Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane (d. 1876) المعجم العربي الإنجليزي لإدوارد وليام لين

Search results for: ستر in Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane (d. 1876) المعجم العربي الإنجليزي لإدوارد وليام لين

سنح

Entries on سنح in 14 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Habib Anthony Salmone, An Advanced Learner's Arabic-English Dictionary, Al-Ṣaghānī, al-Shawārid, and 11 more

سنح

1 سَنَحَ is syn. with عَرَضَ [signifying It showed, or presented, its side: and hence, it presented itself; it occurred]. (A, O, L.) One says of a gazelle, (S, K,) or of a bird, (S, * A, Msb,) or some other thing, (IF, S, Msb, as implied by explanations of the part. n. سَانِحٌ,) سَنَحَ (S, A, Msb, K) لِى, (S,) or لَهُ, (A,) and عَلَيْهِ, (L,) and سَنَحَهُ, (A,) aor. ـَ (S, L,) inf. n. سُنُوحٌ (S, L, K) and سُنْحٌ and سُنُحٌ; (L;) and ↓ سانح, inf. n. سِنَاحٌ; (S, TA;) [It presented to me, or to him, its right side, or its left side, in its passage;] it passed along from the direction of my [or his] left hand to the direction of my [or his] right hand: (S:) or it passed along from the direction of [my or] his right hand (A, L, Msb) to the direction of [my or] his left hand: (L, Msb: *) contr. of بَرَحَ (K. [See سَانِحٌ, below.]) and سَنَحَ لِى فِى المَنَامِ He presented himself to me in sleep; syn. عَرَضَ: occurring in a saying of 'Alee, referring to the Prophet. (O.) And سَنَحَ لِى رَأْىٌ (S, A, Msb, K) فِى كَذَا, (S, Msb,) aor. ـَ inf. n. سُنُوحٌ and سُنْحٌ and سُنُحٌ, (K, TA,) the second with damm and sukoon and the third with two dammehs, (TA, [but written in the CK سَنْح and سُنْح,]) (tropical:) An idea, or an opinion, presented itself, or occurred, syn. عَرَضَ, (S, A, K,) or appeared, syn. ظَهَرَ, (Msb,) to me, (S, A, * Msb, K,) respect ing such a thing. (S, Msb.) سَنَحَ is also said of poetry, (L, K,) meaning (assumed tropical:) It presented itself, or occurred, syn. عَرَضَ, to me (لِى): (L:) or it became easy; (L, K;) and in this last sense, said of a thing, aor. ـَ inf. n. سُنُوحٌ (Msb.) And it is related in a trad. of 'Áïsheh, that she said, [referring to the Prophet,] أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَسْنَحَهُ, mean ing I dislike that I should confront him with my hands [engaged] in prayer; from سَنَحَ as signify ing عَرَضَ. (L.) b2: سَنَحَ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He mentioned such a thing obliquely, or indirectly, (S, K,) in terms understood by the person addressed but uninteligible to others, (S,) not speaking explicitly. (K.) b3: سَنَحَ الخَاطِرُ بِهِ i. q. جَادَ (assumed tropical:) [The mind granted it liberally]. (Msb.) A2: سَنَحَهُ He turned him away, or back, (O, K,) عَمَّا أَرَادَ [from that which he desired, or meant], (O,) or عَنْ رَأْيِهِ [from his opinion]. (K.) b2: And سَنَحَ بِهِ and عَلَيْهِ He caused him to fall into straitness, or difficulty; or into sin, or crime; syn. أَحْرَجَهُ; (K, TA; in the CK, [erroneously,] أَخْرَجَهُ;) [i. e. أَوْقَعَهُ فِى الحَرَجِ;] and did evil to him. (K.) 3 سَاْنَحَ see 1, second sentence.5 تَسَنَّحَ see 10.

A2: تَسَنَّجْ مِنَ الرِّيحِ means اِسْتَذْرِمِنْهَا [i. e. Shelter thyself from the wind]: so says Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee. (O [and so, probably, in correct copies of the K: in my MS. copy of the K, اِسْتَدْرِ منها: in the CK, اِسْتَدِرْ منها: in the TA, strangely, استدَّر منها, and expl. as meaning اُطْلُبْ منها الدَّرَّ: in the TK, استدبر منها, and expl. as meaning ولّها ظهرك: Freytag, app. having to choose only between the reading in the CK and that in the TK, has followed the latter, without mentioning their disagreement; though, if the meaning were “ turn thy back towards the wind,” the explanation should be اِسْتَدْبِرْهَا, not اسْتَدْبِرْمِنْهَا].) 10 اِسْتَسْحْتُهُ عَنْ كَذَا, and ↓ تَسَنَّحْتُهُ, i. q. اِسْتَفْصَحْتُهُ [meaning I asked him, or desired him, to explain such a thing]: (O, K:) and so اِسْتَنْحَسْتُهُ عن كذا, and تَنَحَّسْتُهُ. (TA.) سُنْحٌ Prosperity, good fortune, good luck, or auspiciousness; blessing, increase, or plenty: syn. يُمْنٌ, and بَرَكَةٌ. (O, K.) b2: Also, (K,) or ↓ سُنُحٌ, with two dammehs, (O,) The middle of a road: (O, K:) like [سُجُحٌ or] سُجُحٌ. (O.) [Both are also inf. ns. of 1, q. v.]

سِنْحٌ i. q. أَصْلٌ [i. e. Origin, &c.]; like سِنْخٌ [q. v.]. (O, TA.) b2: And i. q. هَيْئَةٌ and سَحْنَآءُ [i. e. Form, aspect, appearance, &c.]. (O.) سُنُحٌ: see سُنْحٌ.

غَارَةٌ سَنْحَآءُ [app. as meaning An incursion into the territory of an enemy taking by surprise], accord. to one reading of a trad., is from سَنَحَ الرَّأْىُ [expl. above]: but the reading commonly known is سَحَّآء [q. v.]. (IAth, TA.) سَنِيحٌ: see سَانِحٌ.

A2: Also Pearls; or large pearls; syn. دُرٌّ: (O, K:) or (K, but accord. to the O, “also ”) the string upon which they are to be strung, before they are strung thereon: (O, K:) when they have been strung, it is termed عِقْدٌ: (O:) pl. سُنُحٌ. (TA.) b2: And [Ornaments such as are termed] حُلِىّ. (O, K.) سِنَاحَةٌ i. q. سُتْرَــةٌ [i. e. Anything by which a person or thing is veiled, concealed, hidden, or covered; &c.]. (O.) سَنَحْنَحٌ A man who sleeps not during night: (K:) or سَنَحْنَحُ اللَّيْلِ a man who is vigilant; who sleeps not; who journeys during the night. (O.) سَانِحٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ سَنِيحٌ (S, A, K) both signify the same, (S, A, K,) applied to a gazelle, (S, K, *) or to a bird, (S, A, Msb,) &c., (S, Msb,) Turning its right side towards the spectator; thus expl. by Ru-beh to Yoo, in the presence of AO; i. e. passing from the direction of the left hand of the spectator towards the direction of his right hand: (S:) or coming from the direction of the right side of the spectator (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, A, L, Msb) towards the direction of his left hand; turning towards him its left side, which is that termed الإِنْسِىُّ: contr. of بَارِحٌ [q. v.]: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, L:) the pl. [of the former] is سَوَانِحُ and سَانِحَاتٌ and [of either] سُنُحٌ: and this last is also employed to signify auspicious and inauspicious gazelles [&c.], accord. to the different opinions of the Arabs. (L.) The Arabs [who apply the epithet in the latter of the two senses first explained] regard the سَانِح as a good omen, and the بَارِح as an evil omen; (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, S, L;) because one cannot shoot at the latter without turning himself: (S in art. برح:) but some of them hold the reverse of this: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, L:) the people of Nejd hold the سانح to be a good omen; but sometimes a Nejdee adopts the [contr.] opinion of the Hijázee. (IB, TA,) It is said in a prov., مَنْ لِى بِالسَّانِحِ بَعْدَ البَارِحِ [expl. in art. برح]. (S, K.) b2: [It is said in Har p. 671 that السَّانِحُ also signifies المتطيّر المتفاّل, as though meaning The person auguring, or who augurs, evil or good, from birds: but I think that the right reading is المُتَطَيَّرُ بِهِ وَالمُتَفَأَّلُ بِهِ مِنَ الطُّيُورِ, i. e. what is regarded as an evil omen and as a good omen, of birds.]

سطر

Entries on سطر in 13 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Fayyūmī, Al-Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr fī Gharīb al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr, Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, and 10 more

سطر

1 سَطَرَ, (S, M, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb;) inf. n. سَطْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سطّر; (M;) and ↓ استطر; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) He wrote (S, M, * A, Msb, K) a writing or book. (M, Msb.) b2: [And سَطَرَ He ruled a book. (See مِسْطَرَةٌ.)]

b3: Also سَطَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) (tropical:) He cut another man with a sword. (K, * TA.) b4: And سَطَرَهُ He prostrated him; threw him down prostrate. (S.) 2 سطّر: see 1. b2: Also, inf. n. تَسْطِيرٌ, He composed (M, K) lies, falsehoods, (TA,) or أَسَاطِير, i. e. stories having no foundation, &c. (M.) b3: Also, [not تسطّر as in Gol.,] He said what was false: and he pretended a false thing. (KL.) And سطّر عَلَيْنَا He told us أَسَاطِير, i. e. stories having no foundation; or no right tendency or tenour: (M, K:) or he told us stories resembling falsehoods: (Lth:) or he embellished stories to us with lies: (TA:) or he related to us wonderful stories of the ancients. (A.) And سطّر فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا Such a one told falsehoods to such a one. (Msb.) b4: And سطّرهُ He made him to form wishes, or desires. (Sgh, TA.) 4 اسطر اسْمِى He passed over the line in which was my name. (Az, K.) b2: And اسطر (tropical:) He committed a mistake, or an error, (Ibn-Buzurj, K, TA,) in his reading, or recitation. (K.) 8 إِسْتَطَرَ see 1, first sentence.11 اسطارّ, aor. ـْ [app. signifies It (beverage, or wine,) became what is termed مُِسْطَار or مُسْطَارّ, q. v.] (TA.) Q. Q. 1 سَيْطَرَ عَلَيْنَا, (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. سَيْطَرَةٌ; (A;) and سَوْطَرَ; (K;) or سُوطِرَ; (so in a copy of the M; [but see what is said below respecting the pass. form of سَيْطَرَ;]) and ↓ تَسَيْطَرَ; (A, K;) He had, or exercised, absolute authority over us: (M, A, K:) or he was set in absolute authority over us, to oversee us, and to pay frequent attention to our various states or conditions, and to write down our manner of action: (S:) or he acted as a watcher and guardian over us, (M, K, TA,) paying frequent attention to us: (TA:) also written with ص in the place of س; but originally it is with س, from السَّطْرُ: and every س immediately followed by ط may be changed into ص: (TA:) the pass. form of سَيْطَرَ is not used. (T.) Q. Q. 2 تَسَيْطَرَ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَطْرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) originally an inf. n., [see 1,] (S,) and ↓ سَطَرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) A line (S, M, K) of a book or writing: (M, A, K:) and a writing: (S, K:) and (tropical:) a line or row (S, M, A, Msb, K) of buildings, (S, A,) and of trees, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) &c., (Msb, K,) and [particularly] of palm-trees, and the like, (M,) [and so, app., ↓ مُسْطَارٌ, q. v.:] pl. (of the former, S, Msb) أَسْطُرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and (of the latter, S) أَسْطَارٌ (S, M, A, K) [both pls. of pauc.] and (of the former, S, Msb) سُطُورٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and أَسَاطِيرُ (Lh, S, M, K) is a pl. pl., (S, K,) i. e. pl. of أَسْطَارٌ. (S.) You say, كَتَبَ سَطْرًا مِنْ كِتَابَةٍ

[He wrote a line of writing]: (A:) and بَنَى سَطْرًا (tropical:) He built a row (S, A) مِنْ بِنَائِهِ [of his building]: (A:) and غَرَسَ سَطْرًا (tropical:) He planted a row (S, A) مِنْ وَدِيِّهِ [of his palm-shoots, or young palm-trees]. (A.) b2: [Hence the saying,] اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ سَطْرًا وَاحِدًا (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) A2: Also the former, (سَطْرٌ,) A yearling (عَتُودٌ, T, M, K) of goats, (M,) or of sheep or goats: (T, K:) and صَطْرٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (IDrd, M.) سَطَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُطُرٌ: see أُسْطُورَةٌ.

سُطْرَةٌ (tropical:) An object of wish or desire. (K, TA.) You say, رَاجَعْتُ فُلَانًا وَلَمْ يُسَاعِدْ سُطْرَتِى (tropical:) [I consulted such a one, and he did not aid in the accomplishment of the object of my wish or desire]. (TK.) سَطَّارٌ: see what next follows.

سَاطِرٌ (tropical:) A butcher; (Fr, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَطَّارٌ. (Fr, O, TA.) سَاطُورٌ A butcher's cleaver; (MA, O, K; *) i. e. the great knife with which the butcher cuts [the slaughtered beast: pl. سَوَاطِيرُ]. (O.) أُسْطُورَةٌ [resembling the Greek ἱστορία] (S, M, A, Msb, K) and أُسْطُورٌ (M, Msb, K) and إِسْطَارَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and إِسْطَارٌ and إِسْطِيرَةٌ and إِسْطِيرٌ (M, K) sings. of أَسَاطِيرُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) which signifies Lies; or falsehoods; or fictions: (S, Msb, TA:) or stories having no foundation, or no right tendency or tenour: (لَا نِظَامَ لَهَا:) [such as we commonly term legends:] (M, K:) or wonderful stories of the ancients: (A:) or their written stories: (Bd in viii. 31:) or their written tales: (Jel in lxxxiii. 13:) or their written lies: (Bd in xxiii. 85, and Jel in xxvii. 70:) or stories embellished with lies; as also ↓ سُطُرٌ: (TA:) or, accord. to some, أَسَاطِيرُ is pl. of أَسْطَارٌ which is pl. of سَطْرٌ: or, accord. to AO, اساطير is pl. of أَسْطُرٌ which is pl. of سَطْرٌ: or, accord. to Abu-l-Hasan, اساطير has no sing.: (M:) or the pl. of أَسْطُرٌ, accord. to AO, is أَسَاطِرُ, i. e., without ى: or, as some say, اساطير is an irreg. pl. of سَطْرٌ. (TA.) مِسْطَرَةٌ An instrument with which a book is ruled (يُسْطَرُ) [made of a piece of pasteboard with strings strained and glued across it, which is laid under the paper; the latter being ruled by being slightly pressed over each string]. (TA.) مُسَطَّرٌ Written. (S, M.) مُسَطِّرٌ: see مُسَيْطِرٌ.

مُسْطَارٌ: see سَطْرٌ. b2: (assumed tropical:) Dust rising into the sky; (K, TA;) as being likened to a row of palm-trees or other things. (TA.) A2: Also, (thus in some copies of the K, and so correctly written accord. to Sgh, with damm, TA,) or مِسْطَارٌ, (thus in the S, and in some copies of the K,) with kesr to the م, (S,) or with teshdeed, [مُسْطَارٌّ,] as written by Ks, and this also shows it to be with damm, being in this case from إِسْطَارَّ, aor. ـْ (Sgh, TA,) A kind of wine in which is acidity; (S;) an acid kind of wine: (A'Obeyd, K:) or a kind of wine which prostrates its drinker: (K:) or new, or recently-made, wine, (K,) of which the taste and odour are altered: (TA:) or wine made of the earliest of grapes, recently: (T, TA:) or a wine in which is a taste between sweet and sour; also termed ↓ مُسْطَارَةٌ: (Har p. 618:) Az says, it is of the dial. of the people of Syria; and I think that it is Greek, [or perhaps it is from the Latin “ mustarius,” which is from “ mustum,”] because it does not resemble an Arabic form: it is with ص, or, as some say, with س; and [app. a mistake for “ or ”] I think it to be of the measure مُفْتَعَلٌ from صَارَ, with the ت changed into ط. (TA.) مُسْطَارَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, مُسَيْطِرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ مُسَطِّرٌ, (S, K,) as also مُصَيْطِرٌ, (S, A,) One who has, or exercises, absolute authority (M, A, K) over others: (M:) one who is set in absolute authority over a thing [or people], to oversee it, and to pay frequent attention to its various states or conditions, and to write down its manner of action: from السَّطْرُ: (S:) or a watcher and guardian; (M, K;) one who pays frequent attention to a thing. (Msb, * TA.)

قفز

Entries on قفز in 14 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Fayyūmī, Al-Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr fī Gharīb al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr, Habib Anthony Salmone, An Advanced Learner's Arabic-English Dictionary, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, and 11 more

قفز

1 قَفَزَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَفْزٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and قَفَزَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and قُفُوزٌ and قِفَازٌ, (Msb, and so in a copy of the K,) the last with kesr, (Msb,) or قُفَازٌ, (K accord. to the TA,) with damm, (TA,) or قَفَازٌ, (so in the CK,) He leaped, jumped, sprang, or bounded: (S, A, Msb, K:) he (an antelope) did so and alighted with his legs together. (TA, art. نفز.) b2: قَفَزَ الحَائِطَ [He leaped the wall]. (O and K in art. زيف.) A2: See also 5.

A3: قَفِزَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. قَفَزَ, (tropical:) He (a horse) had fore legs white as high as his مِرْفَقَانِ [properly signifying the elbows; but here, probably meaning, as it seems to do in some other instances, the knees], but not the kind legs. (IKtt, TA. [And ↓ قُفِّزَ app. has a similar meaning: see its inf. n. تقفيز below; and its part. n. مُقَفَّزٌ, voce أَقْفَزُ.]) But see أَقْفَزُ, and قُفَّازٌ.2 قَفَّزَ see what next precedes.5 تقفّز [He put on, or wore, a pair of gloves; as also ↓ قَفَزَ, aor. ـِ as appears from a quotation in the L, from Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, viz. القُفَّازَانِ تَقْفِزُهُمَا المَرْأَةُ:] he (a sportsman [or falconer]) put on, or wore, hawking-gloves (قُفَّازَانِ): (A:) or took or prepared for himself the reticulated iron thing upon which the falcon sits. (TA, as from Z.) See قُفَّاز. b2: تَقفّزت بِالْحِنَّآءِ, said of a woman, (S, A,) (tropical:) She dyed her hands (A, K) to the wrists, (A,) and her feet, (K,) with حنّآء. (A, K.) 6 تقافزوا [They contended together, or vied, one with another, in leaping, jumping, springing, or bounding]. You say so of children playing at the game called قُفَّيْزَى. (A, K.) قُفْزَةٌ A leap, jump, spring, or bound.]

قَفَزَى A leaping, jumping, springing, or bounding. (K.) You say, جَآءَتِ الخَيْلُ تَعْدُو القَفَزَى

[The horses came running with a leaping, jumping, springing, or bounding, motion]; from القَفْزُ [inf. n. of قَفَزَ]. (S, TA.) قَفُوزٌ: see قَفَّازٌ.

قَفِيزٌ A certain measure of capacity, consisting of ten مَكَاكِيك [pl. of مَكُّوكْ]; (S, Msb, K;) accord. to the people of El-'Irák: (TA:) or twelve times what is termed مَنّ: (Mgh in art. ربع:) [see also جَرِيبٌ, in three places: and see صَاعٌ:] pl. [of pauc.] أَقْفِزَةٌ, and [of mult.] قُفْزَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and قِفْزَانٌ. (Fr, Sgh.) [See كُرٌّ, throughout.] قَفِيزُ الطَّحَّانِ [The قفيز of the grinder] is when one says, “I will grind for so much and a قفيز of the flour itself: ” so says Ibn-El-Mubárak: or when one hires a man to grind for him a certain quantity of wheat for a قفيز of its flour, (TA,) or when one says, “I hire thee to grind this wheat for a pound of its flour,” for instance; whether there be something else therewith or not: (Msb:) what is thus termed is forbidden. (Msb, TA.) b2: Also, A certain measure of land; (T, Msb, K;) namely, the tenth of a جَرِيب, q. v.: (Msb:) or a hundred and fortyfour cubits. (K.) قَفَّازٌ That leaps, jumps, springs, or bounds, much, or often; (A, * Msb;) [and so ↓ قَفُوزٌ, occurring in art. رفأ in the M and K, applied as an epithet to a gazelle.] b2: Hence, قَفَّازَةٌ A female slave: because she seldom remains still. Yousay, يَا ابْنَ القَفَّازَةِ O son of the female slave. (A.) قُفَّازٌ A kind of glove; a thing which is made for the two hands, or hands and arms, stuffed with cotton, (S, L, K,) and having buttons which are buttoned upon the fore arms, (S, L,) worn by a woman as a protection from the cold; (S, L, K;) they are made of skins, and of felt; are worn by the women of the Arabs of the desert; and extend to the bones of the elbow: (L, TA:) a pair of them is called قُفَّازَانِ: (S, L:) or a thing which the women of the Arabs of the desert make for themselves, stuffed with cotton, covering a woman's two hands, with her fingers, and, some add, having buttons upon the fore arm; like what the carrier of the falcon wears: (Msb:) or a thing which those women make for themselves, covering the fingers and hand and arm: and a thing which the sportsman [meaning the falconer] wears upon each hand, or hand and arm, of skin, or of felt, or wool: (Mgh:) or a kind of women's ornament for the hands and feet, or the hands and arms and the feet and legs: and a reticulated iron thing (حَدِيدَةٌ مُشَبَّكَةٌ, accord. to the TA, as from the K, but in the CK مُشْتَبِكَةٌ,) upon which the falcon sits. (K.) b2: And [hence,] Whiteness in the أَشَاعِر [or hairs next the hoof] of a horse. (K. [See also قَفِزَ, and قُفَّزَ, and أَقْفَزُ.]) قُفَّيْزَى A certain game of children, who set up pieces of wood, or a piece of wood, (the former accord. to the A, and the latter accord. to the K) and leap over them, or it. (A, K, TA.) قَافِزٌ Leaping, jumping, springing, or bounding. (Msb.) b2: خَٰيْلٌ قَافِزَةٌ, and قَوَافِزُ, Swift horses, that leap, jump, spring, or bound, in their running. (K.) b3: القَوَافِزُ The frogs. (Sgh, K.) أَقْفَزُ (S, K) and ↓ مُقَفَّزٌ (S, A, K) (tropical:) A horse whose whiteness of the lower parts of his fore legs extends as far as his مِرْفَقَانِ [properly signifying the elbows; but here, probably meaning, as it seems to do in some other instances, the knees], without his having the like in the hind legs; (S, K;) as though he had gloves (قُفَّازَانِ) put upon him: (S:) or whose whiteness of the lower parts of the legs does not extend beyond the أَشَاعِر [or hairs next the hoof]; as also مُنَعَّلٌ. (A, TA.) تَقْفِيزٌ A scattered whiteness intermingling in the shanks, as far as the knees, of a دَابَّة [meaning, horse]: a signification wrongly assigned by Lth to تَقْفِير. (TA in art. فقر.) مُقَفَّزٌ: see أَقْفَزُ.

سلم

Entries on سلم in 19 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī, Kitāb al-Taʿrīfāt, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Al-Zamakhsharī, Asās al-Balāgha, and 16 more

سلم

1 سَلِمَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَامَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَلَامٌ (A, TA) and سَلَمٌ and سَلْمٌ and سِلْمٌ, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ البَلَآءِ [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and سَلِمَ مِنَ العَيْبِ he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. بَرِئَ. (Msb in art. برأ.) [Hence,] one says, لَا بِذِى تَسْلَمُ مَا كَانَ

گَذَا وَكَذَا, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons لا بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and to a pl. number لا بذى تَسْلَمُونَ, and to a female لا بذى تَسْلَمِينَ, and to a pl. number [of females] لا بذى تَسْلَمْنَ. (ISk, S, K. *) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, meaning, بِذِى سَلَامَتِكِ [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and بذى تَسْلَمُونَ. (Sb, M. [See also ذو.]) And اِذْهَبْ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, i. e. اِذْهَبْ بِسَلَامَتِكَ [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons]

اِذْهَبَا بِذِى تَسْلَمَانِ. (S, K.) ذى is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as آيَة is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase هٰذَا يَوْمُ يُفْعَلُ, meaning يُفْعَلُ فِيهِ: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb تَسْلَمُ [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. خَلَصَت. (Mgh, TA.) A2: سلمهُ, [app. سَلَمَهُ, or perhaps سَلِمَهُ, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as حَسِبَ and وَرِثَ,] inf. n. سلم, [app. سَلَمٌ, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) A3: سَلَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) A4: سَلَمَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [قَرَظ, i. e. leaves of] the سَلَم [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) b2: سَلَمَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) 2 سلّمهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْلِيمٌ, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ اسلمهُ also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] b2: [Hence,] التَّسْلِيمُ is also syn. with السَّلَامُ, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] التَّخْلِيصٌ; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [q. v. infrà, voce سَلَامٌ]; syn. التَّحِيَّةُ. (TA.) You say, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means سَلَّمَهُ, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ May God bless and save him. You say also, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالخِلَافَةِ He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] التَّسْلِيمَةُ signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and سَلَّمَ means He pronounced either of those salutations.] b3: [Hence also,] سلّم إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ اسلم اليه الشىءَ; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and سلّم إِلَيْهِ الوَدِيعَةَ, (Mgh,) or سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ اسلم الثَّوْبَ إِلَى الخَيَّاطِ (Mgh) signifies the same as سلّمهُ إِلَيْهِ [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: You say also, سلّم الأَجِيرُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ أَسْلَمْتُهُ and سَلَّمْتُهُ I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And لِلْهَلَكَةِ ↓ اسلمهُ [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] ل only. (Har p. 166.) and الرَّجُلَ ↓ اسلم, (S, * M, Msb, *) or العَدُوَّ, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) and لِمَا بِهِ ↓ اسلمهُ He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see سَلِيمٌ, third sentence]. (S, * M.) b6: And سلّم أَمْرَهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ and ↓ اسلمهُ, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) b7: And سلّم الدَّعْوَى He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, سلّم أَنَّهُ كَذَا He conceded that it was thus.] b8: And التَّسْلِيمُ signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, سلّم لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ اسلم. (MA.) 3 سالمهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَالَمَةٌ (S, M, Msb) and سِلَامٌ, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and سَالَمَا They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) 4 أَسْلَمَ see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] أَسْلَمَ is syn. with أَسْلَفَ [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) الثَّمَنَ [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سلّم; (M;) and ↓ تسلّم, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ تَسَلَّمَ فِى شَىْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but KT says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, اسلم فِى الطَّعَامِ (S) or فى البُرِّ (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and فى الشَّىْءِ [for the thing], as also ↓ سلّم. (M.) and hence the saying, إِذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِى لِبْدٍ أَوْ شَعَرًا فِى

مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَيْهِ [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) b2: Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; نَفْسَهُ being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ استسلم: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, اسلم لِلّٰهِ [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see مُسْلِمٌ]: (Msb:) [or]

اسلم signifies he entered into السِّلْم, (S, Msb,) which here means الاِسْتِسْلَام [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) b3: And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ تسلّم; (M, * K;) as in the saying, كَانَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ تَسَلَّمَ, i. e. أَسْلَمَ [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of الإِسْلَام. (S, * Msb.) الإِسْلَامُ as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is إِيمَانٌ: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, الاسلام is with the tongue, and الايمان is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with الاسلام, though the ordinances differ. (M.) b4: One says also, أَسْلَمْتُ عَنْهُ, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And اسلم occurs intransitively in the saying, كَانَ رَاعِىَ غَنَمٍ ثُمَّ

أَسْلَمَ, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) b5: [Freytag assigns to اسلم another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a سُلَّم),” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: هَوِىَّ الدَّلْوِ أَسْلَمَهَا الرِّشَآءُ (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of هوى to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, هَوِىّ, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of Az, that الهَوِىُّ, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. هوى.) 5 تسلّم مِنْهُ He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) b2: تسلّم is also syn. with أُسْلَمَ, in two senses: see the latter, in two places.

A2: and تسلّمهُ signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) 6 تسالموا, (M,) and تسالما, (K,) inf. n. تَسَالُمٌ, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] b2: One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) لَا تَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, [for تَتَسَالَمُ,] (M,) or لَا يَتَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for تَسَالَمَتْ, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (تَسَايَرَتْ [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 استلم He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ لَا يَسْتَلَمُ عَلَى

سَخَطِهِ He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] b2: استلم الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) A2: استلم الحَجَرَ He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and اِسْتَلْأَمَهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being استلم, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from سِلَامٌ [pl. of سَلِمَةٌ] signifying “ stones,” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from سَلِمَةٌ signifying “ a stone,” and in the Msb the pl. of سَلِمَةٌ is said to be سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from السَّلَامُ, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation,” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from المُلَآءَمَةُ, meaning الاِجْتِمَاعُ [“ the coming together,” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَسْتَلِمُ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَيُقَبِّلُ المِحْجَنَ [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of الاِسْتِلَامُ is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the سَلِمَة, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said اِسْتَلَمْتُ يَدَهَا, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) b2: استلم الخُفُّ قَدَمَيْهِ means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْلَمَ see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

A2: استسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after واسْتَسْلَمَ انقادَ, for وثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, meaning واستسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, is erroneously put وتَسَلَّمَ الطَّرِيقَ, assigning to تسلّم a meaning belonging to استسلم.]) Q. Q. 2 تَمَسْلَمَ [from مُسْلِمٌ] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) سَلْمٌ: see the next paragraph, in six places.

A2: Also A leathern bucket (دَلْوٌ) having one عُرْوَة [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (دِلَآء) of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the دَلْو of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one عَرْقُوَة [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas دَلْوٌ is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُمٌ and [of mult.] سِلَامٌ, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. أَسَالِمُ, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَسْلُمٌ]. (M.) سِلْمٌ Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سَلَمٌ and ↓ سَلَامٌ are like سِلْمٌ [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or سِلْمٌ signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with مُصَالَحَةٌ. (L voce جَنَحَ, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, أَذَاقَتْهُمُ الحَرْبُ أَنْفَاسَهَا

↓ وَقَدْ تُكْرَهُ الحَرْبُ بَعْدَ السِّلِمْ [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the م to the ل, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like إِبِل, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, أَخَذَ ثَمَانِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ سِلْمًا, or ↓ سَلْمًا, or ↓ سَلَمًا, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also سَلَمٌ below.]) b2: Also i. q. ↓ سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ سَلَمٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا ↓ وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ السَّلَمَ, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. and say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ السَّلَامَ here means the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of الإِسْلَام; and so ↓ السَّلَمَ: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] السَّلَمُ is the subst. from التَّسْلِيمُ; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading السَّلَمَ mentioned above. (TA.) b3: And [hence] السِّلْمُ signifies also الإِسْلَامُ [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, اُدْخُلُوا فِى السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً

[Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ السَّلْمِ, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ السَّلَمُ [also] has the former meaning. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَلْمٌ, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (قَوْمٌ). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, وَرَجْلًا سِلْمًا لِرَجُلٍ, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or سِلْمًا and ↓ سَلْمًا and ↓ سَلَمًا, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading]

سَالِمًا, are all inf. ns. of سَلِمَ, used as epithets [syn. with سَالِمًا], or ذَا is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِى [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] لِأَهْلِكِ فَاقْبَلِى سِلْمِى أَنَائِلُ إِنَّنِى سِلْمٌ [O Náïleh, (نَائِلُ being for نَائِلَةٌ, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that سلمى here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) سَلَمٌ: see سَلَامٌ: and see also سِلْمٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from أَسْلَمَ فِى الشَّىْءِ and سَلَّمَ signifying

أَسْلَفَ, (M,) i. q. سَلَفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. سلف:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of سَلَفٌ:) but it is said in a trad. that the term سَلَمٌ as meaning سَلَفٌ was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) A2: And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) A3: And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَهُ سَلَمًا, (M, TA, [in the TK بِالسَّلَمِ,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce سِلْمٌ. (TA.) A4: Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters سليم, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] عِضَاه, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not غَضَاة, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the قَرَظ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] بَرَمَة [n. un. of بَرَمٌ, see this word, and see also حُبْلَةٌ,] which is the sweetest of the بَرَم in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. أَسْلَامٌ, (M,) and سِلَامٌ is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as إِكَامٌ is of أَكَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ذَاتُ أَسْلَامٍ A land (أَرْض) that gives growth to the [trees called] سَلَم. (K.) See also سلَمَان.

سَلِمٌ Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ سِلَامٌ: (M:) and ↓ سَلِمَةٌ [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, سَلَمَةٌ, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of سَلِمَةٌ in this sense is ↓ سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ سَلِمَةٌ signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ سِلَامٌ is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (سلَامَة) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or سلام [probably meaning ↓ سَلَامٌ] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also سَلَمَان. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn-'Anameh, IB, TA,) يَرْمِى وَرَائِى بِامْسَهْكِ وَامْسَهْمِ وَامْسَلِمَهْ [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of ام for ال] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) السِّلِمْ for السِّلْمْ: see سِلْمٌ, second sentence.

سَلِمَةٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: and سَلَمَان.

A2: Also A woman soft, or tender, in the أَطْرَاف [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) b2: And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) سَلْمَى A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] صَيْف [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَى The [species of lizard called] وَزَغ: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ أَبُو سَلْمَانَ. (TA.) b3: See also the next paragraph. b4: [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to سُلَامَى is assigned to سَلْمَى.]

السَّلْمَآء, accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., أَنْفٌ قِى المَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from سلام [i. e. سِلَامٌ] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ السَّلْمَى, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, أَنْفٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ.]

هُوَ سَلْمَانُ بَيْتِهِ He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلِ البَيْتِ [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَانَ: see سَلْمَى. b3: Also A species of the [black beetles called] جِعْلَان [pl. of جُعَلٌ, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. جُعَلٌ, (IAar, K,) or أَبُو جَعْرَان, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the ج: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the جِعْلَان: or a certain insect like the جُعَل, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] خَنَافِس [pl. of خُنْفَسَآءُ, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. فرض.) سَلَمَان or سَلِمَان, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, كَانَ يُصَلِّى عِنْدَ سَلَمَانٍ فِى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ سَلَمَةٌ, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ سَلِمَةٌ, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ سَلَامَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ سَلَمٌ, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a و before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ سَلَامَةٌ: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the ة, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ is an announcement of the continuance of سَلَامَة [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for سَلَامَة, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ, without the article ال; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply وَالسَّلَام, suppressing عَلَيْكَ.]) In saluting the dead, one puts عَلَيْكَ first, saying, عَلَيْكَ سَلَامُ اللّٰهِ. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ↓ لَا بِسَلَامَتِكَ [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) السُّلَامُ is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for ذُو السَّلَامِ, i. e. ذُو السَّلَامَةِ,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making سَلَامٌ to be syn. with ↓ سَالِمٌ, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) دَارُ السَّلَامِ is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) b2: See also سِلْمٌ, in four places. b3: [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) [i. e.] from التُّسْلِيمُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) like كَلَامٌ from التَّكْلِيمُ. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) b4: In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, سَلَامًا], this last word signifies تَسَلُّمًا, (Sb, M,) or تَسَلُّمًا مِنْكُمْ [ for نَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكُمْ تَسَلُّمًا We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and مُتَارَكَهً لَلُمْ [ for نُتَارِكُكُمْ مُتَارَكَةً we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the سلام that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying وَعَلَيْكَ or وَعَلَيْكُمْ:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, إِذَا لَقِيتَ فُلَانًا فَقُلْ سَلَامًا, meaning تَسَلُّمًا [for أَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكَ تَسَلُّمًا, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said سَلَامٌ, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَالسَّلَام, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.]

A2: See also سَلِيمٌ.

A3: Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called عِضَاه: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ سِلَامٌ; (K;) or this is pl. of سَلَمَةٌ [n. un. of سَلَمٌ], which is of another kind; like as إِكَامٌ is pl. of أَكَمَةٌ: (IB, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, M.) السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, الجَثْجَاثُ عَلَيْكَ: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) A4: See also سَلِمٌ, in two places.

سِلَامٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: A2: and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two.

سَلِيمٌ i. q. ↓ سَالِمٌ, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. سُلَمَآءُ; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K سَلْمَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of جَرِيحٌ or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from سَلِيمٌ in the sense here next following. (Bd.) b2: Also i. q. لَدِيغٌ [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَلَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسْلُومٌ: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (مُسْلَمٌ) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. سَلْمَى. (M, and Ham p. 214.) A2: Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the أَشْعَر [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the أَمْعَر [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) سَلَامَةٌ [the most usual inf. n. of سَلِمَ]: see سَلَامٌ, in three places.

A2: Also n. un. of سَلَامٌ applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) سُلَامَى, a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the فِرْسِن [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the سُلَامَى of the camel are the bones of the فُرْسِن [or foot]: (M:) [for] سُلَامَى is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is سُلَامَيَاتٌ: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سُلَامَيَةٌ, signifying the أَنْمَلَة [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which مُخّ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the سُلَامَى and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. سُلَامَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) or سُلَامَى, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the أَصَابِع, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the قَصَب, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the أَصَابِع: accord. to Lth, the سلامى are the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] and the أَشَاجِع and the أَكَارِع, and are hard and compact bones like كِعَاب [pl. of كَعْبٌ]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the إِصْبَع [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms سُلَامَى and سُلَامَيَاتٌ are sometimes applied, (see أَشْجَعُ and مُشْظٌ,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the سلاميات are the عُرُوق [app. a mistake for عِظَام i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) سلامى is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six سلاميات [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term سلامى is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see فَصٌّ]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write سلامى otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) A2: سُلَامَى, (M, K,) like سُكَّارَى, (K, TA, [in the CK like سَكْرٰى, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (M, K.) سَلَامَانٌ A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) Az says, it is like the أَلَآء, which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (ذُرَة), except that it is smaller than the الآء; tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the الآء; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. الأ:) n. un. with ة. (M.) نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانُ Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce أَحْوَى, in art. حو.) سُلَّمٌ A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. مِرْقَاةٌ, (M, K,) and دَرَجَةٌ, (M,) or مِعْرَاجٌ, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (يُسَلِّمُكَ) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (السَّلَامَة) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, هِىَ السُّلَّمُ and هُوَ السُّلَّمُ; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. سَلَالِيمُ (S, Mgh, K) and سَلَالِمُ, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the ى in سَلَالِيمُ is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] السُّلَّمُ (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] العَانَةُ, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the سُلَّم [above-mentioned]. (TA.) b2: And The غَرْز [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the سُلَّم upon which one ascends. (TA.) b4: And السُّلَّمُ is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) سَالِمٌ: see سَلِيمٌ; and see سَلَامٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce شَاجِبٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] كَلِمَةٌ سَالِمَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) A2: The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, وَجِلْدَةُ بَيْنَ العَيْنِ وَالأَنْفِ سَالِمُ (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) أَسْلَمُ [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, هٰذَا أَسْلَمُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This is more safe &c. than this]: and هٰذَا الأَسْلَمُ [This is the most safe &c.]; and هٰذِهِ السُّلْمَى. (Ham p. 214.) A2: And الاسلم [app. الأَسْلَمُ] signifies, like الطفى [i. e. الطَّفْىُ]; The leaves (خُوص) of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) الإِسْلَامُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from الإِيمَانُ, as shown above: see 4. b3: and hence, for أَهْلُ الإِسْلَامِ, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. بيض, &c.) إِسْلَامِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الأِسْلَام as meaning the religion of Mohammad. b2: And particularly] A poet of the class next after the مُخَضْرَمُون and next before the مُوَلَّدُون. (Mz 49th نوع.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. جَرِير.) b3: لَفْظٌ إِسْلَامِىٌّ A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of الإِسْلَام, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th نوع.) الأُسَيْلِمُ [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) مُسْلِمٌ act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. مُخْلِصَيْنِ: (M, Bd:) and therefore مسلمين is made trans. by means of ل. (M.) b2: [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of الإِسْلَام.] And one says, ↓ كَأَنَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ هُوَاليَوْمَ مُسْلَمَةٌ [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) مَسْلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُسَلَّم is said to be used in the sense of ↓ المُسْتَلَم in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالكَعْبَةِ المُسَلَّممِ [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) مَسْلُومٌ: see سَلِيمٌ. b2: b3: Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [قَرَظ, or leaves of] the سَلَم. (S, M.) أَرْضٌ مَسْلُومَآءُ A land abounding with the trees called سَلَم. (M, K.) b2: Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that مَسْلُومَآءُ is a name for A collection of سَلَم; like مَشْيُوخَآءُ applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) المُسْتَلَم: see المُسَلَّم. b2: مُسْتَلَمُ القَدَمَيْنِ meansA man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.)

لوى

Entries on لوى in 10 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Zayn al-Dīn al-Razī, Mukhtār al-Ṣiḥāḥ, Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Muḥammad al-Fattinī, Majmaʿ Biḥār al-Anwār fī Gharāʾib al-Tanzīl wa Laṭāʾif al-Akhbār, and 7 more

لو

ى1 لَوَى عَلَيْهِ He waited for him. (Msb.) b2: مَرَّ لَا يَلْوِى عَلَى أَحَدٍ He went along, not pausing nor waiting for any one. (Msb.) See the Kur-án, iii. 147. b3: لَوَاهُ بِدَيْنِهِ i. q. مَطَلَهُ. (S, Msb, K.) b4: لَوَى He twisted a thing; turned or wreathed it round or about: contorted it: wound it: curled it: curved it: or bent it. (K, &c.) and He, or it, turned him from his course; made him to deviate, or swerve. b5: لَوَى عَلَيْهِ He went round it, or round about it. (Bd, in liii. 20.) b6: لَوَى

عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَهُ [He mode his case, or affair, difficult and intricate to him: see إِلْتَوّى عَلَيْهِ]. (S, K, art. عوص.) b7: لَوَى خَبَرَهُ, (assumed tropical:) He concealed his information. (T, TA.) And لَوَى أَمْرَهُ عِنِّى (tropical:) He concealed his affair from me. (K, TA.) 4 أَلْوَى بِالكَلَامِ He distorted, wrested, or wrung, the language. (M, K.) [Hence, perhaps, فُلَانٌ يُلْوِى بِخَصْمِهِ, if the verb be correctly thus: see عُقْمِىَ, last sentence.]5 تَلَوَّى It twisted, or coiled, itself: (KL:) it became twisted, or coiled: one says, تَلَوَّتِ الحَيَّةُ. (MA.) b2: تَلَوَّى مِنْ وَجَعِ الضَّرْبِ [He writhed by reason of the pain of beating]. (M, A, K, art. ضور.) 6 يَتَلاَوَيَانِ said of two serpents [They twist together]: see عَقاَمٌ, last sentence.8 اِلْتَوَى, neuter verb, It twisted: wound: bent. (K, &c.) b2: اِلْتَوَى عَلَيْهِ It (an affair) became difficult; or difficult and intricate. (TA.) b3: الْتَوَتْ عَلَىَّ حَاجَتِى My want became difficult of attainment. (TA.) b4: التوى عَلَيْهِ also He acted, or behaved, perversely towards him.

لِوَآءٌ A banner, or standard, syn. عَلَمٌ, (M, Mgh, K,) of a commander, (T,) or of an army, less than the رَايَة, being a strip of cloth, twisted, or wound, and tied to a spear-shaft. (Mgh.) See رِفَادَةٌ.

Respecting the لِوَآء of the Kaabeh, see سَدَنَ and فَادَةٌ.

سَوَّآءٌ لَوَّآءٌ: see art. سوى.

اللَّوَا occurs in poetry for اللَّوَاتِى. (TA in art. شرف.) أَلْوَى Very contentious. (K.) See an ex. voce مُسْتَمَرّ.

رأى

Entries on رأى in 9 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Zayn al-Dīn al-Razī, Mukhtār al-Ṣiḥāḥ, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Muḥammad al-Fattinī, Majmaʿ Biḥār al-Anwār fī Gharāʾib al-Tanzīl wa Laṭāʾif al-Akhbār, and 6 more

ر

أى

رَأَى, (S, M, &c.,) for which some say رَا [suppressing the ء and the ى,] (M,) and some say رَآءَ, (T in art. بوأ, and M and K in art. ريأ,) like خَافَ, (TA in the latter art.,) formed by transposition, (T in art. بوأ,) first Pers\. رَأَيْتُ, (M, Msb, K, &c.,) for which some say رَيْتُ, without ء, (T, S, M,) but the former is that which is general and preferred, (T, M,) aor. ـَ (T, S, M,) for which يَرْأَى, agreeably with the root, is said by none except [the tribe of] Teym-erRibáb, (T, M,) or by such as require this form in poetry, (S,) sec. Pers\. fem. sing. and pl., alike, تَرَيْنَ, so that you say تَرَيْنَنِى [with an affixed pronoun], and if you will you may say تَرَيْنِّى, incorporating one ن into the other by teshdeed, (S,) imperative رَ and إِرْءَ (Az, T, S, M,) the people of El-Hijáz saying رَ dual رَيَا, pl. masc.

رَوْا and fem. رَيْنَ, and Teym saying اِرْءَ &c., (T, M,) inf. n. رُؤْيَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and رِيَّةٌ, (T, M, K,) the former being altered to رُوْيَةٌ and then to رُيَّةٌ and then to رِيَّةٌ, (T, M,) and رَأْىٌ (T, S, K) and رَآءَةٌ, (S, M, K, [in the CK رَأَة,]) like رَاعَةٌ [in measure], (S,) in which the ة is not necessarily a restrictive to unity, (M,) and رَايَةٌ (K [but this I do not find elsewhere]) and رِئْيَانٌ, (Lh, M, TA,) for which last we find in the copies of the K رُؤْيَان, (TA,) He saw [a person or thing] with the eye: (S:) in this sense the verb has [only] one objective complement: (S, Msb:) you say, رَأَيْتُهُ (T, M, Msb, K) and ↓ اِــستَرْــأَيْتُهُ, (T, M, K,) for which some say اِــسْتَرَــيْتُهُ, (T, M,) and ↓ اِرْتَأَيْتُهُ, (T, M, K,) for which some say اِرْتَيْتُهُ, (T, M,) all signifying the same, (T, M, K,) I saw him, or it, (a person and a thing, Msb) with the eye; (T, M, Msb, K, TA;) [or so,] and also, with the mind. (M and K in relation to the first, and K in relation to all.) رُؤْيَةٌ is of several sorts: (TA:) first, it signifies The seeing with the eye: (M, K, TA:) and with what serves for the same purpose as the organ of sight; as in the saying in the Kur [ix. 106], وَقُلِ اعْمَلُوا فَسَيَرَىاللّٰهُ عَمَلَكُمْ [And Say thou, Work ye, for God will see your work]; because the sense of sight cannot be attributed to God: (TA:) [and similar to this is the phrase, رَأَى فِيهِ كَذَا He saw in him such a thing: and رَأَى مِنْهُ كَذَا He experienced from him such a thing.] Secondly, The seeing by supposition, or fancy; as in the saying, أَرَى أَنَّ زَيْدًا مُنْطَلِقٌ [I suppose, or fancy, that Zeyd is going away]. (TA.) Thirdly, The seeing by reflection, or consideration; as in the saying [in the Kur viii. 50], إِنِّى أَرَى مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ [Verily I see by reflection, or consideration, what ye see not]. (TA.) Fourthly, The seeing with the mind, or mentally; [the opining, or judging, a thing; a sense in which the inf. n. رَأْىٌ is more commonly used;] (M, * K, * TA;) as in the saying in the Kur [liii. 11], مَا كَذَبَ الفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى [The heart did not belie what he mentally saw]. (TA.) [Of these meanings, other exs. here follow; with exs. of similar meanings.] b2: An ex. of رَا for رَأَى occurs in the saying of a poet, مَنْ رَا مِثْلَ مَعْدَانَ بْنِ َحْيَى

[Who has seen the like of Maadán the son of Yahyà? the measure being وَافِر, with the first foot reduced to مُفْعَلْتُنْ]. (M.) الحَمْدُلِلّٰهِ عَلَى

رِيَّتِكِ, for رُؤْيَتِكَ, altered in the manner explained above, [meaning Praise be to God for the seeing of thee,] (M, K, *) is a saying mentioned by IAar. (M.) صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ means [Fast ye] at the time of seeing it; [referring to the new moon of Ramadán;] i. e., when ye see it. (Mgh.) In the phrase رَأَيْتُهُ قَائِمًا [I saw him standing], قائما is in the accus. case as a denotative of state. (Msb.) رَأْىُ عَيْنِى زَيْدًا فَعَلَ ذَاكَ [My eye saw (lit. my eye's seeing) Zeyd do that] is held by Sb to be an instance of an anomalous use of an inf. n., and is [said to be] the only instance of the kind, among inf. ns. of trans. verbs except سَمْعُ أُذُنِى. (M, TA: but in a copy of the former written رَأْىَ عينى and سَمْعَاذنى.) رَأَيْتُهُ رَأْىَ العَيْنِ means[I saw him, or it,] where the eye, or sight, fell upon him, or it. (TA.) بِعَيْنٍ مَّا أَرَيَنَّكَ [lit. With some eye I will assuredly see thee] is a saying mentioned by Az as meaning hasten thou, (اِعْجَلْ thus in copies of the S and in the TA, or عَجِّلْ as in one copy of the S,) or work thou, (اِعْمَلْ, thus in two copies of the S,) and be as though I were looking at thee: (S, TA:) it is said to one whom you send, and require to be quick; and means pause not for anything, for it is as though I were looking at thee. (TA in art. عين.) رَأَى المَكَانُ المَكَانَ (tropical:) The place faced [or (as we say) looked upon] the place, as though seeing it, (M, TA,) is tropical: (TA:) [and in like manner you say,] دَارِى تَرَى دَارَهُ (tropical:) My house faces [or looks upon] his house. (T, IAth, TA.) b3: رَأَىفِى مَنَامِهِ رُؤْيَا [He saw, i. e. fancied that he saw, in his sleep, a vision, or dream]. (S, Msb, K. *) b4: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى كَذَا [Has thou not considered such a thing, so as to be admonished thereby?] is a phrase used on an occasion of wonder (IAth, K, TA) at a thing, and in rousing the attention of the person to whom it is addressed; as in the saying in the Kur [ii. 244], أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ [Hast thou not considered those who went forth from their houses, so as to be admonished by their case?]; meaning, hast thou not wondered at their act, and has not their case come to thy knowledge? and so in other instances in the same: (IAth, TA:) Er-Rághib says that, when رَأَيْت is made trans. by means of إِلَى, it denotes consideration that leads to the becoming admonished. (TA.) In like manner also, (IAth, K,) أَرَأَيْتَكَ and أَرَأَيْتَكُمَا and أَرَأَيْتَكُمْ, (T, IAth, K,) and to a woman أَرَأَيْتَكِ, and to a pl. number of women أَرَأَيْتَكُنَّ, (T,) [which may be lit. rendered Hast thou, and have ye two, &c., considered?] are expressions used to arouse attention, (IAth, TA,) meaning tell thou me and tell ye two me &c.; (T, IAth, K;) as in the saying in the Kur [xvii. 64], قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَكَ هٰذَا الَّذِى كَرَّمْتُ عَلَىَّ [He said, Hast thou considered? meaning tell me, respecting this whom Thou hast honoured above me]; and in the same [vi. 40 and 47], قَلْ أَرَأَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُ اللّٰهِ [Say thou, Have ye considered? meaning tell me, if the punishment of God come upon you]; and occurring without the ك in other places thereof: (IAth, TA:) you say also, أَرَأَيْتَ زَيْدًا and أَرَأَيْتَكَ زَيْدًا, meaning Tell thou me [respecting Zeyd]: (Mgh:) and for أَرَأَيْتَ and أَرَأَيْتَكَ [&c.] some say أَرَيْتَ and أَرَيْتَكَ: (S:) the pronunciation without ء is the more common: the ت in أَرَأَيْتَكَ &c. is always with fet-h; and accord. to the grammarians of accredited science, the ك in these cases is redundant; (T;) [i. e.] it is a particle of allocution, to corroborate the pronoun [ت, which it therefore immediately follows in every case, distinguishing the genders and numbers by its own variations, which are the same as those of the pronominal affix of the second person]: (Bd in vi. 40:) [IHsh says,] the correct opinion is that of Sb; that the ت is an agent, and the ك is a particle of allocution: (Mughnee in art. ك:) but sometimes أَرَأَيْتَكَ &c. mean هَلْ رَأَيْتَ نَفْسَكَ &c.; the ك being in this case an objective complement [and the verb being differently rendered according as it has not, or has, a second objective complement, as is shown here by what precedes and what follows]. (T.) In أَتُرَاكَ, also, [from ↓ أُرِىَ, not from رُئِىَ,] meaning اتظنّ [i. e. أَتَظُنُّ, Thinkest thou?], the pronoun [as some term it, but properly the final particle,] is [a particle of allocution] like that in أَرَأَيْتَكَ in the Kur vi. 40 and 47 [cited above; and in the same sense as this latter phrase, أَتُرَاكَ is used, as meaning tell thou me]. (Har p. 570.) b5: When رَأَى means He knew, (S, Msb,) or he thought, (Msb,) it has two objective complements: (S, Msb:) or when it has two objective complements, it necessarily means knowing [or the like]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [In this case, رَآهُ may be rendered He saw, or knew, him, or it, to be: and he thought, or judged, or held, him, or it, to be; or he regarded, or held, him, or it, as.] Yousay, رَأَيْتُ زَيْدًا عَالِمًا, (S, Msb, *) or حَلِيمًا, (M,) I knew [or saw Zeyd to be learned, or forbearing]; (S, M, Msb;) as though seeing him to be so with the eye: (M:) and I thought him [&c.] to be so. (Msb.) In like manner, also, ↓ تَرَآءَيْتُهُ signifies I thought him to be. (Har p. 211.) يَرَوْنَهُمْ مِثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْىَ العَيْنِ, in the Kur [iii. 11], means They [who were the unbelievers] thinking them [who were fighting in the cause of God] twice as many as they, according to the evidence of the sight of the eye. (TA.) The pass. form of رَأَى has [only] one objective complement: you say, رُئِىَ زَيْدٌ عَاقِلًا, meaning Zeyd was thought [to be intelligent]: (TA:) and اَلَّذِى أُرَاهُ, with the verb in the pass. form, means الذىاظنّ [i. e.

أُظَنُّ, He whom I am thought to be; if from رُئِىَ: or الذىأَظُنُّ, what I think, if from ↓ أُرِىَ: it is often used in the latter sense]. (Msb.) b6: You say also, رَأَى فِى الأَمْرِ رَأْيًا [He formed, or held, an opinion, or a persuasion, or a belief, respecting the affair, or case]: (Msb:) and so فِىالفِقْهِ [in the science of the law]. (S.) and الَّذِى أَرَاهُ That to which I take, or which I hold, as my opinion, or persuasion, or belief. (Msb.) and فُلَانٌ يَرَى رَأْىَ الشُّرَاةِ Such a one holds, or believes, the tenets, or belief, of the شراة [a certain sect of schismatics; pl. of شَارٍ]. (M.) When رَأَى is [thus] used as meaning He held, or believed, it has [only] one objective complement. (Msb.) b7: لَا تَرَ مَا (T, K, TA, [mentioned also in the K in art. ترم, in which art. in the CK CK it is written لا تَرْما,]) and لَا تَرَى مَا, and لَوْ تَرَ مَا, and لَوْ تَرَىمَا, (T, TA, [in copies of the K أَوْتَرَ مَا, which I think a mistranscription, and for which is put in the TA, as on the authority of IAar, اذ تر ما, app. a mistranscription of a mistranscription, i. e. of اوترما,]) and لَمْ تَرَ مَا, (T, K, TA,) in this last case with تَرَ [only, agreeably with a general rule], are forms of expression meaning لَا سِيَّمَا [i. e., virtually, Above all, or especially]: (T, K, TA:) you say, إِنَّهُ لَخَبِيثٌ وَلَا تَرَ مَا فُلَانٌ and وَ لَا تَرَى مَا فُلَانٌ and وَ لَوْ تَرَ مَا فُلَانٌ and وَلَوْ تَرَى

مَا فُلَانٌ and .َلَمْ تَرَ مَا فُلَانٌ [i. e. Verily he is bad, or base, or wicked; and above all, or especially, such a one: وَلَا تَرَ مَا فُلَانٌ, or وَلَا تَرَىمَا فُلَانٌ, properly meaning وَلَا تَرَىمِثْلَ الَّذِى هُوَ فُلَانٌ and thou will not see the like of him who is such a one; مِثْلَ and هُوَ being understood: and in like manner are to be explained the other forms of expression here mentioned]: in all of these forms, فلان is in the nom. case: all are mentioned by Lh, on the authority of Ks. (T, TA.) b8: رَأَتْ is also said of a woman, as meaning She saw what is termed التَّرْئِيَة and التَّرِيَّة, i. e., a little yellowness or whiteness or blood on the occasion of menstruation. (M.) A2: رَأَيْتُهُ [form الرِّئَةُ] I hit, or hurt, (S, M, Msb, K, *) or struck, or smote, (Er-Rághib, TA,) his رِئَة [or lungs]: (S, M, Msb, K, Er-Rághib:) and so وَرَيْتُهُ. (Msb.) b2: And رُئِىَ He had a complaint of his رِئَة [or lungs]; (M;) as also ↓ أَرْأَى. (T, K.) A3: رَأَيْتُ رَايَةً I stuck, or fixed, a banner, or standard, (T in art. رى, and K in the present art.,) into the ground; (TA;) as also ↓ أَرَأَيْتُهَا, (T, K,) as some say: (T:) the latter is mentioned by Lh; but [ISd says,] I hold that it is anomalous, and is properly only أَرَيَيْتُهَا. (M in art. رى, and TA.) A4: رَأَىالزَّنْدُ [like وَرَى and وَرِىَ] The زند [or piece of wood for producing fire] became kindled. (Kr, M, K.) b2: And رَأَيْتُ الزَّنْدَ I kindled the زند. (M, K.) 2 رَأَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَرْئِيَةٌ, I held for him, or to him, (Az, T, S,) or I showed, or presented, to him, (M, K,) or I withheld, or retained, or restricted, for him, [i. e. for his use,] (Az, * T, * S, * M, K,) the mirror, in order that he might look in it, (Az, T, S, K,) or in order that he might see himself in it; (M;) as also المِرْآةَ ↓ أَرَيْتُهُ. (M.) b2: See also 3.3 رَآءَيْتُهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. مُرَاآةٌ and رِئَآءٌ, (M,) I faced, so that I saw, him, or it; (M, K;) as also ↓ تَرَآءَيْتُهُ. (M.) b2: Also, inf. ns. as above, [I acted hypocritically, or with simulation, towards him;] I pretended to him that I was otherwise than I really was; (M, K; *) as also ↓ رَأَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَرْئِيَةٌ: (K:) both are mentioned by Fr: (T:) [accord. to J,] رَآءَى فُلَانٌ النَّاسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مُرَاآةٌ, and رَايَاهُمْ, inf. n. مُرَايَاةٌ, the latter formed by transposition, [which indicates, though written as above in my copies of the S, that we should read رَايَأَهُمْ, inf. n. مُرَايَأَةٌ,] signify the same: (S:) [but it is said in the Mgh that رَايَا (perhaps thus written for رَايَأَ) in the sense of رَآءَى is a mistake: and] رَآءَى signifies [he acted ostentatiously; i. e.] he did a deed in order that men might see it: (Mgh:) or رِئَآءٌ signifies the making a show of what one does to men, in order that they may see it and think well of it: and the acting otherwise than for the sake of God: (Msb, TA:) and it is said in the S to be a subst. [as distinguished from an inf. n.; but why so, I do not see]. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [cvii. 6], اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاؤُونَ Who act hypocritically; when the believers pray, praying with them, pretending to them that they follow the same way [of religion] as they: (M, TA:) or who make a show of their works to men, in order to be praised by them. (Bd.) And مَنْ رَآءَى رَآءَى اللّٰهُ بِهِ He who does a deed in order that men may see it, God will expose his doing so on the day of resurrection. (Mgh) And فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ رِئَآءً وَسُمْعَةً [He did that in order to make others to see it and hear of it]. (S.) [See also 4.] b3: In the saying of El-Farezdak, satirizing a people, and charging one of their women with that which is not comely, وَ بَاتَ يُرَاآهَا حَصَانًا وَ قَدْ جَرَتْ لَنَا بُرَتَاهَا بِالَّذِى أَنَ شَاكِرُهْ [And he passed the night thinking her chaste, when her two anklets had run to us with that for which I was thankful], by يُرَاآهَا [with حَصَانًا following it] he means يَظُنُّ أَنَّهَا حَصَانٌ, i. e. عَفِيفَةٌ; and by جَرَتْ لَنَا بُرَتَاهَا he means أَنَّهَا أَمْكَنَتْهُ مِنْ رِجْلَيْهَا حَتَّى غَشِيَهَا. (T.) b4: رَآءَيْتُهُ also signifies I consulted with him; or asked his counsel, or advice: (T, K: *) and فِى الرَّأْىِ ↓ اِــسْتَرْــأَيْتُهُ I consulted him, or asked his counsel, or advice, respecting the opinion. (T, K.) 'Imrán Ibn-Hittán says, فَإِنْ نَكُنْ نَحْنُ شَاوَرْنَاكَ قُلْتَ لَنَا بِالنُّصْحِ مِنْكَ لَنَا فِيمَا نُرَائِيكَا i. e. [And if we ask thy counsel, or advice, thou pronouncest to us, with honesty on thy part towards us, concerning that] respecting which we ask thy counsel, or advice. (T.) 4 أَرَيْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ, (IAar, T, S, M, K,) originally

أَرَأَيْتُهُ, (S,) inf. n. إِرَآءَةٌ (Sb, IAar, T, M, K) and إِرَايَةٌ (IAar, T) and إِرَآءٌ, (Sb, IAar, T, M, K,) [the last originally إِرْأَاءٌ,] the ة in the first inf. n. being a substitute [for the suppressed أ, and in like manner in the second], and the last inf. n. being without any substitution, (Sb, M,) [I made him to see the thing; i. e. I showed him the thing:] you say, أَرَيْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ فَرَآهُ [I showed him the thing, and he saw it[. (S.) See also 8. Aboo-'Amr read أَرْنَا مَنَاسِكَنَا, [in the Kur ii. 122, for أَرِنَا i. e. Show Thou to us our religious rites and caremonies of the pilgrimage, or our places where those rites and ceremonies are to be performed,] which is anomalous. (M.) b2: One says also, أَرَى اللّٰهُ بِفُلَانٍ, meaning God showed men by [the example of] such a one punishment and destruction: (K:) or God showed by [the example of] such a one that which would cause his enemy to rejoice at his misfortune: a saying of the Arabs: (T in art. رى:) said only in relation to evil. (Sh, TA.) b3: And أَرِنِى الشَّىْءَ Give thou, or hand thou, to me the thing. (M, TA.) b4: أَرَى

in the sense of أَعْلَمَ [as meaning He made such a one to know a thing, or person, to be, as in the saying, أَرَيْتُ زَيْدًا عَمْرًامُنْطَلِقًا I made Zeyd to know “ Amr to be going away, which may be rendered I showed Zeyd that 'Amr was going away,] requires [as this ex. shows] three objective complements. (M, and Bd in iv. 106. [See I “ AK, p. 117.]) b5: This is not the case in the saying in the Kur [iv. 106], لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسَ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللّٰهُ; (M, Bd;) for here it has but two objective complements, namely, the ك in اراك, and the suppressed pronoun هُ in أَرَاكَهُ: it is in this instance from الرَّأْىُ in the sense of الإِعْتِقَادُ: (M:) the meaning is, [That thou mayest judge between men] by means of that which God hath taught thee, syn. عَرَّفَكَ, (Ksh, Bd,) or عَلَّمَكَ, (Jel,) and revealed to thee. (Ksh, Bd.) b6: See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places, in which the pass., أُرِىَ, is mentioned.

A2: أَرْأَى [as an intrans. v., preserving the original form, inf. n. إِرْآءٌ, as below,] He looked in the mirror; (T, K;) and so فِى المِرْآةِ ↓ تَرَأَّى and فِيهَا ↓ تَرَآءَى: (T, M, K:) or ↓ تَرَآءَى signifies he (a man) looked at his face in the mirror or in the sword: (S:) and فِى المَآءِ ↓ تَمَرْأَى he looked at his face in the water; the doing of which is forbidden in a trad; of the measure تَمَفْعَلَ [from المِرْآةُ]; mentioned by Sb; like تَمَسْكَنَ from المِسْكِينُ, and تَمَدْرَعَ from المِدْرَعَةُ, and تَمَنْدَلَ from المِنْدِيلُ. (M.) b2: He (a man) had many dreams. (T, K. *) b3: He moved his eyelids, (K,) or made much motion with his eyes, (T,) in looking: (T, K:) you say, هُوَ يُرْئِىبِعَيْنَيْهِ, (TA,) and يُرَأْرِئٌ بِعَيْنَيْهِ. (T, TA. *) b4: He acted (T, K) well, or righteously, (T,) in order to make others see what he did, and hear of it. (T, K.) [See also 3.] b5: He possessed, or became possessed of, intelligence (K, TA) and judgment and forecast: (TA:) inf. n. إِرْآءٌ. (K, TA. [The inf. n. is mentioned with this signification, in the K, app. because it is the first there explained, and therefore as applying to the verb in all its senses.]) b6: And He had the appearance, or evidence, of foolishness, or stupidity, in his face: (T, K, TA: [the words by which Az explains this meaning are تَبَيَّنَتْ

آراؤهُ فى وَجْهِهِ وهى الحماقةُ, accord. to one copy of the T; in another copy of the same, الرؤاه: the TA follows the former reading: but the right reading is الرَّأْوَةٌ; mentioned in the T, thus correctly written, in art. رأرأ; in the S, in the present art; and in the M, in art. رأو, which is its proper art., and therefore the proper art. of the verb in the sense thus explained:]) thus it bears two contr. meanings. (K. [But it is added in the TA that this requires consideration.]) b7: Also He had what is termed a رَئِىّ, of the jinn, or genii; (T, K, TA;) i. e., a follower, of the jinn. (TA.) b8: And He followed the opinion, or belief, of some one, or more, of the lawyers (K, TA) in the science of the law. (TA.) b9: أَرْأَتْ said of a she-camel and of a ewe or she-goat, (M,) and of any female in a state of pregnancy, except a solidhoofed animal and a beast of prey, Her udder showed her to be pregnant: (M, K:) and in like manner it is said of a woman: (M:) or, said of a ewe or she-goat, she was, or became, big in her udder: (S:) and accord. to IAar, said of a she-goat, she was, or became, swollen in her vulva, and her being so became apparent, or evident. (M.) And أَرْأَى said of a man, His ewe, or she-goat, was, or became, black in her udder. (T.) A3: See also 1, in two places, near the end of the paragraph.

A4: [It is also said in the K and TA that أَرأَى, said of a camel, means اِنْتَكَثَ خَطْمُهُ عَلَى حَلْقِهِ; in the CK انْتَكَبَ; and in the TA this is said to be on the authority of En-Nadr: but in a copy of the T, I find it stated, on the authority of ISh, (i. e. En-Nadr,) that الارآ (i. e. الإِرْآءُ) signifies انتكاثُ خطم البَعيرِ على حَلْقِه: in another copy of the T, on the authority of En-Nadr, that الرآ (a mistranscription for الإِرْآءُ) signifies انتكاث خطم البعير خِلقة: and it is added that the epithet applied to a camel is مُرأى (as in one copy, i. e. ↓ مُرْأَى, and thus it is written in the TA, but in the other copy of the T مراْى, an obvious mistranscription); and to camels, مُرآاتٌ (as in one copy, for مُرْأَاتٌ, i. e. مُرْآتٌ, in the other copy of the T erroneously written مُرَأاة, and in the TA مرايات): therefore the verb is evidently أُرْئِىَ, in the pass. form, inf. n. إِرْآءٌ; and I think that the correct explanation is اِنْتَكَثَ خَطْمُهُ خِلْقَةً, app. meaning His muzzle was thin, or lean, by nature: see art. نكث: and see also مُرْأًى below.]5 ترأّى فِى المِرْآةِ: see 4, in the former half of the paragraph. b2: ترأّى لِى: see the paragraph here following.6 تَرَآءَوْا They saw one another: (M, K:) dual تَرَآءَيَا. (TA.) And تَرَآءَى الجَمْعَانِ, (S, TA,) in the Kur [xxvi. 61], (TA,) The two bodies of people saw each other: (S:) or approached and faced each other so that each was able to see the other. (TA.) And تَرَآءَيْنَا We met and saw each other. (A'Obeyd, T.) See also 3, first sentence. It is said in a trad, (T,) لَاتَرَاآنَاراهُمَا, [for تَتَرَاآ, as it is written in some copies of the K,] (T, K,) [i. e. (tropical:) Their two fires shall not be within sight of each-other;] meaning that the Muslim may not dwell in the country of the believers in a plurality of gods, and be with them so that each of them shall see the fire of the other: (T, K *) so says A'Obeyd: or, accord. to AHeyth, it means that the Muslim may not mark himself with the mark of the believer in a plurality of gods, nor assimilate himself to him in conduct and guise, nor assume his manners, or dispositions; from the phrase مَا نَارُ بَعِيرِكَ, meaning “ What is the brand of thy camel? ” (T:) IAth explains it similarly to A'Obeyd; and says that the verb is thus used tropically. (TA.) b2: ترآءى لِى He addressed, or presented, himself [to my sight, or] in order that I might see him; as also لى ↓ ترأّى. (M, K.) And ترآءى لَهُ شَىْءٌ مِنَ الجِنِّ [Somewhat of the jinn, or genii, presented itself to his sight]. (S.) b3: ترآءى النَّخْلُ The palm-trees showed the colours of their unripe dates. (AHn, M, K.) b4: تَرَآءَيْنَا الهِلَالَ We tasked the sight by trying whether or not we could see the new moon: or, as some say, we looked [together, at, or for, the new moon]: (Sh, * T, TA:) or we lowered our eyes towards the new moon in order that we might see it. (Msb.) [See also 6 in art. نقض.] b5: See also 4, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places. b6: تَرَآءَيْنَا فِىالأَمْرِ or ترآءينا الأَمْرَ: see 8. b7: هُوَ يَتَرَآءَى بِرَأْىِ فُلَانٍ He takes to, or holds, the opinion, or persuasion, or belief, of such a one; and inclines to it; and conforms to it. (T, TA.) b8: See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.8 اِرْتَآهُ [is syn. with رَآهُ as signifying He saw him, or it, with the eye; and also, with the mind]: see 1, first sentence: or it is [syn. with رَآهُ in the latter sense only, being] from الرَّأْىُ and التَّدْبِيرُ: (S, TA:) or اِرْتَأَى is from رَأْىُ القَلْبِ, (Lth, T,) or from رُؤْيَةُالقَلْبِ, or from الرَّأْىُ, and means he thought, reflected, or considered, and acted deliberately, or leisurely. (IAth, TA.) You say, اِرْتَأَيْنَا فِى الأَمْرِ, and ↓ تَرَآءَيْنَا [i. e. ترآءينا فِيهِ] or تَرَآءَيْنَاهُ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) meaning نَظَرْنَاهُ [or نَظَرْنَاهُنَظَرْنَا فيه, i. e. We looked into, examined, or considered, the affair, or case]. (K.) And اِرْتَآهُ وَاعْتَقَدَهُ [He saw it with his mind, looked into it, examined it, or considered it, and believed it]. (Mgh.) 10 استرآهُ He, or it, called for, demanded, or required, the seeing of it; (M, K;) i. e., a thing. (M.) b2: See also 1, first sentence. b3: And see 3, last sentence but one. b4: You say also, يُــسْتَرْــأَى

فُلَانٌ [Such a one is counted, accounted, or esteemed, hypocritical, or ostentatious], from الرِّئَآءُ [inf. n. of 3]; like as you say, يُسْتَحْمِقُ, and يُسْتَعْقَلُ. (AA, S.) Q. Q. 2 تَمَرْأَى: see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

رَأْىٌ is an inf. n. of رَأَى [q. v.]: (T, S, K:) [and is also a subst.: used as a subst.,] it means The رَأْى of the eye; (Lth, T, Msb;) i. e. the sight thereof; like رُؤْيَةٌ, q. v.: (Msb:) and also, of the mind; (Lth, T;) [i. e.,] it signifies also mental perception: (Msb:) [conception: idea: nation:] belief; (M, K;) as a subst., not as inf. n.: (M:) [or judgment: or persuasion: or opinion; i. e.] a preponderating belief of one of two things that are inconsistent, each with the other: (Er-Rághib, TA:) a thing that a man has seen with his mind, looked into, examined, or considered, (مَا ارْتَآهُ,) and believed: (Mgh:) [a tenet:] also intelligence: and forecast: and skill in affairs: (Msb:) [and hence it often means counsel, or advice:] pl. أَرْآءٌ (T, S, K &c.) and آرَآءٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter formed by transposition, [being for أَأْرَآءٌ,] (S,) and أَرْىءٍ [originally أَرْؤُىٌ, like as أَظْبٍ is originally أَظْبُىٌ,] (Lh, M, K, TA, in some copies of the K أَرْىٌ) and رُئِىٌّ and رِئِىٌّ [both originally رُؤُوىٌ], (Lh, M, TA,) in the K رُىٌّ, with damm, [in the CK رَىٌّ,] and رِىٌّ, with kesr, (TA,) and [quasipl. n.] ↓ رَئِىٌّ, (S, K,) of the measure فَعِيلٌ, like ضَئِينٌ. (S.) One says, مَاأَضَلَّ رَأْيَهُ [How erroneous is his mental perception, &c.!], and مَاأَضَلَّ

أَرُآهُ [How erroneous are his mental perceptions, &c.!]. (Lth, T.) أَصْحَابُ الرَّأْىِ, [often meaning The speculatists, or theorists,] as used by those who treat of the traditions, means the followers of analogy; because they pronounce according to their رَأْى [or belief, &c.,] in relation to that concerning which they have not found any [tradition such as is termed] حَدِيث or أَثَر, (IAth, K, TA,) or in relation to that which is dubious to them in a tradition. (IAth, TA.) But accord. to the usage of others, one says, فُلَانٌ مِنْ أَهُلِ الرَّأْى

meaning Such a one holds the belief, or opinion, &c., of the [heretics, or schismatics, called] خَوَارِج, and says according to their persuasion. (TA.) [Sometimes, also, this phrase means Such a one is of the people of intelligence; or of counsel, or advice.] See also رَئِىٌّ. And رَجُلٌ ذُو رَأْىٍ meansA man having mental perception, and skill in affairs. (Msb.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

أَتَاهُمْ حِينَ جَنَّ رُؤْىٌ and رُؤْيًا and ↓ رَأْىٌ and رَأْيًا (M, K *) [He came to them] when the darkness had become confused so that they did not see one another. (M, K.) رِئْىٌ, (M, TA,) in the K said to be ↓ رُئِىٌّ, like صُلِىٌّ, (TA, [but the former is the right, as will be shown by a citation from the Kur in what follows,]) and ↓ رُؤَآءٌ and ↓ مَرْآةٌ Aspect, look, or outward appearance: (M, K:) [and so ↓ رُؤْيَةٌ; used in this sense in the S and K in explanation of طَلْعَةٌ:] or the first and second (i. e. رِئْىٌ and ↓ رُؤَآءٌ, M) signify beauty of aspect or outward appearance; (M, K;) or so does this last; (T, S;) [and so رُوَآءٌ, with و, mentioned in the S in art. روى, and there explained as syn. with مَنْظَرٌ;] and ↓ مَرْآةٌ signifies aspect, or outward appearance, absolutely, (M, K, *) whether beautiful or ugly: (M:) or this (مرآة) signifies a beautiful aspect or outward appearance: and رِئْىٌ signifies what the eye sees, of goodly condition and clean apparel; as in the phrase in the Kur [xix. 75], هُمٌ أَحسَنُ

أَثَاثًا وَوِئْيًا [they being better in respect of goods, or property, and of appearance of goodly condition and outward apparel], accord. to him who reads it [thus] with ء; and read without ء it may be from the same, or from رَوِيَتْ أَلْوَانُهُمْ وَجُلُودُهُمْ meaning “ their colours and skins became full and beautiful ” [or rather “ beautiful and full ”] : (S:) for Náfi' and Ibn-'Ámir read رِيًّا, by conversion of the ء [into ى] and incorporating it [into the radical ى], or from الرِّىٌّ meaning النَّعْمَةُ; and Aboo-Bekr read رِئًا, by transposition; and another reading is رِيًا, with the ء suppressed; and another زِيًّا, from الزَّىُّ. (Bd.) One says ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ حَسَنَةُ المَرْآةِ and ↓ المَرْأَى [A woman beautiful of aspect]; like as you say حَسَنَةُ المَنْظَرَةِ and المَنْظَرِ: (T, S:) and فُلَانٌ حَسَنٌ العَيْنِ ↓ فِى مَرْآةِ Such a one is beautiful in aspect: and it is said in a prov., ↓ تُخْبِرُ عَنْ مَجْهُولِهِ مَرْآتُهُ His outward appearance indicates [what would otherwise be his unknown character, meaning,] his inward state. (S.) [See also تَرِئيَةٌ]

رِئَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K,) with ء, (T, S, Msb,) and رِيَةٌ without ء, (T, Msb,) The سَحْر [or lungs, or lights]; (S;) the place of the breath and wind (M, K) of a man &c., (M,) [i. e.] of an animal: (K:) the ة is a substitute for the ى (S, Msb,) which is suppressed: (Msb:) pl. رِئُونَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) agreeably with a general rule relating to words of this class, (M,) and رِئَاتٌ: (M, Msb, K:) dim. ↓ رُؤَيَّةٌ and رُوَيَّةٌ (T.) Some say that the suppressed letter [in رِيَةٌ] is و; and that it is originally وِرْيَةٌ like as عِدَةٌ is originally وِعْدَةٌ: and وَرَيْتُهُ signifies “ I hit, or hurt, his رِيَة ” (Msb.) [hence ذَاتُ الرِّئَةِ Inflammation of the lungs.]

رَأْوَةٌ An indication of a thing. (M in art. رأو [to which it belongs: but in the S and TA mentioned in the present art.; and in the T, in art. رأ: in one copy of the S written رَآوَةٌ; and in one place in the TA, written رؤاوة, and said to be like ثُمَامَةٌ, app. from the author's having found it written رُآوَةٌ for رَأْوَةٌ].) You say, عَلَى فُلَانٍ رَأْوَةُ الحُمْقِ [Upon such a one is the indication of foolishness, or stupidity]. (M.) And عَلَى وَجْهِهِ رَأْوَةُ الحُمْقِ [Upon his face is the indication of foolishness, or stupidity], when you know foolishness, or stupidity, to be in him before you test him. (Lh, T, S.) And إِنَّ فِى وَجْهِهِ لَرَأْوَةً Verily in his face is an ugliness. (T.) [See also an explanation of أَرْأَى, above. J seems to have regarded the و as substituted for ى.]

رَأْيَةٌ, originally thus, with ء; (T, Msb;) but the Arabs prefer omitting it, [saying رَايَةٌ,] and some of them say that it has not been heard with ء; (Msb;) [Az says,] the Arabs did not pronounce it with ء: accord. to Lth, its radical letters are رىى: (T:) A banner, or standard, (T, Msb,) of an army: (Msb:) pl. رَايَاتٌ (T, Msb.) [See also art. رى.]

رُؤْيَةٌ an inf. n. of رَأَى [q. v.] : (T, S, M, Msb, K:) [and also a subst.: used a as subst.,) it means The sight of the eye; as also ↓ رَأْىٌ: [and accord. to the M and K, it is with the mind also; like رَأْىٌ:] pl. رُوًى. (Msb.) b2: See also رِئْىٌ b3: [Also The phasis of the moon.]

رُؤْيَا, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) with ء, (T, M,) of the measure فُعْلَى, (S, Msb,) without tenween, (S,) [i. e.] imperfectly decl., because the ا is that which is the sign of the fem. gender, (Msb,) also pronounced رُويَا, without ء, (Fr, T, M,) and رُيَّا, [which is anomalous, like رُىٌّ, for رِىٌّ,] mentioned by El-Fárisee on the authority of Abu-l- Hasan, (M,) and رِيَّا, (T, M,) heard by Ks from an Arab of the desert, (T,) A dream, or vision in sleep; (T, * S, * M, K;) accord. to most of the lexicologists, syn. with حُلْمٌ; or the former is such as is good, and the latter is the contr.: (MF voce حُلْمٌ, q. v.:) accord. to Lth, it has no pl.; but accord, to others, (T,) its pl. is رُؤًى, (T, S, M, K,) with tenween. (S.) One says, رَأَيْتُ عَنْكَ رُؤًى حَسَنَةً I dreamt, of thee, good dreams. (M.) رُءَآءٌ: see رِئْىٌ, in two places.

رِئَآءٌ an inf. n. of 3 [q. v.]. (M. [Said in the S to be a subst.]) b2: [Hence,] قَوْمٌ رِئَآءٌ A party, or company of men, facing one another. (S.) and in like manner, بُيُوتُهُمْ رِئَآءٌ [Their tents, or houses, are facing one another]. (S.) And مَنَازِلُهُمْ رِئَآءٌ Their places of alighting, or abode, are facing, or opposite, one to another. (T.) b3: And دُورُ القَوْمِ مِنَّا رِئَآؤٌ The houses of the people, or party, are as far as the eye reaches, where we see them, namely, the people. (M.) b4: And هُمْ رِئَآءُ أَلْفٍ They are as many as a thousand in the sight of the eye. (K, * TA.) رَئِىٌّ and ↓ رِئِىٌّ (Lth, T, M, K, TA) A jinnee, or genie, that presents himself to a man, and shows him, or teaches him, divination or enchantment or the like: (Lth, T, TA:) or a jinnee whom a man sees: or, accord. to Lh, one whom a person loves, and with whom he becomes familiar: (M:) or a jinnee that is seen and loved: or the latter word means such as is loved: (K:) and the former word, some other than this: (TA:) or the former means a follower, who is of the jinn; of the measure فَعِيلٌ or فَعُولٌ; [if the latter, originally رَؤُوى;] so called because he presents himself to the sight of him of whom he is the follower; or from the saying, فُلَانٌ رَئِىُّ قَوْمِهِ, meaning, صَاحِبُ

↓ رَأْيِهِمْ [i. e. Such a one is the counsellor, or adviser, of his people, or party]: and sometimes it is pronounced رِئِىٌّ (IAth, TA.) You say, لَهُ رَئِىٌّ He has a jinnee &c. (Lh, M, TA.) and مَعَهُ رِئِىٌّ With him is a jinnee &c. (Lth, T, TA.) And بِهِ رَئِىٌّ مِنَ الجِنِّ, meaning مَسٌّ [i. e. In him is a touch, or stroke, from the jinn, or genii]. (S.) b2: Also, both words, A great serpent, (K, TA,) that presents itself to the sight of a man; (TA;) so called as being likened to a jinnee; (K, TA;) or because they assert that the serpent is a transformed jinnee, wherefore they call it شَيْطَانٌ and جَانٌّ. (IAth, TA.) b3: And A garment, or piece of cloth, that is spread out for sale. (Aboo-'Alee, M, K.) A2: For the former word, see also رَأْىٌ [of which it is a quasi-pl. n.].

رُئِىٌّ: see رِئْىٌ [for which it is app. a mistranscription].

رِئِىٌّ: see رَئِىٌّ.

رُؤَيَّةٌ dim. of رِئَةٌ, q. v.; also prounced رُوَيَّةٌ. (T.) رَأّءٌ, or رَأَّءٌ, A man (M) who sees much. (M, K.) رَآءٍ [act. part. n. of رَأَى; Seeing: &c.

A2: ] Still, or motionless: as also رَاهٍ. (TA.) أَرْأَى More, and most, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy. (M, K, TA.) You say, أَنَا أَرْأَى أَنْ أَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ I am more, or most, apt, &c., to do that. (K, * TA.) And هُوَ أَرْآهُمْ لِأَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ He is the most apt, &c., of them to do that. (M.) تَرْئِيَةٌ inf. n. of 2. (Az, T, S.) b2: [Also,] as a subst., not an inf. n., (M,) Beauty, or goodliness; beauty of aspect. (M, K.) [See also رِئْىٌ.] b3: Also, (M, Mgh,) and تَرِيَّةٌ (S, M, Mgh) and تِرِيَّةٌ, the former of these two words extr., (M,) A slight yellowness and dinginess (S, Mgh) which a woman sees after washing herself in consequence of menstruation: what is in the days of menstruation is termed حَيْضٌ [app. for دَمُ حَيْضٍ]; not تريّة: (S:) or a little yellowness or whiteness or blood which a woman sees on the occasion of menstruation: or, as some say, تَرَيَّةٌ signifies the piece of rag by means of which she knows her state of menstruation from her state of purity: it is from الرُّؤْيَةُ. (M.) b4: See also what next follows.

تِرْئِيَةٌ A man who practises evasions or elusions, shifts, wiles, or artifices; as also ↓ تَرْئِيَةٌ. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) مَرْأًى: see رِئْىٌ b2: You say also, هُوَ مِنِّى مَرْأًى

وَمَسْمَعٌ, and مَرْأًى وَمَسْمَعًا, (M, K,) accord. to Sb, as adv. ns. having a special, or particularized, meaning, used as though they had not such a meaning, (M,) and sometimes they said مَرًى, (TA in art. سمع,) He is where I see him and hear him. (M, K.) And فُلَانٌ مِنِّى بِمَرْأًى وَمَسْمَعٍ

Such a one is where I see him and hear what he says. (S.) مُرْأًى, applied to a [camel's] head, Long in the خَطْمٍ [or muzzle], (As, T, M, K,) in which is تَصْوِيب [i. e. a bending down], (M, K, [in the CK, erroneously, تَصْوِيتٌ,]) or in which is the like of التَّصْوِيب, like the form of the [vessel called]

إِبْرِيق: (As, T:) Nuseyr likens رُؤُوس مُرْأَيَات to قَوَارِير [i. e. flasks, or bottles]: I know not [says ISd] any verb belonging to this word, [though أُرْئِى seems to be its verb,] nor any art. to which it belongs. (M.) See 4, last sentence.

مُرْىءٍ, applied to a she-camel, and a ewe or she-goat, (M,) and any female in a state of pregnancy, except a solid-hoofed animal and a beast of prey, Whose udder shows her to be pregnant; as also مُرْئِيَةٌ: (M, K:) and in like manner applied to a woman: (M:) or, applied to a ewe or she-goat, big in her udder. (S.) مَرْآةٌ: see رِئْىٌ, in five places. b2: You say also, هُوَ مَرْآةٌ بِكَذَاHe is apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, or competent, for such a thing; or worthy of such a thing. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, مَرْاَةٌ.]) And هُوَ مَرْآةٌ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا He is apt, meet, suited, &c., to do such a thing: and in like manner you say of two, and of a pl. number, and of a female. (Lh, M.) مِرْآةٌ A mirror: (T, S, M, K:) originally مِرْأَيَةٌ: (Msb:) pl. مَرَآءٍ and مَرَايَا; (T, S, Msb;) the latter formed by transmutation [of the ء into ى]. (T. [It is said in the S, that the former pl. is used in speaking of three; and the latter, in speaking of many; but for this distinction I see no reason: and in the Msb it is said that, accord. to Az, the latter pl. is a mistake; but this I do not find in the T.]) مُرَآءٍ [act. part n. of 3, q. v.:] A hypocrite: [&c.:] (T, S: *) pl. مُرَاؤُونَ. (S.)

سهو

Entries on سهو in 9 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Al-Zamakhsharī, Asās al-Balāgha, Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim bin Salām al-Harawī, Gharīb al-Ḥadīth, and 6 more

سهو

1 سَهَا عَنْهُ, (S, Msb,) or فِيهِ, (K,) aor. ـْ inf. n. سَهْوٌ (S, Msb, K) and سُهُوٌّ, (M, K,) He was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, or heedless, of it, or inadvertent to it; (S, Msb;) namely, a thing; syn. غَفَلَ عَنْهُ: (S, * Msb:) or he forgot it, or neglected it, (نَسِيَهُ,) and was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, &c., of it, or inadvertent to it, (غَفَلَ عَنْهُ,) his mind adverting to another thing or affair or case; (K, TA;) thus expl. in the M and T; so that السَّهْوُ and الغَفْلَةُ and النِّسْيَانُ are made to be one [in signification]; (TA;) but accord. to Esh-Shiháb, السَّهْوُ is a slight غَفْلَة [or unmindfulness &c.] of that which is within the scope of the retentive faculty, such as when one's attention is roused by the least rousing thereof; whereas النسيان denotes its passing away from the memory entirely; though all are used in one sense by a careless reliance upon the understanding of the reader or hearer: in the Msb it is said that a distinction is made between السَّاهِى and النَّاسِى by the latter's being applied to him who, when he is reminded, remembers, and the former's being applied to him who is in the contrary case: accord. to IAth, سَهَافِى الشَّىْءِ means he neglected, or omitted, the thing unknowingly; and سَهَا عَنْهُ, he neglected, or omitted, it knowingly: or, as some say, السَّهْوُ is the doing wrong from unmindfulness (عَنْ غَفْلَة); as when an insane person reviles another, which is pardonable; and as when one drinks wine and then some unpleasing action proceeds from him unintentionally, which is punishable. (TA.) One says, سَهَافِى الصَّلَاةِ, and عَنْهَا, i. q. غَفَلَ [He was, or became, unmindful in prayer, and of it]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, app., as implying an unexpected event,] حَمَلَتْ سَهْوًا She (a woman, S) conceived in menstruis. (Az, S, Z, K.) And حَمَلَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ سَهْوًا His mother conceived him in menstruis. (JK.) b3: السَّهْوُ also signifies السُّكُونُ (JK, S, K) and اللِّينُ (JK, S,) [app. as an inf. n., i. e. as meaning The being still, or quiet, and gentle; though it is immediately added in the S that the pl. is سِهَآءٌ; for it seems that an early transcriber of the S has omitted to insert after اللَّينُ the words وَالسَّاكِنُ وَاللَّيِّنُ: see سَهْوٌ below]. One says, فَعَلَهُ سَهْوًا رَهْوًا He did it voluntarily, without its being asked, or demanded; (K, TA;) and without constraint: (TA:) or quietly, or calmly, without being hard, or difficult. (TA in art. رهو.) And سَهَا إِلَيْهِ He looked at him, or it, with motionless eye. (Msb, TA.) And العَيْنُ تَسْهُو فِيهِ The eye expatiates in it; syn. تَنْبَسِطُ. (JK.) A2: سَهَاوَةٌ, as denoting a quality of a camel, The being easy to ride; (K;) an inf. n., of which the verb is سَهُوَ. (TA.) A3: مَالٌ لَا يُسْهَى وَلَا يُنْهَى [Cattle] of which the end is not to be reached. (AA, JK, S, K.) You say, يَرَاحُ عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مِنَ المَالِ مَا لَا يُسْهَىوَلَا يُنْهَى [There returns from the place of pasture in the evening, or afternoon, to the sons of such a one, of cattle,] what is not to be numbered for multitude: (T, TA:) or what is not to be computed, or computed by conjecture. (IAar, TA.) And ذَهَبَتْ تَمِيمُ فَلَا تُسْهَى وَلَا تُنْهَى, meaning لَا تُذْكَرُ [i. e. Temeem went away, and will not be remembered, or will not be mentioned]: a saying of El-Ahmar. (TA.) 3 ساهاهُ, inf. n. مُسَاهَاةٌ, i. q. غَافَلَهُ [app. meaning He acted with him in the manner of him who is unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent]. (TA.) [Or] the inf. n. signifies [The acting with moderation with another; or] the abstaining from going to the utmost length in social intercourse: (S, K:) or the being easy, or facile, with another: (A, TA:) or the behaving in a good [or pleasing] manner in social intercourse: (T, TA:) or the comporting oneself with another, or others, (مُخَالَقَةٌ,) in a good manner, in social intercourse. ('Eyn, M, TA.) And one says, هُوَ يُسَاهِى أَصْحَابَهُ He comports himself with his companions, or does so with good nature; syn. يُخَالِقُهُمْ. (TA.) And ساهاهُ means also He mocked at him, or derided him. (TA.) 4 اسهى He (a man, TA) constructed what is termed a سَهْوَة (K, TA) in a بَيْت [or chamber &c.]. (TA.) السُّهَا [often written السُّهَى] A certain dim star, (S, K,) in [the asterism called] بَنَات نَعْش الكُبْرَى, (S, [in the K, erroneously, بنات نعش الصُّغْرَى,]) by the middle star of those thus called; (TA;) [i. e.] a small star by that called العَنَاقُ, (which latter is the middle star ζ] of the three in the tail of Ursa Major, Kzw,) by looking at which persons try their powers of sight; (Kzw, TA;) mentioned in art. قود [voce قَائِدٌ, q. v.]; (K;) [it is the star 80, by ζ;] also called ↓ السُّهَيَّا, which is the diminutive. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أُرِيهَا السُّهَا وَتُرِينِى القَمَرَ [I show her Es-Suhà and she shows me the moon]. (S, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. vol. i. pp. 527—9.]) And one says, أَنَّى يَلْتَقِى سُهَيْلٌ وَالسُّهَا How can Suheyl [or Canopus] meet Es-Suhà? for the former is southern and the latter is northern. (Har p. 276.) سَهْوٌ [an inf. n. used as an epithet,] Easy; applied to a man, and to an affair, (K, TA,) and to an object of want: (TA:) and so [the fem.]

سَهْوَةٌ, applied to a mare; and applied to a she-mule as meaning easy in pace, that does not fatigue her rider: the epithet سَهْوٌ, however, is not applied to a he-mule: so in the T: (TA:) [but] it is applied to a he-camel, meaning easy to ride: and سَهْوَةٌ to a she-camel, (K, TA,) meaning gentle, easy to ride: and رَاهٍ ↓ سَاهٍ, applied to a he-camel, means [likewise] gentle in pace; and so [the pls.] سَوَاهٍ رَوَاهٍ applied to camels: (TA:) [and so ↓ سَهْوَآءُ applied to a mare; for] a certain mare was named السَّهْوَآءُ because of the gentleness of her pace. (TA.) Also, applied to water, Cool, sweet, or limpid; easy of descent in the throat. (K, * TA.) And قَوْسٌ سَهْوَةٌ A bow that is compliant, (K, TA,) and easy. (TA.) And رِيحٌ سَهْوٌ A gentle wind: [or a quiet, gentle wind:] pl. سِهَآءٌ: (TA:) a poet (said to be El-Hárith Ibn-'Owf, TA) says, تَنَاوَحَتِ الرَّيَاحُ لِفَقْدِ عَمْرٍو وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَ مَهْلِكِهِ سِهَآءَا i. e. [The winds blew violently for the loss of 'Amr; but they were before his death] quiet and gentle. (S, TA.) One says also أَرْضٌ سَهْوَةٌ Soft land, without barrenness. (TA.) A2: And السَّهْوُ means The moon, in the language of the Nabathæans. (JK.) سِهْوٌ: see سِهْوَآءٌ سَهْوَةٌ An instance, or a case, of unmindfulness, forgetfulness, neglectfulness, heedlessness, or inadvertence. (Msb.) A2: A rock, or great mass of stone, (K,) in the dial. of Teiyi, who call nothing else by this name: so in the M: or, accord. to the T, in that dial., the rock, or great mass of stone, upon which the waterer [app. of camels] stands: (TA:) or a rock, or great mass of stone, standing up, not having any foundation [app. meaning not partly imbedded] in the ground: and in the dial. of Teiyi, a single stone, great or small. (JK.) b2: A بَيْت [app. here meaning booth, or the like,] which the Arabs of the desert set up at the water, and by the shade of which they shelter themselves. (TA.) A صُفَّة [or kind of roofed vestibule, or the like, or a covering for shade and shelter], (K, TA,) between two houses: (TA:) or a thing like the صُفَّة, which is before, or in the front of, houses: (As, JK, S:) or [in some copies of the K “ and ”] a kind of closet (مُِخْدَع) between two chambers, (K, TA,) in which the waterers of the camels shelter themselves: or, as some say, a small wall which is build between the two [opposite main] walls of the chamber, the roof being placed over the whole; what is in the middle [or main part] of the chamber being [called] a سَهْوَة; [see عَرْسٌ;] and what is within it, [app. behind,] a مُِخْدَع: (TA:) or the like of a رَفّ and طَاق, [app. meaning a kind of arched construction with a flat top which forms a shelf, against a wall; or simply a shelf, or ledge projecting from a wall, (see رَفٌّ and طَاقٌ,)] in which, or upon which, a thing is placed: (ISd, K:) or a small بَيْت [or chamber], (S, K,) descending into the earth, having its roof elevated above the ground, (S,) resembling a small خِزَانَة [or closet, or storeroom], (S, K,) in which are [deposited] the household-goods, or furniture and utensils; thus as heard by A'Obeyd from more than one of the people of El-Yemen: (S:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (JK,) four sticks, or pieces of wood, (JK, K,) or three, (K,) which are placed crosswise, one upon another, and upon which is then put anything of the household-goods, or furniture and utensils: (JK, K:) so in the M: (TA:) and (accord. to the T, TA) i. q. كَنْدُوجٌ, (K,) which means a small closet or store-room: (TA:) and i. q. رَوْشَنٌ and كُوَّةٌ [i. e. a window, or mural aperture]: and a [kind of curtained canopy, or the like, such as is called] حَجَلَة: and a curtain, or screen, before the court, or yard, of a house, (K, TA,) and sometimes, surrounding the house, like a wall: (TA:) its pl. (in all of these senses, K, TA) is سِهَآءٌ (JK, K, TA) and سَهَوَاتٌ. (JK.) سَهْوَآءُ: see سَهْوٌ: A2: and see also what here follows.

سِهْوَآءٌ, (IAar, JK, S, TA,) like سِعْوَآءٌ and تِهْوَآءٌ, all with kesr, on the authority of IAar, but in the K ↓ سَهْوَآء, (TA,) A [portion, or short portion, such as is termed] سَاعَة, of the night; (S, K, TA;) and (S, TA) the first part thereof: (JK, S, TA:) or it may be like ↓ سَهْوَان, [which is app. in this case with tenween, and] which seems to mean a period in which people are unmindful of the places, or ways, in which things are, or should be, sought by them; or سهوان may be from سَاهِيَةٌ, expl. below: and مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ↓ سِهْوٌ signifies the same as سِعْو and سَعْو [and سِهْوَآء] and سِعْوَاء. (Ham p. 708.) One says, لَقِيتُهُ بَعْدَ سِهْوَآءٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ i. e. [I met him after a portion, or short portion, of the night; or] after the first part of the night had passed. (JK.) سَهْوَان: see سَاهٍ: A2: and see also سِهْوَآءٌ.

السُّهَيَّا dim. of السُّهَا, q. v.

سَاهٍ Unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent; (JK, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَهْوَانُ; (S, K;) whence the prov., إِنَّ المُوَصَّيْنَ بَنُو سَهْوَانْ (S) i. e. Only the unmindful [lit. the sons of the unmindful] are such as require to be enjoined: (S, Meyd:) or, as some say, by بنو سهوان are meant all mankind; because all become unmindful: but the most correct explanation is, that those who are enjoined to do a thing are subject to unmindfulness: it is applied to him who is unmindful of pursuing that which he is commanded to do: and سهوان may be syn. with [the inf. n.]

سَهْوٌ; or it may be an epithet, syn. with سَاهٍ, and is applied to Adam, because he forgot his cove-nant, so that بنو سهوان may mean the sons of Adam, and hence, the unmindful. (Meyd. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 3-4.]) b2: See also سَهوٌ.

سَاهِيَةٌ A tract of land long and wide, without any covert of trees, or the like, [to obstruct the view, or] to repel the eye. (JK, and Ham p. 708.) أَسْهَآءٌ and أَسْهَآءَةٌ: see what follows.

أَسَاهِىُّ, (JK, TA,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَسْهَآء, (TA,) i. q. أَلْوَانٌ [generally signifying Colours; but also meaning sorts, or species; and here used in this latter sense, as is indicated in the TA]: a pl. having no sing.: (K, TA:) so in the M: (TA:) or it signifies, (JK,) or signifies also, (TA,) various sorts (ضُرُوبٌ مُخْتَلِفةٌ, JK, TA) of pace of camels; like أَسَاهِيجُ: (TA:) and its sing. is ↓ أَسْهَآءَةٌ. (JK.)

وشى

Entries on وشى in 7 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Rāghib al-Isfahānī, al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qurʾān, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, and 4 more

وش

ى1 وَشَى

, inf. n. وَشْىٌ, He variegated, or figured, a piece of cloth, or a garment; (Mgh, Msb, * K;) and embellished it. (K.) b2: وَشَى

بِهِ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ, (S, K,) or عِنْدَ السُّلْطَانِ, (Msb,) He calumniated, or misrepresented, him to the Sultán. (S, Msb, K.) شِيَةٌ Any colour differing from the main colour of a horse, &c.; a colour differing from the rest, (S,) or from that which generally pervades a thing. b2: لَا شِيَةَ فِيهِ It is of one generally pervading colour, in which is no other colour. b3: شِيَةٌ [also] A mark, sign, symptom, or token, by which a thing is known; syn. عَلَامَةٌ; (Msb;) and مَخِيلَةٌ, which see.

وَشْىٌ

, originally an inf. n., A kind of variegated, or figured, cloth, or garment. (Mgh, Msb. *) b2: وَشْىٌ The variegation, figured work, or figuring, of a garment; making it partycoloured. b3: وَشى sometimes signifies A natural diversity of colours: see رُمْلَةٌ. b4: وَشْىٌ of a sword: see فِرِنْدٌ.

شِيَوِىٌّ

: see what next follows.

وَشَوِىٌّ rel. n. of شِيَةٌ, the rad. و being restored; (S in the present art.;) and so ↓ شِيَوِىٌّ, like عِدَوِىٌّ [of عِدَةٌ]. (S in art. وعد.) قَوْلٌ مَوْشِىٌّ بِهِ [A saying misrepresented]. (TA in art. قت, in an explanation of قَوْلٌ مَقْتُوتٌ.) b2: مَوْشِىٌّ is used by Aboo-Dhu-eyb to signify A musical reed-pipe. (TA, art. نوب.)

عدو

Entries on عدو in 11 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Habib Anthony Salmone, An Advanced Learner's Arabic-English Dictionary, and 8 more

عدو

1 عَدَاهُ, (Mgh, K,) first Pers\. عَدَوْتُهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـْ (Mgh, Msb,) [inf. n. عَدْوٌ,] He passed from it, (Mgh, Msb, K,) namely, a thing, or an affair, (K,) to another, (Mgh, Msb,) and left it; (K;) and عَدَا عَنْهُ signifies the same; (K;) as also ↓ تعدّاه; (S, * K;) and in like manner one says, ↓ عَدَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَعْدِيَةٌ; (Msb;) [but I do not find this elsewhere, and think that correctly one should say, عَنْهُ ↓ عَدَّيْتُ; agreeably with what here follows:] the saying عَنْ هٰذَا ↓ عَدِّ means Leave thou this, and turn from it to another; and is app. from the phrase هَمَّكَ ↓ عَدِّ

إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Turn thy anxiety to other than him, or it]; the objective complement being altogether left out, so that the verb becomes as though it were intrans.; and there are many instances similar to this in the language: (Har p. 478:) one says, عَنِّى الهَمَّ ↓ عَدَّيْتُ I turned away from me anxiety: and [hence] you say to him who has pursued you, عَنِّى إِلَى غَيْرِى ↓ عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou the beast upon which thou art riding towards other than me: (TA:) and عَمَّا تَرَى ↓ عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou thine eye from what thou seest. (S.) [See an ex. of the first of these verbs in the Ham p. 125.] One says also, عَدَاهُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ تعدّاهُ The thing, or affair, passed from him. (TA. [See an ex. in the first paragraph of art. عدم.]) And the Arabs say, إِنَّ الجَرَبَ لَيَعْدُو, meaning Verily the mange, or scab, passes from him that has it to him that is near to him so that the latter becomes mangy, or scabby. (Msb.) And مَا عَدَا فُلَانٌ أَنْ صَنَعَ [app. meaning Such a one did not leave, or, accord. to an explanation of the verb in a similar phrase in Har p. 333, did not delay, his doing such a thing]. (S.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, العَدْوُ primarily signifies Transition; [whence what here precedes;] or the going, or passing, beyond, or the exceeding, a limit, or the usual limit: and incompatibility to coalesce. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] عَدَاهُ, aor. as above, [inf. n. عَدْوٌ,] He went, or passed, beyond it; exceeded it; or transgressed it. (S, TA. *) So in the saying عَدَا طَوْرَهُ [He went, or passed, beyond his proper limit; exceeded it; or transgressed it]: and in like manner, الحَقَّ ↓ تعدّى and ↓ اعتداهُ signify He went, or passed, beyond, &c., what was true, or right; and so عَنِ الحَقِّ, and فَوْقَ الحَقِّ. (TA.) أَمَا عَدَا مَنْ بَدَا, a saying in which the vulgar erroneously omit the interrogative أ, means Does not he transgress that which is right who begins by acting injuriously? (TA.) And it is said عَدَا القَارِصُ فَحَرَزَ (tropical:) What was biting to the tongue attained to an excessive degree, so that it became acid: meaning that the affair, or case, became distressing. (S in art. قرص.) b3: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. عَدْوٌ and عَدَآءٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عُدُوٌّ (S, Msb, K) and عُدْوَانٌ (ISd, Msb, K) and عِدْوَانٌ (ISd, K) and عُدْوَى; (K;) and ↓ تعدّى, and ↓ اعتدى; (S, Msb, K;) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, against him; (S, Msb, K;) and transgressed against him, or exceeded the proper limit against him: (S, Msb:) [and he acted aggressively against him; agreeably with an explanation of the inf. n. of the last of these verbs in what follows: (see an ex. in a verse cited voce رِيحٌ:)] or he acted with excessive wrongfulness, &c., against him: (Mgh:) and ↓ اعدى signifies the same as the other verbs here mentioned; (K, TA;) whence (TA) one says, فِى مَنْطِقِكَ ↓ أَعْدَيْتَ Thou hast deviated from that which is right in thy speech: (S, TA:) ↓ الاِعْتِدَآءُ is the exceeding what is right; and it is sometimes in the way of aggression; and sometimes in the way of requital; and instances of the usage of its verb in both of these manners occur in the Kur ii. 190: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the first and third of the inf. ns. of عَدَا, mentioned above, occur in the Kur vi.108 accord. to different readings: (S, TA:) and [it is said that] العُدْوَانُ signifies sheer, or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct: (S:) or, as some say, the worst of [such conduct, i. e., of] الاِعْتِدَآء, in strength, or deed, or state or condition. (TA.) b4: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ He acted corruptly towards him. (TA.) b5: And عُدِىَ عَلَيْهِ He had his property stolen, and was wronged. (TA.) And عَدَا عَلَى القُمَاشِ, inf. n. عَدَآءٌ [said in the TA to be like سَحَابٌ, but in the CK عَدًا,] and عُدْوَانٌ and عَدَوَانٌ, (K, TA,) but in the M written with damm and fet-h [i. e. عُدْوَان and عَدْوَان], (TA,) said of a thief, He stole the قماش [meaning goods, or utensils and furniture]. (K, TA.) And عَدَا فِى ظَهْرِهِ He stole what was behind him: (A in art. ظهر:) [or he acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind him: for] لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ is expl. by the words عَدَا فِى ظَهْرٍ فَسَرَقَهُ [so that it app. meansA thief who has acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind one, and stolen it]. (O and K in that art.) b6: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ, (TA,) signifies also He leaped upon him, or it. (K, TA.) b7: And عَدَا, (K,) or عَدَا فِى

مَشْيِهِ, (Msb,) aor. ـْ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عَدًا and عُدُوٌّ and عَدَوَانٌ and تَعْدَآءٌ, (K,) signifies أَحْضَرَ [i. e. He ran; or rose in his running]; (S, * K, TA;) said of a man and of a horse: (TA:) or he went a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) not so quick, (TA,) or which is not so quick, (Msb,) as that termed جَرْىٌ: (Msb, TA:) or he went a pace less quick than شَدٌّ and more so than مَشْىٌ: (TA in art. سعى:) or [he went quickly, or swiftly; for] العَدْوُ signifies السُّرْعَةُ: (Mgh:) [or rather he ran, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: that it often signifies he ran vehemently is shown by the prov. مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ ↓ أَعْدَى

More vehement in running than Suleyk, who is said to have outstripped fleet horses; and by numerous exs.:] and ↓ عّى signifies the same as عَدَا, denoting a quick pace. (TA in art. هبص.) b8: And [hence, perhaps,] عَدَا المَآءُ, aor. ـْ (assumed tropical:) The water ran. (TA.) A2: عَدَاهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ and عُدْوَانٌ; as also ↓ عدّاهُ; (K;) signifies He, or it, diverted him; or turned him away, or back; (S, K;) and occupied him so as to divert him; (K;) from the thing, or affair. (S, K.) You say, عَدَتْ عَوَادٍ. (S, TA. See عَادِيَةٌ, voce عُدَوَآءُ: and see also the last sentence of the first paragraph of art. عود.) b2: عَدَانِى مِنْهُ شَرٌّ means بَلَغَنِى [i. e., app., Evil, or mischief, reached me from him, or it]. (TA. [See a signi-fication of 4.]) A3: عَدِيتُ لَهُ signifies I hated him, or it. (ISd, K.) A4: عَدَا is also a verb by which one makes an exception, with مَا [preceding it] and without مَا: (S, K:) you say, جَآءَنِى القَوْمُ مَا عَدَا زَيْدًا [The people, or party, came to me, except Zeyd]; and جَاؤُونِى عَدَا زَيْدًا [which means the like]; putting what follows it in the accus. case; the agent being implied in it: (S: [see this expl. in what has been said of خَلَا as used in the same manner:]) accord. to MF, it is a verb when what follows it is put in the accus. case; and when what follows it is put in the gen. case, it is a particle, by common consent: (TA: [and the like is said in the Mughnee; i. e., that it is similar to خَلَا in respect of the explanations there given of the different usages of this latter; but that Sb did not know it to have been used otherwise than as having the quality of a verb:]) one says, رَأَيْتُهُمْ عَدَا أَخَاكَ and مَا عَدَاهُ, meaning مَا خَلَا [i. e. I saw them, except thy brother]: and sometimes it governs the gen. case without ما: thus in the M: Az says, [as though regarding it as only a particle,] when you suppress [ما], you make it to govern the accus. case as meaning إِلَّا and you make it to govern the gen. case as meaning سِوَى. (TA.2 عداهٌ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَعْدِيَةٌ, (K,) He made him, or it, to pass [from a thing, or an affair, to another: see 1, first sentence]: (S, K:) and he made it to pass through, and go beyond; syn. أَنْفَذَهُ. (K.) b2: Hence تَعْدِيَةُ الفِعْلِ, a phrase of the grammarians, [generally meaning (assumed tropical:) The making the verb transitive,] as in خَرَجَ زَيْدٌ فَأَخْرَجْتُهُ [Zeyd went forth and I made him to go forth]. (TA.) b3: See also 1, first quarter, in seven places: b4: and again, in the latter half, in two places.3 عاداهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُعَادَاةٌ, (S, K, TA,) [He treated him, or regarded him, with enmity, or hostility:] the verb in this phrase is that of which the epithet is عَدُوٌّ, and the subst. is عَدَاوَةٌ. (K, TA.) [It is perhaps from one of the three phrases next following]. b2: عادى الشَّىْءَ signifies He was, or became, distant, or aloof, from the thing; or he made the thing to be, or become, distant, or aloof; syn. بَاعَدَهُ. (TA.) And you say, فُلَانٌ لَا يُعَادِينِى وَلَا يُوَادِينِى, meaning لَا يُجَافِينِى وَلَا يُوَاتِينِى [app. Such a one will not make me to be, or become, remote, or aloof, from him, nor will he comply with me: but لَا يُوَادِينِى properly signifies he will not take from me the دِيَة, or bloodwit]. (TA.) And عَادِ رِجْلَكَ عَنِ الأَرْضِ Draw away thy leg, or foot, from the ground. (TA.) And عَادَى الأَدَاةَ عَنِ البَعِيرِ He raised [partially] the furniture (consisting of the saddle and saddle-cloth) from contact with the camel [so as to render it bearable by him]. (ISh, TA in art. غلق.) b3: عادى شَعَرَهُ He took [somewhat] from his hair: or he raised it, (K, TA,) in washing it: or he neglected it, and did not oil it, or anoint it: or he subjected it time after time to the purification termed وُضُوع, and to washing. (TA.) b4: عادى الوِسَادَةَ He folded the pillow. (TA.) b5: عادى القِدْرَ He lowered one of the three stones upon which the cooking-pot rested, in order that it (the pot) might incline upon the fire. (TA.) b6: عادى بَيْنَ الصَّيْدَينِ, (S, * K,) inf. n. عِدَآءٌ (S, K) and مُعَادَاةٌ, (K,) He made a succession, of one to the other, between the two animals of the chase, (S, K,) by throwing down one of them immediately after the other, (S,) in one طَلَق [or heat]. (S, K.) Imra-el-Keys says, [describing a horse,] فَعَادَى عِدَآءً بَيْنَ ثَوْرٍ وَنَعْجَةٍ

دِرَاكًا وَلَمْ يَنْضَحْ بِمَآءٍ فَيُغْسَلِ [And he made a succession, of one to the other, between a wild bull and a wild cow, by running down one after the other in a single heat, overtaking uninterruptedly, and not breaking out with water (i. e. sweat) so as to become suffused therewith]. (S. [See EM p. 49.]) In like manner also المُعَادَاةُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ means The piercing, or thrusting, two men, one after the other, uninterruptedly. (TA.) b7: And عَادَيْتُهُ [sometimes] signifies I vied, or contended, with him in running; i. q. حَاضَرْتُهُ, from الحُضْرُ. (A in art. حضر.) 4 اعدى الأَمْرَ He passed from, or beyond, another, to the thing, or affair: so in the K. (TA.) But in the M it is said, اعداهُ الدَّآءُ signifies The disease passed from another to him. (TA.) And one says أَعْدَى فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا مِنْ خُلُقِهِ, or مِنْ عِلَّةٍ بِهِ, or جَرَبٍ, (S, TA,) i. e. Such a one made somewhat of his natural disposition, or of a disease, or malady, that was in him, or of mange, or scab, to pass [from him] to such a one; [or infected him therewith; (see two exs., in a verse and a hemistich, cited in the first paragraph of art. جنى;)] and اعداهُ بِهِ signifies the same: and اعدى صَاحِبَهُ He made his companion to acquire the like of what was in him. (TA.) And يُعْدِى is said of the mange, or scab, &c., meaning It passes from him that has it to another; (S, K;) and in like manner one says of a disease, ↓ يتعدّى: (Nh, TA:) but it is said in an explanation of a trad., لَا يُعْدِى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [i. e. A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]. (S, TA.) [Therefore] one says, of the mange, or scab, [or the like,] اعداهُ اللّٰهُ God made it to pass from him that had it to one that was near to him, so that he became affected therewith. (Msb.) b2: One says also, of a man, قَدْ أَعْدَى النَّاسَ بِشَرٍّ He has made evil, or mischief, to cleave to men. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the middle, in two places.

A3: اعداهُ عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, him, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and strengthened him, (K,) against him; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and avenged him of him; (S, Msb;) namely, one who had wronged him. (S, Mgh, Msb.) and اعداهُ He (a judge) heard his accusation against another, and commanded to bring his adversary. (Mgh.) A4: اعداهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) namely, a horse, (S, TA,) and also a man, (TA,) [He made him to run, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: or, as sometimes used,] he made him, (K, TA,) or desired him, (S,) to go the pace termed حُضْر: (S, K, TA:) or he made him to go a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَة, (Msb, TA,) not so quick, (TA,) or which is not so quick, (Msb,) as that termed جَرْى: (Msb, TA: [see 1, latter half:]) and ↓ استعداهُ signifies the same. (S.) 5 تَعَدَّوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places: and see 4. b2: [Hence تعدّى said of a verb, It was, or became, transitive.] b3: تعدّى الحَقَّ: and تعدّى

عَلَيْهِ: see 1, second quarter, in two places.

A2: تَعَدَّوْا They found milk, (K, TA,) which they drank, (TA,) and it rendered them in no need of wine: (K, TA:) so in the copies of the K; but correctly, of flesh-meat, as in the M. (TA.) b2: And They found pasturage for their cattle, and it rendered them in no need of purchasing fodder. (K, * TA.) A3: And تعدّى مَهْرَ فُلَانَةَ He took, or received, the dowry, or bridal gift, of such a woman. (K.) 6 تعادى القَوْمُ The people, or party, became affected, [or infected,] or smitten, (S, TA,) one with the disease of another, or one with the like of the disease of another: (S:) or died, one after another, (S, TA,) in one month, and in one year. (TA.) And تعادت الإِبِلُ The camels died in great numbers. (TA.) b2: And تعادى القَوْمُ عَلَىَّ بِنَصْرِهِمْ The people, or party, came upon me consecutively with their aid, or assistance. (TA.) b3: One says also, تعادى القَوْمُ (S, K) from العَدَاوَةُ (S) meaning The people, or party, treated, or regarded, one another with enmity, or hostility. (K.) b4: And تعادى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ (S, K) The case, or affair, that was between them became in a bad, or corrupt, state, (S,) or complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them. (K.) b5: And تعادى المَكَانُ The place was, or became, dissimilar in its several parts; and uneven. (TA.) and [hence] one says, بِعُنُقِى وَجَعٌ مِنْ تَعَادِى الوِسَادِ مِنَ المَكَانِ المُتَعَادِى i. e. [In my neck is a pain from the unevenness of the pillow from] the uneven place. (TA.) b6: And تعادى He, or it, was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof, (S, * K, * TA,) عَنْهُ from him, or it. (S, TA.) A2: تعادوا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in going the pace termed العَدْو [meaning in running]. (K, TA.) 8 إِعْتَدَوَ see 1, second quarter, in three places. b2: الاِعْتِدَآءُ in supplication [to God] is The exceeding the limits of the [Prophet's] rule, or usage, that has been transmitted from generation to generation. (TA.) 10 الاِسْتِعْدَآءُ signifies The asking, or demanding, of aid, or assistance, (Mgh, Msb,) and of vengeance, or avengement, (Mgh,) and of strengthening: (Msb:) and also the act of aiding, or assisting. (Mgh.) You say, استعداهُ He asked, or demanded, of him (i. e. the prince, or governor, or commander, S, Mgh, Msb) aid, or assistance, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, Mgh, Msb,) namely, one who wronged him: (Mgh, Msb:) [or,] accord. to El-Khuwárezmee (who derives it from العَدِىُّ signifying الرَّجَّالَةُ الَّذِينَ يَعْدُونَ), استعدى [or استعدى القَاضِىَ] means he asked, or demanded, of the judge, that he should make his foot-messengers to run in quest of his antagonist and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him his right, or due. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100. [and an explanation similar to this, but not a similar derivation, is indicated in the Mgh by an explanation of أَعْدَاهُ, q. v.]) b2: See also 4, last sentence.

عَدَا, as a verb, or a preposition, or both, denoting an exception: see 1, last sentence.

عَدْوٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.] b2: فَعَلَ كَذَا عَدْوًا بَدْوًا means He did thus openly, or publicly. (TA.) عِدْوٌ: see عِدًى: b2: and see also عَدَآءٌ.

عَدًى [or عَدًا]: see عُدْوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence.

عُدًى: see the next paragraph.

A2: [It is also a pl. of عَدُوٌّ, q. v.]

عِدًى The stones of a grave; as also ↓ عُدًى: (KL:) [i. e.] the broad stones with which the [oblong excavation called] لَحْد is covered over: (AA, TA:) or a thin stone with which a thing is concealed, or covered over; as also ↓ عِدَآءٌ; (K, TA;) the latter written in [a copy of] the M ↓ عَدَاءٌ, like سَحَابٌ; but [the former explanation seems to be the more correct, for] it is added in the K that one thereof is termed ↓ عِدْوٌ; and accord. to this, the word expl. above [or each of the two words expl. above] is a pl. (TA. [See also عِدْوَةٌ.]) b2: And Any piece of wood that is put between two [other] pieces of wood. (K, * TA.) A2: See also عُدْوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence: b2: and عُدَوَآءُ: b3: and عَدَآءٌ.

A3: [It is also a pl. of عَدُوٌّ, which see in two places.

A4: ] And عِدَى is used as a prefixed n. for عِدَة as syn. with وَعْد. (Fr; S and L in art. وعد, q. v.) عَدْوَةٌ [inf. n. un. of عَدَا: pl. عَدَوَاتٌ. b2: Hence the saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو عَدَوَاتٍ وَذُو بَدَوَاتٍ, expl. voce بَدَآءٌ, in art. بدو. See another reading of this saying voce عَدَوَانٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] one says, لَهُ عَدْوَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ He has a vehement run of the kind termed عَدْو, inf. n. of عَدَا. (Msb) b4: عَدْوَةُ الأَمَدِ means The extent of the eyesight. (TA.) And one says, هُوَ مِنِّى عَدْوَةَ القَوْسِ [app. meaning He, or it, is at the distance of a bowshot from me]. (TA.) A2: See also عُدْوَةٌ. b2: عَدَايَا is used in poetry as a pl. of عدوة [app. عَدْوَةٌ, but in what sense is not shown]. (TA.) عُدْوَةٌ and ↓ عِدْوَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of the dial. of Kureysh and the latter of the dial. of Keys, (Msb,) and ↓ عَدْوَةٌ, (K,) all mentioned by ISd, (TA,) The side of a valley; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عِدًى; (K;) which last likewise signifies [absolutely] a side, or lateral part or portion; and so ↓ عَدًى; (K, TA; [see both voce عَادٍ, last sentence;]) thus in the M; (TA;) and the pl. is أَعْدَآءٌ; (K, TA;) or this last signifies [particularly] the sides of a valley, and so do ↓ عِدًى and ↓ عَدًى: (TA:) the pl. of عُدْوَةٌ and ↓ عِدْوَةٌ is عِدَآءٌ and [of عُدْوَةٌ] عُدَيَاتٌ also. (S.) b2: And عُدْوَةٌ signifies also An elevated place; and so ↓ عِدْوَةٌ: (AA, S, K:) pl. [as above, i. e. of both] عِدَآءٌ and [of the former] عُدَيَاتٌ [also]. (K. [In some copies of the K, the latter pl. is written عَدَيَاتٌ; in the CK عُدْياتٌ; but it is correctly عُدَيَاتٌ, as above, thus in my copies of the S; and perhaps عِدَيَاتٌ may also be a pl., i. e. of عِدْوَةٌ, being thus written accord. to the TA in copies of the S.]) b3: And A place far extending: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) b4: See also عَدَآءٌ. b5: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, has expl. عُدْوَةٌ as signifying “ Atrium, impluvium domus: ” but this the former has app. done from his having found عدوة erroneously written for عَذِرَة.]

A2: عُدْوَةٌ signifies also The kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة; i. e., in which is sweetness. (TA.) عِدْوَةٌ: see عُدْوَةٌ, in three places: b2: and see also عَدَآءٌ. b3: [Freytag states, as from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, that, accord. to some, it signifies A stone with which a grave, or a well, is covered: and that the pl. is ↓ عَدَآءٌ: this latter, if correct, is a quasi-pl. n.: but perhaps it is correctly عِدَآءٌ: see عِدًى, first sentence.]

A2: أُمُور عِدْوَة [app. أُمُورٌ عِدْوَةٌ, or perhaps أُمُورُ عِدْوَةٍ,] signifies Remote affairs. (TA.) عَدْوَى Mange, or scab, or other disease, that passes, or is transitive, from one to another; (S, K, TA;) a transitive disease; and such is said to be the جَرَب, and the بَرَص, and the رَمَد, and the حَصْبَة, and the جُذَام, and the وَبَآء, and the جُدَرِىّ. (Kull p. 259.) You say, لَا تُقَرِّبْهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّ بِهِ عَدْوَى Do not thou bring him near to him, for in him is a disease such as the mange, or scab, that is transitive from one to another. (TK.) b2: And The transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another: (S, K, TA, TK:) the subst. from يَعْدُو said of the mange, or scab, expl. above, as meaning “ it passes ” &c. (Msb. [See 1, first quarter.]) It is said in a trad., لَا عَدْوَى, i. e. لَا يُعْدِى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]; (S;) or [lit.] there is no transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another. (TK.) b3: And i. q. فَسَادٌ [i. e. Badness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.]. (K, TA. [In the CK erroneously written in this sense عُدْوٰى; which, however, being an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, q. v., may be correctly used as having the same, or nearly the same, meaning.]) So in the saying, ?? [In him, or it, is badness, &c.]. (TK.) A2: A(??) A demand that one makes upon a prefect, or governor, [or judge,] to aid, or assist, him against him who has wronged him, i. e. to inflict penal retribution on him, (IF, S, Msb,) for his wrongdoing to him. (IF, Msb.) b2: and Aid, or assistance, against a wrongdoer, (S, Mgh, TA,) required of a judge, for the bringing into his presence the antagonist: and also applied to a signet, or a [sealed] piece of clay, given by the judge as a token to denote the summoning of him whose presence is required. (Mgh.) عُدَوَآءُ (S, K) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and ↓ عَدَآءٌ (K) Distance, or remoteness, (S, K, TA,) as also ↓ عِدًى, (Ham p. 377,) [or particularly] of a house, or an abode, or a dwelling. (S, TA.) [Hence,] one says, طَالَتْ عُدَوَاؤُهُمْ Their distance, or remoteness, one from another, and their separation, was, or became, long. (TA.) b2: Also (i. e. the first and ↓ second and ↓ third words) Occupation, or business, that turns one away, or back, from a thing: (K, TA:) or عُدَوَآءُ signifies a custom, or habit, of occupation or business: (TA:) and عُدَوَآءُ الشُّغْلِ, the hindrances, or impediments, of occupation or business: (S, TA:) and one says, جِئْتَنِى وَأَنَا فِى عُدَوَآءَ عَنْكَ i. e. [Thou camest to me when I was engaged] in an occupation that diverted [me from thee]: (so in one of my copies of the S:) the pl. of ↓ عَادِيَةٌ is عَوَادٍ: (TA:) عَوَادِى الدَّهْرِ means the accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune, that divert [or intervene as obstacles] by occupying or busying: (S:) and you say, عَوَادِ ↓ عَدَتْ, [lit.] meaning Things, or events, turning away, or back, turned, or have turned, away, or back; [but this phrase, when followed by دُونَ or بَيْنَ, I would rather render, simply, obstacles occurred, or have occurred;] (S, TA;) thus in the latter of two verses cited voce حَبَّ. (S.) b3: عُدَوَآءُ الدَّهْرِ means The shifting, and varying, of time or fortune. (TA.) b4: and عُدَوَآءُ الشَّوْقِ What has severely affected, distressed, or afflicted, its sufferer, of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (TA.) b5: And عُدَوَآءُ signifies also A مَرْكَب [i. e. beast, or saddle, or thing on which one rides,] that is not easy: (K:) or, accord. to As, a place where he who sits thereon is not in a state of ease: and one says, جِئْتُ عَلَى مَرْكَبٍ ذِى عُدَوَآءَ i. e. [I came upon a beast, or saddle, &c.,] that was not easy: (S:) and جِئْتُكَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ ذِى عُدَوَآءَ, the last word imperfectly decl., i. e. [I came to thee upon a horse] that was not easy: (TA:) and جَلَسَ عَلَى عُدَوَآءَ He sat upon an uneven thing or place; (M, TA;) the last word imperfectly decl., as is said by ISd. (TA.) b6: Also Dry, hard, land; (K, TA;) sometimes occurring in a well when it is dug; and sometimes it is stone, from which the digger turns aside: and one says, أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ عُدَوَآءَ, meaning land that is not even, or plain; not easy to walk or ride or lie upon: or, as some say, it means a rough, rugged, place: or an elevated place upon which the camel lies down and then reclines thereon upon his side, having by his side a depressed place, which causes him to tend downwards, in consequence whereof he becomes in the state termed تَوَهُّنٌ, [weak, or languid, and unable to rise,] i. e. in the condition of extending his body towards the low place while his legs are upon the عُدَوَآء, which is the elevated, so that he is unable to rise, and dies. (TA.) A2: And [it is said that] العُدَوَآءُ also signifies اناخة قليلة [app. إِنَاخَةٌ قَلِيلَةٌ, meaning A little, or brief, making of a camel to lie down upon the breast, as is done on the occasions of mounting and dismounting &c.]. (TA.) عُدْوِىٌّ and عُدَوِىٌّ [are rel. ns. of which only the fem. forms are mentioned, in what here follows]. عُدْوِيَّةٌ and عُدَوِيَّةٌ are rel. ns. of عُدْوَةٌ as meaning “ the kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة,” the former reg. and the latter irreg.; and عَوَادٍ [pl. of ↓ عَادٍ or of عَادِيَةٌ] is a possessive epithet [from the same], without the relative ى: [all are app. applied to camels, as meaning Having for their pasture the plants, or herbage, called عُدْوَة, above mentioned: but it is immediately added,] and عُدْوِيَّةٌ and عُدَوِيَّةٌ applied to camels signify that pasture upon the [plants called] حَمْض: (TA:) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and [the pl.] عَوَادٍ, so applied, have this latter meaning accord. to the M and K: but accord. to the S, they are applied to camels as meaning abiding among the [trees called] عِضَاه, not quitting them, and not pasturing upon the حَمْض; and so is [the pl.] عَادِيَاتٌ. (TA in another portion of this art.) [See also عَاذِيَةٌ, in art. عذو.]

عِدَوِىٌّ, being a rel. n. of عِدَةٌ, see in art. وعد.

عَدَوِيَّةٌ The herbage of the صَيْف [q. v., here app. meaning spring], after the departure of the رَبِيع [q. v., here app. meaning winter]: (S, K:) it is applied to the young trees which then become green and are depastured by the camels: (S:) or, as some say, the [plants, or herbage, called] رَبْل [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And The young ones of sheep or goats. (K.) b3: And Female infants [of the age] of forty days; (K, TA; [in the CK, نَبات is erroneously put for بَنَات;]) but when their [hair termed] عَقِيقَة has been cut off, this appel-lation is no longer applied to them: so says Lth; but Az pronounces him to have erred: (TA:) or it is with غ (K, TA) and ذ, both dotted, or only the former of them dotted, and one of them is called غَدِىٌّ [or غَدَوِىٌّ, or غَذِىٌّ or غَذَوِىٌّ]: thus in the M, and thus accord. to Az. (TA.) عُدْوَانٌ [expl. in the S as signifying Sheer or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct,] is an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ [q. v.]; (ISd, Msb, K;) as also عِدْوَانٌ. (ISd, K.) عَدَوَانٌ, applied to a wolf, (S, K,) means يَعْدُو عَلَى النَّاسِ [i. e. That acts aggressively against men]; (S, TA;) i. q. ↓ عَادٍ [app. in this sense], (K, TA,) which occurs in a trad. applied to a beast of prey, (TA,) an epithet applied to a beast of prey by the Prophet: (Mgh:) one says سَبُعٌ عَادٍ and سِبَاعٌ عَادِيَةٌ. (Msb.) [In the S, immediately after the words يَعْدُو عَلَى النَّاسِ, it is added, and hence their saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو عَدَوَانٍ وَذُو بَدَوَانٍ; and thus I find the saying cited as from the S in arts. عدو and بدو of the PS: but I think that عَدَوَانٍ and بَدَوَانٍ, here, are mistranscriptions for عَدَوَاتٍ and بَدَوَاتٍ, as I find them written in my copies of the S and TA in the arts. above mentioned: see عَدْوَةٌ, above; and see بَدَآءٌ in art. بدو, where it seems to be clearly shown that بَدَوَاتٍ is correct, as pl. of بَدَاةٌ.] b2: Also, (S, K, and Ham p. 81,) and ↓ عَدَّآءٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and Ham ubi suprà,) That runs vehemently, or much; (S, Mgh, Msb, K; *) i. q. شَدِيدُ العَدْوِ, (S, TA,) or كَثِيرُ العَدْوِ; (Ham;) applied to a horse: (Mgh, and Ham:) [and to a man:] الشَّدِيدَةُ, in the K, is a mistake for الشَّدِيدُهُ, meaning الشَّدِيدُ العَدْوِ. (TA.) عَدَآءٌ an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: And, as also ↓ عِدَآءٌ, A single طَلَق [or heat; i. e., a single run, at once, to a goal, or limit]; (K, TA;) of a horse. (TA.) A2: And عَدَآءُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ, (S, K,) as also ↓ عِدَاهُ, (K, TA,) [the latter written in the CK عِداؤُهُ, but] the former is with the lengthened ا and the latter with the shortened ا, (TA,) and ↓ عِدْوُهُ and ↓ عِدْوَتُهُ and ↓ عُدْوَتُهُ, (K,) signify طَوَارُهُ, (S, K,) i. e. [The equal, of anything, in breadth and length; or] what is coextensive with anything in its breadth and its length. (S, TA.) One says, لَزِمْتُ عَدَآءَ الطَّرِيقِ, or النَّهْرِ, or الجَبَلِ, meaning طَوَارَهُ [i. e. I kept to the tract coextensive in its breadth and its length with the road, or the river, or the mountain]. (TA.) A3: See also عُدَوَآءُ, first and third sentences.

A4: And see عِدًى, and عِدْوَةٌ.

عِدَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: A2: and see also عِدًى.

عَدُوٌّ And enemy, contr. of وَلِىٌّ, (S,) or of صَدِيقٌ, (K,) or of صَدِيقٌ مُوَالٍ; (Msb;) an epithet, but resembling a subst.: (S:) [and (like our word “ enemy ” in military parlance) a hostile party: for] it is used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.; (Msb, K;) as is said in the “ Muk-tasar el-' Eyn: ” (Msb:) but sometimes it is dualized and pluralized and feminized: (K:) the pl. is أَعْدَآءٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and the pl. of أَعْدَآءٌ is أَعَادٍ; (Msb, K; *) and عِدًى and عُدًى are also pls. of عَدُوٌّ; (S, Msb, K; [each improperly termed in the K اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ; for فِعَلٌ and فُعَلٌ are measures of pls., not of quasi-pl. ns.;]) the former said by ISk to be the only pl. of this measure among epithets; (S, Msb; *) and عُدَاةٌ, with damm and with ة, is another pl.; (Th, S, Msb;) and is pl. of ↓ عَادٍ, (K, TA,) which is syn. with عَدُوٌّ; (S, K, TA;) as in the saying of a woman of the Arabs, أَشْمَتَ رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ عَادِيَكَ [May the Lord of the beings of the universe make thy enemy to rejoice at thy affliction]: (S, TA:) the fem. form of عَدُوٌّ is عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb,) which is said by Az to be used when the meaning of an epithet is intended: (Msb:) it is said by ISk, (S, TA,) and in the “ Bari',” (Msb,) that there is no instance of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of فَاعِلٌ but its fem. is without ة, except عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) in the phrase هٰذِهِ عَدُوَّةٌ اللّٰهِ [This woman is the enemy of God]: accord. to Fr, عَدُوَّةٌ has the affix ة to assimilate it to صَدِيقَةٌ; for a word is sometimes formed to accord with its contr.: (S, TA:) Az says that he heard certain of the tribe of 'Okeyl say, [of some women,] هُنَّ وَلِيَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and عَدُوَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and أًوْلِيَاؤُهُ and أَعْدَاؤُهُ [i. e. They are the friends of God and the enemies of God]. (Msb.) [The pl.] عِدًى signifies also Persons distant, or remote, one from another: (ISd, K, TA:) and (K) strangers, or foreigners: (ISk, S, K, TA:) and such as are distant, or remote, in respect of relationship; or not relations: (TA:) as well as enemies: (M, TA:) كَالأَعْدَآءِ, which is added in the K after وَالغُرَبَآءُ, should be وَالأَعْدَآءُ. (TA.) عَدِىٌّ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of عَادٍ, q. v. (S, TA.) عَدَاوَةٌ Enmity, or hostility; (S, K, TA;) like مُعَادَاةٌ [inf. n. of 3, q. v.]. (TA.) عَدَّآءٌ: see عَدَوَانٌ, last sentence.

عَادٍ [act. part. n. of عَدَا, q. v. b2: As such particularly signifying] Acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; transgressing, or exceeding the proper limit: (Msb, TA:) pl. عَادُونَ. (Msb.) Hence the saying, لَا أَشْمَتَ اللّٰهُ بِكَ عَادِيَكَ i. e. [May God not make to rejoice at thy affliction] him who acts wrongfully to thee. (TA.) [And hence the phrase لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ, expl. in art. ظهر.] See also عَدَوَانٌ. And see عَدُوٌّ, with which it is syn. b3: Also Seizing, or carrying off, by force; or snatching at unawares. (TA.) and العَادِى signifies [particularly] The lion; (K, TA;) because of his injuriousness, and his seizing men and making them his prey. (TA.) b4: ↓ عَدِىٌّ is a pl. of عَادٍ, [or rather a quasi-pl. n.,] like as غَزِىٌّ is of غَازٍ; as such signifying Runners upon their feet: (S, TA:) or a company of men, (K, TA,) in the dial. of Hudheyl, (TA,) that run to the fight (K, TA) and the like: (TA:) or the first, of the footmen, [or foot-soldiers,] that charge, or assault; (K, TA;) because they run quickly: (TA:) like عَادِيَةٌ, (K, TA,) of which the pl. is عَوَادٍ, (TA,) in both senses: or this signifies the horsemen; (K, TA;) i. e. the first, of the horsemen, that charge, or assault, in a hostile, or predatory, incursion, especially; (TA;) or horses making a hostile, or predatory, incursion; and hence [the pl.] العَادِيَات in the Kur c. 1. (TA in the supplement to this art.) And accord. to ElKhuwárezmee, عَدِىٌّ particularly signifies The foot-messengers of the sovereign, and of the judge, who are made to run in quest of one against whom an accusation has been made, and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him the right, or due, of his accuser. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100.) A2: عَادِى العَوَادِى, a phrase used by a poet, is expl. by IAar as meaning The hardest, or most pressing, or most severe, of occupations that turn one away, or back, from a thing. (TA.) A3: See also عَادٍ and its fem. عَادِيَةٌ voce عُدْوِىٌّ.

A4: عَادِيَا اللَّوْحِ signifies طَرَفَاهُ [The two extremities, or two sides, of the tablet or the like]; (K, TA;) each of them being called عادى [i. e.

عَادِى اللَّوْحِ, or a mistranscription for عَادٍ], like عِدى [i. e. ↓ عِدًى or ↓ عَدًى, both mentioned above, voce عُدْوَةٌ, as meaning, absolutely, a side, or lateral part or portion]. (TA.) عَادِيَةٌ [fem. of.عَادٍ, q. v.

A2: As a subst., it signifies] Wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny; and evil, or mischief; (S, TA;) as in the saying دَفَعْتُ عَنْكَ عَادِيَةَ فُلَانٍ [I repelled, or have repelled, from thee the wrongdoing &c., and the evil, or mischief, of such a one]: (S:) it is an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] like عَاقِبَةٌ: and signifies also sharpness, or hastiness, of temper; and anger. (TA.) Also The harm, or hurt, of poison. (Har p. 304.) A3: See also عُدَوَآءُ, in three places.

A4: عَوَادِى الكَرْمِ, (K, TA,) of which عَادِيَةٌ is the sing., (TA,) signifies The grape-vines that are planted at the feet, or roots, of great trees. (K, TA.) أَعْدَى [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees, and having several different significations]. أَعْدَى مِنَ الجَرَبِ More transitive, or wont to pass from one to another, than the mange, or scab, is a prov. (Meyd.) and أَعْدَى مِنَ الثُّؤَبَآءِ is another prov., having a similar meaning [i. e. More wont to pass from one to another, or, as we commonly say, more catching, than yawning]; (Meyd;) for when a man yawns in the presence of others, they become affected as he is. (TA in art. ثأب.) b2: أَعْدَى مِنَ الذِّئْبِ is also a prov., and may mean More wrongful, or more inimical, or more vehement in running, than the wolf. (Meyd.) أَعْدَى مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ, another prov., (expl. in the latter half of the first paragraph,) is from العَدْوُ. (Meyd.) b3: هُوَ أَعْدَى شَىْءٍ [app. meaning It is the most effectual thing to aid, or assist, or to avenge; أَعْدَى in this case being irregularly formed from the augmented verb in the phrase أَعْدَاهُ عَلَيْهِ]. (TA in art. ادو: see آدَى in that art.) تَعَادٍ Uneven places, (K, TA,) dissimilar in their several parts: occurring in this sense in a trad. (TA.) As mentions the saying نِمْتُ عَلَى

↓ مَكَانٍ مُتَعَادٍ, meaning [I slept upon] a place dissimilar in its several parts; uneven: and هٰذِهِ

↓ أَرْضٌ مُتَعَادِيَةٌ This is land having in it burrows, and [trenches, or channels, such as are termed]

لَخَاقِيق. (S, TA.) مَا لِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ مَعْدًى means There is not for me any going beyond such a one to another, nor any stopping short of him. (S.) مَعْدُوٌّ: see what next follows.

فُلَانٌ مَعْدِىٌّ عَلَيْهِ and ↓ مَعْدُوٌّ (S, K *) mean [Such a one is] treated wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (K:) the ى in مَعْدِىٌّ is substituted for و because the latter [in this case] is deemed difficult of utterance. (S.) مُتَعَادٍ; and its fem., with ة: see تَعَادٍ.

كن

Entries on كن in 5 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Rāghib al-Isfahānī, al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qurʾān, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, and 2 more

كن



كِنٌّ A place of retreat or concealment; such as a cave, and an excavated house or chamber: (Beyd, xvi. 83:) see بَرٌّ. b2: كِنٌّ The shelter of a wall: see دِفْءٌ. b3: A thing that serves for veiling, covering, or protecting. (S, * Msb, * K.) See ظِلٌّ, where I have thus rendered it.

كُنَّةٌ

: see طَنَفٌ.

كِنَانَةٌ

: see جَعْبَةٌ.

كَانُونٌ A fire-place; a place in which fire is lighted. (S, K.) مَكْنُونُ الفَائِلِ

: see a verse of El-Aashà in art. فيل.

فاعل مُسْتَكِنٌّ

: see مُسْتَقِنٌ.
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