دكن

1 دَكَنَ المَتَاعَ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. دَكْنٌ; (TA;) and ↓ دكّنهُ; (K;) He put the goods, household-goods, or furniture and utensils, one upon another. (Msb, K, TA.) [In the TA, this is said to be tropical: if so, it seems that the proper signification is, He made the goods, &c., like a دُكَّان, or bench upon which one sits: see 2.]

A2: , دَكِنَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. دَكَنٌ, (S, Msb,) It (a thing, TA, or a garment, S, or a horse, Msb) was, or became, of a blackish colour; of a colour inclining to blackness: (S, K:) or of a colour inclining to that of dust; [or brown; i. e.] of a colour between redness and blackness: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ اِدَّكَنَ [originally اِدْتَكَنَ] signifies the same as دكن [app. دَكِنَ]. (TA.) And دَكِنَ said of a garment, It became dirty and dust-coloured. (TA.) 2 دكّن الدُّكَّانَ He made [or constructed] the دُكَّان. (TA.) b2: See also 1.8 إِدْتَكَنَ see 1.

دَكْنٌ and دَكَنٌ: see what next follows.

دُكْنَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ دَكْننٌ and ↓ دَكَنٌ [which last is the inf. n. of دَكِنَ] (TA) A blackish colour; a colour inclining to blackness: (S, K:) or a colour inclining to that of dust; [or brownness; i. e.] a colour between redness and blackness. (TA.) دُكَيْنَآءُ [dim. of دَكْنَآءُ fem. of أَدْكَنُ] A certain small reptile (دُوَّيْبَّةٌ), of such as are termed أَحْنَاش. (K.) دُكَّانٌ A shop; [generally a small chamber, with an open front, along which extends a wide bench of stone or brick;] syn. حَانُوتٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and a دِكَّة [or kind of wide bench, of stone or brick &c., generally built against a wall], (Msb, TA,) upon which one sits, (Msb,) [i. e.] constructed for the purpose of sitting upon it: (TA:) and the like of which is built against a leaning palm-tree, to support it: (As, AHát, Msb:) if used as syn. with حَانُوتٌ, it is masc. and fem.: (Msb:) En-Näwawee affirms it to be masc.: (TA:) accord. to some, (Msb,) a Persian word, [originally دُكَانْ,] (S,) arabicized; (S, Msb, K;) and if so, the ن is a radical letter: (MF, TA:) IKtt and several others say that the ن is a radical, and that the word is derived from the verb first mentioned above: but Es-Sarakustee says that the ن is augmentative accord. to Sb, and in like manner says Akh; and that the word is from the phrase أَكَمَةٌ دكَّآءُ meaning “ an expanded hill: ” (Msb:) the pl. is دَكَاكِينُ. (S, K.) أَدْكَنُ A thing, (S, TA,) [or a garment, (see 1,)] or a horse, (Msb,) of a blackish colour; of a colour inclining to blackness: (S, K:) or of a colour inclining to that of dust; [or brown; i. e.] of a colour between redness and blackness: (Msb, TA:) and a garment dirty and dust-coloured: (TA:) fem. دَكْنَآءُ; (Msb, TA;) applied also to a serpent: pl. دُكْنٌ, applied also to clouds. (TA.) In the following verse, Lebeed applies it as meaning A wine-skin that has become in good condition in respect of its colour and odour by reason of its oldness; (S;) or a blackish, or black, wine-skin: (EM p. 169:) أُغْلِى السِّبَآءَ بِكُلِّ أَدْكَنَ عَاتِقٍ

أَوْ جَوْنَةٍ قُدِحَتْ وَفُضَّ خِتَامُهَا (S, EM:) i. e. I buy wine at a high price, together with every blackish, or black, old, wineskin, or wine-jar smeared with pitch, from which one has ladled out, the sealed clay upon its mouth having been broken. (EM.) b2: ثَرِيدَةٌ دَكْنَآءُ [A mess of crumbled bread moistened with broth] having a large quantity of seeds with which it is seasoned: (K:) [app. because of its colour: but SM says,] as though the said seeds were put one upon another on it. (TA.)

ضرح

1 ضَرَحَهُ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ضَرْحٌ, (S, A, O, L,) He removed it from its place; put it away or aside; pushed, or thrust, it away: (S, A, * O, L, K:) he took it, and threw it away or aside: (L:) he pushed it, or thrust it, away with his foot: (Expos. of the “ Amálee ” of El-Kálee:) [and] ضَرَحَ بِالشَّىْءِ [if not a mistranscription for ضرح الشَّىْءَ] He threw [from him] the thing; and put it away or aside: and ضَرَحَ عَنْهُ الثَّوْبَ He cast off from him the garment. (A.) See also 4. [And see 8.] [Hence] ضَرَحْتُ عَنِّى

شَهَادَةَ القَوْمِ (tropical:) I invalidated the testimony of the people or party, or annulled its claim to credibility, (جَرَحْتُهَا,) and cast it from me, or rejected it: (S, A, O, K: *) said by one against whom false witness has been borne, and who has shown its falseness. (A.) b2: And ضَرَحَتِ الدَّابَّةُ بِرِجْلِهَا, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K, * TA,) inf. n. ضَرْحٌ (S, O) and ضِرَاحٌ, (S, * O, K,) this latter from Sb, (TA,) [but it seems to be implied in the K that the verb with ضِرَاحٌ for its inf. n. has its aor. , as well as this inf. n., like that of كَتَبَ, which I do not think to be the case,] The beast kicked with its hind leg: (S, O, K:) or الضَّرْحُ is with the fore legs; and الرَّمْحُ, with the hind legs. (TA.) One says, فِيهَا ضِرَاحٌ [It has a habit of kicking with the hind leg: or, with the fore leg]; a phrase mentioned by I'Ab. (S.) b3: ضَرَحَ, (S, K,) or ضَرَحَ ضَرِيحًا, (A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. ضَرْحٌ, (S, K,) He dug a ضَرِيح [q. v.], (S, A, Msb, K,) لِلْمَيِّتِ [for the corpse]. (A, * K.) b4: ضَرَحَ, inf. n. ضَرْحٌ, also signifies [He clave the ground; (see ضَرِيحٌ;) and] he split, slit, or rent asunder or open, anything; like ضَرَجَ, with ج: (TA:) but the phrase ضَرَحْنَا البُرُودَ, in a verse of Dhur-r-Rummeh, as some relate it, is expl. by AA as meaning We threw off the [garments called]

برود: others relate it with ج; and in this case he says that it means “ we rent asunder ” or “ open. ” (Az, O, TA.) A2: ضَرَحَ [as though quasipass. of ضَرَحَهُ] signifies also He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote; or removed to a distance; went far away. (L.) [See also 7.] b2: And ضَرَحَتِ السُّوقُ, inf. n. ضُرُوحٌ (O, K, TA) and ضَرْحٌ, (TA,) The market was, or became, stagnant, or dull, with respect to traffic. (O, K, TA.) 3 ضارحهُ i. q. سَابَّهُ and رَامَاهُ; (O, K;) i. e. ضارحهُ and سابّهُ and راماهُ are [all] one [in signification, app. meaning He reviled him, or vilified him, being reviled, or vilified, by him; so that the last seems to be here used tropically]. (TA.) b2: And i. q. قَارَبَهُ [He drew him near to him]; (O, K;) namely, his companion. (O.) b3: Also, inf. n. مُضَارَحَةٌ, He, or it, resembled, and corresponded to, him, or it; syn. ضَارَعَهُ and قَابَلَهُ. (TA. [See الضُّرَاحُ.]) 4 اضرح i. q. أَبْعَدَ: (K:) you say, أَضْرِحْهُ عَنْكَ, (so accord. to two copies of the S,) or ↓ اضْرَحْهُ, (so in one of my copies of the S, [i. e. اِضْرَحْهُ, from ضَرَحَهُ, in my other copy of the S اضْرحْهُ, so that the correct form of the verb in this sense is doubtful,]) meaning أَبْعِدْهُ [i. e. Remove thou, or put far away, him, or it, from thee]. (S.) [In the TA, it is also expl. as meaning دَفَعَ, which is likewise a signification of ضَرَحَ.] b2: And He corrupted, or vitiated, (O, K,) him, or it. (O.) b3: And أَضْرَحْتُ السُّوقَ I made, or found, the market to be stagnant, or dull, with respect to traffic; syn. أَكْسَدْتُهَا. (O, K. *) 7 انضرح It was, or became, wide, or ample. (TA.) You say, انضرح مَا بَيْنَ القَوْمِ The space between the people was, or became, far-extending: like انضرج. (As, S.) b2: Also It split, slit, or rent asunder or open: like انضرج. (TA.) 8 اضطرحوا فُلَانًا They cast such a one aside: (O, * L, TA: [see also 1, first sentence:]) the vulgar say اِطَّرَحُوا, thinking it to be from الطَّرْحُ, whereas it is from الضَّرْحُ: or, accord. to Az, it may be that, in اطّرحوا, the ت of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ is changed into ط, and ض incorporated into it. (L, TA.) ضَرْحٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, A, &c.) b2: بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُمْ ضَرْحٌ means Between me and them is a wide distance, and solitude. (TA.) A2: Also A skin. (O, K.) نِيَّةٌ ضَرَحٌ i. q. بَعِيدَةٌ [app. meaning A distant, or remote, thing, or place, that is the object of an action or a journey: &c.]; (O, K;) as also طَرَحٌ

&c. (O.) b2: ضَرَحٌ applied to a man, Bad, corrupt, or vitious. (El-Muärrij, O, K.) A2: الضَّرَحُ is also used by poetic license for [the inf. n.]

الضَّرْحُ. (O.) ضَرَاحِ, like قَطَامِ, (K, TA,) is a verbal noun like نَزَالِ, (TA,) meaning اِضْرَحْ, (K, TA,) i. e. اُبْعُدْ: you say, ضَرَاحِ عَنْهُ Remove thou to a distance, or go far away, from him, or it. (TA.) الضُّرَاحُ, (O, K, TA,) or, accord. to Mujáhid, ↓ الضَّرِيحُ, (O, TA, *) [The temple called] البَيْتُ المَعْمُورُ, (O, K, TA,) corresponding to, or over against, [i. e. directly over,] the Kaabeh, (O, TA,) in Heaven, (O,) in the Fourth Heaven, (K, TA,) or in the Seventh, or in the Sixth, and said to be beneath the عَرْش, or in the First Heaven: (TA:) accord. to 'Alee, it is entered every day by seventy thousand angels. (O.) قَوْسٌ ضَرُوحٌ A bow that propels the arrow with vehemence; (S, A, K; *) as also طَرُوحٌ [q. v.]. (S and O and K in art. طرح.) And دَابَّةٌ ضَرُوحٌ A beast that kicks with its hind leg (S, K) [or with its fore legs: see 1].

ضَرِيحٌ Distant, or remote: (S, K:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (TA.) b2: Also A trench, or an oblong excavation, in the middle of a grave; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so ↓ ضَرِيحَةٌ: (TA:) in this sense [likewise] of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Msb:) what is termed لَحْدٌ is in the side: (S:) or a grave (K, TA) altogether: (TA:) or a grave without a لَحْد: (K, TA:) pl. ضَرَائِحُ. (Msb.) One says, نَوَّرَ اللّٰهُ ضَرِيحَهُ (A, TA) i. e. [May God illumine] his grave. (TA.) b3: See also الضُّرَاحُ.

ضَرِيحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَضْرَحٌ: see مَضْرَحِىٌّ.

مِضْرَحٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, or other thing, used as a repository for clothes: pl. مَضَارِحُ. (O.) مَضْرَحِىٌّ A hawk, (S, A, O, K,) and a vulture, (A,) having long wings; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ مَضْرَحٌ; (O, K;) but the former is the more common: a hawk of this description is of an excellent kind: (TA:) and to the wings of the vulture of this sort is likened the extremity of the tail of a she-camel with the coarse hairs that are upon it: (Kf, TA:) or white, applied to a hawk and to a vulture; (A;) or thus, applied to a vulture; and sometimes, so applied, black: (Ham p. 95:) or a vulture intensely red [or brown]: (AHát, O:) [and a hawk in which is redness; otherwise it is not thus called: (so in the Deewán of Jereer, accord. to Freytag:)] or i. q. أَجْدَلٌ and صَقْرٌ and قَطَامِىٌّ: (A'Obeyd, TA:) [it is mentioned in the K again in art. مضرح; for,] accord. to some, the م is radical: (TA in art. مضرح:) or, applied to a hawk, it means that darts down sideways; or that thrusts the prey. (Ham ubi suprà.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) A chief, (S, A, O, K,) such as is generous, or noble, (K,) or of ancient (A, O) and generous (O) origin. (A, O.) b3: Also White as an epithet applied to anything. (K.) b4: and (tropical:) Tall, or long. (K, TA.) شَىْءٌ مُضْطَرَحٌ A thing cast aside. (S, K.) Quasi ضرد 8 اِضْطَرَدَ, as though from ضَرَدَ: see 8 in art. طرد.

ضمر

1 ضَمَرَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K;) and ضَمُرَ; (S, Msb, K;) inf. n. ضُمُورٌ, of the former, and ضُمْرٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) of the former also, (A, Mgh,) or of the latter, (Msb,) [also written ضُمُرٌ, (see an ex., voce نَهَارٌ,)] He (a horse, [&c.,] S, A, &c.) was, or became, lean, or light of flesh: (S:) or slender, and lean: (Msb:) or lean, and lank in the belly: (A, K:) or lank in the belly by reason of leanness: (Mgh:) and ↓ اضطمر signifies the same. (S, K.) [See also 5 and 8.] b2: Also, inf. n. ضُمُورٌ, He became lean and weak. (TA.) b3: ضَمُرَ العِنَبُ (assumed tropical:) The grapes became withered, so as to be neither fresh grapes nor raisins. (Sgh.) b4: ضَمَرَتِ الحِنْطَةُ (assumed tropical:) The wheat, being parched over the fire, became contracted and small. (Mgh.) 2 ضمّرهُ, inf. n. تَضْمِيرٌ, He made him (a horse) lean, or light of flesh; [&c.;] as also ↓ اضمرهُ. (S.) b2: He prepared him (i. e. a horse) for racing, [or for a military expedition, (see مُضَمِّرٌ,)] by feeding him with food barely sufficient to sustain him, after he had become fat; as also ↓ اضمرهُ. (Msb:) he fed him with food barely sufficient to sustain him, after he had become fat; as also ↓ اضمرهُ: (K:) or he fed him with fodder so that he became fat, and then reduced him to food barely sufficient to sustain him; which is done during forty days: (S:) or he saddled him, and put on him a housing, in order that he might sweat under it, and so lose his flabbiness, and become firm in flesh; and then mounted upon him a light boy or young man, to make him run, but not to make him go so quick a pace as that which is termed عَنَق; by the doing of which, one becomes in no fear of his losing his breath in running, and a quick run does not cut him short: this (says AM) is what I have seen the Arabs practise; and they term it تَضْمِيرٌ, and also ↓ مِضْمَارٌ. (T, L.) b3: Also He, or it, weakened, and subdued, and diminished, him: and the same signification is assigned to it [tropically] when the objective complement is a word denoting a sensation or passion. (TA.) b4: التَّضْمِيرُ also signifies The plaiting well, and the anointing well, the lock of hair termed ضَمِيرَة. (TA.) 4 أَضْمَرَ see 2, in three places.

A2: اضمرهُ signifies also He determined, or resolved, upon it, فِى ضَمِيرِهِ in his heart, or mind. (Msb.) b2: He conceived it in his heart, or mind. (MA, KL.) b3: He concealed it, syn. أَسَرَّهُ, (A,) or أَخْفَاهُ, (K,) فِى قَلْبِهِ in his heart, (A,) or فى نَفْسِهِ in his mind. (S.) b4: [And hence, He suppressed it, (namely a word or the like,) meaning it to be understood. b5: And hence also اضمر meaning He made use of a pronoun.] b6: And اضمر صَرْفَ الحَرْفِ [He suppressed the vowel of the final letter;] he made the movent [final] letter quiescent. (TA.) b7: and أَضْمَرَتُهُ البِلَادُ (tropical:) The lands, or countries, hid him, by his having travelled far: (A:) and اضمرته الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) the earth hid him, either by reason of travel, or by death. (K, TA.) A3: اضمر is also syn. with اِسْتَقْصَى [q. v.]. (O, K.) [Accord. to the TK, one says اضمر الشَّىْءَ meaning استقصاهُ.]5 تضمّر وَجْهُهُ His face became shrivelled, or contracted, by emaciation. (Sgh, L, K.) 7 انضمر It (a branch, or twig,) became dried up. (TA.) 8 اضطمر: see 1. b2: Also He, (a horse,) after having been fed until he had become fat, was reduced to food barely sufficient to sustain him. (TA.) [See 2.]

ضَمْرٌ: see ضَامِرٌ, in two places. b2: Hence, in the opinion of ISd, as he says in the M, it is also applied to a horse as meaning دَقِيقُ الحَجَاجَيْنِ [i. e. Thin in the bones surrounding, or projecting over, the cavities of the eyes: in the TA, الهجاجين, an obvious mistranscription; and in the TK, الحجاجتين, which is also wrong]: on the authority of Kr: in the copies of the K, الحَاجِبَيْنِ. (TA.) b3: And Narrow; (O, K;) applied to a place. (O.) b4: And i. q. ↓ ضَمِيرٌ [app. in the first of the senses assigned to the latter below]. (O, K: in the CK ضِمِّير.) See also. مُضْمَرٌ.

ضَمْرَانٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ ضُمْرَانٌ (TA) A certain plant, (S, O, K,) of the shrub-kind (مِنْ دِقِّ الشَّجَرِ): (K:) or of the kind called حَمْض: AM says, it is not of the shrub-kind, and has [what are termed] هَدَب [q. v.] like the هَدَب of the أَرْطَى: (TA:) AHn says, it resembles the رِمْث, except that it is yellow (أَصْفَرُ [app. a mistranscription for أَصْغَرُ i. e. smaller]), and it has little wood, [and] the small and dry parts of its branches are fed upon [by the camels] (يُحْتَطَبُ): he adds, on the authority of the ancient Arabs of the desert, that it is [of the kind called] حَمْض, green, lank, pleasing to the camels: and Aboo-Nasr says that it is of the kind called حَمْض. (O.) A2: See also what next follows.

ضُمْرَانُ (A 'Obeyd, S, O, K, TA) and ↓ ضَمْرَان, thus, with fet-h, as said by As on the authority of ISk; each of the names of dogs; (TA;) a name of a male dog; (O, K;) not of a bitch, as J asserts it to be. (K.) A2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

ضِمَارٌ A place, or a valley, that is depressed, concealing him who is journeying in it. (O.) [Accord. to the K, الضِّمَارُ is “ A place; ” i. e. the name of a certain place.] b2: مَالٌ ضِمَارٌ Property of which one hopes not for the return: (K:) or absent property of which one hopes not for the return: (A 'Obeyd, Msb, TA:) if not absent, it is not thus called. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) b3: دَيْنٌ ضِمَارٌ A debt of which the payment is not hoped for: (S:) or for the payment of which no period is fixed. (K, * TA.) b4: عَطَآءٌ ضِمَارٌ A gift that is not hoped for. (A.) b5: وَعْدٌ ضِمَارٌ, (S,) and عِدَةٌ ضِمَارٌ, (A, K, [من العَذابِ in the CK being a mistranscription for مِنَ العِدَاتِ, as in other copies of the K and in the TA, in which latter is added that عِدَات is pl. of عِدَةٌ, which is syn. with وَعْدٌ,]) A promise of which the fulfilment is not hoped for: (S, A:) or of which the fulfilment is delayed. (K.) b6: ضِمَارٌ also signifies Anything of which one is not confident, or sure. (S.) b7: And A debt of which the payment is deferred by the creditor to a future period; or a sale upon credit, in which the payment is deferred to a definite period; or a postponement, or delay, as to the time of the payment of a debt or of the prince of a thing sold &c.; syn. نَسِيْئَةٌ. (Fr, TA.) b8: Also Unseen; not apparent; contr. of عِيَانٌ. (K.) A poet says, censuring a certain man, وَعَيْنُهُ كَالكَالِئِ الضِّمَارِ [And his present gift is a thing not hoped for, like the unseen debt of which the payment is deferred by the creditor:] meaning, his present gift is like the absent that is not hoped for. (TA.) b9: ذَهَبُوا بِمَالِى ضِمَارًا means They took away my property by gaming. (Fr, TA.) A2: Also A certain idol, which was worshipped by El-Abbás Ibn-Mirdás. (O, K, TA. [It is implied in the K that it is with the art. ال; but it is not so accord. to the O and TA.]) ضَمِيرٌ A thing that thou concealest, or conceivest, or determinest upon, (تُضْمِرُهُ,) in thy heart, or mind: (Lth, TA:) a secret; syn. سِرٌّ: (K:) a subst. from أَضْمَرَ فِى نَفْسِهِ شَيْئًا: (S:) pl. ضَمَائِرُ. (S, K.) b2: [Hence used as meaning A pronoun; which is also termed ↓ مُضْمَرٌ, and اِسْمٌ مُضْمَرٌ, lit. a concealed noun, i. e. a noun of which the signification is not shown by itself alone; opposed to مُظْهَرٌ: pl. of the first as above; and of the second مُضْمَرَاتٌ.] b3: See also ضَمْرٌ. b4: And الضَّمِيرُ signifies The heart [itself]; the mind; the recesses of the mind; the secret thoughts; or the soul; syn. قَلْبُ الإِنْسَانِ, and بَاطِنُهُ, (Msb,) or دَاخِلُ الخَاطِرِ: (A, K:) pl. as above, (Msb, K,) the sing. being likened to سَرِيرَةٌ, of which the pl. is سَرَائِرُ. (Msb.) [See also مُضْمَرٌ. And see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سيح, 7th conj.]

A2: Also Withered, or shrivelled, grapes, (O, K,) that are neither fresh grapes nor raisins. (O.) لَقِيتُهُ بِالضُّمَيْرِ is a phrase mentioned by Sgh [in the O] as meaning I met him at sunset: but it is correctly [بِالصُّمَيْرِ,] with the unpointed ص. (TA.) ضَمِيرَةٌ A lock, or plaited lock, of hair, such as is termed ضَفِيرَةٌ and غَدِيرَةٌ: pl. ضَمَائِرُ. (As, TA.) ضَامِرٌ Lean, and lank in the belly; [&c.; see 1;] (A, K;) applied to a he-camel, (K,) and to a horse, as also ↓ ضَمْرٌ, and ↓ مُضَمَّرٌ, and ↓ مُضْطَمِرٌ; (A;) and to a she-camel, (S, A, K,) as also ضَامِرَةٌ; (S;) [and to a man;] ضَامِرٌ applied to a she-camel being regarded as a possessive epithet [signifying ذَاتُ ضُمْرٍ]: (TA:) and ↓ ضَمْرٌ signifies also lank in the belly, and small and slender in person; applied to a man: (S, A, K:) fem. with ة: (A, K:) the pl. of ضَامِرٌ is ضُمَّرٌ. (Ham p.

473.) b2: And A horse in a state of preparation for racing, by his having been fed with food barely sufficient to sustain him, after having become fat: and you say خَيْلٌ ضَامِرَةٌ and ضَوَامِرُ, meaning horses in that state. (Msb.) b3: Applied to grain, it means Thin, or slender: (Mgh:) and to a branch or twig, sapless; dried up; as also ↓ مُنْضَمِرٌ. (K.) ضَوْمَرَانٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ضَوْمُرَانٌ (Msb) and ↓ ضَمْيُرَانٌ (O, Msb, K) and ضَيْمَرَانٌ (Msb) A species of the رَيَاحِين [or sweet-smelling plants]: (S, O:) or of the wild رَيْحَان: (K:) or the رَيْحَان فَارِسِىّ: (Msb, K:) Aboo-Nasr says that the ضيمران is the شَاهَسْفَرَم [or شَاهِسْفَرَم, i. e. basil-royal, or common sweet basil, ocimum basilicum]: AHn says, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, of El-Yemen, that the ضيمران is exactly like the حَوْك [which is one of the names now applied to sweet basil], of sweet odour, and is therefore asserted by some to be the شاهسفرم, but the ضيمران is wild; and he says that some call it ضَوْمَرَان. (O.) ضَيْمُرَانٌ and ضَيْمَرَانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُضْمَرٌ Concealed, (K,) [or conceived,] in the mind. (S.) You say, هَوًى مُضْمَرٌ, meaning Concealed love; as also ↓ ضَمْرٌ; as though the latter were believed to be an inf. n. [used in the sense of a pass. part. n.] from the unaugmented, for the augmented, verb. (TA.) See also ضَمِيرٌ. b2: Also The place of concealment, (K,) [or of conception,] in the mind. (S.) A poet, (S,) ElAhwas Ibn-Mohammad El-Ansáree, (TA,) says, سَتَبْقَى لَهَا فِى مُضْمَرِ القَلْبِ وَالحَشَا سَرِيرَةُ وُدٍّ يَوْمَ تُبْلَى السَّرَائِرُ [There will remain to her, in the hiding-place of the heart and the bowels, a secret love, (lit. a secret of love,) on the day when secrets shall be revealed]. (S, TA.) مُضَمَّرٌ: see ضَامِرٌ.

مُضَمِّرٌ One who prepares his horses, by reducing them to scanty food, (يُضَمِّرُهَا,) for a military expedition or for racing. (TA.) مِضْمَارٌ A training-place in which horses are prepared for racing [or for military service] by being fed with food barely sufficient to sustain them, after they have become fat: (S, * Msb, K: *) [a hippodrome; a place where horses are exercised:] pl. مَضَامِيرُ. (A.) You say, جَرَى فِى

المِضْمَارِ [He ran in the hippodrome, or place of exercise]. (A.) And الغِنَآءُ مِضْمَارُ الشِّعْرِ (tropical:) [app. meaning Singing is that in which the excellences of poetry are displayed, like as the excellences of a horse are displayed in the hippodrome]. (A.) b2: Also The time, of forty days, during which a horse is reduced to food barely sufficient to sustain him, after his having been fed with fodder so that he has become fat; (S, TA;) the time during which a horse is thus prepared for racing or for an expedition against the enemy: pl. as above. (TA.) It is said in a trad., اَلْيَوْمَ مِضْمَارٌ وَغَدًا الْسِّبَاقُ وَالسَّابِقُ مَنْ سَبَقَ الْجَنَّةَ [To-day is a time for training, and to-morrow is the race, and the winner is he who wins Paradise:] i. e., to-day one is to work, in the present world, for the desire of Paradise; like as a horse is trained for racing. (Sh.) [One of the explanations of المضمار in the K is غَايَةُ الفَرَسِ فِى السِّبَاقِ, or, as in the TA, لِلسِّبَاقِ; app. meaning The goal, or limit, of the horse in racing: but in the TA, these words are made to form part of an explanation which I have given before, i. e., the time during which a horse is prepared for racing, &c.]

A2: See also 2.

لُؤْلُؤٌ مُضْطَمِرٌ Contracted pearls: (K:) or pearls having somewhat of contraction in the middle. (S.) b2: See also ضَامِرٌ.

مُنْضَمِرٌ: see ضَامِرٌ, last sentence.

ضبط

1 ضَبَطَهُ, (Lth, IDrd, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, MS, PS,) or ـُ (TA, TK,) inf. n. ضَبْطٌ (IDrd, Msb, K) and ضَبَاطَةٌ, (K,) He kept it, preserved it, guarded it, maintained it, or took care of it, (Lth, S, Msb, K,) namely, a thing, (Lth, S,) with prudence, precaution, or good judgment, (Lth, S, K,) or effectually: (Msb:) and hence, (assumed tropical:) he managed its affairs (namely, the affairs of a country &c.,) thoroughly, soundly, not imperfectly: (Msb:) [he managed it; namely, an affair, and his soul or self, his disposition or temper, &c.:] he kept to it inseparably, or constantly; namely, anything: (Lth:) he took it, or held it, or retained it, strongly, vehemently, or firmly: (IDrd:) and ضَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ [has this last signification, likewise; or signifies simply he detained it, or withheld it, or restrained it, or the like;] i. q. حَبَسَهُ, namely a thing. (TA.) b2: فُلَانٌ لَا يَضْبُطُ عَمَلَهُ [or لا يَضْبِطُهُ] (tropical:) Such a one does not, or will not, act vigorously in his work, or employment, which is committed to him; syn. لَا يَقُومُ بِهِ. (TA.) And ضَبَطَ أَمْرَهُ [He managed his affair thoroughly, or well]. (A in art. بد, &c.) [And ضَبَطَ alone, He (a camel) was strong to work or labour: and he (a man and a camel) was strong, or powerful. (See the act. part. n.)] b3: هُوَ لَا يَضْبُطُ قِرَآءَتَهُ [or لا يَضْبِطُهَا] (tropical:) He does not, or will not, perform well [or accurately] his reading, or reciting. (TA.) b4: [ضَبَطَ لَفْظًا, or كَلِمَةً, (assumed tropical:) He fixed the pronunciation of a word; by adding the syllabical signs, which mode is termed ضَبْطٌ بِالشَّكْلِ, and بِالحَرَكَاتِ, and بِالقَلَمِ; or by stating it to be similar in form, or measure, to another word which is too well known to admit of doubt, which mode is termed ضَبْطٌ بِمِثَالٍ; or by adding the measure, which mode is termed ضَبْطٌ بِوَزْنٍ.] b5: ضَبَطَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He registered, or recorded, [a name, or] a matter of science, [or any other thing,] in a book or the like; syn. قَيَّدَ; (L in art. قيد;) i. q. أَحْصَى; (Jel in xxxvi. 11, and Bd and Jel in lxxviii.

29;) and كَتَبَ. (Bd in lxxviii. 29.) b6: ضَبَطَهُ وَجَعٌ (tropical:) A pain seized him. (TA.) b7: ضُبِطَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The land was rained upon. (IAar, K, TA.) [See also مَضْبُوطٌ.]

A2: ضَبِطَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) inf. n. ضَبَطٌ, (Msb,) He was, or became, ambidextrous; he worked with each of his hands. (S, Msb.) IDrd knew not this verb. (TA.) 5 تضبّطهُ He took it with detention and force. (K, TA.) b2: تضبّطت الضَّأْنُ The sheep obtained somewhat of herbage: or hastened, or were quick, in pasturing, and became strong (K, TA) and fat. (TA.) The Arabs say, إِذَا تَضَبِّطَتِ الضَّأْنُ شَبِعَتِ الإِبِلُ [When the sheep obtain somewhat of herbage, or hasten, &c., the camels become satiated with food]: for the former are called the smaller camels, because they eat more than goats; and when the former become satiated with food, men [and camels] live [in plenty], by reason of the abundance of the herbage. (IAar.) ضَبْطٌ inf. n. of 1. b2: [It is often used as signifying (assumed tropical:) Exactness; correctness; honesty; and faithfulness: and particularly in an author or a relater.]

الضَّبْطَةُ A certain game of the Arabs; (K, TA;) also called المَسَّةُ and الطَّرِيدَةُ. (TA. [See the last of these words.]) رَجُلٌ ضَبَّاطٌ لِلْأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) A man having much care, prudence, or precaution, [or good judgment,] with respect to [the management of] affairs; (TA;) [a man who manages affairs with much care, &c.]

ضَبَنْطًى: see the next paragraph.

ضَابِطٌ [Keeping, preserving, guarding, maintaining, or taking care of, a thing, with prudence, precaution, or good judgment, or effectually: (see 1:) and hence,] (assumed tropical:) one who manages his affairs with prudence, precaution, or good judgment; or soundly, taking the sure course therein, and exercising caution, or care, that they may not become beyond his power of management: (S, TA:) [keeping to anything inseparably, or constantly: (see, again, 1:)] taking, holding, or retaining, a thing strongly, vehemently, or firmly; applied to a man; as also ↓ ضَبَنْطًى: (IDrd:) or the latter of these, (S,) which is like حَبَنْطًُى, (K, [in some copies of the K erroneously written without tenween,]) the ن being augmentative, to render the word quasi-coordinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ; (S;) or both; applied to a man and to a camel; (K;) strong, or powerful: (S, K:) or [a man] great in might, or valour, and power, and body: (T, TA:) and the former, a camel strong to work or labour: and in like manner, applied to a man, ضَابِطُ الأُمُورِ (tropical:) the strong [and resolute or firm-minded] in the performance or management of affairs. (TA.) See also أَضْبَطُ. b2: [It often signifies (assumed tropical:) Exact; correct; or accurate; (like مُحَقِّقٌ, with which it is said to be syn. in Har p. 254;) and honest; and faithful: and particularly as applied to an author or a relater.]

A2: As a conventional term, ضَابِطٌ, (Msb in art. قعد,) or ↓ ضَابِطَةٌ, pl. ضَوَابِطُ, (TA,) is syn. with قَاعِدَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) signifying (assumed tropical:) A universal, or general, rule, or canon: (Msb:) or a ضابط is one that comprises subdivisions of one class only; whereas a قاعدة comprises [sometimes] subdivisions of various classes. (Kull, p. 290.) ضَابِطَةٌ A place in land, or in the ground, to which the rain-water flows, and which retains it; syn. مَسَّاكَةٌ. (TA.) A2: See also ضَابِطٌ, last sentence.

أَضْبَطُ [More, and most, strong, or firm, of hold]. It is said in a prov., أَضْبَطُ مِنْ ذَرَّةٍ [More strong, or firm, of hold than a little ant]: because it drags along a thing several times larger than itself, and sometimes both fall from a high place, and the ant does not let go the thing. (K.) and أَضْبَطُ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ بْنِ عَثْمٍ; (K;) so accord. to Hamzeh and Abu-n-Nedà; but accord. to ElMundhiree, عَابِسَة; (Sgh;) [More strong, or firm, of hold than 'Áïsheh the son of 'Athm; or than 'Ábiseh;] because he laid hold of the tail of a young she-camel, and pulled her by it out of a well into which she had fallen. (K.) And أَضْبَطُ مِنَ الأَعْمَى [More strong, or firm, of hold than the blind]. (TA.) b2: Ambidextrous; who works with each of his hands; (S, Mgh, Msb;) i. q. أَعْسَرُ يَسَرٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) who works with his left hand like as he works with his right; an explanation given by the Prophet; as also that next following; (AO, TA;) who works with both his hands: (AO, K:) fem. ضَبْطَآءُ. (S.) b3: الأَضْبَطُ The lion; (K;) who makes use of his left paw like as he makes use of his right; but some say that he is so called because he seizes his prey vehemently, and it hardly, or never, escapes from him; (TA;) as also ↓ الضّابِطُ. (K.) ضَبْطَآءُ is also applied as an epithet to a lioness; and to a she-camel. (TA.) مَضْبُوطٌ [pass. part. n. of ضَبَطَ in all its senses. b2: In the present day often used as signifying Well-regulated; exact; correct; honest; and faithful.] Applied to a book, or writing, (tropical:) Having its defects, faults, or imperfections, rectified. (TA.) [Applied to a word, (assumed tropical:) Having its pronunciation fixed, by any of the means described above in one of the explanations of the verb.] b3: بَلَدٌ مَضْبُوطٌ بِالمَطَرِ (tropical:) A country covered by the rain: so in the A: in the O, أَرْضٌ مَضْبُوطَةٌ (tropical:) land rained upon in common, or throughout its whole extent. (TA.) [See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.]

ضبن

1 ضَبَنَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. ضَبْنٌ, He put him, or it, (i. e. a man, or another thing,) above his ضِبْن [q. v.]. (TA.) [See also what next follows.]4 اضبنهُ He put it in his ضِبْن, (S, K, TA,) or on his ضِبْن; (TA;) or he took it beneath his ضِبْن, i. e. his حِضْن [or the part between his armpit and flank]: (A'Obeyd, TA:) and ↓ اضطبنهُ signifies the same. (S, K, TA.) b2: And He straitened him, or it, (K, TA,) by putting him, or it, beneath his side. (TA.) 8 اضطبنهُ: see 4. b2: Also He took him, or it, with his hand, and raised him, or it, to a little above his navel. (TA.) ضِبْنٌ The part between the armpit and the كَشْح [or flank]; (S, K, TA;) or the حِضْن [which generally means as above]; (A'Obeyd, TA;) [or] the part, of the side, between the armpit and the حِضْن [which is here evidently used as syn. with كَشْح]: (S:) or the armpit [itself]: so says Ibn-El-Faraj: like ضِبْرٌ: (TA in art ضبر:) or the armpit and the part next to it: or the uppermost part of the side: or the part beneath the كَشْح [or flank] and beneath the armpit: or the part between the خَاصِرَة [or flank] and the head [or crest] of the hip. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A side of a road: one says, أَخَذَ فِى ضِبْنٍ مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) He took a side of the road: pl. أَضْبانٌ. (TA.) b3: And هُوَ فِى ضِبْنِ فُلَانٍ means (assumed tropical:) He is in the quarter, or protection, of such a one; as also ↓ فى ضِبْنَتِهِ. (TA.) b4: [The pl.] أَضْبَانٌ signifies also (tropical:) The narrow places (مَضَايِق) of the جَمَل [an evident mistranscription for جَبَل i. e. mountain]. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) Places abounding with beasts of prey: (K, TA:) sing. ضِبْنٌ. (TA.) b6: And الضِّبْنُ signifies (assumed tropical:) That [place, or ground,] which renders people impotent, or helpless, to dig it. (K.) ضَبَنٌ Deficiency, or a falling short. (K, TA.) مَكَانٌ ضَبِنٌ A narrow place. (S.) ضَبْنَةٌ and ضُبْنَةٌ: see what next follows.

ضِبْنَةٌ and ↓ ضَبِنَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ ضَبْنَةٌ and ↓ ضُبْنَةٌ (K) The household, or family, (S, K, TA,) of a man, (S,) and [his] relations, or servants, or other dependents: (TA:) or the cattle, and household, or family, that are under one's authority, and which he minds, or to which he attends, and the maintenance whereof is incumbent on him. (IAth, TA.) And A travelling-companion, or travellingcompanions, in whom is no profit, or advantage, (K, TA,) being only such as he who travels with him, or them, has the burden of supporting. (TA.) A2: See also ضِبْنٌ.

ضَبِنَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ضبانة [app. ضِبَانَةٌ, like بِطَانَةٌ, which is one of its syns.,] A man's particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates, and his aiders, or assistants, and kinsfolk. (TA.)

غيب

1 غَابَ, (S, O, Mgh, Msb, TA,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. غَيْبَةٌ [the most common form] (S, O, Mgh, Msb, K) and غَيْبٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and غَيَابٌ, (S, O,) or غِيَابٌ, (Msb, K,) and غُيُوبٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and غُيُوبَةٌ (O, K) and غَيْبُوبَةٌ, (O, K,) accord. to some of the measure فَعْلُولَةٌ, but accord. to others of the measure فَيْعَلُولَةٌ i. e. originally غَيَّبُوبَةٌ, (MF,) and مَغِيبٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَغَابٌ; (K;) and ↓ تغيّب; (Msb, K;) He, or it, was, or became, absent; غَابَ being the contr. of حَضَرَ; (S and K in art. حضر;) or distant, or remote; (Mgh;) or hidden, concealed, or unapparent; (TA;) [or absent from the range, or beyond the reach, of perception by sense, or of mental perception: see غَيْبٌ.] You say, غاب عَنْهُ, inf. n. غَيْبَةٌ (S, Mgh, TA) &c., as above, (S, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, [absent from him; or] distant, or remote, from him; (Mgh;) or hidden, or concealed, from him; [&c.;] as also ↓ تغيّب. (TA.) And أَوْحَشَتْنِى غَيْبَةُ فُلَانٍ [The absence of such a one has made me to feel lonely]: and أَطَلْتَ غَيْبَتَكَ [Thou hast made thine absence to be long]. (A.) And ↓ أَنَا مَعَكُمْ لَا أُغَايِبُكُمْ [I am with you: I will not be absent from you]. (A.) And بَنُو

أَحْيَانًا ↓ فُلَانٍ يَشْهَدُونَ أَحْيَانًا وَيَتَغَايَبُونَ (ISk, S, TA) i. e. [The sons of such a one are present sometimes] and are absent (يَغِيبُونَ) sometimes: but one does not say ↓ يَتَغَيَّبُونَ [unless with عَنْ following it]: (TA:) [it seems, however, that يتغيّبون, here, is a mistranscription for يَتَغَيَّبُونَنَا or the like; for] one says, عَنِّى فُلَانٌ ↓ تغيّب [Such a one was, or became, absent from me; or absented himself from me]; (S, K, * TA;) and ↓ تَغَيَّبَنِى also in a case of necessity in verse, (S, K, TA,) but not in any other case, (K, TA,) accord. to the generality of authorities except the Koofees: (TA:) Imra-el-Keys says, فَظَلَّ لَنَا يَوْمٌ لَذِيذٌ بِنَعْمَةٍ

فَقُلْ فِى مَقِيلٍ نَحْسُهُ مُتَغَيِّبِى

[thus in my copies of the S and in the TA; but we should read مُتَغَيِّبِ, whether it mean مُتَغَيِّبِى or not, as is shown by what follows: the verse may be rendered, So a delightful day, with ease and comfort, betided us: and say thou, of a place of midday-sleep whereof the ill luck was absent from me,. . .]: but Fr says that the word متغيّب is marfooa, [i. e. that the right reading is مُتَغَيِّبُ, meaning simply absent,] that the verse is مُكْفَأ [or made faulty in the termination], and that it is not allowable to make that word refer to مَقِيلٍ, like as it is not allowable to say مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ أَبُوهُ قَائِمٍ. (S, TA. [One might be tempted to suppose that we should read فَقِلْ; but this would not suit the context, which see in Ahlwardt's “ Divans of the six ancient Arabic poets,”

p. 119.]) b2: [غاب, inf. n. غَيْبَةٌ, is also said of the mind (القَلْب), meaning (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, absent. The inf. n. (غَيْبَةٌ) is often used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Absence of mind; and particularly, from self and others by its being exclusively occupied by the contemplation of divine things: see an ex. voce شَوًى; and another voce سَكِينَةٌ.] b3: مَا غَابَ عَنْهُ ابْنُ أَبِى قُحَافَةَ (assumed tropical:) [Ibn-Abee-Koháfeh was not a stranger to it, i. e. was not unacquainted with it,] occurs in a trad. respecting a satirical saying of Hassán against [the tribe of] Kureysh; meaning that Aboo-Bekr [the son of Aboo-Koháfeh] was skilled in genealogies and traditions, and that it was he who instructed Hassán. (TA.) b4: and one says also, غاب الرَّجُلُ, inf. n. غَيْبٌ and مَغِيبٌ; and ↓ تغيّب; The man journeyed; and went away, or far away. (TA.) b5: And غابت الشَّمْسُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. غِيَابٌ and غَيْبُوبَةٌ (Mgh, Msb, TA) and غَيْبَةٌ (Mgh) and غُيُوبٌ and غُيُوبَةٌ and مَغِيبٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تغيّبت; (Msb;) The sun set: (S, Msb, TA:) and the like is also said of the moon, (Msb,) and of other celestial bodies. (TA.) b6: And غاب الشَّىْءُ فِى الشَّىْءِ, inf. n. غِيَابَةٌ and غُيُوبَةٌ and غِيَابٌ and غَيَابٌ and غِيبَةٌ, [The thing became hidden, or concealed, in the thing.] (K.) A2: See also 8, in two places.2 غيّبهُ (S, Msb, TA) He caused him, or it, to become absent, or to disappear; or he hid, or concealed, it, عَنْهُ from him. (TA.) See also غَيَابٌ. b2: And see 8.3 مُغَايَبَةٌ signifies The being absent, &c., one from the other. (KL.) See also 1, former half. b2: Also The addressing words to another [in his absence,] not in his presence, not face to face; (KL;) contr. of مُخَاطَبَةٌ. (S, TA.) [You say, اغابت, inf. n. as above, He held a verbal communication with him in his absence, i. e. by means of a letter or letters, or by a messenger or messengers.]4 اغابت She (a woman) had her husband, (S, Msb, TA,) or one of her family, (TA,) absent from her. (S, Msb, TA.) 5 تَغَيَّبَ see 1, in seven places. b2: The inf. n. تَغَيُّبٌ occurring in a trad. respecting the contract for the sale of a slave means The selling a stray slave, or one who has been found and whose owner is not known. (L, TA.) 6 تَغَاْيَبَ see 1, former half.8 اغتابهُ [He spoke evil of him; or did so in his absence, i. e. backbit him; (the latter being obviously the primary signification;) not always, though generally, meaning with truth:] he spoke evil of him in his absence; (TA;) or said of him, in his absence, what would grieve him (S, TA) if he heard it; (S;) with truth: (S, TA:) he carped at him behind the back, or in absence, by saying what would grieve him, (بِمَا ↓ تَنَاوَلَهُ بِظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ يَسُوؤُهُ,) of what was [reprehensible] in him: (TA:) or he spoke of him imputing to him what he disliked, of vices, or faults, with truth: (Msb:) when the charge is false, it is termed بُهْتَانٌ: (S, Msb, TA:) or he attributed, or imputed, to him a vice, or fault, or the like; and mentioned him with what was in him of evil; (K, TA;) or said of him what would grieve him: (TA:) and ↓ غَابَهُ signifies the same: (K, TA:) [so does ↓ غيّبهُ: (see Ksh in civ. 1:) that اغتابهُ does not always signify he spoke evil of him, or the like, in his absence, appears from several instances, such as the phrases المُغْتَابُ فِى الوَجْهِ (K in art. لمز) and المُغْتَابُونَ بِالحَضْرَةِ (IAar, TA in that art.): nor does it always signify he spoke evil of him, or the like, with truth; for the verb is used in the Ksh and by Bd and Jel in civ. 1 having for its object the Prophet:] IAar says that ↓ غاب is syn. with اغتاب, and signifies he mentioned a man with the imputation of good or of evil. (TA.) [It may also mean He expressed, or signified, an evil opinion of him by making signs with the side of the mouth, or with the eye, or with the head, or otherwise; as is indicated in the TA in arts. لمز and همز.]

غَابٌ: see غَابَةٌ, in three places.

غَيْبٌ Whatever is absent, or hidden, from one; (S, A, Msb, K, TA;) as though it were an inf. n. used in the sense of the act. part. n. [in which the meaning of a subst. is predominant]; (TA;) and so ↓ غَائِبٌ, which [in this sense] is a subst., like كَاهِلٌ, (K, TA,) or an act. part. n. used in the sense of a subst.: (MF:) anything that is absent, or hidden, from the eyes; invisible, unseen, or unapparent; whether it be, or be not, perceived in the heart, or mind: (IAar, TA:) [or anything unperceivable; absent from the range, or beyond the reach, of perception by sense, or of mental perception; or undiscoverable unless by means of divine revelation; a mystery, or secret, such as an event of futurity;] a thing that has been hidden from men, and with which the Prophet has acquainted them, of the events of the resurrection and of Paradise and of Hell &c.; thus in the Kur ii. 2; (Zj, TA;) and [hence] Zj explains الغَيْب as meaning, in the Kur lxxxi. 24, that which has been revealed: (TA in art. ضن:) pl. غُيُوبٌ. (Msb.) [See also the Ksh and Bd in ii. 2.] [Hence, عَالَمُ الغَيْبِ The world of the unseen; the invisible world.] And [hence also] one says, رَجَمَ بِالغَيْبِ [and قَذَفَ بِالغَيْبِ (see art. قذف)] He spoke of that which he did not know: (Ham p. 494:) and قَالَ رَجْمًا بِالغَيْبِ He said conjecturally, [or speaking of that which was hidden from him or unknown by him,] without evidence, and without proof. (Msb in art. رجم, q. v.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Doubt, or a doubting: (K:) but some disapprove this: some regard it as tropical: and some pronounce it correct: (MF, TA:) pl. غِيَابٌ and غُيُوبٌ. (K.) A poet says, أَنْتَ نَبِىٌّ تَعْلَمُ الغِيَابَا لَا قَائِلًا إِفْكًا وَلَا مُرْتَابَا [Thou art a prophet, knowing doubts, or things doubted; not saying a lie, nor a thing suspected: or, more probably, the meaning is, the things unseen]. (TA.) b3: Also A place, in the ground, that hides, or conceals, one: (TA:) a low, or depressed, place in the ground, or in a tract of land: (S, K, TA:) or any place such that one knows not what is in it: and a place such that one knows not what is behind it: (Sh, TA:) pl. غُيُوبٌ. (TA.) Hence the phrase عَنْ ظَهْرِ غَيْبٍ in a verse of Lebeed cited voce ظَهْرٌ, q. v. (TA.) [Hence also] one says, سَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا مِنْ وَرَآءِ الغَيْبِ i. e. [I heard a sound, or voice,] from [behind] a place that I saw not. (A, TA.) And تَنَاوَلَهُ بِظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ بِمَا يَسُوؤُهُ: see 8. And تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غَيْبٍ (A) or عَنْ ظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ (TA, and A and O in art. ظهر) [app. He spoke of it by memory; in the absence of a book or the like; as one says in modern Arabic, عَلَى الغَائِب. See also ظَهْرٌ.]

b4: Also The خَمْصَة [i. e. pit, or depression, as is shown by what here follows, (thus in the A, and in the Ksh in ii. 2, in the TA حُفْرَة, which has a similar meaning,)] that is in the place where the kidney is situate, (Ksh, A, TA,) and which swells up when the beast becomes big in the belly: so says ISh: (Ksh ubi suprà:) or the خَمْصَة that is next to the kidney: (Bd in ii. 2: [De Sacy doubted respecting its meaning, but conjectured that it might be thus: see his Anthol. Gramm. Arabe p. 55:]) pl. غُيُوبٌ: one says, شَرِبَتِ الدَّابَّةُ حَتَّى

وَارَتْ غُيُوبَ كُلَاهَا, (ISh, Ksh ubi suprà, A, TA,) meaning هُزُومَهَا [i. e. The beast drank until it concealed the pits of its kidneys]. (A, TA.) b5: and Fat: (K, TA:) i. e. the fat of the ثَرْب [q. v.] of a sheep or goat: so called because it is hidden from the eye. (TA.) A2: See also غَائِبٌ.

غَيَبٌ: see غَائِبٌ, in two places.

غَابَةٌ is originally [غَيَبَةٌ] of the measure فَعَلَةٌ, with fet-h to the ع. (Msb.) It signifies A low, or depressed, place, or a hollow in the ground, (El-Hawázinee, K, TA,) before which, or in the way to which, (دُونَهَا,) is an eminence. (El-Hawá- zinee, TA.) b2: And (K) i. q. أَجَمَةٌ: (S, K, TA:) [i. e.] A bed of canes or reeds: (AHn, Msb, TA:) and [a thicket, wood, or forest; like أَجَمَةٌ;] a collection of trees, (AHn, ISd, TA,) densely disposed; so called because it conceals what is in it: (ISd, TA:) or a tall أَجَمَة, having high, or very high, extremities [app. to its canes or reeds]: (TA:) pl. غَابَاتٌ (Msb, TA) and [coll. gen. n.]

↓ غَابٌ. (S, Msb, TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A long spear (K, TA) that has extremities like those of the أَجَمَة [expl. above]: (TA:) [but I think that this addition in the TA correctly applies to غَابَةٌ signifying a number of spears, like a bed of canes or reeds, or like a forest; agreeably with two of the explanations here following:] or a spear that quivers in the wind: (K, TA:) or (tropical:) numerous spears, like abundant and dense trees: (A:) or an assemblage of spears; app. so called as being likened to a غابة meaning an أَجَمَة of dense trees: (ISd, TA:) pl. غَابَات and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ غَابٌ. (TA.) One says, أَتَوْنَا فِى غَابَةٍ i. e. (tropical:) [They came to us] amid numerous spears, like abundant and dense trees: (A:) or غابة may be used in this case in the sense here following. (TA.) b4: And A company, or congregated body, of men: (Aboo-Jábir ElAsadee, K, TA:) pl. غَابَاتٌ and [coll. gen. n.]

↓ غَابٌ. (TA.) غَيْبَةٌ an inf. n. [See 1, in several places.] b2: Also, and ↓ غَيَابَةٌ, A low, or depressed, piece of land or ground: so in the phrases وَقَعْنَا فِى غَيْبَةٍ and غَيَابَةٍ [app. meaning We lighted upon a low, or depressed, piece &c.; or perhaps the meaning may be we fell into &c.]. (S.) b3: See also غَيَابَةٌ.

غِيبَةٌ the subst. from اِغْتَابَهُ: (Msb:) it signifies [Evil speech respecting a person; or such speech in his absence; not always, though generally, meaning with truth:] evil speech respecting a person in his absence; (TA;) or a saying of him, in his absence, what would grieve him (S, TA) if he heard it; (S;) with truth: (S, TA:) or speech respecting a person imputing to him what he dislikes, of vices, or faults, with truth: (Msb:) when it is false, it is termed بُهْتَانٌ: (S, Msb, TA:) or an imputing to a person a vice, or fault, or the like; and a mentioning him with what is in him of evil; (K, TA;) or a saying of him what would grieve him: (TA:) or it may be speech imputing good or evil. (K, * TA.) غَيِبَانٌ or غَيْبَانٌ, [accord. to different copies of the K, between which the TA does not enable us to decide with certainty, as it only states, with respect to the ى, that it is مُخَفَّفَة, which may mean either the contr. of doubled or the contr. of movent, though the former is the more general meaning, (in the TA it is said to be erroneously written in a copy of the K with a final ت instead of ن,)] and ↓ غَيِّبَانٌ, The roots of trees, (K, TA,) that are hidden from view: or, accord. to AHn, the غيبان and ↓ غيّبان and ↓ غَيَابَة, of plants, or herbage, are, with the Arabs, what the sun has not shone upon: and accord. to Aboo-Ziyád ElKilábee, the غيبان and ↓ غيّبان of plants, or herbage, and also of their roots, are what is con-cealed from the sun, so as to be not shone upon by it. (L, TA.) غَيِّبَانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

غَيَابٌ A thing that hides, or conceals, a thing from one: (Meyd:) and hence, (Meyd, TA,) a grave; (S, Meyd, TA;) and so ↓ غَيَابَةٌ: (TA:) one says, غَيَابُهُ ↓ غَيَّبَهُ (S, Meyd, TA) and ↓ غَيَابَتُهُ (TA) meaning دُفِنَ فِى قَبْرِهِ (S, Meyd, TA) [i. e. May he be buried in his grave]: an imprecation of death against the man. (Meyd.) غَيَابَةٌ The part of anything that veils, or conceals, one. (K.) And hence, (K,) The bottom of a جُبّ [or well]; (S, K, * TA;) or this, accord. to some, is the primary signification; as also ↓ غَيْبَةٌ, accord. to one reading, in the Kur xii. 10; (TA;) [and غَيَايَةٌ;] and of a valley; (S, TA;) &c.: (TA:) pl. غَيَابَاتٌ. (K, TA.) [And A covert, or place of concealment, of birds. (See ظِلَالَةٌ.)] See also غَيَابٌ, in two places: and غَيْبَةٌ. b2: and see غَيِبَانٌ.

غَائِبٌ act. part. n. of 1 [signifying Absent; distant, or remote; and hidden, concealed, or unapparent; or absent from the range, or beyond the reach, of perception by sense, or of mental perception]: pl. (applied to men, K, TA) غُيَّبٌ and غُيَّابٌ (S, Msb, K) and غَائِبُونَ (K) and ↓ غَيَبٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) or rather the last is a quasi-pl. n., (TA,) and ↓ غَيْبٌ, [which is also properly speaking a quasi-pl. n.,] like صَحْبٌ: (Msb [in which غَيَبٌ is not mentioned]:) the ى in ↓ غَيَبٌ remains unchanged, notwithstanding the two fet-hahs, because it is likened to صَيَدٌ, and, although it is a pl. [in signification] and صَيَدٌ is an inf. n., it may be used as meant for an inf. n. (S, TA.) b2: See also غَيْبٌ, first sentence. b3: Also A run in which a horse reserves [somewhat of his force for the time of need]. (A in art. شهد: see شَاهِدٌ.) مَغِيبٌ [an inf. n.: b2: and also a n. of place and of time, signifying] The place [and the time] of setting of the sun and of the moon [&c.]. (Msb.) مُغِيبٌ and مُغِيبَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) or you say مُغِيبَةٌ [only], with ة, and [in the contr. sense]

مُشْهِدٌ, without ة, (IDrd, S,) and مُغْيِبٌ (K) and ↓ مُغَيِّبٌ, (TA,) A woman having her husband (or one of her family, TA) absent from her. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) مُغَيّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

غير

1 غَارَ أَهْلَهُ, (S, Msb,) and غار لَهُمْ, (TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. غِيَارٌ (S, Msb) and غَيْرٌ, (Msb, TA,) i. q. مَارَهُمْ, (S, Msb, TA,) i. e. He brought, or conveyed, to his family, مِيرَة [or a provision of corn, or wheat, &c.] (Msb.) [See also art. غور.]

b2: And He benefited them. (S, K, * TA.) 'AbdMenáf Ibn-Riba El-Hudhalee says مَا ذَا يَغِيرُ ابْنَتَىْ رِبْعٍ عَوِيلُهُمَا [What will their loud weeping benefit, or avail, the two daughters of Riba?] meaning that their weeping for their father will not avail them aught in lieu of seeking his blood-revenge. (S, TA.) Yousay غَارَهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ, (S, K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (God) bestowed upon them abundance of the produce of the earth, and rain; (TA in art. غور;) like as you say أَعْطَاهُمْ خَيْرًا: (S, K:) and so غارهم بِرِزْقِ [He bestowed upon them means of subsistence]. (TA.) And اَللّٰهُمَّ غِرْنَا بِخَيْرٍ (S, Msb) O God, benefit us with prosperity. (Msb.) And غَارَهُمْ بِمَطَرٍ He (God) watered them with rain, (S, K, TA,) and bestowed upon them abundance of the produce of the earth. (TA.) And غَارَ الأَرْضَ الغَيْثُ The rain watered the land. (Fr, S.) [See also art. غور.]

A2: غَارَهُ, aor. ـِ (AO, S, K,) inf. n. غَيْرٌ, (TA,) He gave him the bloodwit; (AO, S, K;) as also غارهُ, aor. ـُ (AO, S, TA;) مِنْ أَخِيهِ [for his brother]: and so ↓ غيّرهُ. (TA.) [See غِيرَةٌ.]

A3: غَارَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ, (S,) or على امْرَأَتِهِ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. غَيْرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) with fet-h, (S, Msb, TA,) and غَيْرٌ and غَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and غِيَارٌ, (K,) [He was jealous of his wife:] he was jealous for her (مِنْ فُلَانٍ of such a one: Mgh): [he was careful of her, to avoid suspicion: or he regarded her conduct with disdain, scorn, or indignation: (see غَيْرَةٌ, below:) or] he was angry at the conduct, or action, of his wife. (Msb.) And غَارَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ [His wife was jealous of him: &c.]. (M, b, K.) [See also art. غور.] And you say also, فُلَانٌ لَا عَلَى أَهْلِهِ ↓ يَتَغَيَّرُ, meaning لَا يَغَارُ [Such a one is not jealous of his wife: &c.]. (TA.) 2 غيّر الشَّىْءَ, (S, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَغْيِيرٌ, (Msb,) He made the thing other than it was; (K;) made it cease to have the quality which it had; (Msb;) altered it; changed it. (K.) He, or it, altered, or changed, the thing in odour, or otherwise, for the worse; corrupted, tainted, or infected, it; rendered it ill-smelling, stinking, fetid, rancid, rank, fusty, or frouzy. (The lexicons passim.) It is said in the Kur [viii. 55], ذٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللّٰهَ لَمْ يَكُ مُغَيِّرًا نِعْمَةً أَنْعَمَهَا عَلَى قَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ [This was because God changeth not favour which He hath conferred upon a people until they change what is in themselves: or] until they change what God hath commanded them to do. (Th, TA.) b2: [And He exchanged the thing for another thing.]

b3: غيّر الشَّيْبَ He plucked out the white, or hoary, hairs. (TA.) b4: غيّر عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ He put down the saddle from his camel, and put it to rights, or adjusted it, or repaired it. (TA.) One says تَرَكَ القَوْمَ يُغَيِّرُونَ He left the people putting to rights, or adjusting, or repairing, the camels' saddles. (S, TA.) A2: See also 1, latter half.3 غَاْيَرَ [غَايَرَا, inf. n. مُغَايَرَةٌ, They differed, each from the other.] You say بَيْنَهُمَا مُغَايَرَةٌ Between them two is a difference. (Msb.) [See also 6.]

A2: غايرهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُغَايَرَةٌ, (S,) He bartered, or exchanged, with him, in buying and selling. (S, K.) And غايرهُ بِالسِّلْعَةِ, inf. n. as above, He bartered, or exchanged, the article of merchandise with him. (TA.) And غاير السِّلْعَةَ, (TA,) inf. n. غِيَارٌ, (S, K, TA,) He exchanged the article of merchandise. (S, * K, * TA.) El-Aashà says فَلَا تَحْسِبَنِّى لَكُمْ كَافِرًا وَلَا تَحْسِبَنِّى أُرِيدُ الغِيَارَا [Therefore do thou by no means think me ungrateful towards you; and do thou by no means think I desire the making an exchange]. (S, TA.) 4 اغار أَهْلَهُ [He made his wife jealous;] he married another in addition to his wife, so she became jealous (غارت): (As, A'Obeyd, Msb, K:) belonging to this art. and to art. غور. (TA.) 5 تغيّر quasi-pass. of غيّر, (S, Msb,) [It became other than it was;] it ceased to have the quality which it had; (Msb;) it became altered, or changed, عَنْ حَالِهِ, from its state or condition. (K.) It became altered, or changed, in odour, or otherwise, for the worse; turned, or turned bad; became corrupted, spoiled, tainted, infected, illsmelling, stinking, fetid, rancid, rank, fusty, or frouzy. (The lexicons passim.) b2: [And It became exchanged for another thing.] b3: See also 1, last signification.6 تغايرت الأَشْيَآءُ The things differed, one from another. (S.) 8 اغتار He procured مِيرَة [a provision of corn, or wheat, &c.]. (K.) You say خَرَجَ يَغْتَارُ لِأَهْلِهِ He went forth to procure ميرة for his family. (Fr, Sgh.) b2: He derived, or obtained, benefit, advantage, or profit. (TA.) See also art. غور.

غَيْرٌ signifies i. q. سِوًى [Other]: and the pl. is أَغْيَارٌ: (S:) [but غَيْر itself often has a pl. meaning, as will be seen in what follows:] or [accord. to general usage, as will be seen below,] غَيْرُ signifies i. q. سِوَى [other than; exclusively of; or not, as used before a substantive or an adjective]. (Msb, K: in the CK [erroneously] سِوًى.) It is used to qualify a subst.; [governing (as a prefixed noun) the noun that follows it in the gen. case;] and when so used, it is put in the same case as the noun preceding it. (S.) It qualifies an indeterminate noun: (Mughnee, Msb:) you say جَآءَنِى رَجُلٌ غَيْرُكَ [A man, other than, or not, thou, came to me]: (Msb:) and نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا غَيْرَ الَّذِى كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ [We will in that case do good, other than, or not, what we used to do: (Kur xxxv. 34:)]: (Mughnee:) and مِنْ مَآءٍ غَيْرِ آسِنٍ

[Of water other than, or not, altered in taste and colour]. (Kur xlvii. 16.) It is a noun necessarily prefixed, as to the sense, to a noun which it governs in the gen. case: but sometimes it is without the latter, when the meaning is understood and it is preceded by لَيْسَ, (Mughnee, K,) or by لَا: (K:) [in which case it signifies Any other person or thing; any person or thing beside, or else:] you say قَبَضْتُ عَشَرَةً لَيْسَ غَيْرُهَا [I received ten; not other than they was received by me; i. e., not any other thing; or not anything beside, or else]; (Mughnee, K;) the enunciative, مَقْبُوضًا, being suppressed: (Mughnee:) and ليس غَيْرَهَا, (Mughnee, K;) the noun [of ليس] being understood; i. e., لَيْسَ المَقْبُوضُ غَيْرَهَا: (Mughnee:) and ليس غَيْرَ; in which the affixed noun [ for المضاف, in the K, I read المضاف اليه, as in the Mughnee,] is suppressed, and the noun [of ليس] is also understood: (Mughnee, K:) and ليس غَيْرُ; (Mughnee, K;) in which, accord. to Mbr, and the later authors, غير is indecl., being likened to قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ, so that it may be either the noun or the enunciative [of ليس] or, accord. to Akh, it is decl., because it is not a noun of time like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ, nor of place like فَوْقُ and تَحْتُ, but like كُلٌّ and بَعْضٌ, so that it is the noun [of ليس], and the enunciative is suppressed; (Mughnee;) or it may be either indecl. or decl., (Mughnee, K,) accord. to Ibn-Kharoof: (Mughnee:) and ليس غَيْرًا, and ليس غَيْرٌ; (Mughnee, K;) in both which cases it is decl., as though the affixed noun were mentioned: (Mughnee:) and لَا غَيْرُ; for the saying, [which we find in the Mughnee,] app. taken from a statement of Seer, that this is incorrect, is not good, since it occurs in the following verse, cited by Ibn-Málik; جَوَابًا بِهِ تَنْجُو اعْتَمِدْ فَوَرَبِّنَا لَعَنْ عَمَلٍ أَسْلَفْتَ لَا غَيْرُ تُسْأَلُ [Aim thou at having an answer by which thou mayest be safe; for, by our Lord, respecting an action which thou shalt have done before, not any other thing, or not anything beside or else, thou wilt be asked]. (K.) b2: It does not become determinate by its being prefixed to another noun, because it is very vague: but it is also applied as an epithet to a determinate noun which is near to being indeterminate; as in صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ [The way of those upon whom Thou hast conferred favour; the other than, or those who are not, the objects of anger; (Kur i. 6 and 7;)] because the noun rendered determinate by the art. ال denoting a genus is near to being indeterminate, and because when غير occurs between two contraries its vagueness becomes weakened, (Mughnee, K, *) or altogether departs: (K:) or it is here applied as an epithet to a determinate noun because it resembles a determinate noun in its being prefixed to such a noun: (Msb:) Az says that غير is here in the gen. case because it is an epithet to الذين; and that it may be an epithet to [what is technically termed in this instance] a determinate noun [as having the article ال prefixed to it] because الذين has not [in itself] a direct meaning (لِأَنَّ الَّذِينَ غَيْرُ مَصْمُودٍ صَمْدُهُ), [it being merely a conjunct noun, the meaning of which is determined by what follows it,] notwithstanding it has the art. ال prefixed to it: Abu-l-'Abbás says that Fr holds الذين to have the office of an indeterminate noun; and غير to be an epithet of it; not of any other noun; but that غير, accord. to some, may be an epithet relating to the nouns implied in انعمت عليهم, these not having a direct meaning: Akh says that غير [with what follows] is a substitute [for الذين with what follows], as though the meaning were صِرَاطَ غَيْرِ المَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ [the way of those who are not the objects of anger]. (TA.) The reading غَيْرَ is also related, on the authority of Ibn-Ketheer, in the accus. case, as a denotative of state, [meaning they being not the objects of anger,] relating to the pronoun governed in the gen. case by the prep. [in عليهم]; or by أَعْنِى [I mean] understood; or as an exceptive, [accord. to a usage to be explained below,] if the favours be interpreted as conferred in common upon the two classes of persons. (Bd.) b3: As it resembles a determinate noun in its being prefixed to a determinate noun, [as المغضوب in the above-cited passage of the Kur,] some have presumed to prefix to it the article ال: but against this it may be urged, that its prefixion to a determinate noun is not to render the expression determinate, but for specification; and ال does not imply specification. (Msb.) b4: In the following verse of Hassán, أَتَانَا فَلَمْ نَعْدِلْ سِوَاهُ بِغَيْرِهِ نَبِىٌّ بَدَا فِى ظُلْمَةِ اللَّيْلِ هَادِيَا the meaning is, [A prophet came to us, who appeared in the darkness of night, a director in the right way,] and we did not weigh another than him with another than the other, i. e., with him. (Mughnee.) b5: [وَغَيْرُ ذٰلِكَ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning Et cœtera.] b6: غَيْرُ is also used in the sense of لَيْسَ [He, or it, is not]; as in the phrase كَلَامُ اللّٰهِ غَيْرُ مَخْلُوقٍ [The word of God is not created], syn. لَيْسَ بِمَخْلُوقٍ. (Az, TA.) b7: It is also used in the sense of لَا [meaning Not, as used before a participle]; (S, K;) and then it is in the accus. case, as a denotative of state; (S;) as in the phrase فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍ, (S, K,) in the Kur [ii. 168, and other places], (S,) i. e., جَائِعًا لَا بَاغِيًا [But whosoever is necessitated, being hungry, not transgressing the due bounds]. (S, K.) b8: It is also used as an exceptive, (S, Mughnee,) in the sense of إِلَّا [Except; save; or but]; (Msb, K;) and then it is put in the same case in which the word following إِلَّا would be put in the same phrase, (S, Mughnee, Msb, K,) because it is originally a qualificative, and its use as an exceptive is adventitious: (S:) therefore you say جَآءَ القَوْمُ غَيْرَ زَيْدٍ [The people came, except Zeyd]; and مَا جَآءَنِى أَحَدٌ غَيْرَ زَيْدٍ and غَيْرُ زَيْدٍ [Not any one came to me, except Zeyd]: (Msb, K:) or its case depends upon the governing words, so that you say مَا قَامَ غَيْرُ زَيْدٍ

[No one stood, except Zeyd], and مَا رَأَيْتُ غَيْرَ زَيْدٍ

[I saw not any, except Zeyd]: (Msb:) but Fr says that some of the Benoo-Asad and Kudá'ah put غير in the accus. case, when used in the sense of إِلَّا, whether the phrase before it be complete or incomplete; saying مَا جَآءَنِى غَيْرَكَ [Not any one came to me, except thou], and ما جاءنى أَحَدٌ غَيْرَكَ [Not any one came to me, except thou]: (S, Msb:) and AA says that when غير has the place of إِلَّا, it is put in the accus. case. (Msb.) In the saying لَا إِلٰهَ غَيْرُ اللّٰهِ [There is no deity other than God], غير is in the nom. case because it is the enunciative of لا; but it may be put in the accus. case, as meaning إِلَّا. (Msb.) When, as an exceptive, it is prefixed to an indecl. word [and not preceded by a prep.], it may be itself indecl., with fet-h for its termination; as in the following verse; لَمْ يَمْنَعِ الشُّرْبَ مِنْهَا غَيْرَ أَنْ نَطَقَتْ حَمَامَةٌ فِى غُصُونٍ ذَاتِ أَوْقَالِ [Nought prevented the drinking from it, except that a pigeon cooed, upon branches having اوقال, which app. means stumps of cut shoots]. (Mughnee, K.) [See also an ex. (of غَيْرَ أَنَّ) in a verse cited voce بَيْدَ.] b9: [It is often used with a prep.; as in بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ Without reckoning; (Kur ii. 208, &c.;) and مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوْءٍ Without leprosy. (Kur xx. 23, &c.)]

A2: غَيْرٌ (JK, K) and (JK) ↓ غِيَرٌ (JK, S) signifying The act of altering, or changing, i. q. تَغْيِيرٌ, (JK,) are substs. from غَيَّرَهُ; (S with respect to the latter, and K with respect to the former;) not inf. ns., as having no unaugmented verb. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] الدَّهْرِ ↓ غِيَرُ, the former of these two words being of the same measure as عِنَب, The accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune, which alter, or change, things: (K:) [or alteration, or change, of time or of fortune; for] IAmb says, with respect to the saying لَا أَرَانِى اللّٰهُ بِكَ غِيَرًا [May God not show me, in thee, alteration of state], that غِيَرٌ is from تَغَيُّرُ الحَالِ, a subst. like قِطَعٌ [as meaning “ a portion of the night ”]; or that it may be a pl., of which the sing. is ↓ غِيْرَةٌ. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] بَنَاتُ غَيْرٍ [or ↓ غِيَرٍ, as in Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 309,] (tropical:) Lying: or a lie, or falsehood: syn. كَذِبٌ: (TS, K:) or [rather] lies. (JK, A.) You say جَآءَ بِبَنَاتِ غَيْرٍ [or ↓ غِيَرٍ] (tropical:) He uttered lies. (A.) غِيَرٌ: see غَيْرٌ, last quarter, in four places: b2: and see also غِيرَةٌ.

غَيْرَةٌ [Jealousy;] a man's dislike of another's participating in that which is his [the former's] right: (Kull p. 268:) or care of what is sacred, or inviolable, to avoid suspicion: or disdain; scorn; or indignation: syn. حَمِيَّةٌ and أَنَفَةٌ: (TA:) or anger at the conduct, or action, of a wife. (Msb.) [See 1, last signification.]

غِيرَةٌ A provision of corn, or wheat, &c., which a man procures for himself; syn. مِيرَةٌ; (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ غِيَارٌ: (TA:) [or the latter is probably syn. with مِيرَةٌ used in the sense of an inf. n.:] pl. of the former غِيَرٌ. (Msb.) [See art. غور.]

A2: See also غَيْرٌ, last sentence but two. b2: Also A bloodwit; (AA, S, K;) syn. دِيَةٌ: (AA, S: *) and غِوَرٌ is a dial. var. thereof: (TA in art. غور:) pl. ↓ غِيَرٌ: (AA, S, K:) or, as some say, this is a sing., (S, TA,) of the masc. gender; TA;) and the pl. is أَغْيَارٌ: (S, TA:) and the دِيَة is said to be termed غِيَرٌ because it is a substitute for retaliation. (TA.) غَيْرَانُ; fem. غَيْرَى: see غَيُورٌ, in two places.

غِيَارٌ The cognizance, or badge, of the free nonmuslim subjects of a Muslim government; such as the زُنَّار [or waist-belt] (Mgh, K) to the Magians, (Mgh,) and the like: (Mgh, K:) or, as some say, the cognizance, or badge, of the Jews. (TA.) b2: كَلامٌ بِغِيَارِهِ (assumed tropical:) Speech, or language, having its own proper guise; not altered therefrom. (Msb in جلف.) A2: See also غِيرَةٌ.

غَيُورٌ and ↓ غَيْرَانُ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ غَيَّارٌ (TA) and ↓ مِغْيَارٌ (S, K) epithets [all of which are intensive] from غَارَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e., from الغَيْرَةُ: (TA:) [Very jealous: &c.: see غَيْرَةٌ:] and غَيُورٌ and غَيْرَى (S, Msb, K) and غَيَّارَةٌ (TA) signify the same applied to a woman: (S, Msb, K:) the pl. of غَيُورٌ is غُيُرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) masc. and fem., (S, K,) and he who says رُسْلٌ [for رُسُلٌ] says غُيْرٌ [or غِيرٌ?]; (TA;) and of ↓ غَيْرَانُ, غَيَارَى and غُيَارَى; (S, Msb, K;) and of غَيْرَى, also, غَيَارَى (S, Msb, K) and غُيَارَى; (Msb;) and of ↓ مِغْيَارٌ, مَغَايِيرُ. (S, K.) غَيَّارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَغْيَرُ مِنَ الحُمَّى [More jealous than fever:] because a fever cleaves fast to its patient, like as a very jealous woman cleaves to her husband. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مَغِيرَةٌ and ↓ مَغْيُورَةٌ, Land watered: (S, K:) or rained upon: (TA:) the former [like the latter] is with fet-h to the م. (S.) مُغَيِّرٌ One who puts down the furniture of his camel from off him, to relieve and ease him. (TA.) مِغْيَارٌ: see غَيُورٌ, in two places.

ارض مَغْيُورَةٌ: see مَغِيرَةٌ.

غرس

1 غَرَسَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. غَرْسٌ, (S, Msb,) He planted it, or fixed it in the ground; (A, K;) namely, a tree; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اغرسهُ, (Zj, A, K,) inf. n. إِغْرَاسٌ. (A.) b2: [Hence,] غَرَسَ فُلَانٌ عِنْدِى نِعْمَةً (tropical:) Such a one established, or settled, in my possession, a benefaction, or boon. (TA.) And غَرَسَ المَعْرُوفَ (tropical:) He did good, or what was beneficent or kind. (IKtt, TA.) 4 أَغْرَسَ see the preceding paragraph.

غَرْسٌ, [originally an inf. n.,] i. q. ↓ مَغْرُوسٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) i. e., A tree planted; [and used as a subst., meaning a set;] (A, K;) as also ↓ غِرْسٌ, (A,) and ↓ غِرَاسٌ: (Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَغْرَاسٌ and [of mult.] غِرَاسٌ (K) [and accord. to general analogy غُرُوسٌ: see عُشُقٌ]. And A twig that is plucked from a garden and then planted: (TA:) and غِرَاسٌ, (S, A,) which is its pl., (A,) shoots, or offsets, of palm-trees, which are cut off from the mother-trees, or plucked forth from the ground, and planted; (S, K;) as also ↓ غَرِيسَةٌ: (TA:) or ↓ this last signifies one of such shoots or offsets from the time when it is put into the ground until it takes hold: (IDrd, K: *) or a palm-tree when it first grows: (S, K:) or a palm-tree recently planted: (A:) and the same word also signifies a grape-vine when first planted: (TA:) and a date-stone that is sown: (Abu-lMujeeb and El-Hárith Ibn-Dukeyn:) and its pl. is غَرَائِسُ (A, TA) and غِرَاسٌ, which latter is extr. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَنَا غَرْسُ يَدِكَ and يَدِكَ ↓ غِرْسُ (tropical:) [I am the creature of thy hand]: and نَحْنُ غَرْسُ يَدِكَ and أَغْرَاسُ يَدِكَ (tropical:) [We are the creatures of thy hand]; غَرْسٌ being an inf. n. [used in the sense of a pass. part. n. both sing. and pl. agreeably with a general rule]; and أَغْرَاسٌ being pl. of غِرْسٌ in the sense of مَغْرُوسٌ. (A.) And فُلَانٌ غَرْسُ نِعْمَتِهِ (tropical:) [Such a one is the creature of his (another's) beneficence]. (TA.) غِرْسٌ: see غَرْسٌ, in two places.

A2: Also The membrane that encloses the child; syn. مَشِيمَةٌ: (IAar, S in art. شيم:) or the membrane, or thin skin, that comes forth with the child from the belly of its mother: (Az, TA:) or that is upon, or over, the head of the new-born child: (A:) or what comes forth upon, or over, the face: (TA:) or what comes forth with the child, resembling mucus: or the membrane, or thin skin, that is upon, or over, the face of the young one of a camel at the birth, and which, if left upon it, kills it: (S, K:) pl. أغْرَاسٌ. (K.) غِرَاسٌ The act of planting trees. (A.) b2: [Hence,] هٰذَا مَسْقَطُ رَأْسِهِ وَمَكَانُ غِرَاسِهِ (tropical:) [This is the place of his birth, (lit., of the falling of his head,) and the place of his plantation]. (A.) A2: The time of planting: (S, K:) or this is termed وَقْتُ الغِرَاسِ, (A,) or زَمَنُ الغِرَاسِ. (Msb.) A3: See also غَرْسٌ [of which it is a syn. and a pl.]. b2: Accord. to Kr, Abundance of the trees called عُرْفُط. (TA.) غَرِيسَةٌ: see غَرْسٌ, in two places. b2: غَرِيسَةُ is a proper name for The female slave [as being planted in a family]. (Sgh, K.) مَغْرِسٌ A place of planting: pl. مَغَارِسُ. (TA.) b2: Hence, metaphorically, (tropical:) A woman, or wife. (Har p. 502.) b3: [Hence also the saying,] اُطْلُبِ الخَيْرَ فِى مَغَارِسِهِ (tropical:) [Seek thou good in the persons in whom it is naturally implanted]; as also, فِى

مَغَارِزِهِ. (A and TA in art. غرز.) مَغْرُوسٌ: see غَرْسٌ.

غوط

1 غَاطَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, TA,) inf. n. غَوْطٌ, (S, Msb, K,) It entered, or sank, (S, Msb, K, TA,) into (فِى) a thing; (S, K, TA;) as, for instance, the foot into sand; (S, TA;) and a man into mud, (TA,) or into water; (Msb;) and into a valley; (TA, in this art. and in art. غيط; in the former expl. by اِنْغَمَسَ;) and غَاطَ, aor. ـِ (S, TA,) inf. n. غَيْطٌ, (K,) signifies the same: (S, K:) both also signify he, or it, became hidden, (As, and K in art. غيط,) in the ground. (As.) You say also, غَاطَتْ أَنْسَاعُ النَّاقَةِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The plaited thongs of the she-camel clave to her belly, and so entered, or sank, therein. (TA.) And غَاطَتِ الأَنْسَاعُ فِى دَفِّ النَّاقَةِ The plaited thongs caused their impressions to be visible in the side of the she-camel. (TA.) b2: It (a place) sank, or became depressed, in the ground. (ISh.) And It (anything) descended, or sloped downwards, in the ground. (TA.) b3: Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, He dug, excavated, or hollowed out. (TA: and in some copies of the K, الغَوْطُ is expl. by الحَفْرُ; but the reading given in the TA, in that instance, is الحُفْرَةُ.) A2: غُطْ غُطْ means Be thou with the جَمَاعَة [i. e. the mass, or main body], (IAar, O, K,) who are termed the غَاط, (O,) [be thou with them, not with the factious,] when فِتَن [i. e. factions, &c.,] come. (IAar, O, K.) 2 غوّط, inf. n. تَغْوِيطٌ, He gobbled [food]: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K: *) or gobbled largely, or in large mouthfuls: (K, * TA:) from غَوْطٌ meaning ثَرِيد. (TA.) A2: And تَغْوِيطٌ signifies also The making a well deep. (K. [See also 4.]) 4 أَغْوَطَ He made deep a well. (Fr, O, TA. [See also 2.]) 5 تغوّط (tropical:) He voided excrement, or ordure. (S, Msb, K, TA. [In the CK, اَنْدىٰ is put by mistake for ابدى.]) 6 تَغَاوَطَا فِى المَآءِ They two vied, or contended, each with the other, in plunging, or diving, in the water. (K, * TA.) 7 انغاط It (a branch, or twig, or the like,) bent. (O, K.) غَاطٌ: see غَائِطٌ.

A2: الغَاطُ signifies also الجَمَاعَةُ [meaning The mass, or main body, of the people]. (O, K.) One says, مَا فِى الغَاطِ مِثْلُهُ [There is not in the mass, or main body, of the people, the like of him]. (O, TA.) غَوْطٌ A hollow, cavity, pit, or the like, dug, or excavated, in the ground; syn. حُفْرَةٌ. (So in the K, accord. to the TA, on the authority of AA: but in some copies of the K, الغَوْطُ in this instance is expl. by الحَفْرُ: see 1, last sentence.) See also غَائِطُ.

A2: And i. q. ثَرِيدٌ [Crumbled bread moistened with broth]. (O: in the K ثَرِيدَة.) غَيْطٌ: see غَائِطٌ, latter half.

غَوْطَةٌ A [low, or depressed, place, or hollow, such as is called] وَهْدَة, in the ground. (ISh, K.) [See also غَائِطٌ.]

غُوطَةٌ A place comprising water and herbage: whence غُوطَةُ دِمَشْقَ, (Har pp. 130, et seq.,) i. e. the city, or district, of Damascus, (K,) which is a place abounding with water and trees. (S.) بِئْرٌ غَوِيطَةٌ A deep well. (TA.) غَائِطٌ A wide, depressed piece of ground or land, (ISh, S, O, Msb, K,) but not much depressed, and in some instances having acclivities [bordering it]; (ISh;) sometimes, as they assert, a league (فَرْسَخ) in extent, and having in it meadows; (AHn;) and ↓ غَاطٌ and ↓ غَوْطٌ signify the same; (O, K;) or the last is more depressed than the غائط: (IDrd, O:) and غائط is also applied to a valley: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَغْوَاطٌ, (S, Msb, K,) or this is pl. of غَوْطٌ, (IB,) and [of mult.] غِيطَانٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is pl. of both these sings., (IB,) and غُوطٌ (S, Msb, K) and غِيَاطٌ. (K.) b2: Hence, (tropical:) A place in which one satisfies a want of nature; the custom being to do so in a depressed place, where one is concealed. (S, * Msb, * TA.) In the Kur [iv. 46, or v. 9], accord. to an extraordinary reading, it is written ↓ غَيْط, [a form now commonly used, and signifying a garden, but there meaning a privy place,] the original form of which may be غَيْوِط, and then غَيِّط, [and then غَيْط,] it being contracted; or, accord. to Abu-l- Hasan, the ى may be originally و, these two letters being in this instance interchangeable. (IJ.) You say, أَتَى الغَائِطَ, (S, TA,) and ضَرَبَ الغَائِطَ, (TA,) (tropical:) He satisfied a want of nature; (S, TA;) voided excrement, or ordure. (TA.) b3: And hence, (S, TA,) (tropical:) Human excrement, or ordure: (S, K, TA:) because they used to cast it away in a غائط: or because they used to go thither to satisfy a want of nature. (TA.)