بهرج

Q. 1 بُهْرِجَ, in the pass. form, (KT, Msb,) inf. n. بَهْرَجَةٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) was taken otherwise than by, or in, the right way: (Msb:) or (tropical:) it was turned away, or conveyed by turning away, (KT, K, TA,) from the beaten way or road, (KT, TA,) or from the direct, or right, main road. (K, TA.) And بَهْرَجَ بِهِمْ (tropical:) It (the road, A) lead them otherwise than in the beaten track. (T, A, TA.) [See بَهْرَجٌ, from which the verb is derived.] b2: (tropical:) It (a man's blood) was made to be of no account, to go for nothing, unretaliated, or uncompensated by a mulct; was made allowable to be taken or shed. (Mgh.) And بَهْرَجَ دَمَهُ (tropical:) He made his blood to be of no account, &c. (TA.) b3: Hence, (TA,) أَمَا إِذْ بَهْرَجْتَنِى فَلَا أَشْرَبُهَا

أَبَدًا (K, * TA) (tropical:) Verily, since thou hast made me [meaning my offence] to pass unnoticed, or hast taken no account of me, (هَدَرْتَنِى,) by annulling in respect of me the prescribed castigation, (K, TA,) I will not drink it (i. e. wine) henceforth: (TA:) said by Aboo-Mihjen (K, TA) Eth-Tha- kafee, (TA,) to Ibn-Abee-Wakkás. (TA.) b4: You say also, بَهْرَجَ المَكَانِ (assumed tropical:) He made the place free to the people in general to pasture their beasts in it. (IAar, L.) Q. 2 تَبَهْرَجَ It (a place) became, or was made, free to the people in general to pasture their beasts in it. (IAar, L.) بَهْرَجٌ an arabicized word, (T, S, Mgh, L, TA,) from نَبَهْرَهْ, (T, Mgh, L, TA,) which is Persian; (L, TA;) or, as some say, it is an Indian word, originally نَبَهْلَهْ, meaning Bad, whence the Persian نَبَهْرَهْ, and hence the arabicized بَهْرَجٌ; (TA;) applied to a dirhem, as meaning bad; (Kr, S;) false; (S, El-Marzookee;) adulterated; (Shifá el-Ghaleel, El-Marzookee;) of bad silver; (A, Mgh, L, Msb;) with which one cannot buy: (IAar, TA:) or, as some say, in which the silver is predominant: or, accord. to IAar, of which the die has been falsified: (Mgh:) or not coined in the government-mint: (Lb, TA:) and ↓ مُبْهَرَجٌ signifies the same, applied to a dirhem; (Lh, A, Mgh;) and so ↓ نَبَهْرَجٌ; (Lh, El-Marzookee;) but [Mtr says,] I have not found it with ن, except on the authority of Lh (Mgh;) and IKh says that it is a word of the vulgar: (TA:) the pl. [of بهرج] is بَهَارِجُ, and [of نبهرج,] نَبَهْرَجَاتُ. (TA.) b2: Hence, metaphorically, (Mgh,) (tropical:) Bad; (S, A, Mgh, L, Msb, K;) and false, or of no account; (S, A, Mgh, K;) applied to a thing (S, A, Mgh, L, Msb) of any kind: (A, Mgh, L:) anything rejected; not received or accepted; rejected as wrong or bad; as also ↓ نَبَهْرَجٌ: (TA:) and a thing is termed ↓ مُبَهْرَجٌ when it is as though it were cast away, and not an object of emulous desire or envy, or not in request. (El-Marzookee, TA.) You say, كَلَامٌ بَهْرَجٌ (tropical:) Bad language. (A, L.) And عَمَلٌ بَهْرَجٌ (tropical:) A bad action. (A, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Allowed or allowable [to any person, to be taken or let alone, or to be possessed or made use of or done]; made allowable, free, or lawful. (K.) Yousay, دَمٌ بَهْرَجٌ (tropical:) Blood made to be of no account, to go for nothing, unretaliated, or uncompensated by a mulct; allowed to be taken or shed; (A, L;) as also ↓ مُبَهْرَجٌ. (K.) And مَكَانٌ بَهْرَجٌ (assumed tropical:) A place free to the people in general to pasture their beasts in it. (IAar, L.) And ↓ مَآءٌ مُبَهْرَجٌ (assumed tropical:) A water left free to those who come to water at it. (A, K, * TA.) مُبَهْرَجٌ: see بَهْرَجٌ, in four places.

نَبَهْرَجٌ: see بَهْرَجٌ, in two places.

بطرق

بِطْرِيقٌ A قَائِد [or leader of an army], in the language of the رُوم [or Greeks of the Lower Empire]; (JK;) one who is to the روم like the قائد to the Arabs; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e.] a leader of an army (قائد) of the روم; (S, K;) accord. to Kudámeh, (Mgh,) one who is over ten thousand men: (Mgh, K:) next to him is the طَرْخَان [in the CK تَرْخان], over five thousand: then, the قَوْمَس, over two hundred: (K:) but in art. طرخ in the K, it is said that طرخان signifies “ a headman, or chief, of high, or noble, rank,” in the language of Khurásán; and in art. قمس, that قومس signifies “ a commander,” or the like, syn. أَمِيرٌ; and. قَمَامِسَةٌ, i. q. بَطَارِقَةٌ, (TA,) which is pl. of بطريق, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) as also بَطَارِيقُ, for which بَطَارِقُ is used in a verse of Aboo-Dhueyb: (TA:) it is an arabicized word; (S, TA;) [app. from the Latin “ patricius; ”] or, as some say, of the language of the روم and of Syria: or Arabic, agreeing with the foreign word, and of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz: accord. to El-Jawáleekee and others, in the language of the روم it is بترك: some say that it signifies skilled in war and its affairs, in the language of the روم; and he who is so has rank, or office, and is sometimes made foremost, among them: (TA:) and (some say, TA) a proud and self-conceited man; (JK, K;) so says Ibn-'Abbád: (TA:) and fat; applied to a bird (JK, K) &c.: (JK:) pl. بَطَارِقَةٌ. (K.) b2: [See also بَطْرَكٌ, and جَاثَلِيقٌ.]

جرثم

Q. 2 تَجَرْثَمَ: see 3, in two places.

A2: تجرثم الشَّىْءَ He took the greater, main, or chief, part of the thing. (K.) Q. 3 اِجْرَنْثَمَ He, or it, drew himself, or itself, together; contracted; or shrank: (TA, Har p. 297:) from جُرْثُومَةٌ signifying the “earth collected around a tree.” (Har ib.) Also, and ↓ تجرثم, It (a thing, S) collected itself together, or became collected, (S, K,) and kept to a place. (K.) Hence, in a trad., ↓ وَعَادَ لَهَا النِّقادُ مُجْرَنْثِمًا And the lambs, by reason of it, namely, the vehement drought, became collected, or drawn, together [in one place, and kept to it]. (TA.) b2: He (a man, TA) fell from a high, or higher, to a low, or lower, place; as also ↓ تجرثم. (K, TA.) جُرْثُمَةٌ: see what next follows.

جُرْثُومَةٌ [and accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the S, جُرْثُومٌ, but this I have. not found in any Lexicon but his and that of Freytag,] The root, lowest part, base, stock, or source, syn. أَصْلٌ, of a thing; (S, Mgh, K;) whatever the thing be; (Mgh;) as also ↓ جُرْثُمَةٌ: (TA:) and the place of collection thereof: (Mgh, TA:) or the earth that is collected at the roots, or lower parts, of trees: (K:) or the earth collected around a tree: (Har p. 297:) or the root of a tree to which the earth is collected: (Lth, TA:) pl. جَرَاثِيمُ. (Mgh.) One is related to have said, الأَسْدُ جُرْثُومَةُ العَرَبِ فَمَنْ أَضَلَّ نَسَبَهُ فَلِيَأْتِهِمْ [ElAsd are those, of the Arabs, to whom most others congregate: therefore whoever loses his genealogy, let him come to them]: meaning الأَزْدُ. (TA.) And جَرَاثِيمُ جَهَنَّمَ means The greater, main, or chief, degrees of the punishment of Hell. (Mgh.) b2: The base (أَصْل) of a sandhill overlooking what surrounds it. (Har p. 99.) and the pl. (جراثيم), Places elevated above the ground, composed of clay and earth collected together. (TA.) b3: The earth collected by ants; (TA;) an ant-hill: (K:) or جُرْثُومَةُ النَّمْلِ signifies the ant-hill. (S.) b4: The earth, or dust, that the wind raises, or sweeps up and scatters. (K.) b5: The غَلْصَمَة [or epiglottis]. (K.) مُجْرَنْثِمٌ: see 3. b2: رَكَبٌ مُجْرَنْثَمٌ [in the CK, erroneously, رَكْبٌ مُجْرَنْثَمٌ,] i. q. مُسْتَهْدِفٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, مُسْتَهْدَفٌ,]) i. e., A wide, elevated pubes. (TA in art. هدف.)

جهنم

جَهَنَّمُ [Hell; or Hell-fire;] (T, S, K, &c.;) a name of the fire with which God will punish, (T, S,) in the life to come, (T,) his [disobedient and unrepentant and unbelieving] servants; (S;) a proper name of the abode of punishment: (Bd, ii. 202:) a word rendered quasi-coordinate to the quinqueliteral-radical class by the doubling of the third letter: (S:) accord. to some, it is an Arabic word, applied to the fire of the world to come because of its depth; [see the last paragraph;] (T, TA;) or originally syn. with النَّارُ [fire, or the fire]; (Bd in ii. 202;) and imperfectly decl. because determinate and of the fem. gender: (T, S:) accord. to others, it is an arabicized word, (T, S, Bd ubi suprà,) imperfectly decl. because determinate and of foreign origin; (T, TA;) some say, originally Persian; (S;) others, from the Hebrew كهنام, (TA,) [or as Golius says, ? “ the Valley of Hinnom,” where children were burned alive as sacrifices to the idol Moloch.] b2: See also جِهِنَّامٌ.

جَهَنَّمِىٌّ Of, or relating to, جَهَنَّم, i. e. Hell, or Hell-fire.]

جِهِنَّامٌ (S, K, Ham p. 817) and [جَهِنَّامٌ and جُهِنَّامٌ], with each of the three vowels (K, TA) to the ج (TA,) [but accord. to the K it would rather seem to be جَهَنَّامٌ and جُهُنَّامٌ,] and ↓ جَهَنَّمٌ, (K,) applied to a well (رَكِيَّةٌ, S, K, or بِئْرٌ, Ham), Deep; (S, K, Ham;) in which he who falls into it perishes. (Ham.)

قرطس

Q. 1 قَرْطَسَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. قَرْطَسَةٌ, (Msb,) He (an archer) [and it (an arrow)] hit the قِرْطَاس [or target]. (Msb, K.) It is also allowable to say, قَرْطَسَتِ الرَّمْيَةُ The shot went right to the قِرْطَاس. (Msb.) Q. 2 تَقَرْطَسَ He perished. (Sgh, K.) قَرْطَسٌ and قِرْطَسٌ: see قِرْطَاسٌ.

قِرْطَاسٌ Paper; syn. كَاغَدٌ: (K:) or such as is made of the بَرْدِىّ [or papyrus], found in Egypt: (TA:) [and particularly a roll, or scroll, thereof: see also طُومَارٌ, and سُرْفَةٌ:] what one writes upon: (S, Msb:) also written قُرْطَاسٌ; (S, Msb, K;) but the former is the better known, (Msb), or the former only is of established authority, for El-Járabardee says the contrary of the latter; (MF;) and قَرْطَاسٌ; (Lh, ISd, K;) but this is not mentioned by most of the lexicographers; (MF;) and ↓ قَرْطَسٌ signifies the same; (Az, S, Msb, K;) and so does ↓ قِرْطَسٌ. (K [app. on the authority of El-Fárábee and Aboo-'Alyà; but the names are imperfectly written in the TA.]) b2: قِرْطَاسٌ also signifies A writing, or book, (صَحِيفَةٌ,) of whatever thing it be: (K:) pl. قَرَاطِيسُ. (TA.) b3: Also, A butt, or target, to shoot at; (S;) a piece of skin, (Msb,) or any skin, (K,) set up for persons contending in shooting. (Msb, K.) b4: And A kind of بُرْد [q. v.] of the fabric of Egypt. (K, TA.) b5: And A white, or fair, girl, of tall stature. (IAar, K.) b6: And A camel such as is termed آدَم. (Sgh, K.) b7: And A young she-camel. (IAar, K.) دَابَّةٌ قِرْطَاسِيَّةٌ A beast of carriage in whose whiteness is no mixture of any other colour. (K.) مُقَرْطِسٌ An archer [and in like manner an arrow] hitting the قِرْطَاس. (Msb.) And رَمْيَةٌ مُقَرْطِسَةٌ A shot going right to the قِرْطَاس. (TA.)

عش

1 عَشَّ, (TK,) inf. n. عَشٌّ, (K,) He (a bird) kept to his عُشّ [or nest in a tree]. (K, TK.) 2 عشّش, inf. n. تَعْشِيشٌ, He (a bird) made for himself a nest in a tree; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ اعتشّ, (A, K,) or اعتشّ عُشَّهُ, (O,) inf. n. اِعْتِشَاشٌ. (TA.) b2: It is said in a trad., (A, K,) in the story of Umm-Zara, (O, TA,) لَا تَمْلَأُ بَيْتَنَا تَعْشِيشًا, meaning She will not be unfaithful with respect to our food, or wheat, by hiding somewhat in every corner, (A, O, K,) like birds that make their nests in sundry place, (O,) so that it becomes like the nest of the bird in a tree, (A, O,) or so that it becomes like the place where the birds make their nests in a tree. (K.) [See another reading in the first paragraph of art. غش.] b3: You say also, of a person greatly erring, and obstinately persevering in evil, عشّش الشَّيْطَانُ فِى قَلْبِهِ (assumed tropical:) [The devil hath made a nest in his heart]. (TA in art. فحص.) A2: عشّش الخُبْزُ The bread became mouldy, or spoiled and overspread with greenness, (S, A, O, K,) and dried up. (S.) A3: عشّش الخُبْزَ He left the bread until it became mouldy, or spoiled and overspread with greenness [and dried up]. (A.) 8 إِعْتَشَ3َ see the next preceding paragraph.

عَشٌّ: see the paragraph here following.

عُشٌّ The nest of a bird, formed of what it collects together, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) of slender pieces of sticks, (S, A, O, K,) &c., (S, O,) or of fragments of sticks, (Mgh, Msb,) in which it lays its eggs, (Mgh,) in a tree, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) in the branches thereof; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ عَشٌّ: (A, K:) but if in a mountain, (S, O, Msb,) or a building, (Msb,) or a wall or the like, (S, O,) it is called وَكْرٌ, and وَكْنٌ; and if in the ground, أُفْحُوصٌ, (S, O, Msb,) and أُدْحِىٌّ: (S, O:) or the nest of a raven or other bird, upon a tree, when it is dense, or compact, and large: (Lth, T:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْشَاشٌ (S, Msb) and [of mult.]

عِشَاشٌ and عِشَشَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb) and عُشُوشٌ. (TA.) [See also عُشْعُشٌ.] It is said in a prov., quoted in a خُطْبَة of El-Hajjáj, (O, TA,) لَيْسَ هٰذَا بِعُشِّكِ فَادْرُجِى [(assumed tropical:) This is not thy nest, or] thou hast no right in this; therefore go thy way: (A, O, K: *) addressed to him who alights in a place of abode not befitting him: (A, TA:) or to him who raises himself above his rank: and to him who applies himself to a thing not of his business to do: and to him who is at case in an improper time; wherefore he is thus ordered to be diligent and in motion. (TA.) And in another prov., (TA,) تَلَمَّسْ أَعْشَاشَكَ (assumed tropical:) Seek thou, or seek thou repeatedly, after pretexts, and [causes for] false accusation, in thy family (O, L, K, TA) and those belonging to thee: (TA:) [not in others: (see Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 235:)] nearly like the former proverb. (TA.) [In the CK, تَلَمَّسَ is erroneously put for تَلَمَّسْ.]

عُشَيْشَةٌ and عُشَيْشِيَةٌ: see art. عشو.

عُشَيْشَانٌ and عُشَيْشِيَانٌ: see art. عشو.

عُشْعُشٌ, (IAar, S,) or عَشْعَشٌ, as written by Sgh, (TA,) or both, (O, K,) A nest such as is called عُشّ, when heaped up, one part upon another. (IAar, S, O, K.) مَوْضِعُ كَذَا مُعَشَّشُ الطُّيُورِ [Such a place is the place where the birds make their nests in the branches of trees]. (S, O, K. *)