بزل

1 بَزَلَهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. بَزْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) He clave it, split it, or slit it; (K;) as also ↓ بزّلهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَبْزِيلٌ. (TA. [But the latter verb probably has an intensive or a frequentative sense, or applies to many objects.]) b2: He broached it, or pierced it, and drew forth what was in it. (Msb.) b3: He broached, or pierced, the vessel containing it, (IDrd, K, TA,) and drew it forth; (IDrd, TA;) namely wine, &c.; (IDrd, K, TA;) as also ↓ ابتزلهُ and ↓ تبزّلهُ. (K, * TA.) You say, الشَّرَابَ لِنَفْسِى ↓ اِبْتَزَلْتُ [I broached its vessel, and drew forth the wine, or beverage, for myself]. (TA.) b4: He removed it, or took it off, namely, the clay [that closed the mouth,] from the head of the دَنّ [or wine-jar]. (Har p. 140.) b5: He cleared it, or clarified it; namely, wine, or beverage; (K;) as also ↓ ابتزلهُ: but Az says, I know not البَزْلُ as signifying “the act of clearing, or clarifying.” (TA. [بَزَلْتُ الشَّرَابَ is mentioned, but not explained, in the S. The meaning there intended may be either the third or the last given above.]) b6: b7: (tropical:) He decided it, (K, TA,) and settled it firmly; (TA;) namely, a case, or an affair; or an opinion: (K, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) he decided it; namely, the judicial sentence. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) He originated it, or devised it; namely, his opinion. (TA.) b9: مَا عِنْدَهُ بُلْغَةٌ تَبْزُلُ حَاجَةً (assumed tropical:) He has not a sufficiency, or a sufficiency of the means of subsistence, that will satisfy a want. (Z, TA.) A2: بَزَلَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. بُزُولٌ (S, Msb, K) and بَزْلٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK بُزْل,]) It (the ناب [or tush] of a camel) clave the flesh, and came forth: (K, * TA:) or his (a camel's) ناب [or tush] clave the flesh, and came forth; (S, Msb;) [or he became such as is termed بَازِل; generally] by his entering the ninth year. (Msb.) b2: [And hence, as being likened to a camel that has attained his full strength,] inf. n. بزالة [written without any indication of the syll. signs, but most probably بَزَالَةٌ, though the verb seems to be بَزَلَ, not بَزُلَ,] (assumed tropical:) It (an opinion, or a judgment,) was, or became, right. (Msb.) 2 بَزَّلَ see 1.5 تبزّل and ↓ انبزل, (K, TA,) or ↓ ابتزل, (so the latter is written in the CK,) It clave, split, or slit; intrans.: (K:) or the former signifies it clave, split, or slit, much, in several places, or often; syn. تَشَقَّقَ: and ↓ the second, said of a طَلْع, [app. here meaning a spathe, rather than a spadix, of a palm-tree,] it clave, split, or burst. (S.) b2: Also, the first, said of the body, It burst forth, or flowed, with blood: and in like manner one says of a water-skin تبزّل and تبزّل بِالمَآءِ [it burst forth, or flowed, with water, or the water]. (TA.) A2: See also 1.7 إِنْبَزَلَ see 5, in two places.8 إِبْتَزَلَ see 1, in three places A2: and see 5.10 استبزلهُ He opened it; namely, a دَنّ [or wine-jar]. (Har p. 140.) أَمْرٌ ذُو بَزْلٍ A distressing, an afflictive, or a calamitous, affair or event or case. (S, K.) سِقَآءٌ فِيهِ بُزْلٌ A water-skin that bursts forth, or flows, with the water: pl. بُزُولٌ. (TA.) بَزْلَآءُ (tropical:) A great calamity or misfortune or disaster. (IDrd, K, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Difficulties, distresses, or afflictions. (IDrd, K.) You say, هُوَ نَهَّاضٌ بِبَزْلَآءِ (assumed tropical:) He is one who manages great affairs; (S, K, TA;) who has ability and strength to overcome difficulties. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Good judgment or opinion or counsel. (S, K.) b4: مَا لِفُلَانٍ بَزْلَآءُ يَعِيشُ بِهَا (assumed tropical:) Such a one has not determination, resolution, or decision, of judgment, whereby to live. (TA.) b5: هُوَ ذُو بَزْلَآءَ (assumed tropical:) He has a firm, or well-established, way, or manner, of acting, or conducting himself. (TA.) b6: خُطَّةٌ بَزْلَآءُ (tropical:) A great event that distinguishes that which is true and that which is false. (K, * TA.) بُزَالٌ The place that is broached, or pierced, in a vessel containing wine &c.; (K;) the place whence issues the thing [or liquid] whereof the containing vessel is broached, or pierced. (IDrd.) بِزَالٌ An iron instrument with which the مِبْزَل [or مَبْزَل?] of a wine-jar is opened. (Sgh, K.) بَزُولٌ: see بَازِلٌ in two places.

بَزِيلٌ, applied to wine or beverage, i. q. ↓ مُبْتَزَلٌ [which may mean either That whereof the containing vessel has been broached and which has been drawn forth, or that which is cleared or clarified; but more probably the former]. (Ibn-'Abbád.) بَازِلٌ, applied to a camel, the male and the female, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) That has cut its ناب [or tush]; (S, Msb, K;) by its entering the ninth year; (Msb;) or in its ninth year; (S, Mgh, K;) for then it cuts that tooth; (S, K;) or, as is sometimes the case, in the eighth year; (S;) and after this there is no age named: (IAar, K:) or a she-camel that has completed her ninth year, and attained her full strength: (Ham p. 506:) and ↓ بَزُولٌ signifies the same, applied to the male and the female: (IDrd, K:) or, accord. to Az, a she-camel is not termed بَازِلٌ; but the epithet ↓ بَزُولٌ is applied to her that has completed a year after cutting the tooth above mentioned, until she is termed ناب: (MF, TA:) the pl. (of بازل, S, Msb) is بَوَازِلُ (S, Msb, K) and بُزَّلٌ (S, K) and بُزْلٌ, (S,) or بُزُلٌ, like كُتُبٌ. (K.) بَازِلُ عَامٍ and بَازِلُ عَامَيْنِ signify That has passed a year, and two years, after cutting the tooth above mentioned. (MF, TA.) b2: Also The tooth that has come forth at the time above mentioned: (S, K:) pl. بَوَازِلُ. (IAar, K.) b3: And (tropical:) A man perfect in his experience and his intellect: (K, TA:) or rendered firm, or sound, in judgment by age and experience: so says IDrd: likened to the camel thus termed: (TA:) or old: opposed to جَذَعٌ, q. v. (IAar in art. جذع of the TA.) b4: And (tropical:) A case, or an affair, and an opinion, firmly settled or established. (TA.) b5: خَطْبٌ بَازِلٌ (assumed tropical:) A difficult, a distressing, or an afflicting, thing, affair, or business. (TA.) You say also, بُلَىَ بِأَشْهَبَ بَازِلٍ (assumed tropical:) He was afflicted with a difficult and distressing thing or event. (TA. [See also art. شهب.]) b6: شَجَّةٌ بَازِلَةٌ A wound in the head from which the blood flows: (S:) or such as is termed حَارِصَةٌ, (K,) i. e. مُتَلَاحِمَةٌ, (TA,) [but see these two words, and see شَجَّةٌ,] that cleaves the skin, but does not penetrate beyond it: (K:) the mulet for which is said to be three camels. (TA.) b7: مَا بَقِيتَ لَهُمْ بَازِلَةٌ is like the saying مَا بَقِيتَ لَهُمْ ثَاغِيَةٌ وَ لَا رَاغِيَةٌ, i. e. (tropical:) [There remained not to them] one [sheep or goat, or camel]. (S, TA.) You say also, مَا عِنْدَهُ بَازِلَةٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) There is not in his possession anything of property, or of camels &c.: (Yaakoob, S, K:) or, a sufficiency, or a sufficiency of the means of subsistence, that will satisfy a want. (Z, TA.) And لَا تَرَكَ اللّٰهُ عِنْدَهُ بَازِلَةً (assumed tropical:) [May God not leave in his possession] anything. (S.) And لَمْ يُعْطِهِمْ بَازِلَةً (assumed tropical:) [He did not give them] anything. (S.) مَبْزَلٌ app. The mouth of a wine-jar: see بِزَالٌ.]

مِبْزَلٌ A strainer, or thing with which wine, or beverage, is cleared, or clarified; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ مِبْزَلَةٌ. (K.) b2: An instrument for broaching, piercing, or perforating. (Msb.) مِبْزَلَةٌ: see مِبْزَلٌ.

مُبْتَزَلٌ: see بَزِيلٌ.

بطن

1 بَطُنَ, aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. بَطَانَةٌ, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, big, or large, in the belly, (K, TA,) in consequence of much eating. (TA.) b2: And بَطِنَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَطَنٌ, He (a man) was, or became, big, or large, in the belly, in consequence of satiety, (S, TA,) and disordered therein: (TA:) he was, or became, in a state of repletion, or much filled with food. (TA.) b3: b4: And [hence,] بَطِنَ signifies also (tropical:) i. q. أَشِرَ and بَطِرَ [He exulted, or exulted greatly, or excessively, and behaved insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: &c.]. (TA.) b5: بُطِنَ He (a man, S, TA) had a complaint of, or a disease in, or a pain in, his belly. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: بَطَنَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S, TA,) inf. n. بَطْنٌ, (TA,) He struck, or beat, his belly; as also بَطَنَ لَهُ, (S, K,) accord. to some, or the ل is added [only] in verse; (S;) and ↓ بطّنهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَبْطِينٌ. (TA.) b2: It (a disease) entered into him: [as though it penetrated into his belly: see 10:] in this sense it has for its inf. n. بُطُونٌ. (TA.) And بَطَنَتْ بِهِ الحُمَّى The fever produced an effect within him. (TA.) b3: He entered into it; namely, a valley; (S, TA;) in which sense it has for its inf. n. بَطْنٌ; and ↓ تبطّنهُ signifies the same: or the latter, he went about in it; namely, the valley; as also ↓ استبطنهُ. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) [He penetrated into it mentally;] he knew it; (Msb, K, TA;) namely, the news or story, or the state or case, of another: (K, TA:) (tropical:) he knew the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances thereof; (S, Msb, TA;) i. e., of a case, or an affair; (S, TA;) as also ↓ استبطنهُ: (K, A, TA:) and ↓ تبطّنهُ (assumed tropical:) he entered into it so that he knew its inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances. (Ham p. 688.) b5: بَطَنَ بِفُلَانٍ, accord. to the S and M, but in the K مِنْ فُلَانٍ, (TA,) (tropical:) He became one of his particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates, (S, K, TA,) entering into his affair [or affairs]: (TA:) or بَطَنَ بِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُطُونٌ and بَطَانَةٌ, means (assumed tropical:) he entered into his affair [or affairs]. (TA.) b6: And بَطَنَ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ said of a thing, (Msb,) It was, or became, unapparent, hidden, concealed, or covert; (K, TA;) contr. of ظَهَرَ. (Msb.) b7: See also 4.2 بطّنهُ, inf. n. تَبْطِينٌ: see 1. b2: See also 4. b3: He put a بِطَانَة, i. e. a lining, to it; namely, a garment, or piece of cloth; (S, K;) as also ↓ ابطنهُ. (K.) b4: بطّن لِحَيَتَهُ, inf. n. as above, He took, or cut off, from that part of his beard which was beneath the chin and lower jaw. (Sh, Nh, TA.) Accord. to the copies of the K, تَبْطِينُ اللِّحْيَةِ signifies the not doing so: but this is wrong. (TA.) 3 بَاطَنْتُ صَاحِبِى i. q. شددته [app. a mistranscription for شَاوَرْتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) I consulted with my companion in order to know what was in his mind]. (TA.) 4 ابطن البَعِيرَ, (IAar, S, K,) inf. n. إِبْطَانٌ, (S,) He bound, or made fast, the camel's بِطَان [or belly-girth]; (S, K;) as also ↓ بطّنهُ, accord. to the copies of the K; but this is a mistake for ↓ بَطَنَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَطْنٌ; which last verb, however, though said by Az to be a dial. var., is disallowed by IAar and by AHeyth. (TA.) b2: أَبْطَنْتُ السِّيْفَ كَشْحِى (S, TA) I put the sword beneath my waist. (TA.) And ابطن كَشْحَهُ سَيْفَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his sword to be his ↓ بِطَانَة [app. meaning his secret companion]. (TA.) [This seems to be from the phrase next following.] b3: أَبْطَنْتُ الرَّجُلَ (assumed tropical:) I made the man to be one of my particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates; (S, TA; *) took him as a بِطَانَة. (TA.) One says also, فُلَانًا دُونَكَ ↓ اِسْتَبْطَنْتُ (Ham p. 688; [there rendered by خامصته, app. a mistranscription for خَصَصْتُهُ; meaning (assumed tropical:) I took, or chose, such a one particularly, or specially, for my companion, in preference to thee: it is said in explanation of the phrase مُسْتَبْطِنًا سَيْفِى, which seems to mean (assumed tropical:) taking my sword as my special companion, or putting it beneath my waist; so that سَيْفَهُ ↓ استبطن is similar to one, or both, of two phrases mentioned above in this paragraph.]) b4: See also 2.5 تبطّن He filled the [meaning his] belly. (Har p. 176.) b2: تبطّن جَارِيَةً (Sh, S, TA) He made his بَطْن to be in contact with that of a girl, skin to skin: (Sh, TA:) or inivit puellam; i. e. أَوْلَحَ ذَكَرَهُ فِيهَا. (TA.) b3: تبطّن الكَلَأَ He was, or became, in the middle, or midst, of the herbage: (TA:) or he went round about in the herbage. (S.) See also 1, in two places.6 تباطن It (a place) was far-extending; one part thereof being remote from another. (TA.) 8 اِبْتَطَنْتُ النَّاقَةَ عَشَرَةَ أَبْطُنٍ I assisted the she-camel in bringing forth, or delivered her of her young, ten times. (S, TA. [Golius and Freytag render the verb by “ ventre enixa fuit: ” and the former renders the phrase above (incorrectly printed in his Lex.) by “ peperit camela decem vicibus. ”]) 10 استبطن الفَرَسَ He sought to find what young was in the belly of the mare. (TA.) b2: استبطن الفَحْلُ الشُّوَّلَ The stallion covered the she-camels raising their tails, so that they conceived, or received his seed into their wombs; as though [meaning] he deposited his seed in their bellies. (TA.) b3: استبطنهُ He, or it, entered [or penetrated] into his, or its, belly, or interior; [or was, or became, or lay, within it;] like as the vein enters [or penetrates] into [or lies within] (يَسْتَبْطِنُ) the flesh. (A, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْطَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ [I entered, or penetrated, into the thing, whether actually or mentally]. (S.) See 1, in two places. b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: اِسْتِبْطَانٌ also signifies The having, or holding, [a thing] concealed within. (PS.) [This explanation seems to be given to show that, in the opinion of the author of the PS, اِسْتَبْطَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ in the S means I had, or held, the thing concealed within.]

بَطْنٌ The belly, or abdomen; i. e. the part of the body which is separated from the جَوْف [i. e. chest, or thorax,] by the حِجَاب [i. e. midriff, or diaphragm]; containing the liver and the spleen and the stomach and the lower intestines &c.; (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ” [in which it is erroneously said to comprise also the lungs;]) contr. of ظَهْرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) of a man and of any animal: (TA:) of the masc. gender, (S, K,) and, accord. to AO, fem. also: (AHát, S:) pl. أَبْطُنٌ and بُطُونٌ (Az, Msb, K) and بُطْنَانٌ; (K;) the first a pl. of pauc.; and the second [as also the third] a pl. of mult., applied to more than ten. (Az, TA.) [Hence,] ذُو البَطْنِ [What is in the belly: but generally meaning] excrement, ordure, or dung. (K, TA.) You say, أَلْقَى ذَا بَطْنِهِ He (a man) ejected his excrement, or ordure. (TA.) and أَلْقَتْ ذَا بَطْنِهَا She (a woman, TA) brought forth; (K;) as also وَضَعَتْ ذَاتَ بَطْنِهَا: (TA in art. ذو:) and she (a hen) laid an egg. (K.) And نَثَرَتْ ذَا بَطْنِهَا, (T and Mgh in art. نثر,) and [elliptically]

نَثَرَتْ بَطْنَهَا, (T and A and Mgh in that art.,) She (a woman) brought forth many children. (T in that art.) And it is said in a prov., (TA,) الذِّئْبُ يُغْبَطُ بِذِى بَطْنِهِ [The wolf is envied for what is in his belly]: for one never thinks him to be hungry, but only thinks him to be in a state of repletion, because of his hostility to men and cattle, (A'Obeyd, K,) though he is sometimes distressed by hunger. (A'Obeyd. [See various readings of this prov. in Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 500 and 501.]) مَاتَتْ فِى بَطْنٍ, a phrase occurring in a trad., means She (a woman) died in childbirth. (TA.) See also فُلَانٌ ابْنُ بَطْنِهِ. بَطَنٌ. means (assumed tropical:) Such a one is solicitous for his belly. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. بنى.) [Many phrases in which the word بَطْن occurs will be found explained under other words of those phrases; as ظَهْرٌ, and أَخَذَ, and عُصْفُورٌ, &c.] بَطْنُ الحُوتِ: see الرِّشَآءُ. b2: Also The inside, or interior, of anything; syn. جَوْفٌ: and so ↓ بَاطِنٌ; syn. دَاخِلٌ: (K:) pl. of the former as above. (TA.) Thus بَطْنُ وَادٍ means The interior of a water-course or riverbed [or valley; i. e. its bottom, in which flows, occasionally or constantly, its torrent or river]. (MA.) And بَطْنُ مَكَّةَ means The interior of Mekkeh. (Bd in xlviii. 24.) [Hence,] it is said of the Kur-án, لِكُلِّ آيَةٍ مِنْهَا ظَهْرٌ وَ بَطْنٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) To every verse thereof is an apparent sense and a sense requiring development. (TA.) [See ظَهْرٌ.] See also بَاطِنٌ. [And its pl. بُطْنَانٌ is also used as a sing., meaning The middle, or midst, of a thing: and the lower, or lowest, part, or the foundation. Thus,] بُطْنَانُ الجَنَّةِ means The middle, or midst, of Paradise: (S, TA:) and بُطْنَانُ العَرْشِ, The lower, or lowest, part, or the foundation, of the عرش [vulgarly held to be the throne of God]. (TA.) You say also [بَطْنُ الكَفِّ and] الكَفِّ ↓ بَاطِنُ (assumed tropical:) The palm of the hand [opposed to ظَهْرُهَا and ظَاهِرُهَا]: and [بَطْنُ القَدَمِ and]

القَدَمِ ↓ بَاطِنُ (assumed tropical:) The sole of the foot [likewise opposed to ظَهْرُهَا and ظَاهِرُهَا]: (Zj in his “ Khalk-el-Insán: ”) and بَطْنُ الحَافِرُ (S in art. نسر) and الحَافِرِ ↓ بَاطِنُ (M and K in that art.) (assumed tropical:) [The sole of the solid hoof;] the part of the solid hoof in which is the نَسْر, q. v. (S and M and K in that art.) بَطْنُ الرَّاحَةِ is well known [as another name for بَطْنُ الكَفِّ, explained above; for الرَّاحَة is often used as syn. with الكَفّ]: and الخُفِّ ↓ بَاطِنُ is [said to be] (assumed tropical:) The part of the foot of a camel or the like that is next the leg: and one says, ↓ بَاطِنُ الإِبْطِ, [meaning (assumed tropical:) The armpit, or hollow of the inner side of the shoulder-joint,] but not بَطْنُ الإِبْطِ: (TA:) [and العُنُقِ ↓ بَاطِنُ the throat.] The بَطْن of a feather is (tropical:) The long, (S,) or longer, (K,) [or wider, i. e. inner,] lateral half: pl. بُطْنَانٌ; (S, K, TA;) which is explained as signifying the parts beneath the shaft: opposed to ظُهْرَانٌ, pl. of ظَهْرٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: Also A low, or depressed, tract, or portion, of land, or ground; (S, TA;) and so ↓ بَاطِنٌ: (TA:) [or a bottom, or low land; or a low, soft flat; i. e.] soft, plain, fine, low land or ground; opposed to ظَهْرٌ [q. v.]: (TA in art. ظهر:) pl. of the former, (S,) or of the latter, (K,) بُطْنَانٌ, (S, K,) a pl. of mult., (TA,) and أَبْطِنَةٌ, (K,) a pl. of pauc., and anomalous [as pl. of either]: (TA:) the former pl., in relation to land, is also used as a sing., like بَطْنٌ: (AHn, TA:) and accord. to ISh, بُطْنَانُ الأَرْضِ signifies the low, or depressed, tract, or tracts, of land, of the plain, or soft, parts thereof, and of the rugged, and of the meadows, where water rests and stagnates: and such tracts are also called بَوَاطِنُ and بُطُونٌ. (TA.) b4: بَطْنُ السَّمَآءِ and ظَهْرُ السَّمَآءِ both signify (assumed tropical:) The apparent, visible, part of the sky. (Fr, T voce ظَهْرٌ [q. v.].) A2: Also (tropical:) A tribe below that which is termed قَبِيلَة: (S, Msb, K, TA:) or next below the عِمَارَة: (S and TA voce شَعْبٌ, &c.:) or below the فَخِذ and above the عمارة: (K: [but for this I have found no other authority:]) of the masc. gender: (TA:) or [properly] fem.: but if حَيٌّ [said by some to signify a tribe, absolutely,] be meant thereby, it is masc.: (Msb:) or fem. if used in the sense of قَبِيلَة: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْطُنٌ and [of mult.]

بُطُونٌ. (Msb, K.) [See شَعْبٌ.]

بَطَنٌ Disease of the belly, (K, TA,) being a state of enlargement thereof arising from satiety; and so ↓ بَطْنٌ; whence the phrase مَاتَ بِالبَطْنِ He died by the disease of the belly. (TA.) بَطَنٌ One whose object of care, or anxiety, is his belly: (K:) or who has an inordinate desire, or appetite, for food; (S;) whom nothing causes care, or anxiety, but his belly; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مِبْطَانٌ: (TA:) or the former, (TA,) or ↓ the latter, (S,) ever large, or big, in the belly in consequence of much eating: (S, TA:) or ↓ both signify voracious; not ceasing from eating. (K.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) One who exults, or exults greatly, or excessively, and behaves insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: (TA:) or who does so, being abundant in wealth. (K, TA.) بِطْنَةٌ Repletion; the state of being much filled with food (S, K) and drink. (So in a copy of the S.) It is said in a prov., البِطْنَةُ تُذْهِبُ الفِطْنَةَ [Repletion banishes intelligence]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) Exultation, or great or excessive exultation, and insolent and unthankful, or ungrateful, behaviour. (K, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ بِبِطْنَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one died with his wealth complete, not having expended, or dispensed, anything thereof: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, this prov. relates to religion, and means (assumed tropical:) he went forth from the present world in a state of integrity, without any infringement of his religion. (TA.) [See also تَغَضْغَضَ, in two places.] [Hence also,] نَزَّتْ بِهِ البَطِنَةُ (assumed tropical:) Richness caused him to exult, or exult greatly, or excessively, and to behave insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully. (TA.) البَطِنَةُ i. q. الدُّبُرُ [The back, hinder part, posteriors, &c.]. (TA.) b2: بَطِنَاتُ الوَادِى The roads, or beaten tracks, of the valley. (TA.) بِطَانٌ [The belly-girth of a camel: or] the girth of the [kind of saddle called] قَتَب, (S, K,) which is put beneath the belly of the camel, and is like the تَصْدِير to the رَحْل: (S:) or the girth of the [saddle called] رَحْل: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْطِنَةٌ and [of mult.] بُطْنٌ. (K.) [Hence,] اِلْتَقَتْ حَلْقَتَا البِطَانِ [The two rings of the belly-girth met]: said of a case, or an affair, that has become severe, strait, or distressing. (S.) And رَجُلٌ عَرِيضُ البِطَانِ (tropical:) A man in ample and easy circumstances; or in an easy, or a pleasant, state or condition; or easy, or unstraitened, in mind. (K, TA. [See also art. عرض.]) And مَاتَ فُلَانٌ وَهُوَ عَرِيضُ البِطَانِ, meaning, accord. to A'Obeyd, (assumed tropical:) Such a one died broad in the fleshy parts (المَلَاحِم); nothing of him having gone. (TA. [But this seems to be said of a man's dying in a state of opulence: see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 601.]) بَطِينٌ, applied to a man, (K,) Big, or large, in the belly; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِبْطَانٌ: the former occurs, in a description of 'Alee, used as an epithet of praise: and signifies also big, or large, in the belly in consequence of much eating: and having the belly full; as also ↓ the latter: pl. of the former بِطَانٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, (tropical:) Full; applied to a purse [&c.]. (TA.) You say رَجُلٌ بَطِينُ الكُرْزِ (assumed tropical:) [lit. A man having the pair of provision-bags full]; meaning (assumed tropical:) a man who conceals his travel-ling-provision in a journey, and eats that of his companion. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Far; far-extending. (S, K, TA.) So in the phrase شَأْوٌ بَطِينٌ (assumed tropical:) [A farextending heat, or single run to a goal or limit], (S, TA,) and شَوْطٌ بَطِينٌ [signifying the same]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Wide, and low, or depressed; applied to a tract of land or ground. (Ham p. 506.) البُطَيْنُ One of the Mansions of the Moon; (S, K;) namely, the Second; (Kzw, &c.;) three small stars [e and p and n], (S, K,) disposed in the form of an equilateral triangle, (S,) as though they were three stones whereon a cooking-pot is placed, and forming the belly of the Ram; (S, K;) the appellation being made a diminutive because the Ram consists of many stars in the form of a ram; [so I here render حَمَل though it properly signifies a lamb;] the شَزَطَانِ being its two horns; and the بُطَيْن, its belly; [or, accord. to our configuration of Aries, the rump;] and the ثُرَيَّا, its rump, or tail; (S;) three obscure stars, forming the points of a triangle, in the belly of the Ram, between the شَرَطَانِ and the ثُرَيَّا; (Kzw, Mir-át ez-Zemán, &c.;) the three stars of which two are on the tail and one on the thigh of the Ram, forming an equilateral triangle. (Kzw in his description of Aries.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] The Arabs assert that it has no نَوْء

[here meaning effect upon the weather], except wind. (TA.) بِطَانَةٌ The lining, or inner covering, of a garment, or piece of cloth [&c.]; contr. of ظِهَارَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ بَاطِنَةٌ: (JK in art. ظهر:) pl. of the former بَطَائنُ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A secret (K, TA) that a man conceals. (TA.) One says, هُوَ ذُو بِطَانَةٍ بِفُلَانٍ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He is one who possesses knowledge of the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of the case, or affair, of such a one. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) A particular, or special, intimate, friend, or associate; (S, K, TA;) one who is particularly distinguished by entering into, and becoming acquainted with, the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of one's case or affair; (TA;) an intimate and familiar friend or associate; (Zj, TA;) a confidential friend, who is consulted respecting one's circumstances: (TA:) it is from the same word in the sense first explained above, relating to a garment, or piece of cloth: (Mgh, Er-Rághib:) and is used in a pl. sense, as meaning intimate and familiar friends or associates, to whom one is open, or unreserved, in conversation, and who know the inward state or circumstances [of one's case or affair]: (Zj, TA:) or one's family; and one's particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates. (Mgh.) You say, هُوَ بِطَانَتِى (tropical:) [He is my particular, or special, intimate, &c.]: and هُمْ بِطَانَتِى and أَهْلُ بِطَانَتِى (tropical:) [They are my particular, or special, intimates, &c.]. (A, TA.) See also 4. b4: Coupled with عَلَاوَة, it signifies What is put beneath [the things that compose the main load of a camel], such as a water-skin and the like. (TA.) b5: See also بَاطِنَةٌ.

بَاطِنٌ Unapparent; hidden; concealed; covert: (K, TA:) [and inward; inner; interior; internal; intrinsic; esoteric: in all these senses] contr. of ظَاهِرٌ. (Msb, TA.) b2: بَاطِنُ أَمْرٍ [The inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances, of a case or an affair]; (TA, &c.;) [and so أَمْرٍ ↓ بَطْنُ; whence the phrases,] أَفْرَشَنِى ظَهْرَ أَمْرِهِ وَبَطْنَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He displayed, or laid open, to me the outward state or circumstances of his case or affair, and the inward state or circumstances thereof]; and هُوَ مُجَرِّبٌ بَطْنَ الأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) [He is one who possesses experience of the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of affairs], as though he hit their bellies by his knowledge of their true, or real, states or circumstances. (TA.) b3: البَاطِنُ [The internal, inward, or intrinsic, state, condition, character, or circumstances, of a man: and the heart, meaning the secret thoughts; the recesses of the mind; the state of mind; the inward, or secret, disposition of the mind: opposed to الظَّاهِرُ. b4: Also,] an epithet applied to God, meaning He who knows the inward, or intrinsic, states or circumstances of things: (S:) or He who knows the secret and hidden things: or He who is veiled from the eyes and imaginations of created beings. (TA.) b5: [بَاطِنًا Covertly; secretly.] b6: See also بَاطِنَةٌ, in eight places. b7: بِطَانَةٌ also signifies A water-course, or place in which water flows, in rugged ground: pl. بُطْنَانٌ (K) and بُطْنٌ. (TA.) بَاطِنَةٌ: see بِطَانَةٌ. b2: Also The middle, and the retired part, of a كُورَة [i. e. province, or district, or city]: in the copies of the K erroneously written ↓ بِطَانَة, and explained as meaning the “ middle of a كورة. ” (TA.) الأَبْطَنُ A certain vein in the interior of the arm of the horse; one of two veins which are called الأَبْطَنَانِ: (S:) accord. to AO, these are two veins that penetrate into the interior of the arm until they become hidden among the sinews of the shank. (TA.) مُبَطَّنٌ, applied to a man, Lank in the belly: (S, K, TA:) fem. with ة. (S.) b2: Applied to a horse, White in the back and belly. (K.) b3: Lined; having a بِطَانَة put to it. (TA.) مِبْطَانٌ: see بَطِينٌ, in two places: and see بَطِنٌ, in three places.

مَبْطُونٌ Having a complaint of, or a disease in, or a pain in, his belly: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) one who dies of disease of his belly, as dropsy and the like: such is reckoned a martyr. (TA.)

بون

1 بَانَهُ, aor. ـُ (S in art. بين, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَوْنٌ, (Msb, TA,) i. q. بَانَهُ aor. ـِ (S ubi suprà K,) inf. n. بَيْنٌ, (TA,) meaning He excelled him; (S* ubi suprà, Msb;) he surpassed him in excellence and in manly virtue: so in the Iktitáf. (TA.) بَانٌ [a coll. gen. n., The ben-tree; a species of moringa; so in the present day;] a kind of tree, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) well known: (Msb:) n. un. with ة: (S, Mgh, Msb:) its seed, or grain, [called حَبُّ البَانِ and جَوْزُ البَانِ and فُسْتُقُ البَانِ, the glans unguentaria, or nux unguentaria, or ben-nut,] has a good, or pleasant, [fragrant] oil, (K,) called دُهْنُ البَانِ [oil of ben], (S, Mgh, Msb,) and simply بَانٌ, the prefixed noun being suppressed: (Mgh:) [Az says,] it is the pl. of بَانَةٌ. which is a certain tree having a fruit, or produce, which is perfumed with aromatics, after which its oil is expressed, of a good [or fragrant] quality: (T in art. بنى: its seed, or grain, is good for [removing] the [affections of the skin termed] بَرَش and نَمَش and كَلَف and حَصَف and بَهَق and سَعَفَة and the mange, or scab, and for the peeling of the skin, applied in the form of a liniment with vinegar; and for hardness of the liver and the spleen, made into a beverage with vinegar; and a مِثْقَال thereof, drunk, is an emetic, which loosens crude phlegm: (K:) AHn says, (TA,) it is a kind of tree that grows tall, in a straight, or an erect, manner, like as grows the [species of tamarisk called]

أَثْل, and its leaves are [of the kind termed] هَدَب, like those of the اثل, but its wood has no hardness: the n. un. is with پ: Aboo-Ziyád says, it is of the [trees called] عِضَاه, and has long هدب, intensely green; it grows upon [hills, or what are termed]

هَضْب; and its fruit resembles the pods of the [species of kidney-bean called] لُوبِيَآء, except that its greenness is intense; and in it is a seed, or grain, from which is extracted the oil of the بان: on account of the straightness of its growth and of the growth of its braches, and their length and tenderness, the poets liken thereto the tender girl of tall and beautiful, or just, stature; saying كَأَنَّهَا بَانَةٌ [As though she were a ben-tree], and كَأَنَّهَا غُصْنُ بَانٍ [As though she were a branch of the ben-tree], &c.: thus does Keys Ibn-El-Kha- teem: (M in art. بين:) and so does Imra-el- Keys. (TA.) [See an ex. voce بَرَهْرَهَةٌ.] b2: [It is also applied in the present day to A species of willow, the salix Aegyptia of Linnæus, properly called in Arabic خِلَاف: and this is said to be meant by modern Arab poets when they liken an elegant girl to a twig of the بان; but probably from their erroneously supposing this tree to be meant in the same case by the older poets.]

بَوْنٌ Excellence: an excellent quality; (S in art. بين, Msb;) as also ↓ بَوْنَةٌ: (IAar; T:) or the distance, space, or interval, between tow things; as also darr; بُونٌ. (M, K.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا بَوْنٌ بَعِيدٌ (T, S, Msb*) and بَيْنٌ بَعِيدٌ (T, S) [Between them two (meaning two men) is a wide distance]; i. e. between their tow degrees of rank or dignity, or between the estimations in which they are commonly held: (Msb:) the former phrase is the more chaste: (S:) when corporeal distance is meant, one says, بَيْنَهُمَا بَيْنٌ, with ى; (Msb;) or in the case of [literal] distance, one says, إِنَّ بَيْنَهُمَا لَبَيْنًا; not otherwise. (S.) بُونٌ: see بَوْنٌ.

بَوْنَةٌ: see بَوْنٌ b2: Also Mutual separation. (IAar, T.)

بله

1 بَلِهَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بَلَهٌ, (S, * Msb, K, * TA,) [and irregularly بَلَاهَةٌ and بُلَهْنِيَةٌ, (see بَلَهٌ, below,)] He was, or became, أَبْلَه [q. v.]; as also ↓ تبلّه; (S, K;) and ↓ ابتله: (TA:) or he was, or became, weak in intellect. (Msb.) b2: Also He was unable to adduce his argument, proof, or evidence, (K, TA,) by reason of his heedlessness, and his smallness, or lack, of discrimination. (TA.) 3 مُبَالَهَةٌ The showing stupidity [in an action or in one's actions, i. e. the acting stupidly,] with any one. (KL.) [You say, بالههُ He acted stupidly, or in the manner of him who is termed أَبْلَه, with him.]4 ابلههُ He found him, or knew him by experience, to be أَبْلَه [q. v.]. (K.) 5 تبلّه: see 1. b2: And see 6. b3: Also (tropical:) He journeyed, or proceeded, or pursued his way, without any sign of the road, or any track, to guide him, (Az, K, TA,) without following the right course, (Az, TA,) and without asking [to be directed]. (K, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) He prosecuted a search after a stray, or lost, beast. (JK, K.) 6 تباله He feigned بَلَه, or the attribute denoted by the term أَبْلَه: (S:) or he made use of that attribute [as a mask]; i . q. اِسْتَعْمَلَ البَلَهَ; as also ↓ تبلّه. (K.) 8 إِبْتَلَهَ see 1.

بَلْهَ is an indecl. word with fet-h for its termination, like كَيْفَ, and means دَعْ [Let alone, or say nothing of]; (S;) [i. e.] it is a noun for دَعْ; indecl.; (Mughnee, K;) a verbal noun, meaning دَعْ and أُتْرُكْ; (IAth, TA;) and the noun that follows it, when it is thus used, is in the accus. case; (Mughnee, K;) i. e. it is indecl., with fet-h for its termination, when the noun following it is in the accus. case; so that you say, بَلْهَ زَيْدًا [Let alone Zeyd, or say nothing of Zeyd]; like as you say, رُوَيْدَ زَيْدًا: (IB, TA:) and it is also an inf. n. in the sense of التَّرْكُ; likewise with fet-h for its termination, but decl.; and when it is thus used, the noun that follows it is in the gen. case; (Mughnee, K;) or it is put in the place of an inf. n., meaning تَرْكَ [which is virtually the same as اُتْرُكْ and دَعْ], and is prefixed to a noun in the gen. case; so that you say, بَلْهَ زَيْدٍ, i. e. تَرْكَ زَيْدٍ [which is virtually the same as بَلْهَ زَيْدًا explained above; for تَرْكَ زَيْدٍ is originally اُتْرُكْ زَيْدًا تَرْكًا, like as فَضَرْبَ الرِّقَابِ in the Kur xlvii. 4 is originally فاضْرِبُوا الرِّقَابَ ضَرْبًا]; (IAth, TA;) for in this case it cannot be regarded as a verbal noun, since verbal nouns are not prefixed to other nouns, governed by them in the gen. case: (IB, TA:) and it is also a noun syn. with كَيْفَ [How?]; likewise with fet-h for its termination, indecl.; and when it is thus used, the noun that follows it is in the nom. case. (Mughnee, K.) A poet says, describing swords, (S, Mughnee,) namely, Kaab Ibn-Málik, (S,) تَذَرُ الجَمَاجِمَ ضَاحِيًا هَامَتُهَا بَلْهَ الأَكُفَّ كَأَنَّهَا لَمْ تُخْلَقِ [They leave the skulls with their crowns lying open to the sun (let alone, or say nothing of, the hands) as though they had not been created]: (S, Mughnee:) he says, when they cut, or cut off, the crowns, then let alone, or say nothing of, the hands (فَدَعِ الأَكُفَّ): i. e., they are more fit for cutting off the hands: (TA:) Akh says that بله is here in the place of an inf. n.; that it is as when you say, ضَرْبَ زَيْدٍ: but الاكفّ may be in the accus. case; so that the meaning may be دَعِ الأَكُفَّ: (S:) the verse is thus recited in two different ways: and also بَلْهَ الأَكُفُّ [how then must be the case of the hands?]. (Mughnee.) And hence the prov., تُحْرِقُكَ النَّارُ إِنْ تَرَاهَا بَلْهَ أَنْ تَصْلَاهَا, i. e. The fire will burn thee if thou see it from a distance: then let alone, or say nothing of, (فَدَعْ,) thy entering into it. (TA.) A strange instance occurs in the Saheeh of El-Bukháree, in the explanation of the آلم of the chapter of السَّجْدَة [the 32nd ch. of the Kur]: he says, God says [by these three letters], أَعْدَدْتُ لِعِبَادِي الصَّالِحِينَ مَا لَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ وَ لَا خَطَرِ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ ذُخْرًا مِنْ بَلْهِ مَا اطَّلَعْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ: (Mughnee, K: *) or ما أَطَلَعْتُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ: (so in some copies of the K:) thus بله is used as a decl. word, governed in the gen. case by من, and deviating from the three meanings [explained above]: (Mughnee, K:) but the reading commonly known is, على قلب بشر بَلْهَ مَ أَطْلَعْتُهُمْ عليه; and this is the reading in the work of J, [the S,] and in the Nh, and other lexicological works: (TA:) it has been explained by غَيْر; [so that the meaning of the sentence as first related above is, I have prepared for my righteous servants what eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor hath it occurred to the mind of man, as a treasure for the future, (obviously taken from Isaiah lxiv. 4, quoted by St. Paul in 1 Cor. ii. 9,) save, or except, that with which ye have become acquainted, or that with which I have acquainted them; and the same, with the omission of “ as a treasure for the future, “is the meaning of the sentence as related in the S and Nh &c.;] (Mughnee, K;) i. e. سِوَى, as in the S; (TA;) and this corroborates, (Mughnee,) or is agreeable with, (K,) the opinion of those who reckon بله as an exceptive word: (Mughnee, K:) and as meaning أَجَلْ [app. a mistranscription for أَجْل; i. e., it has been explained also as meaning I have done all this because of my promise to them; (مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا أَطْلَعْتُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ because of that with which I have acquainted them;) and thus it may have been read by SM, for he has written اجل without any syll. signs; and has given no other ex. of بله in the sense here intended except one commencing with the words, بَلْهَ انِّى لَمْ أَخُنْ عَهْدًا, which may mean because I have not broken a covenant, or yea, verily I have not &c., accord. as we read أَنِّى or إِنِّى]: or as meaning كُفَّ [or rather كُفَّ عَنْ] and دَعْ [let alone, or say nothing of; but this explanation must relate to the sentence as given in the S and Nh]: (K, but omitted in an excellent copy of that work:) or, accord. to El-Ahmar, it means, in this trad. [as commonly known], كَيُفَ [how? which seems to be the least suitable of all these explanations]. (TA.) IAmb relates, on the authority of others, that بَلْهَ is also syn. with عَلَى: [but I think that this is a mistake, arising from a misunderstanding of what here follows:] Fr says that he who makes it to govern a gen. case regards it as used in the manner of عَلَى, and similar particles governing the gen. case. (TA.) b2: مَا بَلْهَكَ means مَا بَالُكَ [What is thy state, or condition, or case?]: (K, TA:) or مَا لَكَ [which often has this meaning: see the letter ل]. (So in some copies of the K.) بَلَهٌ and ↓ بَلَاهَةٌ [both properly inf. ns.; see 1;] The attribute, or quality, denoted by the epithet أَبْلَهٌ [q. v.]; (S, K;) i. e. heedlessness: (K:) or heedlessness of evil; (JK in explanation of the former, and K;) &c.; (K;) and ↓ بُلَهْنِيَةٌ signifies the same; and stupidity and languor. (JK.) بَلَهَآءُ: see أَبْلَهُ.

بُلَهْنِيَةٌ, (K,) or بَلَهْنِيَةُ العَيْشِ, (JK,) or مِنَ العَيْشِ, (S,) (tropical:) An easy and a plentiful, (S, K, TA,) or a pleasant and heedless, (JK, TA, *) state, or condition, of life: (JK, S, K, TA:) from عَيْشٌ أَبْلَهُ [q. v.]: (Har p. 216:) the word بلهنية is rendered quasi-coordinate to the quinqueliteral-radical class by ا at the end, which is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it: (S in art. بلهن:) it is like رُفَغْنِيَةٌ and رُفَهْنِيَةٌ: IB says that it should be mentioned in art. بله, and means عَيْشٌ أَبْلَهُ; the ن and ى being augmentative, to render it quasicoordinate to خُبَعْثِنَةٌ: it is mentioned in the K [and S] in arts. بلهن and بله: (TA in art. بلهن:) the ن is augmentative accord. to Sb. (S in the present art.) One says, لَا زِلْتَ مُلَقًّى بِتَهْنِئَةٍ

مُبَقًّى فِىبُلَهْنِيَةٍ (tropical:) [Mayest thou not cease to be greeted with congratulation, and made to continue in an easy and a plentiful state of life]. (A, K.) b2: See also بَلَهٌ.

بَلَاهَةٌ: see بَلَهٌ.

أَبْلَهُ Heedless: (K:) or heedless of evil (K, TA) by reason of his goodness: (TA:) or simple, foolish, or of little sense, without discrimination: (K:) or weak in intellect: (Msb:) accord. to En-Nadr, (TA,) one whose evilness is dead, (K, TA,) so that he is not cognizant of it: (TA:) good in disposition; having little cognizance, or understanding, of subtilties; or having little skill therein: (K:) or one whose predominant quality is freedom of the bosom, or heart, or mind, from evil affections; (S, K, TA;) and good opinion of men: (TA:) simple-hearted: (TK:) naturally disposed to goodness, and therefore heedless of evil, not knowing it: (T, TA:) or heedless with respect to the present world and its people and their corruptness and malevolence, but intelligent and skilled in the law with respect to that which is commanded and that which is forbidden: (Ah-mad Ibn-Hambal, TA:) fem. بَلْهَآءُ: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. بُلْهٌ: (S, Msb:) and ↓ بُلَهَآءُ, a pl., [as though the sing. were بَلِيهٌ,] signifies dull, stupid, or wanting in intelligence: but this is post-classical. (TA.) Hence, شَابٌّ أَبْلَهُ [A youth, or young man, who is heedless, &c.], because of his inexperience in affairs: the epithet is applied to a youth in like manner as freedom from care, or thought, and like as insanity, are attributed to him. (S.) and خَيْرُ أَوْلَادِنَا الأَبْلَهُ العَقُولُ (tropical:) [The best of our children is the heedless, &c., that has much intelligence]; (S, Msb;) a saying of Ez-Zibrikán Ibn-Bedr; (S;) meaning such as, by reason of his bashfulness, is like the ابله, (S, Msb,) so that he feigns heedlessness, and passes over things, (Msb,) though he has much intelligence; (S;) or such as is thought to be stupid, but, when examined, is found to be [very] intelligent. (IAth, TA in art. عقل.) And أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ البُلْهُ, a trad., meaning Most of the people of Paradise are the بُلْه [or heedless, &c.,] with respect to the present world, because of their being little concerned thereby, while they are intelligent with respect to the world to come; (S;) or they are thus termed because they are heedless of their affairs in the present world, and unskilful in the management thereof, and busy themselves with their affairs relating to the world to come. (TA.) b2: بَلْهَآءُ, applied to a woman, Generous, strong-hearted, (مَزِيرَةٌ, for المَرِيرَةُ in the copies of the K is a mistake for المَزِيرَةُ, with زاى, TA, [app. here meaning bold,]) inexperienced in affairs, and simple, or unintelligent. (K, * TA.) ISh cites a poet as applying this epithet to a young girl with whom he had sported, and who acquainted him with her secrets, by reason of her inexperience, and want of cunning, not knowing what that implied against her. (TA.) b3: Also, applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) That does not take fright, and flee from a thing, (ISh, A, K,) by reason of staidness, (ISh, K,) or heaviness, (A,) as though she were stupid. (ISh, A, K.) One does not say جَمَلٌ أَبْلَهُ. (ISh, TA.) b4: شَبَابٌ أَبْلَهُ (tropical:) Soft, or delicate, youth; (T, A, K;) as though he who enjoys it were heedless of nocturnal accidents or calamities. (A, K.) b5: And عَيْشٌ أَبْلَهُ (tropical:) A soft, or delicate, or pleasant, or plentiful and easy, life: (K, TA:) or a life in which are few anxieties: (CK:) or a life in which are few griefs, or sorrows. (S.) [See also بُلَهْنِيَةٌ.]

درب

1 دَرِبَ بِهِ, (T, * S, M, A, Msb, * K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. دَرَبٌ (T, M, Msb, K) and دُرْبَةٌ, (S, * M, A, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ تدرّب, (M, A, Msb, * K,) and دَرْدَبَ [which is generally regarded as a quadriliteralradical word (see art. دردب)]; (S, K;) He was, or became, accustomed, or habituated, to it; attached, addicted, given, or devoted, to it; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) and bold to do it, or undertake it: (Msb:) or he knew it, had knowledge of it, or was knowing in it. (A, TA.) And دَرِبَ عَلَى

الصَّيْدِ He (a hawk) was, or became, accustomed, or habituated, or trained, to the chase; and bold to practise it. (A.) 2 درّبهُ بِهِ (M, Msb, * K) and عَلَيْهِ and فِيهِ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَدْرِيبٌ, (K,) He accustomed, or habituated, him to it; made him to become attached, addicted, given, or devoted, to it. (M, Msb, * K.) And درّب, (M,) or درّب عَلَى الصَّيْدِ, (T, S, A, * K, *) inf. n. as above, (K,) He accustomed, or habituated, or trained, (T, S, M, A, K, *) a hawk, (T, S, A,) or an eagle, (K,) or a bird or beast of prey, (M,) to the chase; (T, S, M, A, K; *) and made it bold to practise it. (A.) And دَرَّبَتْهُ الشَّدَائِدُ Difficulties, or hardships, exercised him so as to render him strong to endure them, and habituated, or inured, to them. (Lh, T, S.) A2: And دَرَّبَ, (IAar, T,) inf. n. as above, (IAar, T, K,) He was, or became, patient in war in the time of flight. (IAar, T, K.) 4 ادرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, entered a land of the enemy pertaining to the territory of the رُوم [or people of the Greek Empire]. (S.) أَدْرَبْنَا occurs in a trad. as meaning We entered the دَرْب [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: ادرب He beat a drum; (IAar, T, TA;) as also دَرْدَبَ and دَبْدَبَ. (TA.) 5 تدرّب quasi-pass. of 2: (Msb:) see 1.

دَرْبٌ is not a word of Arabic origin: (Msb:) الدَّرْبٌ is [the Arabic name of the ancient Derbe, near the Cilician Gates, which were the chief mountain-pass, from the direction of the countries occupied by the Arabs, into the territory of the Greek Empire: these “ Gates ” are mentioned by El-Idreesee as fortified, and guarded by troops who watched the persons going and coming:] a well-known place in الرُّوم [or the territory of the Greek Empire], mentioned by Imra-el-Keys, [as El-Idreesee also says,] in the words, بَكَى صَاحِبِى لَمَّا رَأَى الدَّرْبَ حَوْلَهُ [My companion wept when he saw the درب around him; knowing himself to be in the power of the Greeks]. (MF, TA.) [Hence,] Any place of entrance, (Kh, T, M, A, Mgh [in my copy of which it is written دَرَب in all its senses], K,) or a narrow pass, (Mgh,) to [the territory of]

الرُّوم: (Kh, T, M, A, Mgh, K:) or such as is not open at both ends: such as is open at both ends being called ↓ دَرَبٌ: (K:) or a place of entrance between two mountains: (Msb:) or a narrow pass in mountains: and hence it has another meaning well known: (S:) [i. e.] the gate of a سِكَّة [here meaning street: misunderstood by Golius, who has consequently explained دَرْبٌ as having, for one of its meaning, “porta ingressusve palmeti ”]; used in this sense by the Arabs because it [i. e. the درب properly so called] is like a gate, or entrance, to that whereto it leads: (Msb:) or the gate of a wide سِكَّة: (T:) or a wide gate of a سِكَّة; and the largest gate; (M, K;) both of which explanations mean the same: (M:) and also a wide سِكَّة itself: so in the phrase, زُقَاقٌ أَوْ دَرْبٌ غَيْرُ نَافِذٍ [a narrow street or a wide street not being a thoroughfare]: (Mgh: [in my copy of which, دَرَبٌ is put for دَرْبٌ:]) [but in the present day, and as used by El-Makreezee and others, a by-street, whether wide or narrow, branching off from a great street, or passing through a حَارَة (or quarter), open, or having a gate, at each end:] pl. دُرُوبٌ (Kh, T, M, Mgh, TA) and دِرَابٌ. (Sb, K. [The former pl., the only one commonly known, is not mentioned in the K.]) b2: Also A place in which dates are put to dry. (M, K.) دَرَبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

دَرِبٌ [part. n. of دَرِبَ]. You say, هُوَ دَرِبٌ بِهِ [He is accustomed, or habituated, to it; attached, addicted, given, or devoted, to it; and bold to do it, or undertake it: and] he knows it, has knowledge of it, or is knowing in it. (A, TA.) and some use ↓ دَارِبٌ as part. n. of دَرِبَ: (Msb:) it signifies Skilful in his handicraft: (IAar, T, Msb:) and with ة, intelligent: (IAar, T, K:) and skilful in her handicraft: (K:) and [hence] a female drummer. (IAar, T, K.) And عُقَابٌ

↓ دَارِبٌ (M) or عُقَابٌ دَارِبٌ عَلَى الصَّيْدِ (K) meansدَرِبَةٌ (K) or دَرِبَةٌ بِالصَّيْدِ (M) [An eagle accustomed, or habituated, or trained, to the chase; and bold to practise it].

دُرْبَةٌ Custom, or habit; (IAar, T, S, M, A, K;) or habituation; (T, Msb;) and boldness to engage in, or undertake, war, and any affair: (IAar, T, S, A, * Msb, * K:) and ↓ دُرَّابَةٌ, (M, TA,) with teshdeed, (TA,) on the authority of IAar, (M, TA,) but written in the K ↓ دُرَابَة, (TA,) signifies the same. (M, K, TA.) One says, مَا زِلْتُ

أَعْفُو عَنْ فُلَانٍ حَتَّى اتَّخَذَهَا دُرْبَةً [I ceased not to forgive such a one until he took it as a habit]. (T, * S.) دَرَبُوتٌ (Lh, M, K [in the CK دَرَبُوبٌ]) and ↓ دَرُوبٌ, (K,) the former like تَرَبُوتٌ, in which the [initial] ت is [said to be] a substitute for د, (Lh, M,) A he-camel, (M, K,) or such as is termed بَكْرٌ, (Lh, M,) and a she-camel, (Lh, M, K,) submissive, or tractable, (M, K,) or rendered submissive or tractable: and a she-camel that will follow a person if he takes hold of her lip or her eyelash. (Lh, M, K. [But I read بِهُدْبِ عَيْنِهَا, as in the explanation of تَرَبُوتٌ in the TA, instead of نَهَزْتَ عَيْنَهَا in the M and CK in this art., and نَهَزَتْ عَيْنُهَا in my MS. copy of the K. See also تَرَبُوتٌ.]) دَرُوبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

دُرَابَةٌ and دُرَّابَةٌ: see دُرْبَةٌ.

دَارِبٌ: see دَرِبٌ, in two places.

مُدَرَّبٌ A man, (S, M,) or an old man, (T,) tried, or proved, in affairs, and whose qualities have become known; or tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs; experienced, or expert: or whose qualities have been tried, or proved: syn. مُجَرَّبٌ (T, S, M, A, * K) and مُنَجَّذٌ: (M, K:) and ↓ مُدَرِّبٌ is syn. with مُجَرّبٌ: (S:) or in every word of the measure مُفَعَّلٌ syn. with مُجَرَّبٌ, the medial radical letter may be pronounced with fet-h or with kesr, except مُدَرَّبٌ. (M, K.) b2: And hence, (M,) One afflicted with trials or troubles. (Lh, M, K.) b3: And A camel well trained, and accustomed to be ridden, and to go through the [narrow passes in mountains called] دُرُوبٌ: fem. with ة. (K.) b4: المُدَرَّبٌ The lion. (Sgh, K.) مُدَرِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

درد

1 دَرِدَ, (M, Mgh, L,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. دَرَدٌ, (S, * M, Mgh, L, K, *) He was, or became, toothless; (S, L;) he lost his teeth. (M, Mgh, L, K.) It is said in a trad., أُمِرْتُ بِالسِّوَاكِ حَتَّى خِفْتُ لَأَدْرَدَنَّ (S, Mgh *) I was commanded to make use of the tooth-stick until I feared, meaning I thought, or opined, that I should assuredly become toothless: for the Arabs use ظَنَّ in the same manner as a verb signifying an oath, and give it the same kind of complement, saying, ظَنَنْتُ لَعَبْدُ اللّٰهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ: (S:) or, accord. to one relation, the words of this trad. are لَزِمْتُ السِّوَاكَ حَتَّى

خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَدْرَدَنِى [a mistranscription for ↓ يُدْرِدَنِى, from أَدْرَدَ, i. e. I kept to the use of the toothstick until I feared that it would deprive me of my teeth, or render me toothless]: (L:) or, accord. to another relation, ↓ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أُدْرِدَ

أَسْنَانِى [I feared that I should make my teeth to fall out]; but this [verb, Mtr says,] I have not heard. (Mgh.) 4 أَدْرَدَ see above, in two places.

دَرَدٌ inf. n. of دَرِدَ. (S, * M, &c.) b2: And I. q.

حَرَدٌ [but in what sense is not said: see what next follows]. (M, TA.) دَرِدٌ, as an epithet applied to a man, I. q. حَرِدٌ [but in what sense is not said]. (M, TA.) دِرْدِمٌ: see أَدْرَدُ, in two places.

دُرْدِىٌّ The dregs, feces, lees, or sediment, or what remains at the bottom, of olive-oil, (S, K,) and of other things, (S,) or of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, (A,) and of any fluid, such as beverages, or wines, and oils. (L.) b2: Also A ferment that is put into, and left in, expressed juice and [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, in order that it may ferment. (L.) [See خَمِيرٌ.]

دُرَيْدٌ an abbreviated dim. of أَدْرَدُ. (S, K.) أَدْرَدُ A toothless man; (S, M, A, Mgh;) as also ↓ دِرْدِمٌ, with an augmentative م: (M:) fem. of the former دَرْدَآءٌ: (S, M:) and pl. دُرْدٌ. (A.) b2: نَاقَةٌ دَرْدَآءُ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ دِرْدِمٌ, with an augmentative م, (S, K,) as in the instance of دِلْقِمٌ syn. with دَلْقَآءُ, and of دِقْعِمٌ syn. with دَقْعَآءٌ, (S,) A she-camel advanced in years: (S, K:) or having her teeth [worn, or consumed,] down to the sockets, (M, K,) by reason of old age. (M, TA.) A2: الدَّرْدَآءُ the name of A certain corps, or troop of horse, (كَتِيبَة, [in some copies of the S and K كَثِيبَة,]) that belonged to the Arabs. (A 'Obeyd, S, K, TA.)

درس

1 دَرَسَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. دُرُوسٌ, It (a trace, or mark, or what is termed رَسْمٌ, S, A, K, and a house, A, or a thing, M) became effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated; (S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ اندرس, (K, TA,) said of what is termed رسم: (TA:) or it (the trace, or mark, of a house; or what remained, cleaving to the ground, marking the place of a house;) became covered with sand and dust blown over it by the wind: (TA in art. دثر:) or it (an abode, or a place of sojourning,) became effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, and its traces, or remains, became concealed, or unseen: (Msb:) and دَرُسَ signifies the same as دَرَسَ in the first of the senses explained above, but in an intensive manner. (M.) b2: [Hence الآيَاتُ ↓ دَارَسَتِ as explained near the end of this paragraph.] b3: Hence, also, (AHeyth,) دَرَسَ الثَّوْبِ, (AHeyth, S, A, K,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, became old and worn out. (AHeyth, S, A, K.) b4: And دَرَسَ الكِتَابُ (assumed tropical:) The writing, or book, became old. (Msb.) b5: [Hence, also,] دَرَسَتْ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. دُرُوسٌ (S, M, K) and دَرْسٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) She (a woman, S, M, A, K, or, accord. to Lh, a girl, M) menstruated. (S, M, A, K.) A2: دَرَسَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, (S, M, K,) or الرِّيَاحُ, (A,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (A, TA,) The wind, (S, M, K,) or winds, (A,) effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, it, (S, M, A, K,) by repeatedly passing over it; (A;) namely, a trace, or mark, [of a house &c.,] or what is termed رَسْمٌ; (S, K;) and [erased, or rased,] a house; (A;) or a thing: (M:) and دَرَسَهُ القَوْمُ The people effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, it. (M.) b2: Hence, (AHeyth,) دَرَسَ الثَّوْبَ, (AHeyth, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He rendered the garment, or piece of cloth, old and worn-out. (AHeyth, K.) b3: دَرَسَ الطَّعَامَ, (M,) or الحِنْطَةَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) وَنَحْوَهَا, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ (M, K) and دِرَاسٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He trod, or thrashed, the wheat, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and the like: (Msb:) [because he who does so passes repeatedly over it:] of the dial. of El-Yemen: (M, TA:) or دِرَاسٌ in the sense here indicated is of the dial. of Syria. (TA.) b4: دَرَسَ المَرْأَةَ, (A,) or الجَارِيَةَ, (K,) (tropical:) He compressed the woman, (A,) or the girl. (K.) b5: دَرَسَ النَّاقَةَ, (M, A,) aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (M,) (tropical:) He broke, or trained, the she-camel: (M, A:) [and so, app., ↓ دَارَسَهَا; for it is said that] the primary signification of مُدَارَسَةٌ is the breaking, or training, or disciplining, [a beast;] and returning time after time (تَعَهُّدٌ) to a thing. (TA.) You say also, بَعِيرٌ لَمْ يُدْرَسُ, meaning (tropical:) A camel that has not been ridden. (S, TA.) b6: Hence, (M,) [or from دَرَسَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, or from دَرَسَ الثَّوْبَ,] دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. ـِ (M, K) and دَرِسَ, (K,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ and دِرَاسَةٌ (S, M, K) and دَرَاسَةٌ and دِرَاسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He read the book; (M, K;) as though he opposed it until it became easy for him to remember it: (M:) or he read it repeatedly, [or studied it,] in order to remember it: (A:) or he made it easy to remember, by much reading: (TA:) or he read and learned it: (Bd in vi. 105:) and ↓ دَارَسَهُ, inf. n. مُدَارَسَةٌ and دِرَاسٌ, signifies the same: (M:) and so ↓ دَرَسَّهُ, and ↓ أَدْرَسَهُ: (K:) or the former of the last two has an intensive signification: the latter of them is mentioned by IJ: (TA:) [but accord. to the M, it is said by IJ that both of these are doubly trans., and have a different signification, which is also indicated in the A as that of the former of them: see 2:] الكُتُبَ ↓ دَارَسَتْ, and ↓ تَدَارَسْتُهَا, and ↓ اِدَّارَسْتُهَا, signify the same as دَرَسْتُهَا [I read the books, or read them repeatedly, &c.]: (S, TA:) and القُرْآنَ ↓ تَدَارَسَ signifies He read the Kur-án, and returned to it time after time, in order that he might not forget it. (TA.) Yousay also, دَرَسْتُ العِلْمَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ and دِرَاسَةٌ, (tropical:) I read science. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [vi. 105], accord. to different reading, وَلِيَقُولُوا دَرَسْتَ, and ↓ دَارَسْتَ, (tropical:) [And to the end that they may say, Thou hast read, &c.:] but some say that the former means Thou hast read the books of the people of the Scriptures: and the latter, Thou hast consulted, or conferred, with them; expl. by ذَاكَرْتُهُمْ: (M:) or the former means Thou hast learned: (Abu-l-'Abbás:) and the latter, Thou hast read, or studied, under the Jews as thy teachers, and they have read, or studied, under thee as their teacher: (I'Ab, Mujáhid, K:) and another reading is ↓ دَارَسَ; i. e. دَارَسَ النَّبِىُّ اليَهُودَ [he prophet hath read, or studied, with the Jews] : and another, ↓ دَارَسَتْ, which may be rendered in two ways: The Jews have read, or studied, or consulted, or conferred, with (دَارَسَتْ) Mohammad: and The signs (آيَات) have vied in length of time [or antiquity] with those of other scriptures so that every one of them has for the most part become obliterated: (TA:) and another reading is دَرَسَتْ; and another, دَرُسَتْ; both meaning, They (these stories, or histories,) have become obliterated: (M:) or they are things which have long since passed: (Abu-l-' Abbás:) but the latter of these two verbs has a more intensive signification: and it is also said to signify They have been dissipated. (M.) [You also say, دَرَسَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He read, or studied, under him as his teacher; like قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ.]2 دَرَّسَ غَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [He made another to read, or to read repeatedly, or to study, in order to remember; or to read and learn: he taught him to read, &c.: he lectured him]. (A.) And دَرَّسْتُهُ الكِتَابَ and إِيَّاهُ ↓ أَدْرَسْتُهُ (tropical:) [I made him, or taught him, to read the book, or to read it repeatedly, or to study it, or to read and learn it]. (IJ, M.) b2: See also دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.3 دَارَسَتِ الآيَاتُ: see 1.

A2: دارس النَّاقَةَ: see 1. b2: دارس غَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [He read, or studied, with another, each of them teaching the other]. (A.) and دَارَسْتُهُ الكِتَابَ, inf. n. مُدَارَسَةٌ, (tropical:) [I read, or read repeatedly, or studied, or read and learned, with him the book, each of us teaching the other]. (A.) And دَارَسَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) He called to mind with them a subject of discourse, &c.; or he conferred with them; syn. ذَاكَرَهُمْ. (M.) See also 1, latter half, in five places.4 أَدْرَسَ see 2: b2: and see دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.5 تَدَرَّسْتُ أَدْرَاسًا وَتَشَمَّلْتُ شِمَالًا (tropical:) [app., I clad myself in old and worn-out garments, and wrapped myself in shemlehs]. (A, TA.) 6 تَدَارَسُوا الكِتَابَ حَتَّى حَفِظُوهُ (tropical:) [They read the book, or read it repeatedly, or studied it, or read and learned it, together, teaching one another, until they retained it in memory]. (A.) b2: تَدَارَسْتُ الكُتُبَ, and اِدَّارَسْتُهَا, and تَدَارَسَ القُرْآنَ: see دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.7 إِنْدَرَسَ see 1, first signification.

دَرْسٌ A road, or way, that is unapparent; (S, K;) as though the traces thereof had become effaced. (TA.) b2: See also دِرْسٌ.

A2: [A lecture: pl دُرُوسٌ.]

دِرْسٌ The relic, trace, or mark, of a thing that becomes effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated. (M.) b2: (tropical:) An old and worn-out garment, or piece of cloth; (S, M, A, K;) [app. an epithet used as a subst.;] as also ↓ دَرْسٌ (M) and ↓ دَرِيسٌ; (S, M, A, K;) ↓ which last also signifies an old and worn-out carpet; (A;) ↓ and as an epithet, signifying old and worn-out, is applied to a coat of mail, (M, TA,) and to a sword, and to a مِغْفَر [&c.]: (TA:) pl. [of the first] أَدْرَاسٌ, (M, K,) [a pl. of pauc.,] and [of the same or of either of the others] دِرْسَانٌ. (S, M, K.) b3: [Hence, or, as IF says, from الحَيْض,] أَبُو أَدْرَاسٍ [in some copies of the K أُمُّ أَدْرَاسٍ] (tropical:) The pudendum muliebre. (S, O, K.) دُرْسَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Training, or discipline. (K.) دَرِيسٌ: see دِرْسٌ, in three places. b2: [Also Dry بِرْسِيم, or Alexandrian trefoil.]

رَبْعٌ دَارِسٌ [A house of which the remains are becoming effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: or i. q. رَبْعٌ مَدْرُوسٌ]. (A.) b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ دَارِسٌ, (M, K,) or, accord. to Lh, جَارِيَةٌ دَارِسٌ, (M,) (tropical:) A woman, (M, K,) or girl, (Lh, K,) menstruating: (Lh, M, K:) pl. دُرَّسٌ and دَوَارِسُ. (M.) أَبُو إِدْرِيسَ (tropical:) The penis. (A, K.) تَدْرِيسٌ [inf. n. of 2, q. v.]

A2: [Also (assumed tropical:) A conventional term or signification used by the مُدَرِّسُون, or lecturers, tutors, or professors, of colleges]. (Mgh, in arts. حنف and دين, &c.) مِدْرَسٌ (assumed tropical:) A book, or writing: (K, TA: but omitted in some copies of the former:) [also, accord. to Golius, a commentary by which any one is taught; Heber.

מִדְרשׁ.] b2: See also the next paragraph.

مَدْرَسَةٌ (tropical:) A place of reading, or study; (Msb;) in which persons read, or study; (TA;) [a college, a collegiate mosque; an academy;] as also ↓ مِدْرَسٌ (TA) and ↓ مِدْرَاسٌ; (M, K;) the measure of which last, [as well as that of the next preceding word,] as that of a n. of place, is strange: (ISd, TA:) whence the ↓ مِدْرَاس of the Jews; (K;) their house in which is repeatedly read the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (A:) or their house in which the Book of God is read, or read repeatedly: (TA:) or their synagogue: (Msb:) the pl. of مدرسة is مَدَارِسُ; (TA;) and that of مدارس is مَدَارِيسُ. (Msb.) b2: مَدْرَسَةُ النَّعَمِ (tropical:) The road or track (طَرِيق) [of camels, or of camels and sheep or goats]. (A, TA.) مُدَرَّسٌ (tropical:) A bed made plain, even, smooth, or easy to lie upon. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A man tried and proved, or tried and strengthened, by use, practice, or experience; expert, or experienced. (A, TS, K.) مُدَرِّسٌ (tropical:) A man who reads much and repeatedly. (K, TA.) b2: Hence, the مُدَرِّس of مَدْرَسَة (tropical:) [i. e. The lecturer, tutor, or professor, of a college, a collegiate mosque, or an academy: from which it is not to be understood that there is but one such person to every college; for generally one college has several مُدَرِّسُون]. (TA.) مِدْرَاسٌ: see مَدْرَسَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) One who reads, or reads repeatedly, or studies, the books of the Jews: the measure of the word implies intensiveness. (TA.) رَبْعٌ مَدْرُوسٌ [A house of which the remains are effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: see also دَارِسٌ]. (A.) b2: طَرِيقٌ مَدْرُوسٌ (tropical:) A road much beaten by passengers, so as to be made easy by them. (A, TA.) مُدَارِسٌ (tropical:) One who reads, or studies, with another; syn. مُقَارِئٌ: (K:) or one who has read books. (K.)

دفع

1 دَفَعَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. دَفْعٌ (Msb, K) and دَفَاعٌ (TA) and مَدْفَعٌ, (K,) [He impelled it, pushed it, thrust it, or drove it; and particularly, so as to remove it from its place; he propelled it; he repelled, or repulsed, it; he pushed it, thrust it, or drove it, away, or back;] he put it away, or removed it from its place, (Msb, TA,) by, or with, force, or strength: (TA:) or دَفْعٌ signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing before the coming or arriving [of that thing]; like as رَفْعٌ signifies the “ putting away or removing or turning back ” a thing “ after the coming or arriving ” thereof. (Kull p. 185.) Hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 252, and xxii. 41], وَلَوْ لَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ [and were it not for God's repelling men]; where some read ↓ دِفَاعُ [which means the same, as will be seen in the course of what follows, though bearing also another interpretation, likewise to be seen in what follows]. (TA.) You say, دَفَعْتُ الرَّجُلَ [I impelled, pushed, &c., the man]. (S.) And ↓ دافعهُ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ [and مُدَافَعَةٌ]; and ↓ دفّعهُ; (TA;) [both, app., accord. to the TA, signifying the same; but the latter more properly relates to several objects together, or signifies he impelled it, pushed it, &c., much, or vehemently, or often; whereas] مُدَافَعَةٌ (K, TA) and دِفَاعٌ (TA) are [often exactly] syn. with دَفْعٌ. (K, TA.) Thus, (TA,) you say, as meaning the same, عَنْهُ ↓ دافع and دَفَعَ [He repelled from him; whence another explanation of these two phrases, which see in what follows]. (S, TA.) And hence, دَفَعَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ المَكْرُوهَ, inf. n. دَفْعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee what is disliked, or hated, or evil]: (TA:) and اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ السُّوْءَ ↓ دَافَعَ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee evil]. (S, TA.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنْهُ الأَذَى (tropical:) [I repelled, or averted, from him what was hurtful, or annoying; as also ↓ دَافَعْتُ]. (Msb, K, TA.) Sb mentions, as a saying of the Arabs, اِدْفَعِ الشَّرَّ وَلَوْ إِصْبَعًا (tropical:) [Repel thou, or avert thou, evil, or mischief, though but with a finger: the last word being in the accus. case by reason of the subaudition of the prep. ب; the meaning being بِإِصْبَعٍ]. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَفُوعٌ.] When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of عَنْ, [and has a single objective complement, a second objective complement is understood, and in general] it has the meaning or the act of (assumed tropical:) Defending; as in the Kur [xxii. 39], إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا (assumed tropical:) [Verily God defendeth those who have believed; i. e. repelleth from them aggression and the like]; (B;) and ↓ يُدَافِعُ, in the same, (K, TA,) accord. to another reading, signifies the same; (K, TA;) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) defendeth energetically, with the energy of him who contendeth for superiority in so doing. (Bd.) And عَنْهُ ↓ دَافَعْتُ signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) I pleaded, or contended in arguments, in defence of him. (Msb.) [Exceptions to the statement cited above form the B will be found in what follows in this paragraph; and another exception, voce مُدَفَّعٌ.] b2: [In the exs. which follow, the verb is used in senses little differing, essentially, from those assigned to it in the first sentence of this art.] b3: دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفَْعَةً [I poured forth from the vessel a single pouring]: the last word, which is with fet-h, is an inf. n. [of un.]. (Msb.) b4: دَفَعَتِ اللِّبَأَفِى

ضَرْعِهَا قُبَيْلَ النِّتَاجِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe, or goat, S, or a camel, S, K) infused the first milk into her udder, i. e. secreted it therein, a little before bringing forth]. (S, K.) And دَفَعَتِ اللَّبَنِ عَلَى

رَأْسِ وَلَدِهَا لِكَثْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe or goat, or a camel, TA) secreted the milk in her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance]; for the milk becomes abundant in her udder only when she is about to bring forth: the inf. n. [app. the inf. n. of un.] is دَفْعَةٌ. (TA.) And دَفَعَتْ alone, said of a ewe or goat, signifies (assumed tropical:) She secreted milk in her udder when about to produce the young; expl. by أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [which see in art. ضرع]. (S, TA.) Accord. to En-Nadr, one says دَفَعَتْ بِلَبِنِهَا, and بِاللَّبَنِ, when her young is in her belly; but when she has brought forth, one does not say دَفَعَتْ. (TA.) b5: In the saying, غَشِيِتْنَا سَحَابَةٌ فَدَفَعْنَاهَا إِلَى غَيْرِنَا [lit. A cloud overspread us, and we drove it away to other persons], meaning (tropical:) it departed from us to other persons, دفعناها is for دَفَعَتْنَا, which means دُفِعَتْ عَنَّا [lit. it was driven away from us]. (TA.) b6: دَفَعَهُ بِحُجَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) [He refelled him, or refuted him, by an argument or the like]. (MF in art. كفح.) b7: دَفَعْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I rebutted the saying; repelled it by an argument, an allegation, or a proof. (Msb.) b8: اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا (tropical:) Leave thou this, sparing him. (As, TA.) [See مُدَفَّعٌ.]

b9: [In several exs. here following, the verb resembles اندفع; نَفْسَهُ, or the like, being understood after it.] b10: دَفَعَ المَآءُ [The water poured out, or forth, as though it impelled, or propelled, itself]: (TA: [where it is followed by وَانْصَبَّ, as an explicative adjunct:]) and so السَّيْلُ [the torrent]. (ISh.) [See also 6.] And دَفَعَ الوَادِى

بِالمَآءِ [The valley poured with water]. (TA in art. حشك.) b11: دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He pushed, or pressed, on, or forward, as though he impelled himself, in his running]. (S in art. غور; &c.) [See also 7.] b12: دَفَعَ القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people, or company of men, came at once. (Msb.) b13: دَفَعَ إِلَى

المَكَانِ, (TA,) and دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) in the pass. form, (Msb,) (tropical:) He reached, or came to, the place. (Msb, TA.) You say also, هٰذَا طَرِيقٌ يَدْفَعُ

إِلَى مَكَانِ كَذَا (tropical:) This is a road which reaches to such a place. (TA.) b14: دَفَعَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ (assumed tropical:) He commenced the journey from 'Arafát, and impelled and removed himself thence, or impelled his she-camel, and urged her to go. (TA, from a trad.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنِ المَوْضِعِ (assumed tropical:) I removed, went, went away, or journeyed, from the place. (Msb.) [See again 7.] b15: دَفَعَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He returned. (MF.) b16: When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of إِلَى, it [generally, but not always, as has been shown above,] has the meaning of the act of Giving, or delivering; as in the Kur [iv. 5], فَادْفَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ [Then give ye, or deliver ye, to them their property]. (B.) You say, دَفَعْتُ

إِلَىى فُلَانٍ شَيْئًا [I gave, or delivered, to such a one a thing]. (S, K. *) And دَفَعْتُ الوَدِيعَةَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا I restored the deposit to its owner. (Msb.) and دَفَعْتُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ المَالِ [I gave him a part, or portion, of the property]. (S in art. زعب; and the like is said in that art. in the K.) And دَفَعَهُ [alone] He gave it; syn. أَعْطَاهُ. (Er-Rághib, MF.) 2 دَفَّعَ see 1; fourth sentence. b2: دفّعهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) He drove him, compelled him, or necessitated him, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) b3: دفّعهُ also signifies He rendered him abject and contemptible, or poor; as though deserving to be repelled. (Ibn-Maaroof, as cited by Golius.) [See the pass. part. n., below.] b4: دفّع قَوْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his bow even. (AHn, TA.) 3 مُدَافَعَةٌ [in its primary acceptation] signifies The contending, or striving, with another, to push him, or repel him; or the pushing, or repelling, another, being pushed, or repelled, by him; or the pushing against another; syn. مُزَاحَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence, يُدَافِعُ الأَخْبَثَيْنِ He is striving to suppress the urine and ordure: see أَخْبَثُ. And مُدَافَعَةُ العَيْشِ The striving to retain life: see 2 in art. زلج. b2: But it is often used in the same sense as دَفْعٌ:] see the verb and its two inf. ns. in seven places in the former half of the first paragraph of this article. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) i. q. مُمَاطَلَةٌ: (S, K, TA:) in some of the copies of the S, مُطَاوَلَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَافَعْتُهُ بِحَقِّهِ, (JM, TA,) or عَنْ حَقِّهِ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) I deferred with him, delayed with him, or put him off, in the matter of his right, or due, by promising time after time to render it to him; [and so repelled him, or strove to repel him, from it;] syn. مَاطَلْتُهُ. (JM, Msb, TA.) And دافع بِحَاجَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He deferred, delayed, postponed, or put off, his (another's) needful affair. (L in art. رثد.) b4: دافع الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) The man attached, or devoted, himself to such an affair, and exerted himself, and persisted, or persevered, in it. (TA.) 5 تَدَفَّعَ see 6, and 7.6 تدافعوا [They contended, or strove, together, to push, or repel, one another; or] they pushed, or repelled, one another; or pushed against one another. (Msb.) You say, تدافعوا فِى الحَرْبِ They pushed, thrust, or repelled, one another in war, or battle. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] تدافع الكَلَامَانِ (assumed tropical:) The two sayings, or sentences, opposed, or contradicted, each other; conflicted; were mutually repugnant. (Msb in art. نقض.) b3: تدافع السَّيْلُ (tropical:) The torrent was impelled, driven, or propelled, in its several parts, or portions, by the impetus of one part, or portion, acting upon another; and in like manner, [or as signifying it became impelled, driven, or propelled,] ↓ اندفع, and [in an intensive sense] ↓ تدفّع. (TA.) [See also دَفَعَ.

السَّيْلُ.] b4: تدافع جَرْىُ الفَرَسِ [in like manner signifies (assumed tropical:) The running of the horse continued by successive impulses, his force of motion in each part of his course impelling him through the next]. (TA.) b5: See also 7.

A2: [It is also trans.] You say, تدافعوا الشَّىْءَ They repelled the thing, every one of them from himself. (TA.) And ضَيْفٌ يَتَدافَعُهُ الحَىُّ [A guest whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself]. (IDrd, K.) 7 اندفع is quasi-pass. of دَفَعَهُ; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ تدفّع is quasi-pass. of دفّعهُ; and ↓ تدافع is quasi-pass. of دافعهُ: but all three are used in the same sense: see 6: (TA:) [the first, however, primarily signifies He, or it, became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven; and particularly, so as to be removed from his, or its, place; became propelled; became repelled; became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven, away, or back, or onwards; became put away, or removed from its place; as is implied in the S and K and TA: whereas the second, properly, has an intensive signification: and the third properly denotes the acting of two or more persons or things, or of several parts or portions of a thing, against, or upon, one another; as is shown by exs. and explanations above: though the second and third are often used in the primary sense of the first.] b2: [Hence,] اندفع also signifies (assumed tropical:) He went away into the country, or land, in any manner: (Lth:) or, said of a horse [&c.], (tropical:) he [or it] went quickly or swiftly (S, K, TA) [as though impelled or propelled; pressed, or pushed, on, or forward; rushed; launched, or broke, forth; it poured forth with vehemence, as though impelled: see 1, which has a similar meaning, particularly in the phrases دَفَعَ المَآءُ, and السَّيْلُ, and دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ, &c.]. b3: اندفع فِى, الحَدِيثِ, (S, K, TA,) and فِى الإِنْشَادِ, (TA,) (tropical:) He pushed on, or pressed on, in discourse, and in reciting poetry; or entered thereinto; or launched forth, or out, thereinto; or was large, or copious, or profuse, therein; or dilated therein; or began it, commenced it, or entered upon it; syn. أَفَاضَ فِيهِ. (K, TA.) And اندفع فِى الضَّحِكِ [He broke forth into laughing]. (JK in art. بوق.) b4: [اندفع فِى

الطَّعَامِ (assumed tropical:) He fell to eating of the food; or applied himself eagerly to it.] b5: اندفع فِىالأَمْرِ (tropical:) He acted with penetrating energy, or sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness, in the affair; syn. مَضَى فِيهِ. (A, TA.) 10 اِسْتَدْفَعْتُ اللّٰهَ الأَسْوَآءَ (tropical:) I asked, or begged, God to repel from me evils. (S, K.) دَفْعٌ [see 1. Used as a simple subst., it signifies Impulsion; or the act of pushing, thrusting, or driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; propulsion; repulsion; &c.].

دَفْعَةٌ A single impulsion; a push, a thrust, or single act of driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; a single propulsion; a single repulsion: (S, * Msb, K, * TA:) [it is an inf. n. of un. of 1 in all its senses; and thus,] it signifies also a single act of pouring: [&c.:] pl. دَفَعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, دَفَعَهُ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [He impelled, &c., him, or it,] once [or with a single impulsion, &c.]. (TK.) And دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [I poured forth from the vessel] a single pouring. (Msb.) b2: [As an inf. n. of un. of 1,] it also signifies (assumed tropical:) A coming of the collective body of a people, or party of men, to a place at once. (TA.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) A heat, a single course, or one unintermitted act, of running, or the like.]

دُفْعَةٌ A quantity that pours forth, or out, at once, from a skin, or vessel: (Lth, K:) a quantity poured forth, or out, at once, (Msb,) [or with vehemence, being] syn. with دُفْقَةٌ. (IF, S, Msb, K, [in the CK with ع in the place of the ق,]) of rain, [i. e. a shower, fall, or storm, as meaning the quantity that falls without intermission,] (IF, S, Msb, K,) and [a gush] of blood, (IF, Msb,) &c.: (IF, S, Msb:) it is also [used as signifying the tide] of a valley, (K in art. طحم,) and [the tide, or rush,] of a torrent, (S and K in that art.,) and [the rush, or irruption,] of a troop of horses or horsemen, (S and K in art. دلق, &c.,) and [the irruption, or invasion,] of night: (S and K in art. طحم:) pl. دُفَعٌ (Msb, K) and دُفَعَاتٌ and دُفُعَاتٌ and دُفْعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, بَقِىَفِى الإِنَآءِ دُفْعَةٌ There remained in the vessel as much as one pours out at once. (Msb.) b2: Also A part, or portion, that is given, of property. (S in art. زعب.) دِفَاعُ, determinate, as a proper name, The ewe: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) so called because she pushes her thigh this way and that by reason of bulkiness. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) دَفُوعٌ and ↓ مِدْفَعٌ [That impels, pushes, thrusts, drives, propels, or repels, much, or vehemently:] both signify the same. (S, K.) Hence the saying of a woman, (S,) an immodest woman, (O,) namely, Sejáhi [the false prophetess, to her husband the false prophet Museylimeh, describing the kind of ذَكَر which she most approved], (L,) ↓ لَا بَلْ قَصِيرٌ مِدْفَعٌ. (S, O, L.) You say also, ↓ رَجُلٌ دَفَّاعٌ A man who impels, propels, repels, or defends, vehemently. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ دَفُوعٌ A she-camel that hicks (تَدْفَعُ) with her hind leg on being milked. (TA.) دَفَّاعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ. b2: Also One who, when a bone happens to be in the part that is next to him, of a bowl, puts it away, or aside, in order that a piece of flesh-meat may become in its place. (El-Jáhidh, K.) دُفَّاعٌ The main portion, that pours down at once, or vehemently, of waves, and of a torrent, (K, TA,) and of a sea: (TA:) or a great torrent: (S:) or abundance and vehemence of water: (L:) or a great quantity of water of a torrent: and a great number of people. (AA.) You say, جَآءَ دُفَّاعٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَآءِ There came a great number of men and women crowding one upon another. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) A great thing by which a similar great thing is impelled, propelled, or repelled. (K, * TA.) دَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. It is said in the Kur [lii. 8], مَا لَهُ مِنْ دَافِعٍ There shall not be any repeller thereof. (Bd.) And in the same [lxx. 2], لَيْسَ لَهُ دَافِعٌ There shall not be for it any repeller: (Bd:) or any defender. (B.) b2: Applied to a ewe or she-goat, (S,) or to a she-camel, (S, K,) as also دَافِعَةٌ and ↓ مِدْفَاعٌ, (K,) (tropical:) That infuses (تَدْفَعُ) the first milk into her udder [i. e. secretes it therein] a little before bringing forth; (S, K;) that infuses the milk into her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance: AO says that some make مُفْكِهٌ and دَافِعٌ to signify the same, [i. e., to signify as explained above, or nearly so,] saying, هِىَ دَافِعٌ بِوَلَدٍ; and if you will, you say, هِىَ دَافِعٌ, alone. (TA.) دَافِعَةٌ [fem. of دَافِعٌ, q. v.: and, used as a subst.,] The lower, or lowest, part of any [water-course such as is called] مَيْثَآء: pl. دَوَافِعُ: this latter signifying the lower, or lowest, parts of the مِيث, [pl. of ميثاء,] (ISh, K,) where they pour into the valleys, (ISh,) or where the valleys pour thereinto: (K:) or the pl. signifies the parts in which the water pours to the ميث; while the ميث pour into the main valley: (As:) or the دافعة is a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة which pours into another تلعة, when it runs down a descending ground, or declivity, from elevated, or rugged and elevated, ground, and you see it going to and fro in places, having spread somewhat, and become round; then it pours into another, lower than it: every one such is thus called; and the pl. is as above. (Lth.) مَدْفَعٌ [A channel of water;] one of the مَدَافِع of waters, in which the waters run: (S, K:) [مَدَافِعُ being its pl.:] the lower, or lowest, part of a valley, where the torrent pours forth, and its water disperses: (ISh:) and the [water-course, or channel, such as is called] مِذْنَب of a دَافِعَة [q. v.]; because this latter pours forth therein to another دافعة; (K, TA;) the مذنب being the channel between the دَافِعَتَانِ. (TA.) مِدْفَعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ, in two places. b2: [Its primary signification is An instrument for impelling, propelling, or repelling: and hence it is applied in modern Arabic to a cannon: and to an instrument used by midwives for protruding the fœtus. b3: Hence, also, it is used as an intensive epithet: and hence,] رُكْنٌ مِدْفَعٌ A strong corner. (TA.) مُدَفَّعٌ, applied to a camel, (tropical:) Held in high estimation by his owner; (A, K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back: (A, TA:) one that is reserved for covering, and not ridden nor laden; of which, when he is brought to be laden, one says, اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا, i. e. Leave thou this, sparing him. (As.) b2: Also, (applied to a camel, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Held in mean estimation by his owner; (K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back as despised. (TA.) Thus it bears two contr. meanings. (K.) b3: Applied to a man, (A, TA,) (tropical:) Poor, (S, A, TA,) and abject, (S,) whom every one repels from himself, (A, TA,) or because every one repels him from himself; (S;) used conjointly with مُدَقَّعٌ; i. e., you say, فُلَانٌ مُدَفَّعٌ مُدَقَّعٌ: (A, TA:) a man (assumed tropical:) despised, or held in contempt, (Lth, K,) as also ↓ مُتَدَافَعٌ; (Lth;) who does not show hospitality if he make one his guest, nor give if he be asked to give: (Lth:) and one (assumed tropical:) who is repelled, or repulsed, from his relations (الَّذِى دُفِعَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ: [نَسَبِهِ being used for ذَوِى

نَسَبِهِ, like as نَسَبًا is used in the Kur xxv. 56, for ذَوِى نَسَبٍ, as explained by Bd:]) (IDrd, K:) and a guest (assumed tropical:) whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself, every one turning him away to another. (IDrd, K.) b4: أَنَا مُدَفَّعٌ

إِلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا (tropical:) I am driven, compelled, or necessitated, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) مِدْفَاعٌ: see دَافِعٌ.

هُوَ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ غَيْرُ مُدَافَعٍ (assumed tropical:) He is the lord, or chief, of his people, or party, not straitened in his authority, nor thrust from it; (TA;) i. q. غَيْرُ مُزَاحَمٍ. (K.) المُدَافِعُ (assumed tropical:) The lion. (Sgh.) مُتَدافِعُ: see مُدَفَّعٌ.

قَوْلٌ مُتَدَافِعٌ (tropical:) [A saying of which one part opposes, or contradicts, another; a self-contradictory saying]. (TA.)