Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane (d. 1876) المعجم العربي الإنجليزي لإدوارد وليام لين

Search results for: رمض in Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane (d. 1876) المعجم العربي الإنجليزي لإدوارد وليام لين

اجن

Entries on اجن in 2 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha and Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane

اجن

1 أَجَنَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and اَجُنَ; (S, Msb, K;) and أَجِنَ, (S, Mgh, &c.,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) mentioned by Yz; (S;) inf. n. of the former أُجُونٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K *) and أَجْنٌ; (S, Msb, K; *) and of the latter أَجَنٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) It (water) became altered for the worse (S, Mgh, Msb, K) in taste and colour, (S, Mgh, K,) from some such cause as long standing, (TA,) but was drinkable: (Mgh, Msb:) or became altered for the worse in its odour by oldness: or became covered with [the green substance called] طُحْلُب and with leaves: (Mgh:) أَجُنَ, also, said of water, signifies it became altered for the worse: (Th:) and in the Iktitáf occurs أَجَنَ, aor. ـَ which is unknown, but may be a mixture of two dial. vars. [namely of أَجَنَ having for its aor. ـِ and اَجُنَ, and يَأْجَنُ having for its pret.

أَجِنَ]. (MF) A2: أَجَنَ He (a قَصَّارَ, or whitener of cloth) beat a piece of cloth or a garment [in washing it]. (S, K.) أَجْنٌ: see آجِنٌ.

أَجِنٌ: see آجِنٌ.

أُجْنَةٌ (S, K) and أْجْنَةٌ and إِجْنَةٌ (K) i. q. وَجْنَةٌ [The ball, or elevated part, of the cheek]. (S, K.) أَجِينٌ: see آجِنٌ.

إِجَانَّةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ إِنْجِانَةُ, (Lh, K,) the latter of the dial. of Teiyi, (Lh, TA,) or this is a vulgar form, (Mgh,) not allowable, (S,) and ↓ إِيجَانَةٌ, (K,) with ى, (TA,) A thing well known; (K;) a vessel in which clothes are washed; (Msb;) a [vessel also called] مِرْكَن, resembling a لَقَن [which is a kind of basin], in which clothes are washed: (Mgh:) or what is called in Persian پنگان [i. e. پِنْگانْ a small cup]: (PS:) [it probably received this last meaning, and some others, in post-classical times: Golius explains it as meaning “ lagena, phiala, crater: ”

adding, “hinc vulgo Fingiána [i. e. فِنْجَانَة] calix vocatur: item Urceus: hydria: [referring to John ii. 6:] Vas dimidiœ seriœ simile, in quo aqua et similia ponuntur: ” on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof: and, on the same authority, “Labrum seu vas lapideum instar pelvis, in quo lavantur vestes: ”] pl. أَجَاجِينُ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) meaning [also] what resemble troughs, surrounding trees. (Msb.) آجِنٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ أَجِنٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَجْنٌ (ISd, TA) and ↓ أَجِينٌ (TA) Water altered for the worse (S, Mgh, Msb, K) in taste and colour, (S, Mgh, K,) from some such cause as long standing, (TA,) but still drinkable: (Mgh, Msb:) or altered for the worse in its odour by oldness: or covered with [the green substance called] طُحْلُب and with leaves: (Mgh:) pl. أُجُونٌ; thought by ISd to be pl. of أَجْنٌ and آجِنٌ. (TA.) إِنْجَانَةٌ: see إِجَّانَةٌ.

إِيجَانَةٌ: see إِجَّانَةٌ.

مِئْجَنَةٌ [in Golius's Lex. مِئْجَنٌ] The instrument for beating used by the قَصَّار [or whitener of cloth, in washing]: but better without ء, [written مِيجَنةٌ,] because the pl. is مَوَاجِنُ; or, accord. to IB, the pl. is مَآجِنُ. (TA.)

عض

Entries on عض in 6 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, and 3 more

عض

1 عَضِضْتُهُ, and عَضِضْتُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and بِهِ (S, O, Msb,) third Pers\. عَضَّ, (S,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) i. e. يَعَضُّ, (ISk, S, O,) imp. عَضّ [i. e. عَضَّ and عَضِّ] and اِعْضَضٌ, (TA,) inf. n. عَضٌّ (Mgh, O, Msb, K) and عَضِيضٌ (O, K) and عُضَاضٌ, (TA, [see also عِضَاضٌ, below,]) [I bit it; or] I seized it, or took hold of it, with my teeth, (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and pressed it therewith; (TA;) namely, a thing, (A,) or a morsel of food: (S, Msb:) or with my tongue; (A, K;) as, for instance, a serpent does; but not a scorpion; for this latter stings: (TA:) accord. to the Book of Verbs by IKtt, one also says عَضَضْتُ, aor. ـُ (Msb:) and [it has been asserted that] one says, (Msb, K,) though rarely, (Msb,) عَضَضْتُ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K:) it is said in the S [and O] that ISk cites AO as asserting that عَضَضْتُ, with fet-h [to the first ض] is a dial. var. [which obtained] among [the tribes of] Er-Ribáb: but, IB says, this is a mistranscription; for what ISk says, in the book entitled “ ElIsláh,” is, غَصِصْتُ بِاللُّقْمَةِ فَأَنَا أَغَصُّ بِهَا غَصَصًا قَالَ

أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَغَصَصْتُ لُغَةٌ فِى الرِّبَابِ, with [the pointed غ and] the unpointed ص: to which [says SM] I add, that thus it is found in the handwriting of Aboo-Zekereeyà and of Ibn-El-Jawáleekee, in the “ Isláh ” of ISk, and they expressly assert that what is in the S is a mistranscription. (TA.) b2: عَضَّ الفَرَسُ عَلَى لِجَامِهِ [The horse champed his bit]. (Msb.) b3: It is said in the Kur [iii. 115], وَإِذَا خَلَوْا عَضَّوا عَلَيْكُمُ الأَنَامِلَ مِنَ الغَيْظِ (assumed tropical:) [and when they are alone, they bite the ends of the fingers by reason of wrath, or rage, against you]: meaning that, by reason of the vehemence of their hatred of the believers, they eat [or rather bite] their hands in wrath, or rage. (O, TA.) Yousay also, عَضَّ عَلَى يَدِهِ غَيْظًا (tropical:) [He bit his hand in wrath, or rage], when a man is inordinate in his enmity. (TA.) In like manner, it is said in the Kur [xxv. 29], وَيَوْمَ يَعَضُّ الظَّالِمُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ (tropical:) [And the day when the wrong-doer shall bite his hands]; meaning, in repentance and regret. (O, TA.) And it is said in a prov., عَضَّ عَلَى شِبْدِعِهِ, i. e. لِسَانِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He bit his tongue]: applied to the clement, or forbearing. (O, TA.) One says also, عَضَّ بِالْخَمْسِ, meaning He bit the fingers. (Ham p. 790.) b4: عَضَّ فِى العِلْمِ بِنَاجِذِهِ (tropical:) He confirmed his knowledge; made it sound. (Mgh.) b5: Mohammad said, عَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِى وَسُنَّةِ الخُلَفَآءِ الرَّشِدِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِى عَضُّوا عَلَيْهَا بِالنَّوَاجِذِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Keep ye to my course of conduct, and the course of conduct of the orthodox Khaleefehs after me:] cleave ye, or hold ye fast, thereto. (Mgh, * Msb.) and you say, of a man, عَضَّ بِصَاحِبِهِ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. عَضِيضٌ (S, O, K) and عَضٌّ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He kept, or clave, to his companion; (S, O, K;) he stuck to him: (TA:) and عَضَّهُ has the same, which is said to be the primary, signification; (TA;) or this signifies he seized him with his teeth, because the doing so is a means of cleaving. (IAth, TA.) You say also عضضت بِمَالِى, [so in the TA, without any vowel-signs to the verb,] inf. n. عُضُوضَةٌ and عَضَاضَةٌ, [to agree with which, the pret. by rule should be عَضُضْتُ,] (assumed tropical:) I clave, or held fast, to my property. (TA.) And عَضَّ فُلَانٌ بِالشَّرِّ (tropical:) Such a one kept, or clave, to evil, or mischief, and did not leave it. (A, TA.) b6: عَضَّهُ, (Aboo-'Is-hák, TA in art. همز,) or عَضَّهُ بِلِسَانِهِ, (A, TA, *) inf. n. عَضٌّ, (TA,) (tropical:) He defamed him; spoke evil of him; or backbit him. (Aboo-Is-hák, ubi suprà; A, TA.) b7: عَضَّ الثِّقَافُ بِأَنَابِيبِ الرُّمْحِ, and عَضَّ عَلَيْهَا, inf. n. عَضٌّ, (tropical:) The straighteninginstrument held fast to [or pinched] the internodal portions of the spear. (TA.) b8: عَضَّهُ القَتَبُ, inf. n. عَضٌّ, (tropical:) [The camel's saddle hurt him] as though it bit him. (IB.) b9: عَضَّهُمُ السِّلَاحُ (tropical:) [The weapon, or weapons, wounded them]. (O, TA.) b10: عَضَّهُ الأَمْرُ (tropical:) The thing, or affair, was, or became, severe, or distressing, or afflictive, to him. (A, TA.) And you say also, عَضَّتْهُ الحَرْبُ (A, O) and عَضَّتْ بِهِ (tropical:) War, or the war, was, or became, severe to him. (Ham p. 628. See an ex. voce رَحِيمٌ.) عَضُّ الزَّمَانِ and الحَرْبِ signify (tropical:) The severity, or rigour, of time, or fortune, and of war: or in these two cases, the former word is with ظ: (K:) or, accord. to IKtt and others, عَضّ and عَظّ are two dial. vars. (TA.) and عَضَّ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَضِيضٌ, signifies also (assumed tropical:) He, or it, was, or became, strong, or hard; syn. اِشْتَدَّ and صَلُبَ: (IKtt, TA:) app. said of a man: (TA:) [or, thus used, it has a more comprehensive meaning; for] it is said in the S that عَضِضْتَ, addressed to a man, signifies (tropical:) thou becamest, or hast become, such as is termed عِضٌّ [q. v.]; and the like is said in the A; and Sgh adds [in the O] that its inf. n. is عَضَاضَةٌ. (TA.) b11: عَضَّتْهُ الأَسْفَارُ (tropical:) Travels rendered him experienced, or expert. (A, TA.) And one says, عَضَّتْهُ الأَمُورُ بِأَضْرَاسِهَا وَأَكَلَتْهُ حَتَّى عَرَّفَتْهُ (assumed tropical:) [The management of affairs rendered him experienced so that they taught him]. (A in art. جرس.) 2 عضّضهُ, inf. n. تَعْضِيضٌ, [He bit him, or it, much, or frequently,] a word of the dial. of Temeem. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ يُعَضِّضُ شَفَتَيْهِ Such a one bites (يَعَضُّ) his lips much, or often, by reason of anger. (S.) And, of an ass, عَضَّضَتْهُ الحُمُرُ The asses bit him much, (O, K,) and lacerated him with their teeth. (O.) b2: [and hence,] عضّض He jested with his girl, or young woman. (IAar, O, K.) A2: Also عضّض, (inf. n. as above, IAar,) (assumed tropical:) He drew water from a well such as is termed عَضُوضٌ. (IAar, O, K.) A3: And He fed his camels with [the provender termed] عُضّ. (IAar, O, K.) 3 عَاضَّتِ الدَّوَابُّ, (K, * TA,) inf. n. عِضَاضٌ (S, K) and مُعَاضَّةٌ, (S,) The beasts bit one another. (S, * K, * TA.) And in like manner you say, هُمَا

↓ يَتَعَاضَّانِ They two bite each other. (S.) b2: [Hence the saying,] عَاضَّ القَوْمُ العَيْشَ مُنْذُ العَامِ فَاشْتَدَّ عِضَاضُهُمْ i. e. عَيْشُهُمْ [app. meaning The people, or company of men, have grappled with life during this year, and their life has been strait, or difficult, or hard]. (S.) [See عِضَاضُ عَيْشٍ.]4 أَعْضَضْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I made him to bite the thing; or to seize it, or take hold of it, with his teeth. (S, * O, K.) b2: It is said in a trad., مَنْ تَعَزَّى

بِعَزَآءِ الجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَعِضُّوهُ بِهَنِ أَبِيهِ وَلَا تَكْنُوا (S, * Mgh, Msb, K) i. e. Whoso asserteth his relationship [of son] in the manner of the people of the Time of Ignorance, meaning by saying, in crying out for aid or succour, يَا لَفُلَانٍ, (Mgh and Msb in art. عزو,) and exclaiming, أَنَا فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ, (Msb,) say ye to him اِعْضَضْ بِأَيْرِ أَبِيكَ, (Mgh, O, L, Msb,) or اعضض أَيْرَ أَبِيكَ, (K,) [Bite thou the اير of thy father,] and use not a metonymical term for it, by saying هن for اير. (Mgh, O, L, K.) b3: أَعْضَضْتُهُ سَيْفِى (tropical:) [I made my sword to wound him;] I smote him with my sword. (S, O, K.) And أَعَضَّ السَّيْفَ بِسَاقِ البَعِيرِ (tropical:) [He made the sword to wound the thigh, or shank, of the camel]. (A, TA.) And أَعَضَّ المَحَاجِمَ قَفَاهُ (Lh, A, O *) (tropical:) He made the cupping-instruments to cleave to the back of his neck. (Lh.) A2: أَعَضَّتِ البِئْرُ (assumed tropical:) The well became such as is termed عَضُوضٌ. (S, O, K.) A3: أَعَضُّوا Their camels ate [the provender called]

عُضّ: (S, O, K:) and their camels pastured upon [the trees called] عِضّ, (S, O,) or عَضَاض. (L.) b2: And اعضّت الأَرْضُ The land abounded with عِضّ, (S, O,) or عُضّ, (K,) or both. (TA.) 6 تَعَاْضَّ see 3.

عُضٌّ The provender, or fodder, of the people of the cities or towns; such as the dregs of sesamegrain from which the oil has been expressed, and crushed date-stones: (S, O, TA:) or dough with which camels are fed: (AHn, O, K:) and [the trefoil called] قَتّ, (AHn, O, K,) i. e. فِصْفِصَة: (AHn, O:) and barley and wheat, not mixed with any other thing: (AA, O, K:) or date-stones (K, TA) crushed, (TA,) and قَتّ, (K, TA,) with which camels are fed: (TA:) and thick, or course, trees [or shrubs] remaining in the earth: (AA, O, K;) as also ↓ عَضَاضٌ: (AA, O:) or date-stones (K, TA) crushed, (TA,) and dough: (K, TA:) and barley (K, TA) with one of those two things; (TA;) but 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh disallows its application to date-stones: (IB, TA:) or thick, large firewood, collected: (K, TA:) and dry herbage (K, TA) with which beasts are fed. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. صلب, conj. 2.] b2: See also the next paragraph, last sentence, in two places.

عِضٌّ [is of the measure فِعْلٌ, in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ in some cases, and in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ in other cases; but appears to have only tropical significations]. b2: (tropical:) A lock that will scarcely open; or that is not near to opening; expl. by لَا يَكَادُ يَنْفَتِحُ: (S, A, O, K:) or that will not open. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) One who keeps close to his property: (TA:) a man who improves his means of subsistence and his property, attends closely to it, and manages it well: (L:) or a manager of property: (K:) or عِضُّ مَالٍ signifies one who manages property well: (A:) or who manages property rigorously. (S, O.) b4: (tropical:) Niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious: (K, TA:) for a man's keeping close to his property generally courses him to fall into niggardliness: or such a person is likened to a lock that will not open. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) Evil in disposition; (Lth, O, K, TA;) bad, wicked or malignant. (TA.) b6: (tropical:) A strong man; (IAar, T, A, K;) as also ↓ عَضْعَضٌ. (IAar, T, TA.) It is said in the A that العَضِيضُ and العِضُّ signify الشَّدِيدُ: and in one place in the K, that العَضِيضُ signifies العَضُّ الشَّدِيدُ: and by Sgh, in his two books, [the O and TS,] as on the authority of IAar, that العَضْعَضُ signifies العَضُّ الشَّدِيدُ: but the correct reading is that which is given in the T, with which other lexicons agree. (TA.) b7: (tropical:) Having strength, or power, sufficient for a thing. (K.) You say, هُوَ عِضُّ سَفَرٍ (tropical:) He has strength, or power, sufficient for travel: (S, A, O:) he is rendered experienced, or expert, by travels: of the measure فِعْلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (A, TA.) And عِضُّ قِتَالٍ (tropical:) Having strength, or power, sufficient for fight. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) An equal in courage, or generally; or an opponent, or adversary; syn. قِرْنٌ: (O, K:) of another; (TA;) as also ↓ عَضِيضٌ. (TA.) [See the latter, below.] b9: (assumed tropical:) Cunning, or intel-ligent, or skilful and knowing, and contentious; in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, because such a person defames, or speaks evil of, or backbites, others: (A, TA:) (tropical:) understanding and knowing obscure, or abstruse, things: (A, TA:) (assumed tropical:) eloquent, and cunning or intelligent or skilful and knowing: (S, O, K:) and [simply] (assumed tropical:) cunning; syn. دَاهٍ; applied to a man: (S, O:) or (assumed tropical:) very cunning; syn. دَاهِيَةٌ: (K:) pl. [of mult.] غُضُوضٌ (O, K) and [of pauc.] أَعْضَاضٌ. (TA.) A2: Also i. q. شِرْسٌ, i. e. (Az, S, O) Such as are small, of thorny trees, (Az, S, O, K,) as the شُبْرُم and حَاج and شِبْرِق and لَصَف and عِتْر and the smaller قَتَاد (Az, S, O) and كَلْبَة and نُغْر [app. a mistranscription]; (Az, TA;) as also ↓ عُضٌّ, (K, TA,) accord. to AHn: (TA:) or the طَلْح and عَوْسَج and سَلَم and سَيَال and سَرْح and عُرْفُط and سَمُر and شَبَهَان and كَنَهْبَل; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عُضٌّ: (CK:) or the عوسج and سيال and عرفط and سمر and كنهبل are of the trees called عِضَاه [q. v.]. (Az, TA.) عَضَّةٌ [A bite]. (A and TA voce صَمَّمَ, q. v.) عَضَاضٌ (Ibn-Buzurj, S, A, O, K) and ↓ عَضُوضٌ (Ibn-Buzurj, S, O, K) and ↓ مَعْضُوضٌ (Ibn-Buzurj) A thing to be bitten (Ibn-Buzurj, S, A, O, K) and eaten. (S, O, K.) You say, مَا أَتَانَا مِنْ عَضَاضٍ, and ↓ عَضُوضٍ, and ↓ مَعْضُوضٍ, He brought not to us anything that we might bite. (Ibn-Buzurj.) And ↓ مَا عِنْدَنَا عَضُوضٌ and عَضَاضٌ, We have not what is to be bitten and eaten. (S, O.) And مَا ذُقْتُ عَضَاضًا I have not tasted a thing to be bitten. (A.) b2: Also عَضَاضٌ, Trees [or shrubs] that have become thick, or coarse. (K:) or plants that have become thick, or coarse, and dry, or tough, and hard. (TA.) See also عُضٌّ.

A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

عِضَاضٌ, (ISk, S, Msb, K,) with kesr, (S, Msb,) like كِتَابٌ, (K,) or ↓ عَضَاضٌ, (Sb, A,) like سَحَابٌ, (A,) a subst., like سَيَابٌ, not an inf. n., (Sb,) and ↓ عَضِيضٌ, (ISk, S, Msb,) The act, or fault, of biting, (S, * Msb, * K, * TA,) in a beast, (ISk, A, TA,) or a horse. (Msb, K.) You say (Yaakoob, S, TA) to the purchaser of a beast, when selling it, (TA,) بَرِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ العِضَاضِ, and ↓ العَضِيضِ, (Yaakoob, S, O, TA,) i. e. [I am irresponsible to thee for] its biting men; (TA;) or هٰذِهِ الدَّابَّةِ ↓ مِنْ عَضَاضِ [for the biting of this beast]. (A.) And ↓ دَابَّةٌ ذَاتُ عَضِيضٍ and عِضَاضٍ

[A beast having a fault of biting]. (TA.) A2: فُلَانٌ عِضَاضُ عَيْشٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one endures distress, or affliction, with patience. (S, O, K.) عَضُوضٌ A horse that bites; (S, O, Msb;) [i. e. that has a habit of biting; or that bites much; as the form of the word indicates;] and a camel; as also ↓ عَضَّاضٌ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A bow having its string cleaving, or sticking, to its كَبِد [or handle]. (A, O, K. [Omitted in the TA.]) b3: (assumed tropical:) A woman narrow in the فَرْج, (O, * K, TA,) so that the ذَكَر will not penetrate into it; (TA;) as also ↓ تَعْضُوضَةٌ: (K:) the latter is thought by Az to have this signification. (O, TA.) b4: (tropical:) A well that is deep, or having its bottom distant, (S, A, O, L, K,) and narrow, (S, O,) from which one draws by means of the سَانِيَة; (S, O, L;) as though it bit the water-drawer by the distress which it occasions him; (A;) and in like manner a water; (L;) and waters; as also ↓ عَضِيضٌ: (“ Nawádir ” of AA:) or a well distressing to the water-drawer: (TA:) or a well having much water: (O, K:) pl. عُضُضٌ, (as in some copies of the S and K, and in the O and TA,) or عُضَضٌ, (as in other copies of the S and K,) and عِضَاضٌ. (K.) b5: (tropical:) Severe; grievous; distressing; afflictive: applied to time, or fortune; (S, A, O, K;) and to war. (TA.) b6: (tropical:) Unjust, or tyrannical, rule, or dominion; (A, O, K, TA;) as though the subjects thereof were bitten; (O, TA;) an intensive epithet. (TA.) b7: (tropical:) A calamity; a misfortune. (O, L, K, TA.) A2: See also عَضَاضٌ, in three places.

عَضِيضٌ: see عِضَاضٌ, in three places.

A2: (assumed tropical:) An associate; a companion: or an equal in age: syn. قَرِينٌ: (O, K:) of another. (O, TA.) See also عِضٌّ. b2: Applied to waters, i. q. عَضُوضٌ, q. v. (“ Nawádir ” of AA.) b3: In the A and K, written by mistake for عَضْعَضٌ, as mentioned above, voce عِضٌّ. (TA.) عَضَّاضٌ: see عَضُوضٌ, first signification.

عَضْعَضٌ: see عِضٌّ.

عَاضٌّ A camel that feeds upon the trees called عِضّ. (ISk, S, O.) تَعْضُوضٌ A sort of black dates, (S, O, K,) sweet, (K,) very sweet, the place of origin of which is Hejer: (S, O:) n. un. with ة: (S, O, K:) which latter is said by AHn to be a date of a colour like that of the spleen, large, succulent, melliferous, luscious: and [also a tree producing such dates; for] he mentions his having been told that the تَعْضُوضَة bears, in Hejer, a thousand pounds, of the weight of the pound of El-'Irák. (O.) تَعْضُوضَةٌ, n. un. of تَعْضُوضٌ [q. v.]. b2: See also عَضُوضٌ, third signification.

مَعَضٌّ [lit. A place in which to bite. b2: and hence,] i. q. مُسْتَمْسَكٌ (tropical:) [A place in which, or on which, to lay hold: and a thing on which to lay hold]. (S, A, O, Msb.) So in the saying مَا لَنَا فِى الأَرْضِ مَعَضٌّ (tropical:) [There is not for us, in the earth, any place in which, or on which, to lay hold; meaning, in which to settle]. (A, TA.) And in the saying مَا لَنَا فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَعَضٌّ (tropical:) [There is not for us, in this affair, anything on which to lay hold]. (S, O, Msb, * TA.) مُعِضٌّ One whose camels feed upon [the trees called] عِضّ (S, O) [and upon عُضّ also: see the verb]. b2: And أَرْضٌ مُعِضَّةٌ Land abounding with [the trees called] عِضّ (S) [and with عُضّ].

حِمَارٌ مُعَضَّضٌ An ass bitten much by other asses, (O, K,) and lacerated with their teeth. (O.) مَعْضُوضٌ [pass. part. n. of 1; Bitten: &c.] b2: See also عَضَاضٌ, in two places.

عد

Entries on عد in 7 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Ibn Sīda al-Mursī, Al-Muḥkam wa-l-Muḥīṭ al-Aʿẓam, Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, and 4 more

عد

1 عَدَّهُ, (S, A, O, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (O, Msb,) inf. n. عَدٌّ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِدَّةٌ and تَعْدَادٌ [which last has an intensive signification, and may also be regarded as an inf. n. of the verb next following]; and ↓ عدّدهُ; (TA;) or this latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed, it: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) [and ↓ اِعْتَدَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by what here follows:] فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا, in the Kur xxxiii. 48, means [Then there shall not be for you, as incumbent on them, any عِدَّة (q. v.)] of which ye shall count the number [of the days]: (Bd, Jel:) or the meaning is, of which ye shall exact the accomplishment of the number [of the days]: (Ksh, Bd:) and Lh has mentioned, as heard from the Arabs, عَدَدْتُ الدَّرَاهِمَ أَفْرَادًا and وِحَادًا [I counted the dirhems by single pieces], and ↓ أَعْدَدْتُ, also, followed by the same words; then adding, “I know not whether it [i. e. the latter] be from العَدَدُ or from العُدَّةُ ” [i. e. whether the meaning be I counted or I prepared or provided, the latter of which is a well-known meaning]: his doubt indicates that أَعْدَدْتُ is a dial. var. of عَدَدْتُ; but [SM says] “ I know it not.” (TA.) عَدَّ is doubly trans.: you say عَدَدْتُكَ المَالَ as well as عَدَدْتُ لَكَ المَالَ [both meaning I numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed, to thee the articles of property]. (TA.) And you say, عُدَّ فِى قَوْمٍ He was numbered, or reckoned, among a people, or party. (S, K.) [And عَدَّ مَحَاسِنَهُ, and ↓ عَدَّدَهَا, inf. n. of the former عَدٌّ, and of either تَعْدَادٌ, He enumerated, or recounted, his good qualities or actions: a phrase of frequent occurrence.] b2: [Also He counted, or reckoned, as meaning he accounted, or esteemed, him, or it, good or bad &c.:] one says عَدَّهُ حَسَنًا He counted, accounted, reckoned, or esteemed, him, or it, good, or goodly; syn. اِسْتَحْسَنَهُ: (S in art. حسن, &c.:) and ↓ اعتدّ signifies the same as عَدَّ [in this sense]; whence the saying, وَيَعْتَدُّهُ قَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ تِجَارَةً [And many people count it, or reckon it, as merchandise]. (Har p. 127.) 2 عَدَّّ see above, in two places. b2: عدّدهُ also signifies He made it a provision against the casualties of fortune: (S, O, K: see also 4:) so, accord. to Akh, in the Kur civ. 2: or, as some say, he made it numerous: (S, O:) or it may mean he reckoned it (Bd and Jel in civ. 2) time after time. (Bd.) 3 عَاْدَّ [عادّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا, inf. n. مُعَادَّةٌ and عِدَادٌ, app. signifies They enumerated, or recounted, their good qualities or actions, one to another: for] يَوْمُ العِدَادِ is expl. by Sh as meaning يَوْمُ الفِخَارِ وَمُعَادَّةِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا [i. e. The day of vying, or contending for superiority, in glory, or excellence, &c., and app. of persons enumerating, or recounting, their good qualities or actions, one to another]. (TA.) [See also عِدَادٌ.] b2: عَادَّهُمُ الشَّىْءَ He shared with them equally in the thing: and عادّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا فِى الشَّىْءِ They shared one with another in the thing; i. e., in anything. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, عادّهُ فِى المِيرَاثِ [He shared with him in the inheritance]. (S.) b3: [The inf. n.] عِدَادٌ also signifies The contributing equally, or clubbing, for the purchase of corn, or food, to eat: and a people's having money, or property, divided into lots, or portions, and distributed in shares among them: syn. بِدَادٌ; (T and L in art. بد from IAar, and O in the present art.;) and مُنَاهَدَةٌ. (T and L in art. بد from IAar, and O and K in the present art.) [You say, عادّ القَوْمُ: see بَادَّ] b4: عادّهُ, inf. n. مُعَادَّةٌ and عِدَادٌ, said of a malady, and of the pain of a venomous sting or bite, and of insanity, It intermitted, and returned to him. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (S, O,) مَا زَالَتْ أُكْلَةُ خَيْبَرَ تُعَادُّنِى (S, O, K) The pain of the poison of the food of Kheyber which I ate has not ceased to return to me at certain periods. (TA.) and one says, عَادَّتْهُ اللَّسْعَةُ The pain of the venomous sting, or bite, returned to him with vehemence at the expiration of a year. (S, O, K.) 4 أَعْدَدْتُهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. إِعْدَادٌ, (Msb, TA,) with which ↓ اِعْتِدَادٌ and ↓ اِسْتِعْدَادٌ and ↓ تَعْدَادٌ [as inf. n. of 2] are syn., (TA,) I made it ready, prepared it, or provided it. (Msb, TA. *) One says, اعدّهُ لِأَمْرِ كَذَا He made it ready, prepared it, or provided it, for such an affair. (S, O, K. *) And أَعْدَدْتُ لِلْأَمْرِ عُدَّتَهُ [I made ready, prepared, or provided, for the affair, its proper apparatus]. (TA.) Some say that أَعَدَّ is originally أَعْتَدَ; but others deny this. (L in art. عتد.) See also 1, former half.

A2: أَعَدَّ is also intrans.: [but when it is used as such, نَفْسَهُ may be considered as understood after it:] see 10.5 تَعَدَّّ [تعدّد It was, or became, numerous: often used in this sense. b2: Hence, one says,] هُمْ يَتَعَدَّدُونَ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ They exceed in number ten thousand; and ↓ يَتَعَادُّونَ signifies the same; (S, O, K; *) or the latter means they participate, one with another, in such generous qualities as may be shared. (TA.) b3: See also 10.6 تعادّوا They shared, one with another, in a thing. (TA.) See also 5. [And see 3.]7 انعدّ: see what next follows.8 اعتدّ It was, or became, numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed. (S, O.) Many of the learned say that ↓ انعدّ should not be [thus] used as a quasi-pass. of عَدَّهُ: it is said to be vulgar, or bad. (MF.) A2: اعتدّهُ: see 1, first and last sentences. b2: One says also اعتدّ بِهِ (S, O, Msb) meaning He included it in a numbering, or reckoning. (Msb.) [And hence, He made account of it; accounted it a matter of importance. And لَا يُعْتَدُّ بِهِ No account is made of it, or him; it, or he, is not reckoned, or esteemed, as of any account, or importance: a phrase of frequent occurrence.]

A3: [He made it ready, prepared it, or provided it:] see 4. b2: See also 10.

A4: اِعْتَدَّتْ, said of a woman, She observed, or kept, the period of her عِدَّة [q. v.]. (S, O.) 10 استعدّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ اعدّ and ↓ اعتدّ and ↓ تعدّد, the last, as well as the first, mentioned by Th, (TA,) He made himself ready, prepared himself, or became in a state of preparation, (S, O, K, TA,) لِلْأَمْرِ for the affair; (S, O, K, * TA; *) he prepared, or provided, himself with proper, or necessary, apparatus, or implements, or the like. (A'Obeyd, Msb, &c.) A2: All except the last are also trans.: see 4.

R. Q. 1 عَدْعَدَ, (IAar, O, TA,) inf. n. عَدْعَدَةٌ, (IAar, O, K, TA,) He was quick, (IAar, TA,) or he hastened, and was quick, (O, K,) in walking, or going along, (IAar, O, K, TA,) &c. (IAar, TA.) A2: [And app. said of the sandgrouse (القَطَا) meaning It uttered its cry: see عَدْعَدَةٌ below.] Q. Q. 2 تَمَعْدَدَ, in which, accord. to Sb, the م is a radical letter, because of the rarity of the measure تَمَلْعَلَ, but others contradict him, (S, K, *) He assumed the dress, garb, habit, or external appearance, of the sons of Ma'add who was the son of 'Adnán, and who is called the Father of the Arabs [because through him all the descendants of Ismá'eel, or Ishmael, trace their ancestry], (S, O, K,) imitating them in their coarseness therein: (K:) or he asserted himself to be related to them: (S, O, K:) or he spoke their language: (TA:) or he affected, or constrained himself, to endure with patience their mode of life: (S, O, K:) or he imitated their mode of life, which was coarse and rude; abstaining from ease and luxury, and from the garb of the foreigners: (S, O:) and he (a boy) attained to the prime of manhood, and became thick, or coarse. (S, O, K.) 'Omar said, (S, O,) or not 'Omar, but the Prophet, (K,) اِخْشَوْشِنُوا وَتَمَعْدَدُوا, (S, O, * K, *) i. e. [Lead ye a rough, or coarse, life, and] imitate the mode of life of the sons of Ma'add, &c. (TA.) [See also art. معد.] b2: It is also used by the poet Maan Ibn-Ows for تَبَاعَدَ [He went, or withdrew himself, far away]: (S, O:) it means thus, and he went away into the country, or in the land. (TA.) عَدْ عَدْ A cry by which the mule is chidden; (Az, O, K;) like عَدَسْ. (Az, O.) عُدٌّ and ↓ عُدَّةٌ Pustules in the face: (IJ, TA:) or pustules that come forth in the faces of beautiful, or goodly, persons: (O, K:) pl. of the former [and app. of the latter also, which is probably a n. un.,] أَعْدَادٌ. (Marg. note in a copy of the S.) عِدٌّ Multitude, muchness, or abundance, (S, O, K,) in a thing. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُمْ لَذَوُو عِدٍّ وَقِبصٍ (in one of my copies of the S and in the O لَذُو, and in the other of my copies of the S and in the O قِبْضٍ,) [Verily they are many, or numerous]. b2: [It is also an epithet, signifying] Water having a continual increase; (S, O, K;) that does not cease; as the water of a spring; (S, O, Msb, K;) and of a well: (S, O, Msb:) or copious water of the earth: or spring-water; rain-water being called كَرَعٌ: (TA:) or old water, that does not become exhausted: (IDrd, TA:) or an old well; (M, O, K;) said in the M [and O] to be from حَسَبٌ عِدٌّ: (TA: [but see this in what follows:]) or in the dial. of Temeem, much water; but in the dial. of Bekr Ibn-Wáïl, little water: (AO, TA:) or well-water, whether little or much; so accord. to a woman of Kiláb; opposed to that of the rain: accord. to Lth, a place which men make, or prepare, wherein much water collects; but Az says that this is a mistake: (TA:) pl. أَعْدَادٌ. (S, A, O.) b3: And حَسَبٌ عِدٌّ (tropical:) Old nobility or the like: (M, A, O:) accord. to IDrd, from عِدٌّ applied to old water that does not become exhausted. (TA. [This derivation is probably correct: but see above.]) A2: See also عَدِيدٌ.

A3: And see the paragraph here following.

عُدَّةٌ Apparatus, equipments or equipage, accoutrements, furniture, gear, tackle or tackling, (S, O, L, Msb,) that one has prepared for the casualties of fortune, (S, O, L,) consisting of property and weapons, (S, O,) or of property, or weapons, or other things, (Msb,) or of implements, instruments, tools, or the like, and of beasts: (L:) accord. to some, formed from عُتْدَةٌ [q. v.]; but others deny this: (L in art. عتد:) pl. عُدَدٌ. (Msb.) One says, أَخَذَ لِلْأَمْرِ عُدَّتَهُ and عَتَادَهُ [He took, for the affair, his apparatus, &c.; or he prepared, or provided, himself for the affair]: both signify the same. (S, O.) b2: Also, (S, O,) and ↓ عِدٌّ, this latter of the dial. of Temeem, (A'Obeyd, Msb,) A state of preparation. (A'Obeyd, S, O, Msb.) One says, كُونُوا عَلَى عُدَّةٍ Be ye in a state of preparation. (S, O.) A2: See also عُدٌّ.

عِدَّةٌ an inf. n. of 1[q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And A number collected together; a number collectively. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ عِدَّةَ رِجَالٍ I saw a number of men collected together. (TA.) And أَنْفَذْتُ عِدَّةَ كُتُبٍ I transmitted a number of letters together. (S, K, * TA.) b3: عِدَّةُ المَرْأَةِ The days of the menstruation of the woman, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which she numbers, when she has been divorced, or when her husband has died; [until the expiration of which she may not marry again; the period being, in the case of a divorced woman, not pregnant, that of three menstruations]; or [in the case of a pregnant woman] the days of her pregnancy; or [in the case of a widow not pregnant] four months and ten nights: (TA:) or the woman's waiting the prescribed time after divorce, or after the death of her husband, until she may marry again: (Msb:) and the days of the woman's mourning for a husband, and of abstaining from the wearing of ornaments &c.; (K, TA;) whether it be a period of months or of menstruations, or the period completed by her giving birth to offspring in her womb, which she has conceived by her husband: (TA:) pl. عِدَدٌ. (Msb.) One says, اِنْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا Her عِدَّة ended, (S, TA,) from the period of the death of her husband, or of his divorcing her. (TA.) b4: اِنْقَضَتْ عِدَّةُ الرَّجُلِ means The man's term of life ended: pl. عِدَدٌ. (TA.) b5: And one says, فُلَانٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْتِى أَهْلَهُ العِدَّةَ Such a one comes to his wife, or family, only once in the month, or in the two months. (O, L.) See also عِدَادٌ, in two places.

عَدَدٌ a subst. from عَدَّهُ “ he numbered it; ” as also ↓ عَدِيدٌ: (S, O, K:) [originally] What is numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed: (O, Msb, K: [in the CK, a و is inadvertently omitted after the explanation of this meaning:]) [and hence,] a number; (Msb;) and ↓ عَدِيدٌ is syn. therewith [in this sense, as will be seen in what follows]; (A;) a quantity composed of units; and therefore not [properly] applicable to one; but accord. to the grammarians, one belongs to the predicament ofالعَدَدُ because it is the root thereof, and because it implies quantity, for when it is said “ How many hast thou? ” it is as proper to answer “ One ” as it is to answer “ Three ” &c.: (Msb:) pl. أَعْدَادٌ. (TA.) ↓ مَا أَكْثَرَ عَدِيدَهُمْ means عَدَدَهُمْ [i. e. How great is their number!]. (A.) Zj says that عَدَدٌ is sometimes used in the sense of an inf. n.; as in the phrase in the Kur [xviii. 10], سِنِينَ عَدَدًا: but many say that it is in this instance used in its proper sense, meaning مَعْدُودَةً [i. e. numbered], and is made masc. because سِنِين is syn. with أَعْوَام. (Msb.) In the phrase وَأَحْصَى

كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَدًا, in the Kur [lxxii. last verse], it is used in its proper sense of مَعْدُودًا, and is put in the accus. case as a denotative of state; or it is used in this case as an inf. n. (IAth, O.) b2: It signifies also The years of a man's life, which one numbers, or counts. (IAar, O, K. [In the CK, after the words وَالعَدَدُ المعدُودُ, a و should be inserted.]) Hence the phrase رَقَّ عَدَدُهُ The years of his life, which he numbered, became few, the greater part having passed. (IAar, O.) عِدَدٌ: see the next paragraph.

عِدَادٌ an inf. n. of 3 [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: يَوْمُ العِدَادِ [as expl. by Sh: see 3, first sentence. b3: Also] The day of giving: (S, O:) العِدَاد signifies العَطَآء (S, O, K) in this phrase. (S, O.) b4: And i. q. يَوْمُ العَرْضِ [which generally means The day of the last judgment]. (TA.) b5: And one says, أَتَيْتُ فُلَانًا فِى يَوْمِ عِدَادٍ meaning I came to such a one on a Friday (يوم حُمُعَةٍ), or on a Minor Festival (يوم فِطْرٍ), or on a Great Festival (يوم أَضْحَى). (O, K, * TA.) b6: And لَقِيتُ فُلَانًا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا, (S, O, K,) or عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ, and فِى

نُزُولِ القَمَرِ الثُّرَيَّا, (TA,) meaning I met such a one once in the month: (S, O, K:) because the moon makes its abode in الثريّا [the Pleiades, its third Mansion,] once in every month: (S, O:) IB [understood the meaning to be, once in the year; for he] asserts that, correctly, J should have said, because the moon is in conjunction with الثريّا once in every year, and that is on the fifth day of [the Syrian month] Ádhár [corresponding to March O. S.], agreeably with what is said in a verse of Ibn-Holáhil which will be found cited in what follows: but [this verse evidently relates to what was the case in its author's time; for it is well known that] the moon traverses the firmament once in every month, and is every night in a [different], Mansion, and it is therefore in [the Mansion of] الثريّا once in every month. (L, TA.) [Accord. to some,] one says, لَا آتِيكَ

إِلَّا عِدَادَ القَمَرِ الثُّرَيَّا, meaning I will not come to thee save once in the year: because the moon makes its abode in الثريّا but once in the year: (A:) and مَا يَأْتِينَا فُلَانٌ إِلَّا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ, and إِلَّا قِرَانَ القَمَرِ الثُّرَيَّا, meaning Such a one comes not to us save once in the year: and مَا أَلْقَاهُ إِلَّا الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ ↓ عِدَّةَ, and الّا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ, and الّا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا مِنَ القَمَرِ, meaning I do not meet him save once in the year: (TA:) [but these explanations are probably founded upon a want of due consideration of a statement which here follows:] after citing this verse of Aseed, or Useyd, or Useiyid, [written in the TA اسيد,] Ibn-Holáhil, or Ibn-El-Holáhil, [thus differently written in different places,] إِذَا مَا قَارَنَ القَمَرُ الثُّرَيَّا لِثَالِثَةِ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الشِّتَآءُ [When the moon is in conjunction with the Pleiades in a third night, then winter has departed], AHeyth said, [as though what was the case at a particular period of a cycle were the case generally,] the moon is in conjunction with الثريّا only in a third night from the new moon, [meaning only once in the year in the third night,] and that is in the beginning of spring and the end of winter. (TA.) b7: And عِدَادٌ and ↓ عِدَدٌ, (S, O, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, used by poetic license, (S, O,) signify A paroxysm of pain which a person stung or bitten by a venomous reptile suffers on the completion of a year from the day on which he was stung or bitten: (S, O, K: *) a paroxysm of pain occurring at a certain period: (A:) a paroxysm such as that of a tertian, or quartan, fever; and the pain of poison which kills at a certain period: and the regular period of the return of a fever is called its عِدَاد. (TA.) One says, أَتَتْهُ اللَّسْعَةُ لِعِدَادٍ The pain of the venomous sting, or bite, returned to him with vehemence at the expiration of a year. (S, O, * K.) And بِهِ مَرَضٌ عِدَادٌ He has a malady that intermits and returns. (A.) And عِدَادُ السَّلِيمِ is said to signify A period of seven days from that on which the person has received a venomous sting or bite: when it has expired, his recovery is hoped for: as long as it has not expired, one says, هُوَ فِى

عِدَادِهِ. (A, TA.) [See also 3.] b8: عِدَادٌ signifies also The time of death. (O, K.) b9: And A day, or night, when the family of a person deceased assemble together to wail for him. (ISk, TA.) b10: And A touch of insanity or diabolical possession: (S, O, K:) or an affection resembling insanity or diabolical possession, that takes a man at certain times. (Az, TA.) One says, بِالرَّجُلِ عِدَادٌ In the man is a touch of insanity [&c.]. (S, O.) b11: And The twanging of a bow; (S, O, K; *) and so ↓ عَدِيدٌ. (O, K.) b12: See also the next paragraph, in five places: b13: and see عَدِيدَةٌ.

عَدِيدٌ: see عَدَدٌ, in three places. b2: Also A man who introduces himself into a tribe, to be numbered, or reckoned, as belonging to it, but has no kindred in it: (Msb:) or عَدِيدٌ قَوْمٍ signifies one who is numbered, or reckoned, among a people, (K, TA,) but is not with them (معهم [app. a mistranscription for مِنْهُمْ of them]); as also ↓ عِدَادٌ. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ عَدِيدُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and ↓ مِنْ عِدَادِهِمْ, (Msb,) Such a one is numbered, or reckoned, among the sons of such a one. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) And فِى بَنِى ↓ عِدَادُهُ فُلَانٍ He is numbered among the sons of such a one in the دِيوَان [or register of soldiers or pensioners]. (S, O, K.) And أَهْلِ ↓ فُلَانٌ فِى عِدَادِ الخَيْرِ Such a one is numbered, or reckoned, among the people of goodness, or of wealth. (S, O.) b3: And A like, or an equal; [originally, in number;] (A, O, K;) as also ↓ عِدٌّ and ↓ عِدَادٌ: (IAar, O, K:) pl. of the first عَدَائِدُ; and of the second and third أَعْدَادٌ. (TA.) One says, هٰذِهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ عَدِيدُ هٰذِهِ These dirhems are equal to these. (A, * TA.) And هُمْ عَدِيدُ الحَصَى وَالثَّرَى They are equal in multitude, or quantity, to the pebbles and the moist earth; (S, * O, * TA;) i. e. they are innumerable. (TA.) The saying of Aboo-Duwád, describing a mare, وَطِمِرَّةٍ كَهِرَاوَةِ الأَعْزَابِ لَيْسَ لَهَا عَدَائِدْ Th explains by saying that he likens her to the staff of the wayfarer, because of her being smooth, as though عدائد here meant knots: [so that, accord. to him, we should render the verse thus: and compact in make, or swift and excellent, like the staff of those who go far away with their camels to pasture, having no knots:] but Az says that the meaning is, [like Hiráwet-el-Aazáb (a celebrated mare)], having no equals. (TA.) A2: See also عِدَادٌ, last sentence but one.

عَدِيدَةٌ A lot, portion, or share: (IAar, O, K:) like غَدِيدَةٌ: (IAar, O:) pl. عَدَائِدُ; (IAar, O, TA;) with which ↓ عِدَادٌ is syn.: and عَدَائِدُ signifies also property divided into shares; and an inheritance [so divided]. (TA.) Lebeed says, تَطِيرُ عَدَائِدُ الأَشْرَاكِ شَفْعًا وَوِتْرًا وَالزَّعَامَةُ لِلْغُلَامِ The portions of property and inheritance of the sharers fly away in the course of time, two together and singly; but the lordship, or mastery, is still remaining for the boy: (IAar, TA:) or the poet means those who share with him [i. e. with the boy] (مَنْ يُعَادُّهُ) in the inheritance: or it (عدائد) is from عُدَّةُ المَالِ [i. e. what one prepares for a future time, of property]: (S, O:) for عدائد, in this verse, some read غَدَائِدُ. (L in art. غد [q. v.]) [See also زَعَامَةٌ.]

عِدَّانٌ and عَدَّانٌ The time, or period, of a thing; (IAar, K, TA;) as in the phrase أَنَا عَلَى عَدَّانِ ذٰلِكَ I was at the time, or period, of that; (IAar, TA;) and in the saying جِئْتُ عَلَى عَدَّانِ تَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ I came at the time of thy doing that; (TA;) and thus in the saying كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى عَدَّانِ فُلَانٍ

That was in the time of such a one: (S, O:) or the first, and best, or most excellent, part, (K, TA,) and the most, (TA,) of a thing; (K, TA;) accord. to Az, from أَعَدَّهُ “ he prepared it; ” and so in the saying كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى عَدَّانِ شَبَابِهِ and مُلْكِهِ [That was in the first and best and chief part of his young manhood and of his dominion]. (TA.) [See also art. عدن.]

A2: عِدَّانٌ as a contraction of عِتْدَانٌ: see عَتُودٌ, of which it is a pl. عَدْعَدَةٌ inf. n. of عَدْعَدَ [q. v.]. (IAar, O.) A2: And The cry, or crying, of the sand-grouse (القَطَا): (A 'Obeyd, O, K:) app. onomatopoetic. (A 'Obeyd, O.) جَيْشٌ أَعَدُّ An army in the most complete state of preparation, or equipment. (TA, from a trad.) مَعَدٌّ The side (ISd, TA) of a man and of a horse &c.: (L in art. معد [in which it is fully explained]:) المَعَدَّانِ signifies the places of the two boards of the saddle (S, * O, * A, K, * TA) upon the two sides of the horse. (A, TA.) One says, عَرِقَ مَعَدَّاهُ [The parts of his sides beneath the two boards of the saddle sweated]. (A, TA.) اللِّبْسَةُ المَعَدِّيَّةُ The mode of dress of the sons of Ma'add, which was coarse and rude. (S, from a trad. [See Q. Q. 2.]) مَعْدُودٌ [meaning Numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed,] is applied to any number, little or large; but مَعْدُودَاتٌ more particularly denotes few; and so does every pl. formed by the addition of ا and ت, as دُرَيْهِمَاتٌ and حَمَامَاتٌ; though it is allowable to use such a pl. to denote muchness. (Zj, TA.) الأَيَّامُ المَعْدُودَاتُ signifies The days called أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) the three days next after the day of the sacrifice [which is the tenth of Dhu-l-Hijjeh]; thus called because they are few. (TA.) and one also says دَرَاهِمُ مَعْدُودَةٌ [lit. Numbered, or counted, dirhems] as meaning a few dirhems. (TA.) المُعَيْدِىُّ is the dim. of المَعَدِّىُّ, (S, O, K,) meaning He whose origin is referred to Ma'add, (S, O, TA,) and is originally المُعَيْدِدِىُّ, then المُعَيْدِّىُّ, and then المُعَيْدِىُّ, (IDrst, TA,) thus pronounced without the teshdeed of the د because the double teshdeed, (IDrst, S, O, K, TA,) that of the د with that of the ى after it, (IDrst, TA,) is found difficult of pronunciation, (IDrst, S, O, K, TA,) combined with the ى that denotes the dim.: (S, O, K:) it is thus pronounced in the prov., أَنْ تَسْمَعَ بِالْمُعَيْدِىِّ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَرَاهُ [Thy hearing of the Mo'eydee is better than thy seeing him]: (Ks, S, O:) or تَسْمَعُ بالمعيدىّ خير من ان تراه, (K, TA,) which means the same, the ع in تسمع being pronounced with damm because أَنْ is suppressed before it; but some pronounce it with nasb, regarding أَنْ as understood, though this is anomalous: (TA:) or تَسْمَعُ بِالْمُعَيْدِىِّ لَا

أَنْ تَرَاهُ; as though meaning hear thou of the Mo'eydee, but do not see him: (ISk, S, O, K:) of which three variants, the second is that which is best known: so says A 'Obeyd: (TA:) the prov. is applied to him who is of good repute, but whose outward appearance is contemned. (S, O, K, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 223.]) مُعْتَدٌّ بِهِ A thing included in a numbering, or reckoning. (Msb.) [And hence, A thing of which account is made; that is accounted a matter of importance. See the verb.]

مُسْتَعِدَّاتٌ is used in a verse of Ibn-Mukbil as meaning The legs of a she-camel. (AA, TA voce أَطَامِيمُ, q. v.)

طحلب

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طحلب

Q. 1 طَحْلَبَ المَآءُ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. طَحْلَبَةٌ, (KL,) The water became overspread with the green substance called طُحْلُب: (S, * TA:) or had much thereof. (K, TA.) b2: And طَحْلَبَتِ الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) The land became green with herbage: (K, TA:) or began to become so: (TA.) A2: طَحْلَبَ الإِبِلَ He sheared the camels. (K.) b2: And طَحْلَبَ فُلَانًا He slew such a one. (K.) طُحْلُبٌ and طُحْلَبٌ (S, Msb, K) and طِحْلِبٌ (Lh, M, K) The green substance, (S, K,) or green slimy substance, (Msb,) that overspreads water (S, Msb, K) which has become stale: (K:) or what is upon water, resembling the web of the spider: n. un. with ة. (TA.) [See also عَــرْمَضٌ.]

مَا عَلَيْهِ طِحْلِبَةٌ There is not upon him a hair. (K.) [See also طِحْطِحَةٌ.]

عَيْنٌ مُطَحْلِبَةٌ, (S,) and مَآءٌ مُطَحْلِبٌ (IAar, K) and مُطَحْلَبٌ, (K,) this last anomalous, like مُسْهِبٌ, or originating from the supposition of the verb's being trans., (MF,) A source, (S,) and water, (K,) overspread with طُحْلُب, (S,) or having much thereof. (K.)

ل

Entries on ل in 8 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes by Reinhart Dozy, Ibn Manẓūr, Lisān al-ʿArab, Habib Anthony Salmone, An Advanced Learner's Arabic-English Dictionary, and 5 more
ل alphabetical letter ل

The twenty-third letter of the alphabet; called لَامٌ. It is one of the letters termed مَجْهُورَة, or vocal, and also belongs to the class of الحُرُوفُ الذُّلْقُ, or ذَوْلَقِيَّة, i. e. letters pronounced by means of the tip of the tongue and the lip; it is one of the letters of augmentation.

A2: As a numeral it denotes thirty.

A3: For the particles لا لِ لَ, &c., see Supplement.

سرهد

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سرهد

Q. 1 سَرْهَدَ, (S, K,) inf. n. سَرْهَدَةٌ, (S,) He fed, or nourished, a child well. (S, L, K.) A2: And He cut a camel's hump [in pieces: see the pass. part. n., below]. (K.) سَرْهَدٌ a term sometimes applied to The fat of a camel's hump. (S, L.) A2: And Much water. (L.) مُسَرْهَدٌ A fat camel's hump: (S, L, K:) or a camel's hump cut in pieces. (L.) b2: Supplied with the comforts and conveniences of life, and well fed: and, with ة, a woman fat, and well fed. (L.) [Applied also to a young camel: see an ex. in a hemistich cited in the first paragraph of art. رجل.]

ظل

Entries on ظل in 5 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-ʿAin, Al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī, Kitāb al-Taʿrīfāt, Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, and 2 more

ظل

1 ظَلَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. ظِلَالَةٌ: see 4.

A2: ظَلَّ, (T, M, Msb, K,) first Pers\. ظَلِلْتُ, (T, S, M, O, Msb, K,) [and accord. to SM ظَلَلْتُ also, for he says that] the verb is of the class of مَنَعَ as well as of the class of تَعِبَ, (TA,) and ظَلْتُ, (T, S, * M, O, K,) likened to لَسْتُ, (M, K, *) formed by rejecting the former ل in ظَلِلْتُ, (T, O,) and ظِلْتُ, which is [also] originally ظَلِلْتُ, (Sb, T, M, O, K,) formed by transferring to the ظ the vowel of the rejected ل, (Sb, T, M, O,) anomalously, (Sb, M,) the latter of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz; (T;) aor. ـَ (S, * M, O, * Msb, K;) imperative اِظْلَلْ and ظَلْ (T) [and it is implied in the M voce قَرَّ that one says also اِظْلِلْ and ظِلْ, which indicates that the aor. is also يَظِلُّ, but this requires confirmation, which I have not anywhere found]; inf. n. ظُلُولٌ (T, S, M, O, Msb, K) and ظَلٌّ (M, K) and ظِلٌّ; (thus also in a copy of the M; [but this I think doubtful;]) accord. to Lth, (T,) or Kh, (Msb,) [i. e. accord. to the author of the 'Eyn,] is said only of a thing that is done in the day, or daytimes; (T, S, M, O, Msb;) like as بَاتَ, aor. ـِ is said only of a thing that is done in the night: (T:) it is an incomplete [i. e. a non-attributive] verb, relating to a time in which is a shade from the sun, from morning to evening, or from sunrise to sunset: (Esh-Shiháb, TA:) one says, ظَلَّ فُلَانٌ نَهَارَهُ صَائِمًا [Such a one was during his day fasting; or he passed his day fasting]: (Lth, T:) and ظَلَّ نَهَارَهُ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [He was in, or during, his day doing such a thing; or he passed his day doing such a thing]: (M, K:) and ظَلِلْتُ أَعْمَلُ كَذَا [I was in the day or daytime, or I passed the day, doing such a thing; or] I did such a thing in the day or daytime. (S, O, Msb. *) In the saying of 'Antarah, وَلَقَدْ أَبِيتُ عَلَى الطَّوَى وَأَظَلُّهُ حَتَّى أَنَالَ بِهِ كَرِيمَ المَأْكَلِ [app. meaning And verily I pass the night in hunger, and I pass the day in it, that I may attain thereby plentiful eating], أَظَلُّهُ is for أَظَلُّ عَلَيْهِ. (S, O.) And accord. to some, (TA,) ظَلَّ لَيْلَهُ occurs in poetry; (M, K, TA;) so that one says, ظَلَّ لَيْلَهُ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [He was in, or during, his night, or he passed his night, doing such a thing]: but it is said that in this case the verb has the meaning next following. (TA.) b2: and it signifies also He, or it, became; syn. صَارَ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) being in this sense likewise an incomplete [i. e. a non-attributive] verb, divested of that meaning of time which it radically denotes; as in the phrase in the Kur [xvi. 60 and xliii. 16], ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا [His face becomes black]: so says Ibn-Málik: (TA:) or this may mean his face continues all the day black: (Bd in xvi. 60:) and one says also, ظَلَّ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا meaning He continued doing such a thing: this too is mentioned by Ibn-Málik, and is of the dial. of the people of Syria. (TA.) b3: It is also a complete [i. e. an attributive] verb as meaning He, or it, continued; as is said in the Expos. of the “ Shifè,” and by Ibn-Málik; and, as Ibn-Málik likewise says, it was, or became, long. (TA.) 2 ظللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ [He made it to give shade over him, or it,] (M,) inf. n. تَظْلِيلٌ. (O.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 160, and the like is said in ii. 54], وَظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الغَمَامَ And we made the clouds to give shade over them. (M.) b2: [And ظللّٰهُ signifies He shaded him, or it. See an ex. in a verse of Jereer in art. ردف, conj. 3.] لٰكِنْ عَلَى الأَثَلَاتِ لَحْمٌ لَا يُظَلَّلُ [But at the tamarisk-trees is flesh that will not be shaded, or, accord. to the reading given by Meyd, بِالأَثَلَاتِ,] is a prov., said by Beyhes, in allusion to the flesh of his slain brothers, on the occasion of persons saying, ظَلِّلُوا لَحْمَ جَزُورِكُمْ [Shade ye the flesh of your slaughtered camel]. (S, O.) A2: See also 4.

A3: One says also ظلّل بِالسَّوْطِ, meaning He made a sign with the whip for the purpose of frightening. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) 4 اظلّ, said of a day, It was, (S, O,) or became, (M, K,) shady, or a day having shade: (S, M, O, K:) or it was a day having clouds, or other [causes of shade]: (T:) or it was continually shady; as also ↓ ظَلَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. ظِلَالَةٌ. (Msb.) b2: And, said of a thing, [It extended its shade; or] its shade extended; as also ↓ ظلّل. (Msb.) A2: أَظَلَّتْنِى الشَّجَرَةُ [The tree shaded me, or afforded me shade]: and in like manner one says of other things than trees. (S, O.) أَظَلَّكَ said of a building, or of a mountain, or of a cloud, means It protected thee, and cast its shade upon thee. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] اظلّهُ (assumed tropical:) He took him into his shelter, or protection: (TA:) or he guarded, or protected, him, and placed him within the scope of his might, or power of resistance or defence. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b3: And أَظَلَّنِى (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) covered me: (M, K:) or it approached me, or drew near to me, so as to cast its shade upon me: (K:) or it has both of these meanings: (M:) or أَظَلَّكَ means he, (T, S,) or it, (O,) approached thee, or drew near to thee, as though he, or it, cast his, or its, shade upon thee. (T, S, O.) And hence one says, أَظَلَّكَ أَمْرٌ (assumed tropical:) An event approached thee, or drew near to thee: (S, O:) and in like manner one says of a month. (T, S, O.) And اظلّ [alone] (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) advanced: or approached, or drew near. (Msb.) And i. q. أَشْرَفَ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) He, or it, became within sight, or view]. (Msb.) 5 تَظَلَّّ see the next paragraph. It is also pronounced تَظَلَّى: (IAar, T:) and signifies He kept to shady places, and to ease, or repose: (IAar, T and K in art. ظلى:) it is like تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ. (T in that art.) 10 استظلّ, (T,) or استظلّ بِالِظِّلِّ, (Msb, TA,) He (a man, T) sheltered, or protected, himself by means of the shade: (T, TA:) or the latter means he inclined to the shade and sat in it. (M, K.) And استظلّ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ and بِهِ means↓ تَظَلَّلَ [i. e. he shaded himself (تظلّل being quasi-pass. of ظَلَّلَهُ) from the thing and by means of it]. (M, K.) You say, استظلّ بِهِ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ [He shaded himself with it, or by means of it, from the sun]. (T.) And استظلّ بِالشَّجَرَةِ He shaded and sheltered himself by means of the tree. (Ibn-'Abbád, S, O.) b2: استظلّ الدَّمُ The blood was in the جَوْف [or belly, or interior of the belly, or the chest]. (T, O, K, TA. [In the CK, من الجَوْفِ is put for فِى الجَوْفِ.]) b3: استظلّت العَيْنُ, (T, Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or العُيُونُ, (K,) The eye, (T, Ibn-'Abbád, O,) meaning that of a she-camel, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or the eyes, (K,) sank, or became depressed, in the head. (T, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b4: And استظلّ الكَرْمُ The grape-vine became luxuriant, or abundant and dense, in its branches whereon were the bunches. (M, K.) ظِلٌّ properly signifies Shade; i. e. the light of the sun without the rays: when there is no light, it is ظُلْمَةٌ, not ظِلٌّ: (S, O:) contr. of ضِحٌّ: (M, K:) or i. q. فَىْءٌ: (K:) so some say: (M:) or so the [common] people say: (IKt, Msb:) or the former is [shade] in the morning; and the latter is in the evening: (M, K:) or, accord. to IKt, the former is in the morning and in the evening; but the latter is only after the declining of the sun from the meridian: ISk says that the former is from the rising of the sun to its declining; and the latter, from the declining to the setting: Th says that the ظِلّ of a tree &c. is in the morning; and the فَىْء, in the evening: (Msb:) Ru-beh says, (M, Msb,) any place, (M,) or any thing, (Msb,) upon which the sun has been and which it has quitted is termed ظِلٌّ and فَىْءٌ; (M, Msb;) but a thing [or place] upon which the sun has not been is termed ظِلٌّ [only]; and hence it is said that the sun annuls, or supersedes, the ظِلّ, and the فَىْء annuls, or supersedes, the sun: (Msb:) AHeyth says, the ظِلّ is anything upon which the sun has not come; and the term فَىْء is applied only after the declining of the sun; the فَىْء being eastwards and the ظِلّ being westwards; and the ظِلّ being termed ظِلّ from the beginning of the day to the declining of the sun; after which it is termed فَىْء until the night: (T, TA:) one says the ظِلّ of Paradise, but not its فَىْء, because the sun will never replace its ظِلّ; but En-Nábighah El-Jaadee has assigned to Paradise فَىْء having ظِلَال: (M, TA:) in a verse of Aboo-Sakhr ElHudhalee, ظِلٌّ is made fem. as meaning مَنِيَّة [i. e. death]: (Ham p. 161:) the pl. [of mult.] is ظِلَالٌ (S, M, O, K) and ظُلُولٌ and [of pauc.] أَظْلَالٌ. (M, O, K.) The saying of a rájiz, كَأَنَّمَا وَجْهُكَ ظِلٌّ مِنْ حَجَرْ [As though thy face were a shade of a stone] is said to mean hardness of face, and shamelessness: or the being black in the face: (T, TA:) for the Arabs say that there is nothing more dense in shade than a stone. (TA.) قَدْ ضَحَا ظِلُّهُ [His shade, or shadow, has become sun] is said of the dead. (TA.) مَرَّ بِنَا كَأَنَّهُ ظِلُّ ذِئْبٍ [He passed by us as though he were the shadow of a wolf] means swiftly, as does a wolf. (M.) اِنْتَعَلَتْ ظِلَالَهَا (assumed tropical:) [They made their shadows to be as though they were sandals to them] is said of camels or other beasts when it is midday in summer and they have no shadow [but such as is beneath them]: a rájiz says, قَدْ وَرَدَتْ تَمْشِى عَلَى ظِلَالِهَا وَذَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى قِلَالِهَا [They came to the water walking upon their shadows, and the sun was intensely hot upon the tops of their heads and humps]. (T.) And one says, هُوَ يَتْبَعُ ظِلَّ نَفْسِهِ (tropical:) [He follows the shadow of himself; i. e. a thing that he will not overtake; for], as a poet says, the shadow that goes with thee thou wilt not overtake by following: and هُوَ يُبَارِى ظِلَّ نَفْسِهِ (tropical:) [He strives to outstrip the shadow of himself], meaning that he walks with a proud and self-conceited gait: so in the A. (TA.) And اِنْتَقَلْتُ عَنْ ظِلِّى (tropical:) I left my state, or condition. (TA.) And تَرَكَ الظَّبْىُ ظِلَّهُ: so in the T and S and O: (TA:) but [said to be] correctly, أَتْرُكُهُ تَرْكَ الظَّبْىِ ظِلَّهُ, (K,) or لَأَتْرُكَنَّهُ, (M, TA,) i. e. [I will forsake him, or I will assuredly forsake him, as the gazelle forsakes] the place of its shade: (O, TA:) [each, however, is app. right; and the former is the more agreeable with the following explanations:] a prov., (M,) applied to the man who is wont to take fright and flee; for the gazelle, when it takes fright and flees from a thing, never returns to it: (S, O, K:) by the ظِلّ is here meant the covert in which it shades and shelters itself in the vehemence of the heat; then the hunter comes to it and rouses it, and it will not return thither; and one says, تَرَكَ الظَّبْىُ ظِلَّهُ, meaning the place of its shade: it is applied to him who takes fright and flees from a thing, and forsakes it so as not to return to it; and to the case of a man's forsaking his companion. (Meyd.) [ثَقِيلُ الظِّلِّ as applied to a man, see expl. in art. ثقل: see also Har p. 250, where it is indicated that it may be rendered One whose shadow, even, is oppressive, and therefore much more so is his person.] In the phrase وَلَا الظِّلُّ وَلَا الْحَرُورُ, (M, K) in the Kur [xxxv. 20], Th says, accord. to some, (M,) الظِّلُّ means Paradise; (M, K;) and الحَرُورُ, the fire [of Hell]: but he adds, I say that الظِّلُّ is the ظِلّ itself [i. e. shade], and الحَرُورُ is the حَرّ itself [i. e. heat]: (M: [see also حَرُورٌ:]) and Er-Rághib says that ظِلٌّ is sometimes assigned to anything; whether it be approved, as in the phrase above mentioned; or disapproved, as in وَظِلٍّ مِنْ يَحْمُومٍ

in the Kur [lvi. 42, meaning And shade of smoke, or black smoke]. (TA.) And الظِّلَالُ meansظِلَالُ الجَنَّةِ [The shades of Paradise]: (Fr, T, O, K, TA:) in some copies of the K, وَالظِّلَالُ الجَنَّةُ, which is a mistake: (TA:) [but this requires consideration; for] El-'Abbás Ibn-'Abd-El-Muttalib says, مِنْ قَبْلِهَا طِبْتَ فِى الظِّلَالِ وَفِى مُسْتَوْدَعٍ حَيْثُ يُخْصَفُ الوَرَقُ [Before it t?? wast good in, or in the shades of, Paradise, and in a depositary in the part where leaves are sewed together to conceal the pudenda]; (T, O, TA;) i. e. before thy descent to the earth (to which the pronoun in قبلها relates), thou wast good in the loins of Adam when he was in Paradise. (TA.) الجَنَّةُ تَحْتَ ظِلَالِ السُّيُوفِ [Paradise is beneath the shades of the swords] is a trad., meaning that fighting against unbelievers is a way of attaining to Paradise. (Marg. note in a copy of the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer.) مُلَاعِبُ ظِلِّهِ is an appellation of A certain bird; [see art. لعب;] and one says مُلَاعِبَا ظِلِّهِمَا; and مُلَاعِبَاتُ ظِلِّهِنَّ: but when you make them indeterminate, you say مُلَاعِبَاتُ أَظْلَالِهِنَّ. (T, O, K. [But in the TA in art. لعب, it is said that one dualizes and pluralizes both nouns, because the appellation becomes determinate.]) b2: ظِلُّ اللَّيْلِ means (tropical:) The blackness of the night: (T, S, O, Msb;) metaphorically thus termed; (S;) as in the saying, أَتَانَا فِى ظِلِّ اللَّيْلِ [He came to us in the blackness of the night]: (S, O:) or it signifies جُنْحُ اللَّيْلِ [app. as meaning the darkness, and confusedness, of the night; see جُنْحٌ]; (M, TA;) or so الظِّلُّ: (K:) or this means the night, (M, K, TA,) itself; (M, TA;) so the astronomers say: (TA:) all the night is ظِلٌّ: and so is all the period from the shining of the dawn to the rising of the sun. (T.) b3: ظِلُّ النَّهَارِ is The colour of the day when the sun predominates over it [app. meaning when the light of the sun predominates over that of the early dawn]. (K.) b4: ظِلُّ السَّحَابِ means Such, of the clouds, as conceal the sun: or the blackness of the clouds. (M, K.) b5: And ظِلَالُ البَحْرِ means The waves of the sea; (O, K, TA;) because they are raised so as to shade the ship and those that are in it. (TA.) b6: ظِلٌّ also signifies A خَيَال (M, O, K) that is seen, (M, K,) [i. e. an apparition, a phantom, or a thing that one sees like a shadow, i. e. what we term a shade,] of the jinn, or genii, and of others: (M, O, K:) or the like of a خَيَال of the jinn. (T.) b7: Also Anything that shades one. (TA.) b8: And it is the subst. from أَظَلَّنِى الشَّىْءُ meaning “ the thing covered me; ” (M, K;) [i. e. it means A covering;] in which sense Th explains it in the phrase إِلَى ظِلٍّ ذِى ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ [in the Kur lxxvii. 30, Unto a covering having three parts, or divisions]; saying, the meaning is that the fire will have covered them; not that its ظِلّ will be like that of the present world. (M. [See شُعْبَةٌ.]) And ظِلُّ الشَّىْءِ means (assumed tropical:) That which serves for the veiling, covering, or protecting, of the thing; syn. كِنُّهُ. (M.) [Hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَعِيشُ فِى ظِلِّ فُلَانٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Such a one lives] in the shelter, or protection, of such a one. (T, * S, O, Msb, * K. *) And السُّلْطَانُ ظِلُّ اللّٰهِ فِى الأَرْضِ, (O, TA,) a saying of the Prophet, (O,) [meaning (assumed tropical:) The sovereign, or ruling, power is God's means of defence in the earth,] because he wards off harm from the people like as the ظِلّ [properly so called] wards off the harm of the heat of the sun: (TA:) or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) God's means of protection: or God's خَاصَّة [or special servant]. (O, TA.) b9: Also (assumed tropical:) Might; or power of resistance or defence: (M, K, TA:) whence [as some say] its usage in the Kur xiii. 35, and the usage of [the pl.] ظِلَال in xxxvi. 56 and in lxxvii. 41: [but the primary signification is more appropriate in these instances:] and so in the saying, جَعَلَنِى فِى ظِلِّهِ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He placed me within the scope of his might, or power of resistance or defence]: so says Er-Rághib. (TA.) b10: And (assumed tropical:) A state of life ample in its means or circumstances, unstraitened, or plentiful, and easy, pleasant, soft, or delicate. (TA.) b11: Also (assumed tropical:) The beginning of winter. (T, O. [Accord. to the copies of the K, of youthfulness: but I think that الشَّبَاب in this instance, in the K, is evidently a mistranscription for الشِّتَآء.]) And (assumed tropical:) The vehemence (T, O, K) of the heat (T, O) of summer. (T, O, K.) b12: Also (assumed tropical:) The شَخْص [as meaning person of a human being, and as meaning the bodily or corporeal form or figure or substance which one sees from a distance, or the material substance,] of anything; (M, K, TA; [in the second and third of which is added, “or its كِنّ,” a signification which I have mentioned above on the authority of the M;]) because of its [apparent] blackness [or darkness, resembling that of a shade or shadow]: (M, TA:) whence the saying, لَا يُفَارِقُ ظِلِّى ظِلَّكَ (assumed tropical:) [My person will not quit thy person]; like the saying, لَا يُفَارِقُ سَوَادِى سَوَادَكَ: and the following exs. have been cited as instances of ظِلّ in the sense of شَخْص: the saying of a poet, لَمَّا نَزَلْنَا رَفَعْنَا ظِلَّ أَخْبِيَةٍ

[as though meaning When we alighted, we raised the material fabric of tents], for it is said that they do not set up the ظِلّ which is the فَىْء, but they only set up the tents; and the saying of another, تَتَبَّعَ أَفْيَآءَ الظِّلَالِ عَشِيَّةً

[as though meaning He followed the shadows of the material objects in the evening]: but Er-Rághib says that the former means, we raised the tents, and so raised the ظِلّ thereof; and in the other ex., الظلال is a general term, and الفَىْء [or افيآء] is a special term, so that it is an instance of the إِضَافَة of a thing to its kind [i. e. of prefixing a noun to one significant of its kind]. (TA.) [See also ظَلَالَةٌ.] b13: And accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) it signifies also The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth; syn. زِئْبِرٌ. (O, K.) ظَلَّةٌ i. q. إِقَامَةٌ [Continuance, residence, abode, &c.]. (K.) b2: And i. q. صِحَّةٌ: thus accord. to the copies of the K; but this may be a mistranscription; for Az and others mention, among the significations of ظلّة, [in a copy of the T, written in this case, as in others, ↓ ظُلَّة,] that of صَيْحَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) ظُلَّةٌ A thing that covers, or protects, [or shades,] one, overhead: accord. to Lth, i. q. ↓ مَظَلَّةٌ or مِظَلَّةٌ meaning a thing that shades one from the sun: (T:) see an ex. voce مِظَلَّةٌ: a covering: and i. q. بُرْطُلَّةٌ: (M, K:) this latter word correctly signifies a مِظَلَّة for the summer: (TA in art. برطل:) and a thing by which one is protected from the cold and the heat: (M:) anything that protects and shades one, as a building or a mountain or a cloud: (Mgh:) the first portion that shades (Az, S, K) of a cloud (Az, S) or of clouds; (K;) accord. to Er-Rághib, mostly said of that which is deemed unwholesome, and which is disliked; whence the use of the word in the Kur 7:171: (TA:) and what shades one, of trees: (K:) or anything that forms a covering over one, (T, TA,) or shades one: (T:) and [particularly] a thing like the صُفَّة [q. v.], (S, M, O, K,) by which one protects himself from the heat and the cold: (K:) or, accord. to the lawyers, ظُلَّةُ الدَّارِ means the سُدَّة [or projecting roof] over the door of the house: or that of which the beams have one end upon the house and the other end upon the wall of the opposite neighbour: (Mgh:) pl. ظُلَلٌ (S, M, O, K) and ظِلَالٌ. (M, K.) [See also ظَلَالٌ.] One says also, دَامَتْ ظُلَّةُ الظِّلِّ and الظِّلِّ ↓ ظِلَالَةُ, meaning That whereby one shades himself, (K, TA,) of trees, or of stones, or of other things, (TA,) [continued.] عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ, in the Kur. [26:189], is said to mean [The punishment of the day of] clouds beneath which was a hot wind (سَمُوم): (S, O, K:) or an overshadowing cloud, beneath which they collected themselves together, seeking protection thereby from the heat that came upon them, whereupon it covered them, (T, * K, TA,) and they perished beneath it: (T, TA:) or, accord. to some, i. q. عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الصُّفَّةِ. (T: see art. صف.) and لَهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِنَ النَّارِ وَمِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ, in the Kur [36:16], means To them shall be above them coverings of fire, and beneath them coverings to those below them; Hell consisting of stages, one beneath another. (T, TA.) Seditions, or conflicts and factions, are mentioned in a trad. as being like ظُلَل, by which are meant Mountains, and clouds: and El-Kumeyt likens waves of the sea to ظُلَل. (TA.) And [the pl.]

ظُلَلٌ is used as meaning The chambers of a prison. (M, TA.) A2: See also ظَلَّةٌ.

ظِلَّةٌ i. q. ظِلَالٌ; (T, K, TA;) app. a pl. of ظَلِيلٌ, like as طِلَّةٌ is of طَلِيلٌ. (TA.) ظَلَلٌ Water that is beneath a tree, (O,) or beneath trees, (K,) upon which the sun does not come. (O, K.) [See also ضَلَلٌ.]

ظَلَالٌ, like سَحَابٌ, [so accord. to the K, but in my copies of the S, ↓ ظِلَال,] A thing that shades one, (IAar, S, O, K, TA,) such as a cloud, (IAar, S, TA,) and the like. (IAar, TA.) [See also ظُلَّةٌ.]

ظِلَالٌ pl. of ظِلٌّ: (S, M, O, K:) b2: and of ظُلَّةٌ. (M, K.) b3: [Also, app., pl. of ظَلِيلٌ: see ظِلَّةٌ. b4: Freytag has app. understood it to be expl. in the K as syn. with مَظَلَّةٌ; though it certainly is not.] b5: See also ظَلَالٌ.

مَكَانٌ ظَلِيلٌ A place having shade: (M, K:) or having constant shade. (T, S, M, O, K.) and hence ظِلٌّ ظَلِيلٌ (M, K) Constant shade: (S:) or extensive shade: (O:) or in this case the latter word denotes intensiveness [meaning dense]; (M, K, TA;) being like شَاعِرٌ in the phrase شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ. (TA.) ظِلًّا ظَلِيلًا in the Kur iv. 60 is said by Er-Rághib to be an allusion to ease and pleasantness of life. (TA.) One says also أَيْكَةٌ ظَلِيلَةٌ A collection of trees tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense. (TA.) In the saying of Uheyhah Ibn-El-Juláh, describing palm-trees, هِىَ الظِّلُّ فِى الحَرِّ حَقَّ الظَّلِ?? ??لِ وَالمَنْظَرُ الأَحْسَنُ الأَجْمَلُ [ISd says] in my opinion, he means الشَّىْءُ الظَّلِيلُ حَقَّ الظَّلِيلِ; [so that the verse should be rendered They are the shade in the heat, the shady thing, the extremely shady, and the most goodly, the most beautiful, thing at which one looks; (see the phrase هٰذَا العَالِمُ حَقَّ العَالِمِ, voce حَقٌّ;)] the inf. n. being put in the place of the subst. (M.) لَا ظَلِيلٍ in the Kur [lxxvii. 31] means Not profitable as the shade in protecting from the heat. (TA.) ظَلَالَةٌ, (M, TA,) with fet-h, (TA,) the subst. from the verb in the phrase ظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الغَمَامَ [expl. above, see 2; as such app. meaning either The making to give shade, like the inf. n. تَظْلِيلٌ, or a thing that gives shade, like ظِلَالَةٌ]. (M, TA.) b2: And i. q. شَخْصٌ [expl. above, see ظِلٌّ, last quarter]: (O, K:) and so طَلَالَةٌ, with ط. (O.) ظِلَالَةٌ: see ظُلَّةٌ. b2: Also A cloud that one sees by itself, and of which one sees the shadow upon the earth. (K.) b3: And one says, رَأَيْتُ ظِلَالَةً مِنَ الطَّيْرِ i. e. غَيَابَةً [app. meaning I saw a covert, or place of concealment, of birds]. (TA.) ظَلِيلَةٌ A place in which a little water collects and stagnates in a water-course and the like: (Lth, T:) or a place in which water collects and stagnates in the lower part of the torrent of a valley: (M, K:) or the like of an excavated hollow in the interior of a water-course, such that the water stops, and remains therein: (AA, O:) pl. ظَلَائِلُ. (Lth, AA, T, O.) And A meadow (رَوْضَة) abounding with collections of trees, or of dense and tangled trees: (AA, T, O, K:) pl. as above. (K.) ظُلَّيْلَةٌ A thing which a man makes for himself, of trees, or of a garment, or piece of cloth, by which to protect himself from the heat of the sun: a vulgar word. (TA.) ظُلْظُلٌ i. q. سُعْنٌ, i. e. A ↓ مِظَلَّة [q. v.; or as expl. in the L, in art. سعن, a ظُلَّة (q. v.), or a thing like the ظُلَّة, which is made upon the flat house-tops, for the purpose of guarding against the dew that comes from the direction of the sea in the time of the greatest heat]; on the authority of IAar. (T. [Accord. to the O and K, i. q. سُفُنٌ, which is evidently a mistranscription.]) أَظَلُّ [More, and most, dense in shade]. The Arabs say, لَيْسَ شَىْءٌ أَظَلَّ مِنْ حَجَرٍ [There is not anything more dense in shade than a stone]. (TA.) b2: And أَظَلّ, [as a subst., i. e. أَظَلٌّ accord. to a general rule, or, if regarded as originally an epithet, it may be أَظَلُّ,] by poetic license أَظْلَل, (S, M, O, K,) signifies The under part, (S, O,) or the concealed part, (M, AHei, K,) of the مَنْسِم, (S, M, O, K,) or of the خُفّ, (AHei, TA,) [the former app. here used, as it is said be in other cases, in the same sense as the latter, meaning the foot,] of the camel; (S, M, O, AHei, K;) so called because of its being concealed: (AHei, TA:) and, (M, K,) in a human being, (M,) الأَظَلُّ signifies بَطْنُ الإِصْبَعِ; (M, K;) and [ISd says] this is in my opinion the right explanation; but it is said that أَظَلُّ الإِنْسَانِ signifies بُطُونُ أَصَابِعِهِ, which means the portion, of what is next to the fore part [of the bottom] of the foot, from the root of the great toe to the root of the little toe, of the human being: (M:) the pl. is ظُلٌّ, which is anomalous, (M, K,) or formed after the manner of the pl. of an epithet: (M:) or الظُّلُّ فِى الإِنْسَانِ means the roots, or bases, (أُصُول) of what are termed بُطُونُ الأَصَابِعِ, next to the fore part [of the bottom] of the foot. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) Hence the prov., إِنْ يَدْمَ أَظَلُّكَ فَقَدْ نَقِبَ خُفِّى [If the fore part of the sole of thy foot be bleeding, the sole of my foot has become worn through, in holes: see نَقِبَ]: said to the complainer to him who is in a worse condition than he. (AHei, TA.) مظلّ [app. مَظِلٌّ, being from ظَلَّ of which the aor. is يَظِلُّ; A place of shade, or of continual shade]. One says, هٰذَا مُنَاخِى وَمَحَلِّى وَبَيْتِى وَمظلِّى

[This is my nightly resting-place for the camels, and my place of abode, and my tent, and my place of shade, or of continual shade]. (TA.) مُظِلٌّ A thing having shade; by means of which one shades himself; as also ↓ مُظَلِّلٌ. (Msb.) And [A cloudy day;] a day having clouds: or having continual shade. (TA.) مِظَلَّةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and مَظَلَّةٌ, (T, M, Msb, K,) the former with kesr to the م as an instrumental noun, (Msb,) [and the latter with fet-h as a noun of place,] A large tent of [goats'] hair; (S, O, Msb;) more ample than the خِبَآء; so says El-Fárábee: (Msb:) one of the kinds of tents of the Arabs of the desert, the largest of the tents of [goats'] hair; next after which is the وَسُوط; and then, the خِبَآء, which is the smallest of the tents of [goats'] hair; so says Az: but Aboo-Málik says that the مظلّة and the خبآء are small and large: IAar says that the خَيْمَة is of poles roofed with [the panic grass called] ثَمَام, and is not of cloths; but the مظلّة is of cloths: (T:) or it is of the tents called أَخْبِيَة; (M;) such as is large, of the أَخْبِيَة; (K;) and it is said to be only of cloths; and it is large, having a رِوَاق [q. v.]; but sometimes it is of one oblong piece of cloth (شُقَّة), and of two such pieces, and of three; and sometimes it has a كِفَآء, which is its hinder part: or, accord. to Th, it is peculiarly of [goats'] hair: (M:) see also ظُلَّةٌ, and ظُلْظُلٌ: the pl. is مَظَالُّ; (M, Msb;) and مَظَالِ or مَظَالِى

occurs at the end of a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee-'Áïdh El-Hudhalee, for مَظَالِّ; the [latter]

ل being either elided, or changed into ى. (M.) عِلَّةٌ مَا عِلَّةُ أَوْتَادٍ وَأَخِلَّةٍ وَعَمَدِ المِظَلَّةِ اُبْرُزُوا لِصِهْرِكُمْ

↓ ظُلَّةٌ [A pretext: what is the pretext of tentpegs, and of pins for fastening together the edges of the pieces of the tent-cloth, and of the poles of the large tent? go ye forth: he who has married among you has a tent for shade from the sun:] is a prov., and was said by a girl who had been married to a man, and whose family delayed to conduct her to her husband, urging in excuse that they had not the apparatus of the tent: she said this to urge them, and to put a stop to their excuse: (Meyd, TA: *) and the prov. is applied in attributing untruth to pretexts. (Meyd.) b2: Hence, as being likened thereto, (assumed tropical:) A booth, or shed, made of palm-sticks, and covered with [the panic grass called] ثُمَام. (Msb.) b3: And The thing [i. e. umbrella] by means of which kings are shaded on the occasion of their riding; called in Pers\. چَتْر. (TA.) عَرْشٌ مُظَلَّلٌ [A booth, or shed, shaded over] is from الظِّلُّ. (S.) مُظَلِّلٌ: see مُظِلٌّ.

مُسْتَظِلٌّ Blood that is in the جَوْف [or belly, or interior of the belly, or the chest]. (T, O.) b2: And [Az says,] I heard a man of the tribe of Teiyi apply the term المُسْتَظِلَّاتُ [so accord. to a copy of the T, but in the TA المُسْتَظِلُّ,] to Certain thin flesh, adhering to the interior of the two fetlock-joints of the camel, than which there is in the flesh of the camel none thinner, nor any softer, but there is in it no grease. (T.)

بر

Entries on بر in 4 Arabic dictionaries by the authors Al-Ṣāḥib bin ʿAbbād, Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-Lugha, Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane, Al-Rāghib al-Isfahānī, al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qurʾān, and 1 more

بر

1 بَرَّ, [first Pers\. بَرِرْتُ,] aor. ـَ (T, M, Msb,) inf. n. بِرٌّ, (M, Msb, K,) He was pious [towards his father or parents, and (tropical:) towards God; (see the explanations of the verb as used transitively;) and was kind, or good and affectionate and gentle in behaviour, towards his kindred; and kind, or good, in his dealings with strangers]: (Msb:) he was good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest: (T, Msb:) [or he was amply, largely, or extensively, good or beneficent:] and he was true, or veracious. (M, Msb, K.) [Authorities differ as to the primary signification of this verb, and as to the subordinate meanings: see بِرٌّ below.] You say also, بَرَّ فِى قَوْلِهِ, (Msb, TA,) and فِى يَمِينِهِ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) first Pers\. بَرِرْتُ (T, A, Mgh, K) and بَرَرْتُ, (K,) aor. ـَ (M, Msb) and يَبِرٌّ, (M,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (S, M, K) and بَرٌّ, (K,) or بُرُورٌ, (Msb,) He was true, or veracious, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) in his saying, (Msb, TA,) and in his oath. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: بَرَّ عَمَلَهُ, and بُرَّ, inf. n. بِرٌّ and بُرُورٌ; and ↓ أَبَرَّ; [His deed, or work, was, or proved, good; or was well, or sinlessly, performed;] all signify the same. (M.) And بُرَّ العَمَلُ, i. e. الحَجُّ, a form of benediction, said to a person come from pilgrimage, May the deed, or work, i. e. the pilgrimage, have been sinlessly performed. (TA.) And بَرَّ حَجُّهُ, (T, S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (T,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (S, Msb,) or بُرُورٌ; (T;) and بُرَّ حَجُّهُ, (Fr, T, S, M, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. بِرٌّ; (T;) His pilgrimage was sinlessly performed: (Sh, T:) or was characterized by the giving of food, and by sweetness of speech; as explained by Mohammad himself: was accepted: was rewarded. (TA.) b3: بَرَّ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (T, M, K) and يَبِرُّ, (M, K,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (M, Msb, K) and بَرٌّ and بُرُورٌ, (M, K,) It (a saying, Msb, and an oath, T, A, M, Msb, K) was, or proved, true. (M, A, * Msb, * K, * TA.) [See an ex. voce أَلِيَّةٌ, in art. الو.] b4: بَرَّتْ بِى سِلْعَتُهُ, inf. n. بِرٌّ, (tropical:) His commodity, or article of merchandise, was easy of sale to me, (Aboo-Sa'eed, T, A, *) and procured me gain: (A:) originally meaning it recompensed me, by its high price, for my care of it. (T.) [See also بَرَّهُ, below.]

A2: بَرَّ وَالِدَهُ, (M,) [and app. بِوَالِدِهِ, (see بَرٌّ,)] first Pers\. بَرِرْتُ (S, M, Msb, K) and بَرَرْتُ, (M, K,) aor. ـَ (S, M, Msb, K) and يَبِرُّ, (M, K,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (S, M, Msb, K) and مَبَرَّةٌ (S, K, Msb *) and بُرُورٌ, (Msb,) He treated, or behaved towards, his father with filial piety, duty, or obedience; (TA;) or with ample obedience; (B;) the inf. ns. signifying the contr. of عُقُوقٌ: (S, M, A, K:) he treated, or behaved towards, his father with good obedience, and with gentleness, or courtesy, striving to do the things that were pleasing to him, and to avoid what were displeasing to him. (Msb.) And [hence, app., for accord. to the A it is tropical.] بَرَّ خَالِقَهُ, (S,) or رَبَّهُ, (A,) aor. ـَ (S, A,) inf. n. بِرٌّ; (T, S, M, K;) and ↓ تبرّرهُ; (S, K; *) (tropical:) He obeyed his Creator, or his Lord; (S, M, * A, K; *) [was pious towards Him;] served Him; rendered religious service to Him: (TA:) or rendered Him ample obedience: the obedience here meant is of two kinds; namely, that of belief and that of works; and both these kinds are meant by البِرّ in the Kur ii. 172. (B.) [And app. بَرَّتْ وَلَدَهَا, or بِوَلَدِهَا, She behaved with maternal affection towards her child, or offspring. (See بَرٌّ.)] And بَرَّهُ, (M,) and بَرَّ رَحِمَهُ, (T,) first Pers\. بَرِرْتُ, (T, M,) inf. n. بِرٌّ, (T, M, K,) He behaved towards him, and towards his kindred, or relations, with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his, or their, circumstances; syn. وَصَلَهُ [and وَصَلَهُمْ]: (T, M, K:) such is said to be the signification of the verb as use in the Kur lx. 8. (M, B, TA. [See also 3.]) And اَللّٰهُ يَبَرُّ عِبَادَهُ (assumed tropical:) God is merciful to his servants: (M, TA:) or بَرَّهُ, inf. n. بِرٌّ, said of God, means He recompensed him, or rewarded him, for his obedience. (B, TA.) [بَرَّهُ بِكَذَا (occurring in the S and K in explanation of أَلْطَفَهُ بِكَذَا) may be rendered He showed kindness, &c., to him by such a thing, or such an action, &c.: and also he presented him with such a thing; like وَصَلَهُ بِكَذَا.] b2: بَرَّ اللّٰهُ حَجَّهُ, (T, S, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. بِرٌّ, (S,) or بُرُورٌ, (Msb,) God accepted his pilgrimage; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ ابرّهُ: (T, S, M, Msb:) the latter alone is allowed by Fr: (M, TA:) [though بُرَّ حَجُّهُ and عَمَلُهُ, mentioned above, are well known; as is the pass. part. n. مَبْرُورٌ, which see below:] and one says, [in like manner,] اللّٰهُ عَمَلُهُ ↓ ابرّ [God accepted his deed, or work, as good; approved it]. (M.) b3: See also 4, in three places.

A3: بَرَّ, (TK,) inf. n. بِرٌّ, (S, K,) He drove sheep or goats: (IAar, S, K:) or he called them. (Yoo.) [See also بِرٌّ below.]3 بارّهُ, inf. n. مُبَارَّةٌ, He behaved towards him with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances; or he did so, experiencing from him the same behaviour; syn. of the inf. n. مُلَاطَفَةٌ. (S and K in art. لطف: but only the inf. n. is there mentioned. [See also 1.]) 4 ابرّ عَمَلُهُ: see 1.

A2: ابرّ حَجَّهُ, and عَمَلَهُ: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. b2: ابرّ القَوْلَ, (Msb,) and اليَمِينَ, (T, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) He executed, or performed, the saying, and the oath, truly. (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) Accord. to El-Ahmar, one also says, قَسَمِى ↓ بَرِرْتُ; but none other asserts this. (T, TA.) b3: ابراللّٰهُ قَسَمَهُ, (T, TA,) inf. n. إِبْرَارٌ; and ↓ بَرَّهُ, inf. n. بِرٌّ; God verified his oath. (TA.) b4: ابرّ فُلَانٌ قَسَمَ فُلَانٍ

Such a one assented, or consented, to the conjurement of such a one: أَحْنَثُهُ signifies “ he assented not,” or “ consented not, thereto. ” (T, TA.) A3: ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. as above, (T, TA,) He overcame them: (T, S, M, K:) he subdued them, or overcame them, by good or other actions; (TA;) by actions or sayings; (TA;) as also ↓ بَرَّهُمْ, aor. ـُ (T, K, TA:) he was refractory, or stubborn, and overcame them. (TA, from a trad.) You say, ابرّ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ [He overcame his adversary]. (A.) And ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرًّا [He overcame them in evil]: and hence ابرّ is used in the sense of فَجَرَ [he transgressed, &c.]; as in the saying of a poet, فَلَسْتُ أُبَالِى مَنْ أَبَرَّ وَ مَنْ فَجَرْ [Then I care not who acts wickedly and who transgresses]. (IAar, M.) A4: ابرّ [from بَرٌّ] He rode, or journeyed, upon the land. (ISk, S, A, K.) Opposed to أَبْحَرَ. (A.) 5 تبرّر [He affected, or endeavoured to characterize himself by, بِرّ, i. e. filial piety, &c.]. b2: قَدْ تَبَرَّرْتَ فِى أَمْرِنَا Thou hast abstained from crime, or sin, or the like, in our affair, or business, or case. (T, TA.) A2: تبرّر خَالِقَهُ: see 1.6 تبارّوا They practised mutual بِرّ [meaning kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for each other's circumstances]. (S.) R. Q. 1 بَرْبَرَ, inf. n. بَرْبَرَةٌ, He talked much, and raised a clamour, or confused noise, (M, K,) with his tongue: (M:) he cried, or cried out, (S, K,) and talked in anger, (S,) or talked confusedly, with anger and aversion. (TA.) and بَرْبَرَ فِى كَلَامِهِ He was profuse and unprofitable in his talk. (Fr.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, He (a goat) uttered a cry or cries, [or rattled,] (M, K,) being excited by desire of the female. (M.) بَرٌّ [originally بَرِرٌ] (M, Msb, K) and ↓ بَارٌّ (Msb) Pious [towards his father or parents, and (tropical:) towards God; (tropical:) obedient to God, serving God, or rendering religious service to God; (see 1;) and kind, or good and affectionate and gentle in behaviour, towards his kindred; and good in his dealings with strangers]; good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest: (Msb:) true, or veracious: (M, Msb, K:) and both signify also abounding in بِرّ [or filial piety, &c.]: (K:) the former is [said to be] a stronger epithet than the latter, like as عَدْلٌ is stronger than عَادِلٌ: (B:) [but its pl. shows that it is not, like عَدْلٌ, originally an inf. n.: it is a regular contraction of بَرِرٌ, like as بَارٌّ is of بَارِرٌ:] the fem. of each is with ة: (Lh, M:) the pl. (of the former, S, M, Msb, or of the latter, B) is أَبْرَاٌ; and (of the latter, S, M, Msb, or of the former, B) بَرَرَةٌ: (S, M, Msb, K:) the former pl. is often specially applied to saints, those who abstain from worldly pleasures, and devotees; and the latter, to the recording angels. (B.) You say, أَنَا بَرٌّ بِوَالِدِى, and ↓ بَارٌّ, I am characterized by filial piety, dutifulness, or obedience, to my father: (S, M, A: *) the latter is mentioned on the authority of Kr; but some disallow it. (M, TA.) And الأُمُّ بَرَّةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا [The mother is maternally affectionate to her child, or offspring]. (S.) And رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ بِذِى قَرَابَتِهِ, and ↓ بَارٌّ, A man who behaves towards his kindred with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances. (T.) And رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ سَرٌّ A man who treats with goodness and affection and gentleness, and rejoices, or gladdens, his brethren: pl. بَرُّونَ سَرُّونَ. (S, * K, * TA, in art. سر.) And بَرٌّ فِى قَوْلٍ, and فِى يَمِينٍ, and ↓ بَارٌّ, True, or veracious, in a saying, and in an oath. (Msb.) And يَمِينٌ بَرَّةٌ and ↓ بَارَّةٌ [A true oath; or an oath that proves true]. (Ham p. 811.) البَرُّ is also a name of God; (M, K;) meaning (assumed tropical:) The Merciful, or Compassionate: (M:) or the Very Benign to his servants; (IAth;) the Ample in goodness or beneficence: (B:) البَارُّ is not so used. (IAth.) It is said in a trad., تَمَسَّحُوا بِالأَرْضِ فَإِنَّهَا بَرَّةٌ بِكُمْ (assumed tropical:) Wipe yourselves with the dust, or earth, [in performing the ceremony termed التَّيَمُّمُ,] for it is benignant towards you, like as the mother is to her children; meaning, ye are created from it, and in it are your means of subsistence, and to it ye return after death: (IAth:) or the meaning is, that your tents, or houses, are upon it, and ye are buried in it. (M.) A2: بَرٌّ Land; opposed to بَحْرٌ [as meaning “ sea ” and the like]: (S, Msb, K:) from بِرٌّ signifying “ ampleness,” “ largeness,” or “ extensiveness; ” (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], MF;) or the former word is the original of the latter. (B, TA. [See the latter word.]) [Hence, بَرًّا وَ بَحْرًا By land and by sea.] b2: A desert, or deserts; a waste, or wastes. (T, TA. [See also بَرِّيَّةٌ, voce بَرِّيٌّ.]) So, accord. to Mujáhid [and the Jel] in words of the Kur [vi. 59], وَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى البَرِّ وَ البَحْرِ And He knoweth what is in the desert, or deserts, and the towns, or villages, in which is water, (T, TA,) or which are upon the rivers. (Jel.) [So too in the phrase نَبَاتُ البَرِّ The plants, or herbage, of the desert or waste; the wild plants or herbage. And عَسَلُ البَرِّ Honey of the desert; wild honey. And حَيَوَانُ البَرِّ The animal, or animals, of the desert; the wild animal or animals.] b3: A wide tract of land. (Bd in ii. 41.) b4: [The open country; opposed to بَحْرٌ as meaning the “ cities,” or “ towns,” “ upon the rivers: ” see the latter word.] b5: Elevated ground, open to view. (T.) b6: The tract, or part, out of doors, or where one is exposed to view; contr. of كِنٌّ: used by the Arabs indeterminately; [without the article ال;] as in the phrase, جَلَسْتُ بَرًّا (Lth, T) meaning I sat outside the house; (A;) and خَرَجْتُ بَرًّا (Lth, T) meaning I went forth outside the [house or] town, (A,) or into the desert: (TA:) but [Az says,] these are post-classical phrases, which I have not heard from the chaste-speaking Arabs of the desert. (T.) b7: You say also, أَرِيدُ جَوًّا وَ يُرِيدُ بَرًّا I desire concealment, or secrecy, and he desires publicity. (A.) بُرٌّ Wheat; and the grain of wheat; syn. قَمْحٌ, (S, * Msb,) or حِنْطَةٌ; (M, K;) but it is a more chaste word than قَمْحٌ and حِنْطَةٌ: (M:) pl. of بُرَّةٌ; (S, M;) or [rather] بُرَّةٌ is the n. un. [signifying a grain of wheat, like قَمْحَةٌ]: (IDrd, Msb:) the pl. of بُرٌّ is أَبْرَارٌ; (K;) or this pl. is allowable on the ground of analogy, accord. to Mbr, but is disallowed by Sb. (S.) It is said in a prov., (TA,) هُوَ أَقْصَرُ مِنْ برَّةٍ [He, or it, is shorter than a grain of wheat]. (A, TA.) and you say, أَطْعمَنَا ابْنَ بُرَّةٍ He fed us with bread. (A.) بِرٌّ inf. n. of 1: (T, S, M, &c.:) it is said by some to signify primarily Ampleness, largeness, or extensiveness; whence بَرٌّ as opposed to بَحْرٌ: then, b2: Benevolent and solicitous regard or treatment or conduct [to parents and others; i. e. piety to parents; and (tropical:) towards God]: and goodness, or beneficence: and kindness, or good and affectionate and gentle behaviour, and regard for the circumstances of another: (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], MF:) or بَرٌّ, as opposed to بَحْرٌ, [or as signifying “ a wide tract of land,” (Bd in ii. 41,)] is the original of بِرٌّ, (Bd in ii. 41, B, TA,) which signifies ample, large, or extensive, goodness or beneficence, (Z, in the Ksh, ii. 41, [but he regards it as the original of بَرٌّ,] and Bd on the same passage, and B, K, TA,) to men; (TA;) or comprehending every kind of goodness: (Ksh and Bd ubi suprà:) and hence it is said to be in three things: in the service of God: in paying regard to relations; acting well to them: and in dealing with strangers: (Bd ubi suprà:) or every deed that is approved: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 172:) and [particularly] obedience to God: (T, S, M, &c.: [see also بَرَّةُ:]) [and every incumbent duty: and hence,] the pilgrimage to Mekkeh: (K:) and fidelity to an engagement: (TA:) also a gratuitous gift, or favour; and a bounty, or benefit; syn. فَضْلٌ; (Msb;) and إِحْسَانٌ; as also ↓ مَبَرَّةٌ [an inf. n., but when used as a simple subst. its pl. is مَبَارٌ and مَبَرَّاتٌ]. (Har p. 94.) In the Kur [ii. 172], where it is said, لُكِنَّ البِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِااللّٰهِ, by البرّ is meant ذَا البِرِّ [i. e. But the pious, or obedient to God, is he who believeth in God]; (T, M, Ksh, Bd, Jel;) and some read البَارَّ: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or the meaning is, لكنّ البِرَّ بِرُّ من آمن با للّٰه i. e. but the obedience of which it behooveth one to be mindful is the obedience of him who believeth in God: (Sb, T, IJ, M, Ksh, Bd:) and this explanation is preferable to the former. (Bd.) It is said in a prov., (T, S,) لَا يَعْرِفُ هِرًّا مِنْ بِرٍ, (S, A, K, but in the T and M مَا is put in the place of لا,) meaning He knows not him who dislikes him, or hates him, from him who behaves towards him with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances: (S, M, A, K, * TA:) or undutiful conduct to a parent from gentleness, or courtesy: (ElFezáree, T, K:) or altercation, (T,) or dislike, or hatred, (K,) from honourable treatment: (T, K:) or the calling of sheep, or goats, from the driving of them: (IAar, S, K:) or the driving of sheep, or goats, from the calling of them: (Yoo, T:) or the calling of them to water from the calling of them to fodder; (K;) which last rendering is agreeable with an explanation of بِرٌّ by IAar [mentioned in the T]; (TA;) and ↓ بِرْبِرٌ, also, has the signification here assigned to بِرٌّ: (K, * TA:) or الهَرْهَرَة from البَرْبَرَة; (A'Obeyd, T, K;) i. e. the crying of sheep from the crying of goats: (A'Obeyd, T:) or the cat from the rat, or mouse: (IAar, T, M, K:) and بِرٌّ also signifies the [species of rat called] جُرَذ: (Aboo-Tálib, T, K:) or a small animal resembling the rat or mouse: (M:) and the young of the fox. (K.) b3: Also Good, as a subst., not an adj.; syn. خَيْرٌ; (Sh, T, Mgh, Msb, K;) which comprises all that has been said in explanation of بِرٌّ (Sh, T, Mgh) as used in the saying of Mohammad, عَليْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّهُ يَهْدِى

إِلَى البِرِّ [Keep ye to truth; for it guides to good, or to a good, or right, state]: some render it in this instance by الخَيْر; and some, by الصَّلَاح. (Sh, T.) It signifies also The good of the present life, consisting in spiritual and worldly blessings, and of that which is to come, consisting in everlasting enjoyment in Paradise: so in the Kur iii. 86: (T:) or [simply] Paradise. (K.) b4: Also The heart; or the mind. (K.) So in the saying, هُوَ مُطْمَئِنُّ البِرِّ [He is quiet, or at rest, in heart, or mind]. (TA.) بَرَّةُ a subst. in the sense of البِرُّ, (S, M, K,) meaning Obedience [&c.]; (K;) determinate, (S, K,) being a proper name; for which reason, combined with its being of the fem. gender, it is imperfectly decl. (M.) [It is opposed to فَجَارِ.

See a verse of En-Nábighah in the first paragraph of art. حمل.]

بَرِيرٌ [a coll. gen. n.] The fruit of the أَرَاك [q. v.], (S, M,) in a general sense: (M:) or the first thereof; (K;) [i. e.] the first that appears, or when it first appears, and is sweet: (M:) or when it has become hard: (Msb:) or when it is larger in its berries (حَبّ) than such as is termed كَبَاث, and smaller in its clusters; having a round, small, hard stone, a little larger than the حِمَّص; its cluster filling the hand: (AHn, M:) n. un. with ة. (AHn, S, M, Msb.) بُرَّى A good, sweet, or pleasant, word or expression or saying: (K:) from بِرٌّ signifying “ benevolent and solicitous regard or treatment or conduct. ” (TA.) بَرِّىٌّ Of, or belonging to, or relating to, the land as opposed to the sea or a great river. b2: And Of, or belonging to, or relating to, the desert or waste; growing, or living, or produced, in the desert or waste; wild, or in an uncultivated state. b3: And hence,] أَرْضٌ بَرِّيَّةٌ Uncultivated land; without seed-produce, and unfruitful; without green herbs or leguminous plants and without waters; contr. of رِيفِيَّةٌ. (IAar, M, K. *) And, simply, ↓ بَرَّيَّةٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ بَرِّيتٌ, (A'Obeyd, IAar, Sh, S, K,) the latter a variation of the former, the ى being made quiescent, and the ة therefore being changed into ت, as in عِفْرِيتٌ, originally عِفْرِيَةٌ, (S,) a rel. n. from بَرٌّ, (Sh, T, Msb,) A desert; a waste; a spacious tract of ground without herbage; syn. صَحْرَآءُ: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [see also بَرٌّ:] or a tract nearer to the desert (البَرّ) than it is to water: (Sh, T:) [but some write the latter word ↓ بِرِّيتٌ; and it is said that]

بِرِّيتُ, (T and K in art. برت,) of the same measure as سِكِّيتٌ, (K in that art.,) signifies flat, even, or level, land: (T, K:) or a barren, flat, even, or level, land: a poet says, بِرِّيتُ أَرْضٍ بَعْدَهَا بِرِّيتُ [A barren, flat land, after which is a second barren, flat land]: (T:) ISd says that بِرِّيتٌ, in a poem of Ru-beh, [from which the ex. given above is probably taken,] is of the measure فِعْلِيتٌ from البَرُّ; and that art. برت is not the place in which it should be mentioned: (TA:) Lth says, البَرِّيتُ is a noun derived from البَرِّيَّةُ; the ى becoming quiescent, and the ة becoming an inseparable ت, as though it were a radical letter, as in the case of عِفْرِيَةٌ, which thus becomes عِفْرِيتٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of برّيّة is بَرَارِىُّ; and that of برّيت is بَرَارِيتُ. (S.) بَرِّيَّةٌ and بَرِّيتٌ and بِرِّيتٌ: see بَرِّىٌّ.

بَرَّارٌ as signifying A possessor of بُرّ, i. e. wheat, though agreeable with prevailing analogy, is not allowable, not being sanctioned by usage. (Sb, M.) بَرَّانِىٌّ External; or outward: apparent; public. (T.) Hence the saying of Selmán, (T,) مَنْ

أَصْلَحَ جَوَّانِيَّهُ أَصْلَحَ اللّٰهُ بَرَّانِيَّهُ (T, A, K) Whoso maketh his inner man (سَرِيرَتَهُ) to be good, God will make his outward man (عَلَانِيَتَهُ) to be good. (T.) بَرَّانِىٌّ is a rel. n., irregularly formed, (K,) from بَرٌّ signifying “ elevated ground, open to view; ” and جَوَّانِىٌّ, from جَوٌّ signifying “ any low, or depressed, part of the ground. ” (T.) You say, افْتَتَحَ البَابَ البَرَّانِىَّ He opened the outer door. (A.) بَرْبَرُ, (S, K,) or البَرْبَرُ, (Mgh, Msb,) [a coll. gen. proper name, of which the n. un., or rel. n., is ↓ بَرْبَرِىٌّ,] a foreign word, (S,) [probably of African origin, the primary form of which is the source of βάρβαρος, &c.,] arabicized; (Msb;) or, as some say, from بَرْبَرَةٌ in speech; (TA; [see R. Q. 1;]) and البَرَابِرَةُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the pl. of بَرْبَرُ, (K,) or of البَرْبَرُ, (Msb,) [or of بَرْبَرِىٌّ, agreeably with what follows and with analogy,] the ة being added because the sing. is a foreign word, or [so in the M and TA, but in the S “ and,”] a rel. n., (S, M,) but it may be elided; [so that one may say البَرَابِرُ;] (S;) A certain people, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) of the inhabitants of El-Maghrib [or Northern Africa west of Egypt], (Mgh, * Msb, K, *) like the Arabs of the desert in hardness, and coarseness, or rudeness, (Mgh, * Msb,) and in slightness of religion, and littleness of knowledge: (Mgh:) and another people, [the Colobi mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and Strabo,] between the Abyssinians and the Zinj, who amputate [the glans of] the penis, and make it a dowry for a wife. (K.) [There are various opinions of the origins of these races. The appellation of البَرَابِرَةُ, sing. ↓ بَرْبَرِىٌّ, is also applied by late historians, and in the present day, to The races inhabiting the portion of the valley of the Nile which we commonly call Nubia.]

بُرْبُرٌ: see بَرْبَارٌ.

بِرْبِرٌ: see بِرٌّ.

بَرْبَرِىٌّ: see بَرْبَارٌ: b2: and see also بَرْبَرُ, in two places.

بَرْبَارٌ One who talks much, and raises a clamour, or confused noise, (M, K,) with his tongue: (M:) who cries, or cries out, (S, K,) and talks in anger, (S,) or talks confusedly, with anger and aversion: (TA:) who vociferates much; (TA;) as also ↓ بُرْبُرٌ: (K:) and ↓ بَرْبَرِىٌّ signifies one who talks much and unprofitably. (Fr.) b2: البَرْبَارُ The lion; as also ↓ المُبَرْبِرُ: (K:) because of the confused noise that he makes, and his aversion and anger. (TA.) b3: دَلْوٌ بَرْبَارٌ A bucket that makes a noise (M, K) in the water. (M.) بُرْبُورٌ What is termed جَشِيش [i. e. coarselyground flour, &c.], (M, CK, [in MS. copies of the K, and of the S also, حَشِيش, which is evidently a mistranscription,]) of wheat. (S, M, K.) بَارٌّ; fem. with ة: see بَرٌّ, in five places.

أَبَرٌّ [accord. to analogy signifies More, and most, pious &c.: see بَرٌّ. But the only meaning that I find assigned to it in any of the lexicons is that here following.

A2: ] More, and most, distant in the desert, (T, K,) as to habitation. (T.) So in the saying, أَفْصَحُ العَرَبِ أَبَرُّهُمْ The most chaste in speech of the Arabs are the most distant of them in the desert, as to habitation. (T, K. * [In the latter, instead of افصح, we find أَصْلَحُ.]) مُبِرٌّ One who overcomes. (TA.) [See 4.] b2: إِنَّهُ لَمُبِرٌّ بِذٰلِكَ means Verily he is a prudent, or sound, manager of that; syn. ضَابِطٌ لَهُ. (M, K. *) مَبَرَّةٌ: see بِرٌّ.

مَبْرُورٌ, applied to a pilgrimage, Sinlessly performed: (Sh, T, Mgh:) or characterized by the giving of food and by sweetness of speech; as explained by Mohammad himself: accepted: rewarded. (TA.) مَبْرُورٌ مَأْجُورٌ [Thou art accepted, or approved, and rewarded] and مَبْرُورًا مَأْجُورًا [Go thou accepted, or approved, and rewarded] are forms of benediction: the former, of the dial. of Temeem; أَنْتَ being understood: the latter, of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz; اِذْهَبْ being understood. (M.) b2: Applied to a sale, Truly and honestly executed. (Sh, T, Mgh.) المُبَرْبِرُ: see بَرْبَارٌ.
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