the pl. is هٰؤُلَا in the dial. of Temeem, with a quiescent ا; and هٰؤُلَآءِ in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, with medd and hemz and khafd; and هٰؤُلَآءٍ in the dial. of Benoo-'Okeyl, with medd and hemz and tenween. (Az, T.) The Arabs also say, لَا هَا اللّٰهِ ذَا, introducing the name of God between هَا and ذَا; meaning No, by God; this is [my oath, or] that by which I swear. (T.) In the following verse, of Jemeel, وَأَتَى صَوَاحِبُهَا فَقُلْنَ هٰذَا الَّذِى

مَنَحَ المَوَدَّةَ غَيْرَنَا وَجَفَانَا [it is said that] هَذَا is for أَذَا, (M,) i. e., ه is here substituted for the interrogative hemzeh (S * and K in art. ها) [so that the meaning is, And her female companions came, and said, Is this he who gave love to other than us, and treated us unkindly?]: or, as some assert, هَذَا is here used for هٰذَا, the ا being suppressed for the sake of the measure. (El-Bedr El-Karáfee, TA in art. ها.) b3: One says also ذَاكَ, (T, S, M, K,) affixing to ذَا the ك of allocution, [q. v., meaning That,] relating to an object that is distant, (T, *, S, and I'Ak p. 36,) or, accord. to general opinion, to that which occupies a middle place between the near and the distant, (I'Ak pp. 36 and 37,) and this ك has no place in desinential syntax; (S, and I'Ak p. 36;) it does not occupy the place of a gen. nor of an accus., but is only affixed to ذا to denote the distance of ذا from the person addressed: (T:) for the fem. you say تِيكَ (T, S) and تَاكَ; (S and K in art. تا, q. v.;) but not ذِيكَ, for this is wrong, (T, S,) and is used only by the vulgar: (T:) for the dual you say ذَانِكَ (T, S) and ذَيْنِكَ, as in the phrases جَآءَنِى ذَانِكَ الرَّجُلَانِ [Those two men came to me] and رَأَيْتُ ذَيْنُكَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ, [I saw those two men]; (S;) and some say ذَانِّكَ, with teshdeed, (T, S,) [accord. to J] for the purpose of corroboration, and to add to the letters of the noun, (S,) but [accord. to others] this is dual of ذٰلِكَ, [which see in what follows,] the second ن being a substitute for the ل; (T on the authority of Zj and others;) and some say تَانِّكَ also, with tesh-deed, (T, S,) as well as تَانِكَ: (T in this art., and S and K in art. تا, but there omitted in some copies of the S:) the pl. is [أُولَاكَ and] أُولٰئِكَ. (T, S.) هَا is also prefixed to ذَاكَ; so that you say, هٰذَاكَ زَيْدٌ [That is Zeyd]: (S, TA:) and in like manner, for the fem., you say هَاتِيكَ and هَاتَاكَ: (S and K in art. تا:) but it is not prefixed [to the dual nor] to أُولٰئِكَ. (S.) b4: You also add ل in ذَاكَ, (T, S, M, K,) as a corroborative; (TA;) so that you say ذٰلِكَ, [meaning That,] (T, S, M, K,) relating to an object that is distant, by common consent; (I'Ak pp. 36 and 37;) or hemzeh, saying ذَائِكَ, (K,) but some say that this is a mispronunciation: (TA in art. ذوى:) for the fem. you say تِلْكَ and تَالِكَ: the dual of ذٰلِكَ is ذَانِّكَ, mentioned above; and that of the fem. is ثَانِّكَ: (T: [and in the K in art. تا, تَالِكَ is also mentioned as a dual, as well as a sing.:]) and the pl. is أُولَالِكَ. (S and M and K voce أُولَى or أُلَى or أُلَا. [See art. الى.]) هَا is not prefixed to ذٰلِكَ (S) nor to تِلْكَ [nor to أُولَالِكَ] because, as IB says, the ل denotes the remoteness of that which is indicated and the ها denotes its nearness, so that the two are incompatible. (TA in art. تا.) b5: In the saying in the Kur [ii. 256, the Verse of the Throne], مَنْ ذَا الَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ, (T, TA,) accord. to Th and Mbr, (TA,) هٰذَا is syn. with ذا [so that the meaning is, Who is this that shall intercede with Him but by his permission?]: (T, TA:) or it may be here redundant [so that the meaning is, Who is he that &c.?]. (Kull.) b6: It is sometimes syn. with اَلَّذِى. (T, S, M.) So in the saying, مَا ذَا رَأَيْتَ [What is it that thou sawest?]; to which one may answer, مَتَاعٌ حَسَنٌ [A goodly commodity]. (Sb, S.) and so in the Kur [ii. 220 (erroneously stated as 216 in Lane's original)], وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنْفِقُونَ[And they ask thee what amount of their property is it that they shall expend in alms]; (T, M, TA;) accord. to those who make the reply to be in the nom. case; for this shows that ما is [virtually] in the nom. case as an inchoative, and ذا is its enunciative, and ينفقون is the complement of ذا; and that ما and ذا are not to be regarded as one word: [or] this is the preferable way of explanation in the opinion of Sb, though he allowed the other way, [that of regarding ما and ذا as one word, together constituting an inchoative, and ينفقون as its enunciative, (see Ham p. 521,)] with [the reply in] the nom. case: (M:) and هٰذَا, also, is used in the same sense: (TA:) so too ذا in مَا ذَا هُوَ and مَنْ ذَا هُوَ may be considered as syn. with الذى; but it is preferable to regard it as redundant. (Kull.) b7: It is [said to be] redundant also in other instances: for ex., in the trad. of Jereer, as related by Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, who says that it is so in this instance: يَطْلُعُ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ذِى يَمَنٍ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ مَسْحَةٌ مِنْ ذِى مُلْكٍ

[There will come to you a man from El-Yemen, having upon his face an indication of dominion]. (TA. [But this evidently belongs to art. ذُو; in which see a similar ex. (أَتَيْنَا ذَا يَمَنٍ). See also other exs. there.]) b8: [كَذَا lit. means Like this: and hence, thus: as also هٰكَذَا. b9: It is also often used as one word, and, as such, is made the complement of a prefixed noun; as in سَنَةَ كَذَا and فِى سَنَةِ كَذَا In such a year. See also art. كَذَا: and see the letter ك.] b10: هٰذَا is sometimes used to express contempt, and mean estimation; as in the saying of 'Áïsheh respecting 'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Amr Ibn-'Abbás, يَا عَجَبًا لِابْنِ عَمْرٍو هٰذَا [O wonder (meaning how I wonder) at Ibn-'Amr, this fellow!]. (Kitáb el-Miftáh, cited in De Sacy's “ Gram. Ar.,” 2nd ed., i. 442.) [يَا هٰذَا often occurs as addressed to one who is held in mean estimation: it is like the Greek ὦ οὗτος, and virtually like the vulgar Arabic expression يَا أَنْتَ, and the Latin heus tu; agreeably with which it may be rendered O thou; meaning O thou fellow; an appellation denoting mean estimation being understood: in the contrary case, one says يَا فَتَى.

See also, in what follows, a usage of ذَاكَ and ذٰلِكَ. b11: هٰذَا in a letter and the like is introduced when the writer breaks off, turning to a new subject; and means “ This is all that I had to say on the subject to which, it relates: ” what follows it is commenced with the conjunction وَ.] b12: One says, لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ [and لَيْسَ بِذٰلِكَ], meaning It is not approved: for, [like as a person held in mean estimation is indicated by هٰذَا, which denotes a thing that is near, so,] on account of its high degree of estimation, a thing that is approved is indicated by that whereby one indicates a thing that is remote. (Kull voce ليس.) [See also what next follows.] b13: ذٰلِكَ الكِتَابُ in the Kur ii. 1 is said by Zj to mean هٰذَا الكِتَابُ [This book]: but others say that ذلك is here used because the book is remote [from others] in respect of highness and greatness of rank. (TA.) b14: كَذٰلِكَ [lit. Like that, often means so, or in like manner: and b15: ] Let that suffice [thee or] you. (TA in art. ذعر, from a trad.) b16: The dim. of ذَا is ذَيَّا: (T, S, M:) you form no dim. of the fem. ذِى, using in its stead that of تَا, (S,) which is تَيَّا: (T:) the dim. of the dual [ذَانِ] is ذَيَّانِ: (S:) and that of [the pl.] أُولَآءِ [and أُولَى] is أُولَيَّآءِ [and أُولَيَّا]: (T:) b17: that of هٰذَا is ذَيَّا, like that of ذَا; [and you may say هٰذَيَّا also; for] that of هٰؤُلَآءِ is هٰؤُلَيَّآءِ: (T:) b18: that of ذَاكَ is ذَيَّاكَ: (S, K: *) and that of تَاكَ is تَيَّاكَ: (K in art. تا:) b19: that of ذٰلِكَ is ذَيَّالِكَ: (S, K: *) and that of تِلْكَ is تَيَّالِكَ. (S.) A rájiz says, أَوْ تَحْلِفِى بِرَبِّكَ العَلِىِّ

إِنِّى أَبُو ذَيَّالِكِ الصَّبِىِّ [Or thou shalt swear by thy Lord, the High, that I am the father of that little child]: (S, TA:) he was an Arab who came from a journey, and found that his wife had given birth to a boy whom he disacknowledged. (TA.) A2: ذَا is also the accus. case of ذُو, q. v.