خفق

1 خَفْقٌ signifies The striking, or slapping, (JK, S, K,) a thing, [so as to make a slight sound,] with a دِرَّة [q. v.], (JK, K,) or with something broad. (JK, S, K.) You say, خَفَقَهُ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ [and خَفُقَ], inf. n. خَفْقٌ, (Msb,) He struck, or slapped, him, or it, [so as to make a slight sound,] with something broad, (Mgh, Msb,) such as a دِرَّة. (Msb.) And خَفَقَهُ, aor. ـِ and خَفُقَ, He struck him slightly, [or so as to make a slight sound,] with a sword, (S, K,) and with a whip, and with a دِرَّة. (TA.) And خَفَقَ الأَرْضَ بِنَعْلِهِ He struck the ground [so as to make a sound] with his sandal. (S, TA.) b2: And hence, i. e. from خَفَقَهُ as first explained above, (Mgh,) The sounding [of the patting, or pattering,] (JK, Mgh, K) of the sandal, (JK, K,) or of the sandals, (Mgh,) and the like: (TA:) and خَفْقُ الأَقْدَامِ عَلَى الأَرْضِ [the sounding of the patting, or pattering, of the feet upon the ground]. (Az, in TA, art. همس.) You say, خَفَقَ النَّعْلُ The sandal made a sound, or sounds. (Msb.) b3: and خَفَقَتِ الرَّايَةُ, aor. ـِ and خَفُقَ, inf. n. خَفْقٌ and خَفَقَانٌ (S, K) and خُفُوقٌ, (TA,) The banner, or standard, was, or became, in a state of commotion; moved, or went, to and fro; trembled; fluttered; or quivered; (S, K;) as also ↓ اختفقت: (JK, K:) and in the same sense the former verb is used in speaking of the heart; (S, Msb;) خَفَقَانُ القَلْبِ signifying the fluttering, or palpitating, of the heart; (JK, T, K;) and in like manner خَفَقَانُ الجِنَاحِ the fluttering, or flapping, of the wing: (JK:) so, too, the former verb is used in speaking of the mirage; (S, K;) and ↓ the latter verb likewise; (Lth, K;) and Ru-beh, by poetic license, makes the ف of [the inf. n.] الخَفْق to be with fet-h, in his saying, مُشْتَبِهِ الأَعْلَامِ لَمَّاعِ الخَفَقْ [Indistinct in respect of the signs of the way, glistening much in the quivering, or fluttering]: (S, K:) in like manner, also, the former verb is used in speaking of lightning, (S, * TA,) inf. n. خَفْقٌ; (S;) and of a sword, and of the wind, and the like: and ↓ اخفق, said of the heart, and of lightning, and of a sword, and [اخفقت said] of a banner, or standard, and of the wind, signifies the same: (TA:) or خَفَقَتِ الرِّيحُ, (S,) inf. n. خَفَقَانٌ, (S, TA,) signifies The wind made a rustling, or murmuring, or confused and continued, sound. (S, TA. *) And خَفَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ The she-camel broke wind, with a sound. (K.) b4: خَفَقَ said of a bird, [because of the flapping, or sound, of its wings,] It flew. (S, K.) See also 4, first sentence. And said of an arrow, [because of its whizzing,] It went swiftly. (TA.) And خَفَقَ فِى البِلَادِ, inf. n. خُفُوقٌ, He went away into, or in, the countries, or lands, &c. (TA.) b5: Also, said of a man, [in the CK, فُلَانًا is erroneously put for فُلَانٌ,] He moved, or shook, his head, (S, K,) or bent [down] his head, (TA,) [or nodded,] being drowsy, or dozing; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ اخفق: (Sgh, K:) or he drowsed, or dozed: (Mgh:) or he had a fit of drowsiness, or dozing, and then awoke: (TA:) or he slept; (JK, TA;) so says Ibn-Háni; (TA;) aor. ـِ and خَفُقَ, (JK,) inf. n. خُفُوقٌ. (TA.) And خَفَقَ بِرَأْسِهِ

أَوْ خَفْقَتَيْنِ ↓ خَفْقَةً, (Mgh, Msb,) occurring in a trad., (Mgh,) He bent [down] his head, without the rest of his body, [or nodded,] once, or twice, being taken by a fit of drowsiness, or dozing. (Msb.) It is said in another trad., كَانَتْ رُؤُوسُهُمْ

أَوْ خَفْقَتَيْنِ ↓ تَخْفِقُ خَفْقَةً [Their heads used to nod by reason of drowsiness, or dozing, once or twice]. (S.) And in another, كَانُوا يَنْتَظِرُونَ العِشَآءَ حَتَّى تَخْفِقُ رُؤُوسُهُمْ, i. e. [They used to wait for nightfall until] they slept so that their chins dropped upon their breasts. (TA.) b6: خَفَقَتِ النُّجُومُ, inf. n. خُفُوقٌ, The stars set, or disappeared. (S.) And خَفَقَ النَّخْمُ, (JK, Mgh, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. خُفُوقٌ, (K,) The star, or the asterism, [or the Pleiades,] set, or disappeared; (JK, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ اخفق: (JK:) or the former signifies the star, &c., went down in the place of setting; and in like manner the verb is used in speaking of the moon; (TA;) and of the sun: (IAar, TA:) and النُّجُومُ ↓ اخفقت signifies the stars retired to the place of setting: (S, K:) or, as some say, shone with a flickering light, or glistened, or shone brightly: [because of their twinkling, or apparent quivering: or] as though the ا in the verb had a privative effect. (TA.) One says, وَرَدْتُ خُفُوقَ النَّجْمِ, meaning [I came] at the time of the setting of the Pleiades; making the inf. n. an adv. n. [of time]. (S, TA.) b7: Hence, (Mgh, TA,) or, as some say, from the same word as signifying “ the act of striking [or slapping],” (TA,) الخَفْقُ signifies The act of inserting; (Mgh;) [i. e.] the causing the penis to become concealed in the vulva; (K;) or the act of copulation: (JK:) or [rather] the penis' becoming concealed in the vulva. (Az, TA.) b8: خَفَقَ اللَّيْلُ The night for the most part passed away: (JK, K:) [and in like manner the verb is said of the day:] see خَافِقٌ. b9: خَفَقَ المَكَانُ The place was, or became, void, or unoccupied. (TA.) b10: خُفُوقٌ in a horse is The being slender, or lean, in the belly. (AO, K. [See خَفِقٌ.]) 4 اخفق, said of a bird, It beat with [or flapped] its wings: (S, K:) and بِجِنَاحَيْهِ ↓ خَفَقَ [signifies the same]. (S and K in art. رنق.) And اخفق بِثَوْبِهِ He (a man) made a sign with his garment, by raising it, and waving it. (S, Z, Sgh, K.) b2: Said of the heart, and of lightning, and of a sword, &c.: see 1. b3: And said of a drowsy, or dozing, man: see 1. b4: Also He (a man who had gone on a warring and plundering expedition) failed of obtaining any spoil: (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh, K, and Ham p. 157, and Har p. 26:) because he becomes in a shaky, or unsteady, condition, at that time: or because his travelling-bags become unsteady, or shake about, by reason of their lightness and emptiness: so that the verb is of the same category as أَعْطَشَ [meaning “ his camels thirsted ”] and أَجْرَبَ [meaning “ he had his camels affected with the mange, or scab]: (Har ubi suprà:) or the proper signification is, he found the spoil to be not stationary: (TA:) or it means he returned disappointed of spoil, or of predatory warfare: (JK:) or he was disappointed of that for which he hoped. (Ham p. 157.) And He (a hunter or fowler) returned without having taken any game. (S, K.) And His property became little. (TA.) You say also, اخفق فِى زَادِهِ He (a man) had his travelling-provisions all spent, or consumed, [so that his provision-bags, being empty, shook about.] (JK.) and طَلَبَ حَاجَةً فَأَخْفَقَ (S, K) He sought an object of want, and failed of obtaining it. (K.) b5: اخفق النَّجْمُ, and اخفقت النُّجُومُ: see 1.

A2: اخفق فُلَانًا He threw down, or prostrated, such a one on the ground. (AA, K.) 8 إِخْتَفَقَ see 1, in two places.

مِشْفَرٌ خَفِقٌ A camel's lip flaccid, or pendulous. (JK.) b2: فَرَسٌ خَفِقٌ and خَفِقَةٌ and ↓ خُفَقٌ and خُفَقَةٌ A horse, or mare, slender, or lean, in the belly: sometimes the animal is so by nature; sometimes, by reason of loss of flesh; and sometimes, by being jaded: (AO, K:) sometimes, also, they said خَفِقُ الأَحْشَآءِ; at other times using the epithet by itself: (AO, TA:) pl. [masc.] خِفَاقٌ and [fem.] خَفِقَاتٌ and خُفَقَاتٌ. (AO, K.) خُفَقٌ and [its fem.] with ة: see خَفِقٌ.

خَفْقَةٌ [A single nodding of the head, by reason of drowsiness, or dozing]: see 1, in two places: (Mgh, Msb:) a slight, or light, sleep. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting Ed-Dejjál [or Antichrist], يَخْرُجُ فِى خَفْقَةٍ مِنَ الدِّينِ, explained as meaning [He will come forth] in a time when religion will be drowsy, or dozing, by reason of weakness. (TA.) b2: مَضَى خَفْقَةٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ meansA period (سَاعَةٌ) of the night passed. (JK.) b3: And one says, سَيْرُ اللَّيْلِ الخَفْقَتَانِ وَسَيْرُ النَّهَارِ البَرْدَانِ [The time of] the journeying of the night is the first part thereof and the last part thereof, and [that of] the journeying of the day is the morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

خِفْقَةٌ, (K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, ↓ خَفْقَةٌ, (TA,) A thing with which one strikes, or beats, such as a thong, or strap, or a دِرَّة [q. v.]. (K, TA.) [See also مِخْفَقَةٌ.]

A2: And the former, (K,) or ↓ the latter, (JK,) A smooth desert in which is [the kind of mirage termed] آل: (JK, K:) so says Lth. (TA.) [See also مَخْفَقٌ.]

خِفَاقٌ A garment with which one makes a sign, by raising it, and waving it. (JK.) خَفُوقٌ: see خَافِقٌ. b2: Also A she-camel that breaks wind [often], with a sound. (K.) خَفَّاقٌ [Flapping, or flapping much;] applied to a wing. (TA.) And applied to a bird, [because of the sound of its wings,] meaning Flying. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ خَفَّاقَةٌ A land in which the سَرَابِ [or mirage] quivers. (TA.) b3: خَفَّاقُ القَدَمِ A man broad in the fore part of the foot: (S, K:) or broad in the under part, or sole, of the foot: (JK, TA:) or having the foot light upon the ground; not heavy, nor slow: (IAar, TA:) or quick in step, beating the ground much with the foot so that it makes a sound of flapping to be heard by reason of the vehemence of his tread. (Ham p. 173.) b4: خَفَّاقَةُ الحَشَى A woman lank in the belly. (S, L, K, TA.) خَفَّاقَةٌ fem. of خَفَّاقٌ [q. v.]. b2: [Hence,] الخَفَّاقَةُ The anus. (IDrd, K.) خَافِقٌ [act. part. n. of خَفَقَ in all its senses]. It is applied as an epithet to the سَرَاب [or mirage, as meaning Quivering]: and so ↓ خَفُوقٌ [but with an intensive signification]. (JK.) and [the fem. pls.] خَوَافِقُ and خَافِقَاتٌ are used as [substs.] signifying Banners, or standards, [because of their fluttering.] (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, Moving, or shaking, his head, or bending it [down, or nodding], when drowsy, or dozing. (TA.) b3: [Hence, app.,] رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا خَافِقَ العَيْنِ (tropical:) I saw such a one with the eye cast down, and depressed in the head [as though drowsy]. (TA.) b4: أَيَّامُ الخَافِقَاتِ Certain days in which the stars [in great number] became scattered (تَنَاثَرَتْ [in the CK, erroneously, تَناصَرَتْ]), [causing a belief that the day of judgment was at hand, (see Kur lxxxii. 2,)] in the time of Abu-l-'Abbás and Aboo-Jaafar, (K, TA,) the 'Abbásees. (TA.) b5: الخَافِقَانِ is a term applied to The place of sunrise and the place of sunset, (AHeyth, JK, Mgh, K,) by the attribution of predominance to the latter; for الخَافِقُ, meaning the disappearing, is applied to the place of sunset: (AHeyth, TA:) or the horizon (أُفُق) of the place of sunrise and that of the place of sunset; (S, K;) accord. to Lth (TA) and ISk, (S, TA,) because the night and the day for the most part pass away (↓ يَخْفِقَانِ, so in the T and S, but in the K, erroneously, يَخْتَلِفَانِ, TA) between them, (T, TA,) or in them: (S, TA:) or the two [opposite] extremities of the heaven and the earth: (As, Sh, K:) or the end of the heaven and earth: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, K:) or two vacant spaces (هَوَاآنِ) next to the two [opposite] sides of the earth: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA:) and خَوَافِقُ السَّمَآءِ signifies The regions of the heaven from which issue the four [cardinal] winds. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, K.) One says, مَابَيْنَ الخَافِقَيْنِ مِثْلُهُ There is not between the place of sunrise and the place of sunset the like of him. (TA.) And أَلْحَقَهُ اللّٰهُ بِالخَافِقِ and بِالخَوَافِقِ [May God remove him to the place of sunset and to the four cardinal regions of the heaven or earth]. (TA.) b6: خَافِقٌ also signifies A place void of, or unoccupied by, any one to cheer by his presence. (TA.) خَيْفَقٌ, applied to a desert (فَلَاةٌ), Wide, (S, K,) in which the سَرَاب [or mirage] quivers. (S.) b2: Applied to a horse or mare, (JK, S, K, TA,) mostly to a female, (IDrd, TA,) and a she-camel, (IDrd, JK, K,) and a male ostrich, (IDrd, S, K,) Quick, or swift: (K:) or very quick or swift: (JK, S:) and ↓ خَنْفَقِيقٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ خَيْفَقِيقٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the JK and O, and so written by A'Obeyd,) each correct, the ن in the former and the ى in the latter augmentative, (MF, TA,) is applied to a she-camel and a male ostrich, (JK, K,) in the former sense, as is also خَيْفَقٌ, (JK,) or in the latter sense. (A'Obeyd, K.) Accord. to some, applied to a she-camel, it signifies Lean, or lank, in the belly; having little flesh. (TA.) And, applied to a woman, Long in the رُفْغَانِ [app. here meaning the two inguinal creases], slender in the bones, and wide in step. (El-Kilábee, K.) Also, applied to a woman, Quick and bold; and so ↓ خَنْفَقِيقٌ: (TA:) or the latter, so applied, signifies light, active, or agile, and bold: and Sb says that the ن in it is augmentative; deriving it from خَفْقُ الرِّيحِ [explained above: see 1]. (S.) b3: Also i. q. دَاهِيَةٌ [meaning either A calamity, or, as an epithet, very cunning]; (AA, K;) and so ↓ خَنْفَقِيقٌ; which latter occurs in a verse, variously related, applied to a child brought forth by a woman who had been in labour a whole night; (S, K;) meaning داهية; or, as some explain it, in this instance, meaning imperfectly formed; (TA;) [and is also used as a corroborative of داهية; for] one says ↓ دَاهِيَةٌ خَنْفَقِيقٌ [a great, or severe, calamity; or extremely cunning]. (S.) خَنْفَقِيقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

A2: Also, (as in some copies of the K,) or ↓ خَيْفَقِيقٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the JK, and thus written by Lth,) a word imitative of The sound of the running of horses (JK, K) in which is a quivering, or convulsive, motion. (K.) خَيْفَقِيقٌ: see خَيْفَقٌ: A2: and see also خَنْفَقِيقٌ.

مَخْفَقٌ A place, (TA,) or a level land, (As, TA,) in which the سَرَاب [or mirage] quivers. (As, TA.) [See also خِفْقَةٌ.] b2: And [the pl.]

مَخَافِقُ signifies The places of setting [of stars]: and is used as [a sing.,] meaning the place of setting of a star. (Ham p. 152.) [See also خَافِقٌ.]

مِخْفَقٌ A broad sword: (JK, S, K:) or anything broad with which one strikes. (Mgh.) مِخْفَقَةٌ A دِرَّة [q. v.] (JK, S, K) with which one strikes [or flogs]: (S:) or (so in the K, but in the JK “ and ”) a whip of wood: (JK, K:) so says Lth. (TA.) مَخْفُوقٌ A man (T) having a fluttering, or palpitation, of the heart. (IDrd, * T, K. *) b2: and Possessed, bereft of reason, or insane; syn. مَجْنُونٌ: (AA, K:) fem. with ة. (AA.)

ختم

1 خَتَمَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. خَتْمٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and خِتَامٌ, (Lh, K, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) [in the CK, erroneously, خَتَام,] i. q. طَبَعَهُ [He sealed, stamped, imprinted, or impressed, it]: (Msb, K:) or he put the خَاتَم [or signet] upon it: (Mgh:) namely, a thing, (S, Mgh,) or a writing or book and the like: and خَتَمَ عَلَيْهِ signifies the same [or he put a seal, or the impression of a signet, upon it]. (Msb.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, خَتْمٌ and طَبْعٌ signify The impressing a thing with the engraving of the signet and stamp: and the former [as is indicated, but not plainly expressed, as distinguished from the latter,] is tropically used, sometimes, as meaning the securing oneself from a thing, and protecting [oneself] from it; in consideration of protection by means of sealing upon writings and doors: and sometimes as meaning the producing an impression, or effect, upon a thing from another thing; in consideration of the impress produced [by the signet]: and sometimes it is used as relating to (assumed tropical:) the reaching the end [of a thing]: (TA:) or the primary signification of خَتْمٌ is the act of covering over [a thing]: (Az, TA:) accord. to Zj, the proper meaning of خَتْمٌ and طَبْعٌ is the covering over a thing, and securing oneself from a thing's entering it: some say that the former signifies the concealing a notification of a thing, [as] by putting one's fingers over it, by way of guarding oneself thereby. (TA.) b2: Hence, خَتْمُ الشَّهَادَةِ [The sealing of the testimony]; which is thus described by El-Hulwánee: the witness, when he wrote his name upon a صَكّ [q. v.], caused his written name to be beneath a piece of lead, [i. e. covered it with a piece of lead,] and put upon it the impress of his signet, in order that there might be no falsification of it or substitution for it. (Mgh.) b3: As to خَتْمُ الأَعْنَاقِ [The sealing of the necks], the case is related, in the “Risáleh Yoosufeeyeh,” to have been this: 'Omar sent Ibn-Honeyf to seal the عُلُوج [or unbelievers] of the Sawád; and he sealed five hundred thousand of them, in classes; that is, he marked them twelve dirhems, and twenty-four, and forty-eight; tying a thong upon the neck of each, and putting upon the knot a seal of lead. (Mgh.) b4: خَتْمٌ also signifies The protecting what is in a writing by marking [or stamping] a piece of clay [upon it, or by means of a seal of any kind]. (TA.) b5: And you say, of a man, خَتَمَ عَلَيْكَ بَابَهُ [He sealed his door against thee]; meaning (tropical:) he turned away from thee, avoided thee, or shunned thee. (TA.) b6: And خَتَمَ لَكَ بَابَهُ [He sealed for thee his door]; meaning (tropical:) he preferred thee to others. (TA.) b7: خَتَمَ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ [which may be rendered He sealed his heart] means (tropical:) he made him to be such that he understood not, and such that nothing proceeded from him; or he made his heart, or mind, to be such that it understood not, &c. (K, TA.) خَتَمَ اللّٰهُ عَلَى

قُلُوبِهِمْ, in the Kur [ii. 6], is like the phrase in the same [xvi. 110 and xlvii. 18] طَبَعَ اللّٰهُ عَلَى

قُلُوبِهِمْ: (TA:) it points to what God has made to be usually the case when a man has ended in believing what is false and in committing that which is forbidden, so that he turns not his face to the truth; this occasioning, as its result, his becoming inured to the approval of acts of disobedience, so that he is as though this habit were impressed upon his heart: the assertion of ElJubbáee, that it means God hath put a seal upon their hearts, as a sign, to the angels, of their infidelity, is nought: (Er-Rághib, TA:) الخَتْمُ is explained by IAar as meaning the preventing of the heart from believing. (L in art. خدع.) [See also طَبَعَ.] b8: خَتَمَ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. خَتْمٌ, also signifies [as indicated above] (assumed tropical:) He reached the end of the thing. (K.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ اِخْتَتَمْتُ (assumed tropical:) [I ended, or finished, the thing,] contr. of اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ. (S, TA.) You say, خَتَمَ القُرْآنَ (assumed tropical:) He reached the end of the Kur-án [in reciting it]; (S, Er-Rághib;) [he recited the whole of the Kur-án;] he completed [the recital of] the Kur-án: (Mgh:) [and] he retained in his memory the last portion of the Kur-án; meaning he retained the whole of it in his memory. (Msb.) It is said of Suleymán El-Aamash, كَانَ يَقْرَأُ خَتْمًا, meaning (assumed tropical:) He used to recite the whole of the Kur-án; at one time, according to the reading of Ibn-Mes'ood; at another time, from the edition of 'Othmán. (Mgh.) b9: You say also, خَتَمَ اللّٰهُ لَهُ بِخَيْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [May God make his end to be good]. (S.) b10: خَتَمَ البَذْرَ (assumed tropical:) He covered over the sown seed: (Az, TA:) or خَتَمُوا عَلَى البَذْرِ (assumed tropical:) they turned up the earth over the sown seed, and then watered it: (Et-Táïfee, TA:) or خَتَمَ الزَّرْعَ, (JK, K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. خَتْمٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) he watered the seed-produce, or sown field, the first time; (JK, K, TA;) because, when it is watered, it is finished (خُتِمَ) with the رحا [app. رَحَا, which here seems to mean the “roller,” as being likened to a mill-stone, though I find no authority for this meaning]; (TA;) as also خَتَمَ عَلَيْهِ: (K:) or خَتَمُوا عَلَى زُرُوعِهِمْ means (assumed tropical:) they watered their sown fields while these were as yet كِرَاب [app. meaning clear of vegetation]. (JK, TA.) b11: خَتَمَ النَّحْلُ (tropical:) The bees filled with honey the place in which they deposited it: (JK, A, TA:) or خَتْمٌ signifies bees' collecting some thin wax, thinner than the wax of the comb, and smearing with it the orifices of their خَلَايَا [or hives]. (M, K, TA.) 2 ختّمهُ, inf. n. تَخْتِيمٌ, He sealed it, stamped it, &c., much. (TA.) b2: [In modern Arabic, He put a خَاتَم, or signet-ring, upon his (another's) finger.]5 تختّم, or تختّم خَاتَمًا, (accord. to different copies of the S,) or تختّم بِخَاتَمٍ, (K, [agreeably with a trad. cited in the TA,]) He put on [i. e. put on his own finger] a خاتم [or signet-ring]. (S, K.) b2: And تختّم (tropical:) He put on a turban: (K, TA:) or تختّم بِعِمَامَتِهِ he put on his turban in the manner of a نِقَاب [q. v.]; syn. تَنَقَّبَ بِهَا. (Z, TA.) The subst. [signifying the act or mode, of doing so] is ↓ تَخْتِمَةٌ [q. v. infrà]. (K.) b3: تختّم بِأَمْرِهِ (assumed tropical:) He concealed his affair, or case. (Z, K.) b4: تختّم عَنْهُ (tropical:) He feigned himself heedless of him, and was silent [to him]. (K, TA.) 8 إِخْتَتَمَ see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

خَتْمٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A2: Also The impress produced by the engraving of a signet. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: See also خَاتَمٌ. b3: أَعْطَانِى خَتْمِى means (tropical:) He gave me my sufficiency, or what sufficed me: because what suffices a man is the last [or utmost] of his desire, or demand. (TA.) A3: Also (tropical:) Honey. (K, TA.) b2: And (tropical:) The orifices of the خَلَايَا [or hives] of bees. (K, TA.) خَتَمٌ: see خَاتَمٌ. b2: Also A sealed piece of clay [or wax]: like نَفَضٌ in the sense of مَنْفُوضٌ, and قَبَضٌ in the sense of مَقْبُوضٌ: so in the saying of El-Aashà, وَ أَبْرَزَهَا وَ عَلَيْهَا خَتَمْ وَ صَحْبَآءَ طَافَ يَهُودِيُّهَا [And a jar of reddish-coloured wine, the Jew -vender whereof came, and brought it out, with a sealed piece of clay upon it]. (S.) [See also خِتَامٌ.]

خَتْمَةٌ [an inf. n. of un. of 1, (assumed tropical:) A recitation of the whole of the Kur-án: used in this sense in the present day: pl. خَتَمَاتٌ. b2: And also] vulgarly used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A copy of the Kur-án: and so ↓ خِتْمَةٌ. (TA.) خِتْمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

خَتَامٌ: see the last sentence of the next paragraph.

خِتَامٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (Lh, K.) b2: and a subst. signifying The first watering of seedproduce, or of a sown field: (JK, TA:) or the turning up the earth over sown seed, and then watering it. (Et-Táïfee, TA.) A2: See also خَاتِمٌ. b2: Also The clay, (JK, S, K,) and the wax, (TA,) with which one seals, or stamps, (JK, S, K,) upon a writing, (JK,) or upon a thing: (K:) or which is sealed, or stamped, upon a writing. (Msb.) [See also خَتَمٌ. And see an ex. in a verse of Lebeed cited in art. دكن.]

b3: (tropical:) [The hymen; as being the seal of virginity; as also ↓ خَاتَمٌ.] You say, زُفَّتْ إِلَيْكَ بِخِتَامِهَا (tropical:) [She was conducted as a bride to thee with her seal of virginity], and رَبِّهَا ↓ بِخَاتَمِ [with the seal of her Lord]. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] سِيقَتْ هَدِيَّتُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ بِخِتَامِهَا (tropical:) [if it mean, as I suppose it to do, Their present was sent to him with what rendered it perfect or complete, or with what appertained to it]. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The furthest part of a valley. (JK, TA.) (assumed tropical:) The last of a company of men; (Lh, TA;) as also ↓ خَاتَمٌ and ↓ خَاتِمٌ: (K:) whence النَّبِيِّينَ ↓ خَاتَمُ (assumed tropical:) [The last of the prophets], in the Kur [xxxiii. 40]; accord. to one reading, ↓ خَاتُم, with damm to the ت; (TA;) or خاتمُ الأَنْبِيَآءِ, i. e. Mohammad; (S;) also called ↓ الخَاتَمُ and ↓ الخَاتِمُ. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) The last portion of anything that is drunk [&c.]. (TA.) خِتَامُهُ مِسْكٌ, in the Kur [lxxxiii. 26], means (assumed tropical:) The last that they will perceive thereof will be the odour of musk: (S, TA:) or, accord. to 'Alkameh and Mujáhid, its admixture shall be musk: accord. to Ibn-Mes'ood, its result shall be the taste of musk: Fr says, ↓ خَاتَمٌ and ↓ خَاتِمٌ and خِتَامٌ are nearly the same in meaning; whence the reading of 'Alee, مِسْكٌ ↓ خَاتَمُهُ: and the explanation is this; that when any one shall drink thereof, he will find the last cup thereof to have the odour of musk: Er-Rághib says that the meaning is, the end, and the last draught, i. e. what shall remain, thereof shall be in perfume [like] musk: and that the assertion that it means it shall be sealed with musk is nought. (TA.) [See also خَاتَمٌ and خَاتِمَةٌ.]

A3: Also, (IAar, K,) and ↓ خَاتِمٌ, (K,) or, accord. to IAar, ↓ خَتَامٌ, (TA,) sings. of خُتُمٌ, which signifies (assumed tropical:) The places of separation (فُصُوص [q. v.]) of the joints (مَفَاصِل) of horses. (IAar, K.) خَاتَمٌ (JK, S, Msb, K) and خَأْتَمٌ (TA) and ↓ خَاتِمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is more commonly known than خَاتَمٌ, (Msb, [but see what follows,]) and ↓ خَاتَامٌ and ↓ خِيتَامٌ (JK, S, K, the last in the CK and TA ↓ خَيْتَام) and ↓ خِتَامٌ (K and TA but omitted in the CK) and ↓ خَتَمٌ (ISd, IHsh, K) and ↓ خَتْمٌ (Ez-Zeyn El-'Irákee, TA) and ↓ خَيْتَمْ (Ibn-Málik, TA) and ↓ خَيْتُومٌ (EzZeyn El-'Irákee, TA) and ↓ خَاتِيَامٌ (K) signify the same; (JK, S, Msb, K, TA;) [A signet; generally a signet-ring; i. e.] a certain ornament (حَلْىٌ, M, K) for the finger, (K,) app., at the first, used for sealing, or stamping, therewith; so that the word is of the same class as طَابَعٌ: afterwards, in consequence of frequency of usage, applied to one not used for that purpose: (ISd, TA:) or a ring having a فَصّ of a substance different therefrom [set in it; i. e., having a stone, or gem, set in it]: if without a فَصّ, it is called فَتَخَةٌ: (Msb:) or ↓ خَاتِمٌ signifies the agent [i. e. the person sealing, or stamping]: (JK, Az, Msb:) خَاتَمٌ, the thing that is put upon the piece of clay [or wax, for the purpose of sealing, or stamping]: (Az, Msb, K:) the pl. [of خَاتَمٌ and خَاتِمٌ] is خَوَاتِمٌ (K) and [properly of خَاتَامٌ] خَوَاتِيمُ: (S, in which the former pl., though more common, is not mentioned, and K:) Sb says that those who use the latter pl. make it to be pl. of a sing. of the measure فَاعَالٌ, though it be not in their language; which shows that he knew not خَاتَامٌ: the pl. of خَتْمٌ is خُتُومٌ. (TA.) b2: خَاتَمٌ also signifies A seal, or stamp, and a mark: so in a trad., in which it is said, آمِينَ خَاتَمُ رَبِّ العَالَمِينَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ المُؤْمِنِينَ, i. e. [آمِينَ (or Amen) is] the seal, or stamp, and the mark, [of the Lord of the beings of the whole world upon his servants the believers,] which removes from them accidents, and causes of mischief; for the seal of the writing protects it, and precludes those who look from [seeing] what is within it. (TA.) b3: See also خِتَامٌ, in seven places. [It is nearly syn. with خِتَامٌ, as Fr says: and thus,] it signifies also, (JK, K,) and so does ↓ خَاتِمَةٌ, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) The end, or last part or portion, (JK, S, K,) and result, or issue, (K,) of a thing (JK, S, K) of any kind: (JK, K:) ↓ the latter [particularly] signifies (assumed tropical:) the last part or portion (JK, Msb) of a chapter of the Kur-án, (JK,) and of the Kur-án itself: (Msb:) [and (assumed tropical:) a concluding chapter or section: an epilogue: and an appendix:] and ↓ مُخْتَتَمٌ signifies [in like manner] the contr. of مُفْتَتَحٌ; as in the saying, التَّحْمِيدُ مُفْتَتَحُ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الِاسْتِعَاذَةُ مُخْتَتَمُهُ (assumed tropical:) [The declaration of the praises of God is the opening portion of the Kur-án, and the prayer for the protection of God is its closing portion]; (A, TA;) and it is a chaste word, of frequent occurrence, though the contr. has been asserted. (TA.) One says also, الأَعْمَالُ بِخَوَاتِيمِهَا [Actions are characterized, or to be judged, as good or evil, by their results]. (TA.) b4: Also, i. e. خَاتَمٌ, of a mare, (tropical:) The lower ring (الحَلْقَةُ الدُّنْيَا [app. meaning the extremity, in which is the orifice, see حَلْقَتَا الرَّحِمِ and حَلْقَةُ الدُّبُرِ, in art. حلق,]) of the طُبْيَة [evidently here used as a dial. var. of طُبْى, i. e. the teat, though I do not find it mentioned in its proper art. in any lexicon; unless مِنْ طُبْيَتِهَا be a mistranscription for من طُبْيِهَا]: (K, TA:) so called by way of comparison [to a signet or seal]. (TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The hollow (نُقْرَة) of the back of the neck; (JK, K, TA;) which is the cuppingplace. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The least وَضَح [or whiteness] of the legs (JK, K, TA) of horses; (JK, TA;) i. e. a slight whiteness in the parts next the hoof, less than what is termed تَخْدِيمٌ. (TA.) خَاتُمٌ: see خِتَامٌ.

خَاتِمٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, in two places: b2: and see also خِتَامٌ, in five places.

خَيْتَمٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, first sentence.

خَاتِمَةٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

خَاتَامٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, first sentence.

خَيْتَامٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, first sentence.

خِيتَامٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, first sentence.

خَيْتُومٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, first sentence.

خَاتِيَامٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, first sentence.

تَخْتِمَةٌ: see 5. You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ تَخْتِمَتَهُ [How good, or beautiful, is his act, or mode, of putting on the turban! or, of putting it on in the manner of the نِقَاب !]. (Ez-Zejjájee, TA.) مُخْتَّمٌ Sealed, or stamped, &c., much. (S, * TA.) b2: Applied to a horse, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Having the whiteness of the legs which is termed خَاتَمٌ. (K, TA.) [See the latter word, last sentence.]) مَخْتُومٌ Sealed, or stamped, &c. (S, * TA.) b2: Also The [measure commonly called] صَاع: (A'Obeyd, Mgh, K:) or the sixth part of the [measure called] قَفِيز. (Mgh in art. كر. [It is there added that the قفيز is the tenth part of the جَرِيب: but it seems that this is the قفيز which is a measure of land; not what is here meant in the explanation of مختوم, which is a measure of corn and the like.]) [Pl. مَخَاتِيمُ.]

مُخْتَتَمٌ: see خَاتَمٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

خون

1 خَانَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. خِيَانَةٌ and خَوْنٌ and مَخَانَةٌ (S, K) and خَانَةٌ (K) and خَائِنَةٌ, of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, like لَاغِيَةٌ &c.; (TA;) and ↓ اختانهُ; (S, K;) He was unfaithful, or he acted unfaithfully, to the confidence, or trust, that he reposed in him; (K;) [he was treache rous, perfidious, or unfaithful, to him; or he acted treacherously, perfidiously, or unfaithfully, towards him;] فِى كَذَا [in such a thing]: (S:) خِيَانَةٌ is the contr. of أَمَانَةٌ; and does not relate only to property, but also to other things: (Mgh:) or the neglecting, or failing in, أَمَانَةٌ [which is trustiness, or faithfulness]: (El-Harállee, TA:) or i. q. نِفَاقٌ, except that خيانة regards a compact or covenant or the like, and trustiness, or faith fulness, and نفاق regards religion; so that the former is the acting contrary to what is right, by breaking a compact or covenant or the like: (Er Rághib, TA:) but [it is said that] the primary signification of خَوْنٌ is the making to suffer loss, or diminution; because the خَائِن makes the مَخُون to suffer loss, or diminution, of something. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 183], كُنْتُمْ

أَنْفُسَكُمْ ↓ تَخْتَانُونَ [lit. Ye used to act unfaith fully to yourselves] means ye used to act un faithfully, one to another: (S, * TA:) or ye used to act wrongfully to yourselves: اِخْتِيَانٌ has a more intensive signification than خِيَانَةٌ. (Bd.) One says also, خان العَهْدَ He broke the compact or covenant or the like: whence, تَقُولُ النِّعْمَةُ كُفِرْتُ وَلَمْ أُشْكَرْ وَتَقُولُ الأَمَانَةُ خُنْتُ وَلَمْ أُحْفَظْ [The benefit says, I have been disacknowledged, and have not been requited with thankfulness; and the trust says, I have been betrayed, and have not been faithfully kept]: the verb [خُنْتُ] being here of the measure فُعِلْتُ, a verb of which the agent is not named. (Mgh.) And خَانَهُ العَهْدَ, (Msb, K,) and فِى العَهْدِ, (Msb,) and خانهُ الأَمَانَةَ, (Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. خَوْنٌ and خِيَانَةٌ and مَخَانَةٌ, (Msb,) [He was unfaithful to him in respect of the compact or covenant or the like, and the trust.] b2: [Hence,] خان سَيْفُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His sword was unfaithful;] i. e., failed of taking ef fect upon the thing struck with it. (TA.) A cer tain person, being asked respecting the sword, said, أَخُوكَ وَ رُبَّمَا خَانَكَ (assumed tropical:) [It is thy brother, but sometimes it is unfaithful to thee]. (TA.) b3: and خَانَتْهُ رِجْلَاهُ (assumed tropical:) [His two legs were unfaithful to him;] he was unable to walk. (TA.) b4: and خان الدَّلْوَ الرِّشَآءُ (assumed tropical:) The well-rope broke off, or be came severed, from the bucket. (TA.) b5: and خانهُ الدَّهْرُ, inf. n. خَوْنٌ; (T, TA;) and ↓ تخوّنهُ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) Time altered his state, or condition, (T, TA,) from softness, or easiness, to hardness, or difficulty, (TA,) or to evil; (T, TA;) and in like manner, النَّعِيمُ [enjoyment, &c.]: and of everything that has altered thy state, or condition, [for the worse,] one says, ↓ تَخَوَّنَكَ. (T, TA.) 2 خوّنهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَخْوِينٌ, (K,) He attributed to him خِيَانَة [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness]. (S, K.) b2: See also 5, in two places.5 تخوّنهُ: see 1, last sentence, in two places. You say also, تَخَوَّنَهُمْ meaning He sought [to discover, or show,] their خِيَانَة [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness], and their slip, lapse, or wrong action; and suspected them, or accused them. (TA.) b2: Also He, or it, diminished it, wasted it, impaired it, or took from it; and so ↓ خوّنهُ, and خوّن مِنْهُ: (K:) or diminished it, wasted it, impaired it, or took from it, by little and little; syn. تَنَقَّصَهُ. (JK, * S, Msb.) Yousay, تَخَوَنَنِى فُلَانٌ حَقِّى Such a one took from me by little and little of my right, or due. (S, TA.) And Dhu-r-Rummeh says, لَا بَلْ هُوَ الشَّوْقُ مِنْ دَارٍ تَخَوَّنَهَا مَرًّا سَحَابٌ وَمَرًّا بَارِحٌ تَرِبُ [No, but it is, or was, yearning of the soul arising from a place of abode from which some times raining clouds, and sometimes a hot wind carrying with it dust, took away by little and little, so as gradually to efface the traces thereof]. (S, TA.) And Lebeed says, (S, TA,) describing a she-camel, (TA,) تَخَوَّنَهَا نُزُولِى وَارْتِحَالِى

[Which my alighting and my journeying had wasted by little and little;] i. e. whose flesh and fat my alighting and my journeying had diminished by little and little. (S, TA.) A2: Also He paid frequent attention to him, or it; or he, or it, returned to him, or it, time after time; syn. تَعَهَّدَهُ; (JK, S, K;) and so ↓ خوّنهُ: (K:) in this sense, the former verb is [said to be] from تخوّلهُ, by the substitution of ن for ل (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, [describing a young gazelle,] لَا يَنْعَشُ الطَّرْفَ إِلَّا مَا تَخَوَّنَهُ دَاعٍ يُنَادِيهِ بِاسْمِ المَآءِ مَبْغُومُ (S,) [He raises not his eye, or eyes, except when a caller calling him by the sound of مَآءِ returns to him time after time, addressed by the cry termed بُغَام:] i. e. except when he hears the بُغَام of his mother calling him by the cry مَآءِ مَآءِ: (TA in art. بغم: [it is there added, that the pass. part. n. مَبْغُوم is used in this instance for the act. part. n.; but for this I see no sufficient reason:]) he says that the young gazelle is slum bering, not raising his eye, or eyes, unless his mother comes to him time after time: or, as some say, unless his mother's call to him takes by little and little from his sleep. (S in the present art.) One says also الحُمَّىتَخَوَّنُهُ [ for تَتَخَوَّنُهُ] The fever returns to him time after time: (S:) or in its time. (TA.) 8 إِخْتَوَنَ see 1, in two places.

خَانٌ A place in which travellers lodge: (Msb:) a place in which travellers pass the night: and the دَيْر [i. e. monastery, or convent,] is the خان of the Christians: (Kull pp. 96 and 97:) or the خان is for merchants; (S, K;) i. q. فُنْدُقٌ; (Har p. 325;) [a building for the reception of mer chants and travellers and their goods, generally surrounding a square or an oblong court, having, on the ground-floor, vaulted magazines for mer chandise, which face the court, and lodgings, or other magazines, above: a Persian word, arabi cized:] pl. خَانَاتٌ (Msb.) b2: Also A shop: or a shop-keeper: (K:) a Persian word, arabicised. (TA.) A2: [It is also a title of honour, used by the Tartars (who apply it to their Emperor), the Turks (who apply it to the reigning and to a deceased Sultán), and the Persians (who apply it to the governor of a province, and to a man of rank).]

خَوْنٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) Weakness. (JK, K, TA.) One says فِى ظَهْرِهِ خَوْنٌ (tropical:) In his back is weakness. (JK, TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Languidness in the sight. (K.) خَانِىٌّ Of, or belonging to, a خان of the mer chants. (TA.) خِوَانٌ (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and خُوَانٌ (ISk, Msb, K) and ↓ إِخْوَانٌ, (IF, Msb, K,) the first of which is the most common, (Msb,) A table; (JK;) a thing upon which one eats; (S, Mgh, Msb;) a thing upon which food is eaten: (K:) but said to be not so called except when food is upon it: (Har p. 360:) arabicized [from the Persian]: (S, Msb:) the pl. (of pauc., of the first, S, Msb) is أَخْوِنَةٌ and (of mult., S, Msb) خُونٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) said by IB to be the only instance of its kind except بُونٌ pl. of بِوَانٌ, (TA,) originally خُوُنٌ, like كُتُبٌ pl. of كِتَابٌ, (Msb,) but خُوُنٌ is not used: (S:) the pl. of ↓ اخوان is أَخَاوِنُ, (Msb,) or أَخَاوِينُ. (TA, from a trad.) خَؤُونٌ [for خَوُونٌ]: see خَائِنٌ.

خَوَّانٌ: see خَائِنٌ. b2: [Hence,] الخَوَّانُ The lion: (JK, S:) because he is [very] treacherous. (JK.) And (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune. (TA.) b3: أَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الخَوَّانِ means (assumed tropical:) [I seek protection by God] from the day of the exhaustion of provisions. (A, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ خُوَّانٌ, [accord. to the CK, each is with ال, but this seems to be a mis take, (see شَهْرٌ,)] The month [latterly called]

رَبِيعٌ الأَوَّلَ: pl. أَخْوِنَةٌ: (K:) but ISd says, "I know not how this is." (TA.) خُوَّانٌ: see what next precedes.

الخَوَّانَةُ i. q. الاِسْتُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) The anus]. (TA.) خَائِنٌ and ↓ خَائِنَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter an intensive epithet, (S, Msb,) like عَلَّامَةٌ and نَسَّابَةٌ, (S,) [and also fem. of خَائِنٌ,] and ↓ خَؤُونٌ and ↓ خَوَّانٌ, (K,) [which are likewise intensive epithets,] Unfaithful, or acting unfaithfully, to the confidence, or trust, reposed in him; (K;) [treacherous, perfidious, or unfaithful; or acting treacherously, perfidiously, or unfaithfully: thus the first signifies: the others signifying very un faithful, &c.:] pl. [of the first] خَوَنَةٌ, (S, M, K,) which is anomalous, (M,) like حَوَكَةٌ [pl. of حَائِكٌ], (S,) and خُوَّانٌ. (K.) [Hence,] خَائِنٌ النَّظَرِ Looking treacherously, and clandestinely, at a thing at which it is not allowable to look. (TA.) b2: خَائِنُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [The languid in respect of the eye] is an appellation applied to the lion; (K, TA;) because of a languidness in his eye when he looks. (TA.) خَائِنَةٌ: see خَائِنٌ.

A2: It is also an inf. n. of خَانَ. (TA.) [Hence,] خَائِنَةٌ الأَعْيُنِ (as used in the Kur xl. 20, TA) A surreptitious look (JK, Mgh, K) at a thing at which it is not allowable to look: (JK, K:) or the looking with a look that induces suspicion or evil opinion: (Th, K:) or the making a sign with the eye to indicate a thing that one conceals in the mind: (TA:) or, as some say, the contracting of the eye, or eyes, by way of making an obscure indication: or the looking intentionally [at a thing at which it is not allowable to look]. (Msb.) إِخْوَانٌ: see خِوَانٌ, in two places.

A2: [It is also a pl. of أَخٌ: see art. اخو.]

مُتَخَوَّنٌ One to whom خِيَانَة [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness,] is attributed. (TA.)

صفد

1 صَفَدَهُ, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) aor. ـِ (S, M, Mgh, K,) inf. n. صَفْدٌ (S, M, Mgh) and صُفُودٌ; (M;) He bound him, bound him fast or made him fast, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) shackled him, or fettered him, in iron &c., (M,) or with iron, (A,) or with a [collar of iron put upon the neck or around the neck and hands together, such as is called] غُلّ; (L;) and ↓ صفّدهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيدٌ, (S,) signifies the same; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ اصفدهُ, (K,) or this last has a different signification from the two other verbs mentioned above, as expl. below. (L.) 2 صَفَّدَ see above. b2: [Hence,] one says, صَفَّدْتُهُ, بِكَلَامِى, inf. n. تَصْفِيدٌ I overcame him by my speech. (A, TA.) 4 اصفدهُ, (S, M, A, L,) inf. n. إِصْفَادٌ, (S,) He gave him; (S, M, A, L;) gave him freely, or gratuitously; (L;) property, or a slave: (S:) it is doubly trans. (M.) One says, إِنْ أَفَدْتَنِى حَرْفًا فَقَدْ أَصْفَدْتَنِى أَلْفًأ [If thou teach me a word, verily thou givest me what is worth a thousand dirhems]. (A, TA.) A2: See also 1.

صَفْدٌ: see the next paragraph, in three places.

صَفَدٌ A bond; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ صَفْدٌ: (TA:) or, (M, A,) as also ↓ صَفْدٌ, (M,) i. q. ↓ صِفَادٌ, (M, A,) which signifies a rope, (M,) or a thong, (S, K,) or a shackle, or fetter, (S, A, K,) or a [collar of iron which is put upon the neck or around the neck and hands together, such as is called] غُلّ, (S, M, A,) with which one is made fast, (M,) or with which a captive is made fast: (S, A, K:) pl. أَصْفَادٌ, [expl. in the S and A and K as signifying shackles, or fetters,] the only known pl., though of the form of a pl. of pauc. (M.) b2: Also A gift; (S, M, A, K;) [said to be] so called because he upon whom it is conferred is bound thereby; (Ksh and Bd in xxxviii. 37;) and so ↓ صَفْدٌ: (M:) pl. as above. (L.) One says, الصَّفَدُ صَفَدٌ The gift is a shackle, or fetter. (A.) b3: And i. q. ثَنَآءٌ [which generally means Praise, eulogy, or commendation; but is said by some to mean also the contr.]. (M.) صِفَادٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

نَهِىَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الصَّافِدِ The praying of him who puts his feet together as though they were fettered is forbidden. (L, from a trad.) إِصْفِدٌ is used by a poet for إِصْفِنْطٌ [q. v.]. (M.)

صبر

1 صَبَرَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. صَبْرٌ, (M, K,) He confined him; held him in custody; detained, retained, restrained, or withheld, him, or it; (S, M, A, K;) عَنْهُ from it. (M, A, K.) [Accord. to a copy of the A, ↓ صبّرهُ signifies the same; but this may be a mistranscription. Hence,] صَبَرْتُ نَفْسِى I restrained, or withheld, myself, or my soul; (S, Mgh;) عَلَى كَذَا [to endure such a thing]. (Mgh.) 'Antarah says, mentioning a battle in which he was engaged, فَصَبَرْتُ عَارِفَةً لِذٰلِكَ حُرَّةً

تَرْسُوا إِذَا نَفْسُ الجَبَانِ تَطَلَّعُ meaning حَبَسْتُ نَفْسًا صَابِرَةً [i. e. And I restrained thereat a soul patient and ingenuous, that is firm when the soul of the coward yearns: the last word (for تَتَطَلَّعُ) I have here rendered on the supposition that the poet describes the soul of the coward as one that is yearning for home]. (S.) [And hence,] صَبَرَ is also used intransitively: (Msb:) [or as a trans. verb of which the objective complement, namely, نَفْسَهُ, is understood:] you say, صَبَرَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, M, Msb, K,) He was, or became patient, or enduring; contr. of جَزِعَ: (M, K:) or he restrained, or withheld, himself, or his soul, from impatience: (S, Msb:) or he restrained, or withheld, himself, or his soul, from impatience, and his tongue from complaint, and his members from broil: or, accord. to Dhu-n-Noon, he shunned acts of opposition, and was calm in suffering the pangs of afflictions, and made a show of competence in a state of protracted poverty in places where the means of subsistence were found: or, as some say, he endured trial, or affliction, with good manners: or he was contented in trial, or affliction, without show of complaint: or he constrained himself to attempt things that he disliked: or, accord. to 'Amr Ibn-'Othmán, he maintained constancy with God, and received his trials with an unstraitened mind: or, accord. to El-Khowwás, he steadily adhered to the statutes of the Kur-án and the Sunneh: or, as some say, he was content to perish for gaining the approval of him whom he loved: or, accord. to El-Hareeree, he made no difference between a state of ease, comfort, and affluence, and a state of affliction; preserving calmness of mind in both states: (B:) and you also say ↓ اِصْطَبَرَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ اِصَّبَرَ, (S, M, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, اصْبَرَّ,]) changing the ط into ص, but not اِطَّبَرَ, for ص is not to be incorporated into ط; (S;) and likewise ↓ تصبّر; (M, K;) both syn. with صَبَرَ; (M;) or ↓ تصبّر signifies he constrained himself to be patient; (S, TA;) [or he took patience: and ↓ اصطبر, he acquired patience; and he was tried with patience: see صَابِرٌ.] One says, صَبَرَ فُلَانٌ عِنْدَ المُصِيبَةِ Such a one was patient on the occasion of affliction. (S.) And صَبَرْتُ عَلَى مَا أَكْرَهُ [I was patient of, or I endured with patience, or bore with, what I dislike]. (A.) And صَبَرْتُ عَمَّا أُحِبُّ [I endured with patience the withholding of myself, or the being debarred, from what I love, or like; or I was patient of the loss, or want, of what I love, or like]: (A:) and عَنْهُ ↓ تَصَبَّرْتُ [I constrained myself to endure with patience the withholding myself, or the being debarred, from it, or him; or I constrained myself to be patient of the loss, or want, of it, or him]. (L, voce تَجَلَّدَ.) and ↓ أَفْضَلُ الصَّبْرِ التَّصَبُّرُ [The most excellent kind of patience is the constraint of oneself to be patient]: a saying of 'Omar. (IAar.) And بَدَنِى لَا يَصْبِرُ عَلَى البَرْدِ (tropical:) [My body will not be patient of cold, or will not endure patiently cold]. (A.) and صَبْرٌ signifies also The being bold or daring [in enduring, or attempting, a thing]. (TA.) b2: Also He made him, or it, firm, or fast; or bound, or tied, him, or it, firmly, or fast. (TA.) [Hence,] صَبَرَهُ عَلَى القَتْلِ, inf. n. as above, He confined him, namely, a man, and other than man, [with bonds or otherwise,] (K, TA,) alive, (TA,) and shot, or cast, at him until he died: (K, TA:) or he set him up for slaughter: (M:) and you say also, قَتَلَهُ صَبْرًا; (S, M, Msb, K;) and صَبَرَهُ; meaning he confined him (i. e. a man) to die, until he died; and in like manner you say ↓ اصبرهُ; (S;) which latter signifies also he slew him in retaliation. (T in art. بوأ.) And قُتِلَ صَبْرًا He (i. e. any living thing) was confined alive, and then shot at, or cast at, until he was put to death: (S:) or he (any living thing) was bound until he was put to death: (Msb:) or he (a man) was bound hand and foot, or held by another man, until he was beheaded: (Mgh:) or he was slain [deliberately,] not on the field of battle, nor in war or fight, nor by mistake: (A 'Obeyd:) and صُبِرَ he was confined, (A,) or held and confined, (B,) to be put to death. (A, B.) صَبْرُ الرُّوحِ [signifies The confining the living, and shooting, or casting, at him until he dies; as is shown in the TA: but it] occurs in a trad., in which it is forbidden, as meaning the act of gelding, or castrating. (A, TA.) b3: Also, (S, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Msb,) He confined him to make him swear, until he swore, or took an oath; as also ↓ اصبرهُ: (S:) or he made him to swear a most energetic oath; (Msb;) as also صَبَرَ يَمِينَهُ, (A, Mgh,) which is a tropical phrase: (A:) and ↓ اصبرهُ, (TA in art. بلت,) or عَلَى يَمِينٍ ↓ اصبرهُ, (TA in the present art.,) he (the judge, or governor,) constrained him to swear, or take an oath. (TA.) And صُبِرَ He was confined, or held in custody, in order that he might be made to swear, or take an oath. (A.) And حَلَفَ صَبْرًا He swore, or took an oath, being confined, or held in custody, (S, M,) by the judge, or governor, (M,) in order that he might be made to do so. (S, M.) And صَبَرَ يَمِينًا He swore, or took an oath: (TA in art. بلت:) and he compelled one to take an oath. (Mgh.) b4: See also 2. b5: Also He clave to him; namely, a man; syn. لَزِمَهُ. (M, K.) A2: صَبَرَمِنْهُ: see 8.

A3: صَبَرْتُ, (S, [thus in my copies, without any complement,]) or صَبَرْتُ بِهِ, (M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صَبْرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صَبَارَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) I became responsible, or surety, for him, or it. (S, M, Msb, K.) b2: and اُصْبُرْنِى Give thou to me a surety. (S, K.) A4: صَبَرُوا طَعَامَهُمْ, (so in the CK, [agreeably with an explanation of the pass. part. n. مَصْبُورٌ, q. v.,]) or ↓ صَبَّرُوهُ, (so in the M, and in my MS. copy of the K, [both probably correct,]) They collected their wheat together without measuring or weighing it; made it a صُبْرَة [q. v.] (M, K.) 2 صبّرهُ, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَصْبِيرٌ, (TA,) He urged him, or made him, to be patient, by a promise of reward: or he said to him, Be thou patient: and ↓ صَبَرَهُ he made him to be patient: (Msb:) or the former, he commanded him, or enjoined him, to be patient; as also ↓ اصبرهُ: (M, K:) and the first, he required of him that he should be patient: (Sgh, TA:) and ↓ اصبرهُ, he attributed to him (جَعَلَ لَهُ) patience; (M, K;) as also ↓ اصطبرهُ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, second sentence.

A2: صبّروا طَعَامَهُمْ: see 1, last sentence. b2: صبّر الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as above, He heaped up the thing. (O.) A3: [صبّر also signifies He embalmed a dead body with صَبِر, meaning accord. to Freytag myrrh; but for this I know not any authority: he mentions the verb as occurring in this sense in “ Hamak. Waked. ” p. 94, last line.

A4: Also He ballasted a ship: used in this sense in the present day. See صَابُورَةٌ.]3 صابرهُ, (A, MA,) inf. n. مُصَابَرَةٌ (A, K) and صِبَارٌ, (K,) [He vied with him in patience, or endurance; as shown in what follows: or] he acted patiently with him: (MA:) صَابِرُوا in the Kur iii. last verse means Vie ye in patience, or endurance: (Ksh, Bd, Jel: *) or in this instance, in the saying اِصْبِرُوا وَصَابِرُوا وَرَابِطُوا, the three verbs are progressive in meaning; the first meaning less than the second; and the second, less than the third: or the meaning is, [be ye patient] with yourselves, and [vie ye in patience] with your hearts in enduring trial with respect to God, and [remain ye steadfast] with your minds in desire for God: or [be ye patient] with respect to God, and [vie ye in patience] with God, and [remain ye steadfast] with God. (B, TA.) [See also 3 in art. ربط.]4 اصبرهُ: see 1, latter half, in four places: b2: and see 2, in two places.

A2: [مَا أَصْبَرَهُ How patient, or enduring, is he!] b2: مَا أَصْبَرَهُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ [in the Kur ii. 170] means How bold are they [to encounter the fire of Hell]! (K:) or how bold are they to do the deeds of the people of the fire [of Hell] | (TA:) or how much do they occupy themselves in doing the deeds of the people of the fire [of Hell] ! (K:) this last explanation is in the Tekmileh. (TA.) A3: اصبرهُ also signifies He (the judge, A, TA, or the Sultán, El-Ahmar, TA) retaliated for him. (El-Ahmar, A, TA. [See 8.]) A4: اصبر [intrans.] It (a thing) was, or became, hard; syn. اِشْتَدَّ. (A. [See صَبَرٌ.]) b2: He fell into what is termed أُمُّ صَبُّورٍ, (K, TA,) i. e. a calamity: and he became in what is termed أُمُّ صَبَّارٍ, i. e. a حَرَّة. (TA.) b3: He sat upon the صَبِير, (K, TA,) i. e. the mountain. (TA.) b4: It (milk) was, or became, very sour, inclining to [the flavour of صَبِر, i. e.] bitterness. (K.) b5: He ate the صَبِيرَة, (IAar, K,) i. e. the thin, round cake of bread so called. (TA.) b6: And He stopped the head of a flask, or bottle, with a صِبَار, (K, TA,) i. e. a stopper. (TA.) 5 تَصَبَّرَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph, in four places.6 تَصَابُرٌ [relating to a number of persons] signifies The being patient, or enduring, one with another. (KL.) [You say, تصابروا They were patient, or enduring, one with another.] b2: and تصابروا عَلَى فُلَانٍ They leagued together, and aided one another, against such a one. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA in art. ضفر.) 8 اِصْطَبَرَ, and its var. اِصَّبَرَ: see 1, former half in three places. b2: اصطبر مِنْهُ He retaliated by slaying him, or wounding him, or the like; (A, K;) and so مِنْهُ ↓ صَبَرَ. (TA.) A2: [And accord. to Reiske, It was collected: (mentioned by Freytag:) app. as quasi-pass. of 1 in the last of the senses assigned to it above.]

A3: اصطبرهُ: see 2.10 استصبر It (a vapour, TA) became dense. (K, TA. [See صَبِيرٌ.]) R. Q. 1 accord. to the S, صَنْبَرَ: see art. صنبر.

صَبْرٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: Used as a simple subst.,] Patience, or endurance; contr. of جَزَعٌ: (M, K:) or restraint of oneself, or of one's soul, from impatience. (S. [Several other explanations of this word are shown by explanations of the verb.]) b3: شَهْرُ الصَّبْرِ The month of fasting: (K:) fasting being called صَبْر because it is self-restraint from food and beverage and sexual intercourse. (TA, from a trad.) b4: [قَتَلَهُ صَبْرًا, and قُتِلَ صَبْرًا: see 1.]

b5: يَمِينُ الصَّبْرِ The oath for which the judge, or governor, [in the CK الحُكْمُ is erroneously put for الحَكَمُ,] holds one in custody until he swears it: (M, K:) or the oath that is obligatory (K, TA) upon the swearer, (TA,) and which the swearer is compelled to take, (Mgh, K,) he being confined by the Sultán until he do so: (Mgh, * TA:) such an oath is also termed ↓ يَمِينٌ مَصْبُورَةٌ: (Mgh:) [i. e.] the term مَصْبُورَةٌ is applied to an oath, (S, K, TA,) meaning one on account of which a man is confined, in order to make him swear it; (TA; [and this seems to be indicated by the context in the S and K;]) but the man being مَصْبُور, and not the oath, the latter is thus termed tropically. (TA.) b6: [حَلَفَ صَبْرًا: see 1.]

A2: See also صَبِرٌ.

صُبْرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ صِبْرٌ (M, Msb, K) The side of a thing: (S, M, K:) or a side rising above the rest of a thing: (Msb:) or its upper part, or top: (TA:) and the edge of a thing: (S, M, K:) and its thickness: formed by transposition from بُصْرٌ: (S:) pl. أًصْبَارٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and pl. pl. أَصْبَارَةٌ. (Msb.) أَصْبَارٌ signifies The sides of a vessel, (S,) and of a grave. (TA.) And you say, He filled the drinking-cup, (S, M, A, K,) and the measure, (A, TA,) إِلَى أَصْبَارِهِ, (S, M, A, K,) to its top, (S, M, K,) as also الى أَصْمَارِهِ; (S;) or to its uppermost parts; (TA;) or to its edges. (A.) And أَخَذَهُ بِأَصْبَارِهِ He took it altogether. (S, M, A, Msb, * K.) And لَقِىَ الشِّدَّةَ بِأَصْبَارِهَا (assumed tropical:) He met with complete distress, or adversity. (As, S.) And in a trad., the tree called سِدْرَةُ المُنْتَهَى is said to be صُبْرَ الجَنَّةِ in the highest part of Paradise. (A, TA.) b2: Also the former, (S, M, K,) and ↓ صُبُرٌ, (M, K,) Land in which are pebbles, (S, M, K,) not rugged. (S, M.) Hence, ↓ أُمُّ صَبَّارٍ, q. v. (S, M.) b3: See also صَبِيرٌ, in two places.

صِبْرٌ: see صُبْرٌ: b2: and صَبِيرٌ in two places: A2: and see also صَبِرٌ.

صَبَرٌ Ice; syn. حَمَدٌ: (A, Sgh, K:) and [its n. un.] with ة, a piece thereof: (A, Sgh:) from

أَصْبَرَ meaning اِشْتَدَّ. (A.) صَبِرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ صَبْرٌ, which latter is allowable only in cases of necessity in poetry, (S, Msb, K,) or it is allowable in other cases, as also ↓ صِبْرٌ, agreeably with analogy, (Ibn-Es-Seed, Msb,) [Aloes;] a certain bitter medicine; (S, Mgh, Msb;) the expressed juice of a certain bitter tree; (M, K;) the expressed juice of a certain tree of which the leaves are like the sheaths of knives, long and thick, with a dusty and dull hue in their greenness, of rough appearance, from the midst of which there comes forth a stalk whereon is a yellow flower, ثمد [but what this means I know not] in odour; (Lth, TA;) it grows like the green سُوسَن [or lily], save that the leaves of the صبر are longer and broader and much thicker, and it contains very much juice; (AHn, M, O, TA;) it is crushed and thrown into the presses, then bruised with pieces of wood, and trodden with the feet until its expressed juice flows, when it is left until it thickens, then it is put into leathern bags, and exposed to the sun until it dries: (AHn, O:) the best sort is the سُقُطْرِىّ [i. e. of the Island of Sukutrà]: and it is also known by the name of ↓ صَبَّارَةٌ [a name now applied to the plant]: (TA:) the n. un. is صَبِرَةٌ [and صَبْرَةٌ and صِبْرَةٌ]: and the pl. is صُبُورٌ. (M, TA.) b2: [Accord. to Freytag, it signifies also Myrrh: but for this I know not any authority.]

صُبُرٌ: see صُبْرٌ.

صَبْرَةٌ: see صُبَارَةٌ: A2: and see صَبَارَّةٌ, in two places.

A3: Also Urine, and dung of camels and other beasts, compacted together in a wateringtrough. (K.) A4: أَبُو صَبْرَةَ, (so in a copy of the M,) or ↓ أَبُو صُبَيْرَةَ, (so in the K and TA,) A certain bird; (M, K;) red in the belly, black in the head and wings and tail, the rest of it being red; (M;) thus in the L; (TA;) or red in the belly, black in the back and head and tail; (K;) thus in the Tekmileh: (TA:) [but] AHát says, in “ the Book of Birds,” أَبُو صُبَيْرَةَ, which is [the same as] ↓ أَبُو صَبِرَةَ, is [a bird] red in the belly, black in the head and wings and tail, the rest of it being red, of the colour of صَبِر: and the pl. is صُبَيْرَاتٌ and صَبِرَاتٌ. (O.) صُبْرَةٌ A quantity collected together, of wheat (&c.], without being measured or weighed, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) heaped up: (TA:) pl. صُبَرٌ. (S, Msb.) You say, اِشْتَرَيْتُ الشَّىْءَ صُبْرَةً I bought the thing without its being measured or weighed. (S, Msb.) b2: And Reaped grain collected together; or wheat collected together in the place where it is trodden out: (M, TA:) or when trodden out and thrashed. (Msb in art. كدس.) b3: and Wheat sifted (M, K) with a thing resembling a سَرَنْد [or سِرِنْد, which is a Pers\. word, here app. meaning a kind of net]. (M.) b4: And Rough, or rugged, stones, collected together: pl. صِبَارٌ. (M, K.) [See also صُبَارَةٌ.]

أَبُو صَبِرَةَ: see صَبْرَةٌ.

صَبَارٌ: see صُبَارَةٌ, in two places.

صُبَارٌ (M, K) and ↓ صُبَّارٌ (K) The fruit of a kind of tree, intensely acid, having a broad, red stone, brought from India, said to be (M) the tamarind, (M, K,) used as a medicine. (M.) صِبَارٌ A stopper [of a bottle]; syn. سَدَادٌ. (K. [See 4, last sentence.]) A2: And The fruit of a certain acid tree. (K. [But in this sense it is probably a mistake for صُبَارٌ, q. v.]) صَبُورٌ: see صَابِرٌ, in four places.

صَبِيرٌ: see صَابِرٌ, in two places. b2: Also A surety. (S, M, Msb, K.) You say, هُوَ بِهِ صَبِيرٌ He is a surety for him, or it. (TA.) b3: and صَبِيرُ قَوْمٍ The chief, head, director, conductor, or manager, of the affairs of a people, or party: (M, K:) he who is patient for, and with, a people, or party, in [the managing of] their affairs: (A:) pl. صُبَرَآءُ. (M.) b4: [And accord. to Golius, A solitary man, having neither offspring nor brother: but app. a mistake for صُنْبُورٌ, which is thus expl. in the S in this art.]

A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ صُبَارَةٌ, (M,) A white cloud; (M, K;) and so ↓ صِبْرٌ and ↓ صُبْرٌ, of which the pl. is أَصْبَارٌ: (K:) or white clouds; (M, K;) as also أَصْبَانٌ, pl. of ↓ صِبْرٌ and ↓ صُبْرٌ: (Fr, Yaakoob, S:) or white clouds that scarcely ever, or never, give rain: (S:) or clouds, (M, K,) or white clouds, (As, S,) that become disposed one above another (As, S, M, K) in the manner of steps: (As, S, M:) or a dense cloud that is above another cloud: (M, K:) or a stationary portion of cloud: (K:) or a portion of cloud which one sees as though it were مَصْبُورَة, i. e. detained; but this explanation is of weak authority: or, accord. to AHn, clouds remaining stationary a day and a night; as though detained: (M:) or clouds in which are blackness and whiteness: or, as some say, clouds slow in motion, by reason of their heaviness and the abundance of their water: (Ham p. 786:) the pl. of صَبِيرٌ is the same as the sing., (M,) or it is صُبُرٌ. (S, M, K.) b2: And صَبِيرٌ, A mountain: (O, K:) or الصَّبِيرُ is the name of a particular mountain. (TA.) b3: [And accord. to Freytag, as from the K, in which I do not find this meaning, A hill consisting of stones.]

A3: Also صَبِيرٌ, (K,) i. e. (TA) the صَبِير of a خَوَان [or table, or thing upon which one eats], (M, A, TA,) A thin, round cake of bread, which is spread beneath the food that one eats: (M, A, K:) or (K, TA, but in the CK “ and ”) upon which the food to be eaten at a wedding-feast is ladled (K, TA) by the maker of the bread: (TA:) also called ↓ صَبِيرَةٌ. (K.) صَبَارَةٌ: see the next paragraph: A2: and see صَبَارَّةٌ.

صُبَارَةٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ صَبَارَةٌ and ↓ صِبَارَةٌ (K) Stones: (S, M, K:) or smooth stones: (TA:) or صُبَارَةٌ signifies, (M,) or صَبَارَةٌ signifies also, (K,) a piece of stone, or portion of stones: or of iron. (M, K.) A poet says, (S,) namely, El-Aashà, (M,) or 'Amr Ibn-Milkat Et-Tá-ee, addressing 'Amr Ibn-Hind, who had a brother slain, (IB,) مَنْ مُبْلِغٌ عَمْرًا بِأَنَّ المَرْءَ لَمْ يُخْلَقْ صُبَارَهْ (so in the S; but in the M and TA this verse is given differently, with شَيْبَانَ and أَنَّ in the places of عَمْرًا and بِأَنَّ; and it is said in the M that accord. to one relation the last word is صِيَارَهْ, [with ى,] which, it is added, is like صُبَارَه in meaning;) [i. e. Who will tell 'Amr, or Sheybán, that man was not created stones?] but IB says that the last word is correctly صِبَارَهْ, with kesr to the ص; and the poet means, man is not stone, that he should patiently endure the like of this: (TA:) [J says,] accord. to one relation, the last word is صَبَارَهْ, with fet-h, which is pl. of ↓ صَبَارٌ, the صَبَارٌ being affixed to denote its being a pl. pl., for صَبْرَةٌ is pl. of ↓ signifying strong, or hard, stones: [and he adds,] El-Aashà says, ↓ قُبَيْلَ الصُّبْحِ أَصْوَاتُ الصَّبَارِ (S:) but IB says that صَبَارٌ and صَبَارَةٌ are not pls. of صَبْرَةٌ; for فَعَالٌ is not a pl. form, but فِعَالٌ, with kesr, like حِجَارٌ and جِبَالٌ: (TA:) [and it is said that] the verse from which this is cited is not by El-Aashà, and is correctly and completely as follows: كَأَنَّ تَرَنُّمَ الهَاجَاتِ فِيهَا قُبَيْلَ الصُّبْحِ أَصْوَاتُ الصِّيَارِ by الصيار being meant the صَنْج, (TS, K, TA,) the stringed instrument thus called: (TS, TA:) accord. to the reading given in the S, the verse means, As though the croaking of the frogs in it, a little before daybreak, were the sounds of falling stones: and this is correct. (TA.) A2: See also صَبِيرٌ.

صِبَارَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رَجُلٌ صَبُورَةٌ: see مَصْبُورٌ.

صَبِيرَةٌ: see صَبِيرٌ, last sentence.

أَبُو صُبَيْرَةَ: see صَبْرَةٌ.

صَبَارَّةٌ, [respecting the form of which see حَمَارَّةٌ,] (S, M, K,) and ↓ صَبَارَةٌ, without teshdeed, (Lh, M, K,) and ↓ صَبْرَةٌ, (K,) The intenseness of the cold (S, M, K) of winter: (S, M:) and [in an absolute sense] intenseness of cold: (TA:) and ↓ صَبْرَةٌ signifies also the middle of winter; (K;) and so ↓ صَوْبَرَةٌ. (TA.) صَبَّارٌ: see صَابِرٌ, in two places. b2: أُمُّ صَبَّارٍ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ أُمُّ صَبُّورٍ, (K,) or the former only is meant in the K as having the first of the significations here following, (TA,) A stony tract, of which the stones are black and worn and crumbling, as though burned with fire; syn. حَرَّةٌ; (T, S, M, A, &c.;) for which حَرّ is erroneously put in copies of the K: (TA:) from ↓ صُبْرٌ, q. v.; (S, M;) or from صُبَارَةٌ: or, accord. to some, such as is level, abounding with stones, and difficult to walk upon: (M:) or the former is [the tract called] حَرَّةُ لَيْلَى, and [that called] حَرَّةُ النَّارِ: (ElFezáree:) or it has the first of the above-mentioned significations, and signifies also a [mountain, or hill, such as is termed] هَضْبَة: (ISk:) or smooth rock upon which nothing makes an impression: but the latter, accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, signifies a هَضْبَة without a pass. (ISh.) b3: Also أُمُّ صَبَّارٍ (M, K) and ↓ أًمُّ صَبُّورٍ (S, M, K) A calamity, or misfortune: and a severe war: (M, K:) or the latter, a distressing case. (S.) One says, وَقَعُوا فِى أُمِّ صَبَّارٍ (M) and ↓ أُمِّ صَبُّورٍ (S, M) They fell into a calamity, &c.: (M:) or the latter, they fell into a distressing case: (S:) or into a perplexing and distressing case, from which they could not escape, like the هَضْبَة, above mentioned, without a pass: (Aboo-'Amr EshSheybánee:) but in some of the copies of the “ Alfádh ” [of ISk], أُمِّ صَيُّورٍ, as though derived from صِيَارَةٌ, signifying “ stones. ” (TA.) صُبَّارٌ: see صُبَارٌ.

أُمُّ صَبُّورٍ: see صَبَّارٌ, in three places.

صَبَّارَةٌ Rugged ground, rising above the adjacent part or parts, and hard, (K, TA,) in which is no herbage, and which produces none: or i. q. أُمُّ صَبَّارِ. (TA.) A2: See also صَبِرٌ.

صَابِرٌ and ↓ صَبُورٌ, (M, K,) the latter of which is also applied to a female, without ة, (M,) and ↓ صَبِيرٌ (M, K) and ↓ صَبَّارٌ, (M,) are epithets from صَبَرَ “ he was patient, or enduring: ” (M, K:) the five following epithets are said to denote different degrees of patience: صَابِرٌ is the most general of them [in signification, meaning simply Patient, or enduring]: ↓ مُصْطَبِرٌ signifies acquiring patience; and tried with patience: ↓ مُتَصَبِّرٌ, constraining himself to be patient: ↓ صَبُورٌ, having great patience; [or very patient;] whose patience is greater than that of others; [as also ↓ صَبِيرٌ; or this signifies rendered patient, from صَبَرَهُ;] denoting quality, or manner: and ↓ صَبَّارٌ, having an intense degree of patience; [or having very great patience;] denoting measure, and quantity: the pl. of ↓ صَبُورٌ is صُبُرٌ. (TA.) As an epithet applied to God, (Aboo-Is-hák [i. e. Zj],) ↓ الصَّبُورُ signifies The Clement, or Forbearing, who does not hastily avenge Himself upon the disobedient, but forgives, or defers: (Aboo-Is-hák, K:) [it may be well rendered The Long-suffering:] it is an intensive epithet. (TA.) One says also, هُوَ صَابِرٌ عَلَى البَرْدِ (tropical:) [He is a patient endurer of cold]. (A.) صَنْبَرٌ; &c.: see art. صنبر.

صَوْبَرَةٌ: see صَبَارَّةٌ.

صَابُورَةٌ Ballast of a ship; the weight that is put in the bottom of a ship. (TA.) أَصْبَرُ [More, and most, patient or enduring].

أَصْبَرُ مِنْ حِمَارٍ [More patient than an ass] is a prov. (Meyd.) And one says, هُوَ أَصْبَرُ عَلَى

الضَّرْبِ مِنَ الأَرْضِ (tropical:) [He is more patient of beating than the ground]. (A.) [The fem.] صُبْرَى is applied to a she-camel by Honeyf El-Hanátim [as meaning Surpassingly patient or enduring]. (IAar, TA in art. بهى.) أَصْبِرَةٌ Sheep or goats, and camels, that return in the evening and morning to their owners, not remaining away from them: (M, K: *) [a pl. having no sing.: (K:) [ISd says,] I have not heard any sing. of it. (M.) مَصْبُورٌ [pass. part. n. of 1, q. v. Confined, &c. b2: ] Confined [with bonds or otherwise], (K,) or set up, (M,) to be put to death: (M, K:) and ↓ رَجُلٌ صَبُورَةٌ a man confined, (K,) or set up, (M,) to be put to death; (M, K;) i. q. مَصْبُورٌ لِلْقَتْلِ: (Th, M, K:) and مَصْبُورَةٌ, applied to a beast (بَهِيمَةٌ, A), confined [or bound] to be put to death [and in that state killed by arrows or the like]; i. q. مَحْبُوسَةٌ عَلَى المَوْتِ: such is forbidden to be eaten. (S, A.) b3: مَصْبُورَةٌ applied to an oath: see صَبْرٌ.

A2: Also Made into a صُبْرَة, like a صُبْرَة of wheat; so gathered or collected together. (TA.) مُصْطَبِرٌ: see صَابِرٌ. [مصطير is expl. by Reiske as signifying Collecta caro (ὄγκοσ τῆσ σαρκός): mentioned by Freytag: if so, it is app. مُصْطَبِرٌ: see its verb.]

مُتَصَبِّرٌ: see صَابِرٌ.

صيف

1 صَافَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَيْفٌ, (TA,) He, or it, (a company of men, M, Msb,) remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) during the [season called] صَيْف, (S, O,) or during his, or their, صَيْف, (O, Msb,) or during a صَيْف, (K,) بِهِ in it, (S, M, O, K,) i. e. in a place; (S, M, O;) as also ↓ اصطاف, (S, O, * K, * TA,) and ↓ تصيّف; (S, * O, * K, * TA;) and بِالمَكَانِ ↓ اِصَّيَّفَ is like ↓ صَيَّفَ [probably a mistranscription for تَصَيَّفَ, of which اِصَّيَّفَ is a var., and of which, together with one of this var., an ex. will be found in what follows]: (TA:) you say, صِفْتُ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا [I remained during the صَيْف in such a place], and in like manner صِفْتُهُ, and ↓ تَصَيَّفْتُهُ, and ↓ صَيَّفْتُهُ [probably a mistranscription for ↓ اِصَّيَّفْتُهُ, as seems to be indicated by what here follows]: (M:) a Hudhalee says, تَصَيَّفْتُ نُعْمَانَ وَاصَّيَّفَتْ [I remained during the صَيْف in Noamán, and she remained during the صَيْف]. (M, TA.) b2: And صِيفَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S, M, O, K,) a verb of the class of عُنِىَ, (K,) originally صُيِفَت, (TA,) The land was rained upon by the rain of the [season called] صَيْف. (S, M, O. *) And صِفْنَا, of the measure فُعِلْنَا, like خُرِفْنَا and رُبِعْنَا, We were rained upon by the rain of the صَيْف: (S:) and in like manner ↓ صُيِّفْنَا. (M, TA. *) A2: صاف السَّهْمُ عَنِ الهَدَفِ, (S, M, O, Msb, * K, *) aor. ـِ (S, O, K,) inf. n. صَيْفٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and صَنيْفُوفَةٌ (S, M, O) and مَصِيفٌ, (M,) The arrow turned aside from the butt: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) a dial. var. of صاف having for its aor. ـُ and inf. n. صَوْفٌ. (O, Msb, * K.) b2: And صاف الفَحْلُ عَنْ طَرُوقَتِهِ The stallion-camel turned away from covering the female that he had covered. (M.) 2 صَيَّفَنِى It (a thing, S, O, K) sufficed me for my [season termed] صَيْفَة, (S, O, K,) or for my صَيْف: (Msb:) by the “ thing ” here spoken of is meant food, or a garment, or some other thing. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places.3 عَامَلَهُ مُصَايَفَةً (S, M, O, Msb, K) and صِيَافًا (Lh, M) is from الصَّيْفُ, (M, O, Msb,) like مُشَاهَرَةً (S, O, Msb, K) from الشَّهْرُ, (O, Msb,) and مُعَاوَمَةً (S, O) from العَامُ, (O,) i. e. [He made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like] for the days of the صَيْف. (S.) And in like manner, اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُصَايَفَةً and صِيَافًا [He hired him, or took him as a hired man or hireling, for the period of the صَيْف]. (M.) 4 اصافوا They entered the [season called] صَيْف: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) like أَشْتَوْا meaning “ They entered the [season called] شِتَآء. ” (TA.) b2: and اصافت She (a camel) brought forth in the صَيْف. (M.) b3: [Hence,] اصاف said of a man, (tropical:) He had offspring born to him [in the summer of his age, i. e.] when he was old, or advanced in age: (S, M, O, K, TA:) or he had no offspring born to him until he was advanced in age, or old. (L, TA.) And (tropical:) He abstained from women while a young man, and then married when old, or advanced in age. (M, TA.) A2: اصاف اللّٰهُ عَنِّى شَرَّ فُلَانٍ God turned away, or may God turn away, from me the evil, or mischief, of such a one: (S, O, K: *) belonging to this art. and to art. صوف. (O, TA.) 5 تَصَيَّفَ, and its var. اِصَّيَّفَ: see 1, first sentence, in four places.8 إِصْتَيَفَ see 1, first sentence.

صَافٌ: see صَائِفٌ: A2: and see also art. صوف.

صَيْفٌ as signifying A certain portion of the year is said by ISk to be fem.: (TA, voce شِتَآءٌ; q. v.:) [but by others I find it treated as masc.:] the صَيْف as meaning one of the seasons is well known: (M:) Lth says, it is one of the quarters of the year; and is applied by the vulgar to a half of the year [i. e. to the half-year commencing at the vernal equinox; the other half-year being called by them the شِتَآء]: Az says, it is, with the Arabs, the division which the vulgar in El-'Irák and Khurásán call the رَبِيع [i. e. the spring]; it consists of three months; and the division that next follows it is with the Arabs the قَيْظ; and in it is the جَمْرَة [q. v.] of the قِيْظ; then, after this, is the division called the خَرِيف; and then, after this, the division called the شِتَآء: (TA:) [i. e.] it is the quarter of the year vulgarly called the رَبِيع, commencing when the sun enters Aries: but is applied by the vulgar to the قَيْظ, which is the [summer, i. e.] the quarter commencing when the sun enters Cancer: (Msb in art. زمن; q. v.:) [F says,] the صَيْف is the قَيْظ [i. e. summer, or the hot season]; or [the season] after the رَبِيع: (K:) and [Sgh says,] the صَيْف is one of the divisions of the year; which is after the رَبِيع: (O:) [but unless this explanation in the O denote only a vulgar meaning, and the latter of the two explanations in the K be virtually a repetition, we must suppose that, in each of them, by the ربيع is meant the season of rain thus termed, which ends in March: (see the latter of the two tables which I have inserted voce زَمَنٌ:) most probably, I think, both have been faultily transcribed from what here follows; for the S is largely copied in the O, and the S and O are among the principal sources of the K, which generally follows the O when it differs (rightly or wrongly) from the S:] the صَيْف is one of the divisions of the year; which is after [that called] الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ and before [that called] القَيْظُ: (S:) [this admits of two renderings, both of which are correct; namely, the quarter after the season of two months called الربيع الاوّل (which ends in March) and before the quarter called القيظ (which is summer); and also the season of two months after that called الربيع الاوّل and before the similar season called القيظ: (see the former of the two tables to which I have referred above:) but probably the latter only was meant by him who first gave. this explanation:] the pl. is أَصْيَافٌ (M, O, K) and صُيُوفٌ: (M, Msb:) ↓ صَيْفَةٌ is a more particular term [app. meaning A single صَيْف; (see 2;)]; it is like شَتْوَةٌ [q. v.]; (O, K;) and its pl. is صِيَفٌ, like بِدَرٌ pl. of بَدْرَةٌ. (Fr, O, K.) الصَّيْفَ ضَيَّعْتِ اللَّبَنَ is a saying expl. in art. ضيع [q. v.]. (O, K.) b2: الصَّيْفُ also signifies The rain that comes in the [season called] صَيْف; (S, O, Msb, K;) [see, again, the second of the tables to which I have referred above, and see also نَوْ ٌ;] and (O, K) so ↓ الصَّيِّفُ; (M, O, K;) also signifying the herbage thereof: (M:) or, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) the latter signifies the rain that falls after the division [a mistake for the rain] called the رَبِيع; (O, K;) and so the former; (K;) and it is also called ↓ الصَّيْفِىُّ; (O, K;) which likewise signifies the herbage thereof. (TA.) Hence the prov., relating to the completing of the performance of a needful affair, تَمَامُ الرَّبِيعِ الصَّيْفُ [The completion of the rain called the ربيع is that called the صيف]: for the rain called the ربيع is the first rain, and the صيف is that which is [next] after it. (TA.) b3: آيَةُ الصَّيْفِ is [A verse] in the end (آخِر) of سُورَةُ النِّسَآءِ [the 4th chapter of the Kur-án, but which verse I know not], mentioned in a tradition. (TA.) A2: Also The female of the بُوم [or owl]. (Kr, M.) صَيْفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, latter half.

صَيْفِىٌّ A thing of, or belonging to, the [season called] صَيْف. (S, O.) b2: A young camel born in the صَيْف. (M.) [And in like manner a sheep or goat: see صَفَرِىٌّ.] b3: And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) A son born to a father [in the summer of his age, i. e.] old, or advanced in age. (S, M, O.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce رِبْعِىٌّ.] b4: See also صَيْفٌ, near the end of the paragraph. b5: صَيْفِيَّةٌ [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, for مِيرَةٌ صَيْفِيَّةٌ,] and ↓ صَائِفَةٌ signify The مِيرَة [or provision of corn &c.] in the first part of the صَيْف [here meaning spring]; i. e. the second ميرة; for the first of the مِيرَ is the رِبْعِيَّة, then the صَيْفِيَّة, then the دَفَئِيَّة, and then the رَمَضِــيَّة: (M:) or the ↓ صَائِفَة of a people is their مِيرَة in the صَيْف. (S, O, K.) [See مِيرَةٌ.] b6: [صَيْفِيَّةٌ is also applied to The latter, or last, season of the bringing forth of camels; so in an explanation of هُبَعٌ in the S and TA.]

صَيْفِيَّةٌ [fem. of صَيْفِىٌّ: and also used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant: see the latter word].

صَائِفٌ is used as an imitative sequent in the phrase صَيْفٌ صَائِفٌ, (S, O, K,) meaning A warm, or hot, [spring or] summer: (PS:) a phrase like لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ &c. (S, O.) And one says يَوْمٌ صَائِفٌ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) meaning A hot day; (O, K;) and ↓ يَوْمٌ صَافٌ (S, O, K) was sometimes said, meaning صَائِفٌ; like يَوْمٌ رَاحٌ [as meaning رَائِحٌ]: (S:) and لَيْلَةٌ صَائِفَةٌ [a hot night]. (S, O, Msb.) b2: And مَطَرٌ صَائِفٌ [app. Rain coming in the صَيْف, meaning spring; as also ↓ مُصِيفٌ, occurring in a verse cited voce رَسَمَ, q. v.]. (M.) See also صَافٍ in art. صفو.

صَائِفَةٌ [fem. of صَائفٌ, q. v. b2: Also, as a subst.,] A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the صَيْف [i. e. either spring or summer]: (M, Mgh, and Ham p. 239:) pl. صَوَائِفُ. (Mgh, and Ham ib.) And [particularly] (Mgh) A warring, or warring and plundering, expedition against the Greeks (الرُّوم): because they [i. e. the Arabs] used to go on expeditions of this kind in the صيف, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and to return in the winter, (Mgh,) on account of the cold and snow. (S, O, K.) And they said, وَلِىَ فُلَانٌ الصَّائِفَةَ, meaning Such a one was commander of the army going on a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition in the صَيْف: (Ham ubi suprà:) [but Mtr says,] he who explains صَائِفَةٌ as meaning the place [of], or the army [engaged in, such an expedition], errs: [adding that the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad has used the phrase الصَّوَائِفُ وَنَحْوُهَا مِنَ العَسَاكِرِ العِظَامِ either by surmise or by extension of the [proper] meaning. (Mgh.) b3: See also صَيْفِىٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also The time, or season of the صَيْف. (M, TA.) الصَّيِّفُ: see صَيْفٌ, last quarter of the paragraph.

صَيِّفَةٌ, originally صَيْوِفَةٌ: see art. صوف.

مَصِيفٌ A place of remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding, during the [season called] صَيْف; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ مُصْطَافٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ مُتَصَيَّفٌ: (TA:) and a time thereof: (Sb, M, TA:) pl. مَصَايِفُ. (Msb.) b2: And A place in which dates are dried in the [season called] صَيْف. (Har p. 165.) A2: [Also part. n. of the verb in the phrase صِيفَتِ الأَرْضُ:] you say أَرْضٌ مَصِيفَةٌ and ↓ مَصْيُوفَةٌ Land rained upon by the rain of the [season called] صَيْف. (S, M, O, K.) A3: Also, applied to a channel in which water flows, Winding, or tortuous: (S, M:) from صَافَ, like مَضِيقٌ from ضَاقَ. (S.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce كَرَبَةٌ: and see also مَضِيفٌ.]

مُصِيفٌ: see صائِفٌ. b2: Also, (M, O, K,) and مُصِيفَةٌ, (O, K,) [in the CK, erroneously, مَصِيفٌ and مَصِيفَةٌ,] and ↓ مِصْيَافٌ, (M, O, K,) applied to a she-camel, (M, O, K,) That has brought forth in the [season called] صَيْف: (M, L, TA:) or having with her her young one: (O, K, TA:) pl. of the last مَصَايِيفُ. (TA in art. جر.) b3: and [hence,] the first, (tropical:) A man having a child born to him [in the summer of his age, i. e.] when he is old, or advanced in age. (TA.) مِصْيَافٌ, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), Having in it abundance of the rain of the [season called] صَيْف. (O, K.) b2: And, so applied, Late in producing herbage. (O, K.) b3: See also مُصِيفٌ. b4: [Hence,] (tropical:) A man who does not take a wife until he has whiteness in the hair of his head mixed with the blackness thereof. (O, K.) مَصْيُوفَة: see مَصِيفٌ.

مُصْطَافٌ: see مَصِيفٌ.

مَتَصَيَّفٌ: see مَصِيفٌ.

سرد

1 سَرڤدَ سَرَدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَرْدٌ, He carried on a thing, or put it forward from one stage to another, in regular order, consecutively, or one part immediately after another, uninterruptedly; he made it consecutive, successive, or uninterrupted, in its progressions, or gradations, or the like: (M, L:) [and so ↓ سرّد, inf. n. تَسْرِيدٌ; or this may have an intensive signification.] b2: You say, سَرَدَ الدِّرْعَ, (A,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He fabricated the coat of mail (S, A, K) by inserting the rings one into another: (S, A:) [and so (as appears from an explanation of its pass. part. n.) ↓ سرّدها; or this may have an intensive signification:] and زَرَدَهَا signifies the same. (K in art. زرد.) [See also سَرْدٌ below.] b3: And سَرَدَ الشَّىْءَ (M,) inf. n. as above; (M, K;) and ↓ سرّدهُ, (M,) inf. n. تَسْرِيدٌ; (K;) and ↓ اسردهُ, (M,) inf. n. إِسْرَادٌ; (TA;) He perforated the thing [as one does in fabricating a coat of mail, (see, again, سَرْدٌ, below,) and in sewing leather]: (M, K:) some say that سَرْدٌ signifies the act of perforating. (S.) b4: And سَرَدَ النَّعْلَ وَغَيْرَهَا, [inf. n. as above and سِرَادٌ,] He sewed the sandal &c.; (A;) [as also ↓ سرّد, for] سَرْدٌ (S, K) and سِرَادٌ (K.;) and ↓ تَسْرِيدٌ (S, K) signify the sewing of leather. (S, K.) b5: And سَرَدَ خُفَّ البَعِيرِ, inf. n. سَرْدٌ, i. q. خَصَفَهُ بِالقِدِّ [app. meaning He covered the camel's foot with thongs interwoven]. (M.) b6: and سَرَدَ الحَدِيثَ (M, A, Msb) وَنَحْوَهُ, (M,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. سَرْدٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ سرّدهُ; (TA;) (tropical:) He carried on, or continued, uninterruptedly, (S, * M, A, Msb, K, *) and well, (S, K,) the narrative, or tradition, or discourse, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and the like; (M;) and in like manner,القِرَآءَةَ the recitation, or reading: (A:) from سَرَدَ الدِّرْعَ and النِّعَالَ [or النَّعْلَ, expl. above]: (Har p. 307:) and سَرَدَ القُرْآنَ He carried on, or continued, uninterruptedly and with rapidity the recitation, or reading, of the Kur-án. (M, L.) And سَرَدَ الصَّوْمَ (Sudot;, K *) or الصِّيَامَ, (TA,) and صَوْمَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَرْدٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He continued uninterruptedly the fast, (S, K,) and his fast. (K. [See also what next follows.]) A2: سَرِدَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَرَدٌ, (TK,) He (a man, TA) fasted uninterruptedly. (K.) 2 سَرَّدَ see the preceding paragraph, in six places.4 أَسْرَدَ see 1.

A2: اسرد النَّخْلُ The palm-trees had hard green dates, which are termed سَرَاد. (K.) 5 تسرّد الدُّرُّ (tropical:) The pearls, or large pearls, followed one another, or did so uninterruptedly, upon the string. (A.) And تسرّد دَمْعُهُ كَمَا يَتَسَرَّدُ اللُّؤْلُؤُ (tropical:) His tears followed one another, or did so uninterruptedly, like as do pearls. (A.) and تسرّد الحَدِيثُ, and, القِرَآءَةُ, (tropical:) The narrative, or tradition, and the recitation, or reading, was carried on, or continued, uninterruptedly [and well: see 1]. (A.) Q. Q. 3 اِسْرَنْدَاهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. اِسْرِنْدَآءٌ, (S,) It (a thing, M) prevailed against him, or overcame him; (S, * M, K; *) like اِغْرَنْدَاهُ: (S, * K:) these two are said to be the only verbs of this measure: (TA:) [but several others should be added; as اِعْلَنْدَى and اِكْلَنْدَى and اِغْلَنْتَى:] the ى in اسرندى [and the like] is to render it quasi-coordinate to [quadriliteral-radical verbs of the measure] اِفْعَنْلَلَ. (S.) A rájiz says, قَدْ جَعَلَ النُّعَاسُ يَغْرَنْدِينِى

أَطْرُدُهُ عَنِّى وَيَسْرَنْدِينِى

[Drowsiness was beginning to prevail against me; I driving it from me, and it overcoming me]. (S, M; but in the latter, with أَدْفَعُهُ in the place of أَطْرُدُهُ.) سَرْدٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) [Hence,] وَقَدِّرْ فِى السَّرْدِ, in the Kur xxxiv. 10, means and do thou make a due adaptation of the rings in the fabrication of the coats of mail: (Bd, Jel:) or and do thou properly adapt the nails, or pins, and the holes of the rings, [in the fabrication,] not making the former thick and the latter small, nor the reverse: (M, Bd, * L:) or السَّرْد meansالسَّمْر [i. e. the nailing, or the making firm, or fast, with nails], (Zj, M, L,) in this instance. (Zj, L.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Coats of mail; (S, M, L, K;) a gen. n. in this sense: (S, K:) [and a single coat of mail; like زَرْدٌ and زَرَدٌ:] and (tropical:) any other حَلَق [properly signifying rings, but here meaning mail]; (S, A, K;) [i. e.] it signifies also the like of coats of mail, made of حَلَق: (M, L:) [said to be] so called because the two extremities of each ring are perforated by the nail, or pin; and these rings are [termed] ↓ المُسْرَدُ: (L:) [if so, the word is an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.,] see مَسْرُودٌ, [and then as a subst.; and, being originally an inf. n., it is used alike as sing. and pl.; or, as Z says,] it is an inf. n. used as a subst.: (A:) or السَّرْدُ, as some say, means السَّمْرُ, [as mentioned above,] and ↓ السَّرَدُ means الحَلَقُ [like الزَّرَدُ]. (M.) A3: Also (tropical:) Consecutive, or following one another: so in the phrase نُجُومٌ سَرْدٌ (tropical:) [Stars that are consecutive: the epithet retaining the masc. sing. form, though applied to a pl. subst., because originally an inf. n.; like عَدْلٌ in the phrase رِجَالٌ عَدْلٌ]. (A.) So too as an epithet applied to three of the sacred months, in the saying, ثَلَاثَةٌ سَرْدٌ وَوَاحِدٌ فَرْدٌ [Three are consecutive and one is separate]: (A:) thus an Arab of the desert answered when asked if he knew the sacred months: (S, M, Msb:) the سرد are Dhu-l-Kaadeh and Dhu-l-Hijjeh and El-Moharram, and the فرد is Rejeb. (S, M.) سَرَدٌ: see السَّرَدُ in the next preceding paragraph.

سَرَادٌ Hard green dates: (K:) and dates that are injured by want of water, (K, TA,) and consequently dry up before ripening: (TA:) or unripe dates that drop before attaining to maturity, while green: n. un. with ة: (AHn, M, TA:) or the latter signifies a date that becomes sweet before it becomes coloured, being such as is termed a بَلَحَة. (M, TA.) [See بُسْرٌ.]

A2: See also مِسْرَدٌ.

A3: [سَرَادٌ and سُرُودٌ said by Golius, and by Freytag after him, to signify the same as the “ Pers\.

رَمِيدَنْ Pavidum fugacemque esse,” as on the authority of the KL, are mistranscriptions for شِرَادٌ and شُرُودٌ, which I find thus expl. in the KL.]

سِرَادٌ: see مِسْرَدٌ سَرِيدٌ: see مِسْرَدٌ in two places.

سِرَادَةٌ The art of fabricating coats of mail; as also زِرَادَةٌ. (TA in art. زرد.) سَرَّادٌ A fabricator of coats of mail; (TA in art. زرد;) i. q. زَرَّادٌ. (M and TA in art. زرد.) b2: And A sewer of leather; (TA;) as also ↓ سَارِدٌ. (AA, L, TA.) سَرْمَدٌ: and سَرْمَدِىٌّ: see art. سرمد.

سَرَنْدًى Strong: (S, M, K:) or bold, daring, brave, or courageous: (M:) and quick in his affairs: (K:) or a man who goes on, or advances, boldly; derived from السَّرْدُ: (Sb, TA:) [accord. to Sb, therefore, this is its proper art; but accord. to the K, its proper art. is سرند, in which F mentions it again: it is perfectly decl., i. e., with tenween, for] the fem, is سَرَنْدَاةٌ. (S, TA.) b2: Also A sword that penetrates the thing that it strikes. (L.) سَارِدٌ: see سَرَّادٌ.

المُسْرَدُ: see سَرْدٌ.

مِسْرَدٌ (S, M, A, L, Msb) and ↓ سِرَادٌ (S, M, A, L) An instrument for perforating: (M, L, Msb:) and, (M,) or as some say, (Msb,) an instrument with which leather is sewed; (S;) syn. مِخْرَزٌ; (M, L, Msb;) or إِشْفًى; which is [said to be] the same thing as the مِخْرَز; (L;) as also ↓ سَرِيدٌ: (K:) or an [instrument of the kind called] إِشْفًى that has a hole at its extremity; (A;) and so ↓ سَرِيدٌ and ↓ سَرَادٌ. (TA: [but the last I think a mistake for سِرَاد.]) b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ ابْنُ مِسْرَدٍ, (K,) or هُوَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مِسْرَدٍ, (A,) (tropical:) He is the son of a female slave: (A, K:) because she is a sewer of skins, or leather: (A:) an expression of vituperation. (K.) b3: [Hence, likewise,] مِسْرَدٌ also signifies (tropical:) The tongue. (M, A.) So in the saying, فُلَانٌ يَخْرِقُ الأَعْرَاضَ بِمِسْرَدِهِ (tropical:) [Such a one wounds reputations with his tongue]. (A.) A2: Also A sandal having its لِسَان [or tongue, i. e. the thing projecting in its fore part,] faced with another piece sewed on. (M, L.) مُسَرَّدٌ; and its fem., with ة: see the next paragraph, in three places.

خَرْزٌ مَسْرُودٌ and ↓ مُسَرَّدٌ [app. A sewing of leather or skin carried on in regular and uninterrupted order]. (S. [In one of my copies of the S, I find خَرَز in the place of خَرْز; and so in the L; but the latter appears from the context to be the right reading.]) b2: And likewise دِرْعٌ مَسْرُودَةٌ and ↓ مُسَرَّدَةٌ, (S,) or دِرْعٌ مَسْرُودٌ, and ↓ لَبُوسٌ مُسَرَّدٌ, [though دِرْعٌ and لَبُوسٌ are both generally fem.,] and ↓ لَأْمَةٌ سَرْدٌ, [in which the epithet retains the masc. form because originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ in the phrase اِمْرَأَةٌ عَدْلٌ,] A coat of mail fabricated by inserting the rings one into another. (A.) And مَسْرُودَةٌ signifies A coat of mail (دِرْعٌ) perforated [in its rings]. (S.) لُؤْلُؤٌ مُتَسَرِّدٌ (tropical:) Pearls following one another, or doing so uninterruptedly. (A.) And مَاشٍ مُتَسَرِّدٌ (tropical:) One walking, or going, with consecutive, or uninterrupted, steps. (A.) مُسْرَنْدٍ [A thing] that overcomes one. (S.)

سحر

1 سَحَرَهُ He, or it, hit, or hurt, his سَحْر [or lungs, &c.], (Mgh, TA,) or his سُحْرَة [i. e. heart]. (TA.) b2: And the same, aor. ـَ inf. n. سِحْرٌ, (T, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of a pret. and aor. and inf. n. of these measures except the verb فَعَلَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. فِعْلٌ, (MF,) (tropical:) He turned it, (T,) or him, (TA,) عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [from its, or his, course, or way, or manner of being]: and hence other significations here following. (T, TA. [Accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical.]) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur xxiii. 91. (Fr.) The Arabs say to a man, مَا سَحَرَكَ عَنْ وَجْهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا (tropical:) What has turned thee from such and such a course? (Yoo.) أُفِكَ and سُحِرَ are syn. [as meaning (tropical:) He was turned from his course &c.]. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) He turned him from hatred to love. (TA.) b4: Hence, (TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (T, S, TA,) and inf. n. also سَحْرٌ, (KL, TA,) (tropical:) He enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it; (S, * K, * KL, PS;) and so ↓ سحّرهُ (MA, TA) [in an intensive or a frequentative sense, meaning he enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it, much, or (as shown by an explanation of its pass. part. n.) time after time]: and سَحَرَ عَيْنَهُ He enchanted, or fascinated, his eye. (MA.) You say, سَحَرَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, meaning (tropical:) He (an enchanter, سَاحِرٌ) apparently turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what was false to appear in the form of the true, or real; causing the thing to be imagined different from what it really was. (T, TA. [See سِحْرٌ, below.]) And المَرْأَةُ تَسْحَرُ النَّاسَ بِعَيْنِهَا (tropical:) [The woman enchants, or fascinates, men by her eye]. (A.) And سَحَرَهُ بِكَلَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) He caused him, or enticed him, to incline to him by his soft, or elegant, speech, and by the beauty of its composition. (Msb.) b5: (tropical:) He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; (S, Mgh, K; *) as also ↓ سحّرهُ, [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense,] (K, TA,) inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ. (TA. [Accord. to the Mgh, the former verb in this sense seems to be derived from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. in this art.]) b6: and in like manner, (assumed tropical:) He diverted him [with a thing], as one diverts a child with food, that he may be contented, and not want milk; syn. عَلَّلَهُ; as also ↓ سحّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ. (S, TA.) One says, سَحَرَهُ بِالطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ, and ↓ سحّرهُ, (assumed tropical:) He fed him, and diverted him [from the feeling of want], with meat and drink. (TA.) b7: And سَحَرْتُ الفِضَّةَ (assumed tropical:) I gilded the silver. (Ham p. 601.) b8: سِحْرٌ is also syn. with فَسَادٌ [as quasi-inf. n. of أَفْسَدَ, as is indicated in the TA; thus signifying The act of corrupting, marring, spoiling, &c.: see the pass. part. n. مَسْحُورٌ]. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, سَحَرَ المَطَرُ الطِّينَ and التُّرَابَ, (assumed tropical:) The rain spoiled the clay, and the earth, or dust, so that it was not fit for use. (TA.) b9: And one says of the adhesion of the lungs to the side by reason of thirst, يَسْحَرُ أَلْبَانَ الغَنَمِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) It causes the milk of the sheep, or goats, to descend before bringing forth. (TA.) A2: سَحَرَ also signifies He went, or removed, to a distance, or far away; syn. تَبَاعَدَ; (T, K;) said of a man. (T, TA.) A3: سَحِرَ, aor. ـَ (assumed tropical:) He went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. بَكَّرَ. (O, K. [See also 4.]) 2 سحّر, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ: see 1, in four places. b2: Also (tropical:) He fed another, or others, with the food, or meal, called the سَحُور: (M, Mgh, TA:) or سَحَّرَهُمْ signifies he gave to them the meal so called. (Mgh.) 4 اسحر (tropical:) He was, or became, in the time called the سَحَر; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ استحر. (TA.) And (tropical:) He went, or journeyed, in the time so called: (S, K, TA:) or he rose to go, or journey, in that time; and so ↓ استحر: (TA:) or this latter signifies he went forth in that time. (A. [See also 1, last sentence.]) 5 تسحّر (A, Mgh, Msb) and تسحّر السَّحُورَ (Az, TA) (tropical:) He ate the food, or meal, [or drank the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور. (Az, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: And تسحّر بِهِ (tropical:) He ate it, (S, * K, * TA,) namely, food, or سَوِيق [q. v.], [or drank it, namely, milk,] at the time called the سَحَر. (TA.) 8 استحر: see 4, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a cock) crowed at the time called the سَحَر: (S, K:) and he (a bird) sang, warbled, or uttered his voice, at that time. (TA.) سَحْرٌ, and ↓ سَحَرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) sometimes thus because of the faucial letter, (S,) and ↓ سُحْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and, accord. to El-Khafájee, in the 'Ináyeh, ↓ سِحْرٌ, but this is not mentioned by any other, and therefore requires confirmation, (TA,) The lungs, or lights: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or what adheres to the gullet and the windpipe, of [the contents of] the upper part of the belly: or all that hangs to the gullet, consisting of the heart and liver and lungs: (Msb, TA:) and the part of the exterior of the body corresponding to the place of the lungs: (Mgh, TA: *) and سَحْرٌ signifies also the liver; and the core, or black or inner part, (سَوَاد,) and sides, or regions, of the heart: (TA:) and ↓ سُحْرٌ, the heart; (ElJarmee, K;) as also ↓ سُحْرَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. (of سَحْرٌ, S, Msb) is سُحُورٌ, and (of ↓ سُحْرٌ, S, Msb, and of ↓ سَحَرٌ, Msb) أَسْحَارٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Hence, اِنْتَفَخَ سَحْرُهُ, (S, A, K,) and اِنْتَفَخَتْ

↓ مَسَاحِرُهُ, (A, K,) (tropical:) His lungs became inflated, or swollen, by reason of timidity and cowardice: (A:) said of a coward: (S:) and of one who has exceeded his due bounds: Lth says that, when repletion arises in a man, one says انتفخ سحره, and that the meaning is, [as given also in the K,] he exceeded his due bounds: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that this phrase is only said of a coward, whose inside is filled with fear, and whose lungs are inflated, or swollen, so that the heart is raised to the gullet: and of the same kind is the phrase in the Kur [xxxiii. 10]

وَبَلَغَتِ القُلُوبُ الحَنَاجِرَ. (TA.) b3: And المُقَطَّعَةُ الأَسْحَارِ, and السُّحُورِ, (assumed tropical:) [She that has her lungs burst asunder], an appellation given to the أَرْنَب [i. e. hare, or female hare], (S, K,) or to the swift ارنب, (TA in art. قطع,) by way of good omen, meaning that her lungs will burst asunder; like المُقَطَّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ: (S:) and some (of those of later times, S) say المُقَطِّعَةُ, with kesr to the ط; (S, K;) as though, by her speed and vehemence of running, she would burst asunder her lungs; (S;) or because she bursts the lungs of the dogs by the vehemence of her running, and the lungs of him who purses her. (ISh, Sgh.) b4: and اِنْقَطَعَ مِنْهُ سَحْرِى (tropical:) I despaired of him, or it. (A, K.) And أَنَا مِنْهُ غَيْرُ صَرِيمِ سَحْرٍ (tropical:) I am not in despair of him, or it. (A, B.) صَرِيمُ سَحْرٍ is also expl. as signifying (tropical:) Having his hope cut off: and (tropical:) anything despaired of. (TA.) and صُرِمَ سَحْرُهُ means (tropical:) His hope was cut off. (TA.) A2: Also The scar of a gall on the back of a camel, (K, TA,) when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white. (TA.) A3: and The upper, or highest, part of a valley. (TA.) A4: See also سَحَّارَةٌ.

A5: And see سَحَرٌ, in two places.

سُحْرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

سِحْرٌ: see سَحْرٌ, first sentence.

A2: [Also] an inf. n. of سَحَرَهُ, meaning (tropical:) The turning a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner: (T, TA: [accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical:]) and hence, (T, TA,) (tropical:) enchantment, or fascination: (T, * S, * MA, KL, PS:) for when. the enchanter (السَّاحِرُ) makes what is false to appear in the form of truth, and causes a thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as though he turned it from its proper manner of being: (T, TA:) the producing what is false in the form of truth: (IF, Msb:) or, in the common conventional language of the law, any event of which the cause is hidden, and which is imagined to be different from what it really is: and embellishment by falsification, and deceit: (Fakhred-Deen, Msb:) or a performance in which one allies himself to the devil, and which is effected by his aid: (TA:) i. q. أَخْذَةٌ [meaning a kind of enchantment, or fascination, which captivates the eye and the like, and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women]: (S:) and anything of which the way of proceeding or operation (مَأْخَذُهُ) is subtile: (S, K:) accord. to Ibn-Abee-'Áïsheh, سِحْر is thus called by the Arabs because it changes health, or soundness, to disease: (Sh:) [and in like manner it is said to change hatred to love: (see 1:)] pl. أَسْحَارٌ and سُحُورٌ. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Skilful eloquence: (TA:) or used absolutely, it is applied to that for which the agent is blamed: and when restricted, to that which is praiseworthy. (Msb.) Thus it is in the saying of Mohammad, إِنَّ مِنَ البَيَانِ لَسِحْرًا (tropical:) [Verily there is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment]: because the speaker propounds an obscure matter, and discloses its true meaning by the beauty of his eloquence, inclining the hearts [of his hearers] in like manner as they are inclined by سِحْر: or because there is in eloquence a novelty and strangeness of composition which attracts the hearer and brings him to such a pass as almost diverts him from other things; therefore it is likened to سِحْر properly so called: and it is said to be السِّحْرُ الحَلَالُ [or lawful enchantment]. (Msb.) The saying of Mohammad mentioned above was uttered on the following occasion: Keys Ibn-'Ásim El-Minkaree and EzZibrikán Ibn-Bedr and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam came to the Prophet, who asked 'Amr respecting EzZibrikán; whereupon he spoke well of him: but Ez-Zibrikán was not content with this, and said, “ By God, O apostle of God, he knows that I am more excellent than he has said; but he envies the place that I have in thine estimation: ” and thereupon 'Amr spoke ill of him; and then said, “By God, I did not lie of him in the first saying nor in the other; but he pleased me, and I spoke as pleased; then he angered me, and I spoke as angered: ” then Mohammad uttered the above-mentioned words. (TA.) Their meaning is, but God knows best, he praises the man, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn the hearts of the hearers to him, (K,) or to what he says; (TA;) and he dispraises him, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn their hearts also to him, (K,) or to what he says after. (TA.) A' Obeyd says nearly the same. Or, as some say, the meaning is, that there is an eloquence that is sinful like سِحْر. (TA.) b3: Also (tropical:) Skill; science: Mohammad said, مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ النُّجُومِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ السِّحْرِ (tropical:) [He who learneth a process of the science of the stars (meaning astrology or astronomy) learneth a process of enchantment], which may mean that the science of the stars is forbidden to be learned, like the science of enchantment, and that the learning of it is an act of infidelity: or it may mean that it is skill, and science; referring to what is acquired thereof by way of calculation; as the knowledge of eclipses of the sun or moon, and the like. (ISd, TA.) b4: Also (tropical:) Food; aliment; nutriment: so called because its effect is subtile. (TA.) b5: غَيْثٌ ذُو سِحْرٍ means (assumed tropical:) Superabundant rain. (TA.) سَحَرٌ: see سَحْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ سَحْرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ سُحُرٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ سَحَرِىٌّ, and ↓ سَحَرِيَّةٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The time a little before daybreak: (S, K:) or [simply] before daybreak: (Msb:) or the last part of the night: (Lth, Mgh:) or the last sixth of the night: (Mgh:) the pl. of سَحَرٌ (Msb) and of ↓ سَحْرٌ (TA) and of ↓ سُحُرٌ, (Msb,) is أَسْحَارٌ: (Msb, K, TA:) the سَحَر is thus met. called because it is the time of the departure of the night and the coming of the day; so that it is the مُتَنَفَّس [lit. the “ time of the breathing,” by which is meant the “ shining forth,”] of the dawn: (A:) there are two times of which each is thus called; one, which is [specially] called السَّحَرُ الأَعْلَى, [or the earlier سَحَر,] (A, Mgh,) is before daybreak; (Mgh;) or a little before daybreak: (A:) and the other, at daybreak: (A, Mgh:) like as one says “ the false dawn ” and “ the true: ” (A:) the earlier سَحَر is also called ↓ سُحْرَةٌ: (S, K:) or the سُحْرَة is the same as the سَحَر: or it is the last third of the night, to daybreak. (TA.) Using سَحَر indeterminately, you make it perfectly decl., and say, أَتَيْتُهُ بِسَحَرٍ [I came to him a little before daybreak], agreeably with the phrase in the Kur liv. 34; (S;) and in like manner, ↓ بِسُحْرَةٍ [in the earlier سَحَر]: (S, K:) you also say سَحَرًا, and ↓ سُحْرَةً, (A,) and سَحَرًا مِنَ الأَسْحَارِ: and مَا زَالَ عِنْدَنَا مُنْذُ السَّحَرِ [He ceased not to be with us, or at our abode, from a little before daybreak]: and لَقِيتُهُ بِالسَّحَرِ الأَعْلَى, and بِأَعْلَى سَحَرَيْنِ, and بِأَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ, (TA,) and فِى أَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ, (A, TA,) [I met him in the earlier سَحَر;] but بِأَعْلَى سَحَرٍ, a phrase used by El-'Ajjáj, is erroneous: (TA:) and هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ ↓ لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرِىَّ and ↓ سَحَرِيَّتَهَا [I met him in the time a little before daybreak of this last night]. (TA.) When, by سَحَر alone, you mean the سَحَر of the night immediately preceding, you say, لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him a little before daybreak this last night, O thou man], (S, K,) making it imperfectly decl. because it is altered from السَّحَرَ, (S,) or because it is for بِالسَّحَرِ; (TA;) and it is thus determinate by itself, (S, K,) without its being prefixed to another noun and without ال: (S:) and in the same sense you say بِسَحَرَ: (TA:) and you say, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سَحَرَ يَا فَتَى [Go thou on thy horse a little before daybreak this night, O youth: so in the TA; but in two copies of the S, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ &c.,] because it is an adv. n. which, in a place where it is fitting to be such, may not be used otherwise than as such: (S:) and [in like manner] you say, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ سُحْرَةَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him in the earlier سَحَر of this last night, O thou man]. (TA.) If you make سَحَر the proper name of a man, it is perfectly decl.: and so is the dim.; for it is not of the measure of a noun made to deviate from its original from, like أُخَرُ: you say, ↓ سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سُحَيْرًا [Go thou on thy horse a very little before daybreak: so in the TA; but here again, in two copies of the S, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ &c.,] because its being made of the dim. form does not bring it into the class of adv. ns. which may also be used as nouns absolutely, though it does bring it into the class of nouns which are perfectly declinable. (S, TA.) b2: سَحَرٌ also signifies (tropical:) Whiteness overspreading blackness; (K;) like صَحَرٌ; except that the former is mostly used in relation to the time so called, of daybreak; and the latter, in relation to colours, as when one says حِمَارٌ أَصْحَرُ; (TA;) and ↓ سُحْرَةٌ signifies the same; (TA;) i. q. صُحْرَةٌ. (K.) b3: And (tropical:) The extremity (T, A, K) of a desert, (T,) and of the earth or a land, (A,) or of anything: (K:) from the time of night so called: (A:) pl. أَسْحَارٌ. (T, A, K.) سَحِرٌ: see سَحِيرٌ.

سُحُرٌ: see سَحَرٌ, first sentence, in two places.

سُحْرَةٌ: see سَحْرٌ: A2: and سَحَرٌ, in five places.

سَحَرِىٌّ and سَحَرِيَّةٌ: see سَحَرٌ; each in two places.

سَحُورٌ A meal, or food, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or [particularly] سَوِيق [generally meaning meal of parched barley], that is eaten at the time called the سَحَر; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K* TA;) or a draught of milk that is drunk at that time. (TA.) It is repeatedly mentioned in trads. [relating to Ramadán, when the Muslim is required to be exact in the time of this meal], and mostly as above; but some say that it is correctly [in these cases] with damm, [i. e. سُحُور, which see below,] because the blessing and recompense have respect to the action, and not to the food. (TA.) سُحُورٌ, an inf. n. [without a verb properly belonging to it, or rather a quasi-inf. n., for its verb is تَسَحَّرَ], (TA,) The act of eating the meal, or food, [or drinking the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) سَحِيرٌ: see مَسْحُورٌ. b2: Also A man having his lungs (سَحْرُهُ) ruptured; and so ↓ سَحِرٌ. (TA.) b3: And Having a complaint of the belly, (K, TA,) from pain of the lungs. (TA.) b4: And A horse large in the belly, (K,) or in the جَوْف [which often means the chest]. (TA.) A2: [and An arrow wounding the lungs: so accord. to Freytag in the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen. ”]

سُحَيْرًا: see سَحَرٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

سُحَارَةٌ The parts, of a sheep or goat, that the butcher plucks out (K, TA) and throws away, (TA,) consisting of the lungs, or lights, (سَحْر) and the windpipe, (K, TA,) and the appendages of these. (TA.) سَحَّارٌ: see سَاحِرٌ, in two places.

سَحَّارَةٌ (tropical:) A certain plaything of children; (A, K, TA;) having a string attached to it; (A;) which, when extended in one direction, turns out to be of one colour; and when extended in another direction, turns out to be of another colour: (A, * TA:) it is also called ↓ سَحْرٌ: and whatever. resembles it is called by the former appellation: so says Lth. (TA.) سَاحِرٌ (tropical:) [An enchanter;] a man who practices سِحْر; as also ↓ سَحَّارٌ [in an intensive sense, or denoting habit or frequency]: pl. of the former سَحَرَةٌ and سُحَّارٌ; and of ↓ the latter, سَحَّارُونَ only, for it has no broken pl. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, لَهَا عَيْنٌ سَاحِرَةٌ (tropical:) [She has an enchanting, or a fascinating, eye], and عُيُونٌ سَوَاحِرُ [enchanting, or fascinating, eyes]. (A, TA.) And أَرْضٌ سَاحِرَةُ السَّرَابِ (tropical:) [A land of delusive mirage].(A, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Knowing, skilful, or intelligent. (S, * TA.) مُسَحَّرٌ, of which the pl. occurs in the Kur xxvi.153 and 185, means Having سُحْر or سَحْر [i. e. lungs]; (Bd, TA;) or created with سَحْر [or lungs]; (S;) i. e. a human being: (Bd:) or diverted [from want] with food and drink: (S, * TA:) and this seems to be implied by the explanation in the K; which is hollow; from Fr: (TA:) or enchanted time after time, so that his intellect is disordered, or rendered unsound: (A, TA:) or enchanted much, so that his reason is overcome: (Bd, Jel:) [see also مَسْحُورٌ:] or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted. (TA.) مَسْحُورٌ Having his lungs (سَحْرُهُ), or his heart (سُحْرَتُهُ), hit, or hurt; as also ↓ سَحِيرٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: [(tropical:) Enchanted, or fascinated.] b3: (assumed tropical:) Deprived of his reason or intellect; corrupted or disordered [in his intellect]. (IAar, Sh.) [See also مُسَحَّرٌ.] b4: (assumed tropical:) Food (طَعَامٌ) marred, or spoilt, (K, TA,) in the making thereof. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) Herbage marred, or spoilt. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) A place marred, or spoilt, by much rain, or by scantiness of herbage. (K.) The fem., with ة, accord. to Az, signifies (assumed tropical:) Land (أَرْضٌ) marred, or spoilt, by superabundant rain, or by scantiness of herbage: accord. to ISh, (assumed tropical:) land in which is little milk; i. e. [because] without herbage: accord. to Z, [in the A,] (tropical:) land that produces no herbage. (TA.) b5: And the fem., applied to a she-goat, (tropical:) Having little milk: (A, TA:) or large in her udder, but having little milk. (Ham p. 26.) مَسَاحِرُ: see سَحْرٌ, second sentence.

سخر

1 سَخِرَ مِنْهُ, (Fr, Akh, S, A, Msb, K,) and بِهِ, (Az, Akh, S, Msb, K,) like as one says ضَحِكَ مِنْهُ and بِهِ, and هَزِئَ مِنْهُ and بِهِ, (Akh, S,) but the former is the more chaste, (En-Näwawee, TA,) and is that which occurs in the Kur ix. 80, and xi. 40, [&c.,] (TA,) and J says that the latter is the worse of the two, (S,) and Fr disallows it absolutely, (TA,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. سَخَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and سَخْرٌ (K) and سُخْرٌ and سُخُرٌ (S, K) and سُخْرَةٌ (K) and مَسْخَرٌ, (S, K,) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, him; (S, * A, Msb, K, &c.;) as also ↓ استسخر: (A, * K:) and ↓ يَسْتَسْخِرُونَ, in the Kur xxxvii. 14, signifies, accord. to Ibn-Er-Rummánee, they invite one another to mock, scoff, deride, or ridicule. (TA.) b2: It is said in a trad., أَتَسْخَرُ مِنِّى وَأَنَا المَلِكُ Dost thou mock at me, or deride me, when I am the king? or, as some say, it is tropical, and means, (tropical:) dost thou put me in a place which I do not regard as my right? so that it seems to denote a species of mockery. (TA.) b3: And in another trad. it is said, أَنَا أُقُولُ كَذَا وَلَا أَسْخَرُ (tropical:) [I say so, and I do not jest]; meaning I say not aught but the truth. (A, * TA.) b4: The words (of the Kur [xi. 40] TA) إِنْ تَسْخَرُوا مِنَّا فَإِنَّا نَسْخَرُ مِنْكُمْ كَمَا تَسْخَرُونَ are said to signify If ye deem us ignorant, we also deem you ignorant like as ye deem us ignorant. (K.) A2: سَخَرَهُ: see 2. b2: سَخَرَتِ السَّفِينَةُ, aor. ـَ (tropical:) The ship had a good wind and voyage; (K;) [as though it made the wind subservient, or submissive, to it; (see 2;)] it obeyed, and ran its course. (TA.) 2 سخّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْخِيرٌ, He constrained him, or compelled him, (JK, S, K,) namely, a servant, or a beast, to do what he [the latter] did not desire, (JK, TA,) or to work, without recompense, or hire, or wages, (S, K,) and without price; (TA;) as also ↓ تسخّرهُ: (S, Mgh, * K:) and [in like manner,] ↓ سَخَرَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سِخْرِىٌّ and سُخْرِىٌّ, he constrained him to do what he did not desire; compelled him: (K:) or سخّرهُ, he made use of him without compensation, (A, Msb,) فِى العَمَلِ [in work]. (Msb.) You say, ↓ تَسَخَّرْتُ دَابَّةً لِفُلَانٍ I rode a beast belonging to such a one without recompense. (TA.) b2: He brought him under, or into subjection; rendered him subservient, submissive, tractable, or manageable. (S, K.) You say, سخّر اللّٰهُ الإِبِلَ God hath made the camels subservient, or submissive, and manageable. (Msb.) And in the Kur [xiv. 37], it is said, وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمُ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ (assumed tropical:) And He hath made subservient to you, or submissive for you, the sun and the moon [to run their appointed courses]. (TA.) سُخِّرَ لَهُ [as also له ↓ تُسُخِّرَ] signifies (assumed tropical:) It (anything) was rendered submissive or manageable or practicable, to him, or prepared or disposed for him agreeably with his desire. (TA.) You say also, سخّر اللّٰهُ السَّفِينَةَ, inf. n. تَسْخِيرٌ, (tropical:) God made the ship to obey and to run its course; to have a good wind and voyage. (TA.) سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur lxix. 7, means (assumed tropical:) He sent it upon them by force; namely, the wind: (Jel:) or made it to prevail against them by his power. (Bd.) 5 تَسَخَّرَ see 2, in three places.10 إِسْتَسْخَرَ see 1, in two places.

سُخْرَةٌ One who is mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed; a laughingstock; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ سِخْرِىٌّ and سُخْرِىٌّ; (Az, A;) which are used as sing., as in the phrase اِتَّخَذُوهُ سُِحْرِيًّا they made him a laughingstock; (A;) and as pl., as in هُمْ لَكَ سُِخْرِىٌّ, and also ↓ سُِخْرِيَّةٌ, the former being masc. and the latter fem., they are to thee laughingstocks; the former occurring in the Kur [see xxiii. 112, and xxxviii. 63, and xliii. 31,] with damm and with kesr accord. to different readings. (Az, TA.) b2: Also One who is constrained, or compelled, to do what he does not desire, or to work, without recompense, or hire, or wages; (JK, S, * Mgh, * Msb, * K, * TA;) applied to a servant, (JK, S, Msb,) and to a beast; (JK, Msb;) as also ↓ سُخْرِىٌّ (Msb, K) and سِخْرِىٌّ; (K) or the former of these, only, is used in this sense; and the latter, and sometimes the former also, in the sense immediately preceding: (TA:) and سُخْرَةٌ is also used as a pl., (JK, A,) as in the phrase هٰؤُلَآءِ سُخْرَةٌ لِلسُّلْطَانِ these are persons made use of without compensation for the Sultán: (JK, * A:) it also signifies one who employs any person, (K, TA,) or beast, (TA,) that he has subjected, or compelled to obey him, without recompense, or hire, or wages: (K, TA:) [or this is a mistake, and the correct signification is] one who is so employed by him who has subjected him. (L.) b3: It is also syn. with تَسْخِيرٌ [inf. n. of 2]. (TA in art. سمع.) سُخَرَةٌ One who mocks at, scoffs at, laughs at, derides, or ridicules, others, (S, K,) much. (S.) [See also مَسْخَرَةٌ.]

سُخْرِىٌّ and سِخْرِىٌّ (T, S, Msb, K) and سُِخْرِيَّةٌ (T, S, K) Mockery; scoff; derision; ridicule. (T, S, Msb, K.) b2: See also سُخْرَةٌ, in three places.

سُخَّرٌ A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (Sgh, K,) in Khurásán; (K;) accord. to AHn, i. q. سَيْكُرَانٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) سُفُنٌ سَوَاخِرُ [pl. of سَفِينَةٌ سَاخِرَةٌ] (tropical:) Ships obeying, and having a good wind. (S.) مَسْخَرَةٌ [An occasion, or a cause, of mockery, scoffing, derision, or ridicule]: pl. مَسَاخِرُ. (A.) You say رُبَّ مَسَاخِرَ يَعُدُّهَا النَّاسُ مَفَاخِرَ [Many occasions of mockery, &c., men reckon occasions of boasting, or glorying]. (A.) And هُوَ مَسْخَرَةٌ [He is a cause of mockery, &c.]. (A.) [See also مَخْسَرَةٌ.] b2: Also One who mocks at, scoffs at, laughs at, derides, or ridicules, others. (A.) [See also سُخَرَةٌ.]

مُسَخَّرٌ Any one that is constrained, or compelled, [brought into subjection, or made subservient or submissive,] and managed, unable to free himself from constraint. (TA.) b2: وَالنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَاتٌ بِأَمْرِهِ [in the Kur xvi. 12 means and the stars are made subservient, or submissive,] running their courses. (Az, TA.)