شتو

1 شَتَا الشِّتَآءُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. شتو [app. شُتُوٌّ, The winter commenced: like as one says, رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, inf. n. رُبُوعٌ]. (TA.) b2: And شَتَا اليَوْمُ, aor. as above, The day was, or became, intensely cold. (Msb.) b3: And شَتَا بِهِ, (K,) and شَتَوْتُ بِهِ, (S,) and شَتَوْنَا بِهِ, aor. as above, inf. n. شَتْوٌ, (Msb,) He, and I, and we, remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, (S, Msb, K,) during the شِتَآء [or winter, &c.], (S,) or during a شِتَآء, (Msb, K,) in it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (S, Msb,) or a country or town; (K;) as also ↓ شتّى, (K,) inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تشتّى, (S, K,) said by Az to be from الشِّتَآءُ, like تَصَيَّفَ from الصَّيْفُ: (TA:) [and all are also app. trans. in this sense without a prep.:] or, as some say, شَتَا الصَّيَّانَ means he re-mained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the صَمَّان [q. v., meaning a particular place and also a particular sort of place,] in the شِتَآء; and ↓ تَشَتَّاهَا, he pastured [his cattle] therein in the شِتَآء. (TA.) b4: And شَتَا القَوْمُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) The people, or party, experienced drought, or barrenness, or dearth, in the شِتَآء; as also ↓ أَشْتَوْا. (K.) b5: See also 4.

A2: شَتِىَ, like رَضِىَ [in measure], He was smitten by the شِتَآء. (IKtt, TA.) 2 شتّى, inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ: see 1. b2: One says also, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ يُشَتِّينِى This thing will suffice me for my شِتَآء [or winter, &c.]. (S.) 3 عَامَلَهُ مُشَاتَاةً (S, K) and شِتَآءً (K) [He bargained with him for work by, or for, the season called شِتَآء]; and in like manner, اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ [He hired him, or took him as a hireling]: (TA:) from الشِّتَآءُ [i. e. the subst.]; (S;) like مُرَابَعَةً

from الرَّبِيعُ, &c.: (TA in art. ربع:) شِتَآءً being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., not as an adv. n. [of time]. (TA.) 4 أَشْتَوْا, (S, K,) and أَشْتَيْنَا, (Msb,) They, and we, entered the [season called] شِتَآء; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ شَتَوْنَا signifies the same as اشتينا in this sense. (Ham p. 117.) b2: See also 1, near the end.5 تَشَتَّوَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

شَتًا A rough, or rugged, place. (K.) b2: and The صَدْر [i. e. higher, or upper, part, or front, or fore part,] of a valley. (Az, K.) شَتْوَةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ, in three places.

شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) like خَرْفِىٌّ and خَرَفِىٌّ, (S,) [signifying Of, or relating to, the season called شِتَآء,] are rel. ns. of شِتَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) regarded as pl. of شَتْوَةٌ: (Msb:) or it may be that they formed the rel. n. from شَتْوَةٌ, and discarded that of شِتَآءٌ; as is said in the M: (TA:) or those who regard شِتَآءٌ as a sing. make its rel. n. to be ↓ شِتَائِىٌّ and ↓ شِتَاوِىٌّ. (Msb, TA.) b2: الشَّتَوِىُّ, (S, K,) thus with fet-h to the ش and ت, (K,) signifies also The rain of the [season called]

شِتَآء; and so ↓ الشَّتِىُّ; (S, K;) the latter occurring in a verse (S, TA) of En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab. (TA.) [See the latter of the tables inserted voce زَمَنٌ; and see also نَوْءٌ.] b3: Also The increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) of sheep and goats in the [season called] رَبِيع [by which is here meant the season called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ and رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ, commencing in January and ending in March: see the former of the two tables mentioned above]: (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce صَفَرِىٌّ [q. v.]:) [and in like manner, of camels; for] شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ and ↓ شَتِىٌّ are applied to the young camel brought forth by her that is termed ↓ مُشْتٍ, meaning مُرْبِعٌ [i. e. that brings forth in the (season called) رَبِيع]. (TA.) شِتَآءٌ a word of well-known meaning [in the sense in which it is most commonly used, i. e. Winter]; (S;) one of the quarters [of the circle] of the seasons; (K;) and ↓ شَاتَاةٌ signifies the same; (Sgh, K;) [and so does ↓ شَتِيَّةٌ; (see an ex. voce رِبْعِىٌّ;)] and so does ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (Msb, TA:) [also the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox:] ISk says, السَّنَةُ is with the Arabs a name for twelve months: then they divided it into two halves, and commenced the سَنَة [or year] at the commencement of the شِتَآء

because this word is masc. and the word صَيْف [meaning in this case the “ half-year commencing at the vernal equinox ”] is fem.: then they divided the شِتَآء into two halves; the شتوى being the former; and the ربيع, the latter; [but this is a manifest mistake, probably attributable to a copyist; for, as is well known, the former half is called the رَبِيع; and the latter, the شِتَآء or ↓ شَتْوَة;] each consisting of three months; and in like manner the صَيْف and the قَيْظ consist, each, of three months: (TA:) also one of the six seasons into which the year is divided, each whereof consists of two months; namely, the season [commencing in November and ending in January,] next after that called الخَرِيفُ: (S and K voce رَبِيعٌ: [see this word; and see, again, the former of the two tables mentioned above:]) accord. to Mbr, (S,) شِتَآءٌ is pl. of ↓ شَتْوَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) it is said to be so by IF on the authority of Kh, and by some on the authority of Fr or some other: or شِتَآءٌ and ↓ شَتْوَةٌ signify the same, (K,) as is said in the M; (TA;) [i. e.] some say that الشِّتَآءُ is a proper name for the quarter [&c.]: (Msb:) the pl. is أَشْتِيَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e. pl. of شِتَآءٌ, (S, Msb,) because أَفْعِلَةٌ, as pl. of فِعَالٌ, is peculiar to a masc. [noun]; (Msb;) and شُتِىٌّ also, (K, TA,) originally أُشْتُوىٌ [a mistake for شُتُوىٌ], written in the Tekmileh شِتِىٌّ, as on the authority of Fr.: (TA:) the pl. of its syn. ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ is مَشَاتٍ. (Msb.) b2: Also, i. e. شِتَآءٌ, Hail, syn. بَرَدٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK بَرْدٌ,]) that falls from the sky. (TA.) b3: And Drought, or dearth: (K, and Ham pp. 117 and 150:) this meaning being assigned to the شتآء exclusively of the صَيْف because in it the people keep to the tents, not going forth to seek after herbage. (TA.) شَتِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ, in two places.

شَتِيَّةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ [with which it is syn.].

شِتَائِىٌّ and شِتَاوِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ.

شَاتٍ Entering the شِتَآء, which, with them, [i. e. the Arabs, and app. in this case,] means [a season of] drought, or dearth. (Ham pp. 149-50.) b2: يَوْمٌ شَاتٍ A day intensely cold: (Msb:) or a day in which is بَرَد [i. e. hail (accord. to the CK بَرْد)]; and in like manner غَدَاةٌ شَاتِيَةٌ [a morning in which is hail]. (K, TA.) شَاتَاةٌ: see its syn. شِتَآءٌ.

مَشْتًى The place [in which one resides, stays, dwells, or abides, during the season] of the شِتَآء

[or winter, &c.]; as also ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (K:) pl. مَشَاتٍ. (TA.) مُشْتٍ: see شَتْوِىٌّ, last sentence. b2: It is said in a trad., as some relate it, وَالنَّاسُ مُرْمِلُونَ مُشْتُونَ, meaning The people being in a state of straitness, or dearth, and hunger, and paucity of milk: but IAth says that the reading commonly known is مُسْنِتُونَ. (TA.) مَشْتَاةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ, in two places: b2: and مَشْتًى.

امر

1 أَمَرَهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, &c.,) inf. n. أَمْرٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and إِمَارٌ, (M, L, K,) which latter, however, is disapproved by MF, (TA,) and إِيمَارٌ is syn. therewith, (K,) but this also is disapproved by MF, and deemed by him strange, [being by rule the inf. n. of ↓ آمَرَهُ, respecting which see what follows,] (TA,) and آمِرَةٌ, (M, K,) which is one of the inf. ns. [or quasiinf. ns.] of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, like عَافِيَةٌ and عَاقِبَةٌ, (M,) He commanded him; ordered him; bade him; enjoined him; the inf. n. signifying the contr. of نَهْىٌ; (T, M, K;) as also ↓ آمرهُ, (Kr, M, K,) mentioned by A'Obeyd also as a dial. var. of أمَرَهُ: (Msb:) but A'Obeyd says that آمَرْتُهُ and أَمرْتُهُ are syn. [in a sense different from that explained above, i. e.] as meaning كَثَّرْتُهُ. (TA.) You say, أَمَرَهُ بِهِ, (S, M, K,) and أَمَرَهُ إِيَّاهُ, suppressing the prep., (M,) He commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do it. (M, K.) And أمَرْتُكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ, and لِتَفْعَلَ, and بِأنْ تَفْعَلَ, I commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, thee to do [such a thing]. (M.) [And أَمَرَهُ بِكَذَا as meaning He commanded him, or ordered him, to make use of such a thing; or the like: whence, in a trad.,] أُمِرْتُ بِالسِّوَاكِ [I have been commanded to make use of the tooth-stick]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) [And He enjoined him such a thing; as, for instance, patience.] The imperative of أَمَرَ is مُرْ; originally اؤْمُرْ; which also occurs [with وَ in the place of ؤ when the ا is pronounced with damm]: (M:) but [generally] when it is not preceded by a conjunction, (Msb,) i. e., by وَ or فَ, (T,) you suppress the ء, [i. e. the radical ء, and with it the conjunctive ا preceding it,] contr. to rule, and say, مُرْهُ بِكَذَا [Command, or order, or bid, or enjoin, thou him to do such a thing]; like as you say, كُلْ and خُذْ: when, however, it is preceded by a conjunction, the practice commonly obtaining is, to restore the وَأْمُرْ بِكَذَا, agreeably with analogy, and thus to say, أَمُرْ بِكَذَا. (Msb.) b2: [You say also, أَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُتِلَ He gave an order respecting him, and accordingly he was slain. And أَمَرَ لَهُ بِكَذَا He ordered that such a thing should be done, or given, to him.] b3: In the Kur [xvii. 17], أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا, so accord. to most of the readers, (T, &c.,) means We commanded [its luxurious inhabitants] to obey, but they transgressed therein, or departed from the right way, or disobeyed: (Fr, T, S, &c.:) so says Aboo-Is-hák; adding that, although one says, أَمَرتُ زَيْدًا فَضَرَبَ عَمْرًا, meaning I commanded Zeyd to beat 'Amr, and he beat him, yet one also says, أَمَرْتُكَ فَعَصَيْتَنِى [I commanded thee, but thou disobeyedst me]: or, accord. to some, the meaning is, We multiplied its luxurious inhabitants; (T;) and this is agreeable with another reading, namely, ↓ آمَرْنَا; (TA;) and a reading of El-Hasan, namely, أَمِرْنَا, like عَلِمْنَا, may be a dial. var., of the same signification: (M:) see 4, in two places: or it may be from الإِمَارَةُ; (S, TA;) [in which case it seems that we should read ↓ أَمَّرْنَا; or, perhaps, أَمَرْنَا: see 2:] Abu-l-'Áliyeh reads ↓ أَمَّرْنَا, and this is agreeable with the explanation of I'Ab, who says that the meaning is, We made its chiefs to have authority, power, or dominion. (TA.) b4: أَمَرَهُ, aor. ـُ also signifies He commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do that which it behooved him to do. (A.) [He counselled, or advised, him.] One says, مُرْنِى, meaning Counsel thou me; advise thou me. (A.) b5: أَمَرَ بِاقْتِنَاصٍ, said of a wild animal, means He rendered the beholder desirous of capturing him. (M.) A2: أَمَرَ, (As, Fr, Th, T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA;) and أَمُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, IKtt, K;) and أَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (M, K, and several other authorities; but by some this is disallowed; TA;) inf. n. أَمْرٌ (K) and إِمْرَةٌ (S) and إِمَارَةٌ; (As, T, S;) or the second is a simple subst.; (K;) or perhaps it is meant in the S that this and the third are quasi-inf. ns.; (MF;) He had, or held, command; he presided as a commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (M, Msb, K;) he became an أَمِير; (As, T, S;) عَلَى

القَوْمِ over the people. (M, * Msb, K.) [See also 5.]

أَمَرَ فُلَانٌ وَأُمِرَ عَلَيْهِ, or عليه ↓ وأُمِّرَ, (as in different copies of the S,) [Such a one has held command and been commanded,] is said of one who has been a commander, or governor, after having been a subject of a commander, or governor; meaning such a one is a person of experience; or one who has been tried, or proved and strengthened, by experience. (S.) A3: أَمَرَهُ as syn. with آمَرَهُ: see 4.

A4: أَمِرَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمَرٌ and أَمْرَة; (M, K, TA; the latter written in the CK اَمْرَة;) and أمُرَ, aor. ـَ (IKtt;) (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, M, Msb, or a man's property, or camels or the like, Abu-l-Hasan and S, and a people, T, S) multiplied; or became many, or much, or abundant; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) and became complete. (M, K.) b2: And the former, (assumed tropical:) His beasts multiplied; or became many; (M, K;) [ as also ↓ آمر; for you say,] بَنُو فُلَانٍ ↓ آمر, inf. n. إِيمَارٌ, (assumed tropical:) The property, or camels or the like, of the sons of such a one multiplied; or became many, or abundant. (M.) A5: أَمِرَ الأَمْرُ, (Akh, S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. أَمَرٌ, (Akh, S,) (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, (i. e., a man's affair, or case, Akh, S,) became severe, distressful, grievous, or afflictive. (Akh, S, K.) 2 أمّرهُ, inf. n. تَأْمِيرٌ, He made him, or appointed him, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) [And it seems to be indicated in the S that ↓ أَمَرَهُ, without teshdeed, signifies the same.] See 1, in three places. Yousay also, أُمِّرَعَلَيْنَا (A, TA) He was made, or appointed, commander, &c., over us. (TA.) b2: Also He appointed him judge, or umpire. (Mgh.) b3: أمّر القَنَاةَ (assumed tropical:) He affixed a spear-head to the cane or spear. (T, M.) [See also the pass. part. n., below.] b4: أمّرأَمَارَةٍ He made [a thing] a sign, or mark, to show the way. (T.) 3 آمرهُ فِي أَمْرِهِ, (T, * S, M, Msb,) inf. n. مُؤَامَرَةٌ, (S, K,) He consulted him respecting his affair, or case; (T, * S, M, Msb, K, * TA;) as also وَامَرَهُ; (TA;) or this is not a chaste form; (IAth, TA;) or it is vulgar; (S, TA;) and ↓ استأمرهُ, (M,) inf. n. اسْتِئْمَارٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ ائتمرهُ, (T,) inf. n. ائتِمَارٌ. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., آمِرُوا النِّسَآءَ فِى أَنْفُسِهِنَّ Consult ye women respecting themselves, as to marrying them. (TA.) And in another trad., آمَرَتْ نَفْسَهَا, meaning She consulted herself, or her mind; as also ↓ استأمرت نفسها. (TA.) [See another ex. voce نَفْسٌ. and see also 8.]4 آمر, inf. n. إِيمَارٌ: see 1, last sentence but one, in two places.

A2: آمْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَمَرَهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (M,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمْرٌ; (Msb;) both signifying the same accord. to AO, (S,) or A 'Obeyd, (TA,) but the latter is of weak authority, (K,) or is not allowable; (M;) and, accord. to El-Hasan's reading of xvii. 17 of the Kur, (see 1,) ↓ أَمِرَهُ also; (M;) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) multiplied it; or made it many, or much, or abundant: (S, Msb:) He (God) multiplied, or made many or much or abundant, his progeny, and his beasts: (M, K:) and آمر مَالَهُ (assumed tropical:) He (God) multiplied, &c., his property, or camels or the like. (S.) A3: See also 1, first sentence, in two places.5 تأمّر He became made, or appointed, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (Msb;) he received authority, power, or dominion; عَلَيْهِمْ over them. (S, K.) [See also أَمَرَ.] b2: See also 8.6 تَاَاْمَرَ see 8, in three places.8 ائتمر [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَمَرَ] He obeyed, or conformed to, a command; (S, * M, Mgh, K; *) he heard and obeyed. (Msb.) You say, ائتمر بِخَيْرٍ, meaning He was as though his mind commanded him to do good and he obeyed the command. (M.) And [you use it transitively, saying,] ائتمر الأَمْرَ He obeyed, or conformed to, the command. (S.) And لَا يَأْتَمِرُ رُشْدًا He will not do right of his own accord. (A.) Imra el-Keys says, (S,) or En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab, (T,) وَيَعْدُو عَلَى المَرْءِ مَا يَأْتَمِرْ [And that which man obeys wrongs him, or injures him]; meaning, that which his own soul commands him to do, and which he judges to be right, but in which often is found his destruction: (S:) or, accord. to KT, that evil which man purposes to do: (T:) or that which man does without consideration, and without looking to its result. (A 'Obeyd, T.) [See what follows.] b2: He undertook a thing without consulting; (KT, T;) as though his soul, or mind, ordered him to do it and he obeyed it: (TA:) he followed his own opinion only. (Mgh.) One says, أَمَرْتُهُ فأْتَمَرَ وَأَبَى

أَنْ يَأْتَمِرَ, (A, Mgh,) meaning I commanded him, but he followed his own opinion only, and refused to obey. (Mgh.) b3: He formed an opinion, and consulted his own mind, and determined upon it. (Sh, T.) And ائتمر رَأْيَهُ He consulted his own mind, or judgment, respecting what was right for him to do. (Sh, T.) b4: ائتمروا, (A, Msb,) inf. n. ائْتِمَارٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ تآمروا, (A,) inf. n. تَآمُرٌ, of the measure تَفَاعُلٌ; (S;) and ↓ تأمّروا, (TA,) inf. n. تَأَمُّرٌ; (K;) They consulted together: (S, * A, Msb, K: *) or ائتمروا and ↓ تآمروا signify they commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, one another; like as one says, اقتتلوا and تقاتلوا, and اختصموا and تخاصموا: (T:) or ائتمروا عَلَى الأَمْرِ and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تآمروا, they determined, or settled, their opinions respecting the affair, or case: (M:) and ائتمروا بِهِ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (K,) signifies they purposed it, (S, Msb, K, *) namely, a thing, (Msb, K,) and consulted one another respecting it. (S.) It is said in the Kur [lxv. 6], وَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَعْرُوفٍ And command ye, or enjoin ye, one another to do good: [such is app. the meaning,] but God best knoweth: (T:) or, accord. to KT, purpose ye among yourselves to do good. (TA.) And in the same [xxviii. 19], إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلوُكَ, meaning Verily the chiefs command one another respecting thee, to slay thee: (Zj, T:) or consult together against thee, to slay thee: (AO, T:) or purpose against thee, to slay thee: (KT, T:) but the last but one of these explanations is better than the last. (T.) b5: See also 3. b6: Accord. to El-Bushtee, ائتمرهُ also signifies He gave him permission: but this has not been heard from an Arab. (Az, TA.) 10 إِسْتَاْمَرَ see 3, in two places.

أَمْرٌ A command; an order; a bidding; an injunction; a decree; an ordinance; a prescript: (S, * Msb, * TA, &c.:) pl. أَوَامِرُ: (S, Msb, &c.:) so accord. to common usage; and some writers of authority justify and explain it by saying that أَمْرٌ is [originally] مَأْمُوُرٌ بِهِ; that it is then changed to the measure فَاعِلٌ; [i. e., to آمِرٌ;] like أَمْرٌ عَارِفٌ, which is originally مَعْرُوفٌ; and عِيشَةٌ راضِيَةٌ, originally مَرْضِيَّةٌ; &c.; [and then, to أَمْرٌ;] and that فَاعِلٌ becomes in the pl. فَوَاعِلُ; so that أَوَامَرُ is the pl. of مَإْمُورٌ: others say that it has this form of pl. to distinguish it from أَمْرٌ in the sense of حَالٌ [&c.], in which sense it has for its pl. أُمُورٌ. (Msb, TA.) [But I think that أَوَامِرُ may be properly and originally pl. of آمِرَةٌ, for آيَةٌ آمِرَةٌ, or the like. MF says that, accord. to the T and M, the pl. of أَمْرٌ in the sense explained in the beginning of this paragraph is أُمُورٌ: but he seems to have founded his assertion upon corrupted copies of those works; for in the M, I find nothing on this point; and in the T, not, as he says, الأَمْرُضِدُّ النَّهْىَ وَاحِدُ الأُمُور, but قَالَ اللَّيْثُ الأَمْرُ مَعْرُوفٌ نَقِيضُ النَّهْىِ وَاحِدُ الأُمُورِ, evidently meaning that أَمْرٌ signifies the contr. of نَهْىٌ, and is also, in another sense, the sing. of أُمُورٌ.] [Hence,] أُولُو الأَمْرِ Those who hold command or rule, and the learned men. (M, K. [See Kur iv. 62.]) and أَمْرُاللّٰهِ The threatened punishment of God: so in the Kur x. 25, and xi. 42, and xvi.1; in which last place occur the words, أَتَي أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ, meaning The threatened punishment ordained of God hath, as it were, come: so near is it, that it is as though it had already come: therefore desire not ye to hasten it. (Zj, M, TA.) And The purpose of God. (Bd and Jel in lxv. 3; &c.) and الأَمْرُ قَرِيبٌ The resurrection, or the time thereof, is near. (Mgh, from a trad.) And مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَنْ

أَمْرِى, in the Kur xviii. 81, I did it not of my own judgment: (Bd:) or, of my own choice. (Jel.) [Hence also الأَمْرُ, in grammar, signifies The imperative form of a verb.] b2: Also A thing; an affair; a business; a matter; a concern: a state, of a person or thing, or of persons or things or affairs or circumstances; a condition; a case: an accident; an event: an action: syn. شَأْنٌ: (M, F, TA:) and حَالٌ, (Msb, TA,) and حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) and حَادِثَةٌ: (K:) and فِعْلٌ: (MF, TA:) and a thing that is said; a saying: ( TA voce أُولُو, at the end of art. ال:) pl. أُمُورٌ; (S, M, K, &c.;) its only pl. in the senses here explained. (TA.) You say, أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ مُسْتَقِيمٌ [The affair, or the like, of such a one is in a right state]: and امُورُهُ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ [His affairs are in a right state]. (S, A.) And شَتَّتَ أَمْرَهُ He dissipated, disorganized, disordered, unsettled, or broke up, his state of things, or affairs. (As, TA in art. شعب.) [امر seems to be here used, as in many other instances, rather in the sense of the pl. than in that of the sing.] b3: أَمْرٌ كُلِّىٌّ [A universal, or general, prescript, rule, or canon]. (Msb voce قَاعِدَةٌ, KT voce قَانُونٌ, &c.) إِمْرٌ a subst. from أَمِرَالِأَمْرُ in the sense of اِشْتَدَّ; (S;) or a subst. from أَمِرَ as signifying كَثُرَ and تَمَّ; (M;) (assumed tropical:) [A severe, a distressful, a grievous, or an afflictive, thing: or] a terrible, and foul, or very foul, thing: or a wonderful thing. (TA,) Hence, [used as an epithet, like أَمِرٌ, q. v.,] in the Kur [xviii. 70], لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا (assumed tropical:) Verily thou hast done a severe, a distressful, a grievous, or an afflictive, thing: (S:) or a terrible, and foul, or very foul, thing: (TA:) or a wonderful thing: (S:) or an abominable, a foul, or an evil, and a wonderful, thing: (Ks, M, K: *) or a terrible and an abominable thing; signifying more than نَكْرًا, [which occurs after, in verse 73,] inasmuch as the [presumed] drowning of the persons in the ship was more abominable than the slaying of one person: (Zj, T:) or a crafty, and an abominable, or a foul, or an evil, and a wonderful, thing; and derived from أَمِرَ القَوْمُ as meaning كَثُرُوا. (Ks.) أَمَرٌ a coll. gen. n. of which أَمَرَةٌ (q. v.) is the n. un.

A2: See also تَأْمُورٌ.

أَمِرٌ: see إِمَّرٌ.

A2: (assumed tropical:) Multiplied; or become many, or much, or abundant. (M, K.) [See أَمِرَ.] Yousay زَرْعٌ أَمِرٌ (assumed tropical:) Abundant seed-produce. (Lh, M.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man whose beasts have multiplied, or become many or abundant. (M.) (assumed tropical:) A man blessed, or prospered, (Ibn-Buzurj, M, K, *) in his property: (M:) fem. with ة. (Ibn-Buzurj.) and with ة, (assumed tropical:) A woman blessed to her husband [ by her being prolific]: from the signification of كَثْرَةٌ. (M.) A3: (assumed tropical:) Severe; distressful; afflictive. (TA.) [See also إِمْرٌ.]

أَمْرَةٌ A single command, order, bidding, or injunction: as in the saying, لَكَ عَلَىَّ أَمْرَةٌ مُطَاعَةٌ Thou hast authority to give me one command, order, bidding, or injunction, which shall be obeyed by me. (S, M, * A, Msb, K.) You should not say, [in this sense,] إِمْرَةٌ, with kesr. (T, S.) A2: See also إِمْرَةٌ.

إِمْرَةٌ a subst. from أَمَرَ [q. v.]; Possession of command; the office, and authority, of a commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (M, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ إِمَارَةٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ; (L, K;) but this last is by some disallowed, and is said in the Fs and its Expositions to be unknown. (MF.) It is said in a trad., لَعَلَّكَ سآءَ تْكَ إِمْرَةُ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ Perhaps thy paternal uncle's son's possession of command hath displeased thee. (TA.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) Increase, or abundance, or the like; as also other forms mentioned in what follows.] You say, فِى وَجْهِ مَالِكَ تَعْرِفُ إِمْرَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) In the face of thy property, [meaning such as consists in camels or the like, and also money,] thou knowest its increase and abundance, and its expense: (S:) or ↓ إِمَّرَتَهُ, and ↓ إِمّرَتَهُ, which latter is a dial. var. of weak authority, and ↓ أَمَّرَتَهُ, i. e., its increase and abundance: (M:) or ↓ إِمَّرَتَهُ as meaning its prosperous state; as also ↓ أَمَارَتَهُ, and ↓ أَمْرَتَهُ: (Ibn-Buzurj:) accord. to AHeyth, who reads ↓ تُعْرَفُ إِمَّرَتُهُ, the meaning is, its decrease; but the correct meaning is, its increase, as Fr explains it. (T, TA.) It is said respecting anything of which one knows what is good in it at first sight: (Lh, M:) and means, on a thing's presenting itself, thou knowest its goodness. (T.) One says also, ↓ مأَحْسَنَ أَمَارَتَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) How good is their multiplying, and the multiplying of their offspring and of their number! (M.) And ↓ لَا جَعَلَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِ إِمَّرَةً (assumed tropical:) May God not make an increase to be therein. (T.) أَمَرَةٌ Stones: (K:) [or a heap of stones:] or it is the n. un. of أَمَرٌ, which signifies stones: (M:) or the latter signifies stones set up in order that one may be directed thereby to the right way: (Ham p. 409:) and the former also signifies a hill; (M, K;) and أَمَرٌ is [used as] its pl.: (M:) and a sign, or mark, by which anything is known; (M, K;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ; (As, S;) and أَمَرٌ is [used as] its pl. in this sense also: (M:) or a sign, or mark, set up to show the way; (AA, Fr;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَهٌ: (K:) or a small sign, or mark, of stones, to show the way, in a waterless desert; (S;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ [and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ]; and any sign, or mark, that is prepared: (TA:) or a structure like a مَنَارَة [here app. meaning a tower of a mosque], upon a mountain, wide like a house or tent, and larger, of the height of forty times the stature of a man, made in the time of 'Ád and Irem; in some instances its foundation being like a house, though it consists only of stones piled up, one upon another, cemented together with mud, appearing as though it were of natural formation: (ISh, T:) the pl. (in all the senses above, K) [or rather the coll. gen. n.,] is أَمَرٌ. (S, K.) A2: See also إِمْرَةٌ.

أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ A sign, mark, or token. (As, S Mgh.) See also each voce أَمَرَةٌ, in three places. You say, هِى أَمَارَةُ مَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ It is a sign, or token, of what is between me and thee. (T, * TA.) And a poet says, إِذَا طَلَعَتْ شَمْسُ النَّهَارِ فَإِنَّهَا

أَمَارَةُ تَسْلِيمِى عَلَيْكِ فَسَلِّمِى

[When the sun of day rises, it is a sign of my saluting thee, therefore do thou salute]. (TA.) b2: Also A time: (As, S, K:) so IAar explains the latter word, not particularizing the time as definite or otherwise: (M:) or a definite time: (TA:) or a time, or place, of promise or appointment; an appointed time or place; syn. مَوْعِدٌ: (M, Mgh, K:) or, accord. to some, the former word is pl. [or rather col. gen. n.] of the latter. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, إِذْ رَدَّهَا بِكَيْدِهِ فَارْتَدَّتِ

إِلَي أَمَارٍ وَأَمَارِ مُدَّتِى

When He (meaning God) brings it, ( namely my soul,) by his skilful ordering, and his power, [and it is thus brought, or it thus comes, to a set time, and] to the time of the end of my appointed period: امارمدّتى being as above; the former word being prefixed to the latter, governing it in the gen. case. (IB. [In the S we find وَأَمَارٌ مُدَّتِى.]) أَمُورٌ [an intensive epithet from أَمَرَهُ]. You say, إِنَّهُ لَأَمُورٌ بِالْمَعْروفِ وَنَهُوٌّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ Verily he is one who strongly commands, or enjoins, good conduct, and who strongly forbids evil conduct. (S in art. نهى, and A. *) أَمِيرٌ One having, holding, or possessing, command; (S;) a commander; a governor; a lord; (M, * Msb;) a prince, or king: (M, K:) fem. with ة: (S, K:) pl. إُمَرَآءُ. (M, Msb, K.) b2: A leader of the blind. (M, K.) So in the saying of El-Aashà: إِذَاكَانَ هَادِى الفَتَى فِى البِلَا دِصَدْرَ القَنَاةِ أَطَاعَ الأَمِيرَا [When the young man's guide in the countries, or lands, or the like, is the top of the cane, he obeys the leader of the blind]. (M.) b3: A woman's husband. (A.) b4: A neighbour. (K.) b5: A person with whom one consults: (A, K:) any one of whom one begs counsel, or advice, in a case of fear. (TA.) You say, هُوَ أَمِيرِى He is the person with whom I consult. (A.) أَمَارَةٌ: see إِمْرَةٌ, in three places: b2: and see also أَمَرَةٌ, in three places; and أَمَارٌ.

إِمَارَةِ: see إِمْرَةٌ. b2: الإِمَارَةُ is also used for صَاحِبُ الإمَارَةِ, i. e. الأَمِيرُ. (Mgh.) أَمَّرٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

إِمَّرٌ A man who consults every one respecting his case; as also ↓ أَمِرٌ and ↓ أَمَّارَةٌ: (M:) or a man resembling [in stupidity] a kid: [see the latter part of this paragraph:] (Th, M:) or, as also ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ (S, M, K, &c.) and ↓ أَمَّرٌ and ↓ أَمَّرَةٌ, (K,) a man having weak judgment, (S, K,) stupid, (T, M,) or weak, without judgment, (M, L,) or without intellect, or intelligence, (T,) who obeys the command of every one, (T, S,) who complies with what every one desires to do in all his affairs; (K;) a stupid man, of weak judgment, who says to another, Command me to execute thine affair. (IAth.) It is said in a trad., مَنْ يُطِعْ إِمَّرَةً لَا يَأْكُلْ ثَمَرَةً [He who obeys a stupid man, &c., shall not eat fruit: or the meaning is] he who obeys a stupid woman shall be debarred from good. (IAth.) ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ is applied to a woman and to a man: when it is applied to a man, the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (ISh.) The following saying, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى

وَلَا إِمَّرًا, ↓ سَفَرًا فَلَا تُرْسِلْ فِيهَا إِمَّرَةً, in rhyming prose, means [When Sirius rises in the clear twilight,] send not thou among them (meaning the camels) a man without intelligence [in a great degree, nor one who is so in a less degree; or a woman without intelligence, nor a man without intelligence;] to manage them. (Sh.) b2: Also, (M, K,) and ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ and ↓ أَمَّرَ and ↓ أُمَّرٌ, (K,) A young lamb: (M, K:) or the first (إِمَرٌ) and the second, a young kid: (M, TA:) or the former of these two, a male lamb: (M, TA:) or a young male lamb: (S:) and the latter of them, a female lamb: (M, TA:) or a young female lamb. (S, M.) One says, ↓ مَا لَهُ إِمَّرٌ وَلَا إِمَّرَةٌ, meaning He has not a male lamb nor a female lamb: (M, TA:) or he has not anything. (T, S, M.) أَمَّرَةٌ: see إِمَّرٌ, in two places.

إِمَّرَةٌ: see إِمَّرٌ, in six places: A2: and see إِمْرَةٌ, in four places.

إِمّرَةٌ: see إِمْرَةٌ.

أَمَّارٌ [Wont to command]. [Hence,] النَّفْسُ الأَمَّارَةُ [The soul that is wont to command]; (A;) the soul that inclines to the nature of the body, that commands to the indulgence of pleasures and sensual appetites, drawing the heart downwards, so that it is the abode of evils, and the source of culpable dispositions. (KT.) [See نَفْسٌ.]

أَمَّارَةٌ fem. of أَمَّارٌ [q. v.]. b2: See also إِمَّرٌ.

آمِرٌ [act. part. n. of أَمَرَهُ.] b2: آمِرٌ and ↓ مُؤْتَمِرٌ Two days, (S,) the last, (K,) the former being the sixth, and the latter the seventh, (M,) of the days called أَيَّامُ الَجُوزِ: (S, M, K: [but see عَجُوزٌ:]) as though the former commanded men to be cautious, and the latter consulted them as to whether they should set forth on a journey or stay at home: (S:) accord. to Az, the latter is applied as an epithet to the day as meaning يُؤْتَمَرُفِيهِ. (TA.) تَأْمُرِىُّ: see تَأْمُورٌ, in two places.

تُؤْمُرِىٌّ, and without ء: see تَأْمُورٌ, in six places.

تَأْمُورٌ and ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ are properly mentioned in this art.; the measure of the former being تَفْعُولٌ; (K;) and that of the latter, تَفْعْلولَةٌ: (TA:) not as J has imagined; [who writes them without ء, and mentions them in art. تمر;] (K;) their measures accord. to him being فَاعُولٌ and فَاعُولَةٌ. (TA.) [But in all the senses here explained, they appear to be with and without ء.] b2: The former signifies The soul: (S in art. تمر, where it is written without ء; and M, A, K:) because it is that which is wont to command. (A.) One says, قَدْ عَلِمَ تَأْمُورُكَ ذلِكَ Thy soul, or self, hath known that. (Az, and T in art. تمر.) b3: The intellect: (M:) as in the saying, عَرَفْتُهُ بِتَأْمُورِي I knew it by my intellect. (M in art. تمر, without ء; and TA.) You say also, هُوَ ابْنُ تَأْمُورِهَا, meaning He is the knowing with respect to it. (TA in art. بني.) b4: The heart, (T in art. تمر without ء, and M, A, K,) itself. (M, TA.) Hence the saying, حَرْفٌ فِى تَأْمُورِى خَيْرٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ فى وِ عَائِكَ [One word in my heart is better than ten in thy receptacle]. (T in art. تمر, and TA.) b5: The pericardium. (M in art. تمر, without ء.) b6: The core, or black or inner part, or clot of blood, (حَبَّة, M, K, or عَلَقَة, TA,) and life, and blood, of the heart: (M, K:) or blood, (As, S, M, in art. تمر, and K,) absolutely: (TA:) and تَأْمُورُ النَّفْسِ signifies the life-blood: (As, S:) or the blood of the body: (S in art. نفس:) and the life of the soul. (M, K.) b7: Also, as being likened to blood, (TA,) (tropical:) Wine; and so ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ: (M, K:) and b8: (tropical:) A dye: (M, TA:) and b9: (tropical:) Saffron. (As, K.) b10: [Hence also,] (tropical:) Water. (M, K.) You say, مَا فىِ الرَّكِيَّةِ تَامُورٌ, (T, S in art. تمر, and M,) or تَأْمُورٌ, (A,) (tropical:) There is not in the well any water. (T, S, M, A.) A2: The wezeer (وَزِير) of a king: (M, K:) because his command is effectual. (TA.) A3: Any one: as in the saying, مَابِهَا تَأْمُورٌ, (T in art. تمر, A, K,) as also ↓ تُؤْمُورٌ, (T in art. تمر, and K,) each with an augmentative ت, and without ء as well as with it, accord. to Er-Radee and others, (TA,) and ↓ تَأْمُرِىُّ, and ↓ تَأْمُورِىُّ, (M,) and ↓ تُؤْمُرِىُّ, (T in art. تمر, M, TA,) or without ء, (S, M, K, in art. تمر,) and ↓ أَمَرٌ, (M, K,) There is not in it (i. e. in the house, الدار, M, A, TA) any one. (M, A, K, and T and S in art. تمر.) You say also, خَلَآءٌ بِلَادٌ

↓ لَيْسَ فِيهَاتُومُرِىٌّ Vacant regions wherein is not any one. (S in art. تمر.) ↓ تُؤْمُرِىٌّ (M, K) and ↓ تُومُرِىٌّ (S in art. تمر) and ↓ تَأْمُورِىٌّ and ↓ تَأْمُرِيٌّ (M, K) also signify A man, or human being. (S, * M, K.) You say, speaking of a beautiful woman, أَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا ↓ مَا رَأَيْتُ تُومُرِيَّا I have not seen a human being, or creature, more beautiful than she: (S and M in art. تمر:) and مَا رَأَيْتُ

أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ ↓ تُومُرِيَّا [I have not seen a man more beautiful than he]. (T and S in art. تمر.) Accord. to some, they are used only in negative phrases; but accord. to others, they are also used in such as are affirmative. (MF.) b2: Also Anything: as in the saying أَكَلَ الذِّئْبُ الشَّاةَ فَمَا تَرَكَ مِنْهَا تَامُورًا [The wolf ate the sheep, or goat, and left not of it anything]. (T and S in art. تمر.) A4: A child, young one, or fœtus syn. وَلَدٌ. (M, K.) A5: The receptacle (وِعَآء) of the child, young one, or fœtus. (M in art. تمر, without ء; and K.) b2: A وِعَآء [in the ordinary sense; i. e. a bag, or receptacle, for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c.]. (M, K.) Hence the saying, أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِتَأْمُورِكَ Thou art best acquainted with what thou hast with thee; and with thine own mind. (M.) b3: Also, (K,) and ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ, (M, [in which the former is not given in the following senses,] and K,) or ↓ تَامُورَةٌ, (S in art. تمر,) A ewer, syn. إِبْرِيقٌ, (S, M, K,) for wine: (S:) and, (M, K,) or, as some say, (TA,) a حُقَّة (M, K, TA) in which wine is put. (TA.) b4: Also the first, (M, K,) or ↓ third, (T and S in art. تمر,) The chamber, or cell, (صَوْمَعَة, T and M in art. تمر, without ء, and S and K, and نامُوى, M, K,) of a monk. (M, K.) b5: And hence, (TA,) the first, (K,) and ↓ second, (M, K,) or ↓ third, of these three words, (T and S, in art. تمر,) (tropical:) The covert, or retreat, of a lion. (T, S, M, K.) Whence, ↓ فُلَانٌ أَسَدٌ فِى تَامُورَتِهِ (tropical:) Such a one is a lion in his covert: (T and S in art. تمر:) a saying borrowed from 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib: (T and S ibid:) or, accord. to some, it means, a lion in the greatness of his courage, and in his heart. (TA.) A6: Also (i. e. the first only) Play, or sport, of girls or of boys. (Th, M in art. تمر without ء, and K.) A7: See also يَأْمُورٌ.

تُؤْمُورٌ A sign, or mark, set up to show the way in a waterless desert; (K, TA;) consisting of stones piled up, one upon another: (TA:) pl. تَآمِيرُ. (K.) [See أَمَرَةٌ.]

A2: See also تَأْمُورٌ.

تَأْمُورَةٌ, and without ء: see تَأْمُورٌ, in eight places. b2: Also The pericardium; the integument (غِلَاف) of the heart. (S in art. تمر: there written without ء.) تَأْمُورِىٌّ: see تَأْمُورٌ, in two places.

مِئْمَرٌ Counsel; advice: as in the saying, فُلَانٌ بَعِيدٌ مِنَ المِئْمَرِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المِئْبَرِ Such a one is far from counsel, or advice: near to calumny, or slander. (A.) مُؤَمَّرٌ Made, or appointed, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king: (S, M, K: *) made to have authority, power, or dominion: (T, M, K:) in which latter sense it is explained by Khálid, as applied by Ibn-Mukbil to a spear. (T.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A cane, or spear-shaft, having a spearhead affixed to it. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A spear-head (T, TA) sharpened; syn. مُحَدَّدٌ. (T, M, K, TA.) b4: Distinguished, or defined, (مُحَدَّدٌ,) by signs, or marks: (TA:) or, as some say, (TA,) marked with a hot iron; syn. مُوْسُومٌ. (K, TA.) مَأْمُورٌ [pass. part. n. of أَمَرَهُ, q. v.]. b2: It is said in a trad., (S, &c.,) خَيْرُ المَالِ مُهْرَةٌ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَسِكَّةٌ مَأْبُورَةٌ (tropical:) The best of property are a prolific filly [and a row of palm-trees, or perhaps a tall palmtree, fecundated]; (Az, A 'Obeyd, T, S, A, K;) as though the filly were commanded [by God] to be so: (A, in which the epithet مأمورة thus used is said to be tropical:) [or] مأمورة is thus for the sake of conformity to مأبورة, and is originally مُؤْمَرَةٌ, (S, M, * K,) from آمَرَهَا اللّٰهُ: (TA:) or it is a dial. var. of weak authority; (K;) though, accord. to Az, it signifies made to have abundant offspring, from أَمَرَ اللّٰهُ المُهْرَةَ, meaning “God made the filly to have abundant offspring,” a dial. var. of آمَرَهَا, as A 'Obeyd also asserts it to be. (TA.) مَآمِرُ and مَآمِيرُ: see what next follows.

مُؤْتَمِرٌ [Obeying, or conforming to, a command; &c.: see 8. b2: ] One who acts according to his own opinion; (T;) who follows his own opinion only: or who hastes to speak. (M.) A2: See also آمِرٌ. b2: Also, and المُؤْتَمِرُ, [The month which is now commonly called] المُحَرَّمُ: (M, K:) the former appellation (مؤتمر) is that by which the tribe of 'Ád called it: (Ibn-El-Kelbee:) pl. ↓ مَآمِرُ and مَآمِيرُ [both anomalous]. (M, K.) [See شَهْرٌ.]

يَأْمُورٌ; (M, K;) so in all the copies of the K but in the L and other lexicons, ↓ تَأْمُورٌ; (TA;) A certain beast of the sea: or, as some say, a small beast: (M:) and a kind of mountain-goat: (M, K:) or a certain wild beast, (K, TA,) or a beast resembling the mountain-goat, (M,) having a single branching horn in the middle of his head. (M, TA.) [See يَحْمُورٌ, the oryx.]

عسر

1 عَسُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عُسْرٌ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and عُسُرٌ (S, A, K) and عَسَارَةٌ (Msb, K) [and مَعْسُورٌ and عُسْرَةٌ and مَعْسَرَةٌ and مَعْسُرَةٌ and عُسْرَى (see عُسْرٌ below)]; and عَسِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَسَرٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ تعسّر, (A, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ تعاسر, (K,) and ↓ استعسر; (A, O, Msb, K;) It (an affair, or a thing, S, A, O, Msb) was, or became, difficult, hard, strait, or intricate. (S, A, O, Msb, K, * TA.) You say, عَسُرَ عَلَيْهِ, (TA,) and عَسِرَ, (S, O,) and ↓ تعسّر, and ↓ تعاسر, and ↓ استعسر, (K,) It was, or became, difficult, hard, strait, or intricate, to him. (S, * O, * K.) b2: عَسُرَ مَا فِى البَطْنِ, (as in the CK and a MS. copy of the K,) or عَسَرَ, (accord. to the TA,) What was in the belly would not come forth. (K.) You say عَسَرَ عَلَيْهِ مَا فِى البَطْنِ What was in his belly would not come forth. (TA.) b3: See also 4. b4: عَسُرَ, (Msb,) or عَسَرَ, (IKtt, TA,) or عَسِرَ, (TK,) inf. n. عُسْرٌ and عَسَارَةٌ (Msb, IKtt, TA) and عَسَرٌ, (IKtt, K,) He (a man) had little gentleness, (Msb, IKtt,) فِى الأُمُورِ [in the execucution of affairs]; (Msb;) and was narrow, or niggardly, in disposition: (IKtt:) or he was hard in disposition; or illnatured. (K, * TK.) b5: عَسُرَ عَلَيْهِ, (A, and so in the CK and a MS. copy of the K,) or عَسَرَ, (as in the TA,) inf. n. عُسْرٌ, (TA,) He acted contrarily, or adversely, to him; opposed him; (A, K;) as also ↓ عسّر, (K,) inf. n. تَعْسِيرٌ: (TA:) and عليه ↓ عسّر also signifies he straitened him. (Sb, O, * TA.) b6: عَسُرَ الزَّمَانُ, (so in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K,) or عَسَرَ, (so in the TA,) Time, or fortune, became severe, rigorous, afflictive, or adverse, (K,) عَلَيْنَا to us. (TA. b7: عَسُرَتِ النَّاقَةُ and عَسِرَت The she-camel was untrained. (O.) b8: And عَسَرَتْ, (K, TA,) and عَسَرَتْ بِذَنَبِهَا, (S, O, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَسَرَانٌ (S, O, K, TA) and عَسْرٌ, (O, K, TA,) She (a camel) raised her tail, after conception, to show the stallion that she was pregnant: (S, * O, TA:) and [as also, app., ↓ عسّرت, or عسّرت دَنَبَهَا, inf. n. تَعْسِيرٌ, (see ناقة عَسِيرٌ, voce عَسِرٌ,)] she (a camel) raised her tail in her running. (K, TA.) [In the former case, the action denotes repugnance to the stallion: in the latter, a degree of refractoriness: in both, difficulty.]

A2: عَسَرَ الغَرِيمَ, aor. ـِ and عَسُرَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَسْرٌ; (S, O;) and ↓ أَعْسَرَهُ; (O, Msb, K;) He demanded the debt of the debtor, it being difficult to him to pay it: (S, O, Msb, K: *) and he took it of him, it being difficult to him to pay it, and was not lenient towards him until he was in easy circumstances. (TA.) b2: عَسَرَهُ, (As, TA,) and ↓ اعتسرهُ, (S, TA,) He forced, or compelled, him, against his wish; [عَلَى الأَمْرِ to do the thing;] i. q. قَسَرَهُ, (As, TA,) and اقتسرهُ. (S, O, TA.) A3: عَسِرَ, and عَسِرَتْ, (TK,) or عَسَرَتْ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ (TK,) inf. n. عَسَرٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) He, (a man, TK,) and she, (a woman, TK,) was left-handed. (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) b2: عَسَرَنِى, (O, L, and K, and so in a copy of the S,) aor. ـِ (L,) or ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَسْرٌ; (L, TA;) and ↓ عَسَّرَنِى, (K,) or عَسِرَنِى, (L and TA, and so in a copy of the S,) aor. ـَ (TA;) He came on my right side. (S, O, L, K, TA.) 2 عَسَّرَ see 1, in four places: and see 4.3 عاسرهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُعَاسَرَةٌ, (S, O,) He treated him, or behaved towards him, with hardness, harshness, or ill-nature; (S, * O, * K;) مُعَاسَرَةٌ is the contr. of مُيَاسَرَةٌ. (S, O.) 4 اعسر, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِعْسَارْ, (Kr, Mgh, &c.,) and, accord. to Kr, عُسْرٌ; but correctly, the former is an inf. n., and عُسْرَةٌ is a simple subst.; [as is also عُسْرٌ;] (TA;) He was, or became, in a state of difficulty; possessing little power or wealth: (TA:) he became poor: (Mgh, Msb, K:) he lost his property. (S, O.) عَسَارٌ in the sense of إِعْسَارٌ is a pure mistake. (Mgh.) b2: اعسرت She (a woman) had, or experienced, difficulty in bringing forth; (Lth, S, O, K;) as also ↓ عَسَرَتْ. (O, TA.) You say, in praying for a woman in labour, أَيْسَرَتْ وَأَذْكَرَتْ (Lth, A) May she have an easy birth, and may she bring forth a male child: (Lth, O:) and in the contr. case you say, أَعْسَرَتْ وَآنَثَتْ [May she have a difficult birth, and may she bring forth a female child]. (Lth, A, O, TA.) b3: And in like manner, She (a camel) had difficulty in bringing forth, her young one sticking fast at the time of the birth. (O, TA.) b4: And She (a camel) did not conceive during her year [after she had been covered]; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ عُسِّرَتْ, in the pass. form. (TA.) A2: اعسر الغَرِيمَ: see عَسَرَ.5 تعسّر: see 1, in two places. b2: It (spun thread, غَزْلٌ, in the K قَوْلٌ [speech], but this is a mistake, TA) became entangled, so that it could not be unravelled; as also تغسّر, with the pointed غ: so accord. to Lth, as related by Az, who confirms it as of the language of the Arabs: but Sgh, in the TS [and O], says, You say of a thing, when it has become difficult, استعسر and تعسّر; but of spun thread, when it has become entangled, so that it cannot be unravelled, تغسّر, with the pointed غ; not with the unpointed ع, unless using a forced, or constrained, mode of speech. (TA.) 6 تَعَاسَرَا [They were difficult, or hard, each with the other; they treated, or behaved towards, each other with hardness, harshness, or illnature;] they disagreed, each with the other; said of a buyer and seller, and of a husband and wife; (TA;) تَعَاسُرٌ is the contr. of تَيَاسُرٌ: (S, O:) see Kur lxv. 6. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in two places.8 اعتسرهُ in the sense of اقتسرهُ: see عَسَرَهُ. b2: اعتسر النَّاقَةَ He rode the she-camel before she was trained, (S, A, O,) while she was difficult to manage: (A:) or he took her in the first stage of her training, while yet difficult to manage, and attached her rein to her nose, and rode her. (K.) b3: Hence, اعتسر الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He uttered the speech without premeditation; without measuring and preparing it in his mind. (Az, A.) b4: اعتسر مِنْ مَالِ وَلَدِهِ He took of the property of his son, or child, or children, against the wish of the latter: (S, O, K:) so occurring in a trad., with س; from الاعتسار signifying “ the act of forcing, or compelling: ” but accord. to one relation of that trad., it is with ص. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَعْسَرَ see 1, in two places.

A2: استعسرهُ He sought, or desired, or demanded, that in which he experienced, or would experience, difficulty. (O, K.) عَسْرٌ, or العَسْرُ: see عِسْرٌ, in two places.

عُسْرٌ and ↓ عُسُرٌ (S, A, O, K) and ↓ عَسَرٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ مَعْسُورٌ [respecting which, as well as some other words here mentioned, see below, in this paragraph, and see what is said of its contr.

مَيْسُورٌ, voce يُسْرٌ,] and ↓ عُسْرَةٌ and ↓ مَعْسَرَةٌ and ↓ مَعْسُرَةٌ and ↓ عُسْرَى [all of which are app. inf. ns., of 1, q. v.,] (K) Difficulty; hardness; straitness; intricacy; contr. of يُسْرٌ. (S, A, O, K.) b2: 'Eesà Ibn-'Omar observes that every noun of three letters of which the first is with damm and the second quiescent is pronounced by some of the Arabs with the second movent like the first; as عُسْرٌ and عُسُرٌ, and رُحْمٌ and رُحُمٌ, and حُلْمٌ and حُلُمٌ. (S, O.) b3: It is said in the Kur [lxv. 7], سَيَجْعَلُ اللّٰهُ بَعْدَ عُسْرٍ يُسْرًا [God will give, after difficulty, ease]. (O, TA.) And again, [xciv. 5 and 6,] فَإِنَّ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا [And verily with difficulty shall be ease: verily with difficulty shall be ease]: on reciting which, Ibn-Mes'ood said, لَنْ يَغْلِبَ عُسْرٌ يُسْرَيْنِ [A difficulty will not predominate over twofold ease], which, says Abu-l-'Abbás, is meant as an explanation of the words of the Kur immediately preceding it, agreeably with a rule mentioned by Fr [and applying to most cases, but not to all]: for العسر being mentioned, and then repeated with ال, the latter is known to be the same as the former; and يسرا being mentioned, and repeated without ال, the latter is known to be different from the former. (O, * TA.) b4: It is also said, لَوْ دَخَلَ العُسْرُ جُحْرًا لَدَخَلَ اليُسْرُ عَلَيْهِ [If difficulty were to enter a burrow in the ground, ease would enter upon it]. (TA.) b5: As to ↓ مَعْسُورٌ, it is the contr. of مَيْسُورٌ, and both are inf. ns.: (S, O:) or they are put in the places of عُسْرٌ and يُسْرٌ: (TA:) or accord. to Sb, they both are epithets; for he holds that there is no inf. n. of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; and the saying دَعْهُ إِلَى مَيْسُورِهِ وَإِلَى

مَعْسُورِهِ is expl. as signifying Leave thou him to a thing in which he experiences ease, and to a thing in which he experiences difficulty: and مَعْقُولٌ is also expl. in like manner. (S, O.) [In like manner also,] فُلَانٍ ↓ بَلَغْتُ مَعْسُورَ [may be expl. as signifying I effected a thing in which such a one experienced difficulty; meaning I treated such a one with hardness, harshness, or illnature; being] said when thou hast not treated the person of whom thou speakest with gentleness, graciousness, courtesy, or civility. (O, TA.) You also say, [using معسور and its contr. ميسور as epithets,] ↓ خُذٌ مَيْسُورَهُ وَدَعٌ مَعْسُورَهُ [Take thou what is easy thereof, and leave thou what is difficult thereof]. (A.) b6: عُسْرٌ also signifies Poverty: (Msb:) and ↓ عُسْرَةٌ, [the same: or] littleness of possessions, of property, of wealth, or of power: (S, TA:) and ↓ مَعْسَرَةٌ and ↓ مَعْسُرَةٌ, [the same: or] difficulty, and poverty; contr. of مَيْسَرَةٌ: (O, TA:) both inf. ns.: (O:) and ↓ عُسْرَى, [the same: or] difficult things, affairs, or circumstances; (TA;) contr. of يُسْرَى: (S, O, TA:) and fem. of أَعْسَرُ, applied to a thing, or an affair, or a circumstance. (TA.) b7: ↓ جَيْشُ العُسْرَةِ [The army of difficulty] is an appellation given to the army of Tabook; because they were summoned to go thither during the intense heat of summer, (O, K,) and in the season of the ripening of the fruit, (O, TA,) so that it was hard to them; (O, K;) and because the Prophet never warred before with so numerous an army, amounting to thirty thousand. (O, TA.) b8: ↓ فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَى, in the Kur [xcii. 10], signifies, as some say, [We will smooth his way] to punishment, and a difficult case. (O, TA.) عِسْرٌ, (S,) or العِسْرُ, (O, K,) A certain tribe of the Jinn, or Genii; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عَسْرٌ, (S,) or العَسْرُ: (O, K:) or the first, (S, O,) or second and ↓ last, (K,) a land inhabited by Jinn. (S, O, K.) عَسَرٌ: see عُسْرٌ.

عَسِرٌ Difficult, hard, hard to be done or accomplished, hard to be borne or endured, distressing, strait, or intricate; (S, O, Msb, K; *) applied to an affair, or a thing; (S, O, Msb;) as also ↓ عَسِيرٌ. (S, A, O, Msb, K.) b2: حَاجَةٌ عَسِرٌ, and ↓ عَسِيرٌ, (K,) or عَسِيرٌ and ↓ عَسِيرَةٌ, (L,) A want difficult of attainment. (L, K.) b3: يَوْمٌ عَسِرٌ, (K,) and ↓ عَسِيرٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ أَعْسَرُ, (K,) A difficult day; a day of difficulty; (S;) a hard, distressful, or calamitous, day; or an unfortunate, or unlucky, day. (K.) b4: رَجُلٌ عَسِرٌ A man having little gentleness in [the execution of] affairs: (Msb:) or hard in disposition; or illnatured. (K.) [See 1.]

b5: ↓ نَاقَةٌ عَسِيرٌ, (S, A, O,) or ↓ عَسِيرَةٌ, (as in one copy of the S,) A she-camel not trained: (S, A, O:) or ↓ نَاقَةٌ عَسِيرٌ and ↓ عَوْسَرَانَةٌ and ↓ عَيْسَرَانَةٌ [and app. ↓ عَيْسَرَانِيَّةٌ] (K) or ↓ عَوْسَرَانِيَّةٌ (Lth, Az, S, O, L) and ↓ عَيْسَرَانِيَّةٌ (Lth, Az, TS, O, L) and ↓ عَيْسُرَانِيَّةٌ, (Lth, Az, TS, O,) but what Lth says is not agreeable with the usage of the Arabs, (Az, TS, O,) a she-camel that is ridden, (Lth, Az, S, O, TA,) or laden, (TA,) before she has been trained: (Lth, Az, S, O, TA:) or that has been taken in the first stage of her training, while yet difficult to manage, and had her nose-rein attached, and been ridden: (K:) and the epithet applied to a he-camel is ↓ عَسِيرٌ, (K, TA,) or عَسِرٌ, (CK,) and ↓ عَيْسَرَانٌ (Lth, Az, and so in some copies of the K,) and ↓ عَيْسُرَانٌ (Lth, Az, TA, and so, in the place of the form immediately preceding, in some copies of the K,) and ↓ عَيْسَرَانِىٌّ (TA) and ↓ عَيْسُرَانِىٌّ (K, TA) and ↓ عَوْسَرَانِىٌّ. (S, O.) b6: Also ↓ نَاقَةٌ عَسِيرٌ A she-camel that raises her tail in her running; as also ↓ عَاسِرٌ: (K:) or the latter, raising her tail after conception: (TA:) [see 1:] and [its pl.] ↓ عَوَاسِرُ, applied to wolves, that are agitated in their running, and shake the head, and contort (تَكْسِرُ) their tails, (S, TA,) by reason of briskness. (TA.) And ↓ نَاقَةٌ عَوْسَرَانِيَّةٌ A she-camel that is wont to raise her tail when she runs, (TS, O, K,) by reason of sprightliness. (O, TA.) In the L, instead of تَعْسِيرُ, preceding ذَنَبِهَا, we find تَكْسِيرُ. (TA.) b7: Also, ↓ نَاقَةٌ عَسِيرٌ, (Lth, O, K,) or ↓ عَسِيرَةٌ, (S,) accord. to Lth, (TA,) A she-camel not conceiving during her year [after having been covered]: (Lth, S, O, K:) but Az says that this explanation by Lth is not correct, and that ناقة عسير signifies, as expl. above, “a she-camel that is ridden before she has been trained; ” and so As explains it; and ISk says the same. (TA.) عُسُرٌ: see عُسْرٌ.

عُسْرَةٌ: see عُسْرٌ, in three places.

عَسَرَهٌ: see أَعْسَرُ, last sentence.

عُسْرَى: see عُسْرٌ, in three places: and see also أَعْسَرُ.

عَسِيرٌ and عَسِيرَةٌ: see عَسِرٌ, throughout.

عَاسِرٌ; and [its pl.] عَوَاسِرُ: see عَسِرٌ, latter half.

عَوْسَرَانَةٌ and عَوْسَرَانِيٌّ and عَوْسَرَانِيَّةٌ: see عَسِرٌ; the last in two places.

عَيْسَرَانٌ and عَيْسُرَانٌ and عَيْسَرَانَةٌ and عَيْسُرَانَةٌ and عَيْسَرَانِىٌّ and عَيْسُرَانِىٌّ and عَيْسَرَانِيَّةٌ and عَيْسُرَانِيَّةٌ: see عَسِرٌ.

أَعْسَرُ [More, and most, difficult, hard, strait, or intricate; contr. of أَيْسَرُ;] applied to a thing, or an affair, or a circumstance: fem. ↓ عُسْرَى. (TA.) b2: Applied to a day, i. q. عَسِرٌ, q. v.; (K;) unfortunate, or unlucky, (O.) A2: A left-handed man; one who works with his left hand; (S, O, Msb, K;) one whose strength is in his left hand or arm, and who does with that what others do with the right: (TA:) fem. عَسْرَآءُ: (K:) and pl. عُسْرَانٌ, (O, TA,) like as سُودَانٌ is a pl. of أَسْوَدُ, (TA,) and عُسْرٌ. (O.) None is stronger in casting or shooting than the أَعْسَر. (TA.) b2: أَعْسَرُ يَسَرٌ A man who uses both his hands [alike]; ambidextrous; an ambidexter: (S, O, K:) fem. عَسْرَآءُ يَسَرَةٌ: (TA:) you should not say [of a man that he is] أَعْسَرُ أَيْسَرُ; (S, TA;) nor of a woman that she is عَسْرَآءُ يَسْرَآءُ. (TA.) b3: العَسْرَآءُ, fem. of الأَعْسَرُ, The left hand or arm. (TA.) b4: حَمَامٌ

أَعْسَرُ A pigeon, or pigeons, having a whiteness in the left wing. (S, O.) And عُقَابٌ عَسْرَآءُ An eagle whose feathers on the left side are more numerous than those on the right: (S, O, K: *) and (S, O, K) some say (S, O) having, in its wing, white primary feathers. (O, K.) And عَسْرَآءُ A white primary feather; (O, K;) and so ↓ عَسَرَةٌ. (S, O, K; in one of my copies of the S written عِسْرَة.) مِعْسَرٌ A man who presses his debtor, and straitens him, or puts him in difficulty. (T, TS, O, K.) [See 1, latter half].

مَعْسَرَةٌ and مَعْسُرَةٌ: see عُسْرٌ; each in two places.

مَعْسُورٌ: see عُسْرٌ, in four places.

موت

1 مَاتَ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. مَوْتٌ; Msb,) and مَاتَ, (originally مَوِتَ, like خَافَ, originally خَوِفَ, MF) [sec. per. مِتَّ,] aor. ـَ (S, K,) which latter is of the dial. of Teiyi; (TA;) and مَاتَ, (in which the medial radical letter is originally ى, like بَاعَ, MF) aor. ـِ (K,) a form which some have disapproved; (MF;) and مَاتَ, (originally مَوِتَ, Kr,) sec. Pers\. مِتَّ, aor. ـُ like دَامَ, (originally دَوِمَ, Kr,) aor. ـُ (Kr, Msb, &c.,) and like the sound verbs نَعِمَ, aor. ـْ and فَضِلَ, aor. ـْ (TA,) of the class of words in which two dial. forms are intermixed; (Msb;) He died; contr. of حَيِى. (K,) b2: [مَاتَ عَنْ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ He died having passed away from, i. e. leaving behind him, sons and daughters. And مَاتَ عَنْ ثَمَانِينَ سَنًة He died having passed beyond eighty years; i. e. being eighty years old.] b3: اللَّبَنُ لَا يَمُوتُ [The milk will not die], in a saying of 'Omar, in a trad., means, that if a child sucks the milk of a dead woman, it becomes unlawful for him afterwards to marry any of her relations who would be unlawful to him if he sucked her milk while she was living: or it means, that, if milk taken from the breast of a woman is given to a child to drink, and he drinks it, the consequence is the same; that the effect of the milk in producing this consequence is not annulled by its separation from the breast; for whatever is separated from a living being is termed ميت, or dead, except the milk and hair and wool on account of the necessity of making use of these. (TA.) b4: مَاتَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. مَوَتَانٌ and مَوَاتٌ, (tropical:) The land became destitute of cultivation and of inhabitants. (Msb.) b5: مَاتَ (tropical:) It (soil) became deprived of vegetable life. Hence an expression in the Kur, xxx. 18. (Az, Er-Rághib.) b6: مَاتَ (tropical:) He became deprived of sensation; [dead as to the senses]. So in the Kur, xix. 23: [but this appears to me doubtful]. (Az, Er-Rághib.) b7: مَاتَ (tropical:) He became deprived of the intellectual faculty; [intellectually dead;] or ignorant. Hence an expression in the Kur, vi. 122; and another in the Kur, xxvii. 82; and xxx. 51. (Az, Er-Rághib.) b8: مَاتَ (tropical:) [He became as though dead with grief, or sorrow, and fear;] he experienced grief, or sorrow, and fear, that disturbed his life. Hence what is said in the Kur, xiv. 20. (Az, Er-Rághib.) b9: مَاتَ (tropical:) He or it, was or became, still, quiet, or motionless. (K.) b10: ماتَتِ الرِّيح (tropical:) The wind became still, or calm. (TA.) b11: مَاتَ (tropical:) He slept. (AA, K.) b12: مَاتَتِ النَّارُ, inf. n. مَوْتٌ, (tropical:) [The fire died away;] the ashes of the fire became cold, or cool, and none of its live coals remained. (TA.) b13: مَاتَ (tropical:) It (heat or cold) became assuaged. (TA.) b14: مَاتَ (tropical:) It (water) became dried up by the earth. (TA.) b15: مَاتَ (and ↓ استمات, TA.) (tropical:) It (a garment, TA,) wore out; became worn out. (A, K.) b16: مات (tropical:) It (a road) ceased to be passed along. (TA.) b17: بَلَدٌ تَمُوتُ فِيهِ الرِّيحُ [A town, or country, &c., in which the wind becomes broken, or loses its force]. (TA.) b18: مَاتَ فُوقُ الرَّجُلِ (tropical:) The man slept heavily; became heavy in his sleep. (TA.) b19: يَمُوتُ مِنَ الحَسَدِ (tropical:) [He dies, or will die, of envy]. (TA.) b20: مَاتَ (tropical:) He became poor; was reduced to poverty: he became a beggar. (TA.) b21: (tropical:) He became base, abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious. (TA.) b22: (tropical:) He became extremely aged, old and weak, or decrepit. (TA.) b23: (tropical:) He became disobedient, or rebellious. Iblees is said, in a trad., to be أَوَّلُ مَنْ مَاتَ because he was the first who became disobedient, or rebellious. (TA.) b24: مَاتَ (assumed tropical:) He (a man) became lowly, humble, or submissive, to the truth. (TA.) 2 مَوَّتَتِ الدَّوَابُّ The beasts of carriage died in great numbers; or deaths amongst them were frequent. (TA.) b2: See 4.3 مَاْوَتَ [ماوتهُ,] inf. n. مُمَاوَتَةٌ, He vied with him in patience, (K,) and in firmness, or steadiness, or the like. (TA.) [In the K, the inf. n. is expl. by مُصَابَرَة; and in the TA, by مُثَابَتَة also.]4 اماتهُ and ↓ موّتهُ (but the latter has an intensive signification, S,) He (God) caused him to die; put him to death; killed him. (S, K.) b2: امات (tropical:) He (a man) lost a son, or sons, by death. (ISk, S.) b3: امات فُلَانٌ بَنِينَ Such a man lost sons by death. (A.) b4: اماتت She (a woman, AO, S, K, and a camel, S, K.) lost her offspring by death. (S, K.) b5: اماتوا Death [or a mortal disease] happened among their camels. (K.) b6: مَا أَمْوَتَهُ signifies مَا أَمْوَتَ قَلْبَهُ [(tropical:) How dead is his heart !] for one does not wonder at any action that does not increase: (S, K:) therefore what is here meant is not literally death. (TA.) b7: اماتهُ (tropical:) He (God) rendered him poor; reduced him to poverty. (TA, from a trad.) b8: اماتهُ (tropical:) He [or it] caused him to sleep. Ex., in a prayer said on awaking, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الَّذِى أَحْيَانَا بَعْدَ مَا أَمَاتَنَا Praise be to God who hath awaked us after having caused us to sleep ! (L.) b9: يُمِيتُ اللَّيْلَ (assumed tropical:) He sleeps during the night. (W, p. 9.) b10: امات اللَّحْمَ, (and ↓ موّتهُ, TA,) He took extraordinary pains in thoroughly cooking, and in boiling, the meat. (K.) And in like manner, onions, and garlic, so as to deprive them of their strong taste and odour. (TA.) b11: أُمِيتَتِ الخَمْرُ The wine was cooked, and ceased to boil. (TA.) b12: [اماتهُ is also employed in various other senses, agreeably with the senses of the primitive verb.]6 ضَرَبْتُهُ فَتَمَاوَتَ (tropical:) I beat him and he feigned himself dead, being alive. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) He pretended to be weak and motionless by reason of acts of devotion and fasting: [see the act. part. n. below]. (TA.) 10 استمات [He sought death: &c.: see مُسْتَمِيتٌ]. b2: إِسْتَمِيتُوا صَيْدَكُمْ, and دَابَّتَكُمْ, Wait until ye ascertain that your game, and your beast of carriage, has died. (A.) b3: استمات [properly, He sought, or courted, death;] i. q. استقتل; (S, K; in art. قتل;) meaning he cared not for death, by reason of his courage. (JM, in art. قتل.) b4: استمات (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was pleased with death; content to die. (TA.) b5: استمات (assumed tropical:) He (a man, TA.) tried every way, or did his utmost, in seeking a thing. (IAar, K.) b6: استمات, inf. n. إِستِمَاتٌ, (occurring thus with the final ة elided, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, and a camel, IAar,) became fat after having been emaciated, (IAar, K.) b7: استمات (tropical:) It (a thing) became relaxed, loose, or flabby. (A.) b8: استمات لِينًا (assumed tropical:) It attained the utmost degree of softness: said of a fine skin, that is likened to the thin pellicle that adheres to the white of an egg: and of other things, as also استمات فِى اللِّينِ: and in like manner, فِى الصَّلَابَةِ, in hardness. (TA.) See مُسْتَمِيتٌ b9: And see 1.

مَوْتٌ (and ↓ مَوَتَانٌ, TA,) Death; lifelessness; contr. of حَيَاةٌ: (S, TA:) as also ↓ مُوَاتٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مَمَاتٌ. [Occurring in the Kur, vi. 163, xvii. 77, and xlv. 20,] (S, * TA, in art. حى, and Jel, in vi. 163.) [See also مُوتَانٌ, below: and see 1.] Or ↓ مَوَتَانٌ, signifies much death, like as حَيَوَانٌ signifies much life. (Msb, in art. حى.) b2: المَوْتُ الأَبْيَضُ, and الجَارِفُ, and اللَّافِتُ, and الفَاتِلُ, Sudden death. (IAar, in T and TA, art. فلت.) b3: المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ Death by slaughter with the sword. (IAar, in T, TA, art. فلت.) b4: المَوْتُ الأَسْوَدُ Death by drowning, and by suffocation. (IAar, in T and TA, art. فلت.) b5: بَنَاتُ المَوْتِ (assumed tropical:) [The daughters of death;] meaning deadly arrows. (A, TA, voce جَعْبَةٌ, q. v.) مَيْتٌ: see مَيِّتٌ. b2: أَرْضٌ مَيْتَةٌ: see مَوَاتٌ: Unfruitful land; like as ارض حَيَّةٌ means fruitful land, or land abounding with herbage. (TA, in art. حى.) b3: مَيْتَةٌ Carrion: whatsoever hath not been killed in the manner prescribed by the law. (K, Jel, ii. 168.) See مَيِّتٌ.

مُوتَةٌ (tropical:) A fainting, or swoon; (K;) and languor in the intellect: (TA:) or [an affection] like a fainting, or swoon: (Lh:) madness, or insanity, or diabolical possession; syn. جُنُونٌ; (AO, K;) because it occasions a stillness like death: (TA:) or a kind of madness or diabolical possession (جُنُونٌ), and epilepsy, that befalls a man; on the recovery from which, his perfect reason returns to him, as to one who has been sleeping, and to one who has been drunk. (S.) [See هُمْزٌ.]

مِيتَةٌ A kind, mode, or manner, of death: (S, K:) pl. مِيَتٌ. (TA.) b2: مَاتَ فُلَانٌ مِيتَةً

حَسَنَةً Such a one died a good kind of death. (S.) b3: مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً He died a pagan kind of death, in error and disunion. (TA, from a trad.) مَوْتَانُ الفُؤَادِ (tropical:) A man who is [dead, or] not lively, in heart: (A:) a man who is stupid, dull, unexcitable, or not to be rendered brisk, sprightly, or lively; (S,. K;) as though the heat of his intelligence had cooled and died: (TA:) fem. with ة. (S, K.) b2: See مُوتَانٌ and مَوَاتٌ.

مُوتَانٌ (Fr, S, K) and ↓ مَوْتَانٌ (K) and ↓ مُوَاتٌ (Fr) Death, [or a mortal disease, or a murrain,] that befalls camels or sheep or the like. (Fr, S, K.) The first is of the dial. of Temeem: the second, of the dial. of others. (Et-Tilimsánee.) b2: وَقَعَ فِى المَالِ مُوتَانٌ, and ↓ مُوَاتٌ, Death [or a mortal disease] happened among the camels &c. (Fr.) b3: Also, The like among men. Ex., from a trad., يَكُونُ فِى النَّاسِ مُوتَانٌ كَقُعَاصِ الغَنَمِ There will be, among men, a mortality, or much death, [or mortal disease], like the قُعَاص that befalls sheep or goats. (TA.) مَوَتَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Inanimate things, or goods; dead stock; such as lands and houses [&c.]; (S;) contr. of حَيَوَانٌ [q. v.] (S, K.) It is made of this measure to agree in measure with its contr.

حيوان: both these words deviate from the constant course of speech; being of a measure properly belonging to inf. ns. (TA.) [See also مَوَاتٌ.] b2: إِشْتَرِ المَوَتَانَ وَلا تَشْتَرِ الحَيَوَانَ Buy lands and houses [or the like], and buy not slaves and beasts of carriage [&c.]. (S.) b3: رَجُلٌ يَبِيعُ المَوَتَانَ A man who sells utensils or furniture or the like, and anything but what has life. (L.) b4: See also مَوْتٌ.

مَوَاتٌ That wherein is no spirit or life; an inanimate thing. (S, K.) [See also مَوَتَانٌ.]

b2: مَوَاتٌ (you say أَرْضٌ مَوَاتٌ, TA,) (tropical:) Land that has no owner (S, K) of mankind, and of which no use is made, or from which no advantage is derived, (S,) and in which is no water: such as is also called ↓ أَرْضٌ مَيْتَةٌ: (En-Nawawee:) land that has not been sown, nor cultivated, nor occupied by any man's camels

&c.: ↓ مَوَتَانٌ signifies the same as مُوَاتٌ (مَوَاتٌ?), namely, land that is no man's property; and is also written مَوْتَانٌ: (L:) or مَوَتَانٌ signifies land that has not yet been brought into a state of cultivation: (Fr, S, L, K:) in a trad. it is said, that such land is the property of God and his Apostle; and whosoever brings into a state of cultivation such land, to him it belongs. (S.) مُوَاتٌ: see مَوْتٌ and مُوتَانٌ.

مَيِّتٌ and ↓ مَيْتٌ signify the same, [Dead, or dying]: (Zj, S, K:) the former is originally مَيْوِتٌ, of the measure فَيْعِلٌ: (S:) the latter is contracted from the former; and is both masc. and fem.; (Zj, S;) as is also the former. (Zj.) 'Adee Ibn-Er-Raalà says, ↓ لَيْسَ مَنْ مَاتَ فَاسْتَرَاحَ بِمَيْتٍ

إِنَّمَا المَيْتُ مَيِّتُ الأَحْيَآءِ [He who has died and become at rest is not dead: the dead is only the dead of the living]. (S, TA.) Or ↓ مَيْتٌ signifies One who has died (actually, TA,); and مَيِّتٌ, as also ↓ مَائِتٌ, one who has not yet died, (K,) but who is near to dying: or, accord. to a verse cited by AA, to Kh, مَيْتٌ is applied to him who is borne to the grave; [i. e., who is dead, or lifeless]; and مَيِّتٌ, to him who [is dying, but] has life in him. (TA.) Fr says, you say of him who has not died, إِنَّهُ مَائِتٌ, عَنْ قَلِيلٍ ↓ and مَيِّتٌ; but you do not say of him who has died ↓ هذا مَائِتٌ: (S:) but some say, that this is an error, and that مَيِّتٌ is applicable to that which will soon die. Those who assert that ميّت is applicable only to the living adduce the following words of the Kur, [xxxix. 31,] إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ: (TA:) i. e. Verily thou wilt die, and verily they will die. (Msb.) MF observes, that مَيْتٌ is asserted to be contracted from مَيِّتٌ; and if so, that there can be no difference in their meanings: that the making a difference between them is contrary to analogy; agreeably with which, they should be like هَيْنٌ and هَيِّنٌ, and لَيْنٌ and لَيِّنٌ: and also contrary to what has been heard from the Arabs; for they made no difference in their use of these two words. (TA.) [See also what is said of مَيْتَةٌ, below.] The pls. are أَمْوَاتٌ and مَوْتَى and مَيِّتُونَ and مَيْتُونَ. (S, K.) The first of these is pl. of مَيِّتٌ, and consequently of مَيْتٌ, because this latter is contracted from the former: as مَيِّتٌ is of the measure فَيْعِلٌ, and this measure resembles فَاعِلٌ, it has received a form of pl. which is sometimes applicable to the measure فاعل: (Sb:) or اموات is [only] pl. of مَيْتٌ. (Msb.) [The second form (which is applied to rational beings, Msb,) is also pl. of ميّت and ميت.] The third and fourth are [only] applied to rational beings. (Msb.) The fem. epithet is مَيِّتَةٌ and مَيْتَةٌ and مَيِّتٌ (K, TA) and مَيْتٌ. (TA; and so in some copies of the K, in the place of مَيِّتٌ.) مَيِّتَةٌ is an epithet applied to a female rational being; [and its pl. is مَيِّتَاتٌ:] مَيْتَةٌ, to a female brute, for the sake of distinction; and its pl. is مَيْتَاتٌ: the latter is contracted because it is more in use than the former epithet applied to a female rational being: (Msb:) the pl. of ميّت and ميت as fem. epithets is as above [أَمْوَاتٌ and مَوْتَى]. (TA.) b2: ↓ مَيْتَةٌ signifies That which has not been slaughtered (AA, S, K) [in the manner prescribed by the law, i. e., carrion]: or that of which the life has departed without slaughter: so in the classical language and in the language of practical law: all such is unlawful to be eaten, except fish and locusts, which are lawful by universal consent of the Muslims: (En-Nawawee:) or, in the common acceptation of the language of law, what has died a natural death, or been killed in a state or manner different from that prescribed by the law, either the agent or the animal killed not being such as is so prescribed; as that which is sacrificed to an idol, or slaughtered [by a person] in the state of إِحْرَام, or not by having the throat cut, and that which it is unlawful to eat, such as a dog: (Msb:) [and any separated part of an animal of which the flesh is not lawful food: see عَاجٌ.] b3: بَلَدٌ مَيِّتٌ A tract of land without herbage, or pasture, (Msb, in art. بلد.) b4: مَيِّتٌ (assumed tropical:) An unbeliever; like as حَىٌّ means a Muslim. (TA, in art. حى.) مَيِّتٌ and مَيْتٌ are employed in various other senses, agreeably with the senses of the verb.]

مَائِتٌ: see مَيِّتٌ. b2: فُلَانٌ مَائِتٌ فى الغَمِّ (tropical:) [Such a one is dying, or absorbed, in grief]. (TA.) b3: مَوْتٌ مَائِتٌ A severe, painful, or violent, death: (TA:) like لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ: the latter word being added to corroborate the former. (S.) مَمَاتٌ: see مَوْتٌ.

مُمِيتٌ and مُمِيتَةٌ (tropical:) A woman, and a she-camel, that has lost her offspring by death: (S:) and a woman who has lost her husband by death: (TA:) pl. مَمَاوِيتُ. (S.) مُتَمَاوِتٌ (tropical:) [Feigning himself dead]. b2: (tropical:) An epithet applied to A hypocritical devotee, (S, K,) who pretends to be like one dead in his devotion, who lowers his voice, and moves little: as though he were one who put on the outward appearance of devotees, and constrained himself to characterize himself by the characteristics of the dead, that he might be imagined to be weak by reason of much devotion. (TA.) مُسْتَمِيتٌ A courageous man, who seeks, or courts death: (K:) a man who seeks to be slain; who cares not, in war, for death: (S:) abandon-ing, or devoting, himself to death, (مسْتَرْسِلٌ لِلْمَوْتِ,) as also مُسْتَقْتِلٌ. (A.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Abandoning, or devoting himself to a thing, or affair; syn. مُسْتَرْسِلٌ لِأَمْرٍ. (S, K.) b3: هَوَ مُسْتَمِيتٌ إِلَى كَذَا, as also مُسْتَهْلِكٌ, (tropical:) He [is devoted to such a thing, so that he] imagines that he shall die if he do not attain it. (A.) b4: Ru-beh says, وَزَبَدُ البَحْرِ لَهُ كَتِيتُ وَاللَّيْلُ فَوْقَ المَاءِ مُسْتَمِيتُ [And to the froth of the sea there was a sound like that of boiling, and night impended over the water]. (S.) [It is implied in the S that مستميت here signifies مُسْتَرْسِل.] b5: (assumed tropical:) One who feigns himself to be insane, or possessed by a devil; not being really so. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) One who feigns lowliness, or submissiveness, in voice, &c., to this man until he feeds him, and to this until he feeds him, and, when he is satiated, is ungrateful to his benefactors. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) One who makes a show of being good and quiet or tranquil, and is not so in reality. (Ibn-El-Mubárak.) A2: مُسْتَمِيتٌ The thin pellicle that adheres to the white of an egg. (K.) [See 10: and see also مُسْتَمِيثٌ, in art. ميث.]

رهب

1 رَهِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَهَبٌ (S, A, * Msb, K) and رُهْبٌ (S, K) and رُهُبٌ (Ksh and Bd in xxviii. 32) and رَهْبٌ (K) and رَهْبَةٌ, (S, A, * K,) or this is a simple subst, (Msb,) and رُهْبَانٌ and رَهَبَانٌ, (K,) He feared: (S, A, Msb, K:) or he feared with caution. (TA.) You say, فِى قَلْبِى مِنْهُ رَهْبَةٌ and رَهَبٌ [In my heart is fear, or cautious fear, of him, or it]. (A.) b2: And رَهِبَهُ, inf. n. رَهْبَةٌ (JK, Mgh) and رُهْبَةٌ and رُهْبٌ and رَهَبٌ; (JK;) [and app. رَهِبَ مِنْهُ, as seems to be indicated above;] He feared him, or it; (JK, Mgh;) [or feared him, or it, with caution;] namely, a thing. (JK.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.2 رَهَّبَ see 4. b2: [Hence, رهّبهُ عَنْ كَذَا, inf. n. تَرْهِيبٌ, He made him to have no desire for such a thing; to relinquish it, or abstain from it; contr. of رَغَّبَهُ فِيهِ: used in this sense by postclassical writers, and perhaps by classical authors also. b3: And رهّبهُ He made him a رَاهِبِ, or monk: in this sense likewise used by post-classical writers; and mentioned by Golius as so used in El-Mekeen's History.]

A2: رَهَّبَ, said of a man, He was, or became, fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK.) And رهب, [so in the TA, app. رَهَّبَ, but perhaps ↓ رَهَبَ, without teshdeed,] said of a camel, He rose, and then lay down upon his breast, by reason of weakness in his back-bone. (TA.) You say also, رَهَّبَتِ النَّاقَةُ فَقَعَدَ يُحَايِيهَا, (K, TA,) [or, accord. to some copies of the K, يُحَابِيهَا,] inf. n. تَرْهِيبٌ, (K,) but in some copies the verb is an unaugmented triliteral, [app. ↓ رَهَبَت,] (TA,) The she-camel was fatigued, or jaded, by travel, so he sat feeding her and treating her well until her spirit returned to her. (K, * TA.) A3: رُهِّبَ It (an iron head or blade of an arrow &c.) was rubbed [app. so as to be made thin: see رَهْبٌ]. (JK.) 4 ارهبهُ (JK, S, A, K) and ↓ استرهبهُ (S, A, K) He, or it, frightened him, or caused him to fear; (S, K;) as also ↓ رهّبهُ: (MA:) or disquieted him, or agitated him, by frightening. (A.) You say, يَقْشَعِرُّ الإِهَابُ إِذَا وَقَعَ مِنْهُ الإِرْهَابُ [The skin quivers when frightening befalls from him]. (A, TA.) And أَرْهَبَ النَّاسَ عَنْهُ بَأْسُهُ وَنَجْدَتُهُ (tropical:) [His valour and courage frightened men away from him]. (A.) And لَمْ أُرْهَبْ بِكَ [lit. I was not frightened by thee]; meaning (tropical:) I did not see in thee what induced in me doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion. (A, TA.) And ارهب الإِبِلَ, (JK, A,) inf. n. إِرْهَابٌ, (JK, K,) (tropical:) He drove away, (A,) or repelled, (JK,) or withheld, (K,) the camels, (JK, A, K,) عَنِ الحَوَضِ [from the watering-trough or tank]. (A, K.) A2: ارهب (said of a man, TA) also signifies He rode a camel such as is termed رَهْب. (K.) A3: Also He was, or became, long in the رَهَب, i. e. sleeve. (IAar, K. *) 5 ترهّب He (a man) became a رَاهِب [or monk], fearing God, or fearing God with reverence or awe: (TA:) or he devoted himself to religious services or exercises (JK, S, A, K) in his صَوْمَعَة [or cell]: (A:) or he (a monk) detached himself [from the world. or became a recluse,] for the purpose of devoting himself to religious services or exercises. (Msb.) A2: ترهّبهُ He threatened him. (K.) 10 استرهبهُ He called forth fear of him, so that men feared him. (TA.) وَاسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ, in the Kur [vii. 113], has been expl. as meaning and they called forth fear of them, [i. e. of themselves,] so that men feared them. (TA.) b2: See also 4.

رَهْبٌ An emaciated she-camel; (As, S, K;) or so [the fem.] رَهْبَةٌ: (JK:) or the former, a she-camel much emaciated; as also ↓ رَهْبَى; or, as some say, this last, occurring in a verse, is the name of a particular she-camel: and the first also signifies a she-camel lean, and lank in the belly: (TA:) or tall; applied to a he-camel; (K;) fem. with ة: (TA:) or one that has been used in journeying, and has become fatigued, or jaded; (JK, TA;) fem. with ة: and ↓ رَهْبَآءُ signifies a she-camel fatigued, or jaded: and the first, a he-camel large, wide in the belly-girth, broad in make between the shoulder-joints: (JK:) or wide in the bones, broad in make between the shoulder-joints. (TA.) b2: Also A slender arrow: or a great arrow: (TA:) and a thin iron head or blade (S, K, TA) of an arrow: (S, TA:) pl. رِهَابٌ. (S, K.) رُهْبٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

رَهَبٌ (Zj, K, TA) and ↓ رُهْبٌ (Zj, TA) A sleeve: (T, K:) accord. to Z, (TA,) of the dial. of Himyer; but one of the innovations of the expositions [of the Kur-án]: (Ksh in xxviii. 32, and TA: [not, as Golius says, referring to the Ksh as his authority, of the dial. of the Arabs of El-Heereh:]) said in the JM to be not of established authority: but signifying thus accord. to AA: and so accord. to Zj, (L, TA,) and Mukátil, (T, L, TA,) in the Kur xxviii. 32; [though generally held to be there, accord. to all the various readings, (which are الرَّهَب and الرُّهْب and الرُّهُب and الرَّهْب,) an inf. n. of رَهِبَ;] and Az says that this is a correct meaning in Arabic, and the most agreeable with the context. (L, TA.) One says, ↓ وَضَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ فِى رُهْبِى, meaning I put the thing in my sleeve [to carry it therein, as is often done] (TA.) رَهْبَةٌ: see what next follows: b2: and see also رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ.

رَهْبَى and ↓ رُهْبَى and ↓ رَهْبَآءُ and ↓ رُهْبَآءٌ [which last I write with tenween accord. to a general rule applying to words of the measure فُعْلَآء] and ↓ رَهَبُوتٌ and ↓ رَهَبُوتَى, each a simple subst., (K,) as also ↓ رَهْبَةٌ, (Msb, [but accord. to the S and K, this last is an inf. n. of رَهِبَ,]) signifying Fear: (Msb, K:) or fear with caution. (TA.) One says, رَهَبُوتٌ ↓ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمْوتٍ , (S, Meyd, K,) or, accord. to Mbr, رَهَبُوتى ↓ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتَى , (Meyd,) [Fear is better than pity, or compassion,] meaning thy being feared is better than thy being pitied, or compassionated: (S, Meyd, K:) a proverb. (Meyd. [See 1 in art. رغب.]) And ↓ رُهْبَاكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رُغْبَاكَ, a similar prov. [expl. voce رَغِبَ]. (Meyd.) And الرُّهْبَى مِنَ اللّٰهِ والرُّغْبَى إِلَيْهِ [also expl. voce رَغِبَ]. (Lth, TA.) A2: For the first word, see also رَهْبٌ.

رُهْبَى: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

رَهْبَآءُ: see رَهْبَى: A2: and see also رَهْبٌ.

رُهْبَآءٌ: see رَهْبَى.

رَهْبَانُ Excessively fearful. (Bd in lvii. 27.) رَهْبَنَةٌ: see رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ.

رَهَبُوتٌ: see رَهْبَى, in two places.

A2: Also Fearful; applied to a man. (S.) رَهَبُوتَى: see رَهْبَى, in two places.

رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) written in an exposition of the Makámát [of El-Hareeree] without teshdeed, (Mgh,) [Monkery; asceticism; the life, or state, of a monk or an ascetic;] the state of a رَاهِب, (A, Msb,) or Christian devotee; (Mgh;) the masdar of رَاهِبٌ, (JK, S, K,) as also ↓ رَهْبَةٌ: (S, K:) or it is originally from الرَّهْبَةُ; and by a secondary application is used as a noun signifying excess, or extravagance: (AAF, TA:) or it is from ↓ رَهْبَنَةٌ, [which has the same signification, of the measure فَعْلَنَةٌ from رَهْبَةٌ, or فَعْلَلَةٌ on the supposition that the ن is a radical letter: (IAth, TA:) or it signifies excess in religious services or exercises, and discipline, and the detaching oneself from mankind; and is from رَهْبَانُ, signifying “excessively fearful:” so in the Kur lvii. 27; where it is said, وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ابْتَدَعُوهَا, (Bd,) meaning وَابْتَدَعُوا رَهْبَانِيَّةً ابْتَدَعُوهَا [and they innovated excess &c.: they innovated it]: (AAF, Bd, TA:) and some read with damm, [رُهْبَانِيَّةً,] as though from رُهْبَانٌ, pl. of رَاهِبٌ. (Bd.) It is said in a trad., (TA,) لَا رَهْبَانِيَّةَ فِى

الإِسْلَامِ [There is no monkery in El-Islám]; i. e., no such thing as the making oneself a eunuch, and putting chains upon one's neck, and wearing garments of hair-cloth, and abstaining from flesh-meat, and the like. (K.) And in another trad., عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْجِهَادِ فَإِنَّهُ رُهْبَانِيَّةُ أُمَّتِى [Keep ye to the waging of war against the unbelievers, for it is the asceticism of my people]. (TA.) رَهَابٌ and رُهَابٌ: see what next follows.

رَهَابَةٌ (S, K) and رُهَابَةٌ and ↓ رَهَّابَةٌ and رُهَّابَةٌ accord. to El-Hirmázee, (K, TA,) [The ensiform cartilage, or lower extremity of the sternum;] a certain bone, (S, K,) or small bone, (TA,) in the breast, impending over the belly, (S, K, TA,) resembling the tongue, (S,) or like the extremity of the tongue of the dog: (TA:) or a certain cartilage, resembling the tongue, suspended in the lower part of the breast, impending over the belly: (TA:) the tongue of the sternum, at the lower part: (ISh, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, the extremity of the stomach: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ رَهَابٌ [and رُهَابٌ]. (K.) رَهَّابَةٌ and رُهَّابَةٌ: see what next precedes.

رَاهِبٌ Fearing; [or a fearer; or fearing with caution; or a cautious fearer;] as in the phrase هُوَ رَاهِبٌ مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He is one who fears God; or a fearer of God; &c.]: whence the signification next following. (Msb.) b2: A Christian [monk, ascetic, religious recluse, or] devotee; (Mgh, Msb;) one who devotes himself to religious services or exercises, in a صَوْمَعَة [or cell]; (TA;) one of the رُهْبَان of the Christians: (S, K:) [i. e.] the pl. is رُهْبَانٌ (A, Mgh, Msb) and رَهَبَةٌ; (A;) or, sometimes, رُهْبَانٌ is a sing.; (K;) as in the following ex., cited by IAar: لَوْ كَلَّمَتْ رُهْبَانَ دَيْرٍ فِى القُلَلْ لَانْحَدَرَ الرُّهْبَانُ يَسْعَى فَنَزَلْ [If she spoke to a Christian monk in a monastery among the summits of a mountain, the Christian monk would come down running, and so descend]: but he says that the approved way is to use it as a pl.: (TA:) and رَهَابِينُ is a pl. (A, Msb, K) of رُهْبَانٌ, (K,) and رَهَابِنَةٌ is another pl. (A, K) of the same, and so is رُهْبَانُونَ. (K.) A2: See also مَرْهُوبٌ.

رَاهِبَةٌ A state, or condition, that frightens. (TA.) أَرْهَابٌ Birds that are not rapacious; that do not prey. (K.) [App. so called because timid; as Golius supposes.]

مُرَهِّبٌ, applied to a she-camel, [though of a masc. form,] Fatigued in her back. (TA. [See its verb, 2.]) مَرْهُوبٌ Feared: (Mgh, Msb:) [or feared with caution:] applied to God. (Msb.) In the phrase لَبَّيْكَ مَرْهُوبٌ وَمَرْغُوبٌ إِلَيْكَ [At thy service time after time: Thou art feared, and petitioned, or supplicated with humility, &c.], it is in the nom. case as the enunciative of an inchoative [أَنْتَ] suppressed. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] المَرْهُوبُ, as also ↓ الرَّاهِبُ, [the latter in this case being like رَاضٍ in the sense of مَرْضِىٌّ,] The lion. (K.)

ربع

1 رَبَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) He took the fourth part of their property, or possessions. (Msb, K.) And (so in the K, but in the Msb “ or,”) رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb,) not, as is implied in the K, رَبِعَ only, (TA,) [or rather, not رَبَعَ only,] inf. n. as above, and رباعة [most probably رباعَةٌ] also, (L,) He took the fourth part of their spoil: (S, Sgh, Msb, K:) i. e., of the spoil of an army: this was done in the Time of Ignorance, but El-Islám reduced it to a fifth part; (K;) as is declared in the Kur viii.

42. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَلَمْ أَجْعَلْكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَدْسَعُ, (S, * TA,) mentioned [and explained] in art. دسع, q. v.: the meaning [intended] is, Did I not make thee an obeyed chief? (TA.) b2: and رَبَعَهُمْ, (S, Sgh, Msb,) or رَبَعَ الثَّلَاثَةَ, (K,) aor. ـَ (S, Sgh, Msb, K) and رَبُعَ and رَبِعَ, (Sgh, Msb, K,) [inf. n., app., رَبْعٌ,] He became the fourth of them; (S, Sgh, Msb;) or, the fourth of the three: (TA:) or he made the three to be four by [adding to them] himself. (K.) And رَبَعَهُمْ also signifies He made them, by adding himself to them, forty: or, four and forty. (K, * TA.) And He made them (namely thirteen) to be fourteen. (T in art. ثلث.) b3: رَبَعَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. رَبعٌ, (S,) He twisted it (namely a bow-string, S, TA, and a rope, or cord, K, TA) of four twists, or strands. (S, K.) A2: رَبَعَت الإِبِلُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) i. q. ↓ وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ; (S, K;) i. e., The camels, having been kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, came to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (K.) [See رِبْعٌ, below. Another meaning of this phrase will be found later in the present paragraph.] Hence, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ: see 4. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (Msb;) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَتْهُ, but not رَبَعَتْهُ; (IAar;) or the phrase used by the Arabs is عليه الحمّى ↓ أَرْبَعَتْ: (Az, TA:) The fever seized him on one day and left him two days and then came again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first], (S, Msb, K,) and so on. (Msb.) and رُبِعَ, and ↓ أْرْبِعَ, (S, K,) and ↓ أَرْبَعَ is said to be also used in the same sense, (TA,) He had, or was seized by, a quartan fever; a fever of the kind described above. (S, K, TA.) b3: رَبَعَ said of a horse, He came fourth in the race. (T, M, L, all in art. ثلث.) A3: رُبِعَ, said of a man, also signifies He was hit, or hurt, in the أَرْبَاع, meaning regions, of his head. (TA.) A4: رَبَعَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain watered the earth and made it to produce herbage: see رَبِيعٌ]. (TA.) And رُبِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S.) And رُبِعُوا They were rained upon by the rain of the season called رَبِيع; (K, * TA;) similar to قِيظُوا and صِيفُوا: (TA in art. قيظ:) and in like manner, رُبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were rained upon by that rain: and مَرْبَعٌ may be an inf. n. thereof. (Ham p. 425.) b2: Hence, i. e. from رَبَعَ المَطَرُالأَرْضَ, the phrase, رَبَعَ الفَرَسُ عَلَى قَوَائِمِهِ (assumed tropical:) The horse sweated in his legs. (TA.) b3: And [hence also,] رَبَعَهُ اللّٰهُ (tropical:) God restored him from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered him from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) A5: رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رُبُوعٌ, The [season called] ربيع commenced. (TA.) b2: رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) in its primary acceptation, signifies He remained, abode, or dwelt, in the place in the [season called]

رَبِيع; (TA;) as also بِهِ ↓ ارتبع. (S, K.) b3: and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He remained, abode, or dwell, in the place, (K, TA,) in any circumstances, and at any time; (TA;) he took it as his home. (K.) b4: Also He alighted and abode wherever he would, in the place, in abundance of herbage, and pasturage. (K, * TA.) b5: رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) The camels fed by themselves in the pasturage, and ate as they pleased, and drank. (K.) [Another meaning of this phrase has been mentioned before.] b6: رَبَعَ فِى المَآءَ He (a man, TA) acted according to his own opinion or judgment, or did what he judged fit, with respect to the water. (K.) b7: رَبَعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) said of a man, also signifies He had, or obtained, abundance of herbage (K, TA) [arising] from the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b8: Also, [app. from رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ in the second of the senses explained above, and if so, tropical, or doubly tropical,] aor. َ0, (assumed tropical:) He (a man, ISk, S) paused, (ISk, S, K,) and acted, or behaved, with deliberation or in a leisurely manner, (K,) and withheld himself. (ISk, S, K.) And [hence,] رَبَعَ عَلَيْهِ, (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was affectionate, or pitiful, or compassionate, towards him: (K:) or he acted gently towards him. (TA.) And رَبَعَ عَنْهُ (K,) inf. n. رَبْعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He restrained himself, refrained, abstained, or desisted, from it. (K.) The phrases اِرْبَعْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ and اربع على ظَلْعِكَ (S, K) and اربع عَلَيْكَ (K) are from رَبَعَ in the sense of “ he paused,” &c., (S, K,) as explained by ISk, (S,) [or in one of the senses following that,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Deal thou gently with thyself; moderate thyself; restrain thyself: (S, TA:) or behave thou with deliberation, or in a leisurely manner: or the second of these phrases may mean continue thou notwithstanding thy slight lameness: or it may be from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, [q. v. infrà,] meaning take thou it, or reach it, notwithstanding thy slight lameness. (TA.) The phrase اِرْبَعِى بِنَفْسِكِ, or عَلَى نَفْسِكِ, in the trad. of Subey'ah El-Aslameeyeh, accord. to two different relations, admits of two interpretations: one is, (assumed tropical:) Pause thou, and wait for the completion of the عِدَّة [q. v.] of decease; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who say that her عدّة is the more remote of the two periods, which is the persuasion of 'Alee and I'Ab: the second is, from رَبَعَ الرّجُلُ signifying “ the man had, or obtained, abundance of herbage,” and the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) relieve thou thyself, and release thyself from the straitness of the عدّة, and the evil of thy condition; and this is accord. to the persuasion of those who hold that her عدّة is the nearer of the two periods; and hence 'Omar said, “If she bring forth when her husband is on his bier, meaning, not buried, it is allowable for her to marry. ” (TA.) It is also said, in another trad., لَا يَرْبَعُ عَلَى ظَلْعِكَ مَنْ لَا يُحْزِنُهُ أَمْرُكَ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He will not restrain himself, and be patient with thee, whom thy case does not grieve. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., حَدِّثِ امْرَأَةً حَدِيثَيْنِ فَإِنْ أَبَتْ فَارْبَعْ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) Speak thou to a woman twice; and if she refuse, abstain thou: or, accord. to one relation, it is ↓ فَأَرْبِعْ: and accord. to another, فَارْبَعْهُ, i. e., then add; for she is very weak in understanding; if she understand not, then make thou the two speeches to be four: Aboo-Sa'eed says, فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْهَمْ بَعْدَ الأَرْبَعَةِ فَالْمِرْبَعَة, i. e., [and if she understand not after the four, then] the stick [is to be used; or, then use thou the stick]: the prov. applies to the hearing and answering in an evil manner. (TA.) You say also, رَبَعَتْ عَلَى عَقْلِ فُلَانٍ وَكَسَرَ فِيهَا رِبَاعَهُ, inf. n. رِبَاعَةٌ, (tropical:) [app. She behaved in a gentle and coaxing manner so as to get the better of the reason, or understanding, of such a one, and he sold his houses one after another to expend upon her;] i. e., he expended upon her all that he possessed, so that he sold his dwellings. (TA. [The و before كسر is not in the TA; but as it seems to have been dropped by inadvertence, I have supplied it.]) A6: رَبَعَ الفَصِيلُ The young camel widened his stepping, and ran; as also ↓ ارتبع. (TA.) A7: رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتبعهُ; (S;) He raised, or lifted, the stone, (S, K, TA,) with the hand; (K, TA;) or carried it; (TA;) for trial of strength. (K.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يَرْبَعُونَ حَجَرًا, [He passed by a company of men raising, &c., a stone]; and ↓ يَرْتَبِعُونَ [signifies the same]; (S;) and ↓ يَتَرَبَّعُونَ. (Z, TA.) b2: رَبَعَ الحِمْلَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَبْعٌ (TA,) He put the [staff, or small staff, called] مِرْبَعَة beneath the load, and took hold of one end of the former, while another took hold of the other end, and then raised it, (S, K,) with the help of his companion, (K,) upon the camel, (S,) or upon the beast. (K,) [See also 3.]

A8: رَبِعَ بِعَيْشِهِ He (a man) approved his life; was satisfied, or content, with it. (TA.) 2 ربّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْبِيعٌ, He made it four. (EshSheybánee, K voce وَحَّدَهُ.) b2: He made it (a thing) مُرَبَّع; (S, K;) i. e. he made it to have four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.]: or he made it of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) b3: فُلَانٌ يُثَلِّثُ وَلَا يُرَبَبّعُ Such a one counts three Khaleefehs, [namely, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar and 'Othmán,] and [does not count a fourth, i. e.,] rejects [' Alee,] the fourth. (TA in art. ثلث.) b4: رَبَّعَتْ She brought forth her fourth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b5: ربّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained four nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: تَرْبِيعٌ also signifies [The watering of seed-produce on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first;] the watering of seed-produce that is [next] after the تَثْلِيث. (TA.) [You say, ربّع الزَّرْعَ He watered the seed-produce on the fourth day, &c.]3 عَامَلَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, (Ks, S, K,) or اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُرَابَعَةً, and رِبَاعاً, (K,) [He bargained with him for work, or he hired him, or took him as a hireling, by, or for, the season called رِبَيع,] is from الرَّبِيع, (K,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (Ks, S, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (K,) and مُصَايَفَةً (Ks, S, TA) from الصَّيْفُ, &c. (TA.) A2: مُرَابَعَةٌ also signifies The taking hold of the hand of another person beneath a load, and so raising it upon the camel, without a [staff, or small staff, such as is called] مِرْبَعَة. (S, * K, * TA.) You say, رَابَعَهُ He took hold of his hand &c. (IAar.) [See also 1; last signification but one.]4 اربع القَوْمُ The party of men (three in number, Msb) became four: (S, Msb, K: [but in the last of these, mentioned after another signification with which it is connected by the conjunction أَوْ “ or ”]) or, became forty. (TA.) A2: أَرْبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, and أَرْبَعَتْهُ, and أُرْبِعَ, and أَرْبَعَ: see رَبَعَتْ عليه الحمّى, [which is from رَبَعَتِ الأِبِلُ,] in three places; and رُبِعَ, in two places. b2: أَغِبُّوا فِى عِيَادَةِ المَرِيضِ وَأَرْبِعُوا, occurring in a trad., [Come ye every third day, and every fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first, in visiting the sick; or, which is the same, leave ye him one day, and] leave ye him two days, and come to him on the third day, in visiting the sick; unless he be overcome [by his sickness]: (S, TA:) this is [in like manner] from the water-ing of camels termed رِبْعٌ. (TA.) You say also, أَرْبَعَ المَرِيضَ He omitted visiting the sick man two days, and came to him on the third; (O, K;) or, as in the L, and in [some of] the copies of the S, on the fourth [if counting the day of the next preceding visit as the first]. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] اربع عَلَيْهِ السَّائِلُ The asker, or beggar, asked, or begged, then went away, and then returned. (Ibn-' Abbád, Sgh, K. *) b4: And اربع بِالْمَرْأَةِ He returned to the مُجَامَعَة of the woman without langour: (L:) or اربع alone, said of a man, multum coïvit. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) b5: and اربع الوِرْدُ, (O, K,) i. e. أَرْبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالْوِرْدِ, (TA,) The camels quickly returned to watering, (O, * K, * TA,) so that they came to water without any appointed time: (TA:) mentioned by A 'Obeyd as written with the pointed غ, which is a mistranscription. (L, TA.) b6: And اربع said of the water of a well, It [returned quickly so that it] became abundant, or copious. (K.) b7: Said of a man, it also signifies ↓ وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْغًا; (S;) [meaning] He was, or became, one whose camels came in the state in which they are termed رَوَابِع [i. e. being watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ: whence, likewise, what next follows]. (TA.) b8: اربع الإِبِلَ He watered the camels in the manner termed رِبْعًا [i. e. on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]. (TA.) b9: This last phrase, also, (K,) or اربع الإِبِلَ عَلَى المَآءِ, (As,) signifies He sent and left the camels to go to the water whenever they pleased. (As, K. *) [Another signification of the verb thus applied will be found below.]

A3: اربع, (inf. n. إِرْبَاعٌ, S, Msb) He (a sheep or goat, a bull, a solid-hoofed beast, and a camel,) became what is termed رَبَاعٍ: i. e., he shed the tooth called رَبَاعِيَة: (S, Msb, K:) it is when they do this that the camel and the horse begin to be strong. (TA.) A4: اربع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, entered the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and ”] it has the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph. (K.) b2: And (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) The people, or company of men, remained in the place where they had alighted and taken up their abode in the [season called] رَبِيع, abstaining from seeking after herbage; (S, K, TA;) the rain having been general, they remained where they were, because of the general fertility, not needing to remove for seeking after herbage. (TA.) [See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ.] b3: And The people, or company of men, came to, or arrived at, land of seed-produce and fruitfulness, and water. (TA.) b4: اربع الغَيْثُ The rain caused the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or the rain confined the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance. (Msb.) b5: اربعت الأَرْضُ The earth, or land, produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) b6: اربع said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood: (S, TA:) this being likened to the [season called] رَبِيع (TA.) b7: اربع إِبِلَهُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا He pastured his camels in the [season called] رَبِيع in such a place. (S.) b8: اربعت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel's womb was, or became, closed, (اِسْتَغْلَقَتْ رَحِمُهَا,) so that it did not admit the seminal fluid; (Lth, K;) [perhaps because this commonly takes place in the season called رَبِيع, meaning either the spring or the season called رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ; the usual season of the coupling of camels being winter;] as also ↓ ارتبعت. (TA.) A5: اربع لَهَا بِا لكَلَامِ He made an abominable request to her; mentioned in the T in art. عذم; (TA;) meaning سَأَلَهَا الوَطْءَ فِى الدُّبُرِ. (TA in art. عذم.) A6: See also a prov. mentioned in the latter part of the first paragraph.5 تربّع فِى جُلُوسِهِ (S, K) [He crossed his legs in his sitting; i. e. he sat cross-legged; because a person who does so puts himself in such a posture as to occupy nearly a square space;] contr. of جَثَا and أَقْعَى. (K.) A2: تربّع said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a horse, (TA,) He ate the [herbage called] رَبِيع (S, K, TA,) and in consequence became brisk, lively, or sprightly, (TA,) and fat; (K, TA;) and ↓ ارتبع signifies the same: (S, K:) or تربّعوا and ↓ ارتبعوا signify they lighted on, or found, [herbage called] رَبِيع: or they lighted on it, or found it, and remained among it: and تربّعت الإِبِلُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا The camels remained, or abode, in such a place. (TA.) You say also, تَرَبَّعْنَا فِى الحَزْنِ وَالصَّمَّانِ We pastured upon the herbs, or leguminous plants, during the winter, upon the rugged ground and the hard and stony ground by the side of sand. (TA.) b2: تربّعت النَّخِيلُ The palm-trees had their fruit cut off; (TA, and in some copies of the K;) [because this is done in the autumn, which is called الرّبِيع.]

A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] تربّعت النَّاقَةُ سَنَامًا طَوِيلًا The she-camel carried a tall hump. (K.) 6 ترابعوا حَجَرًا [They vied, one with another, in lifting a stone, for trial of strength: see رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ]. (TA in art. جذو.) 8 ارتبع He (a. camel) beat [the ground] with all his legs, in going along; (S;) and went quickly. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

A2: He (a man) was of middling stature, neither tall nor short. (S.) A3: See also رَبَعَ بِالمَكَانِ: b2: and see 5, in two places: b3: and 4, near the end of the paragraph: A4: see also رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ, in two places, near the end of 1.

A5: ارتبع أَمْرَ القَوْمِ He looked for, expected, or awaited, his being made commander, or lord, over the people, or party of men. (TA.) 10 استربعهُ He had power, or ability, for it, to do it, or to bear or endure it: (IAar:) from رَبَعَ الحَجَرَ. (Az.) b2: [Hence also,] استربع said of a camel, He was, or became, strong, لِلسَّيْرِ for journeying. (ISk, K.) b3: It (sand) became heaped up. (Az, K.) b4: It (dust) rose; or rose high. (Az, K.) رَبْعٌ A place where people remain, abide, or dwell, in the [season called] رَبِيع; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and hence, (TA,) (tropical:) a place of alighting or abode, (Sh, S, Msb, K, TA,) of a people, or company of men; (Msb;) a settled place of abode; a place of constant residence; a dwelling; a home; whenever and wherever it be; as also ↓ مَرْبَعٌ, and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a house, wherever it be: (S, Mgh, K:) [in Egypt, a range of distinct lodgings over shops or magazines, separate from the shops or magazines, but generally having one common entrance and staircase:] pl. [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ and رُبُوعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ and أَرْبُعٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and the pl. of ↓ مَرْبَعٌ is مَرَابِعُ. (S.) You say, مَا أَوْسَعَ رَبْعَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) How ample, or spacious, is the place of alighting, or abode, of the sons of such a one! (S, TA.) b2: Hence, also, (tropical:) The people of a place of alighting or abode; (Sh, Msb, TA;) the people of a house or tent: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) a company of men or people: (K:) a large number: (IB:) pl. as above: (Msb:) رُبُوعٌ signifies the people of places of alighting or abode: (Sh:) and also tribes. (TA.) You say, أَكَثَرَ اللّٰهُ رَبْعَكَ (tropical:) May God multiply the people of thy house or tent. (TA.) And هُمُ اليَوْمَ رَبْعٌ (tropical:) They now, or to-day, [are a large number; or] have become many, and have increased. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] (assumed tropical:) A bier; or a bier with a corpse upon it; syn. نَعْشٌ. (K, TA: [in the CK نَفْس.]) So in the saying, حَمَلْتُ رَبْعَهُ (assumed tropical:) [I bore, or carried, his bier, or his bier with his corpse upon it]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The extremity of a mountain. (TA.) [App. because travellers often stop and rest there.]

A2: Also i. q. ↓ رَبْعَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) which signifies, (S, L, &c.,) as also ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, and ↓ مَرْبُوعٌ, (L, Msb, K,) or الخَلْقِ ↓ مَرْبُوعُ, (S, Mgh, L,) and ↓ مُرْتَبِعٌ, (S, L, K,) and ↓ مُرْتَبَعٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (K, but this last [says SM] I have not seen in the lexicons, except applied by the author of the “ Mo-heet ” as an epithet to a rope, TA,) applied to a man, (S, L, &c.,) Of middling stature; (Msb;) neither tall nor short; (S, L;) between tall and short: (K:) and so, applied to a woman, ↓ رَبْعَةٌ (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبَعَةٌ, (L, Msb,) though originally applied to a man, like خَمْسَةٌ &c.: (L:) the pl. of رَبْعٌ is رَبْعُونَ: (Fr:) and that of ↓ رَبْعَةٌ is رَبَعَاتٌ, applied to men and to women, (S, Mgh, L, K,) and رَبْعَاتٌ also; (IAar, Fr, L, K) the former of these two pls. being anomalous, because a word of the measure فَعْلَةٌ has not its medial radical movent when it is an epithet, but only when it is a subst. and has not و or ي for that radical; (S, O, K;) or the medial radical is movent in this instance because رَبْعَةٌ is originally a fem. subst. applied to a male and a female, and used as an epithet; (L;) or because it resembles a subst. in its being applied alike to a man and a woman. (Az.) رُبْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ رُبُعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Msb,) [which is the more chaste, but the former is the more common,] A fourth part; (S, Msb, K;) one of four parts; (Mgh;;) as also ↓ رَبِيعٌ, (Msb, K,) like عَشِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, like مِعْشَارٌ: (Ktr, and S:) or the last signifies, (Msb, K,) or signifies also, (S,) the fourth part of the spoil, which the chief used to take (S, Msb, K) in the Time of Ignorance: (K:) the pl. of رُبْعٌ and ↓ رُبُعٌ is أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (Msb, TA) and رُبُوعٌ [a pl. of mult]: (TA:) and that of ↓ رَبِيعٌ is رُبُعٌ (K.) b2: الرُّبْعُ الهَاشِمِىُّ The same as the صَاع; because the قَفِيز is twelve times what is termed مَنّ: but الرُّبْعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ is the same as the مُدّ, which is a quarter of what is termed الصَّاعُ الحَجَّاجِىُّ. (Mgh.) [In Egypt, the رُبْع is the fourth part of a وُيْبَة, q. v.] b3: أَرْبَاعُ الرَّأْسِ The [four] regions of the head. (TA.) رِبْعٌ The ظِمْء [or interval between two water-ings, or keeping from water during that interval,] which is meant in the phrase رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ [q. v.]; (S;) a certain ظِمْء of camels, respecting which authors differ: (TA:) it is when camels are kept from the water three days [counting two portions of days as one of those days], or four days [counting two portions of days as two days (for the difference is only verbal)], and three [whole] nights, and come to the water on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first]; (K;) or [in other words] their coming to the water one day, and leaving it two days, and then coming to it on the fourth day; or a period of three [whole] nights and four days [of which the first and last are incomplete]; as is indicated in the K: or, as some say, [but this at variance with common usage,] their being kept from the water four [nights (for the n. of number is here fem.)], and then coming to it on the fifth [day (for the n. of number is here masc.)]. (TA.) You say, وَرَدَتِ الإِبِلُ الرِّبْعَ: see رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ. (S, K.) And وَرَدَتْ إِبِلُهُ رِبْعًا: see 4. (S.) And أَوْرَدَ الإِبِلَ رِبْعًا i. q. أَرْبَعَ الإِبِلَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [Also, for سَيْرُ رِبْعٍ, A journey in which the camels are watered only on the first and fourth days.] b3: [In like manner,] with respect to fever, it signifies The seizing on one day and leaving two days and then coming again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first]. (S, K.) [The fever is termed] حُمَّى الرِّبْعِ [The quartan fever;] the fever that occurs on one day and intermits two days and then comes again on the fourth, and so on. (Msb.) And you say, جَآءَتْهُ الحُمَّى رِبْعًا, i. q. رَبَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى [q. v.]. (K.) b4: Also The fourth young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) رُبَعَ: see رُبَاعُ.

A2: رُبَعٌ A young camel brought forth in the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn], which is the beginning of the breedingtime: (S, Msb, K:) so called because he widens his stepping, and runs: [see 1, near the end of the paragraph:] (TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc.

رِبَاعٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَرْبَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc.]; (S, Msb, K;) both irreg.; for accord. to the rule given by Sb, the pl. should be رِبْعَانٌ [like صرْدَانٌ pl. of صَرَدٌ]: (TA:) pl. fem. رُبَعَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, رَبْعاتٌ]) and رِبَاعٌ. (K.) Hence the saying, مَا لَهُ هُبَعٌ وَلَا رُبَعٌ He has not a young camel brought forth in the end of the breeding-time nor one brought forth in the beginning thereof. (S, TA.) [See another ex. voce بُلَعٌ.] b2: [Hence, also,] الرُّبَعِ (assumed tropical:) A very small star in the midst of the عَوَائِذ, which are in the head of التِّنِّين [or Draco]. (Kzw.) رُبُعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

رَبْعَةٌ: see رَبْعٌ, last signification, in three places.

A2: [A small round basket, covered with leather, in which perfumes are kept by him who sells them;] the جُونَة of the عَطَّار; (S, Mgh, K;) which is a سُلَيْلَة covered with leather: (Mgh:) or a four-sided vessel, like the جُونَة: said by El-Isbahánee to be so called because originally having four طَاقَات [app. meaning compartments, one above another, for different kinds of perfume]; or because having four legs. (TA.) b2: Hence, app., A chest in which the volumes of a copy of the Kur-án are kept; (Sgh, K;) called رَبْعَةُ المُصْحَفِ: (Mgh:) but thus applied, it is post-classical, (Sgh, K,) belonging to the conventional language of the people of Baghdád. (Sgh.) b3: Its application to A household utensil proper for women requires consideration. (Mgh.) رِبعَةٌ The beasts' collecting of themselves together in the [season called] رَبِيع: [whence] a a country, or region, is said to be طَيِّبُ الرِّبْعَةِ [good for the beasts' collecting of themselves together &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَرَكْنَاهُمْ عَلَى رِبْعَتِهِمْ We left them in their former, or first, or original, and right, or good, state, or condition. (TA.) ↓ رَبَاعَةٌ, also, and ↓ رِبَاعَةٌ, signify An affair, a business, or a concern, in which one continues occupied; or a case, a state, or a condition, in which one abides, or continues; (K, TA;) meaning a former, or first, affair, &c.; (TA;) and only relating to a good state or condition: (Yaakoob, K:) or one's way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like: (K:) or one's right, or good, state, or condition, (K, TA,) in which he has been before: (TA:) or his [tribe such as is termed] قَبِيلَة: or [the portion thereof which is termed] his فَخِذَ: (K:) or ↓ هُمْ عَلَى رِبَاعَتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبَاعَتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَاعِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, and ↓ رِبَعَتِهِمْ, (K,) means They are in their right, or good, state, or condition: (K, TA:) or they are occupied in their affair, or business, or concern, in which they were occupied before; or they are in their case, or state, or condition, in which they were before: (S, K:) or ↓ على رَبَعَاتِهِمْ, (S, K,) and ↓ رَبِعَاتِهِمْ, (Fr, S, K,) signifies in their right, or good, state, or condition, and in their former, or first, case; or in their right, or good, state, or condition, and occupied in their former, or first, affair, or business, or concern: (S:) or it means in their places of abode. (Th, K.) Yousay also, غَيْرُ ↓ مَافِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مَنْ يَضْبِطُ رِبَاعَتَهُ فُلَانٍ i. e. [There is not among the sons of such a one he who manages thoroughly, or soundly,] his case, or affair, or business, or concern, in which he is occupied [except such a one]. (S.) And [hence,] قَوْمِهِ ↓ هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ and هُوَ ذُو رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ He is the chief of his people. (Ham p. 313.

[See also رِبَاعَةٌ below.]) رَبَعَةٌ A quick pace of a camel, in which he goes along beating the ground with his legs: (TA:) or the most vehement running: (K:) or the most vehement running of camels: (S and K:) or a kind of running of camels which is not vehement. (K.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ, last signification, in two places. b2: See also its pl., رَبَعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رَبِعَةٌ: see its pl., رَبِعَات, voce رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ.

رِبْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the رَبِيع; (S, Msb, K;) i. e., the season so called; [and the rain, and the herbage, so called;] a rel. n. irregularly formed. (Msb.) b2: Born in the [season called]

رَبِيع; applied to a young camel: born in the beginning of the breeding-time; [which means the same;] so applied. (TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) A son born in the prime [or spring-time] of his father's manhood; (S, * TA;) because the ربيع is the beginning, and the most approved part, of the breeding-time: (TA:) pl. رِبْعِيُّونَ. (S, TA.) Saad Ibn-Málik says, (TA,) إِنَّ بَنِىَّ صِبْيَةٌ صَيْفِيُّونْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ رِبْعِيُّونْ [Verily my sons are boys born in the summer of my age: happy is he who has sons born in the spring-time of his manhood.] (S, TA.) b4: A palm-tree (سِبْطٌ, i. e. نَخْلَةٌ,) of which the fruit ripens in the end of the summer, or hot season; AHn says, because then is the time of the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) b5: The Arabs say, صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّةْ [A hard kind of date that would ripen in the season called رَبِيع (meaning autumn) that is cut in the summer and eaten in the winter-season]. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ A she-camel that brings forth [in the season called رَبِيع,] before others. (TA.) b7: رِبْعِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] signifies The مِيرَة [or corn brought for provision, or the bringing thereof,] in the beginning of winter: (S, K:) or the مِيرَة of the [season called] رَبِيع; which is the first ميرة; next after. which is the صَيْفِيَّة; and next after this, the دَفَئِيَّة; and next after this, the رَمَضِيَّة. (TA.) [See art. مير.] b8: Also, the same, [used in like manner, for عِيرٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] Camels that bring provision of corn in the [season called] رَبِيع; or, which means the same, in the beginning of the year: pl. رَبَاعِىُّ. (TA.) b9: And [used in the same manner, for غَزْوَةٌ رِبْعِيَّةٌ,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the [season called] رَبِيع. (TA.) b10: رِبْعِىٌّ also signifies (tropical:) The first, or beginning, or former part, of anything; for instance, of youthfulness, or the prime of manhood; and of glory: and رِبْعِيَّةٌ likewise, the beginning of breeding, and of summer. (TA.) b11: رِبْعِىُّ الطِّعَانِ (assumed tropical:) The sharpest kind of thrusting, or piercing. (Th, TA.) رِبْعِيَّةٌ fem. of رِبْعِىٌّ: [and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see the latter word, in several places.]

رَبَاعٌ: see an ex. in the phrase هُمْ عَلَى رَبَاعِهِمْ, voce رِبْعَةٌ.

A2: رَبَاعٍ, (S, Msb, K,) like ثَمَانٍ (S, K) and يَمَانٍ [in the CK ثَمَانٌ and ثَمَانٍ] and شَنَاحٍ and [pls. like] جَوَارٍ, which are the only words of this form, (K,) and رَبَاعٌ, (Kr, K,) accus. of the former رَبَاعِيًا, (S, Msb, K,) and fem. رَبَاعِيَةٌ, (S, K,) Shedding its tooth called the رَبَاعِيَة, q. v.; applied to the sheep or goat in the fourth year, and to the bull and cow and the solid-hoofed animal in the fifth year, and to the camel in the seventh year: (S, Msb, K:) [see 4:] pl. [of pauc.] أَرْبَاعٌ (Az, K) and [of mult.] رُبُعٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and رُبْعٌ, (Th, Az, K,) but the former is the more common, (Az,) and رُبَعٌ (IAar, K) and رِبْعَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ and رَبَاعِيَاتٌ. (K.) You say, رَكِبْتُ بِرْذَوْنًا رَبَاعِيًا [I rode a hackney shedding his رَبَاعِيَة, or in his fifth year]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, حَرْبٌ رَبَاعِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Vehement and youthful war. (TA.) رُبَاعُ [Four and four: four and four together: or four at a time and four at a time:] is a deviation from the original form, (S, K,) or أَرْبَعَةٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ; for which reason, [and, accord. to general opinion, because it is at the same time an epithet, (see ثُلَاثُ,)] it is imperfectly decl.: (K:) but the dim. is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ, perfectly decl. (S voce ثُلَاثُ, q. v.) [See exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] In the Kur iv. 3, El-Aamash read ↓ وَرُبَعَ instead of وَرُبَاعَ. (IJ, K.) رَبُوعٌ A she-camel that yields four أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ] of milk. (IAar.) A2: See also الأَرْبِعَآءُ.

رَبِيعٌ: see رُبْعٌ, in two places.

A2: It has also a twofold application; to months and to seasons: and it has a twofold application to months; denoting Two months, (S, Msb, K,) [next] after صَفَرٌ; (S, K;) and they say, (Msb,) one should only say, in speaking of them, شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [but in the margin of the copy of the S which I have here followed, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author the former is شهر ربيعِ الاول (with a single kesreh, and with no syll. sign to الاول); and in another copy of the S I find شهرُ ربيع الاولِ and شَهرُ رَبيع الآخِر;] with the addition of شهر: but it is allowable to say also شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الأَوَّلِ and شَهْرُ رَبِيعِ الآخِرِ: the word شهر is necessarily added in order to discriminate between the months thus called and the season called ربيع: Az says, the Arabs mention all the months without the word شهر except the two months of ربيع and the month of رَمَضَان: and they say also شَهْرَا رَبِيعٍ and أَشْهُرُ رَبِيعٍ and شُهُورُ رَبِيعٍ: (Msb:) these months were thus called because, when they received this name, they occurred in the season when the earth produced herbage. (Msb in art. جمد.) It has a twofold application also to seasons; الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ being The season in which the truffles and the blossoms come, (S, Msb, K,) and this is [also called] رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ [the rabeea of the herbage, properly called the spring of Arabia]; (S;) and الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى The season in which fruits ripen; (S, Msb, K;) [also called رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ;] but some people call this الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; (S, TA;) and the season which follows the winter, and in which the truffles and the blossoms come, they call الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; but all of them agree that the خَرِيف [or autumn] is called الرَّبِيعُ: AHn says, the two divisions of the winter [by which he means the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox] are called رَبِيعَانِ; the former being رَبِيعُ المَآءِ وَالأَمْطَار ِ [the rabeea of the water and the rains, in which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, which is termed the first of the rains, commences]; and the second being رَبِيعُ النَّبَاتِ [or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ the rabeea of the herbage], because the herbage therein attains to its last stage: and he adds, that رَبِيعٌ is applied by the Arabs to the whole winter, [meaning, again, the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox,] because of the moisture, or rain: (TA:) or the year consists of six seasons; (so in the K; but in the S, “and I heard Abu-l-Ghowth say, the Arabs make the year to be six seasons; ”) two months thereof are called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and two months, صَيْفٌ; and two months, قَيْظٌ; (S, K;) and two months, ربيع الثانى, (so in a copy of the S,) or رَبِيعٌ الثّانى, (so in another copy of the S, [but in the margin of this latter, I find it stated that in the handwriting of the author it is ربيعُ الثانى, without tenween,]) or الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى; (K;) and two months, خَرِيفٌ; and two months, شِتَآءٌ. (S, K.) Az relates, with respect to the seasons and divisions of the year, on the authority of Aboo-Yahyà Ibn-Kibáseh, who possessed very great knowledge thereof, that the year consists of four seasons; namely, الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ, which the vulgar call الخَرِيفُ [The autumn]; then الشِّتَآءُ [the winter]; then الصَّيْفُ, which is الرَّبِيعُ الآخِرُ [or الثَّانِى, i. e. the spring]; then القَيْظُ [the summer, or hot season]: all this is what the Arabs in the desert say: the ربيع which is with the Persians the خريف, he says, commences on the third of أَيْلُول [September O. S.]; and the شِتَآء, on the third of كَانُون الأَوَّل [December O. S.]; and the صيف which is with the Persians the ربيع. on the fifth of آذَار [March O. S.]; and the قيظ which is with the Persians the صيف, on the fourth of حَزِيرَان [June O. S.]: and Aboo-Yahyà adds, the ربيع of the people of El-' Irák agrees with the ربيع of the Persians, which is after the شتاء [or winter], and which is the season of the flowers, or roses, and is the most temperate of the seasons: the people of El-' Irák, he says, have rain in all the winter, and have abundance of herbage in the خريف, which the Arabs call الربيع الاوّل: and Az says, the quarter of the خريف is called خريف because the fruits are gathered therein; and the Arabs call it ربيع because the first rain [which is called الوَسْمِىّ] falls therein. (TA.) The pl. of ربيع is أَرْبِعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَرْبِعَآءُ [a pl. of mult.] (S, Msb, K) and رِبَاعٌ; (AHn, K;) or the first of these is pl. of ربيع الكلأ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and of the ربيع of the months; (Fr, Msb;) but the second is pl. of ربيع in the sense of جَدْوَلٌ, to be explained below. (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K.) Hence the phrase in a supplication, mentioned in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلِ القُرْآنَ رَبِيعَ قَلْبِى [O God, make Thou the Kur-án to be the life, or ease, of my heart]; because the heart of man becomes lively, or at ease, in the season called رَبِيع. (TA.) Hence also, (TA,) أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ The هُدْهُد [or hoopoe]; (K;) because it appears with the [season called] ربيع. (TA.) [See also, respecting the seasons &c., the word زَمَنٌ.] b2: Also The rain in the [season called] رَبيع [as meaning the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox, (which includes what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,”) accord. to a statement of AHn cited above, and accord. to what is stated on the authority of Az voce نَوْءٌ]: (S, K:) or [only, accord. to some,] the rain which is after the وَسْمِىّ, and after which is [that called] the صَيْف, and then the حَمِيم: or, accord. to AHn, rain whenever it comes: Az says, I have heard the Arabs call thus the first rain falling upon the earth in the days of the خَرِيف [or autumn]: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَرْبِعَةٌ and [of mult.] رِبَاعٌ. (AHn, TA.) [See also, respecting the rains, the word زَمَنٌ.] b3: Also Herbage; green herbage which the beasts eat; (TA;) [properly] the herbage that is produced by the first rain in the quarter which is called the رَبِيع, and which is commonly called the خَرِيف [or autumn], (Msb in art. زمن,) [continuing its growth during the winter-quarter, which is also called the رَبِيع, and which includes, as stated above, what is really the spring of Arabia, called “ the rabeea of the herbage,” wherein, as AHn says, the herbage attains to its last stage: it seems generally to mean the spring-herbage, which is earlier or later in different latitudes:] pl. أَرِْبعَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] a poet says, يَدَاكَ يَدٌ رَبِيعُ النَّاسِ فِيهَا وَفِى الأُخْرَى الشُّهُورُ مِنَ الحَرَامِ meaning (assumed tropical:) [Thy two hands are such that] one hand has in it the means of the plentiful subsistence of mankind, [and in the other are the sacred months, i. e.] in the other is [that which causes] security, and safeguard, and the preservation of what is to be regarded as sacred and inviolable. (TA.) [Compare Proverbs iii. 16.] b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A rivulet, or streamlet; (Msb, K;) i. q. جَدْوَلٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or i. q. نَهْرٌ: (Mgh:) or نَهْرٌ صَغِيرٌ: (Har p. 402:) (tropical:) a rivulet, or streamlet, that runs to palmtrees: and رَبِيعُ السَّاقِى, a subst prefixed to its epithet, occurring in a trad., (assumed tropical:) the river [or rivulet] that waters seed-produce: (TA:) pl. أَرْبِعَآءُ (Fr, Yaakoob, S, Msb, K) and رِبْعَانٌ. (TA.) A poet says, describing one drinking much, فُوهُ رَبِيعٌ وَكَفُّهُ قَدَحٌ (assumed tropical:) His mouth is a river [and his hand is a bowl]. (TA.) b5: Also A share, or portion, of water for [irrigating] land, (IDrd, K, TA,) whatever it be: or, as some say, a share, or portion, thereof for the quarter of a day or night; but this is not of valid authority. (TA.) You say, لِفُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا المَآءِ رَبِيعٌ, (K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K, فِى, instead of مِنْ, i. e. To such a one belongs a share, or portion, of this water [for irrigating land]. (TA.) b6: The dim. of رَبِيعٌ is ↓ رُبَيِّعٌ. (Msb.) رُبَيِّعٌ: see رُبَاعٌ: A2: and see also رَبِيعٌ, last sentence.

رَبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in two places.

رِبَاعَةٌ: see رِبْعَةٌ, in four places. b2: It also signifies A kind of حَمَالَة [meaning obligation, or responsibility, that must be discharged, or performed, taken upon himself by a person for others; and here, particularly, such as is taken upon himself by the head, or chief, of a people]. (S, K.) You say, هُوَ عَلَى رِبَاعَةِ قَوْمِهِ, [properly He is over the affairs of his people, as indicated above, voce رِبْعَةٌ, last sentence,] meaning He is the head, or chief, of his people. (TA.) Abu-l- Kásim El-Isbahánee says, رِبَاعَةٌ is metaphorically used to signify (tropical:) The being a head, or chief; or the office of head, or chief; in consideration of the taking of the مِرْبَاع [or fourth part of the spoil, which was the share of the chief]: and hence one says, لَايُقِيمُ رِبَاعَةَ القَوْمِ غَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [None will act vigorously in the office of head, or chief, of the people, except such a one]. (TA.) رَبِيعَةٌ A stone that is raised, or lifted, (S, K, TA,) for trial of strength: (K, TA:) applied only to a stone. (Az, TA.) A2: A helmet of iron. (Lth, S, K.) A3: A meadow; or a garden; syn. رَوْضَةٌ. (IAar, K.) A4: A [leathern water-bag, such as is called] مَزَادَة. (K.) b2: A kind of receptacle for perfume and the like; syn. عَتِيدَةٌ, q. v. (K.) رُبَاعِىٌّ A boy four spans (أَشْبَار) in height. (S and Msb voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.) It is also applied to a camel, like سُبَاعِىٌّ; [app. meaning Four cubits in height:] fem. with ة. (TA in art. سبع.) b2: [Also A word composed of four letters, radical only, or radical and augmentative.]

رَبَاعِيَةٌ The tooth that is between the ثَنِيَّة [or central incisor] and the نَاب; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. each of the four teeth which are next to the ثَنَايَا, (Mgh, * TA,) pertaining to man and to others: (TA:) pl. رَبَاعِيَاتٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) a man has, above, [two teeth called] ثَنِيَّتَانِ, and [two called] رَبَاعِيَتَانِ, after them, and [two called]

نَابَانِ, and [two called] ضَاحِكَانِ, and six أَرْحَآء, on each side [three], and [two teeth called]

نَاجِذَانِ; and the like below: (As, TA:) and the solid-hoofed animal has, after the ثَنَايَا, four رَبَاعِيَات, and four قَوَارِح, and four أَنْيَاب, and eight أَضْرَاس. (Az, TA.) A2: Also fem. of رَبَاعٍ [q. v.]. (S, K.) رَبَّاعٌ One who often buys, or sells, رِبَاع, meaning houses, or places of abode. (IAar, K.) رَابِعٌ [act. part. n. of رَبَعَ]. b2: The chief who used to take the fourth part of the spoil, in the Time of Ignorance. (Ham p. 336.) b3: هُوَ رَابِعُ أَرْبَعَةٍ He is [the fourth of four, or] one of four. (TA.) b4: [رَابِعَ عَشَرَ and رَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Fourteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.] b5: إِبِلٌ رَوَابِعُ [Camels coming to water, or being watered, on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: pl. of رَابِعَةٌ]: from رَبَعَتِ الإِبِلُ, meaning وَرَدَتِ الرِّبْعَ. (S, K.) In like manner, also, رَوَابعُ is applied, metaphorically, to birds of the kind called قَطًا, as an epithet denoting their coming to water, by El-'Ajjáj. (TA.) A2: رَبِيعٌ رَابِعٌ A fruitful, or plentiful, ربيع [meaning the season so called]. (ISk, K.) b2: One does not say يَوْمٌ رَابِعٌ like as one says يَوْمٌ قَائِظٌ &c., because there is no corresponding verb, like قَاظَ, &c., for such a verb would have no meaning of heat nor of cold. (IB.) A3: هُوَ رَابِعٌ عَلَى حَالِهِ He is abiding, or continuing, in his state, or condition. (TA.) أَرْبَعٌ: see أَرْبَعَةٌ.

A2: هِىَ أَرْبَعُهُنَّ لَقَاحًا She is the quickest of them in conceiving, or becoming pregnant. (Th.) أَرْبَعَةٌ [Four;] a masc. n. of number; fem.

↓ أَرْبَعٌ. (S, K.) [Respecting a peculiar pronunciation of the people of El-Hijáz, and a case in which اربعة is imperfectly decl., see ثَلَاثَةٌ. See also سِتَّةٌ.] b2: ذَوَاتُ الأَرْبَعِ The quadrupeds. (The Lexicons passim.) b3: جَآءَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ (tropical:) His two eyes shed tears running from their four sides: or it means, accord. to Z, he came weeping most vehemently. (TA.) [See another ex. voce ثَمَانِيَةٌ.] b4: أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ [indecl. in every case, meaning Fourteen,] is pronounced by some of the Arabs أَرْبَعَةَ عْشَرَ: and [the fem.] أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced أَرْبَعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) الأَرْبِعَآءُ, [also written without tenween when not rendered determinate by the article or otherwise accord. to most authorities, who make it fem., but with tenween when indeterminate accord. to those who make it masc.,] and الأَرْبَعَآءُ, (As, S, Msb, K,) the latter on the authority of some of the BenooAsad, (S, Msb,) and الأَرْبُعَآءُ, (As, Msb, K,) which is a form of the word seldom used, (Msb,) and الإِرْبِعَآءُ, and الإِرْبَعَآءُ, the last two mentioned by IHsh, the first of all the most chaste, (MF,) but it is the only sing. word of its measure, (El-Kutabee, Msb,) except أَرْمِدَآءُ, (Az, O,) the name of A certain day; (S, Msb, K;) [namely Wednesday;] the fourth day of the week; (L;) as also ↓ الرَّبُوعُ; but this is post-classical: (TA:) the dual of أَرْبِعَآء is أَرْبِعَاوَانِ; (L;) and the pl. is أَرْبِعَاوَاتٌ, (S, L,) [accord. to those who make the sing. fem.;] or the dual is أَرْبِعَآءَانِ, and the pl. is أَرْبِعَآءَاتٌ; (K;) thus says Aboo-Jukhádib, regarding the noun as masc.: (Fr:) Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِ [Wednesday passed with what (occurred) in it], making it sing. and masc. [because he meant thereby يَوْمُ الأَرْبِعَآءُ]; but Abu-l-Jarráh used to say, مَضَتِ الأَرْبِعَآءُ بِمَا فِيهِنَّ, making it fem. and pl., and employing it like a n. of number: (Lh:) Th is related to have mentioned أَرَابِيعُ as a pl. of الأَرْبِعَآءُ; but ISd says, I am not sure of this. (TA.) The word has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) أَرْبَعُونَ [Forty;] a certain number, (TA,) after ثَلَاثُونَ. (S, K.) b2: [Also Fortieth.]

أَرْبِعَاوِىٌّ One who fasts alone on the أَرْبِعَآء [or Wednesday]. (IAar.) مَرْبَعٌ; see رَبْعٌ in three places.

مُرْبَعٌ, applied to a camel, [That is watered on the fourth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first: (see 4:) and] that is brought to the water at any time. (TA.) b2: See also مَرْبُوعٌ.

مُرْبِعٌ: b2: see مَرْبُوعٌ.

A2: Applied to rain, (S, Msb, TA,) That comes in the [season called]

رَبِيع: [in the Ham p. 425, written مَرْبَع:] or that induces the people to remain in their abodes and not to seek after herbage: (TA:) or that confines the people in their رِبَاع [or dwellings] by reason of its abundance: (Msb:) or that causes the [herbage called] رَبِيع to grow: (TA:) or that causes the growth of that in which the camels may pasture at pleasure. (S.) b2: With ة, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Abounding with [the herbage called]

رَبِيع; as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ. (TA.) b3: Without ة, applied to a she-camel, (As, S, K,) That brings forth in the [season called] رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that has her young one with her; (As, S, K;) the young one being called رُبَعٌ: (As, S:) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ: (As, TA:) or the latter signifies one that usually brings forth in the [season called]

رَبِيع: (S, K:) or that brings forth in the beginning of the breeding-time: (As, S, K:) or that is early, or before others, in becoming pregnant: (TA:) and the former, so applied, signifies also one whose womb is, or becomes, closed, [app. in the season called رَبِيع, (see 4,)] so that it does not admit the seminal fluid. (TA.) b4: Applied to a man, (tropical:) Having offspring born to him in the prime of his manhood. (TA.) [See 4]

A3: Also The sail of a full ship: (AA, K:) that of an empty ship is called رُومِىٌّ. (AA, TA.) مِرْبَعٌ: see مِرْبَعَةٌ.

مُرَبَّعٌ (S, K,) Having four portions [or sides or faces or angles &c.; generally meaning either square or quadrilateral]: or of the form of a thing having four legs; or of the form of a quadruped. (TA.) [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.] b2: مُرَبَّعُ الحَاجِبَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man whose eyebrows have much hair; as though he had four eyebrows. (TA.) b3: مُرَبَّعٌ الجَبْهَةِ [Having a square forehead; meaning] (tropical:) a slave. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ A land containing, or having, يَرَابِيع [or jerboas]; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَرْضٌ مُرْتَبِعٌ. (TA.) مِرْبَعَةٌ A staff, (K,) or small staff, (S,) of which two men take hold of the two ends in order to raise a load (S, K) and put it upon the back of the camel, (S,) or upon the beast; (K;) as also ↓ مِرْبَعٌ: (K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying a piece of wood with which a thing is taken. (TA.) [See 1, last signification but one.]

مِرْبَاعٌ: see رُبْعٌ: A2: and مَرْبُوعٌ: A3: and رَبْعٌ.

A4: Rain that comes in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع: [an epithet used in this sense as a subst.:] pl. مَرَابِيعُ. (S, * K, * TA, * [in which only the pl. is mentioned,] and EM p. 140.) Hence, مَرَابِيعُ النُّجُومِ, as used in a verse of Lebeed cited in the first paragraph of art. رزق; by the نُجُوم being meant the أَنْوَآء; (S;) i. e. the Mansions of the Moon [which by their rising or setting at dawn were supposed to bring rain or wind or heat or cold]. (EM ubi suprà.) b2: Applied to a place, That produces herbage in the beginning of the [season called] رَبِيع. (K, TA.) b3: Applied to land (أَرْضٌ): see مُرْبِعٌ. b4: Applied to a she-camel: see مُرْبِعٌ.

مَرْبُوعٌ Twisted of four twists, or strands; (S, TA;) applied to a rope, (TA,) as also ↓ مِرْبَاعٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, TA,) and to a bow-string, and a bridle. (S, TA.) b2: Applied to a spear, Four cubits in length: (TA:) or neither long nor short; (S, TA;) and in like manner applied to a man: see رَبْعٌ, in two places: (S, Mgh, L, &c.:) and [hence its pl.] مَرَابِيعُ, applied to horses, compact in make. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to a man, Having a fever which seizes him on one day and leaves him two days and then comes again on the fourth day [counting the day of the next preceding fit as the first; i. e. having, or seized by, a quartan fever]; as also ↓ مُرْبَعٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ مُرْبِعٌ is said to be used in the same sense; but the Arabs say مُرْبَعٌ. (Az, TA.) A3: أَرْضٌ مَرْبُوعَةً, and شَجَرٌ مَرْبُوعٌ, Land, and trees, watered by the rain in the season called رَبِيع. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَرْبُوعٌ, applied to a man, also signifies (tropical:) Restored from a state of poverty to wealth or competence or sufficiency; recovered from his embarassment or difficulty, or from a state of perdition or destruction. (TA.) مَرَابِيعُ, pl. of مَرْبُوعٌ [q. v.]: A2: and pl. of مِرْبَاعٌ [q. v.].

مُرْتَبَعٌ: see رَبْعٌ, in three places.

مُرْتَبِعٌ, applied to a beast, That has pastured upon the [herbage called] رَبِيع, and become fat, and brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA.) A2: See also رَبْعٌ: A3: and see أَرْضٌ مَرْبَعَةٌ.

جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا He sat cross-legged; i. q. تَرَبَّعَ فِى

جُلُوسِهِ. (TA.) مُسْتَرْبِعٌ شَيْئًا Having power, or ability, for, or to do, a thing; as, for instance, war, or battle; (IAar;) or to bear, or endure, a thing; (IAar, Sgh;) as when relating to an envier, meaning his envy. (Sgh.) You say also رَجُلٌ مُسْتَرْبِعٌ بِعَمَلِهِ A man who is able by himself to execute his work, having power, or strength, to do it, and very patient. (K.) يَرْبُوعٌ, in which the ى is augmentative, (Kr, S, Msb,) because there is not in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, (Kr, S,) except what is extr., such as صَعْفُوقٌ, (K,) which is a foreign word [introduced into their language], (S in art. صعفق,) [The jerboa;] a certain wellknown beast; (K;) a small beast like the فَأْرَة [or rat], but longer in the tail and ears, and of which the hind legs are longer than the fore-legs, the reverse of what is the case in the زَرَافَة [or giraffe]; called by the vulgar جَرْبُوع; (Msb;) a rat (فَأْرَة) of which the burrow has four entrances; Az says, it is a small beast larger than the جُرَذ, [q. v.; but in the L, in art. جرذ, the reverse of this is said;] and the name is applied alike to the male and the female: (TA:) [Forskål (“ Descr. Animalium,”

p. iv.,) terms it mus jaculus: see the questions appended to Niebuhr's “ Descr. de l' Arabie,” p.

177:] pl. يَرَابِيعُ. (S, Msb.) [See ذُو الرُّمَيْحِ, voce رُمْحٌ.] b2: Hence, (TA,) اليَرْبُوعُ also signifies لَحْمَةُ المَتْنِ (tropical:) [The portion of flesh and sinew next the back-bone, on either side]; (S * K;) as being likened to the فأَرة [thus called]: (TA:) or this is with damm [اليُرْبُوعُ]: (K:) or the يَرَابِيعُ of the مَتْن are its portions of flesh; (T, S, K;) and the word has no sing.: (K:) Az says, I have not heard any sing. thereof. (TA.) الجَارُ اليَرْبُوعِىُّ The neighbour that is variable in his actions [like the jerboa, which is noted for having recourse to various expedients, in the formation of its burrow, &c., to avoid capture]; like الجَارُ البَرَاقِشِىُّ. (IAar, TA in art. جور.)

رجع

1 رَجَعَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رُجُوعٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and رَجْعٌ, (M, Msb,) but the former is that which commonly obtains and is agreeable with analogy as inf. n. of the intrans. v., and the latter as inf. n. of the trans. v., (MF, TA,) and مَرْجَعٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) which is anomalous, because inf. ns. [of this kind] of verbs of the measure فَعَلَ having the aor. of the measure يَفْعِلُ are [by rule] only with fet-h [to the medial radical], (S, K,) and مَرْجِعَةٌ, which is in like manner anomalous, (K,) and رُجْعَى, (S, Msb, K,) [not رُجْعًى as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,] and رُجْعَانٌ, (K,) He returned; he went, or came, back [to the same place, or person, or (assumed tropical:) state, or (assumed tropical:) occupation, or (assumed tropical:) action, or (assumed tropical:) saying, &c.]; he reverted; contr. of ذَهَبَ; (ISk, Msb;) i. q. انْصَرَفَ: (K:) رُجُوعٌ signifies the returning to a former place, or (assumed tropical:) quality, or (assumed tropical:) state; (Kull p. 196;) the returning to that from which was the commencement, or from which the commencement is supposed to have been, whether it be a place, or (assumed tropical:) an action, or (assumed tropical:) a saying, and whether the returning be by the [whole] person or thing, or by a part thereof, or by an action thereof. (Er-Rághib.) Hence the saying in the Kur [lxiii. 8], لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى المَدِينَةِ [Verily if we return to the city]. (Er-Rághib.) And [in the same, xii. 63,] فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ [And when they returned to their father]. (Idem.) And in the same, [vi. 164, and xxxix.

9,] ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ مَرْجِعُكُمْ [Then unto your Lord shall be your return]: (S:) the like of which occurs in the same, vi. 60: but it may be either from [the intrans. inf. n.] رُجُوعٌ or from [the trans.] رَجْعٌ: (Er-Rághib:) it cannot be a n. of place, because it is made trans. by means of إِلَى, and also because it occurs in the Kur [v. 53, &c.], followed by جَمِيعًا, as a denotative of state: (L:) in like manner الرُّجْعَى also occurs in the Kur xcvi. 8. (TA.) You say also, رَجَعَتِ المَرْأَةُ إِلَى

أَهْلِهَا The woman returned to her family by reason of the death of her husband or by reason of divorcement. (Msb.) b2: رَجَعَ إِلَى الصِّحَّةِ (assumed tropical:) [He returned to soundness, or health], or المَرَضِ [disease, or sickness]; and إِلَى حَالَةِ الفَقْرِ (assumed tropical:) [to the state of poverty], or الغِنَى (assumed tropical:) [wealth, or competence, or sufficiency]. (Kull p. 196.) b3: رَجَعَ عَوْدَهُ عَلَى بَدْئِهِ He returned in the way by which he had come. (Kull ibid.) b4: رَجَعَ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ He returned from his journey. (Msb.) b5: رَجَعَ عَنِ الأِمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He returned [or reverted] from the affair. (Msb.) b6: رَجَعَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He left, or relinquished, the thing. (Kull p. 197.) b7: رَجَعَ عَنِ الذَّنْبِ (assumed tropical:) [He relinquished sin; i. e.] he repented; and so رَجَعَ alone, agreeably with the usage in the Kur iii. 65, &c. (Er-Rághib.) b8: [Several other phrases, in which this verb occurs, will be found in other arts.: as رَجَعَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ in art. ظهر: رَجَعْتُ القَهْقَرَى in art. قهقر: رَجَعَ دَرَجَهُ, and variations thereof, in art. درج: &c.] b9: رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ [sometimes signifies the same as رَجَعَ عَلَيْهِ] He returned against him; he returned to attack him. (TA.) b10: صَرَمّنِى ثُمَّ رَجَعَ يَكَلِّمُنِى (tropical:) [He cut me, or ceased to speak to me; then he returned to speaking to me]. (TA.) b11: خَالَفَنِى ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى

قَوْلِى (tropical:) [He opposed me, or disagreed with me; then he returned, or had regard, to my saying]. (TA.) b12: مَا رُجِعَ إِلَيْهِ فِى خَطْبٍ إِلَّا كَفَى (tropical:) [Re course was not had to him in an affair, or an affliction, but he sufficed.] (TA.) [رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ often means He had recourse, or he recurred, to him, or it.] b13: رَجَعَ بِهِ عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ (assumed tropical:) He made a claim for restitution of it upon his co-partner. (IAth, TA in art. خلط.) And [in like manner you say,] عَلَى الغَرِيمِ ↓ اِرْتَجَعَ, and المُتَّهَمِ, (assumed tropical:) He sued, prosecuted, or made a demand upon, the debtor, and the suspected, for his right, or due. (TA: [in which it is said, immediately before this, that ارتجع is like رَجَعَ.]) b14: رَجَعَ الكَلْبُ فِى قَيْئِهِ The dog returned to his vomit, (Msb, TA,) and ate it. (Msb.) b15: Hence, رَجَعَ فِى هِبَتِهِ (tropical:) He took back his gift; repossessed himself of it; restored it to his possession; (Msb;) as also ↓ ارتجعها, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and ↓ استرجعها. (Msb, TA.) and مِنْهُ الشَّىْء ↓ استرجع (assumed tropical:) He took back from him the thing which he had given to him. (S, K.) b16: [Hence also, رَجَعَ فِى قَوْلِهِ, and فِى حُكْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He retracted, or revoked, his saying, and his judgment, or sentence.] b17: هُوَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى مَنْصِبِ صِدْقٍ (assumed tropical:) He traces back his lineage to an excellent origin. (TA in art. نصب.) b18: [يَرْجِعُ إِلَى مَعْنَى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) It (a word used in a certain sense) is referrible, or reducible, to such a meaning. And يُرْجِعُ إِلَى كَذَا, said of a word, also means (assumed tropical:) It relates to such a thing; i. e., to such another word, in grammatical construction.] b19: رَجَعَ إِلَى قَدْرِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) It (wine when cooked) became reduced to such a quantity; syn. آلَ. (S in art. اول.) b20: رَجَعَ الحَوْضُ إِلَى إِزَائِهِ The water of the trough, or tank, became much in quantity [so that it returned to the height of the place whence it poured in]. (TA.) b21: ↓ رِجَاعٌ, also, is an inf. n. of this verb, (L,) and is used as signifying The returning of birds after their migrating to a hot country. (S, L, K.) You say, رَجَعَتِ الطَّيْرُ القَوَاطِعُ, inf. n. رِجَاعٌ and رَجْعٌ, The migratory birds returned. (L.) b22: Also inf. n. of رَجَعَتْ said of a-she camel, and of a she-ass, signifying (assumed tropical:) She raised her tail, and compressed her two sides (قُطْرَيْهَا), and cast forth her urine in repeated discharges, so that she was imagined to be pregnant, (S, K,) and then failed of fulfilling her [apparent] promise: (S: [in some copies of which, as is said in the TA, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is written رُجُوع:]) or she conceived, and then failed of fulfilling her promise; because she who does so goes back from what is hoped of her: (TA:) or, said of a she-camel, she cast forth her fœtus in an imperfect state: (Az, TA,) or, as some say, her embryo in a fluid state: (TA:) or in an unformed state; inf. n. رِجَاعٌ. (Msb in art. خدج.) [See also رَاجِعٌ, below.]

A2: , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Mgh,) inf. n. رَجْعٌ and مَرْجَعٌ and مَرْجِعٌ, (K,) He made, or caused, him, or it, to return, go back, come back, or revert; sent back, turned back, or returned, him, or it; syn. رَدَّهُ; (Mgh, Msb, K;) and صَرَفَهُ; (K;) عَنِ الشَّىْءِ from the thing; and إِلَيْهِ to it; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ ارجعهُ; (S, Msb, K;) but the former is the more chaste word, and is that which is used in the Kur-án, in ix. 84 [and other places]: (Msb:) the latter is of the dial. of Hudheyl; (S, Msb;) and is said by MF to be of weak authority, and bad; but [SM says,] I do not find this asserted by any of the leading authorities: (TA:) ↓ ارتجعهُ, also, signifies [the same, i. e.] the same as رَدَّهُ in like manner followed by إِلَى. (TA.) Thus in the Kur ix. 84, referred to above, فَإِنْ رَجَعَكَ اللّٰهُ [And if God make thee to return, or restore thee]. (Msb.) b2: رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ عَلِى أَنْفِ بَعِيِرهِ Such a one put back, or restored, the nose-rein [الخِطَامَ being understood] upon the nose of his camel; it having become displaced. (TA.) b3: رَجَعَ إِلَىَّ الجَوَابَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَجْعٌ and رُجْعَانٌ, He returned to me the answer. (S, TA: [in the latter of which, this is said to be tropical; but when a written answer is meant, it is evidently not so.]) b4: رَجَعْتُ الكَلَامَ (assumed tropical:) I returned the speech; or I repeated it; or I rebutted, or rejected, or repudiated, it, in reply, or replication; syn. رَدَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) [In like manner,] يَرْجِعُ بَعْضُهُمْ

إِلَى بَعْضٍ القَوْلَ, in the Kur [xxxiv. 30], means (assumed tropical:) Holding a colloquy, or a disputation, or debate, one with another: (Bd:) [or it means (assumed tropical:) rebutting one another's sayings:] or (assumed tropical:) blaming one another. (S.) b5: الرَّجْعُ, (K,) or رَجْعُ الدَّابَّةِ يَدَيْهَا فِى السَّيْرِ, (S,) (tropical:) The stepping of the beast, (S, K,) or her returning her fore legs, [drawing the fore feet backwards towards the body, by lifting them high,] in going; (K;) and ↓ التَّرْجِيعُ, (K,) or تَرْجِيعُ الدَّابّةِ يَدَيْهَا فِى السَّيْرِ, (S,) signifies the same: (S, K:) or رَجْعٌ signifies a beast's elevating, or lifting high, the fore foot and hind foot, in going. (KL.) You say, الدَّابَّةُ يَدَيْهَا فِى ↓ رَجَّعَتِ السَّيْرِ (tropical:) [The beast stepped, &c.; like as you say, رَجَعَت]. (TA.) b6: رَجْعُ الوَاشمَةِ, and ↓ تَرْجَيعُهَا, (assumed tropical:) The female tattooer's making marks or lines [upon the skin]: (S, K: *) [or rather, as the former phrase is explained in the EM p. 143, “ her retracing ” those marks or lines, and renewing their blackness; for] you say also, النَقْشَ ↓ رَجَّعَ, and الوَشْمَ, [and رَجَعَهُ,] (assumed tropical:) He retraced the marks, or lines, of the variegated work, and of the tattooing, and renewed their blackness, one time after another. (TA.) And الكِتَابَةَ ↓ رَجَّعَ, [and رَجَعَهَا,] (assumed tropical:) He retraced, or renewed, the writing. (TA.) b7: رَجَعَ نَاقَةً, and ↓ ارتجعها, and ↓ ترجّعها, He purchased a she-camel with the price of another that he sold: (S, TA:) or he purchased a she-camel with the price of a he-camel that he sold; and ↓ رِجَعٌ, which is app. an inf. n., signifies the selling males and purchasing females: (TA:) or مَالًا ↓ ارتجع signifies he sold the aged and the younglings of his came's, and purchased such as were in a state of youthful vigour: or, as some say, he sold the males, and purchased females: (Lh:) or ↓ اِرْتِجَاعٌ signifies the selling a thing, and purchasing in its place what one imagines to be more youthful, and better: (Lh in another place:) regard is bad, therein, to the meaning of a return, virtual, or understood, though not real: (Er-Rághib:) also إِبِلًا ↓ ارجع he sold old and weak camels, and purchased such as were in a state of youthful vigour: or he sold male camels, and purchased females: (TA:) and إِبِلًا ↓ ارتجع بِإِبِلِهِ he took camels in exchange for his camels: or, as some say, ↓ اِرْتِجَاعٌ signifies the taking one in the place, and with the price, of two. (Mgh.) b8: رَجَعَ العَلَفُ فِى الدَّابَّةِ (tropical:) The fodder, or food, produced an effect, or showed its effect, upon the beast. (K, * TA.) And رَجَعَ كَلَامِى فِيهِ (tropical:) My speech produced a beneficial effect upon him. (K, * TA.) 2 رجّعهُ, inf. n. تَرْجِيعٌ, He, or it, made, or caused, him, or it, to return, go back, come back, or revert, again and again, or time after time; sent back, turned back, or returned, him, or it, again and again, or time after time; made, or caused, him, or it, to go, or move, repeatedly to and fro; so to go and come; to reciprocate: he repeated it; iterated it; or rather reiterated it: he reproduced it: he renewed it: syn. رَدَّدَهُ. (Mgh.) [All these significations are well known, as pertaining to the two verbs here mentioned, and of frequent occurrence in classical and postclassical writings: and hence several phrases here following.] b2: See 1, last quarter of the paragraph, in five places. b3: Hence, (Mgh,) التَّرْجِيعُ فِى الأَذَانِ, (S, Mgh, K,) because the two professions of the faith [for which see the word أَذَانٌ] are uttered in the اذان [or call to prayer] in a low voice [and then repeated in a high voice]; (Mgh;) [for] this phrase means (tropical:) The repeating the two professions of the faith in a raised, or loud, voice, after uttering them in a low, or faint, voice; (Sgh, K, TA;) or the lowering of the voice in the اذان in uttering the two professions of the faith, and then raising it in uttering them: (KT:) or رجّع فِى أَذَانِهِ signifies he uttered the two professions of the faith in his اذان once to repeat them. (Msb: [but this is a strange explanation; and probably corrupted by a copyist: it seems that, instead of “ to repeat them,” we should read “ and repeated them. ”]) b4: [Hence also,] التَّرْجِيعُ, (K, TA,) or تَرْجِيعُ الصَّوْتِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) [The act of quavering, or trilling; rapidly repeating many times one very short note, or each note of a piece; a general characteristic of Arabian chanting and singing and piping, and often continued throughout the whole performance;] the reiterating (تَرْدِيد) of the voice in the throat, or fauces, (S, K, TA,) like [as is done in] chanting, (S,) or which is practised in reading or reciting, or singing, or piping, or other performances, of such as are accompanied with quavering, or trilling: (TA:) or, as some say, the mutual approximation of the various kinds of movements in the voice: 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Mughaffal, in his ترجيع, by the prolonging of the voice, in reading, or reciting, imitated the like of آا آا آا. (TA.) You say also, رجّع الحَمَامُ فِى

غِنَائِهِ (assumed tropical:) [The pigeons quavered in their singing, or cooing]; as also ↓ استرجع. (TA.) And رجّع البَعِيرُ فِى شِقْشِقَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) The camel brayed, or reiterated his voice, in his شقشقة [or bursa faucium]. (TA.) And رجّعت النَّاقَةُ فِى حَنِينِهَا (assumed tropical:) The she-camel interrupted her yearning cry to, or for, her young one [and then, app., quickly repeated it, and did so again and again]. (TA.) and رجّعت القَوْسُ (assumed tropical:) The bow made a sound [by the vibration of its string; because the sound so made is a repeated sound]. (AHn.) b5: See also 4. b6: And see 10.3 راجع He (a man) returned to good or to evil. (TA.) [See also 6.] b2: راجعت النَّاقَةُ, (K,) inf. n. رِجَاعٌ, (TA,) The she-camel returned, or reverted, from one kind of pace, which she had been going, to another pace. (K, * TA.) b3: راجعهُ (assumed tropical:) It returned to him: said of pain [&c.]. (TA in art. عد.) b4: راجع امْرَأَتَهُ (tropical:) [He returned to his wife, or restored her to himself, or took her back by marriage or to the marriage-state, after having divorced her; (see also 6;)]; (S;) and ↓ ارتجعها signifies the same. (TA.) b5: [See also a verse cited voce رَدَادٌ; whence it seems that راجع also signifies He restored, or brought back, anything.] b6: راجعهُ signifies also He endeavoured to turn him [from, or to, a thing]; syn. رَاوَدَهُ, and رَادَّهُ. (L in art. رود.) b7: راجعهُ الكَلَامَ, (S and K in this art., and A and Mgh and Msb in art. حور,) and فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in xviii. 32,) and simply رَاجعهُ, (Msb in this art., and Jel. in lviii. l,) inf. n. مُرَاجَعَةٌ (S, TA) and رِجَاعٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, or colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, with him; bandied words with him; syn. حَاوَرَهُ, (A and Mgh and Msb in art. حور, and Bd in xviii. 32,) [i. e.] حَاوَرَهُ الكَلَامَ; (TA;) or عَاوَدَهُ; (S and Msb and K in this art.;) or جَادَلَهُ. (Jel in lviii. 1.) And راجعهُ, or راجعهُ القَوْلَ, (assumed tropical:) He disputed with him, rebutting, or rejecting, or repudiating, in reply to him, what he said; he bandied words with him; syn. رَادَّهُ القَوْلَ. (A in art. رد.) Yousay, راجعهُ فِى مُهِمَّاتِهِ He held a colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, with him respecting his affairs of difficulty; syn. حَاوَرَهُ. (TA.) [And راجعهُ فِى كَذَا He addressed him repeatedly, or time after time, respecting such a thing.] And رَاجَعُوا عُقُولَهُمْ [They consulted their understandings, or minds; as though they held a colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, therewith]. (Bd in xxi. 65.) [راجع often signifies He consulted, or referred to, a person, a book, a passage in a book, &c.]4 ارجعت النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The she-camel returned to her former condition, either of leanness or fatness:] (assumed tropical:) the she-camel became lean [after having been fat]: and (assumed tropical:) became in good condition after leanness: (Ks, T, TA:) or ارجعت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) the camels became lean and then became fat; (S, O, K;) so says Ks. (S.) You say also, الشَّيْخُ يَمْرَضُ يُوْمَيْنِ فَلَا يُرْجِعُ شَهْرًا (assumed tropical:) i. e. [The old man is sick two days, and] does not return to a healthy state of body, and to strength, in a month. (K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, فلا يُرْجَعُ.]) And [in like manner] اِنْتَقَصَ الفَرَسُ ثُمَّ

↓ تَرَاجَعَ (assumed tropical:) [The horse wasted, and then gradually returned to his former condition]. (TA.) A2: ارجعهُ: see رَجَعَهُ, first signification. b2: ارجعهُ نَاقَتَهُ He gave him [back] his she-camel in order that he might return upon her, he [the latter] having sold her to him. (Lh.) b3: ارجع إِبِلًا: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. b4: ارجع اللّٰهُ بَيْعَتَهُ (tropical:) God made his sale to be productive of gain, or profit. (S, K.) b5: ارجع اللّٰهُ هَمَّهُ سُرُورًا (assumed tropical:) God converted his grief, or disquietude of mind, into happiness or joy; and Sb mentions ↓ رَجَّعَهُ [in this sense]. (TA.) b6: ارجع also signifies He extended, or stretched out, his arm, or hand, backwards, to reach, or take hold of, a thing. (S, K.) [In this case, يَدَهُ seems to be understood: for] you say [also], ارجع الرَّجُلُ يَدَيْهِ The man put his arms, or hands, backwards in order to reach, or take hold of, a thing. (Lh.) And ارجع يَدَهُ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ لِيَسْتَلَّهُ He extended, or stretched out, his arm, or hand, to his sword, to draw it: or إِلَى كِنَانَتِهِ لِيَأْخُذَ سَهْمًا to his quiver, to take an arrow. (TA.) b7: Also (tropical:) He ejected excrement, or ordure; said of a man. (S, K.) [See رَجِيعٌ.]

A3: See also 10.5 ترجّع فِى صَدْرِى كَذَا (tropical:) Such a thing became agitated to and fro in my mind, or bosom; syn. تَرَدَّدَ. (TA.) A2: ترجّع نَاقَةً: see 1; in the last quarter of the paragraph.6 تَرَاجَعَا (tropical:) They two (a man and his divorced wife) returned to each other by marriage; (Bd in ii. 230;) or returned together to the marriagestate. (Jel ibid.) b2: تراجع الشَّىْءُ إِلَى خَلْفٍ [The thing went backward or back, receded, retrograded, retired, retreated, or reverted, by degrees, gradually, by little and little, or part after part: and تراجع alone, He, or it, returned by degrees: the form of the verb denoting a gradual continuation, as in تَسَاقَطَ, and تَزَايَدَ, and تَنَاقَصَ, &c.]. (S.) تراجع and تَرَادَّ and تَرَدَّدَ are syn. (M and L in art. رد.) You say, تراجعوا فِى مَسِيرٍ They returned, retired, or retreated, by degrees, or by little and little, in a journey, or march; syn. تَرَادُّوا. (TA in art. ثبجر.) And تَفَرَّقُوا فِى أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ ثُمَّ تَرَاجَعُوا مَعَ اللَّيْلِ i. e. [They separated, or dispersed themselves, in the first part of day; then] they returned, [one after an every one to his place of abode. (TA.) b3: تَرَاجَعَتْ أَحْوَالُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The circumstances of such a one gradually reverted to their former condition; meaning either a better condition, agreeably with an ex. mentioned above, see 4; or, as is most commonly the case, a worse condition; i. e. retrograded; or gradually went back to a worse state; contr. of advanced, or improved]: (TA:) [whence the saying,] زَالَتْ دَوْلَتُهُمْ وَأَخَذَ

أَمْرُهُمْ يَتَرَاجَعُ (assumed tropical:) [Their good fortune ceased, and their affairs began to retrograde, or gradually go back to a worse state]. (A in art. ركد.) and تَرَاجَعَ الجُرْحُ إِلّى البُرْءِ (assumed tropical:) [The wound gradually recovered]. (Msb in art. دمل.) A2: تَرَاجَعَا بَيْنَهُمَا They two (copartners) made claims for restitution, each upon the other. (IAth, TA in art. خلط.) [See this more fully explained, and illustrated, voce خَلِيطٌ.] b2: تراجعوا الكَلَامَ, (Msb and K in art. حور,) and فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in lviii. 1,) and simply تراجعوا, (Jel in lviii. 1,) (assumed tropical:) They returned one another answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, or colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, one with another; bandied words, one with another; syn. تَحَاوَرُوا. (Bd, Jel, Msb, K, in the places mentioned above.) 8 ارتجع عَلَى الغَرِيمِ, and المُتَّهَمِ: see رَجَعَ, with which it is syn. (TA.) A2: ارتجعهُ i. q. رَدَّهُ, like رَجَعَهُ, q. v. (TA.) So in the phrase, ارتجعت المَرْأَةُ جِلْبَابَهَا The woman put back her جلباب [q. v.] upon her face, and covered herself with it. (TA.) b2: ارتجع الهِبَةَ: see رَجَعَ فِى هِبَتِهِ. b3: ارتجع امْرَأَتَهُ: see 3. b4: ↓ بَاغَ إِبِلَهُ فَارْتَجَعَ مِنْهَا رِجْعَةً

صَالِحَةً He sold his camels, and obtained by the expenditure of their price a good return, or profit. (S, K.) b5: ارتجع نَاقَةً, and the like: see 1, near the end of the paragraph, in five places. b6: ارتجع إِبِلًا also signifies He (and Arab of the desert) purchased camels [app. in exchange for others] not of his own people's breeding nor bearing their marks. (TA.) 10 استرجع الهِبَةَ, and استرجع مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ: see رَجَعَ فِى هِبَتِهِ, and the sentence next following it. b2: طَعَامٌ يُسْتَرْجَعُ عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) Food, both of beasts and of men, from which profit, or advantage, [or a good return (رِجْعَة),] is obtained; which is found to be wholesome, or approved in its result; and from eating which one becomes fat. (TA.) A2: استرجع الحَمَامُ: see 2, near the end of the paragraph. b2: استرجع also signifies (tropical:) He said, on the occasion of an affliction, or a misfortune, [using the words of the Kur ii. 151,] إِنَّا لِلّٰهِ وَإِنَّا

إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ, (S, K,) meaning Verily to God we belong as his property and his servants, so that He may do with us what He pleaseth, and verily unto Him we return in the ultimate state of existence, and He will recompense us; (Jel;) as also ↓ رجّع, (S, * K,) inf. n. تَرْجِيعٌ; (S; [accord. to the TA, only the former verb is mentioned in this sense by J; but I find the latter also in two copies of the S;]) and ↓ ارجع. (K.) رَجْعٌ; originally an inf. n.: [see رَجَعَ and رَجَعَهُ:] b2: and see رَجْعَةٌ, in two places. b3: (tropical:) Rain: so in the Kur [lxxxvi. 11], وَالسَّمَآءِ ذَاتِ الرَّجْعِ [by the heaven that hath rain]: (S, Bd:) because God returns it time after time: or because the clouds raise the water from the seas and then return it to the earth; and if so, by اسماء may be meant the clouds: (Bd:) or rain after rain; (K;) because it returns time after time; or because it is repeated, and returns, every year: (TA:) or the said words of the Kur mean by the heaven that returns in every revolution to the place whence it moved. (Bd.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Hail; because it gives back the water that it takes. (TA.) b5: Accord. to El-Asadee, as recorded by AHeyth, (assumed tropical:) Thunder. (Az.) b6: Accord. to some, in the passage of the Kur cited above, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Profit, benefit, advantage, or good return. (S, K, TA.) You say, لَيْسَ لِى مِنْ فُلَانٍ رَجْعٌ (assumed tropical:) There is no profit to me from such a one. (TA.) and مَا هُوَ إِلَّا سَجْعٌ لَيْسَ تَحْتَهُ رَجْعٌ (assumed tropical:) [It is nothing but rhyming prose, beneath which is to be found no profit]. (TA.) [See also رِجْعَةٌ.] b7: Accord. to Ks, in the ex. cited above from the Kur, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The place that retains water: (K, TA:) pl. رُجْعَانٌ. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) A pool of water left by a torrent; (S, K;) because of the rain that is in it; or because of its fluctuating to and fro in its place; (Er-Rághib;) as also ↓ رَجِيعٌ, and ↓ رَاجِعَةٌ: (K:) pl. as above: (S:) or (assumed tropical:) a place in which the torrent has extended itself, (اِمْتَدَّ, accord. to Lth and the O and K,) or in which it has returned, or reverted, (اِرْتَدَّ, accord. to AHn,) and then passed through: (Lth, AHn, O, K:) pl. رُجْعَانٌ and رِجْعَانٌ and رِجَاعٌ; (K;) or this last, accord. to some, is a sing., having the signification next preceding the last here mentioned, and is found prefixed to its syn., namely غَدِير, to show that it is used in this sense, and is qualified by a sing. epithet, namely رَائِع; but some say that it is thus qualified becanse it has a form which is that of a sing. noun: (TA:) or رَجْعٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) water, (AO, K,) in general; (K;) and a sword is likened to it, to denote its whiteness: (AO, S: [but accord. to the latter, in this case it signifies “ a pool of water left by a torrent ”:]) and also (assumed tropical:) a tract of ground, or land, in which the torrent has extended itself: (K:) but this, it should be observed, is a repetition of the saying of Lth mentioned above: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) the part that is above a تَلْعَة [q. v.]; (K, TA;) the upper, or highest, part thereof, before its water collects together: (TA:) pl. رُجْعَانٌ. (K.) b9: (assumed tropical:) The herbage of the [season, or rain, called] رَبِيع; (K;) [because it returns year after year;] as also ↓ رَجِيعٌ. (TA.) b10: (assumed tropical:) The [membrane called] غِرةس which is in the belly of the woman, and which comes forth upon, or over, the head of the child. (TA.) b11: See also رَجِيعٌ, in three places, in the latter part of the paragraph. b12: سَيْفٌ نَجِيحُ الرَّجْعِ, and ↓ الرَّجِيعِ, A sword which penetrates into the thing that is struck with it [so that it is quickly drawn back]. (TA.) b13: رَجْعُ الكَتِفِ: see مَرْجِعٌ.

رِجْعُ سَفَرٍ: see رَجِيعُ سَفَرٍ.

رُجَعٌ: see رِجْعَةٌ.

رِجَعٌ: see رَجَعَ نَاقَةً: and see رِجْعَةٌ.

رَجْعَةٌ inf. n. of un. of 1; A return; a single act of returning, of going back, coming back, or reverting: (TA:) [and] i. q. رُجُوعٌ, i. e. the act of returning, &c. (Msb.) b2: The returning to the present state of existence (S, Msb, K) after death. (S, K.) So in the phrase, فُلَانٌ يُؤْمِنُ بِالرَّجْعَةِ [Such a one believes in the returning to the present state of existence after death]. (S, Msb, K. *) This was a tenet of some of the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance, and of a sect of Muslim innovators, and of a sect of the رَافِضَة, who say that 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib is concealing himself in the clouds, to come forth when he shall be summoned to do so. (L.) b3: The returning, or homeward course, of a military expedition; opposed to بَدْأَةٌ, q. v. (T and Mgh in art. بدأ.) b4: The return of a party of warriors to war after their having come back from an expedition. (TA.) b5: Also, and ↓ رِجْعَةٌ, (S, A, Nh, Mgh, Msb, K,) but the former is the more chaste, (S, Msb, TA,) though the latter is mentioned before the former in the K, (TA,) (tropical:) A man's returning to his wife, or restoring her to himself, or taking her back by marriage or to the marriage-state, after having divorced her; (IF, Msb;) the returning of the divorcer to the divorced woman: (K:) or the taking back to marriage a woman who has been divorced, but not by an absolutely-separating sentence, without a new contract. (Nh.) You say, لَهُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ رَجْعَةٌ and ↓ رِجْعَةٌ (tropical:) [He has a right of returning to, or taking back, his wife after having divorced her]: (S, Mgh:) and يَمْلِكُ الرَّجْعَةَ عَلَى زَوْجَتِهِ (tropical:) [He possesses the right of returning &c.]: (Msb:) and طَلَّقَ فُلَانٌ فُلَانَةَ طَلَاقًا يَمْلِكُ فِيهِ الرَّجْعَةَ (tropical:) [Such a man divorced such a woman by a divorce in which he possessed the right of returning &c.]. (TA.) b6: Also the former, (S, Msb, TA,) and ↓ رِجْعَةٌ likewise, (Msb,) and ↓ رُجْعَةٌ (K) and ↓ رُجْعَى [which is originally an inf. n.] and ↓ رُجْعَانٌ [which is also originally an inf. n.] and ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَرْجُوعَةٌ and ↓ رَجُوعَةٌ and ↓ رَجْعٌ, (K,) the last of these is allowable, (TA,) [being an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.,] (tropical:) The reply, or answer, of an epistle. (S, Msb, * K, TA.) You say, هَلْ جَآءَ رَجْعَةُ كِتَابِكَ (S, TA) and ↓ رُجْعَانُهُ (TA) (tropical:) Hath the reply, or answer, of thine epistle come:? (S, TA:) and ↓ أَرْسَلتُ إِلَيْكَ فَمَا جَآءَنِى رُجْعَى

رِسَالَتِى (tropical:) I sent to thee, and the reply, or answer, of my epistle came not to me; i. e. ↓ مَرْجُوعُهَا: (S, K, * TA:) and فُلَانٍ عَلَيْكَ ↓ مَا كَانَ مِنْ مَرْجُوعِ (tropical:) What was [the purport] of the reply, or answer, of such a one to thee? (S, TA.) And [in like manner] الرِّشْق ↓ رَجْعُ signifies (assumed tropical:) What is returned against, or in opposition to, [or in reply to,] the simultaneous discharge of a number of arrows in a particular direction. (TA.) b7: See also رِجْعَةٌ.

رُجْعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

رِجْعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in three places. b2: A return, or profit, obtained by the expenditure of the price of camels sold: see an ex. above, voce اِرْتَجَعَ: (S, K:) or camels taken in exchange for other camels: or one that is taken in the place, and with the price, of two: (Mgh:) also the young, or younglings, of camels, which are purchased from the market with the price of others, or taken from the market in exchange for others: (K:) or, as Khálid says, the [return obtained by] bringing bad camels into the market and taking back good ones: or, as some say, the [return obtained by] bringing in males and taking back females: (TA:) [the words which I have here twice inserted in brackets are perhaps not necessary to complete the sense intended, as will be seen at the close of this sentence; but they seem to be required in the opinion of SM, for he has immediately added the further explanation which here next follows, and which is also, but less fully, given by J, immediately after the first explanation in this paragraph:] and رِجْعَةٌ has a similar meaning in relation to the poor-rates; being applied to camels taken by the collector of the poor-rates older or younger than those which their owner is bound to give: (S, * TA:) and camels which are purchased by the Arabs of the desert, [app. in exchange-for others,] not of their own breeding nor bearing their marks; as also ↓ رَجْعَةٌ: (TA, [see 8:]) IB says that the pl. of رِجْعَةٌ is ↓ رُجَعٌ; and that it was said to a tribe of the Arabs, “By what means have your beasts become many? ” and they answered, أَوْصَانَا أَبُونَا بِالنُّجَعِ وَالرُّجَعِ: but Th says, ↓ بالنِّجَعِ والرِّجَعِ: [both are probably correct; for it seems that the original forms are النُّجَع and الرِّجَع; and that, in one case, the latter is assimilated to the former; in the other, accord. to a usage less common, the former to the latter:] accord. to Th, the meaning is, [Our father charged us with the seekings after herbage in the places thereof, and] the selling the old and weak beasts and purchasing others in a state of youthful vigour: or, accord. to another explanation, the meaning is, the selling males and purchasing females: thus explained, رِجَعٌ seems to be an inf. n. (TA. [See رَجَعَ نَاقَةً.]) [See also رَجِيعَ.] b3: [(assumed tropical:) Any return, profit, or gain, accruing from a thing, or obtained by the sale or exchange thereof; as also ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ; and رَجْعٌ, q. v.] You say, جَآءَتْ رِجْعَةُ الضِّيَاعِ (assumed tropical:) The return, or increase, accruing to the owner of the lands came, or arrived. (Lh.) And جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِرِجْعَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one brought a good thing which he had purchased in the place of a bad thing; or in the place of a thing that was inferior to it. (TA.) And ↓ هٰذَا مَتَاعٌ لَهُ مَرْجُوعٌ (assumed tropical:) This is a commodity for which there will be a return, or profit, or gain. (S, * TA) And ↓ دَابَّةٌ لَهَا مَرْجُوعٌ (assumed tropical:) A beast that may be sold after having been used. (El-Isbahánee.) And ↓ لَيْسَ لِهٰذَا البَيْعِ مَرْجُوعٌ (tropical:) There is not, or will not be, any return, or profit, or gain, for this sale. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) An argument, or allegation, by which one rebuts in a litigation, or dispute; a proof; an evidence. (Ibn-'Abbád.) رُجْعَى: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.

طَلَاقٌ رَجْعِىٌّ, and رِجْعِىٌّ, (assumed tropical:) A divorce in which one reserves to himself the right of returning to his wife, or restoring her to himself, or taking her back to the marriage-state. (Mgh, * Msb.) b2: رَجْعِىٌّ applied to a beast: see رَجِيعُ سَفَرٍ.

رَجْعِيَّةٌ: see رَجِيعَةٌ.

رُجْعَانٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.

رِجَاعٌ The nose-rein of a camel: (IDrd, K:) or the part thereof which falls upon the nose of the camel: pl. [of pauc.] أَرْجِعَةٌ and [of mult.]

رُجُعٌ: (K:) from رَجَعَ in the phrase رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَنْفِ بَعِيرِهِ [q. v.]. (IDrd.) b2: It is also an inf. n.: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.

رَجِيعٌ. [Made, or caused, to return, go back, come back, or revert; sent back, turned back, or returned: repeated: rebutted, rejected, or repudiated, in reply, or replication: like ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ: and used in all these senses; as will be seen from what follows: and also, like ↓ مُرَجَّعٌ,] made, or caused, to return, go back, come back, or revert, again and again, or time after time; sent back, turned back, or returned, again and again, or time after time; made, or caused, to go, or move, repeatedly to and fro; so to go and come; to reciprocate: reiterated: reproduced: renewed: syn. مُرَدَّدٌ: [in the CK مَرْدُودٌ:] applied to anything: (S, K:) or to anything that is said or done: (Msb, TA:) because meaning ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ, i. e. مَرْدُودٌ: (S, Msb, TA:) or, applied to speech, (assumed tropical:) returned to its author; or repeated to him; or rebutted, rejected, or repudiated, in reply to him; syn. مَرْدُودٌ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ: (Lth, K:) or, so applied, (tropical:) repeated: (A, TA:) or, so applied, (assumed tropical:) reiterated: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or, so applied, (assumed tropical:) disapproved, or disliked. (TA.) You say, إِيَّاكَ وَالرَّجِيعَ مِنَ القَوْلِ (tropical:) Avoid thou the saying that is repeated; (A, TA;) [or rebutted, &c.;] or disapproved. (TA.) b2: Applied to a beast, (S, TA,) and [particularly] to a camel, (K,) it signifies Made to return from journey to journey: (S, TA:) and also means (assumed tropical:) fatigued, or jaded, (S, K,) by journeying: (K:) fem. with رُجُعٌ (S, K:) or (tropical:) lean, or emaciated: (Er-Rághib, K:) in the K is here added, or which thou hast made to return from a journey, meaning from journey to journey; but this is identical with the first explanation of the word applied to a beast: (TA:) pl. رُجُعٌ; (K;) or [app. of the fem., agreeably with analogy, and as seems to be indicated by J,] رَجَائِعُ. (S.) رَجِيعُ سَفَرٍ and سَفَرٍ ↓ رِجْعُ [in like manner] signify Made to return repeatedly, or several times, in journeying; applied to a she-camel: (K:) and the former signifies, applied to a beast, and [particularly] to a camel, a he-camel, (بَعِير,) which one makes to return again and again, or time after time, or to come and go repeatedly, in journeying, and drags along: (TA:) both also mean (tropical:) lean, or emaciated: and are in like manner applied to a man: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and ↓ رَجْعِىٌّ and ↓ مَرْجَعَانِىٌّ, also, but the latter is vulgar, (assumed tropical:) lean, or emaciated, by journeying; applied to a beast. (TA.) You say also سَفْرٌ رَجِيعٌ Travellers returning from a journey. (TA.) And سَفَرٌ رَجِيعٌ A journey in which are repeated returnings. (IAar.) b3: Any food returned to the fire [to be heated again], having became cold: (K:) [and particularly] roasted meat heated a second time. (As.) b4: A rope, or cord, undone, and then twisted a second time: (L, K:) and, as some say, anything done a second time. (L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Writing retraced with the pen, in order that it may became more plain: (KL:) and ↓ مَرْجُوعٌ [signifies the same: and also] (assumed tropical:) tattooing repeated and renewed; (EM p. 108;) tattooing of which the blackness has been restored: (TA:) pl. of the latter مَرَاجِيعُ. (TA, and EM ubi suprà.) b6: (tropical:) Dung, ordure, or excrement, of a solid-hoofed animal; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ رَجْعٌ; (K;) and of a man; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ the latter word; (TA;) and of a beast of prey; as also ↓ the latter: (S, TA:) because it returns from its first state, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) after having been food or fodder &c.; (TA;) having the meaning of an act. part. n., (Er-Rághib, Msb,) or, it may be, of a pass. part. n. (Er-Rághib.) b7: (tropical:) The cud which is ruminated by camels and the like: (S, * K:) because it returns to be eaten. (TA.) So in the saying of El-Aashà, وَفَلَاةٍ كَأَنَّهَا ظَهْرُ تُرْسٍ

لَيْسَ إِلَّا الرَّجِيعَ فِيهَا عَلَاقُ i. e. [Many a desert, or waterless desert, as though it were the back of a shield,] in which there is not found by the camels anything to serve for the support of life except the cud. (S.) b8: (assumed tropical:) Sweat: (K:) because, having been water, it returns as sweat. (TA.) b9: See also رَجْعٌ, in three places. b10: Also (assumed tropical:) The [part called] فَأْس of a bit: (Ibn-' Abbád, K:) [because of its returning motion.] b11: And (assumed tropical:) Niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious; syn. بَخِيلٌ [in the CK and a MS. copy of the K, نَخِيل]. (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA.) رَجُوعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

رَجِيعَةٌ A she-camel that is purchased with the price of another she-camel; as also ↓ رَاجِعَةٌ: (S:) or a female that is purchased with the price of a male. (' Alee Ibn-Hamzeh.) [See also رِجْعَةٌ: and see رَجِيعٌ, of which it is originally the fem.] Accord. to ISk, ↓ رَجْعِيَّةٌ signifies A camel which one has purchased from men who have brought him from another place for sale; which is not of the district in which he is: [but this appears to be a mistranscription, for رَجِيعَةٌ; for he adds,] the pl. is رَجَائِعُ. (TA.) رَجَّاعٌ (assumed tropical:) One who returns much, or often, unto God. (TA.) رَاجِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1. Hence the saying, إِنَّا لِلّٰهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ, explained above: see 10. b2: Also, without ة,] (assumed tropical:) A woman who returns to her family in consequence of the death of her husband (Az, S, Msb, K) or in consequence of divorcement; (Az, Msb;) as also ↓ مُرَاجِعٌ: (Az, K:) or, accord. to some, (Msb,) she who is divorced [and sent back to her family] is termed مَرْدُودَةٌ. (S, Msb.) b3: [In like manner without ة,] applied to a she-camel, and to a she-ass, it signifies (assumed tropical:) That raises her tail, and compresses her two sides (قُطْرَيْهَا), and casts forth her urine in repeated discharges, so that she is imagined to be pregnant, (S, K,) and then fails of fulfilling her [apparent] promise: (S:) or (assumed tropical:) that conceives, and then fails of fulfilling her promise; because she goes back from what is hoped of her: (TA:) or, applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) that has appeared to have conceived, and is then found to be not pregnant: (As:) pl. رَوَاجِعُ. (S, TA.) [See also رَجَعَتْ.] b4: (assumed tropical:) A sick man whose soul [or health] has returned to him after his being debilitated by disease: and (assumed tropical:) a man whose soul [or health] has returned to him after severe and constant illness. (TA.) رَاجِعَةٌ [originally fem. of رَاجِعٌ, q. v.]: see رَجِيعَةٌ: b2: and see رَجْعٌ. b3: Also, [app. from the returning of its water time after time,] (assumed tropical:) A water-course of a valley. (ISh, TA.) b4: رَوَاجِعُ [is its pl., and] signifies Varying winds; because of their coming and going. (TA.) b5: Hence also, رَوَاجِعُ الأَبْوَابِ [The leaves of doors]. (TA.) أَرْجَعُ (tropical:) More [and most] productive of return, or profitable. (TA.) You say, هٰذَا أَرْجَعُ فِى

يَدى مِنْ هٰذَا (tropical:) This is more productive of return, or profitable, in my hand than this. (TA.) مَرْجِعٌ an inf. n. of the intrans. verb رَجَعَ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K, &c.) b2: [Hence it signifies sometimes (assumed tropical:) Recourse. See مَنَابٌ, in art. نوب.]

A2: [A place to which a person, or thing, returns after going or moving therefrom; agreeably with analogy. See an ex. voce مَحْضَرٌ.] b2: [Hence,] مَرْجِعُ الكَتِفِ (tropical:) The lower part of the shoulderblade, (S, K, TA,) next the arm-pit, [that on the left side being] in the region where the heart beats; (TA;) as also الكَتِفِ ↓ رَجْعُ: (S, K:) and مَرْجِعُ المِرْفَقِ (tropical:) [the place to which the elbow returns when, after it has been removed from its usual place, it is brought back thereto; which place in a beast is next the arm-pit: see فَرِيصٌ, in three places]: (TA:) pl. مَرَاجِعُ. (TA.) b3: [مَرْجِعٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The place, or thing, to which a person, or thing, is referred, as his, or its, source: see مَنْصِبٌ. b4: Also, (assumed tropical:) A state, or condition, to which a person, or thing, returns. b5: And (assumed tropical:) The place, and the state, or condition, or result, to which a person, or thing, ultimately, or eventually, comes. A goal.]

A3: It is also an inf. n. of رَجَعَهُ. (K.) مُرْجِعٌ, [without ة,] applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) Becoming in good condition after leanness. (Ks, TA.) [See 4, of which it is the act. part. n.]

b2: هٰذَا مَتَاعٌ مُرْجِعٌ (assumed tropical:) This is a commodity for which there will be a return, or profit, or gain. (S, * TA.) b3: سَفْرَةٌ مُرْجِعَةٌ (tropical:) A journey having a recompense, or reward, and a good issue or result. (K, TA.) مُرَجَّعٌ: see رَجِيعٌ; first sentence.

مَرْجَعَانِىٌّ: see رَجِيعٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

مَرْجُوعٌ [pass. part. n. of رَجَعَهُ]: see رَجِيعٌ, in three places: b2: and رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places: b3: and رِجْعَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph, in four places.

مَرْجُوعَةٌ: see رَجْعَةٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

مُرَاجِعٌ: see رَاجِعٌ.

سفن

1 سَفَنَهُ, (S, M, L, K,) aor. ـِ (M, L, K,) inf. n. سَفْنٌ, (S, M, L,) i. q. قَشَرَهُ [i. e. He divested or stripped it of, or he stripped off, scraped off, rubbed off, abraded, or otherwise removed, its outer covering or integument, or superficial part; he pared it, peeled it, &c.: and he, or it, pared, peeled, stripped, or rubbed, it off; namely, anything superficial and generally a thing adhering to the surface of another thing]. (S, M, L, K.) Imra-el-Keys says, فَجَاءَ خَفِيًّا يَسْفِنُ الأَرْضَ بَطْنُهُ تَرَىالتُّرْبَ مِنْهُ لَاصِقًا كُلَّ مَلْصَقِ [And he came clandestinely, his belly paring the ground, thou seeing the dust sticking to him with the utmost sticking]; (S, M, L; but in the S, لَازِقًا and مَلْزَقِ;) meaning that he came cleaving to the ground in order that the objects of the chase might not see him and flee from him. (S, L.) b2: And He pared and smoothed it; as also ↓ سفّنهُ [but app. in an intensive sense, or used in relation to several objects]. (M, L.) b3: and سَفَنَتِ الرِيحُ التُّرَابَ, (M, L,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (M, L,) The wind reduced the dust to a fine powder: (M, L:) or سَفَنَت ِالرِيحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ وَجْهِ الأرْضِ [The wind pared off the dust from the surface of the earth]. (S, L.) b4: And سَفَنَتِ الرِّيحُ, aor. ـُ (Lh, M, L, K,) inf. n. سُفُونٌ, (Lh, M, L,) The wind blew upon the surface of the earth [app. removing the dust]; as also سَفِنَتِ, (Lh, M, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K.) b5: and السَّفِينَةُ تَسْفِنُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الأَرْضِ The ship, or boat, sticks upon the ground. (L.) 2 سَفَّنَ see the preceding paragraph.

سَفَنٌ A carpenter's adz, or axe, (L,) or a large adz or axe, (M, L,) or a thing (S, L, K) of any kind, (K,) with which one hews, or shapes out, or pares, a thing; as also ↓ مِسْفَنٌ: (S, L, K:) or an adz with which palm-trunks are pared; as also سَفَرٌ and شَفَرٌ. (ISk, L.) b2: Also Rough skin, (S, M, L, K,) thick, or coarse, (M,) such as the skins of crocodiles, (S, L,) which is put upon the hilts of swords: (S, M, L:) or the skin of the fish called أَطُوم, which is a rough skin, wherewith whips and arrows are rubbed [to smooth them], and which is upon the hilts of swords: (Mgh, L: *) accord. to AHn, (M, L,) a rough piece of the skin of the [lizard called] ضَبّ, or of the skin of a fish, with which the arrow is rubbed so as to remove from it the marks of the paring-knife: (M, L, K:) or, as some say, (M, L,) a stone with which one shapes out, or pares, and smooths: (M, L, K:) sometimes, accord. to Lth, an iron implement with which one rubs wood so as to smooth it: (L:) accord. to AHeyth, a cane which is hollowed, and has some notches cut in it, through which an arrow is put and repeatedly drawn [to smooth it]; also called طَرِيدَةٌ. (L in art. طرد.) See an ex. in a verse cited in art. خوف, conj. 5.

سَفُونٌ A wind that blows upon the surface of the earth [app. removing the dust]; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَافِنَةٌ: (K:) or the former, a wind always blowing: (L:) and ↓ the latter signifies a wind as though wiping the surface of the earth; (A 'Obeyd, L;) or paring it; (L;) or [simply] a wind; (S;) and its pl. is سَوَافِنُ. (A 'Obeyd, S, L, K.) سَفِينٌ: see سَفِينَةٌ, in two places.

سِفَانَةٌ The craft, or occupation, of constructing, (M, L, K,) and of navigating, (M, L,) ships or boats. (M, L, K.) سَفِينَةٌ A ship, or boat; (M, L;) of the measure فَعيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; (IDrd, S, M, L, Msb;) as though it pared the surface of the water; (IDrd, S, L, Msb;) or so called because it pares [meaning skims] the surface of the water; (M, L;) or because it pares the sands [by running aground] when the water is little [in depth]; or because [in that case] it sticks upon the ground; or it may be from سَفَنٌ meaning “ a carpenter's adz or axe with which he hews &c.,”

and, if so, having the meaning of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (L:) the pl. is سَفَائِنُ and سُفُنٌ (M, L, Msb, K) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ سَفِينٌ: (S, M, L, Msb, K:) the first of these is a regular pl.: (Sb, M, L:) the second is pl. of the third, (Msb,) or it is as though it were pl. of the third: (Sb, M, L:) ↓ the third is anomalous, being of a class proper to created things, as in the instances of تَمْرَةٌ and تَمْرٌ, and نَخْلَةٌ and نَخْلٌ, and only heard in a few instances in the cases of things made by art; and some say that it is a dial. var. of سَفِينَةٌ. (Msb.) [Hence,] السَّفِينَةُ (assumed tropical:) [The constellation Argo;] one of the southern constellations, of which the stars are five and forty, the bright great star upon the southern oar being سْهَيْلٌ [i. e. Canopus], accord. to Ptolemy, and it is the most remote star from the سفينة, in the south, and is marked on the astrolabe; but some of the Arabs say that the bright star at the extremity of the second oar [but what star is meant thereby I know not] is called سُهَيْلٌ, without restriction. (Kzw.) b2: [Also An oblong book: and a commonplace book: app. post-classical.]

سَفَّانٌ A constructor, or builder, of ships or boats: (M, L, K:) and a navigator, (M, L,) or a master, (S, Msb,) of a ship or boat. (S, M, L, Msb.) سَفَّانَهٌ A pearl. (K.) سَافِنَةٌ; pl. سَوَافِنُ: see سَفُونٌ, in two places.

السَّافِينُ A certain vein in the inner side of the spine, extending lengthwise, with which is united the نِيَاط [q. v.] of the heart. (K.) [Golius and Freytag explain it as meaning the “ Saphæna: ”

but this is called الصَّافِنُ.]

سِيفَنَّةٌ A certain bird [found] in Egypt, that does not alight upon a tree without eating all the leaves thereof. (K.) مسْفَنٌ: see سَفَنٌ.

شطن

1 شَطَنَ, (S, TA,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. شُطُونٌ, (PS,) He was, or became, distant, or remote, (S, TA,) عَنْهُ [from him, or it]. (S.) And شَطَنَتِ الدَّارُ, (Msb, TA,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., The abode, or dwelling, was distant, or remote. (Msb, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, remote, or far, from the truth, and from the mercy of God. (Msb.) b3: And شَطَنَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) It entered into the earth, either رَاسِخًا [app. as meaning becoming firmly fixed therein], or وَاغِلًا [app. as meaning penetrating, and becoming concealed]. (K.) A2: شَطَنَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَطْنٌ, (S,) He turned away in opposition to him (namely, his companion, K) from his design, or aim, or his direction that he was pursuing, and his way, or course; expl. by the words خَالَفَهُ عَنْ نِيَّتِهِ وَوَجْهِهِ. (ISk, S, K.) A3: And شَطَنَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. شَطْنٌ, (TA,) He bound him with the شَطَن [or rope, or long rope, &c.]. (S, K.) 4 اشطنهُ He made him, or caused him, to be, or become, distant, or remote. (S, K.) Q. Q. 1 شَيْطَنَ He acted as a شَيْطَان [i. e., as implied in the context, a devil; or one excessively, or inordinately, proud or corrupt or unbelieving or rebellious, or one insolent and audacious in pride and in acts of rebellion]; (K;) and ↓ تَشَيْطَنَ; (S, K;) both signify the same; (K, TA;) he became, and acted, like the شَيْطَان. (TA.) Q. Q. 2 تَشَيْطَنَ: see what next precedes.

شَطَنٌ A rope, (S, Msb, K,) in a general sense: (K:) or a long rope: (Kh, S, K:) or a long and strongly-twisted rope by means of which one draws water: (TA:) pl. أَشْطَانٌ. (S, Msb, K.) Mention is made, in a trad., of a horse as being مَرْبُوطٌ بِشَطَنَيْنِ [i. e. Tied with two ropes, or long ropes, &c.,] because of his strength. (TA.) and one says of a strong-spirited horse, إِنَّهُ لَيَنْزُو بَيْنَ شَطَنَيْنِ [Verily he leaps between two ropes, or long ropes, &c.]: a saying applied as a prov. to him who exults, or exults greatly, or excessively, and behaves insolently and ungratefully, and is strong. (TA.) An Arab of the desert described a horse (S, Msb) that did not become abraded in the sole of his hoof (so in a copy of the S) by saying, كَأَنَّهُ شَيْطَانٌ فِى أَشْطَانٍ [As though he were a devil in ropes, or long ropes, &c.]. (S, Msb.) نَوًى شَطُونٌ (S) or نِيَّةٌ شَطُونٌ (K) [A place to which one purposes journeying] that is distant, or remote. (S, K.) And غَزْوَةٌ شَطُونٌ [A warring and plundering expedition] that is distant. (K.) And حَرْبٌ شَطُونٌ [Distant war: or] (assumed tropical:) war that is difficult [because distant]. (TA. See an ex. in a verse cited voce جُبَّةٌ.) [See also شَطِينٌ, and شَاطِنٌ.] b2: بِئْرٌ شَطُونٌ (tropical:) A deep well, (S, K, TA,) curving in its interior: (TA:) or a well from which the bucket is drawn out by means of two ropes, from its two sides, wide in the upper part and narrow in the lower part; (K, TA;) so that if one draws out the bucket from it by means of one rope, one draws it against the casing, and it becomes rent. (TA.) And رُمْحٌ شَطُونٌ (assumed tropical:) A long and crooked spear. (TA.) شَطِينٌ Distant, or remote. (TA. [See also شَطُونٌ, and شَاطِنٌ.]) شَاطِنٌ [Distant, or remote, in respect of the place of alighting or abode]; i. q. شَاطِبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. شطب. [See also شَطُونٌ, and شَطِينٌ.]) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Far from the truth [and from the mercy of God: see 1]. (TA.) b3: And i. q. خَبِيثٌ (assumed tropical:) [Bad, corrupt, &c.; like سَاطِنٌ]. (K.) Umeiyeh (S, TA) Ibn-Abi-s-Salt, referring to Solomon, (TA,) says, أَيُّمَا شَاطِنٍ عَصَاهُ عَكَاهُ ثُمَّ يُلْقَى فِى السِّجْنِ وَالأَغْلَالِ [Whatever bad one disobeyed him, he bound him in irons; then he was cast into the prison and the shackles for the neck and hands]. (S, TA.) شَيْطَانٌ a word of well-known meaning [i. e. A devil; and with the article ال, the devil, Satan]: (S, K:) any that is excessively, or inordinately, proud or corrupt or unbelieving or rebellious, or that is insolent and audacious in pride and in acts of rebellion, of mankind, and of the jinn, or genii, and of beasts; (A'Obeyd, S, Msb, K;) as is shown in relation to the first and second of these by what is said in the Kur vi. 112, and ii.13 and 96: (TA:) the ن is radical, (S, Msb, TA,) the word being of the measure فَيْعَالٌ, from شَطَنَ, (Msb, TA,) signifying “ he was, or became, distant, or remote,” (TA,) or signifying “ he was, or became, remote, or far, from the truth, and from the mercy of God; ” (Msb;) as is indicated by the pl. شَيَاطِينُ; [for] the reading of El-Hasan in the Kur xxvi. 210, الشَّيَاطُونَ, is anomalous, [like بَسَاتُونَ for بَسَاتِينُ,] and is said by Th to be a mistake: (TA:) or, as some say, the ن is augmentative, (S, Msb, TA, *) and the ى is radical, so that the word is of the measure فَعْلَان, (Msb,) from شَاطَ, aor. ـِ (Msb, TA,) signifying “ it was, or became, null, void, of no account,” and the like, and “ it burned,” or “ became burnt,” (Msb,) or signifying “ he burned with anger: ”

but the former opinion is the more common: (TA:) [in the Kur, the word is always perfectly decl.; and so it is said to be by SM, in art. شيط of the TA; unless used as a proper name: but J says,] if you make it to be of the measure فَيْعَال from تَشَيْطَنَ said of a man, [or rather because they say of a man تشيطن,] you make it perfectly decl.; but if you make it to be from شَيَّطَ [“ he burned ” a thing], you make it imperfectly decl., because it is of the measure فَعْلَان. (S.) b2: Also The serpent: (S, K:) or a certain species of serpents; (Fr, S, TA;) having a mane, of foul aspect: or, as some say, a slender, light, or active, serpent. (TA.) b3: Respecting the saying in the Kur [xxxvii. 63], طَلْعُهَا كَأَنَّهُ رُؤُوسُ الشَّيَاطِينِ [Its fruit is as though it were the heads of the شياطين], Fr says that there are three ways in which it may be explained: one is, that the طلع is likened to the heads of the شياطين [meaning devils] in respect of foulness, or ugliness, because these are described as foul, or ugly: (S:) or it is likened to the evil in disposition of the jinn, because these are imagined as foul, or ugly: Zj says, in explaining it, that one says of a thing deemed foul, or ugly, كَأَنَّهُ وَجْهُ شَيْطَانٍ [as though it were the face of a devil], and كَأَنَّهُ رَأْسُ شَيْطَانٍ [as though it were the head of a devil]; for though the شيطان is not seen, he is conceived in the mind as the foulest, or ugliest, of things: (TA:) the second is, that [the meaning is foul, or ugly, serpents; for] the Arabs apply the name شيطان to a sort of serpents, having a mane, foul, or ugly, in the head and face: (S, TA: *) the third is, that a certain foul, or ugly, plat is named رُؤُوسُ الشَّيَاطِينِ; (S, TA;) which is expl. in the K only as meaning a certain plant. (TA.) b4: شَيْطَانُ الفَلَا [lit. The devil of the waterless deserts] means (assumed tropical:) thirst. (K.) b5: شَيْطَانٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Any blamable faculty, or power, [or propensity,] of a man. (Er-Rághib, TA.) One says, رَكِبَهُ شَيْطَانُهُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [His anger got the ascendency over him; or] he was, or became, angry. (TA.) And نَزَعَ شَيْطَانَهُ (assumed tropical:) He plucked out his pride. (TA.) b6: Also, [probably as being likened to a serpent,] (assumed tropical:) A mark made with a hot iron in the upper part of the haunch of a camel, perpendicularly, upon the thigh, extending to the hock; (K, TA;) from the “ Tedhkireh ” of Aboo-'Alee; (TA;) likewise called ↓ مُشَيْطَنَةٌ. (Az, K, TA.) الشَّيْطَانِيَّةُ A certain sect of the extravagant zealots of [the schismatics called] the شِيعَة; so named from [their founder] شَيْطَانُ الطَّاقِ, (TA,) an appellation of Mohammad Ibn-En-Noaman. (K and TA in art. طوق.) مُشَاطِنٌ One who draws out the bucket from the well بِشَطَنَيْنِ, (K, TA,) i. e. with two ropes. (TA.) مُشَيْطَنَةٌ: see شَيْطَانٌ, last sentence.