طبق

1 طَبڤقَ [طَبَقَهُ, aor. ـِ accord. to Freytag, is expl. in the K as syn. with أَطْبَقَهُ in the first of the senses assigned to this latter below: but I find no authority for this in the K nor in any other lexicon.]

A2: طَبِقَتْ يَدُهُ, (S, O, K, TA,) aor. ـَ and طَبَقَبْ, aor. ـُ (TA;) inf. n. (of the former, S, TA) طَبَقٌ (S, O, K, TA) and (of the latter, TA) طَبْقٌ; (K, TA;) (assumed tropical:) His arm would not be stretched forth; (S, O;) or (tropical:) stuck to his side, (K, TA,) and would not be stretched forth. (TA.) A3: طَبِقَ يَفْعَلُ بِى كَذَا i. q. طَفِقَ [i. e. He set about, or began, &c., doing with me such a thing]. (O, K. *) 2 طبّقهُ, inf. n. تَطْبِيقٌ: see 4. b2: [Hence,] طبّق السَّحَابُ الجَوَّ The clouds covered the mid-air between the heaven and the earth: (K:) and الغَيْمُ السَّمَآءَ ↓ أَطْبَقَ and طَبَّقَهَا [The clouds covered the sky]: (Mgh, TA:) both signify the same. (TA.) And طبّق المَآءُ وَجْهَ الأَرْضِ The water covered the face of the earth, or land. (K.) b3: And طبّق الشَّىْءُ, inf. n. as above, i. q. عَمَّ [The thing was, or became, common, or general, in its relation or relations, operation or operations, effect or effects, &c.]. (K.) And as syn. with عَمَّ it is trans.: so in the phrase, هٰذَا مَطَرٌ طَبَّقَ الأَرْضَ [This is rain that has included the general extent of the land within the compass of its fall]. (TA.) And one says also, طبّق الغَيْمُ, (S, O, TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, O, K, TA,) The clouds rained upon the whole of the land; (S, O;) or made their rain common, or general, (K, TA,) to the land. (TA.) b4: تَطْبِيقٌ also signifies The making a thing to suit, match, tally, conform, correspond, or agree, with another thing. (KL.) b5: [And طبّق بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ He put the two things together, face to face. (See also 3.) b6: Hence,] التَّطْبِيقُ in the divinely-appointed act of prayer is The putting the hands [together, palm to palm,] between the thighs in the act of bowing oneself; (S, O, K;) and in like manner in the act termed التَّشَهُّد [q. v.]. (El-Harbee, TA.) One says of a person bowing himself in prayer, طبّق, and likewise ↓ اطبق, (TA,) or طبّق كَفَّيْهِ, (Mgh,) or طبّق بَيْنَ كَفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُمَا بَيْنَ فَخِذَيْهِ, (O,) He put his hands [together, palm to palm, ana then put them] between his thighs. (Mgh.) The doing thus is forbidden; (Mgh, O;) for the hands should be placed upon the knees. (O.) b7: Also The horse's raising his fore feet together and putting them down together in running: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to As, the leaping of a camel, or of a she-camel, and then alighting so that the legs fall upon the ground together; the doing of which is not approved. (TA.) b8: And طبّقت الإِبِلُ الطَّرِيقَ (tropical:) The camels travelled the road without declining from the right direction. (TA. [The verb is there written without any syll. sings; but is evidently thus.]) b9: And طبّق السَّيْفُ, (S, O, TA,) [i. e. طبّق السَّيْفُ المَفْصِلَ,] inf. n. as above, (K,) The sword hit the joint (S, O, K, TA) and severed the limb: (S, O, TA:) or fell between two bones. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, El-Farezdak, praising El-Hajjáj, and likening him to a sword, (O,) يُصَمِّمُ أَحْيَانًا وَحِينًا يُطَبِّقُ [expl. in art. صم]. (S, O.) Hence, يُطَبِّقُ المَفْصِلَ means (assumed tropical:) He hits aright the argument, proof, or evidence: (S, O:) and this is also said of an eloquent man. (Az, TA voce قَالَبٌ, q. v.) Hence also, طَبَّقَ alone, (assumed tropical:) He hit upon the right mode of judicial decision: (O, TA:) and the text of the tradition. (TA.) 3 مُطَابَقَةٌ signifies The putting a thing upon, or above, or over, another thing commensurate therewith: whence the phrase, طَابَقْتُ النَّعْلَ [i. e., as expl. in Bd lxvii. 3, I sewed another sole upon the sole or sandal]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [Hence] one says also, طَابَقْتُ بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ I made the two things commensurate, and stuck them together. (S, O. [See also 2.]) And طابق بَيْنَ قَمِيصَيْنِ He put on, or attired himself with, two shirts, one over, or outside, the other; (K, TA;) and in like manner صَافَقَ بَيْنَهُمَا, and طَارَقَ, (TA,) and ظَاهَرَ. (A &c. in art. ظهر.) b2: And طابقهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُطَابَقَةٌ (S, O, K, TA) and طِبَاقٌ, (K, TA,) It suited, matched, tallied, conformed, corresponded, or agreed, with it; (S, * O, * K, TA;) and was equal to it; or was like it in measure, size, quantity, or the like. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] one says, هٰذَا جَوَابٌ يُطَابِقُ السُّؤَالَ [This is an answer, or a reply, that is suitable to the question]. (TA.) b4: And طابقت زَوْجَهَا She (a woman) complied with [the desire of] her husband: and طابقت said of a she-camel, and of a woman, She was, or became, submissive to him who desired her. (TA.) b5: And طابق لِى بِحَقِّى He obeyed me with respect to my right, or due, and hastened to render it; or he acknowledged to me my right, or due, willingly. (TA.) b6: And طابقهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ He combined with him, and aided him, to do the thing: or [simply] he aided him to do it. (TA.) b7: And طابق عَلَى العَمَلِ He became accustomed, habituated, or inured, to the work. (S, * O, * TA.) b8: مُطَابَقَةٌ, of a horse, (S, O, K,) in his running, (S, O,) and in like manner of a camel, as in the A, (TA,) means His putting his hind feet in the places that were those of his fore feet. (S, O, K.) b9: And (hence, TA) (tropical:) The walking as one shackled; (S, O, K, TA;) i. e., with short steps. (TA.) [See an ex. voce حِجْلٌ.]4 اطبقهُ He covered it; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ طبّقهُ, inf. n. تَطْبِيقٌ; (K;) [i. e.] he made it to be covered; (S, O;) he put the طَبَق, i. e. cover, upon it, namely, a jar [or the like]. (Mgh. [And the like is said in several other arts. in other lexicons.]) And اطبقتُ الرَّحَى I put the upper mill-stone upon the lower. (TA.) b2: See also 2, second sentence. [This last ex. shows that اطبقهُ signifies sometimes It covered it as meaning it became a cover, or like a cover, to it; and اطبق عَلَيْهِ likewise has this meaning; as also عليه ↓ انطبق, and عليه ↓ تطبّق.] b3: [Hence,] one says, اطبق عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ (Msb, TA) (assumed tropical:) Insanity covered [i. e. veiled, or wholly obscured,] his reason, or intellect. (TA.) And اطبقت عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى (Mgh, O, TA) (tropical:) The fever was, or became, continual upon him, not quitting him night nor day. (TA.) b4: اطبقوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ means (tropical:) They combined consentaneously, or agreed together, respecting, or to do, the thing, or affair; (S, * Mgh, * O, * Msb, TA; *) and so عَلَيْهِ ↓ تطابقوا. (MA.) b5: And اطبقوا عَلَيْهِ They came round about him. (MA.) b6: [And اطبقت عَلَيْهِ الحَيَّةُ The serpent wound itself round upon him. (See طَبَقٌ, last sentence.)] b7: And اطبقت النُّجُومُ The stars appeared, and were numerous; (O, K, TA;) [as though they were like a cover; or] as though they were stage above stage (طَبَقَةٌ فَوْقَ طَبَقَةٍ). (TA.) b8: [اطبقهُ عَلَيْهِ signifies He made it to cover it; i. e., to be a cover, or like a cover, upon it.] You say, أَطْبَقَ عَلَى مَخْرَجِ الحَرْفِ مِنَ اللِّسَانِ مَا حَاذَاهُ مِنَ الحَنَكِ [He made to cover the part of the tongue which was the place of utterance of the letter what was opposite to it of the palate; i. e. he put that part of his tongue close beneath the opposite part of the palate]. (O.) b9: [Hence,] أَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِمُ العَذَابَ, said of God, (tropical:) He made punishment to fall, or come, upon them in common, or universally, [as though He made it to cover them,] so that none of them escaped. (Jel in xci. 14.) b10: And أَطْبَقَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, and الجُنُونَ, (assumed tropical:) God made the fever to be continual upon him, and in like manner insanity: the verb being used as intrans. and trans. (Msb. [But its author adds that he had not found this: meaning that he had not found any classical authority for the trans. use of the verb in this and similar senses.]) b11: One says also, اطبق البَابَ [He closed the door]. (Msb and K in art. وصد; &c.) And أَطْبِقْ شَفَتَيْكَ [Close thy lips;] i. e. (assumed tropical:) be thou silent. (TA.) [And اطبق الكِتَابَ He closed, or shut, the book. And اطبق الثَّوْبَ He folded together the garment, or piece of cloth.] See also 2, in the middle of the paragraph.

A2: مَا أَطْبَقَهُ How skilful is he (O, K) لِكَذَا [for the performance of such a thing]! (O) is form طَبَّقَ المَفْصِلَ. (JK.) 5 تطبّق: see 7. b2: تطبّق عَلَيْهِ: see 4. [Hence,] one says, لَوْ تَطَبَّقَتِ السَّمَآءُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ مَا فَعَلْتُ كَذَا [If the heaven became as a cover upon the earth, I would not do such a thing]. (S, O.) 6 تطابق الشَّيْآنِ The two things suited, matched, tallied, conformed, corresponded, or agreed, each with the other; (S, * O, * TA;) and were equal, each to the other; or were like each other in measure, size, quantity, or the like. (TA.) And تطابقوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ: see 4.7 انطبق It was, or became, covered; (O, K;) [i. e.] it was made to be covered;] or it had the طَبَق, i. e. cover, put upon it;] quasi-pass. of أَطْبَقَهُ; (O;) and so ↓ تطبّق. (S, O, K.) b2: [And It became closed; said of a door, &c. b3: Hence,] يَنْطَبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الكَلَامُ i. q. يَنْغَلِقُ (assumed tropical:) [Speech is as though it were closed against him; i. e. he is impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tonguetied]. (O.) b4: See also 4. b5: [Hence one says of a rule, يَنْطَبِقُ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا (assumed tropical:) It applies to such and such things or subjects.]

طَبْقٌ: see an ex. of the accus. case, in the phrase وَلَدَتِ الغَنَمُ طَبْقًا, voce طَبَقٌ, last quarter.

A2: طَبْقٌ is also expl., by IAar, as meaning The doing wrong, or injuring, by false pretence or false allegation. (TA.) طِبْقٌ: see طَبَقٌ, in the latter part of the former half. b2: طِبْقُ الأَرْضِ: see طِبَاقٌ. b3: هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ طِبْقُ هٰذَا, (IAar, O, K, *) and ↓ طَبَقُهُ, and ↓ طِبَاقُهُ, (IAar, * O, * K,) and ↓ طَبِيقُهُ, (IAar, O, K,) and ↓ طَابَقُهُ, and ↓ مُطْبَقُهُ, (IAar, O, TA,) i. q. ↓ مُطَابِقُهُ [i. e. This thing is the match of this; or what suits, matches, tallies, conforms, corresponds, or agrees, with this; what is equal to this; or the like of this in measure, size, quantity, or the like]. (IAar, O, K, TA.) b4: طِبْقٌ signifies also A space, or period, (سَاعَةٌ,) of the day; and so ↓ طِبْقَةٌ: and ↓ طَبِيقٌ signifies the same of the night: (K:) you say, أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ طِبْقًا مِنَ النَّهَارِ, and ↓ طِبْقَةً, I remained at his abode during a space, or period, (سَاعَةً,) of the day: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) and طِبْقًا, (K, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) or ↓ طَبَقًا, (so in the O,) and ↓ طَبِيقًا, i. e. a while, or a long time, syn. مَلِيًّا: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or, accord. to the L, one says, أَتَانَا بَعْدَ طِبْقٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ, and ↓ طَبِيق, he came to us after a space, or period, (حِينٍ,) of the night; and in like manner, مِنَ النَّهَارِ of the day: (TA:) the pl. of طَبِيقٌ is طُبْقٌ. (K.) [See also طَبَقٌ, in, or near, the middle of the paragraph.]

A2: Also Bird-lime; a dial. var. of دِبْقٌ. (IDrd, O, K.) And The fruit of a certain kind of tree [app. meaning the berries of the viscum, or mistletoe, of which birdlime is mostly prepared, and which are called دِبْق in the present day]. (K.) And Anything with which a thing is stuck, or made to stick. (K.) And [particularly] A thing [or substance] to which the exterior lamina of the pearl is stuck so that it becomes like it; as also ↓ مُطَبَّقٌ. (TA.) b2: And Snares for birds, or things with which birds are caught; (Ibn-'Abbád, O;) like فِخَاخ; as also طِبَقٌ; of which [latter] the sing is ↓ طِبْقَةٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) A3: Also A road, or way: A4: and i. q. دَسْتُور [as a Pers\. word, generally meaning Permission, or leave, as expl. by Golius in this instance]. (KL. [But for these two significations I have not found any other authority.]) طَبَقٌ A thing that is the equal of another thing (Msb, K) of any kind (K) in its measure so that it covers the whole extent of the latter like the lid: this is its primary signification: (Msb:) [whence] one says, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ طَبَقُ هٰذَا, like طِبْقُهُ, q. v.: (IAar, O, K:) and [hence] it signifies The cover, or lid, (Mgh, K,) of a jar, (Mgh,) or of anything: (K:) pl. أَطْبَاقٌ (S, * O, * K) [and طِبَاقٌ, mentioned in the Msb as a pl. of طَبَقٌ in another, but similar, sense, which will be found in what follows, but better known as a pl. of طَبَقَةٌ], and أَطْبِقَةٌ is added as another pl. in the K, but [SM says] this is strange; I have not found it in the [other] lexicons; and it may be that the right reading is وَأَطْبَقَهُ, as syn. with what immediately there follows it, i. e. وَطَبَّقَهُ. (TA.) وَافَقَ شَنٌّ طَبَقَهْ is [a prov.] expl. (O, K, TA) by As (O, TA) as said of a company of men who had a receptacle of skin [i. e. a water-skin] that had become old and worn out, wherefore they made a طَبَق [or cover] for it: (O, K, TA:) [so that the meaning is, A water-skin that had become old and worn out suited its cover:] or شَنٌّ and طَبَقٌ [in the O طبقه] were two tribes; (S, * O, K * TA;) and, as ISd says, شَنٌّ does not here mean a water-skin, for this has no طَبَق: (TA:) or [طَبَقَهٌ is for طَبَقَةَ, and] طَبَقَةُ was an intelligent woman, whom an intelligent man took as his wife. (O, K, TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 800.]) b2: Also A certain household utensil; (Msb;) [i. e. a dish, or plate; perhaps thus called because the cover of a cooking-vessel is often used as a dish or plate;] the thing upon which one eats, (K, TA,) and in which one eats; and the thing upon which fruit is placed [i. e. a dish, or plate, used for that purpose; and likewise a round tray, and the like]: (TA:) pl. أَطْبَاقٌ and طِبَاقٌ. (Msb.) b3: b4: (tropical:) The surface of the earth [considered as a cover]. (K, TA.) [And in like manner applied to A layer, or stratum, of earth.

دَفَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ is expl. in the Msb as meaning أَخْفَيْتُهُ تَحْتَ أَطْبَاقِ التُّرَابِ I concealed it beneath the layers, or strata, of the earth, or dust. See also طَبَقَةٌ.] b5: (tropical:) The exterior part of the pudendum muliebre [considered as a cover]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) b6: A fold, a ply, or an overlapping part, of a thing. (PS. [See حَفِثٌ.]) b7: [And hence, app., (tropical:) A roller of the sea: see آذِىٌّ.] b8: A thin bone [or cartilage] that forms a division between any two vertebræ: (S, O, K:) what is between any two vertebræ of a horse [&c.]: pl. أَطْبَاقٌ: (Kr:) and some say, the vertebræ altogether: and some say, a vertebra, in any part. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting the day of resurrection, تَبْقَى أَصْلَابُ المُنَافِقِينَ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا, meaning [The backbones of the hypocrites shall be (lit. continue to be) as though they were] one vertebra: or, as some say, ↓ طَبَقَةً; and [they say that] طَبَقٌ is the pl. [or coll. gen. n.]. (O. [See also 1 in art. عقم.]) b9: [And Any of the successively-superimposed cartilages of the windpipe: pl. أَطْبَاقٌ. (See حَنْجَرَةٌ, in art. حجر; and see also حُلْقُومٌ.)] b10: Any of the stages of Hell [whereof every one except the lowest is imagined to be like a cover over another]. (TA.) [And in like manner, Any of the Seven Heavens:] one says, السَّمٰوَاتُ طِبَاقٌ, meaning The Heavens are [composed of stages] one above another; (S, O, Msb; *) every heaven [except the lowest] being like a طبق to another: (Msb:) or this is said because of their being conformable, one with another: (K:) and it is said in the Kur lxvii. 3, اَلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا, meaning [Who hath created seven heavens] placed one above another; طباقا being the inf. n. of طَابَقْتُ النَّعْلَ [q. v.], used as an epithet; or for طُوبِقَتْ طِبَاقًا; or ذَاتَ طِبَاقٍ, pl. of طَبَقٌ or of ↓ طَبَقَةٌ. (Bd.) b11: [Any of the bones of the head; because they compose a covering: or] أَطْبَاقُ الرَّأْسِ means the bones of the head because they suit one another and have certain parts of them inserted and infixed into other parts. (TA. [See 8 in art. شجر.]) b12: Any joint of a limb: pl. أَطْبَاقٌ. (As, TA.) b13: A collective number of men, and of locusts; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ طِبْقٌ, (K,) which is thus expl. by As in relation to men: (TA:) or a multitude of men, and of locusts: (K:) [app. considered as covering a space of ground:] or a company of men that are equal with a company like them. (ISd, TA.) b14: A generation of mankind; or the people of one time; syn. قَرْنٌ and عَالَمٌ; as in the saying of El-'Abbás, إِذَا مَضَى عَالَمٌ بَدَا طَبَقُ [metre مُنْسَرِح] i. e. إِذَا مَضَى قَرْنٌ بَدَا قَرْنٌ [When a generation passes away, a generation appears in its place]: the قَرْن being called طَبَق because they are a طَبَق [i. e. cover] to the earth: then they pass away and another طَبق comes: (O, TA:) or, as IAar says, طَبَقٌ signifies a people after a people. (TA.) And (TA) A قَرْن [i. e. generation] of time: or twenty years: (K, TA:) or, as in the book of El-Hejeree, on the authority of I'Ab, ↓ طَبَقَةٌ has this latter meaning. (TA.) b15: (tropical:) A rain such as fills and covers the earth, or land; (TA;) or such as is general, (S, O, K, TA,) and of wide extent; termed by a poet (namely, Imra-el-Keys, O, TA) طَبَقُ الأَرْضِ: (S, O, TA:) or a lasting rain, consecutive in its falls. (Msb.) And أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا means (assumed tropical:) [The land became, or became in the morning,] covered with water over its surface. (TA.) b16: A main portion of the night and of the day: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib], طَبَقُ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ signifies سَاعَاتُهُ المطابقة [app. a mistranscription for المُتَطَابِقَةُ, and meaning the commensurate, or similar, or equal, portions of the night and of the day]. (TA.) See also طِبْقٌ. b17: And A state, or condition; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ طَبَقَةٌ, of which the pl. is طِبَاقٌ: the pl. of the former in this sense is أَطْبَاقٌ. (TA.) Hence the phrase, لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَنْ طَبَقٍ, (S, O, K, TA,) in the Kur [lxxxiv. 19], meaning [Ye shall assuredly enter upon] state after state, (S, * O, TA,) and predicament after predicament; as in the A; (TA;) on the day of resurrection; (S;) the state being termed طَبَق because it will fill the hearts [as though the dread thereof covered them], or will be near to doing so; (O, TA;) and عَنْ being put in this instance, as it is in many others, in the place of بَعْدَ: (TA:) or the meaning is, one after another of similar states of hardship: or it may be, degrees of hardship after degrees thereof; طَبَقٌ accord. to this rendering being regarded as pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of ↓ طَبَقَةٌ: (Ksh and Bd:) or [ye shall assuredly mount upon] the heaven in one state after another state; for it (the heaven) shall be like مُهْل [i. e. molten brass or iron &c., as is said in the Kur lxx. 8,] and then successively in other states: (O, TA:) so says Aboo-Bekr: accord. to Er-Rághib, it points to the various successive states of man in the present world from his creation, and in the world to come until his resting in one of the two abodes [Paradise or Hell]: or, accord. to Ibn-Abi-l- Hadeed, it means [ye shall assuredly enter upon] difficulty after difficulty; as is related by MF; and the same is said by Az on the authority of I'Ab: (TA:) some read لَتَرْكَبَنَّ, meaning thou, O Mohammad, shalt assuredly mount upon stage after stage of the stages (أَطْبَاق) of heaven; and I'Ab and Ibn-Mes-ood read لَتَرْكَبِنَّ, with kesr to the ب, which is accord. to the dial. of Temeem, and Keys and Asad and Rabee'ah pronounce the first letter of the future with kesr except when it is ى: 'Omar read لَيَرْكَبَنَّ, either as relating to the Prophet or as referring to him who is mentioned in verses 10-15 of the same chapter. (O, TA.) One says also, بَاتَ يَرْعَى طَبَقَ النُّجُومِ, meaning (tropical:) [He passed the night watching] the state of the stars in their course: (TA:) or طَبَقُ النُّجُومِ means the falling [or app. setting] of stars after [other] stars: or, accord. to Es-Sadoosee, the rising of a star and the setting of another: and a collective number thereof after a collective number [of others]: and such, he says, are termed مِنَ النُّجُومِ ↓ طَبَقَاتٌ. (O.) b18: جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا means عَلَى خُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ [i. e. The camels came following one another, in a single line: see art. خف]. (TA.) And one says, وَلَدَتِ الغَنَمُ طَبَقًا and ↓ طَبْقًا, meaning The sheep, or goats, brought forth one after another: (L:) El-Umawee says, when they do thus, one says, وَلَدَتْهَا الرُّجَيْلَآءِ and وَلَدَتْهَا طَبَقًا and ↓ طَبَقَةً [They brought them forth (i. e. their young ones) one after another]. (S, O.) b19: [The pl.] الأَطْبَاقُ also signifies Those who are remote, and those who are remotely connected: so in a trad. respecting the signs of the resurrection, or of the time thereof; in which it is said, يُوْصَلُ الأَطْبَاقُ وَيُقْطَعُ الأَرْحَامُ [Those who are remote, and those who are remotely related, shall be brought into close connection, and the ties of relationship shall be severed]. (TA.) b20: بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ is an appellation of A female tortoise, [app. because of the cover of her back,] which, (S, O, K,) as the Arabs assert, (S, O,) lays ninety-nine eggs, all of them [eventually] tortoises, and lays one egg which discloses (S, O, K) a serpent (K) [or a serpent such as is termed] an أَسْوَد; (S, O;) or, accord. to Az, sixty-nine [eggs], and the seventieth is [eventually] a viper. (So in a marg. note in one of my copies of the S; in which, also, the appellation is written بِنْتُ طَبَقَ, instead of بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ.) Hence the phrase إِحْدَى بَنَاتِ طَبَقٍ, meaning (tropical:) A calamity; (S, O, TA;) as also بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ: (TA:) بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ meaning calamities [like مُطْبِقَاتٌ]: as well as tortoises: and serpents: (K:) and أُمُّ طَبَقٍ [in like manner] meanscalamity: (TA in art. طرق:) or, accord. to EthTha'álibee, طَبَقُ [thus, imperfectly decl., as written in the L,) signifies a yellow serpent: (L, TA:) and أُمُّ طَبَقٍ and بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ are said to signify the serpent, because of its coiling itself round: or بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ is an appellation applied to serpents because of their winding themselves round (لإِطْبَاقِهَا) upon him whom they bite; or, as some say, because the حَوَّآء [q. v.] confines them beneath the lids (أَطْبَاق) of the baskets (أَسْفَاط) covered with leather; or, as Z says, because they resemble the طَبَق [i. e. cover, or dish, or plate,] when they coil themselves round. (TA.) طِبْقَةٌ: see طِبْقٌ, former half, in two places: A2: and also near the end of the same paragraph.

طَبَقَةٌ [generally signifying Any one of two or more things that are placed, or situate, one above another; a stage, story, or floor; a layer, or stratum; or the like: pl. طَبَقَاتٌ and طِبَاقٌ]: see طَبَقٌ, in seven places. b2: [Hence, طَبَقَاتُ العَيْنِ The coats, or tunics, of the eye. (See جُلَيْدَةٌ.)] b3: [Hence also,] طَبَقَاتُ النَّاسِ The degrees, ranks, orders, or classes, of men. (S, * O, * TA.) [Thus, طَبَقَاتُ الشُّعَرَآءِ means The orders, or classes, of the poets.] b4: كُتُبُهُ إِلَىَّ طَبَقَةٌ is a phrase mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád as meaning His letters, or epistles, to me are consecutive. (O, TA.) b5: A طَبَقَة of land is [A portion] like a مَشَارَة [expl. in art. شور]. (TA.) يَدٌ طَبِقَةٌ An arm that will not be stretched forth; (S, O, TA;) sticking to the side. (K, TA.) طِبَاقٌ [a pl. of طَبَقَةٌ, and said to be also a pl. of طَبَقٌ]. b2: طِبَاقُ الأَرْضِ means What is upon the earth: (S, O:) or what fills, or would fill, the earth, extending over it in general, or in common, (O, TA,) as though it were a طَبَق [or cover] to it. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting Kureysh, عِلْمُ عَالِمِهِمْ طِبَاقُ الأَرْضِ i. e. The knowledge of the knowing of them is as though it extended over the earth in general, or in common, and were a cover to it; (O, * TA;) or, as some relate it, الأَرْضِ ↓ طِبْقُ. (TA.) b3: See also طِبْقٌ. b4: And see مُطْبِقٌ.

طَبِيقٌ: see طِبْقٌ, in five places.

طَبَاقَآءُ (tropical:) A camel (S, O, K) that will not cover; (S, O;) lacking strength, or ability, to cover. (K, TA.) b2: And, applied to a man, (S, O, K,) (assumed tropical:) Impeded in his speech; unable to speak; or tonguetied: (O, K, * TA:) or that will not perform the act of coïtus: (TA:) or heavy, covering the woman (يُطْبِقُ عَلَى المَرْأَةِ, in the CK [erroneously] يَطْبِقُ, and in my MS. copy of the K يُطَبِّق المرأةَ,) with his breast by reason of his heaviness: (K, TA:) or impotent; syn. عِيِىٌّ: (S, O:) or impotent (عَيِىٌّ), heavy, covering her whom he compresses, or the woman, with his breast, by reason of his littleness, or immature age: accord. to As, stupid, foolish, impotent in speech or actions, dull, or heavy: accord. to IAar, whose reason is veiled, or wholly obscured, (عَلَيْهِ ↓ مُطْبَقٌ, [see أَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ,]) by stupidity, or foolishness: or, as some say, whose affairs are veiled to him [so that he sees not how to accomplish them]: or who lacks ability to speak, his lips being closed. (TA.) b3: تَحَلَّبُوا عَلَى

ذٰلِكَ الإِنْسَانِ طَبَاقَآءَ means They collected themselves together against that man, all of them. (ISh, O.) طُبَّاقٌ A species of tree, (S, O, K,) growing upon the mountains of Mekkeh; (K;) described to AHn by some one or more of Azd-es-Saráh as being about the stature of a man in height, growing near one another, scarcely ever or never seen singly, having long, slender, green leaves, which slip [between the fingers] when squeezed, applied as a dressing to a fracture, which, remaining upon it, they consolidate; it has a clustered yellow flower; is not eaten by the camels, but by the sheep or goats; and grows among the rocks, with the عَرْعَر; the bees eat from its flowers, and the mountain-goats also feed upon it: (O:) it is beneficial as an antidote against poisons, taken internally and applied as a dressing, and as a remedy for the mange, or scab, and the itch, and fevers of long continuance, and colic, and jaundice, and obstructions of the liver; and is very healing. (K.) [طُبَاقٌ, thus written by Golius, without teshdeed, is said by him to be Ocimum agreste; as on the authority of Meyd; but he has not given the syn. by which Meyd has explained it.] بَيْنَ شَثٍّ وَطُبَّاقٍ, in a trad. of Mohammad Ibn-El-Hanafeeyeh, means in the places where grow these two species of trees; (O;) i. e. in the tracts of the mountains of Mekkeh. (TA.) طَابَقٌ: see طِبْقٌ.

A2: Also, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and طَابِقٌ, (K,) both mentioned by Ks and Lh, [and both in one of my copies of the S,] (TA,) and ↓ طَابَاقٌ, (Fr, O, K,) A large brick: (Mgh:) or a large baked brick: (S, O, K:) [or a large tile, or flat piece of baked clay:] and a large [piece of] glass: (Mgh:) arabicized, (S, Mgh, O,) from the Pers\., (S, O,) i. e. from تَابَهْ: (Mgh, O:) [and particularly a large flat piece of baked clay, or of stone, &c., that is used for a trapdoor:] whence, بَيْتُ الطَّابَقِ [the chamber that has a trap-door]: (Mgh: [see also مُطْبِقٌ:]) pl. طَوَابِقُ and طَوَابِيقُ; (Mgh, O, K;) the former being pl. of طابق, and the latter of طاباق. (O.) b2: And in like manner the طَابَق of iron [is from the Pers\. تَابَهْ]: (O:) [i. e.] طَابَقٌ signifies also, (K, TA,) and طَابِقٌ likewise, (accord. to the K,) A certain vessel in which one cooks, (K, TA,) [meaning a frying-pan,] of iron or of copper: (TA:) arabicized from تَابَهْ. (K, TA.) b3: [and A plate, or flat piece, of metal.]

A3: بِئْرٌ ذَاتُ طَابَقٍ means A well in which are projecting edges. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) A4: And طَابَقٌ and طَابِقٌ signify also A limb, or member, (Th, O, * K, TA,) of a human being, such as the arm, or hand, and the leg, or foot, and the like: (Th, TA:) applied in a trad. to the hand of a thief, which is to be cut off: (TA:) [see طَائِفٌ, in art. طوف:] or they signify [or signify also] the half of a sheep, or goat: (K, TA:) or as much thereof as two persons, or three, eat. (TA.) طَابَاقٌ; pl. طَوَابِيقُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

العِمَّةُ الطَّابِقِيَّةُ The mode of disposing the turban without winding [a portion thereof] beneath the chin: (O, K:) a mode which is forbidden. (O.) جَآءَ فُلَانٌ مُتَعَمِّمًا طَابِقِيٍّا means Such a one came having his turban disposed in the manner above described. (IAar, O.) مَطْبَقٌ: see مُطْبِقٌ.

مُطْبَقٌ [pass. part. n. of 4, Covered; &c.]. b2: الحُرُوفُ المُطْبَقَةُ are The letters ص, ض, ط, and ظ: (S, O, K:) the part of the tongue which is the place of their utterance being [closely] covered [in their utterance] by what is opposite to it of the palate. (O, TA.) b3: And مُطْبَقٌ is used by the vulgar for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ, [which is for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Upon whom insanity is made to be continual: (Msb: see also طَبَاقَآءُ [where مُطْبَقٌ عَلْيَهِ is in my opinion better rendered]:) and you say مَجْنُونَةٌ مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهَا [in like manner, for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهَا الجُنُونُ (assumed tropical:) an insane female whose reason insanity has veiled, or wholly obscured]. (Mgh, O.) b4: مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ signifies also Affected with a swooning, or a fit of insensibility. (TA.) b5: بَيْتٌ مُطْبَقٌ means (assumed tropical:) A verse of which the former hemistich ends in the middle of a word. (Z, TA.) b6: See also the next paragraph. b7: and see طِبْقٌ.

مُطْبِقٌ Covering. (O, K, TA.) b2: Hence, (K, TA,) جُنُونٌ مُطْبِقٌ (Mgh, O, K, TA) (assumed tropical:) Insanity that covers [i. e. veils, or wholly obscures,] the reason, or intellect. (TA.) b3: حُمَّى مُطْبِقَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) (tropical:) A continual fever, not quitting night nor day. (S, Msb, * TA.) b4: مُطْبِقَةٌ [for سَنَةٌ مُطْبِقَةٌ] means (tropical:) A hard, or severe, year. (TA.) And مُطْبِقَاتٌ means (assumed tropical:) Calamities [like بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ]. (TA.) b5: And مُطْبِقٌ may have the same meaning as ↓ مُطْبَقٌ. (TA. [But in what sense the latter is here used is not specified.]) b6: It signifies also A subterranean prison; or a place of confinement beneath the ground. (TA. [The word in this sense, which is probably postclassical, is there said to be like مُحْسِنٌ; but perhaps only because of its having been found written مُطْبِقٌ; for I think that I have heard ↓ مَطْبَقٌ used in this sense; and I find an apparent authority for this in a copy of the M in arts.

اصد and وصد, where الإِصَادُ and الوِصَادُ are expl. as meaning المَطْبَقُ: and likewise in the TA in art. عن, where I find مَطْبَق, thus written; see 2 in that art.: it seems also that ↓ طِبَاقٌ may have the same signification; for I find الإِصَادُ expl. as meaning الطِّبَاقُ in the K in art. اصد; and thus in the O in art. وصد, and likewise الوِصَادُ.]) مُطَبَّقٌ: see طِبْقٌ, last quarter.

جَرَادٌ مُطَبِّقٌ Locusts extending in common or universally [over a tract or region]. (TA.) and سَحَابَةٌ مُطَبِّقَةٌ A cloud raining upon the whole of a land. (S, O.) b2: مُطَبِّقٌ signifies also [A sword hitting the joint, and severing the limb: or falling between two bones. b3: And hence,] (tropical:) One who takes the right course in affairs by his [good] judgment. (K, TA.) مُطَابِقٌ: see an ex. voce طِبْقٌ

طحل

1 طَحَلَهُ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. طَحْلٌ and طَحَلٌ, (K,) He hit, or hurt, his طِحَال [or spleen]. (S, O, K.) A2: And طَحَلَهُ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طَحْلٌ, (O,) He filled it; (O, K;) namely, a vessel. (O.) A3: طَحِلَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. طَحَلٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He had a complaint of his طِحَال [or spleen]: (S:) or he became large in his طِحَال: (O, Msb, K:) and طُحِلَ, like عُنِىَ, inf. n. طَحْلٌ, [accord. to the CK طَحَلٌ,] has the former of these two meanings. (K, TA.) b2: And طَحِلَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. طَحَلٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, of the colour termed طُحْلَة; said of a wolf; and in like manner one says of a sheep or goat. (K, TA.) b3: And طَحِلَ said of water, (S, O, K,) as also طَهِلَ, (S, O,) It was, or became, corrupt, (S, O, K,) and altered in odour, (S, O,) or stinking, by reason of black mud. (K.) طَحِلٌ Having his طِحَال [or spleen] large, or enlarged: (Msb, K:) or having pain therein; as also ↓ مَطْحُولٌ; (O;) or this latter signifies having a complaint of the طِحَال; (TA;) or it signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (TA,) hit, or hurt, therein. (S, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) [Spleenful, as meaning] angry. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And Black: (O, K:) or of a dusky, or dingy, black colour; (IAar, TA;) which, Z says, may be from [the colour of] the طِحَال, or from the meaning of الطُّحْلُبُ: (TA: [see also أَطْحَلُ:]) [for it signifies also] b4: Overspread with [the green substance termed طُحْلُب; (IAar, O, K;) or having much طحلب; applied to water: (Az, IAar, * O, * Msb, K:) and in like manner one says عَيْنٌ طَحِلَةٌ a source having much طحلب. (Msb.) A2: Also Full; (IAar, O, K;) and so ↓ مَطْحُولٌ; applied to a vessel. (K.) طُحْلَةٌ A colour between that of dust and whiteness, (S, M, O, TA,) with a little blackness, like the colour of ashes: (M, TA:) or a colour between that of dust and blackness, with a little whiteness. (K.) طِحَالٌ [The spleen;] one of the intestines, (Msb,) or a piece of flesh, (K, TA,) well known, (S, O, Msb, K,) black, (or rather blackish,] and broad, in the belly of man and of others, on the left, cleaving to the side, (TA,) or cleaving to the ribs on the left side, (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán,”) and said to pertain to every ruminant except the horse, which has none: (Msb: [a strange assertion, involving a double mistake; partly originating from a saying which will be mentioned in what follows:]) it is of the masc. gender: (Lh, TA:) the pl. is طُحُلٌ (Msb, K, TA) and أَطْحِلَةٌ and طِحَالَاتٌ. (Msb. [The second and third of these pls. appear to be rare; for it is said in the TA that the first is the only pl. form: and the last is anomalous.]) One says of the horse, لَا طِحَالَ لَهُ [lit. He has no spleen]; which is a metaphor, meaning (tropical:) he is quick, or swift, in his running; like as one says of the camel, لَا مَرَارَةَ لَهُ [lit. “ he has no gall-bladder ”]; meaning “ he has no daring. ” (S, O.) طَاحِلٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

أَطْحَلُ Of a colour like that of the طَحَال [or spleen], (Ham p. 96, and TA,) thus applied to a [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء, (TA,) and this is said to be the primary signification: or of the colour of ashes: (Ham ubi suprà:) or of the colour termed طُحْلَة expl. above, (S, O, K,) thus applied to a wolf, (O, K,) and thus the fem.

طَحْلَآءُ applied to a sheep or goat (شَاةٌ), (K,) and the masc. applied to ashes (رَمَادٌ): (S, O:) also, (S, O,) and (O) ↓ طَاحِلٌ, (O, K, [in the CK طَحِلٌ, q. v.,]) applied to beverage or wine (شَرَابٌ), (S, O, K,) meaning not clear, (S, O,) or turbid; and so ↓ طَاحِلٌ applied to dust (غُبَارٌ, K, TA, [in the CK غُرَابٌ,] and قَتَامٌ, O and TA). And one says فَرَسٌ أَخْضَرُ أَطْحَلُ meaning A horse whose خُضْرَة [i. e. dingy ash-colour, or dark dust-colour,] is overspread by a little yellowness. (S, O.) مَطْحُولٌ: see طَحِلْ, first sentence: b2: and the same, also, last sentence.

طول

1 طَالَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) said by some to be of the class of قَرُبَ, being made by them to accord in from with its contr., which is قَصُرَ, and by others said to be of the class of قَالَ, (Msb,) first Pers\. طُلْتُ, [said to be] originally طَوُلْتُ, because one says طَوِيلٌ, [not طَائِلٌ, when using it as an intrans. v.,] (S, O,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. طُولٌ, (S, * O, * Msb, K,) It (a thing, S, O, Msb) was, or became, elongated, or extended; [i. e. it was, or became, long; and it was, or became, tall, or high; which meanings are sometimes more explicitly denoted in order to avoid ambiguity, as when one says طَالَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الأَرْضِ it was, or became, elongated, or extended, upon the surface of the earth or ground; and طَالَ فِى السَّمَآءِ it was, or became, elongated, or extended, towards (lit. into) the sky;] (S, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ استطال signifies the same. (S, O, K.) It is also said of any time that is extended; and of anxiety that cleaves to one continually; and the like: [see طُولٌ, below:] thus one says طَالَ اللَّيْلُ [The night became long, or protracted]: (TA:) [and thus طَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الأَمَدُ, in the Kur lvii. 15, means The time became extended, or prolonged, unto them:] and عَلَيْهِمُ العُمُرُ ↓ تَطَاوَلَ, in the Kur xxviii. 45, means, in like manner, [Life was prolonged unto them; or] their lives became long, or prolonged: (Jel:) and طال المَجْلِسُ The time of the assembly was, or became, extended, or prolonged: (Msb:) and طال الهَمُّ [Anxiety became protracted]. (TA.) [One says also طَالَمَا فَعَلَ كَذَا Long time did he thus; and the like; with the restrictive ما: see Har p. 17.]

A2: When trans. [without a particle it is of the class فَعَلَ; not فَعُلَ, because this is not trans.: (TA:) one says طُلْتُهُ meaning I exceeded him, or surpassed him, in الطُّول [i. e. tallness; or I overtopped him]: and also in الطَّوْل [i. e. beneficence, and excellence, &c.]. (S, O, K.) See 3. A poet says, إِنَّ الفَرَزْدَقَ صَخْرَةٌ عَارِيَةٌ طَالَتْ فَلَيْسَ تَنَالُهَا الأَوْعَالُ [Verily El-Farezdak is a bare rock that has exceeded in height the mountain-goats so that the mountain-goats do not reach it]: he means طَالَتِ الأَوْعَالَ. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., فَطَالَ العَبَّاسُ عُمَرَ i. e. And El-'Abbás exceeded 'Omar in tallness of stature. (TA.) And you say, طَالَهُ فِى الحَسَبِ [He excelled him in the grounds of pretension to respect or honour]. (K and TA in explanation of شَرَفَهُ: in the CK [erroneously]

طاوَلَهُ.) A3: One says also, طال عَلَيْهِ, (S,) or عَلَيْهِمْ, (Msb, K,) the verb in this case being of the class of قَالَ, aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. طَوْلٌ; (S, * Msb;) and ↓ تطوّل; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ اطال; (Msb;) He bestowed, or conferred, a benefit or benefits, or a favour or favours, (S, Msb, K,) upon him, (S,) or upon them. (Msb, K.) And عَلَيْنَا بِشَىْءٍ ↓ تطوّل He gave to us a thing; like تَنَوَّلَ; but the latter is said by Aboo-Mihjen to be used only in relation to good; and the former, sometimes, in relation to good and to evil. (TA in art. نول.) 2 طوّلهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَطْوِيلٌ; (O;) and ↓ اطالهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ أَطْوَلَهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. إِطَالَةٌ; (O;) both signify the same; (S, O, Msb, K;) He elongated it; extended it; lengthened it; or made it long, or tall or high; (S, * O, Msb;) syn. مَدَّهُ, (S, * O, * Msb,) and جَعَلَهُ طَوِيلًا. (O, TA.) You say, طَوَّلْتُ الحَدِيدَةَ I elongated, or lengthened, the piece of iron. (Msb.) And اللّٰهُ بَقَآءَهُ ↓ اطال God extended, or prolonged, his continuance [in life]; or may God extend, &c. (Msb.) And المَجْلِسَ ↓ اطال He extended, or prolonged, the time of the assembly. (Msb.) and طوَّل لِلْفَرَسِ, (S, O,) or لِلدَّابَّةِ, (Msb, K,) He slackened [or lengthened] (S, O, Msb, K) the tether, (S, O, K,) or rope, (Msb,) of the horse, (S, O,) or of the beast, (Msb, K,) in the place of pasture, (S, O, K,) or that it might pasture [more largely]: (Msb:) and لَهَا الطِّوَلَ ↓ اطال and الطِّيَلَ [signify the same]. (TA, from a trad.) And [hence] طوّل لَهُ (inf. n. as above, S) He granted him a delay, or respite; (S, O, Msb, K;) said of God: (S:) and فِى ↓ المُطَاوَلَةُ الأَمْرِ means التَّطْوِيلُ فِيهِ; (Msb;) [i. e.] طاولهُ signifies he delayed, or deferred, with him, (S, O, K, TA,) فِى الأَمْرِ [in the affair], (S, O,) or فِى

الدَّيْنِ [in the case of the debt] and العِدَةِ [the promise]. (TA.) [And طوّل عَلَيْهِ and ↓ تطوّل He was prolix, or tedious, to him: see 2 in art. بسق; and see an ex. of the former voce حَوْزٌ.]3 طَاْوَلَ ↓ طَاوَلَنِى فَطُلْتُهُ He contended with me for superiority (Ks, O, TA) in الطُّول [i. e. tallness], and also in الطَّوْل [i. e. beneficence, and excellence, &c.], and I exceeded him, or surpassed him, therein. (S, O, K.) بِكَ أُطَاوِلُ occurs in a prayer of the Prophet, and is from الطَّوْلُ, meaning [By means of Thee I contend for] superiority over the enemies. (O.) One says also, طَاوَلَهُ بِالكِبَرِ وَقَالَ

أَنَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْكَ [He contended, or disputed, with him for superiority in greatness, and said, I am greater than thou]. (A in art. كبر.) [And المُطَاوَلَةُ فِى

الحُِظْوَةِ, occurring in the TA in art. سمو, means The contending, or vying, or competing, for superiority, in highness of rank.] b2: See also 2, last sentence but one.4 اطال and اطول, as trans.: see 2, in five places.

A2: اطالت المَرْأَةُ The woman brought forth tall children, (S, A, O, K,) or a tall child. (K.) It is said in a trad., (S,) or in a prov., not a trad., (K,) but IAth declares it to be a trad., and in the trads. of the Prophet are many celebrated provs., (MF,) إِنَّ القَصِيرَةَ قَدْ تُطِيلُ [Verily the short woman sometimes brings forth tall children], (S, O, K,) قَدْ تُقْصِرُ ↓ وَإِنَّ الطَّوِيلَةَ [and verily the tall woman sometimes brings forth short children]. (O.) b2: See also 1, last sentence but one. b3: One says also, اطال لِفَرَسِهِ He tied his horse with the rope [or tether, called طِوَل]. (TA.) 5 تَطَوَّلَ see 2, last sentence: b2: and see also 1, last two sentences.6 تطاول: see 1, former half. b2: Also It became high by degrees; said of a building. (L in art. شيد.) b3: And i. q. تَطَالَّ or تَطَالَلَ, (S, K, TA,) meaning He (a man, S, TA) stood upon his toes, and stretched his stature, to look at a thing: (TA:) or تَطَاوَلْتُ فِى قِيَامِى I stretched my legs, in my standing, to look. (O.) One says, يَتَطَاوَلُ لِلْأَفْنَانِ وَيَجْتَذِبُهَا بِالمِحْجَنِ [He stretches himself up towards the branches, and draws them to him with the hooked-headed stick]. (S in art. حرق.) And it is said in a trad., تطاول عَلَيْهِمُ الرَّبُّ بِفَضْلِهِ The Lord looked down upon them, or regarded them compassionately, (أَشْرَفَ,) with his favour (O.) b4: Also He made a show of الطُّول [i. e. tallness], or الطَّوْل [i. e. beneficence, and excellence, &c.]. (TA.) b5: تطاول عَلَيْهِ and ↓ استطال signify the same; (Az, S, O, Msb, K, TA;) He held up his head with a show of superiority over him; (Az, TA;) [i. e. he behaved haughtily, arrogantly, overweeningly, overbearingly, domineeringly, or proudly, towards him; domineered over him; or exalted himself above him;] or he overbore, overpowered, subdued, or oppressed, him: (Msb:) عليه ↓ استطال is also expl. as meaning he arrogated to himself excellence over him, syn. تَفَضَّلَ; (K, TA;) and exalted himself above him: (TA:) and عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ استطالوا as meaning they slew of them more than they [the latter] had slain (S, O, K) of them [the former]: (O:) and فِى عِرْضِ النَّاسِ ↓ الاِسْتِطَالَةُ occurs in a trad. as meaning the contemning of men, and exalting oneself above them, and reviling them, vilifying them, or detracting from their reputation. (TA.) One says also تطاول بِمَا عِنْدَهُ He exalted, or magnified, or boasted, himself in, or he boasted of, what he possessed. (TA in art. فتح.) And الفَحْلُ يَتَطَاوَلُ عَلَى إِبِلِهِ The stallion [overbears, or] drives as he pleases, and repels the other stallions from, his she-camels. (O.) b6: and تَطَاوَلَا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, each with the other [in الطُّول i. e. tallness, or in الطَّوْل i. e. beneficence, and excel-lence, &c.: see 3]. (TA.) 10 استطال: see 1, first sentence. b2: Also It extended and rose; (K, TA;) said of a crack [in a wall]; like استطار: mentioned by Th. (TA.) [And likewise said, in the same sense, of the dawn, i. e., of the false dawn; in which case it is opposed to استطار: see مُسْتَطِيلٌ.] b3: See also 6, in four places.

A2: This verb is also used, by Z and Bd, in a trans. sense; and استطالهُ, occurring in the “ Mufassal ” [of Z] is expl. as meaning عَدَّهُ طَوِيلًا [He reckoned it long, &c.]; and in like manner it is used by Es-Saad in the “ Mutowwal: ” but this usage is on the ground of analogy [only]; for, accord. to the genuine lexical usage, it is intransitive. (TA.) طَوْلٌ [is originally an inf. n.: (see طَالَ عَلَيْهِ:) and, used as a simple subst.,] signifies Beneficence; and bounty: (S, TA:) and [a benefit, a favour, a boon, or] a gift. (Har p. 58.) b2: And, (O, K, TA,) as also ↓ طَائِلٌ and ↓ طَائِلَةٌ, (K, TA,) Excellence, excess, or superabundance: and power, or ability: and wealth, or competence: and ampleness of circumstances: (O, K, TA:) and superiority, or ascendancy. (O, TA.) One says, لِفُلَانٍ عَلَى

فُلَانٍ طَوْلٌ To such a one belongs excellence, or superabundance, above such a one. (O. [and the like is said in the Mgh.]) And it is said in the Kur [iv. 29], وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنْكُمْ طَوْلًا

أَنْ يَنْكِحَ المُحْصَنَاتِ, meaning And such of you as is not able to obtain superabundance so that he may marry the free women, let him marry a female slave; (Mgh;) i. e. such as is not able to give the dowry of the free woman, (Mgh, O, TA,) as expl. by Zj. (Mgh, TA.) In the phrase طَوْلُ الحُرَّةِ, the former word is originally the inf. n. of the verb in طَالَ عَلَيْهَا meaning “ he benefited her; ” because, when one is able to give the dowry of the free woman, and pays it, he benefits her: or, as some of the lawyers says, this phrase means The superabundance of the means of sustenance that suffices for the marrying of the free woman, agreeably with a saying of Az: or, as some say, طول means wealth, or competence; and the phrase is originally طَوْلٌ

إِلَى الحُرَّةِ, i. e. ampleness of wealth such as supplies the means of attaining to the free woman: or originally طَوْلٌ عَلَى الحُرَّةِ, meaning power, or ability, for the marrying of the free woman: (Msb:) Esh-Shaabee is related to have used the phrase الطَّوْلُ إِلَى الحُرَّةِ; and in like manner are I'Ab and Jábir and Sa'eed Ibn-Jubeyr. (Mgh.) ذِى الطَّوْلِ in the Kur xl. 3 means The Possessor of all-sufficiency, and of superabundance, or of bounty: (O:) or the Possessor of power: or of bounty, and beneficence. (TA.) And أُولُو الطَّوْلِ مِنْهُمْ in the Kur ix. 87 means Those, of them, who are possessors of superabundance, and of opulence. (Bd.) b3: See also طِوَلٌ, latter half, in two places.

طُولٌ [is originally an inf. n.: (see 1, first sentence:) and, used as a simple subst.,] signifies Length; and tallness, or height; contr. of عَرْضٌ; (S, O, Msb;) or of قِصَرٌ: (M, TA:) pl. أَطْوَالٌ: (Msb:) it is in man and other animals, and in inanimate things: (TA:) in real things, or substances; and also in ideal things, or attributes, as time and the like. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [One says, قَطَعَهُ طُولًا and بِالطُّولِ He cut it lengthwise.] b2: And The utmost extent of time. (TA.) You say, لَا أُكَلِّمُهُ طُولَ الدَّهْرِ (S, O, TA) and الدَّهْرِ ↓ طَوَالَ, (S, O, K, * TA,) both meaning the same, (S, O, TA,) i. e. [I will not speak to him] during the utmost extent of time. (K, * TA.) b3: [In geography, The longitude of a place: pl. as above.] b4: See also طِوَلٌ, in two places.

طَوَلٌ Length in the upper lip of the camel, (M, K, TA,) beyond the lower. (M, TA.) طُوَلٌ: see طِوَلٌ.

A2: Also pl. of طُولَى, fem. of أَطْوَلُ [q. v.].

طِوَلٌ, for which ↓ طِوَلٌّ occurs in poetry, (S, O, K,) and ↓ طِيَلٌ, for which also ↓ طِيَلٌّ occurs in poetry, (K) and ↓ طَوِيلَةٌ, (Lth, O, K,) but this is disapproved by Az, (TA,) and ↓ تِطْوَلٌ, (K,) A tether; i. e. the rope that is extended for a horse or similar beast, and attached to which he pastures: (S, O:) a rope with which the leg of such a beast is bound: (K:) a long rope thus used: (TA:) or with which one binds him, holding its extremity, and letting the beast pasture: (K, TA:) or of which one of the two ends is bound to a stake, and the other to the fore leg of a horse, in order that he may go round about bound thereby, and pasture, and not go away at random. (TA.) An ex. of the first of these words occurs in a verse of Tarafeh cited voce ثِنْىٌ. (S, O.) And it is said in a trad. that when a man of an army alights in a place, he may debar others from the extent of the طِوَل of his horse. (TA.) b2: أَرْخَى لَهُ الطِّوَلَ [lit. meaning He relaxed, or slackened, to him the tether] means [also] (tropical:) he left him to his own affair. (A and TA in art. رخو.) b3: And one says, طَالَ طِوَلُكَ and ↓ طِيَلُكَ and ↓ طِيلُكَ and ↓ طُولُكَ and ↓ طُوَلُكَ and ↓ طَوَالُكَ and ↓ طِيَالُكَ (ISk, S, O, K) and ↓ طَوْلُكَ (K) meaning (assumed tropical:) Thy life [has become long; or may thy life become long]: (ISk, S, O, K: [see also طِيلَةٌ:]) or thine absence: (S, K:) or (tropical:) thy tarrying, (A, K, TA,) and thy flagging in an affair. (A, TA.) Tufeyl says, أَتَانَا فَلَمْ نَدْفَعْهُ إِذْ جَآءَ طَارِقًا فَانْزِلِ ↓ وَقُلْنَا لَهُ طَالَ طَوْلُكَ meaning [He came to us, and we did not repel him since he came as a nightly visiter, and we said to him,] Thy case in respect of the length of the journey and the endurance of travel [has been long, therefore alight thou: or the right reading may be ↓ طُولُكَ, which is better known]: or, as some relate it, ↓ طِيلُكَ. (TA.) [It is also said that] طِوَلٌ is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is ↓ طِوَلَةٌ; and in like manner, ↓ طِيَلٌ, of ↓ طِيَلَةٌ. (TA.) طِيلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, latter half, in two places. b2: [In the phrases طِيلٌ يَوْمٌ and طِيلٌ لَيْلَةٌ, it app. means A tedious period, or length of time.]

طِيَلٌ: see طِوَلٌ, in three places.

طَالَةٌ A she-ass: (O, K:) said to occur [as meaning a wild she-ass] in a poem of Dhu-rRummeh, who likens thereto his she-camel: but unknown to Az. (TA.) طِيلَةٌ Life; the period of life. (K, TA.) One says, أَطَالَ اللّٰهُ طِيلَتَهُ [God prolonged, or may God prolong, his life]. (TA.) [See also طِوَلٌ.]

طِوَلَةٌ: see طِوَلٌ, last sentence.

طِيَلَةٌ: see طِوَلٌ, last sentence.

طُولَى [fem. of أَطْوَلُ: used as a subst.,] A high, or an elevated, state or condition: pl. طُوَلٌ. (K.) طُولَانِىٌّ: see طُوَّالٌ.

طِوَلٌّ: see طِوَلٌ, first sentence.

طِيَلٌّ: see طِوَلٌ, first sentence.

طَوَالٌ: see طُولٌ: b2: and see also طِوَلٌ.

طُوَالٌ: see طَوِيلٌ: b2: and see also طُوَّالٌ.

طِيَالٌ: see طِوَلٌ.

طَوِيلٌ Elongated, or extended; [i. e. long; and tall, or high;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ طُوَالٌ; (S, O, K; but see طُوَّالٌ;) and ↓ مُسْتَطِيلٌ: and ↓ أَطْوَلُ is used in the sense of طَوِيلَةٌ, [being syn. sometimes with طَوِيلٌ and طَوِيلَةٌ,] in a verse of El-Farezdak cited voce عَزِيزٌ: (O, TA:) [it seems, from a comparison of explanations of سُرْحُوبٌ and سَلْهَبٌ &c. in the S and K, that طَوِيلٌ applied to a horse or the like generally signifies long-bodied:] طَوِيلٌ is the only epithet, known to IJ, of the measure فَعِيلٌ having the ف and ل sound and having و for its ع, except صَوِيبٌ and قَوِيمٌ; for عَوِيصٌ is [held by him to be only] used as a subst.: (M in art. صوب:) the pl. (of طَوِيلٌ and طُوَالٌ, TA) is طِوَالٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and طِيَالٌ; (S, O, K;) the latter anomalous, and said by IJ to occur only in one verse: (TA:) the fem. is طَوِيلَةٌ (Msb, K) and طُوَالَةٌ; (K, * TA;) and the pl. of the former of these is طَوِيلَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: They said, إِنَّ اللَّيْلَ طَوِيلٌ وَلَا يَطُلْ إِلَّا بِخَيْرٍ [Verily the night is long, and may it not be long save with good fortune]: mentioned by Lh, as expressing a prayer. (TA.) And قَصِيرَةٌ مِنْ طَوِيلَةٍ [A short thing from a tall thing]; meaning a date from a palm-tree: a prov., alluding to the abridging of speech, or language. (IAar, Meyd, K.) See also 4. b3: الطَّوِيلُ is also the name of A certain kind of metre of verse; (S, O, K;) [namely, the first;] consisting of فَعُولُنْ مَفَاعِيلُنْ eight [a mistake for four] times: (O, TA:) so called because it is the longest of all the metres of verse; originally comprising forty-eight letters: (TA:) a postclassical term. (S, O, K.) طَوِيلَةٌ as a subst.: see طِوَلٌ.

طُوَّلٌ A certain bird, (S, O, K,) of the aquatic kind, having long legs. (O, K.) طَيِّلَةُ الرِّيحِ The wind's counterwind. (S, O, K.) طُوَّالٌ Very, or exceedingly, tall; (S, O, K, TA;) applied to a man; as also, in the same sense, ↓ طُوَالٌ, (TA,) the latter having a stronger signification than طَوِيلٌ, [with which it is mentioned above as syn.,] (TA voce رَكِيكٌ,) or it denotes less than طُوَّالٌ; (O in art. ظرف;) and so ↓ طُولَانِىٌّ and ↓ مُطَاوِلٌ, in the dial. of the vulgar: طُوَّالٌ has no broken pl., its pl. being only طُوَّالُونَ: its fem. is with ة, and so is that of طُوَالٌ; each applied to a woman. (TA.) طَائِلٌ Benefiting; bestowing, or conferring, a benefit or benefits, or a favour or favours. (Msb.) b2: [Hence its usage in the following exs.] One says of that which is vile, or contemptible, (Msb, K, TA,) هُوَ غَيْرَ طَائِلٍ, (Msb,) or مَا هُوَ بِطَائِلٍ, (K, TA,) [It is not good for anything; it is unprofitable, useless, or worthless]; and in this manner it is used alike as masc. and fem. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., ضَرَبْتُهُ بِسَيْفٍ غَيْرِ طَائِلٍ, meaning I smote him with a sword that was not sharp. (TA.) And in another trad., كُفِّنَ فِى كَفَنٍ

غَيْرِ طَائِلٍ i. e. [He was shrouded in grave-clothing] not of delicate texture, and not of a goodly kind. (TA.) b3: And [hence] it signifies [also] Benefit, profit, utility, or avail; and excellence: thus in the saying, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ لَا طَائِلَ فِيهِ [This is an affair in which is no benefit, &c.]: (S, O, TA:) and لَمْ يَحْلَ مِنْهُ بِطَائِلٍ [He did not find or experience, or get or obtain, from it, or him, any benefit, &c.]: it is only used in negative phrases [in this sense]: (S, O, K, TA:) and [thus] one says also, نَطَقَ بِمَا لَا طَائِلَ تَحْتَهُ [He spoke that in which was no profit]. (TA in art. بوق.) See also طَوْلٌ, second sentence.

طَائِلَةٌ: see طَوْلٌ, second sentence. b2: Also Enmity: and blood-revenge: (S, O, K, TA:) pl. طَوَائِلُ. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَطْلُبُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ

بِطَائِلَةٍ i. e. Such a one seeks to obtain of the sons of such a one blood-revenge. (TA.) [See also an ex. in art. عقل, conj. 8.]

أَطْوَلُ Exceeding, or surpassing, in الطُّول [i. e. length, and tallness or height]: (S, O, Msb, * K:) and also in الطَّوْل [i. e. beneficence, and excellence, &c.]: (S, O, K:) fem. طُولَى: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the former, applied to men, أَطَاوِلُ; (S, O;) and of the latter طُوَلٌ. (S, O, Msb, K. *) السَّبْعُ الطُّوَلُ, i. e. The seven longer chapters of the Kur-án, (O, TA,) are the chapter of البَقَرَة and the next five chapters of which the last is الأَعْرَاف, and one other, which is the chapter of يُونُس, or الأَنْفَال and بَرَآءَة together, these being regarded as one chapter, (O, K, TA,) or, as some say, الكَهْف, and some say التَّوْبَة [which is the same as بَرَآءَة]; and some say [the chapters vulgarly called] the حَوَامِيم [which are the fortieth and six following chapters]: but the first of all these sayings is the right. (TA.) And طُولَى الطُّولَيَيْنِ [The longer of the two longer chapters of the Kur-án], occurring in a trad. of Umm-Selemeh, was expl. by her as meaning the chapter of الأَعْرَاف: (O:) الطُّولَيَانِ meaning الأَنْعَام and الأَعْرَاف. (TA.) أَسْرَعُكُنَّ لُحُوقًا بِى أَطْوَلُكُنَّ يَدًا, or, as some relate it لَحَاقًا, as saying of the Prophet to his wives, means [The quickest of you in attaining to me is, or will be,] the most extensive of you in giving. (O.) b2: See also طَوِيلٌ. b3: Also A camel whose upper lip is long, (S, O, K, TA,) extending beyond the lower. (TA.) تِطْوَلٌ: see طِوَلٌ, first sentence.

مِطْوَلٌ The penis. (O, K.) b2: And A halter; syn. رَسَنٌ: (K:) pl. مَطَاوِلُ, signifying the halters (أَرْسَان) of horses. (O, K.) مُطَاوِلٌ: see طُوَّالٌ. [And see also its verb.]

مَدًى مُتَطَاوِلٌ A distant limit, or far-extending space. (W p. 50.) مُسْتَطَالٌ is used by Z and Bd as meaning Reckoned long, on the ground of analogy. (TA. [See its verb.]) مُسْتَطِيلٌ: see طَوِيلٌ. الفَجْرُ المُسْتَطِيلُ is The first dawn; also called the false; and termed ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ [the tail of the wolf], because it appears rising without extending laterally: (Msb:) opposed to المُسْتَطِيرُ. (TA in art. طير.)

طحم

1 طَحَمَهُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. طَحْمٌ, He filled it. (TA.) طَحْمَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ طُحْمَةٌ (K, and thus also in some copies of the S) and ↓ طِحْمَةٌ (K) The دُفْعَة [as meaning tide, or rush,] of a torrent, (S, K,) and so [as meaning tide] of a valley, (K,) and so [as meaning irruption, or invasion,] of night; (S, K;) and the greater, or main, part of a torrent, and of night: (S:) or the first دُفْعَة, and the greater, or main, part: or the impulse, or driving, of the greater, or main, part [of a torrent]: and accord. to Z, طحمةُ اللَّيْلِ is tropical, and means (tropical:) the greater, or main, part of the blackness of night. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A company, or congregated body, of men: (S, A, K, TA:) or, as in the M, a rush, or rushing body, of men, more in number than such as are termed قَادِيَة, which means the first that come to one, or come upon one. (TA.) b3: And طَحْمَةُ الفِتْنَةِ means (tropical:) The جَوْلَة [or wheeling about, or the defeat, and return to fight,] of men on the occasion of فتنة [i. e. conflict and faction, or the like]. (TA.) A2: See also طَحْمَآءُ.

طُحْمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طِحْمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طُحَمَةٌ A man vehement in conflict. (S, K.) A2: And Numerous camels. (K.) طَحْمَآءُ A species of plant, (S, K,) growing in plain, or soft, land, of the kind called حَمْض: (TA:) or i. q. نَجِيلٌ, (AHn, K, TA,) which is the best of all the حَمْض, [herbaceous, i. e.] not having wood fit for fuel nor such as is fit for carpentry, and eaten by the camels; (AHn, TA;) as also ↓ طَحْمَةٌ, (K, TA,) which is said by AHn to be of the kind called حَمْض, broad in the leaves, and having much juice. (TA.) طَحْومٌ That impels, or propels, much, or vehemently: (K:) applied to a bow; as also طَحُورٌ: or a bow of which the arrow is swift. (TA.) سُيُولٌ طَوَاحِمُ i. q. دَوَافِعُ [i. e. Torrents pouring as though impelling, or propelling, themselves]. (TA.) مَطْحُومٌ Filled. (K.)

حم

أ1 حَمَأَ البِئْرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَمْءٌ, (S,) He cleansed the well of its حَمْأَة [or black, fetid mud]. (S, K.) In the T, this signification is assigned to البئر ↓ احمأ; and the signification assigned below to the latter is given to حمأ: but As says that he does not find this authorized by usage. (TA.) A2: حَمِئَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَمْءٌ and حَمَأٌ, It (water) was, or became, mixed with black, fetid mud, and so rendered turbid, (K, TA,) and altered in odour. (TA.) And حَمِئَتِ البِئْرُ, inf. n. حَمَأٌ, The well had in it black [fetid] mud (S, Msb) in abundance: (S:) and the like is also said of a spring. (TA.) A3: حَمِئَ عَلَيْهِ He was angry with him; (El-Umawee, S, K;) as also حَمِىَ. (Lh, TA.) 4 احمأ البِئْرَ, (ISk, S, K,) inf. n. إِحْمَآءٌ, (ISk, S,) He threw حَمْأَة [or black, fetid mud] into the well. (ISk, S, K.) b2: See also 1.

حَمْءٌ and حَمٌ and حَمُو [only used as a prefixed n. governing the gen. case (see حَمٌ in art. حمو)] and حَمًا (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَمَأٌ (K) A woman's husband's father; (IF, Msb, K;) and a man's wife's father: (IF, Msb:) or a man's wife's father or wife's brother or wife's paternal uncle: (M, Msb:) or any one of a woman's husband's [male] relations, (S, O, K,) as the brother and the father (S, O) and the paternal uncle; (O, TA;) and of a man's wife's relations: (K:) pl. أَحْمَآءٌ: (S, K:) the fem. is حَمَاْةٌ. (TA.) A2: See also حَمْأَةٌ.

حَمَأٌ: see حَمْءٌ: A2: and see also what next follows.

حَمْأَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَمَأٌ, (S, K,) but accord. to some, the latter is the pl. [or rather quasipl. n.] of the former; and sometimes, by poetic license, it is written ↓ حَمْءٌ; (TA;) Black mud: (S, Msb:) or black fetid mud. (K.) A2: Also, the former, A certain plant, (K,) that grows in Nejd, in the sands, and in plain, or soft, land. (TA.) حَمِئُ العَيْنِ A man of an evil eye, (Fr, K,) who injures with his eye him whom he sees and admires: no verb belonging to it has been heard. (Fr, TA.) A2: حَمِئَةٌ A well (بِئْر) or a spring (عَيْن) foul with black, fetid mud. (TA.)

حدب

1 حَدِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَدَبٌ; (S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, K;) and ↓ احدبّ, and ↓ تحادب, (K,) and ↓ احدودب; (S, K;) He (a man, Msb) was, or became, humpbaked; (Mgh, Msb;) he had a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest (A, * K) and belly: (K:) [accord. to the Msb, from حَدَبٌ signifying “ elevated ground; ” but the reverse is indicated in the A:] and it (the back) was, or became, humped, or protuberant; (S, A; *) as also ↓ انحدب. (KL.) b2: And the first, (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) rose, or grew up or out, high: (KL:) [it was, or became, gibbous, or convex; as also ↓ احدودب.] b3: حَدِبَ عَليْهِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. as above; (KL, TA;) and ↓ تحدّب; (S, A, K;) (tropical:) He was, or became, affectionate, favourable, or kind, to him. (S, A, * K, KL, TA.) And حَدِبَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا, (K, * TA,) inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ تحدّبت; (K;) (tropical:) She (a woman) applied herself constantly to the care of her child, or children, after the loss of her husband, not marrying again. (K, TA.) A2: حَدَبَ عَنْهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَدْبٌ, He repelled from him, and defended him. (MF, TA.) 2 تَحْدِيبٌ [inf. n. of حدّب] The act of elevating, or raising high, the back. (KL.) b2: [And, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, The making a thing gibbous, or convex: but this meaning which the word has in the present day, I do not find in my copy of the KL.]4 احدبهُ He (God) rendered him humpbacked. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He, or it, rendered him affectionate, favourable, or kind. (KL.) 5 تَحَدَّبَ see 1, in two places. b2: تحدّب بِهِ He, or it, clung, or clave, to it. (K, TA.) 6 تَحَاْدَبَ see 1.7 إِنْحَدَبَ see 1.9 إِحْدَبَّ see 1.12 إِحْدَوْدَبَ see 1, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (sand) was, or became, curved, or winding; or curved, or winding, and long. (K.) حَدَبٌ (tropical:) High, or elevated, ground; so in the Kur xxi. 96; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ حَدَبَةٌ; and so حَدَبٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ: (A:) or rugged and high ground: (T, K:) pl. حِدَابٌ (S) [and app., accord. to the TA, أَحْدَابٌ also, a pl. of pauc.]. and حَدَبُ الرَّمْلِ (tropical:) Sand brought by the wind, [or blown together,] and elevated. (A, TA.) and hence, as being likened to such sand, (IAar, TA,) حَدَبُ البُهْمَى (tropical:) What is scattered, and heaped up, of [the species of barley-grass called] بهمى. (IAar, K, TA.) And حَدَبُ المَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The elevated waves of water: (T, TA:) or the rolling over of water, volume over volume: (K, TA:) or the rolling of water in waves. (TA.) And حَدَبُ الغَدِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The motion and waves of the pool of water left by a torrent. (IAar, TA.) And حَدَبُ السَّيْل (tropical:) The rise, or swell, and abundance, of the torrent. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A slope in a declivity; expl. by حَدُورٌ فِى صَبَبٍ, as in the correct copies of the K, and in the L; in some copies of the K حدوب; (TA;) [in the CK حُدُورٌ;] as the حَدَب of waves (in some copies of the K, of the wind, TA, [an evident mistranscription, الريح for الموج,]) and of sand. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A mark left upon the skin; (As, K;) such as the [weal or] swelling and thickness produced by beating. (As, TA.) b4: (tropical:) The intenseness of the cold of winter. (A, K.) A2: A certain plant: or the [plant called] نَصِىّ. (K.) حَدِبٌ: see أَحْدَبُ. b2: Also (tropical:) Affectionate, favourable, or kind. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ حَدِبٌ عَلَى أَخِيهِ (tropical:) He is affectionate, &c., to his brother. (A.) A2: أَرْضٌ حَدِبَةٌ A land abounding with the plant called حَدَب. (K.) حَذَبَةٌ A hump on the back. (Az, S, A, Mgh.) b2: See also حَدَبٌ.

حَدَابِ, like قَطَامِ, (K,) indecl., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: (K:) or a year of severe drought. (TA.) حُدَيْبَآءُ: see what next follows.

أَحْدَبُ Humpbacked; (S, Mgh, Msb;) having a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly; (K;) and ↓ حَدِبٌ signifies the same: (Sb, S, K:) fem. of the former حَدْبَآءُ: (Msb:) and pl. حُدْبٌ. (Msb, TA.) اِبْنَةٌ

↓ حُدَيْبَآءُ (dim. of حَدْبَآءُ), meaning A little humpbacked daughter, occurs in a trad. (TA.) b2: Hence, آلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (see a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, voce آلَةٌ, in art. اول,) (assumed tropical:) A gibbous bier: (A, * TA:) or (as used in that verse) it means a distressing state, or condition: or an elevated apparatus. (TA.) And رَمْلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (assumed tropical:) [A gibbous tract of sand]. (ISh, K in art. دبح, &c.) And نَاقَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (S, A,) or دَابَّةٌ حدبَآءُ, (K,) (tropical:) A she-camel, (S, A,) or a beast, (K,) the prominent parts of whose hips, (S, A, K,) and the bone of whose back, (TA,) appear, (S, A, K,) by reason of her leanness. (A, TA.) And حَدْبَآءُ حِدْبِيرٌ and حِدْبَارٌ are expressions used in the same sense: (L, TA:) pl. حُدْبٌ حَدَابِيرُ. (S, L, TA.) b3: الأَحْدَبُ is the name of A vein (عِرْق) penetrating into, or lying within, the bone (عَظْمَ [app. a mistranscription for عَظَمَة the upper portion]) of the fore-arm. (K.) b4: أَمْرٌ أَحْدَبُ (A) and خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (A, TA) (tropical:) A difficult affair: (A, TA:) and أُمُورٌ حُدْبٌ (A, TA) and حُدْبُ الأُمُورِ (K) (tropical:) difficult affairs; (A, K, TA;) sing. حَدْبَآءُ [for خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ or the like]. (K.) And سَنَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (tropical:) A severe, cold year. (A, TA.) [Hence,] وَسِيقٌ أَحْدَبُ (assumed tropical:) A quick driving. (TA.) b5: [Hence, also,] الأَحْدَبُ [used as a subst.] (assumed tropical:) Vehemence, severity, difficulty, or distress; syn. الشِّدَّةُ. (K.) A2: [Also (assumed tropical:) More, and most, affectionate, favourable, or kind.] أَحْدَبُهُمْ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِينَ, said of Aboo-Bekr, in a trad. of 'Alee, means (assumed tropical:) The most affectionate, favourable, or kind, of them, to the Muslims. (TA.)

حوب

1 حَابَ, (Msb, K,) sec. Pers\. حُبْتُ, (S,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَوْبٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَوْبَةٌ and حِيَابَةٌ, (S, K, accord. to one copy of the K حِيَابٌ,) and حِيبَةٌ (TA) and حُوبٌ; (K;) or this last is a simple subst.; or, as some say, it and حَوْبٌ are two dial. vars.; that with damm, of the dial. of El-Hijáz; and that with fet-h, of the dial. of Temeem; (Msb;) accord. to Zj, that with damm signifies “ sin, or crime; ” and that with fet-h, the “ act ” of a man; [i. e. the “ act of committing a sin, or crime; ”] (TA;) He sinned; committed a sin, or crime; did what was unlawful; (S, Msb, K;) بِكَذَا [by such a thing]. (S, K.) b2: Also, aor. as above, [inf. n. not mentioned,] He, or it, became in an evil condition, or state. (TA.) b3: He slew [another]: of the dial. of the tribe of Asad. (TA.) A2: حَوْبٌ also signifies The act of chiding a male camel [by the cry حَوْبِ]. (Lth, TA.) [See also 2.]2 حوّب بِالإِبِلِ, (S, K, *) inf. n. تَحْوِيبٌ, (K,) He chid the camels (S, K) by the cry حَوْبِ حَوْبِ. (S.) [See also 1.]4 أَحْوَبَ He pursued a course that led him to sin, or crime. (K, TA.) A2: مَا أَحَبْتُهُ for مَا أَحْبَبْتُهُ: see 4 in art. حب.5 تحوّب He abstained from, shunned, or avoided, sin, or crime; put it away from himself: (A 'Obeyd, S, K, TA:) he applied himself to acts, or exercises, of devotion; became devout, or a devotee. (IJ, TA.) Here the form تَفَعَّلَ is deprived of the radical signification, as in the cases of the syn. words تَأَثَّمَ and تَحَنَّثَ; though its property is oftener to confirm the radical signification. (TA. [See تحنّث.]) You say, تحوّب مِنْ كَذَا He abstained from such a thing as a sin, or crime. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA. [See also another explanation below.]) b2: He humbled himself in his prayer, or supplication. (TA.) b3: He expressed pain, grief, or sorrow; lamented, or complained. (S, K, * TA.) And تحوّب مِنْ كَذَا He was enraged, and expressed pain or grief or sorrow, or lamented, or complained, by reason of such a thing. (TA. [See another explanation above.]) b4: He cried out, expressing pain or grief or sorrow, or lamenting, or complaining: he cried aloud, or vehemently, in prayer, or supplication. (TA.) He wept, in impatience, or sorrow, and with loud crying: and sometimes, in a general sense, he cried out, or aloud, (TA.) b5: He (a jackal) cried, or howled: because his cry is like that of a person expressing pain or grief or sorrow, or lamenting, or complaining, as though he were writhing from the pain of hunger or beating. (S, TA.) حَبْ and حَبٍ: see حَوْبٍ, in five places.

حَابْ and حَابِ: see حَوْبِ, in five places.

حَابٌ: see حُوبٌ.

حَوْبِ and حَوْبُ and حَوْبَ (S, K) and ↓ حَابِ (K) A cry used for chiding a camel: (S:) or a cry by which a male camel is chidden, (Lth, IAth, K,) to urge him on; (Lth, TA;) like as a she-camel is by the cry حَلْ and حَلِ and حَلِى: the first form (حَوْبِ) is that used by the Arabs [in general]; but the other forms are allowable: حَوْبْ حَوْبْ also occurs, with the ب quiescent; and حَوْبًا حَوْبًا occurs in a trad., in the same sense: also, لَا مَشَيْتُ ↓ حَبْ and ↓ حَبِ and ↓ حَابْ and ↓ حَابِ [On! mayest thou not walk, or mayest thou not be rightly directed; حب &c. being syn. with حَوْبِ, and followed by an imprecation]. (TA.) Hence, حَوْبَكَ هَلْ يُعْتَمُ بِالسَّمَارِ Urge on! Should a delay be made in bringing milk much diluted with water? i. e., if thou entertain with milk much diluted with water, wherefore tardiness? a prov., applied to him who delays the fulfilment of his promise, and then gives little. (MF.) حَوْبٌ: see حُوبٌ, in two places: A2: and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in four places. b2: Also Grief, or sorrow: and loneliness, or solitariness: and so ↓ حُوبٌ, in both these senses. (K.) b3: Difficulty, distress, trouble, or fatigue; syn. جَهْدٌ. (K. [That جهد is to be thus understood here is indicated in the TA.]) b4: Pain. (K.) A3: A difficult road. (TA.) A4: A kind, or sort: and a mode, or manner. (K, TA.) You say, سَمِعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا حَوْبَيْنِ I heard, or have heard, of this, two kinds, or modes: and رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ حَوْبَيْنِ I saw, or have seen, of it, two kinds, or modes. (TA.) A5: A he-camel: (K:) or a bulky he-camel: so called from the cry حَوْبِ, by which he is urged; like as a mule is called عَدَسٌ: (Lth, TA:) or it signifies originally a he-camel, and hence, from its frequency of usage, the cry حوب by which he is urged. (K, * TA.) حُوبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ حَوْبٌ, (Msb, * K,) said by some to be two dial. vars., (Msb, [see 1, first sentence,]) and ↓ حَابٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَوْبَةٌ (A 'Obeyd, K) and ↓ حُوبَةٌ (A 'Obeyd, TA) and ↓ حَابَةٌ (K) and ↓ حِيبَةٌ, (TA,) Sin, or crime: or a sin, or a crime: (S, A, Msb, K:) accord. to A 'Obeyd, the first and second signify any sin or crime; (TA;) [as also, app., حَابٌ;] and حوبة [i. e. حَوْبَةٌ and حُوبَةٌ, the former particularly mentioned in the Msb, and app. حَابَةٌ also], a single sin or crime: (Msb, TA:) accord. to Fr, حُوبٌ signifies great sin, or a great sin: accord. to Katádeh, wrong, injustice, or tyranny: thus in the Kur iv. 2; where El-Hasan read ↓ حَوْبًا instead of حُوبًا. (TA.) One says, رَبِّ تَقَبَّلْ تَوْبَتِى

↓ وَاغْسِلْ حَوْبَتِى (T, TA) i. e. [O my Lord, accept my repentance, and wash away] my sin, or crime. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) El-Mukhabbal Es-Saadee says, ↓ فَلَا تُدْخِلَنَّ الدَّهْرَ قَبْرَكَ حَوْبَةً

يَقُومُ بِهَا يَوْمًا عَلَيْكِ حَسِيبُ [Then introduce not thou, ever, into thy grave, a sin with which a reckoner, or taker of vengeance, may one day rise up against thee]. (TA.) A2: حُوبٌ also signifies Perdition, destruction, or death. (K.) [Hence, app.,] اِبْنَةُ حوبٍ A quiver; syn. كِنَانَةٌ. (TA. [The vowel of the ح is not indicated.]) b2: Disease. (K.) b3: A trial, a trouble, or an affliction. (K.) You say, هٰؤُلَآءِ عِيَالُ أَبِى

حُوبٍ [These are the family of the father of trouble; i. e., of one who is in trouble]. (TA.) b4: See also حَوْبٌ.

A3: And see حَوْبَآءُ.

حَابَةٌ: see حُوبٌ.

حَوْبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ, in three places.

A2: Also Maternal tenderness of heart. (K.) b2: Anxiety; (S, K;) and so ↓ حِيبَةٌ. (TA.) b3: Want; poverty; indigence; (S, K;) as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ and ↓ حَوْبٌ. (K.) You say, in prayer, إِلَيْكَ أَرْفَعُ حَوْبَتِى i. e. [To Thee I make known] my want. (TA from a trad.) And أَلْحَقَ اللّٰهُ بِهِ الحَوْبَةَ May God bring upon him want, or poverty, or indigence. (S, * TA.) [And hence,] ↓ اِبْنُ حَوْبٍ A man oppressed by difficulty, trouble, distress, or adversity; a man in need: i. e. any man in such a state. (IAar, TA.) And ↓ عِيَالُ ابْنِ حَوْبٍ [The family of a man oppressed by difficulty, &c.]. (TA.) b4: A state, or condition; as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ: (K:) but only used in speaking of an evil state; as in the phrases, بَاتَ بِحَوْبَةِ سُوْءٍ and سُوْءٍ ↓ بِحِيبَةِ He passed the night in an evil state or condition. (TA.) b5: [Hence also, for ذُو حَوْبَةٍ, and ذَاتُ حَوْبَةٍ, and ذَوُو حَوْبَةٍ,] A weak man; (Az, S, K;) as also ↓ حُوبَةٌ: (K:) and a weak woman: (TA:) and weak persons: (S:) and [a man who can neither profit nor harm; or] a man having neither good nor evil: (S:) pl. حُوَبٌ. (Az, S.) It is said in a trad., اِتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ فِى الحَوْبَاتِ, for ذَوَاتِ الحَوْبَاتِ, i. e. Fear ye God with respect to the needy women, who cannot do without some one to maintain them, and to take constant care of them. (TA.) And you say, إِنَّ لِى أَعُولُهَا Verily I have a weak family to maintain. (S.) b6: A person whom one is under an obligation to respect, or honour, or defend, and who may be subjected to loss, or ruin, [if abandoned,] such as a mother, or sister, or daughter, or any other female relation within the prohibited degrees of marriage; as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ: (ISk, S:) any such relation whom it is sinful to subject to loss, or ruin, by abandoning her: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or a mother: (K:) by some explained peculiarly as having this meaning: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) and a wife; or a concubine; (K;) because both require to be maintained: (TA:) and, as also ↓ حَوْبٌ, The father and mother: and a sister: and a daughter. (K.) You say, لِى فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ حَوْبَةٍ and ↓ حِيبَةٌ (ISk, S, K *) and ↓ حُوبَةٌ (K) I have, among the sons of such a one, a female relation such as any of those above specified: (ISk, S:) or one to whom I bear relationship on the side of the mother: (K:) or a relation within the prohibited degrees of marriage. (Az, TA.) b7: A sacred, or an inviolable, right of a person, which it would be sinful to disregard; as in the saying, فَعَلْتُهُ لِحَوْبَةِ فُلَانٍ [I did it for the sake of the sacred, or inviolable, right of such a one]. (A.) b8: A horse, or similar beast; syn. دَابَّةٌ: (K:) for this, also, cannot do without some one to take constant care of it, and to sustain it. (TA.) A3: The middle of a house. (K.) Perhaps the ب in this instance is a substitute for م. (TA.) حُوبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ: A2: and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in two places.

A3: حُوبَةٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ A bad tract of land; as also ↓ حِيبَةٌ. (TA.) حِيبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ: A2: and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in six places: A3: and حُوبَةٌ.

حَوْبَآءُ The soul; syn. نَفْسٌ; (Az, S, K;) as also ↓ حُوبٌ: (Az, K:) or the soul whose seat is in the heart; syn. رُوحُ القَلْبِ [also called the animal soul, رُوح حَيَوَانِىّ: see art. روح]: AHei asserts, in a disquisition on the heart, that this word is formed by transcription form حَبْوَآءُ: (TA:) pl. حَوْبَاوَاتٌ. (S, K.) You say, حَرَسَ اللّٰهُ حَوْبَآءَكَ [May God guard, or preserve, thy soul]. (A.) b2: [Also] The body, or person; in Persian تَنْ. (KL.) حَائِبٌ Slaying; or a slayer: of the dial. of the tribe of Asad. (TA.) أَحْوَبُ, as an epithet applied to a man, More, or most, or very, sinful, or criminal. (S, TA. [This meaning is implied, but not expressed.]) مُحَوِّبٌ, (K,) or, accord. to some, مُحَوَّبٌ, (MF,) and ↓ مُتَحَوِّبٌ, (K,) A man whose wealth passes away from him, and then returns. (K.) مُتَحَوِّبٌ: see what next precedes.

حيد

1 حَادَ عَنْهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حُيُودٌ and حَيْدَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and حَيْدٌ and حَيَدَانٌ and مَحِيدٌ (K) and حَيْدُودَةٌ, (S, K,) which last is originally حَيَدُودَةٌ, with the ى movent; this letter being afterwards made quiescent; for there is not in the language any word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, except صَعْفُوقٌ; (S; [see the remarks on شَيْخُوخَةٌ, voce شَاخَ;]) He declined, or turned aside or away, from it; (S, A, K;) removed, went away, or went far away, from it; (Msb;) namely, a road, (S,) or a thing: (Msb:) he shunned, or avoided, it, from fear, or from disdain. (Az, L.) [See also 3.] You say, مَا لَكَ مَحِيدٌ عَنْ ذٰلِكَ There is not, for thee, any avoiding that. (L.) And حَادَتِ الدَّابَّةُ The beast became scared, or shied, and quitted the middle of the road. (L.) b2: حاد بِهِ, and ↓ احادهُ, He removed, took away, or took far away, him, or it; [عَنْ شَىْءٍ from a thing;] similar to ذَهَبَ بِهِ and أَذْهَبَهُ. (Msb.) 2 قَدَّ السَّيْرَ فَحَيَّدَهُ He cut, or cut lengthwise, the thong, or strip of skin or leather, and made it to have parts projecting beyond the rest. (L, K.) 3 حايدهُ, inf. n. مُحَايَدَةٌ and حِيَادٌ, He went, or turned, aside from, or away from, or he avoided, or he went, or removed, to a distance from, him, or it: (S, L, K:) [see also 1:] or, accord. to the A, he inclined upon, or against, him, or it. (TA.) 4 أَحْيَدَ see 1.

حَيْدٌ A rising, or protuberant, or prominent, part of a side of a thing: (L, K:) so of the head; (Lth, L;) as also ↓ حَيْدَةٌ: (A:) a knot, knob, or protuberance, of a stick or branch; [as also ↓ حَيْدَةٌ: (AHn, TA voce بَلْطٌ, q. v.:)] a part of a strap, or thong, projecting beyond the rest: (L:) any rib, (L, K,) or other bone, (L,) that curves much [and is therefore prominent]: (L, K:) [see an ex. voce حَابٍ, in art. حبو:] a knot in the horn of a mountain-goat; (A, * L, K;) or this is termed ↓ حَيْدَةٌ: (S, L:) a twisted part of a horn: a twisted internodal portion of a horn: (L:) any prominence in a horn, and in a mountain, (S, L, K,) &c.: (S, L:) a prominent and curved part of a mountain: (T:) a projecting portion, or ledge, of a mountain, resembling a wing: (S, M, L, K:) pl. (of the former word, S) أَحْيَادٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and (of both words, S) حُيُودٌ and (of the latter, S) حِيَدٌ: (S, K:) the حُيُود of a camel are such parts as the hips, or haunches, and thighs. (L.) You say جَبَلٌ ذُو حُيُودٍ and أَحْيَادٍ, meaning A mountain having projecting edges in its lower parts, not in its upper parts. (S.) And قَعَدْتُ تَحْتَ حَيْدِ الجَبَلِ I sat beneath the part of the mountain that projected like a wing. (A.) حَيْدَةٌ: see حَيْدٌ, in three places. b2: Also The rugged part of a road. (A.) b3: An evil look, (A, K,) with a turning aside. (A.) You say, مَا نَظَرَ إِلَىَّ إِلَّا الحَيْدَةَ, (A,) or إِلَّا نَظَرَ الحَيْدَةِ, (TA,) He looked not towards me save with an evil look, with a turning aside. (A, TA.) حَيَدَى The manner of walking of a proud and self-conceited person. (K.) b2: حِمَارٌ حَيَدَى (S, K) and ↓ حَيِّدٌ, (K,) each occurring in a verse of [Umeiyeh the son of] Aboo-'Áïdh El-Hudhalee accord. to different relations thereof, (L, [see جَمَّازٌ,]) An ass that turns aside from, or shies at, his shadow, by reason of his briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: (S, K:) or that is wont often to turn aside from things, or to shy at them. (S.) حَيَدَى is also applied as an epithet to a she-ass. (IAar.) It is [said to be] the only masc. epithet of the measure فَعَلَى, (S, K,) except دَلَظَى a man “ who thrusts vehemently,” (IJ,) and وَقَرَى [but this is written in the K وَقَرِىٌّ] “ a pastor of a وَقِير, or flock of sheep,” and قَفَطَى vir “ multum coiens,” and جَمَزَى a “ quick ” ass. (MF.) But probably حَيِّدٌ is the only correct word of the two above mentioned. (L.) [Or حِمَارٌ حَيَدَى is for حِمَارٌ ذُو حَيَدَى: see جَمَزَى, voce جَمَّازٌ.]

حَيْدَانٌ Pebbles that become thrown aside from the legs of a beast as he goes along. (S, K.) حَيِّدٌ: see حَيَدَى.

حَيَادِ, like قَطَامِ, (L,) indecl., with kesr for its termination, [and of the fem. gender,] occurs in the phrase (TA) حِيدِى حَيَادِ, similar to فِيحِى فَيَاحِ, (S, L, K,) meaning Turn thou aside, or away, [from me:] (A, L:) said by one when the time for fighting is come, (L,) and by one fleeing. (Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed.) حَيُودٌ [That declines, or goes away, much, or frequently]: an intensive epithet, applied by 'Alee to worldly prosperity (الدُّنْيَا). (L.) مَحِيدٌ an inf. n. of حَادَ. (K.) b2: [It may also be used, agreeably with analogy, as a noun of place, signifying A place to which one turns aside or away; to which one removes, goes away, or goes far away.]

حبر

1 حَبَرَهُ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. حَبْرٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and ↓ حبّرهُ, (TA,) inf. n. تَحْبيرٌ; (S, K, TA;) or the latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He made it beautiful, beautified it, (S, K, TA,) or adorned it, or embellished it, (Msb,) and made it plain; (TA;) namely, handwriting, and poetry, &c., (S, K, both in relation to the latter verb, and TA in relation to both verbs,) such as language, or speech, and science, (S, TA,) and pronunciation, and a recitation; meaning, with respect to the last, the voice [with which he recited]. (TA.) b2: Also حَبَرَهُ, (S, A, L, Msb, but in the Msb “ or,” not “ also,”) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَبْرٌ (S, Msb) and حَبْرَةٌ; (S;) and ↓ احبرهُ; (K;) and in an intensive sense ↓ حبّرهُ; (Msb;) He, (God, A,) or it, (a thing, or an affair or event, S, L,) made him happy, joyful, or glad; (S, A, L, Msb, K;) affected him with a happiness, joy, or gladness, that made his face to shine, or of which the mark, or sign, (حَبَار, i. e. أَثَر,) appeared upon his countenance; (Bd in xliii. 70, in explanation of the pass. form of the first of these verbs;) he made him to enjoy a state of ease and plenty; and treated him with honour: (Lth and S in explanation of the pass. form of the first verb as used in the Kur xxx. 14:) or treated him with extraordinary honour. (Bd in xliii. 70, and TA.) [حُبِرَ, properly signifying He was made happy, &c., may be used as meaning he was, or became, happy, &c.; like سُرَّ; and حُبُورٌ, and its syns. mentioned with it below, may be regarded as its inf. ns. Golius, app. from his finding حَبَرٌ explained in the KL as an inf. n. meaning The being happy, &c., (شَادْ شُدَنْ,) assigns to حُبِرَ جِلْدُهُ, as on the authority of that lexicon, the meaning of “ hilaris lætusque fuit; ” but I have not found this verb in any Arabic work.]

A2: حُبِرَ جِلْدُهُ His skin was beaten so that there remained the mark of the beating. (K.) A3: حَبِرَ الجُرْحُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَبَرٌ, (S,) The wound broke out afresh: (S, K:) or became healed, but left scars. (Ks, S, K.) b2: حَبرَتْ أَسْنَانُهُ, aor. ـَ (S, A, * Msb, K,) inf. n. حَبَرٌ, (S, Msb, *) His teeth became of a yellow colour mingled with the whiteness: (K:) or became yellow; (A, Msb;) syn. قَلِحَتْ. (S.) [See also حِبِرٌ.]2 حبّرهُ: see 1, in two places. b2: Also, inf. n. تَحْبِيرٌ, He pared it well; namely, an arrow. (TA.) 4 احبرهُ: see 1.

A2: احبر بِهِ He, or it, left a mark upon him, or it. (TA.) And احبرِت الضَّرْبَةُ جِلْدَهُ and بِجِلْدِهِ The blow made a mark, or marks, upon his skin. (TA.) حَبْرٌ: see حُبُورٌ, in two places: b2: and حِبْرٌ, in two places: b3: and حِبِرٌ.

A2: Also حَبْرٌ and ↓ حِبْرٌ; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) but As says, I know not whether it be the former or the latter: (S:) IAar says both: A 'Obeyd says that some of the lawyers say the former; and some, the latter; (TA;) and that in his opinion it is the former: (S, TA:) AHeyth, that it is the former only: (TA:) Th mentions the former only: (Msb:) Fr says it is the latter only: (TA:) and the latter is [said to be] the more chaste because the pl. is of the measure أَفْعَالٌ, and not فُعُولٌ: (S, TA:) [but a pl. of the latter measure is also mentioned:] A learned man (As, S, Msb, K) of the Jews: (S, A:) or whether he be a Christian or Jewish or Sabean subject of a Muslim government, who pays a poll-tax for his freedom and toleration, or one who, having been such, has become a Muslim: or one skilled in the beautifying of language: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or a good, or righteous, man: (Kaab, K, TA:) pl. (of the former, Msb) حُبُورٌ, (Msb, K,) [but this is seldom used,] and (of the latter, Msb) أَحْبَارٌ. (IDrst, S, A, Msb, K, &c.) حِبْرٌ Ink, syn. مَدَادٌ, (Msb,) and نِقْسٌ, (K,) with which one writes: (S, Msb:) so called because it is one of the means of beautifying writings; (Mohammad Ibn-Zeyd, TA;) or because it beautifies, and makes plain, handwriting; (Hr, TA;) or because of the marks that it leaves: (As, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْبَارٌ (IDrst, TA) and [of mult.]

حُبُورٌ. (TA.) b2: I. q. وَشْىٌ [The variegation, or figuring, of cloth or of a garment; or a kind of variegated, or figured, cloth or garment]: (IAar, K:) pl. حُبُورٌ. (K, * TA.) [See also حِبَرَةٌ.] b3: A mark, or sign, of the enjoyment of ease and plenty: (As, S, K: [in one copy of the S, and in the CK, for أَثَرُ النَّعْمَةِ, I find, erroneously, أَثَرُ النِّعْمَةِ:]) and [hence,] beauty; (As, S, A, K;) beauty of aspect; or a beautiful and pleasing aspect, that satisfies the eye by its comeliness: (As, S, TA:) colour; complexion: (Fr, IAar, S, TA:) pl. أَحْبَارٌ (S) and حُبُورٌ. (K, * TA.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الحِبْرِ وَالسِّبْرِ Verily he is beautiful, and of goodly appearance: (As, S:) or of beautiful complexion. (IAar.) And ذَهَبَ حِبْرُهُ وَسِبْرُهُ His colour, or complexion, (Fr, S,) or beautiful, (A,) and goodliness of form or aspect, departed: (Fr, S, A:) from the saying, جَآءَتِ الأَبِلُ حَسَنَةَ الأَحْبَارِ وَالأَسْبَارِ [The camels came beautiful in colours and in appearances]. (Fr, S, A. *) One says also, وَالسَّبْرِ ↓ فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الحَبْرِ: where حبر seems to be the inf. n. of حَبَرْتُهُ “ I made him, or it, beautiful. ” (S.) b4: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حَبْرٌ (TA) and ↓ حَبَرٌ (K) and ↓ حَبَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِبَارٌ, (A, K,) A mark, or trace, (S, A, K,) of beating, (A,) or of a blow that has not brought blood, or of a healed wound, (TA,) or of work, or labour: (A, TA:) pl. of the first [or second] حُبُورٌ (Yaakoob, S, K) and [of the first and third, accord. to analogy,] أَحْبَارٌ; (TA;) and of the fourth حَبَارَاتٌ, (Yaakoob, S, TA,) it having no broken pl. (TA.) One says, بِهِ حُبُورٌ Upon him are marks [of beating, &c.]. (S.) and الضَّرْبِ ↓ بِجِلْدِهِ حِبَارُ Upon his skin is the mark of beating. (A.) And العَمَلِ ↓ بِيَدِهِ حِبَارُ Upon his hand is the mark of work, or labour. (A.) b5: See also حِبِرٌ. b6: And see حُبُورٌ.

A2: Also, [like the Hebrew ?, and the Chaldee ?,] A like; an equal; a fellow. (K.) b2: See also حَبْرٌ.

حَبَرٌ: see حُبُورٌ: A2: and حِبْرٌ: b2: and حِبَرَةٌ.

حَبِرٌ: see حَبِيرٌ.

حِبَرٌ: see حِبَرَةٌ.

حِبِرٌ, (Msb, K,) the only subst. of this form beside إِبِلٌ, (Msb,) [and a few rare dial. vars.,] and ↓ حِبْرٌ (K) and ↓ حَبْرٌ (A, K) and ↓ حِبِرَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَبْرَةٌ (A, K,) and ↓ حُبْرَةٌ; (K;) or حِبِرٌ, without ة, [as also حِبْرٌ and حَبْرٌ,] is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], (S,) and with ة it is said to be a n. un. ; (Msb;) A yellowness that mingles with the whiteness of the teeth; (K;) a yellowness of the teeth; (Sh, A, Msb;) what is termed قَلَحٌ in the teeth: (S:) or قَلَحٌ is when they become green: and when the crust increases so as to encroach upon the gums, and to make the roots of the teeth to appear, this is what is termed حَفْرٌ and حَفَرٌ: (Sh, Msb, TA:) pl. حُبُورٌ. (K.) حَبْرَةٌ: see حُبُورٌ, in three places. b2: Also Extraordinariness (مُبَالَغَةٌ) in a thing that is described as beautiful. (K.) [See 1.] b3: A musical performance, or concert, instrumental or vocal or both, (سَمَاعٌ,) in Paradise; (Zj, K;) agreeably with which signification Zj explains [the verb in] the verse of the Kur [xxx. 14, or xliii. 70]: (TA:) and any sweet melody. (K.) A2: See also حِبِرٌ.

حُبْرَةٌ: see حِبِرٌ.

حَبَرَةٌ: see حُبُورٌ: A2: and see also the next paragraph, in two places.

حِبَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حَبَرَةٌ (K) A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد, (S, Mgh,) or a sort of بُرْد, (K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen, (S, Mgh, K,) striped (مُنَمَّرٌ [or this word, q. v., may perhaps signify spotted]); (TA;) a kind of garment of the fabric of El-Yemen, of cotton or linen, striped (مُخَطَّطٌ): (Msb:) pl. حِبَرٌ and حِبَرَاتٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَبَرٌ and حَبَرَاتٌ: (TA:) [or rather ↓ حِبَرٌ and ↓ حَبَرٌ are coll. gen. ns.] Accord. to Lth, (Az, Mgh, TA,) حبرة is not a place, nor a known thing, but only signifies وَشْىٌ [see حِبْرٌ]; (Az, Mgh, Msb, TA;) and one says بُرْدٌ حِبَرَةٌ (Msb, TA) and بُرُودٌ حِبَرَةٌ, (TA,) and بُرْدُ حِبَرَةٍ (Mgh, Msb, TA) and بُرُودُ حِبَرَةٍ, (Mgh, TA,) like as one says ثُوْبُ قِرْمِزٍ, the word قرمز signifying a certain dye. (Az, Msb, TA.) [The term ↓ حَبَرَةٌ is now applied in Egypt to A lady's outer covering of silk, black for the married, and white for the unmarried, worn in ridding and walking abroad; the former worn also by concubine slaves. See also حَبِيرٌ.]

حِبِرَةٌ: see حِبِرٌ.

حِبْرِىٌّ A seller of ink. (K.) ↓ حَبَّارٌ, also, is mentioned as having the same signification; and some say that analogy is a sufficient authority for it: but it is disallowed by F. (TA.) حِبَرِىٌّ, not ↓ حَبَّارٌ, (K,) or the latter is allowable on the ground of analogy, (MF,) A seller of the garments called حِبَرٌ. (K.) [See حِبَرَةٌ.]

حُبْرُورٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ حِبْرِيرٌ and ↓ حَبَرْبَرٌ and ↓ حُبُرْبُورٌ and ↓ يَحْبُورٌ [in the CK بَحْبُورٌ] and ↓ حُبُّورٌ (K) The young one of the حُبَارَى: (Msb, K:) pl. حَبَارِيرُ and حَبَابِيرُ. (K.) [See also يَحْبُورٌ below.]

حِبْرِيرٌ: see what next precedes.

حَبَرْبَرٌ: see what next precedes.

حُبُرْبُورٌ: see what next precedes.

حَبَارٌ: see حِبْرٌ. b2: Also The هَيْئَة [i. e. form, or aspect, or the like, or goodliness of form or aspect,] of a man. (Aboo-Safwán, Lh.) حِبَارٌ: see حِبْرٌ, in three places.

حُبُورٌ and ↓ حَبْرٌ, (S, K,) or ↓ حِبْرٌ, with kesr, (Msb,) and ↓ حَبَرٌ, which last occurs in a verse of El-'Ajjáj, for حَبْرٌ, [by poetic license,] (S,) and ↓ حَبْرَةٌ (A, K) and ↓ حَبَرَةٌ, (K,) Happiness, joy, or gladness: (S, Msb, K:) or the first signifies cheerfulness; i. e. pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, which has a visible effect in the aspect: (TA voce سُرُورٌ:) and the same word (IAth) and ↓ حَبْرَةٌ (Az, IAth, K) and ↓ حَبْرٌ, (K,) a state of ease and plenty; syn. نَعْمَةٌ: (IAth, K: [in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K, erroneously, نِعْمَة:]) or a state of complete, or perfect, ease and plenty: (Az:) and ampleness of the circumstances of life. (IAth.) [See 1. Hence the saying,] بَعْدَهَا عَبْرَةٌ ↓ كُلُّ حَبْرَةٍ [After every state of happiness, or joy, &c., is a tear]. (A.) حَبِيرٌ A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد, variegated, (مُوَشَّىِ,) (K,) [i. e.] striped. (TA.) One says بُرْدٌ حَبِيرٌ and بُرْدُ حَبِيرٍ. (TA.) [See also حِبَرَةٌ. Hence the saying,] لَبِسَ حَبِيرَ الحُبُورِ وَاسْتَوَى

عَلَى سَرِيرِ السُّرُورِ (tropical:) [He clad himself with the mantle of cheerfulness, and seated himself firmly upon the couch of happiness]. (A.) b2: Also, applies to a garment, or piece of cloth, New: (S, K:) and soft and new; (K, TA;) applied to the same; (TA;) and so ↓ حَبِرٌ; (K;) which also signifies a soft thing: (TA:) pl. of the former حُبْرٌ. (K.) b3: And Clouds; syn. سَحَابٌ: (S:) or clouds spotted (مُنَمَّرٌ); (K;) in which one sees what resembles تَنْمِير, by reason of the abundance of their water; but Er-Riyáshee disapproves of this. (TA.) حُبَارَى [a word respecting which J says,] its alif [written ى] is not the fem. alif nor the alif of quasi-coordination; [as F says of the alif of قَبَعْثَرًى, though he finds fault with J for saying thus of the alif of حُبَارَى; (see أَلِفُ التَّكْثِيرِ, in art. ا)] the name [says J] being only composed with it, so that it is as it were a part of the word itself, which is imperfectly decl. when determinate and when indeterminate; i. e., without tenween: (S:) but its alif is the fem. alif; for were it not so, it would be perfectly decl.; (K;) and J says that it is imperfectly decl.: (TA:) and his saying that the alif is [as it were] a part of the word itself is a strange expression, for which it would be difficult to give an answer, and which therefore requires not exorbitance: but “ it is sufficient excellence for a man that his faults may be counted: ” (M:) [A species of bustard;] a certain bird, (S, Msb, K,) well known, of the form of the goose, with a dustcolour upon its head and belly, and the back and wings of which are for the most part of the colour of the quail; (Msb;) or it is a long-necked bird, of an ash-colour, of the form of the goose, with a beak somewhat long, and that is preyed upon, but does not itself prey: Az says that it does not drink water, and that it lays its eggs in distant sands: [the truth is, that it drinks seldom: the male bird has a pouch, extending from beneath the tongue to the breast, said to be large enough to contain seven quarts of water; and it has been supposed by some that he fills this with water for the supply of himself and his mate:] and Az further says, We used, when we journeyed, to proceed in the mountains of EdDahnà, and sometimes we picked up in one day between four and eight of its eggs: it lays four eggs, of a bluish colour, more delicious in taste than those of the domestic hen and than those of the ostrich: and others say that it brings its food from a greater distance than any other bird; sometimes from a distance of many days' journey: also, that it is constantly provided with a thin excrement, or dung, which it voids upon the hawk when pursued by the latter; thus saving itself, by preventing the hawk from continuing its flight, and, as some say, causing its feathers to drop off: whence the prov., أَسْلَحُ مِنْ حُبَارَى: [see art. سلح:] (TA:) حُبَارَى is applied alike to the male and the female, and used as sing. and pl.: (S, K:) but it has pl. forms, (TA,) namely, حُبَارَيَاتٌ (S, Msb, K, TA) and حُبَارَاتٌ: (TA:) accord. to Sb, it has not حَبَارٍ, [in the TA incorrectly written حَبَارِى, as though it had the article ال prefixed to it, or were prefixed to another noun,] nor حَبَائِرُ, [though both of these are mentioned as pls. of it in several of the grammars of the Arabs,] in order to distinguish between حُبَارَى and nouns of the measures فَعْلَآءُ and فِعَالَةٌ and the like. (TA.) It is said in a prov., وَكُلُّ شَىْءٍ قَدْ يُحِبُّ وَلَدَهْ حَتَّى الحُبَارَى وَتَطِيرُ عَنَدَهُ [And everything certainly loves its offspring: even the bustard; and it flies by its side]: (S, Mgh: *) [in the TA, وَيَدِفُّ عَنَدَهْ:] it flies by the side of its young one to teach it to fly before its wings have grown, because of its stupidity: (TA:) the حبارى is thus specially mentioned because it is proverbial for stupidity, and, notwithstanding its stupidity, loves its offspring, and teaches it to fly. (S, Mgh.) Another prov. is, فُلَانٌ مَيِّتْ كَمَدَ الحُبَارَى [Such a one is dying with the concealed grief of the bustard]: because the حبارى moults with other birds, but its new feathers are slow in coming: so when the other birds fly, it is unable to do so, and dies of concealed grief. (TA.) [See also حُبْرُورٌ, and يَحْبُورٌ.]

حَبَّارٌ: see حِبْرِىٌّ: b2: and حِبَرِىٌّ.

حُبُّورٌ: see حُبْرُورٌ.

حَابُورٌ A sitting-place, or a company sitting together, (مَجْلِس,) of unrighteous persons [or revellers]: (S, K:) from حَبَرَهُ “ it made him happy,” &c. (S.) مًحْبَرَةٌ, (Msb, K,) which is the most approved form, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ محْبَرَةٌ, (S, Msb,) because it is an instrument, (Msb, TA,) a correct form, though said in the K to be incorrect, (TA,) and ↓ مَحْبُرَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مَحْبُرَّةٌ, (K,) the last used by poetic license, (TA,) The place, (S, K,) or earthern pot, or glass bottle, (TA,) in which ink is put: (S, K, TA:) pl. مَحَابِرُ. (Msb.) A2: Also, the first of these words, A thing, or things, in which happiness, joy, or gladness, is usually found: such are women said to be. (TA from a trad.) [A cause of happiness, joy, or gladness; agreeably with analogy: of the same class as مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَبْخَلَةٌ.]

مَحْبُرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِحْبَرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَحْبُرَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُحَبَّرٌ A man (T) having his skin marked by the bites of fleas. (T, K.) b2: An arrow well pared. (K.) يَحْبُورٌ, applied to a man, [Very happy, joyful, glad, or cheerful;] of the measure يَفْعُولٌ from الحُبُورُ: (S:) a soft, tender, or delicate, man: pl. يَحَابِيرُ. (AA, TA.) A2: A certain bird: or the male of the حُبَارَى: or its young one. (K.) See حُبْرُورٌ.

حجر

حَجَرَ, aor. ـُ (ISd, TA,) inf. n. حَجْرٌ (ISd, Mgh, K) and حُجْرٌ and حِجْرٌ and حُجْرَانٌ and حِجْرَانٌ, (ISd, K) He prevented, hindered, withheld, restrained, debarred, inhibited, forbade, prohibited, or interdicted, (ISd, Mgh, K,) عَلَيْهِ from him, or it: (ISd, TA:) [or عليه is here a mistranscription for عَنْهُ: for] you say, لَا حَجْرَ عَنْهُ, meaning There is no prevention, &c., from him, or it: (TA:) and حَجَرَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَجْرٌ, (S, A, * Msb,) He (a Kádee, or judge, S, A) prohibited him (a young or a lightwitted person, TA) from using, or disposing of, his property according to his own free will: (S, A, Msb, TA:) or حَجَرَ عَلَيْهِ فِى مَالِهِ he (a Kádee) prevented, or prohibited, him from consuming, or wasting, or ruining, his property. (Mgh.) b2: See also 5: b3: and 8.2 حجّرهُ: see 5. b2: حجّر حَوْلَ أَرْضِهِ [He made a bound, or an enclosure, around his land]. (A. [Perhaps from what next follows; or the reverse may be the case.]) b3: حجّر عَيْنَ الَعِيرِ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَحْجِيرٌ, (S, L,) He burned a mark round the eye of the camel with a circular cauterizing instrument: (S, L, Msb:) and حجّر عَيْنَ الدَّابَّةِ, and حَوْلَهَا, [i. e. حَوْلَ عَيْنِهَا, like as is said in the A,] he burned a mark round the eye of the beast. (L.) A2: حَجَّرَ البَعِيرُ The camel had a mark burned round each of his eyes with a circular cauterizing instrument. (K. [Perhaps this may be a mistake for حُجِّرَ البَعِيرُ: or for حَجَّرَ البَعِيرَ, meaning he burned a mark round each of the eyes of the camel &c.: but see what follows.]) b2: حجّر القَمَرُ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) The moon became surrounded by a thin line, which did not become thick: (S, K:) and (S [in the K “ or ”]) became surrounded by a halo in the clouds. (S K,) 5 تحجّر عَلَيْهِ He straitened him, (K, TA,) and made [a thing] unlawful to him, or not allowable. (TA.) And تحجّر مَا وَسَّعَهُ اللّٰهُ He made strait to himself what God made ample. (A.) And تَحَجَّرْتَ عَلَىَّ مَا وَسَّعَهُ اللّٰهُ Thou hast made strait and unlawful to me what God has made ample. (Mgh.) And تحّجر وَاسِعًا He made strait what was ample: (Msb:) or he made strait what God made ample, and made it to be peculiar to himself, exclusively of others; as also ↓ حَجَرَهُ and ↓ حجّرهُ. (TA.) A2: See also 8: A3: and 10. b2: [Hence, perhaps,] تحجّر لِلْبُرْءِ It (a wound) closed up, and consolidated, to heal. (TA from a trad.) 8 احتجر, (TA,) or احتجرحَجْرَةً, (S, Msb,) and ↓ استحجر and ↓ تحجّر, (K,) He made for himself a حُجْرَة [i. e. an enclosure for camels] (S, Msb, K.) b2: And hence, (Msb,) احتجر الأَرْضَ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ حَجَرَهَا, (TA,) He placed a land-mark to the land, (Mgh, Msb, K,) to confine it, (Mgh, Msb,) and to prevent others from encroaching upon it. (Mgh, TA.) b3: احتجر بِهِ He sought protection by him, (A, * K,) as, for instance, by God, مِنَ اشَّيْطَانِ from the devil. (A.) A2: احتجر اللَّوْحَ He put the tablet in his حِجْر [or bosom]. (K.) 10 استحجر: see 8.

A2: Also It (clay) became stone: (TA:) or became hard; as when it is made into baked bricks: (Mgh:) or became hard like stone: (A, Msb;) as also ↓ تحجّر. (A.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He became emboldened or encouraged, or he emboldened or encouraged himself, (K TA,) عَلَيْهِ against him. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 حَنْجَرَهُ He slaughtered him by cutting his throat [in the part called the حنْجَرَة]. (K in art. حنجر.) حَجْرٌ: see حِجْرٌ, in three places.

A2: Also, and ↓ حِجْرٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K TA,) [the latter of which I have found to be the more common in the present day,] and ↓ حُجْرٌ, (K, [but this I have not found in any other lexicon, and the TA, by implication, disallows it,]) The حِضْن; (Mgh, Msb, K;) [i. e. the bosom; or breast; agreeably with explanations of حِضْن in the K: or] the part beneath the armpit, extending to the flank; (Mgh, Msb;) [agreeably with other explanations of حِضْن;] of a man or woman: (S A, Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. حُجُورٌ. (S, Msb.) Hence the saying, (Mgh,) فُلَانٌ فِى حَجْرِ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is in the protection of such a one; (Az, T, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ فى حَجْرَتِهِ. (TA.) And نَشَأَ ↓ فِى حِجْرِهِ and حَجْرِهِ (assumed tropical:) He grew up in his care and protection. (K.) b2: Also ↓ حِجْرٌ (T, K) and حَجْرٌ (T, TA) [The bosom as meaning] the fore part of the garment; or the part, thereof, between one's arms. (T, K.) b3: See also حَجْرَةٌ: b4: and مَحْجِرُ العَيْنِ.

A3: Also An extended gibbous tract of sand. (K.) حُجْرٌ: see حِجْرٌ, in three places:

A2: and حَجْرٌ: b2: and مَحْجِرُ العَيْنِ.

حِجْرٌ (S A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حُجْرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حَجْرٌ, (S, K,) of which the first is the most chaste, (S,) and ↓ مَحْجَرٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَاجُورٌ (K) [and ↓ مَحْجُورٌ], Forbidden, prohibited, unlawful, inviolable, or sacred. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) Each of the first three forms occurs in different readings of the Kur vi. 139. (S.) You say, هٰذَا حِجْرٌ عَلَيْكَ This is forbidden, or unlawful, to thee. (A.) In the time of paganism, a man meeting another whom he feared, in a sacred month, used to say, ↓ حِجْرًا مَحْجُورًا, meaning It is rigorously forbidden to thee [to commit an act of hostility against me] in this month: and the latter, thereupon, would abstain from any aggression against him: and so, on the day of resurrection, the polytheists, when they see the punishment, will say to the angels, thinking that it will profit them: (Lth, S: *) but Az says that I' Ab and his companions explain these words [occurring in the Kur xxv. 24] otherwise, i. e., as said by the angels, and meaning, the joyful annunciation is forbidden to be made to you: and accord. to El-Hasan, the former word will be said by the sinners, and the latter is said by God, meaning it will be forbidden to them to be granted refuge or protection as they used to be in their former life in the world: but Az adds, it is more proper to regard the two words as composing one saying: (TA:) and the latter word is a corroborative of the former, like مَائِتٌ in the expression مَوْتٌ مَائِتٌ. (Bd.) The same words in the Kur xxv. 55 signify A strong mutual repugnance, or incongruity; as though each said what one says who seeks refuge or protection from another: or, as some say, a defined limit. (Bd.) A man says to another, “Dost thou so and so, O such a one?” and the latter replies حِجْرًا, or ↓ حُجْرًا, or ↓ حَجْرًا, meaning [I pray for] preservation, and acquitment, from this thing; a meaning reducible to that of prohibition, and of a thing that is prohibited. (Sb.) The Arabs say, on the occasion of a thing that they disapprove, لَهُ ↓ حُجْرًا, with damm, meaning, May it be averted. (S.) b2: Homeyd Ibn-Thowr says, فَهَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَغْشَى إِلَيْهَا مَحْجَرًا وَلَمِثْلُهَا يُغْشَى إِلَيْهِ المَحْجَرُ meaning, And I purposed doing to her a forbidden action: and verily the like of her is one to whom that which is forbidden is done. (S, K.) ↓ مَحْجَرٌ is also explained as signifying حُرْمَةٌ; [app. meaning a thing from which one is bound to refrain, from a motive of respect or reverence;] and to have this meaning in the verse above. (Az.) b3: Also, the first of these words, Any حَائِط [i. e. garden, or walled garden of palm-trees,] which one prohibits [to the public]. (S.) b4: and الحِجْرُ That [space] which is comprised by [the curved wall called] the حَطِيم, (S, A, Mgh, K,) which encompasses the Kaabeh on the north [or rather north-west] side; (S, A, K;) on the side of the spout: (Mgh:) or the حطيم [itself], which encompasses the Kaabeh on the side of the spout. (Msb.) [It is applied to both of these in the present day; but more commonly to the former.] b5: Also, حِجْرٌ, The anterior pudendum of a man and of a woman; and so ↓ حَجْرٌ: (K, TA:) the latter the more chaste. (TA.) b6: A mare; the female of the horse: (S, A, Msb, K:) and a mare kept for breeding; (A;) as though her womb were forbidden to all but generous horses: (T:) but in the latter sense the sing. is scarcely ever used; though its pl., the first of the following forms, (as well as the second, A,) is used to signify mares kept for breeding: (K:) ↓ حِجْرَةٌ, as a sing., is said by F and others to be a barbarism: it occurs in a trad.; but perhaps the ة is there added to assimilate it to بَغْلَةٌ, with which it is there coupled: (MF:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَحْجَارٌ (Msb, K) and [of mult.] حُجُورٌ (A, Msb, K) and حُجُورَةٌ. (K.) A poet says, إِذَا خَرِسَ الفَحْلُ وَسْطَ الحُجُورِ وَصَاحَ الكِلَابُ وَعَقَّ الوَلَدْ When the stallion, seeing the army and the gleaming swords, is mute in the midst of the mares kept for breeding, and does not look towards them, and the dogs bark at their masters, because of the change of their appearances, and children behave undutifully to their mothers whom fear diverts from attending to them. (A.) b7: Relationship [that prohibits marriage]; nearness with respect to kindred. (Msb, K.) b8: Understanding, intelligence, intellect, mind, or reason: (S, A, Msb, K:) so in the Kur lxxxix. 4: (S, Bd:) thus called because it forbids that which it does not behoove one to do. (Bd.) One says, فِى ذٰلِكَ عِبْرَةٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ In that is an admonition to him who possesses understanding, &c. (A.) A2: See also حَجُرٌ, in three places.

حَجَرٌ [A stone; explained in the K by صَخْرَةٌ; but this means “a rock,” or “a great mass of stone” or “of hard stone”]; (S, K, &c.;) so called because it resists, by reason of its hardness; (Mgh;) and ↓ أُحْجُرٌّ signifies the same: (Fr, K:) pl. (of pauc., of the former, S) أَحْجَارٌ (S, Mgh, K) and أَحْجُرٌ (K) and (of mult, S) حِجَارٌ and [more commonly] حِجَارَةٌ, (S, K,) which last is extr. [with respect to rule], (S,) or agreeable with a usage of the Arabs, which is, to add ة to any pl. of the measure فِعَالٌ or of that of فُعُولٌ, as in the instances of ذِكَارَةٌ and فِحَالَةٌ and ذُكُورَةٌ and فُحُولَةٌ. (AHeyth.) And (metonymically, TA) (tropical:) Sand: (IAar, K;) pl. أَحْجَارٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَهْلُ الحَجَرِ The people of the desert, who dwell in stony and sandy places: occurring in a trad., coupled with أَهْلُ المَدَرِ. (TA.) b3: الحَجَرُ الأَسْوَدُ, and simply الحَجَرُ, The [Black] Stone of the Kaabeh. (K, TA.) El-Farezdak applies to it, in one instance, the pl. الأَحْجَارُ, considering the sing. as applicable to every part of it. (TA.) b4: One says, فُلَانٌ حَجَرُ الأَرْضِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one is unequalled. (TA.) and رُمِىَ فُلَانٌ بِحَجَرِ الأَرْضِ (tropical:) Such a one has had a very sagacious and crafty and politic man made to be an assailant against him. (K, * TA.) El-Ahnaf Ibn-Keys said to 'Alee, when Mo'á-wiyeh named 'Amr Ibn-El-'Ás as one of the two umpires, قَدْ رُمِيتَ بِحَجَرِ الأَرْضِ فَاجْعَلْ مَعَهُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَعْقِدُ عُقْدَةً إِلَّا حَلَّهَا (assumed tropical:) Thou hast had a most exceedingly sagacious and crafty and politic man made to be an assailant against thee: so appoint thou with him Ibn-'Abbás; for he will not tie a knot but he shall untie it: meaning one that shall stand firm like a stone upon the ground. (L from a trad.) One says also, رُمىَ فُلَانٌ بِحَجَرِهِ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one was coupled [or opposed] with his like: (A:) [as though he had a stone suited to the purpose of knocking him down cast at him.] b5: لِلْعَاهِرِ الحَجَرُ, occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) For the fornicator, or adulterer, disappointment, and prohibition: accord. to some, it is meant to allude to stoning; [and it may have had this meaning in the first instance in which it was used;] but [in general] this is not the case; for every fornicator is not to be stoned. (IAth, TA.) [See also art. عهر.] b6: الحَجَرُ Gold: and silver. (K.) Both together are called الحَجَرَانِ. (S.) حَجِرٌ [Stony; abounding with stones]. Yousay أَرْضٌ حَجِرَةٌ [so in several copies of the K; in the CK حَجْرَةٌ;] Land abounding with stones; as also ↓ حَجِيرَةٌ and ↓ مُتَحَجِّرَةٌ. (K.) حُجُرٌ The flesh surrounding the nail. (K.) حَجْرَةٌ A severe year, that confines men to their tents, or houses, so that they slaughter their generous camels to eat them. (L in art. نبت, on a verse of Zuheyr.) A2: A side; an adjacent tract or quarter; (ISd, K;) as also ↓ حَجْرَةٌ: (EM p. 281:) pl. of the former ↓ حَجْرٌ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] and حَجَرَاتٌ (S, K) and ↓ حَوَاجِرُ: (K:) the last is mentioned by ISd as being thought by him to be a pl. of حَجْرَةٌ in the sense above explained, contr. to analogy. (TA.) Hence, حَجْرَةٌ قَوْمٍ The tract or quarter adjacent to the abode of a people. (S.) And حَجْرَتَا الطَّرِيقِ The two sides of the road. (TA.) And حَجْرَتَا عَسْكَرٍ The two sides of an army; (A, TA;) its right and left wings. (TA.) And قَعَدَ حَجْرَةً He sat aside. (A.) And سَارَ حَجْرَةً He journeyed aside, by himself. (TA.) And ↓ مَحْجَرًا is also said to signify the same, in the following ex.: تَرْعَى مَحْجَرًا وَتَبْرُكُ وَسَطًا She (the camel) pastures aside, and lies down in the middle. (TA.) It is said in a prov., يَرْبِضُ حَجْرَةً وَيَرْتَعِى وَسَطًا He lies down aside, and pastures in the middle: (S:) or فُلَانٌ يَرْعَى وَسَطًا وَيَرْبِضُ حَجْرَةً Such a one pastures in the middle, and lies down aside: (TA:) applied to a man who is in the midst of a people when they are in prosperity, and when they become in an evil state leaves them, and lies down apart: the prov. is ascribed to Gheylán Ibn-Mudar. (IB.) Imra-el--Keys says, [addressing Khálid, in whose neighbourhood he had alighted and sojourned, and who had demanded of him some horses and riding-camels to pursue and overtake a party that had carried off some camels belonging to him (Imra-el-Keys), on Khálid's having gone away, and returned without anything,] فَدَعْ عَنْكَ نَهْبًا صِيحَ حَجَرَاتِهِ وَلٰكِنْ حَدِيثًا مَا حَديثُ الرَّوَاحِلِ [Then let thou alone spoil by the sides of which a shouting was raised: but relate to me a story. What is the story of the riding-camels?]: hence the prove., الحُكْمُ لِلّهِ وَدَعْ عَنْكَ نَهْبًا صِيحَ فِى حَجَرَاتِهِ [Dominion belongeth to God: then let thou alone &c.]; said with reference to him who has lost part of his property and after that lost what is of greater value. (TA.) [And hence the saying,] قَدِ انْتَشَرَتْ حَجْرَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) His property has become large, or ample. (S.) b2: See also حَجْرٌ.

حُجْرَةٌ An enclosure (حَظِيرَةٌ) for camels. (S, K.) b2: [And hence,] The حُجْرَة of a house; (S;) [i. e.] a chamber [in an absolute sense, and so in the present day]; syn. بَيْتٌ: (Msb:) or an upper chamber; syn. غُرْفَةٌ: (K:) pl. حُجَرٌ and حُجُرَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُجَرَاتٌ and حُجْرَاتٌ. (Z, Msb, K.) b3: See also حَجْرَةٌ.

حِجْرَةٌ: see حِجْرٌ.

حُجْرِىٌّ and حِجْرِىٌّ A right, or due; a thing, or quality, to be regarded as sacred, or inviolable; (K;) a peculiar attribute. (TA.) أَرْضٌ حَجِيرَةٌ: see حَجِرٌ.

حَاجِرٌ The part of the brink (شَفَة) of a valley that retains the water, (S, K,) and surrounds it; (ISd;) as also ↓ حَاجُورٌ: pl. of the former حُجْرَانٌ. (S, K.) High land or ground, the middle of which is low, or depressed; (K;) as also ↓ مَحْجِرٌ: (TA:) and ↓ مَحَاجِرُ [pl. of the latter] low places in the ground, retaining water. (A.) A fertile piece of land, abounding with herbage, low, or depressed, and having elevated borders, upon which the water is retained. (AHn.) A place where water flows, or where herbs grow, surrounded by high ground, or by an elevated river. (T, TA.) A place where trees of the kind called رِمْث grow; where they are collected together; and a place which they surround: (M, K:) pl. as above. (K.) b2: A wall that retains water between houses: so called because encompassing. (TA.) حَاجُورٌ: see حِجْرٌ: b2: and حَاجِرٌ. b3: Also A refuge; a means of protection or defence: analogous with عَاثُورٌ, which signifies “a place of perdition:” whence, وَقَالَ قَائِلُهُمْ إِنَّى بِحَاجُورِ And their sayer said, Verily I lay hold on that which will protect me from thee and repel thee from me; مُتَمَسِّكٌ being understood. (TA.) حَوَاجِرُ: see حَجْرَةٌ.

حَنْجَرَةٌ and ↓ حُنْجُورٌ, (S, K,) each with an augmentative ن, (S, Msb,) [The head of the windpipe; consisting of a part, or the whole, of the larynx: but variously explained; as follows:] the windpipe; syn. حُلْقُومٌ: (S, K:) or the former [has this meaning, i. e.], the passage of the breath: (Mgh, Msb:) or the extremity of the حلقوم, at the entrance of the passage of the food and drink: (Bd in xxxiii. 10:) or [the head of the larynx, composed of the two arytenoides;] two of the successively-superimposed cartilages of the حلقوم (طَبَقَانِ مِنْ أَطْبَاقِ الحُلْقُومِ), next the غَلْصَمَة [or epiglottis], where it is pointed: or the inside, or cavity, of the حلقوم: and so ↓ حُنْجُورٌ: (TA in art. حنجر:) or ↓ the latter is syn. with حَلْقٌ [q. v.]: (Msb:) pl. حَنَاجِرُ. (K.) حُنْجُورٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. b2: Also A small سَفَط [or receptacle for perfumes and the like]. (K.) b3: And A glass flask or bottle (قَارُورَة), (K, TA,) of a small size, (TA,) for ذَرِيرةَ [q. v.]. (K, TA.) أُحْجُرٌّ: see حَجَرٌ.

مَحْجِرٌ: see حِجْرٌ, in four places. b2: Also, (S,) or ↓ مَحْجِرٌ and ↓ مِحْجَرٌ, (K,) The tract surrounding a town or village: (S, K:) [pl. مَحَاجِرُ.] Hence the مَحَاجِر of the kings (أَقْيَال) of ElYemen, which were Places of pasturage, whereof each of them had one, in which no other person pastured his beasts: (S, K:) the محجر of a قَيْل of El-Yemen was his tract of land into which no other person than himself entered. (T.) b3: See also حَجْرَةٌ. b4: And see مَحْجرُ العَيْنِ.

مَحْجِرٌ (S, K) and ↓ مِحْجَرٌ (K) A garden surrounded by a wall; or a garden of trees; syn. حَدِيقَةٌ: (S, K:) or a low, or depressed, place of pasture: (T, TA:) or a place in which is much pasture, with water: (A, * TA:) pl. مَحَاجِرُ. (S, A.) See also حَاجِرٌ for the former word and its pl.: and see مَحْجَرٌ. b2: مَحْجِرُ العَيْنِ (S, K, &c.) and ↓ مَحْجَرُهَا (TA) and ↓ مِحْحَرُها (K) and simply المحجر (Msb, TA) and ↓ الحَجْرُ (K) and ↓ الحُجْرُ, which occurs in a verse of El-Akhtal, (IAar,) [The part which is next below, or around, the eye, and which appears when the rest of the face is veiled by the نِقَاب or the بُرْقُع:] that part [of the face, next below the eye,] which appears from out of the [kind of veil called] نِقَاب (T, S, A, Msb, K) of a woman (A, Msb, K) and of a man, from the lower eyelid; and sometimes from the upper: (Msb:) or the part that surrounds the eye (Msb, K) on all sides, (Msb,) and appears from out of the [kind of veil called] بُرْقُع: (Msb, K:) or the part of the bone beneath the eyelid, which encompasses the eye: (TA:) and محجر العين means also what appears from beneath the turban of a man when he has put it on: (K: [accord. to the TA, the turban itself; but this is a meaning evidently derived from a mistranscription in a copy of the K, namely, عِمَامَتُهُ for عِمَامَتِهِ:]) also محجرُالوَجْهِ that part of the face against which the نقاب lies: and المحجر the eye [itself]: (T, TA:) the pl. of محجر is مَحَاجِرُ. (A, Msb.) مِحْجَرٌ: see مَحْجَرٌ: b2: and see also مَحْجِرٌ, in two places.

مَحْجُورٌ عَلَيْهِ, for which the doctors of practical law say مَحْجُورٌ only, omitting the preposition and the pronoun governed by it, on account of the frequent usage of the term, A person prohibited [by a kádee] from using, or disposing of, his property according to his own free will: (Msb:) or prohibited from consuming, or wasting, or ruining, his property. (Mgh.) b2: See also حِجْرٌ, in two places.

أَرْضٌ مُتَحَجِّرَةٌ: see حَجِرٌ.