عصفر

Q. 1 عَصْفَرَ He dyed a garment, or piece of cloth, with عُصْفُر. (S, O, Msb, K.) Q. 2 تَعَصْفَرَ It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) became dyed with عُصْفُر. (S, O, K.) عُصْفُرٌ [Safflower, or bastard saffron; i. e., cnicus, or carthamus tinctorius;] a certain dye, (S, O,) or plant, (Msb, K,) well known, (O, Msb,) with which one dyes, (M,) the first juice (سُلَافَة) of which is called جِرْيَال, (TA,) and one of the properties of which is that it causes tough meat to become thoroughly cooked, so as to fall off from the bone, (K, * TA,) when somewhat thereof is thrown into it: (TA:) its seed is called قُرْطُمٌ: (K:) there are two kinds of it; one of the cultivated land, and one of the desert; and both grow in the country of the Arabs: (M, TA:) it is an Arabicized word. (Az, TA.) عُصْفُورٌ (S, O, Msb, K, &c.) and عَصْفُورٌ, (Ibn-Rasheek, MF,) but the latter is not an approved form, because there is no chaste word of the measure فَعْلُولٌ, (MF, TA,) [The sparrow;] a certain bird, (S, O, K,) well known; (Msb:) accord. to AHát, the same that is called the نَقَّار; the male black in the head and neck, the rest of it inclining to ash-colour, with a redness in the wings; the female inclining to yellowness and whiteness: (O:) the word is masc.: (TA:) fem. with ة: (S, O, K:) pl. عَصَافِيرُ. (Msb.) Accord. to Hamzeh, it is so called because it was disobedient, and fled, عَصَى وَفَرَّ. (MF, TA.) [This, I believe, is said to have been the case when the beasts and birds &c. were summoned before Adam, to be named by him. See the Kur ii. 29-31.] b2: [It is also applied to Any passerine bird. and hence,] عُصْفُورُ الجَنَّةِ [The passerine bird of Paradise; meaning] the swallow; syn. الخُطَّافُ. (ISd in TA art. خطف, and IB in TA art. وط.) b3: [Also, sometimes, Any small bird.] b4: طَارَتْ عَصَافِيرُ رَأْسِهِ [lit., The sparrows of his head flew;] is a prov., meaning (tropical:) he became frightened; as though there were sparrows upon his head when he was still, and they flew away when he was frightened: (Meyd:) [or he became light, or inconstant: or he became angry: like طَارَ طَائِرُهُ: (see طَائِرٌ:)] or he became aged. (TA.) b5: نَقَّتْ عَصَافِيرُ بَطْنِهِ [lit. The sparrows of his belly cried], (K,) like نَقَّتْ ضَفَادِعُ بِطْنِهِ, alluding to the intestines, is also a prov., (TA,) meaning (tropical:) he was, or became, hungry. (K, TA.) In like manner also one says, لَا تَأْكُلْ حَتَّى تَطِيرَ عَصَافِيرُ بَطْنِكَ, meaning (tropical:) Eat thou not until thou be hungry. (TA.) A2: أَصَافِيرُ المُنْذِرِ is an appellation of (assumed tropical:) Certain excellent camels, that belonged to kings: (S, O, K:) or certain excellent camels that belonged to En-Noamán Ibn-El-Mundhir were called أَصَافِيرُ النُّعْمَانِ. (T, TA.) A3: العُصْفُورُ also signifies The male locust. (O, K.) A4: And The chief, or lord. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And The king. (K.) A5: Also A portion, (S, O,) or small portion, (K,) of the brain, (S, O, K,) beneath the فَرْخ of the brain, (TA,) as though separated therefrom: (S, O, TA:) between the two is a pellicle. (S, O, K.) b2: and A certain vein in the heart. (IF, O.) b3: and A prominent bone in the temple of the horse, (S, O, K,) on the right and on the left; both being called عُصْفُورَانِ. (S, O.) b4: And The place whence grows the forelock [app. of the horse]. (M, K.) b5: And A narrow blaze extending downwards from the blaze on the forehead of the horse, not reaching to the muzzle. (O, K.) b6: The عَصَافِير of a camel's hump see expl. voce عُرْصُوفٌ.

A6: and عُصْفُورٌ signifies also A piece of wood in the [kind of camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج, uniting the extremities of certain [other] pieces of wood therein; [perhaps what unites the outer extremities of two long pieces of wood which project horizontally from the lower part of the هودج, from the two extremities of either side;] (K;) having the form of the [kind of saddle called] إِكَاف: (L:) or the pieces of wood which are in the [kind of camel's saddle called] رَحْل, by which the heads of the [curved pieces of wood called the] أَحْنَآء are fastened [together]: (K:) and the wood by which are fastened the heads of the [kind of saddle called] قَتَب: (K:) the pl. is عَصَافِيرُ: or the عصافير of the قتب are its عَرَاصِيف, from which عصافير is formed by transposition; and they are four pins of wood which are put between [or rather which unite or conjoin] the heads of the احنآء of the قتب; in each حِنْو are two of these pins, fastened with sinews or with camel's skin; and in it [or appertaining to the same part] are the ظَلِفَات: (S, O:) or the nails which unite the head of the قتب: (IDrd:) or the عُصْفُور of the [kind of saddle called] إِكَاف is its عُرْصُوف, from which latter word the former is formed by transposition; and it is a piece of wood fastened between [or rather uniting or conjoining] the anterior حِنْوَانِ. (S, O.) In a trad. it is said that it it is unlawful to cut or shake off aught from the trees of El-Medeeneh, except for the عصفور of a قتب, or to supply a sheave of a pulley, or for the handle of an iron implement. (S.) b2: Also A nail of a ship. (O, K.)

عشرق

Q. 1 عَشْرَقَ, said of a plant, or of herbage, and [عَشْرَقَت] said of land, It became green. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) عِشْرِقٌ A certain plant, (S, K,) of the [kind of plants called] أَغْلَاث, the grain of which is good for the piles, and for generating milk, and blackens the hair, (K,) or the leaves whereof, which are like those of the عِظْلِم, intensely green, blacken the hair when it is dressed therewith, and cause it to grow: (TA:) n. un. with ة: (K:) Aboo-Ziyád says, it is of the [kind of plants called]

أَغْلَاث, and is a tree [or plant] that spreads upon the ground, having thick [in the TA wide] leaves, and not having thorns, and is scarcely, or never, eaten by anything but the goats, which take some little thereof, except its grain, for this is eaten: some of the Arabs call it فَنًا; and when a grain thereof falls upon the ground and dries, it becomes red as though it were a bit of red wool: sometimes, he says, the women use its leaves in combing and dressing their hair, which it blackens, and causes to grow: he says also, an Arab of the desert, of Rabee'ah, informed me that the عِشْرِقَة rises upon a short stem, then spreads into many branches, and bears numerous fruits, which are long, broad pods, in every one of which pods are two rows of grains exactly like the stones of raisins, and these are eaten while fresh, and are cooked, and are pleasant in taste; and when the wind blows, those pods become in a state of commotion, being suspended by slender stalks, so that they make a rustling sound, and you hear, in the valley in which they are found, a low and confused sound, which frightens the camels; and the serpents do not make their abode in that valley, fleeing from the sound: its leaves are like those of the عِظْلِم, intensely green; and its grain is white, pleasant to the taste, easily broken, unctuous, and hot; good for the piles: Aboo-Ziyád also says that the عِشْرِق and سَنًا [i. e. senna] are like each other, except that the leaves of the latter are thin; also, that an Arab of the desert, of the Benoo-Asad, told him that the blossom of the عِشْرِق inclines to whiteness; and that the places of its growth were said by some to be the rugged tracts: (O:) Az says that it is a herb of which the leaves and produce are like those of the غَار [or bay], except in being larger: IAar, that it is a red plant, of sweet odour, used by the brides: and IB, from As, that it is a cubit in height, having small grains, and, when dry, producing a sound by reason of the passage of the wind: (TA:) [Forskål (in his Flora Aegypt. Arab. pp. cxi. and 86) mentions it as a species of cassia:] عَشَارِقُ is pl. of عِشْرِقَةٌ, or of the gen. n. عِشْرِقٌ. (TA.) Quasi عشرن Q. Q. 1 عَشْرَنَهُ: see art. عشر.

عظلم

Q. 2 تَعَظْلَمَ, [from عِظْلِمٌ as signifying a certain plant or dye,] said of the night, It was, or became, dark, and very black; (K, TA;) i. e. it became like the عِظْلِم. (TA.) عِظْلِمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) of which عَظْلَمٌ is a dial. var., (MF, TA,) The expressed juice of a species of tree or plant, (Az, K, TA,) the colour of which is like نِيل [or indigo], green (أَخْضَر) inclining to duskiness: (Az, TA:) or a certain plant, (S, K,) or thing, (Msb,) with which one dyes, (S, Msb, K,) said to be (Msb) called in Pers\. نِيل [i. e. the indigo-plant]: (Msb, and so in some copies of the S; other copies of which, for نيل, have تفل:) or i. q. وَسْمَةٌ [an appellation now applied to woad; as is also عِظْلِم]: (S, Msb, K:) AHn says, one of the Arabs of the desert told me that the عظلم is the male وَسْمَة: he also says that it is a small tree or plant, (شُجَيْرَةٌ), of the [class called] رِبَّة, that grows in a late season, and the greenness of which is lasting: and in one place he says, an Arab of the desert, of the Saráh (السَّرَاة), told me that the عِظْلِمَة [which is the n. un.] is a tree or plant (شَجَرَةٌ) that rises upon a stem about a cubit [in height] and has branches at the extremities of which are what resemble the blossoms of the كُزْبَرَة [or coriander], and it (the tree or plant) is dustcoloured: (TA:) some say that it is the بِقَّم [or Brazil-wood]: (Msb:) MF says, it is the خَطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallow]: (TA:) thus says El-Hareeree; but El-'Okbaree says that it is not that: (Har p. 625:) and some say that it is a certain red dye. (TA.) Hence the prov., بَيْضَآءُ لَايُدْجِى سَنَاهَا العِظْلِمُ i. e. [A white, or fair, female,] whose whiteness [or brightness] عظلم will not blacken [or darken]: applied to that which is notable, which nothing will conceal. (Meyd, TA.) b2: Hence, as being likened thereto, (S,) it signifies also The dark night: (S, K:) one says لَيْلٌ عِظْلِمٌ. (TA.) عَظْلَمَةٌ Darkness. (K.) عِظْلَامٌ Dust; syn. قَتَرَةٌ and غَبَرَةٌ. (K.)

بلقع

Q. 1 بَلْقَعَ, (K,) inf. n. بَلْقَعَةٌ, (TA,) It (a country, or region,) was, or became, vacant, or void; destitute of herbage or pasturage, and of human beings, &c. (K.) Q. 3 اِبْلَنْقَعَ It (sorrow, grief, or anxiety, such as is termed كَرْب,) became removed, or cleared away. (K.) b2: It (the dawn) shone, or shone brightly. (K.) b3: It (a thing) appeared, and came forth. (TA.) بَلْقَعٌ and ↓ بَلْقَعَةٌ A land that is vacant, or void; destitute of herbage or pasturage, and of human beings, &c.; (S, K;) in which is nothing: (S:) or the former signifies a vacant, or void, place: (Mgh:) [or instead of using the former alone, you say أَرْضٌ بَلْقَعٌ; for] you say مَنْزِلٌ بَلْقَعٌ [a vacant, or void, place of alighting or abiding], (S, TA,) and دَارٌ بَلْقَعٌ [a vacant, or void, house &c.], without ة, when it is an epithet, (S, TA,) applied to a mase. subst. and to a fem.; (TA;) but if it be a subst., you say, اِنْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى

مَلْسَآءَ ↓ بَلْقَعَةٍ [we came at last to a smooth, vacant, or void, land]: (S, TA:) and ↓ بَلْقَعَةٌ also signifies a land in which are no trees, either in sands or in plain or level tracts: (TA:) or a vacant land, in which is no one, whether there be in it herbage or not, and whether plain or not: (Ham p. 445:] pl. بَلَاقِعُ. (S, Mgh, K.) It is said in a trad., اليَمِينُ الفَاجِرَةُ تَذَرُ (S, Mgh, TA; but in the second and third of these, in the place of تَذَرُ, we find تَدَعُ;) The false oath causes the places of abode to become void, or vacant; i. e., by reason of its evil influence, the possessions and their possessors perish; (Mgh;) or the [false] swearer becomes poor, and the property that was in his house goes away; (Sh;) or God renders him in a state of disunion, and changes the blessings which He had conferred upon him: (TA:) accord. to another relation, the words of the trad. are اليَمِينُ الغَمُوسُ الخ. (Mgh.) You say also, دِيَارٌ بَلْقَعٌ [Vacant, or void, places of abode]; as though the places were one place: (TA:) and Ru-beh says, فَأَصْبَحَتْ دَارَهُمُ بَلَاقِعَا [And their abode became vacant]: (TA:) and it is said in a trad., أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ بَلَاقِعَ [as though meaning the land became altogether vacant]; the pl. being used to render the meaning intensive, as in the phrases أَرْضٌ سَبَاسِبُ and ثَوْبٌ أَخْلَاقٌ; (IAth, TA;) or because every portion thereof is considered as being بلقع. (TA.) b2: Also, without ة and ↓ with ة, (tropical:) A woman devoid of every good quality. (K, TA.) b3: IF says that the ل in بَلْقَعٌ is augmentative. (TA.) بَلْقَعَةٌ: see بَلْقَعٌ, in four places.

بَلْقَعِىٌّ An arrow, or a spear-head, bright, or free from rust, in the point. (K.) صَلَنْقَعٌ بَلَنْقَعٌ is an expression applied to A road [as though meaning made bare by the feet of men and beasts]. (I 'Abbád, K.)

قنطر

Q. 1 قَنْطَرَ الشّىْءِ i. q. عَقَدَهُ وَأَحْكَمَهُ [He tied, or knit, the thing; or, agreeably with modern usage, he arched, or vaulted, it; and made it firm, or strong]. (Zj.) Hence what is called a قَنْطَرَة is thus called because of its being firmly, or strongly, knit together, or arched, or vaulted, لِإِحْكَامِ عَقْدِهَا. (MF.) [It seems to signify He compacted the thing. b2: Also, He collected the thing together into one aggregate; he aggregated it. See the pass. part. n., below.]

A2: قَنْطَرَ He (a man, TA) possessed property by the قِنْطَار: (K:) or became possessed of a قنطار of property: (TA:) or possessed large property, as though it were weighed by the قنطار. (ISd, TA.) 2 تَقَنْطَرَ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ, for تَقَطَّرَ به: see قَطَّرَهُ.

قَنْطَرَةٌ [accord. to the Msb, of the measure فَنْعَلَةٌ, belonging to art. قطر, the ن being augmentative; and the same is perhaps meant to be indicated by the place in which it is mentioned in the S and some other lexicons; but accord. to the K, the ن is a radical letter; A bridge;] what is built over water, for crossing or passing over (Mgh, Msb) upon it; (Msb;) an أَزَج [or oblong arched or vaulted structure], built with backed bricks or with stones, over water, upon which to cross or pass over: (Az, TA:) or i. q. جِسْرٌ: (S, K:) or this latter is a more common term; (Mgh, * Msb;) for it signifies that which is built and that which is not built: (Msb:) a lofty structure: (K:) [pl. قَنَاطِرُ.] See 1.

قِنْطَارٌ [accord. to the Msb, of the measure فِنْعَالٌ, belonging to art. قطر, the ن being augmentative; and the same is perhaps meant to be indicated by the place in which it is mentioned in the S and some other lexicons; but accord. to the K, the ن is a radical letter;] A certain مِعْيَار [or standard of weight or measure]: (S, TA:) or, accord. to some, a quantity of no determinate weight: (Msb:) or a large unknown quantity or aggregate, of property: (TA:) or much property heaped up: (Msb:) or four thousand deenárs: (Th, Msb:) this is what most of the Arabs hold to be the truth: (Th:) or four thousand dirhems: (Th:) or one thousand two hundred ookeeyehs: (A 'Obeyd, S, K:) so accord. to Mo'ádh Ibn-Jebel: (S:) or [which is the same] a hundred ritls: (Msb:) [this is its weight in the present day; i. e., a hundredweight, or a hundred pounds:] or a hundred ritls of gold or of silver: (Es-Suddee, K:) or a hundred and twenty ritls: (S, L:) or a thousand ookeeyehs of gold: or of silver: (Th:) or twelve thousand ookeeyehs, accord. to Aboo-Hureyreh, on the authority of the Prophet: (TA:) or a hundred ookeeyehs of gold: or of silver: (Th:) or a hundred mithkáls; (I 'Ab, Msb, TA;) the mith-kál being twenty keeráts: (I 'Ab, TA:) or forty ookeeyehs of gold: (K:) or one thousand two hundred deenárs: (K:) or one thousand one hundred deenárs: (L:) or seventy thousand deenárs: (K:) or, in the language of Barbar, a thousand mithkáls of gold or of silver: (TA:) or eighty thousand dirhems: (I 'Ab, K:) or a hundred dirhems: (Msb:) or a hundred menns: (Msb:) or a quantity of gold, (S, K,) or of silver, (K,) sufficient to fill a bull's hide: (S, K:) so in the Syriac language, accord. to Es-Suddee: (TA:) and there are other definitions of the word: (S:) pl. قَنَاطِيرُ. (S.) مُقَنْطَرٌ Collected together into one aggregate; aggregated; made up; or completed; syn. مُكَمَّلٌ. (K.) You say قَنَاطِيرُ مُقَنْطَرَةٌ, (S,) meaning, Much riches collected together: (Jel. in iii. 12:) the latter word is a corroborative. (Bd. ibid.) قنع قنف See Supplement