رتق

1 رَتَقَ, aor. ـُ (S, L, Msb) and رَتِقَ, (L,) inf. n. رَتْقٌ, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) He closed up, (M, Msb, TA,) and repaired, (M, TA,) a rent: (S, M, Msb, TA:) [he sewed up, or together: see رِتَاقٌ:] الرَّتْقُ is the contr. of الفَتْقُ. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] one says, رَتَقَ فَتْقَهُمْ, meaning (tropical:) [He closed up the breach that was between them; he reconciled them; or] he reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between them. (TA.) A2: رَتِقَتْ, aor. ـَ (IKoot, Msb, TA,) inf. n. رَتَقٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) in the K, erroneously, رَتَقَةٌ, (TA,) She was, or became, such as is termed رَتْقَآء; (IKoot, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) said of a woman, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of a girl, and also of a camel. (IKoot, Msb.) 8 ارتتق It was, or became, closed up, (S, Msb, K,) [and repaired; and sewed up, or together;] said of a rent: (S, Msb:) and also of the vulva of a woman. (S, * TA.) رَتْقٌ i. q. ↓ مَرْتُوقٌ [and مَرْتُوقَةٌ, &c., being originally an inf. n.; i. e. Closed up, and repaired; applied to a rent; and so ↓ رَتَقٌ]. (TA.) كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنَاهُمَا, in the Kur [xxi. 31, lit. They (the heavens and the earth) were closed up, and we rent them], is from الرَّتْقُ as the contr. of الفَتْقُ: (S:) accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, it means they were closed up, without any interstice, and we rent them by the rain and by the plants: accord. to Az, it means they were a heaven closed up and an earth closed up, and we rent them into seven heavens and seven earths: Lth says that the heavens were closed up, no rain descending from them; and the earth was closed up, without any fissure therein; until God rent them by the rain and the plants: Zj says that رَتْقًا is for ذَوَاتَىْ رَتْقٍ: (TA:) and he says that the heaven and the earth were united, and God rent them by the air, which He placed between them: (TA in art. فتق:) some read ↓ رَتَقًا, for شَيْئًا رَتَقًا, meaning مَرْتُوقًا. (Bd.) رَتَقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

A2: It is [also] pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of ↓ رَتَقَةٌ, syn., accord. to the copies of the K, with رُتْبَةٌ, but correctly with رَتَبَةٌ, which signifies The space between [any two of] the fingers: mentioned [in the JK, where I find the correct reading, and] by Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) رَتَقَةٌ: see what next precedes.

رَتْقَآءُ, applied to a woman, (AHeyth, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or to a girl, (Lth,) [and also to a she-camel, (see 1, last sentence,)] Impervia coëunti; (S, Msb, K;) having the meatus of the vagina closed up: (S, * Msb:) or having no aperture except the مَبَال [or meatus urinarius]: (Lth, Mgh, K:) or having the فَرْج so drawn together that the ذَكَر can hardly, or not at all, pass. (AHeyth.) رِتَاقٌ [A garment composed of] two pieces of cloth sewed together (يُرْتَقَانِ) by their borders. (Lth, S, K.) Hence the saying of a rájiz, جَارِيَ بَيْضَآءُ فِى رِتَاقِ تُدِيرُ طَرْفًا أَكْحَلَ المَآقِى

[A fair girl in a رتاق, turning about eyes black in the inner angles.] (Lth, S. *) رُتُوقٌ Inaccessableness, or unapproachableness; (مَنَعَةٌ, [in some copies of the K, الخنعة is erroneously put for المَنَعَةُ,]) and might; and high, or elevated, rank. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) رَاتِقٌ [for سَحَابٌ رَاتِقٌ] Clouds closing up, or coalescing. (AHn, TA.) b2: هُوَ الفَاتِقُ الرَّاتِقُ (assumed tropical:) He is the possessor of command or rule, so that he opens and closes, and straitens and widens. (Har p. 208.) [See also مِخْلَطٌ.]

فَرْجٌ أَرْتَقُ A vulva of which the sides stick together. (TA.) مَرْتُوقٌ: see رَتْقٌ.

مَرْتَتِقٌ Herbage of which the blossoms have not yet come forth from their calyxes. (TA in art. صوح.) [See remarks on a verse cited voce مُرْتَفِقٌ.]

رنق

1 رَنِقَ, (S, Sgh, K,) aor. ـِ (K;) and رَنَقَ, aor. ـُ (ISd, K;) inf. n. (of the former, S) رَنَقٌ (S, K) and [of the latter] رَنْقٌ and رُنُوقٌ; (K;) It (water) was, or became, turbid, thick, or muddy; (S, K;) as also ↓ ترنّق. (K.) A2: See also 4, in two places.2 رنّق, (S, K,) inf. n. تَرْنِيقٌ, (IAar, S,) He rendered water turbid, thick, or muddy; (IAar, S, K;) as also ↓ ارنق. (S, K.) b2: And the former, He cleared it; rendered it clear: thus it bears two contr. significations. (IAar, K.) [Hence,] one says, رنّق اللّٰهُ قَذَاتَكَ May God clear away thy قذاة [or mote in the eye; probably meaning (assumed tropical:) that which annoys thee]. (IAar, K) A2: Also, as an intrans. verb, He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (TA.) And تَرْنِيقٌ signifies A man's standing, not knowing whether to go or come. (TA.) And The being weak, or infirm, [and, app., disordered, or perturbed,] in sight, and in body, and in an affair or case. (S, K.) Hence, (TA,) رنّقوا فِى الأَمْرِ They confused the judgment, or opinion, [that they formed, or they were confused in judgment or opinion,] in, or respecting, the affair, or case. (S, K.) b2: Also He paused and waited. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] رَمَّدَتِ المِعْزَى فَرَنِّقْ رَنِّقْ, (JK, S, K,) i. e. The she-goats have secreted milk in their udders; (JK;) but wait thou, wait thou, (JK, S, TA,) for their bringing forth, (S, TA,) for they show signs, but do not bring forth until after some time: (S:) thou wilt have to wait long for them: (TA:) sometimes it is said with م [in the place of ن], and also with د [in the place of ر]: (S, TA:) it is mentioned in art. ربق [q. v.]. (K. [See also art. رمق.]) b3: Also He continued looking; (S, K, TA, in this art. and in art. رمق;) like رمّق. (S and TA in the same two arts.) And you say also, رنّق إِلَيْهِ النَّظُرَ and دنّق [meaning He continued looking at it]. (S in art. دنق.) And رنّق النَّظَرَ meaning [He looked covertly, or clandestinely; or] he concealed the looking. (TA.) b4: Said of a company of men, They remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in a place (بِمَكَانٍ), (S, K,) and confined themselves therein. (S.) b5: Said of a bird, He flapped his wings in the air, (S, K,) and remained steady, (S,) not flying: (S, K:) or flapped his wings in the air without alighting and without quitting his place: or it has two meanings: i. e. he expanded his wings in the air without moving them: and he flapped his wings. (TA.) Hence, said of a captive, He stretched out his neck on the occasion of slaughter, like the bird expanding his wings. (TA.) [Hence also,] رنّقت السَّفِينَةُ (JK, TA) فِى مَكَانِهَا (JK) The ship turned round in its place without proceeding in its course. (JK, TA.) b6: رنّقت الشَّمْسُ The sun became near to setting. (TA. [See also دنّقت.]) And رنّقت مِنْهُ المَنِيَّةُ (tropical:) Death was near to befalling him: a metaphorical phrase from رنّق said of a bird. (TA.) b7: رنٌّ النَّوْمُ (S, K) فِى عَيْنَيْهِ (K) (tropical:) Sleep pervaded (خَالَطَ) his eyes, (S, Z, Sgh, K,) without his sleeping. (Z, TA.) A3: تَرْنِيقٌ also signifies The breaking of the wing of a bird by a shot or throw, or by disease, so that he, or it, falls. (Lth, K.) [You say of the bird رُنِّقَ or رُنِّقَ جَنَاحُهُ His wing was broken &c. See the pass. part. n., below.]4 ارنق: see 2.

A2: Also He moved about, or agitated, [or waved,] his banner, previously to a charge, or an assault, in war or battle; (IAar, K;) and [in like manner,] ↓ رَنَقَ, inf. n. رَنْقٌ, he moved about, &c., the banner. (TA.) A3: And It (a banner) was moved about or agitated [or waved]; (IAar, K;) and [in like manner,] ↓ رَنَقَ it (a banner) was moved about &c. over the heads. (TA.) 5 تَرَنَّقَ see 1.

رَنْقٌ Turbid, thick, or muddy, water; (S, K;) as also ↓ رَنِقٌ and ↓ رَنَقٌ. (K.) b2: Also (TA) Dust in water, consisting of motes, or particles of rubbish, and the like, that fall into it [and render it turbid]; (JK, TA;) and so ↓ رَنَقٌ. (JK.) Accord. to IB, رَنْقٌ has for pl. رَنَائِقُ; as though this were pl. of رَنِيقَةٌ: (TA:) or الرَّيَانِقُ is pl. of المَآءِ ↓ رَنْقَةُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) or of رَنْقَةٌ, (JK,) and is formed by transposition, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) being originally الرَّنَائِقُ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) One says, ↓ مَا فِى عَيْشِهِ رَنَقٌ (assumed tropical:) [There is not in his life anything that renders it turbid]. (JK.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Lying, or falsehood, or a lie; syn. كَذِبٌ. (TA.) رَنَقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

رَنِقٌ: see رَنْقٌ. b2: [Hence,] عَيْشٌ رَنِقٌ (assumed tropical:) Turbid life. (S.) رَنْقَةٌ A small quantity of turbid water remaining in a watering-trough or tank. (TA.) [and accord. to Freytag, ↓ رَنْقَآءُ occurs in the Deewán El-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning A small quantity of turbid water.] Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (TA,) one says, صَارَ المَآءُ رَنْقَةً, (K, TA,) or ↓ رُوْنَقَةً, (JK, and so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) meaning The water became such that mud predominated in it: (JK, K, TA:) but the correct phrase, as given in the “Nawádir” by Lh, is, صَارَ المَآءُ رَنْقَةً وَاحِدَةً [The water became one puddle in which mud predominated]. (TA.) See also رَنْقٌ.

رَنْقَآءُ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: Also Land (أَرْضٌ) that does not give growth (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K) to anything: (JK, Ibn-'Abbád:) pl. رَنْقَاوَاتٌ. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: And A female bird sitting on eggs. (K.) رَوْنَقٌ The مَآء [or water] of a sword; (S, K, TA;) i. e. its فِرِنْد [or diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain]; (TA;) and its beauty; (S, K;) or the semblance of water that is seen upon a sword. (JK.) b2: And (hence, S) of the ضُحَى

[or early part of the forenoon], (S, K,) &c.; (S;) meaning (tropical:) The first, or beginning, thereof; (JK, * TA;) and its clearness. (TA.) One says, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى رَوْنَقِ الضُّحَى I came to him in the first, or beginning, of the ضحى; like as one says فِى

وَجْهِ الضُّحَى. (TA.) And رَوْنَقُ الشَّبَابِ means (tropical:) The prime of youth; and its freshness, or brightness, and beauty. (TA.) رَوْنَقَةٌ: see رَنْقَةٌ.

تُرْنُوقٌ (JK, S, K) and تَرْنُوقٌ and تُرْنُوقَآءُ (K) The mud that is in rivers, and in a channel of water, (S, K,) when the water has sunk therefrom into the earth: (K:) or the thin, and viscous, cohesive, or slimy, mud remaining in a pool of water left by a torrent: (JK:) or the slime of a well, and of the channel of a torrent, mixed with black, or black and fetid, mud. (Mgh voce تِقْنٌ, from the “Jámi'” of El-Ghooree.) مُرَنَّقُ الجَنَاحِ A bird having the wing broken by a shot or throw, or by disease, so that he, or it, falls. (K.) لَقِيتُ فُلَانًامُرَنِّقَةً عَيْنَاهُ (so in one of my copies of the S, and in the PS and JM; in the other of my copies of the S مُرَنَّقَةً;) (assumed tropical:) I met such a one having his eyes languid by reason of hunger or from some other cause. (S.)

سهب

1 سَهْبٌ The act of taking. (JK, K.) Yousay, سَهَبَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَهْبٌ, He took the thing. (TK.) 2 تَسْهِيبٌ The departure of reason, or intellect: its verb [which was probably سُهِّبَ, like أُسْهِبَ, q. v.,] is obsolete. (TA.) 4 اسهب He went far, or to a great or an extraordinary length, in a thing; for instance, in journeying; as in a trad., in which it is said of horses, or horsemen, أَسْبَهَتْ شَهْرًا They went far for a month; and in eating and drinking; as in another trad.: (TA:) it is from سُهْبٌ, signifying “ a plain and far-extending land; ” as though meaning He traversed a plain and far-extending tract of land; like as one says أَسْهَلَ and أَحْزَنَ. (Har p. 572.) He (a horse) ran with wide steps, and preceded, or outstripped. (S, TA. [See also سَهْبٌ, below.]) And [hence,] He was, or became, loquacious, or profuse of speech; (IAar, S, K;) like اسهم; (K * and TA in art. سهم;) [and] so اسهب فِى المَنْطِقِ : (JK:) or he doted; or was disordered in his intellect; but when a man makes many mistakes in his speech, you say of him أَفْنَدَ: (As, TA:) or he doted much, or often; or was much, or often, disordered in his intellect: (AO, TA:) [and it seems from an explanation of the part. n. مُسْهِبٌ that it probably signifies also he was eloquent, or profuse of correct speech:] or he was very greedy, and (in some copies of the K “ or ”) covetous, so as to refrain from nothing: (K, TA:) and you say also اسهب كَلَامَهُ He prolonged, or was prolix in, his speech: and فى كَلَامِهِ إِسْهَابٌ In his speech is prolixity. (A, TA.) Also He (a man) gave much, or largely; and so ↓ استهب: (Lth, K:) [or, in this sense,] you say, اسهب فِى العَطَآء. (A.) b2: اسهبوا They reached sand, in digging [a well], and water came not forth: (S:) or they dug, and came upon sand or a current of air: (K:) or they dug, and came upon a current of air, and the water disappointed them of its coming: (Az, TA:) or they dug without attaining any good: (K:) or اسهب signifies he dug until he reached sand: and, accord. to Th, he dug a well and reached water. (TA.) b3: اسهبوا الدَّابَّةَ They left the beast alone, or by itself, (K, TA,) to pasture [where it would]. (TA.) A2: اسهب الشَّاةَ وَلَدُهَا Her young one sucked, (K,) or licked, (TA,) the ewe, or she-goat. (K.) A3: أُسْهِبَ He (a man, S) lost his reason, (S, K, TA,) as some say, (TA,) from the bite of a serpent, (S, K, TA,) or the sting of a scorpion: (TA:) or his colour became altered in consequence of love or fright or disease: (K:) or, accord. to AHát, اسهب, [so in the TA, in which it seems to be implied that أَسْهَبَ, not أُسْهِبَ, is meant,] inf. n. إِسْهَابٌ, signifies he (a man bitten by a serpent, or stung by a scorpion,) lost his reason and lived. (TA. [See also the part. n., مُسْهَبٌ, below.]) إِسْهَابُ اللُّبِّ [in which the former word is probably the inf. n. of أُسْهِبَ, not of أَسْهَبَ,] means The mind's being confounded, or perplexed, by [love of] a woman. (JK.) 8 إِسْتَهَبَ see 4, in the middle of the paragraph.

سَهْبٌ A desert, or waterless desert; syn. فَلَاةٌ: (S, K:) pl. سُهُبٌ. (TA.) [See also سُهْبٌ.]

A2: A horse wide of step in running, (S, K, TA,) and (TA) vehement therein, (JK, K, * TA,) slow to sweat; (JK, TA;) and ↓ مُسْهَبٌ and ↓ مُسْهِبٌ, (K,) but the latter of these is said to be peculiarly the chaste form in this sense, (TA,) signify the same. (K.) b2: بِئْرٌ سَهْبَةٌ A deep well; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ بِئْرٌ مُسْهَبَةٌ: (S * O:) or the former, a deep well (JK, TA) from which sand comes forth (JK) or from which wind, or a current of air, comes forth: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, a well of which the coarse sand baffles one so that he cannot reach the water [in digging it]; (K;) or a well that people dig until they reach pouring earth, which baffles them by its pouring down, so that they leave it; (Sh, TA;) or a well of which the bottom and the water are not reached; (Ks, TA;) or a well that is dug until one reaches the water upon which is the earth. (Az, TA. [See 4.]) A3: A portion of time; as in the saying, مَضَى سَهْبٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ [A portion of the night passed]. (TA.) سُهْبٌ A plain and smooth, or plain and smooth and soft, tract of land: pl. سُهُوبٌ: (K:) or the pl. signifies plain and far-extending tracts of land: (JK, A, TA:) or wide land [or lands (for the sing. is expl. in the TA in one place as signifying a wide land)]: (AA, TA:) or سُهُوبُ الفَلَاةِ signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (JK,) tracts, or regions, of the فلاة [i. e. desert, or waterless desert,] in which there is no way. (JK, K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. رقل, conj. 4: and see also سَهْبٌ, above, first sentence.]

مُسْهَبٌ, with fet-h to the ه, [contr. to rule, being of the measure مُفْعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ,] Going far, or to a great or an extraordinary length, in a thing: and prolonging. (TA.) b2: See also سَهْبٌ: and its fem., with ة, see in two places in the same paragraph. b3: Also Long, or tall: (JK:) applied [in the latter sense] as an epithet to a man: and طَوِيلٌ مُسْهَبٌ excessively tall. (A.) b4: Also, and ↓ مُسْهِبٌ, (K,) both said to have been mentioned by ISk, (TA,) or the former, but not ↓ the latter, (Az, IAar, IKt, Zbd, S, TA,) though the former is extr. [with respect to rule], (S, TA,) Loquacious, or profuse of speech: (Az, IAar, ISk, IKt, Zbd, S, K, TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-'Alee El-Baghdádee, as is stated by IB, the former signifies profuse and erroneous in speech: and the ↓ latter, eloquent, or profuse and correct in speech: and in like manner says El-Aalam, adding that ↓ the latter is shown to have this meaning by its being applied to a horse that is fleet, or swift, and excellent: (TA:) or the former signifies doting; or disordered in his intellect: (As, TA:) or doting much, or often; or much, or often, disordered in his intellect: (AO, TA:) [and similar explanations of it will be found below:] other instances of verbs of the measure أَفْعَلَ having مُفْعَلٌ as the measure of the part. n. used in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ are أَلْفَجَ and أَحْصَنَ and أَجْرَشَتِ الإِبِلُ and أَهْتَرَ: as used in the first of the senses expl. in this sentence, مُسْهَبٌ is from سُهْبٌ signifying “ a wide land: ” or, as some say, it is from أَسْهَبُوا الدَّابَّةَ, expl. above; as though the person to whom it is applied were left to speak what he would, or made to have ample scope to say what he would. (TA.) b5: Both مُسْهَبٌ and ↓ مُسْهِبٌ signify also Very greedy, and covetous, so as to refrain from nothing. (TA.) b6: And the former, One who has lost his reason; as some say, from the bite of a serpent, or the sting of a scorpion: or one who talks irrationally, or foolishly, or deliriously, in consequence of doting, or disorder of his intellect: or whose colour has become altered in consequence of love or fright or disease. (TA.) And مُسْهَبُ الجِسْمِ A man whose body is wasting away in consequence of love: so says Yaakoob: and Lh mentions the phrases العَقْلِ ↓ مُسْهِبُ, with kesr, and الجِسْمِ, and مُسْهِم, which is formed by substitution [of م for ب], as meaning a man whose reason is departing, and whose body is wasting away, in consequence of love: and accord, to AHát, مسهب, [app. ↓ مُسْهِبٌ, as the context seems to imply,] applied to one bitten by a serpent or stung by a scorpion, signifies who has lost his reason, and lives. (TA.) b7: Also Land farextending, and plain, with depression, consisting of low tracts, the depression whereof is little, extending for the space of a day and a night [of journeying], and thereabout: the بُطُون [or low tracts] of land of which it consists are in [deserts such as are termed] صَحَارَى, and in elevated and plain, or hard and elevated, tracts of ground, and sometimes they flow [with torrents], and sometimes they do not flow, for they comprise parts that are rugged, and parts that are plain, or soft, producing much herbage, and in them are places wherein are trees [or shrubs], and places wherein are none. (L, TA.) b8: Also A place that does not obstruct nor retain water. (TA.) مُسْهِبٌ: see سَهْبٌ, second signification: b2: and see مُسْهَبٌ, in seven places. b3: Also A man who overcomes, or surpasses, and is bountiful, in his gifts. (TA.)

سلط

1 سَلُطَ, aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. سَلَاطَةٌ, (S, M, B,) He, or it, overcame, prevailed, or predominated: (S, TA:) or was, or became, firm, or established, in superior power or force: (B, TA:) he possessed power of dominion or sovereignty or rule. (M.) b2: It (anything, as, for instance, a solid hoof, and a camel's foot,) was, or became, strong, or hard. (M.) b3: He was, or became, sharp. (TA.) And the same verb, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above (S, M, Msb, K) and سُلُوطَةٌ, (S, M, K,) He was, or became, chaste, or perspicuous, in speech, or eloquent, and sharp in tongue: (S:) or long-tongued;; (M, K;) as also سَلِطَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَلَطٌ: (TS, TA:) or clamorous and foultongued: (Msb:) [or this verb, said of a man, has the first of these three significations; but]

سَلُطَتْ, inf. n. سَلَاطَةٌ, signifies she (a woman) was, or became, long-tongued, and vehemently clamorous. (Lth.) [See سَلِيطٌ, below.]2 سلّطهُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. تَسْلِيطٌ, (M, K,) also written with ص, (Ibn-'Abbád, and K in art. صلط,) He (God, S) made him to overcome him; to prevail, or predominate, over him; or to have, or exercise, superior power or force over him: (S, K:) he made him to have mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, over him: (Msb:) he made him to have, or exercise, absolute dominion or sovereignty or rule, over him; (M;) or absolute superiority of power or force: (K:) he gave him power over him, and superior power or force. (TA.) [You say also, سلّط عَلَيْهِ الكِلَابَ He set the dogs upon him.]5 تسلّط عَلَيْهِمْ He overcame them; prevailed or predominated, over them; or was made to do so; he had, or exercised, or was made to have or exercise, superior power or force over them: (S:) he had, or was made to have, mastery, dominion, or authority, and power, or absolute dominion or authority and power, over them: (Msb:) he had, or received, power over them; and superior power or force; quasi-pass. of سَلَّطَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ. (TA.) سَلْطٌ: see سَلِيطٌ; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven.

سَلِطٌ: see سَلِيطٌ; for the former, in four places; and for the latter, in seven.

سُلْطَةٌ: see سُلْطَانٌ; for the latter, in three places.

سَلْطَنَةٌ: see سُلْطَانٌ; for the latter, in three places.

سُلْطَانٌ Strength, might, force, or power; (TA;) as also ↓ سَلْطَنَةٌ: (Bd in iii. 144:) predominance; the possession, or exercise, of superior power or force, or of dominion, or authority, and power, or of absolute dominion or authority and power; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سُلْطَةٌ; (S;) the former being syn. with تَسَلُّطٌ [used as a subst.]; (Mgh;) and the latter being the subst. from تَسَلَّطَ: (S:) power of dominion; sovereign, or ruling, power; (M;) [in this sense, as well as in the first,] i. q. ↓ سَلْطَنَةٌ; (Msb;) power of a king; (Lth, Mgh, K;) and of a governor; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e.] delegated power, or power given to one who is not a king; (TA;) also written سُلْطَانٌ; (M, Msb, K;) which is the only instance of this form: (Msb:) it is masc. and fem.; (M, TA;) generally masc., in the opinion of the skilful; but sometimes fem.; so say IAmb and Zj and others: (Msb:) but ISk says that it is fem. (TA.) One says, (ISk,) or some say, (Msb,) قَضَتْ بِهِ السُّلْطَانُ (ISk, Msb) The sovereign, or ruling, power (↓ السَّلْطَنَةُ) decreed it. (Msb.) And Aboo-Zuheyr says, I heard one, in whose chasteness of speech I have confidence, say, أَتَتْنَا سُلْطَانٌ جَائِرَةٌ [A tyrannical sovereign, or ruling, power, came to us]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., إِلَّا أَنْ تَسْأَلَ ذَا سُلْطَان ٍ, meaning Unless thou ask the ruler, or governor, or the king, for thy due from the public treasury. (Mgh.) And you say, قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَكَ سُلْطَانًا عَلَى أَخْذِ حَقِّى مِنْ فُلَان ٍ I have given thee power, or authority, to take, or receive, my due from such a one. (TA.) And لَا يَؤُمُّ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ فِى سُلْطَانِهِ [A man shall not take precedence of a man in his authority]; meaning, in his house, and where he has predominance, or superior power, or authority; nor shall he sit upon his cushion; for in doing so he would show him contempt. (Mgh.) b2: Strength, or hardness, of anything: (M, K:) sharpness of anything: force, or violence, of anything. (TA.) The vehemence of winter. (TK.) An excited and predominant state of the blood; or inflammation thereof. (IDrd, M, K.) The flaming, or blazing, of fire. (IDrd.) b3: A proof; an evidence; an argument; a plea; an allegation; syn. حُجَّةٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and بُرْهَانٌ: (S, Msb:) a حُجَّة being thus called because of the force with which truth attacks the mind: (B:) or, accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, from سَلِيطٌ, (M, TA,) signifying

“ oil of olives,” because it enlightens: (TA:) and in these senses it has no pl., because it is used in the place of an inf. n. (S, TA.) Accord. to I'Ab, it signifies حُجَّة wherever it occurs in the Kur. (TA.) But in the words of the Kur [xvii. 35], فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِّيِهِ سُلْطَانًا, the meaning may be either [We have given to his executor, or heir,] authority, and power, or absolute authority and power, or the like; or a plea, or the like. (Mgh.) And again, in the Kur [lxix. 29], هَلَكَ عَنِّى

سُلْطَانِيَهْ, the meaning may be My dominion, and my authority and power over men, has perished from me; or my plea. (Bd, B.) And sometimes it means A miracle; as in the words of the Kur [li. 38], إِذْ أَرْسَلْنَاهُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ بِسُلْطَان ٍ مُبِين ٍ [When we sent him to Pharaoh with a manifest miracle]. (TA.) Az says that it is sometimes masc. because it has a masc. form; and thus it is in the last of the instances above. (TA.) b4: Also A ruler, or governor, or the like; a king; a sovereign; (S, K, TA;) a khaleefeh: (TA:) these are its most common applications [in the writings of post-classical times]: (TA:) thus applied because the person so called is made to predominate; to have, or exercise, superior power or force; to have dominion, or the like: or because he is one of the evidences of God: (Aboo-Bekr, TA:) or because he possesses proof or evidence [of his right]: or because by him pleas and rights are established: (TA:) or because he enlightens the earth, (Msb, * B,) and is of great usefulness; (B;) the word being derived from سَلِيطٌ [signifying “ olive-oil ”]: (Msb:) it is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ: (S:) and when [thus] applied to a person, it is masc.: (Msb:) or it is masc. and fem.: (S, TA:) accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed, (TA,) fem. because it is [originally] pl. of سَلِيطٌ applied to “ oil; ” as though the kingdom shone by him; or because it has the signification of حُجَّةٌ: and sometimes masc., because regarded as meaning a man; (K, TA;) or because regarded as a sing.: so says Mohammad Ibn-Yezeed; but Az observes that none beside him says this: Fr says that he who makes it masc. regards it as meaning رَجُلٌ; and he who makes it fem. regards it as meaning حُجَّةٌ: (TA:) the pl. is سَلَاطِينُ. (S, Msb.) It is also, itself, sometimes used as a pl.; as in the phrase سَيِّدُ السُّلْطَانِ, used by a poet, meaning سَيِّدُ السَّلَاطِينَ [The lord of kings]; i. e. the khaleefeh: [but this may be rendered the lord of sovereign power, &c.:] or, as some say, the latter word is here pl. of سَلِيطٌ, like as رُغْفَانٌ is pl. of رَغِيفٌ. (Msb.) سَلَطَانَةٌ, and سِلِطَانَةٌ, or سِلِطَّانَةٌ: see سَلِيطٌ.

سَلِيطٌ Strong, or hard; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ. (K.) You say, ↓ حَافِرٌ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ, (TA,) and سَلِيطٌ, (M, TA,) A strong, or hard, solid hoof. (M, TA.) and الحَافِرِ ↓ دَابَّةٌ سَلِطَةُ A beast having a strong, or hard, hoof. (M.) And الخُفِّ ↓ بَعِيرٌ سَلِطُ A camel having a strong, or hard, foot. (M.) b2: Sharp; applied to anything. (K.) You say also ↓ سَنَابِكُ سَلِطَاتٌ Sharp edges of the fore parts of hoofs. (S, TA.) b3: Chaste in speech, or eloquent, (S, K,) and sharp in tongue: (S:) an epithet of praise when applied to the male, and of dispraise when [with ة] applied to the female: (IDrd, K:) also, (K,) long-tongued; (M, K;) and so ↓ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ; (K;) fem. سَلِيطَةٌ, and ↓ سَلَطَانَةٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ سِلِطَانَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ سِلِطَّانَةٌ; (M;) the last written [thus] with tesh-deed to the ط in the JM., and there explained as signifying long-tongued and clamorous: (TA:) or سَلِيطٌ signifies clamorous and foul-tongued; and so سَلِيطَةٌ applied to a woman: (Msb:) or the latter, applied to a woman, clamorous: (S:) or long-tongued and vehemently clamorous: (Lth:) or سَلِيطَةُ اللِّسَانِ is applied to a woman in two senses; signifying sharp-tongued; and long-tongued. (Az, TA.) You say also, لِسَانٌ سَلِيطٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ سَلِطٌ, (M,) or ↓ سَلْطٌ, (K,) A long tongue. (M, K.) A2: Oil of olives; (S, M, Msb, K;) so applied by the generality of the Arabs: but by the people of El-Yemen applied to oil of sesame, or sesamum: (S, M:) IDrd, in the JM, says the reverse; and IF has followed him; but what J says is right, as Sgh, has observed in the O: (TA:) also, (K,) or as some say, (M,) any oil expressed from grains or berries: (M, K:) pl. سُلْطَانٌ. (Msb, K.) أَسْلَطُ More, and most, overcoming, prevailing, predominating, or superior in power or force. (Har p. 661.) b2: هُوَ أَسْلَطُهُمْ لِسَانًا He is the most chaste, or eloquent, and the sharpest, [&c., (see an ex. voce سِلْقٌ,)] of them in tongue. (S.)

سرع

1 سَرُعَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سِرَعٌ (S, Msb, K) and سَرَعٌ (TA [and mentioned in the K, but app. as a simple subst.,]) and سِرْعٌ and سَرْعٌ and سَرَاعَةٌ (TA) and سُرْعَةٌ, (K,) or this last is a simple subst. from أَسْرَعَ, (Msb,) [but it is also generally used as syn. with the inf. ns. before mentioned when they are employed as simple substs., and is more common than any of them,] He, or it, was quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet: [in course, tendency, action, speech, &c.:] (S, K:) or, said of a man, i. q. أَسْرَعَ [which may mean as above, or he hastened, made haste, or sped,] in his speech and in his actions: (IAar, TA:) but Sb makes a difference between سَرُعَ and أَسْرَعَ: see the latter below: (TA:) one says also سَرِعَ, aor. ـَ a dial. var. of سَرُعَ: and ↓ تسرّع, said of an affair, or event, signifies the same as سَرُعَ. (TA.) One says, السِّرَعَ السِّرَعَ like الوَحَآءَ الوَحَآءَ, (S, K,) i. e. [Make thou] haste; or haste to be first, or before, or beforehand: haste; or haste to be first, &c. (S and TA in art. وحى.) And سَرُعَ مَا فَعَلْتَ ذَاكَ, (S, * TA,) and سَرْعَ, which is a contraction of the former; for the Arabs contract by the suppression of dammeh and kesreh because they are difficult of pronunciation, saying فَخْذٌ for فَخِذٌ and عَضْدٌ for عَضْدٌ, but one should not say حَجْرٌ for حَجَرٌ, (S, TA,) or the like, accord. to the Basrees, though the Koofees allow the contraction in the case of fet-hah also, as in سَلْفَ for سَلَفَ; (M in art. سلف;) and one says also سُرْعَ, as a contraction of سَرُعَ; all meaning سَرْعَانَ [i. e. Quick was thy doing that: or how quick was thy doing that! or, which is nearly the same, excellently quick was thy doing that; for سَرُعَ is similar to قَضُوَ and رَمُوَ, denoting excellence]. (TA.) 2 سَرَّعَ see 4.3 مُسَارَعَةٌ signifies The hastening with another; or vying, or striving, with another, in hastening; or hastening to be, or get, before another or others; (S, K;) إِلَى شَىْءٍ to a thing; (S;) as also ↓ تَسَارُعٌ; syn. مُبَادَرَةٌ; (S, K;) with which, also, [not, however, as it is expl. above, but in the sense of بُدُورٌ, i. e. simply the hastening to a thing,] ↓ إِسْرَاعٌ is syn. (TA.) One says, سَارَعُوا

إِلَى كَذَا and إِلَيْهِ ↓ تسارعوا, [They hastened, one with another, &c., to such a thing,] both signifying the same. (S.) And [of a single person,] سارع إِلَى الشَّىْءِ He hastened to the thing; syn. بادر. (Msb.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 127], وَسَارِعُوا إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ [And vie ye, one with another, in hastening to obtain forgiveness from your Lord]. (TA.) And again, [iii. 170,] الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِى الكُفْرِ Who fall into unbelief hastily, or quickly, (Bd, Jel,) and eagerly. (Bd.) 4 اسرع is originally trans.; (S, K;) [signifying He quickened, or hastened, himself, or his going, &c.;] and hence the saying, in a trad., إِذَا مَرَّ

أَحَدُكُمْ بِطِرْبَالٍ مَائِلٍ فَلْيُسْرِعِ المَشْىَ [When any one of you passes by a high wall, or the like, that is inclining, let him quicken, or hasten, the pace, or going]. (K, * TA.) But [it is used also elliptically, as meaning He hastened, in an intrans. sense; he made haste; he sped; he went quickly; and hence] you say, اسرع فِى السَّيْرِ, (S, K,) like سَرُعَ [He was quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet, in going, journeying, or pace]: (K:) or [rather he hastened, made haste, or sped, therein; for] اسرع signifies he endeavoured, or sought, and affected, to be quick, &c., as though he hastened the pace, or going; but ↓ سَرُعَ denotes what is as it were an innate quality: (Sb:) the verb being originally trans., when you say of one اسرع فى السير it is as though [meaning] he urged himself forward with haste; or he quickened, or hastened, the pace, or going; and it is only because the meaning is understood by the persons addressing one another, that the objective complement is not expressed: (Lth, K:) or the verb may be trans. by means of a particle and without a particle: or when made immediately trans., the phrase may be meant to be understood as elliptical. (TA.) [Accord. to Fei,] اسرع فِى

مَشْيِهِ, &c., inf. n. إِسْرَاعٌ, is originally اسرع مَشْيَهُ [He quickened, or hastened, his pace, or going]; فى being redundant; or اسرع الحَرَكَةَ فِى مَشْيِهِ [he quickened, or hastened, the motion in his going]: and اسرع إِلَيْهِ means اسرع المُضِىَّ إِلَيْهِ [he quickened, or hastened, the going to him]. (Msb.) ↓ سرّع is syn. with اسرع. (TA.) And you say, إِلَى الشَّرِّ ↓ تسرّع, (S, K,) meaning He hastened, or made haste, to [do] evil, or mischief; (K;) as also تزرّع. (Sgh and K in art. زرع.) And ↓ تسرّع بِالأَمْرِ He hastened to do the thing, or affair; syn. بَادَرَ بِهِ. (TA.) See also 3. b2: اسرع إِلَيْهِ occurs in a trad. as meaning He was quick, or hasty, in being angry with him, or in blaming him, or in reviling him. (Mgh.) b3: اسرع بِهِ: see [its contr.] بَطَّأَ بِهِ. b4: أَسْرَعُوا signifies also, Their beasts on which they rode were, or became, quick, swift, or fleet. (Az, S, K.) A2: مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا صَنَعْتَ كَذَا [How quick was thy doing that!]. (S, K.) 5 تَسَرَّعَ see 1 and 4; the latter in two places.6 تَسَاْرَعَ see 3, in two places.

سَرْعٌ [originally an inf. n. of سَرُعَ, like سِرْعٌ and سَرَعٌ accord. to the TA]: see سَرِيعٌ, in two places.

سَرَعٌ: see [1 and] سُرْعَةٌ.

سَرِعٌ: see سَرِيعٌ.

سُرْعَةٌ Quickness, expedition, haste, speed, rapidity, swiftness, or fleetness; [of course, tendency, action, speech, &c.;] (S, K;) as also ↓ سَرَعٌ; (K;) [the former said in the K, and the latter in the TA, to be an inf. n. of سَرُعَ:] and a hastening, making haste, or speeding; i. q. إِسْرَاعٌ [inf. n. of 4]; (TA;) or a subst. therefrom. (Msb.) You say, عَجِبْتُ مِنْ سُرْعَةِ ذَاكَ [I wondered at the quickness, &c., of that]. (S.) سَرْعَانَ and سُرْعَانَ and سِرْعَانَ (S, K) and ↓ سَرُعَانَ, the last with damm to the ر (IAar,) occurring in the phrase سرعانَ ذَا خُرُوجًا, (IAar, S, K,) meaning سَرُعَ ذَا خُرُوجًا [Quick is this in coming forth: or how quick is this in coming forth! or, which is nearly the same, excellently quick &c.], (S, K,) are dial. vars., changed from the original form, which is سَرُعَ, and, for this reason, (S,) made indecl., with the final vowel of سَرُعَ for their termination. (S, K.) The word سرعان is used as a simple enunciative [placed before its inchoative], and also as an enunciative denoting wonder: [see بُطْآنَ:] and hence the saying, (K,) لَسَرْعَانَ مَا صَنَعْتَ كَذَا How quick was thy doing that! (S, K.) The saying سَرَعَانَ ذَا إِهَالَةٌ originated from the fact that a man had a lean ewe, her snivel running from her nostrils by reason of her leanness, and it being said to him “ What is this? ” he answered, “Her grease: ” whereupon the asker said as above: the last word is in the accus. case as a denotative of state; and the meaning is, Quick, or how quick, is this snivel [coming forth] in the state of melted grease! or the last word is a specificative, under the supposition that the action is transferred [from its proper agent, which thus becomes a specificative], as in the phrase تَصَبَّبَ زَيْدٌ عَرَقًا; and the meaning to be understood is, Quick, or how quick, is the melted grease of this! the saying is applied to him who tells of a thing's coming to pass before its time: (O, K:) it is a prov. (TA.) A2: سَرْعَانُ; and its fem., سَرْعَى: see سَرِيعٌ, in two places: see also the paragraph here next following, in two places, سَرَعَانُ النَّاسِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ سَرْعَانُ الناس, (IAar, K,) The first, or foremost, of the men, or people, (IAar, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) striving, one with another, to be the first to do a thing; (K;) so says As, with reference to soldiers hastening: (TA:) the former word in this phrase is [distinguished from سَرْعَانَ in being] declinable in every case: (S:) in two trads. in which the phrase occurs, we find it differently related, سَرَعَان and سُرْعَان; the latter being pl. of سَرِيعٌ. (TA.) سَرَعَانُ الخَيْلِ, also, signifies The first or foremost, of the horsemen, and sometimes they said الخيل ↓ سَرْعَانُ. (K.) Abu-l-'Abbás says that when سرعان is an epithet applied to men, it has both of the above-mentioned forms; but when applied to others, the former is the more chaste, though the latter is allowable. (TA.) سَرُعَانَ: see سَرْعَانَ.

سُرَاعٌ; and its fem., with ة: see what next follows, in three places.

سَرِيعٌ Quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet; [in course, tendency, action, speech, &c.;] (S, Msb, * TA;) as also ↓ سَرِعٌ [and ↓ سَرْعٌ] and ↓ سُرَاعٌ, of which the fem. is with ة, and ↓ سَرْعَانُ, of which the fem. is سَرْعَى; (TA;) i. q. ↓ مُسْرِعٌ, (K,) which signifies as above; (TA;) [and which also signifies hastening, making haste, or speeding;] and ↓ مِسْرَعٌ, also, signifies quick, &c., (سَرِيع,) to [do] good or evil: (K:) the pl. of سريع is سُرْعَانٌ, (K,) and سِرَاعٌ is [also a pl. of the same,] syn. with مُسْرِعُونَ. (Msb.) You say, فَرَسٌ سَرِيعٌ and ↓ سُرَاعٌ [A quick, swift, or fleet, horse]: (IB:) and ↓ حِجْرٌ سُرَاعَةٌ meaning سَرِيعَةٌ [a quick, swift, or fleet, mare]. (K.) and ↓ اِسْعَ عَلَى رِجْلِكَ السَّرْعَى [Go thou quickly; lit. go thou, or walk thou, or run thou, upon thy quick, or swift, leg]. (Fr.) And ↓ جَآءَ سَرْعًا meaning سَرِيعًا [He, or it, came quickly, hastily, speedily, &c.]. (TA.) And God is said [in the Kur ii. 198, &c.] to be سَرِيعُ الحِسَابِ [Quick in reckoning], meaning that his reckoning will inevitably come to pass; or that one reckoning will not divert Him from another reckoning, nor one thing from another thing; or that his actions are quick, none of them being later than He desireth, because it is done without manual operation and without effort, so that He will reckon with mankind, after raising them from death and congregating them, in the twinkling of an eye, without numbering, or calculating: (K:) and [in like manner He is said in the same, chap. vi., last verse, to be] سَرِيعُ العِقَابِ [quick in punishing]. (El-Mufradát, B.) b2: Also A certain kind of going, or pace; coupled with سُنْبُكٌ, which signifies another kind thereof. (Ibn-Habeeb, TA.) b3: [السَّرِيعُ The ninth metre (بَحْر) in prosody, in which each hemistich originally consisted of مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ مَفْعُولَاتُ.] b4: And أَبُو سَرِيعٍ

The [shrub called] عَرْفَج: or the fire that is therein. (K. [See زَحْفَةٌ.]) A2: Also A shoot, or twig, that falls from the بَشَام [or tree of the balsam of Mekkeh]: pl. سِرْعَانٌ and سُرْعَانٌ. (K.) أَسْرَعُ [More, and most, quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet, of course, tendency, action, speech, &c.]. [It is said, of God, in the Kur vi. 62,] وَهُوَ أَسْرَعُ الحَاسِبِينَ [And He is the quickest of the reckoners]. (K.) [The fem.] سُرْعَى is applied to a she-camel by Honeyf El-Hanátim [as meaning Surpassingly quick or fleet]. (IAar, TA in art. بهى.) مُسْرِعٌ: see سَرِيعٌ.

مِسْرَعٌ: see سَرِيعٌ.

مِسْرَاعٌ Very quick, or hasty, (K, TA,) to [do] good or evil, (K,) or in affairs. (TA.)

سفع

1 سَفَعَتْهُ السَّمُومُ, (S,) or سَفَعَ السَّمُومُ وَجْهَهُ, (K,) and النَّارُ, (S,) and الشَّمْسُ, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَفْعٌ, (TK,) The hot wind, (S, K,) and the fire, (S,) and the sun, (TA,) smote, or burned, (S, K,) him, (S,) or his face, (K,) slightly, (S, K,) so that it altered the colour of the external skin, (S,) and, as some add, blackened it; (TA;) as also ↓ سفّعهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَسْفِيعٌ. (TA.) [It is app. from سُفْعَةٌ signifying “ blackness tinged with redness. ”] b2: [And hence,] سَفَعَهُ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He made a mark upon it: and he made a mark upon it with a hot iron, or with fire. (K, * TA.) b3: Also, aor. as above, (L, K,) and so the inf. n., (L,) (assumed tropical:) He slapped (L, K) it, a man's face, (L,) or him, a man, (K,) with his hand. (L.) And (assumed tropical:) He struck it (a man's neck) with his expanded hand: in which sense it is also written with ص. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He struck him, or beat him, (K,) with a staff, or stick. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) He (a bird) slapped it, (S, [in which only the inf. n. is mentioned,] and K,) namely, the object struck by him, (K,) with his wing, (S,) or with his wings. (K: and so [as is implied in the TA] in some copies of the S.) b4: سَفَعَ بِنَاصِيَتهِ, (Lth, S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He laid hold upon, or seized, (Lth, S, K,) and dragged, (Lth, K,) his ناصية, (Lth, S, K,) i. e. the fore part of his head (TA) [or his forelock or the hair over his forehead]: or سَفْعٌ signifies the laying hold upon, or seizing, the سُفْعَة of the head, i. e. the black part of its ناصية. (ElMufradát, TA.) You say, سَفَعَ بِنَاصِيَةِ الفَرَسِ لِيَرْكَبَهُ [He laid hold upon, or seized, the forelock of the horse, to mount him]. (TA.) And سَفَعَ بِرِجْلِهِ He laid hold upon, or seized, and dragged, his foot. (TA.) And سَفَعَ بِيَدِهِ He laid hold upon his hand: (IAar:) or he laid hold upon his hand and raised him: often used in this sense by 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-Al-Hasan, Kádee of El-Bas- rah. (Sgh.) It is said in the Kur [xcvi. 15], لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ; (S, K, &c.;) [or لَنَسْفَعَا; (see أَلِفُ النُّونِ الخَفِيفَةِ in art. ا;)] the Arabs [sometimes] substituting ا for the quiescent ن [in a case of this kind]; (Sgh;) i. e. We will assuredly take by the ناصية (Az, S, TA) to the fire [of hell]: (Az, TA:) or we will assuredly lay hold upon his ناصية and drag him thereby with violence to the fire: (Bd:) or we will assuredly drag him thereby to the fire: (O, K:) or we will assuredly blacken his face; the ناصية being put for the face because it is the fore part thereof: (Fr, Az, K:) or we will assuredly mark him with the mark of the people of the fire, (O, K,) making his face black, and his eyes blue: (O:) or we will assuredly abase him: or, render him despicable: (O, K:) or we will assuredly abase him and make him to stand: so in the L and other lexicons; for these, instead of أولَنُقْمِئَنَّهُ in the O and K, have وَلَنُقِيمَنَّهُ, and this is shown to be the right reading by the last explanation in the sentence next preceding. (TA.) A2: سَفِعَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَفَعٌ, It (a thing) was, or became, of the colour termed سُفْعَة, i. e. black tinged, or intermixed, with red. (Msb.) 2 سَفَّعَ see 1; first sentence.3 سافعهُ, inf. n. مُسَافَعَةٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) He slapped him, being slapped by him: he struck him, or beat him, being struck, or beaten, by him: and he fought with him; namely his adversary: (TA:) [or he charged upon, or assaulted, or attacked, him, the latter doing the same; for] مُسَافَعَةٌ is like مُطَارَدَةٌ. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He embraced him, being embraced by him. (TA.) 5 تسفّع He warmed himself, (K, TA,) بِالنَّارِ with the fire. (TA.) 8 اُسْتُفِعَ لَوْنُهُ His colour became altered by reason of fear, or the like, (K, TA,) as, for instance, disease. (TA.) b2: [اِسْتَفَعَ He, or it, became swollen, or affected with a tumour; for]

اِسْتِفَاعٌ is like تَهَبُّجٌ, (K, TA,) with ب before the ج. (TA: [in the CK تَهَيُّج.]) A2: اِسْتَفَعَ [from سَفْعٌ] He (a man) put on, or clad himself with, his garment: and اِسْتَفَعَتْ She (a woman) put on her garments. (TA.) سَفْعٌ مِنَ النَّارِ A mark, from fire, altering the colour of a man. (TA.) A2: سَفْعٌ also signifies A garment of any kind: (K:) but mostly such as is dyed: pl. سُفُوعٌ. (TA.) b2: [And hence, perhaps,] The spathe, or spadix, (طَلْع,) of a tree called ظِمْخٌ. (AA, T in art. ظمخ.) سُفْعٌ: see أَسْفَعُ, of which it is pl., though sometimes used as a subst.

سَفَعٌ: see سُفْعَةٌ.

سَفْعَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A stroke from a devil: (TA:) or a touch of madness or diabolical possession, in a person, as though a devil had laid hold upon his نَاصِيَة: (S, TA:) [see سَفَعَ بَنَاصِيَتِهِ:] or a stroke with the evil eye: (TA:) or a stroke of an [evil] eye by which one is affected from the jinn's looking at him; as also نَظْرَةٌ: (T in art. نظر:) or an evil eye. (K, TA: [in the CK, for سَفْعَةٌأىْ عَيْنٌ, is put سَفْعَةٌ أَوْ عَيْنٌ.]) One says, بَهِ سَفْعَةٌ In him is a touch of madness, &c. (S.) and أَصَابَتْهُ سَفْعَةٌ An evil eye smote him. (K, TA.) سُفْعَةٌ Blackness tinged, or intermixed, with redness: (Lth, S, Msb, K:) or blackness that is not much: or blackness with another colour: or blackness with blueness; or, with yellowness; accord. to the Towsheeh: but Lth says that, as meaning a colour, it has the first of all these meanings only: (TA:) or [simply] blackness. (Mgh.) In the face, it is A blackness in the cheeks of a wan, or haggard, woman: (S:) and ↓ سَفَعٌ [which is properly the inf. n. of سَفِعَ, q. v.,] a blackness tinged with redness in the cheeks of a wan, or haggard, woman, (O, K,) and of a sheep, or goat. (O.) One says also, أَرَىفِى وَجْهِهِ سُفْعَةً

مِنْ غَضَبٍ (tropical:) I see in his face a change to blackness in consequence of anger. (TA.) The سُفْعَة of the head is The blackness of its نَاصِيَة [i. e. fore part, or forelock, or hair over the forehead]. (El-Mufradát, TA.) And سُفَعٌ [which is the pl.] signifies Black spots, or specks, on the face of a bull. (TA.) b2: Also A spot of ground, in the traces of a house, differing, in its blackness, from the rest of the colour of the ground: (S, TA:) [i. e. a black, or dark, patch of ground where a house has stood:] or dung of beasts, (K, TA,) or sand, (TA,) or ashes, or sweepings commingled and compacted together, in the traces left by the inhabitants of a house, differing in colour from the ground [around]; (K, TA;) so says Lth. (TA.) سَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of سَفَعَ,] A man laying hold upon, or seizing, the نَاصِيَة [or forelock] of his horse [to mount him]. (S, * and Ham p. 7.) A2: سَوَافِعُ [pl. of سَافِعَةٌ,] Burning blasts of the [wind called] سَمُوم. (S, K.) أًسْفَعُ Of a black colour tinged, or intermixed, with redness: (S, Msb:) or black: (Mgh:) applied to a man: (S:) fem سَفْعَآءُ: (Mgh, Msb:) and سُفْعٌ [is the pl., and] signifies blacks inclining to redness. (K.) Applied to an ostrich, i. q. أَرْبَدُ [which is variously explained, as signifying Of a colour inclining to blackness, or of the colour of dust, &c.]. (TA.) And the fem., applied to a ewe, Having black cheeks, the rest of her being white. (TA.) The masc. also signifies A wild bull: (K:) or, applied to a wild bull, it signifies having in his cheeks a blackness inclining a little to redness. (TA.) And The hawk; (K;) because it has spots of black: (Er-Rághib:) all hawks are سُفْعٌ: (S:) and the fem., A pigeon (حَمَامَةٌ); because of the سُفْعَة upon its neck: (S:) or, applied to a pigeon, it signifies of which the سُفْعَة is upon its neck, (K, TA,) exclusively of the head, (TA,) in the part on each side of the neck above the ring. (K, * TA.) It is also a name for Sheep, or goats; used when they are called to be milked: (K:) so in the O: but in some copies, and in the TS, for the she-goat: (TA:) thus in the phrase, أَشْلِ إِلَيْكَ الأَسْفَعَ [Call thou to thee the sheep, or goats, or the she-goat, to be milked]: (O, TS, K:) mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) b2: Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, Black. (K.) b3: ↓ The pl. is also applied to The أَثَافِىّ, (Lth, S, K,) or three stones upon which the cooking-pot is set up; (TA;) because of their blackness: (Lth, Er-Rághib:) [see حَاضِنٌ:] and a single one thereof is called سَفْعَآءُ: (K:) or an iron أُثْفِيَّة [meaning trivet], (K, TA,) upon which the cooking-pot is set up; and this is said to be the primary application. (TA.) b4: سُفْعٌ also signifies The seeds, or grain, of the colocynth; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) because of their blackness: (TA:) n. un. with ة. (K.) مُسَفَّعٌ applied to a man clad in armour, Black from the rust of the iron. (TA.) Applied to a bull, Having black spots, or specks, on his face. (TA.) مَسْفُوعٌ A man (I'Ab) smitten by an evil eye. (I 'Ab, K.) b2: مَسْفُوعُ العَيْنِ A man whose eye is sunk, or depressed, in his head. (I 'Ab, K.) b3: [See also مَشْفُوعٌ.]

مُسَافِعٌ (assumed tropical:) Striking, or beating, another, being struck, or beaten, by him. (K.) (assumed tropical:) Charging upon, or assaulting, or attacking, another who is doing the same. (K.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) The lion (K, TA) that prostrates his prey. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Embracing. (K.) b4: (tropical:) I. q. مُسَافِحٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) i. e. having sexual intercourse without marriage. (TA.)

سدف

2 سدّفهُ, (M, TA,) inf. n. تَسْدِيفٌ, (TA,) He cut it in pieces; namely, a camel's hump. (M, TA.) 4 اسدف It (the night) became dark; (S, M, K;) accord. to some, after the جِنْح [app. as meaning the first part thereof; or about the half; or a great, or the greater, part]: (M:) or let down its curtains, and became dark: and ازدف and اسدف signify the same. (AO, TA.) b2: And اسدف القَوْمُ The people, or party, entered upon the [period of the night called] سُدْفَة. (M.) b3: And اسدف He slept; (AA, K, TA;) as also ازدف. (AA, TA.) b4: And (tropical:) His eyes became dark by reason of hunger or age: (K, TA:) said of a man. (TA.) b5: Also, said of the daybreak, or dawn, It shone: (S, K, TA:) [thus,] as AO says, it has two contr. significations. (TA.) b6: And He lighted the lamp: (K:) or one says, in the dial. of Hawázin, أَسْدِفُوا, i. e. أَسْرِجُوا [Light ye a lamp, or with a lamp]; from السِّرَاجُ: (S, TA:) or one says in that dial., أَسْدَفُوا لَنَا, i. e. أَسْرَجُوا [They lighted for us a lamp, or with a lamp]. (M.) b7: Also He moved away or aside [in order that the light might enter a place]. (K.) When a man is standing at a door or an entrance, one says to him, أَسْدِفْ, i. e. Move thou away or aside from the door, or entrance, in order that the chamber, or tent, may become light. (AA, TA. [See also the last sentence of this paragraph.]) b8: [In all of these senses, perhaps excepting one, it is intrans.: in others, trans.]

A2: You say of a woman, اسدفت القِنَاعَ, (S, TA,) and الحِجَابَ, (TA,) She let down [the head-covering, and the veil, or curtain]. (S, TA.) b2: And اسدف السِّتْرَ He raised [the veil, or curtain]. (K.) b3: One says also, أَسْدِفِ البَابَ Open thou the door, or entrance, in order that the chamber, or tent, may become light. (S.) سَدَفٌ: see سُدْفَةٌ, in three places. b2: Also The night. (S, TA.) b3: And The daybreak, or dawn: (AA, S, K:) and the advent thereof: (Fr, S, K:) and the whiteness of day. (TA.) A2: Also A ewe: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or such as has a blackness like that of night. (TA.) b2: And سَدَفْ سَدَفْ is A call to the ewe to be milked. (K.) سَدْفَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

سُدْفَةٌ and ↓ سَدْفَةٌ i. q. ↓ سَدَفٌ, (As, S, M, K,) as meaning The darkness, (As, S, K,) in the dial. of Nejd, (As, S,) or of Temeem; (K;) or as meaning the darkness of night; or, as some say, after the جِنْح [which here app. means the first part of the night; or about the half; or a great, or the greater, part]: (M:) and also as meaning the light, (As, S, K, and M in explanation of the first word,) in the dial. of others, (As, S,) or of Keys: (K:) thus having two contr. significations; (S, K;) or the darkness and the light are called by one and the same name because each of them comes upon the other: (K:) or the first, (S, M, K,) and second, (K,) the commingling of the light and the darkness, (S, M, K,) as in the time between the rising of the dawn, (S,) or as in the time between the prayer of the dawn, (M,) and that when the sun becomes white, (S, M,) accord. to some, as is said by A 'Obeyd; (S;) or, as 'Omárah says, the first signifies darkness in which is light, of the former part of the night and of the latter part thereof, between the redness after sunset and the darkness and between the dawn and the prayer [of the dawn]; And Az says that this is the correct explanation: (TA:) and the first and second, a portion of the night: (M, K:) or the first, a remaining portion of the night: (Ibn-Habeeb, TA:) or the first of five divisions of the night: (TA in art. خدر: see خُدْرَةٌ, voce خَدَرٌ:) and the first, (K, TA,) i. e. with damm, (TA,) or the second, (CK,) as also ↓ سَدَفٌ, the blackness of night: (K:) the pl. of the first is سُدَفٌ; as in the saying of 'Alee, كَشَفْتُ عَنْهُمْ سُدَفَ اللَّيْلِ I removed from over them the darknesses of night: (TA:) and the pl. of ↓ سَدَفٌ is أَسْدَافٌ. (M, TA.) You say also, رَأَيْتُ سُدْفَةَ شَخْصِهِ مِنْ بُعْدٍ (tropical:) I saw the blackness of his body, or form, from a distance. (TA.) A2: Also the first, A door, or an entrance: (M, K:) or its سُدَّة [i. e. vestibule, or porch, &c.]: (K:) and a sort of covering over a door to protect it from the rain. (K, * TA.) سُدُوفٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is app. سَدَفٌ, like شَدَفٌ,] The corporeal forms or figures or substances of men or other things which one sees from a distance: (K:) accord. to Sgh, (TA,) correctly with ش: (K, TA:) but the truth is, that they are two dial. vars. (TA.) سَدِيفٌ A camel's hump: (S:) or a camel's hump cut into pieces: (M, TA:) or pieces [or slices] of a camel's hump: (Ham p. 258:) or the fat of a camel's hump: (M, K, and Ham p. 257:) [or a very fat hump of a camel: (Freytag, from the Deewán of Jereer:)] pl. سَدَائِفُ and سِدَافٌ. (TA.) سِدَافَةٌ A veil, or covering; a thing that veils, conceals, covers, or protects: whence the saying of Umm-Selemeh to 'Áïsheh, (O, K, TA,) when she desired to go forth to El-Basrah, (TA,) قَدْ وَجَّهْتِ سِدَافَتَهُ i. e. هَتَكْتِ السِّتْرَ i. e. أَخَذْتِ وَجْهَهَا [i. e. وَجْهَ سِدَافَتِهِ (JM in art. وجه) Thou hast rent open his veil, or covering, meaning the Prophet's, as is shown in the TA]: (O, K, TA:) or thou hast removed his veil, or covering: (O, TA:) or thou hast removed his veil, or covering, from its place, to which thou wast commanded to keep, and hast placed it before thee: (O, K, TA:) but the saying is also related otherwise, i. e. وَجَّهْتِ سِجَافَتَهُ, mentioned before [in art. سجف]. (TA.) One says also, وَجَّهَ فُلَانٌ سِدَافَتَهُ, meaning Such a one quitted his veil, or covering, and came forth from [behind] it. (TA.) أَسْدَفُ, as an epithet applied to night, Dark, (M, [as also مُسْدِفٌ,]) or black. (K.) مُسْدِفٌ Dark: [like أَسْدَفُ:] and also light: having two contr. significations. (M, TA.) b2: And Entering upon the [period called] سُدْفَة. (TA.).

سَنَامٌ مُسَدَّفٌ A camel's hump cut into pieces [or slices]. (M.) حِجَابٌ مَسْدُوفٌ A veil, or curtain, let down. (TA.)

سوق

1 سَاقَ المَاشِيَةَ, (S, K,) or النَّعَمَ, (Mgh,) or الدَّابَّةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْقٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سِيَاقٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies, but it is said in the JK that this latter is used in relation to death, and such is generally the case,]) or سَيَاقٌ, like سَحَابٌ, (TA, [but this I have not found elsewhere, and I doubt its correctness,]) and سِيَاقَةٌ and مَسَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) He drove the cattle [or the beast]; he urged the cattle [or the beast] to go; (Mgh;) and ↓ استاقها signifies the same, (S, K,) as also ↓ اساقها, and ↓ سوّقها; (TA;) or تَسْوِيقٌ, the inf. n. [or this last], signifies the driving well: (KL:) [and accord. to Freytag, ↓ استساق, followed by an accus., signifies the same as سَاقَ as expl. above; but for this he names no authority.] Hence, in the Kur [lxxv. 30], إِلَى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ المَسَاقُ (TA) i. e. To thy Lord, and his judgment, on that day, shall be the driving. (Bd, Jel.) And the saying, in a trad., لَاتَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَحْطَانَ يَسُوقُ النَّاسَ بِعَصًاهُ [properly rendered The resurrection, or the hour thereof, shall not come to pass until a man come forth from the tribe of Kahtán driving the people with his staff], allusive to his having the mastery over them, and their obeying him; the staff being mentioned only to indicate his tyrannical and rough treatment of them. (TA.) [And hence the saying, ساق عَلَىَّ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He urged such a one to intercede for him with me.] b2: [Hence also,] سَاقَهُ القَدَرُ إِلَى مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) [Destiny drove him, or impelled him, to that which was destined for him]. (TA.) [And in like manner one says of desire, &c.] b3: And ساق إِلَى

المَرْأَةِ مَهْرَهَا, (K,) or صَدَاقَهَا, (S, Msb,) inf. n. سِيَاقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اساقهُ; (Msb, K;) (tropical:) He sent to the woman her dowry; (K, TA;) or conveyed it, or caused it to be conveyed, to her; (Msb;) though consisting of dirhems or deenárs; because the dowry, with the Arabs, originally consisted of camels, which are driven. (TA.) And hence, مَاسُقْتَ إِلَيْهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) What didst thou give her as her dowry? occurring in a trad.; or, as some related it, مَا سُقْتَ مِنْهَا, i. e. What didst thou give for her, or in exchange for her? (TA.) and ساق إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) [He made, or caused, the thing to go, pass, or be conveyed or transmitted, to him; he sent to him the thing]. (M and K in art. اتى.) And ساق إِلَيْهِ خَيْرًا (tropical:) [He caused good, or good fortune, to betide him]. (TA.) and ساق لِأَرْضِهِ أَتِيًّا (assumed tropical:) [He made a rivulet, or a channel for water, to run to his land], (M in art. اتى.) b4: [Hence likewise,] سَاقَتِ الرِّيحُ السَّحَابَ (tropical:) [The wind drove along the clouds]. (S, * TA.) b5: [And ساق الحَدِيثَ, inf. n. سِيَاقٌ and سَوْقٌ and مَسَاقٌ, (tropical:) He carried on the narrative, or discourse.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَسُوقُ الحَدِيثَ أَحْسَنَ سِيَاقٍ (tropical:) [Such a one carries on the narrative, or discourse, in the best manner of doing so]. (Mgh, TA.) and إِلَيْكَ يُسَاقُ الحَدِيثُ (tropical:) [To thee as its object the narrative, or discourse, is carried on]. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ مَسَاقُهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) [Speech whereof the carrying-on is pointed to such a thing]. (TA.) And جِئْتُكَ بِالحَدِيثِ عَلَى سَوْقِهِ (tropical:) [I uttered to thee the narrative, or discourse, after the proper manner of the carrying-on thereof]. (TA.) [In like manner also one says,] ساق الأُمُورَ أَحْسَنَ مَسَاقٍ (assumed tropical:) [He carried on, or prosecuted, affairs, or the affairs, in the best manner of doing so]. (A in art. حوذ.) b6: سَوْقُ المَعْلُومِ مَسَاقَ غَيْرِهِ [from ساق الحَدِيثَ expl. above] means (assumed tropical:) The asking respecting that which one knows in the manner of one's asking respecting that which he knows not: a mode of speech implying hyperbole: as when one says, أَوَجْهُكَ هٰذَا أَمْ بَدْرٌ [Is this thy face or a full moon?]. (Kull p. 211.) b7: ساق said of a sick man, (K,) and ساق نَفْسَهُ, [app. thus originally,] (Ks, Msb, TA,) and ساق بِنَفْسِهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (Ks, S, O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. سِيَاقٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) originally سِوَاقٌ, (TA,) and سَوْقٌ (O, K) and سُؤُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He cast forth, or vomited, his soul; (Ks, TA;) he gave up his spirit; or was at the point of death, in the agony of death, or at the point of having his soul drawn forth; (S, O, Msb, TA;) or he began to give up his spirit, or to have his soul drawn forth. (K.) You say, رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا يَسُوقُ (tropical:) I saw such a one giving up his spirit at death. (S, O, TA.) And رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا بِالسَّوْقِ [or فِى السِّيَاقِ, as in the Msb,] (tropical:) I saw such a one in the act [or agony] of death; and يُسَاقُ [having his soul expelled], inf. n. سَوْقٌ: and إِنَّ نَفْسَهُ لَتُسَاقُ (tropical:) [Verily his soul is being expelled]. (ISh, TA.) A2: سَاقَهُ, (K,) first Pers\. سُقْتُهُ, (S,) aor. as above, inf. n. سَوْقٌ, (TA,) also signifies He hit, or hurt, his (another man's, S) سَاق [or shank]. (S, K.) 2 سوّق, inf. n. تَسْوِيقٌ: see 1, first sentence. b2: سوّق فُلَانًا أَمْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made such a one to have the ruling, or ordering, of his affair, or case. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: See also 5.

A2: Said of a plant, (TA,) or of a tree, (K,) more properly of the former, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) It had a سَاق [i. e. stem, stock, or trunk]. (K, TA.) 3 ساوقهُ He vied, or competed, with him, in driving: (K: [in the CK, for فى السَّوْقِ, is put فى السُّوْقِ:]) or he vied, or competed, with him to decide which of them twain was the stronger; from the phrase قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ. (S.) [Hence,] one says بَعِيرٌ يُسَاوِقُ الصَّيْدَ (tropical:) [A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) b2: مُسَاوَقَةٌ is also syn. with مُتَابَعَةٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The making to be consecutive, or successive, for it is added], as though driving on one another, or as though one portion were driving on another. (TA. [See 6, its quasi-pass.].) b3: [Freytag also assigns to ساوق the meaning of He, or it, followed (secutus fuit), as on the authority of the Hamáseh; but without pointing out the page; and it is not in his index of words explained therein.]4 أَسْوَقَ see 1, in two places. b2: أَسَقْتُهُ إِبِلًا I made him to drive camels: (K:) or I gave to him camels, to drive them: (S, TA:) or (tropical:) I made him to posses camels. (TA.) 5 تسوّق القَوْمُ The people, or party, [trafficked in the سُوق, or market; or] sold and bought: (S, TA:) the vulgar say ↓ سَوَّقُوا. (TA.) 6 تساوقت الإِبِلُ (tropical:) The camels followed one another; (Az, O, Msb, K, TA;) and in like manner one says تَقَاوَدَت; (O, K, * TA;) as though, by reason of their weakness and leanness, some of them held back from others. (TA.) and تساوقت الغَنَمُ (tropical:) The sheep, or goats, pressed, one upon another, (K,) or followed one another, (O,) in going along, (O, K,) as though driving on one another. (O.) [See also 7.] b2: The lawyers say, تساوقت الخِطْبَتَانِ, meaning (tropical:) [The two demandings of a woman in marriage] were simultaneous: but [Fei says] I have not found it in the books of lexicology in this sense. (Msb.) 7 انساقت المَاشِيَةُ The cattle went, or went along, being driven; [or as though driven; or drove along;] quasi-pass. of سَاقَهَا. (S, TA.) and انساقت الإِبِلُ [has the like signification: or means] (assumed tropical:) The camels became consecutive. (TA. [See also 6.]) 8 إِسْتَوَقَ see 1, first sentence.10 إِسْتَسْوَقَ see 1, first sentence.

سَاقٌ The shank; i. e. the part between the knee and the foot of a human being; (Msb;) or the part between the ankle and the knee (K, TA) of a human being; (TA;) the ساق of the human foot: (S, TA:) and [the part properly corresponding thereto, i. e. the thigh commonly so called, and also the arm, of a beast;] the part above the وَظِيف of the horse and mule and ass and camel, and the part above the كُرَاع of the ox-kind and sheep or goat and antelope: (TA:) [it is also sometimes applied to the shank commonly so called, of the hind leg, and, less properly, of the fore leg, of a beast: and to the bone of any of the parts above mentioned: and sometimes, by synecdoche, to the hind leg, and, less properly, to the fore leg also, of a beast: it generally corresponds to ذِرَاعٌ: of a bird, it is the thigh commonly so called: and sometimes the shank commonly so called: and, by synecdoche, the leg:] it is of the fem. gender: (Msb, TA:) and for this reason, (TA,) the dim. is ↓ سُوَيْقَةٌ: (Msb, TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is سُوقٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and سِيقَانٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْؤُقٌ, (S, O, K,) the و in this last being with ء in order that it may bear the dammeh. (O, K.) A poet says, لِلْفَتَى عَقْلٌ يَعِيشُ بِهِ حَيْثُ تَهْدِى سَاقَهُ قَدَمُهْ meaning The young man has intelligence whereby he lives when his foot directs aright his shank. (IAar, TA.) And one says of a man when difficulty, or calamity, befalls him, كَشَفَ عَنْ سَاقِهِ [lit. He uncovered his shank; meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for difficulty]: so says IAmb: and hence, he says, (TA, [in which a similar explanation is cited from ISd also,]) they mention the ساق when they mean to express the difficulty of a case or an event, and to tell of the terror occasioned thereby. (K, TA.) Thus, the saying يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ, (S, K, TA,) in the Kur [lxviii. 42], (S, TA,) [lit. On a day when a shank shall be uncovered,] means (assumed tropical:) on a day when difficulty, or calamity, shall be disclosed. (I'Ab, Mujáhid, S, K, TA.) It is like the saying, قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ, (S, TA,) which means (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement, (Msb in this art. and in art. حرب,) so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment: (Id. in art. حرب:) and كَشَفَتِ الحَرْبُ عَنْ سَاقٍ, [as also شَمَّرَتْ عَنْ سَاقِهَا,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) The war, or battle, became vehement. (Jel in lxviii. 42.) And in like manner, وَالْتَفَّتِ السَّاقُ بِالسَّاقِ, (K, TA,) in the Kur [lxxv. 29], (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) And the affliction of the present state of existence shall be combined with that of the final state: (K, TA:) or it means when the [one] leg shall be inwrapped with the other leg by means of the grave-clothes. (TA.) One says also, قَامَ القَوْمُ عَلَى سَاقٍ (assumed tropical:) The people or party, became in a state of toil, and trouble, or distress. (TA.) And قَرَعَ لِلْأَمْرِ سَاقَهُ, [originating from one's striking the shin of his camel in order to make him lie down to be mounted; lit. He struck his shank for the affair;] meaning (assumed tropical:) he prepared himself for the thing, or affair; syn. تَشَمَّرَ: (JK:) or he was, or became, light, or active, and he rose, or hastened, to do the thing; or (assumed tropical:) he applied himself vigorously, or diligently, or with energy, to the thing, or affair; i. q. شَمَّرَ لَهُ [q. v.]; (TA;) or تَجَرَّدَ لَهُ. (A and TA in art. قرع [q. v.: see also ظُنْبُوبٌ, in several places].) [It is also said that] أَوْهَتْ بِسَاقٍ means كِدْتُ

أَفْعَلُ [i. e. I nearly, or almost, did what I purposed: but this explanation seems to have been derived only from what here, as in the TA, immediately follows]: Kurt says, describing the wolf, وَلٰكِنِّى رَمَيْتُكَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ

فَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ وَقَدْ أَوْهَتْ بِسَاقِ [i. e., app., But I shot at thee from afar, and I did not what I purposed, though it (the shot, الرَّمْيَةُ, I suppose, being meant to be understood,) maimed a shank: which virtually means, though I nearly did what I purposed: the poet, I assume, says اوهت بساق for the sake of the measure and rhyme, for أَوْهَتْ سَاقًا: see what is said, in the explanations of the preposition بِ, respecting the phrase وَامْسَحُوا بِرُؤُسِكُمْ]. (TA.) b2: By a secondary application, سَاقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) [A greave; i. e.] a thing that is worn on the ساق [or shank] of the leg, made of iron or other material. (Mgh.) b3: Also (tropical:) [The stem, stock, or trunk, i. e.] the part between the أَصْل [here meaning root, or foot, (though it is also syn. with ساق in the sense in which the latter is here explained,)] and the place where the branches shoot out; (TA;) or the support; (Msb;) or the جِذْع; (S, K;) of a tree, or shrub: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. [of mult.]

سُوقٌ (Msb, TA) and سُوقٌ and سُوُوقٌ and سُؤُوقٌ and [of pauc.] أَسْوُقٌ and أَسْؤُقٌ. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, that a man said, I applied to him to decide in a litigation with the son of my brother, and began to overcome him therein; whereupon he said, Thou art like as Aboo-Duwád says, أَنَّى أُتِيحَ لَهُ حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبَةٍ

لَا يُرْسِلُ السَّاقَ إِلَّا مُمْسِكًا سَاقَا [Whencesoever, or however, a preparation is made for him, to catch him, he is like a chameleon of a tree of the kind called تَنْضُب, he will not loose the stem thereof unless grasping a stem]: he meant that no plea of his came to nought but he clung to another; likening him to the chameleon, which places itself facing the sun, and ascends half-way up the tree, or shrub, then climbs to the branches when the sun becomes hot, then climbs to a higher branch, and will not loose the former until it grasps the other. (O, TA. *) b4: [Hence, perhaps, as it seems to be indicated in the O,] one says, وَلَدَتْ فُلَانَةُ ثَلَاثَةَ بَنِينَ عَلَى سَاقٍ, (K, [in the copies of which, however, I find ثَلَاثَ put for ثَلَاثَةَ,]) or عَلَى سَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ, (S,) or وَاحِدَةٍ, (O,) i. e. (tropical:) Such a woman brought forth three sons, one after another, without any girl between them: (S, O, K, TA:) so says ISk: and وُلِدَ لِفُلَانٍ ثَلَاثَةُ

أَوْلَادٍ سَاقًا عَلَى سَاقٍ, i. e. (tropical:) Three children were born to such a one, one after another. (TA.) and بَنَى القَوْمُ بُيُوتَهُمْ عَلَى سَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ (assumed tropical:) [The people, or party, built their houses, or constructed their tents, in one row or series]. (TA.) b5: سَاقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The soul, or self; syn. نَفْسٌ: hence the saying of 'Alee (in the war of the [schismatics called] شُرَاة), لَابُدَّ لِى مِنْ قِتَالِهِمْ وَلَوْ تَلِفَتْ سَاقِى (assumed tropical:) [There is not for me any way of avoiding combating them, though my soul, or self, should perish by my doing so]. (Abu-l-' Abbás, O, TA.) So too in the saying, قَدَحَ فِى سَاقِهِ [as though meaning (tropical:) He cankered his very soul]: (IAar, TA in art. قدح:) [or] he deceived him, and did that which was displeasing to him: (L in that art.:) or (tropical:) he impugned his honour, or reputation; from the action of canker-worms (قَوَادِح) cankering the stem, or trunk, of a shrub, or tree. (A in that art.) A2: سَاقُ حُرٍّ [is said to signify] The male of the قَمَارِىّ [or species of collared turtle-doves of which the female is called قُمْرِيَّةٌ (see قُمْرِىٌّ)]; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. the وَرَشَان: (S, Msb:) the former appellation being given to it as imitative of its cry: (As, K:) it has neither fem. nor pl.: (AHát, TA:) or السَّاقُ is the pigeon; and الحُرُّ, its young one: (Sh, K:) the poet Ibn-Harmeh uses the phrase كَسَاقِ ابْنِ حُرٍّ. (O, TA.) [See more in art. حر.]

سَوْقٌ: see سِيَاقٌ.

سُوقٌ [A market, mart, or fair;] a place in which commerce is carried on; (ISd, Msb, TA;) a place of articles of merchandise: (Mgh, TA:) so called because people drive their commodities thither: (TA:) [in the S unexplained, and in the K only said to be well-known:] of the fem. gender, and masc., (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) the former in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, and the latter in that of Temeem, (S and Msb voce زُقَاقٌ, q. v.,) the former the more chaste, or the making it masc. is a mistake: (Msb:) pl. أَسْوَاقٌ: (TA:) the dim. is ↓ سُوَيْقَةٌ [with ة, confirming the opinion of those who hold سُوقٌ to be only fem.]: also signifying merchandise, syn. تِجَارَةٌ; as in the phrase, جَاءَتْ سُوَيْقَةٌ [Merchandise came]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سُوقُ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) The thickest, or most vehement part (حَوْمَة) of the fight; (S, K, TA;) and so الحَرْبِ ↓ سُوقَةُ; i. e. the midst thereof. (TA.) سَوَقٌ Length of the shanks: (S, K:) or beauty thereof: (K:) or it signifies also beauty of the shank. (S.) سَاقَةٌ (tropical:) The rear, or hinder part, of an army: (S, Mgh, K, TA:) pl. of ↓ سَائِقٌ; being those who drive on the army from behind them, and who guard them: (TA:) or as though pl. of سَائِقٌ, like as قَادَةٌ is of قَائِدٌ. (Mgh.) And hence, سَاقَةُ الحَاجِّ (tropical:) [The rear of the company of pilgrims]. (TA.) سُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A subject, and the subjects, of a king; (K, TA;) so called because driven by him; (TA;) contr. of مَلِكٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) whether practising traffic or not: (Mgh:) not meaning of the people of the أَسْوَاق [or markets], as the vulgar think; (Msb;) for such are called سُوقِيُّونَ, sing.

سُوقِىٌّ: (Ham p. 534:) it is used alike as sing. and pl. (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and dual (Mgh, Msb) and masc. and fem.: (S, K:) but sometimes it has سُوَقٌ for its pl. (S, K.) A2: سُوقَةُ الطُّرْثُوثِ [in the CK, erroneously, التُّرْثُوثِ] The part of the [plant called] طرثوث that is below the نِكْعَة [or نَكَعَة or نُكَعَة, which is the head from the top to the extent of a finger, or the flower at the head thereof]; (O, K;) sweet and pleasant: so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) AHn says [of the طرثوث], it is like the penis of the ass, and there is no part of it more pleasant, nor sweeter, than its سوقة; which is in some instances long; and in some, short. (TA.) A3: See also سُوقٌ, last sentence.

سُوقِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the سُوق, or market]. Its pl., سُوقِيُّونَ, means The people of the سُوق (Ham p. 534.) b2: [Hence,] أَدِيمٌ سُوقِىٌّ A skin, or hide, prepared, or dressed; in a good state: or not prepared or dressed: it is ascribed to the vulgar: and there is a difference of opinion respecting it: the second [explanation, or meaning,] is that which is commonly known. (TA.) سَوِيقٌ Meal of parched barley (شَعِير), or of [the species thereof, or similar grain, called] سُلْت, likewise parched; and it is also of wheat; but is mostly made of barley (شعير); (MF, TA;) what is made of wheat or of barley; (Msb, TA;) well known: (S, Msb, K, TA:) [it is generally made into a kind of gruel, or thick ptisan, being moistened with water, or clarified butter, or fat of a sheep's tail, &c.; (see لَتَّ;) and is therefore said (in the Msb in art. حسو and in the KT voce أَكْلٌ, &c.,) to be supped, or sipped, not eaten: but it is likewise thus called when dry; and in this state is taken in the palm of the hand and conveyed to the mouth, or licked up: (see حَافّق, and قَمِحَ:) it is also made of other grains beside those mentioned above; and of several mealy fruits; of the fruit of the Theban palm; (see حَتِىٌّ;) and of the carob; (see خَرُّوبٌ;) &c.:] it is also, sometimes, with ص: so says IDrd in the JM: and he adds, I think it to be of the dial. of Benoo-Temeem: it is peculiar to that of Benul-' Ambar: (O, TA:) the n. un. [meaning a portion, or mess, thereof] is with ة: (AAF, TA in art. جش:) and the pl. is أَسْوِقَةٌ. (TA.) b2: and Wine: (AA, K:) also called سَوِيقُ الكَرْمِ. (AA, TA.) سِيَاقٌ [an inf. n. of 1 (q. v.) in several senses. b2: As a subst., properly so termed,] (tropical:) A dowry, or nuptial gift; (K, TA;) as also ↓ سَوْقٌ [which is likewise originally an inf. n.: see 1]. (TA.) b3: [Also, as a subst. properly so termed, (assumed tropical:) The following part of a discourse &c.; opposed to سِبَاقٌ: you say سِبَاقُ الكَلَامِ وَسِيَاقُهُ (assumed tropical:) the preceding and following parts of the discourse; the context, before and after: see, again 1. And (assumed tropical:) The drift, thread, tenour, or scope, of a discourse &c.]

سُوَيْقَةٌ dim. of سَاقٌ, q. v.: (Msb, TA:) A2: and of سُوقٌ, also, q. v. (TA.) سَوَّاقٌ: see سَائِقٌ.

A2: Also A seller, and a maker, of سَوِيق. (Mgh.) سُوَّاقٌ Long in the سَاق [or shank]. (AA, K. [See also أَسْوَقُ.]) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Having a سَاق [or stem]; applied to a plant. (Ibn-Abbád, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) The طَلْع [or spadix] of a palm-tree, when it has come forth, and become a span in length. (K.) سَائِقٌ [Driving, or a driver;] the agent of the verb in the phrase سَاقَ المَاشِيَةَ: as also ↓ سَوَّاقٌ (S, K) in an intensive sense [as meaning Driving much or vehemently, or a vehement driver]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former سَاقَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) مَعَهَا سَائِقٌ وَشَهِيدٌ, in the Kur [l. 20], is said to mean Having with it a driver to the place of congregation [for judgment] and a witness to testify against it of its works: (TA:) i. e. an angel driving it, and another angel testifying of its works: or an angel performing both of these offices: or a writer of evil deeds and a writer of good deeds: or its own person, or its consociate [devil], and its members, or its works. (Bd.) سَيِّقٌ, [originally سَيوِْقٌ,] (assumed tropical:) Clouds (سَحَابٌ, Az, As, S, K) driven by the wind, (Az, As, S,) containing no water, (Az, S, K,) or whether containing water or not. (As.) سَيِّقَةٌ, [a subst. formed from the epithet سَيِّقٌ by the affix ة,] originally سَيْوِقَةٌ, (TA,) Beasts (دَوَابّ) driven by the enemy; (S, K;) like وَسِيقَةٌ: so in a verse cited voce جَبَأَ: (S:) or a number of camels, of a tribe, driven away together, or attacked by a troop of horsemen and driven away. (Z, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, المَرْءُ سَيِّقَةُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [Man, or the man, is the impelled of destiny]; i. e. destiny drives him to that which is destined for him, and will not pass him by. (TA.) b3: سَيِّقَةٌ signifies also An animal by means of which [in the O بِهَا for which فِيهَا is erroneously put in the K,] the sportsman conceals himself, and then shoots, or casts, at the wild animals: (O, K:) like قَيِّدَةٌ: (A in art. قود:) said by Th to be a she-camel [used for that purpose]: (TA:) [so called because driven towards the objects of the chase: see دَرِيْئَةٌ:] pl. سَيَائِقُ. (K.) [See also مِسْوَقٌ.]

أَسْوَقُ A man (S, * TA) long in the shanks: (S, K: [see also سُوَّاقٌ:]) or thick in the shanks: (IDrd, TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) beautiful in the shank or shanks, (S, K,) applied to a man: and so سَوْقَآءُ applied to a woman: (S:) Lth explains the latter as meaning a woman having plump shanks, with hair. (TA.) إِسَاقَةٌ (Lth, O, K, in the CK اَسَاقة,) The strap of the horse's strirrup. (Lth, O, K.) بَعِيرٌ مِسْوَقٌ, (JK, O, and TA as from the Tekmileh,) or مُسْوِقٌ, like مُحْسِنٌ, (K, [but this I think to be a mistake,]) means الَّذِى يُسَاوقُ الصَّيْدَ [i. e. (tropical:) A camel that vies with the animals of the chase in driving on, or in strength]; (JK, O, K;) so says Ibn-' Abbád: (O:) accord. to the L, a camel by means of which one conceals himself from the animals of the chase, to circumvent them. (TA. [See also سَيِّقَةٌ, last signification.]) مِسْوَقَةٌ A staff, or stick, with which cattle are driven: pl. مَسَاوِقُ: perhaps post-classical.]

مُنْسَاقٌ i. q. تَابِعٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A follower, or servant; as though driven]. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A relation; syn. قَرِيبٌ. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K.) b3: And عَلَمٌ مُنْسَاقٌ (assumed tropical:) A mountain extending along the surface of the earth. (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K *)

سبل

2 سبّلهُ, inf. n. تَسْبِيلٌ, means جَعَلَهُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ [He assigned it, or the profit, or revenue, or usufruct, thereof, to be employed in the way, meaning cause, of God, or of religion; or in the doing of anything, or all, that God has commanded, or of the works whereby one pursues the way that leads to advancement in the favour of God; he dedicated it to pious, or charitable, uses or purposes]; (K, TA;) as though [meaning] he made it a trodden way [whereby to advance] to [the favour of] God. (TA.) Yousay, سبّل ضَيْعَتَهُ, using the verb in this sense [i. e. He assigned the profit, or revenue, or usufruct, of his estate to be employed in the cause of God, or of religion]; (S;) to be given to the wayfarer, and the poor, and the warrior against unbelievers, and others. (TA voce سَبِيلٌ.) and سبّل التَّمَرَةَ He assigned the profit to be employed in the ways of good works (Mgh, Msb) and the various kinds of pious deeds: (Msb:) or he made the profit to be allowable, or free, to those for whose benefit the property itself was made unalienable in perpetuity. (TA. [See an ex. in the first paragraph of art. حبس, relating to some palm-trees which 'Omar desired to give in charity.]) A2: سبّل, [either سَبَّلَ or, سُبِّلَ both app. allowable, (see the part. ns., below,)] He (a man) was, or became, long in the سَبَلَة [q. v.]; as though he had a long سَبَلَة given to him. (TA.) b2: See also 4.4 أَسْبَلَتِ الطَّرِيقُ The road had many passengers following, or succeeding, one another, or going repeatedly to and fro, upon it. (M, K.) A2: اسبل إِزَارَهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. إِسْبَالٌ, (TA,) He let loose, let down, or lowered, his waist-wrapper; (S, M, K;) and so السِّتْرَ the veil, or curtain, (Msb,) or he let down, let fall, or made to hang down, the veil, or curtain: (Mgh:) the former act is forbidden in a trad. (TA.) And اسبلت ذَيْلَهَا [She made her skirt to hang down; or to hang down low, so that she dragged it on the ground]; said of a woman. (M.) And اسبل ثَوْبَهُ He dragged his garment [on the ground]; (O;) and ↓ سبّلهُ signifies the same, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَسْبِيلٌ. (TA.) And اسبل ذَنَبَهُ He made his tail to hang down; he hung down his tail; said of a horse. (M.) b2: [Hence,] اسبل المَآءَ (assumed tropical:) He (a man) poured forth the water. (Msb.) and اسبل دَمْعَهُ (M, K, TA) (tropical:) He shed, or let fall, his tears. (K, TA.) A3: The verb is also similarly used intransitively. (TA.) You say, of a part of the beard, اسبل عَلَى الصَّدْرِ [It fell, or hung down, upon the breast]. (Az, O, TA.) b2: and اسبل المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain let fall a shower, and became dense; as though it let down a curtain: (A, TA: [but accord. to this explanation, the verb is app. trans.; and the phrase, elliptical:]) or the rain fell continuously, or in consecutive showers, and in large drops: and in like manner, الدَّمْعُ the tears. (S, K,) b3: And اسبلت السَّمَآءُ (Az, S, M, K) (assumed tropical:) The sky let fall its rain issuing from the clouds and not as yet having reached the earth: (Az, S, TA:) or [simply] the sky rained. (K.) And اسبلت أَرْوَاقُ العَيْنِ (tropical:) The sides of the eye shed tears. (O, K, * TA, all in art. روق.) b4: And اسبل عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He poured forth his speech against him abundantly, [or in torrents,] (A, K, * TA,) like as rain pours. (A. TA.) A4: اسبل الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its سُنْبُل [or ears]; (S;) and so ↓ سَنْبَلَ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) or put forth its سَبَل, (Msb in explanation of the former,) which is syn. with سُنْبُل, (S, M, Msb, K,) or its سَبُولَة: (K in explanation of the former:) [Mtr says,] ↓ تَسَنْبَلَ I have not found. (Mgh.) Q. Q. 1 سَنْبَلَ: see 4, last sentence: A2: and art. سنبل.

Q. Q. 2 تَسَنْبَلَ: see 4, last sentence.

سَبَلٌ A thing that one has let loose, let down, let fall, or made to hang down, and to drag [on the ground]; like as نَشَرٌ signifies “ a thing that one has spread ” &c.: whence the trad., مَنْ جَرَّ سَبَلَهُ مِنَ الخُيَلَآءِ لَا يَنْظُرُ اللّٰهُ يَوْمَ القِيٰمَةِ [He who drags what he has made to hang down of his garment from pride, or self-conceit, God will not look towards him on the day of resurrection]: (O:) or سَبَلٌ means garments made to hang down [so as to drag]; and is pl. of ↓ سَبَلَةٌ; [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which سَبَلَةٌ is the n. un.;] whence جَرَّ سَبَلَتَهُ, (TA,) which means [He dragged his garment; though said to mean,] his garments. (K, TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Rain: (S, M, K:) or rain issuing from the clouds and not as yet having reached the earth: (Az, S, TA:) or flowing rain: and likewise flowing blood. (Ham p. 359.) b3: [Hence, app., as indicating swiftness,] سَبَلُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) A certain mare, (S, K,) an excellent mare, said by As to have been the mother of أَعْوَجُ, and to have belonged to [the tribe of] Ghanee. (S, TA.) b4: And سَبَلٌ [or سَبَلُ as a fem. proper name] is a name for (assumed tropical:) A ewe, or she-goat: and such is called to be milked by saying سَبَلْ سَبَلْ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) A2: Also i. q. ↓ سُنْبُلٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which signifies The ears of corn: (MA: [and in like manner both are expl. in the KL, but as singulars, app. because used as gen. ns.:]) n. un. of the former with ↓ ة, and so of ↓ the latter: and the pl. of ↓ سُنْبُلٌ, which is of the measure فُنْعُلٌ, is سَنَابِلُ: (Msb:) or this is pl. of سُنْبُلَةٌ, (S,) as also سُنْبُلَاتٌ: (Kur xii. 43 and 46:) or سُنْبُلَةٌ [in the CK (erroneously) سُبْلَة] signifies an ear of corn [so I render زَرْعَةٌ (in the CK زُرْعَة)] that is bending, or inclining, as also ↓ سَبُولَةٌ [mentioned in one of my two copies of the S as syn. with سُنْبُلَةٌ but not in the other copy] and ↓ سُبُولَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ سَبَلَةٌ; (K;) or, accord. to Lth, ↓ سَبُولَةٌ signifies an ear (سُنْبُلَة) of millet (ذُرَة), and of rice, and the like, when bending, or inclining: (O, TA:) and some say that سَبَلٌ signifies spreading, or expanding, awn of the سُنْبُل [or ears of corn]; (M, TA;) or the extremities thereof; (TA;) and the pl. is سُبُولٌ; (M;) or سبول is syn. with سُنْبُلٌ, in the dial. of بنو هميان [?]. (TA.) ↓ السُّنْبُلَةُ is also the name of A certain sign of the Zodiac [i. e. Virgo]: (S in the present art., and K in art. سنبل:) [or Spica Virginis;] a star in Virgo; thus called by astrologers; also called السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ. (Kzw. [See art. سمك.]) الطِّيبِ ↓ سُنْبُلُ is A well-known plant, [spikenard, which is called in the present day السُّنْبُلُ الهِنْدِىُّ,] brought from India. (O. [See also art. سنبل.]) b2: Also sing. of أَسْبَالٌ, which signifies (assumed tropical:) The uppermost parts of a bucket, (O,) or the lips thereof: (S:) or ↓ سَبَلَةٌ is the sing. of أَسْبَالٌ in these senses; and signifies (tropical:) the head of a vessel [like as it signifies the “ ear,” which is the “ head,” of a culm of wheat &c.]. (TA.) Yousay, مَلَأَهَا إِلَى أَسْبَالِهَا (tropical:) He filled it (i. e. the winecup, الكَأْسَ, M, TA, or the bucket, الدَّلْوَ, O) to its edges, (M, K, TA,) and to its lips. (K.) And a poet says, (S,) namely Bá'ith Ibn-Sureym El-Yeshkuree, (TA,) إِذْ أَرْسَلُونِى مَاتِحًا بِدِلَائِهِمْ فَمَلَأْتُهُا عَلَقًا إِلَى أَسْبَالِهَا [When they sent me drawing with their buckets, and I filled them with blood to their brims]: he says, they sent me seeking to execute their blood-revenges, and I slew many: العَلَق meaning “ blood. ” (S, TA. [See also Ham p. 268, where some different readings are mentioned; and it is said that the اسبال may mean the knots that are connected with the cross-pieces of wood of the bucket.]) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A number of spears, few or many. (K. [Perhaps because their heads are likened to the heads of corn.]) A3: Also The nose: (K:) pl. سِبَالٌ: so in the Moheet. (TA.) One says, أَرْغَمَ اللّٰهُ سَبَلَهُ [May God make his nose to cleave to the earth, or dust: or (assumed tropical:) abase, or humble, him]. (TA.) A4: And Garments made of the hards, or hurds, of flax of the coarsest of qualities: and so ↓ سَبَلَةٌ [if one of these words be not a mistranscription for the other]. (TA.) A5: And A certain disease in the eye, [thus رِيحُ السَّبَلِ is expl. in the M,] resembling a film, as though it were the web of a spider, with red veins: (S:) or a film of the eye, from the swelling, or inflation, of its external veins upon the surface of the مُلْتَحِمَة, (K,) which is one of the layers of the eye, (TA,) [namely, the tunica albuginea, or white of the eye, so called in the present day,] and the appearance of a web, or thing woven, between the two, [i. e. between those veins and the white tunic,] like smoke: (K:) or a film covering the eye; as though from إِسْبَالْ meaning the “ letting down ” of a veil, or curtain. (Mgh.) A6: Also A reviling, or vilifying. (K.) One says, بَيْنِى وَ بَيْنَهُ سَبَلٌ Between me and him is a reviling, or vilifying: so in the Moheet. (TA.) سَبِلٌ [is app. a possessive epithet, meaning Having length and flaccidity]. خُصْيَةٌ سَبِلَةٌ means[A scrotum] that is long (M, K, TA) and flaccid. (TA.) سُبْلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A rain of wide extent. (IAar, O, K.) سَبَلَةٌ: see سَبَلٌ, in five places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The شَارِب [or mustache]: (S:) or the دَائِرَة [or small protuberance termed حِثْرِمَة, q. v.,] in the middle of the upper lip: or the hair that is upon [app. meaning of] the شَارِب; (M, K;) whence the saying, طَالَتْ سَبَلَتُكَ فَقُصَّهَا [thy hair of the mustache has become long, therefore clip it]; and it is tropical: (TA:) or the extremity of that hair: (M, K:) or the two mustaches together: (M, K: *) or what is upon the chin, to the extremity of the beard: or the fore part of the beard: (M, K:) or what hangs down, of, or from, the fore part of the beard: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or, accord. to Az, it signifies, with the Arabs, the fore part of the beard, and what hangs down thereof, or therefrom, upon the breast: or, accord. to IDrd, some of them apply it to the extremity of the beard; and some, to the hair of the mustache that hangs down on the beard: in a trad., in which it is said that he [Mohammad] was full in the سَبَلَة, Az says that it means the hairs beneath the lower jaw: accord. to Az, it is what appears, of the fore part of the beard, after [or exclusive of] the hair of the side of each cheek and the عُثْنُون [here app. meaning the portion of the beard next the front of the throat], and what is concealed [thereof]: (TA:) or, accord. to Th, the beard altogether: (M:) the pl. is سِبَالٌ, (S, K,) [to which ة is sometimes added, agreeably with a common license, as appears from an ex. in what follows,] and سَبَلَاتٌ, occurring in the saying, إِنَّهُ لَذُو سَبَلَاتٍ, mentioned by Lh, in which the term سَبَلَة is made to apply to every separate portion [so that the meaning is, Verily he has a سَبَلَة]. (M.) One says, of enemies, هُمْ صُهْبُ السِّبَالِ (assumed tropical:) [They are red, or reddish, in respect of the mustaches, &c.: see art. صهب]. (TA.) and of a man who has come threatening, one says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ وَ قَدْ نَشَرَ سَبَلَتَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one came having spread out his mustache, &c.]. (K, * TA.) And in a trad. respecting Dhu-th-Thudeiyeh, [see art. ثدى,] it is said, عَلَيْهِ شُعَيْرَاتٌ مِثْلُ سِبَالَةِ السِّنَّوْرِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Having upon him small hairs like the whiskers of the cat]. TA.) b3: سَبَلَةُ البَعِيرِ means (assumed tropical:) The part of the camel, in which he is stabbed, or stuck, in the uppermost part of the breast; (T, M;) called also the تَرِيبَة: (T:) or the fur that flows down upon that part of the camel. (M, K. [In the CK, مَنْخَرِه is erroneously put for مَنْحَرِهِ.]) You say لَتَبَ فِى سَبَلَةِ النَّاقَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He stabbed, or stuck, the she-camel in the part above mentioned: (M in art. لتب: [in the K, in the present art., كَتَبَ is erroneously put, in this phrase, in the place of لَتَبَ:]) Az heard an Arab of the desert say لَتَمَ فِى سَبَلَةِ بَعِيرِهِ, [which means the same as لَتَبَ,] and he supposes the سَبَلَة to be hairs in the part above mentioned. (TA.) You say also, بَعِيرٌ حَسَنُ السَّبَلَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [A camel goodly in respect of] the thinness of his skin (جِلْدِهِ): so in the O and K: but accord. to the T, of his cheek (خَدِّهِ); and this is probably the right explanation. (TA.) سَبَلَانِىٌّ: see أَسْبَلُ.

سَبِيلٌ A way, road, or path; (S, M, Msb, K;) and what is open, or conspicuous, thereof; (M, K;) and Er-Rághib adds, wherein is easiness: (TA:) and ↓ سَبِيلَةٌ signifies the same: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) the former is masc. and fem.; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) like زُقَاقٌ; (Msb;) made fem. by the people of El-Hijáz, and masc. by Temeem; (Akh, S voce زُقَاقٌ;) but mostly fem.; (IAth, TA;) in the Kur it is made masc. in vii. 143, and fem. in xii. 108: (S, M, TA:) pl. سُبُلٌ, (M, K,) or, accord. to ISk, it has this pl. when masc., and سُبُولٌ, like عُنُوقٌ when fem., (Msb, [but this distinction and the latter pl. are both strange,]) and it has also as a pl. [of pauc.]

أَسْبِلَةٌ. (TA.) In the saying, وَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ قَصْدُ السَّبِيلِ [And upon God it rests to show the right way (see art. قصد)], (M, K,) in the Kur [xvi. 9], (M,) it is used as a gen. n., because it is added, وَ مِنْهَا جَائِرٌ. (M, K.) b2: اِبْنُ السَّبِيلِ means (assumed tropical:) The son of the road; (M, K;) he whom the road has brought, or [as it were] brought forth; (IB;) the wayfarer, or traveller: (Mgh, Msb:) or he who travels much or often: (TA:) or the traveller who is far from his place of abode: (Er-Rághib:) as used in the verse of the Kur, (M, Mgh, Msb,) ix, 60, (M,) it means the person to whom the way has become cut short [so that he is unable to continue his journey]; (M, K;) to which has been added, who desires to return to his country, or town, and finds not what will suffice him: (TA:) or the traveller who is cut off from his property: (Mgh, Msb:) or the person who desires to go to a country, or town, other than his own, for a necessary affair: or, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, the guest who has become disabled from proceeding in his journey, his means having failed him: to such should be given as much as will suffice him to his home. (TA.) b3: تَقْطَعُونَ السَّبِيلَ, in the Kur [xxix. 28], means (assumed tropical:) [And ye cut off] the way of offspring [by your unnatural practices]: or and ye oppose yourselves to men in the roads [or road] for the purpose of that which is excessively, or enormously, foul or abominable. (TA.) b4: [سَبِيلُ اللّٰهِ means (assumed tropical:) The way, or cause, of God, or of religion; or the way whereby one seeks approach to God, or advancement in his favour.] It is said in the Kur [ii. 191], وَ أَنْفِقُوا فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) And expend ye in warring against unbelievers and the like, and in every good work commanded by God; (M, K;) such being of the ways [that lead] to God: (M:) mostly used in relation to warring against unbelievers and the like. (M, K.) And in the same, iii. 163, الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ, meaning [Who have been slain in the cause of God, or of his religion, i. e.,] for the sake of the religion of God. (Jel.) And you say, جَعَلَ ضَيْعَتَهُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ (assumed tropical:) [He made his estate to have its profit, or revenue, or usufruct, employed in the cause of God, or of religion]. (S.) b5: سَبِيلٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A means of access; a connexion, or a tie: so in the saying, in the Kur [xxv. 29], يَا لَيْتَنِى اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا (assumed tropical:) [O would that I had obtained, with the Apostle, a means of access to Paradise]: (S, Msb, TA:) thus it has been explained: (TA:) or the meaning is, [O would that I had taken, with the Apostle,] a way to safety: or one way, the way of truth. (Bd.) b6: [Also, in the present day, applied to A public drinking-fountain.]

سَبُولَةٌ and سُبُولَةٌ: see سَبَلٌ, in three places.

سَبِيلَةٌ: see سَبِيلٌ, first sentence.

سَابِلٌ Travelling upon a road: pl. سَوَابِلُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ سَابِلَةٌ; (TA:) this last signifies travellers, (S, M, *) or a company of people, (Mgh, K,) following, or succeeding, one another, or going repeatedly to and fro, (S, M, Mgh, K,) upon the roads, (S, Mgh,) or upon the road, (M, K,) for the accomplishment of their wants: it is made fem. as denoting a جَمَاعَة. (Mgh.) b2: Also, ↓ سَابِلَةٌ, (TA in art. شغر,) or سَبِيلٌ سَابِلَةٌ, (M, K, * TA,) A travelled road; (M, K, TA;) a beaten road. (TA in art. شغر.) A2: غَيْثٌ سَابِلٌ (assumed tropical:) Rain falling continuously, or in successive showers, and in large drops, and copiously. (TA.) سَابِلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

سُنْبُلٌ and سُنْبُلَةٌ: see سَبَلٌ, in five places: and see also art. سنبل.

سَلْسَبِيلُ the name of A certain fountain in Paradise: determinate; [without tenween;] but occurring at the end of a verse of the Kur [lxxvi. 18], (Akh, S, K,) and being with fet-h, (Akh, S,) ا is added to it, (Akh, S, K,) for the sake of conformity [with the endings of other verses before and after it]. (K.) See also art. سلسبل.

أَسْبَلُ (tropical:) A man long in the سَبَلَة [q. v., here said in the TA to mean the beard, but this is questionable], as also ↓ سَبَلَانِىٌّ and ↓ مُسْبِلٌ and ↓ مُسْبَلٌ and ↓ مُسَبِّلٌ and ↓ مُسَبَّلٌ. (M, K, TA.) b2: And the fem., سَبْلَآءُ, (assumed tropical:) A woman having hair in the place of the mustache. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) An eye having long lashes. (M, K.) مُسْبَلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُسْبِلٌ A man lengthening his garment, and making it to hang down to the ground. (IAar, TA.) [And in like manner,] applied to a woman, [though without ة,] Who has made her skirt to hang down [app. to the ground]. (M.) b2: See also أَسْبَلُ. b3: And المُسْبِلُ signifies (tropical:) The penis: (M, K, TA:) because of its pendulousness. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The [lizard called] ضَبّ. (K.) b5: and the fifth of the arrows used in the game called المَيْسِر: (M, K:) or the sixth of those arrows, (Lh, S, M, K,) also called المُصْفَحُ, (S,) in which are six notches, and to which are assigned six shares [of the slaughtered camel] if it win, and six fines if it do not win: (M:) pl. المَسَابِلُ. (TA.) b6: And مُسْبِلٌ is one of the names of Dhul-Hijjeh; (M, K; *) of the time of 'Ád. (M.) مُسَبَّلٌ: see أَسْبَلُ. b2: Also An ugly old man: (K:) app. because of the length of his beard. (TA.) مُسَبِّلٌ: see أَسْبَلُ.

سدم

1 سَدِمَ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَدَمٌ, (S, M, K,) He repented and grieved: (S:) or he was, or became, affected with anxiety: or with anxiety together with repentance: or with wrath, or rage, together with grief. (M, K.) [Hence,] one says, مَا لَهُ هَمٌّ وَلَا سَدَمٌ إِلَّا ذَاكَ [He has no object of anxiety nor of repentance and grief except that: or this saying may be from what next follows]. (S.) b2: سَدِمَ بِالشَّىْءِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He desired the thing vehemently, eagerly, greedily, very greedily, or excessively; hankered after it, or coveted it; and he was, or became, devoted, addicted, or attached, to it: (TK:) [but these meanings of the verb are perhaps only inferred from the saying that] السَّدَمُ is syn. with الحِرْصُ: and اللَّهَجُ بِالشَّىْءِ, (M, K, [in the CK اللَّهْجُ,]) and الوُلُوعُ. (TA.) Hence the trad., مَنْ كَانَتِ الدُّنْيَا هَمَّهُ وَسَدَمَهُ جَعَلَ اللّٰهُ فَقْرَهُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ [To whomsoever the present state of existence is the object of his anxiety and of his eager desire &c., God places his poverty before his eyes]. (TA.) A2: And سدم, [i. e. سَدِمَ, as is indicated by the form of the part. n. سَدِمٌ, and by سَدَمٌ as an inf. n. used in the sense of that part. n.,] said of water, It became altered [for the worse] by reason of long standing, and overspread with [the green substance termed] طُحْلُب, and choked with dust and other things that had fallen into it. (A, TA.) A3: [And سَدِمَ said of a stallion, He was withheld from covering: so in the Deewán of Jereer, accord. to Freytag: it is said of a stallion-camel: see سَدِمٌ.]

A4: سَدَمَ المَآءَ طُولُ العَهْدِ بِالشَّارِبَةِ [The length of time that had elapsed since the coming thereto of the drinkers] altered the water [for the worse]. (A, TA.) b2: and سَدَمَ البَابَ He shut, or closed, the door; syn. رَدَّهُ; (IAar, M, TA;) in the K, erroneously, رَدَمَهُ: and so سَطَمَهُ. (TA.) A5: See also سَدِيمٌ.2 تَسْدِيمٌ [inf. n. of سدّم] The binding, or closing, the mouth of a camel [with a muzzle; i. e. the muzzling of a camel: see the pass. part. n., below]. (KL.) 4 أُسْدِمَ, said of water, It was prevented from flowing by dust and wind: so in the Deewán of Jereer, accord. to Freytag.]7 انسدم دَبَرُ البَعِيرِ The galls, or sores, on the back of the camel became healed. (K, TA.) سُدْمٌ, as a sing. epithet: see سَدِمٌ, last sentence. It is also a pl. of سَدُومٌ. (M, TA.) سَدَمٌ inf. n. of سَدِمَ. (S, M, K. [See 1, first four sentences.]) b2: See also سَدِمٌ, in two places.

سَدُمٌ: see the latter half of the next paragraph.

سَدِمٌ [is a part. n. of سَدِمَ: and is also app. used as an imitative sequent to نَدِمٌ]. You say [سَدِمٌ and] ↓ سَادِمٌ and ↓ سَدْمَانُ (M, K, TA) meaning Repenting and grieving: (TA:) or affected with anxiety: or with anxiety together with repentance: or with wrath, or rage, together with grief: (M, K, TA:) and سَدِمٌ نَدِمٌ, in which one is used as an imitative sequent to the other; and نَادِمٌ ↓ سَادِمٌ, and نَدْمَانُ ↓ سَدْمَانُ, [app. in like manner,] السَّدَمُ being seldom used without النَّدَمُ: (TA:) or [نَدِمٌ سَدِمٌ, and] ↓ نَادِمٌ سَادِمٌ, and ↓ نَدْمَانُ سَدْمَانُ; in which one is said to be an imitative sequent to the other: (S:) or, accord. to IAmb, ↓سَادِمٌ in the phrase رَجُلٌ سَادِمٌ نَادِمٌ means, as some say, altered [for the worse] in intellect in consequence of grief; from مَآءٌ سُدُمٌ, i. e. “ water that has become altered [for the worse]: ” or, as others say, grieving, not able to go nor to come. (TA.) You say also رَجُلٌ سَدِمٌ A man affected with wrath, or rage. (S, TA.) b2: And عَاشِقٌ سَدِمٌ Affected with amorous, or passionate, desire, in a vehement degree. (AO, K.) b3: And in like manner, (TA,) فَحْلٌ سَدِمٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سَدَمٌ [which is an inf. n. used as an epithet] and ↓ مَسْدُومٌ and ↓ مُسَدَّمٌ (M, K) A stallion [camel] excited by lust for the female: (S, M, K:) or one that is sent among the she-camels, and that brays amidst them, and, when they have become excited by lust, is taken forth from them, because what he begets is disesteemed; (M, K, TA;) therefore, when he is excited by lust, he is shackled, and pastures around the dwelling; and if he attacks the she-camels, he is muzzled: (TA:) or one that is in any manner debarred from covering; (K;) or the last two epithets have this last signification. (M.) b4: and نَاقَةٌ سَدِمَةٌ An old and weak she-camel. (AO, (TA.) A2: مَآءٌ سَدِمٌ and ↓ سَدَمٌ and ↓ سُدُمٌ (M, K) and ↓ سَدُمٌ (K) and ↓ سَدُومٌ (M, TA) and ↓ سُدُومٌ and ↓ سَدِيمٌ (TA) i. q. مُنْدَفِنٌ [i. e. Water filled up, stopped up, or choked up, with earth or dust; or into which the dust has been swept by the wind]: (M: [in the K and TA, erroneously, مُنْدَفِقٌ:]) pl. أَسْدَامٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and سِدَامٌ [a pl. of mult.]; or the sing. and pl. are alike; (M, K;) [i. e.] you say مَآءٌ أَسْدَامٌ and سِدَامٌ, applying pl. epithets to a sing. noun; (Z, TA;) as well as مِيَاهٌ أَسْدَامٌ (IAmb, TA, and Ham p. 102) and سِدَامٌ (IAmb, TA) meaning waters altered [ for the worse] (IAmb, TA, and Ham ubi suprà) in consequence of long standing, and so سُدُمٌ: (Ham:) this last is pl. of ↓ سَدُومٌ, as also سُدْمٌ: (M, TA:) [and each of these two is also used as a sing.; i. e.] you say also ↓ رَكِيَّةٌ سُدْمٌ and ↓ سُدُمٌ meaning a well filled up, stopped up, or choked up, with earth or dust; or into which the dust has been swept by the wind: (S, K, TA: [in the CK, مُنْدَفِقَةٌ is erroneously put for مُنْدَفِنَةٌ:]) or into which varieties of small rubbish, and dust, or small pebbles, whirled round by the wind, have fallen, so that it is nearly choked up: (Lth, TA:) and ↓ مَآءٌ سُدُمٌ is expl. as meaning water that has become altered [for the worse]: (IAmb, TA:) ↓ مُسَدَّمٌ, also, applied to water, signifies the same as سَدِمٌ; (M, K;) and so does ↓ مَسْدُومٌ: (TA:) [or ↓ the former of these, so applied, prevented from flowing by dust and wind. (Freytag, from the Deewán of Jereer.)]

سُدُمٌ, as a sing. epithet: see the latter half of the next preceding paragraph, in three places. It is also a pl. of سَدُومٌ. (M, TA.) سَدْمَانُ: see سَدِمٌ, second sentence, in three places.

سَدُومٌ and سُدُومٌ: see سَدِمٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph; the former word, in two places.

سَدِيمٌ: see سَدِمٌ, in the latter half of the para-graph.

A2: Also Mist; syn. ضَبَابٌ: or such as is thin. (M, K.) A3: And i. q. كَثِيرُ الذِّكْرِ (K) [app. as meaning Remembering God, or celebrating Him, much, or frequently: for SM adds], hence the saying, لَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللّٰهَ إِلَّا سَدْمَا [app. They remember not, or celebrate not, God, otherwise than doing so much, or frequently: from which it seems that one says, اللّٰهَ ↓ سَدَمَ, inf. n. سَدْمٌ, meaning He remembered, or celebrated, God, &c.]. (TA.) A4: And i. q. تَعَبٌ [Fatigue: but I incline to think that this explanation is a mistranscription]. (TA.) سَادِمٌ: see سَدِمٌ, second sentence, in four places.

مُسَدَّمٌ: see سَدِمٌ, in the former half of the paragraph. b2: Also A camel left to pasture by itself (K, TA) around the dwelling. (TA.) b3: And A [camel of generous race, such as is termed]

فَنِيق having a muzzle put upon his mouth. (S.) b4: And A camel having galls, or sores, upon his back, and therefore exempted from the saddle until his galls, or sores, have become healed. (K.) A2: See also سَدِمٌ, last sentence, in two places.

مَسْدُومٌ: see سَدِمٌ, in the former half of the paragraph: A2: and again in the last sentence. b2: Also A door shut, or closed. (TA.)