عجم

1 عَجَمَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عَجْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and عُجُومٌ, (K,) He bit it: (Msb, K:) and he chewed it: (Msb:) or he chewed it for the purpose of eating or of trial: (K:) or he bit it with the lateral teeth, not with the central incisors: (TA:) or he bit it, namely, a piece of wood, or a stick, or rod, or the like, in order to know whether it were hard or fragile: (S:) or he tried it with his lateral teeth in order that he might know, or prove, its hardness: and he bit it, namely, a gaming-arrow known for winning, between two lateral teeth, in order to make upon it a mark by which he might know it. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) (tropical:) He tried, tested, or proved, him. (K, TA.) And عَجَمْتُ عُودَهُ (assumed tropical:) I tried, tested, or proved his case, and knew his state, or condition. (S, TA.) And عَجَمَتْهُ الأُمُورُ (assumed tropical:) Affairs exercised him so as to render him strong for them, and habituated, or inured, to them. (TA.) And Kabeesah Ibn-Jábir says, الأُمُورَ وَعَاجَمَتْنِى ↓ وَعَاجَمْتُ كَأَنِّى كُنْتُ فِى الأُمَمِ الخَوَالِى

[(assumed tropical:) And I have tried affairs, and they have tried me, as though I were of the generations that have passed away]; meaning, as though I were one of the long-lived, by reason of my many trials. (Ham p. 340.) b3: [Hence also,] one says, الثُّوْرُ يَعْجُمُ قَرْنَهُ (assumed tropical:) The bull smites the tree with his horn to try, or test, it. (S, K.) b4: And عَجَمَ السَّيْفَ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَجْمٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He shook the sword to try, or test, it. (S, K.) b5: مَا عَجَمَتْكَ عَيْنِى

مُنْذُ كَذَا means (assumed tropical:) My eye has not seen thee since such a time; (S, K, TA;) and is said by a man to one with whom his [last] meeting was long past. (TA.) An Arab of the desert is related to have said, تَعْجُمُكَ عَيْنِى, meaning (assumed tropical:) [My eye seems to know thee; or] it seems to me that I have seen thee. (TA.) And one says, رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا فَجَعَلَتْ عَيْنِى تَعْجُمُهُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [I saw such a one,] and my eye seemed to know him, (Lh, S, K, TA,) not knowing him perfectly, as though not certain of him. (TA.) And عَجَمُونِى (assumed tropical:) They knew me. (TA.) b6: And [hence, app.,] one says, نَظَرْتُ فِى

الكِتَابِ فَعَجَمْتُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [I looked into the book, or writing, and] I did not know surely its letters. (TA.) b7: See also 4.

A2: عَجُمَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. عُجْمَةٌ, He had an impotence, or an impediment, or a difficulty, in his speech, or utterance; and [a barbarousness, or vitiousness, therein, especially in speaking Arabic; (see عُجْمَةٌ below;) i. e.] a want of clearness, perspicuousness, distinctness, chasteness, or correctness, therein. (Msb.) 2 عَجَّمَ see 4.3 عَاْجَمَ see the verse cited in the first paragraph.4 اعجمهُ He made it (i. e. speech, or language, S, K, or a thing, TA) to want, or be without, or to have a quality the contrary of, clearness, perspicuousness, or distinctness; (S, Msb, K, * TA;) or [to be barbarous, or vitious, i. e.] to want, or be without, chasteness, or correctness. (K, * TA.) Ru-beh says, [in some verses very differently cited in different copies of the S,] of him who attempts poetry without having knowledge thereof, يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُعْرِبَهُ فَيُعْجِمُهْ [He desires to make it clear, &c., and he makes it to want clearness, &c.]. (S.) b2: And He dotted it, or pointed it, (S, K,) namely, a letter, (S,) or a writing; (K;) he removed its عُجْمَة [or want of clearness, &c.,] by means of dots, or [diacritical] points, (Nh, Msb, TA,) and [the signs called]

شَكْل, [but see شكل,] which distinguished it, namely, a letter, from other letters; the ا denoting privation; (Msb;) as ISd holds to be the case; (TA;) and so ↓ عجّمهُ, (S, * K,) inf. n. تَعْجِيمٌ; (S;) and ↓ عَجَمَهُ, (K,) inf. n. عَجْمٌ; (S;) for J's assertion [in the S] that one should not say عَجَمْتُ is a mistake: (K:) this last verb, however, which J thus disallows, is disallowed also by Th, in his Fs, and by most of the expositors thereof; and J confined himself to the correct and chaste. (TA.) b3: And He locked it; namely, a door. (Msb.) b4: نَهَانَا النِّبِىُّ أَنْ نُعْجِمَ النَّوَى طَبْخًا [The Prophet forbade us to make the date-stones to become as though they were chewed and bitten], (K,* TA,) occurring in a trad., means that when dates are cooked for دِبْس, (K, TA,) i. e. for taking their sweetness, (TA,) they should be cooked gently, so that the cooking shall not extend to the stones, (K, TA,) nor produce upon them such an effect as that of their being chewed and bitten, (TA,) and thus spoil the taste of the حَلَاوَة, (K, TA,) so in the copies of the K, but correctly, as in the Nh, the سُلَافَة [here meaning the sweet decocture]; (TA;) or because they [the date-stones] are food for the home-fed animals, and therefore they should not be thoroughly cooked, that their taste, (K, TA,) in the Nh their strength, (TA,) may not go away: (K, TA:) or the meaning is, [that he forbade] the cooking the date-stones immoderately, so that they would crumble, and their strength, with which they would be good for the sheep, or goats, would be spoiled. (TA.) 7 إِنْعَجَمَ see the next paragraph.10 استعجم He was unable to speak: (TA:) he was silent, mute, or speechless; (K, TA;) said of a man. (TA.) And اِسْتَعْجَمَتِ الدَّارُ عَنْ جَوَابِ سَائِلِهَا [The dwelling kept silence from replying to its interrogator]: and Imra-el-Keys says, صَمَّ صَدَاهَا وَعَفَا رَسْمُهَا وَاسْتَعْجَمَتْ عَنْ مَنْطِقِ السَّائِلِ [Its echo has become dumb, and its trace has become effaced, and it has become in the state of keeping silence from answering the speech of the interrogator]: he makes استعجمت trans. by means of عن because it is used in the sense of سَكَتَتْ. (TA.) b2: One says also, استعجم عَلَيْهِ الكَلَامُ, (S,) or عَلَيْنَا, (Msb,) meaning Speech was as though it were closed against him, or us; or he, or we, became impeded in speech, unable to speak, or tongue-tied; syn. اِسْتَبْهَمَ: (S, Msb:) and عليه الكلام ↓ انعجم; [which means the same;] syn. اِنْطَبَقَ and اِنْغَلَقَ. (K * and TA in art. طبق.) And accord. to the K, one says, استعجم القِرَآءَةَ, meaning He was unable to perform [or continue] the recitation, or reading, by reason of the overcoming of drowsiness: but what is said in the Nh and other works is اِسْتَعْحَمَتْ عَلَيْهِ قِرَآءَتُهُ i. e. His recitation, or reading, was cut short, and he was unable to perform [or continue] it, by reason of drowsiness: and it is also expl. as meaning he was, or became, impeded in his recitation, or reading, and unable to perform [or continue] it, as though he became one in whom was عُجْمَة. (TA.) b3: And استعجم الخَبَرُ means The information, or narration, was dubious, confused, vague, or difficult to be understood or expressed; or was not to be understood or expressed; as though it were closed [against the hearer or speaker]; syn. اِسْتَبْهَمَ, and اِسْتَغْلَقَ. (Msb in art. بهم.) عَجْمٌ The young of camels; (S, Msb, K, TA;) such as the بَنَات لَبُون and حِقَاق and جِذَاع: (IAar, S, * Msb, * TA:) thus far: (S, Msb:) when they have entered upon the state of إِثْنَآء, they are of the جِلَّة thereof: (IAar, TA:) applied to the male and to the female: (S, Msb, K:) pl. عُجُومٌ [app. meaning young camels of different ages not exceeding the age of the جَذَع]. (S, K.) A2: And The root, or base, of the tail; (S, Msb, K;) which is the عُصْعُص; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ عُجْمٌ; (K;) like عَجْبٌ [and عُجْبٌ]; (S, Msb;) [each] a dial. var. of عجب; (Msb;) or, accord. to Lh, the م is a substitute for the ب of عجب. (TA.) A3: See also عَجَمٌ.

A4: [Golius and Freytag have assigned to this word a meaning belonging to عَجْمِىٌّ.]

عُجْمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: A2: and that here following.

عَجَمٌ [Foreigners, as meaning] others than Arabs; such as are not Arabs; [often used as implying disparagement, like barbarians; and often especially meaning Persians;] (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عُجْمٌ, [of which see an ex. in a verse of Lebeed cited voce رَازِقِىٌّ,] (S, Msb, K,) or this latter may be a pl. of the former: (TA:) ↓ عَجَمِىٌّ (of which أَعْجَامٌ is pl., TA) signifies one thereof; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who is of the race of the عَجَم; (K;) though he may be chaste, or correct, in [the Arabic] speech; (Mgh, K;) the ى denoting unity; but it is also the relative ى, and thus one may apply to an Arab the appellation ↓ عَجَمِىٌّ as meaning called thus in relation to the عَجَم: (Msb:) and one says also ↓ رَجُلٌ أَعْجَمُ [a man not of the Arabs]: and ↓ قَوْمٌ أَعْجَمُ [a people, or party, not of the Arabs]. (K.) A2: Also The stones of dates (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and of the drupes of the lote-tree (Msb) and of grapes (Mgh, Msb) and of raisins and of pomegranates and the like, (Mgh,) or also of other things, (Msb,) or the similar stones of anything, (K,) or also whatever is in the interior of a thing that is eaten such as the raisin and the like; (S;) and ↓ عُجَامٌ signifies the same: (K:) the vulgar say ↓ عَجْم: (Yaakoob, S:) [see also غِيضٌ, in an explanation of which عَجَمٌ is evidently, I think, used as meaning the heart (commonly termed جُمَّار q. v.) of the palm-tree:] the n. un. is عَجَمَةٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) which is incorrectly expl. by AHn as meaning a grape-stone when it germinates. (ISd, TA.) A3: Also Camels that bite, or chew, the [trees called] عِضَاه and the tragacanths and [other] thorny trees, and satisfy themselves therewith so as to be in no need of the [plants called] حَمْض. (S.) عَجْمَةٌ sing. of عَجَمَاتٌ, (K, TA,) which signifies Hard rocks (S, K, TA) protruding (lit. growing forth) in a valley. (TA.) b2: See also عَجَمَةٌ.

عُجْمَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA) An impotence, or an impediment, or a difficulty, (Msb, TA, *) in speech, or utterance; (S, Msb, K, TA;) and [a barbarousness, or vitiousness, therein; i. e.] a want of clearness, perspicuousness, distinctness, chasteness, or correctness, therein, (Mgh, Msb,) meaning, in speaking Arabic. (Mgh, Msb. *) [See also 1, last sentence, where it is mentioned as an inf. n.]

A2: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ عِجْمَةٌ, (K,) Such as is accumulated, or congested, of sand: or abundance thereof: (K, TA:) or sand rising above what is around it: (TA:) or the last portion of sand. (S in explanation of the former.) عِجْمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَجَمَةٌ, (S, TA,) thus in the L, and thus correctly, (TA,) i. e. بِالتَّحْرِيكِ, (S, TA,) but in the K ↓ عَجْمَةٌ, (TA,) [app. from the same word as signifying “ a date-stone,” n. un. of عَجَمٌ,] A palmtree growing from a date-stone. (S, K, TA.) عَجْمِىٌّ, with the ج quiescent, Intelligent and discriminating; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) عَجَمِىٌّ; pl. أَعْجَامٌ: see عَجَمٌ, first sentence. [The sing. is applied to anything as meaning Of, or belonging to, the عَجَم.]

عَجَمِيَّةٌ [A speech, or language, foreign to the Arabs]. (TA in art. رطن.) عُجَامٌ: see عَجَمٌ, latter half.

عَجُومٌ: see عَجَمْجَمَةٌ.

عُجَامَةٌ A thing that one has bitten, or chewed [like مُضَاغَةٌ]. (TA. [The explanation there given is ما عجمه: correctly مَا عَجَمْتَ.]) عَجُومَةٌ: see عَجَمْجَمَةٌ.

عَجَّامٌ The large خُفَّاش [or bat]; and the وَطْوَاط [which accord. to some signifies the same as خُفَّاش; but accord. to others, the large خُفَّاش; or the swallow; or a species of the swallows of the mountains]. (K.) عَاجِمَةٌ: and عَاجِمَاتٌ: see what next follows.

عَوَاجِمُ [a pl. of which the sing. ↓ عَاجِمَةٌ (a subst. formed from the act. part. n. عَاجِمٌ) I do not find mentioned] The teeth. (S, K.) b2: and Camels; because they bite, or chew, bones; and so ↓ عَاجِمَاتٌ. (TA.) عَجَمْجَمَةٌ applied to a she-camel, (AA, S, K,) Strong; like عَثَمْثَمَةٌ: (AA, S:) or strong to journey; as also ↓ عَجُومَةٌ (K, TA) and ↓ عَجُومٌ: (TA:) pl. of the first عَجَمْجَمَاتٌ. (AA, S.) أَعْجَمُ One having an impotence, or an impediment, or a difficulty, in speech, or utterance, (S, Msb,) though he may be clear, perspicuous, distinct, chaste, or correct, in speaking a foreign language; (S;) and [barbarous, or vitious therein; i. e.] not clear, perspicuous, distinct, chaste, or correct, therein; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) meaning, in speaking Arabic, (S, Mgh, Msb, * K, *) though he may be an Arab; (S, Mgh, Msb;) and ↓ أَعْجَمِىٌّ signifies the same, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and therefore, if applied to an Arab, it does not imply reproach; (Msb; [but it is said in the Mgh that this demands consideration;]) or this latter صِفَةٌ">epithet is applied to a tongue, or speech, and to a book, or writing, but not to a man unless it be syn. with the former صِفَةٌ">epithet: (S:) the fem. of the former is عَجْمَآءُ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) and the dual masc. أَعْجَمَانِ (S) and fem.

عَجْمَاوَانِ; (Har p. 226;) and the pl. masc.

أَعْجَمُونَ (S, Msb, TA) and أَعَاجِمُ (S, TA) and عُجْمَانٌ: (TA:) and the pl. of ↓ أَعْجَمِىٌّ is أَعْجَمِيُّونَ. (Msb.) See also عَجَمٌ, first sentence, in two places. b2: Also Dumb; speechless; destitute of the faculty of speech; (K, TA:) unable to speak; and so ↓ مُسْتَعْجِمٌ: (S, TA:) fem. of the former as above. (TA.) b3: Hence, (S,) by predominance of its application, (Mgh,) عَجْمَآءُ signifies A beast, or brute; syn. بَهِيمَةٌ; (S, Mgh, K;) and so ↓ مُسْتَعْجِمٌ [or the fem. of this]: (TA:) pl. of the former in this sense, as a subst., عَجْمَاوَاتٌ: (Har p. 13:) [and] عَجْمَآءُ is applied [also] as an صِفَةٌ">epithet to a beast, or brute, (بهيمة,) for the like reason. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., جُرْحُ العَجْمَآءِ جُبَارٌ [expl. in art. جبر]. (S, Mgh.) b4: [Hence also] فَحْلٌ أَعْجَمُ signifies A stallion [camel] that brays in a شِقْشِقَة [or faucial bag] to which there is no perforation, so that the sound does not issue from it: and they approve of the sending such among the شَوْل [or she-camels that have passed seven or eight months since the period of their bringing forth] because he usually begets females. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) The prayer of the daytime is termed عَجْمَآءُ because the reciting [of the Kur-án] therein is inaudible; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) i. e. the prayer of noon and of afternoon; (TA;) and these two together are termed العَجْمَاوَانِ. (Har p. 226.) b6: مَوْجٌ أَعْجَمُ means (tropical:) Waves that do not sprinkle their water, and of which no sound is heard. (S, K.) b7: And عَجْمَآءُ [or رَمْلَةٌ عَجْمَآءُ?] (assumed tropical:) A tract of sand in which are no trees. (IAar, K.) أَعْجَمِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph, first sentence, in two places. [It is often improperly used for عَجَمِىٌّ.]

أَعْجَمِيَّةٌ [A barbarous, or vitious, speech or language]. (TA in art. رطن.) صُلْبُ المَعْجَمِ [lit. Hard in respect of the place of biting, or of chewing. And hence,] applied to a man, (S, K, TA,) as also ↓ صُلْبُ المَعْجَمَةِ, (TA,) (tropical:) Mighty, strong, resisting, or indomitable, in respect of spirit; (S, K, TA;) such as, when tried by affairs, or events, is found to be mighty, strong, or resisting, and hard, or hardy. (TA.) And ↓ نَاقَةَ ذَاتُ مَعْجَمَةٍ (tropical:) A she-camel having strength, or power, and fatness, and endurance of journeying: (S, K, TA:) or having patience, and soundness, and strength for treading the way with vehemence: [for الدعك the last word of this explanation in my original, (evidently, I think, a mistranscription,) I read الدَّعْق:] Sh disapproves of the saying having fatness: accord. to IB, the phrase signifies a she-camel such as, when tried, is found to have strength for traversing the desert, or waterless desert; and he says that it does not mean in which is fatness. (TA.) مُعْجَمٌ [pass. part. n. of 4: and also an inf. n. of that verb]. حُرُوفُ المُعْجَمِ, an appellation of The letters of the alphabet (الحُرُوف المُقَطَّعَة) [of the language of the Arabs], most of which are distinguished by being dotted from the letters of other peoples, means حُرُوفُ الخَطِّ المُعْجَمِ [the letters of the dotted character]: (S:) or by المُعْجَمِ is meant الإِعْجَامِ, it being an inf. n., like المُدْخَل (S, K) and المُخْرَج, (S,) so that the meaning of حُرُوفُ المُعْجَمِ is [the letters] of which a property is the being dotted: (S, K:) of which explanations, the latter is held by Mbr and IB and others to be the more correct. (L, TA.) b2: Also, applied to a door, Locked. (S, K.) مَعْجَمَة: see مَعْجَم, in two places.

مُعَجَّمٌ [applied to a plant, or herbage, Much bitten; or] eaten [or depastured] until but little thereof has remained. (IAar, TA.) مُسْتَعْجَمٌ: see أَعْجَمُ, in two places.

عشب

1 عَشِبَ المَوْضِعُ and عَشِبَتِ الأَرْضُ: see 4. b2: عَشِبَ said of bread, (Yaakoob, TA,) It was, or became, dry, (Yaakoob, K, TA.) b3: And عشب, [so in the TA, app. عَشُبَ,] inf. n. عَشَابَةٌ and عُشُوبَةٌ, said of a man, He became dry, or tough, by reason of leanness. (Yaakoob, TA.) 2 عَشَّبَ see what next follows.4 اعشب المَوْضِعُ; and ↓ عَشِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَشَبٌ; The place produced its [herbs, or herbage, of the kind termed] عُشْب: (Msb:) and in like manner, (Msb,) اعشبت الأَرْضُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ عَشِبَت, (Msb,) and thus in a copy of the K, [and in my MS. copy,] but in another copy, [and in the CK,] ↓ عشّبت, (TA,) The land produced عُشْب. (S, O, K.) [See also 12. After the mention of بَلَدٌ عَاشِبٌ in the S and O, it is said in the former that for the verb one does not say otherwise than اعشبت الأَرْضُ, and in the latter that one does not say عَشَبَ البَلَدُ.] b2: And اعشب القَوْمُ The people, or party, lighted on, or found, عُشْب; (S, O, K;) as also القوم ↓ اِعْشَوْشَبَ [but probably in an intensive sense]. (K.) One says to him who is sent to seek for herbage, أَعْشَبْتَ اِنْزِلْ [Thou hast found fresh herbage: alight]. (O.) b3: See also 5.

A2: سَأَلْتُهُ فَأَعْشَبَنِى [I asked him and] he gave me an old she-camel, (S, O, K, TA,) i. e. what is termed عَشَبَة. (TA.) 5 تعشّبت الإِبِلُ The camels fed upon [herbs, or herbage, of the kind termed] عُشْب; and [accord. to the TA as a distinct meaning] became fat (K, TA) therefrom; (TA;) as also ↓ أَعْشَبَت accord. to the K, but this latter is wrong, being correctly ↓ اعتشبت, as in the parent-lexicons. (TA.) 8 إِعْتَشَبَ see what next precedes.12 اِعْشَوْشَبَتِ الأَرْضُ The land produced abundance, or much, of [herbs, or herbage, of the kind termed] عُشْب; this verb having an intensive signification, like اخشوشن [q. v.]. (S, O, TA.) [It is erroneously mentioned in the K as syn. with

أَعْشَبَت.] b2: See also 4.

عُشْبٌ [a coll. gen. n.], n. un. with ة; (TA;) Fresh, green, juicy, soft, or tender, herbs or herbage, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) in the first part of the [season called] رَبِيع [i. e. رَبِيعُ الكَلَأَ, which begins in January and ends in March, O. S.]: (Msb:) not termed حَشِيشٌ until drying up: (S, O:) or, in the opinion of the generality of the lexicologists, عُشْبٌ is applied to such as is fresh and to such as is dry: (ISd, TA voce حَشِيشٌ:) or the first, or earliest, of herbage, (سَرَعَانُ الكَلَأِ,) in the رَبِيع, that [afterwards] dries up, and does not remain; the term كَلَأٌ being applied by the Arabs to عُشْب and to other kinds: and عُشْبٌ is applied to fresh, green, juicy, soft, or tender, herbs or leguminous plants, of the desert, that come forth in the رَبِيع: and under this term are included those that are hard and thick, which are termed the ذُكُور thereof; as well as to those that are slender and soft, which are termed the أَحْرَار thereof: or, accord. to AHn, whatever is destroyed by winter, and grows again from the stocks, or roots, thereof, or the seed: he says also that it is applied to such [herbage] as is uninterrupted; as opposed to تَعَاشِيبُ: or, accord. to Th, it is applied to the mature; as so opposed. (TA.) b2: عُشْبَةُ الدَّارِ [The green herb of the dwelling] means that which grows in the دِمْنَة [or patch of ground which people have blackened by their cooking and where their cattle have staled and dunged] of the dwelling, surrounded by fresh, or green, herbs, in a white [or clean] part of the ground, and good soil: and hence, (tropical:) The هَجِينَة [or woman whose father is a free man, or an Arab, and her mother a slave]; an appellation like خَضْرَآءُ الوَضَرِ [app. lit. meaning “ The green herb that grows in the place where the water with which skins have been washed, or the like, is poured out: ” but IbrD thinks that it may be a mistranscription for خَضْرَآءُ الدِّمَنِ]. (TA.) b3: [عُشْبُ الذِّئْبِ is Eyptian toad-flax; antirrhinum Aegyptiacum; the name of which is written by Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab., pp. lxviii. and 112,) عشب الديب and Asjib ed dîb and Aeschib ed dîb.]

عِيَالٌ عَشَبٌ A family, or household, among whom is none little, or young. (S, O, K.) b2: See also عَشَبَةٌ.

عَشِبٌ; fem. with ة: for the latter see عَاشِبٌ.

عَشَبَةٌ An old she-camel (نَابٌ كَبِيرَةٌ [mistranslated by Golius and Freytag “ dens exertus magnus ”]); (S, O, K; [see 4;]) as also عَشَمَةٌ. (S, O.) And An old ewe, advanced in age. (K.) Also An old man bent with age. (K.) A man, and an old woman, bent, and slender, and advanced in age: (Lh, L, TA:) or a decrepit old man and old woman. (S, O.) A short man; (O, K;) as also ↓ عَشِيبٌ (K.) And A woman short, and ugly, or despicable; (O, K, TA;) and so applied to a man; (TA;) or so ↓ عَشَبٌ applied to a man. (O.) And A man dry, or tough, by reason of leanness. (Yaakoob, TA.) عَشِيبٌ; and its fem., with ة: see عَاشِبٌ, in three places.

A2: And see also عَشَبَةٌ.

عَشَابَةٌ The state of having, or producing, [herbs, or herbage, of the kind termed] عُشْب, (S, O,) or much thereof. (K.) بَلَدٌ عَاشِبٌ (S, A, O) and ↓ مُعْشِبٌ, (A,) and مَوْضِعٌ عَاشِبٌ (Msb) and ↓ مَكَانٌ عَشِيبٌ, (S, O,) and رَوْضٌ عَاشِبٌ and ↓ مُعْشِبٌ, (TA,) and أَرْضٌ عَاشِبَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ عَشِيبَةٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عَشِبَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مُعْشِبَةٌ, (S, Msb,) but some do not say ↓ عَشِيبٌ, (Msb,) [A country, and a place, and meadows, and land,] having, or producing, [herbs, or herbage, of the kind termed]

عُشْب, (S, A, O, Msb,) or much thereof. (K. [See also مِعْشَابٌ.]) b2: And بَعِيرٌ عَاشِبٌ A camel feeding upon عُشْب. (S, O.) تَعَاشِيبُ Scanty, and scattered, or disunited, [herbs, or herbage, of the kind termed] عُشْب: a word [of an extr. form (see تَبَاشِيرُ) and] having no sing.: (S, O:) or scattered, or disunited, portions thereof: (AHn, K, TA:) or different kinds of herbage: in the saying of a seeker of herbage, عُشْبٌ وَتَعَاشِيبْ وَكَمْأَةٌ شِيبْ تُثِيرُهَا بِأَخْفَافِهَا النِّيبْ, it means scattered, or disunited, عُشْب: (AHn, TA:) or عُشْبٌ not yet mature. (Th, TA.) [See عُشْبٌ as opposed thereto.]

مُعْشِبٌ and its fem.: see عَاشِبٌ, in three places.

أَرْضٌ مِعْشَابٌ, and أَرَضُونَ مَعَاشِيبُ, [Land, and lands,] having, or producing, much herbage [of the kind termed عُشْب]: (K, * TA:) معاشيب is pl. of معشاب, or it has no proper sing. (TA.) [See also عَاشِبٌ.]

عمل

1 عَمِلَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَمَلٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) He worked, or wrought; laboured; served, or did service: he did, acted, or performed: (K, TA:) [generally, he did, &c., with a sort of difficulty, or with intention; but sometimes said of an inanimate thing: (see عَمَلٌ, below:)] he did, or he made, wrought, manufactured, or constructed, a thing. (Msb. [See, again, عَمَلٌ, below.]) Accord. to Az, عَمِلَ is the only trans. verb of its measure having the inf. n. of the measure فَعَلٌ, except هَبِلَت, said of a mother, inf. n. هَبَلٌ; other similar verbs having the inf. n. of the measure فَعْلٌ; as سَرِطْتُ اللُّقْمَةَ, inf. n. سَرْطٌ; and بَلِعْتُهُ, inf. n. بَلْعٌ. (TA. [But see arts. سرط and بلع; with respect to the former of which I must here state that, since it was printed, I have found an authority for سَرْطٌ as inf. n. of سَرِطَ in a copy of the S; though in the K it is said to be مُحَرَّكَة, and accord. to the Msb it is like تَعَبٌ.]) You say, عَمِلْتُ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ I officiated in the collecting of the poor-rate. (Msb.) [And عَمِلَ بِمَا فِى كِتَابِ اللّٰهِ He did according to what is enjoined in the Book of God.] and عَمِلَ فِى هَلَاكِهِ [He laboured to destroy him, or to kill him]. (K in art. شيط.) [And عَمِلَ فِيهِ It acted upon him, or it: and, said of a sword &c., it had effect, or made an impression, upon him, or it.] b2: [Hence,] عَمِلَ فِيهِ signifies [also (assumed tropical:) It governed it syntactically; or caused it to be مَرْفُوع or مَنْصُوب or مَجْرُور &c.; i. e.] it produced in it a certain species of syntactical desinence. (K.) b3: And عَمِلَ البَرْقُ The lightning was continual. (K.) And عَمِلَتْ بِأُذُنَيْهَا, said of a she-camel, (K,) and also, in a trad., of [the beast]

البُرَاق, (O, * TA,) She went quickly, or swiftly; (O, K, TA;) because she that does thus puts her ears in motion by reason of the vehemence of the pace. (TA.) And عَمِلَت [alone] said of a she-camel, signifies [the same: or] She was, or became, brisk, light, active, or quick. (K.) b4: and [hence, app.,] لَمْ أَرَ النَّفَقَةَ تَعْمَلُ كَمَا تَعْمَلُ بِمَكَّةَ, a saying mentioned by Lh, is expl. by ISd as meaning تَنْفَقُ [i. e. I have not seen the money that that one expends pass away as it passes away in Mekkeh]. (TA.) 2 عَمَّلْتُ فُلَانًا عَلَى البَصْرَةِ, (S, O,) or عَلَى البَلَدِ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَعْمِيلٌ, (S, O,) I made, or appointed, such a one governor (S, O, Msb) over El-Basrah, (S, O,) or over the province, or city, &c. (Msb.) And عُمِّلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَيْهِمْ, inf. n. as above, Such a one was made, or appointed, governor over them. (K, TA.) And one says, مَنَ الَّذِى عُمِّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ Who is he that has been set up as governor over you? (TA.) And فُلَانٌ ↓ اُسْتُعْمِلَ [Such a one was employed as governor over a people: (see a saying of 'Omar in art. ضعف, conj. 2:) or] such a one was appointed to one of the sovereign's offices of government. (TA.) b2: And عمّلهُ, (Mgh, O, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He gave him his عُمَالَة, or pay, or salary, for work, service, or agency; (Mgh, O, K;) as also ↓ اعملهُ. (TA.) 3 عاملهُ [He worked, laboured, served, acted, or transacted business, with him. Hence,] He dealt with him in buying and selling, (Msb, KL,) and the like: so in the language of the people of the cities. (Msb.) See also 6. [And hence the saying, عاملهُ مُعَامَلَةَ اللَّيْثِ (mentioned in the S in art. ليث) He did, acted, or dealt, with him in the manner of the lion.] b2: And i. q. سَامَهُ بِعَمَلٍ

[He made to him an offer of working, mentioning the rate of payment; or bargained, or contracted, with him for work]. (K.) Sgh says that المُعَامَلَةُ in the language of the people of El-'Irák is what is termed in the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz المُسَاقَاةُ, (Msb,) which is The employing a man to take upon himself, or manage, the culture' [or watering &c.] of palm-trees or grape-vines [or the like] on the condition of his having a certain share of their produce. (S and TA in art. سقى.) 4 اعملهُ He made him to work, labour, serve, or do service; or to do, act, or perform; (S, * O, * K, TA;) as also ↓ استعملهُ: (S, K:) he made him, or caused him, to do, or to make, manufacture, or construct, a thing. (Msb.) And one says also, يُعْمِلُ نَفْسَهُ فِى الأَمْرِ [He plies himself in the affair]. (S in art. عسم.) b2: And [hence,] He worked with it, [i. e. employed it, or used it, or plied it,] namely, his judgment, or opinion, and [properly] his instrument, or implement, (K, TA,) and his tongue; (TA;) as also ↓ استعملهُ. (K, TA.) And أَعْمَلَ ذِهْنَهُ فِى كَذَا وَكَذَا [He employed, or used, his intellect, or understanding, in such and such things;] meaning he considered, or forecast, the issues, or results, of such and such things with his intellect, or understanding. (TA.) b3: And أَعْمَلْتُ النَّاقَةَ [I hastened, and urged, the she-camel]: whence the saying, in a trad., لَا تُعْمَلُ المَطِىُّ إِلَّا إِلَى ثَلَاثَةِ مَسَاجِدَ, meaning [The camels that are used for riding] shall not be hastened nor urged [or plied, save to three mosques; that of Mekkeh, that of El-Medeeneh, and that of ElAksà at Jerusalem: see also a variation of this saying in the first paragraph of art. ضرب; and another voce عُرْوَةٌ]: and in a trad. of Lukmán, يُعْمِلُ النَّاقَةَ وَالسَّاقَ [He hastens, and urges, the she-camel and the shank], meaning he is strong to journey, riding and walking. (TA.) b4: See also 2, last sentence.

A2: [مَا أَعْمَلَهُمْ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ, a phrase occurring in art. صبر in the K, means How much do they occupy themselves in doing the deed of the the people of the fire of Hell!]

A3: أَعْمَلْتُ الرُّمْحَ means I thrust, or pierced, with the عَامِل [q. v.] of the spear. (Har p. 77.) [Or one says, أَعْمَلْتُهُ بِالرُّمْحِ, meaning I thrust him, or pierced him, with the عَامِل of the spear. (See De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii. 191.)]5 تعمّل He suffered fatigue, or difficulty; and strove, laboured, or toiled; syn. تَعَنَّى, (O, K, TA,) and اِجْتَهَدَ; (TA;) لِكَذَا [for such a thing]; (S, O;) and مِنْ أَجْلِهِ [on his account, or for his sake]; (K;) and فِى حَاجَتِهِ [in the case of his object of want]. (TA.) 6 تَعَامُلٌ is syn. with ↓ مُعَامَلَةٌ [generally as meaning The dealing together in buying and selling, and the like]. (TA.) One says, تعامل النَّاسُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ [Men, or the people, dealt together in buying and selling with the dirhems; i. e. used the dirhems in buying and selling]. (Msb in art. روج.) And يُتَعَامَلُ بِهِ [The business of buying and selling is transacted with it; i. e. it is used in buying and selling]; referring to the [coin called]

فَلْس. (Msb in art. فلس.) 8 اعتمل signifies اِضْطَرَبَ فِى العَمَلِ [He went to and fro occupied in work, labour, or service]: (S, O, TA:) or he worked, laboured, or did service, for himself; like as one says اِخْتَدَمَ meaning خَدَمَ نَفْسَهُ: (T, TA:) or he worked, &c., by himself: (K, TA:) or he worked, &c., for another: (TA:) with an instrument, or tool, or the like; or with instruments, or tools, or the like. (M and K in art. اول.) A2: [It is also trans.] One says, اِعْتَمَلْتُ أَعْمَالًا, meaning اِكْتَسَبْتُ [I laboured to earn, or gain, sustenance]. (Msb.) and it is said in a trad., respecting Kheyber, دَفَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ

أَرْضَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْتَمِلُوهَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ i. e. [He gave to them their land] on the condition of their [bestowing labour upon it, or] doing what they required to be done [upon it], of cultivation, and sowing, and fecundating of the palm-trees, and guarding, and the like, from their own property. (IAth, TA.) b2: [And اعتملهُ signifies also He employed him, or used him, for work, or service; like استعملهُ: but is perhaps post-classical.]10 استعملهُ He asked, required, or desired, him to work, labour, do service, or act, (S, O, Msb, * TA,) for him. (TA.) [And استعمل, app. for استعمل نَفْسَهُ, He desired to act: see an ex. in art. روى conj. 2.] b2: See also 4, in two places. b3: And see 2. One says also, اُسْتُعْمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى

الجَالَّةِ [Such a one was employed as collecter of the poll-tax]. (S and Msb in art. جل. See also a similar ex. voce ضِحٌّ.) And اِسْتَعْمَلْتُ الثَّوْبَ I made the garment to serve [i. e. made use of it] for clothing. (Msb.) And اِسْتَعْمَلْتُ اللَّبِنَ [I made use of the bricks], meaning I built with the bricks a building. (Msb.) And استعمل البَلَهَ [He feigned heedlessness, &c.; or made use of it as a mask, or pretext]. (K in explanation of تَبَالَهَ and تَبَلَّهَ. See also a similar ex. voce تَحَلَّمَ.) عَمَلٌ [mentioned in the beginning of this art. as an inf. n.] is syn. with مَِهْنَةٌ and فِعْلٌ: (K:) [accordingly, when used as a simple subst., it may be rendered Work, labour, or service: and a deed, or an action:] or it has a more particular meaning than فِعْلٌ; for it is a فِعْل [or deed] with a sort of difficulty; and therefore it is not attributed to God: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, it is any فِعْل [i. e. deed or action] that proceeds from an animate being by his intention; and thus it has a more particular meaning than فِعْلٌ; for the فعل is sometimes attributed to animate beings from which it proceeds without intention; and sometimes to inanimate things, to which the عَمَل is seldom attributed; and this is not used in relation to [irrational] animals except [as implied] in the phrases إِبِلٌ عَوَامِلُ and بَقَرٌ عَوَامِلُ: or, accord. to MF, the عَمَل is a motion of the whole, or of a portion, of the body; and sometimes, of the mind; so that it is the utterance of a saying, as well as the doing a deed with the member, or limb, with which things are gained or earned; though most readily understood as applied particularly to the latter; and some apply it particularly to that which is not a saying: it is also said that a saying is not termed عَمَلٌ in the common conventional language: and the truth is said to be, that it is not included in the terms عَمَلٌ and فِعْلٌ otherwise than tropically: (TA:) [see also عَمِلَةٌ:] the pl. of عَمَلٌ [used as a simple subst.] is أَعْمَالٌ. (K.) In the following saying, of a woman dandling her child, (S,) or of Keys Ibn-Ásim, (O, TA,) dandling his child Hakeem, (TA,) أَشْبِهْ أَبَا أُمِّكَ أَوْ أَشْبِهْ عَمَلْ the last word is a proper name of a man: (S, O, TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-Zekereeyà, [the meaning is, Share thou in the qualities of the father of thy mother, or share thou in the qualities of my course of action; for he says that] by عَمَلْ is here meant عَمَلِى. (TA.) اِبْنُ عَمَلِى means He who does my work, or the like of what I do. (TA in art. بنى.) And [hence,] فُلَانٌ ابْنُ عَمَلٍ Such a one is strong. (TA.) And بَنُو عَمَلٍ Those who journey on foot. (O, K, * TA.) [And عَمَلُ النَّخْلِ, occurring in the T, voce ضَيْعَةٌ, means The culture of palm-trees: like as عَمَلُ الأرْضِ means agriculture]. b2: And عَمَلٌ signifies also The striving, labouring, or toiling, in work; or the holding on, or continuing, in work: so in the saying of El-Kutámee فَقَدْ يَهُونُ عَلَى المُسْتَنْجِحِ العَمَلُ [For verily the striving, &c., in work is a light matter to him who seeks success]. (TA.) b3: [Also An office of administration; and particularly the office of governor of a province; and the office of collector of the poor-rates, and the like: and an agency of any kind; the management of the affairs and property of another; an employment. b4: Also A province; or territory under a governor appointed by a sovereign. Pl. in this and other senses as above.]

عَمِلٌ, as an صِفَةٌ">epithet applied to a man, i. q. ذُو عَمَلٍ [Having work, labour, or service]; (Sb, K;) as also ↓ عَمُولٌ: (K:) or adapted, or disposed, by nature, to work, labour, or service; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ عَمُولٌ: (S, * O, * K:) or this latter signifies that makes much gain. (TA.) b2: And, applied to lightning, Continuing, or continual. (K.) b3: And عَمِلَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, Brisk, light, active, or quick; (K, TA;) like ↓ يَعْمَلَةٌ; (TA;) and so ↓ عَمَّالَةٌ. (A, TA.) عَمْلَةٌ Theft: or treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness: (O, K:) it is not used otherwise than in relation to evil. (O.) عُمْلَةٌ: see عُمَالَةٌ.

عِمْلَةٌ A mode, or manner, of work, labour, or service; or of doing, or acting; or of making. (K, TA.) One says رَجُلٌ خَبِيثُ العِمْلَةِ, meaning A man bad, or corrupt, in respect of [the mode of] gain. (TA.) b2: See also عَمِلَةٌ. b3: And see عُمَالَةٌ.

A2: Also The internal state, or condition, of a man, in relation to evil. (K.) عَمِلَةٌ, with kesr to the م, is syn. with عَمَلٌ [as signifying A deed, or an action]: (O, K:) so in the saying of a woman of the Arabs, مَا كَانَ لِى

عَمِلَةٌ إِلَّا فَسَادُكُمْ [There was no deed, or action, for me, except the corrupting of you]. (O.) b2: And A thing that is done, or performed; or that is made; (مَا عُمِلَ;) as also ↓ عِمْلةٌ. (K.) عِمْلَى: see عُمَالَةٌ.

عَمَلِىٌّ Practical; opposed to عِلْمِىٌّ: and fabrile; factitious; or artificial.]

عَمِلَ بِهِ العِمِلِّينَ, with two kesrehs and with the ل musheddedeh, (K, TA, but in the CK العِمِلَّيْنِ,) or العِمْلِينَ, or العُمَلِينَ, (K, TA,) or, accord. to ISd as on the authority of Th, العِمَلين and العِمْلين, [app. العِمَلِينَ and العِمْلِينَ,] (TA,) or العِملَيْنِ, [thus written without any vowel-sign to the م, and in the dual form,] (O as on the authority of Aboo-Zeyd,) and IAar adds العِمْلَيْنِ, with the م quiescent, (O,) [compare البُلَغِينَ and البُِرَحِينْ, which suggest that the correct forms may be العُمَلِينَ and العِمَلِينَ,] He exceeded the ordinary bounds, (K,) or went to the utmost point, (O, K,) in annoying him, (K,) or in reviling him and annoying him. (O.) عَمُولٌ: see عَمِلٌ, in two places.

عَمَالَةٌ Briskness, lightness, activity, or quickness, of a she-camel. (K.) b2: See also what next follows.

عُمَالَةٌ (T, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عِمَالَةٌ (Lh, Msb, K) and ↓ عَمَالَةٌ (K) and ↓ عِمْلَةٌ and ↓ عُمْلَةٌ (K) or ↓ عُمَّلَةٌ, with damm, and ↓ عِمْلَى, like ذِكْرَى [in measure], this last on the authority of Fr, (O,) The hire, pay, or recompense, (T, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) of him who works, labours, or serves, (T, S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or for work, labour, or service. (K.) b2: And عُمَالَةٌ signifies also The state, or condition, of being occupied; or having work, labour, or service, to perform; contr. of بُطَالَةٌ as syn. with بَطَالَةٌ, inf. n. of بَطَلَ in the phrase بَطَلَ مِنَ العَمَلِ. (Msb in art. بطل.) عِمَالَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عُمَّلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَمَّالٌ One who does much work or labour or service: or who strives, labours, or toils, in work; or holds on, or continues, in work. (TA.) b2: عَمَّالَةٌ, applied to a she-camel: see عَمِلٌ.

عَامِلٌ [Working; labouring; serving, or doing service: doing, acting, or performing: and doing, making, working, manufacturing, or constructing, a thing:] act. part. n. of عَمِلَ: (T, Msb, TA:) pl. عَامِلُونَ (Msb, K, TA) and عُمَّالٌ (Msb) and عَمَلَةٌ, (K, TA,) which last signifies [particularly] workers with their hands, (Mgh in art. فعل, K, TA,) in various sorts of work, (TA,) in clay (Mgh, TA) or building (Mgh) or digging (Mgh, TA) &c.; (TA;) like فَعَلَةٌ [a pl. of فَاعِلٌ]: (Mgh:) and عَوَامِلُ, (K, TA,) as pl. of [the fem.]

عَامِلَةٌ, (TA,) [and likewise in this case of عَامِلٌ,] signifies oxen that plough, and that tread the corn, (K, TA,) and upon which water is drawn, and that are employed in other labours; and in like manner applied to camels: and it is said in a trad. that in the case of such animals no poorrate is required. (TA.) b2: Also [An administrator of public affairs; and particularly a governor of a province; and] a collector of the poor-rates [and the like]: and an agent who manages the affairs and property of another. (TA.) A2: عَامِلُ الرُّمْحِ (S, O, K) and ↓ عَامِلَتُهُ (K) The part, of the spear, that is next to the head, exclusive of the ثَعْلَب [or portion that enters into the head]: (S, O:) or the صَدْر [or fore part] of the spear, (K, TA,) exclusive of the head, accord. to A'Obeyd two cubits in length: (TA:) or, as some say, the spear-head itself is called عَامِلٌ: (O, TA:) pl. عَوَامِلُ. (TA.) See also ذِرَاعٌ, last sentence.

عَامِلَةٌ [as a subst., rendered so by the affix ة,] sing. of عَوَامِلُ, (T, TA,) which signifies The legs (T, K, TA) of a beast or horse or the like. (T, TA.) b2: عَامِلَةُ الرُّمْحِ: see عَامِلٌ, near the end.

طَرِيقٌ مُعْمَلٌ A conspicuous, travelled, road. (S.) مَعْمُولٌ [pass. part. n. of عَمِلَ, as such signifying Done, made, &c. b2: And] applied to beverage, or wine, (شَرَاب,) as meaning In which are milk and honey (Th, O, K) and snow: (Th, O:) occurring in a trad. of El-Shaabee. (O.) b3: [and An ass whose testicles have been extracted. (Freytag on the authority of Meyd.)]

مُسْتَعْمَلٌ as an صِفَةٌ">epithet applied to a camel means Employed in work, labour, or service. (TA.) يَعْمَلٌ An excellent, or a strong, light, and swift, he-camel; (O, K;) though disallowed by Kh: (O:) and (O, K) يَعْمَلَةٌ an excellent, or a strong, light, and swift, she-camel, adapted, or disposed, by nature, to work, labour, or service: (S, O, K: *) or, accord. to Kr, the former signifies a swift she-camel; [but see what follows, as well as what precedes;] and is a subst. applied thereto, derived from العَمَلُ: and the pl. is يَعْمَلَاتٌ: (TA: see also عَمِلٌ:) neither of them is used as an صِفَةٌ">epithet, each being only a subst., (M, K, TA,) accord. to Sb, for one does not say جَمَلٌ يَعْمَلٌ nor نَاقَةٌ يَعْمَلَةٌ, but only يَعْمَلٌ and يَعْمَلَةٌ as meaning a he-camel and a she-camel; and hence, he says, we know not يَفْعَل occurring as [the measure of] an صِفَةٌ">epithet: but some make يَعْمَل to be an صِفَةٌ">epithet. (M, TA.) يَوْمُ اليَعْمَلَةِ was one of the days [meaning days of conflict] of the Arabs. (O, K.)

طبع

1 طَبَعَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَبْعٌ, He sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed; syn. خَتَمَ: (Msb:) [and, as now used, he printed a book or the like:] تَبْعٌ and خَتْمٌ both signify the making an impression in, or upon, clay and the like: (S, Mgh, O, K:) or, as Er-Rághib says, the impressing a thing with the engraving of the signet and stamp: (TA in this art. and in art. ختم: [see more in the first paragraph of the latter art:]) and he says also that طَبْعٌ signifies the figuring a thing with some particular figure; as in the case of the طَبْع of the die for stamping coins, and the طَبْع of coins [themselves]: but that it is more general in signification than خَتْمٌ, and more particular than نَقْشٌ; as will be shown by what follows: accord. to Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, طَبْعٌ and خَتْمٌ both signify the covering over a thing, and securing oneself from a thing's entering it: and IAth says [in like manner] that they held طَبْعٌ to be syn. with رَيْنٌ [inf. n. of رَانَ]: but Mujáhid says that رَيْنٌ denotes less than طَبْعٌ; and طَبْعٌ, less than إِقْفَالٌ [or the “ closing with a lock: ” this he says with reference to a phrase in the Kur xlvii. 26]. (TA.) You say, طَبَعَ الكِتَابَ, (Mgh, Msb,) and طَبَعَ عَلَى

الكِتَابِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) He sealed (خَتَمَ, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the writing, or letter. (S, Mgh, Msb.) And طَبَعَ He branded, or otherwise marked, the sheep, or goat. (O. [See طَابَعٌ.]) And طَبَعَ اللّٰهُ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ (tropical:) God sealed [or set a seal upon] his [i. e. an unbeliever's] heart, so that he should not heed admonition, nor be disposed to that which is good; (Mgh;) or so that belief should not enter it: (O:) [and in like manner, خَتَمَ عَلَيْهِ, q. v.:] in this, regard is had to the طَبْع, and the طَبِيعَة, which is the natural constitution or disposition; for it denotes the characterizing of the soul with some particular quality or qualities, either by creation or by habit, and more especially by creation. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: Also He began to make, or manufacture, a thing: and he made [a thing] as in instances here following. (Mgh.) You say, طَبَعَ مِنَ الطِّينِ جَرَّةً He made, [or fashioned, or moulded,] of the clay, a jar. (S, O, K.) And طَبَعَ اللَّبِنَ, (Mgh, TA,) and السَّيْفَ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and الدِّرْهَمُ, (S, O, K,) He made (S, Mgh, O, K) [the crude bricks, and the sword, and the dirhem]: or طَبَعَ الدَّرَاهِمَ he struck (Mgh, Msb) with the die (Msb) [i. e. coined, or minted,] the dirhems, or money. (Mgh, Msb.) And [hence] one says, طَبَقَهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) God created him with an adaptation, or a disposition, to the thing, affair, state, condition, or case; or adapted him, or disposed him, by creation, [or nature], thereto. (TA.) And طُبِعَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He (a man, O, TA) was created with an adaptation, or a disposition, to the thing; or was adapted, or disposed, by creation [or nature], thereto; syn. جُبِلَ, (IDrd, O, K, TA,) or فُطِرَ. (Lh, TA.) b3: Also, (aor. as above, TA, and so the inf. n., O, TA,) He filled (Er-Rághib, O, K, TA) a measure for corn or the like, (Er-Rághib, TA,) or a leathern bucket, (O, K, TA,) and a skin, (O, TA,) &c.; (O;) and so ↓ طبّع, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْبِيعٌ: (S, O:) because the quantity that fills it is a sign that prevents the taking a portion of what is in it [without the act's being discovered]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b4: And طَبَعَ قَفَاهُ, (IAar, O, K,) inf. n. as above, (IAar, O,) He struck the back of his neck with his hand; (IAar, O, K;) i. e. the back of the neck of a boy: if with the ends of the fingers, one says, قَذَّ قَفَاهُ. (IAar, O.) b5: مَا أَدْرِى مِنْ أَيْنَ طَبَعَ means I know not whence he came forth; syn. طَلَعَ. (TA.) A2: طَبِعَ, (aor.

طَبَعَ,] inf. n. طَبَعٌ, said of a sword, It was, or became, rusty, or overspread with rust: (S:) or very rusty, or overspread with much rust. (K, TA: from an explanation of the aor. : but this is written in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K, and in the O, يُطْبَعُ. [An explanation of طَبَعٌ in the O and K confirms the reading يَطْبَعُ; and another confirmation thereof will be found in what follows in this paragraph.]) b2: Said of a thing, (Msb,) or of a garment, or piece of cloth, (TA,) inf. n. طَبَعٌ, It was, or became, dirty; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ تطّبع is likewise said [in the same sense] of a garment, or piece of cloth. (M and TA voce رَانَ, in art. رين.) b3: Said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was or became, filthy or foul [in character]. (S.) And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, sluggish, lazy, or indolent. (S.) One says of a man, يَطْبَعُ, (O, K,) like يَفْرَحُ, (K,) meaning (assumed tropical:) He has no penetrative energy, sharpness, or effectiveness, in the affairs that are the means, or causes, of attaining honour, like the sword that is overspread with much rust. (O, K.) A3: طُبِعَ, (O, K,) inf. n. طَبْعٌ, (O,) said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was rendered [or pronounced] filthy or foul [in character]; (O, K;) on the authority of Sh; (O;) and so طَبِعَ, like فَرِحَ; (TA as on the authority of Sh; [but this I think doubtful;]) and disgraced, or dishonoured: (K:) and ↓ طُبِّعَ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَطْبِيعٌ, (TA,) he was rendered [or pronounced] filthy or foul [in character], (O, TA,) and blamed, or discommended. (O.) 2 طبّع, inf. n. تَطْبِيعٌ, He sealed well [or much, or he sealed a number of writings &c.]. (KL: in which only the inf. n. is mentioned.) b2: And He loaded [a beast heavily, or] well. (KL.) b3: See also 1, a little after the middle.

A2: تَطْبِيعٌ signifies also The rendering unclean, dirty, filthy, or impure. (O, K.) b2: See 1, last sentence.5 تطبّع (assumed tropical:) He affected what was not in his natural disposition. (Har p. 236.) You say, تطبّع بِطِبَاعِهِ (tropical:) He affected, or feigned, his [i. e. another's] natural dispositions. (O, K, TA.) b2: Also It (a vessel) became full or filled: (S, O, K:) quasi-pass. of طبّعهُ. (S.) And تطبّع بِالمَآءِ It (a river, or rivulet,) overflowed its sides with the water, and poured it forth abundantly. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last quarter.7 يَذُوبُ وَيَنْطَبِعُ, a phrase of Es-Sarakhsee, meaning [It melts, and then] it admits of being sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed, is allowable on the ground of analogy, though we have not heard it [as transmitted from the Arabs of pure speech]. (Mgh.) b2: [Golius has erroneously expl. انطبع as meaning “ Mansuetus, edoctus, obsequens fuit; ” on the authority of the KL; evidently in consequence of his having found its inf. n. (اِنْطِبَاعٌ) written in a copy of that work for اِنْطِياعٌ, the reading in my own copy.]8 الاِطِّبَاعُ for الاِضْطِبَاعُ see in art ضبع.

طَبْعٌ, originally an inf. n., (S,) signifies (assumed tropical:) A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like; or an idiosyncrasy; syn. سَجِيَّةٌ (S, O, K, TA) or جِبِلَّةٌ (Msb) and خَلِيقَةٌ; (TA;) to which a man is adapted by creation; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) [as though it were stamped, or impressed, upon him;] as also ↓ طَبِيعَةٌ; (S, O, K, TA;) or this signifies his مِزَاج [i. e. constitution, or temperament, or aggregate natural constituents], composed of the [four] humours; (Msb; [see مِزَاجٌ;]) and ↓ طِبَاعٌ; (S, O, K, TA;) or this last signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (O,) with the article ال prefixed to it, what is, or are, constituted in us in consequence of food and drink &c. (مَا رُكِّبَ فِينَا مِنَ المَطْعَمِ وَالمَشْرَبِ وَغْيَرِ ذٰلِكَ [in which مطعم and مشرب are evidently used as inf. ns. agreeably with general analogy]), (O, K, TA,) by غير ذلك being meant such as straitness and ampleness [of circumstances], and niggardliness and liberality, (TA,) of the natural dispositions that are inseparable from us; (O, K, TA;) and this word is fem., (O, TA,) like طَبِيعَةٌ, as is said in the M; or it is sing. and masc. accord. to Abu-l-Kásim Ez-Zejjájee; and it is also pl. of طَبْعٌ, as it is said to be by Az; (TA;) [and those who have asserted it to be fem. may have held it to be a pl.;] and ↓ طَابِعٌ is syn. with طِبَاعٌ [as a sing.]; (K, TA;) or, as Lh says, it is syn. with

↓ طَبِيعَةٌ; of which the pl. is طَبَائِعُ. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Model, make, fashion, or mould: as in the saying, اِضْرِبْهُ عَلَى طَبْعِ هٰذَا (assumed tropical:) [Make thou it, fashion it, or mould it, according to the model, make, fashion, or mould, of this]. (IAar, O, L, K, TA.) طِبْعٌ A river, or rivulet; (As, T, S, O, K, TA;) so called because first dug [and filled] by men; having the meaning of مَطْبُوعٌ, like قطْفٌ in the sense of مَقْطُوفٌ; not applied to any of those cleft by God, such as the Tigris and the Euphrates and the Nile and the like thereof: (Az, TA:) pl. أَطْبَاعٌ [properly a pl. of pauc.,] (As, S, O,) or طُبُوعٌ, as heard by Az from the Arabs, and طِبَاعٌ: (TA:) or الطِّبْعُ, as some say, is the name of a particular river: (S, O:) or it is also thus applied, i. e. to a particular river. (K.) b2: And i. q. مَغِيضُ مَآءٍ [i. e. A place where water sinks, or goes away, into the earth; or where water enters into the earth; and where it collects]: (O, K:) pl. أَطْبَاعٌ. (O, TA.) b3: And The quantity sufficient for the filling of a measure for corn or the like, and of a skin, (O, K, TA, [والسِّقآءُ in the CK being a mistake for وَالسِّقَآءِ,]) such as does not admit of any addition: and the quantity that a vessel holds, of water. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

طَبَعٌ Dirtiness, (S, Msb,) or dirt: (S:) or, as also ↓ طِبْعٌ, rustiness, or rust, (O, K, TA,) upon iron; (TA;) and dirtiness, or dirt, (O, K, TA,) covering the sword: (TA:) or the former signifies much dirtiness or dirt, from rust: (Lth, O, K:) pl. أَطْبَاعٌ. (K. [See طَبِعَ, of which طَبَعٌ is the inf. n.]) b2: Also (tropical:) Disgrace, or dishonour; (A'Obeyd, O, K, TA;) and so ↓ طِيْعٌ; (TA;) it is in religion, or in respect of worldly things. (A'Obeyd, TA.) Thábit-Kutneh says, in a verse ascribed by Et-Tanookhee to 'Orweh Ibn-Udheyneh, لَا خَيْرَ فِى طَمَعٍ يَهْدِى إِلَى طَبَعٍ

وَغُفَّةٌ مِنْ قِوَامِ العَيْشِ تَكْفِينِى

[There is no good in coveting, or covetousness, that leads to disgrace: and a sufficiency of the means of subsistence contents me]: (O, TA:) يَهْدِى in this case means يُؤَدِّى. (O.) طَبِعٌ Rusty; applied to a sword. (TA.) b2: Dirty. (Msb.) b3: Applied to a man, (O,) (tropical:) Filthy, or foul, base, ignoble, mean, or sordid, in disposition; that will not be ashamed of an evil action or saying. (O, K, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Sluggish, lazy, or indolent. (TA.) طُبْعَانُ الأَمِيرِ The clay with which the prince, or governor, seals. (O, K.) طِبَاعٌ, as a sing. and a pl.: see طِبْعٌ.

طِبَاعَةٌ The art, or craft, of the طَبَّاع, or manufacturer of swords, (O, K, TA,) or of knives, or of spear-heads, or the like. (TA.) b2: [Also, as used in the present day, The art of printing.]

طَبِيعَةٌ: see طَبْعٌ, in two places. [It generally signifies] The مِزَاج [or nature, as meaning the constitution, or temperament, or aggregate natural constituents, of an animal body, or any other thing, for instance,] of medicine, and of fire, which God has rendered subservient [to some purpose or purposes]. (TA.) [Hence the phrase يَبَسَتْ طَبِيعَتُهُ, meaning He became costive. and الطَّبَائِعُ الأَرْبَعُ The four humours of the body: see خِلْطٌ and مِزَاجٌ.]

طَبِيعِىٌّ Natural; i. e. of, or relating to, the natural, native, or innate, disposition, or temper, or other quality or property; like جِبِلِّىٌّ; meaning essential; resulting from the Creator's ordering of the natural disposition in the body. (Msb in art. جبل.) [Hence, العِلْمُ الطَّبِيعِىُّ Natural, or physical, science.]

طَبَّاعٌ A manufacturer of swords, (O, K, TA,) or of knives, or of spear-heads, or the like. (TA.) طَبُّوعٌ A certain venomous دُوَيْبَّة [or insect]: (El-Jáhidh, O, K, TA:) or, (K,) as said to Az by a man of Egypt, an insect (دُوَيْبَّة) (O) of the same kind as the قِرْدَان [or ticks], (O, K,) but (O) the bite of which occasions intense pain; (O, K;) and sometimes, or often, he that is bitten by it becomes swollen [app. in the part bitten], and is relieved by sweet things: Az says that it is with the Arabs [called, or what is called,] the نِبْر [which is expl. as meaning the tick; or an insect resembling the tick, which, when it creeps upon the camel, causes the track along which it creeps to swell; or as being smaller than the tick, that bites, and causes the place of its bite to swell; &c.]: (O:) [accord. to Dmr, as stated by Freytag, i. q. قَمْقَامَةٌ, which is expl. as applied to a small tick; and a species of louse, that clings tightly to the roots of the hair, app. meaning a crab-louse:] what is known thereof [or by this appellation] now is a thing of the form of a small emaciated tick, that sticks to the body of a man, and is hardly, or not at all, severed, except by the application of mercury. (TA.) طِبِّيعٌ The heart (لُبّ) of the طَلْع [as meaning the spathe of the palm-tree]; (O, K;) so called because of its fulness; expl. in a trad. of El-Hasan El-Basree as meaning the طَلْع [i. e., in this case, agreeably with general usage, the spadix of the palm-tree] in its كُفُرَّى [i. e. spathe], the كُفُرُّى being the envelope of the طَلْع. (O, TA.) طَابَعٌ and ↓ طَابِعٌ (S, O, Msb, K, &c.) i. q. خَاتَمٌ (S, O) and خَاتِمٌ (O) [meaning A signet, seal, or stamp; i. e.] a thing with which one seals, stamps, imprints, or impresses: (Msb, TA:) [and also a seal, or stamp, as meaning a piece of clay or wax or the like, or a place in a paper &c., impressed, or imprinted, with the instrument thus called:] and accord. to ISh, the former, (O,) or each, (K,) signifies the مِيسَم [which means the instrument for the branding or otherwise marking, and the brand or other mark,] of the فَرَائِض [or beasts that are to be given in payment of the poor-rate: see طَبَعَ الشَّاةَ]. (O, K.) One says, ↓ الطَّابِعُ طَابِعٌ [The signet, &c., is a thing that seals, &c.]; which is like the attribution of the act to the instrument. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And كَلَامٌ عَلَيْهِ طَابَعُ الفَصَاحَةِ (tropical:) [Language upon which is the stamp of chasteness, or perspicuity, &c.]. (TA.) طَابِعٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: b2: and see also طَبْعٌ.

مَطْبَعٌ A place where anything is sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed. And, as used in the present day, A printing-house; as also مَطْبَعَةٌ.]

مُطْبَعَةٌ, applied to a she-camel: see the next paragraph.

مُطَبَّعٌ Filled: so its fem. in the phrase قِرْبَةٌ مُطَبَّعَةٌ طَعَامًا [A skin filled with food]. (TA.) b2: And مُطَبَّعَةٌ applied to a she-camel, Filled with fat and flesh, so as to be rendered firm in make: (Az, TA:) or [simply] fat. (Z, TA.) b3: And, (TA,) so applied, Heavily laden; (S, O, K, TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ مُطْبَعَةٌ a she-camel heavily burdened by her load. (TA.) b4: and مُهْرٌ مُطَبَّعٌ A colt trained, or rendered tractable or manageable. (TA.) مُطْبُوعٌ [pass. part. n. of طَبَعَ in all its senses]. b2: You say, هُوَ مَطْبُوعٌ عَلَى الكَرَمِ (tropical:) [He is created with an adaptation, or a disposition, to generosity]. (TA.)

طلق

1 طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ inf. n. طُلُوقٌ, (Msb,) The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or cord, by which her fore shank and her arm had been bound together. (S, Mgh.) And طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ إِلَى المَآءِ [The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ (Az, As, S, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ, (Az, TA,) aor. as above, (As, TA,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ (Az, As, S, TA) and طُلُوقٌ, (Az, S, TA,) the camels were, or became, loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, (Az, As, S, TA,) and were left to pasture while going thither: and the subst. is طَلَقٌ [q. v.]. (Az, S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] طَلَقَتْ, (IAar, Th, S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or طَلَقَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (Th, S, O, Msb, K;) and طَلُقَتْ also; (IAar, Th, Mgh, Msb;) the latter of which is preferable, but the former is allowable; (IAar, TA;) or the latter is the more common; (Th, TA;) but accord. to to Akh, the latter is not allowable; (S, O, TA;) inf. n. طَلَاقٌ, (Th, S, Mgh, O, K,) or [properly طَلْقٌ, for it is said that] طَلَاقٌ is the subst., (Msb,) [or] طَلَاقٌ is also a subst. syn. with تَطْلِيقٌ, [as will be expl. below,] as well as inf. n. of طَلُقَتْ and طَلَقَتْ;) (Mgh;) said of a woman; (IAar, Th, S, &c.;) (tropical:) She was, or became, [divorced, or] left to go her way, (O,) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) b3: And طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ, inf. n. طُلُوقٌ and طُلُوقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, eloquent, or chaste in speech, and sweet therein. (Msb. [See also طَلْقٌ: and see 7.]) b4: And طَلُقَ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (S, O,) or طُلُوقَةٌ and طُلُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, (K, TA,) in face, or countenance: (S, O, K, TA:) or, inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) it (the face, or countenance,) was, or became, cheerful, or happy, (MA, Msb,) the contr. of frowning or contracted, (Mgh,) displaying openness and pleasantness; (Msb;) and ↓ تطلّق signifies the same; (MA, Mgh;) as also ↓ انطلق; (Mgh;) syn. انبسط; (K;) whence the saying, ↓ يَنْبَغِى لِلْقَاضِى أَنْ يُنْصِفَ الخَصْمَيْنِ وَلَا يَنْطَلِقُ بوَجْهِهِ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [It behooves the judge to treat with equity the two adversaries in litigation, and] he shall not speak to one of them with a cheerful countenance (بِوَجْهٍ طَلْقٍ) and with sweet speech, not doing this to the other: or it may be from الاِنْطِلَاقُ signifying “ the going away,” and may hence mean, and he shall not turn his face, or pay regard, to one of them [in preference to the other]. (Mgh.) b5: And طَلُقَ, inf. n. طُلُوقَةٌ and طَلَاقَةٌ, said of a day, (tropical:) It was, or became, such as is termed طَلْقٌ; i. e. [temperate,] neither hot nor cold; [&c.; see طَلْقٌ;] and in like manner طَلُقَت is said of a night (لَيْلَة). (K, TA.) b6: طَلِقَ, (O, K,) with kesr, (O,) like سَمِعَ, (K,) signifies تَبَاعِدَ [He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote; &c.]. (O, K.) A2: طَلْقٌ is also trans., syn. with أَطْلَقَ: see the latter verb, former half, in two places. b2: [Hence,] طُلِقَتْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ, (S, Mgh, * O, * Msb, K,) and inf. n. un. طَلْقَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman, S, O, Msb) was taken with the pains of parturition: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) a phrase implying a presage of good [i. e. of speedy and safe delivery]. (Mgh.) [And طُلِقَتْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, in labour with him.]2 طلّق نَاقَتَهُ He left, left alone, or let go, his she-camel. (TA.) See also 4, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] طلّق امْرَأَتَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَلَاقٌ [q. v.]; (O;) and ↓ اطلقها, (K,) inf. n. إِطْلَاقٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) [He divorced his wife;] he separated his wife from himself [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) [طلّق in this sense is opposed to رَاجَعَ: and hence the meanings of these two verbs in a verse of En-Nábighah which I have cited in art. نذر, (see conj. 6 in that art.,) and which is also cited in the S and O and TA in the present art.] b3: and طلّق البِلَادَ (tropical:) He left, or quitted, the country. (IAar, TA.) El-'Okeylee, being asked by Ks, أَطَلَّقْتَ امْرَأَتَكَ [Hast thou quitted thy wife?], answered, نَعَمْ وَالأَرْضَ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا (assumed tropical:) [Yes, and the land behind her]. (IAar, TA.) And one says, طَلَّقْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I left, or quitted, the people, or party: and طلّق العِيَالَ (assumed tropical:) He left [or deserted] the household, like as the man leaves [or divorces] the woman, or wife. (TA.) And طلّق العَيْرُ عَانَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) The he-ass passed by, or beyond, his she-ass, and then left her: and طَلَّقَتْهُ العَانَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-ass submitted herself [the verb which I thus render has been altered to انقدت, for which I read انْقَادَتْ,] to him, after having been incompliant. (TA.) b4: And طُلِّقَ السَّلِيمُ (assumed tropical:) The person bitten by a serpent became rid of the pain: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or recovered himself, and his pain became allayed, (S, O, K,) after the paroxysm: (S, O:) inf. n. as above. (K.) b5: طَلَّقَ نَخْلَهُ: see 4, last sentence.4 الإِطْلَاقُ signifies The loosing, or setting loose or free, and letting go. (TA.) You say, اطلق النَّاقَةَ مِنْ عِقَالِهَا, (S, O, Msb, TA,) or مِنَ العِقَالِ, i. e. He loosed the she-camel from the bond, or cord, by which her fore shank and arm were bound together; (Mgh;) as also ↓ طلّقها. (TA.) And اطلق الأَسِيرَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) and اطلق عَنْهُ, (O, TA,) He let go the captive; (S, O, K, TA;) and set him free; (TA;) he loosed the bond of the captive, and let him go: (Mgh, Msb:) and أُطْلِقَ عَنْهُ إِسَارُهُ [His bond was loosed from him], namely, the captive. (S.) and اطلق خَيْلَهُ فِى الحَلْبَةِ He made his horses to run [in the race-ground]. (TA.) And اطلق النَّاقَةَ He drove the she-camel to the water: (TA:) or أَطْلَقْتُ النَّاقَةَ إِلَى المَآءِ [I loosed the she-camel from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or أَطْلَقْتُ الإِبِلَ (Az, S, O, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ (Az, S, * TA) I loosed the camels to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and left them to pasture while going thither. (Az, S, O, * TA.) And اطلق القَوْمُ means The people, or party, had their camels loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and the camels being left to pasture while going thither. (S, K, * TA.) b2: اطلق امْرَأَتَهُ: see 2, third sentence. b3: اطلق الدَّوَآءُ بَطْنَهُ The medicine loosened, or relaxed, his belly [or bowels]; (Msb;) or moved his belly. (TA.) b4: [اطلق عِنَانَهُ He let loose, or slackened, his (a horse's) rein; and so (assumed tropical:) made him to quicken his pace. (See Har p. 356.)] And اطلق رِجْلَهُ (assumed tropical:) He hastened him; or desired, or required, him to hasten, or be quick; as also ↓ استطلقهُ. (TA. [Whether the pronoun relate to a beast or a man is not shown. By استطلقه is not meant استطلق رِجْلَهُ as رِجْل is fem.]) b5: اطلق يَدَهُ بِخَيْرِ (S, O, K, TA) and فِى خَيْرٍ, and بِمَالٍ and فِى مَالٍ; (TA;) and ↓ طَلَقَهَا, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) or ـِ (K,) but expressly said in the S to be with damm, inf. n. طَلْقٌ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) He opened his hand [freely] with good, (K, TA,) and with property. (TA.) And اطلق لَهُ مَالًا (assumed tropical:) He gave him property: (MA:) and ↓ طَلَقَ (assumed tropical:) he gave (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) a thing. (K.) And اطلق صَاحِبُ الدَّيْنِ كَذَآ (assumed tropical:) [The creditor remitted so much of the debt; being asked, or desired, to do so: see 10]. (Msb.) b6: [اطلقه also signifies (assumed tropical:) He made it allowable, or free, to be done, or taken, &c.] You say, اطلق لَهُ فِعْلَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He permitted him, or gave him permission or leave, to do such a thing; i. q. أَذِنَ لَهُ فِيهِ. (Msb in art. اذن.) b7: [And (assumed tropical:) He made it to be unrestricted. Hence the saying, اطلق بِهِمُ السَّيْفَ (assumed tropical:) He made the sword to have unrestricted scope with them; i. e. he slew them without restriction.] and أَطْلَقْتُ البَيِّنَةَ (assumed tropical:) I made the evidence, proof, or voucher, to be without any mention of the date; contr. of أَرَّخْتُهَا; (Msb in art. ارخ;) or I gave the evidence without restricting it by a date: from

أَطْلَقْتُ الأَسِيرَ. (Msb in the present art.) and hence also أَطْلَقْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I made the saying to be unrestricted, and unconditional. (Msb.) [and اطلق لَفْظًا (assumed tropical:) He uttered, or mentioned, or used, a word, or an expression, without restriction: and in like manner, اطلق alone is often employed. And (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, a word, or an expression, without restriction, عَلَى مَعْنًى to signify a particular meaning: thus in the saying اطلق المَصْدَرَ عَلَى الفَاعِلِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the infinitive noun without restricting it by the prefix ذُو, or the like, to signify the active participial noun; as عَدْلًا to signify عَادِلًا: and thus in the saying اطلق اسْمَ عَلَى الجُزْءِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the name of the whole without restricting it by a prefix to signify the part; as القُرْآن to signify اللآيَة: and many similar exs. might be added: but this usage of the verb is conventional: see Kull p. 57. Hence also أَلِفُ الإِطْلَاقِ: see art. ا, p. 1, col. 3.] b8: الإِطْلَاقُ فِى القَائِمَةِ [in which الاطلاق is inf. n. of the pass. v., أُطْلِقَ,] is (assumed tropical:) The freedom from [the whiteness termed] وَضَح [meaning تَحْجِيل, q. v.,] in the leg [of a horse]: and some make الإِطْلَاق to signify the having a fore leg and a hind leg in one side with تحجيل; and الإِمْسَاكُ [as inf. n. of أُمْسِكَ], the having a fore leg and a hind leg without تحجيل. (TA.) b9: اطلق عَدُوَّهُ (assumed tropical:) He dosed his enemy with poison. (IAar, O, K.) b10: And اطلق نخْلَهُ (tropical:) He fecundated his palm-trees; (IAar, O, K, TA;) said when they are tall; (IAar, O, TA;) as also ↓ طلّقهُ, (IAar, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ. (K.) 5 تطلّق, said of a gazelle, He went along, (S, O, Msb, K,) or bounded in his running, or ran briskly in one direction, (اِسْتَنَّ فِى عَدْوِهِ,) and went along, (TA,) not pausing nor waiting for anything; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ استطلق. (TA.) And تطلّقت الخَيْلُ The horses went [or ran] a heat without restraining themselves, to the goal. (TA.) b2: And, said of a horse, (tropical:) He staled after running. (AO, O, K.) b3: Said of the face: see 1, latter half.7 انطلق, inf. n. اِنْطِلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ نُطَيْلِيقٌ, the conjunctive ا being rejected, so that it becomes نِطْلَاقٌ, (S, O,) [He was, or became, loosed from his bond: whence,] اِنْطِلَاقُ العِنَانِ [The rein's being let loose, or slackened,] is a phrase metonymically used to denote quickness in going along. (Har pp. 355-6.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He (a captive loosed from his bond) went his way: (Msb:) or [simply] he went away, or departed: (S, Mgh, O, K:) or he went removing from his place. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Thus in the Kur [lxxvii. 29], اِنْطَلِقُوا إِلى مَا كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ (assumed tropical:) [Depart ye to that in which ye disbelieved]; (TA;) meaning to the punishment: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to IAth, [it seems to mean go ye away quickly into the lowest depth of misery or affliction; for he says, app. in explanation of this verse of the Kur, that] الاِنْطِلَاقُ means سُرْعَةُ الذَّهَابِ فِى أَصْلِ المِحْنَةِ. (TA.) And one says also, انطلق يَفْعَلُ كَذَا (tropical:) He went away doing, or to do, such a thing. (TA.) وَانْطَلَقَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْهُمْ

أَنِ امْشُوا [in the Kur xxxviii. 5 may be expl. in a similar manner; أَن being here used in the place of يَقُولُونَ: or this] means [And the chief persons of them] broke forth, or launched forth, with their tongues, [saying,] Go ye on, or continue ye, in your course of action &c. (Mughnee, voce أَنْ.) And one says, اُنْطُلِقَ بِهِ, (S, O, K,) meaning He, or it, was taken away; (K;) like as one says, اُنْقُطِعَ بِهِ. (S, O.) b3: [انطلق لِسَانُهُ means (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, free from impediment; and hence, eloquent, or chaste in speech. See an ex. in the Kur xxvi. 12: and see also طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ.] b4: انطلق said of the face: see 1, latter half, in two places.8 مَا تَطَّلِقُ نَفْسِى لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ, (S, O, K, *) of the measure تَفْتَعِلُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. اِطِّلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ طُتَيْلِيقٌ, the [latter] ط being changed [back] into ت because the former ط becomes movent, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) My mind does not become free from straitness [for, or with respect to, this thing, or affair]. (S, O, K. *) 10 اِسْتِطلَاقٌ [primarily signifies The desiring to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go]: its dim. is ↓ تُطَيْلِيقٌ. (S, O.) b2: [Hence,] استطلق بَطْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His belly [or bowels] became [unbound,] loosened, or relaxed; (Msb, TA;) or became moved; (S, O, K, TA;) and the contents thereof came forth. (TA.) b3: Said of a gazelle, i. q. تطلّق, q. v. (TA.) A2: [It is also trans., as such primarily signifying The desiring a person or thing to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go. b2: Hence,] one says, استطلق الرَّاعِى

نَاقَةً لِنَفْسِهِ (S, O) [meaning The pastor desired a she-camel to be left, or he left a she-camel, for himself, not milking her at the water; as is plainly indicated by what immediately precedes it in the S: or] the pastor took, (PS,) or retained, [which is virtually the same,] a she-camel for himself. (PS, TA.) b3: And اِسْتَطْلَقْتُ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الدَّيْنِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [I desired. or demanded, of the creditor, the remission of so much of the debt]. (Msb.) b4: See also 4, former half.

طَلْقٌ [Loosed from his bond, set loose or free, or], as expl. by IAar, let go; as also ↓ طَلِيقٌ and ↓ مُطْلَقٌ: and a man not having anything upon him, as expl. by Ks: and طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ a camel not having the fore legs bound. (TA.) You say, حُبِسَ طَلْقًا, (so in the CK,) or ↓ طَلَقًا, (K accord. to the TA, [and this is agreeable with the preceding context in the K, but it requires confirmation which I do not find,]) and with damm, [i. e. طُلْقًا,] accord. to the K, but correctly with two dammehs, [i. e. ↓ طُلُقًا,] (TA, and thus in the S,) He was imprisoned without shackle and without bond. (K, TA) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] طَلْقُ اللِّسَانِ, and ↓ طَلِيقُ اللسان, (S, O, Msb, K,) and اللسان ↓ طِلْقُ, (K,) and اللسان ↓ طُلَقُ, (TA,) (tropical:) Eloquent, or chaste, in speech, and sweet therein: (Msb:) and اللِّسَانِ ↓ مُنْطَلِقُ and ↓ مُتَطَلِّقُهُ (tropical:) [free from impediment of the tongue; or] eloquent, or chaste in speech. (TA.) And لِسَانٌ طَلْقٌ ذَلْقٌ, and ذَلِيقٌ, ↓ طَلِيقٌ, and ذُلُقٌ ↓ طُلُقٌ, and ذُلَقٌ ↓ طُلَقٌ, (S, O, K,) but the last two of these were unknown to As, and the latter of them was disallowed by IAar, (TA,) and ذَلِقٌ ↓ طَلِقٌ, (O, K,) [expl. in the K as meaning A tongue having sharpness; but correctly] meaning (tropical:) a tongue free from impediment, or eloquent, or chaste in speech, (ذُو انْطِلَاقٍ,) and sharp. (O, TA.) b3: And طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلُقُ, (O, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلْقُ, (O, TA,) and اليدين ↓ طَلِيقُ, (L, TA,) (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) applied to a man: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) and in like manner, a woman: (TA:) [or] a woman is termed طَلْقَةُ اليَدَيْنِ: (S:) and so, accord to Az, طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ; which [generally] has another meaning, expl. in what follows. (TA.) And يَدُهُ طَلْقٌ (tropical:) His hand is liberal; syn. بِسْطٌ; (TA in art. بسط;) and so ↓ مُطْلَقَةٌ: (S and K and TA in that art.:) or the latter signifies opened; and so ↓ مَطْلُوقَةٌ. (TA in the present art.) b4: And طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and الوجه ↓ طِلْقُ, (IAar, O, K,) and ↓ طُلْقُ الوجه, (IAar, K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِقُ, (K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ, (S, O, K,) (tropical:) Laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, in the face, or countenance: (K, TA:) or cheerful, or happy, displaying openness and pleasantness, in the face; and so طَلْقٌ alone: (Msb:) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ open and pleasant, and goodly, in countenance: (Az, TA:) and طَلِيقٌ alone, joyful, and open or cheer-ful, in countenance. (TA. [And it is there said that the pl. of طَلْقٌ is طَلْقَات: but this is app. a mistranscription for طُلْقَانٌ or طِلْقَانٌ.]) أُوْجُهٌ

↓ طَوَالِقُ is not allowable, except in poetry. (IAar, TA.) b5: And يَوْمٌ طَلْقٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh, O, K,) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ (Lth, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and طَلْقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) (tropical:) A day, and a night, in which is neither heat nor cold: (Lth, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or in which is no cold nor anything hurtful: (S:) or in which is no rain: or in which is no wind: or in which the cold is mild: (TA: [after which is added, من ايام طَلْقات: but the last word seems, as in an instance before mentioned, to be mistranscribed, or ايام (i. e. أَيَّام) may be a mistake for لَيَالٍ:]) or لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقٌ means a night in which is no cold: (AA, TA:) or in which the wind is still: (O, TA:) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ sometimes means a moon-lit, or a light, or bright, night: (IDrd, O, TA:) and one says also ↓ لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ, (K, TA,) meaning a still, or calm, and light, or bright, night: (TA:) and ↓ لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ, (K, * TA,) meaning pleasant nights in which is neither heat nor cold. (TA.) Er-Rá'ee says, فَلَمَّا عَلَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

meaning يَوْمِ لَيْلَةٍ طَلْقَةٍ [And when the sun came upon him, or it,] in a day of a night in which was neither cold nor wind; i. e., in a day after such a night; for the Arabs commence with the night, before the day: and the phrase فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

occurs in like manner in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh. (Az, TA.) b6: For the صِفَةٌ">epithet طَلْقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (applied to a horse, accord. to the K,) see طُلُقٌ. b7: And for other meanings assigned in the K to طَلْقٌ, see طُلُقٌ, in two places.

A2: طَلْقٌ signifies also The pain of childbirth. (S, O.) One says, ضَرَبَهَا الطَّلْقُ [The pain of childbirth smote her]. (O.) [See also طُلِقَت, of which it is the inf. n.]

A3: And [it is said to signify] A sort of medicine. (S.) See طَلَقٌ, latter half, in two places.

طُلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b2: and طُلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طِلْقُ اللِّسَانِ: b2: and طِلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ. b3: طِلْقٌ signifies also (tropical:) Lawful, allowable, or free: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) or it signifies, (Msb, TA,) or signifies also, (Mgh,) ↓ مُطْلَقٌ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) [i. e.] a thing unrestricted, (TA,) i. e. any affair in which one has power, or authority, to act according to his own judgment or discretion or free will. (Msb.) One says, هٰذَا حَلَالٌ طِلْقٌ (tropical:) [This is lawful, &c., unrestricted; using the latter صِفَةٌ">epithet as a corroborative]: and [in the contr. case] حَرَامٌ غِلْقٌ. (TA.) And هُوَ لَكَ طِلْقًا (tropical:) [It is thine lawfully &c.]. (S, O, K, TA.) And اِفْعَلْ هٰذَا طِلْقًا لَكَ (assumed tropical:) Do thou this as a thing lawful &c. to thee. (Msb.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْ طِلْقِ مَالِى (assumed tropical:) I gave him of what was lawful &c., i. e. free to be disposed of by me, of my property: (Msb:) or (tropical:) of what was clear [from any claim or the like], and good, or lawful, of my property. (TA.) And الخَيْلُ طِلْقٌ, occurring in a trad. as meaning (tropical:) Horses are allowable to be betted upon. (TA.) And أَنْتَ طِلْقٌ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) Thou art clear of this affair; (S, O, K, * TA; *) quit of it, or irresponsible for it. (K, TA.) b4: [In consequence of a misplacement in some copies of the K, several meanings belonging to طَلَقٌ are assigned to طِلْقٌ.]

A2: See also طَلَقٌ, latter half.

طَلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: Also the subst. from طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ: (Az, S, TA: [see 1, second sentence:]) and [as such] signifying The journeying [of camels] during the night to arrive at the water in the next night, there being two nights between them and the water; the first of which nights is termed الطَّلَقُ [or لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ (see حَوْزٌ)]; the pastor loosing them to repair to the water, [in the CK يَجْلِبُها is put for يُخَلِّيهَا,] and leaving them to pasture while going thither: the camels after the driving, during the first night, are said to be ↓ طَوَالِقُ; and in the second night, قَوَارِبُ: (S, O, K, TA:) or الطَّلَقُ signifies the first of two days intervening between the camels and the water; and القَرَبُ, the second: and لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ, the night in which the faces of the camels are turned towards the water and during which they are left to pasture; and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ, the second night: (As, TA:) but it has been said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means the second of the nights in which the camels repair to the water: Th says that الطَّلَقُ signifies the second of two days during which the camels seek the water when it is two days distant from them; and القَرَبُ, the first of those days: and it is said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means[the night of] the turning of the faces of the camels towards the water: but this explanation was not pleasing to ISd. (TA.) [See an ex. voce حَوْزٌ, in which it is used tropically.] b3: Also A heat; i. e. a single run, or run at once, to a goal, or limit; syn. شَوْطٌ; (S, IAth, O, Msb, K, TA;) meaning a running, of a horse, without restraining himself, [or without stopping,] to a goal, or limit: (Msb:) and the utmost extent to which a horse runs. (TA.) One says of a horse, عَدَا طَلَقًا or طَلَقَيْنِ [He ran a heat or two heats]. (S, O, Msb, K. [In the CK, erroneously, طَلْقًا and طَلْقَيْنِ.]) b4: And (hence, TA) (tropical:) A share, or portion, (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K, TA,) of property [&c.]. (A, TA.) A2: Also A shackle, or pair of shackles, (قَيْدٌ,) of skins: (S, M, O, K, TA:) or a rope strongly twisted, so that it will stand up. (TA.) b2: And sing. of أَطْلَاقٌ which signifies The [intestines into which the food passes from the stomach, termed the] أَمْعَآء, or the أَقْتَاب of the belly; (IDrd, O, K; * [in some copies of the last of which, القُنْبُ is erroneously put for القِتْبُ as one of the words explaining الطَّلَقُ;]) so in one or more of the dialects: AO says, in the belly are أَطْلَاق, of which the sing. is طَلَقٌ; (O, TA;) meaning the lines, or streaks, (طَرَائِق,) of the belly: and طَلَقُ البَطْنِ is also expl. [in like manner] as meaning the جُدَّة of the belly; pl. as above. (TA.) A3: Also The [plant called] شُبْرُم: [but what plant is meant by this is doubtful:] or a plant that is used in dyes: or this is a mistake: (K:) [or] accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, ↓ الطَّلْقُ is what is used in dyes; and is said to be the شُبْرُم: (O, TA: *) and (K) accord. to As, (O,) طَلَقٌ signifies a sort of medicament, (O, K,) which, when one is anointed therewith, (K,) i. e. with the extract thereof, (TA,) prevents the burning of fire: (K:) or a species of plant: so says As: (O:) the appellation by which it is generally known is ↓ طَلْق, with the ل quiescent; (O, K;) or this pronunciation is incorrect: (K:) and AHát mentions, (K, TA,) on the authority of As, (TA,) its being termed ↓ طِلْقٌ: (K, TA:) but it is not a plant: it is of the nature of stones, and of [what are termed] لِخَاف [thin white stones]; and probably he [referring to As] heard that it is called كَوْكَبُ الأَرْضِ, and therefore supposed it to be a plant; for if it were a plant, fire would burn it; but fire does not burn it, unless by means of artful contrivances: (O, TA:) the word is arabicized, from تَلَكْ: (K, TA: in the O written تِلك:) [it is the well-known mineral termed talc:] the Ra-ees [Ibn-Seenà, whom we call “ Avicenna,”] says, (TA,) it is a brightlyshining stone, that separates, when it is bruised, into several laminæ and split pieces, of which are made مَضَاوِى [correctly مَضَاوِئ, meaning small circular panes which are inserted in apertures to admit light,] for the [cupolas of] hot baths, instead of glass: the best is that of El-Yemen; then that of India; then that of El-Undulus [or El-Andalus]: the art employed in dissolving it consists in putting it into a piece of rag with some pebbles and immersing it in tepid water, then moving it about gently until it becomes dissolved and comes forth from the piece of rag into the water, whereupon the water is strained from it, and it is put in the sun to dry. (K, TA.) طَلِقٌ ذَلِقٌ: b2: and طَلِقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلَقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طُلَقٌ ذُلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلُقٌ, (S, O, Msb, TA,) with two dammehs, (Msb, TA,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K,) but this requires consideration, (TA,) Not shackled; applied to a she-camel, (S, O, Msb, TA,) and to a he-camel, (S, O, TA,) and to a person imprisoned; (O, TA;) as also ↓ طَالِقٌ applied to a she-camel; but طُلُقٌ is more common: (Aboo-Nasr, TA:) the pl. of طُلُقٌ is أَطْلَاقٌ. (S, TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] لِسَانٌ طُلُقٌ ذُلُقٌ: b3: and طُلُقُ اليَدَيْن: see طَلْقٌ again. b4: And طُلُقُ

إِحْدَى اَلقَوَائِمِ (assumed tropical:) A horse having one of the legs without [the whiteness termed] التَّحْجِيل. (S.) And طُلُقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (O,) or اليد اليمنى ↓ طُلْقُ, (K, [in this case again deviating from other authorities,]) (tropical:) A horse without تَحْجِيل in the right fore leg; (TA;) i. q. اليد اليمنى ↓ مُطْلَقُ. (O, K, TA.) And اليَدَيْنِ ↓ مُطْلَقَ (assumed tropical:) A horse having the fore legs free from تحجيل. (Msb.) b5: [As an صِفَةٌ">epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] طُلُقٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, O,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K, [but this, as in the instances above, is questionable,]) signifies (assumed tropical:) A gazelle: (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K:) so called because of the quickness of its running: (O, * TA:) pl. أَطْلَاقٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) A dog of the chase: (K:) because he is let loose; or because of the quickness of his running at the chase: (TA:) أَطْلَاقٌ is mentioned by Ibn-' Abbád as signifying dogs of the chase. (O.) طَلْقَةٌ [A single divorce: used in this sense in law-books]. (T and Msb in art. بت, &c.) طُلَقَةٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَلَاقٌ is the inf. n. of طَلَقَت said of a woman: (Th, S, Mgh, O, K:) or the subst. therefrom: (Msb:) or [rather] it is also a subst. in the sense of تَطْلِيقٌ; (Mgh;) [whence,] طَلَاقُ المَرْأَةِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The letting the wife go her way: (Lth, O:) and it has two meanings: one is [the divorcing of the woman; i. e.] the dissolving of the wife's marriage-tie: and the other is the leaving, and dismissing, of the wife [either in an absolute sense or as is done by a single sentence of divorce]. (O, TA.) Some of the lawyers hold that the free woman whose husband is a slave is not separated but by three [sentences, as is the case when both husband and wife are free]; and the female slave whose husband is free, by two: some, that the wife in the former case is separated by two [sentences]; and in the latter case, by not less than three: and some, that when the husband is a slave and the wife is free, or the reverse, or when both are slaves, the wife is separated by two [sentences]. (TA.) طَلِيقٌ A captive having his bond loosed from him, (S, O, K, TA,) and let go. (TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: And (assumed tropical:) A man freed from slavery; emancipated; i. q. عَتِيقٌ; i. e. who has become free: pl. طُلَقَآءُ. (TA.) b3: It is said in a trad., الطُّلَقَآءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَالعُتَقَآءُ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ (assumed tropical:) [The طُلَقَآء are of Kureysh; and the عُتَقَآء, of Thakeef]: الطلقاء being app. applied to Kureysh as it has a more special signification than العتقاء: but accord. to Th, الطُّلَقَآءُ signifies those who have been brought within the pale of El-Islám against their will. (TA.) b4: طَلِيقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طَلِيقٌ ذَلِيقٌ: b5: and طَلِيقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b6: and طَلِيقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ again; the last in two places. b7: طَلِيقُ الإِلٰهِ means (tropical:) The wind. (O, K, TA.) طَلَّاقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طِلِّيقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَالِقٌ A she-camel not having having her fore shank and her arm bound together: (TA:) or not having upon her a خِطَام [or halter]: (IDrd, O, K:) or repairing to the water; and so ↓ مِطْلَاقٌ; (Aboo-Nasr, K, TA;) of which latter she pl. is مَطَالِيقُ: (TA:) or that is left a day and a night and then milked: (K:) pl. طَوَالِقُ and أَطْلَاقٌ and طَلَقَةٌ; which last is expl. by AA as meaning she-camels that are milked in the place of pasturing. (TA.) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence: and for an explanation of the pl. طَوَالِقُ applied to camels, see طَلَقٌ, second sentence. Also (O), طَالِقٌ, (S, O,) or طَالِقَةٌ, (K,) signifies A she-camel which the pastor leaves for himself, not milking her at the water: (S, O, K:) the former is expl. by Esh-Sheybánee as meaning one which the pastor leaves [with her udder bound] with her صِرَار, not milking her in the place where she lies down to rest: (TA:) or the latter signifies, (Lth, O, K,) and the former also, (Lth, O,) a she-camel that is set loose among the tribe to pasture where she will in any part of the tract adjacent to their place of alighting or abode, (Lth, O, K, [من جِنانِهِمْ in the CK being erroneously put for مِنْ جَنَابِهِمْ,]) that has not her fore shank and her arm bound together when she returns in the afternoon or evening, nor is turned away [from the others] in the place of pasturage: (Lth, O:) or طَالِقٌ signifies a she-camel, (S, Msb,) and a ewe, (S,) that is set loose, or dismissed, to pasture where she will: (S, Msb:) and also as first expl. in this sentence: (S:) it is mentioned by ElFárábee as signifying a ewe left to pasture by herself, alone. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] طَالِقٌ and طَالِقَةٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former, without ة, used by all, (Msb,) the latter occurring in a verse of El-Aashà, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb,) ending a hemistich, and pronounced طَالِقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, [which cite the verse somewhat differently,]) (tropical:) A woman [divorced, or] left to go her way, (S, * Mgh, * O, Msb, *) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]: (S, * Mgh, * Mgh, * K, TA:) both mentioned by Akh: (O, TA:) accord. to IAmb, one says طَالِقٌ only, because it applies only to a female: accord. to Lth and IF, طَالِقَةٌ means طَالِقَةٌ غَدًا [divorced, &c., to-morrow]; and Lth adds that it is thus to accord with its verb, طَلَقَتْ: some, however, say that the ه is affixed in the verse of El-Aashà by poetic license, to complete the hemistich; but an Arab of the desert, in reciting this verse to As, is related to have said طَالِقٌ [which equally completes the hemistich]: and the Basrees hold that the sign of the fem. gender is elided in طَالِقٌ because it is a possessive صِفَةٌ">epithet, meaning ذَاتُ طَلَاقٍ [having divorce]. (Msb.) b3: أُوْجُهٌ طَوَالِقُ: b4: and لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ and لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ: see طَلْقٌ, latter half.

طُتَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِطِّلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 8.

تُطَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِسْتِطْلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 10.

مُطْلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] يَدُهُ مُطْلَقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ again, former half. b3: See also مَآءٌ مُطْلَقٌ طِلْقٌ. means (assumed tropical:) Water that is unrestricted. (TA.) And حُكْمٌ مُطْلَقٌ means (assumed tropical:) [A judicial decision, or an ordinance or the like, or a rule, that is unrestricted, or absolute, or] in which is no exception. (TA.) b4: مُطْلَقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى: and مُطْلَقَ اليَدَيْنِ: each applied to a horse: see طُلُقٌ.

A2: [Golius, as on the authority of Meyd, explains it as signifying also A place where horses meet to be sent forth to run, or race: but what here next follows inclines me to think that it may be correctly مُطَلَّقٌ.]

مُطَلِّقٌ One desiring to outstrip with his horse in a race. (K.) مِطْلَاقٌ: see طَالِقٌ.

A2: Also, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ مِطْلِيقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طُلَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ طِلِّيقٌ, (K,) and ↓ طَلَّاقٌ, this last mentioned by Z, (TA,) (tropical:) One who oftentimes divorces, or dismisses, wives. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) مِطْلِيقٌ: see what next precedes.

مَطْلُوقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ. b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ مَطْلُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman taken with the pains of parturition. (Mgh, Msb.) مُطَيْلِقٌ and مُطَيْلِيقٌ dims. of مُنْطَلِقٌ. (S.) مُتَطَلَِّقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

مُنْطَلِقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

نُطَيْلِيقٌ: dim. of اِنْطِلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 7.

بكم

1 بَكِمَ aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بَكَمٌ, (S, K,) He was أَخْرَسٌ [meaning dumb, either by natural conformation or from inability to find words to express what he would say]; (S, Msb, K; *) بَكَمٌ being syn. with خَرَسٌ, as is also بَكَامَةٌ [accord. to rule an inf. n. of بَكُمَ, which may also have the same signification as بَكِمَ, as well as another to be explained below]: (K:) or he had not understanding to reply, (T, Msb, TA,) nor ability to frame speech well, (T, TA,) though possessing the faculty of speech: [see أَبْكَمُ:] (T, Msb, TA:) or he was dumb, and moreover unable to find words to express what he would say, and weak in understanding, silly, or stupid: (K:) or he was dumb and deaf and blind by birth. (Th, K.) b2: بَكُمَ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. بَكَامَةٌ, TK,) He refrained, (Lth, K) or, as some say, broke off, or ceased, (TA,) from speaking, intentionally, (Lth, K, TA,) or from ignorance. (Lth, TA.) b3: (tropical:) He cut himself off, or desisted, from marriage, or sexual intercourse, either from ignorance or intentionally. (K, TA.) 5 تبكّم عَلَيْهِ الكَلَامُ His speech was, or became, impeded; he was unable to speak freely. (A, K.) بَكِيمٌ: see what follows, in two places.

أَبْكَمٌ (T, S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ بَكِيمٌ (S, K) i. q. أَخْرَسُ [meaning Dumb, either by natural conformation or from inability to find words to express what he would say]: (S, Msb, K:) or not having understanding to reply, (IAar, T, Msb, TA,) nor ability to frame speech well, (T, TA,) though possessing the faculty of speech; whereas اخرس signifies speechless, or destitute of the faculty of speech, by natural conformation, (T, Msb, TA,) like the beast that lacks the faculty of articulation; (T, TA;) unable to find words to express what he would say; unable to reply: (Az, TA:) or dumb by natural conformation: (IAth, TA:) fem. بَكْمَآءُ: (TA:) pl. بُكْمٌ (Msb, K) and بُكْمَانٌ, (K,) both pls. of أَبْكَمُ, like as صُمٌّ and صُمَّانٌ are pls. of أَصَمُّ; and the pl. of ↓ بَكِيمٌ is أَبْكَامٌ. (TA.) In the Kur ii. 166, بُكْمٌ means persons in the condition of him who has been born dumb: or, as some say, deprived of their intellects: (Zj, TA:) or ignorant and ignoble; because not profiting much by the faculty of speech, so that they are as though they had been deprived of it. (IAth, TA.) The phrase فِتْنَةٌ صَمَّآءُ بَكْمَآءُ عَمْيَآءُ, occurring in a trad., [lit.] meaning [A sedition, or the like,] deaf, dumb, blind, applies to a فتنة that does not withdraw, or become removed: or, as some say, to one which, by reason of the confusion attending it, and the perishing of the sound and the sick therein, is likened to the deaf and dumb and blind who does not pursue the right course to a thing, but goes at random like the weak-sighted she-camel. (TA.)

بطن

1 بَطُنَ, aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. بَطَانَةٌ, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, big, or large, in the belly, (K, TA,) in consequence of much eating. (TA.) b2: And بَطِنَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَطَنٌ, He (a man) was, or became, big, or large, in the belly, in consequence of satiety, (S, TA,) and disordered therein: (TA:) he was, or became, in a state of repletion, or much filled with food. (TA.) b3: b4: And [hence,] بَطِنَ signifies also (tropical:) i. q. أَشِرَ and بَطِرَ [He exulted, or exulted greatly, or excessively, and behaved insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: &c.]. (TA.) b5: بُطِنَ He (a man, S, TA) had a complaint of, or a disease in, or a pain in, his belly. (S, Msb, TA.) A2: بَطَنَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S, TA,) inf. n. بَطْنٌ, (TA,) He struck, or beat, his belly; as also بَطَنَ لَهُ, (S, K,) accord. to some, or the ل is added [only] in verse; (S;) and ↓ بطّنهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَبْطِينٌ. (TA.) b2: It (a disease) entered into him: [as though it penetrated into his belly: see 10:] in this sense it has for its inf. n. بُطُونٌ. (TA.) And بَطَنَتْ بِهِ الحُمَّى The fever produced an effect within him. (TA.) b3: He entered into it; namely, a valley; (S, TA;) in which sense it has for its inf. n. بَطْنٌ; and ↓ تبطّنهُ signifies the same: or the latter, he went about in it; namely, the valley; as also ↓ استبطنهُ. (TA.) b4: (tropical:) [He penetrated into it mentally;] he knew it; (Msb, K, TA;) namely, the news or story, or the state or case, of another: (K, TA:) (tropical:) he knew the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances thereof; (S, Msb, TA;) i. e., of a case, or an affair; (S, TA;) as also ↓ استبطنهُ: (K, A, TA:) and ↓ تبطّنهُ (assumed tropical:) he entered into it so that he knew its inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances. (Ham p. 688.) b5: بَطَنَ بِفُلَانٍ, accord. to the S and M, but in the K مِنْ فُلَانٍ, (TA,) (tropical:) He became one of his particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates, (S, K, TA,) entering into his affair [or affairs]: (TA:) or بَطَنَ بِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُطُونٌ and بَطَانَةٌ, means (assumed tropical:) he entered into his affair [or affairs]. (TA.) b6: And بَطَنَ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ said of a thing, (Msb,) It was, or became, unapparent, hidden, concealed, or covert; (K, TA;) contr. of ظَهَرَ. (Msb.) b7: See also 4.2 بطّنهُ, inf. n. تَبْطِينٌ: see 1. b2: See also 4. b3: He put a بِطَانَة, i. e. a lining, to it; namely, a garment, or piece of cloth; (S, K;) as also ↓ ابطنهُ. (K.) b4: بطّن لِحَيَتَهُ, inf. n. as above, He took, or cut off, from that part of his beard which was beneath the chin and lower jaw. (Sh, Nh, TA.) Accord. to the copies of the K, تَبْطِينُ اللِّحْيَةِ signifies the not doing so: but this is wrong. (TA.) 3 بَاطَنْتُ صَاحِبِى i. q. شددته [app. a mistranscription for شَاوَرْتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) I consulted with my companion in order to know what was in his mind]. (TA.) 4 ابطن البَعِيرَ, (IAar, S, K,) inf. n. إِبْطَانٌ, (S,) He bound, or made fast, the camel's بِطَان [or belly-girth]; (S, K;) as also ↓ بطّنهُ, accord. to the copies of the K; but this is a mistake for ↓ بَطَنَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَطْنٌ; which last verb, however, though said by Az to be a dial. var., is disallowed by IAar and by AHeyth. (TA.) b2: أَبْطَنْتُ السِّيْفَ كَشْحِى (S, TA) I put the sword beneath my waist. (TA.) And ابطن كَشْحَهُ سَيْفَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his sword to be his ↓ بِطَانَة [app. meaning his secret companion]. (TA.) [This seems to be from the phrase next following.] b3: أَبْطَنْتُ الرَّجُلَ (assumed tropical:) I made the man to be one of my particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates; (S, TA; *) took him as a بِطَانَة. (TA.) One says also, فُلَانًا دُونَكَ ↓ اِسْتَبْطَنْتُ (Ham p. 688; [there rendered by خامصته, app. a mistranscription for خَصَصْتُهُ; meaning (assumed tropical:) I took, or chose, such a one particularly, or specially, for my companion, in preference to thee: it is said in explanation of the phrase مُسْتَبْطِنًا سَيْفِى, which seems to mean (assumed tropical:) taking my sword as my special companion, or putting it beneath my waist; so that سَيْفَهُ ↓ استبطن is similar to one, or both, of two phrases mentioned above in this paragraph.]) b4: See also 2.5 تبطّن He filled the [meaning his] belly. (Har p. 176.) b2: تبطّن جَارِيَةً (Sh, S, TA) He made his بَطْن to be in contact with that of a girl, skin to skin: (Sh, TA:) or inivit puellam; i. e. أَوْلَحَ ذَكَرَهُ فِيهَا. (TA.) b3: تبطّن الكَلَأَ He was, or became, in the middle, or midst, of the herbage: (TA:) or he went round about in the herbage. (S.) See also 1, in two places.6 تباطن It (a place) was far-extending; one part thereof being remote from another. (TA.) 8 اِبْتَطَنْتُ النَّاقَةَ عَشَرَةَ أَبْطُنٍ I assisted the she-camel in bringing forth, or delivered her of her young, ten times. (S, TA. [Golius and Freytag render the verb by “ ventre enixa fuit: ” and the former renders the phrase above (incorrectly printed in his Lex.) by “ peperit camela decem vicibus. ”]) 10 استبطن الفَرَسَ He sought to find what young was in the belly of the mare. (TA.) b2: استبطن الفَحْلُ الشُّوَّلَ The stallion covered the she-camels raising their tails, so that they conceived, or received his seed into their wombs; as though [meaning] he deposited his seed in their bellies. (TA.) b3: استبطنهُ He, or it, entered [or penetrated] into his, or its, belly, or interior; [or was, or became, or lay, within it;] like as the vein enters [or penetrates] into [or lies within] (يَسْتَبْطِنُ) the flesh. (A, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْطَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ [I entered, or penetrated, into the thing, whether actually or mentally]. (S.) See 1, in two places. b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: اِسْتِبْطَانٌ also signifies The having, or holding, [a thing] concealed within. (PS.) [This explanation seems to be given to show that, in the opinion of the author of the PS, اِسْتَبْطَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ in the S means I had, or held, the thing concealed within.]

بَطْنٌ The belly, or abdomen; i. e. the part of the body which is separated from the جَوْف [i. e. chest, or thorax,] by the حِجَاب [i. e. midriff, or diaphragm]; containing the liver and the spleen and the stomach and the lower intestines &c.; (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ” [in which it is erroneously said to comprise also the lungs;]) contr. of ظَهْرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) of a man and of any animal: (TA:) of the masc. gender, (S, K,) and, accord. to AO, fem. also: (AHát, S:) pl. أَبْطُنٌ and بُطُونٌ (Az, Msb, K) and بُطْنَانٌ; (K;) the first a pl. of pauc.; and the second [as also the third] a pl. of mult., applied to more than ten. (Az, TA.) [Hence,] ذُو البَطْنِ [What is in the belly: but generally meaning] excrement, ordure, or dung. (K, TA.) You say, أَلْقَى ذَا بَطْنِهِ He (a man) ejected his excrement, or ordure. (TA.) and أَلْقَتْ ذَا بَطْنِهَا She (a woman, TA) brought forth; (K;) as also وَضَعَتْ ذَاتَ بَطْنِهَا: (TA in art. ذو:) and she (a hen) laid an egg. (K.) And نَثَرَتْ ذَا بَطْنِهَا, (T and Mgh in art. نثر,) and [elliptically]

نَثَرَتْ بَطْنَهَا, (T and A and Mgh in that art.,) She (a woman) brought forth many children. (T in that art.) And it is said in a prov., (TA,) الذِّئْبُ يُغْبَطُ بِذِى بَطْنِهِ [The wolf is envied for what is in his belly]: for one never thinks him to be hungry, but only thinks him to be in a state of repletion, because of his hostility to men and cattle, (A'Obeyd, K,) though he is sometimes distressed by hunger. (A'Obeyd. [See various readings of this prov. in Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 500 and 501.]) مَاتَتْ فِى بَطْنٍ, a phrase occurring in a trad., means She (a woman) died in childbirth. (TA.) See also فُلَانٌ ابْنُ بَطْنِهِ. بَطَنٌ. means (assumed tropical:) Such a one is solicitous for his belly. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. بنى.) [Many phrases in which the word بَطْن occurs will be found explained under other words of those phrases; as ظَهْرٌ, and أَخَذَ, and عُصْفُورٌ, &c.] بَطْنُ الحُوتِ: see الرِّشَآءُ. b2: Also The inside, or interior, of anything; syn. جَوْفٌ: and so ↓ بَاطِنٌ; syn. دَاخِلٌ: (K:) pl. of the former as above. (TA.) Thus بَطْنُ وَادٍ means The interior of a water-course or riverbed [or valley; i. e. its bottom, in which flows, occasionally or constantly, its torrent or river]. (MA.) And بَطْنُ مَكَّةَ means The interior of Mekkeh. (Bd in xlviii. 24.) [Hence,] it is said of the Kur-án, لِكُلِّ آيَةٍ مِنْهَا ظَهْرٌ وَ بَطْنٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) To every verse thereof is an apparent sense and a sense requiring development. (TA.) [See ظَهْرٌ.] See also بَاطِنٌ. [And its pl. بُطْنَانٌ is also used as a sing., meaning The middle, or midst, of a thing: and the lower, or lowest, part, or the foundation. Thus,] بُطْنَانُ الجَنَّةِ means The middle, or midst, of Paradise: (S, TA:) and بُطْنَانُ العَرْشِ, The lower, or lowest, part, or the foundation, of the عرش [vulgarly held to be the throne of God]. (TA.) You say also [بَطْنُ الكَفِّ and] الكَفِّ ↓ بَاطِنُ (assumed tropical:) The palm of the hand [opposed to ظَهْرُهَا and ظَاهِرُهَا]: and [بَطْنُ القَدَمِ and]

القَدَمِ ↓ بَاطِنُ (assumed tropical:) The sole of the foot [likewise opposed to ظَهْرُهَا and ظَاهِرُهَا]: (Zj in his “ Khalk-el-Insán: ”) and بَطْنُ الحَافِرُ (S in art. نسر) and الحَافِرِ ↓ بَاطِنُ (M and K in that art.) (assumed tropical:) [The sole of the solid hoof;] the part of the solid hoof in which is the نَسْر, q. v. (S and M and K in that art.) بَطْنُ الرَّاحَةِ is well known [as another name for بَطْنُ الكَفِّ, explained above; for الرَّاحَة is often used as syn. with الكَفّ]: and الخُفِّ ↓ بَاطِنُ is [said to be] (assumed tropical:) The part of the foot of a camel or the like that is next the leg: and one says, ↓ بَاطِنُ الإِبْطِ, [meaning (assumed tropical:) The armpit, or hollow of the inner side of the shoulder-joint,] but not بَطْنُ الإِبْطِ: (TA:) [and العُنُقِ ↓ بَاطِنُ the throat.] The بَطْن of a feather is (tropical:) The long, (S,) or longer, (K,) [or wider, i. e. inner,] lateral half: pl. بُطْنَانٌ; (S, K, TA;) which is explained as signifying the parts beneath the shaft: opposed to ظُهْرَانٌ, pl. of ظَهْرٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: Also A low, or depressed, tract, or portion, of land, or ground; (S, TA;) and so ↓ بَاطِنٌ: (TA:) [or a bottom, or low land; or a low, soft flat; i. e.] soft, plain, fine, low land or ground; opposed to ظَهْرٌ [q. v.]: (TA in art. ظهر:) pl. of the former, (S,) or of the latter, (K,) بُطْنَانٌ, (S, K,) a pl. of mult., (TA,) and أَبْطِنَةٌ, (K,) a pl. of pauc., and anomalous [as pl. of either]: (TA:) the former pl., in relation to land, is also used as a sing., like بَطْنٌ: (AHn, TA:) and accord. to ISh, بُطْنَانُ الأَرْضِ signifies the low, or depressed, tract, or tracts, of land, of the plain, or soft, parts thereof, and of the rugged, and of the meadows, where water rests and stagnates: and such tracts are also called بَوَاطِنُ and بُطُونٌ. (TA.) b4: بَطْنُ السَّمَآءِ and ظَهْرُ السَّمَآءِ both signify (assumed tropical:) The apparent, visible, part of the sky. (Fr, T voce ظَهْرٌ [q. v.].) A2: Also (tropical:) A tribe below that which is termed قَبِيلَة: (S, Msb, K, TA:) or next below the عِمَارَة: (S and TA voce شَعْبٌ, &c.:) or below the فَخِذ and above the عمارة: (K: [but for this I have found no other authority:]) of the masc. gender: (TA:) or [properly] fem.: but if حَيٌّ [said by some to signify a tribe, absolutely,] be meant thereby, it is masc.: (Msb:) or fem. if used in the sense of قَبِيلَة: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْطُنٌ and [of mult.]

بُطُونٌ. (Msb, K.) [See شَعْبٌ.]

بَطَنٌ Disease of the belly, (K, TA,) being a state of enlargement thereof arising from satiety; and so ↓ بَطْنٌ; whence the phrase مَاتَ بِالبَطْنِ He died by the disease of the belly. (TA.) بَطَنٌ One whose object of care, or anxiety, is his belly: (K:) or who has an inordinate desire, or appetite, for food; (S;) whom nothing causes care, or anxiety, but his belly; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مِبْطَانٌ: (TA:) or the former, (TA,) or ↓ the latter, (S,) ever large, or big, in the belly in consequence of much eating: (S, TA:) or ↓ both signify voracious; not ceasing from eating. (K.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) One who exults, or exults greatly, or excessively, and behaves insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: (TA:) or who does so, being abundant in wealth. (K, TA.) بِطْنَةٌ Repletion; the state of being much filled with food (S, K) and drink. (So in a copy of the S.) It is said in a prov., البِطْنَةُ تُذْهِبُ الفِطْنَةَ [Repletion banishes intelligence]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) Exultation, or great or excessive exultation, and insolent and unthankful, or ungrateful, behaviour. (K, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ بِبِطْنَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one died with his wealth complete, not having expended, or dispensed, anything thereof: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, this prov. relates to religion, and means (assumed tropical:) he went forth from the present world in a state of integrity, without any infringement of his religion. (TA.) [See also تَغَضْغَضَ, in two places.] [Hence also,] نَزَّتْ بِهِ البَطِنَةُ (assumed tropical:) Richness caused him to exult, or exult greatly, or excessively, and to behave insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully. (TA.) البَطِنَةُ i. q. الدُّبُرُ [The back, hinder part, posteriors, &c.]. (TA.) b2: بَطِنَاتُ الوَادِى The roads, or beaten tracks, of the valley. (TA.) بِطَانٌ [The belly-girth of a camel: or] the girth of the [kind of saddle called] قَتَب, (S, K,) which is put beneath the belly of the camel, and is like the تَصْدِير to the رَحْل: (S:) or the girth of the [saddle called] رَحْل: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَبْطِنَةٌ and [of mult.] بُطْنٌ. (K.) [Hence,] اِلْتَقَتْ حَلْقَتَا البِطَانِ [The two rings of the belly-girth met]: said of a case, or an affair, that has become severe, strait, or distressing. (S.) And رَجُلٌ عَرِيضُ البِطَانِ (tropical:) A man in ample and easy circumstances; or in an easy, or a pleasant, state or condition; or easy, or unstraitened, in mind. (K, TA. [See also art. عرض.]) And مَاتَ فُلَانٌ وَهُوَ عَرِيضُ البِطَانِ, meaning, accord. to A'Obeyd, (assumed tropical:) Such a one died broad in the fleshy parts (المَلَاحِم); nothing of him having gone. (TA. [But this seems to be said of a man's dying in a state of opulence: see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 601.]) بَطِينٌ, applied to a man, (K,) Big, or large, in the belly; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِبْطَانٌ: the former occurs, in a description of 'Alee, used as an صِفَةٌ">epithet of praise: and signifies also big, or large, in the belly in consequence of much eating: and having the belly full; as also ↓ the latter: pl. of the former بِطَانٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, (tropical:) Full; applied to a purse [&c.]. (TA.) You say رَجُلٌ بَطِينُ الكُرْزِ (assumed tropical:) [lit. A man having the pair of provision-bags full]; meaning (assumed tropical:) a man who conceals his travel-ling-provision in a journey, and eats that of his companion. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Far; far-extending. (S, K, TA.) So in the phrase شَأْوٌ بَطِينٌ (assumed tropical:) [A farextending heat, or single run to a goal or limit], (S, TA,) and شَوْطٌ بَطِينٌ [signifying the same]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Wide, and low, or depressed; applied to a tract of land or ground. (Ham p. 506.) البُطَيْنُ One of the Mansions of the Moon; (S, K;) namely, the Second; (Kzw, &c.;) three small stars [e and p and n], (S, K,) disposed in the form of an equilateral triangle, (S,) as though they were three stones whereon a cooking-pot is placed, and forming the belly of the Ram; (S, K;) the appellation being made a diminutive because the Ram consists of many stars in the form of a ram; [so I here render حَمَل though it properly signifies a lamb;] the شَزَطَانِ being its two horns; and the بُطَيْن, its belly; [or, accord. to our configuration of Aries, the rump;] and the ثُرَيَّا, its rump, or tail; (S;) three obscure stars, forming the points of a triangle, in the belly of the Ram, between the شَرَطَانِ and the ثُرَيَّا; (Kzw, Mir-át ez-Zemán, &c.;) the three stars of which two are on the tail and one on the thigh of the Ram, forming an equilateral triangle. (Kzw in his description of Aries.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] The Arabs assert that it has no نَوْء

[here meaning effect upon the weather], except wind. (TA.) بِطَانَةٌ The lining, or inner covering, of a garment, or piece of cloth [&c.]; contr. of ظِهَارَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ بَاطِنَةٌ: (JK in art. ظهر:) pl. of the former بَطَائنُ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A secret (K, TA) that a man conceals. (TA.) One says, هُوَ ذُو بِطَانَةٍ بِفُلَانٍ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) He is one who possesses knowledge of the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of the case, or affair, of such a one. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) A particular, or special, intimate, friend, or associate; (S, K, TA;) one who is particularly distinguished by entering into, and becoming acquainted with, the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of one's case or affair; (TA;) an intimate and familiar friend or associate; (Zj, TA;) a confidential friend, who is consulted respecting one's circumstances: (TA:) it is from the same word in the sense first explained above, relating to a garment, or piece of cloth: (Mgh, Er-Rághib:) and is used in a pl. sense, as meaning intimate and familiar friends or associates, to whom one is open, or unreserved, in conversation, and who know the inward state or circumstances [of one's case or affair]: (Zj, TA:) or one's family; and one's particular, or special, intimates, friends, or associates. (Mgh.) You say, هُوَ بِطَانَتِى (tropical:) [He is my particular, or special, intimate, &c.]: and هُمْ بِطَانَتِى and أَهْلُ بِطَانَتِى (tropical:) [They are my particular, or special, intimates, &c.]. (A, TA.) See also 4. b4: Coupled with عَلَاوَة, it signifies What is put beneath [the things that compose the main load of a camel], such as a water-skin and the like. (TA.) b5: See also بَاطِنَةٌ.

بَاطِنٌ Unapparent; hidden; concealed; covert: (K, TA:) [and inward; inner; interior; internal; intrinsic; esoteric: in all these senses] contr. of ظَاهِرٌ. (Msb, TA.) b2: بَاطِنُ أَمْرٍ [The inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances, of a case or an affair]; (TA, &c.;) [and so أَمْرٍ ↓ بَطْنُ; whence the phrases,] أَفْرَشَنِى ظَهْرَ أَمْرِهِ وَبَطْنَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He displayed, or laid open, to me the outward state or circumstances of his case or affair, and the inward state or circumstances thereof]; and هُوَ مُجَرِّبٌ بَطْنَ الأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) [He is one who possesses experience of the inward, or intrinsic, state or circumstances of affairs], as though he hit their bellies by his knowledge of their true, or real, states or circumstances. (TA.) b3: البَاطِنُ [The internal, inward, or intrinsic, state, condition, character, or circumstances, of a man: and the heart, meaning the secret thoughts; the recesses of the mind; the state of mind; the inward, or secret, disposition of the mind: opposed to الظَّاهِرُ. b4: Also,] an صِفَةٌ">epithet applied to God, meaning He who knows the inward, or intrinsic, states or circumstances of things: (S:) or He who knows the secret and hidden things: or He who is veiled from the eyes and imaginations of created beings. (TA.) b5: [بَاطِنًا Covertly; secretly.] b6: See also بَاطِنَةٌ, in eight places. b7: بِطَانَةٌ also signifies A water-course, or place in which water flows, in rugged ground: pl. بُطْنَانٌ (K) and بُطْنٌ. (TA.) بَاطِنَةٌ: see بِطَانَةٌ. b2: Also The middle, and the retired part, of a كُورَة [i. e. province, or district, or city]: in the copies of the K erroneously written ↓ بِطَانَة, and explained as meaning the “ middle of a كورة. ” (TA.) الأَبْطَنُ A certain vein in the interior of the arm of the horse; one of two veins which are called الأَبْطَنَانِ: (S:) accord. to AO, these are two veins that penetrate into the interior of the arm until they become hidden among the sinews of the shank. (TA.) مُبَطَّنٌ, applied to a man, Lank in the belly: (S, K, TA:) fem. with ة. (S.) b2: Applied to a horse, White in the back and belly. (K.) b3: Lined; having a بِطَانَة put to it. (TA.) مِبْطَانٌ: see بَطِينٌ, in two places: and see بَطِنٌ, in three places.

مَبْطُونٌ Having a complaint of, or a disease in, or a pain in, his belly: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) one who dies of disease of his belly, as dropsy and the like: such is reckoned a martyr. (TA.)

ضلع

1 ضَلَعَ, aor. ـَ (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. ضَلْعٌ, (S, O, Msb,) It, or (assumed tropical:) he, inclined, or declined: (S, O, K:) it, or (assumed tropical:) he, declined, or deviated, from that which was right, or true: (S, O, Msb, K:) (assumed tropical:) he acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically. (S, * O, * K.) You say, ضَلَعَ عَنْهُ (tropical:) He deviated, or turned away, from him, or it; or he did so, acting wrongfully, &c.: and ضَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) he acted wrongfully, &c., against him. (TA.) And ضَلْعُكَ مَعَ فُلَانٍ (S, O, Msb, * K *) (assumed tropical:) Thy inclining, (S, O, Msb, K,) and thy love, or desire, (S, O,) is with such a one [i. e. in unison with that of such a one]. (S, O, Msb, * K: * in the Msb and K, مَعَهُ is put in the place of مَعَ فُلَانٍ.) And لَا تَنْقُشِ الشَّوْكَةَ بِالشَّوْكَةِ فَإِنَّ ضَلْعَهَا مَعَهَا, (S, O, K,) or بِمِثْلِهَا [in the place of بالشوكة], (Meyd,) [lit. Extract not thou the thorn by means of the thorn, or by means of the like of it, for its inclination is with it,] meaning, demand not aid, in the case of thy want, of him who is more benevolent to the person from whom the object of want is sought than he is to thee: (Meyd:) a prov.: (S, Meyd, O:) applied to the man who contends in an altercation with another, and says, “Appoint thou between me and thee such a one; ” pointing to a man who loves what he [i. e. the opponent of the speaker] loves: (S, O, K:) the author of the K adds, it is said that it should by rule be ضَلَعَكَ, for they say ضَلِعَ مَعَ فُلَانٍ, like فَرِحَ, [as though meaning he inclined with such a one,] but they have contracted it; which is wonderful, in consideration with his having mentioned shortly before, ضَلَعَ, like مَنَعَ, as signifying مَالَ. (TA.) One says also, خَاصَمْتُ فُلَانًا فَكَانَ ضَلْعُكَ عَلَىَّ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [I contended in an altercation with such a one and] thy inclining [was against me]. (S, O.) b2: ضَلِعَ, aor. ـَ (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. ضَلَعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) meansIt (a sword, K, or a thing, Msb) was, or became, crooked, or curved: (Mgh, Msb, K:) and ↓ تضلّع may mean the same: (Ham p. 80:) a poet says, (namely, Mohammad Ibn-'Abd-Allah El-Azdee, TA,) وَقَدْ يَحْمِلُ السَّيْفَ المُجَرَّبَ رَبُّهُ عَلَى ضَلَعٍ فِى مَتْنِهِ وَهْوَ قَاطِعُ [And verily, or sometimes, or often, its owner bears the tried sword, notwithstanding crookedness in its broad side, it being sharp]: (S, O:) and (K) ضَلَعٌ signifies the being crooked, or curved, by nature; (S, O, K;) as also ضَلْعٌ; whence the saying, لَأُقِيمَنَّ ضَلَعَكَ and ضَلْعَكَ [I will assuredly straighten thy natural crookedness]: (K:) thus in the copies of the K; but this is a mistake, occasioned by the author's seeing in the T and M لَأُقِيمَنَّ ضَلَعَكَ and صَلَعَكَ meaning عَوَجَكَ, and his imagining both these nouns to be with ض and to differ in the manner stated above: (TA:) you say, ضَلِعَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. ضَلَعٌ i. e. he, or it, was, or became, crooked, or curved, by nature: (S, O:) or ضَلَعٌ in the camel is like غَمْزٌ in horses or the like, [meaning the limping, or halting, or having a slight lameness, in the hind leg,] and the verb is ضَلِعَ; and the صِفَةٌ">epithet [or part. n.] is ↓ ضَلِعٌ: (K:) or this is rather the explanation of ضَلْعٌ, with ظ; (TA;) [or as Mtr says,] ضَلْع as meaning what resembles عَرَجٌ [or natural lameness] is correctly ظَلْع: (Mgh:) but when it (i. e. the crookedness, TA) is not natural, one says, ضَلَعَ, like مَنَعَ, (K, TA,) [but this seems rather to relate to the meaning of “ limping,” agreeably with what I have cited above from the Mgh,] and the inf. n. is ضَلْعٌ: (TA:) and the صِفَةٌ">epithet [or part. n.] is ↓ ضَالِعٌ. (K.) A2: ضَلُعَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. ضَلَاعَةٌ, He (a man, S, O, Msb, [and app. also a horse and the like, see its part. n. ضَلِيعٌ,]) was, or became, strong, or powerful; (S, O, Msb, K;) and strong, hard, or firm, in the أَضْلَاع [or ribs]. (S, O, K. [The latter is said in Har p. 6 to be the primary meaning; and the former, metaphorical.]) A3: ضَلَعَ as syn. with تَضَلَّعَ: see the latter.

A4: ضَلَعَ فُلَانًا He struck such a one upon his ضِلَع [or rib]. (K.) 2 ضَلَّعَ see 4, in two places. b2: تَضْلِيعُ الأَعْمَالِ is said by some to mean (assumed tropical:) The making deeds to deviate from the right, or direct, way or course: and by some to mean (assumed tropical:) the making them heavy, or burdensome. (Har p. 77.) b3: تَضْلِيعُ الثَّوْبِ signifies The figuring the garment, or piece of cloth, with the form of أَضْلَاع [or ribs]. (S, O, K.) [See also the pass. part. n., below.]4 اضلعهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِضْلَاعٌ, (S, O,) It, or he, made it, or (assumed tropical:) him, to incline, or decline; (S, O, K;) [and so ↓ ضلّعهُ; for] الإِضْلَاعُ and التَّضْلِيعُ signify الإِمَالَةُ. (Har p. 77.) b2: [and It, or he, made it, or him, to be crooked, or curved; and so ↓ ضلّعهُ; for] الإِضْلَاعُ and التَّضْلِيعُ signify also التَّعْوِيجُ. (Har ubi suprà.) b3: [Hence,] one says also, أَضْلَعَتْهُ الخُطُوبُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Affairs, or great or grievous affairs,] burdened him [as though making him to incline, or curving him]. (TA.) A2: See also 8.5 تضلّع: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Also,] (S, O, K,) and ↓ ضَلَعَ, like مَنَعَ, (K,) said of a man, (S, O,) He became filled, (S, O, K,) or what was between his أَضْلَاع [or ribs] became filled, (TA,) with food, (S, O, K,) or drink: (S, O:) or with drink so that the water reached his أَضْلَاع, (K, TA,) and they became swollen out in consequence thereof: (TA in explanation of the former verb:) and the former verb is also expl. as meaning he drank much, so that his side and his ribs became stretched. (TA.) And تضلّع مِنَ الطَّعَامِ He became filled with the food; as though it filled his ribs. (Msb.) 8 الاِضْطِلَاعُ is from الضَّلَاعَةُ [inf. n. of ضَلُعَ] meaning “ the being strong, or powerful; ” (ISk, S, O, and Har p. 391;) الاِضْطِلَاعُ بِالشَّىْءِ signifying The raising the thing upon one's back, and rising with it, and having strength, or power, sufficient for it. (Har ibid.) And you say, اضطلع بِحَمْلِهِ, meaning He had strength, or power, to bear it, or carry it. (Mgh, and Har p. 645.) [See also the part. n., below.] and بِالأَمْرِ ↓ أَضْلَعَ (assumed tropical:) He had strength, or power, sufficient for the affair; as though his ribs had strength to bear it. (Msb.) ضَلْعٌ: see ضِلَعٌ, first sentence.

ضِلْعٌ: see ضِلَعٌ, first and last sentences.

ضَلَعٌ The weight, or burden, of debt, that bends the bearer thereof. (IAth, O, K.) And Strength, or power; (As, S, O, Msb, K;) a subst. in this sense, from ضَلُعَ; (Msb;) and the bearing, or endurance of that which is heavy, or burdensome. (As, S, O, K.) b2: Also inf. n. of ضَلِعَ [q. v.]. (Mgh, Msb, K.) ضَلِعٌ Crooked, or curved, by nature. (S, O, TA.) And applied to a spear as meaning Crooked, or curved; not straightened: (TA:) or, so applied, inclining, or bending: (Ham p. 80:) and ↓ ضَلِيعٌ and ↓ ضَالِعٌ, so applied, [likewise] mean crooked, or curved. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph.

ضِلَعٌ and ↓ ضِلْعٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former of the dial. of El-Hijáz and the latter of the dial. of Temeem, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ ضَلْعٌ, which is the only form, or almost the only one, that is used by the vulgar, is said by MF to be mentioned by some one or more of the commentators, but not known in the lexicons, (TA;) [A rib;] a certain appertenance of an animal, (Msb,) well known; (K;) the curved thing of the side; (TA;) a single bone of the bones of the side: (Mgh, Msb:) of the fem. gender, (Msb, K, TA,) accord. to common repute; or, as some say, masc.; or, accord. to some, whose opinion in this case is preferred by Ibn-Málik and others, of both genders: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] ضُلُوعٌ and [of pauc.] أَضْلَاعٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and أَضْلُعٌ, (O, Msb, K,) and أَضَالِعُ also is a pl. of ضِلَعٌ, or, as some say, of [its pl.] أَضْلُعٌ. (TA.) ضِلَعُ الخَلْفِ [and الخِلْفِ] is [The rib] in the lowest part of the side [of a man, i. e. the lowest rib; and the hindmost rib in a beast]: (TA:) and signifies also A burn in the part behind what is thus termed. (O, K, TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A piece of stick or wood; syn. عُودٌ; [erroneously supposed by Golius and Freytag to mean here the musical instrument thus called;] (IAar, O, K;) so in a saying of the Prophet to a woman, respecting a blood-stain on a garment, حُتِّيهِ بِضِلَعٍ (assumed tropical:) [Scrape thou it off with a piece of stick]: (IAar, O:) or (assumed tropical:) such as is wide and curved; as being likened to the ضِلَع (O, K) of an animal. (K.) b3: And (tropical:) An oblong piece of a melon; (O, * K, TA;) as being likened to the ضِلَع [properly thus called]. (O, TA.) b4: And (tropical:) A trap for birds; because of its gibbous shape: so in the saying, نَصَبَ ضِلَعًا لِلطَّيْرِ [He set up a trap for the birds]. (A, TA.) b5: And The base, or lower part, of a raceme of a palm-tree. (TA in art. عهن.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) A line that is made on the ground, after which another line is made, and then the space between these two is sown. (TA.) b7: And (assumed tropical:) A small mountain apart from others: (S, O, K:) or a small mountain, such as is not long: (TA:) or a low and narrow mountain, (Aboo-Nasr, S, O, K, TA,) long and extended: or, accord. to As, a small mountain, extending lengthwise upon the earth, not high. (TA.) and [the pl.] ضُلُوعٌ signifies (tropical:) Curved tracts of ground: or tracks (طَرَائِق) of a [piece of stony ground such as is termed] حَرَّة. (O, K, TA.) b8: Also (assumed tropical:) An island in the sea; pl. أَضْلَاعٌ: or, as some say, it is the name of a particular island. (TA.) b9: [In geometry, (assumed tropical:) A side of a rectilinear triangle or square or polygon. b10: And (assumed tropical:) A square root; called in arithmetic جَذْرٌ: see شَىْءٌ, near the end of the paragraph.] b11: One says also, هُمْ عَلَىَّ ضِلَعٌ جَائِرَةٌ, (S, A, O, K, in the last of which, between هم and علىّ is inserted كَذَا,) and ↓ ضِلْعٌ is allowable, (S, TA,) meaning (tropical:) They are assembled against me with hostility: (A, TA:) the origin of which is the saying of Az, one says, هُمْ عَلَىٌّ إِلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ [or أَلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ] and صَدْعٌ وَاحِدٌ and ضِلَعٌ وَاحِدٌ, meaning as above. (TA.) ضِلَعَةٌ A certain small fish, green (خَضْرَآء), short in the bone. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ضَلِيعٌ: see ضَلِعٌ: b2: and see also مَضْلُوعٌ, in three places. b3: Also, applied to a man, (S, O, Msb,) Strong, or powerful; (S, O, Msb, K;) and strong, hard, or firm, in the أَضْلَاع [or ribs]: (S, O, K:) or, as some say, long in the أَضْلَاع, great in make, bulky; applied to any animal, even to a jinnee: (TA:) pl. ضُلْعٌ, (K,) or app., ضُلُعٌ [of which the former may be a contraction]. (TA.) And, applied to a horse, Complete, or perfect, in make or formation, large in the middle, thick in the [bones called] أَلْوَاح, having many sinews: (ISk, S, O, K:) or, so applied, thick in the أَلْوَاح; strong, hard, or firm, in the sinews: (Msb:) or, as some say, long in the ribs (الأَضْلَاع), wide in the sides, large in the breast. (TA.) And ضَلِيعُ الفَمِ A man large in the mouth: (KT, O, K:) or wide therein: (A 'Obeyd, O, K:) expl. in the former sense, and in the latter, as applied to the Prophet; (O, TA;) width of the mouth, (KT, O, K, TA,) and largeness thereof, (TA,) being commended by the Arabs, and smallness thereof being discommended by them; (KT, O, K, TA;) whereas the Persians, or foreigners, (العَجَم,) commend smallness thereof: (TA:) or having large teeth, closely and regularly set together; (Sh, O, K;) and thus also expl., by Sh, as applied to the Prophet: (O, TA:) and ضَلِيعُ الثًّنَايَا a man whose central incisors are thick. (TA.) ضَالِعٌ Inclining, or declining: (TA: [like ظِالِعٌ:]) declining, or deviating, from that which is right, or true: acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically. (S, O, K, TA.) b2: See also ضَلِعٌ. b3: And see 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph.

ضَوْلَعٌ (tropical:) Inclining with love or desire. (IAar, O, K, TA.) أَضْلَعُ, applied to a man, [and accord. to the CK to a beast (دَابَّة) also,] Whose tooth is like the ضِلَع [or rib]; (Lth, O, K;) fem. ضَلْعَآءُ [perhaps applied to the tooth, but more probably, I think, to a woman]; (TA;) and pl. ضُلْعٌ. (K.) b2: Also, (O, [but accord. to the K “ or,”]) Strong, thick, (O, K, TA,) large in make. (TA.) b3: And Stronger, or more powerful. (O, * TA.) مُضْلِعٌ A load heavily burdening, or overburdening, (S, IAth, O, K, TA,) to the أَضْلَاع [or ribs]; (TA;) as though leaning, or bearing, upon the أَضْلَاع: (IAth, TA:) or a heavy load, which one is unable to bear; as also ↓ مُضَلِّعٌ. (Har p. 77.) [See also مُظْلِعٌ.] And, دَاهِيَةٌ مُضْلِعَةٌ (tropical:) A calamity that heavily burdens, or overburdens, and breaks, the أَضْلَاع [or ribs]. (TA.) b2: and دَابَّةٌ مُضْلِعٌ A beast whose أَضْلَاع [or ribs] have not strength sufficient for the load. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, L, K.) b3: See also مُضْطَلِعٌ.

مُضَلَّعٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with stripes, like thongs, or straps, (O, K, TA,) these being of إِبْرِيسَم, or of قَزّ, [i. e. silk, or raw silk,] wide, like أَضْلَاع [or ribs]: (TA:) or [simply] figured: (Lh, TA:) or variously woven, and thin: (TA:) or partly woven and partly left unwoven. (ISh, Az, O, K, TA.) b2: and قُبَّةٌ مُضَلَّعَةٌ [A ribbed dome or cupola; i. e.] having the form of أَضْلَاع. (TA.) مُضَلِّعٌ: see مُضْلِعٌ.

مَضْلُوعٌ Having the ضِلَع [or rib] broken. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) b2: And قَوْسٌ مَضْلُوعَةٌ A bow in the wood of which are a bending (عَطْفٌ) and an evenness (تَقَوُّمٌ, as in the O and K, or تَقْوِيمٌ, as in the L), [app. towards each extremity,] the rest of it (سَائِرُهَا) being similar to its كَبِد [which means its middle part, or part where it is grasped with the hand, or part against which the arrow goes, &c., for it is variously explained]; (O, K, TA;) so accord. to As, (O, TA,) and AHn; (TA;) as also ↓ ضَلِيعٌ, (O, K, TA,) and ↓ ضَلِيعَةٌ; for which last, مَضْلُوعَةٌ is erroneously repeated in the K; [app. from its author finding it said in the O that such a bow is termed ضَلِيعٌ and مَضْلُوعَةٌ; and in the TK, مُضَوْلَعَةٌ is substituted for it:] ↓ قَوْسٌ ضَلِيعَةٌ is also expl. as meaning a thick bow. (TA.) مُضْطَلِعٌ is from الضَّلَاعَةُ [inf. n. of ضَلُعَ]: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ مُضْطَلِعٌ بِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ i. e. Such a one is possessed of strength, or power, sufficient for this affair: so says ISk: and he adds that one should not say مُطَّلِعٌ: Aboo-Nasr Ahmad Ibn-Hátim says, one says هُوَ مُضْطَلِعٌ بِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ and مُطَّلِعٌ له [also]; الاِضْطِلَاعُ being from الضَّلَاعَةُ meaning القُوَّةُ; and الاِطِّلَاعُ being from العُلُوُّ, from the saying اِطَّلَعْتُ الثَّنِيَّةَ meaning عَلَوْتُهَا [I ascended upon the mountain, or mountain-road, termed ثَنِيَّة]; i. e. he is one who has ascendancy with respect to this affair, who is master of it: (S, O, TA:) Lth expressly allows مُطَّلِعٌ for مُضْطَلِعٌ by the incorporation of the ض into the [letter that is originally] ت, so that the two together become ط with teshdeed. (TA.) and لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ ↓ هُوَ مُضْلِعٌ means the same as مُضْطَلِعٌ as first expl. above, i. e. He is possessed of strength, or power, sufficient for this affair. (O, K. [In both, in this instance, لِهٰذَا, not بِهٰذَا.]) In the phrase إِذَا كَانَ مُضْطَلِعًا عَلَى حَقِّهِ [If he be possessed of power, or ability, to obtain his right, or due], it seems that مضطلعا is made trans. by means of على because made to imply the meaning of قَادِرًا or مُقْتَدِرًا. (Mgh.) ↓ مُسْتَضْلِعٌ, likewise, signifies Having strength, or power. (TA.) مُسْتَضْلِعٌ: see what next precedes.

غمر

1 غَمُرَ, as in some lexicons, or غَمَرَ, aor. ـُ accord. to all the copies of the K [consulted by SM], (TA,) or غَمِرَ, [aor. ـَ (as in the CK and my MS. copy of the K,) inf. n. غَمَارَةٌ and غُمُورَةٌ, [agreeably with analogy if غَمُرَ be the form of the verb, which is therefore most probably correct,] (K,) It (water) was, or became, much in quantity, abundant, copious, [or deep,] (K, B, TA,) so that it concealed its bottom. (B, TA.) You say مَا أَشَدَّ غُمُورَةَ هٰذَا النَّهْرِ How great is the abundance of the water of this river ! (S.) b2: [And (tropical:) He abounded in beneficence.] You say رَجُلٌ بَيِّنُ الغُمُورَةِ (tropical:) A man bearing evidence of abounding in beneficence. (S, K.) A2: غَمَرَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَمْرٌ, (Msb, K,) It (water, S, K, or the sea, Msb) [overflowed,] came over, or rose above, (S, Msb,) or covered, (K,) and concealed, (TA,) him, or it; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اغتمرهُ: (K:) and he (a man) veiled, concealed, hid, or covered, him, or it. (Msb.) b2: Hence, غَمَرَهُ القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people rose above him, or surpassed him, in eminence, (S, TA,) and in excel-lence. (TA.) b3: And رَأَيْتُهُ قَدْ غَمَرَ الجَمَاجِمَ بِطُولِ قَوَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) [I saw him to have overtopped the heads of others by the tallness of his stature]. (TA.) A3: غَمِرَ صَدْرُهُ عَلَىَّ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K, *) inf. n. غَمَرٌ (Yaakoob, S, Msb) and غِمْرٌ, (Yaakoob, S,) [or the latter is a simple subst.,] His bosom bore con-cealed enmity and violent hatred, or rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against me. (S, Msb, K.) A4: غَمِرَتْ يَدُهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. غَمَرٌ, (TA,) His hand was, or became, foul with the smell of flesh-meat, (S, K,) and with the grease thereof adhering to it. (K.) A5: غَمُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَمَارَةٌ, (S, [in my copy of the Msb written غَمَار, probably by a mistake of the copyist,]) He was inexperienced in affairs: (S, Msb:) Benoo-'Okeyl say غَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (Msb.) You say فِيهِ غَمَارَةٌ and غَرَارَةٌ [In him is a want of experience in affairs]. (TA.) 2 غمّرت وَجْهَهَا, inf. n. تَغْمِيرٌ, She (a woman) smeared her face with غُمْرَة [q. v.]; (S;) as also بِالغُمْرَةِ ↓ اغتمرت, (K,) and ↓ تغمّرت. (S, K.) A2: غُمِّرَ, inf. n. تَغْمِيرٌ, He (a man) was deemed ignorant. (TA.) A3: غمّر فَرَسَهُ, inf. n. as above, He gave his horse water to drink in a cup, (K,) in the small cup called غُمَر, (TA,) because of the scarcity of water. (K.) IAar mentions the phrase غمّرهُ أَصْحُنًا He gave him to drink some bowls of water: making the verb doubly transitive. (TA.) 3 غامر فِى القِتَالِ and غامس فِيهِ signify the same [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He plunged, or threw himself, into the midst of fight, or conflict]. (TA in art. غمس.) [See also مُغَامِرٌ.] b2: And غامرهُ (assumed tropical:) He engaged with him in fight, or conflict, not caring for death. (S, O.) b3: And غامر signifies also (assumed tropical:) He contended in an altercation, or a dispute. (O.) 5 تغمّرت: see 2.

A2: تغمّر He drank from a small cup such as is called غُمَر: (K:) he drank a small quantity of water: (TA:) he drank less than would satisfy his thirst: (S:) he drank the smallest draught, less than would satisfy his thirst: (TA:) he did not satisfy his thirst with water; (K, * TA;) said of a camel, (K,) and of an ass. (TA.) A3: And تغمّرت المَاشِيَةُ The cattle ate what is termed غَمِير [q. v.]. (K.) 7 انغمر He immerged, dipped, or plunged, himself, or he became immerged, dipped, or plunged, (S, K,) in water, (S, TA,) and in a thing; (TA;) as also ↓ اغتمر. (K.) 8 إِغْتَمَرَ see 1: A2: and 7: A3: and 2.

غَمْرٌ Much, abundant, copious, [or deep,] water; (S, K;) as also ↓ غَمِيرٌ: (K:) or much, abundant, copious, [or deep,] water, that drowns, or submerges: (ISd, TA:) or that covers over him who enters into it: (IAth, TA:) [also used as an صِفَةٌ">epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, meaning much, abundant, copious, or deep, water;] and ↓ غَمْرَةٌ signifies the same as غَمْرٌ [when thus used; or a submerging deep, a deep place, or an abyss, of water]: (TA:) pl. غِمَارٌ and غُمُورٌ. (S, K.) You say بَحْرٌ غَمْرٌ An abundant sea: and [in the pl.] بِحَارٌ غِمَارٌ, and غُمُورٌ. (S.) And of a thing that has become much, you say, هٰذَا كَثِيرٌ

↓ غَمِيرٌ This is much. (Az.) [See also الغَمَرِ.] b2: The main of the sea: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) Liberal in disposition: (K, * TA:) pl. as above: (TA:) and in like manner, غَمْرُ الخُلُقِ: (TA:) or this last, and غَمْرُ البَدِيهَةِ, signify (tropical:) abounding in beneficence: pl. as above: (S, K: [see also رِدَآءٌ:]) and غَمْرُ البَدِيهَةِ (tropical:) a man who takes by surprise with large bounty. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A horse fleet, or swift, or excellent, in running. (S, * K, * TA.) b3: (tropical:) A garment ample, or full. (K, * TA.) A3: (assumed tropical:) A mixed crowd of men, (K,) and their thronging, pressing, or pushing, and multitude; (TA;) as also ↓ غَمَرٌ and ↓ غَمْرَةٌ and ↓ غُمَارٌ and ↓ غَمَارٌ: (K: [in the TA, instead of the last two words, I find غُمَارَةٌ and غَمَارَةٌ, as from the K, and غُمَارٌ and غَمَارٌ are afterwards there added: but most probably these only (without ة) are correct:]) and ↓ غَمْرَةٌ and ↓ غُمَارٌ and ↓ غَمَارٌ signify a crowding, or pressing, of men, (S, Msb,) and of water: (S:) the pl. of ↓ غَمْرَةٌ is غِمَارٌ. (S.) You say النَّاسِ ↓ دَخَلْتُ فِى غُمَارِ, and ↓ غَمَارِهِمْ, (S, Msb, TA,) and ↓ غَمَرِهِمْ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) I entered among the crowding, or pressing, of the people, (S, Msb, TA,) and their multitude: (S, TA;) as also فى خَمَرِهِمْ [and خُمَارِهِمْ &c.] (TA.) And ↓ أَكُونُ فِى غُمَارِ النَّاسِ, meaning I shall be among the dense congregation of the people, occurs in a trad. (TA.) A4: See also غُمْرٌ.

A5: لَيْلٌ غَمْرٌ means Intensely dark night. (TA.) غُمْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ غُمُرٌ (S, ISd) and ↓ غَمْرٌ and ↓ غِمْرٌ, accord. to the K, but this last is unknown, (TA,) and ↓ غَمَرٌ (K) and ↓ غَمِرٌ, (TA,) originally, A boy devoid of intelligence: and hence, (Msb,) a man (S, Msb) inexperienced in affairs: (S, Msb, K:) ignorant: (TA:) inexperienced in war and in counsel; not rendered firm, or sound, in judgment, by experience: (L:) one in whom is no profit nor judgment: (ISd, TA:) one in whom is no good nor profit with respect to intelligence or judgment or work: (Az, Msb:) and ↓ مُغَمَّرٌ signifies the same as غُمْرٌ; (S, TA;) or deemed ignorant: (TA:) the fem. of غُمْرٌ is with ة; (S, Msb;) and so is that of ↓ غَمِرٌ: (TA:) and the pl. of غُمْرٌ is أَغْمَارٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and this may also be pl. of ↓ غَمَرٌ, like as أَسْبَابٌ is pl. of سَبَبٌ. (TA.) A2: See also غُمْرَةٌ.

غِمْرٌ Concealed enmity and violent hatred, or rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (S, Msb, K.) [See also غَمِرَ.] b2: And (assumed tropical:) Thirst: (S, Msb:) pl. أَغْمَارٌ. (S.) El-'Ajjáj says, حَتَّى إِذَا مَابَلَّتِ الأَغْمَارَا (tropical:) [Until, when they damped their thirst]. (S.) بَلَّتِ الإِبِلُ أَغْمَارَهَا means (tropical:) The camels drank a little. (TA.) A2: See also غُمْرٌ.

غَمَرٌ A drowning; being drowned: so in the phrase مَوْتُ الغَمَرِ Death by drowning. (TA.) A2: See also غَمْرٌ.

A3: The foul smell of flesh-meat, (S, Mgh, K,) and its grease adhering to the hand: (K:) and the smell of fish. (S.) Hence, مِنْدِيلُ الغَمَرِ (S, Mgh) The napkin, or rough napkin, with which the hand is cleansed therefrom. (L, TA.) A4: See also غُمْرٌ, in two places.

غَمِرٌ [part. n. of غَمِرَ]. You say يَدٌ غَمِرَةٌ A hand foul with the smell of flesh-meat, (S, K,) and with the grease thereof adhering to it. (K.) [See also سَهِكٌ.]

A2: See also غُمْرٌ, in two places.

A3: غَمِرَةٌ as an صِفَةٌ">epithet applied to a she-camel, see voce غَبِرٌ.

غُمَرٌ A small drinking-cup or bowl, (S, K,) with which people divided the water among themselves in a journey when they had little of it; and this they [sometimes] did by putting a pebble into a vessel, and then pouring into it as much water as would cover the pebble, and giving it to each man among them: (TA:) or the smallest of drinking-cups or bowls: (K:) [see قَعْبٌ; and تِبْنٌ:] accord. to ISh, it contains twice or thrice the quantity of the measure called كِيلَجَة: [but this seems to be a large غمر, used for watering a horse; and the words which here immediately follow are app. not added by ISh, but relate to the غمر used by a man for himself or for another man:] the قَعْب is larger than it, and satisfies the thirst of a man: the pl. is أَغْمَارٌ. (TA.) El-Aashà of Báhileh says, in an elegy on his brother ElMunteshir Ibn-Wahb, تَكْفِيهِ حُزَّةُ فِلْذٍ إِنْ أَلْمَّ بِهَا مِنَ الشِّوَآءِ وَيُرْوِى شُرْبَهُ الغُمَرُ [A slice of camel's liver, roasted, if he lighted upon it, used to suffice him; and the غُمَر used to satisfy his thirst]. (S, TA.) And Mohammad is related, in a trad., to have said, لَا تَجْعَلُونِى كَغُمَرِ الرَّاكِبِ صَلُّوا عَلَى أَوَّلَ الدُّعَآءِ وَأَوْسَطَهُ وَآخِرَهُ Make ye me not like the غُمَر of the rider: salute me in the beginning of prayer and in the middle thereof and in the end thereof: meaning that they should not make the salutation of him to be a thing of no great importance, and to be postponed: for the rider puts on his camel his saddle and his travel-ling-provisions, and last of all hangs upon his saddle his drinking-cup. (IAth, TA.) غُمُرٌ: see غُمْرٌ.

غَمْرَةٌ Water that rises above the stature of a man. (Bd in xxiii. 56.) See also غَمْرٌ, first sentence. b2: Hence, (Bd,) فَذَرْهُمْ فِى غَمْرَتِهِمْ, in the Kur xxiii. 56, (tropical:) Therefore leave thou them in [the submerging gulf, or flood, of] their ignorance; (Fr, Bd;) or in their error: (Jel:) or in their error and obstinacy and perplexity: (Zj, in explanation of another reading, فى غَمَرَاتِهِمْ:) and in like manner, فِى غَمْرَةٌ, in the same chap., verse 65, signifies in overwhelming heedlessness: (Bd:) or in ignorance: (Jel:) and in the Kur li. 11, in overwhelming ignorance: (Bd, Jel:) or غَمْرَةٌ signifies [here] a state of obstinate perseverance in vain or false affairs: (Lth, Msb, TA:) and غَمَرَاتٌ is the pl. (Msb.) You say هُوَ فِى غَمْرَةٍ

مِنْ لَهْوٍ, and شَبِيبَةٍ, and سُكْرٍ, (tropical:) [He is in a submerging gulf, or flood, of frivolous diversion, and of youthful folly, and of intoxication]. (TA.) And غَمَرَاتُ جَهَنَّمَ signifies [The fiery depths of Hell; or] the places, of Hell, that abound with fire. (TA.) b3: [Hence] غَمْرَةُ الخُصُومَةِ (assumed tropical:) The main part of the contention. (TA.) [And غَمْرَةُ الحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) The main part, i. e. the thick, or thickest, of the fight or battle. (See also غَمَرَاتُ الحَرْبِ in what follows.)] b4: Hence likewise, غَمْرَةٌ signifies also (tropical:) Difficulty, trouble, distress, or rigour, (S, Msb, K,) and pressure, of a thing: (K:) pl. غَمَرَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and غِمَارٌ (K) and غُمَرٌ. (S.) Hence, (Msb,) غَمَرَاتُ المَوْتِ (tropical:) The rigours, or pangs, (شَدَائِدُ,) of death: (S, Msb:) or غَمْرَةُ المَوْتِ signifies the agony, i. e. the vehemence of the troubles or disquietudes, of death: (TA:) and غَمَرَاتُ الحَرْبِ, and غِمَارُهَا, (assumed tropical:) the rigours of war. (TA.) b5: See also غَمْرٌ again, latter half, in three places.

غُمْرَةٌ A kind of liniment, made from [the plant called] وَرْس, (S, TA,) used by a bride, for her person: (TA:) or [the plant] ورس [itself]: (TA:) or saffron; as also ↓ غُمْرٌ: (K:) or كُرْكُمٌ [which also means saffron and bastard saffron]: or gypsum; syn. جِصٌّ: or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, a mixture of dates and milk, with which the face of a woman is smeared, to render her skin fine: and the pl. is غُمَرٌ. (TA.) [See also خُمْرَةٌ.]

غمرة, [thus in the TA, app. غُمَرَةٌ, of the class of صُرَعَةٌ &c.,] as an صِفَةٌ">epithet applied to a man, Valid in judgment or opinion, in cases of difficulty. (TA.) غَمَارٌ: see غَمْرٌ, latter half, in three places.

غُمَارٌ: see غَمْرٌ, latter half, in four places.

غَمِيرٌ: see غَمْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A certain plant: (K:) or green herbage that is overtopped, or covered, and concealed, by what is dried up: (S, K: *) or herbage growing in the lower part, or at the root, of [other] herbage, (K, * TA,) so that the first [in growth] overtops, or covers, and conceals, it: (TA:) or any verdure that is little in quantity, (L, K, TA,) either ريحة [i. e.

رَيِّحَة, meaning what becomes green after the upper parts have dried,] or نبات [app. meaning herbage in general]: (L, TA:) or the grain of the [species of barley-grass called] بُهْمَى, (K, TA,) that falls from the ears thereof when it dries; so says AHn: or somewhat that comes forth in the بُهْمَى

in the first of the rain, succulent, or sappy, amid such as is dry; and غَمِير is not known in anything but the بُهْمَى: (TA:) the pl. is أَغْمِرَآءُ. (K.) ↓ غَمِيرَةٌ [is app. its n. un., but] is said by AO to mean Dry [trefoil, or clover, of the species called]

رَطْبَة and قَتّ, with which horses are foddered when they are prepared, by being reduced to scanty food, for racing or for a military expedition. (TA.) غَمِيرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

غَامِرٌ Much, or abundant: applied in this sense to property. (Ham p. 593.) [See also غَمْرٌ.]

A2: [In a state of immersion; immerged. (See أَتَانٌ; and see also a verse cited voce أَنْ, p. 106, first col.)] b2: And [hence, perhaps,] غَامِرَةٌ signifies Palm-trees (نَخْلٌ) not requiring irrigation: (AHn, K:) but Az did not find this to be known. (TA.) [See also مُغْتَمِرٌ.] b3: Applied to land, (S, Msb, TA,) and to a house, (TA,) [but written with ة when أَرْضٌ is mentioned, or دَارٌ,] it signifies the Contr. of عَامِرٌ; (S, TA;) and thus, (TA,) waste; desolate; in a state the contrary of flourishing; in a state of ruin; syn. خَرَابٌ: (Msb, K, TA:) [land to which this term is applied is thus called] because overflowed by water, so that it cannot be sown; or because it is covered with sand or dust; or because water generally exudes from it, so that it produces only reeds and the بَرْدِىّ [i. e. papyrus or other rushes]: by غَامِرٌ is meant ذُو غَمْرٍ; like as one says هَمٌّ نَاصِبٌ, meaning ذُو نَصَبٍ: (TA:) or any land that is not tilled (لَمْ يُسْتَخْرَجْ) so as to be fit for sowing (K, TA) and planting: (TA:) or land that is unsown, but capable of being sown: so called because the water reaches it and comes over it: of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; (S, Msb;) like the epithets in سِرٌّ كَاتِمٌ and مَآءٌ دَافِقٌ; and made of the measure فال only to correspond to عَامِرٌ as its opposite: (S, TA:) waste land which water does not reach is not called غَامِرٌ; (S;) but such is called قَفْرٌ. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., [which shows that the last two explanations given above are correct,] that 'Omar imposed a tax of a دِرْهَم and a قَفِيز upon every جَرِيب [of land], both عَامِر and غَامِر: and this he did in order that the people might not be remiss in sowing. (Az, TA.) أَغْمَرُ [More, or most, abundant, copious, or deep: applied to water. b2: ] More, or most surpassing, or excelling: so in the saying, هُوَ أَغْمَرُهُمْ بِطُولِ قَوَامِهِ He is the most surpassing of them by the tallness of his stature. (TA.) مُغَمَّرٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with [غُمْرَة, or] saffron. (M, TA.) b2: مُغْمَّرَةٌ and ↓ مُتَغَمِّرَةٌ and ↓ مُغْتَمِرَةٌ A girl having her face smeared with غُمْرَة. (TA.) A2: See also غُمْرٌ.

مُغَمِّرٌ: see مُغَامِرٌ.

مَغْموُرٌ [Overflowed, or covered, and concealed, by water, &c. b2: ] Rained upon. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Overcome, subdued, or oppressed. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) An obscure man; of no reputation: (K, TA:) as though others surpassed him. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ مغْمُورُ النَّٰسَبِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is of obscure race. (TA.) مُغَامِرٌ (assumed tropical:) One who plunges, or rushes without consideration, into places of peril: (S:) one who throws himself into difficulties, troubles, or distresses; as also ↓ مُغَمِّرٌ: (K:) or one who enters into difficulties, troubles, or distresses, and makes another, or others, to do so; like مُغَامِسٌ. (Ham p. 338.) Applied to a courageous man as meaning (assumed tropical:) One who incurs the rigours, or pangs, of death. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) One who contends in an altercation, or a dispute: or who enters into the main part [or the thick or thickest] of an altercation or a dispute: and some say that it is from الغِمْرُ, and means regarding, and regarded, with rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (TA.) مُغْتَمِرٌ Palm-trees (نَخْلٌ) imbibing water from a copious source. (AHn, K.) [See also غَامِرَةٌ, voce غَامِرٌ.] b2: And (assumed tropical:) A drunken man: (Sgh, K, TA:) as though intoxication had drowned his reason. (TA.) A2: See also مُغَمَّرٌ.

مُتَغَمِّرَةٌ: see مُغَمَّرٌ.

غرق

1 غَرِقَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. غَرَقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He, or it, (a thing, Msb,) sank, syn. غَارَ, (Mgh,) or رَسَبَ, (TA,) فِى المَآءِ [in water, or in the water]: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) primarily [he drowned; i. e. he sank under water, and] the water entered the two apertures of his nose so that it filled its passages and he died. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] غَرِقَ فِى البِلَادِ, inf. n. as above, * He (a man) went downwards and disappeared (رَسَبَ) in the lands, or tracts of land. (TA.) A2: غَرَقَ, (thus in the O,) or غَرِقَ, like فَرِحَ, (thus accord. to the K,) He drank a [draught such as is termed] غُرْقَة: (O, K:) so says IAar. (O.) And غَرَقْتُ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ, (O, and thus in copies of the K, in the CK غَرِقْتُ,) or غَرَقْتُ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ غُرْقَةً, (TA,) I took a [draught such as is termed] كُثْبَة of the milk: (O, K, TA:) so says Ibn-'Abbád. (O, TA.) A3: And غَرِقَ He was, or became, without want, or need. (IAar, O, K.) A4: غَرْقًا used in the sense of إِغْرَاقًا, see under 4.2 غَرَّقَ see 4, first sentence. b2: Hence تَغْرِيقٌ became used to signify (tropical:) Any killing: the origin of its being thus used being the fact that the midwife used to drown the new-born infant in the fluid of the secundine in the year of drought, (S, O, K, TA,) whether it were a male or female, (S, O, TA,) so that it died: (S, O, K, TA:) or it is from the phrase غَرَّقَتِ القَابِلَةُ الوَلَدَ meaning (tropical:) The midwife was ungentle with the child [at the birth] so that the [fluid called] سَابِيَآء entered its nose and killed it: or, accord. to the A, غَرَّقَتِ القَابِلَةُ المَوْلُودَ means the midwife did not remove from out of the nose of the new-born infant the mucus, so that it entered into the air-passages of the nose and killed it. (TA.) Hence the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, إِذَا غَرَّقَتْ أَرْبَاضُهَا ثِنْىَ بَكْرَةٍ

بِتَيْهَآءَ لَمْ تُصْبِحْ رَؤُومًا سَلُوبُهَا i. e. When her ropes [with which her saddle is bound] kill a youthful she-camel's second young one, [and she casts it in consequence, in a desert in which one loses his way,] she [who is bereft of it] does not become one that shows affection for her offspring, by reason of the fatigue that has come upon her: (S, O, TA:) for, as is said in the T, where this verse is cited, when the saddle is bound on the she-camel that has been ten months pregnant, sometimes the fœtus becomes drowned in the fluid of the سَابِيَآء, and she casts it. (TA.) b3: غُرِّقَ, said of a bridle, [and of the scabbard of a sword, as also ↓ أُغْرِقَ, (see مُغَرَّقٌ,)] signifies (tropical:) It was ornamented, or was ornamented in a general manner, with silver. (TA.) b4: See, again, 4.

A2: غرّق البَيْضَةَ He removed the غِرْقِئ

[q. v.] of the egg. (TA.) 3 غَارَقَنِى كَذَا (tropical:) Such a thing was, or became, near to me; drew near to me; or approached me. (TA.) And غَارَقَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ (tropical:) [Death became near to him]. (TA.) b2: And غَارَقَتِ الوَقْعَةُ (tropical:) The onslaught was, or became, obligatory. (TA.) 4 اغرقهُ, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. أِغْرَاقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ غرّقهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَغْرِيقٌ; (TA;) [primarily, He drowned him: (see 1, first sentence:) generally expl. as meaning] he sank him, or it, (TA, [see again 1, first sentence,]) فِى المَآءِ [in water, or in the water] (S, * O, Msb, * K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] اغرق أَعْمَالَهُ (assumed tropical:) He annulled his [good] works, by the commission of acts of disobedience. (TA.) b3: And اغرقهُ النَّاسُ (assumed tropical:) The people multiplied against him and overcame him: and in like manner, أَغْرَقَتْهُ السِّبَاعُ (assumed tropical:) [The beasts of prey multiplied against him &c.] so says IAar. (TA.) b4: The saying of Lebeed, describing a horse.

يُغْرِقُ الثَّعْلَبَ فِى شِرَّتِهِ is said to mean (assumed tropical:) He outstrips the ثَعْلَب [i. e. the fox] in his sprightliness, and leaves him behind: [see also 8:] or he causes the part of the spearshaft that enters into its iron head to disappear in him who is pierced therewith by reason of the vehemence of his running. (O, TA. *) b5: اغرق الكَأْسَ means (tropical:) He filled the كأس [or wine-cup]. (O, K, TA.) b6: See also 2, near the end. b7: اغرق فِى القَوْسِ [السَّهْمَ being understood] (tropical:) He (the drawer of the bow, i. e., of the string of the bow with the arrow, S, O, K, TA, or the shooter, Msb) drew the bow to the fall: (S, O, Msb, K:) accord. to ISh, الاغراق signifies the sending the arrow far by vehement drawing [of the bow]: accord. to Useyd El-Ghanawee, the drawing of the bow so that it brings the sinews that are wound upon the socket of the arrow, as far as the iron head, to the part that is grasped by the hand; which is termed شُرْبُ القَوْسِ الرِّصَافَ; and one says of him who does so, يَنْزِعُ حَتَّى يَشْرَبَ بِالرِّصَافِ: (TA:) ↓ غرّق, also, signifies the same, (O, K,) inf. n. تَغْرِيقٌ: (O:) and one says, غرّق النَّبْلَ, meaning he drew the bow with the arrows to the utmost extent. (TA.) In the saying in the Kur [lxxix. 1], ↓ وَالنَّازِعَاتِ غَرْقًا, the last word is put in the place of the proper inf. n. of أَغْرَقَ, for إِغْرَاقًا; (Fr, * Az, O, K; *) the meaning being By those angels that pull forth the souls of the unbelievers from their bosoms with a vehement pulling. (Fr, O.) b8: Hence, i. e. from اغرق السَّهْمَ [or اغرق فِى القَوْسِ], one says, اغرق فِى القَوْلِ, (TA,) or فِى الشَّىْءِ, (Msb,) (tropical:) He exceeded the usual bounds, degree, or mode; exerted himself much, beyond measure, or to the utmost; or was extravagant, or immoderate; (Msb, TA;) in the saying, (TA,) or in the thing. (Msb.) [See also 10.]8 اغترق الخَيْلَ (tropical:) He (a horse) mixed among the [other] horses, and then outstripped them, or outwent them. (S, O, K, TA.) And اغترق حَلْبَةَ الخَيْلِ (tropical:) He (a horse) outstripped, or outwent, the collection of horses started together for a wager that were preceding. (AO, TA.) And [hence] one says, خَاصَمَنِى فَاغْتَرَقْتُ حَلْبَتَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [He contended with me in an altercation, or he disputed, or litigated, with me, and] I overcame him in the altercation, &c. (TA.) b2: اغترق التَّصْدِيرَ, (O, K, TA,) or البَطَانَ, (O, TA,) (tropical:) He (a camel), his belly being large, (O, K, TA,) and his sides being swollen, (O, TA,) took up the whole of the breast-girth, (O, K, TA,) or the belly-girth, (O, TA,) so that it was too strait for him; as also ↓ استغرقهُ. (O, K, TA.) b3: And اغترق النَّفَسَ (assumed tropical:) He took in the whole of the breath in drawing it in, or back, with vehemence. (S, O, TA.) Accord. to the copies of the K, اغترقت الَّفْسُ, meaning اِسْتَوْعَبَت: but this is a mistake: the correct phrase is اغترق النَّفَسَ, the latter word مُحَرَّكَة [and in the accus. case]; and the explanation, اِسْتَوْعَبَهُ فِى الزَّفِيرِ. (TA.) b4: And تَغْتَرِقُ نَظَرَهُمْ, said of a woman, (tropical:) [She engrosses their look; i. e.] she occupies them in looking at her so as to divert them from looking at other than her, by reason of her beauty: (O, K, TA:) and in like manner one says, تغترق الطَّرْفَ (tropical:) [she engrosses the look]. (O, TA.) [See also what next follows.]10 استغرق (tropical:) He, or it, took, took in or comprised or comprehended or included, or took up or occupied, altogether, wholly, or universally; took in the gross; engrossed; syn. اِسْتَوْعَبَ. (S, O, K, TA.) Hence the phrase of the grammarians, لَا لِاسْتِغْرَاقِ الجِنْسِ (tropical:) [لا denoting the universal inclusion of the genus]. (TA.) [Hence also several other conventional usages of the word]. See also 8 [with which it is interchangeable in several cases]. b2: اِسْتَغْرَقَ فِى الضَّحِكِ is like, (O, TA,) or syn. with, (K,) اِسْتَغْرَبَ (tropical:) [He exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing; was immoderate in laughing]. (O, K, TA.) [And in the same sense the verb is used in other cases. See also 4, last signification.]12 اِغْرَوْرَقَتْ عَيْنَاهُ His eyes shed tears (S, O, K, TA) as though they were drowned therein: (O, K, TA:) or اِغْرَوْرَقَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِالدُّمُوعِ his eyes filled with tears but did not overflow. (ISk, Az, TA.) Q. Q. 1 غَرْقَأَتْ, as said of a hen, mentioned in this art. in the K (as being Q. Q.) and also in the TA as said of an egg, see in art. غرقأ.

غَرِقٌ and ↓ غَارِقٌ and ↓ غَرِيقٌ part. ns. of غَرِقَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) the first and second signifying [Drowning; or] sinking in water without dying; (S, * Msb;) and the third, [drowned; or] dead by sinking in water; (Kh, Msb;) i. q. مُغْرَقٌ or مُغَرَّقٌ; (so in different copies of the S;) and accord. to the Bari', the third may have both meanings agreeably with analogy; (Msb;) [see an instance of its usage in the former sense voce تَغَمْغَمَ; and the first is sometimes used in the latter sense; for] it is said in a trad. that the غَرِق is of those who are [reckoned as] شُهَدَآء [or martyrs: see شَهِيدٌ]; (O, TA;) though it is said that غَرِقٌ signifies sinking in water [like as does غَارِقٌ]; and غَرِيقٌ, dead therein; or, accord. to Aboo-'Adnán غَرِقٌ signifies overcome by the water but not having yet sunk; and غَرِيقٌ, having sunk [therein]: (TA:) the pl. of غَرِيقٌ is غَرْقَى. (Mgh, O, Msb, K. *) b2: It is said in a trad., يَأْتِى عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ لَا يَنْجُو فِيهِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا مَنْ دَعَا دُعَآءَ الغَرِقِ [A time will come upon men in which no one will become safe but he who prays with the praying of the drowning]; app. meaning, but he who is sincere in praying, as is he who is on the brink of destruction. (TA.) b3: And مَاتَ غَرِقًا فِى الخَمْرِ, in another trad., means (tropical:) He died going to the utmost point, or degree, in the drinking of wine. (TA.) b4: أَرْضٌ غَرِقَةٌ means Land in the utmost state of irrigation. (IF, A, O, K.) b5: غَرِقٌ and ↓ غَرِيقٌ also signify (tropical:) A man much [or deeply] in debt: and overwhelmed by trials. (TA.) b6: and one says, إِنَّهُ لَغَرِقُ الصَّوْتِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is frightened so that his voice is stopped short. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) غُرْقَةٌ A single draught (شَرْبَة [in the CK شُرْبَة]) of milk, &c.: (A 'Obeyd, S, O, K:) or a small quantity of milk, and of beverage, or peculiarly of the former: (TA in art. عرق:) pl. غُرَقٌ. (A 'Obeyd, S, O, K.) غِرْقِئٌ: see art. غرقأ: its hemzeh is augmentative (O, K) accord. to Fr: (O, TA:) and Aboo-Is-hák [i. e. Zj] held it to be so: (IJ, MF, TA:) but in the opinion of MF, there is no probable reason for this, either on the ground of analogy or of derivation. (TA.) غَرِيقٌ: see غَرِقٌ, in two places. b2: One says also, أَنَا غَرِيقُ أَيَادِيكَ, meaning (tropical:) [I am the drowned in the flood] of thy favours. (TA.) غِرْيَاقٌ A certain bird: (IDrd, O, K:) so they assert: but it is not of established authority. (IDrd, O.) غَارِقٌ: see غَرِقٌ, first sentence.

غَارِيقُونٌ, (Mgh, K,) or أَغَارِيقُونٌ, (K,) an ancient Greek word, [a>garikon,] (TA,) A certain medicine; a thing [or substance] resembling

أَنْجُذَان; [see حِلْتِيتٌ;] male and female; in the bitterness of which is a sweetness: (Mgh:) or the root, or stem, (أَصْل,) of a certain plant: or a certain thing [or substance] which originates in worm-eaten trees; an antidote to poisons, (K, TA,) an attenuant of turbid humour, exhilarant, (K, * TA,) and good for sciatica; and [it is said that] he upon whom it is suspended will not be stung by a scorpion. (K, TA.) مُغْرَقٌ: see مُغَرَّقٌ.

مُغْرق, [as though مُغَرِقٌ, but I think it more probable that it is correctly ↓ مُغَرِّقٌ,] applied to a she-camel, That casts her young one, in a perfect state or otherwise, and will not be made to incline to it, or to affect it, nor will be milked; not such as yields her milk copiously, nor [such as is termed]

خَلِفَة [q. v.]. (TA.) مُغَرَّقٌ, applied to a bridle, (tropical:) Ornamented, (S, O, K,) or ornamented in a general manner, (TA,) with silver; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ مُغْرَقٌ: (K:) and likewise applied to the scabbard of a sword. (TA.) مُغَرِّقٌ: see مُغْرِق.

رَمَضَانُ مُغَارِقٌ [The observance of Ramadán is obligatory]. (TA.)